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MICHIGAN m THE WAE. 



Compiled by 

JJSrO. ROBERTSOlSr, 

ADJUTANT GENERAL. 



REVISED EDITION. 




B\ AUTHORITY. 



LANSING: 
W. S. GEORGE * CO.. STATE PRINTER55 AN^P T^TNDERS 

1882. 







9 S 



* Dt€;S4 



AUTHORITY FOR PUBLICATION. 



Early in the Legislative Session of 1879, Major R. B. Robbins, of Adrian, 
then in the Senate, introduced the following Joint Resolution : 

Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the State of Michigan, 
That the Adjutant General be and he is hereby authorized and required to 
compile a report, in one volume, from the reports in his office, and on file in 
the War Department at Washington, of the services of Michigan regiments, 
batteries, and companies in the late war; said report to be printed and pub- 
lished the same as other State reports are printed and published. One thou- 
sand copies for the use of State officers, members of the Legislature and 
officers of the same, and of the several State boards, and five hundred copies 
for general distribution, as the Governor may direct. 

The Committees on Military in the Senate and House, to whom it was 
referred, made through their respective Chairmen, Hon. R. B. Robbins and 
Bon. Geo. H. Hopkins, a favorable report, and it was unanimously passed 
by both Houses and approved by the Governor, Charles M. Oroswell, May 3, 
1879. 

At the Legislative Session of 1881, Major David J. Easton, of Union City, 
a member of the House of Representatives, introduced a bill for the republi- 
cation of 30,000 copies of the work. It was referred to the Committees on 
Printing of the Senate and House, who reported favorably thereon through 
their respective Chairmen, the Hon. Henry C. Russell, of the Senate, and the 
Hon. David J. Easton, of the House. 

The bill was passed by both houses, and the act approved by Governor 
David H. Jerome May 26, 1881. 

Sections from the act covering its distribution : 

Section '6. Any person who served in any Michigan regiment, battery, 
or company, during the late war, and has been honorably discharged, or any 
person who served in any regiment, battery, or company from any other State, 
or in the regular army, or in the navy, properly accredited to the State of 
Michigan, and has been honorably discharged, or is still in the service, shall be 
entitled to receive one copy of said work on presenting to the Librarian the 
certificate of the Adjutant General that such person so served, and if the 
application for such copy be not made in person, by depositing with such 
Librarian thirty-two cents to cover the expense of sending such book. 

Sec. 4. Any person siiall be permitted to purchase said book at a price not 
to exceed ten per cent above cost, together with the cost of sending the book, 
if not delivered in person. 



4 AUTHORITY FOR PUBLICATION. 

For the purpose of aiding in the revision of this work, circulars were sent to 
tlie best known addresses of all the officers of regiments, requesting an exam- 
ination of the volume which had been already issued, with a view to receiving 
from them notices of any corrections or additions required in their respective 
personal record, and also inviting their attention to the history of their 
regiments, and requesting them to point out errors or omissions therein. To 
this circular but few replies were received, probably owing to the volume 
referred to being at the time inaccessible to them, hence the compiler has been 
left, with few exceptions, to his own researches, resultiiis. perhaps, in render- 
ing the revision less complete thau it might have been under other circum- 
statices. 

In accordance witii Act No. 248, Public Acts Michigan 1887) approved 
June 25, 1887, amending Sec. 3 of Act No. 167, Laws of 1881, as amended 
by Act No. 143, Laws of 1883, this volume will be distributed from the 
office of the Adjutant General. All applications therefor should be made 
to the Adjutant Greneral, Lansing, Mich. 

D. B. ALNGER, 

Adjutant General. 



OFFICERS OF MICHIGAN 

WHO SERVED iN THE MILITARY DEPARTMENT OF TUE STATE DURING 

THE WAR. 



Austin Blair 

Henry H. < rapo.. 
Jolin Kobertson.. 
J. H. Fountain... 
Wm. Hammond.. 
Orrin X. Giddings 
Kricnd Calmer... 
James K. I'ittman 
James E, Pittman 
DeWitt C.Gage.. 
ileber LeFavour. 
DeGarmo Jones.. 
Frederick Morley 

Friend Palmer 

Eb. O. Grosvenor 
Wm. Hammond.. 

John F.Miller 

Jerome Croul... 
James A. Dwiglit. 
David H. Jerome. 
H. A. Newland... 
Ch. J. Dickerson. 
Wm. K. Gibson... 
Eugene Pringle.. 

Isaac Delano 

A. .S. Williams. .. 
A. W. Williams.. 
H. M. Whittlesey. 
C. W. Loinngwell. 
John Kobertson.. 
J. H. Fountain... 
Wm. M. Fenton... 
E. H. Tliomson. .. 
Eb. O. Grosvenor 

John F, Miller 

James E. Pittman 
Wm. Hammond.. 

Jerome ('roul 

N. B. Eldridge... 
Omar D. Conger. 
A. T. Crossman.. 
James A. Dwight 
David H. Jerome. 



Jackson 

Flint 

Detroit 

Manchester... 

Tekonsha 

Kalamazoo... 

Detroit 

Detroit 

Detroit 

East Saginaw. 

Detroit 

Detroit 

Detroit 

Detroit 

Jonesville 

Tekonsha 

Ann Arbor 

Detroit 

Ypsilanti 

Saginaw 

Detroit 

Hillsdale 

Jackson 

Jackson 

Flint 

Detroit 

Lansing 

Detroit 

Grand Rapid- 
Detroit 

Manchester .. 

Flint... , 

Flint , 

Jonesville 

Ann Arbor... 

Detroit 

Tekonsha 

Detroit 

Lapeer 

Port Huron. 

Flint 

Ypsilanti 

Saffiiniw 



Gov.& Com.-in-Chief 

Adjutant General 

Q. M. General 

u u 

Paymaster 

Inspector General.. 

Judge Advocate 

Ass't Adj't General. 



A. Q. M. General. 
Aid-do-Camp 



u u 



il, ii 



Military Secretary, 
.•^tate Military Boan 



Jan. 1. 1861... 
Jan. 1,1865... 
March 15. 1861 
April 1, 1861. 
March 2o. 1863 
March 21,1865 
March 26. 1867 
May 21.1861. 
Nov. 1.1862.. 
March 10, 1865 
April 1, 1861. 
June 15,1861. 
May 6, 1862.. 
May 17, 1861.. 
May 15, 1861.. 
Mav 15.1861.. 
May 15,1861.. 
Mav 15, 1861 .. 
Oct. 1, 1863 .. 
.March 10.1865 
March 10,1865 
March 10.1865 
Mav 15. 1861 . 
Sept. lo. 18(;2 
March U), 1865 
March 11.185!) 
March ll,185<i 
March 11,1 8.50 
March 11,1850 
March 15. 1861 
April 1. 1861 . 
June 17. 1861. 
Aug. 13, 1861. 
Sept. 19, 1861. 
Sept. 10,1861. 
Sept. 10. 1861. 
Jan. 31,1862.. 
Jan. 31, 1862. 
Jan. 31.1862.. 
Dec. 6. 1862... 
Dec. 6. 1862... 
May 23, 1864. 
March 11, lb65 



Dec. 31.1^64. 
Dec. 31,1868. 
In oHice. 
Manh 25.1863. 
March 20. l.st;.^. 
March 25. 1867. 
Sept. 12. 1870 
Nov. 1, 1862. 
March 21, 1867. 
April 17. 1860. 
June 14.1861. 
May 5,1862. 
Ma'rchll.l865. 
March 26. 1867. 
March 10.186,5. 
March 25. 1.^63. 
March 10.1865. 
Marcii 10.1865. 
March 10.1865. 
May 10. 1867. 
April 17. 1869. 
Feb. 4. 1873. 
>ept. 13. 1862. 
March 10.1865. 
Sept. 16. 1865. 
Sept. 19. 1861. 
April 25,1861. 
Sei)t. 19, 1861. 
Sept. 19. 1861. 
Jan. 18, 1862. 
Jan. 18. 1J<62. 
Aug. 7. 1.^61. 
De.-. 6. 1862. 
Marcli 11.1865. 
Jan. 31, 1862. 
Dec. 6. 1.S62. 
March 25. 1863. 
Feb. 28. 1874. 
Dec. 6, 1862. 
Jan. 19, 1869. 
Manh 13,1873. 
March 11. 1865. 
March 13, 1873. 



PREFACE. 



It was not contemplated that in this work any history of the State prior to> 
the commeucement of the war would be included, and really none subsequent 
to that period, farther than that connected with the services of the regiments 
in the field. But, on considering the matter, the subject of raising the regi- 
ments and the work accomplished in the State in connection therewith seemed 
to be a necessity in order to make the entire action of Michigan in the war as 
complete as possible, hence that has been included, although in a very brief 
manner. 

To say that Michigan performed her whole duty in her efforts to aid in 
suppressing the rebellion would not be saying enough; for, considering the low 
ebb of her finances at the time, it was an undertaking under great disadvan- 
tage, and especially so as Michigan, like most of the other States, had in the 
past made but a very feeble preparation, in a military point of view, to meet an 
emergency of that magnitude. 

But, placed as she was at the time under these disadvantageous circumstances, 
she determined to overcome all obstacles, and placing implicit reliance upon 
the intelligence of her people and faith in their great love for the "Old Flao-," 
coupled with their pronounced loyalty and patriotism which seemed so uni- 
versally to prevail, Michigan entered the contest, and with truthful earnestness 
and indomitable energy, confident of final and complete success, commenced 
her great and bloody sacrifice for the Nation's life. By the unbounded zeal 
and liberality of her people in the cause of the Union, and especially by the 
bravery, efficiency, and great prowess of her troops in the field, she was most 
successful, acquiring an exalted position among her sister States, and in the 
Nation while the war lasted, and Michigan is now, and will continue to be, 
the recipient of much credit and distinction for her part in suppressing the 
rebellion. 

To Governor Croswell and the Ijegislature of 1879 the citizens of Michigan, 
and particularly the soldiers, are under many obligations for the unanimity 
with which they authorized the publication of this work; and although it may 
be found deficient in many respects, still it will be accepted as a deserved 
tribute by the State of Michigan to the people, and especially to her troops, 
who bore the brunt of the war and gave many of the best days of their lives to 
hardship and danger, while many of them gave their lives. 



PREFACE. 

It will be observed that the histories of the regiments vary as to extent, 
which is attributable to the difiEerence in completeness of regimental reports. 
While some are full, others are very limited, and it may here be said that the 
brief histories generally required more research than those of regimentsiiaving 
on file a more full and complete record. 

In its preparation the compiler has labored industriously, and he hopes that 
his great desire and efforts to avoid inaccuracies and omissions will be accepted 
as an excuse for their occurrence. 

In his labor he has received much needed countenance and encouragement. 
And while he has been under obligations to many, he has to make special 
mention of Miss Amy F. Hendryx of Lansing, the proof-reader, whose careful 
reading, and in many instances needful corrections, have been of valuable 
service in improving the composition ; while the strict attention, care, and 
patience, coupled with the good taste of Frederick D. Carnahau of Lansing, 
assistant foreman of the book room in the State printing office, have given the 
topography of the work a neat and uniform appearance. 

He has also to acknowledge the promptness with which Messrs. W. S. George 
& Co., the State printers, have accomplished their work, together with the 
creditable manner in which it has been done, and also to notice the valuable 
suggestions regarding the make-up of the work received from time to time at 
the hands of Wm. Van Buren, their capable and courteous business manager. 

He at the same time desires to notice specially the valuable assistance and 
efficiency of Mr. W. C. Humphrey, clerk in the Adjutant General's office-, 
whose laborious and faithful service in connection with the work has been of 
the greatest value. 

The proof-reading of the revised edition has been ably accomplished by 
Miss Hattie E. Chadwick, to whom the compiler is under many obligations 
for careful reading and valuable corrections, while Mr. David E, Goodrich, 
the stereotyper, by continuous effort and great ability, has accomplished a 
work most satisfactory. 



IJNTKODUCTION. 



The American Rebellion, in 1861, was the consummation of a long and 
increasing deLerniuiatiou to resist grievances, which the Southern States 
unreasonably claimed to have received for a series of years at the hands of 
the Northern States. 

Imaginary wrongs of the past— unpromising shadows of the future— the 
decay of political power-the -Irrepressible Conflict" in force— the dreadful 
handwriting on the wall, foretelling the doom of human slavery— the pro- 
nounced hostility of the press— the continuous and earnest denouncement of 
it from the pul])it— the increasing sentiment of the northern masses against 
it— the enactment of laws by Congress circumscribing its limits, together with 
the election of a President, the choice of a party professing open hostility to 
its extension, and foreshadowing the accomplishment of its utter abolition, led 
to a declaration of secession from the Union of most of the States in which 
slavery existed, and the repudiation of the National Government and its laws— 
the setting up of a revolutionary government and the armament of a force to 
maintain it— the inauguration of hostilities by the perpetration of acts of war 
on National forts and ships,— the vile desecration of the Flag, and the onset 
of a vicious and vindictive rebellion in force. 

The sudden uprising in rebellion in so formidable proportions unfortunately 
found all departments of the National Government, as well as Slates, unpre- 
pared for its fearful emergencies, and as they were unanticipated they were 

unprovided for. 

War was then to the American people only as a name. They had been lulled 
into a condition of repose by years of comparatively social tranquillity, amid 
great commercial and increasing prosperity. They had not for many years 
realized the dreadful realities of war in their own country, and had for a long 
time been only cognizant of its devastating results as they from time to time 
heard of its existence in other nations; and while they were confident of not 
meeting it from any external source, had forgotten the possibility of encounter- 
ing it within their own borders; and rarely or never, even in thought, admit- 
ted that it might hastily become a fearful fact, even refusing, almost up to 
the last moment, to credit the most probable predictions of the loyal, and dis- 
regarding the continuous and defiant threatenings of the disloyal, of a coming 



10 INTRODUCTION. 

eclipse on the peace of the Natiou, until its terrible shadow, in all its gloom, 
had fallen upon their country. 

It was not until the walls of Sumter were being laid in smoking ruins by 
rebel batteries, and the National Flag riddled by shot and shell, that the 
people of the land became undeceived, the dreadful responsibilities acknowl- 
edged and accepted, and the action determined upon which was at once 
needed. 

The emergency was sudden and alarming. Prompt action and strong meas- 
ures must at once prevail; the necessities of the time must be met; the exist- 
ing deficiencies supplied ; the burdens of the struggle borne ; great sacrifices of 
life and means must be made, and a country saved. How these were so trium- 
phantly accomplished has gone into history as the grandest achievement on 
record. 

Michigan, in common with the other Northern States, had shared in the 
prevailing indifference as to possible internal discord which might lead to a 
civil war, and had never actually or impliedly conceded its possibility until the 
first blow was struck. The people had made the wish father to the thought, 
that as American citizens they were loyal to the Nation ; they would expect it 
in others, and proposed to hold all innocent until guilt was indisputably 
proven. Thus the times of peace had not been devoted to a preparation for 
war. The preliminary arming, the antecedent training, the husbanding of 
resources, the abatement of encumbrances, the occupancy of advantageous 
positions necessary to enter a terrible conflict, had all been forgotten in the 
fancied security of continuing peace ; and the enemy vigorously assailed the 
walls while the unthinking garrison was yet engaged in the peaceful avoca- 
tions of life, and the rusty weapons of years past yet remained in quiet arsenals 
of the land until they became a prey to treason and rebellion. 

The militia of the State had been struggling for years to acquire a recogni- 
tion as an institution of the State, but so far it had failed. It was rather 
looked upon as a burlesque on the military profession, than as an efficient and 
necessary part of the State government. Yet, neglected and feeble as it was 
considered, it formed a nucleus from which rallied the first regiments sent to 
the field in defense of the Union, and from it germed much of the esprit de 
corps which characterized the early Michigan regiments, coupled with superior 
military appearance and general etficiency, and which became more or less 
infused into many other regiments throughout the war. 

To the efforts of Col. F. W. Curtenius, of Kalamazoo, then Adjutant 
General, the State was more indebted for whatever efficiency was found in the 
Militia at the outbreak of the war, than to the meager and limited provisions 
of law. 

The entire available force at the time consisted of twenty-eight companies, 
poorly equipped and armed, having an aggregate strength of 1,241 officers and 
men. For the entire support of this military establishment the State annually 



INTRODUCTION. ^^ 

spent the enormous sum of three thousand dollars, appropriated by the Legisla- 
ture. No wonder the people of Michigan regarded it at a very low ebb and 
most delicately feeble, when such an estimate was placed upon it by the State 
Legislature. 

Although the State was physically weak in a military point of view, as well 
as in financial resources, it was strong in principle, the morale of the people 
being loyal to the core and true as steel. 

Governor Wisner, on retiring from the Executive chair at the close of his 
term in 1860, delivered an eloquent and cogent address to the Legislature of 
1861. 

After presenting, in the usual way, full and well considered summaries of 
all the essential facts regarding the manifold important and varied interests of 
the State, he took up the discussion of the grave condition of the country at 
that time, over which a dark cloud had been cast by a recent passage in several 
Southern States of ordinances of secession, foreboding most dire results. In 
his language there was not a shadow of faltering, no tinge of disaffection, no 
uncertain sound. With intense earnestness he breathed devotion to the Union 
and the Flag in every sentence. Every paragraph was a stirring argument, 
counseling the maintenance of the Union, denouncing treason, and invoking 
patriotism. We quote from these inspiring utterances, words which fell upon 
the ear of patriots amid doubt, disloyalty, and danger, like tidings of better 
days and harbingers of future glory : 

"This is no time for timid and vacillating councils, when the cry of treason 
and rebellion is ringing in our ears." "The Constitution, as our fathers 
made it, is good enough for us, and must be enforced upon every foot of 
American soil." "Michigan cannot recognize the right of a State to secede 
from this Union. We believe that the founders of our Government designed 
it to be perpetual, and we cannot consent to have one star obliterated from our 
Flag. For upwards of thirty years this question of the right of a State to 
secede has been agitated. It is time it was settled. We ought not to leave it 
for our children to look after." "I would calmly but firmly declare it to be 
the fixed determination of Michigan that the Federal Constitution, the rights 
of the States, must and shall be preserved." 

It was but a short time until jiersonal example followed these glowing words, 
this noble advice. His fidelity to the Union and the honor of his State 
prompted him soon to take the field, where a short but bright and promising 
career gave the name of Moses Wisner to the long list of Michigan martyrs to 
American liberty. 

Following the valedictory of Governor Wisner, the Legislature of 1861 list- 
ened with intense interest to the inaugural of Austin Blair, his successor, 
who, in a profound and philosophical address, set forth the true nature of our 
system of government, and the real meaning of the present and impending 
issues, and closed with these emphatic and forcible utterances: 



VZ INTRODUCTION. 

"We are satisfied with the Constitution of our country, and will obey the 
laws enacted under it, and we must demand that the people of all the other 
States do the same ; safety lies in this path alone. The Union must be pre- 
served, and the laws must be enforced in all parts of it at whatever cost^ The 
President is bound to this by his oath, and no power can discharge him from 
it. Secession is revolution, and revolution in the overt act is treason and must 
be treated as such. The Federal Government has the power to defend itself, 
and I do not doubt that that power will be exercised to the utmost. It is a 
question of war that the seceding States have to look in the face. They who 
think that this powerful Government can be disrupted peacefully have read 
history to no purpose. The sons of the men who carried arms in the seven 
years war with the most powerful nation in the world, to establish this Govern- 
ment, will not hesitate to make equal sacrifices to maintain it. Most deeply 
must we deplore the unnatural contest. On the heads of the traitors who pro- 
voke it must rest the responsibility. In such a contest the God of battles has 
no attribute that can take sides with the revolutionists of the slave States. 

"I recommend you at an early day to make manifest to the gentlemen who 
represent this State in the two Houses of Congress, and to the country, that 
Michigan is loyal to the Union, the Constitution, and the laws, and will defend 
them to the uttermost ; and to proffer to the President of the United States 
the whole military power of the State for that purpose. Oh ! for the firm, 
steady hand of a Washington, or a Jackson, to guide the ship of State in this 
perilous storm. Let us hope that we shall find him on the 4th of March. 
Meantime, let us abide in the faith of our fathers — 'Liberty and Union, one 
and inseparable, now and forever.' " 

The sentiment of the people of the State had by this time been educated up 
to expecting prompt and decisive action by the Legislature and they were not 
disappointed. Inspired by its own steadfast and invincible amor patricB, it was 
quick in defining its position and unfurling its colors to the breeze, declaring 
in joint resolutions passed February 2d, 1861, the adherence of the State to 
the Government of the United States, pledging and tendering all its military 
power and material resources, and also declaring that concession or com- 
promise was not to be entertained or offered to traitors. 

Nothing, however, was definitely attempted by the State authorities, and no 
actual defensive or aggressive measures were undertaken until the gigantic 
struggle was fully inaugurated by the fire upon Fort Sumter of the encircling 
batteries of the rebels in Charleston Harbor, when all hope of evading an 
inevitable conflict gave place to prompt and needful action. 

Those awful tidings were received on April 12th, creating the wildest excite- 
ment all over the State, and in Detroit, the people, much alarmed, commenced 
estimating how united the public officials and people would be in the cause of 
the Union. On the following day a meeting of the Bar, with other citizens, 
was held, presided over by the Yenerable Judge Ross Wilkins of the United 
States Court, when the United States officials were required to take the oath 
of allegiance, and resolutions were adoi)ted denouncing and repudiating the 
treason, and pledging the community to "stand by the Government to the 



i 



INTRODUCTION. 



13 



last." By the following Monday (April 15th), the surrender of the South 
Carolina fort was known throughout the land, and Michigan had received the 
President's call for 75, (.00 volunteers, assigning her own quota. The emer- 
gencies and duties of the hour were then fully realized by the people of the 
State, and the uprising was universal. Most cities and towns were holding 
meetings in open air, in public buildings,— even in Christian churches,— pledg- 
ing fidelity and pecuniary assistance to the Nation in its hour of great peril, 
and volunteers in large numbers were congregating and demanding instant 
service for the Union, while the watch-fires of patriotism had been kindled on 
every hillside and in every valley, burning and flashing with intense brightness, 
at once cheering and inspiring. 

Michigan was extremely fortunate in her Executive. His examjjle and 
utterances in public and private, full of loyalty, patriotism, and courage, gave 
an abiding tone to public sentiment, and inspired the troops. And although 
the intense prevailing patriotism of the people of Michigan was undoubtedly 
the main source of the high standard reached by her troops in this respect, 
yet it being so eminently inherent in her ''War Governor," Austin Blair, and 
which he so ekxiuently imparted to them on every fitting occasion, impressed 
it on their minds with so much earnestness as to produce most beneficial and 
enduring effects. 

The State was equally fortunate in her Legislative bodies, being composed 
of men thoroughly in sympathy with the Union cause, opposing with great 
earnestness and ability any measures tinctured in the least with secession or 
even a shadow of compromise, and as a result their declarations in this respect 
were ''stalwart" and decided, not minced in clipped or timid words, nor faint 
in expression, but bold, pronounced, and defiant. 

In the management of her interests at the National capital the State was 
well represented, having in the several departments of the Government men of 
influence who esteemed the reputation of their State, and were ever anxious 
and prompt to advance her cause. In her Representatives in both houses of 
Congress she was especially favored, and with these advantages Michigan 
unhesitatingly, but reluctantly, although hopefully and fearlessly, launched 
her bark on the turbulent sea of war on rebelliou. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 



P^RT I. 



IN THE STATE. 



" Throughout the land there aroes a cry ; 
A sudden splendor fills the sky, 
From every hill the banners burst, 
Like buds by April breezes nurst ; 
In every hamlet, home, and mart, 
The firebeat of a single heart 
Keeps time to strains whose pulses mix 
Our blood with that of Seventy -Six." 



RAISING OF TROOPS. 



Governor Blair reached Detroit on Tuesday, April 16th, 1861, and in the 
afternoon, at the Michigan Exchange, met by arrangement the State Military 
Officers and a large number of leading citizens and capitalists of that city. 

The President of the United States had called upon the State to furnish one 
regiment of infantry fully armed, clothed, and equipped, to aid the Government 
in suppressing tlie existing rebellion. It was then estimated that $100,000 
would be at once required for this purpose, but the treasury was comparatively 
empty, and the condition of the State finances was such that this pressing call 
could not be immediately met. When this condition of affairs was laid before 
the meeting by the Hon. John Owen, State Treasurer, a resolution was 
unhesitatingly passed pledging Detroit to loan the State $50,000, at the same 
time calling upon the State generally to make a like advance. At this meet- 
ing a subscription paper was at once circulated, and $23,000 pledged by those 
present, and to complete the whole amount committees were appointed to 
solicit further subscriptions in the city. Such prompt and liberal action could 
not fail to be successful, and furnished the sinews of war for the time being at 
least. Mr. Owen, with these pledges of the people in hand, coupled with his 
own good credit, succeeded in negotiating a loan which was mostly taken by 
our own citizens, sufficient to warrant the Executive to undertake uniforming 
and equi})ping troops. The amounts thus raised, as well as all other indebted- 
ness incurred in like manner, were assumed by the State on the assembling of 
the Legislature. 

The necessity for such action on the part of citizens of Michigan, when con- 
trasted with the present substantial condition of the State, financially, sets 
forth in the strongest light her rapid advance in prosperity and wealth, even 
in the face of a large war debt, which is now virtually canceled. 

Following is a list of tin- rii;bscnbers referred to, with the dtites at which 
their subscriptions were made ; 
3 



18 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 
LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS. 



DATE. 


NAME AND RESID] 


ENCE. Amount. 


Date. 


NAME AND RESI 


DENCE. Amount. 


1861. 






1861. 




^ 


AprU 20 


J. V. CampbeU, Del 


roit... |500 


April 23 


Cobb & Pettee, B. 


ittle C'k $25 


«< 


David Preston, ' 


' --- 100 


" 


Sutton & Co., 


25 


" 


E. J. Penniman, Ply 


mouth. 500 


<i 


Stone & Hyatt, 


25 


i< 


J. Shearer, 


100 


" 


L. B. Clapp, 


25 


(( 


Henry Fraliok, 


100 


" 


V. P. Collier, 


50 


'« 


D. B. Duffield, Detrc 


)it 75 


" 


T. W. Hall, 


25 


" 


G. B. Murray, Mars 


hall... 25 


<< 


Thomas Hart, 


50 


« 


J. Huff Jones, Detro 


it 26 


« 


James D. La Bar, 


50 


<< 


Jacob Beeson, " 


250 


<( 


Wm. Wallace, 


25 


" 


K. E. Eoberts, 


50 


" 


M. Neal & Co., 


25 


April 22 


Gabriel Young, Plyi 


nouth. 50 


(< 


W. C. Hamblin, 


25 


" 


Thomas B. Gorton, 


100 


<( 


S. Eeed, 


25 


" 


Charles A. Frisbie, 


50 


<i 


W. H. Skinner, 


25 


" 


Charles H. Bennett 


100 


" 


Eichmond & Backus 


,,Detroit 50 


" 


George F. Porter, D 


etroit. 250 


" 


W. H. Earse & Son 


, " 50 


" 


Philo Parsons, 


1,000 


" 


G. W. Balch, 


100 


" 


T. E. Spence, 


100 




Erastus Hussey, B 


ittle C'k 50 


" 


H. P. Baldwin, 


" 500 




F. M. Sanderson, 


50 


'< 


S. Conant, 


500 


(< 


J. P. Buckley, 


25 


" 


E. M. Clark, 


100 




0. S. Morton, 


50 


" 


E. A. Brush, 


500 


" 


G. W. Wakefield, 


50 


" 


C. C. Trowbridge, 


250 




D. 1 hompson, Det 


roit... 500 


" 


Parsons & Johnson, 


500 




A. Dudgeon, " 


300 


" 


James Shearer, 


50 




E. F. Titus, Battle 


Creek.. 25 


" 


J. L. Whiting & Co., 


25 


•' 


B. F. Hinman, 


100 


" 


H. Hallock, 


50 




H. F. Hinman, 


50 


»' 


S. Freedman & Bro. 


, " 250 




E. W. Pendill, 


100 


" 


W. A. Butler, 


500 




CM. Basil, 


25 


<( 


A. Chapoton, 


100 


April 25 


Jno. Barbour, 


50 


" 


F. Buhl, 


500 




Alonzo Noble, 


100 


" 


J. M. Berrien, 


250 




Charles Coy, 


25 


— — n 


Lewis Cass, 


1,500 




J. P. Mark ham, 


50 


" 


J. 0. Seeley, Kalam 


azoo . . 50 




K. Whiteomb, 


25 


" 


Babcock &'Cobb, 


" .. 250 




Ed. Packer, 


100 


" 


W. L. Booth, 


" .. 50 




Wm. Merritt, 


25 


" 


H. E. Hascall, 


" .. 100 




Aleck Eowley, 


25 


" 


Eoberts & Hillhouse, 


" .. 25 




W.& F.W.Brooks, 


100 


" 


G. H. Gale, 


'* .. 100 




A. L. Clark, 


100 


" 


E. Bennett 


" .- 25 




C. Buckley. 


100 


" 


G. W. Park, 


" .. 100 




W. B. Wesson, Det 


roit 200 


" 


J. J. Perrin, 


" .. 100 




Theo. H. Eaton, 


" 500 


" 


0. M. Giddiugs, 


•• .. 100 




H. P. Bridge, 


" 150 


" 


Wm. Sprague, 


" .. 100 




Geo. Kirby, 


" 200 


" 


M. Cohen, 


" -. 25 




Jackson & Wiley, 


" 150 


" 


S. W. Walker, 


'* .. 100 




G. M. Fisher, 


" .... 500 


(< 


H. G. Wells, 


" .. 100 




Aus^. Button, Trer 


iton 200 


April 23 


C. I. Walker, Detroi 


t 150 




G. B. Slocum, 


" .... 200 


" 


Eandolph Manning, I 


'ontiac l.OliO 




John Clee, 


" 100 


" 


0. Hessolbacker, De 


troit.. 35 




E. E. Phelps, 


" .... 25 


" 


Eobert Lhm, 


100 




Wm. Park, 


" 25 


" 


Chas. S. Gray, Battif 


Creek 50 




J. W. Clark, 


" 50 


" 


B. F. Graves, 


25 




J. H. Pringle, 


" .... 50 


<( 


John F. Hinman, 


100 


April 24 


Olney Cook, Detro 


it 25 


<< 


W. H. Eiiymond, 


50 




J. W". Swain, 


500 


" 


T. B. Skinner, 


50 




T. A. Parker, 


250 


K 


L. C. Kellocg, 


100 




J. W. Waterman, " 


2,000 


<l 


C. Buckley, 


1(10 




Alex. Lewis, " 


100 


" 


Wm. Andres, 


1.5 




D. Mcliityi-e, Ann 


Arbor.. 100 


<( 


Barrett & Wakelee, 


50 




H. P. Taj)pan, 


100 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 
LIST OF SUBSCKIBEUS— Continued. 



19 



Date. 


NAME AND RESIDENCE. 


Amount. 


Date. 


NAME AND RESIDENCE. 


Amount. 


1861. 






18G1. 






April 24 


A. D. White, Ann Arbor 


-■^lOO 


April 29 


Jno. Osbom, Tecumseh 


$25 




L. Fasquelle, 




100 


" 


A. S. Lapham & Co., North- 






F. Bronson, 
J. L. Tappan, 


] 


50 
50 


« 


ville 


500 




Sol. Gardner, Northville... 


500 




S. H. Douirlass, 


' 


50 


April 30 


E. Farnsworth, Detroit 


50 




A. B. Palmer, 


' 


100 




AV.H. Parse & Son, " 


50 




Bach & Piorson, 


' 


50 


• 1 


S W. De-xter, Dexter 


50 




E. Lawrence, 


' 


50 




Lewis Cass, Detroit 


1,500 




W. McCrey, 


' 


50 


" 


Timothy Bartlett, Sag. City 


100 




D. Godfrey. 


' 


50 


May 1 


W. A. Butler, Detroit...". 


500 




J. Van Der Walker, 


' 


50 


" 


Herman Keifer, " 


50 




J. "\V. Knight, 


' 


50 


" 


0. Goldsmith, " 


500 




J. B. Gott, 


' 


50 


" 


J. B. Walk.T, Flint 


500 




J. Gilbert Smith, 


' 


50 


" 


H. M. Henderson, Flint... 


500 




Chapin, Wood & Co. 


' 


50 


II 


C. C. Trowbridge, Detroit. 


250 




Volney Chapin, " 


100 


" 


G. F. Porter, 


250 




Mrs. iivman Briggs, Detroit 


100 


" 


State Bank of Mirliigan, 






S. Pitts, 




250 




D»!troit 


500 




Wm. Dyson, 




100 


II 


J. M. Berrien, Detroit 


250 




H. E, Benson, 




250 


" 


Ben. Vernor, " 


100 




James Flattery, 




50 


" 


J. A. Barnes, " 


25 




Duncan Stewart, 




500 


" 


H. E. Benson, " 


250 




N. G. Isbell, 




500 


II 


I. D. Bixby, Kalamazoo... 


50 


April 25 


James Burns & Co., 




250 


II 


Parsons & Wood, '• 


25 


" 


H. Walker, 


50 


" 


Standart & Howard, Kala. 


25 


April 2G 


Woodbury, Potter & Co., 




" 


Samuel Pitts, Detroit 


250 




Kalamazoo 


1,000 


" 


James Stewart, " 


100 


" 


H.A. Hayden & Co., Jackson 


3,000 


II 


Duncan Stewart, " 


500 


" 


Wm. A. Howard, Detroit.. 


500 


" 


C. I. Walker, " 


150 


(> 


P. Tregent, 


25 


May 2 


Shubal Conant, " 


500 


" 


Godfrey, Dean & Laible, 




" 


J.T.WhitingifcCo." 


25 




Detroit 


50 


II 


Jacob Beeson, " 


250 


<< 


Ross Wilkin s, Detroit 


25 


II 


E. M. Clark, " 


100 


April 27 


Chauncey Hurlbut, Detroit 


500 


II 


E. A. Brush, " 


500 


" 


Vincent J. Scott, " 


100 


II 


J. A. Hoys, " 


50 


" 


F. Wetmore, " 


200 


" 


H. H. Emmons, " 


50(1 


" 


Henry Waldron, Hillsdale. 


500 


11 


S. M. Beeson, Niles 


100 


II 


W. M. Fenton, Flint . 




1,000 
500 
500 


II 
II 
II 


H. Hall<ick, Detroit 

J. W. Tillman, " 

H. Walk. a-, 


50 


<i 


W. O'Donoughue, " 
E. H. McQuigg, " 






500 


II 




50 


" 


W. Patterson, " .... 


250 


" 


S. Freedman it Bro., Detroit 


250 


II 


Catherine Jones, Detroit.. 


500 


II 


Neil Gray, Romeo 


1,000 


April 29 


John A. Welles, " 


1,000 


II 


E. W. Giddings, Romeo.. 


200 


" 


Ira Worcester, " 


25 


II 


A. M. Growe, 


100 


" 


E. B. Ward, 


2,5110 


" 


Hugh Gray, 


500 


" 


Austin & Tomlinson, Kala. 


250 


11 


Robert Hamilton, " 


50 


" 


Israel Kellogg & Son 


50 1 


II 


C. B. Newberry, " 


100 


" 


Daniel Cahill, " 


25! 


II 


J. W. Dyer, " .. 


50 


" 


Josiah Judson, " 


25: 


" 


E. S. Snover, " 


100 


" 


W.Hayden & Co.,Tecumseh 


5(iO , 


II 


Elisha Calkin, " 


100 


<i 


A. Liliie, 


100 


II 


J. C. Frink, Marshall .... 


200 


<i 


P. Bills, 


100 


" 


Cock & Thomas, Ktilamazoo 


200 


" 


W. H. Osbom, 


73 


" 


Parsons and Wood, " 


50 


" 


Wm. Richards, " 


25 


II 


L. Hull, 


50 


" 


H. C. Conklin, 


25 


II 


G.W. Bullock. Snginaw City 


100 


" 


Samuel Catlin, " 


25 


<< 


John M.Wheeler, Ann Arbor 


50 


" 


Curtis & Patterson, " 


35 


II 


James Clements, " 


50 


" 


P. R.& P. W.Adams, " 


100 


II 


Chas. 'I'ripp, " 


50 




A. James, " 


25 




W. L. Looniis, " 


50 



20 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 
LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS.— COXTINUED. 



\. 



Date. 


NAME AND RESIDENCE. 


Aiiiciunt. 


1 
Date. 

1861. 


NAME jUSTD RESIDENCE. 


Amount. 


1861. 




- 




May 2 


R. S. Smith, Ann Arbor.. . . 


$50|:May 7 F. Buhl, Detroit 


$500 


" 


Eberbach & Co., 


lOOi'Mav 8 Thos. A. Parker, " .. 


250 


" 


Charles Behr, " 


100 J May 13 Ann Martm, " .. 


200- 


" 


A. De Forest, " 


50'! 


jJames Burns & Co., " 


250 


" 


Wm. Wasyner, " 


100:! 


0. S. GuUey, " .. 


25. 


<< 


C. H. Miller & Co., " 


100 'i 


|J. N. Swain, " 


500 


<< 


James B. Gott, " 


50 li 


IC. & A. Ives, " _. 


500 


" 


S. W. McCreerv, 


50 jl " 


' Scotten. Granger & Lovett, 




" 


S. H. Doufflass, 


50 ! 


Detroit .... ... 


400- 


" 


W. W. Hartshorn, Flint. . . . 


500 , 


T. J. Haly, Kalamazoo 


25 




A. B. Wetherbee, " 


200'! 


E. A. Drurv, Detroit 


100 


" 


W. Patterson, " .. 


50 : May 14' G. M Fisher. " 


500 


May 3 


Buhl & Ducharme, Detroit 


1,000 1 "" iS. R. Mumford, " 


100 




Wm. N. Carpenter, 


100: " ^B. P. Mumford, " 


100 




D. Preston, 


200 " Philo Parsons, " 


1,000 


" 


Parsons & Johnson, " 


5iio : 


Detroit Boat Club." 


7oa 


\ " 


Alfred Sabine, " 


50 i 


Parsons & Wood, Kala'zoo 


25 


•_' 


B. G. Stout, Pontiac 


250 :i 


A. H. Dev, Detroit 


500 


" 


Cobb & Fisher, Kalamazoo 


100 I ! May 15 S. W. Dexter, Dexter 


50 


" 


P. C. Davis. 


30 1; '' 


K. B. Benton, " 


25 


" 


H. E. Hascall, 


100 :: 


Ed. Litchfield, " 


25 


" 


L. W. Perrin, " 


25 ij 


H.J.Phelps, " 


50 


" 


W. E. White, 


25:! 


D. Warner, " 


50 


(1 


Jno. P. Leroy, Pontiac . . . 


100 i 


G. & R. McMillan, Detroit. 


100 


II 


Rob't Blackwood, Northville 


75 '1 


Hector Wager, Kalamazoo. 


50 


" 


J. C. Kevins, 


50 ' " 


John M. Cook, Flat Rock.. 


500 


" 


J. P. Donaldson, " 


50;! 


E. L. Clark, Adrian . 


1,000 




J. W. Begole, Flint 


200 !i May 16 Alfred Latta, Kalamnzoo... 


49 


May i 


A. Siieley, Detroit 


500 Ij May 17 H. P. Bridge, Detroit 


150 




IloliertLinn, " 


100 ji " G. W. Winslow, Kalamazoo 


30 




J. M. Howard, " 


200! May 18 JohnLewis (colored) Adiian 


500 


" 


S. Sykes&Co.," 

Geo. E. Hand, " 


100 jl •" 


Samuel Jordan, " 
James F. Joy, Detroit 


100 


'* 


500 |i Way 20 


1,000 


II 


D. C. Buckland, Pontiac. 


200 !j 


Morgan Curtis, Kalamazoo 


50 


" 


Alfred J. Boss, " 


2501: May 21 


Henry Waldron, Hillsdale.. 


500 


" 


A. W. Brockway, " 


250!! May 20 


Charles Moran, Detroit 


1.000 


" 


J. W. Begole, Flint. 


501 


May 22,Geo. F. Tregent, " .... 


36 




P. Den Bleyder, Kalamazoo 


200 1 


ID. F. Dwight, " 


25 


May 6 


George Dorr, Detroit 


100 


May 23 Ehsha Cram, f.itchfield 


25 


May 11 


W. B. Clark, Kalamazoo . 


100 


May 24| Henry Ci'oss, Ann Arbor... 


50 


" 


Godfrey, Dean & Luible, 


1 


" 


Charles Tripp, " 


50 




Detroit . 


50j • " ; 


Volney Chapin, " 


100 


" 


R. C. Luce, Grand Rapids . 


lOOi 


A. H. Brockway, Sag. City 


50 


" 


Ferry & Son, Grand Haven 


500 May 25 


W. C. Gardner," Northville'. 


50 


" 


Jno. W. Hopkins, 


100' 


W. T. Johnson, 


50 


" 


Robert Howlett, ' ' 


100; 


F. Barrett, 


50 


" 


Cutler & Hart, 


50 1 


E. T. Mills, Kalamazoo 


25 


" 


HenryBrovvn<MitCo. " 


50 1 May 27 


Robert McClelian, Detroit. 


500 


" 


Mrs. JParmelia Parr, " 


100 j.May 28! 


W. H. Boyd, Monroe 


500 


" 


Wm. Wallace, 

Mrs. Ja.s. Taylor, Kala'zoo 


100 j " ! 
50 


J. Sill, Kalamazoo 


50 


May 6 


Hector ^Vager, Kalamazoo. 


50 


" 


James Taylor', 


200' May 29 


F. S. Crisnian, Romeo. . .. 


50 


" 


James A. Walter, " 


100; 


John Smith, Jr., Bruce . . 


200 


May 8 


Silas Hubbard, " 


100 !May 30 


W. H. Osborn, Tecumseh.. 


25 


" 


T. W. Wilcox, 


25 May 31 


Scotten, Granger & Lovett, 




" 


E, 0. Humphrey, 


50 


Detroit 


300 


May 10 


John F. Gilkey, " 


100 June 1 


G. I. Fellers, Detroit 


50 


May 11 


Geo. W. Loe, Howell 


500 I ! June 4 


Abrara Powell, Romeo 


50 


May 6 


Iheo. H. Eaton, Detroit.. 


500 


Eba Dennis, " 


50 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 
LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS— Continued. 



21 



Date. 


NAME AND RESIDENCE. 


Amount 


Datk. 


NAME AND RESIDENCE. 


AllKHltlt 


June 4 


John Frisman, Romeo 


^100 


June 14 


Philo Dibble, Marshall 


•tioo 


May 8 


G. B. Truax, Trenton 


100' 




J. D. Wooley, 


50 


June 4 


G. B. Tmax, " 


50 1 




S. S. Lacv, " 


10(1 


" 


M. Israel, Kalamazoo . 


100 




M. H. Cram, 


100 


May 30 


Baldwin & Strong, Tecum- 






E. L. Badger, 


10(1 




seh ' . . . . 


50 




-aiinnd Thomas, " 


10(1 


" 


Thos. Dickson, Tecumseh 


25; 




Jo.shih Leppcr, " 


10(] 


June 5 


J. A. Sibbald, Joiiesville . . 


50 




S. V. R. Le|iper, " 


25 


" 


J. Smith (trustee). Sag. City 


43 




Z. M. Lester, " 


50 


June 8 


John P. Clark, Detroit... 


500 




(ieo. H. Barber, " 


25 


June 10 


David Cooper, " 


500 




E. Corning & Co., " 


25 


" 


0. C. Tliompson, " .... 


100 




A. Brosie, " 


100 


" 


Jonathan Par.sons, Kal'zoo 


50 




P. Mitchell, 


100 


June 11 


W. S. Wood, Detroit 


50 




J. L. Kvans, " 


25 


" 


E. Farnsworth, " 


50 




Cutler & Hart. G'd Haven. 


100 


(< 


W. H. Brown, Marshall... 


100 




L. H. Sears, Jackson .. .. 


200 


(< 


H. 0. Hitciicock, Kala'zoo. 


27 


June 19 


Aimon Perkins, YpsihMiti.. 


50 


" 


John Hull, Dexter 


30 ! 


June 20 


Wm. Savaii;e, Jonesville... 


50 


June 12 


Jackson & Wiley, Detroit.. 


150 


June 27 


Neil O'Hearn, Green Oak.. 


50 


June 13 


Marv E. Armstrong, " 


200 


<« 


E. C. Seaman, Ann Aibor.. 


50 


" 


,M. S. Dean, Marshall 


50 


June 29 


MaryE. Armstrong, Detroit 


100 


June 14 


John Cook, Flat Rock. ... 


500 


" 


HiMiry P(Mifield, Jonesville. 


30 


" 


E. L. Crocker, Marshall.. 


25, 


July 1 


Samuel WJiite, Northville.. 


100 


<( 


S. A. Tyler, 


250 


July 8 


H. J P.Mfin, Marshall 


1,000 


<< 


M. D. Strong, 


1-25 


(< 


Daniel Hiscock, Ann Arbor 


100 


(I 


Ira Nash, " 


100 


<( 


Bach »t Pierson, " 


50 


ti 


S. AV. Dodge, 


100 


i< 


A. B. Palmer, 


100 


" 


Chares Kitlam, " 


25 


July 15 


F. Nevina, Detroit 


50 


f< 


M. Hoi-rigan, " 


25 


July 16 


Scotten, Granger & Lovett, 




<i 


Seth Lewis, " 


100 




Detroit .... .... 


300 


(i 


D. S. Beach, 


50 


May 20 


John J. Adam, Tecnms(>h . 


500 


" 


C. H. Cook, 


25 


May 15 


E. 0. Grosvenor, Jonesville 


500 


(C 


C. P. Dibble, 
A. T. Vary, 


100 
50, 








" 






!?81,020 



On April 16 a proclamation was issued by the Governor calling for ten com- 
panies of volunteers, and directing the Adjutant General to accept the first ten 
that should offer, and making it the duty of that officer to issue all necessary 
orders, and give such instructions in detail as might be required. The move- 
ment thus inaugurated was at once successful, the companies responding most 
promptly, the tender of troops far exceeding the number required by the gen- 
oral Government, and thus all the duties of the hour were promptly met and 
discharged. 

Note. — The following telegram vi'as sent over the wires, in the form given below, and 
■delivered to the Adjutant- General of Michigan with gieat secrecy. It is inserted for the 
the purpose of showing the agitation and distrust manifested among the Western people 
In the early days of the war. The Illinois Central Railroad Company, at whose instance 
the dispatch was made, feared a raid on their line, and were preparing to meet it : 

Chicago, April — , 1861. 
Others and, Chicago Mayor, Governor our by signed Blair Governor to directed mes- 
sage have, secret profound a this keep to and, want immediate in are we, us to them 
bring will Central Michigan, Adjutant-General tell, once at, them have they if, Michigan 
from arms of stand tliousand live or one wants Governor our. (Juns no but, ready ai'e 
troops. Borders own our on invasion suppress to troops send to orders have State our. 



2Z MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

The Governor had also issued a proclatnation on April 2d, convening the 
Legislature in extra session at Lansing on the 7th of May. The Legislature 
met pursuant to the call, when a stirring address was delivered by the Gov- 
ernor, in which he gave a detail of the work already accomplished, aoji at the 
same time asked the Legislature to legalize his past action, and to invest the 
State authorities with sufficient power for the future. 

A session of four days resulted in the passage of laws endorsing the acts of 
the Governor, and clothing him with full authority to raise ten regiments;, 
also to effect a loan of one million dollars, which was speedily accomplished. 

The Legislature, fully appreciating the patriotic and perilous services 
required of the troops, and the sacrifices which must be made by their families 
in their absence, especially as to a means of support, and at the same time 
anticipating that some might be unprovided for, or might be left in want by the 
contingencies or casualties of war, wisely enacted the ''Soldiers' Belief Law,"^ 
to contribute aid to their families by counties; this allowance to be made in the 
discretion of the supervisors according to circumstances, but not to exceed 
fifteen dollars a month, and in case of the death of a soldier, to continue one 
year thereafter. 

This relief was unquestionably administered with that generous liberality 
which the law contemplated. Yet the duty was neither easy nor desirable, as 
it required much labor, good judgment, discrimination, and delicacy, at the 
same time giving opportunity for much censure. While imposition on the 
counties had to be guarded against, respect for the claims of applicants wa& 
demanded, and in its distribution there was a degree of delicacy requisite in 
barring the least idea of a charity, and in establishing one of a right. 

The Quartermaster General, J. H.Fountain, a faithful and energetic officer, 
who had been appointed in March, was charged with clothing, equipping, and 
subsisting the troops on contracts made by the "Military Contract Board, "^ 
organized May 15th by Legislative authority, and composed of Colonels E. O. 
Grosvenor, Jonesville; Jerome Croul, Detroit; and William Hammond, 
Tekonsha. Individual ability -and great energy, coupled with exemplary 
economy, characterized this Board, relieving the Quartermaster General of 
much labor and responsibility. 

General A. S. Williams and Colonel H. M. Whittlesey, of Detroit, Colonel 
A. W. Williams, of Lansing, and Col. C. W. Leffingwell, of Grand Rapids, 
constituted the State Military Board, with the Adjutant General and Quarter- 
master General as members ex officio. 

Colonel William M. Fenton, of Flint, was in June following appointed a 
member of the Board in place of Colonel Williams, who had gone to the field 
with the Second Infantry. Soon after, Colonel Fenton entered the service as 
Colonel of the Eighth Infantry, and was succeeded by Colonel E. H. Thomson, 
of Flint, who, on the 13th of August, was elected President of the Board. 

Jabez H. Fountain, of Manchester, was commissioned Quartermaster Gen- 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 23 

eral April Ist, 1861, serving until March 25th, 1863, and was a faithful and 
energetic oflBcer. 

Friend Palmer, of Detroit, was appointed Assistant Quartermaster General 
in May following. His experience of several years in the Quartermaster's 
department of the regular army rendered him a valuable oflScer, and to him 
the State was greatly indebted for the efficient and economical direction given 
to the administration of that department. 

General William Hammond succeeded General Fountain March 25th, 1863, 
and served until March 25th, 18(J5, when he was relieved by the appointment of 
General 0. N. Giddings of Kalamazoo. Both these officers served with marked 
ability and faithfulness. General Giddings having resigned in March, 1867, 
was succeeded by General Palmer, who served until September, 1870. 

On the 21st of May, 1861, Colonel James E. Pittman, of Detroit, was 
appointed State Paymaster, and served in that capacity, making large dis- 
bursements, as pay to troops while in the service of the State, a duty which he 
faithfully performed. He was also a member of the State Military Board 
from September 19th, 1861, until November 1st, 1862, when he was appointed 
Inspector General of the State, serving until March, 1867. 

At the commencement of the war General Jno. Kobertson held the appoint- 
ment of Adjutant General of the State, has served continuously since that 
time, and is now in service in that capacity. 

Captain Heber LeFavour was appointed Assistant Adjutant General April 
Ist, 1861, which appointment he held until June 15th following, when he was 
commissioned as a Captain in the Fifth Michigan Infantry, and took the field 
with that regiment. Captain DeGarmo Jones succeeded him and served until 
May 6th, 1862, when he resigned. Both these officers served with marked 
efficiency. 

Colonel Frederick Morley was commissioned May 6, 1862, as Assistant 
Adjutant General, serving with eminent ability and distinction, until March 
11, 1865, rendering arduous and valuable service to the State. 

The President's call upon Michigan for troops was promptly met by the 
muster in of the First Regiment and its early movement to the seat of war, in 
Virginia. 

In the meantime, authority had been received from the War Department to 
raise three other regiments, but at the same time stating that it was "impor- 
tant to reduce rather than increase that number." This authority only cov- 
ered the 2d, 8d, and 4th Infantry, already in process of recruitment, while 
many companies throughout the State, not included in the organizations 
referred to, had been recruited without authority in the hope of obtaining 
place in those or other regiments, but were disappointed, and most of them 
souglit and found service in the troops of other States. 

This limited policy of the government was extremely at variance with the 
views of Governor Blair regarding the necessities of the country at the time, 



34 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

and deeming immediate preparation to meet emergencies necessary, he estab- 
lished the "Camp of Instruction" referred to in the second part of this work. 

The great pressure for the acceptance of companies continued unabated, 
while the applications for appointments as commissioned officers had4:eached 
the maximum, and the Governor was continuously importuned by influential 
citizens of both political parties to a most unbearable degree, while men were 
being forced by them upon his attention for favorable consideration, regardless 
of natural or acquired qualifications for the place. In fact, this continued 
durmg the entire earlier part of the war, and although much care was uni- 
formly exercised in making selections, both as to original appointment and 
promotion in the field, it is but reasonable to expect that some mistakes were 
made. 

In his perplexing and responsible position. Governor Blair always recognized 
qualifications for the office, and loyalty to the cause, as the tests, more than 
personal friendship or political status. 

Under a law of Congress of August 3d, the President was authorized to 
receive into service 500,000 volunteers, and while the proportion of Michigan 
was understood to be 19,500, the State was charged with 21,337 on an adjust- 
ment of credits. 

Michigan, in response to this requisition, continued a vigorous recruitment, 
sending regiment after regiment to the field, and up to December, 18(51, had 
sent to the front 13 regiments of infantry, 3 of cavalry, and 5 batteries of light 
artillery, with a total strength of 16,475 officers and men. Ten of these regi- 
ments, one battery, and one company had been subsisted, clothed, and i)artly 
armed by the State. In addition to this, 13 companies had gone into service 
in regiments of other States, failing, as before stated, to find service in those 
of their own. 

Governor Blair, on January 2d, 1862, delivered his message to the Legisla- 
ture, then in extra session, from which the following extract is made, and 
which was accepted at the time as an expression of the people of the State on 
the war question : 

"I cannot close this brief address without an illusion to the great object 
1;hat occupies all men's minds. The Southern rebellion still maintains a bold 
front against the Union armies. That is the cause of all our complications 
.abroad and our troubles at home. To deal wisely with it is to find a sliort and 
■easy deliverance from them all. The people of Michigan are no idle specta- 
tors of this great contest. They have furnished all the troops required of 
them, and are preparing to pay the taxes and to submit to the most onerous 
burdens without a murmur. They are ready to increase their sacrifices, if 
need be, to require impossibilities of no man, but to be patient and wait. But 
to see the vast armies of the Republic, and all its pecuniary resources used to 
protect and sustain the accursed system which has been a perpetual and tyran- 
nical disturber, and which now makes sanguinary war upon the Union and the 
Constitution, is precisely what they will never submit to tamely. The loyal 
States having furnished adequate means, both of men and money, to crush the 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 26 

rebellion, have a right to expect those men to be used with the utmost vigor to 
accomplish the object, and that without any mawkish sympathy for the inter- 
est of traitors in arms. Upon those wlio caused the war, and now maintain 
it, its chief buidens ought to fall. No property of a rebel ought to be free 
from confiscation — not even the sacred slave. The object of war is to destroy 
the power of the enemy, and whatever measures are calculated to accomplish 
that object, aud are in accordance with the us;iges of civilized nations, ought to 
be employed. To undertake to put down a powerful rebellion, and, at the same 
time, to save and protect all the chief souices of the power of that rebellion, 
seems to common minds but a short remove from simple folly. He who is not 
for the Union, unconditionally, in this mortal struggle is against it. The 
highest dictates of patriotism, justice, and humanity, combine to demand that 
the war should be conducted to a speedy close upon principles of the most 
heroic energy and retributive power. The time for gentle dalliance has long 
since passed away. We meet an enemy, vindictive, bloodthirsty, and cruel, 
profoundly in earnest, inspired with an energy and self-sacrifice which would 
honor a good cause, respecting neither laws, constitutions, nor historic mem- 
ories, fanatically devoted only to his one wicked pur})()se to destroy the 
Government and establish his slaveholding oligarchy in its stead. To treat 
this enemy gently is to excite his derision. To protect his slave property is to 
help him to butcher our people and burn our houses. No. He must be met 
with an activity and a purpose equal to his own. Hurl the Union forces, which 
outnumber him two to one, upon his whole line like a thunderbolt; pay them 
out of his property, feed them from his granaries, mount them upon his 
horses, and carry them in his wagons, if he has any, and let him feel the full 
force of the storm of war which he has raised. I would apologize neither to 
Kentucky nor anybody else for these measures, but quickly range all neutrals 
either on the one side or the other. Just a little of the courage and ability 
which carried Napoleon over the Alps, dragging his cannon through the snow, 
would quickly settle this contest, and settle it right. If our soldiers must die, 
do not let it be of the inactivity and diseases of camps, but let them at least 
have the satisfaction of falling like soldiers, amid the roar of battle, and hear- 
ing the shouts of victory; then will they welcome it as the tired laborer 
•welcomes sleep. Let us hope that we have not much longer to wait." 

Equally estimating with the Governor the great emergencies and necessities 
of the country, the Legislature, with firmness and pluck worthy of the people 
which they represented, passed with much uhanimity the following well-timed 
and eminently proper joint resolution in reference to the rebellion : 

"Whereas, The Government of the United States is engaged in putting 
down a causeless and wicked rebellion against its authority and sovereignty, 
inaugurated by ambitious men to obtain political power, — a Government, the 
safety and perpetuity of which must ever rest upon the loyalty of its citizens 
and un adherence to the Constitution ; 

** And Whereas, The welfare of mankind, the usefulness and power of the 
Nation are involved in the events and issues of the present conflict ; therefore, 
be it 

"7]^eso?ye^ (the House concurring), That Michigan, loyal to herself and to 
the Federal Government, reaffirms lier undying hostility to traitors, her abid- 
ing love for freedom, and her confidence in the wisdom and patriotism of the 
National Administration. 



26 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

^* Resolved (the House concurring), that the people of Michigan deem it the 
imperative duty of the Government to speedily put down all insurrection 
against its authority and sovereignty, by the use of every constitutional niean8, 
and by the employment of every energy it possesses; that Michigan stands 
firm in her determination to sustain, by men and treasure, the Con«Litution 
and the Union, and claims that the burtben of loyal men should be lightened, 
as far as possible, by confiscating to the largest extent the property of all 
insurrectionists; and that as between the institution of slavery and the main- 
tenance of the Federal Government, Michigan does not hesitate to say, that in 
such exigency, slavery should be swept from the land, and our country main- 
tained. 

" Resolved, That the Governor be requested to forward a copy of the forego- 
ing preamble and resolutions to each of our Senators and Representatives in 
Congress. 

" Approved January 18, 18(32." 

Kecruiting was being vigorously prosecuted at the commencement of 1862, 
and under most favorable circumstances, brought about to some extent by a 
brisk competition between officers, often leading to various schemes for induc- 
ing recruits to change regiments both before and after muster. A practice then 
considered sharp, but which was neither legitimate nor scarcely honest, but 
still considered by some as evincing a degree of energy, and by some called 
SMART. And although this mode of operating was protested against from 
time to time, and complaints made leading to the publication of orders against 
it, yet it was found impossible to prevent the practice, and it was generally 
excused under a plea of zealous purpose. 

At this time there were in progress of rapid recruitment five regiments of 
infantry and three batteries of artillery. Their completion was most indus- 
triously pushed by the officers engaged, and by the end of March, 1862, they 
had all left the State for the field. 

In addition to these, a Lancer regiment, three companies of Sharp-shooters, 
and a company for service at Mackinac had been organized and mustered into 
service. 

The reports made in July to the Adjutant General's office by the several 
regiments, batteries, and companies, gave an addition of 2,028 recruits to their 
original strength, showing up to July 1st a total enrollment of 24,281 offieeis 
and men since the commencement of the war, which, together with an esti- 
mated number of 1,453 enlistments in companies in service of other States, 
gave 25,734 as a grand total. To this may be added the Lancer regiment dis- 
banded, and the Chandler Horse Guard, making an uggi'egate of nearly 2?,0UO 
men placed in service prior to the 1st of July, 1862; thus exiiibiting u suri»lus 
of over 6,000 over and above the number required to comply with all the 
demands of the Government, and establishing a degree of patriotism and 
promptness unsurpassed by any other State. 

The following is taken from the Red Book of Michigan : 

"During McClellan's disastrous peninsula campaign in May and June, the 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 2? 

Michigan regiments had become much depleted by the usual casualties of ser- 
vice tuid by wounds, disease, and death, wliilst recruiting had etitirelv failed in 
the State. Tlie l?th Infantry was then organizing, and it was found almost 
in) possible to obtain men for its completion, and recruits for regiments in the 
field could not be enlisted under any circumstances. 

"This fearful condition of affairs had assumed so formidable a shape as to 
make it necessary to hold public meetings in some localities of the State to 
stimulate the peoiile to more energy in the cause of tiie Union, and especially 
in recruiting for the regiments in the field. A public meeting for that pur- 
pose was called in Detroit, to be held in the afternoon of Tuesday, tlie 15th 
July, and on assembling on the Campus Martins in accordance with the call, 
ai,d while the business in view was being proceeded with the gathering was 
surprised by a mob of men, who furiously interrupted the deliberations and 
entirely broke up and disj)ersed the meeting, driving the ofiicers from the 
stand, and compelling some of them to seek shelter and safety in the Russell 
House, a hotel adjacent to the Campus Martins. Tlie exhibition of this rebel 
spirit in our midst proved of immediate and lasting advantage to the cause of 
the army in the field, for it aroused such a feeling of indignation at tliese dis- 
loyal and treasonable operations, and such utter contempt for the ruffians who 
had been thus engaged, that the masses of the respectable citizens of both 
political parties determined that such proceedings should not be tolerated in 
Detroit, and therefore next day a meeting was appointed for Tuesday, the '22d 
of July, to carry out the objects of the previous meeting, and for ttie further 
purpode of maintaining the right of citizens to hold such meetings without 
interference or molestation. An immense gathering assembled under the call, 
severely rebuking the disloyal element, and with unbounded enthusiasm avow- 
ing a most faithful and persistent support; of the war, and pledging, with 
prodigal liberality, means and personal encouragement, and adopting instant 
nuasures for the recruitment of the regiments of the State, and urging the 
immediate reinforcement of the armies of the Union.'* 

This prompt and decided action of the citizens had the desired effect, giving 
recruiting new life and energy, and served to end all demonstrations in the 
metropolis of the State opposing the raising of men for the armies in the field. 

The meetitig referred to was held on the date stated, and although its intent 
was to affect the recruiting for regiments generally, yet much attention was 
given to the recruitment of the 24th Regiment, the raising of which had 
already been assigned to Henry A. Morrow, who liad received the appointment 
of Lieutenant Colonel of the regnnent. 

This meeting was made up of the most respectable and influential citizens 
of both political parties, and the speeches were of a very patriotic character, 
strongly condemning the dastardly action of a disloyal element which niani- 
fested itself at the former meeting called for the same purpose, and which was 
broken u|) by a mob, and its objects entirely frustrated. Tliis so thoroughly 
aroused public indignation that the masses turned out in their strength with a 
determination that it should not be interfered with, even if forcible measures 
should have to be resorted to in enforcing order. 

The meeting was also held with a view to devise ways and means to assist in 
raising the quota of men which Detroit was required to furnish. 



28 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

Early in the afternoon processions of mechanics from foundries, machine 
shops and ship yards, began to assemble on the Campus Martins, around the 
stand which had been erected for the speakers, where a band of music was dis- 
coursing patriotic airs. Then the citizens generally came in crowds frem their 
offices, shops, and stores. When the hour for which the meeting was appointed 
had arrived, the ground was covered for acres with a living, enthusiastic mass, 
breathing the strongest patriotism. They had come as determined men — they 
had come for a purpose, and with the intention of accomplishing what they 
■came for. 

Tlie meeting was called to order by E. 0. Walker, Esq., who nominated the 
Hon. William 0. Duncan, then Mayor of the city, as President, who was 
ohosen unanimously. Hon. John Owen then named the following gentlemen 
as Vice Presidents: 

Hon. Lewis Cass, Hon. Koss Wilkins, Hon. Benjamin F. Witherell, Rt. Rev. 
Samuel A. McCoskry, Rt. Rev. P. P. Lefevre, Shubael Conant, William Bar- 
-clay, Charles C. Trowbridge, Col. J. V. Ruehle, Duncan Stewart, Alderman 
Joseph Godfrey, Alderman J. AV. Purcell, Alderman James Shearer, Cyrus W. 
Jackson, Adam Elder, Gordon Campbell, Edward Kanter, Charles Kellogg, 
Fred. Behr, Alexander Chapoton, Charles Busoh, Hugh Moffat, Fred. Buhl and 
Neil Flattery. 

The following were made Secretaries: Stanley G. Wight and C. "W^ood Davis. 

The President introduced the subject to the meeting in an a))propi'iate ad- 
dress. 

At the former meeting a committee to draft resolutions to submit to the 
people had been appointed, composed of Thomas M. McEntee, D. Bethune 
Duffield, William A. Moore, Dewitt C. Holbrook, William P. Yerkes, Chaun- 
<3ey Hurlbut and Henry A. Morrow. 

Mr. McEntee then lead the lesolutions, which were unanimously adopted. 
They breathed a most loyal spirit, a genuine patriotism, and suggested the 
■consideration of certain measures, in favor of raising means, both by the city 
government and by the citizens. 

Eloquent speeches were made of a highly patriotic order by Col. Henry A. 
Morrow, Gen. Lewis Cass, Mark Flanigan, appointed Major of the 24th, Dun- 
can Stewart, C. L Walker, Halmer H. Emmons, and James F. Joy. 

When Mr. Joy closed, the President was about putting the motion to adjourn, 
when Mr. Emmons started and read, with thrilling effect, the following verses, 
and at the end of each stanza cheer upon cheer went up : 

We are coming. Father Abraham — three hundred thousand more, 

From Mississippi's winding stream and from New England's shore; 

We leave our plows and workshops, our wives and children dear. 

With hearts too full for utterance, with but a silent tear; 

We dare not look behind us, but steadfastly before — 

We are coming. Father Abraham — tinee hundred thousand more! 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 3& 

If you look across the hill-tops that meet the northern sky, 

Long moving lines of rising dust your vision may descry; 

And^'now the wind, an instant, tears the cloudy veil aside. 

And aoats aloft our spangled tlag in glory and in pride ; 

And bayonets in the sunlight gleam, and bands brave music pour— 

We are coming, Father Abraham— three hundred thousand more I 

If you look all up our valleys, where the growing harvests shine, 
• You may see our sturdy farmer-boys fast forming into line ; 

And children, from their mothers' knees, are pulling at the weeds, 
And learning how to reap and sow, against their country's needs ; 
And a farewdl group stands weeping at every cottage door— 
We are coming, Father Abraham— three hundred thousand more ! 

You have called us, and we're coming, by Richmond's bloody tide, 
To lay us down, for freedom's sake, our brothers' bones beside; 
Or from foul treason's savage grasp to wrench the murderous blade. 
And in the face of foreign foes its fragments to parade. 
Six hundred thousand loyal men and true have gone before— 
We are coming, Father Abraham— three hundred thousand more I 

Another attempt at adjournment was made, and again was vetoed. Colonel 
Morrow making the following announcements, which were received with cheers 
in every instance, showing most fully the spirit of the community in a financial 
point of view : 

John J. Bagley announces that he will give $10 to each man from the Third 
Ward who will enlist in the 24th regiment. ,,,-,, 

Mr. Gordon Campbell will give $10 to each man in the Tenth Ward who 
enlists in my regiment. . , j- 

I now declare that I want you to leave your spades at home, for no man m 
my recriment shall dig a ditch if there is a negro to be had in the country. 

Stanley G. Wight offers $10 to every man who enlists in the ^-Ith from the 
Tenth Ward. .,^ ^^^ ^ , , 

James F. Joy requests me to state that he will pay $.0 to each man who 
enlists in my regiment from the First Ward. 

Duncan Stewart generously purposes, in addition to offers already made by 
him, to give $10 to each man who enlists in my regiment from the Fust Ward. 

Each man wlio enlists in my regiment from the Second Ward, will receive 
from John Owen the sum of $10. . 

1 am requested to state that (Japt. E. B. Ward, in addition to other contri- 
butions, will pay $10 to every man who will enlist in my regmient from the 
Ninth Ward. ^ .,^^ , 

Hon. Wm. C. Duncan, our worthy mayor, proposes to pay ^10 to eacli man 
who enlists in the 2Uh from the First Ward. 

Charles C. Trowbridge will pay $10 to each man who enlists m my regiment 
from the Seventh Ward. 

I am requested to state that Alexander Chapotou will pay to each man who 
enlists in my regiment, from the Third Ward, the sum of $10. 

Colonel N. Prouty will pay #10 to each man who enlists in the 24th from 
the Eighth Ward. 



30 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

James Shearer offers to pay $10 to each man who enlists in my regiment from 
the Sixth Ward. 

H. P. Baldwin offers $10 to each man who enlists in my regiment from the 
Fifth Ward. 

Duncan Stewart, in addition to his other propositions, offers $l0^to each 
man enlisting in my reginxMit from the Eighth Ward. 

Now, gentlemen, help me to get up the regiment: I want to be off. [Great 
Applause.] 

Captain Ward further proposes to pay $10 to each man who enlists in my 
regiment from the Fourth Ward. 

I am requested to state that Cyrus W. Jackson will pay $10 to each man 
who enlists in the 24th from the Eighth Ward. 

Colonel Ruehle, on being requested to say a few words, remarked that he 
had just returned from the war. He found the impression prevailing that the 
Army of the Potomac had been all cut to pieces and badly wiiipped. This was 
not so. [Applause.] Any private in that army, if told that McClellan had 
been defeated, would feel insulted and indignantly deny the assertion. He had 
a son and two nephews in the Army of the Union, and he had been in. 
He was willing to go again. [Applause.] We wanted men, we tnust have 
them. Even when the rebels were conquered it would require a large army to 
keep them in subjection. The Government must be preserved in its integrity, 
all party ties and party feeling must be forgotten, and all men rally as one, 
until the glorious old flag floats triumphant from every hill-top and in every 
valley. 

The meeting then adjourned amid the heartiest enthusiasm, though an- 
nouncements were made before the crowd dispersed that D. M. Kichardson and 
J. E. King, of the Ninth AVard, would each contribute $5 to every man enlist- 
ing in Colonel Morrow's regiment from that ward, and that J. W. Frisbie, Jr., 
would give $5 to each man enlisting in the same regiment from the Fifth 
Ward, which announcements were received with cheers. 

The bounties offered at the meeting would sum up to each man as follows: 

First Ward, 830; Second Ward, $10; Third Ward, $t>0 ; Fourth Ward, $10; 
Fifth Ward, $15; Sixth Ward, $10; Seventh Ward, $20; Eighth Ward, $25; 
Ninth Ward, $20; Tenth Ward, $10. 

In addition, Mr. F. Buhl stated that he would pay $1 to each man who 
enlisted from the city of Detroit. 

Mr. G. McDonald, laboring man who earned his daily bread by hard toil, 
offered to contribute $50 toward raising half a company in the First Ward. 

The following from Bishop Lefevre, of the Roman Catholic Church, was 
read at the close of the meeting : 

Detroit, July 23, 1862. 
H. H. Emmons and Otliers : 

Deak Siks — I am greatly obliged by the kind invitation you this morning 
extended to me in behalf of the citizens you lepresented, to act as one of the 
Vice Presidents of the proposed meeting this afternoon. My engagements will 
prevent my being with you, but I avail myself of this opportunity to repeat my 
often expressed opinions in relation to the necessity of immediate action oa 
the part of all our people, irrespective of creeds and party divisions. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 31 

The object of your meeting has my warmest sympathies, and I take great 
pleasure in iissuring my fellow-citizens that with n)uch opportunity for observa- 
tion I can k'lun of no difference of opinion in regard to it. All, without 
exception, seem determined to sustain our Government. I do most sincerely 
hope that, to .-ittain this great end, all differences of opinion relative to the 
means to accomplish it will be harmonized or abandoned. 

I am, yours, etc., 

P. B. LEFEVRE. 

The influence of this meeting spread throughout the State, greatly aiding in 
the lecruitment of seven otlier regiments, besides the 24th, viz. : 17th, 18lh, 
19th, 20th, 21st, 22d, and 2od, all of which were fitted ready for the field 
within a little over thirty days, an example of recruiting not equaled in the 
State during the entire war. 

President Lincoln, advised by the Governors of the loyal States, who had 
consulted together regarding the emergency, issued a proclamation on July 2d 
for 5U0,(i00 men, the War Department assigning to Michigan a quota of 11,686. 
Oil the 15th of July orders were published from the Adjutant General's depart- 
ment of the State urgently appealing to the people for a prompt and effective 
resjx)nse, and prescribing regulations for a system of organization. 

The 17th Regfment was then in process of organization, being recruited in 
the State at large, while six regiments of infantry were ordered and appointed 
respectively to the six Congressional Districts. Camps were established for 
each and commanders appointed. The 18th at Hillsdale, Hon. Henry Waldron ; 
19th at Dowagiac, Col. Henry C. Gilbert; 20th at Jackson, Hon. Fidus Liver- 
more ; 21st at Ionia, Hon. J. B. Welsh; 22d at Pontiac, Ex-Governor Moses 
Wisner; and the 23d at East Saginaw, Colonel D. H. Jerome. 

The Adjutant General of the State, in his report for 1862, says of the action 
of the people regarding this call : 

'' The response of the peo})le of the State to the President's call was patriotic 
and pr()mj)t almost beyond expectation. Individuals of every degree of promi- 
nence forthwith began to interest themselves in the business of filling the regi- 
ments. Communities gave to it their time and their almost exclusive attention, 
while, better than all, the substantial masses of the people offered themselves 
in person. War meetings were held in almost every village and tovvnsiiip in 
the State. Representatives of all classes converted themselves either into 
recruits or recruiting oflicors, and among the most efficient of the latter were 
ministers of the gospel, some of whom led the n;en they had enlisted into the 
field. 

"Immediately following the issue of the order referred to, applications 
reached the Adjutant General's office, by telegraph and otherwise, from all 
sections of the State, urging authority to recruit, and dcsii'ing instructions and 
forms for the enlistment of comj)anies. Facilities to promote this purpose 
were promptly furnished, and as soon as the camp grounds could be provided 
with suitable quarters men began to flock in by com])anie8 and detachments. 
The gentlemen who had been charged with the duty of supervising the organi- 
zation of the regiments performed their labors with diligence and success, and 



32 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

in little over a month from the date of the President's call men sufficient had 
been raised in the State, and nearly enough were in camp to fill all the regi- 
ments which the War Department had asked for under the President's requisi- 
tion. 

"In the meantime, while patriotism was thus zealously manifesti-Hg itself 
in all portions of the State, the people of Detroit and of Wayne county desired 
an opportunity to put in the field a regiment of their own citizens, in addition 
to those already in progress. Authority was j^romptly given by the Governor 
for this purpose, and the 24th regiment was ordered organized under the direc- 
tion of Colonel H. A. Moirow, and placed in rendezvous at Detroit, making 
eight infantry regiments then in couise of completion." 

The following is from the Red Book of Michigan : 

"The Christian Church in this State generally proved, by its pronounced 
patriotism and manifest devotion to the cause of the country, an element of 
immense success. All true patriots commend its noble course, all faithful 
Christians endorse its glorious action. From the time that Sumter was fired 
on until Lee and Johnston laid down their rebellious arms, and Davis fled for 
his life, it encouraged and nerved by word and deed the soldier in the field, 
aided much in the recruitment of men by its approval of the cause, and its 
openly avowed abhorrence of rebels and those who sympathized with them and 
opposed tlie war. Whei'e it did not, cowardice nuist mean and groveling,' dis- 
loyalty gross, and blackest treason prevented its being included in the Provi- 
dence of God among the instrumentalities to save the nation, and hence 
neither deserves nor can expect any better fate than the certain condemnation 
of every true lover of his country and of his race, and tlie disapproval of the 
God of Nations. 

"The valuable services rendered at this time by the loyal press throughout 
the State can never be over-estimated; for its successful efforts in strengthen- 
ing the hands of public officers, in moulding public opinion in favor of loyalty 
to the Government, in encouraging patiiotism among the masses, and inspiring 
those at the front with a heroism leading to gallant deeds." 

Stand by the Flag, on land and on sea, was the motto of the women of 
Michigan, inspiring and scattering patriotism amongst the people, and in the 
ranks at the front. Never doubting, always hopeful, ever confident of success, 
trusting in God's help for the cause of liberty, humanity, and right, while their 
interest in behalf of the soldier was intense, and their industry for his benefit 
continuous. 

The Executive of the nation, Abraham Lincoln, was looking anxiously into 
the future and calling earnestly upon the States for information as to what he 
might e.\i ect to sustain him in meeting com-ng emergencies. Under date of 
July 28ll), he telegraphed to Governor Blair: 

"It would be of great service here for us to know, as fully as you can tell, 
what progress is made and making in recruiting for old regiments in your 
State. Also, about wliat day the first new regiment can move from you, what 
the second, what the third, and so on. This information is important to ua 
in making calculations. Please give it as inomptly and accurately as you 
can." 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 33 

To this dispatch the Governor iustaiitly replied as follows: 
•' Very little can be done in recruiting old regiments until the new regiments 
are tilled up, althongli every exertion will be made to do so. The new regi- 
ments will commence to take the field about the 1st of September, or sooner 
if possible, and will all be in service in the field during that, month." 

In providing for the immense reinforcements to the national armies under 
this call, some delay in arming and equi|)j)ing the troops unavoidably occurred, 
and the Michigan regiments were ready before their field equipment. With 
great disi)atch, however, they were put in readiness for the field, and left the 
State fully armed, clothed, and equipped, prior to the 19th of September. 

On the completion of the eight regiments referred to, it was ascertained that 
in the rush to the rescue of the nation, more companies had been raised than 
could be placed in the district regiments, and on the 20th of August an order 
was issued from the Adjutant General's oflBce, directing the recruitment of the 
X'5th and 26th regiments of infantry, and assigning the surplus companies 
thereto. 

The 25th rendezvoused at Kalamazoo, under the direction of the Hon. H. 
G. Wells, commandant of camp, and the 26th at Jackson, in command of 
Colonel Judson S. Farrar. They were put in condition for active service with 
much promptness, and left the State immediately thereafter. 

About the time that the President's last call for volunteers appeared, the 
Governor had permission from the War Department to send into the field 
another regiment of cavalry, and authority was given to Colonel R. H. G. 
Miniy, then Lieutenant Colonel 3d Cavalry, to proceed at once to raise the 4th 
Cavalry. 

Soon after the organization of the 4th, Colonel J. T. Copeland, late of the 
1st Cavalry, sought and obtained the peiniission of the War Department, 
approved by the Governor, to raise another regiment for the same branch of 
service ; and still later — when the President had issued an order providing for 
the draft of a further force of 300,000 men, — Hon. F. W. Kellogg, member of 
Congress from this State, secured authority (also subject to approval by the 
Governor) to raise two additional regiments for the same arm. The 5th and 
6th Cavalry, comprising two of the three regiments tiius authorized, were 
recruited with great rapidity, and would have been in the field by the 1st of 
October, had horses, arms, and equipments been provided as fast as the men 
were ready for them. 

The patriotism of the men composing these regiments will not be questioned, 
as they entered the service in the darkest days of the war, and when money 
could not have entered into tlie question, as neither Government, State, nor 
local bounties were being ()aid, while, physically, mentally, and morally, the 
composite of these regiments was made up of the best young men of the State, 
and probably was not excelled in the troops of any other State, or in the 
armies of any other nation. 
5 



o^ MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

The infantry regiments went to the front fully armed and equipped, their 
arms being of a superior quality to those which had been furnished to most of 
the preceding troops sent from the State, while the cavalry were equally well 
equipped, although they did not receive a portion of their arms until they 
reached the army in the field. 

From the Red Book of Michigan the following is taken : 

** At the time the call was made by the President, and on which the regi- 
ments referred to were raised, much anxiety as to coming events and results 
existed throughout the land, and great despondency pervaded the masses, pre- 
vailing to an alarming extent in the army. The disasters of Bull Run and 
Ball's Bluff, and Banks's retreat from the Valley of the Shenandoah were fresh 
in the memory. McClellan's fruitless peninsula campaign had just terminated. 
Gloom covered the Union cause throughout the North, and loyal hearts were 
sad. But with these disasters and discouragements patriotism seemed to grap- 
ple, and strong and loyal men flocked to service under the standard of their 
country, without money or price, and with laudable determination. The regi- 
ments referred to were recruited in these memorable days, the darkest of the 
rebellion. Fighting had produced much suffering, and bullets death, and war 
had proved a fearful reality ; yet patriotism in Michigan was at its maximum, 
and her people demonstrated their indomitable pluck. 

''While great activity prevailed among the people and in the State Military 
Departments in meeting the call of July 'M, strong hopes were entertained 
that the final requisition for additional volunteers had been reached. The 
President issued an order on the 4th of August for a draft to be made without 
delay of 300,000 militia to serve for nine months. On the 9th of the same 
month general orders were promulgated by the War Department, assigning the 
quotas of the several States, that of Michigan being 11,086, same as under the 
last call. 

" Special instructions of a later date directed that if volunteers for old and 
new regiments mustered from July 2d exceeded the number called for (11,686) 
the excess might be deducted from the number drafted. 

"Accepting the exigency, the Governor issued his proclamation to the proper 
civil officers of each township and ward to make a complete census of the citi- 
zens of proper age and forward returns to the county clerks of their respective 
counties on or before the 10th day of September following. This new demand 
upon the resources and patriotism of the people was assented to with great 
unanimity, and its propriety and necessity generally accepted, but the desire 
was to obviate a draft, and strong efforts were being put forth to furnish the 
quota in volunteers." 

It became necessary for the Governor to appoint commissioners to superin- 
tend the draft, while the sheriffs and clerks of counties were constituted 
recruiting officers. 

The Adjutant General issued orders determining the quota to be raised in 
each county, taking the census of 1860 as the basis, while the number of men 
which had been furnished by each county after July 2d was made up from the 
special returns of regiments. 

The following named persons were selected by the Governor and commis- 
sioned to carry the draft into effect in their respective counties: 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 33 

Allegan, Henry Dumont, commissioner; L. Foster, surgeon. Branch, Geo. 

A. Coe, commissioner; Phineas P. IS'icliols, Henry B. Stillman, surgeons. 
Berrien, Charles E. Brown, commissioner; John M. Roe, Morgan Eiios, sur- 
geons. Bay, Henry Kaymond, commissioner; Chas. H. Reynolds, surgeon. 
Barry, Norman Bailey, commissioner; John Roberts, surgeon. Callioun, J. 

B. Greenough, commissioner; Z. T. Slater, W. H. Johnson, surgeons. Cass, 
Chas. \V. Clisbee, commissioner; Alonzo Garwood, surgeon. Clinton, R. 

Strickland, commissioner ; Dr. Topping, surgeon. Cheboygan, . Eaton, 

Joseph M. Hazlett, commissioner; Alden B. Sampson, surgeon. Emmet, . 

Genesee, Warner Lake, commissioner; Daniel Clarke, surgeon. Gratiot, 

, commissioner; John B. Cheeseman, surgeon. Grand Traverse, Morgan 

Bates, commissioner; , surgeon. Hillsdale, E. 0. Grosvenor, 

commissioner; A. Cressy, surgeon. Huron, W. D. Luddmgtou, commissioner. 
Ingham, Lemuel Woodliouse, commissioner; Dr. J. B. Hull, surgeon. Ionia, 

Albert Williams, commissioner. Isabella, . Jackson, Eugene Pringle, 

commissioner; Gordon Chittack, surgeon. Kent, P. H. L. Pierce, commis- 
sioner, Almon M. Ellsworth, surgeon. Kalamazoo, Charles S. May, commis- 
sioner; Wm. Mottram, surgeon. Lapeer, Virtulon Rich, commissioner; Oliver 
T. Strowbridge, surgeon. Livingston, William Riddle, commissioner; Chas. 
W. Haze, surgi'on. Lenawee, Perley Bills, commissioner; Dr. Pearsoll, Edwin 
P. Andrews, surgeons. Leelanaw, . Macomb, Dexter Muzzy, commis- 
sioner. Mecosta, . Midland, Lorenzo P. Taylor, commissioner. Man- 

itou, . Mason, . Manistee, . Monroe, Edwin P. Dorch, com- 
missioner and surgeon. Montcalm, R. K. Divine, commissioner. Muskegon, 
Chauiicey Davis, commissioner. Newaygo, John A. Brooks, commissioner; 

A. D. Leonard, surgeon. Oceana, . Ottawa, C. B. Albee, commissioner; 

J D. North, surgeon. Oakhmd, Clark Beardslee, commissioner. Shiawassee, 
lona Fuller, commissioner; David F. Alsdorf, surgeon. Saginaw, Addison 
Brewer, commissioner; Hiram C. Driggs, surgeon. St. Clair, Marcus H. 
Miles, commissioner; C. M. Stockwell, surgeon. St. Joseph, John W. Frey, 
■commissioner, Francis J. Morse, surgeon. Tuscola, Charles B. Mills, com- 
missioner; Wm. Johnson, surgeon. Van Buren, 0. T. Welch, commissioner; 
John W. Emery, Eugene Bitely, Decatur, surgeons, Washtenaw, James 
A[cMahon, commit^sioner ; D. A. Post, Ebenezer Mills, surgeons. Wayne, 
Christian H. Buhl, commissioner; E. M. Clark, J. M. Swift, Louis Daven- 
port, Herman Keiffer, surgeons. C. H. Buhl, of Wayne, resigned after serv- 
ing a considerable time, and was succeeded by Joseph Warren. 

Where commissioners and surgeons were not appointed in the order referred 
to, authority was given to the sheriff to designate them with power to select 
surgeons. While preparations were being made to accomi)lish the draft, the 
government found it necessary, on account of a want of preparation in most of 
the States, to carry it into immediate effect, at the same time extending the 
time for the completion of the regiments in process of organization with a 
view to enable States to furnish their quotas by volunteers. 

As au encouragement, large local bounties were offered, and the most strenu- 
ous and effective measures were adopted and continued by most of the town- 
ships and wards to furnish the men required of them without recourse to a 
draft. 



36 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 



The results of the military census, preparatory to making the draft, are 
presented in the following table taken from the Adjutant (jeneral's report for 
1862. Where the figures are omitted in the first column, the counties failed 
to make returns. ^ 

TABLE Showing the Number of Persons between the Ages of 28 and 45 Enrolled by 
Assessors, Sejjtember 20, 2862, the Number Exempted, and the Number Subject to 
Draft ; together with the Number Returned in June, under a law of the State. 



COUNTY. 


No. of Men 

Knn.lliHi 
by Assfssurs. 


No. Exempted. 


No. Sul.ject 
to Draft. 


No Ketiirneti 

in June, uiicIhi' 

.Stait^ Liiw. 


Allegan 






1.844 

1,446 

746 

2,534 

2,713 

4,003 

1,824 

37 

1,378 

1,882 

25 

2,627 

3,154 

539 

1,773 

1,616 

276 

3,909 

3,934 

3,631 

1,735 

5,477 

2,248 

t;223 

2,666 

35 

132 

132 

2,394 

573 

489 

1,760 

4,933 

1,305 

858 

2,130 

3,034 

3,089 

776 

2,190 

4,895 

10,106 

91,071 


2,721 


Barry 


2,264 
1,061 


*818 

315 


1,814 


Bay 


Berrien 


3,172 


Branch 








Calhoun 


5,126 


1,123 


4,499 
2.217 


Cass 


Cheboygan 


109 
2,126 
2,672 


+72 
748 
790 


104 


Clinton 




Eaton 




Emmet 




Genesee 






2,513 
3 708 


Hillsdale 


4,392 
642 


1,238 
103 


Huron 

Ingliam 


2,563 


Ionia 


2,850 


1,234 


Isabella 




Jackson ... 


4,527 


^618 


3,885 
2,160 
3,527 
1 897 


Kent 


Kalamazoo 


4,369 
2,530 
6,544 


738 

795 

1,067 


Lapeer 


Lenawee 


5,095 
2,782 


Livingston 


Mackinac 


223 

3,485 

111 




188 


Macomb . .-. 


819 
76 


2,976 


Mason 


Midland 


152 


Mecosta 


229 
8,069 


97 
675 


200 


Monroe 


1,936 
240 


Montcalm 


Newaygo 


650 


161 




Ottawa 


2 085 


Oakland 


5,901 


968 


4,967 


Shiawassee 


Sanilac 


1,294 
2,951 
4,006 


436 
821 
972 




Saginaw 


2,497 
4,042 


St. Clair 


St. Joseph .... 


3,276 


Tuscola 






750 


Van Buren 


2,734 

5,879 

12,538 


544 

984 

2,432 


2,35& 


"Washtenaw 


Wayne 


11,224 




Subject to draft 

















* Of these 797 were exempted by the siir;;e<)n. 

t Most of these are Indians, whom hitiierlo the War Department has refused to muster into 
Be r vice. 
} K.xeinpted \>y surgeon, 41H. 
§ There was no surgeon in this connty, and tliese figures show the total enrollment. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. '67 

In the same report of the Adjutant General is found the following state- 
ment regarding tlie population of counties and the number of persons subject 
to draft on the basis of the census of 18(30 : 

''The total population of the counties above enumerated at the census of 
18G0 was 715,595. The proportion of persons residing therein who are subject 
to draft is as 1 to 857-1000. The counties which have made no returns are 
Alcona, Alpena, Chippc^va, Delta, Gratiot, Grand Traverse, Houghton 
(included with Keweenaw in 1860), Iosco, Leehinaw, Marquette, Manitou, 
Manistee, Muskegon, Osceola, Oceana, Ontonagon, Presque Isle, and School- 
craft, and their aggregate poj)ulation in 1860 was 35,415. The same ratio 
wiiicii rules in the counties from which returns have been received would pro- 
duce in the counties last mentioned a military strength of 4,507, making the 
aggregate of persons yet remaining in the State between the ages of 18 and 45, 
and subject to draft for militaiy })urposes, 95,578, less the number of volun- 
teers who have enlisted since September 10, 1862." 

The obstacles in the way of a draft being so numerous, the War Department, 
with a view to enable States to raise their quotas of volunteer enlistments, left, 
the time for drafting to the discretion of the Governors. 

Three companies of men, nearly full, had been offered from the Upi)er 
Peninsula in September, while there was reason to believe that in the same 
section three more could be raised. With this in view, the /J7th, with the 
assent of the Government, was ordered organized, with headquarters at Port 
Huron, in conin)and of ]-,ieulenant Colonel Thomas S. Sprague. 

Authority had also been given by the War Department to Colonel Kellogg 
to raise the 7th Cavalry, and upon being confirmed by the Governor the regi- 
ment was ordered organized, with rendezvous at Grand Rapids. 

At this time Colonel John Stockton, of Mount Clemens, and Captain James 
I. David, of Trenton, then a quartermaster U. S. A., had received authority 
from the War Department, wliich was sanctioned by the Governor, to raise 
each a cavalry regiment, when the 8th and 9th were thereupon ordered organ- 
ized, the former having its rendezvous at Mount Clemens and the latter at 
Cold water. 

Following tliis, with a vieAV to getting up an Irish regiment, the 28th was 
authorizeti, under the direction of Colonel Edward Doyle, of Detroit, with 
rendezvous at Ypsilaiiti. 

On application to the War Department, permission was given to recruit a 
regiment of sliaii)-shooters, when Captain C. V. DeLand, of the 9th infantry, 
was placed in charge of its organization, with rendezvous at Kalamazoo. 

The Government having specially authorized advanced bounty, these officers 
entered upon vigorous efforts ttj (111 up their ranks. 

An ini}nession at this time prevailed among the citizens of the State that 
a shorter term of enlistment would conduce to a more rapid recruitment of 
men, were the opportunity ofTi'ied. Consequeiitly the Governor, willing to 
afford every reasonable eiicouragement to the disposition so generally maiii- 



88 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

tested by the people to raise the required number of men without drafting,, 
and ulso fully mindful of his obligations to the government, on the xJQth 
of November issued the following proclamation, which clearly presents the 
requirements of the government at that time, and the mode by which they 
are to be met : 

To the People of the State of Michigan: 

It is essential to the maintenance of the honor of the State, by meeting its 
obligations to the Federal Government, that the quota of the troops required 
of Michigan under the call for 600,000 men should be speedily furnished. I 
have felt great confidence that this might be done without resort to a draft, 
but it will be impossible at the rate enlistments have been making for the last 
month and more. The number required of each town and ward in the State 
has been assigned upon the principle of giving credit for all recruits furnished 
since the first of July last. Substantial justice in this respect has been done 
toward all. To be exact was impossible, and to go back of the first of July 
was impracticable, both because the order of the Secretary of War did not 
authorize it, and because there was no reliable record by which such credit 
could be made up with any chance of fairness. 

It is, therefore, indispensable that the several towns and wards of cities 
should furnish the number of recruits assigned to them, and I take this occa- 
sion to assure the people that unless the men are furnished by voluntary enlist- 
ment they will be taken by the draft. 

For the purpose of still giving abundant opportunity to fill the quota of the 
State by voluntary enlistment, recruiting will be continued as follows: 

1st. Recruits will be received for new regiments now forming in the State, 
and for all the old regiments now in the field, until and including the 29Lh 
day of December next. These must be enlisted for the term of three years or 
during the war. 

3d. From the ^st to the 16th day of December next volunteer recruits will 
be received for the old regiments only, to serve for nine months, in pursuance 
of the act of Congress. 

3d. On the 30th day of December next the draft will commence and proceed 
until the requisite number is obtained in all those towns and wards which shall 
then be found delinquent. 

Less than four thousand men are now required to fill the entire quota of the 
State, and I earnestly hope that they will be found to come forward cheerfully 
and enlid for the war, as all our troops thus far have done. And I desire this 
not so much because there is anything discreditable in a draft, as because it is 
exceedingly desirable that all the troops from Michigan should stand on the 
same footing in the army. Let the people of Michigan make one more loyal 
and vigorous effort, and the entire number required can be obtained, and the 
high reputation of the State for patriotism and promptness will be maintained. 

AUSTIN BLAIR. 

Dated Jackson, November 29, 1863. 

The following from the Adjutant General's reports shows the aggregate 
number of troops enlisted and mustered up to December 23, 1863: 

"Total, including recruits, sent to the field before July 1st, 1863, 34,281 f 
■ 'Lancers' and 'Hughes's Ilorse Guards,' regularly mustered into the service. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 39 

but disbanded without leaving the State, 987; three regiments of cavalry, ten 
of infantry, and one battery, sent since July 1st, 13,789; recruits (including 
six for nine months) received from July let to December 23d, 2,162; esti- 
mated strength of three regiments of cavalry, two of infantry, one of sharp 
shooters, and two batteries, organized in the State, 4,400. Total, 45,509. 

"This does not include volunteers from this State who have gone into the 
regiments of other States, to a number known to exceed 1,400. 

"A considerable number of recruits had also been enlisted in the State dur- 
ing the summer and fall for the regular army, probably three or four hundred 
at least. 

"These troops, with the exception of a few of the earlier regiments that 
were mustered into service by the late Jaeutenant Colonel E. Backus, Captain 
J. C. Robinson, and Captain H. R. Mizner, U. S. army, were mustered under 
the direction of the late General J. R. Smith, U. S. army, a citizen and resi- 
dent of Michigan, who was United States military commander in the State, 
and chief mustering officer until the adoption of the provost marshal's system, 
when he was detailed as commissary of musters, in which capacity he served 
until the close of the war. The energetic and faithful services rendered by 
him aided much in facilitating the speedy despatch of troops to the front." 

The report closes with the following extract, which undoubtedly expressed 
the estimation in which the Michigan troops were held, and did not by any 
means over-estimate their services, and certainly was correct as to the loyalty 
and patriotism of the people at that period of the war: 

"At the time of making the last annual report from this department, cov- 
ering only a small portion of the force now in the service from this State, it 
was thought that the regiments then reported would be all that would be 
required to suppress the rebellion ; but another year is nearly closed, and regi- 
ment after regiment has been raised, until a large army has gone from the 
State, and still the rebellion goes on. Notwithstanding all this, the loyalty 
and patriotism of the people are not exhausted. The same determination seems 
to exist as at the commencement of the war, that it must bo put down, and 
the Nation redeemed at any sacrifice. The promptness and cheerfulness with 
which every call made by the General Government upon the State has been 
responded to bespeaks the intelligent loyal patriotism of its people. The peo- 
ple of Michigan are intelligently loyal on the subject of the war, and her 
soldiery are intelligently brave and patriotic, true to the honor of their State 
and their Nation, preferring on all occasions death before dishonoring either. 

"The troops from the State of Michigan have gained a prominent position 
in the armies of the Nation. They have done their duty faithfully and fear- 
lessly, and borne the brunt of many well-fought fields. Some of them have 
proved an anomaly in modern warfare. Suddenly called from the common 
avocations of life, and within a very few days of the time of leaving their 
native State, they have been pitted against the veteran troops of the enemy of 
their country in superior numbers, and completely routed them. It has been 
the fortune of some of them voluntarily and successfully to lead the 'forlorn 
hope,' regardless of opposing numbers. Their scars and thinned ranks now 
attest their services to their country. The honor of their Nation and their 
State has been safe iu their hands, and both will cherish and reward them. 
Monuments to the memory of the brave dead are now erected iu the hearts ol 



40 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

the people, and National monuments to their memory will be erected by a 
grateful country." 

The military operations in the field in 1863 had not been very favorable for 
the Union cause. In December the Union army in Virginia had faileji in its 
attack on Fredericksburg, the Western army had been successful at Stone 
River in the same month, both important engagements, and in effect nearly 
balancing. Yet the people of the country seemed not to be discouraged nor to 
falter in their determination to press on to ultimate success by putting down 
the nefarious rebellion. In good old Michigan, loyalty and patriotism seemed 
in the ascendant. 

Governor Blair, in his message to the Legislature, in January, 1863, in 
speaking of the Michigan soldiers in the field, alludes to their services as fol- 
lows: 

"1 commend the Michigan troops to your active symi)athy and support. By 
their heroic endurance of tbe hardships of war, and by their splendid bravery 
in battle, they have crowned the State with glory. Their battle cry is 'Michi- 
gan ! Remember Michigan !' and Michigan must remember them. We have 
already a long list of immortal heroes dead in battle. I hope you will, in some 
appropriate way, place upon the enduring records of the State your apprecia- 
tion of the valor and patriotic devotion of these brave men. Let us hand down 
their names to posterity upon an illuminated page, that they may be revered as 
examples for all time to come. They belong to history now. We must take 
care that it is rightly written. Your hearty thanks are also due to the gallant 
men who still uphold the flag of our country in the field, and have lately borne 
it on to victory over bloody ground. Let us send them warm words of cheer 
from home. May God give them other and greater victories, and bring them 
back speedily in peace and triumph. Then, indeed, shall heaven's arches ring 
with glad shouts of welcome." 

In Februaiy following, the Legislature expressed in a joint resolution the 
sentiments of Michigan people on the war question : 

"That we are unalterably opposed to any terms of compromise and accom- 
modation with the rebels, while under arms and acting in hostility to the gov- 
ernment of the Union, and on this we express but one sentiment — unconditional 
submission and obedience to the laws and constitution of the Union." 

In March, the following preamble and resolutions were passed by the Legis- 
lature in compliment to the Michigan soldiers in the field: 

''Whereas, The citizen soldiers of Michigan have responded cheerfully to 
their country's call, have never hesitated or faltered when duty prompted or 
danger threatened, and by their indomitable fortitude under the fatigues and 
privations of war, their heroic bravery and brilliant achievements upon the 
battle-field, have crowned themselves with glory, and given to Michigan imper- 
ishable renown ; therefore, 

" Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the State of Michi- 
gan, Tliat, tendering to them the thanks of the State for their valuable 
services, we also assure them that while Michigan thus holds them forth as 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 41 

examples of emulation to the soldiers of other States, she is also proudly 
grateful to them for the renown which their noble deeds have shed upon her 
name; and claiming them for her own, she points to tliem with feelings of 
maternal pride, and in the language of the noble Koman mother exclaims, 
•Tiu'se are my jewels.' 

'* Resolved, That the Governor be and he is hereby required to forward a 
copy of the foregoing preamble and joint resolution to each of the regiments 
and batteries of Michigan soldiers now in the field." 

An act was passed by this Legislature authorizing the payment by the Quar- 
termaster General of §50 State bounty from March 6th, 1863, which was con- 
tinued until ]l!^ovember -ZQth following. The Legislature also legalized the 
action of the townships, cities, and counties in raising bounties for volunteers. 

In compliance with a recommendation of the Governor, the Legislature gen- 
erously appropriated $20,000 to assist sick and wounded soldiers in the field, and 
likewise to aid those in the State, and in payment for services of agents to 
properly carry into effect the measure. In 1865 an additional amount of 
^25,000 was set apart for that purpose. 

Under the law referred to six agents were appohited, and entered upon this 
■duty: Benjamin Vernor, at Detroit; Dr. J. Tunneclilfe, Jr., at Washington, 
D. C. ; Luther B. Willard, at Nashville, Tenn.; J. B. Gillman, at Louisville, 
Ky. ; Weston Flint, at St. Louis, Mo. ; and Darius Clark, in New York city. 
During the latter part of the war, D. A. Millard was employed at the Wash- 
ington agency. 

Tlie necessity for these agencies became more and more apparent every day 
•as the war progressed, proving of immense benefit to the Michigan troops in 
general, and particularly to those who found it necessary to accept pecuniary 
assistance. The agencies were managed by gentlemen much in sympathy with 
the cause of the soldiers, taking much interest in their welfare, consequently 
laboring faithfully in their behalf. 

The quota of the State, under the President's call of August 4th, 1862, for 
300,000 militia remaining unfilled, a draft was made in February following, on 
the basis of the census of I860, in the counties then in arrears for the small 
deficiency then existing. The number of men drafted was 1,278. Of this 
number (either of themselves or by substitutes), 710 wore delivered at the 
United States barracks at Detroit, 545 of whom were sent to various regiments 
and batteries in the field, a few of the remainder deserting, while others were 
discharged for alienage, disability, or other causes, by United States authori- 
ties. Of the 545 men thus realized from the draft for a service of nine months 
each, 430 were induced to enlist for three years, 115 only going into the field 
for the shorter term. These facts are exhibited in a clearer detail iu the sub- 
joined table, showing the result of the draft: 
6 



4a 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 



Counties in Which Draft Was 


Number 
diafted. 


DelivPied 
at UariaLks 

33 
37 

2 
44 
28 
60 
39 
36 
24 
92 
42 
64 
39 
19 

4 
25 
72 
14 

2 
34 


Accounted for at barracks or sent 
to lejiimenta.. 


Made. 


B'or3yeaiB. 


For 9 Dios. 


Total. 


Allegan 


45 
47 
8 
56 
41 
76 
68 
65 
49 

158 
84 

127 
74 
59 
19 
45 

178 

16 

7 

56 


20 
10 

2 
34 
17 
36 
15 
20 
12 
65 
31 
44 
26 
13 

3 
11 
47 
11 

22' 


2 
21 

1 

11 
8 

16 
5 
8 

14 
4 
2 
6 
1 
1 

10 
1 
1 
1 
2 


22 


Barry 

Calhoun . 


31 

2 


Cass - .- 


35 


Clinton . 


28 


Genesee 

Hillsdale 


44 
31 


Ingham 


25 


Jackson 

Lapeer 

Livinsston . 


20 
70 
35 


M acomb 

Monroe 


46 
32 


Oakland 

Saginaw 

Shiawassee 


14 

4 
21 


St. Clair 

St. Joseph 

Tuscola 

Van Bureu ' 


48 
12 

1 
24 






Total 


1,278 


710 


430 


115 


545 







In March, 1863, the Congress of the United States passed **An act for 
enrolling and calling out the national forces," which provided elaborate details 
for the accomplishment of the object in view, leaving their execution exclusively 
in the hands of the Federal authorities. 

Under the law referred to, the national force was declared to consist, with 
certain specified exceptions, of "all able-bodied male citizens of the United 
States and persons of foreign birth who shall have declared on oath their 
intention to become citizens under and in pursuance of the laws thereof, 
between the ages of twenty and forty-five years;" and this force was divided 
into two classes, the first to comprise "all persons subject to do military duty 
between the ages of twenty and thirty-five years, and all unmarried persons 
subject to do military duty above the age of thirty-five and under the age of 
forty-five;" the second to comprise "all other persons subject to do military 
duty;" and it was provided that the latter class "shall not, in any district, 
be called into the service of the United States until those of the first class shall 
have been called." Each Congressional district was formed into an enroll- 
ment district, a provost marshal and board of enrollment provided for each, 
and these districts were again divided into sub-districts, consisting of wanly 
and townships. 

Lieutenant Colonel Bennett H. Hill, 5th U. S. Artillery, was appointed by 
the War Department Acting Assistant Provost Marshal General of the State. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 



4S 



Dolonel Hill proved to be an officer of great executive ability, truly loyal and 
patriotic. He superintended the enrollment and drafting in Michigan during 
the war. He was a graduate of the Military Academy at West Point and a 
native of the District of Columbia. 

The following named gentlemen served as provost marshals: 

First District — John S. Newberry, of Detroit, who was succeeded by Mark 
Fhmigan, of the same place; headquarters at Detroit. 

Second District — Rollin C. Dennison, of Kulamuzoo; lieadquarters at that 
place. 

Third District — Robert J. Barry, of Ann Arbor; headquarters at Jackson. 

Fourth District — Norman Bailey, of Hastings; headquarters at Grand 
Rapids. 

Fifth District — Charles M. Walker, of Lapeer, afterwards of Adrian, who 
was succeeded by William M. McConnell, of Pontiac; headquarters at that, 
point. 

Sixth District — Randolph Strickland, of St. Johns; headquarters at Flint. 

The rendezvous for the reception of drafted men was established at Grand 
Rapids, and was placed in charge of Gen. S. G. Champlin, formerly of 3d 
Michigan, and remained under his command until disability caused by wounds 
rendered his continuance on duty impossible. He was relieved by Col. Norman 
J. Hall, of the 7th Michigan, who was ia turn relieved by Col. Charles H. 
Town, 1st Michigan Cavalry. 

The rendezvous was continued at Grand Rapids until March 4th, 1864, when 
it was changed to Jackson on account of its central location. Col. G. S. Wor- 
mer had charge of it until authorized to raise the 30th Infantry, when he was 
relieved on the 20th of November following by Gen. L. Cutler, of Wisconsin, 
who continued in command until recruiting for the armies ended. 

Through these agencies a general enrollment was made during the summer; 
the following exhibit is derived from the returns made to Col. Hill, showing 
the total numbers so enrolled in the State: 



First C 


ONGUESSIONAL DISTRICT. 


Second Congressional District. 






NAME. 


First Class. 


Sf.cond Class. 




First Class. 


Second Class. 




NAME. 


White 


Col. 

63 

20 
13 
20 

104 
62 


Total, 


White 


Col. 

18 
5 
2 
9 
18 
73 
19 


Total. 




White 


Col. 

15.5 
10 
52 
13 

230 


Total. 


White 


1 
Col. TotaL 

i 


Kalamazoo 

St. Joseph 

Branch 

Alleiran 

Rcvrien 

Cass 

Van Buren 


2,720 
2,30' 
2,i'l8 
1,7!M 
2,2()i' 
1,597 
1,596 


2,783 
2,3.'2 
2,00 1 
1,814 
2,287 
1,701 
1,058 


1,2.33 
1.150 
1,131 

l,0<Mi 

1,244 

84f 

909 


1,251 
1,101 


VVayne 

Mtdiroe 

l.enawee 

Hillsdale 


\,X10 
3,7.W 
2,4tj8 


K,!'SO 
l.S-'O 
3,7»l 
2,481 


4,Ofi7 
1,1 '.irt 
1.973 
1,413 


7fi 
2 
9 
2 

89 


4,143 
1,0.58 
l,9.Si 
1,415 

8,5!)8 


1.133 

1,015 

1,202 

921 

92S 


Total 


14,902 


15. 132 


S,50« 


Total 


14,206 


420 


14,686 


7,627 


144 


7,671 



44 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 



Third Congressional District. 



NAME. 



Eaton 

Ingham ... . 

•Calhoun 

Washtenaw 
Jackson 

Total 



First Class. 


Second Cl&ss. 


White 


Col. 


Total. 


White 


Col. 

""20 
30 
4 


Total 


1,498 

3,04.T 
3,8.i> 
2,996 


2 
4 

49 
75 

28 


1,500 
1,.')83 
3,093 
3,897 
3,024 


8K8 

98K 

1,543 

1,597 

1,241 


868 

986 

1,563 

1,627 

1,245 


1?,940 


158 


13,098 


6,235 


54 


6,289 



Fourth Congressional District. 



Kent 

Ionia 

Ottawa 

Barry 

Montcalm 

Muskegon ... 

■Oceana 

Newaygo 

INIecosia 

Mason 

Manilou 

Manistee 

■G'd Traverse 
Cheboygan... 

Mackinac 

Delta 

Leelana\7 

Benzie 

Muskegon ... 

Emmet 

Antrim 

Total 



2,788 


7 


2,795 


1,804 




1,77-2 


6 


1,778 


904 




1,.363 


20 


1,383 


862 




1,3J0 


8 


1,328 


712 




6J2 


3 


625 


261 




9-25 


3 


928 


271 




229 


3 


232 


92 




342 




342 


174 




222 


2 


224 


78 




100 




100 


31 




100 




100 


48 




1S8 





188 


51 




203 




203 


9i 




3(i 





30 


24 




184 




184 


53 




13H 


1 


141) 


25 




143 




143 


50 




85 





85 


46 




51 




61 


19 




27 





27 


15 




55 


53 


56 


15 


.... 


10,894 


10,947 


5,726 


18 



1,811 

905 

865 

815 

2(i2 

271 

93 

175 

78 

31 

48 

51 

91 

24 

53 

25 

50 

47 

19 

15 

16 



5,744 



Fifth Congressional District. 



NAME. 


First Clabs. 


Second ('lass. 




White 


Col. 


Total. 


White 


Col. 


Total 


Oakland 

IJvingston 

Lapeer 

Sanilac 

St. Clair 

Macomb 


3,798 
1,814 
1,4S6 
909 
2,347 
2,068 


52 
8 

12 
3 
9 

11 


3,850 
1,822 
1,498 
912 
2,356 
2,079 


1,665 

782 

776 

395 

1,343 

1,183 


7 
2 


1,672 

784 

776 

395 

1,347 

1,163 


Total 


12,422 


95 


12,517 


6,144 


13 


6,157 



Sixth Congressional District. 



Clinton 

Shiawassee ... 

Genesee 

Gratiot 

Tuscola 

Huron 

Isabella 

Aljiena 

Iosco 

Midland 

Bay 

Saginaw 

Cliippewa 

Marquette.. ) 
Schoolcraft, j 

Houghton 

Keweenaw 

Ontonagon 

Menominee... 



Total. 



1,366 


1 


1,367 


731 




1,313 


o 


1,315 


730 




2,375 


5 


2,380 


1.162 





^m 


5 


571 


306 




6.i0 




650 


394 




590 




590 


192 




153 




153 


61 




124 




124 


45 




58 




58 


14 




189 


1 


190 


44 




934 


6 


940 


324 




2,344 


4 


2,348 


1,047 





134 


1 


135 


35 





523 


2 


525 


86 





642 




642 


120 




903 


2 


inr, 


253 





641 


1 


642 


200 




123 


30 


123 


23 





13,628 


13,658 


6,767 



731 

730 

1,162 

306 

394 

192 

61 

45 

14 

44 

324 

1,047 

35 

S6 

120 
253 
200 
23 



6,767 



Recapitulation by Districts. 



DISTRICTS. 



First Congressional District... 
Second Contrressional District. 
Third Congressional District.. 
Fourth Congressional District. 
Filth Congressional District... 
Sixth Congressional District.. 

Total 



First Class. 


White. 


Colored. 


Total. 


14,902 


230 


15,132 


14,266 


420 


14,686 


12,940 


158 


13,098 


10,894 


53 


10,947 


12,422 


95 


12,.') 17 


18,628 


30 


13,658 


79,052 


986 


80,038 



Second Class. 


White. 


Colored. 


Total. 


8,.'J09 
7,527 
6,235 
5,726 
6,144 
6,767 


89 
144 
51 
18 
13 


8,.^98 
7,671 
6,289 
.5,744 
6, l.i7 
5,767 


39,908 


318 


40,226 



On the completion of the enrollment in each of the several States, a draft 
was ordered to be made of one fifth of the first class so enrolled therein; this 
number, however, to be subject to such modifications as might be produced 
by an adjustment of the surplus or deficiency existing in the accounts of each 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 4& 

State under previous calls. In other words, a State which had furnished more 
than had been asked for under previous calls of the General Government was 
to be credited with the excess. In making the computations necessary to this 
adjustment, the term of service and number of men furnished were alike 
taken into account, and the advantages to the people of the State of the policy 
which had prevailed of encouraging three years' enlistments, at periods when 
other States were placing nine months' or two years' men in the field, became 
strikingly manifest. A statement sent to the Adjutant General's office from 
the War Department gave, on the 26th of May, a surplus to be applied on the 
impending draft of 4,403 men. It had been the practice, in the absence of 
official data from Washington, to estimate the quota of Michigan under the 
calls of 1861 at 19,500, that being about the result of calculations based upon 
the census returns of population. It appeared by this statement, however, 
that the Federal authorities had assumed 21,357 as the apportionment of the 
State under the call referred to. Notwithstanding the diminution occasioned 
by this discovery, the surplus credited to us still appeared to be considerably 
less than was uue the State according to its own records, and after correspond- 
ence and examination the legitimate credit of the State was estimated on the 
19th of September at a total, reduced to a three years' standard, of 9,518, 
including such as had been enlisted since the statement of May 26th. 

The extent of our territory, and the difficulty of communication in some 
portions of it, with other causes perhaps, delayed the completion of the enroll- 
ment until fall. On the 27th of October, a draft began in the second, third, 
fourth, fifth, and sixth Congressional districts, and on the 5th of November in 
the first — the number of enlistments which had been made down to those dates 
having been previously added to the credits of the several sub-districts. The 
upper peninsula was not included in the draft. 

In making a draft under the existing law, it was provided that fifty per cent 
be added to the number required to cover exemptions, etc., the quota actually 
called for to be taken in the order of numerical precedence from the whole 
number drawn. The total number drafted in the State was 6,383. Of these, 
261 were delivered at the general rendezvous at Grand Rapids, 643 furnished 
acceptable substitutes (43 of whom deserted before reaching rendezvous), 1,626 
paid each $300 commutation money, 1,596 were exempted for physical disabil- 
ity, 330 as aliens, 204 for unsuitableness of age, and 1,069 failed to leport. 
The subjoined table, giving the result lu each (Jungietisioual district, is inter- 
esting: 



4G 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 



Number drafted 

Drafts delivered at rendezvous 

Drafts deserted 

Substitutes delivered 

Substitutes deserted 

Paid commutation .. 

Enlisted in service 

Exempted for physical disability 

Exempted for mental disability 

Exempted as aliens 

Exempted as non-residents 

Exempted, over or under age 

Exempted, only sous of infirm parents, 
etc. 

Exempted, fathers of dependent chil- 
dren, not twelve years old 

Exempted, having two brothers in ser- 
vice 

Exempted, in service March 3, 1863 

Exempted for conviction of felony 

Exempted for all other causes 

Failed to report , 



532 
15 



38 

1 

176 



156 



12 
2 

18 

23 

5 

3 

13 

1 

8 

61 



1,402 1,083 1,147 



76 
3 

97 

5 

387 



46 



472 
2 

26 
9 

41 

51 

20 

15 

19 

1 

13 

165 



53 

10 

430 



191 



42 
10 
36 

37 

14 

6 
12 

1 

23 

172 



61 



30 



281 
128 
304 



58 

9 

30 

25 

14 



1 

5 

193 



1,197 


1,022 


16 


47 


351 


31 


25 


2 


58 


294 


254 


219 




2 


107 


85 


12 


12 


45 


34 


45 


29 


10 


16 


5 


4 


20 


7 


""s 


'"'3 


241 


237 



6,383 

261 

3 

600 

43 

1,626 

128 

1,596 

4 

330 

54 

204 

210 

79 

33 

79 

4 

60 

1,069 



The total amount of money'paid to the bounty fund of the general Govern- 
ment by men taken under this draft, as commutation to secure exemption 
from personal service, was four hundred and eighty-seven thousand eight hun- 
dred dollars (487,800). 

In October a new system of recruiting was adopted by the War Department, 
allowing to persons properly authorized as recruiting agents $15 for each re- 
cruit. Subsequently this allowance was extended to all citizens alike. For 
the purpose of encouraging volunteer enlistments, government bounties to 
volunteers were also largely increased — $302 to those going into service for the 
first time, and $402 to veterans re-enlisting, while local bounties of liberal 
iiinount were offered in most of the counties. 

On the 17th of October, the President of the United States issued a procla- 
mation calling upon "the Governors of the different States to raise and have 
enlisted into the United States service for the various companies and regiments 
in the field from their respective States, their quotas of 300,000 men." It was 
further proclaimed that the large bounties previously ordered should be con- 
tinued to volunteers, and that if any State or district should fail to fill its 
quota, a draft would be made on the 5th of January ensuing, for the deficiency. 
, The quotas of the several Congressional districts of the State were assigned by 
the Provost Marshal General as follows: First district, 2,137; second district, 
2,074; third district, 1,861; fourth district, 1,545; fifth district, 1,768; sixth 
district, 1,913— total for the State, 11.298. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 47 

The Governor, ever ready for action when the necessities of the Government 
required it, desirous of securing a prompt and effective response to the call of 
the President, issued a stirring proclamation, of which follows an extract, 
invoking immediate and energetic action by the people to meet the demand 
without a draft: 

"This call is for soldiers to fill the ranks of the regiments in the field — 
those regiments which by long and gallant service have wasted their numbers 
in the same proportion that they have made a distinguished name, both for 
themselves and the State. The people of Michigan will recognize this as a 
duty already too long delayed. Our young men, 1 trust, will hasten to stand 
beside the heroes of Antietam, Gettysburg, Vicksburg, Stone Kiver, and Chick- 
am auga. 

"The hopes of the rebellion are steadily perishing. The armies of the 
Republic are ia the midst of their country; and they have not the power to 
expel them. 

" Fill up the ranks once more, and the next blast of the bugle for an advance 
will sound the knell of revolution and herald in the return of peace. 

''Fellow-citizens, let us do it willingly, gallanily, joyously. The people of 
Michigan have heretofore earned the gratitude of the country by their prompt- 
ness and eneigy in the support of the Government." 

This appeal was received by the people of the State with the same cordial 
response that had characterized their action on all previous demands of the 
Government, and they went to work Avith their usual alacrity and success. 

The returns and muster-rolls on tile show that from December 23, 1862, 
down to December 31, 1863, there had been mustered thirteen thousand five 
hundred and sixty-seven (13,567), and an aggregate of fifty-three thousand 
seven hundred and forty-nine (53,749) since the beginning of the war, leaving 
out of the account all troops disbanded, estimated, and those paying commu- 
tation, and confining the statement to the men actually put in service. 

Having in our narrative reached the close of 1863, we include the closing 
notice of Michigan troops in the field from the report of the Adjutant General 
of the State for that year : 

" The war against the rebellion has consumed another year. Loyal States 
have furnished quota after quota of men to support it. Michigan has speedily 
and cheerfully responded to every call, and fully complied with every require- 
ment of the Government. Michigan will continue to do so until every rebel in 
arms against the Eepublic shall be defeated and sue for peace. ]\Iichigan is 
in earnest in this cause, and seeks no other course but to fight on until a peace 
is successfully conquered, and until every rebel State is brought into submis- 
sion to the power of the National Government and is made to acknowledge its 
allegiance to the Constitution and the laws of the land. Michigan, as evinced 
by the patriotism of her citizens at home and the bravery of her soldiers in the 
field, is truly loyal, and nobly gives her influence, her means, and the best 
blood of her people to put down forever this unjust, unreasonable, and selfish 
rebellion, 

"During the present rebellion there have been many encouraging and prom- 
ising features developed in the prosecution of the war against it that have iudi- 



4i5 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

cafced its successful and satisfactory termination, but none more forcible, or 
that will fill a brighter page in its history, or denote more strongly the deter- 
mination of the people of the Union to bring this rebel Hon to a desirable and 
permanent issue and to sustain and perpetuate the national existence, or that 
exhibits more love for the Republic and free institutions, than the patriotic and 
glorious tribute voluntarily made to their country by the re-enlisted veterans 
who are now swelling the ranks of the grand armies. They are returning in 
masses to their native States, receiving the well-deserved blessings and thanks 
of their country, their families and friends, scattering an influence and a 
power in behalf of their States and their Nation that makes every lover of his 
native land and his race rejoice in great hopefulness in the future. None can 
doubt their patriotism. None can question their honesty of purpose. They 
are a hope and encouragement to the loyal and true, and a blight on those who 
would willfully suffer a national disgrace. Michigan, in common with her sis- 
ter States, is proud of her veteran troops returning to her, as they do, from 
the hard-fought battles of many fields, scarred, wounded, and weather-beaten 
— glorious evidences of faithful service, true bravery, and gallant deeds — 
marks that endear them to their State and entitle them to a page in the history 
of her heroes. Having again pledged themselves to defend their Government 
against all its enemies, they are returning to the field, carrying with them the 
blessings of their friends and the gratitude of their State, again, it may be, to- 
face the leaden storm from rebel ranks, and to add new laurels to those already 
gathered by them on the sanguinary fields of the South ; and while the people 
praise and bless the living heroes who return to them who have participated in 
those scenes of national strife, and will cause their names to be handed down 
to future generations as defenders of the freedom of their nation and their 
race, they will also have a warm place in their memories for those who retuin 
not, but who have passed away amidst those scenes of conflict and bravely 
given up their lives in the same glorious cause, and long remember thetn with 
gratitude and reverence for their devotion and sacrifice, and cause the piige of 
history to record them as amongst the greatest patriots of their day, and as 
martyrs to the freedom of all mankind. i 

" The troops from Michigan have, in common with those from other States, ^ 
shared in the hardships and dangers of the campaigns of the past year. They 
have also shared with them in the glory of their victories, and with them nobly 
and courageously sustained the prowess of the Union arms in every engage- 
ment. Michigan rejoices at the laurels gathered by the troops from other 
States, in common with her own, while gloriously and bravely battling with 
hers, as companions in arms on the same fields, and laments them as compan- 
ions in death, falling side by side in the cause of their common country; and 
while she cheerfully extends to the Union troops in general her mete of praise 
and gratitude for their bravery in battle, and their devotion to the cause of 
freedom and free institutions, it belongs to her, in duty to her own troops, to 
award to them her especial, grateful acknowledgment of her indebtedness to 
them for the eminent and honorable position which she has acquired among 
her sister States in the prosecution of this war, in vindication of national free- 
dom ; and while she would not, by detraction from the meritorious and gallant 
services of other troops, exalt her own, still she is proud to say that no regi- 
ment of her gallant sons has, m a single instance, disgraced either itself or 
tarnished her honorable and bright escutcheon ; but they have been found 
manfully fighting in the front rank on every field, and have been trusted and 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK 49 

relied upon for efficiency in cases of emergency and great danger, and have 
been specially distinguished as possessing, in the highest degree, that charac- 
teristic so essential to success in war — true courage." 

From the Red Book of Michigan : 

*' The prominent feature in the war operations of 1863 was the important 
battle of Gettysburg. That battle, which in effect proclaimed with most 
terrible force to the monster rebellion: 'Thus far hast thou dared to come, 
but must advance no further at thy peril ; back to thy rebel den ; henceforth 
you can only fight on the defensive, for thy aggressive power is broken, and 
you must crumble to pieces until thou art dead — thy rebel spirit crushed to 
atoms, never to rise again.' 

"The operations in the field in Virginia during the year closed with the 
movement made across the Eapidan by the Army of the Potomac and the 
assault on the enemy's position at Mine Kun, which, after a feeble effort on 
the part of the Union forces, resulted in failure, and the recrossing of the 
army to its former position. This, of course, neither strengthened tlie army 
ncir encouraged the hearts of the Northern people ; neither were the former 
disposed to quail under defeat, nor the latter to dispair at disappointment. 

"In the West they ended with the splendid Union victory at Mission Ridge, 
which 80 closely followed the terrible assault at Chickamauga, ana, in a measure, 
(X)unteracted the effect of that memorable disaster. 

" The important event occurring with the commencement of 1864 was the 
return of the 'veterans' previously mentioned, who had re-enlisted for another 
term of service, and were in turn on furlough and reorganizing within the 
State." 

With great promptness the soldiers of Michigan, who had served the requisite 
time, availed themselves of the opportunity to re-enlist, and in numbers almost 
surprising, in view of the hardships and dangers they had already passed 
through. 

The proposition of the Government was accepted by 5,545 of them, entitling 
the organizations in which they were serving to tlie designation of "Veteran" 
1st, 2d, and 3d Cavalry; 2d, 5th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 12th, 13th, ]4th, ]6th, and 
16th regiments of infantry; the 6th Heavy Artillery, formerly 6th Infantry; 
and Batteries B, C, and E, 1st Light Artillery. 

In addition to the re-enlistments in these regiments, there were large num- 
bers in others, though not enough to obtain for them the same distinctive 
appellation. Among them were 207 veterans of the 3d, 129 of the 4th, 163 of 
the 7th, and 173 of the 13th Infantry; 157 additional of the 1st Light 
Artillery, 148 of the Engineers and Mechanics, and 213 of the Ist Infantry. 

The veteran regiments mentioned above, and individual veterans re-enlisting 
in other regiments, returned to the State during the winter, receiving, the 
promised furloughs of thirty days each. 

In the regiments of other States there were also companies and parts of 
companies for which credit was given to Michigan, althougli many of them, by 
neglect to forward the muster rolls to the proi)e)' uilicer, were not made avail- 
able either for their benefit or that of the State. 
7 



50 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

From the Adjutant General's Report, 1864: 

"The Legislature, on February 5th, 1864, authorized the payment of $50 
State bounty, from November 11th, 1863, to February 4th, J 864, to tiie re- 
enlisted veterans, and directed the payment of 1 1 00 to all soldieis eiijisting or 
re-enlisting after that date, which was continued until May l4th following. 
Townships, wards, and cities were at this time also empowered by the Legisla- 
ture to raise money by tax for the purpose of paying bounties to volunteers, 
not exceeding two hundred dollars to each soldier. 

"At the commencement of this year there was pending the call of the Presi- 
dent, of October 17th, 1863, for Michigan's quota of 300,000 men, assigned 
at 11,298. 

"On the 1st of February the following order was issued from Washington : 

" 'ExEOtJTiVH Mansion, February 14th, 1864. 

" ' Ordered : That a draft for five hundred thousand men, to serve for three years or 
during the war, be made on the 10th day of March next, for the military service of the 
United States, crediting or deducting therefrom so many as may have been enlisted 
or drafted into the service prior to the 1st day of March, and not heretofore credited. 

" 'ABRAHAM LINCOLN.' 

" The practical interpretation of this order by the Provost Marshal General 
made this merely an extension of the call of October 17th, to the amount of 
200,000 men, or, in other words, a new call of that number. 

"On the 14th of March ensuing, the President made an additional order for 
two hundred thousand men, designating the 15th day of April as the time up 
to which the quotas could be raised by voluntary enlistments, and as soon after 
that date as practicable a draft should be made for the deficit on both calls. 

"An act, approved July 4th, of this year, authorized the President to accept 
volunteers for one, two, or three years, at the option of the lecruit, and 
limited the term of men drafted to fill deficiencies under the President's calls 
to one year. The commutation system was also abolished, as had previously 
been the distinction of classes as regards age, which had been made in the first 
enrollment act. 

"On the 18th of July the President, under authority of this act, issued a 
proclamation calling for 500,000 men, and directing that crediis be allowed to 
States in the reduction of their quotas for all the men furnished for the mili- 
tary service in excess of all previous calls, and that volunteers be accepted for 
one, two, or three years, as they might elect; and further, that immediately 
after the 5th day of September a draft for troops to serve for one year should 
be made for deficiencies existing at that date. 

" The appearance of this call received a ))rompt response on the part of the 
Governor, who imniediutely i-^-sued liis pi'oclaniatioii calling for early and 
earnest efforts to meet the Piesidential inquisition upon the people of this 
State, and pointing out in explicit terms the readiest and most feasible plans 
of doing so. The proclamation, which belongs to the history of Michigan, 
finds a proper place here : 

" 'The President of the United States, in pursuance of a law of Congress, has issued 
his call for five hundred thousand (500,000) volunteers for the military service, and has 
directed that immediately after the 5th day of September, 18()<1:, a draft of troops, to serve 
for one year, shall be lield in every town or sub-district, to till the quota which shall be 
assigned to it, which shall remain unfilled on the said 5lh day of September, 18C'.-1. 

" ' I believe this call to have been eminently proper and necessary for the public ser- 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 61 

vice, and being such, to demand the patriotic, earnest, and hearty response of the people. 
That it will be met in the same spirit that has put Michigan tlius far largely in excess of 
all previous calls, there can be no doubt. The rebellion, as it approaches its final over- 
throw, grows steadily more desperate, wicked, and hateful. Covered with the blood of 
patriots, cursed with the dying breath of starved prisoners, and abhorred by all good men 
for its barbarous butcheries of the unarmed who have ceased to fight, it must perish 
utterly. The people of this State, remembering their past sacrifices only as an additional 
motive to greater exertions in the future, will, I know, enter upon this present duty with 
the activity and energy which does not admit of failure. 

" ' 'I he quota assigned to the State is eighteen thousand two hundred and eiglity-two 
(18,282), of which only a little over twelve thousand (12,000) remain to be recruited, or 
dralted if the recruithig fails. For the purpose of filling the quota, only two resources are 
available, viz.: 1st. Kecruiting in the States declared to be in rebellion, under the act of 
July 4th, except the States of Arkansas, Tennessee, and Louisiana; and 2d. Recruiting 
among our own people. The first of these, I believe, will be founil of no substantial value 
to us at present, for obvious reasons. The points at which this recruiting is to be carried 
on are so remote that the period of fifty days will not be sufficient to enable agents to 
accomplish very much during that time, and they would meet the active competition of 
the older States, paying much larger bounties than our laws enable us to do. I shall not, 
therefore, appoint any such agents to be paid by the State, but will, under proper regula- 
tions, appoint such agents for the benefit of any counties, towns, or sub-dis^tricts which 
may request it, paying the expenses of the agencies for themselves. They will, of course, 
also be entitled to the credits. This course is also justified by the fact that the State has 
no fu:ids appropriated by law for this purpose. 

" ' Substantially, then, our only resource will be that which has always heretofore been 
found sufficient, the patriotism of our own people. 

" ' Recruits will be allowed to enlist for one, two, or three years, as they may prefer, 
and as far as practical ile each recruit may select the regiment in which he will enlist. 
This will always be allowed in the regiments in the field, so long as such regiments are 
below the maximum number. As an inducement to enlist, the Government of the United 
States will pay a bounty of one hundred dollars to recruits enlisting for one year, two 
hundred dollars for those enlisting for two years, and three hundred for those enlisting 
for three years. Such local bounties will be paid as the people of the several towns, 
wards, and sub-districts may authorize in pursuance of law. No State bounty can be 
paid, for the reason that the appropriation made for that purpose is exhausted. For the 
purpose of aiding the recruiting service and giving direction to the public efforts, six new 
regiments will be authoilzed, one of them being located in each Congressional district, 
and I will receive all the new companies that may be ofifered during the fifty days of 
recruiting. All the recruits offered for the new regiments and companies, however, inust 
be enlisted for three years or during the war. Those who enlist for a shorter term than 
three years will go into the regiments now in the field. 

"'I earnestly recommend to all those who enlist under this call, whether in the new 
organizations or the old ones, to do so for the war. This State has thus far raised no 
troops for a less term than three years. Both for the Governm.ent and the soldier the 
longest term is the best. Let us continue to adhere to this policy, which has given us a 
most honorable position in the service, and the reputation of the Michigan soldiery, which 
is now unsurpassed, will continue to grow. 

" ' The work of filling up the quota of the State is for the people. The close of the war 
visibly approaches, and the sure triumph of the Union cause grows manifest. 

"'Our troops are now led by tried and victorious Generals, leaving nothing to be 
desired in that direction. Conquering Union armies are in the very midst of the Confed- 
eracy, progressing steadily towanis the final victory. Let the people of the country 
Stand firmly by the lawful Government, and they can safely meet what is to come.'" 

Although authority was given by the Governor to take advantiige of the 
provisions of the order referred to, so far as it related to recruiting in rebel 
States, he did not approve nor encourage this mode of raising soldiers for the 
Union armies, and did not authorize the payment of tlie expcMises of agents. 
The result was tiiat Michigan did not embrace the op})Oitunity to place in her 
gallant regiments the class of men contemplated, altiion^rh it ni;iv be hero 
stated that several Eastern States were hasty in embracing the opportunity, by 



62 MiOHiGAJSI IN THE WAE. 

sending agents to the States referred to who, upon application to the com-^ 
manding Generals for the required permits, received but very poor encourage- 
ment. General Sherman, in particular, intimated to them that such recruits 
were not particularly desirable for the Union army. ^ 

Orders were issued from the Adjutant General's office as soon as practicable 
to carry into effect the proposition contained in this proclamation, to authorize 
a new regiment of volunteers in each Congressional District, authority for 
whicli had been procured from the War Department. 

On the 26th of July Colonel J. W. Hall was authorized to reorganize the 
4th Infantry, the term of service of wliich had expired, and the regiment been 
mustered out of service. The rendezvous of the regiment was located at 
Adrian, where the old 4th was or£,anized, and Colonel Hall was made com- 
mandant of the camp, with the First District for his operations. 

On the 29th, orders were issued to reorganize the 3d Infantry, whose term 
had also expired. Colonel M. B. Houghton, who was connected with the old 
organization, was entrusted with the charge of raising the new regiment, and 
its camp was placed at Grand Eapids, with the Fourth District for the field of 
its recruiting. 

On the same day the Sixth District was provided for by the appointment of 
Hon. John F. Griggs to take charge of the organization of a new regiment 
therein, to be called the 31st Infantry, with its headquarters at Saginaw. 

A regiment for the Third District, to be called the 29th Infantry, was, on 
the 9th of August, authorized to be raised at Marshall, with Hon. S. S. Lacey 
for commandant of camp. 

In the Second District, Hon. W. B. Williams, of Allegan, was, on the 15th 
of August, entrusted with the organization of the 28th Infantry, with its camp 
at Kalunijizoo. 

On the 24th of August, Major John Atkinson, of the 22d Infantry, was 
authorized to raise and organize the 30th Infantry, its rendezvous to be at 
Pontiac. 

The exigencies of the service did not permit the complete organization of 
these regiments before the enforcement of the impending draft. 

Seven companies, which had been raised for the 30th at Pontiac, were dis- 
tributed between the 3d and 4th, — four companies going to the former and 
three to the latter, and the organization of the 30th was abandoned. 

The 3d, thus reinforced, completed its organization at once, and being 
mustered in with 879 officers and men, left camp for Nashville October 20th. 

The 4th, also, was by the same means enabled to take the field (where a 
number of men belonging to the old organization, whose terms were unex- 
pired, yet remained), and left the State, with 726 officers and men, on the 22d 
of the same month, also for Nashville. 

The 28th and 29th were consolidated into one regiment, designated as the 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 53 

^8th, which, after completing its organization at Kalamazoo, took its route 
thence for Nashville, October 26th, with 886 officers and men. 

The Sixth District regiment completed its organization from its own terri- 
tory, and was the first of the new regiments to leave the State, having broken 
•camp at Saginaw and taken its departure for Nashville on the 6th of October, 
with 856 officers and men. The regiments originally known as the 30th and 
2yth having been consolidatp.d with others, as mentioned above, this regiment 
was numbered the 29th. 

Recruiting having been prosecuted with more or less vigor throughout the 
State, a draft took place on the 10th of June to fill deficiencies under all for- 
mer calls, including that of October 17th, 1863, and those of February 1st and 
March 14th, 1864, which was followed by supplementary drafts in sub-districts 
which the principal draft failed to fill. And again, on the 20th of September, 
there was another draft to supply deficiencies under the call of July 18th and 
those which remained under the calls preceding it. 

The results of the efforts made during the first ten months of the year in 
the several counties of this State to fill the armies of the United States, both 
by enlistment and by draft, are as follows: The number of volunteers enlisted 
in the army, 20,041; the number of men drafted, 1,956; the number of vet- 
erans re-enlisted, 5,445; the number of men enlisted in the navy, 430; the 
total credits in numbers, 27,972; the numbers credited on each term of service 
from the 1st of January to the 31st of October, 1864: One year, 5,002; two 
years, 39; three years, 22,931. 

The men who paid commutation, as provided by laws in force previous to 
July 4th, are included among the drafted men to the number of 356. 

It is shown in this exhibit that the total number of men raised in the State 
between the 1st of January and 31st of October, 1864, including drafted men 
commuting, was 27,972; deduct men commuting, 356; total number of men 
actually raised during the ten months mentioned, 27,616. 

The report of the Adjutant General's department for ]863 showed that the 
actual number of men furnished by the State from the beginning of the war 
to December 3l8t, 1863, was 53,749; the number furnished during the first ten 
months of 1864, as shown above is 27,616; making a total to November 
1st, 1864, of 81,365. The true credit of the State, as represented at the War 
Department, up to the last date mentioned, is obtained by adding the number 
of men commuting, viz.: 1,982; showing the total credit of the State to be 
83,347. 

Tiie striking fact is exhibited by these figures that during ten months only 
of 186-1 the State of Michigan had furnished more than half as many men for 
the service as were sent from the State during the whole of the fiist three years 
of the war, and of this large number of men actually furnished, only 1,600 were 
drafted. 



54 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 



The system of preserving records of credits by sub-districts, required by the 
law for enrolling and calling out the national forces, did not become practically 
operative until the 19th of September, 1863. In the books of the War Depart- 
ment enlistments made previous to that date were entered to the credit of the 
State at large. All that had been made after that were placed directly to the 
credit of the sub-district furnishing them. 



APPROXIMATE NUMBER OP TROOPS 

Furnished by the several Counties of the State, prior to November 1st, 1864. This Ta- 
ble does not include the Three Months' Infantry, Michigan Companies in Regiments 
of other States, and some 2,000 additional Soldiers whose residence could not be 
ascertained. 



C0DNTIE3. 


CredttB from 
JanuHi-y Ist, to 
Oct. 3l8t, 1864. 


Enlistm^nta, 
etc., prior to Jan - 
umy iBt, 1864 


Additinnnl 
EnlistiiipiiU pri- 
or to January lit, 


Aggregate 
Oct. aibt, l!564. 


Allegan 


656 
37 
21 


1,140 
13 

1 

14 

2 

221 

1 

895 

1,825 

1,558 

989 

17 

1,017 

2,136 

15 


47 
1 


1,843 


Alpena 


51 


Antrim 


22 


Alcona. 


1 


15 


Ashland 






Bay 


247 

46 

517 

932 

8G4 

591 

11 

449 

1,193 

5 

19 

691 

6 

192 

84 

861 

9n2 

134 

150 

651 

660 

13 

55 

955 

983 

1,134 

18 

44 

551 

630 

1,292 

71 

78 

252 


9 


477 


Benzie . 


47 


Barry 


37 
74 
63 

40 

1 

41 

87 

1 


1 449 


Berrien 


2,831 

2,485 

1,620 

29 


Branch 


Cass 


Cheboygan 


Clinton • 


1,507 

3,416 

21 


Calhoun 


Chippewa 


Delta 


19 


Eaton 


889 

29 

357 

79 

1,418 

1,61)4 

162 

298 

1,114 

1,498 

6 

61 

1,794 

1,731 

2,666 

95 

26 

1,015 

1,012 

2,503 

185 

64 

399 


36 

1 
14 

3 
58 
65 

7 
12 
45 
61 

3" 

73 

70 

108 

4 

1 

41 

41 

102 

8 

3 

16 


1,516 

36 

563 


Emmet. 

Gratiot 


Grand Traverse 


166 


Genesee 


2 337 


Hillsdale 


2,571 
303 


Huron 


Houghton 


460 


Ingham 


1,810 

2,219 

19 


Ionia 


Iosco 


J sabella 


119 


Jackson 


2,822 

2,78i 

3,908 

117 


Kalamazoo 


Kent 


Keweenaw 


Leelanaw 


71 


Lapeer 


1,607 

1,683 

3,897 

264 




Lenawee 




Mecosta 


145 


Muskegon 


670 







MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 
APPROXIMATE NUMBER OF TROOPS.— Contikied. 



65 



COUNTIES. 


1 

Credits from 

jHimaiv l^t to 

Oct. Sist, lSti4. 


Enlistments, 
etc., iirioi tn Jan- 
uary 1st, 18ti4. 


Ailditionnl 
EnliBtmcnts pri- 
or to .Janiiarj 
Ist, lSti4. 


AgpregHte, 
Oct. 31ht. 1864, 


Montcalm 


218 

35 

36 

78 

7 

59 

760 

746 

19 

150 

1,270 


335 

12 

5 

6 

2 

60 

1,294 

1,241 

193' 

1,838 

1 

128 

184 

888 

1,041 

1,129 

1,498 

1,569 

437 

345 

1,039 

2,105 

5,594 


14 

1 


567 


Mason . 


48 


jNIackiiiac . .. --. 


41 


Manistee .... 




84 


Manitou 




9 


M idland ... 


3 
53 
51 


122 


Macofub 


2,107 


Monroe ... 


2,038 


I^lenominee . .... 


19 


Ne wayfifo 


8 
75 


351 


Oakland 


3,18a 


Oscoola .. ..... ... 


1 


Ocpana 


60 

62 

427 

8-21 

475 

830 

840 

293 

272 

581 

1,353 

2,682 


5 
8 

36 
43 
46 
61 
64 
18 
14 
42 
85 
225 


193 


Ontonagon ..... 


254 


Ottawa. 


1,351 


iSaijinaw . 


1,905. 


Shiawassee ... 


1,650 


St. Clair 


2,389 


St. Joseph 


2,473 


Sanilac 


748 


Tuscola 

Van Buren .... ..... 


631 
1,662 


Washtenaw. ................. 


3,543 


Way u e . ... .. 


8,501 






Total 


27,972 


49,793 


2,626 


79,791 







The above aggregate of credits is somewhat smaller that that shown in 
previous statements, and the difference is caused by the number enlisting in 
the earlier stages of the. war whose residence was not reported or could not be 
obtained. The entire three months' regiment enlisting in 1861 is for this 
cause omitted from the figures of the statement. 

The term of service of the 11th infantry having expired during the month 
of September, 1864, a desire was manifested by some of the officers of that 
regiment to renew its organization. Orders were issued accordingly, on the 
3d of that month, and authority given to Colonel Wm. L. Stoughton to com- 
mand the camp of rendezvous at Sturgis. 

On the 3d of November, Major General Hooker, commanding the depart- 
ment, being in the State on a personal inspection, recommended to the Secre- 
tary of War that, in view of the exposed condition of the frontier, then 
threatened by outlaws and their sympathizers in Canada, and the limited num- 
ber of troops posted for its defense, a regiment of volunteers for twelve months 
be raised in the State for duty along the Detroit and St. Clair rivers. Dis- 
patches investing the Governor with authority for this purpose were the next 
day received from Washington, and on the 7th orders were issued to organize 
the 30th Infantry, with its rendezvous at Jackson. In acting upon applica- 



56 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 



tions for authority to raise compauies and parts of companies for this regiment, 
preferense was given to those who had seen service. On the 22d, Lieut. Col. 
Gt. S. Wormer of the 8th Cavalry was appointed Colonel of the 30th, and com- 
mandant of the camp. Its rendezvous and headquarters were on th^ 10th of 
December removed to Detroit, 

The approach of the winter caused no abatement of the activity of the Union 
armies, nor checked the increasing magnitude of their operations. To meet 
the necessities of the gigantic campaigns then going forward under the direc- 
tion of the Lieutenant General, the President on the 19th of December issued 
a call for 300,000 men to supply a deficiency on the call of the 18th of July, 
and directing that should the quotas assigned not be filled before the 15th 
day of February following, a draft should be made for the deficiency then 
existing. 

Enrollment of the several counties of the State, December 31, 1864, and their Quotas 

under call of December 19. 



COUNTIES. 



Allegan 

Alpena 

Antrim 

Branch 

Berrien . . . 

Barry 

Bay 

Benzie. 

Chippewa. 
Cass 



Calhoun. 

Cheboygan 

Chnton 

Delta 

Eaton 

Emmet.. . . 

Grand Traverse. 

Genesee , , 

Gratiot 

Hillsdale 

Houghton 

Huron 

Ingham 

Ionia 

Isabella 

Iosco 

•Jackson 

Kalamazoo 

Keweenaw 

Kent 



Enrollment 


Quota under 


December 


Call of 


31, 1864. 


Dec. 19, 1864. 


1,472 


206 


89 


5 


49 


10 


2,220 


250 


2,439 


317 


1,146 


165 


528 


25 


120 


26 


59 


66 


1,467 


174 


3,174 


472 


35 


4 


1,347 


57 


35 
1,527 




234 


21 


2 


181 


38 


1,954 


86 


375 


60 


2,728 


218 


780 


271 


213 


61 


1,708 


279 


1,813 


218 


123 


15 


30 


7 


3,135 


420 


2,9(15 


327 


1,158 


589 


2,6G1 


295 



COUNTIBS. 



Leelanaw 

Lenawee 

Livingston 

Lapeer 

Monroe 

Montcalm 

Muskegon 

Mecosta .- 

Mason 

Manitou .... 

Manistee -- 

Mackinac .' 

Midland 

Menominee 

Macomb 

Marquette & Sch'icraft 

Newaygo 

Ottawa 

Oceana 

Ontonagon 

Oakland 

St. Clair 

St. Joseph 

Saginaw 

Sanilac. 

Shiawassee 

Tuscola 

Van Buren 

Washtenaw 

Wayne 



Total. 



Enrollment 
December 
31, 1864. 



87 

4,787 

1,619 

1,300 

1,613 

527 

407 

102 

49 

28 

122 

87 

149 

69 

2,018 

225 

299 

1,436 

212 

476 

3,644 

1,895 

2,209 

2,160 

573 

1,161 

552 

1,540 

3,687 

9,574 



77,999 



Quota under 

Call of 
Dec. 19, 1864. 



18 

439 

206 

134 

198 

80 

63 

15 

13 

7 

5 

19 

5 

32 

225 

182 

57 

189 

31 

316 

471 

222 

323 

130 

71 

63 

20 

205 

503 

871 



10,010 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 67 

The following is taken from the Ked Book of Michigan : 

"The end of operations in 1864 found the Army of the Potomac in the 
trenches before Petersburg, holding Lee as in a trap, Sherman's army in pos- 
session of Savannah, and Thonius successful in Tennessee. 

"This memorable year was fraught with great results to the Nation, effected 
by the unparalleled fighting of hosts of men, wading deep in human blood 
through carnage dense. 

"The day and night advances of Grant's army on Richmond were to the 
Northern people movements producing intense anxiety, strong hope, fervent 
prayers for success, and sorrow and sadness for the patriots passing away. 

"The desperate advance of Hood on Nashville had been most successfully 
met by General Thomas, his army completely defeated, routed, and driven in 
hot haste southward in a most demoralized condition. 

"General Sherman had gallantly driven the enemy from beyond Chatta- 
nooga and onwards, had battered down his strong works at Atlanta, then 
bidding farewell to his friends, and placing both flanks of his noble army in 
air, swung off for the sea, leaving the Nation in great ignorance and intense 
uneasiness as to his movements and safety, and is first heard from in the dis- 
patch of General Howard, of his army, saying : 'We have had perfect success, 
and the army is in fine spirits;' and then by General Sherman himself, send- 
ing to Abraham Lincoln a telegram covering the capture of Savannah as a 
Christmas present." 

The Adjutant General's report for 1864 contains the following : 

"During the past year the calls made by the General Government on the 
State for troops to sustain the National armies in the field were filled with the 
usual promptness and cordiality of the people, and notwithstanding the long 
and unexpected continuance of the war, thereby causing the necessity for 
repeated and urgent demands on the men in the State capable of bearing arms, 
to fill the depleted ranks, and upon all classes for means in shape of bounties 
to encourage and secure the recruitment of quotas, and upon individuals in 
payment for substitutes, the claims of the Government were liberally met and 
the account more than balanced, and although the drafts, in many instances, 
bore hard on communities and individuals, yet they were fully carried into 
effect, and the laws under which they were matie strongly and peacefully sus- 
tained in every section of the State, thereby again persistently attesting the 
loyal patriotism of her law-abiding people, their determination to uphold all 
efforts and n)casiires having for their objects the forcible overthrow of the 
rebellion, the ))uiiishnient of traitors wherever found, and the re-establishment 
of National obedience to the constituted authorities of the land." 

Michigan commenced 1865 with that determination to crush out the rebel- 
lion which had characterized her soldiers and people so far during the war, as 
expressed through the Legislature in the following resolution, included among 
the joint resolutions on the state of the Union, approved March 21st, 18(35: 

''Resolved, by the Senate and House of Representatives of the State of Michi- 
gan, That in the name, and in behalf of the people of the State of Michigan, 
we hereby rcailirm the devotion of this Commonwealth to the Constitution 
and Government of tlie United States, and the earnest determination of its 
people to do everything in their power to support and sustain the National 



58 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

Administration, in all measures for the vigorous prosecution of the existing 
war, the utter overthrow of armed rebellion, and the punishment of traitors, 
until a permanent peace shall be secured, based upon the submission of the 
rebels, the supremacy of the Government, and the establishment of tiie Federal 
Union in all its integrity, one and inseparable, throughout the entireland." 

The troops from Michigan, while absent from their homes, honoring -their 
State in the field in tliese important campaigns, were never forgotten by the 
Executive, nor by the people. Governor Blair, in bis message delivered to the 
Legislature, January 4th, 1865, greets them most affectionately from the Capi- 
tol of the State, on vacating the chair which he had so well filled and highly 
honored with distinguished ability and efficiency during the years of the war 
that had passed. In the administration of his executive duties, he had been so 
devoted to the best interests of his State, so true and loyal to his country, so 
fair and clear in all his public acts, so untiring in the discharge of his arduous 
and perplexing duties, so eminently pure in his private life, and so thoughtful 
at all times of the soldier in the field, that his official career had been de- 
servedly marked with great popularity among the troops, as well as with the 
entire people. The Governor alluded to them in the following beautiful and 
kindly language : 

"Again, and for the last time, I commend the Michigan troops to your con- 
tinued care and support. They have never failed in their duty to the country 
or to the State. Upon every great battle field of the war their shouts have 
been heard and their sturdy blows have been delivered for the Union and vic- 
tory. Their hard earned fame is the treasure of every household in the State, 
and the red blood of their veins has been poured out in large measure to redeem 
the rebellious South from its great sin and curse. At this hour they stand 
under the flag of their country, far away from home, in every quarter where 
the enemy is to be met — along the banks of the father of waters, in the great 
city at its mouths, on the Arkansas, in the captured forts of the Gulf, by the 
waters of the Cumberland, the Tennessee, and of the Savannah, in the chief 
citv of the Empire State of the South, among the conquering columns in the 
Valley of tlie Shenandoah, and in the trenches under tlie eye of the Lieutenant 
General in the great leaguer of Peteisburg and Richmond. Alas, that they 
are also perishing of cold and hunger, and disease, in the filthy rebel prisons 
and pestilential camps of the South. In every situation their bravery has won 
the apjjroval of their commanders, and their heroic endurance of hardships 
has added lustre to their name. It is my sole regret at quitting office that I 
part with them. My earnest efforts for their good shall follow them while I 
live, and now from this place I bid them hail, and farewell !" 

Early in 18()5 it was assumed that Michigan was not receiving full credit for 
her tliree yeais men, consequently the Governor requested the Adjutant Gen- 
eral to make a statement, which follows, setting forth the facts, and to pro- 
ceed to Washington, with a view to obtaining a reduction of her quota. 

The presentation of the case to the Provost Marshal General brought out his 
reply, which is also herein inserted. 



I 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 5& 

Not Siitisfied with tlip decision arrived at by General Fry, the Adjutant Gen- 
eral referred the matter to Senator Chandler and Congressman Ferry, who 
went with him to the Secretary of War and were by him referred to the Presi- 
dent. 

On gaining a hearing, Mr. Chandler stated the matter fully and strongly to- 
the President, and while he was talking Mr. Lincoln seemed very much per- 
plexed, and even gloomy. When Chandler eiided, he said; "Mr. Chandler,. 
I cannot do anything fnr you. We need men. Yours is the third State mak- 
ing the same demand to-day, and I believe that the bottom of the thing i& 
falling out." 

MiiTTARY Department, Michigan, ) 

Adjutant General's Offick,. > 

Detroit, February 6th, 1865. ) 

Hon. E. M. Sfanfofi, Sprrefnry of War: 

Sir: — I am directed by His Excellency, the Governor of Michigan, to pre- 
sent to your consideration the following statements: 

Under the call of the President of December 19th, 1864, 300,000 men are 
required to supply the deficiency under the call of July 18th, 18(54, and to pro- 
vide for casualties. 

The entire quota of Michigan, under the call of July 18th, 1864, as originally 
assigned by the Provost Marshal General, was 18,28:^, which, after the enroll- 
nifiit had been amended, was reduced to 15,760. 

Up to and including the 3J8t of December, 1864, there had been enlisted ii> 
tins State, and credited by the Acting Assistant Provosc Marshal General since 
the call of July, the following number of men : 

For one year, 6,016; for two years, 50; for three years, 10,121, making a 
total of men absolutely enlisted and credited of 16,187. 

This statement shows that instead of there being a deHcievcy in this State, 
under the call of July 18th, to be provided for under tlie additional call now 
pending, there was on the 31st of December an actual surplus standing to the 
credit of the State of 427, counting each man without regard to the term of his 
enlistment as a unit. 

lu the calculations, based upon periods of service, made at the office of the 
Provost Marshal General, and which entirely accord with those made by the 
Acting Assistant Provost Marshal General of this State, the proportion of men 
enlisted for three years entitled the State to a surplus credit on the call of July 
of 20,719; one year men to be credited to the present call. 

On the 31st of December this Department was officially notified that the 
quotas of the several Congressional Districts of Michigan, under the call of 
December lUth, 1864, after deducting credits, were as follows: 



First District 449 

Second District 1,404 

Third District 1,794 



Fourth District 459 

Fifth District 

Sixth District 1.716 



Total 5,822 

On the 4th of Febrnary, however, a further notification wns received from 
the Acting Assistant Provost Marslial General of the State, which placed the 



€0 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 



entire quota of the State of Michigan, under the call of December, at 30,745 
men, or 30,745 years of service, which, after deducting the credits to which 
they were entitled, placed the quota of the several Congressional Districts as 
iollows: 



First District 1,726 

Second District 1,801 

Third District 1,918 



Fourth District 1,263 

Fifth District 1,329 

Sixth District 1,986 



Total after deducting credits 10,026 

A quota for Michigan of over 30,000 on a total call of 300,000, being more 
than one-tenth of the whole, it is apparent at a glance involves an enormous 
•error in calculation. 

The unquestioned fact that there was a surplus in Michigan under the call 
■of July, entirely excludes the State from any computations based upon the 
-deficiencies under that call, and limits its liability subject to the modifjcations 
produced by allowing the credits promised for long terms of service to the 
requirements of the demand for 300,000 men. 

It is submitted that justice requires that a new and largely reduced quota 
fihall be assigned to this State. 

I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, 

JNO. ROBERTSON, 
Adjutant General Michigan. 

War Department, ) 

Provost Marshal General's Bureau, v 

Waslmigton, D. C, February 14th, 1865. ) 

Gen. John Rolertson, Adjutant General State of Michigan, Detroit, Mich.: 

General : I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter to 
the Honorable, the Secretary of War, dated the 6th instant; and in reply 
thereto I beg leave to say: The quota of the State of Michigan is her equitable 
proportion of the 300,000 men called for by the President on the 19th of 
December, taking into account her enrollment as it stood on the 31st day of 
December, the amount of men heretofore furnished and the periods of their 
enlistment. 

A portion of the call of July 18th for 500,000 men was filled by credits 
allowed to the different States and districts, for men previously furnished, and 
not heretofore credited, and thus less than 500,000 were put in service under 
the July call, and hence it is that the December call is said to be a call to 
make up deficiencies. But as that call was filled, either by men or lawful 
credits, there is no actual deficiency in the accounts of any State or district, 
and the December call of 300,000 has been apportioned to all the districts, in 
proportion to their enrollment, and the amount of service heretofore furnished. 

In the assignment of the present quotas the State of Michigan has received 
credit for 20,719 years of service, which she had as excess, under the July 
call. But as tliat call is for 300,000 men in addition to all men heretofore 
furnished, that excess is not deducted from the quota, except to the extent that 
it exceeds the average amount of excess furnished by the other States. If all 
the States had furnished the same amount of excess (in proportion to their 
enrollment) then the quotas of all the States would have been in exact proper- 



MICHIGAN IM mil. WAH. 61 

tion to their respective enrollments; but if none of the States had been in 
excess, then the quota of the State of Michigan would have been to that extent 
diminished. 

But as all the States have more or less excess, and as the call was to obtain 
additional men, the excess was added to the call and distributed to the States 
according to the enrollment, and then the specific amount of excess which each 
State had was deducted from its quota. 

The approximate quotas assigned in December was made up from incom- 
plete data, and have been revised and corrected, which accounts for the differ- 
ence alluded to in your communication. 

A commission has been appointed by the President to examine and report 
upon the correctness of the quotas of all the States and districts, and the 
principles upon which they are assigned, and the amounts of credits allowed 
to each. 

Until I have been advised by the report of the committee that error has 
intervened in the assignment of the quotas of the State of Michigan, I am at a 
loss to discover that any injustice has been done to the State. 
I have the honor to be, sir. 

Very respectfully, your obedient serv't, 

JAMES B. FRY, 
Prov, Marshal Oeneral, 

The whole matter relative to Michigan and other States was referred by the- 
President to a committee to in\v gate General Fry's mode of equalizing 
credits and assigning quotas, who reported as follows: 

"The call for three hundred thousand men, made by the President on the 
]9th of December, 1864, requires that that number shall be raised. But the 
law requires that the number of men previously furnished by different locali- 
ties, and the periods of their service shall be considered, so as to equalize the 
draft. The number of men liable to military duty is to be determined by the 
enrollment lists. The number of men which had been furnished by the vari- 
ous localities, and their periods of service were ascertained, and previous 
accounts having been adjusted, the excesses, where they existed, were carried 
forward under the last draft. The amount of service furnished is determined 
by multiplying the number of men raised by the number of years' service for 
which they enlisted. Having thus ascertained tlie number of men enrolled on 
the 3l8t of December, 1864, the number of men furnished up lo that date, the 
localities from which they came, and the periods of their service, it is proposed 
to distribute the call for three hundred thousand men among the several dis- 
tricts and parts of districts according to the number enrolled in each, and tlie 
number of men furnished and the periods of service i)reviously rendered by 
each. The rule by which this is accomplished is as follows: 

"Take the whole number of years of service furnished by the districts of the 
United Slates from the commencement of the rebellion to the 31st December, 
1864; from that sum deduct the whole number of men furnished from all 
the districts of the United States up to that date. The remainder will be the 
excess of years of service furnished by all the districts. Multiply the call of 
December 19th, 18(i4, by three, to have the number of years' service upon that 
call, and to this add the excess as ascertained above. Then, as the number of 
men enrolled from the whole United States, up to 31st December, 1864, is to 



•62 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

the period of service as above ascertained, so is the number of men enrolled in 
a given district to the number of years of service it is required to furnish, in- 
cluding its pro rata share of the excess. From this sum deduct the actual 
excess the district furnished; the remainder is the number of years' service 
which the district is required to furnish under the call of December Iflth, 1SC4, 
which divided by tliree gives the number of men required from the district. 

"As this call is for 300.000 men, that number cannot be reduced by men 
going in for a period longer than one year. Inequalities produced by going 
under this call for longer periods than one year must be equalized on future 
■calls. It will be perceived that though the aggregate of the excess furnished is 
added to the whole call, the excess of each district is afterward subtracted from 
its quata. Thus the number of men called for is neither increased nor dimin- 
ished, but equally produced, considering the number of men and the periods of 
their service. Localities which have heretofore furnished a greater amount of 
service have, in proportion to their enrollment, a less amount to furnish under 
this call, and conversely. Men having heretofore enlisted for one, two, and 
three years, it was necessary to take one of these periods as the basis of the 
calculation. As three years embraced both the other periods it makes the cal- 
culation more simple to adopt that. The same result wotild be arrived at by 
adopting either one or two years as the basis but the process of calculation 
would be more complicated. Such we find to be the rule adopted by the Pro- 
vost Marshal General, and find that it has been done with fairness. We file in 
the Provost Marshal General's office our calculation of the quota of each and 
-every district indorsed by us as correct. 

JAMES SPEED, 

AWy Gen'lofthe U. 8. 

R. DELAFIELD, 
Brig. Gefi'land C. Eng. of the U. S. A. 

C. W. FOSTER, 



Approved Feb. 17th, 1865. 

By order of the Secretary of War, 



Col. and Asst. Adjt. General. 
A. LINCOLN. 



E. D. TOWNSEND, 

Asst. Adjt. General. 



Notwithstanding this investigation and the decision rendered, it was claimed 
that Michigan did not receive full credit for her three years service, but in 
view of the fact, as stated by Mr. Lincoln, that the country needed men, the 
claim was waived, and the State cheerfully proceeded with the filling of her 
quota. 

During the session of the Legislature in 1865, the following concurrent reso- 
lution was unanimously passed : 

"Whereas, The Hon. Austin Blair, whose valedictory message was delivered 
io this Legislature on the fifth of January, eighteen hundred and sixty-five, has 
retired to private life ; 

"And whereas, The four years of his administration have been the most 
laborious, as well as the most perilous in the history both of the State and of the 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 63 

nation, with eleven of the most Southern States banded together in the most 
unjustifiable rebellion the world has ever known ; 

"And whereas, Governor Bhiir's administration has been marked by emi- 
nent ability, rare integrity, and unsurpassed success, as shown by the enlist- 
ments and organization into companies, regiments, and batteries, in the most 
perfect military order, of over eighty thousand men, as brave, true, and patri- 
otic as ever bared their breasts to any foe ; therefore 

" Be.-'Olred (the Senate concurring), That the thanks of the people of Mieh- 
igan, through this Legislature, are hereby cordially tendered to ex-Governor 
Blair, for the able and satisfactory manner in wiiich he has, during his admin- 
istration of the last four years, been able to conduct the affairs of the govern- 
ment of the State." 

Following Governor Blair, Henry H. Crapo took the executive chair, bringing 
to the service of the State and the nation strong and inherent patriotism, great 
ability, scrupulous honesty of purpose, and a most remarkable and preeminent 
degree of physical and mental energy, with almost continuous application, giv- 
ing his administration great efficiency and much popularity. The Governor, 
in his inaugural message delivered to the Legislature, referring to the Michigan 
troops in the field, for whom he always entertained the most profound respect 
and the highest appreciation of their valuable services, says, with much elo- 
quence and feeling, while alluding to the great loss of life among them and of 
the cause in which they were then still engaged : 

"This is indeed a fearful sacrifice to be made even in the cause of liberty, 
justice, and humanity, and fearful is the penalty and terrible is the sutiering 
which the authors and leaders of treason and rebellion deserve and must endure 
as a just consequence of this enormous crime. These brave men — the Michigan 
troops — are worthy of all praise. I commend them to your warmest sympa- 
thies, to your highest regards, to your active sup[)ort. They have done heroic 
deeds on every battle field ; they have won a name for undaunted courage in 
every conflict with a deadly and persistent foe ; they have endured hardships 
and privations without a murmur, and their loyalty and patriotism have never 
yet been tarnished. Those who have fallen upon the battle field or on the 
march, or have died in hospitals — who now sleep in death, martyrs to the cause 
of human freedom — our gratitude, our sympathies can never reach. But of 
those who suffer through loss of them, and of those bi'ave veterans who yet 
survive, we should ever be mindful. A nation's gratitude should over be theirs, 
and justice, at least, should be their reward. * * * * 

"Although the rebellion, involving a civil war of unparalleled magnitude, 
which was inaugurated at the close of the administration of James Buchanan 
by conspirators and traitors for the overthrow of our Government, still aims its 
blows at the dismemberment of the Union, causing the devastation of portions 
of our fair land, depleting the National Treasury, and destroying many of our 
best, most loyal, and patriotic men, the effurts for its suppression continue to 
be prosecuted wich undiminished vigor and with unfaltering jiurpo-e; and the 
events of the past year liave served but to increase our confidence in the perma- 
nency and power of our republican institutions. Tlie nation, it is true, has 
been surely tried, yet it has exhibited strength and resources far beyond the 



64 MIClllGAM iSs THE WAB. 

most sanguine hopes of its friends ; while its enemies, both at home and abroad, 
have been compelled to confess their disappointment." * * 

Nor were they forgotten by the Legislature of the State ; for on the 22d of 
February, 1866, that body passed the following concurrent resolutiofl : 

^^ Resolved, by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring), That 
on- this anniversary of the birthday of the Father of his Country the thanks of 
this Legislature, and tlirough us of the people of the State, are hereby tendered 
to the soldiers of Michigan who promptly responded to the call of their country 
in its time of peril ; and who by their fortitude and soldierly bearing under the 
privations and hardships of a soldier's life, *in camp and field, through march 
and siege,' and by their indomitable bravery and heroism on scores of battle- 
fields, have won exalted honor to themselves, and crowned with unfading glory 
the name and fame of Michigan.'* 

With the great increase of Government, State, and local bounties in 1864 
commenced the decrease of patriotism to a great extent among those enlisting 
outside of the armies in the field, which continued to lessen and lessen, 
and at the commencement of 1865 was not held out as any part of the induce- 
ments to enter the service. Enlistments had become a matter of bargain and 
sale, dollars and cents almost entirely ruling the action. 

On January 1st, 1865, the 11th Regiment of Infantry was in process of 
recruitment, and the organization of the 30th, designed for duty on the Mich- 
igan frontier, was completed on the 9th and mustered into service with the 
maximum number, and at once assigned to duty along the Detroit and St. 
Clair rivers, with headquarters at Detroit. Little progress, however, had been 
made in filling up the 11th until February, when vigorous measures toward 
that end were adopted, and on the 4th of March four companies left camp at 
Jackson, for Nashville, Tennessee. On the 18th of the same month the 
remaining six companies had completed their organization, and on that day 
also took the route to Nashville, in command of Colonel P. H. Keegan, the 
muster-in rolls of the regiment showing a strength of 898 officers and men. 

On February 4th the Legislature authorized the payment of 8150 State 
bounty, which continued to be paid until the 14th of May following. Town- 
ships were empowered at the same time to pay a bounty of $100, which was 
also paid until recruiting ceased in the State. 

The successful operations of the United States armies having brought the 
war to a close by the utter overthrow of the rebel forces early in the spring of 
1865, orders were at once issued to abandon all pending measures for the 
reinforcement of the National arms, and recruiting, as well as operations 
under the draft, ceased on the 14th of April. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 



65 



TABLE showing the number of men raised in each County of the State, between Novem- 
ber 1, 1S64, and the suspension of recruiting, April 14, ISO'S, together with the number 
previously raised therein under the Enrollment System, and the total number credited 
to each County from September 19, 1S63, to the close of the yVar: 



SUB-DISTRICTS. 


Enlisted Since 
Nuv. 1, jsei. 


Producl 
of Diiift 
duiiiig 
Siiine 
Period. 


Tebm of Service Cred- 

ITKD. 


Total 
Credit in 
N'uibers 

Bince 
Nov. 1, 

]St;4. 


Hpretofore 

Credited 

under 

Eiiiolliu'nt 
Syaliui. 


Apgr'g't© 

Credits 

troni 

Seiit. 19, 




Army. 


Navy. 


1 Year. 


2 YearB. 


3 Years. 


18h3, to 

cliise of 

War. 


Alleeran .... 


238 
2 

7 
142 


14 


80 

4 


309 

6 

7 

172 

21 

31 

273 

327 

185 

392 

1 

89 


15 


8 


332 
6 

7 

176 

21 

34 

291 

348 

212 

462 

2 

99 


802 
22 

44 
640 

49 

312 

995 

1,107 

827 

1,474 

14 
647 

1^ 

15 

720 

1,002 

253 

92 

1,222 

150 

160 

803 

802 

68 

18 

1,346 

18 

1,337 

1,224 

760 

1,837 

51 

675 

847 

280 

963 

19 

71 

291 

78 

36 

7 

78 

43 

67 

152 

62 

1,551 

1 93 

678 

1 583 

1 1.05] 

1 


1,134 


Antrim . . 


28 


Alpena . .. 






51 


Barry ... 




34 
21 

7 

69 

48 

52 

932 

2 

7 




4 


816 


Beuzie . 


70 


Bay 


27 
210 
300 
160 
421 


"12 


"'3' 
""16' 


3 

15 
21 

27 

60 

1 

10 


346 


Branch.. ..... . .. 


1,286 
1,455 
1,039 


Berrien 


Cass 


Calhoun . ... 


1,936 
16 


Chebovgan 


Clinton 

Chippewa 


92 




746 
5 


Delta 






5 

3 

33 

17 

60 

4 

86 


5 
3 

205 

177 

78 

4 

320 






5 

3 

225 

181 

83 

5 

357 


24 


Emmet . 










18 


Eaton 


192 

164 

23 

1 

271 




1 


19 

4 
5 

1 
37 




945 


Genesee - .. 


1,183 
336 


Gratiot ..... 


Grand Traverse 

Hillsdale 


97 

1,579 

150 


Houghton 


Huron 


11 
204 
211 

13 




28 
83 
34 
5 
8 
56 


36 
273 
232 

18 
8 
352 
1 
298 
380 
188 
415 

26 
151 
158 

70 
232 


^. 


3 
13 
13 


39 

287 
245 

18 
8 
410 
2 
306 
437 
204 
540 

27 
169 
232 

73 
253 


199 


Ingham .... . 


1,090 
1 047 


Ionia . ......... 


Isabella. ..... .... 


86 


Iosco ...... 






26 


Jackson .. 


347 
2 

191 
381 
121 
462 
5 
135 
154 
47 
216 


7 


7 

2 
""2 

"'i' 


51 

1 

7 

55 

16 

123 

1 
18 
74 

3 
20 


1,756 


Keweenaw 


20 


Kent - 




115 

56 
83 
78 
22 
34 
78 
26 
37 


1,643 

1,661 

964 




Livingston 


Lenawee 


2,377 

78 

844 


Leelanaw 

Lapeer 


Monroe 


1,079 


ilontcalm 


353 


Macomb 


1,216 
19 


Menominee 


Marquette ) 

Schoolcraft ) 

Muskegon 


1 

64 
3 
5 










1 


1 

66 

14 

11 

1 

4 

4 

7 

61 


72 




2 
11 
6 
1 
3 
4 
2 

25 


66 

13 

10 

1 

4 

4 

6 

57 




357 


Mecosta. 




1 

1 


92 


Mason 


4l1 


Manitou 


8 


Manistee 


1 








82 


Mackinac 






47 


Midland 


5 
36 






1 
4 


74 


Newaygo 


213 


Ontonagon 


1 62 


Oakland 


492 
19 

184 
91 

299 


"'i' 
"3" 


43 
11 
11 
12 
61 


432 

28 
182 

98 
282 


2 

"I' 

1 

6 


101 

2 

i 1*' 
4 


535 
30 
196 
103 
363 


2,086 


Oceana 


123 


Ottawa 


874 


Shiawassee 

SX. Joseph 


686 
1,414 



6t} 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 



TABLE showing the number of men raised, etc. — Continued. 



SUB-DISTBICTS. 



Sanilac 

St. Clair... 

Saginaw 

Tuscola 

Van Buren 
Washtenaw 
Wayne 

Totals.... 



Enlisted Since 
Nov. 1, 1804. 


Product 
of Draft 

during 
same 

Period. 


Term of StnviCE Cred- 
ited. 


Total 

Credit in 

N'nibers 

since 

Nov. 1, 

1864. 


Army. 


Navy. 


1 Year. 


2 Years. 


3 Years. 


24 
148 
115 

16 
158 
517 
619 


...... 

4 


9 
64 
19 
17 
61 
20 
93 


26 
167 
126 

32 
198 
378 
471 


1 

'""4' 

4 

1 


6 

45 

8 

1 

20 

159 

240 


33 
212 
134 

33 

222 
541 
712 


7,547 


63 


1,782 


8,024 


66 


1,292 


9,382 



Beretofore 
Credited 
utuli^ 

EnrolliiTnt 
System. 



346 

991 

1,020 

320 

717 

1,765 

3,631 



Aggr'c'te 

Ciedili 

troiii 

Pept in, 
Km, to 

close of 
War. 

379 
1,203 
1,154 
353 
939 
2,306 
4,343 



35,247 ! 44,629 



GENEEAL SUMMARY OF RESULTS, 

Showing aggregate numbers, in detail, of the credits allowed to each County in the State 
during the operations of the Enrollment System, together with the number of men 
enlisting, previously to the adoption of that System, and reported to the Adjutant 
Generals office as residents thereof, and the total, aj)proximately , of the number of 
troojis furnished by the several Counties from, the beginning to the close of the War: 





Ill 

— »^ 

•a j,tn 

?§a 


III 

> 


"A 

c 

19 
3 


it 

n 

78 

4 

9 

47 

2 

37 

79 

49 

55 

123 

2 

15 

'""10 

"'"59 

98 

13 

3 

59 


2 


° a 

II 
0.= 


Tekm of Service 
Ce edited. 


1 = a 

^^ c 

S = =1. 

1,134 

28 

51 

816 

70 

346 

1,286 

1,455 

1,039 

1,936 

16 

746 

5 

24 

18 

945 

1,183 

336 

97 

1,579 

150 

199 

1,090 

1,047 

86 


•- .2 02" 


S 3 


COUNTIES. 




OS 

15 

'""3 

"25 


£ 


° ~ t." 

Hi 

< 


All(^g-an 

Antrim 

Alpena 

Barry 


726 

14 

39 
604 

25 

264 

788 

996 

709 

1,423 

9 

558 

4 

1 

12 
697 
807 
152 

80 

1,230 

137 

74 
819 
873 

53 


96 


215 

7 

3 

88 

42 

20 

191 

164 

139 

53 

5 

57 



13 

6 

66 

65 

153 

6 

178 


530 

18 

8 

301 

47 

35 

474 

555 

374 

690 

1 

155 

1 

12 

6 

346 

290 

156 

35 

442 


589 

10 

43 

515 

23 

311 

809 

900 

665 

1,221 

15 

591 

4 

12 

12 

598 

893 

180 

62 

1,137 

150 

137 

607 


1,041 

7 

809 

"165 

1,490 

1,724 

793 

1,942 

15 

860 

16 

■■"21 

796 

1,335 

310 

74 

1,349 

310 

143 

1,007 

1,417 

51 


2,175 

28 
58 


66 

'"'"25 
173 

246 
119 
295 

""ii6 
1 


11 
1 

"55 

"i7 

42 


1,625 


Benzie 

Bay 


7(1 
511 


Branch 

Berrien 

Cass 


2,776 
3,179 
1,832 


Calhoun 

Cheboygan 

Clinton 

Chippewa 

Delta 


3,878 
31 

1,606 
21 
24 


Emmet. 






39 


Eaton 


123 

206 
18 

"iii 

13 

12 

98 

79 
6 


'"7 
1 


1,741 


Genesee 

Gratiot 

Grand Traverse 

Hillsdale 

Houijhton 


2,518 
64(; 
171 

2,928 
460 


Huron 


.... 


30 
51 
36 

1 


83 

122 

59 

26 


62 
479 


"4 


342 


Ingham 


2.097 
2,464 


Isabella 


40 


.... 


46 


137 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 



67 



GENERAL SUMMARY.— Continued. 





E=3S 


sl 


sA 


c 


3 


Tkrm of Sk.rvick 

CRKDITF.I). 


■S|a 




>c 








c 




a 






1 ^~ 


I.I 


s| 


COUNTIES. 




S 


E 






"2 3 B 


f = £ 




£6 


? = 




« 


t-> 


~ = C I 


4 '^S 






^ 


> 

2 


1 


Q 


12 




e> 


n 




u 


< 


Iosco 


6 


5 


14 




12 


26 


1 


27 


Jackson 


1,311 


208 


37 


106 


91 


554 


8 


1,191 


1,753 


1,479 


3,232 


Keweenaw 


2(1 

989 

1,24() 










1 
446 
612 


"4 
3 


19 
1,193 

1,046 


20 
1,643 
1,661 


99 
2,571 
1,560 


119 


Kent 


354 
205 


10 
66 


93 
53 


197 
91 


4,214 
3,221 


Kalamazoo 


LiviniTSton 


710 


89 


7 


21 


137 


258 




706 


964 


923 


1,887 


Lenawee 


l/Ji? 


224 


14 


93 


99 


563 


7 


1,807 


2,377 


2,060 


4,437 


Leelanaw 


33 






1 


44 


43 




35 


78 


20 


98 


Lapeer 


620 


123 


3 


14 


84 


209 




635 


844 


932 


1,776 


;M onroe 


691 


115 


1 


37 


235 


344 


2 


733 


1,079 


1,191 


2,270 


Montcalm 


251 


16 




25 


61 


138 




215 


353 


287 


640 


^Macomb 


900 


149 


17 


16 


134 


320 


2 


894 


1,216 


1,144 


2,360 


Menominee 


19 

70 














19 
72 


19 

72 


193 


19 


Marquette... ) 
Schoolcraft.. ) 


2 












265 














Muskegon 


248 


29 


6 


40 


34 


104 




253 


357 


379 


736 


Mecosta 


38 


2 





28 


24 


31 




61 


92 


67 


159 


Mason . . 


25 

'""69 
26 
54 






4 

2 

6 

11 

7 


18 
6 
7 

10 
3 


22 
2 
5 

8 
6 




25 
6 

77 
39 

68 


47 
8 
82 
47 
74 


12 
2 

. 6 

""54 


59 


Manitou 






10 


Manistee 






88 


Mackinac ... 






47 


Midland 


10 




129 


Newavgo 


131 


3 




24 


55 


103 




110 


213 


199 


412 


Ontonagon 


61 
1,622 


1 
212 












62 
1,506 


62 

2,086 


192 
1,632 


254 


Oakland 


18 


16 


218 


578 


2 


3,718 


Oceana 


85 


1 




15 


22 


37 




86 


123 


100 


223 


Ottawa 


669 


106 


5 


57 


37 


292 


4 


578 


874 


673 


1,547 


Shiawassee 


48-1 


129 


7 


32 


34 


159 


1 


526 


686 


1,067 


1,753 


St. Joseph 


1,125 


96 


10 


94 


89 


534 


7 


873 


1,414 


1,422 


2,836 


Sanilac 


235 


81 


. . 


7 


56 


62 


1 


316 


379 


402 


781 


St. Clair 


779 


199 


20 


20 


185 


231 


1 


971 


1,203 


1,378 


2,581 


Saginaw 


871 


153 


8 


75 


47 


166 




988 


1,154 


885 


2,039 


Tuscola 


211 


39 





44 


59 


55 




298 


353 


311 


664 


Van Buron 


605 


138 


8 


52 


136 


341 


4 


594 


939 


945 


1,884 


Washtenaw 


1,741 


334 


49 


124 


58 


723 


6 


1,577 


2,306 


1,778 


4.084 


Wa^ne 


3,352 
32,338 


722 


32 
483 




237 
* 4,281 


703 
13.026 


5 
105 


3,635 


4,343 


4,870 


9,213 


Totals 


5,545 


1,982 


31,498 


44.629 


44,544 


89,173 



*Tlie total sura paid into the Treasury Department of the United States by drafted citizens oJ 
Michigan as coinmutatioii money was $5i(4,(JU0.U0. 

The product of soldiers and credits yielded by the several counties, as ex- 
hibited in the table immediately foregoing, is in its aggregate, as previously 
intimated, below the total number known to have been furnished by the State. 

The report of the Adjutant General's Department for 1804, showed that, 
according to the records, the actual number of men furnished by Michigan 

from the beginning of the war to November 1st, 1864, was 81,365 

Add the number of men commuting - 1,98-i 

And the total credits to that time wore 83,347 



68 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

The number of men credited by enlistment and draft from November 

1st, 1864, to the close of the war, as shown by preceding tables, was 9,382 

Making the total credits of the State, from April, 1861, to April, 1865, ^ 

the entire period of the war, as shown by the records. 92,729 

Deducting from this aggregate the number of men commuting 1,982 

There is left a total number actually furnished in men, of 90,747 

These figures do not include men enlisted in regiments of other States, and 
are believed to be substantially correct. There is a discrepancy liowever be- 
tween them and the tables of the War Department, as will be seen by the sub- 
joined letter from the Provost Marshal General : 

War Department, i 

Provost Marshal General's Office, > 

Washington, D. 0., Sept. 2d, 1865. ) 

His Excellency, H. H. Crapo, Governor of Michigan, Lansing : 

Sir : — I have the honor to inform you that the number of men furnished by 
the State of Michigan, from April 17th, 1861, to April 30th, 1865, is ninety 
thousand and forty-eight (90,048), without reference to periods of seryiee, 
which varied from three months to three years. 
I have the honor to be, Sir, 

Very respectfully, 

Your obedient servant, 

JAMES B. FRY, 
Provost Marshal QeneraL 



NATIVITIES OF TROOPS. 



TABLE Showing Nativities of Michigan Volunteers. 



New Enerland States 




2,847 

31,137 

9,506 

21,517 

300 

166 

60 

73 

544 

145 

217 

956 




New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania 




Ohio and Indiana 




Mictiigan 




Illinois and Wisconsin 




Kencuekv and Tennessee 




Free States west of Mississippi river 




Slave States west of Mississippi river 




Southern States not above enumerated 




Indiana 




Free States, colored 




Slave States, colored 








Total United States 


67,468 

8,886 










British America, exclusive of Canada.. . 


169 

8,276 

441 




Canada 




Canada, colored 














76,354 


England 


3,761 

3,929 

763 

4,872 

380 

22 

381 

238 

47 


Ireland 








Germany 








Spain and Spanish America 








Miscellaneous 




Miscellaneous, colored 








Total foreign 




14,393 










90,747 



Total white k« on 

Total colored ".". i'." 

Totallndian ------^l---^-!--l]!-"!^!!l^!!li; 145 



"eo.?*? 



anumKih .J Jn lis ,.?i v? i^, .'. '' \ rP"'''"^ '"'^ Mi<-hijrnn soldiers of the war. anri parti.-ularly 

8 r.n^mirk^ of tl/ ''"';''■'' "* ''"'"; " '>" ^l""" the M.rvi.-e l.-.t an.l oiuluicl the longest, l.ore 

taw V beanl« mn«? AT, ." *'"!*' """^ "■? «>=""e".l having floii.l complexions, some vi.h ^e.l or 

lawnj uearils, most oi them having bro«n or light brown hair, and boine red hair, while few 



70 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 



The foregoing table varies from the credit finally given by the War Depart- 
ment, but is entered as it was received, having been compiled by Professor 
Gould from researches made by one of his employes in the Adjutant General's 
office of the State. 

In connection with the foregoing statement, the following table from a val- 
uable statistical wo;k by Benjamin A. Gould, an eminent statistician, then 
Actuary to the United States Sanitary Commission, will be found interesting, 
covering as it does, the nativities of over 2,000,000 of Union soldiers, showing 
1,523,267 natives to 494,933 foreign. 



TABLE Showing Nativities of United States Volunteers. 



PLACE OF 
ENLISTMENT. 



Maine -. 

>iew Hampshire.. 

Vermont 

IMasbucliusetts 

R. 1. and Conn 

New Yorii .. 

New Jersey 

Pennsylvania 

Delaware 

Maryland 

Dist. of Columbia 

West Virginia 

Kentucky 

Ohio 

Indiana ........ 

Illinois ,. 

Michigan 

Wisconsin 

Minnesota 

Iowa 

Missouri 

Kansas 



Native 


Biitish 


Americans. 


Americans 


48, 135 


3,217 


19,759 


2,362 


2'2,0:J7 


2,713 


7y,5BO 


2,917 


37, i90 


1,697 


203,bi-J 


19,985 


35,196 


2,6!I2 


2'2.i,(i41 


1,339 


8,aU6 


45 


2-2,435 


155 


9,967 


54 


21,111 


35 


38,988 


67 


219,949 


1,589 


141,454 


760 


168,9J3 


4,404 


54,?30 


3,136 


47,972 


3,371 


11,977 


1,371 


48,K86 


995 


46,676 


359 


13,493 


269 


1,523,267 


53,532 



English. 



779 

1,147 

325 

2,306 

2,234 

14,024 

2,491 

3,503 

127 

403 

152 

248 

117 

2,619 

1,248 

5,953 

1,310 

3,703 

614 

1,015 

761 

429 



Irish. 



1,971 
2,699 
1,289 

10,007 
7,657 

51,206 
8,8ft0 

17,418 

5«2 

1,400 

698 

550 

1.303 

8, 129 

3,472 

12,041 
3,278 
3,621 
1,140 
1,436 
4,362 
1,082 



Germans. 



244 

952 

86 

1,876 

2,919 

36,680 

7,337 

17,208 

621 

3,107 

746 

869 

1,943 

20,102 

7,190 

18,140 

3,534 

15,709 

2,715 

2,850 

30,899 

1,090 



other 
Foreigners 


"Foreign- 
ers" not 
otherwise 
designated 


454 
881 

208 

1,591 

2,129 

11,555 

2,051 

3,632 

130 

400 

156 

284 

181 

3,149 

1,374 

7,379 

1,251 

5,124 

2,183 

1,618 

2,343 

437 






142 
7,243 
1,074 

728 

353 
5,859 

189 


227 
203 
501 
4,363 
902 

'""4^661' 












48,410 


26,445 



Total 
Number dif- 
ferent White 
SoldieiK 



54,800 

27,800 

26,800 

105,500' 

54,9110 

337,800' 

59,300' 

271,5(10 

10,000 

27,900 

12,000- 

23,300- 

43, 100 

259,900 

156,400 

216,900 

72,000 

79,500 

20,000 

56,600 

85,400 

16,800 



2,018,200 



had dark complexions, black hair or black beards, clearly showing that a very large number of 
both officers and men whose endurance enabled them to undertake and accomplish itie most ardu- 
ous service, were of the complexion and temperament referred to. This was so noticeable in one 
of the Michigan regiments, that the Colonel, when he had a detail to make involving a necessity lor 
great endurance in overcoming hardships, directed that saudy haired men be selected. 



CALLS OF THE PRESIDENT FOR TROOPS. 



From the Antinal Cyclopedia, 1865: 

**From returns made by the Provost Marshal General it appears that the 
aggregate quotas charged against the several States under all the calls made 
hy the President from April 15th, 1861, to April loth, 1865, amounted to 
2,759,049; and that the aggregate number of men credited on the several calls 
and put into the service during the same period was 2,656,553, leaving a 
defficiency on all calls, when the war closed, of 102,496, which would have 
been obtained in full if recruiting and drafting had not been discontinued. 
This number does not embrace the 'emergency men' put into the service at 
various times during the summer of 1863, amounting to upward of 120,000 
men, who served periods of two or three weeks. 

"The following tables, furnished to Congress by the Secretary of War, in 
compliance with a resolution of the House of Representatives, adopted in 
Decembei-, 1865, give the latest official information with respect to the number 
of volunteers called for by the President at various periods: 



Number of Troops Furnished Under Different Calls. 



DATE OF CALL. 



CaU of April 15, 1861, for 75,000 men 

Call of May 3, and July 22 and 25, 1861, for 500,000 
men 

Call of July 2, 1862, for 500,000 men.. 

Call of August 4, 1862, for 300,000 men 

Proclamation of June 15, 1863, for militia 

Calls of Oct. 15, 1863, and February 1, 1864, for 500,000 

Call of March 14, 1864, for 200,000 men 

Militia mustered into service in spring of 1864 

Call of July 18, 1864, for 500,000 men 

Call of December 19, 1864, for 300,000 men 



Number of Men. 


Terms of 
Eulisiment. 


98,235 


3 months. 


r 2,715 
j 9,056 


6 months. 


1 year. 


■ 30,952 


2 years. 


657,863 


3 years. 


419,627 


3 voars. 


86,860 


9 months. 


16,361 


6 months. 


374,807 


3 years. 


284,021 


3 years. 


83.612 


100 days. 


( 149,356 


1 &, 2 years. 


\ 234,798 
( 728 


3 years. 


4 years. 


1 151,105 


1 year. 


1 5,076 
] 48.065 


2 years. 


3 years. 


t 312 


4 years. 



72 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 
Number of Troops Furnished by States. 



Maine 

New Hampshire 

Vermont 

Massachusetts 

Ehode Island 

Connecticut 

New York 

New Jersey 

Pennsylvania 

Delaware 

Maryland 

West Virginia 

District of Columbia 

Ohio 

Indiana 

lUinois. 

Michigan 

Wisconsin 

M innesota 

Iowa 

Missouri 

Kentucky 

Kansas 

Total 



Aggregate. 



71. 

34, 

35, 

151, 

23, 

57, 

455, 

79, 

366, 

13, 

49, 

30, 

16, 

317, 

195, 

258, 

*90, 

96, 

2-5, 

75, 

108, 

78, 

20, 



745 
605 
256 
785 
711 
270 
568 
511 
326 
651 
730 
003 
872 
133 
147 
217 
119 
118 
034 
860 
773 
540 
097 



2,653,062 



Agfrrcgaie 
Rectuoett to Three 
Years' Stanilanl. 



56,595 

30,827 

29,052 

123,844 

17,878 

50,514 

380,980 

55,785 

267,558 

10,303 

40,692 

27,653 

11,506 

329,976 

152,283 

212,694 

80,865 

78,985 

19,675 

68,182 

86,192 

70,348 

18,654 



2,129,041 



*The final credit allowed Michigan by the Provost Marshal was 90,048. 

The followiug is tuken from the same work made up from the Piovi ti 
Marshal General's report: 

"The recorded number of deserters was 268,530, although the Provost 
Marshal General considers that about one-fourth of these were subsequently 
accounted for. More than 76,000 were arrested, but probably as many as 
125,000 different enlistments failed to yield soldiers to the army, although 
they led to their entry upon the official records. ***** 

" In general, the manufacturing States, as, for instance, Massachusetts, 
Connecticut, lihode Island, New York, and New Jersey, rank high in the 
column of desertion; and this result is to be attributed to the fact that such 
States are dotted with towns and cities. 

"It appears beyond dispute that the crime of desertion is especially charac- 
teristic of troops from large cities, and of the districts which they supply with 
recruits. The ratio per thousand of deserters to credits throughout the loyal 
States is 62.51. *********** 

"The respectable and industrious part of this population did, indeed, pro- 
duce a mass of faithful troops, but with these were mixed a vast number oi" 
adventurers unwortiiy of any country, who had no affection for the Republic, 
.and only enlisted for money." 



■"'a ''^ 







' '■' S:'y„u^l S( 




GOVERNOR CRAPO'S WELCOME TO RETURN- 
ING TROOPS. 



With the surrender of the rebel army, under General Lee, on the 9th of 
April, 1865, and the subsequent surrender of General Johnston's army in the 
same month, the war which had been waged against the Union ended, and 
soon after the troops belonging to the Yarious States began to leave the Oeld. 

The Michigan troops being among the first to receive orders, the Twentieth 
Regiment arrived in the State June 4th, 1865, and others followed in succes- 
sion up to June 10th, 18G(3, when the Third and Fourth Eegiments of Infan- 
try reached the State, being the last belonging to the State to leave the field. 

On the 14th of June, 18G5, Governor Crapo issued the following proclama- 
tion of welcome and thanks to the returning Michigan troops, which properly 
belongs to the military history of the State, and is therefore inserted iiereiu : 

Michigan Soldiers — Officers and Men: 

In the hour of National danger and peril, when the safety — when the very 
existence — of your country was imperiled, you left your firesides, your homes 
and your families, to defend the Government and the Union. But the danger 
is now averted, the struggle is ended, and victory — absolute and com})lete vic- 
tory — has perched upon your banners. You have conquered a glorious peace, 
and are thereby permitted to return to your homes and to the pursuits uf tran- 
quil industry, to which I now welcome you I And not only for myself, but for 
the people of the State, do I tender you a most cordial greeting. 

Citizen Soldiers! Recognized by the institutions of the land as freemen — as 
American citizens, that proudest of all political distinctions — and possessing, 
in common with every citizen, the elective franchise, which confers the right 
to an exercise of the sovereign power, you had become so identified and engrossed 
with the National enterprise and prosperity derived from the untrammeled 
privileges of Republican freedom, that the enemies of those institutions, in 
their ignorance of the princii)les upon which they are founded, madly and 
foolishly believed that you were destitute of manhood. They supposed you 
had become so debused by continued toil as to be devoid of every noble 
impulse. They imagined that you were cowards and cravens, ami that by the 
threatenings alone of a despotic and tyrannical oligarchy you could not only 
be subdued, but robbed of your inheritance of freedom — of your birthright 
of liberty — those glorious and priceless legacies from your j)atriotic sires. 
Through the vilest treachery and the foulest robbery, these wicked and perjured 
10 



74 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

men, whom their country had not only greatly benefited and favored, but 
highly honored, believed that by despoiling your country of its reputation, of 
its treasures, of its means of protection and defense, they had ensured your 
degradation and defe;it. 

Fatal mistake ! and terrible its consequences to those wicked and forsworn 
men, as well as to their deluded and blinded votaries ! 

Soldiers ! You have taught a lesson, not only to the enemies of your country, 
but to the world, which will never be forgotten. With your brave comrades 
from every loyal State in this great and redeemed Union, you have met these 
vaunting and perjured traitors and rebels face to face, upon the field of battle, 
in the front of strongly fortified intrenchments, and before almost impregnable 
ramparts; and by your skill and valor — your persistent efforts and untiring 
devotion to the sacred caupe of freedom, of civilization, and of mankind — you 
have proved to those arch criminals and their sympathizers that it is not neces- 
sary for men to be serfs and slaves in order to be soldiers, but that in the 
hands of free and enlightened citizens, enjoying the advantages and blessings 
conferred by free institutions, the temple of Liberty will ever be safe, and its 
escutcheon forever unsullied. 

Although you return to us bearing honorable marks of years of toil, of 
hardship, of privation, and of suffering — many of you with bodies mutilated, 
maimed, and scarred — mourning the loss of brave comrades ruthlessly slain on 
the field of battle, tortured to death by inches, or foully murdered in cold 
blood, not with the weapon of a soldier, but by the lingering pangs of starva- 
tion and exposure — yet you will in the future enjoy the proud satisfaction of 
having aided in achieving for your country her second independence — in vindi- 
cating the National honor and dignity — in overthrowing that despotic and 
unholy power which has dared to raise its hideous head on this continent for 
the purpose of trampling upon and destroying that inalienable right to life, 
liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, which is the birthright of all — and 
finally, in placing the Union, established by the blood of our fathers, upon an 
imperishable foundation. You will also possess the rich inheritance of merit- 
ing the continued plaudits, and of enjoying the constant gratitude of a free 
people, whose greatness yuu have preserved in its hour of mot^t imminent peril. 

In the name of tlie people of Michigan, I thaiik you for the honor you have 
done us by your valor, your soldierly bearing, your invincible courage, every- 
where displayed, whether upon the field of battle, in the perilous assault, or in 
the deadly breach ; for your patience under the fatigues and privations and 
sufferings incident to war, and for your discipline and ready obedience to the 
orders of your superiors. We are proud in believing that when the history of 
this rebellion shall have been written, where all have done well, none will stand 
higher on the roll of fame than the officers and soldiers sent to the field from 
the loyal and patriotic State of Michigan, 



VOLUNTEER SURGEONS. 



Notwithstanding the medical department of the Government exercised all it? 
accustomed foresight and made judicious use of its immense resources with 
advanced preparations to meet coming emergencies, there were times during the 
war, when great battles came thick and fast, when rebel bullets felled men like 
tlie grain in harvest, that it failed in sup])l\ ing a sufficiency of surgeons in the 
field, and extreme suffering threatened the sick-and wounded. This deficiency, 
however, was readily and cheerfully made up by the voluntary service of the 
medical men of the land. The surgeons of Michigan were not behind in the 
humane work, and without fee or proffer of reward, never failed, although at 
a great sacrifice, in promptly and substantially responding to the emergency. 

The following extract, from a report made in 18G4 by Dr. Joseph Tunnicliff, 
of Jackson, then State agent at Washington, to the Adjutant General, sets 
forth their readiness for this service : 

"The Potomac Army, under command of Lieutenant General Grant, crossed 
the Rapidan May 5th, 18G4, and from that day onward to about the lOtli day 
of June, there occurred a nearly continuous succession of battles, so frequent 
that it is a common remark of the soldiers returned from that campaign that 
it seen)ed to them like one continuous battle. 

"Certain it is that the entire region, from the Eapidan to Cold Harbor, was 
a continuous battle ground. Three hundred thousHiul men in daily and 
nightly conflict for thirty-five days produced of necessity a host of wounded, 
wlio demanded from not only the Government but the people every possible 
assistance. 

"Not only the government ambulances and wagons, but every other possible 
means of transiioitation which could be devised, were resorted to by the sick and 
wounded to reach Fredericksburg, the newly established base and depot of 
^supplies. 

"On the 12th day of May I received from you, General, on behalf of the 
(iovernor, the folhiuing telegram: 

" ' To J. Tunnicliff, Jr., Michigan State Agent: 

" 'The Governor dirccls tlinl you make every exertion to Inke cnre of the Michigan 
woijiide'd soldiers. Employ sufficient at^f^istaiice to do so, and use wlat money may be 
necessary. Should you need any number of asj-istants from the Slate, inform by tele- 
graph, and acknowledge the receipt of this dispatch by telegraph.' 

"Upon receipt of the above, and after cousultation with General Joseph K. 



76 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

Barnes, Surgeon General — who, permit me to add, is precisely the right man 
in the right place — I dispatched the following reply: 

" ' General Robertson: "* 

" 'Sir — Your telegram is received. Large provision has already been made by the Sur- 
geon General and the various sanitary commissions to meet the requirements. I have 
forwarded Mrs. Brainard and Miss Whcelock, with three assistants and twenty boxes of 
sanitary stores, to Fredericksburg, on the 10th instant. The Surgeon General directs me 
to say that he will accept the services of ten experienced surgeons, fully equipped for ten 
days'" service in the field. Direct them to report at tiiis office. I have made provisions 
to have them forwarded.' 

"It is with no ordinary pride that I record the fact that, in response to this 
invitation, thirty-three surgeons, with their assistants, left their business and 
the comforts of home to volunteer their services, without compensation, to aid 
their suffering countrymen at this trying period, and among them are many of 
the most eminent surgeons of our State. I deem it but just that 1 should 
append their names: , 

"Drs. Alonzo B. Palmer, Ann Arbor; D. L. Davenport, E. M. Clark, De- 
troit; Edward Cox, Z. L. Slater, Battle Creek; C. F. Ashley, W. G. Cox, A. 
F. Kinney, Ypsilanti; W. B. Smith, Ann Arbor; Gordon Chittock, F. M. 
Keasnor, Jackson ; R. B. Gates, George Barnes, Chelsea ; S. C. Willie, East 
Saginaw; M. F. Baldwin, Flint; Stephen Griggs, E. W. Goodwin, Detroit; 
E. Church, Marshall; R. H. Davis, Mason; James C. Willson, Flint; H. C. 
Farraud, East Saginaw ; J. E. Smith, Portland ; John Smith, Pontiac ; J. E. 
Wilson, Rochester; F. B. Galbraith, C. C. Jerome, Port Huron; 0. F. Bur- 
roughs, Gulesbnrg; J. P. Nash, Marshall; W. L. Stillwell, Kalamazoo; S. 
Lathrop, Pine Run; H. C. Fairbank, Grand Blanc; E. R. Ellis, and L. DePuy, 
Grand Rapiils. 

" Thousands of the soldiers of our army — for their labors were not restricted 
to the soldiers of our State — will remember so long as the pulses of life flow, 
with grateful hearts, the unselfish devotion and skill with which this body of 
volunteer surgeons labored to relieve them. 

"They were not all assigned to duty at Fredericksburg; for, as the army 
advanced, some of them were sent to the AVhite House, and many of them to 
City Point. Most of them remained so long as their services were needed, and 
I regret to add that a number of them returned in a greatly impaired state of 
health. 

** The following young gentlemen, students of medicine and surgery, for- 
warded by the citizens of Ann Arbor, reported as volunteer dressers, June 1st, 
were accepted by the Surgeon General, and sent to duty in hospitals at City 
Point; Messrs. 0. Marshall, M. 0. Bentley, P. Martin, J. K. Johnson, and D. 
V. Dean. Tiiey all did well — indeed, most of them were so well liked by the 
medical officers in charge that they were soon employed as assistant suigeous, 
and placed in charge of surgical wards. It may be well to add here that these 
young men had nearly completed their course of study preparatory to gradua- 
tion. The people of Ann Arbor may well feel proud of their contribution, it 
was wliat money could not purchase." 

The services rendeied by these professional gentlemen of Michigan, without 
pay or hope of reward, except that which a sense of having performed a duty 
to their country, and a consciousness that in so doing they aided in alleviating 
much suffering of their fellow man gives, were of great value to the Govern- 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 77 

menfc, and at, the same time aflministerpd to the relief of thousands then suffer- 
ing from disease and won i ids consequent to recent battles and to those then in 
progress. Tiiat this service was not confined to Michigan men was proverbial, 
as Die sick and wounded of other States coming within their cognizance were 
alike relieved, — not even excepting the rebel who fell into their hands, for they 
were also received with generous recognition, regardless of their rebellious 
crime. 

While it is not assumed that Michigan surgeons were more humane than 
those of otiier States, it is honestly claimed that during the war their fullest 
sympathies were extended to all the suifering consequent to the great struggle, 
and when opportunity offered were not withheld from the rebel. Among the 
many evidences of this fact, the following occurrence, which speaks for itself, 
is made a matter of record because the circumstance was brought about under 
the direction of a Michigan surgeon : 

After the engagements at Perryville, and at other points in Kentucky in the 
latter part of 1862, several thousand rebel sick and wounded had been gathered 
together in hospitals at Harrodsburg, Kentucky. On October iJOth Surgeon 
William H. DeCamp of the Michigan Engineers and Mechanics was detailed as 
Medical Director to relieve Surgeon Chambers, and assigned to duty in chargo 
of all the hospitals at that point. The administration of Dr. DeCamp appears 
to have been most efficient and considerate, as established by the following rebel 
authority, and illustrating, at least in one instance, the fact that rebel wounded 
received humane treatment at Union hands: 

Confederate Hospitals, | 

Harrodsburg, Kentucky, Nov. 14th, 1862. j 

Sir — As we shall soon be called to report at the headquarters of the Confed- 
erate Army of Mississippi, we desire, before our departure, to signify to you 
our feelings for your conduct towards us and the patients in our charge. 

You, as Post Surgeon, have labored under very many serious disadvantages; 
yet through your skill and untiring energy you have rendered the sick and 
wounded as comfortable as could have been done under more favorable circum- 
st'Bnces. You have evinced a desire to extend to us those courtesies which pro- 
fessional etiquette sanctions, and are suggested by a sound and discriminating 
mind ; and for all of which you will, Sir, please receive our thanks and best 
wislies for your prosperity. 

We remain your obliging and obedient servants. 



J. F. Scott, Surgeon C. S. A. 
A. T. Boyd, Surgeon C. S. A. 
Wm. Singleton, Surgeon C. S. A. 
J. D WooTON, Surgeon C. S. A. 
S. M. Thompson, Surgeon C. S. A. 
Jo's D. Moore, Chief Surgeon C. S. A. 
N. J. Turner, Ass't. Surgeon C. S. A. 



J. E. Wilson, Ass't. Surgeon C. S. A. 
Rob't F. Cahlin, Surgeon C. S. A. 
Jas. H. Wilkes, Ass't. Surgeon C. S. A. 
R. M. Sutfield, Surgeon V. A., C. S. A. 
H. Plttmeb, Surgeon C. S. A. 
R. D. GwYN, Ass't. Surg.-on C. S. A. 
H. S. Allen, Ass't. Surgeon C. S. A. 



To Wm. H. DeCamp, M. D., 

Post Surgeon and Medical Director U. S. A., Harrodsburg, Ky. 



78 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

The assertions generally advanced by the people and pre^s of the southern 
States in refutation of the charges of cruelty to Union prisoners, that they 
received as good treatment as rebel prisoners did at the hands of ^he North, 
have been unquestionably proved erroneous. That this has been established 
beyond a doubt it is but necessary to investigate the matter by a reference to 
the most reliable statements which have become a part of the war history, and 
which were verified by personal observation of the good condition of the rebel 
prisoners when exchanged, as compared with the Union men with their emaci- 
ated and fearfully deformed bodiep, a result of untold tortures administered 
with diabolical and criminal intent upon the unarmed and helpless captives, 
unheard of in the histories of the past, the responsibility of which can never be 
removed from the confederate government or excused by its apologists, but will 
be handed down the vista of time as without a parallel in barbarous cruelty. 
The inhuman treatment of the Union prisoners cannot be forgotten, nor the 
crime mitigated in the least on the plea that it was as good as that received by 
the rebel prisoners, for it has been well established that they were provided with 
the same shelter, rations, medicine and surgical aid as the Union army, and 
when released and sent to the rebel army were in good condition, the death 
percentage being comparatively small ; while the Union prisoners were huddled 
together in filthy prisuns, swarming with vermin and infected with disease, or 
placed purposely in camps of unhealthy location without shelter except the 
holes which their own emaciated and weak hands dug in the damp earth, wliere, 
without covering they burrowed like beasts, resulting in sickness, with but little, 
if any, medical aid ; starving them by thousands to death by exposure and hun- 
ger, or reducing them to hideous skeletons, or to an idiotic condition worse than 
death. 

The commission appointed by the United States Sanitary Commission to 
investigate the matter, after a full and fair examination of the subject, taking 
evidence of both Union and rebel prisoners, says: 

"No supposition of negligence, or thoughtlessness, or indifference, or acci- 
dent, or inefficiency, or destitution, or necessity, can account for all this. So 
many and such positive forms of abuse and wrong cannot come from negative 
causes. 

" The conclusion is unavoidable, therefore, that ' these privations and suffer- 
ings' have been 'designedly inflicted by the military and other authority of the 
rebel government,' and cannot have been 'due to causes which such authorities 
could not control.' " 



ARMY VOTE. 



In accordance with an act of the Legislature, approved February 5th, 1864, 
to enable tlie qualified electors of this State in the military service to vote at 
certain elections, the same were held amongst the Michigan troops in the ser- 
vice of the United States on the 7th day of November, 1864. They took place 
under the supervision of the commissioners appointed in the following letter of 
the Executive, and were conducted in compliance with the instructions therein 
contained : 

State of Michigan, Executive Office, \ 
Lansing, Octoler 14th, 1864. f 

The several commissioners appointed and commissioned under the act entitled 
^'An act to enable the qualified electors of the State in the military service to 
vote at certain elections, and to amend sections 45 and 61 of chapter 6 of the 
compiled laws," are directed immediately to make and file with the Secretary 
of State the oath of office as required by law, and on or before the 25th day of 
October instant to report at the office of the Adjutant General in Detroit, where 
the necessary poll-books, blank forms, certificates, and instructions, together 
with copies of the law, will be furnished them. Having been so furnished, the 
commissioners will immediately proceed to the places where the work assigned 
them is to be performed. In the performance of theii' duties they will take the 
oath of office as the guide, and will do their duty "impartially, fully, and with- 
out reference to political preferences or results." It will be proi)er for them 
to carry printed ballots with them for the use of the electors of whatever party j 
but the act forbids them to attempt iu any manner to influence or control the 
vote of any soldier. 

Such printed ballots may also be. left at the office of the Adjutant General 
in Deti'oit, to be delivered to the commissioners, or they may be delivered 
directly to the commissioners themselves. In the appdi'tionment of the work it 
has been found very difficult to make it equal or even to cover the whole ground. 
The commissioners are therefore required, if necessary, to assist each other, 
and wherever .small bodies of Michigan troops are found with whom no commis- 
sioner is present to act as such. The work is apportioned among the commis- 
sioners as follows : 

ARMY OF THE POTOMAC. 

David B. Harrison, Mason, 26th Infantry, 1st division, 2d army corps, near 
Petersburg, Va. 



b'J MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

M. D. Hamilton, Monroe, 7th Infantry, 2d division, 2d army corps, and 
Company B, 2d U. S. S. S., 1st division, 3d army corps, near Petersburg, Va. 

Edwin 0. Hinsdale, Detroit, 5th Infantry, 3d division, 2d army corps, and 
Companies C, I, and K, 1st U. S. S. S., in the same division, near Peters- 
buig, Va. 

John S. Estabrook, East Saginaw, 1st and 16th Infanti'y, 1st division, 5th 
army corps, near Petersburg, Va. 

William W. Wright, Livonia, 24th Infantry, 3d division, 5th army corps, 
near Petersburg, Va. 

William Winegar, Grass Lake, 2d, 8th, and 17th Infantry, 1st division, 9th 
army corps, near Petersburg, Va. 

Joseph Warren, Detroit, 20th and 27th Infantry and 1st Sharp-Shooters, 
1st division, 9th army corps, near Petersburg, Va. 

Jacob Kanouse, Cohoctah, 1st and 5th Cavalry, 1st division, cavalry corps, 
in the Shenandoah Valley. 

Martin Gray, Saline, 6th and 7th Cavalry, 1st division, cavalry corps, in the 
Shenandoah Valley. 

Andrew Kobinson, Sharon, one company 1st Cavalry and one company 26th 
Infantry, and U. S. hospitals, at Alexandria, Va. 

Ciiarles Betts, Burr Oak, 13th and 14th batteries, Fort Foot, Maryland, and 
hospitals in Washington. 

AKMY OF THE CUMBERLAND. 

Asher E. Mather, Pontiac, 9th and 22d Infantry, General Thomas's head- 
quarters, near Atlanta, Ga. 

William A. Robinson, Grand Eapids, 10th and 14th Infantry, 2d division, 
14th army corps, near Atlanta, Ga. 

Henry L. Hall, Hillsdale, 18th Infantry, 4th division, 20th army corps, 
near Decatur, Ala. 

John C. Laird, Mendon, 19th Infantry and Battery I, 3d division, 20th 
army corps, near Atlanta, Ga. 

L. M. S. Smith, Grand Haven, 13th and 21st Infantry, engineer brigade. 
Lookout Mountain, Tenn. 

David Horton, Adrian, 4th Cavalry, 2d division, cavalry corps, near Atlanta, 
Ga. 

John McNeil, Port Huron, 2d Cavalry, 1st division, cavalry corps, near 
Franklin, Tenn. 

Albert Miller, Bay City, Batteries E and D, Battery E at Nashville, Tenn., 
Battery D at Murfreesboro, Tenn., and the hospitals at Nashville. 

E. D. W. Burtch, Lansing, 1st Engineers and Mechanics, Cartersville, Ga. 

Asa Bunnell, Lyons, Company D, 66th Illinois Volunteers, and Companies 
B and H, 44th Illinois Volunteers, near Atlanta, Ga. 

John H. Kichardson, Tuscola, 29th Infantry, Nashville, Tenn. 

ARMY OF THE TENNESSEE. 

William Sinclair, Jonesville, 15th Infantry, 2d division, 15th army corps, 
near Atlanta, Ga. 

Thaddens G. Smith, Fentonville, Batteries B and C, 16th army corps, Bat- 
tery B at Home, Ga., and Battery C at East Point, Ga. 

Sylvester Higgins, Charlotte, Batteries H and K, 17th army corps, near 
Atlanta, Georgia. 



MICHIGAN IN THE V\AR. 81 

James J. Hogaboom, Hudson, 23d and 25th Infantry, and Battery F, 2d 
division, 23d iitniy corps, near Decatur, Georgia. 

William Hulsart, Konieo, 8th Cavalry, Nicholasville, Ky., and Batteries L 
and M, 23d army corps, Cumberland G.q), Tenn. 

M. S. Bowen, Coldwater, 9th Cavalry, cavalry division, 23d army corps, 
near Atlanta, Georgia. 

Henry H. Holt, Muskegon, 10th Cavalry, cavalry division, 23d army corps, 
Strawberry Plains, Tenn. 

William A. House, Kalamazoo, cavalry division, 23d army corps, Louisa, 
Ky. 

ARMY OF THE GULF. 

Warren S. Crippin, Schoolcraft, 6th Heavy Artillery, near Mobile, and Bat- 
tery G, New Orleans. 

Levi Sparks, Niles, 12th Infantry, 2d division, 7th army corps, Duvall's 
Bluff, Ark. 

Nathan H. Bitely, Lawton, 3d Cavalry, at Duvall's Bluff, Ark. 

William F. Neil, Battle Creek, Merrill Horse, at Duvall's Bluff, Ark. 

S. 0. Kingsbury, Grand Rapids, 3d Infantry, Nashville. 

W. Y. Rumney, Detroit, 4th Infantry, Nashville. 

William B. Williams, Allegan, 2Sth Infantry, Nashville. 

Josiah Turner, Owosso, hospitals at Annapolis, Baltimore, Philadelphia, and 
York, Penn. 

Weston Flint, hospitals at St. Louis, Mo. 

Caleb Clark, hospitals at Washington, aud Frederick, Md. 

D. 0. Farrand, hospitals at Detroit. 

AUSTIN BLAIR. 
11 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 





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Battery L, and other Deiachmonis 

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Battery 13th - 

Dot. 2Uh Infantry, at City Point Hospital 

Det. 28th Infantry, at Miintordsvillc, Ky 

Det. nth Cavalry, at Flemingsbiiig, Ky... 

Det. 2d t'avalry, at Pulaski, Tenn 

First Kngineers and Mechanics, Cos. Band K... 
First Kngineers and Mechanics, Cos. Daii'l K .. 
First Kngineers and Mech.inics, Cos. (/ami G... 
First Kngineersand Mechanics, Cos H and I... 
First Knigineersand Mechanics, Cos. .\ and F... 
First Kngineers and Mechanics, Del. parts of 
Coa. I. and M, at Stevenson, Ala 


First Engineers and Mechanics, Det.. parts of 

Co. L, at Tallahoma, Tenn 

Judiciary square Hospital, Washington 

U. S General Hospital, Frederick, M D 

Campbell ILispital 

Camden National Hospital, Baltimore, Md 

U. .S. General Hospital, Annapolis, .Md 

Det. and Hospital at Alexandria, Va 


Hospital at \ork, Pa... 

Lincoln Hospital, Washington 

Kcmoiint Camp, Pleasant Valley, Md 

Det. Battery K, Springlield, Tenn 

Det. at Louisville, Ky 

Det. at Nashville, Tenn 

Detroit Barracks 

Det. at camp 11th Infantrv, Chattanooga, Tenn. 

Draft Rendezvous, Jackson, Michigan 

Merrill Horse 

I"2<1 U. S. Colored, at Port lioyal 

Det. Cavalry, at Martinslmrg, Va 

Det. Cavalry, at Winchester, Va 

I>et. 10th Cavalry, IJarboiirsville, Ky 


1 





8-i MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

The result for Presidential electors was as follows: 



KEPUBLICAN. 



Robert E. Beecher 9,402 

Thomas D. Gilbert 9,402 

Frederick Waldorf 9,402 

Marsh Giddings 9,402 

Christian Eberbach 9,402 

Perry Hannah 9,402 

OmarD. Conger 9,402 

George W. Pack 9,402 



DEMOCBATIC. 



Samuel T. Douglas 2,959 

Rix Robinson 2,959 

Henry Hart.. ...2,959 

Royal T. Twombly 2,920 

D. Darwin Hughes 2,959 

John Lewis. 2, 959 

Michael E. Crofoot 2,942 

Richard Edwards 2,935 



The number of imperfect votes was 47. 

The vote for Governor was — Henry H. Crapo, Republican, 9,612, and Wil- 
liam M. Feuton, Democrat, 3,992. 

The infantry regiments which did not vote were the 10th, 11th, ^.Sth, 14th, 
and 2)st; of the cavalry, the 1st, 4th, 6th; and 9th; and of the light artillery, 
battery G. 



RECEPTION OF TROOPS. 



In June, 1865, iinticipating the early return of troops from the field, a meet- 
ing of citizens was held in Detroit, when measures were taken to arrange for a 
proper reception at that place of the returning regiments, and to provide such 
refreshments as they might stand in need of. With this iu view, the following 
committees were selected and appointed : 

Commiilee of Reception. — Ladies — Mesdames Brent, T. K. Adams, Silas 
Holmes, Walter Ingersoll, John Palmer, J. S. Farrand, L. B. Willard, Jabez 
Holmes, L. S. Trowbridge, Slocum, and A. C. McGraw. Gentlemen — Rev. 
George Taylor, Messrs. J. W. Farrell, Ed. Wetmore, W. S. Peufield, F. Wet- 
more, T. K. Adams, George W. Hudson, Jabez Holmes, E. U. Walker, Geo. 
Sheley, and H. M. Wright. 

Coniuiiitee of Finance. — Messrs. E. B. Ward, David Preston, C. H. Bulil, 
John Owen, C. C. Trowbridge, K N. Rice, M^rk Flanigan, W. K. Muir, Ed- 
mund Trowbridge, and Ira Davis. 

Mr. H. R. Johnson was selected as purveyor and superintendent of tables, 
performing much service, receiving the approval of all, and with a kindly heart 
contributed largely to the comforts of the soldier by his untiring care and 
attention. 

The services of these committees were gratuitous, involving much labor, both 
early and late. They were aided in their attentive services by a number of 
ladies and gentlemen who gave their attendance at the tables, while the citizens 
generally contributed liberally, rendering the object an entire success. From 
June 4th, lb'65, down to June 10th, J866, 19,510 Michigan and 3,506 Wiscon- 
sin troops were hospitably received and substantially entertained. 

With his accustomed liberality and kindness, coupled with his pronounced 
loyalty to the cause ni which the soldier fought, R. N. Rice, Esq., then Super- 
intendent of the Michigan Central, permitted the committees to use the large 
u[)per story of the freiglit house, whii-h was fitted up as a dining hall, and ap- 
propriately decorated, and capable of seating over two thousand. 

The Rev. Geo. Taylor, of the Methodist Episcopal church, formerly Chaplain 
of the bth Michigan Infantry and then an agent of the Christian Commission, 
having been permitted by that association to devote his entire time to the 
returning troops, was most attentive, invariably present on their arrival, ever 
ready with many kind words and a warm and enthusiastic welcome, which the 
men uf Michigan as well as many nf Wisconsin will long renjember. 



S6 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

Through the liberality of the people of Jacksoii, then a rendezvous Id: 
returned troops, like arrangements were made, and during the time before- 
mentioned over 10,659 Michigan soldiers received kindly attention and boun- 
tiful entertainment on their arrival there. The ladies were, as usual, numer- 
ously represented, prominent among whom was Mrs. Governor Blair, as she 
always was when the interest or comfort of the soldier was involved. 

The steamer Morning Star, Captain E. R. Viger, with the City of Cleveland, 
'Captain Wm. McKay, then composed the "Cleveland Line" from that point 
to Detroit, controlled by the Hon. John Owen. Tliese splendid steamers 
carried nearly all the troops arriving in Detroit, strongly identifying them with 
the history of Michigan troops, and many thousands of them now look back, 
with grateful memory, especially the sick and wounded, when longing for 
home and friends, dusty and weary, they were so kindly received and so- 
humanely treated by the manly officers of these steamers, and they will never 
forget how their steps were made light and their hearts gladdened as their 
eyes first glanced on the blue waters of Lake Erie, and those steamers that 
were to bear them so near their homes which they so much longed to reach. 

As a general thing the western troops, especially the sick and wounded, oa 
passing through cities, towns, and villages, on their way from the field, 
received, during the entire war, a most cordial and generous reception, and 
especially so at Pittsburg, Penn., where a continuously open house, night and 
day, was kept, in which the tables were loaded with bounteous repasts, while 
the fair daughters of Pennsylvania were the waiting maids. "They shall 
have their reward." 

On this subject it may not be out of place to notice the kindly treatment of 
ladies of Nashville, Tenn., extended to the wounded brigade in passing through, 
that place after the battle of Chickamauga as described by Benjamin F. Tay- 
lor, the noble-hearted correspondent and eloquent writer, whose " War Pen. 
Pictures" stand unequaled in the writings on the war. 

"It is midnight, and the attendants are going through the train with coffee, 
graced with milk and sugar — think of that ! Two fresh, white, crisp crackers- 
apiece and a little taste of fruit. Did your hands prepare it, dear lady? 1 
hope so, for the little balance in your favor set down m the ledger of God. 

"But here they come with a canteen. Will you go with them? Climb 
through that window into a car as black as the 'Hole of Calcutta;' but mind 
where you step; the floor is one layer deep with wounded soldiers. As you 
swing the lantern round bandages show white and ghastly everywhere. Ban- 
dages, bandages, and now and then a rusty spot of blood. What worn out 
faded faces look at you. They rouse like wounded creatures hunted down to 
their lairs as you come. The tin cups, extended in all sorts of hands but 
plump, strong ones, tinkle all around you; you are fairly girdled with a tin 
cup horizon. How the dull, pale faces brighten as thoi^e cups are filled. On 
we go, out at one window, in at another, stepping gingerly among wounded 
limbs,*' 



PRESENTATION OF COLORS. 



"When the war had ended, the regiments returning delivered to the State their 
Colors, not one dishonored, neither blot nor stain on their escntcheou, but all 
distinguished and glorious, bearing record of many battles. 

A prophecy was generally advanced early in the war, and even up to its close, 
that idleness, debauchery, and crime would characterize the release from mil- 
itary restraint, and the return to the State of so many men who had been 
exposed to a service, judging from the results in other armies, likely to engen- 
der irregular, improvident, and dissolute habits, leading to a lawless course of 
conduct, tending to the most deplorable consequences. 

Alas for the prophets I their sayings were but the idle babblings of the most 
distrustful of humanity. By over fifteen years of experience since their return 
their theory has been completely refuted by a practice of houesty, virtue and 
thrift, most commendable, comparing favorably with our citizens generally, 
while many of them have filled the highest places in the administration of the 
State, and in the ordinary avocations in life. 

General Order No. 94, issued by the War Department, May 15th, 1865, 
directed that the volunteer regiments, returning to their respective States for 
fisal discharge, should deposit tiie regimental colors with the Chief Mustering 
Officer, to be held by him subject to the order of the Adjutant General of the 
army. 

Under date of June 13th, 1865, the War DciJurttnent authorized the Cliief 
Musteri))g Officer of this State, to turn over to the Governor, at his request, all 
the regimental colors of Michigan regiments then in his charge, or that might 
thereafter come into his possession under the provisions of the order referred to. 

Extract from the letter of Major John H. Knight, U. S. Army, accompa- 
nying the delivery of the flags: 



"OFFICE Cjiief Mustering Ofi-iceu, ] 
''Detroit, Mick., June 19/h, 1866. \ 



" Bricjadier Oeneral John Robertson, Adjutant General Stale of Micliifjan. 

Detrui.i, Mich.: 

" General — All the regiments sent from the State of Michigan to put 
down tlie rebellion of the Southern States, having now been n)ustered out of 



88 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

service, paid off, and disbanded, the time has arrived when I should, in com- 
pliance with orders from the War Dei)artment, deliver to the Governor of the 
State, the flags turned over to me by the officers of the disbanded regiments. 

" I have the honor this day to deliver to you (you being at the head of the 
State Military Bureau, and its chief oflBcer), all of them in my possession. 

"Please find a list of the flags enclosed. In turning them over to you I am 
sensibly reminded that they are the flags under which so many brave and suc- 
cessful deeds have been performed — so many valuable lives given up in the 
cause of the Union and republican liberty, and such beneficial results obtained. 

********** 

"By depositing these flags in the archives of each State, the authorities of 
the Government have placed therein a monument in memory of its glories 
which will be most cherished, and whenever beheld by the people will far sur- 
pass, in the feeling of veneration which they will call forth, all the pilhirs of 
marble or granite which human genius could build. It will be remembered 
that they have passed through the scenes of strife, and that they have been 
carried by the hands of tlie brave men themselves, who fought and died for 
our national liberties; it will be seen that on them is inscribed the names of 
the battles passed through, where the fate of liberty was staked and decided ; 
and with what feelings of reverence will these strips of bunting be looked upon 
by the father, mother, brother, or sister, whose son or brother marched to 
victory or glorious death under their folds. Whilst all patriots on viewing 
these battle flags will remember and mourn the loss of life and regret the vast 
expenditures which have been made to preserve our liberties, yet all will rejoice 
over the glorious results which have been achieved. 

" Permit me to congratulate, through you, the people of Michigan, for the 
brilliant and conspicuous part performed by Michigan regiments in the late 
war for the Union. I believe there is no blot upon their record, but all is 
bright, conspicuous, and glorious, whilst an extraordinary number of personal 
distinctions shine upon the pages." 

Next of interest to the men who upheld and defended them in the field, aie 
the colors themselves. They are, aside from that, indelibly stamped on tlie 
hearts of the people, the most forcible mementoes of the gallant regiments 
that so heroically stood by them and the country, even in the darkest days of 
the war. They were as little specks in the long lines of the great American 
armies, yet they were often watched in the advancing columns with intense 
anxiety, but with strong confidence and hope by the greatest generals of the 
land. To bear them aloft was a signal for rebel bullets, often bringing swift 
and certain death, but they were never trailed in the dust nor lacked a gallant 
bearer. 

On the Fourth of July, 1866, those colors were formally presented in Detroit, 
through the Governor, to the State, and were deposited in its archives to be 
sacredly kept and carefully preserved. 

The setting apart of the National birthday for the purpose was most appro- 
priate. Its hallowed memories reminded the people of the gallant struggle of 
their forefathers in establishing the Government, in the maintenance of which 
60 many present had followed their flags to glorious victory. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 89 

The congregated enihleuis of National and State prowess, and of regimental 
bravery and fraternal associations there jtresented, revived in the mind of every 
soldier recollections of great and gallant deeds, of days and nights fraught with 
anxiety, doubt, danger, and death, of sacrifices to patriotism, of hair-breadth 
escapes, of attacks, of lepulses, of sad defeats, of glorious victories, of long 
and weary inarches, of hunger, thirst, and cold, and of sorrow and sadness for 
fallen comrades; but. all looked upon them with reverential pride, and recog- 
nized them as having been their guiding star in many brilliant but sanguinary 
conflicts, having followed them iu the victorious charge of the assaulting col- 
umn, and from tliem received silent directions when all orders were lost in the 
din and confusion of contending armies, and under their tattered but glorious 
stars and stripes, battled long and bravely for the right. 

A cordial invitation having been extended by the Governor to all who hud 
served in the war, and for the purpose of honoring the day, and especially the 
occasion, as well as giving the people of the State an opportunity to witness the 
emblems of State prowess, and of patriotism, bravery, and gallant services, a 
procession was arranged and carried into effect. 

The procession wa- under the direction of General James E. Pittman, who 
at the time was Inspector General of the State, and who was selected and 
appointed by the Governor as Chief Marshal of the day. 

For the presentation of the colors in behalf of the regiments, Major General 
0. B. Willcox was in like manner chosen, being the first Colonel who left the 
State for the field with a Michigan regimeni. 

The returned troops were commauded by Brevet Brigadier General William 
/ L. Stoughton, the ranking Colonel then iu the State, amongst those who be- 
longed to their regiments at the time of the muster out of their respective 
organizations. 

The divisions were organized as follows, and the regiments took position in 
them iu the following order: 

FIRST DIVISION — liKEVET MAJ. GEN. E. H. Q. MINTT, COMMANDING. 

Ist Regiment Engineers and Mechanics. 

1st, 2d, 3d, 4th, 5th, 6th, Tth, 8th, 9th, 10th, and 11th Regiments Cavalry. 

Companies H, I, and L, Merrill Horse. 

1st Regiment J.ight Artillery— Batteries A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, K, L, 
M, and 13th and 14tli Batteries Light Artillery. 

1st Regiment Sharp-Sliooters. 

Companies C, I, and K, Ist U. S. Sharp-Shooters. 

C<)m|)any B, 2d U. S. Sliarp-Shooters. 

Michigan Companies that served as such in regiments of other States. 

Soldiers belonging to this State who served in regiments of other States, not 
in Michigan companies. 

Michigan soldiers and sailors who served iu the regular army and navy. 
12 



90 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

SECOND DIVISION — BREVET MAJ. GEN. H. A. MORROW, COMMANDING. 

1st (3 months), 1st (3 years), 2cl, 3d, 3d (reorganized), 4th, 4th (reorgan- 
ized), 5th, 6th (Heavy Artillery), 7th, 8th, 9th, and 10th Regiments Infantry. 

THIRD DIVISION — BREVET BRIG. GEN. O. L. SPAULDING, COMMANDING. 

11th, 11th (reorganized), 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th, 19ili 
and 20th Regiments Infantry. 

FOURTH DIVISION — BREVET BRIG. GEN. HEBER LE FAVOUR, COMMANDING. 

21st, 22d, 23d, 24th, 25th, 26th, 27th, 28th, 29th, and 30th Regiments 
Infantry; 1st Regiment (102d U. S.) Michigan Colored Troops. 

" I saw the soldiers come to-day 

From battle-fields afar; 
No conqueror rode before their way 

On his triumphal car; 
But Captains, lilie themselves, on foot, 

And banners sadly torn, 
All grandly eloquent, though mute, 

In pride and glory borne." 

These divisions, conipoped of the veterans of the respective regiments, car- 
rving their old colors, [)rffeeiited ihe finest appeai'iince nossible. It was remark- 
able with what pride each color-bearer held aloft the l)anner under which lie 
had served, and with what elasticity of step and ciect bearing the whole 
marched to the strains of the martial music, to which they had been so long 
accustomed. 

The State autliorities were cheerfully aided and liberally sustained by the 
citizens of Detroit, and the affair was honored by a magnificent celebration, 
and participated in by the most numerous assembly of people from all parts of 
the State ever congregated within its borders. 

The invitation extended by the Governor to the soldiers was well responded 
to, and they rallied in great numbers under their old banners as in times past, 
presenting them to the State, as follows: 

Fust Infantry (3 months), one; 1st Infantry (3 years), seven; 2d Infantry 
two; 3d Infantry (reorganized), two; 4th Infantry (reorganized), one; oui 
Infantry, five; 6th Heavy Artillery, two; 7th Infantry, one; 8th Infantry, 
four; yth Infantry, three; 10th Infantry, two; 11th Infanti'y, one; 11th 
Infantry (reorganized), two; 12th Infantry, four ; 13th Infantr}', four; 14th 
Infantry, four; 15th Infantry, four; IGth Infantry, four; 17th Infantry, 
four; ISLh Infantry, two; 19th Infantry, one; 20th Infantry, two; 21st 
Infantry, four; 22d Infantry, two; 23d Infantry, two; 24th Infantry, seven; 
25th Infantry, two; 26th Infantry, five; 27th Infantry, five; 28tli Infantry, 
two; 29th Infantry, two; 30th Infantry, two ; 1st Engineers and Mechanics,, 
four; Ist Sharp-Shooters, one; 1st Cavalr\', two; 3d Cavalry, one; 4th Cav- 



MICHIGAN IN THE W.VK. 91 

airy, one; 5th Cavalry, one; 6th Cavalry, one; 7th Cavalry, three; 8th 
Cavalry, one; 9th Cavalry, one; ]Oth Cavalry, one; 11th Cavalry, one; Bat- 
tery B, one; Battery E, one; Battery F, one; Battery H, two; Battery I, 
one; Battery K, two; 14lh Battery, one; 1st Colored Infantry (102d U. S.), 
three. 

These flagrs bear the National and State emblems, and are the cherished an.l 
venerated mementoes of great public services rendered by the soldiers of the 
State to the Republic, and of regimental bravery. 

Around them will cluster hallowed memories of State pride, of National 
grandeur and prowess, of individual heroism and patriotism, of fallen com- 
rades, and family bereavements. 

*' Those banners soiled with dust and smoke, 

And rent by shot and shell, 
That through the serried phalanx broke, 

What terrors could they tell! 
What tales of sudden pain and death — 

In every cannon's boom — 
When e'en the bravest held his breath, 

And waited for his doom." 

At the close of the procession, which was one of the finest and most interest- 
ing displays ever witnessed iu Michigan, the veterans were masted ih tiontof 
the speaker's stand on the Campus Martius, and delivered their flags to the 
Governor, when, after a prayer by Bishop S. A. McCoskiy, appropriate ad- 
dresses were made, from which the following extracts are taken : 

WLCOMING ADDRESS OF MAYOR M. I. MILLS. 

"You have peimitted no rebel hand to tear them from your grasp, and bear 
thum trophies to tlie foes of our Union. But, with Spartan fidelity, true to the 
trust confided, you have returned them home again, now to be placed in the 
archives of the State, there to remain mournful relics and mementoes of oui- 
cruel and bloody strife, a warning to all; and we have yet to learn that our 
State, or a single Michigan flag, has ever been dishonored upon a battle fieUl. 
You have now forsaken the tented field for the peaceful pursuits of citizen 
life. Yoa now rest from yotir dangers and your toils. You have the proud 
consciousness of knowing that you are among the defenders and preservers of 
our Union. You have tlie satisfaction of again seeing the old flag, the flag of 
onr fathers, wave defiantly and triumphantly over every foot of our National 
domain. Your prowess and your victories have rejoiced every patriot heart in 
the land. A Nation's gratitude is yours. The orphans of your brave com- 
lades are entitled to your paternal care. They must be ranked as children of 
the State. Amid our happiness and our rejoicings upon this glorious anni- 
versary of our country we cannot forget that our countrymen — our erring and 
misguided countrymen of the South — are still smarting under the blows that 
justice and patriotism compelled you to inflict. Shall we not show to the peni- 
tent that we are as magnanimous in peace as we have been irresistible in war? 
Shall we not imitate the examples of your most illustrious generals, Grant and 



92 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

Sherman, that brave men do not trample upon a fallen foe? Shall we ignore 
the meek and lowly, teachings of Him who died upon the cross ! God forbid 1" 



PRESENTATION ADDRESS OF GENERAL O. B. WILLCOX. 

"Of all these flags there is scarcely one which has not waved in the thickest 
of the fight; scarcely a color which has not seen its heroic bearers one after 
another struck down in battle. Ah, yes! many a hand that vigorously grasped 
these flagstaffs and led the van now lies crumbling in the grave; and not color- 
bearers alone, but nearly 15,000 others who fought beside them — the flower of 
Michigan — return not to receive your thanks and the plaudits of their grateful 
countrymen. They walk the earth no more in the flesh, but their fame sur- 
vives, and their glorified foims bend above us now and, with hands unseen, 
deck these colors with invisible garlands. While we have souls to remember, 
let their memories be cherished. Let a monument be erected to them — at once 
worthy of their deeds and worthy of the State; let their widows and or[)haiis 
be cared for; and never let us forget the cause for which they fell ; a war not 
for ambition, not for a dynasty or a party — no, let party spirit be hushed in 
their majestic presence — not to establish or defend a throne, neither for spoils, 
oppression, nor any otiier unworthy object, but simply for the Union, and as 
soon as may be, let the ancient foundations of the Constitution be restored with 
only the crumbling stone of slavery left out, and with liberty guaranteed to ail. 

" I have seen the finger of Providence through the thick smoke of battle, 
and now that the dark curtain is lifted, and the sun of victory breaks through 
in meridian splendor, I liave more confidence than ever in our destiny. We 
thank God that we have returned to our homes victorious. If you, tlie Gover- 
nor and the people of Michigan, are satisfied with the manner in which we luive 
performed our part, we are grateful for your applause. We have tried to do 
our duty, and we have done no more than that duty which every citizen owes 
to a free and fraternal government, and in the peaceful walks of civii life we 
shall endeavor to set an example of peace, moderation, and submission to the 
laws. It only now remains for me, in the name of the Michigan soldiers, to 
surrender to the State these flags, tattered but not stained, emhlfinsof a war 
that is past. We shall ever retain our pride in their glorious associations, us 
well as our love for tlie old Peninsular St.ite." 



RECEPTION SPEECH OF GOVERNOR HENRY H. CRAPO. 

"I receive, in belialf of the people of Michigan, these honorable memorials 
of your valor and the Nation's glory; and on their part, I once more thank 
you for the noble services you have rendered in defending and preserving tlie 
life of the Nation, at the hazard of your own, and at the sacrilice of so many 
of your Comrades. I may venture to give you the assurance that you have the 
unbounded gratitude and love of your fellow-citizens; and that between you 
and them the glory of these defaced old flags will ever be a subject of inspiia- , 
tion — a common bond of affection. To you they represent a nationality which { 
you have periled your lives to maintain; and are emblematic of a liberty which 
your strong arms and stout hearts have helped to win. To us they are our 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 93 

fathers' flags — the ensigns of all the worthy dead — 3-our comrades, our rela- 
tives and friends — who for their preservation have given their blood to enrich 
the battle-fields, and their agonies to hallow the prison pens of a demoniac 
enemy. Tiiey are your flags and oars. How rich the treasure ! They will not 
be forgotten and their histories be left unwritten. 

"Their stories will be as household words; and the minds of those who 
come after us will dwell upon the thoughts of manly endeavor, of staunch 
endurance, of illustrious achievements, which their silent eloquence will ever 
suggest. They will ever typify the grand results accomplished by the loval 
men of the Nation in this great rebellion; and should the flame of patriotism 
ever wane upon our altar-stone, the halo from these mementoes will kindle 
again the ancient fire that electrified the world. 

" Jjet us, then, tenderly deposit them, as sacred relics, in the archives of 
our State, there to stand foiever, her proudest possession — a revered incentive 
to liberty and patriotism, and a constant rebuke and terror to oppression and 
treason." 



The ceremonv concluded with a benediction by the Kev. Dr. George DutKeld, 
when the veterans marched to the depot of the Michigan Central Railroad, 
where they partook of a substantial repast, prepared for them by the citizens, 
and where they were waited upon at tables by ladies and gentlemen of the city. 

Those old flags, fluttering proudly in the breeze, bearing the mark of many 
bullets, and the record of many battles, under which friends had fou"-ht and 
loved ones fallen, strengthened the people in their love of country, and made 
them firmer in their faith of the lasting union of the Kepublie. They were 
gladdened in heart at the presence of the veterans of the army of Michit^an. 
Yet, alas ! their joy was mixed with sorrow. Fourteen thousand and over of 
that army had joined the "legion of the dead;" they had fallen under the 
flag on many battle fields. Most of them, in a spirit of humanity and vene- 
ration, have been gathered by kindly hands into the beautiful cemeteries, pro- 
vided by a beneficent Government, and now sleep in their windowless palaces 
of rest, where they will lie in peace until the last reveille; but some of them 
yet lie where their comrades left them, by the way-sides, on the sunny brows 
of many hills, in the dense forests, in the valleys, and under the orange and 
palm trees, on the banks of rivers, under the deep, dark waters, and on the 
sea beach, where the restless waves forever chant their requiem. But they lie 
under the flag tliey defended and made stainless, and in the laud they saved 
and made free. 

" Thank God! there beams o'er land and sea, 
Our blazing: star of victory; 
And everywhere, from main to main, 
The ' Old Flag ' flies aud rules again. " 



THE FLAGS OF MICHIGAN. 



The flags of Michigan having borne a conspicuous part in the war of the 
rebellion, their origin and description will not be out of place here. The flags 
are complex in the emblematical composite, one of them being the National 
standard of the Union, the stars and stripes; the other composed in part of 
what is recognized as the Arms of the United States and the Arms of Michigan. 

From the earliest periods, flags and banners have been adopted and employed 
to designate nations, commonwealths, associations, clans, and families, as well 
as orders of nobility, one fiom another, by various colors, forms, symbols, and 
mottoes, and their composite has been as diversified as their use has been uni- 
versal. 

As emblems, they are revered and loved by the people in all countries, and 
exert a powerful influence in upholding unity and strength in nations and 
States, as well as in lesser compacts and associations. 

In politics, they designate the vaiious parties, and have much significance in 
processions, and other public gatherings, at the same time constituting a very 
interesting part of the display. 

They form a portion of the equipment of all armies and navies, and although 
in peace tliey are usually erroneously regarded as merely for (lis[)lay, yet in 
war they assun)e an importance and value which can only be fully appreciated 
by those who follow and fight under them. They of ten prove a more powerful 
incentive than the truest valor, and in the smoke and din of battle, when com- 
mands are silenced, and tactics and strategy fail, are the guiding stais, often 
leading armies on to glorious victory. 

In our own country, the love and reverence for the old flag were powerful 
incitements to patriotic action in the recent war, often leading those in the field 
to follow it to deeds of heroism not surpassed in any other war. while it aided 
much in strengthening and uniting the people in the determination to maintain 
the unity of the republic. 

It is claimed as being well settled, that so far as recorded, the earliest flags 
planted on North Ameiiean shoies were those of England, and that with 
changing devices, various symbols and mottoes, they were continued through 
the provincial and colonial times, in the Anglo Saxon settlements, until the 



MICHIGAN lA w.ii: WAR. 96 

raisina: of the great union banner at Cambridge, Massachusetts, on January 
2d, 1776. This contained the thirteen stripes of alternate red and white, as an 
emblem of the union of the thirteen colonies against the oppressive acts of 
Gieat Britain, but still retaining the blended crosses of Saint George and Saint 
Andrew. Soon after this, however, they were erased and a canopy of stars on 
a blue tield substituted, theieby adding beauty and meaning to the fact that 
the last semblance of loyalty to England was to be renounced, an entire sepa- 
ration of the colonies from Great Britain effected, and the advent of a new 
power, which had by declaration a sliort time previous, proclaimed a free and 
indei)endent state, to be known as the United States of America. 

Symbolic ensigns, standards, and banners enter into the heraldry of all 
nations, but differ much in design ; some have birds and fishes, some beasts, 
and others trees, while many have various other devices, and each with some 
adopted significance. 

The " stars and stripes" were chosen for America. Opinions vary as to their 
meaning. Some say that the red is emblematic of the blood shed for our 
country by the forefathers, that the blue tells of the heavens, and their pro- 
tection, while the stars represent the several States as one nationality. 

The designating stripes on the coats of the Continental soldiers are said to 
have furnished the idea of the stripes, and some have supposed that they were 
borrowed from the J)utch, while others have believed that both stars and 
8tri])es were suggested by the arms of Washington, which singularly contain 
both. 

The designer of this union of stars is unfortunately unknown, but the elo- 
quent and chaste significance applied to them is sublime. A new constellation, 
speaking of union, perpetuity, justice, equality, subordination, courage, and 
purity, with a covenant against oppression and in fijvor of liberty. 

" For the hand that has woven those colors of light, 
And sent it aflame thro' the World's every zone, 
That has led, and has kept it thro' storm and thro' night, 
Is the hand that has blest us, sweet Liberty's own!" 

The star in the American banner, having only five jjoints, seems to have 
been taken from either the heraldry of France, Germany or Holland, while 
that on our coin follows that of England, having six jioints. 

On the 14th of June, 1777, the American Congress ^'Resolved, that the fiag 
of the thineen United States be thirteen stripes, alternate red and white;* 
that the Union be thirteen stars, white, in a blue field, representing a new 
constellation." 

This is the first and only legislative action, of which there is any record, for 
the establishment of a National Flag for the sovereign United States of 
America, declared independent July 4th, 177G, and proclaims the official birth 
of a new constellation as the symbol of their union. This dilatory resolve of 
Congress, it will be observed, was not i)a£sed until eighteen months after the 



9(3 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

Union Flag raising at Cambridge, and the sailing of the first American fleet 
from Philadelphia, under colonial colors, nearly a year after the declaration 
of the entire separation of the colonies from Great Britain. ^ 

After a number of additional States had been admitted to the Union, a 
resolution was offered in Congress apjiointing a committee to enquire into the 
exi)ediency of altering the flag of the United States. This committee reported 
a bill on the 2d of January, 1817, but it was not acted upon. On the reassenj- 
bling of Congress, on the 16th of December following, the resolution was 
renewed, and on the 6th of January, 1818, a committee reported the following 
law, which was enacted and approved April 4th, 1818: 

** AN ACT to establish the Flag of the United States. 

" Section 1. Be it enacted, etc., that from and after the 4th day of July 
next, the flag of the United States be thirteen horizontal stripes, alternate red 
and white; that the union have twenty stars, white, on a blue field. 

"Sec. '4. And be it further enacted, that on the admission of every new 
State into the Union, one star be added to the union of the flag; and that 
such addition shall take effect on the 4th of July next succeeding such 
admission." 

The flag, it is claimed, was designed by Captain S. C. Reid, for which he 
received a vote of thanks from Congress in 1859. He had been the com- 
mander of a privateer, known as the "General Armstrong," and had defended 
her with much gallantry while being attacked by a British squadron of boats 
in Fayal Koads. He died in 1861, a Master in the United States Navy. 

The first flag is said to have been made at New York, by Mrs. S. C. Reed, 
under the direction of her husband, and to have been hoisted on the House of 
Representatives on the 13th of April, 1818, although the act establishing it 
was not to take effect until the 4th of July following. 

It is also claimed tlmt Mrs. John Ross was the first maker and partial 
designer of the Stars and Stripes; that the house where the flag was niade is 
still standing, being 239 Arch street, Philadelphia; that she was visited by 
(jeneral Washington and a committee of Congress in June, 1770, who engaged 
her to make the flag, from a rough drawing, and which, according to her sug- 
gestions, was re-drawn by General Washington in pencil, changing the forma- 
tion of the stars from six-cornered to five-cornered. 

It is said that a standard was presented to the Philadelphia troop of Light 
Horse, by Captain Abraham Markoe, in 1774-5, and is still displayed at their 
aniiivi'rriiiiy dinneis, and wliich is generally believed to be the first instance of 
the thirteen stripes being used upon an American flag. 

Captani Niciiolus Johnson, of Newburyport, master of the ship Count de 
Grasse, is repoi ted to have lirst displayed the stars and stripes as the American 
ensign on the river Thames, Connecticut; but the honor has since been 
claimed in behalf of a barque named the Maria, afterwards engaged in the 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 97 

whaling trade, and which was still in use in 1856, having returned to Now Bed- 
ford, Massachusetts, in that year, undoubtedly the oldest vessel in America. 

Paul Jones is accredited with being the man to first raise them as the flag 
of America on a naval vessel named The Alfred, and in 1777 to have received 
the first salute for it in European waters,' although opinions are advanced that 
the ship Bedford, of Nantucket, Captain Wni. Mooers, should have the honor 
of first displaying the flag in a British port. 

After signing the Declaration of Independence, on the 4th of July, 1776, 
The Continental Congress, before adjourning on that day, appointed Dr. Frank- 
lin, Mr. Adams, and Mr. Jefferson as a committee to prepare a device for a 
seal of the United States. On August the ^Oth, following, they made a report, 
which was laid on the table. 

In the Congress of the Confederation, on the 20th of June, 1782, the follow- 
ing "device for an armorial achievement, and reverse of the great seal for the 
United States in Congress assembled," was adopted. 

Arms: "Palewaysof thirteen pieces, argent and gules; a chief, azure; the 
escutcheon on the breast of the American eagle displayed proper, holding in 
his dexter talon an olive branch; and in his sinister a bundle of thirteen arrows, 
all proper, and in his beak a scroll inscribed with this motto: ' U pluribus 
tamm.' " 

For the Crest: " Over the head of the eagle, which appears above the escutch- 
eon, a glory, or breaking through a cloud, proper, and surrounding thirteen 
stars, forming a constellation, argent, on an azure field." 

Reverse: "A pyramid unfinished. In the zenith, an eye in a triangle sur- 
rounded with glory, proper. Over the eye these words: 'Anuit ccepliti.' On 
the base of the pyramid the numerical letters, 'MDCCLXXVI;' and under- 
neath the following motto: ' JS'ouiu^ ordo seclonwi.' " 

In September, 1789, an act was passed and approved which included, "That 
the seal heretofore used by the United States in Congress assembled shall be, 
and hereby is, declared to be the seal of the United States." 

The arms are inscribed on what is used by the United States troops as the 
regimental or battalion color, made either of blue, yellow, or scarlet silk, 
designating the different arms of service, and are carried with the National 
flag, constituting the colors of a regiment. 

The principal figure on the arms is the "National emblem," — the bald or 
white-lieaded eagle, one of the largest of his species, as he is the nn)St beautiful 
of his tribe, while he is sai(i to renew his age, and to exceed man in his length 
of days.* 

As a bearing in a coat of armor, he is reckoned as honorable among birds, 
as the lion is among beasts, although Dr. Franklin is said to have protested 
against adopting him as the emblem of America, saying: "For my part, I 

•One of them is said to have died at Vienna after being in confinement for one tiundred and four 
years. 

J3 



96 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

wish the bald eagle had uot been chosen as the representative of our country. 
He is a bird of bad moral character; he does not get his living honestly." 

Notwithstanding this objection by Dr. Franklin, the eagle has always con- 
stituted a prominent feature in the heraldry of nations, and was at an early 
day made the imperial standard of the Romnns, and from his aspiring flight 
and majestic soaring was fabled to hold couimunion with heaven, and to be 
the favorite messenger of Jove. 

The Tartars have a particular esteem for the feathers of his tail, with which 
they superstitiously think to plume invincible arrows. 

He is the venerated *' great war eagle" of the northern and western abor- 
igines, and his caudal feathers are extremely valued for talismanic head- 
dresses, and as sacred decorations for the " pipe of peace." 

In the mode of getting his living, which nature gave him, and for which he 
cannot be held responsible, his moral character does not suffer much, in 
comparison with that of the lion, the cherished emblem of a people, whose 
taste in such a choice their American descendants, to some extent, may be 
excusable in following. 

A beautiful idea is conveyed with regard to the American fltig in the remarks 
of a little boy, whose parents resided near Bardstovvn, Kentucky, when a 
Michigan regiment was stationed there. Although very young, a mere child, 
really, he had learned the difference in the appearance of Union and Con- 
federate soldiers, having seen both, and he had also taken notice of the coloi-s 
that composed the flags of both. One morning, discovering a beautiful rain- 
bow arching the heavens, suspended as it were from the sky, he hurried to his 
nioiher exclaiming, with great earnestness, pointing upwards with both his 
little hands, "Mother! mother! Oh, mother! God is a Union man." His 
mother questioned him as to his reasons for thinking so. He replied, wiiile a 
glow of delight flashed on his countenance, his little eyes beaming with bright- 
ness, "I know He is a Union man, mother, for I have seen His flag in 
heaven, and it is red, white, and blue." 

At the Falls of St. Mary's, in 1(571, representatives of the Indian tribi s from 
the St. Lawience, the Mississippi, the Lakes, and even the Ki'd River, met in 
convention, ai:d veteran oflicers from the armies of France, intermingled liere 
and there with a Jesuit missionary, a ci'of^s having been raised, and also a cedar 
post, on which the French lilies were inscribed, intended as a substitute for a 
flag, — the tiist symbol of government established on Michigan territory. The 
representatives of the savage hordes were then informed that they were under 
the protection of the French king, and the lauds were formally taken posses- 
sion of by M. de Lusson, on behalf of his government. 

While a detachment of English troops was advancing to occupy the fort at 
Detroit under the capitulation of 1760, a very singular symbol was made use of 
by the French ollicer in charge. Being indisposed to give up possession, he 
determined on resistance, and with this in view he collected a body of Indians 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 99 

to assist him. Being aware that the Indians were liable to be strongly influ- 
enced by symbols, he erected a pole, placing tliereon the image of a man's 
head, and on this he pi;t a crow, telling the Indians that the head represented 
the English, and the crow himself, meaning that the French would scratch out 
the brains of the English. They did not believe him, however, but were of the 
opinion that the reverse would be the case. Wiien the French officer gave up 
the fort the Indians loudly shouted in derision, and rejoiced that their prophecy 
had been verified. 

It has been well established that no part of the United States has been under 
so many national standards as Michigan, having been governed by three differ- 
ent sovereignties, and five times its flag has been changed. It was under the 
flag of France from 1622 until 1760; that of England from 1760 until ]796. 
In that year the stars and stripes were raised at Detroit, by Captain Porter, 
with a detachment of General Wayne's army, the first American flag that ever 
floated over Michigan. In the surrender of Hull at Detroit, in 1812, the 
standard of Great Britain was again established. In 1813, the victory of Com- 
modore Perry on Lake Erie resulted in restoring Michigan to the union, and 
the star spangled banner floated once more on her shores and lakes. 

It appears that, on the 22d of February, 1837, Stevens T. Mason, first Gov- 
ernor of Michigan, presented to the ''Brady Guard" of Detroit, then in com- 
mand of Captain Isaac S. Eowland, a flag, now in possession of the State, 
having on one side the devices and inscriptions on the seal of the State, with a 
Brady Guard and lady, and on the reverse his own portrait. This was without 
doubt the first flag bearing the State coat of arms, and was carried by the first 
uniformed conij^any of militia in the State, having been organized April 13th, 
1836, and was called into the service of the United States in the winter of 1837, 
as a frontier guard, during what is known as the " Patriot war," a very feeble 
and limited attempt at a Canadian revolution. 

From that time forth, numerous flags and banners had been in use, on wliich 
were placed the State arms, with various designs and emblems, but not until 
1865 had there been adopted an ofiicial flag of the State. This flag, a combi- 
nation of the State and National arms, recommended by Jolin Robertson, 
Adjutant General, approved by Governor Henry II. Crapo, by whose order it 
was made in Philadelphia in June of that year, was first unfurletl on the (»cca- 
sion of the laying of the corner-stone of the monument of the Soldiers' 
National Cemetery at Gettysburg, on the Fourth of July, 1805. It is now the 
recognized standard of Michigan, and is carried by the State regiments, side 
by side with the Stars and Stripes. 

The flag is made up on one side of the State arms, on a blue field, with the 
appropriate and truthful inscription : "Si (lucens pciiinfiulam aviceaaia circum- 
spice," — "If you seek a pleasant peninsula, look around you," — a proud 
proclamation and implied challenge, and with the signifiecnt motto on the 
shield, ^' Tuebor," — "I will defend," — a gallant declaration, ha))pily con- 



100 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

ceived, as an honest pledge, to guard and defend our border State, faithfully 
kept. On the reverse side, the arms of the United States, with the niotto^ 
^' E Pluinbus Unum." ^ 

There does not appear to have been any translation of the Latin inscriptions 
in the description of the seal recorded at the time it was presented to the Con- 
stitutional Convention adopting it, nor afterwards; at least no record of it can 
be found, yet members of that convention who have been questioned agree a& 
to the foregoing being the accepted rendering at the time of its adoption, and 
some of the very best authorities who have been personally consulted give the 
same translation. It is therefore deemed to be correct. 

The design given in the following official description, as taken from the 
journal of the Constitutional Convention, will of course be accepted as correct v 

Dethoit, June 24th, 1835. 
To the Secretary of the Territory of Michigan : 

In conformity with the following clause in the Constitution, adopted by the 
convention now in session, I transmit you the within description and accom- 
panying device for deposit in your office, hereby certifying that they are the 
papers to which reference is made in said clause, viz. : 

"A great seal for the State shall be provided by the Governor, which shall 
contain the device and inscriptions represented and described in tlie paiiers 
relating thereto, signed by the President of the Convention and deposited in 
the office of the Secretary of the Territory." 

JOHN BIDDLP]. 

President of the Convtukun. 



DESCEIPTION OF THE GREAT SEAL OF THE STATE OF MICHIGAN. 

A shield shall be represented on which shall be exibited a peninsula extend- 
ing into a lake, with the sun rising, and a man standing on the peninsula, with 
a gun in his hand. 

On the top of the sliield will be the word Tuelor, and underneath, in a 
scroll, will be the words Si quceris peninsulavi amcenam circuvispice. 

There will be a supporter on each side of the shield, one of which will rep- 
resent a moose, and the other an elk. Over the whole, as a crest will be the 
eagle of the United States, with the motto, ^' E Pluribus Unuiny Around 
will be the words, Great seal of the State of Micliigan, A. D. MDCCCXXXV. 

The American moose, or moose deer — the elk of Europe — is the largest of 
the deer kind, being taller than the horse. It is called by the Indians the 
Wampooee. The body is round, very compact, and short; the head narrow 
and clumsily shaped, and about two feet long; laige, protruciing lips; tlie eye 
small; ears long; the neck and withers covered with a heavy, coarse maae; 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 101 

tail not more than four inches in length ; the legs, though very long, are 
remarkably ck-an and firm. Tlie whole body, weighing from seven to twelve 
hundred pounds, is covered with hair of u grayish brown, coaise and angular, 
breaking if bent. lis movements are rather heavy; it does not gallop, but 
«liuIlk'S or ambles along, its joints cracking at every step, with a sound heard 
at some distance. It might seem from this description that the moose was an 
uncouth and unsightly animal, yet when seen dashing through its native 
forests it is said to produce on the mind of the beholder a feeling of beauty 
and sublimity. It is chiefly distinguished for its wide-spreading palmated 
horns, entirely webbed, like the foot of a duck. They are of great size, being 
two or three feet long, and sometimes four or five in the largest, weighing 
fifty or sixty pounds. They are shed annually in November. It feeds the 
same as the common deer, and in winter subsists on buds and barks of trees, 
and eats mosses dug from under the snow. It is long-lived, ;:ud does not 
attain full gmwth until fourteen years of age. It was formerly common in all 
Northern Euiope and Asia, but is now rarely met with, and only in the extreme 
northern regions. When the United States were first settled by the whites it 
was found from the Carolinas to the polar regions ; it is never seen now except 
in northern latitudes. It was believed by the ancients to graze walking back- 
wards, and to have frequent attacks of epilepsy, and on that account was 
called by the Teutonic name of Eland — viiserahU. It had the reputation, 
especially of the fore hoofs, as a specific against disease, and as a remedy for 
its own disorder it was said to be obliged to smell its hoof before it could 
recover. 

"The elk of America, the Wapiti, is a large and noble species resembling 
the red deer of Europe ; it has tall, round, branching horns, sometimes six feet 
high ; the color is yellowish brown, the tail short, the form stately, the air ma- 
jestic. Its length is seven to eight feet, its height four and a half to five feet. 
Its horns are shed in February or March. This animal is common in the 
Northwestern States, and ihence north to Lake Winnipeg." 

It is conceded that General Lewis Cass was the designer of the seal, and he 
seems to have been recognized as such by the convention, in the adoption of 
the following, on the 22d of June, prior to its final acceptance: 

Reaolved, That the President of this Convention tender to the Hon. Lewis 
Cass the thanks of this Convention, representing the people of Michigan, for 
the handsome State seal, presented by him to the State. 

With a view of bringing about some uniformity in its use, on flags, and in 
many other way;^, where it may be found necessary to use it, it has beau deemed 
advisable to enter thus fully into an investigation, and to fix, as far as possible, 
a definite understanding of the subject. Eor the purpose of aiding in this, the 
following letters are introduced : 



10;i MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

Kalamazoo, February 3d, 187 7. 

Dear General : — Your letter of the 2nth of January last was received here 
during my absence, else would have been answered more promptly. 1 was a 
member (as you state) of the Michigan Constitutional Convention of 1835, and 
remember that General Lewis Cass, then Secretary of War, presented to the 
people of Michigan, through John Biddle, the President of the convention, a 
device and motto to constitute the seal of Michigan when we became a State. 
IMiis device with the inscription was promptly and unanimously adopted by the 
convention. 1 was not an accomplished Latin scholar, but with some knowl- 
edge of the language, I construed the motto *^ Si queen's peninsulatii amoenam 
circumspice'^ to mean literally "If you seek a pleasant peninsula, look about 
you," and in the limited talk that was indulged in debate on the subject, I re- 
member that General Isaac E, Crary, Judge Koss VVilkins, and possibly others 
gave the above as the literal translation of the motto, and they all agreed that 
this could not be improved by any attempt to make the translation more lib- 
eral. The word *' Tuebor^' was construed " I will defend," and if it had been 
placed on the seal and presented to the convention by some one not possessing 
the well earned popularity of General Cass, would have been stricken out as 
savoring too much of pretentious vaunting; as it was, we all deferred to his 
superior judgment, and adopted the seal as it came from him. 

As one of the citizens of Michigan, permit me to thank you for your efforts 
in maiiing up a perfect record of the flags to be placed in the new Capitol of 
Michigan, there to remain as part of the evidence that the people of the Penin- 
sula State have done their full part in the preservation of the union. 
Very respectfully 

Your friend and obedient servant, 

H. G. WELLS, 

General John Robertson. 



Detroit, February Gfh, 1877. 

My Dear General: — In reply to your inquiry as to my recollections, if 
any, as to the origin of our State coat of arms, I can say that when a law stu- 
dent with Major Lewis Cass, in the year 1841, we had some conversation on tlie 
subject; and as I now recall it, he then stated that when the matter was under 
consideration by the State authorities, his father, the late General Cass, was 
consulted, and together they selected and niodified the celebrated inscription 
upon the black marble slab that marks the tomb of Sir Christopher Wren in 
the crypt of St. Paul's Cathedral, of which he was the distinguisiied architect. 
That inscription read, and still reads, as you know, thus: "*S'/ monwnentum 
requiris circum^plce" ("if you require a monument (for me) look around you"). 
Tliat is to say, my monument is the great temple itself which I have here de- 
signed and reared. Observing as the distinguishing feature of the State its 
peninsular character, they modified this motto hs &nhst\tv\i\ng queer is peninKulam 
amcBuavi for the words monumenhim requiris; so that the motto as sha})ed by 
them then read as tj-anslafced, — "If you seek a pleasant peninsuhv, look around 
you." This is the osigiu and history of this part of the motto, and it is all 
there is of it. 

The word " Tuebor'^ ("I will defend") has reference to the frontier position 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 103 

of the State of Michigan. She lies close to the British territory, and on her 
devolves the defense not only of her soil, but also of the States south and east 
and west of her. She is the northern guard of the Union, and she says upon 
the shield, " I will defend^' the frontier against all enemies. In this view the 
word has a beautiful and brave significance, and should never be changed while 
our position is thus in the fore front of exposure. 

The eagle over the top of the coat of arms evidently symbolizes the superior 
authority and jurisdiction of the United States, to which authority our State 
has ever proved herself truly loyal. 

I am glad to know that you are putting into pamphlet form the record of the 
flag's history, and trust that the colors of the Union and those of the Peninsula 
State will always in the future, as in the past, be joined, peacefully blending 
with each other, and may God long preserve this Commonwealth, and the union 
of the States. 



Truly yours, 
General John Robertson. 



D. BETHUNE DUFFIELD. 



Tecumseh, January 27fh, 1877. 

Dear General: — Tours of yesterday as to the adoption of the Michigan 
State coat of arms by the Constitutional Convention of 1835 was received this 
morning. I reply with pleasui-e, and will say a word or two as to the situation 
of affairs at the time of its adoption. I have heard of late som€ persons criti- 
cising the mottoes of the State coat of arms ; say that " Fe7iinsiilam amcBuam^* 
should have been in the plural, so as to include both peninsulas, and amongst 
them, at a University commencement dinner a few years ago, one who I believe 
was a graduate of the University, and at any rate had held an important State 
office. But if they look back at the act of Congress of January 11th, 1805, 
providing for the organization of the Territory of Michigan, and fixing its 
boundaries, and which remained the same as then established so long as Mich- 
igan was a Territory, except as to the ten mile strip added on the north to the 
Territory of Indiana in 1816, when it was admitted into the Union as a State, 
they might have seen or known that at the time of the sitting of the Constitu- 
tional Convention in 1835 tliere was no claim, or anticipated claim, to any lands 
west of the line drawn from the northern extremity of Lake Michig^an to the 
National boundary in Lake Superior, nor was there then desired or asked for by 
the convention, or by any one else, any such addition to our boundaries as is 
now embraced in what is known as the Upper Peninsula. It was an after- 
thought of Congress to compensate Michigan, as it were, for the land on our 
southern boundary taken from us and added to the State of Ohio, a year or 
more after the sitting of the convention and the adoption of the State Consti- 
tution and the State coat of arms. About the only voice raised in Congress 
against the robbery on our southern border was tiuit of the venerable ex-Presi- 
ident, J. Q. Adams, then a member of tiie House of Representatives. But 
what could a young and weak Territory, with no voice in Congress but that of 
a delegare without a vote, do against a powerful State with some nineteen votes? 

The literal English of ''Tiubor'' is: '•! will defend." It means some- 
what as if we would say, ''We will defend even unto killing — unto death." 



104 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

"■ Si quceris peninsulam cwicenam cimmispice," literally translated, is: *'If 
you seek a i)leHsaiit peninsula, look around," or thus: "If you are looking 
for or iu search of a beautiful peninsula, look around you, — here it is^' 

Yours truly, 

JOHN J. ADAM. 
General John Robertson. 

"Taebor" is not original in the arms of Michigan; it is the motto on the 
arms of Viscount Torrington, an English nobleman, whose county seat is Gates 
Court, Meredith, near Maidstone, Kent County, England. The titles in this 
family of Baronet and Viscount were created respectively in 1715 and 1721. 
The arms bear uo further resemblance to those of Michigan than the motto. 



DESCRIPTION OF THE TERRITORIAL SEAL OF MICHIGAN. 
[From ihe Record of Acts and Proceedings of the Executive Department of Michigan.] 

December first, in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred and 
fourteen : A description of the seal of the Territory of Michigan, and descrip- 
tions of the seals of the Supreme and other courts thereof, are devised, reduced 
to writing, and deposited for record, by His Excellency, Lewis Cass, Esquire ; 
and are as follows, to wit: 

description of the seal of the MICHIGAN TERRITORY. 

This seal to be two inches in diameter within the ring which usually forms 
the outer edge of seals. In the center of the seal to be a shield, or as the Her- 
alds style it, an escutcheon, in the form in whi(;h they are represented in the 
plates of Heraldry. Within the shield to be a small tree, properly proportioned 
to the size of the shield. A motto at the bottom of the shield to be " Tandem 
sit surcidus arbor" ("The shoot at length becomes a tree"). The shield to 
be supported by an eagle on each side, presenting a side view to the eye, the 
eagle on one side standing upon the right foot, and supporting the shield with 
the other; and contra on the other side of the shield. From the beak of one 
eagle to that of the other to be a scroll, passing over the shield in a curve, and 
within the scroll to be the motto of the United States, ^'£J phcribus U7ium." 
Round the seal to be these words, "Great Seal of the Territory of Michigan." 

The motto on this shield is that of the Marquis of Waterford. 



SOLDIERS' HOMES. 



At the session of 1867 the Legislature most humanely and opportunely appro- 
priated twenty thousand dollars to maintain for two years a temporary "Sol- 
diers' Home" at the Harper Hospital in Detroit. At the session of 1869 an 
additional sum was appropriated for its support for two years more. This 
home was established for the maintenance of infirm, maimed, and destitute 
Michigan soldiers and sailors of the late war, its management to be under the 
direction of the State Military Board, then consisting of Colonel D. 11. Jer- 
ome, of Saginaw, President; Colonel Jerome Croul, of Detroit; Colonel Alvin 
T. Crossman, of Flint; Colonel Henry L. Hall, of Hillsdale; and Col. S. M. 
Cutcheon, of Ypsilunti. 

Tins institution is still under the direction of the same board, now composed 
of Colonel Charles E. Grisson, St. Johns; Colonel Henry M. Duffield, Detroit; 
and General Lewis W. Heath, Inspector General, Grand Kapids. It is still 
deemed a necessity as a place of shelter for destitute Michigan soldiers while 
preparation is being made for their admission to the National homes. 

In the management of the "Home'' judicious liberality iias accorded to the 
disabled soldier the fullest benefit contemplated by the law, proving of great 
benefit to many who have found it necessary to seek its shelter; at the same 
time guarding with great care the State against unnecessary expense and 
imposition of the undeserving. 

In this connection it may not be out of place to state that since the estab- 
lishment of these "National Homes," and up to the present time, 660 Michi- 
gan soldiers have received admission — 345 at Dayton, Ohio; 178 at Milwaukee, 
Wisconsin; 17 at Togus, near Augusta, Maine; and 30 at Hampton, Virginia. 

While asylums affording ordinary yet comfortable homes are provided by 
their governments for the disabled veterans of foreign armies, it has been 
reserved for America to take tlie advance in this field of humanity and right 
by placing the "National Homes" of our country, for her maimed veterans, 
on a scale incomparably high and infinitely superior. 

They provide all the ordinary comforts of a home, chapels for religious ser- 
vices, halls for concerts and lectures, hospitals with experienced surgeons and 
kind nurses, library and reading rooms, amusement halls, school rooms, post 
14 



106 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

and telegraph offices, stores and workshops. Those who desire to fit them- 
selves for active employment, may receive an education so as to take up almost 
any employment, or may learn trades suited to their peculiar disalnlity, and 
compensation is allowed for profitable labor. 

It should be borne in mind by the soldiers and their friends that these 
Homes are neither hospitals nor alms-houses, but homes where subsistence, 
care, education, religious instruction, employment, and amusements are pro- 
vided, and this provision is not a charity, neither furnished at the expense of 
the States nor of the General Government, but being the stoppages from 
bounty -jumpers and bad soldiers of the war, is therefore a contribution by the 
vicious and unfaithful to the brave and deserving. 

Liberal pay and sometimes large bounties were the soldiers' benefits while in 
service ; still it was but money, easily and soon spent. Pensions granted to 
the maimed smd diseased may prove insufficient or may be improvidently 
wasted, but the National Home is the deserving soldier's '*Ao?/?e," and is a 
complete and lasting competence which can neither be misspent nor taken 
away, but remains a heritage from our country, "not for a day, but for all 
time." 

These "Homes" are the greatest boon conferred upon those who bared 
their breasts to the bullet and became crippled and infirm in the service of 
their country. Many of them will pass their last days in those quiet and 
beautiful retreats in peace and comfort, meeting death while imploring God's 
blessing upon those who in their warm and humane hearts devised so much of 
good for the aged and enfeebled soldier, and will then be borne by their 
friendly comrades to their graves in green and retired spots, beautifully 
improved and adorned in the shades of the native forest. 



ROLL OF HONOR. 



The Legislature of IRHO. with entire unanimity and much liberality, passed 
the following joint resoluliuii, which was approved by Governor Baldwni ou th& 
3d of April : 

" Resolved ly the Senate and House of Reprcsentath'es of the State of Mi'h- 
igan. That the Adjutant General of tl\e Stale be authorized and instructed La 
prepare or finish the preparation of a roll (to be called the Roll of Honor), 
upon which shall be inscribed the names of all such citizens of Michigan, not 
only as have fallen in battle, or died in consequence of wounds received during 
the late war of the rebellion, but also all who died in Southern prisons, hospi- 
tals, and all other places, even though they may have served in regiments or 
batteries organized in other States, said roll to be a complete list of all the cas- 
ualties of war among Michigan men ; and further, 

Resolved, That a sum not exceeding one thousand dollars be, and the same 
hereby is, appropriated out of the general fund for the compilation of said roll 
and the engrossing of the same on parchment, and that the Adjutant General 
is directed to have the roll in parchment bound and placed in the State Library, 
and the original copy bound and retained in the office of the Adjutant General." 

This sum having been found too small. Governor Baldwin, at the next ses- 
sion, obtained an additional appropriation sufficient to complete the binding of 
the work, which was finished in the early part of 1872, and forwarded to the 
Governor, with the following letter : 

Military Department, Michigan, ) 

Adjutant General's Office, \ 

Detroit, September 16th, 1S72.) 

To His Excellency, Henry P. Baldwin, Governor of Michigan: 

Governor: — I have the honor to transmit to you the "Roll of Honor" re- 
quired under a resolution of the Legislature, approved April 3d, 1809. 

Very respectfully. 

Your most obedient servant, 

JA'O. HOHERTSON, 
Adjutant General. 

The "Roll" contains 14,855 names finely engrossed on English parchment 
by John Radiger, occupying him constantly for two years. It is made up in 
two volumes, elegantly and substantially bound in Russia leather, with orna- 
mental brass trimmings and fastenings, and has the following introductory: 



108 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

"Boll of honor of Michigan soldiers who died in defense of the American 
Union, 1801-1865. 

" Michigan, ever true to the flag of her fathers and her own honor,"* declared 
at the outbreaii of the late civil war that the American Union, the best Gov- 
ernment given by God to man, must be preserved in spite of unjustifiable seces- 
sion, atrocious treason, and armed rebellion, and that the freedom of tlie peo- 
ple must be permanently secured. This declaration was most faithfully and 
heroically maintained, as evinced by the truthful loyalty, persistent energy, and 
unbounded liberality of her people, but especially by the faithful and brilliant 
services of her noble soldiery in the field, thereby establishing an unquestion- 
able claim to a full share in common with all other loyal States of the honor 
of defending the Government, and of preserving the institutions of our 
country. 

"Michigan, gratefully realizing and duly appreciating the noble sacrifice 
made by so many of her gallant and illustrious sons upon the altar of then- 
country's liberty, who fell on many battle fields while bravely fighting for our 
National life, and honoring their State, is desirous of perpetuating their mem- 
ory by inscribing their names on a roll of injperishable honor, to pass into the 
future as a bright and lasting record of their patriotism and true devotion to 
American nationality and freedom, worthy of the highest and purest veneration 
of their fellow countrymen for all coming time. 

**In order to effect this commendable purpose, the State, through her Legis- 
lature, has caused the compilation of the roll of honor of Michigan soldiers 
who fell iu battle or who died of wounds or disease. 

•' ' Though mixed with earth their perishable clay, 
Their names shall live while glory lives to lell; 
True to their country, how they won the day, 
How firm the heroes stood, how calm they fell.'" 




'•»H«, 



'»« t„ 









^/^//Y^ 



SOLDIERS AND SAILORS' MONUMENT. 



.«^ 



/ 

The Michigan regiments were early in the^'^field, and in rapid snccession flung 
their flags to the breeze, until foriy-niue regiments, with several independent 
companies, had gone to the front to battle for the Union, and included up to 
the close of the war over ninety thousand men, fourteen thousand and over of 
whom are recorded as martyrs for their country. 

While flags and banners are made the medium of expressing to troops grati- 
tude for their patriotism, and the expectation of their gallant services, as well 
as their acknowledgment, costly monuments and columns are reared to com- 
memorate their sacrifices. 

From the earliest periods, in all civilized nations and communities, monu- 
ments have been acknowledged evidences of an enlightened, grateful, and 
generous people, and are so considered at the present day. Some are reared as 
mementoes of great national events, or as recognitioijs of achievements or ac- 
knowledged worth of individuals, others to honor the memories of patriots who 
have made sacrifice for their country; while the most numerous are raised to 
mark the last resting place of the departed, and to inscribe thereon their brief 
and latest history. 

Some monuments, commenced with a national purpose, are in ruins ere 

completed. Others, undertaken by populous states or cities, are left unfinished, 

both speaking loudly of neglect, if not of disgrace, and at least are evidences 

< of a cooled ardor in the cause, or of a wanton forgetf uliiess of the worth or 

' valor which they were intended to perpetuate ; while the humble stone with the 

! tender and loving inscription of the widowed mother to her departed child is 

completed and stands intact, the consummation of a fixed and hallowed purpose. 

With a grateful appreciation of the services and sacrifices of her sons who 

: gave up their lives, the dearest boon to man, and of those who risked them in 

the same glorious cause, Michigan, early in the war, determined to per])etuate 

their memories and heroic deeds, by the erection of a monument chiseled from 

the white marble or the beautiful granite of America, elaborately and appropri- 

I ately finished with bronze or marble figures. 

I At a public meeting held by the citizens of Detroit, on June I'Oth, 1801, the 
1 measure \^as inaugurated, and it was resolved to erect a monument to the 



110 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

noble dead who might fall in defense of the Union. A committee to carry the 
resolution into eliect was appointed, composed of Judge B. F. H. Witherell, 
Colonel E. Backus, U. S. A., Messrs. Charles 0. Trowbridge, James W. Till- 
man, and Colonel Henry A. Morrow. 

Following the battle of Bull Run, and the anticipated return of the 1st 
Regiment, which had lost heavily in that engagement, public sentiment was 
becoming much strengthened in favor of the measure, while the public press 
was being made use of in its behalf. In the Free Press of July SOtli is found 
the following : 
To the Editor of the Detroit Free Press : 

Now that we are to extend a welcome to the 1st Michigan, or all that is left 
of them, is it not meet to take some steps for duly honoring the "unreturning 
brave?" 

The men who fell at Manassas were not mercenary soldiers. They did not 
enlist for the eleven dollars a month and board. They were animated by the 
loftiest patriotism, and if Thermopylae had its monument with the inscription, 

" Go, stranger, and at Lacedtemon tell 
That here obedient to her laws we fell." 

How much more shall our slain be honored. The Spartans fought to pre- 
vent invasion and consequent subjugation. Our men fought not for any such 
purpose, but for the triumph of constitutional liberty. Their homes and all 
their selDsh interests were safe. They fought the battle for humanity, for the 
world, for posterity. It strikes me that the least we can do is to perpetuate 
the memory of their sacrifice. I would therefore suggest the erection of a 
monument in one of the public places of our city, by contributions from all 
the citizens of the State who appreciate valor. 

The base is to be quadrangular or octagonal, as a committee may decide, with 
spaces for tablets. On one of these let there be cut an inscription of the fol- 
lowing nature; "To the memory of the volunteers of the 1st Regiment of 
Michigan Infantry, who fell at the battle of Manassas, Sunday, July 21st, 
1861, in defense of the Constitution and the laws." 

Then let there follow the names of all who were killed or afterwards died 
of their wounds. What a consolation .this would be to relatives and friends. 
With what a patriotic pride might a father, whose son had fallen, look upon 
the tablet and the tapering shaft. Let it be known and said of all such, he 
is the father of one of the heroes of Manassas. The other spaces might be 
left for the heroes of futui'e battles. 

With what renewed ardor our men would fight, content to suffer, knowing 
that, instead of being foigotten in a nameless grave on some battle field, a 
grateful people were erecting monuments to commemorate their heroic deeds. 

Our Michigan soldiers have covered themselves with glory. Let it not be 
said that we, who shall reap the harvests of which their blood is the sowing, 
iire careless of their memories. 

T. W. PALMER. 

Tlie committee referred to met on the 6th day of August following, when 
Judge Witherell was appointed chairman; J. W. Tillman, treasurer; and T. 
VV. Palmer, secretary. 



I 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 



Ill 



Frequent meetings were afterwards held, together with consultations with 
friends of the measure, and finally it was deemed best to await the termination 
of the war and the end of the rebellion. 

Tl)is desirable result having been accomplished, a meeting was held in 
Detroit, July 20ih, 18G5, at which a comnnUee of seven were selected and 
appointed, composed of Messrs. C. C. Trowbridge, John Owen, J. F. Conover, 
T. W. Palmer, B. F. H. Witherell, John Eobertson, and J. W. Tillmau, to 
which the whole matter was referred, with instructions to prepare and report 
at a subsequent meeting a plan for organization, and also to present the names 
of suitable peisoiis to fill the positions or offices which they might recommend, 
and with power to call the next meeting. 

On the 11th of August, 1865, a meeting was held, at which the committee 
submitted their repoit, recommending the raising by subscription throughout 
the State of $5U,t)00,- and at the same time presented a plan of organization 
and labor, naming as a board of directors for the management of the business 
of the association : 



Hon. B. F. H. "Witherell, Dotroit. 
Hon. C. C. Trowbiid-e, l^cUoit. 
J. W. Tillman, Esq., D(>tioit. 
Gen. H. A. Morrow, Detroit. 
T. W. Palmer, Esq., Detroit. 
Hon. H. P. Baldwin, Detroit. 
Hon. John Owen, Detroit. 
Hon. Htniy N. Walker, Detroit. 
W. A. Butler, Esq., Detroit. 

B. Yernor, Esq., Detroit. 

C. F. Clark, Esq., Detroit. 
Hon. W. A. Howard, Detroit. 
Gen. John Robertson, Detroit. 
Hon. J. F. Jov, Detroit 

Major Gen. E. O. C. Ord, Detroit. 
Major Gen. 0. B. Wilicox, Detroit. 
Major Gen. A. S. Williams, Detroit. 
W. C. McConiiell, Esq., Pontiae. 
Witter J. Baxter, Esq., Jonesville. 
Hon. Charles T. Gorham, Marshall. 
Hon. John 11. Kellogij, AUeijan. 
Hon. T. W. Ferry, Grand Haven. 
Hon. Edwin Moore, Three Rivers. 
Hon. A. H. Morrison, !St. Joseph. 
Hon. W. L. Bancroft, St. Clair county. 
Hon. George Redlield, Cass county. 
Morgan Bates, Es*]., Grand Traverse. 
II. Shelton, Esq., Houghton. 

W^m. H. Maltby, Esq., Cheboygan. 

Vm. McPherson, Esq., Livingston county 

Ion. Chauncev Davis, Muskegon. 

ion. G. T. Wendell, Mackinac. 

.ion. Alex. Campbell, Marquette. 

Hon. H. A Waldron. Hillsdale county. 
Jlon. H. A. Divine, Montcalm county. 
Itlajor A. 1>. Watson, Newavgo county. 
;). Bethune DuOield, Esq., Detroit. 

f. F. Conover, Esq., Detroit. 

I. Marxhausen, Esq., Detroit. 



His Excellency Gov. H. H. Crape, Flint. 

Hon. E. H. Thonjpson, Flint. 

Ex-Gov. Austin Blair, Jackson. 

Hon. James Birney, Bay City. 

Hon. E. J. Penninian, Plymouth. 

James Burtenshaw, Esq., Ontonagon. 

S. F. Pfige, Esq., Ionia. 

Hon. Giles Hubbard, Mount Clemens. 

John A. Kerr, Esq., Lansing. 

Dr. Potter, East baginaw. 

Hon. Peter White, Marquette. 

Hon. T. D. Gilbert, Grand Rapids. 

Hon. Hezekiah G. Wells, Kalamazoo. 

Hon. R. C. Paine, Niles. 

Hon. W. S. Maynard, Ann Arbor. 

Talcott E. Wing, Esq., Monroe. 

Hon. R. R. Beecher, Adrian. 

Col. W. L. Stougliton, St. Joseph county. 

Milton Bradley, Esq., Isabella county. 

("apt. Roe, Steamer Michigan. 

Hon. C. A. Stacy, Lenawee county. 

Hon. W. G. Beckwith, Cass county. 

Hon. S. M. Cutcheon, Waslitena-\v county 

J. B. Crippen, Esq., Branch county. 

Hon. James Ainiitage, Monroe county. 

Hon. N. G. Isbell, Wayne county. 

Hon. James B. Walker, Grand Traverse Co. 

Hon. M. E. Crofoot, Oakland county. 

Hon. Jas. A. Sweezy, Barry county. 

J. E. Fisher, Esq., Leelanaw county. 

Hon. Delos Filer, Manistee county. 

Hon. Perry Hannah. Grand Traverse Co. 

Hon. P. P. Barbeau, Chippewa county. 

Hon. Towiiscnd North, Tuscola county 

Hon. Edwin H. Lothrop, St. Josejih Co. 

J. S. Farraiid, Esq., Detroit. 

Hon. V. P. Collier, Calhoun county. 

Jesse Crowell, Esq., Calhoun county. 

Hon. Charles Mears, Mason county. 



113 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 



M. Kramer, Esq., Detroit. 

Theodore Ronievn, Esq., Detroit. 

C. I. Walker, Esq., Detroit. 

Gen. W. A. Tlnoop, Detroit. 

Hon. G. V. N. Lotlirop, Detroit. 

Hon. Wilson Green, Oceana county. 

T. W. Flanders, Ontonagon county. 

John Moore, Esq., Saginaw county. 

Hon. G. W. Pack, Huron couiity. 

Hon. Luther Smith, Gratiot county. 

T. C. Owen, Esq., St. Clair county. 

Hon. J. K. Boies, Lewawee county. 

Hon. Hugh McCurdy, Shiawassee county. 



John Larken, Esq., Midland county. 
John L. Woods. Esq., Sanilac county. 
Major Gen. Pierce, Kent county. 
S. W. Hill, Esq., Keweenaw county. 
E. S. Ingalls, Esq., Menomineje county » 
John Roost, Esq., Ottawa county. 
Hon. H. A. Shaw, Eaton county. 
Hon. George Luther, Ottawa county. 
Neil Gray, Esq., Macomb county. 
Col. J. E. White, Lapeer county. 
Hon. P. Hayden, Van Buren county, 
Charles Kipp, Esq., Clinton county. 
S. M. Seely, Branch county. 



From this body the committee designated as the officers of the associatiotf 
Hon. B. F. H. Witherell, president; Gen. H. A. Morrow, vice president; J 
\V. Tillman, E^q., treasurer; Hon. John Owen, auditor; T. W. Palmer, Esq.;, 
i-ecretary; and J. W. Konieyn, Esq., associate secretary. 

The committee also named as the executive committee Hon. C. C. Trow- 
bridge, Hon. John Owen, Hon. H. P. Baldwin, Hon. N. H. Walker, J. F. 
Conover, Esq., and C. I. Walker, Esq., all of Detroit; ex-Governor Blair, oi 
Jackson; Hon. E. H. Thomson, of Flint; and Hon. S. M. Cutcheon, of Ypsi- 
lanti, with tiie president, treasurer, and secretary ex officio. 

A meeting was also held on June 26th, 1867, with Judge Witherell in the 
chair, when a report was submitted by Mr. Trowbridge, which he had been 
selected to prepare, relative to the merits of the numerous designs which had 
been presented by the different competing artists. 

Next morning the death of Judge Witherell occurred, and the association 
was called upon to deplore the sudden and unexpected loss of its founder, a 
gentleman peculiarly interested in its patriotic work, and who had spent nearly 
I he last hour of his life in planning and advising as to its future labor. 

Kext day. June 28th, the board of directors examined the various designs,, 
plans, and estimates, together with their relative merits, which were fully and 
fairly discussed. Coming together in the afternoon of that day, it was detei- 
mined to make the choice by ballot, when it was found that the design sub- 
mitted by Randolph Rogers, the eminent American sculptor, for some years :i 
resident of Ann Arbor, had a decided preference. 

Mr. Rogers presented in detail his estimate for the work, specifying the cosi- 
of each part separately, when, after lengthy consultation and full expression 
of views, the board considered favorably the estimate, and he was awarded the 
contract. 

On July 4th, 1867, the corner-stone was laid in Detroit, by Grand Master S. 
0. (Joffinbury, of the Masonic fraternity, ni presence of the Grand Oouimand 
eries and Grand Lodge of that order, the Grand Lodge of the order of Oild 
Fellows, and a great many lodges of both orders, together with several lodges 
of Good Ten)[)lars, the United States troops from Forts Wayne and Gratiot, 
with the State troops of the city, and an immense gathering of people from 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 113 

all parts of the State> really presenting an occasion seldom witnessed, while 
Governor Blair's eloquent and appropriate oration was received with much 
favor and increased largely the great interest manifested in the affair. 

In 1868 the association was incorporated by the Legislature, and its affairs 
are now managed by a board of trustees composed of John Owen, H. P. Bald- 
win, Tlieoeore Eomeyn, William A. Butler, H. N. Walker, R. A. Alger, Thos. 
VV. Palmer, C. H. Buhl, David Preston, 0. C. Trowbridge, and G. V. K. 
Lothrop, of Detroit; J. F. Conover, of Kalamazoo, Austin Blair, of Jackson, 
and S. M. Cutcheon, of Ypsilanti. 

The officers of the association at present are C. C. Trowbridge, President ; 
John Owen, Vice President; William A. Butler, Treasurer; Thomas W. Palmer 
and Jiimes W. Romeyn, Secretaries. 

In the collection of the funds much labor was necessarily required, and in 
February, 1866, the Eev. George Taylor was employed as general soliciting and 
collecting agent, rendering valuable and faithful service. 

In March following, General B. M. Cutcheon, of Manistee, volunteered his 
services in aid of the measure, speaking to the people in its behalf, and giving 
manly energy and successful effort to the cause. 

The structure is now completed as originally designed, and has cost $70,185.91, 
including iron fencing. Its architectural construction is of gray granite, while 
its ornamental decoration is of superior gold bronze, cast at Munich, Bavaria, 
and cost as follows*: Statue of Michigan, $8,000. Four statues Army and 
Navy, $20,000. Four allegorical figures, $10,000. Four medallions, $4,000. 
Four eagles, $2,400. Coat of Arms, United States, $500. Coat of Arms, 
Michigan, $500. 

The monument stands about forty-six feet, crowned by a colossal statue of 
Michigan, ten feet high, a semi-civilized Indian Queen, with a sword in her 
right hand and a shield in her left; the figure in motion as if rushing forward 
in defense of her country. Beneath the plinth in which she stands are Btars 
and wreaths. On the next section in front is the dedication : 

Ekectbd 

BY THE People op Michigan 

IN Honor of the Martyrs who Fell and the Heroes who Fought 

IN defense op 

LiBRRTY AND UnION. 

On the left are the arms of the State ; on the right are the arms of the United 
States. On the projecting butments below are four allegorical figures seated. 
These figures, if standing, would be six and a half feet high, and they represent 
15 



114 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

Victory, Union, Emancipation, and History. On the next section below, stand- 
ing upon projecting butments, are the defenders of Liberty and Union, the 
representations of the army and navy, four statues, seven feet high, soldiers of 
infantry, artillery, and cavalry, with a sailor of the navy. Between these 
statues are bronze tablets, on which are medallion figures of Lincoln, Grant, 
Sherman, and Farragut. On the outer pedestals are four eagles. 

" The whole — it speaks in volumes of the past — 
Of war's dread tempest and the fiery blast; 
Of mail-clad valor, brave the sword to draw, 
To vindicate the right, maintain the law. " 



i 



HARPER HOSPITAL. 



In 1863, Colonel Charles S. Tripler, surgeon U. S. army, and then U. S. 
medical director, stationed at Detroit, represented to the Government the abso- 
lute necessity for the erection of a general hospital at that point for the recep- 
tion and care of sick and wounded Michigan soldiers, and urging immediuie 
action in the matter. 

In the effort Colonel Tripler had the influence and recommendation of the 
Governor and military authorities of the State, and was at the same time ably 
aided in his undertaking by Dr. D. 0. Farrand, then at-sistant surgeon, U. S. 
army, and Colonel George W. Lee, chief quartermaster in Michigan, and 
stationed at Detroit. 

The authority was, after much correspondence and annoying delays, obtained 
under an order from the Secretary of War, and under the superintendence of 
Colonel Lee the work on "Harper Hospital" was commenced early in ISGl, 

It was made up of eleven one-story buildings, with a capacity for eight hun- 
dred patients, and costing about sixty thousand dollars, the use of the grounds 
being given gratis by the "Harper Hospital Association." Much care had 
been observed in regard to ventilation, drainage, and superior water arrange- 
ments. Opening with an exceedingly capable management, it had soon the 
reputation of being one of the most complete, comfortable, and best regulated 
hospitals in the West. 

In usefulness it added largely to the already extensive preparation made by 
the Government for the shelter and care of thousands of Michigan men who, 
by disease or wounds, had been rendered unfit for service in tlie iicld. 

On its completion, Dr. Farrand was placed in chaige, with Drs. W. A. 
Chandler, Wm. C. Catlin, E. W. Jenks, and G. W. Fitzpatrick as assistants. 
Dr. Byron Stanton, a surgeon of volunteers, succeeded Dr. Farrand in the 
spring of 18G5, but he remained but a few weeks, as lie accepted a position in 
an asylum for the insane in Ohio. 

Dr. Farrand again assumed charge, continuing on duty until June or July 
following, when at his own request he was translcrred to take charge of the 
hospital at Fort Wayne, near Detroit, then occupied by U. S. troops. 



116 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

Succeeding Dr. Farrand, Dr. Wynkoop, a surgeon of volunteers from Phila- 
delphia, was placed in charge, remaining until the close of the hospital, in 
December, 1865. 

The buildings were soon after given by the Government to the trustees of the 
"Harper Hospital," a corporate body, this association having in contemplation 
the establishment of a hospital for charitable purposes. 

In giving the buildings, the Government made a condition that sufficient 
accommodation should be at all times afforded for a ''Soldiers' Heme" for 
invalid and destitute Michigan soldiers and sailors, and since then it has been 
in part used for that purpose. 

The sick and wounded being very numerous at that time, and a transfer of 
Michigan men from Eastern hospitals being very desirable, to ensure them 
more care and the attention of their friends at home, the erection of this 
hospital WHS accomplished, and while it was accepted by the people of the 
State as a most generous recognition by the Government of her great claims 
for consideration, they will never forget the efforts of those gentlemen to 
secure it, while the soldiers will in all time hold them in most grateful remem- 
1 trance. 



MILITARY MUSEUM. 



In the interior arrangement of tlie new capitol at Lansing the soldier and 
his services were not forgotton, but were most favorably and substantially 
remembered. With almost a profuse liberality, which should be fully appreci- 
ated, a huge and commodious room was set apart, designated as the "Museum." 
This is the deposit of the "Michigan Battle B'lags," properly placed in regi- 
mental order in a magnificent vertical case of large dimensions, novel in con 
struction and of beautiful proportions, reaching almost to the ceiling, erected 
in the center of the apartment, superbly mounted with heavy plate glass, which, 
coupled with the bullet marked and battle worn flags, is the grandest and most 
impressive monument to the soldiers of Michigan. 

In addition, large cases of the same style are placed against the wall, while 
vlegant table cases are distributed in appropriate locations, also finished in 
plated glass, and containing a large and interesting collection of relics of the 
war, including rebel flags, and other contributions from the same source. 

In devoting so elegant and extensive a room to this purpose, much credit is 
due to Governor Baldwin, member of the building commission ex officio, who 
included it in his original schedule of apartments, as well as to the building 
commission. Colonel Ebenezer 0. Grosvenor, Hon. James Shearer, and Hon. 
Alexander Chapaton, and their secretary, Allen L, Bours, Esq., together with 
Hon. John J. Bagley and Hon. Charles M. Croswell, succeeding governors of 
the State and members of the board ex officio, while the matter also received 
much favorable consideration at the hands of the Board of State Auditors, at 
that time composed of Hon. E. G. D. Holden, Secretary of State, Colonel Wm. 
B. McCreery, State Treasurer, and General B, F. Partridge, Commissioner of 
the Land Ollice. Special credit should also be awarded to E. E. Myers, Esq., 
the architect, for the appropriate design and good taste in which the whole 
apartment hns been made up and arranged. 

To the liberality of the State and to these gentlemen who so generously and 
judiciously administered it, the soldiers of the war as well as the people are 
under many obligations, which will undoubtedly be cheerfully recognized by 
them with sincere gratitutfe. 



118 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

Simultaneous with the openiug and dedication of the capitol January 1st, 
1879, the Museum was formally opened to the public, when it was visited with 
much interest by a large concourse of the citizens of the State, then^ congre- 
gated at Lansing. The sight of the "Old Flags" revived in the minds of all 
recollections of past victories and defeats, of friends lost and a country saved. 

High noon we meet! The opening year 
We welcome as an omen clear, 
Of brighter, better days in store. 
When violence is heard no more ; 
When the dear flag, without a stain, 
O'er every State supreme shall reign." 



FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. 



The most monientons period in our State history wag the war of the rebel- 
lion, embiaciug tlie home work, and although it undoubtedly may be looked 
upon as insignificant, when compared with the extent and value of the labor 
accomplished by her troops in the field, and the great sacrifice of life made by 
them, yet it was one of great magnitude. The old proverb that "constant 
dropping wears the stone" did not seem to be applicable, for could the con- 
tinuous drain on the people of Michigan for men and means have worn out 
their patience and discouraged their patriotism, such a result would have been 
surely accomplished. For, aside from the incessant labor of the people in 
raising men to fill their quotas, to save their communities from the odious 
drafts which continually threatened them, involving much perplexing anxiety, 
there were many petty annoyances, great sacrifice of time, together with large 
expenditures of money by State, counties, and townships, and also by indi- 
viduals, which, all combined, rendered the burdens and cares of the people at 
times so heavy as to be almost unbearable; still, the astonishing statements 
made below, covering over fourteen and a half millions of dollars, raised and 
applied by Michigan for war purposes, although couched in silent figures, speak 
most eloquently and earnestly of the great sacrifice and the unbounded patriot- 
ism of her people. 

During the war the State Legislature passed laws authorizing the payment 
of State bounties to soldiers as follows: 

"Men enlisting from March 6th, 1863, to November 10th, 1863 (both 
inclusive), in any Michigan regiment, company, or battery, except the 10th 
and 11th cavalry, 13th and 14th Butteries, and 1st Colored Infantry, entitled 
to $50 State bounty. Men re-enlisting in their own regiments (after service of 
two years j from November 11th, 1863, to February 4th, 1864 (both inclusive), 
entitled to $50 State bounty. Men enlisting or re-enlisting from February 
oih, 1864, to May 14th, 18<i4 (both inclusive), in any regiment, company, or 
battciy, if applied on J^Ou,UUO call, and jjroperly credited to the sub-district in 
which they resided at the time of enlistment, entitled to ^lOO State bounty. 
Men enlisting from February 4th, 1865, to April 14th, 1865 (both inclusive), 
properly credited to sub-districts, entitled to $150 State bounty." 

In accordance with these laws the Quartermaster General of the State paid, 



l5iU MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

iu 1863, $134,250; 1864, $867,959; 1865, 1^383,076; 1866, 1438,500; 1867, 
$11,700; 1868, $18,633; 1S69, $38,850; 1870, $36,400, up to and including 
31st July; amounting in the aggregate to $1,909,408. 

Since then has been paid, from July 31st, 1870, up to and including Sep- 
tember, 1880, $18,450, making $1,937,858 of a total of bounties. 

There was also disbursed $60,000 as premiums for the procuration of 
recruits. 

Aside from these amounts, this department expended for war purposes 
$815,000, making a total of $2,803,858 disbursed by the State. 

The following are the aggregate expenditures and liabilities of the various 
townships, cities, and wards of the counties in the State for war purposes 
made up from statements of the proper officers, rendered in 1866: 

Allegan, $188,898.49; Alpena, $9,781.98; Antrim, $4,G38; Berrien, $257,- 
416.97; Branch, $330,086.65; Barry, $180,641 ; Bay, $61,367; Calhoun, $354,- 
433.33; Clinton, $135,936; Cass, $196,339.80; Chippewa, ; Cheboy- 
gan, $1,535; Delta, $1,300; Eaton, $175,363.58; Emmet, $50; Genesee, 
$150,488.75; Gratiot, $23,537; Grand Traverse, $13,990.54; Hillsdale, $383,- 
449.31; Houghton, $39,152.71; Huron, $17,230; Ionia, 182,888; Ingham 
$203,985; Isabella, $5,775; Iosco, $4,900; Jackson, $439,325.10; Kent 
$167,550.50; Kalamazoo, $383,416.61; Keweenaw, $1,000; Livingston, $144, 
379.22; Lapeer, $139,674.89; Lenawee, $544,557.75; Leelanaw, $4,845.52 
Midland, $12,598; Montcalm, $44,861.20; Muskegon, $43,604; Macomb 
$389,029.69; Mecosta, $3,340; Monroe, $135,180.69; Manistee, $15,476 

Manitou, ; Mackinac, $6,727.50; Mason, $807; Marquette and School 

craft, $3,000; Newaygo, $12,004; Ottawa, $148,533; Oakland, $586,556.98 
Oceana, $14,693.93; St. Clair, $333,391.90; St. Joseph, $&57,958; Saginaw 
$158,099.59; Shiawassee, $167,303; Sanilac, $95,794.39; Tuscola, $67,631.90 
Van Buren, $115,637.90; Wayne, $660,554.88; Washtenaw, $458,563.54 
total, $8,157,748.70. 

Amount expended by each county of the State, from 1861 to 1867, for the 
relief of soldiers' families, under the provisions of the Soldiers' Kelief Law, 
approved May 10th, 1861 : 

Alpena, $8.80; Allegan, $80,985.72; Antrim, $666.11; Bay, $31,991.54; 
Barry, $86,598.15; Berrien, $131,934.45; Branch, $69,131.30; Calhoun, 
$300,193.66; Cass, $80,883.46; Clinton, $67,443.75: Chebovgan, $368.92; 

Chippewa, $1,033; Delta, ; Eaton, $63,103.69: Emiiiet, $1,948.40; 

Genesee, $89,087.12; Gratiot, $8,875; Grand Traverse, $10,636.81; Hillsdale, 
$90,155.96; Houghton, $8,419; Huron, $33,033,50; Ingham, $110,547.09; 
Isabella, $4,680.45; Ionia, $31,500; Iosco, $1,000; Jackson, $139,401.35; 
Kalamazoo, $119,984.79; Kent, $76,311; Keweenaw, $3,620; Lapeer, $75,- 
000; Livingston, $34,500; Lenawee, $145,236.30; Leelanaw, $6,487.89; 

Macomb, $110,339.36; Mecosta, $9,380.09; Mackinaw, ; Midland, 

$6,550; Manitou, ; Mason, $3,200; Manistee, $9,630; Muskegon, 

$3'0,OOO; Marquette, $7,989.16; Menominee, $390; Monroe, $143,762; Mont- 
calm, $40,000; Newaygo, $14,516.72; Ottawa, $56,616.08; Oceana, $18,368; 
Ontonagon, $4,747.02; Oakland, $127,993.38; Sanilac, $73,111.33; Shia- 
wassee, $50,645; Saginaw, $81,000; St. Clair, $89,427.99; St. Joseph, $96,- 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 121 

214; Tuscola, $51,987.22; Van Buren, $99,511.81; Washtenaw, $155,043.15; 
Wayne, $547,^00. Total, $3, 591, '^48. 12. 

Throughout the war, with the exception of a very short time in 1861, when 
Captain E. G. Owen, of Detroit, acted as U. S. Quartermaster, Colonel George 
W. Lee, then of Howell, and a prominent citizen of the State, served as Chief 
Quarternuister in Michigan until the close, filling with eminent energy and 
etliciency that important position, and witli scrupulous fidelity disbursing for 
the Government $7,144,812, as follows: For 33,050 horses, $3,667,252; 
transportation of troops and supplies, $1,363,812; forage, $331,697, together 
with $1,782,051 for equipment of troops, erection of barracks and hospitals, 
apprehension of deserters, and other incidental expenses. 
16 



SANITARY OPERATIONS. 



The American sanitary measures were undoubtedly the most extensive and 
liberal ever undertaken by a people in any war, and accomplished much in 
ameliorating the sufferings incident to a great and prolonged war. 



SOLDIEES' BELIEF ASSOCIATION, WASHINGTON, D. 0. 

The beneficent effort of the American masses was very early entered into by 
Michigan people. The "Michigan Soldiers' Belief Association," of Washing- 
ton, D. C, is claimed to have been the first of the kind put in operation in the 
field on the Atlantic slope and the last to leave it. In the autumn of 1861 it 
commenced its humane work, continuing in successful labor until September, 
1866. It proved a source of great relief to Michigan soldiers serving in the 
Army of the Potomac, scattering liberally among them kindly friendship, fra- 
ternal care, affording them many comforts and necessaries of life when sorely 
needed. 

A few of the warm-hearted citizens of Michigan, friends of the soldier, then 
residents in and around Washington, composed the association, including the 
delegation in Congress. The Hon. James M. Edmunds was president ; Dr. H. 
J. Alvord, secretary, who was succeeded by Mr. C. Clark; and Z. Moses, 
treasurer; all giving their time and services gratuitously, with unsurpassed 
devotion, energy, and efficiency. 

Assessments upon the membership constituted at first the means to sustain 
the measure — not a small burden on the few who so generously made the 
voluntary contribution. They were, however, in a short time relieved by con- 
tributions made by the people of the State, amounting to $24,902.24 in the 
aggregate. 

Immediately following General Grant's great battles, when the sufferings of 
the sick and wounded of the army were at the maximum, the association estab- 
lished, at City Point, the "Michigan Soup House," which affonled so much 
relief and comfort to the soldiers, not only of their own State, but to all, as to 
make the place famous throughout the army. 

In the report of Judge Edmunds are kindly and deservedly mentioned the 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. I'-^S 

faithful and patriotic ladies connected with the association during the several 
yeartf of its great usefulness. Having noble and generous natures, they were 
led to devote themselves so entirely to the welfare of Michigan men in the 
field as to have made their names household words at almost every hearth- 
stone in the State, while the thousands of brave men who were the recipients 
of their kindness and motherly care have written on their hearts names to be 
remembered with reverence and gratitude while life lasts. 

The record of Michigan in the war would be incom})lete were the part taken 
l)y the association in the great sanitary measure not fully detailed, and with 
this in view is inserted the report of Judge Edmunds, covering its entire 
operations : 

"The Michigan Soldiers' Relief Association of the District of Columbia was 
organized in the autumn of IbGl. It was the product of necessity, and was 
composed of the few Michigan men then resident at the National Capital. 
Soon after the first arrival of troops under tlie call for 75,000 volunteers, the 
first Michigan regiment (three months' men) appeared here. It contained 
many who were personally known to the citizens of Michigan then residents of 
Wasliington, and this, with the noble cause in which they were enlisted, soon 
aroused a deep feeling of friendship between the members of the regiment and 
all those hailing from the same State. Tliis friendship was manifested by 
various and numerous acts of kindness and appreciation among them — special 
solicitude for all in the service whose failing health made demands upon this 
fueling for those attentions which were im[)ossible in the then inexperienced 
and unprepared state of the hospital service. 

"For the first few months the efforts made to relieve and comfort those of 
our friends in the service were unorganized, and though throwing great labor 
upon the few engaged, hardly kept pace with the growing demands incident to 
the rapid increase of the army. The battle of Bull Kun, in wliich our friends 
suffered severely, aroused afresh the sympathy of all whose hearts beat honestly 
for the country, and demonstrated the utter inadequacy of the Government 
preparation for any such sudden emergency. It seemed impossible for the 
public authorities at this time to appreciate the necessity of ample preparations 
for the wounded and sick. Their attentions seemed constantly diiected to the 
increase of the army by new enlistments. The importance of providing for its 
health was but slowly admitted, and hardly admitted at all until it became 
evident that the ranks could only be kept up by such provisions. To reach 
this point and this degree of prej)aration required the experience of an entire 
campaign. Tlie consequence was that there was all the time an urgent call, 
we might almost say an imperative demand, for volunteer aid. Such aid was 
cordially given, but yet fell short of what was absolutely essential. It became 
apparent that we could no longer meet the demand upon us by individual and 
unorganized effort. We must have system and assignment of duties. We 
must have contributions far beyond the means of the small number of Michi- 
gan citizens then here. These urgent demands so pressed upon us that tiie 
citizens of Michigan then in the District assembled for consultation, and the 
result was the organization of the Michigan Soldiers' Relief Association, then 
composed of a set of officers and an executive committee. It claimed as its 
members all citizens of the State, residents of the District, and the Michigan 



124 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

delegation in Congress. Tiie association commenced by levying a tax upon its 
members, which was frequently repeated during the first few months of its 
existence, and has been resorted to for emergencies from that time to the 
present. 

"This organization was the first of the kind in the field upon the Atlantic 
slope, and the last to leave it. Its history, so far as it has not been written, 
will be briefly alluded to in the following pages. 

"The association having been thus organized, it was called into full activity 
in May, 1862, after the Army of the Potomac had made a commencement of 
its peninsula campaign. 

"The battle of Williamsburg, in which several of our regiments participated, 
filled the hospitals of Baltimore and Fortress Monroe with wounded men ; and 
from this time forward to the close of the war the whole energies of the asso- 
ciation have been taxed to their utmost limits. 

"By referring to the reports of our operations for 1862, '63, and '64, it will 
be seen that our means were limited; but as the services of the individual 
members of the association have in all cases been gratuitous, and always cheer- 
fully rendered, the money we had was used in such a way as secui-ed the great- 
est amount of relief. 

"In the year 1862, the first, in fact, of our activity, the whole amount of 

money received from all sources was __ $,i,166 13 

Expended _ _ 1,945 84 

In 1863 2,350 39 

Expended 2,(37 61 

In 1864 6,779 71 

Expended 5,488 48 

"This is, of course, exclusive of specific conti'ii)utions of clothing and hos- 
pital stores, always liberally furnished by the soldiers' aid societies tlironghout 
the State, and which we endeavored to apply faithfully to the purposes in- 
tended. 

"In the summer and fall of 1862, after the dreadful closing battles of the 
peninsula, and the disastrous campaign of General Pope, the whole city of 
Washington became a vast hos{)ital. 

"The public buildings, the churches, and many private residences were 
made receptacles of wounded and sick soldiers. 

"Scattered all through these our own brave men lay and languished, and 
many died. But we are assured that the kind ofiices of the members of this 
association assuaged their pains and carried relief to all within their reach; 
and doubtless many owe their recovery to those special attentions impossible to 
be secured from the assistants detailed for the care of sick and wounded men 
in hospital. During tlie fall of 1862 something like system was inaugurated 
by the Medical Dei)aitnient of the Government commensurate with the magni- 
tude of the exigency. Columbia College was made a permanent hospiial. 
Carver, Finley, Mount Pleasant, Emery, and subsequently Douglas, Stanton, 
Campbell, llarcwood, and Lincoln were provided with ample accommodations 
for 20,000 ])atients; and in 1863, with the hospitals in Alexandria, Baltimore, 
Philadelphia, New York, Annapolis, Frederick and other places north, the 
whole operations of the Medical Department assumed something like order, 
efficiency, and pcrmatiency, and it became necessary for us to employ agents 
who could give their whole time to the work. 

" Mrs. Braiuard was early engaged, and perhaps the first among our regular 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 125 

workers — she certainly was the last to leave. Her services were invaluable, 
and have never been fnlly appreciated and acknoxvledged. The services of 
Miss Wheelock, Miss Bateman, Mrs, Mahan, Mrs. Gridley, Mrs. Pliun, Mrs. 
Johnson, Mrs. Hall, the Misses Bull, and others, who have laboi'od in the field 
and hospitals under the auspices of this association, have all I'ichly earned the 
thanks of the people of Michigan, and especially of the thousands of soldiers 
svho received their kind ministrations. Their reports are necessarily excluded 
for want of space. In the summer of 1SG3 tiie battles around Fredericksburg, 
and those of the campaign of General Meade's army in Maryland and Penn- 
sylvania, and tlie crowning carnage at Gettysburg, absorbed our entire energies. 

"Our agents were early at their work, and remained as long as there was 
.suffering to be relieved. 

"Ill 18t3-4 the bloody struggles of the Wilderne.^^s and Spottsylvania, and the 
daily coiillicts during those forty days of Grant's persistent advance to Rich- 
mond, again filled the hospitals around Washington, and gave ample employ- 
ment to our agents and the members of the association, and drew upon our 
means so that we were well nigh exhausted. 

"It is due to ourselves to acknowledge the generous cooperation of the 
Christian and Sanitary Commissions during this summer. To the former we 
have ever been indebted for the most generous consideration and liberality; 
and to the latter for extraordinary kindness in furnishing our agents, Mrs. 
Biainard and Mrs. Mahan, with valuable and much-needed supijiics to the 
amount of more than two thousand dollars in three months, and at a time 
time when our own were exhausted. 

"On the 1st of January, 1SG5, the report of the treasurer shows $1,291. 30 
available funds on hand. This amount was soon after increased by the most 
liberal contributions from several associations and individuals in Michigan, 
and (.specially from the noble-hearted people of the Lake Superior region, till 
our whole receipts for the year 18(35, including the sum on hand, amounted to 
$14,914.24. 

" With the prospect of a campaign of unexampled activity on the south side 
of Richmond by the combined armies of Generals Grant and Butler, and the 
reasonable anticij)ation of a stout and protracted resisteuce on the part of the 
rebels, we early made preparations for meeting promptly the demands that 
would most likely be made upon our association. We established a magazine 
of supplies at City Point, and sent thither an effective force to receive and 
provide for such as should, in the coming struggle, be sent back disabled. 
We also established in Washington a 'Home,' where our men in passing couki 
find shelter for a night without being thrown into the bad associations of the 
city. 

"It had long been felt that such an asylum was needed, and we had been 
prevented from establishing one chiefly from scarcity of means. This objec- 
tion no longer exisied, and the ass(,)ciation rented and furnished a house, with 
Comfortable and cheap furniture, engaged a competent matron, and from 
April 1st to September 1st, 18G5, was able to provide for the wounded and 
sick a comfortable resting place. The whole expenditure in this enterprise, 
as shown by the treasurer's report, was ^2,675.38, diminished by the sum oi 
1507.30 received for furniture, etc., on breaking up the house — making tiie 
whole expense $2,108.08. 

"The sudden and unexpected collapse of the rebellion, and the recall of the 
Army of the Potomac, and the arrival of Sherman's grand columns in Wash- 



136 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

ington, worn and fatigued by the longest and most remarkable march yet 
recorded, imposed new work upon us. 

''Our returned regiments were visited by our agents, and supplied with 
much-needed vegetables, pickles, tobacco, bread, etc., to the "Jimount of 
$4,000. Our force was withdrawn from City Point, and furnished ample 
employment here till the armies were disbanded and sent home. 

"At the 'Home,' during the month of June, all were received who came. 
Colonel Prichard's detail for Jeff. Davis's body guard was lodged and feasted. 
The records, imperfect though they are, have the names of about 8,000 who 
took one or more meals under the roof and at the tables of the 'Home,' faith- 
fully and ably conducted by the matron, Mrs. Van Boskerck, whose executive 
ability, industry, and fidelity cannot be too highly commended. 

"The accounts of the 'Home' show that as many as 725 meals were served 
in a day, and the bread consumed averaged from 300 to 425 loaves a day for 
many days. Above all the labor and care bestowed upon this house, the mat- 
ron had especial care of ten or fifteen patients at Douglas and Stanton hospi- 
tals, near the house, for two months, visiting them daily, and furnishing them 
with delicacies. 

"The Executive Committee desire hereto acknowledge their obligation to 
all the agents who have been employed, for devotion to their duties, and to all 
members of the association for cheerful co-operation in the work in which we 
have been engaged during the bloody struggle now passed. 

"All the services rendered by the association have been entirely gratuitous, 
iind the agents have labored for little more than actual expenses. The motives 
of all. it is believed, were patriotic and humane; and the only reward sought 
or desired was the conscioa.sness of having discharged well the duties imposed 
by the exigency. We have at least endeavored well. 

"To the individuals and associations at home who have so nobly supported 
us with contributions of money and material, and surely not least, with their 
encouraging words of commendation and council, we desire to say, that your 
noble efforts in behalf of the biave and self-sacrificing young men who have 
given their services, suffered toils, hunger, and thirst, encountered dangers, 
disease, and death, for the perpetuation of the Government, in defense of lib- 
erty, and in the cause of hunianity, have no parallel in the annals of the world. 

"If there can be any comj'cnsation in such a war as we have Just emerged 
from, the cliief must be sought in the grand out|)oring of generous humanities 
all over the entire loyal portion of the country, in endeavoring to ameliorate 
the condition of the soldier, and assuage his sufferings. 

" Happily, the war is ended. The grand armies that fought its battles have 
returned to their families and to peaceful puisuits. Too many, alas, have 
found their last resting place far from kindred and from home. They found 
bloody graves in a hostile land. Their memories live in the hearts of a grateful 
people, saved by their devotion and valor. 

"All honor to the dead hero; his wife and children demand our care, and 
must not be forgotten or neglected." 

In Se])tember, 186G, the association discontinued its operations, and among 
its last acts of kind considci'ation for the soldier, transmitted to the trustees of 
Harper hospital, al Detroit, SI, 000, to be by them used in the care and main- 
tenance of such disabled Micliigan soldiers as should, from time to time, be- 
come its inmates. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. ISJ? 

MICHIGAN SOLDIERS' AID SOCIETY. 

There was organized in Detroit, on November 6th, 1861, what wai? designated 
as the ''Michigan Soldiers' Aid Society," being a branch of the "United 
States Sanitary Uommission," and had for its first officers Mrs. Geo. Diiffield, 
president; Mrs. Theodore Ronieyn, vice president; Mrs. D. P. Bushnell, 
treasurer; Miss Sarah T. Bingham, recording secretary ; Miss Valeria (Janip- 
bell, corresponding secretary; and Dr. Zina Pitcher, counsellor. 

It was organized at the close of 1864, with Hoik John Owen, associate mem- 
ber of U. S. Commission, president; Benjamin Veruor, Esq., Judge James 
V. Campbell, and P. E. Demill, Esq., vice presidents, also associate members 
U. S. Commission. Mrs. S. A. Sibley, president; Mrs. H. L. Chipman, Mrs. 
A. Adams, vice presidents; William A. Butler, Esq., treasurer; Mrs. Geo. 
Andrews, assistant treasurer; Mrs. W. A. Butler, auditor; Miss Lizzie Wood- 
hams, recording secretary; and Miss Valeria Campbell, corresponding secre- 
tary. 

Its resources were collections from various sources throughout the State, and 
from November 1st, 1861, to June, 1863, it had sent forward 3,593 packages, 
and during the same time had distributed at home 2,724 packages, most of 
them large, and containing useful articles, their value not being estimated. 

From November 6th, 1861, to June 1st, 1866, $19,633.18, and from June 
1st, 1866, to April 7th, 1868, $8,496.23, being a total of $28,129.41, was 
expended. Of this amount $11,422.36 was expended on account of tiie "Sol- 
diers' Home" at Detroit, and the balance in puichases and other expenses, 
leaving a balance of $187.01 on hand April 7th, 1868. 

Between thirty and forty large packages were received from May to Novem- 
ber, 1861, from various jmrts of the State, by Mis. Morse Stewart and Mrs. 
Geo. Duffield, and sent forward to the field, besides an unrecorded amount 
distributed to regiments in the State. 



MICHIGAN SOLDIERS' RELIEF ASSOCIATION. 

The people of the State continued busy in the noble work in other directions, 
and in addition to the Washington association, organized at Detroit in April, 
1862, the "Micliigan Soldiers' Eelief Association," with the Hon. John Owen 
as president; Benjamin Vernor, Esq., secretary; and William A. Butler, Esq., 
treasurer. This organization was most active and useful, continuing in suc- 
cessful o])eration while the war lasted, accomplishing much good. It directed 
its efforts to collections throughout the State, gathering together from time to 
time large amounts of necessary supplies, and sending them to the front, 
including 331 boxes, 203 barrels, containing almost every conceivable comfort 
for the use of the soldier, sick or well; in fact, everything thought useful and 
needful, among which were socks, shirts, drawers, handkerchiefs, dried and 



128 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

canned fruits, pickles of all kinds, spices, jellies, and wines; also, newspapers^ 
books, needles, pins, and thread, togethei with sheets, quilts, pillow-cases, bed 
sacks, lint, pads, etc., with innumerable other useful articles. 

In 1864 it received by contributions and expended $3,600, as stated in Mr. 
Vernor's report, for the relief of destitute soldiers, in sums of fiom one to ten 
dollars, as their necessities required. Also, in defraying the expenses of send- 
ing agents to look after the wants of soldiers at various points, providing re- 
freshments and meals for returned veterans on their ariival, in paying lent for 
"Soldiers' Home" in Detroit, in burying the dead, and iu such other ways a& 
the association deemed advisable. 



CHRISTIAN COMMISSION. 

" In the beauty of the lilies, Christ was born across the sea, 
With a glory in his bosom that transfigures you and me; 
As he died to make men holy, let ws die to make men free." 

The "Ohiistiaii Comniissinn" was a powerful auxiliaiy in sanitary operations,, 
possessing immense strength, energy, and courage. It was most successful as 
a sanitary organization, uniting theiewith the religious instruction and admo- 
nition of good men to the living when opportunity offered, while kindly conso 
lation was afl'orded in their last moments to those who were passing away. 

The following report of the Michigan branch for 1864 finds a proper place at 
this time : 

To John Rohertfion, Adjutant General State of Michigan: 

In accordance with your request, the Michigan bianch of the U. S. Christian 
Commission beg leave to report the nature and extent of its work in behalf of 
the armies of the Union for the past year. 

Tbe Commission in this State was first organized on the 16th of June, A. 1).. 
1863, but has practically been in operation but a single year. It had no part 
in the great work of the Christian Commission at Gettysburg in July, 1863, 
except that some of our citizens were commissioned at Piiiladelphia, and acted 
as delegates on that field. Its first funds of any laige amount were received 
from the thanksgiving collections of last year, which were nearly all poured 
into our treasury. Since that time the operations of this branch have been 
steadily enlarging, its resources increasing, and its plan and system of working 
gaining the favor and approbation of the people. 

The plan of the commission is to minister both to the mental and spiritual, 
as well as the bodily wants of the army. It sends the living preacher, the 
Bible, and the religious newspapers of all denominations, and all the time it is 
ministering to tbe temporal wants of the soldier, and working for the sick^ 
wounded and dying. It searches for the wounded amid tbe thickets of the bat- 
tle field, and never leaves him till he is discharged from hosj>ital, or a prayer 
consigns liim to a soldier's grave. 

All the delegates of the commission are ministers and laymen, selected for 
their fitness for the work, who labor each six weeks without any compensation^ 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 



129 



except the consciousness of doiufr good. All that is given to the commission is 
dispensed personally by these delegates, and placed by the.r own hands m the 
hands of the soldier— not handed over to bo dispensed by otticials of the Gov- 
ernment, or salaried agents of the commission. 

This branch of the commission has received from tlie people down to this 
time $21,':2o.W, most of which has been forwarded to the central otfice at 
Philadelphia. Stores have been contributed and forwarded to the armies from 
Michif^an amounting in value to about $10,000. 

Michigan furnished to us the following delegates, fifty-seven m number, 
nearly atl of whom have spent their full term of six weeks in the work of the 
Gom mission : 

William Harvey, Detroit, Army of the Cumberland. 

Bev. Seth Eeed, Ypsilanti, Army of the Cumberland. 

Kev. J. M. Strong, Clarkston, Army of the Potomac. 

Kev. James Walker, Eckford, Army of the Mississippi. 

Rev. L. Slater, Kalamazoo, Army of the Cumberland. 

James E. Carson, Centreville, Army of the Cumberland. 

Rev. E. H. Pilcher, Ann Arbor, Army of the Cumberland. 

Rev. B. Franklin, Saline, Army of the Cumberland. 

Rev. A. F. Bournes, Dexter, Army of the Mississippi. 

Rev. F. R. Gallaher, Hillsdale, Army of the Cumberland. 

Rev. W. P. Wastell, Holly, Army of the Potomac. 

Prof. A. TenBrook, Ann Arbor, Army of the Mississippi. 

Rev. George H. Hickox, Saline, Army of the Cutaberland. 

Rev. D. H. Evans, Palmyra, Army of the Cumberland. 

Rev. J. J. Gridley, Pinckney, Army of the Mississippi. 

Prof. Joseph Estabrook, Ypsilanti, Army of the Potomac. 

Alanson Sheley, Detroit, Army of the Potomac. 

Rev. 0. C. Thompson, Detroit, Army of the Potomac. 

Rev. William Hogarth, D. D., Detroit, Army of the Potomac. 

E. C. Walker, Detroit, Army of the Potomac. 

Rev. George DutReld, Jr., Adrian, Army of the Potomac. 
Samuel W. Duffield, Adrian, Army of the Potomac. 
Samuel E. Hart, Adrian, Army of the Potomac. 
W. F. King, Adrian, Army of the Potomac. 
A. S. Berry, Adrian, Army of the Potomac. 
Rev. Daniel E. Brown, Flint, Army of the Cumberland. 
Prof. J. C. Plumb, Ypsilanti, Army of the Potomac. 
William Patterson, Ypsilanti, Army of the Potomac. 
Robert H. Tripp, Hillsdale, Army of the Cumberland. 
Rev. H. N. Bissell, Mt. Clemens, Army of the Cumberland. 

F. S. Walker, Bass Lake, Army of the Cumberland. 
Rev. S. E. Wishard, Tecumseh, Army of the Potomac. 
Kev. J. W. Allen, Franklin, Army of the Potomac. 

Kev. K. R. Salter, D. D., LaSalle, Army of the Mississippi. 
Kev. James F. Taylor, Chelsea, Army of the Cumberland. 
C K. Adams, Ann Arbor, Army of the Potomac. 
0. C. Thom[)Son, Jr., Detroit. Army of the Potomac. 
Rev. John Pierson, Milford, Army of the Potomac. 
Rev. J. R. Cordon, Oak Grove, Army of the Potomac. 
Rev. Robert H. Conklin, Detroit, Army of the Potomac. 
17 



130 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

George Andrews, Detroit, Army of the Potomac. 

Rev. S. L. Ramsdell, Northville, Army of the Potomac. 

Eev. James S. Sutton, Brighton, Army of the Potomac. 

Eev. William Harrington, North Adams, Army of the Potomac. 

H. B. Denham, Dowagiac, Army of the Potomac. ** 

0. F. Shannon, Fairwater, Wisconsin, Army of the Potomac. 

J. P. Garvin, M. D., Kendallville, Indiana, Army of the Potomac. 

Rev. 0. H. Spoor, Vermontville, Army of the Potomac. 

Daniel W. Church, Vermontville, Army of the Potomac. 

Rev. E. H. Day, Otsego, Army of the Mississippi. 

Rev. Thomas Lowrie, Stratford, C. W., Army of the Potomac. 

Rev. E. J. Howes, Sylvanus, Army of the Mississippi. 

Rev. J. A. Ranney, Sturgis, Army of the Cumberland. 

Prof. 0. M. Currier, Olivet, Army of the Cumberland. 

Prof. H. E. Whipple, Hillsdale, Army of the Potomac. 

Rev. Mr. Taylor, Tecumseh, Army of the Potomac. 

All of which is respectfully submitted. 

E. C. WALKER, Chairman. 

CHARLES F. CLARK, Secretary. 

HENRY P. BALDWIN, Treasurer. 

DAVID PRESTON, 

CALEB IVES, 

FRANCIS RAYMOND, 

J. S. VENNOR, 
Army Com. of the U. S. Christian Cojn. for Michigan. 

In addition to the above, William Kedzie and Geo. H. Kedzie, of Deerfield, 
and the Rev. Adam S. Kedzie, of Somerset, were engaged in the same service, 
principally in the vicinity of Martinsburg and Winchester, and also in Wash- 
ington. 

LADIES' SOLDIEES' AID SOCIETY OF KALAMAZOO. 

In 1864, those associations were most opportunely assisted by the ** Ladies' 
Soldiers' Aid Society of Kalamazoo," by way of a "State Sanitary Fair" at 
Kalamazoo, in September of that year. It was managed with much good 
judgment and energy, ending in complete success, netting $9,618.78 over all 
expenses. The following report of the Executive Committee, made to the 
Adjutant General of the State, covers in detail the origin and proceedings of 
the society in connection with the enterprise : 
Joh7i Rohcrtson, Adjutant General IState of Michigan: 

Sir: Herewith the undersigned submit a report, embracing an account of 
receipts and disbursements of the "Michigan State Sanitary Fair," held at 
the village of Kalamazoo, on the "State Agricultural Fair Ground," on the 
30th, 21st, 22d, and 23d days of September, A. D. 1864. The following cor- 
respondence exhibits the origin of the "Fair" : 

To Mrs. John Potter and Aliss Eliza Finher, of the Ladies' Soldiers' Aid Society, of 
Kalamazoo, Michigan : 
The undersigned, citizens of Kalamazoo county, knowing tliat you have been active 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 131 

and have accomplished much, ever since the rebellion commenced, in every good v?ork for 
the relief of the sick and wounded Union soldiers, would most respectfully suggest that 
thousands of the patriotic and generous people of Michigan will be glad, in connection 
with the annual fair of the Michigan State Agiicultural Society, to be held on the 20th, 
■21st, 22d, and 23d days of September, at Kalamazoo, to contribute of their abundance, in 
money and articles, for the purpose of aiding the wounded and sick of that army which 
fought in defense of our National flag and the Union, against the traitorous designs of 
thoi^o who hate liberty and love despotism. We would suggest that a fair be held on the 
grounds to be oceupiod by the Agricultural Society, for the purpose above mentioned, and 
we earnestly solicit that you, calling to your aid suitable persons, may devise such plan 
for the consummation of the foregoing purpose as mav be deemed proper. 

Signed:— H. G. Wells, Joseph Sill, Allen Potter, 'John Baker, Daniel Cahill, J. M. 
Edwards, J. P. Woodbury, N. A. Balch, J. W. Breese, L. H. Trask. George Lewis, Henry 
Montague, F. W. Curtenius. 0, N. Giddings, David S. Walbridge, Marsh Giddings, J. Jl. 
Neasmith, B. M. Austin, George A. Fitch, J. W. Mansur, Henry Hoyt, Hiram Arnold, 
Henry Bishop, Henry Dreese, Samuel W. Walker, J. J. Perrin, Isaiah W. Pursel, Frank 
Henderson. J. A. B. Stone, James A. Walter, G. H. Gale, Henry Wood, David Fisher, A. 
Cameron, S. S. Cobb, J. W. Lay, William A. Wood, John C. Basset, Tiowbridge & Basset, 
-John M'Kibben, Charles Bell. Alfred 1 homas, George Colt, W. B. Clark, F. Chase, M. B. 
MiUer, E. A. Carder. G. D. Penfield, J. K. Wagner, E. 0. Humphrey, Charles S. May, 
C. D. Hanscomb, Thomas BrowDfll, James '1 uruer, WiUiani A. Hurst, A. C. Wortley, 
Thomas Browning, S. K. Selkrig, A. H. Geisse, James P. Claphani, Pickering & Worm- 
ley, Austin Geurge, A. D. Robinson, W. H. Snow, Z. S. Clark, F. U. Clark, 1\ L. Haines, 
B.'. S. Parker & Co., John Bennett, I. C. Bennett, A. E. Bartlett, Frank Little, D. Put- 
nam, C. S. Cobb, R. S. Babcock, C. W. Hall, H. F. Cook, P. C. Davis, H. C. Briggs. 

Kalamazoo, August 23d, 1864. 

To THE People of the State of Michigan: The undersigned, of the 
"Soldiers' Aid Society," of Kalamazoo, pursuant to the foregoing request, 
After having obtained the kind aid of many ladies and gentlemen of this county, 
and other ])arts of the State, have made arrangements for holding a "Michi- 
gan State Sanitary Fair," at Kalamazoo, on the :^Oth, '-ilst, 2'id, and )i'di\ of 
Sei)tember, A. D., 1804, at which we hope to avail ourselves of patriotic ad- 
dresses from his Excellency, Austin Blair, and other distinguished [)ersons. 

It is proposed to devote the entire proceeds of this "Sanitary Fair," to the 
sick and wounded soldiers, who have gone forth in defense of that flag which 
is the symbol of Union, and whose brave hearts nerve them to meet suUering 
and death rather than permit one star to be stricken from its azure tield. 

One-third of the proceeds of this fair will be distributed through the " Mich- 
igau Soldiers' Eelief Committee," at Detroit, consisting of C. H. 13uhl, 13. 
Vernor, Adjutant General John Koberison, W. A. Butler, and Anthony Dud- 
geon; one-tliird thiough the "United States Christian Commission," to bedis- 
tributed by David Preston, E. C. Walker, Caleb Ives, Francis Raymond, J. S. 
Vernor, and Charles F. Clark of Detioit, and one-third through the "Ladies' 
Soldiers' Aid Society," at Kalamazoo. 

We ask the people of Michigan, men and women, old and young, to bring or 
fiend to us money, or such articles of value as can be spared, for this, a great 
national purpose. 

May we not, especially, appeal to the young men who still remain at home, 
and who are preserved from the accidents of the battle field, the long siiirernig 
and the weary night watches of the hospital? If home duties and family ties, 
or imi)aired health compel you to resist the inclination to aid your country in 
this its hour of peril, by active service in the tield, we implore you to give of 
your means, that health may possibly be restored, and comfort administered to 
the sick and wounded soldiers. 

Of the women of Michigan we ask efldcieut, active aid m this our effort to 
accomplish a great good; to them, we believe, we shall not ai)peal in vain. 



133 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

God's own blessins;, we trust, will rest on all men, women, and little children 
of Michigan who may be thus inclined to strengthen the hearts and hands, and 
encourage the valor and patriotism of the fathers and husbands, and brothers 
and sons, who have manfully resisted the overthrow of that government which 
good men of the olden time established, and which we humbly pray a rigliteous- 
God may ever preserve. 

RUTH L. POTTER, 
ELIZA W. FISHER, 
Of the Ladies' Soldiers' Aid Society, Kaiamazoo.. 

It will be noticed that a very brief period elapsed between the time that the 
idea of holding the "Fair" was fiist entertained and its occurrence, but the 
foregoing address was as widely circulated among the people of Michigan as 
circumstances would permit. The ladies of Kalamazoo county relied mainlj 
upon the various Soldiers' Aid Societies of the State for active co-operation, 
and in view of all the surroundings they were not disappointed. The general 
outline for the "Fair" having been arranged, the work of preparation com- 
menced. Buildings were to be erected, a hall in which articles were to be 
exhibited and sold to the assembled thousands, and an extensive dining-room 
for visitors, were to be built; and, considering the fact that the lumber was to 
be brought by teams a distance of 2S miles, the circumstances seemed to be 
embarrassing. The ladies had determined that all obstacles should be over- 
come, and their efforts were crowned with success. 

Contributions in money, merchandise, produce, animals, implements, and 
works of art, were furnished with a good degree of liberality from various por- 
tions of this State, and in a few instances from beyond the limits of Micliigan. 
Words of encouragement, with gifts of money or articles for sale, came alike 
from the rich and the poor. In not a few instances the widowed mother,^ 
whose only son had gone down in the storm of battle in the Army of the 
Potomac, or the Army of the West, sent forward her humble contribution, 
with an invocation that God would bless the soldier who stood ready to yield 
his life in defense of tliat Govenment which had given him protection from 
infancy to manhood. A little ciiild from an adjoining county, in humble cir- 
cumstance.-', furnished her gift, in value the fraction of a dollar, with the sim- 
ple but earnest request that she might be permitted to give something; she 
wished to do more, but they were poor ; her mother was ill, and her father and 
only brother were soldiers in the war. This gift, in fact the most liberal of 
all, was sold and returned by purchasers again and again, until the amount 
realized was a handsome addition to the general fund. 

On Thursday, the 2!^d day of September, the '"Fair" was duly inaugurated 
under the direction of the Hon. James B. Orippon, of Coldwater, Micliigan, 
who, after appropriate religious services, in a brief address congratulated the 
assembled thousands upon the liberality wliich had been evidenced througliout 
the loyal States in caring for the men of the Union army, and in terms of merited 
CDmplinient extended to the ladies of the State of Michigan commendation for 
their zeal and active effort in behalf of the sick and wounded soldier. His 
Excellency Austin Blair was then introduced, and in an address able, patriotic, 
eloquent, and replete with interesting incidents of the war, lie held the close 
attention of his audience for an hour. Alter singing, of rare excellence, by 
the "Musical Association of Kalamazoo," the vast crowd was dismissed, every 
man and woman seemingly congratulating themselves that the public exercises 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 133 

had been to them of great interest, and worthy of the cause for which the 
'•Sanitary Fair" had been planned and arranged. 

No objects in the "Fair" seemed to excite so much of interest and fix the 
attention of tlie thousands who visited the " Sanitary Hall" as the torn and 
battle-scarred banners which had been borne by the regiments of Michigan 
during the war, and whicii had been kindly furnished from the Adjutant Gen- 
eral's office. As tlie multitude gazed on these silent emblems of the brave 
•deeds of the men of Michigan, again and again was heaid from motlier and 
father the exclamation, as the flag of some particular regiment was noted, 
'• My son fought under that banner!" and not unfrequentiy the sad, accom- 
panying remark, ''he fell in battle," or "died in hospital." 

"The Liidies' Soldiers' Aid Society, of Kalamazoo," desire to express their 
heartfelt tlianks to all who generously contributed to this "Michigan State 
Sanitary Fair," for the beneht of the sick, wounded, and disabled soldier. 
To the delegations of ladies and gentlemen from Wayne, St. Clair, Macoinl), 
Lapeer, lienawee, Hillsdale, Calhoun, Jackson, St. Joseph, Vanliuien, Cass, 
and Allegan counties, who attended during the "Fair," and kindly contrib- 
uted by active efforts to its success, they specially desire to express their great 
obligation. 

It will be perceived by the accompanying account that the net proceeds of 
the "Fair," already distributed, amount to 89,300, leaving witli the trensurer 
a. small balance to cover any possible outstanding liability, or for futuie distri- 
bution : 

Credit. 

By amount received, admission tickets, for Sanitaiy Hall $1,213 15 

By amount received at Presidential ballot-box . ■ii'A 25 

By donations in money and sales of articles contributed ll.O'JT 40 

Total $12,764 80 

Debit. 

To amount paid Kellogg <& Co., for lumber for buildings $1,243 91 

To labor, printing, and sundry expenses 502 11 

To Kalamazoo Horse Association for rent of ground 276 50 

To supplies for dining tables 1,123 50 

To " Kalamazoo Ladies' Soldiers' Aid Society" 2,1)00 00 

To " United States Christian Commission, " I)etroit 2,900 00 

To " Michigan Soldiers' lielief Committee," Detroit 2,900 00 

To "Michigan Soldiers' Belief Association," Washington city, per Hon. J. M. 

Edmunds 600 00 

To cash, balance on hand 318 78 

ToUil $12,764 80 

H. G. WELLS, 
S. W. WALKER, 
JOHN POTTER, 
Executive Com. Michigan Utale Saiiitaiy Fair. 
Kalamazoo, November 10th, 1864. 

Although the associations referred to were the principal sot;rces of relief, yet 
much was accomplished by piivate individuals, as there were large amounts of 
money and supplies collected and sent to the front by private agents and min- 
isters of the gospel, while many who visited the army and hospitals from time 
to time on errands of kindness, mercy, and benevolence, largely contributed 
toward the great cause which was so bountifully sustained without a parallel 
•in the histories of ])ast wars. 



134 MICHIGAN IX THE WAK. 

It may be possible tbat tbe many quiet and unseen efforts of those noble and 
kind-liearted people, made with so much labor and sacriflce, were not fully 
appreciated at the time by those outside the in)mediate recipients, but such 
have their reward, for their humane acts are recorded by Him who rewards 
openly the charity and kindly offerings to the needy which are given even in 
secret. 

Prominent among the laborers in the work was Chaplain Samuel Day, Sth 
Illinois Infantry, military agent for United States sanitary supplies, a citizen 
of Michigan, a most eOicieut and industrious worker in the field, who collected 
in this State in 1863, and forwarded to Chicago for distribution in tlie Western 
army, nearly six thousand barrels of vegetables of various kinds, together with 
over three thousand dollars in money. 

Mrs. Laura S. Haviland, an old lady of Adrian, well known throughout the 
State by her long and continuous efforts in behalf of suffering humanity, and 
so specially active and successful during the war, in administering to the neces- 
sities of soldiers and freedmen, deserves a page in the history of Miciiigan 
troops. 

Early in 1863 she received from Governor Blair a letter of appointment as a 
sanitary agent, and soon left the State with supplies for Michigan soldiers and 
freedmen, laboring about three months in the vicinity of Columbus, Kentucky, 
Island No. 10, Missouri, and Memphis, Tennessee. 

From there ill health comi)elled her to return to Michigan, where she com- 
menced collecting supplies, and continued until October, 1864. She then left 
for Vicksburg, Mississippi, where she distributed supplies in hospitals, prisons, 
and to freedmen. She also reached Baton Eouge, Louisiana, and Ship Island, 
where about 3,000 Union military piisoners were in confinement, under sentence 
for various offenses, distributing tracts and books, and on her arrival at New 
Orleans had sanitary stores forwarded to them, and on her return to the State 
had additional supplies sent. 

Soon after, she started for the southwest, making distributions at Fort 
Leavenworth, Quindaro, Wyandotte, Kansas City, Lawrence, and Fort Scott, 
expending some $7,000 in supplies, and disbursing nearly SI, 700 in money. 
She was greatly aided in these operations by Major General Curtis and other 
military officers, who extended kindness and assistance. 

About June 1st, 1865, she returned to the State in ill health, remaining 
about two months, when $600 more was raised, and with it she went to Wash- 
ington. There she procured an order allowing her to purchase military clotiiing 
at auction prices, for distribution among the most destitute freedmen on the 
southern frontier of Virginia. 

On her application through Congressman F. C. Beaman and Senator B. F. 
Wade, she procured an order of Secretary Stanton for the release of 300 mili- 
tary prisoners in confijiement at Ship Island and Dry Tortugas. 



NATIONAL CEMETERIES. 



The National cemeteries, where rest the heroic dead, have always had the 
required aid from MiciiigtiH. The State has never failed to make ready and 
substantial response to all calls made for means to improve and beautify these 
silent cities of the dead. 

By an act of the Legislature, approved February 3d, 1864, the sum of $3,500 
of the war fund was appropriated "for the purpose of paying the proportion 
of this State of the estimated expense of preparing the ground, furnishing the 
Soldiers' National Cemetery, at Gettysburg, in the State of Pennsylvania, 
and of making improvements upon that portion thereof which is set apart to 
this State," which sum the Governor was authorized to disburse for said pur- 
poses. 

For the management of this appropriation the Governor was vested with 
authority to appoint a commissioner, who should take charge of and represent 
the interest of the State in this matter. In accordance with this provision, the 
Hon. T. W. Ferry, of the United States Senate, was appointed. 

In 1865, by an act of the Legislature,, approved March 8th, an additional 
sum of $2,500 of the war fund was appropriated, being the proportion of this 
State, in completing and keeping it in repair. 

From the report of Commissioner Ferry: 
To His Excellency, Henry H. Orapo, Governor of the State of Michujan: 

The act incorporating the "Soldiers' National Cemetery," at Gettysburg, 
Pa., required the classification, by lot, of the commissioners of the several 
States, incorporated into three claijses, whose terms of office respectively should 
be one, two, and three years. Michigan drew the longest term, which expires 
on the 1st «!ay of January, A. D. 1867. I have, therefore, the honor herewith 
of submitting my terminating report: 

The work in progress, indicated in my last report has been completed. 

The seventeen acres dedicated to the cemetery have been inclosed upon the 
north, west, and south sides by a substantial granite wall, two feet thick at its 
base, and tapering outwardly to 19 inches at the top, with an average height 
of 4 feet 4 inches, which, with a surmounting coping of dressed granite 8 
inches in thickness by 23 in width, pointed, cemented, and clamped together 
by iron clan)ps, gives an extreme height of 5 feet. The division fence, 
separating the National from "Evergreen Cemetery," is of wrought iron 



136 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

rails, supported by cast iron posts, securely imbedded. A substantial and 
ornamental iron fence, with ample gate-ways, fronts and completes the^enclos- 
ure. Its pillars bear the names of all the participating States, with the 
National emblem conspicuously displayed. Immediately at the right of the 
entrance stands the gate-house, or keeper's lodge, built of stone, but in my 
judgment, inadequate to the purpose. I am happy to add, however, that at our 
recent annual meeting, such modification was directed as will secure a much 
better adaptation. 

Re-interment has been finished. All the graves are uniformly graded. The 
granite head-stones of equal dimensions — nine inches above ground, with an 
upper surface width of ten inches, upon which the name and rank of each of 
the dead, neatly cut and colored to be readily read, form continuous semi-cir- 
cular lines of granite blocks, broken only by the division walks separating the 
respective State lots. Additional to this, each State lot has at its front center 
a conspicuous slab bearing the State inscription. The lots holding the "un- 
known" dead are maiked by corner stones and tablets, upon which are noted 
the number buried. It will be remembered that the burial ground is arranged 
in semi-circular form, in the center of which is to stand the monument, with 
all the State-dividing walks converging to the monumental center. The main 
encompassing avenue of the cemetery has been macadamized to a depth of ten 
inches, and the foot walks suitably graveled. The surface of the graves and 
unoccupied grounds are well seeded down, and the growth of grass is to be kept 
by frequent clippings, of short, uniform height. 

Decorative trees and shrubbery have been planted in isolated and clustered 
disposition, while interspersing lawns, enhancing in their quiet beauty, by 
spreading and extending growth of trees, will contribute solemnity to the gen- 
eral harmony of landscape effect. 

The cemetery contains 3,559 bodies, of which 979 are in the "unknown" 
lots, and 3,580 identified are lying in the State lots. Numerically, Michigan 
stands third in the number slain; and proportionably to population she raiilvs 
first in this sacrifice to be made memorable forever by a Nation's gratitude. 

The work contemplated is substantially completed, the monument being 
under contract. Its foundation is already deeply and firmly laid. The corner 
stone, with imposing military and civic ceremonies, was formally laid on the 
National anniversary, July 4th, 1865. It was most gratifying to witness Mich- 
igan's interest in this solemn trust, by the personal participation upon that 
eventful day, of his Excellency, Governor Henry H. Crapo, aided by his Adju- 
tant General, John Kobertson, and special Marshal, Captain A. X. Gary. 
Invitations had been extended, through the commissioners, to the several 
States to prepare and deposit in the corner stone, such emblematic relics 
as they might elect. Michigan, it gives me great pleasure to say, was unparal- 
leled in her response. In truth, several of the States, fairly outdone by her, 
solicited the privilege of adding to what seemed comparatively their meagre 
contribution. 

Our State fairly owes an acknowledgement to your efficient Adjutant General 
foi' a large share of merit in the preparation of her creditable dei^osit. Very 
fitly may the following initial list of tiie articles thus deposited be a})pended, 
for the inspection of the citizens of a State noted lor her lively interest in all 
the hallowed places and associations of the Nation's noble dead: 

Silver medallion, with State coat of arms on one side, and on the Other the 
number of soldiers furnished by Michigan for the war (91,193), with this 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. ' 137 

ineoription : ''In honor of tlie 90,048 Michigan soldiers who aided in perpetu- 
ating American Liberty, 18G1-18H5." 

The names, on parchment, of the Michigan oflficers and soldiers killed at 
GeKysburg, prepared by Hon, Thomas W Ferry, Commissioner for the State 
in the Board of Managers of tlie Gettysburg National Cemetery. 

List, on parchment, of Michigan regiments, companies, and batteries sent 
to the tiflii during tlie war, 

Ailjutant General's report, as far as published, 1861, 1862, 1863, full bound 
in leather, 2 vols, 

T\To commissions, such as have been issued by the State for cominissioned 
officers, 

Michigan resolutions on the state of the Union, February 2d, 1861. 

Proclamation of Governor Blair, April 16th, ISGl, 

First call for troops. 

Governor Blair's message at extra session. May, 1861, 

An act to pi'ovide a military force, approved May lOrh, 1861, 

Governor Blair's message at extra session, Jannarv 2d, ISQZ. 

Governor's Blair's message at regular session, January 7th, 1863. 

Governor Blair's message at extra session, January 19th, 1864. 

Governor Blair's message at legular session, January 4th, 1865. 

Governor Crapo's message at regular session, January 4th, 1865. 

Michigan resolutions on the state of the Union, March 18th, 1SG5. 

Proclamation of Governor Crapo, June 14th, 1865, welcoming the returning 
ti'oops — above documents bound in one volume. 

"Legislative Manual of Michigan." Contents as follows: Calendar, 
1865-6-7. Constitution of the United States. Constitution of the State of 
Michiiran, Counties, cities, and townships in Michigan, with census of 1845- 
50-54-60-64, 

Kepiesentative Districts of ilichigan, and the names of members of State 
Senate and House of ltej)resentatives for 1865. 

Soldiers' vote, 1864. '' 

State oflticers and deputies, and State military officers, 1865. 

Judicial circuits, with names and residences of judges. 

Federal officers of Michigan, 1865. 

Governois of Michigan Territory, from 1805 to include 1835. 

Governors and Lieutenant Governors of the State of Michigan, from 1835 to 
include 1865. 

Speakers of the House of Kepresentatives of the Legislature of Michigan, 
from 1835 to include 1865. 

United States Senators from Michigan, from 1836 to include 1865. 

Kepresentatives i*i Congress from Michigan, from 1836 to include 1865. 

The above are all contained in a small copper box, marked *' State of Michi- 
Lui, 18(55," which is 9x5x4. 

The finishing stroke to consu:umate the trust is a monument, which, as 
ocfore stated, is under contract, to be completed and erected iii two years IVom 
July 1st, 1866. The contractor is the distinguished artist, James G. Batter- 
son, of Hartford, Connecticut, wlio has given ample bonds for fullillment. In 
general architectuie the moiiunient will not materially differ from the photo- 
giaphic design already transmitted. The column will be of white American 
granite. Tlie statues, of Italian marble, to be modeled by our own celebrated 
sculptor, Kogers. The crowning figure will be so modified as to represent the 
18 



138 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

Genius of American Liberty, holding in her left hand a sheathed sword, and 
on the right the wreath of victory aboat to be cast upon the victorioTis slain. 

Instead of bronze, as first intended, the statues upon the pedestal will be of 
marble, representing, respectively, War, Peace, History, and Industry. The 
pedestal will also be decorated laterally with emblematic groups. 

The front plinth will bear, in bronze, the United States coat of arms; and 
around the shaft will be cut 18 stars, suggestive of the represented States; 
and below these, and in front, "July 1, 2, 3, 3863 "—the memorial days on 
which their gallant sons battled for and won the decisive victory. 

In general dimensions the monument will be 23 feet square at base, and 
extreme height 00 feet, costing $47,600, of which 810,000 is already paid, and 
the balance payable in semi-annual installments. 

The approximate cost, originally estimated by the Executive Commit- 
tee for the entire work of the cemetery, exclusive of monument, 
was 867,000 

To which may be added the cost of monument 47,500 



Making a total of $114,500 

The apportionment as made to the States in the ratio of their population, 
indicated by their representatiojj in Congress, was as follows: 

Maine |4,205 30 

New Hampshire 2,523 18 

Vermont 2,523 18 

Massachusetts 8,410 60 

Ehode Island 1,682 12 



Connecticut 3,364 24 

New York 26,072 86 

New Jersey 4,205 30 

Pennsylvania 20,185 44 

Delaware 841 06 



Maryland 4,205 30 

West Virginia 2,523 IS 

Ohio 15,980 14 

Indiana 9,251 66 

Illinois 11^774 84 

Michigan .• 5^046 36 

Wisconsin 5,046 36 

Minnesota 1,682 JJ 

Total $129,523 --4 



The sum apportioned to Michigan was $5 046 36 

The State appropriated in 18G4 83.500 00 

The State appropriated in 1865 ._ 2,500 00 



^ total of 86,000 00 



Kequisitions made upon the State were paid to the Treasurer of the Board, 
respectively, as follows : 

May 23d, 1864 $630 00 l September 23d, 1865 1260 00 

Nbvember 29th, 1864 63182 April 24th, 1866.. 1*264 54 

May30th,1865 1,260 00 ! ' ' ^^ 

Being the full amount of her apportionment $5,046 36 

I would recommend that there be transplanted from the soil of Michigan to 
the cemetery a wiutu pine tree, as a living perennial emblem of the State. 

As comprehensively and briefly as the subject would admit, I have endeav- 
ored to sketch the history of this worthy trust, assumed by States, who felt it 
their special charge thus to consecrate the memory of heroic dead, fallen in 
behalf of all the States of the Republic. Were I to close here, violence won hi 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 13S> 

be done to the sad and painful associations which forcibly remind all that death 
is not confined to battle fields, however memorable. In tiie pro^jress of these- 
recounted labors, he who stood as the civil and military chief of the nation, 
battling for its life, and through the weary, disheartening years of sti-uggle,. 
never failing, but with courageous lieart and confiding purpose, guiding that 
nation to victory, has fallen a victim to the same treacherous foe that crim- 
soned a decisive battle field with the blood of heroic defenders. 

Abraham Lincoln is inseparably connected with the solemnities cousecrating 
the National Cemetery at Gettysburg. Honored by his distinguished presence, 
his participating words may well become a part of this record, for they caiv 
never be too often pondered : 

ADDRESS OF PKESIDENT LINCOLN AT THE CONSECEATION OF THE NATIONAL CEMETEEY 
AT GETTYSBURG, NOVEilBEK l^TH, 1863. 

"Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth upon this continent a new 
nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition tiiat all men are created 
equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any na- 
tion so conceived or dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battle lickl of 
that war. We are met to dedicate a portion of it as the final resting' place of those who 
here gave their lives that that nation might hve. It is altogether fitting and proper that 
we should do this. 

"But in a larger sense we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground. The bravo 
men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it far above our power tu add 
or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember, what we say here, but it can 
never forget what they did here. It is for us, the livmg, rather, to be dedicated to the 
unluiisheti work that tliey have thus far so nobly carried on. It is rather for us to be here 
dedicated to the great task remainuig before us— that from these honored duad we take 
increased devotion to the cause for which th(>y here gave the last full measure of devotion 
— that we here highly resolve that the dead shall not have died in vain — that the nation 
shall, under God, have a new birth of freedom, and that the government of the people, by 
the people, and for the people, shall not perish from the earth." 

Impressed with a measureless national loss, the board at its next meeting 
following the assassination of the illustrious President, unanimously adopted 
the following testimonial of Michigan, and immediately thereafter adjourned 
in further token of lespect: 

" Whereas, In the rnysterious Providence of God, Abraham Lincoln, late President of 
the United States, in the full tide of trust and power, has fallen by the hanil of an assassin; 

" An'l whereas. The National Cemetery committed to our trust, was by the presence 
and participation of President Lincohi, consecrated to the enduruig memory of the heroes 
who here fell in the defense of the Union, it seems befitting that this occasion of our first 
meeting following that tragic e\ent, should give some expression of the irreparable loss 
sustained by the nation; tht-refore 

" Resolved, That as a part of the people he loved so well, we deeply mourn the assas- 
sination of the able, faithful, puie, and patriotic President, whose martyrdom crowns with 
gloiy the many sacrifices offci cd ui)on the sluine of a restored nationahty, and we utterly 
condemn the fiendish malignity and complicity of rebel leaders, which, culminating in 
Presidential assassination, forever consigns the great southern rebellion and its abettors 
to lasting infamy. 

"Resolved, That to Abraliam Lincoln's native good sense, shrewd sagacity, exalted 
humanity, unswerving integrity, his rare combination of fixedness with pliancy, simplicity 
of manner and purity of purpose, based upon an unshaU(Mi faith in the ultimate tnunii)ii 
of truth and right, upheld by loyal arms, are we uidebted lor the suppression ol the 
rebellion and the deliverance of the nation. 

"Resolved, That in the emancipation of an oppres.sed race, he has given eflicacy to tlie 
princi|)le enunciated in the Declaration of Indepfiidence, proclaiming all races anij condi- 
tioiLs entitled to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness; and history, as it declares Wash- 
ington tlie founder, will enroll Lincoln the savior of the repubhc. 

" Resolved, That we especially sympathize with the stricken houeebold, made desolate 
by inconsolable woe. 



140 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

" Resolved, That in respect to the memory of a chief magistrate, canonized in the heart 
of universal liberty, we do now adjourn." ^ 



Mr. Ferry, iu closing his able aud elaborate report, says, in referring to the 
members of the Board of Commissioners: 

"The members have brouglit to their labors patriotic zeal and untiring 
energy. It will, however, matter little who were immediately instrumental in 
devising and developing the sacred memorial which is to hand down to future 
generations the lustrous record of patriots who prized country above life. 

" They will be forgotten, while shaft and speecli and song shall tell of battle 
and heroism to ages yet unborn. The decisive contest — tlie turning strife of 
the war, from which victory, leaping from field to field, eventuated in peace, 
National liberty, and reunion — this, this alone, will be the enduring, emblazon- 
ing chaplet wliich time shall weave for the gallant heroes who sleep beneath 
the shadow of the Nation's mausoleum at Gettysburg." 

In 1867 the Legislature appropriated 3,344.88 as the proportion of the State 
for the purchase, preparation, and care of the Antietam National Cemetery at 
Sharpsburg, Md., where rest 37 of Michigan's heroic dead. The Hon. John 
J. Bagley was aj)poiuted by the Goveinor as trustee to represent the State in 
the corporation formed for the management of the matter. 

In both of these cemeteries most favorable locations were secured as burial 
places by the gentlemen named, while every duty confided to them has been 
most faithfully executed. 

The General Government, througli the Quartermaster's Department, has 
made most creditable and praiseworthy efforts to gather together, with much 
care, the remains of the Union soldiers who fell in battle as well as those who 
died of wounds and disease in hospitals, iu rebel prison, or by the wayside, 
into the "National Cemeteries," as conten)plated by the War Department. 
With great labor and continuous kindly care the graves have been prepared 
and marked, as far as practicable, with tablets, giving name, company, and 
regiment. These cities of the dead have been substantially enclosed, the 
grounds laid out and beautified, and persons appointed to protect them from 
being disturbed or desecrated. 

The most noted of rebel prison pens was Andersonville, Ga., associated as it 
is with the most inhuman barbarities ever committed by any savage or civilized 
))eople, intentionally and systematically perpetrated, resulting in death in all 
its forms. 

"A writer in the "Hartford Courant" says of this infernal place, invented 
and constructed with the design of destroying the lives of Union prisoners of 
war, and alas! alas! too fully accomi)lishing its most hellish jjurpose: 

"The stockade was erected in the midst of a ])iinieval i)ine forest. The 
heavy logs were placed u})right, close together, standing fjom 15 to 18 Uet 
above the ground, to make the inclosure. Within it every tree and shrub was 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 141 

cut down. Not a tent was fui nished ; a few soldiers only carried in with then) 
old blankets that were not considered worth seizing. The great forest stood 
almost near enough to shade them. There were men of all trades in that pen. 
Everybody knows how quickly and neatly soldiers housed theni>elves in their 
own camps when they had time. These men would have gladly built shelter 
of some sort, or even handsome barracks. It was only necessary to take out a 
few at a time under guard and let them cut and hew. Yet, from five to 
35.000 men were there under the blazing sun of a Georgia summer, siiadeless 
and houseless, drinking from the stream thji,t trickled through their filth, and 
lying upon the bare, open ground, or crawling into the burrows they dug. The 
bloodhounds to track the fugivives were housed just outside. Who can"explain 
away the fact that the men would gladly have built themselves a shelter, but 
were now refused the privilege. The writer of this paragraph received in 
March, 1865, at Wilmington, N. C, 9,000 Union prisoners who had been in 
Salisbury, Florence, Millen, and Andersonville. He saw theu), conversed with 
them, provided hospital attendance for a shorter or longer time for 3,000 or 
4,000 of them, and buried them by scores and hundreds. To say that they 
had been treated as well as possible, to say that they had not been neglected 
and brutally misused to a degree that amounted to murder, is an iufamo°u8 and 
damnable falsehood." 

At this place a beautiful cemetery has been completed, containing nearly 
thirteen thousand graves of Union soldiers. Michigan gave to this sacritice 
six hundred and twenty-three braves, who, sooner than accept the standing 
proposition to enter the rebel ranks and disown their State and fight against 
their country, became victims of the horrid ordeal, suffering death by suirva- 
tion, extreme exposure, and every conceivable iniliction of brutal cruelty at 
the hands of rebel officials, with the full knowledge and sanction of the Rich- 
mond authorities. 

" Rest on embalmed and sainted dead, 

Dear as the blood ye gave; 
No impious footprints here shall tread 

The herbage of your grave; 
Nor shall your glory be forgot 

While Fame her record keeps, 
Or honor points the hallowed spot 

Where valor proudly sleeps." 

In this as well as all other National cemeteries, proper records have been 
made of those buried in each, bound in printed volumes, copies of which have 
been furnished to the various States. 

The main entrance to this cemetery is on the west side, bur visitors usually 
enter at the south gate. East of this gate is the inscription, "National 
Cemetery at Andersonville." 

On the west side : 

" On Fame's eternal camping ground 
Their silent tents are spread, 
And glor>' guards with solemn round 
The bivouac of the dead." 



1^2 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

A third of the way down the road is the following: 

" Whether in the prison drear, 
Or ill the battle's van, 
The fittest piace for man to die, 
Is where he dies for man." 



And opposite 



The hopes, the fears, the blood, the tears 

That mark the bitter strife, 
Arc now all crowned by victory 

That saved the nation's life." 



Further down stands: 

" Then shall the dust return to the earth as it was, and the spirit shall return unto God 
who made it." 



And Its companion : 



" A thousand battle fields have drank 
The blood of warriors brave, 
And countless homes are dark and drear 
Through the land they died to save." 



Last of all is : 



" Through the rebellion's horrors, 
Bright shines our nation's fame, 
Our gallant soldiers, perishing. 
Have won a deathless name." 

Captain James M. Moore, Assistant Quartermaster U. S. A., who was sent 
by the Government in July, 18(35, to mark the graves for future identification, 
and also to enclose the cemetery, under date of September 20th, 1865, describes 
Ihe place and his work as follows: 

"At the different stations along the route the object of the expedition was 
■well known, and not unfrequently men wearing the garb of rebel soldiers would 
■enter the cars and discuss the treatment of our prisoners at Andersonville ; all 
of whom candidly admitted it was shameful, and a blot on the escutcheon of 
the soutii that years would not efface. 

"On the morning of the 2Gth of July the work of identifying the graves, 
painting and lettering of head-boards, laying out walks, and enclosing the 
cemetery was commenced, and on the evening of August 16th was completed. 

"The dead were found buried in trenches on a site selected by tlie rebels, 
about three hundred yards from the stockade. The trenches varied in length 
from lifty to one hundred and fifty yards. The bodies in the trenches were 
/rom two to three feet below the surface, and in several instances where the 
rains had washed away the earth, but a few inches. Additional earth was, 
howuvt-r, thrown upon tlie graves, making them of a still greater depth. So 
<!loKi> were tiiey buried, wiiliout collins or the ordinary clothing to cover their 
nakedness, that no more than twelve inciies were allowed to each man; indeed, 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 143 

the little tablets marking their resting places, measuring hardly ten inches in 
width, almost touched each other. 

"United States soldiers, while prisoners at Andersoiiville, had been detailed 
to inter their companions, and by a simple stake at the head of each grave, 
which bore a number corresponding with a similar numbered name upon the 
Andersouville hospital record, I was enabled to identify and mark witli a neat 
tablet, simihir to those in the cemeteries at Washington, the number, name, 
rank, regiuient, company, and date of death of twelve thousand four hundred 
and sixiy-one graves, there being but four hundred and fifty-one that bore the 
sad inscription, ' Unknown U. S. Soldiers.' 

"One hundred and twenty thousand feet of pine lumber were used in these 
tablets alone. 

"The cemetery contains fifty acres, and has been divided by one main ave- 
nue running through the center and subdivided into blocks and sections in 
such a manner that with the aid of the record, which 1 am now having copied 
for the Superintendent, the visitors will experience no difficulty in finding any 
grave. 

"Appropriate inscriptions are placed through the ground, and I have 
endeavored, as far as my facilities would permit, to transfer this wild, 
unmarked, and unhonored graveyard into a fit place of interment for the 
Isation's gallani dead. At the entrance gate, the words 'National Cemetery, 
Andersouville, Ga.,' designate this city of the dead. 

^ "On the morning of the 17th of August, (18G5), at sunrise, the Stars and 
Stripes were hoisted in the center of the cemetery, when a National salute was 
fired and several National songs sung by those present. 

'• Andeisonville is situated on the Southwestern Railroad, sixty miles from 
Macon.^ There is but one house in the place, except those erected by the so- 
called Confederate Government as hospitals, officers' quarters, and commissary 
and quartermaster's buildings. It was formerly known as Anderson, but since 
the war the "ville" has been added. 

"The country is covered mostly with pines and hemlocks, and the soil is sandy. 

********** 

"It is said to be the most unhealthy part of Georgia, and was probably 

selected as a depot for prisoners on that account. At mid-day the tlier- 

mometer in the shade reaches frequently one hundred and ten degrees, and in 

the sun the heat is almost unbearable. 

********** 
"The noted prison pen is fifteen hundred and forty feet long, and seven 
nundred and fifty feet wide, and contains twenty-seven acres. The dead line 
IS seventeen feet from the stockade, and the sentry boxes are thirty yaixls 
apart. The inside stockade is eighteen feet high, tiie outer one twelve feet, 
and the distance between the two is one hundred and twenty-feet. 

"Nothing has been destroyed; as our exhausted, emaciated, and enfeebled 
soldiers left it, so it stands to-day, as a monument to an inhumanity unparal- 
leled in the annals of war. 

" How men could survive as well as they did in this pen, exposed to the rays 
of an almost tropical sun by day and drenching dews by night, without the 
slightest covering, is wonderful. 

"The ground is filled with holes where they had burrowed in their efforts to 
shield themselves from the weather, and many a poor fellow, in endeavoring 
to i)rotect himself m this manner, was smothered to death by the earth falling 
in upon him. * 



144 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

"The stories told of the sufferings of our men while prisoners here have been 
substantiated by hundreds, and the sceptic who will visit Andersonville even 
now and examine the stockade, with its black, oozy mud, the cramped and 
wretched burrows, the dead line and the slaughter house, must be a callous 
observer, indeed, if he is not convinced that the miseries depicted of this pr.'-ou 
pen are no exaggerations." 

********** 

" They rose in dark and evil days 
To rigiit their native land; 
They Ivindled here a living blaze 
Tiiat nothing shall withstand. 



" Then here's their memory— may it be 
For us a guiding light, 
To cheer our strife for liberty, 
And teach us to do right." 

It may here be stated that both o"fticers nnd enlisted men of Michigan troops 
were selected to execute many important duties m various capacities aside from 
service in the field, among which may be named that most sacred trust of caring 
for the union dead. 

The subject of laying out and constructing National cemeteries in the depart- 
ment of the Cumberland, came under the direction of Major General George 
H. Thomas, commanding, and General Thomas Swoi'ds, Assistant Quarter- 
master General, U. S. A., and that important duty was placed in charge of 
Colonel E. B. Whitman, Quartermaster's department, who selected several 
otticers to aid in that great, benevolent work, among whom were Chaplains 
Earnshaw and Van Home, U. S. Volunteers, with Captain L. B. Fish, 3d Ohio 
Cavalry, William A. Gavitt, late private 1st Michigan Engineers and Mechan- 
ies, and James C. Wheeler, late private 18th Michigan Infantry, as assistants. 
Colonel Wliitnian and Captain Fish, with Gavett, made a tour of inspection of 
the battle fields in the department, embracing Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, 
Misaifisippi, and Georgia, including Andersonville, locating the various ceme- 
teries and putting men at work on each. 

Wheeler was made assistant to Chaplain Van Home at Chattanooga, and was 
8oon after placed in full charge of building that great work. Ciiaplain Earn- 
shaw commenced building the cemetery at Nashville, and Captain Fish was 
j)laced in charge of building those at Shiloh and Donelson. Gavett was, by 
order of General Thomas, placed in charge of locating and building the ceme- 
tery at Mill Spring, Kentucky, and when that was well under way he was 
ordered in charge of the entire work of laying out and constructing that at 
Camp Mi.'lsi)n, Kentucky, and next at Nashville and IStone Kiver, Tennessee. 

For llietjo valuable services, for which they received high commendation, 
Wheeler ami (Javett were paid as captains of cavalry. 

During their service Wheeler superintended the interment of about 5iO,000 
uniiiii (lead ; while IJ'^.Odl,' were interred uiuler the direction of Gavett. 



REBEL RAID FROM CANADA. 



Canada during the war was a convenient rendezvous for rebel refugees and 
marauders, who there found a cheerful welcome, congenial companions, sym- 
pathizing friends, and a safe asylum. But they were not content to remain in 
peace, consequently the State of Michigan, being on the Canadian border, was 
continually threatened with invasion by these rebels who were encouraged to 
raid by the Confederate government at Kichmond, while many of them having 
been sent there under pay for that purpose, were led by its commissioned 
emissaries in their undertakings, in which they received a hearty encourage- 
ment from a very large class of the Canadian people, who seemed to be ever 
ready to incite and assist rebels, when they thought it advisable to make incur- 
sions into border States, to pillage, burn, and otherwise destroy. 

The force in the State during the time of these threatened raids on which 
reliance was placed to defend its borders against any hostile demonstration con- 
sisted of six companies of the 2d regiment veteran reserve corps, three compa- 
nies of State troops, the "Scott Guard," "Detroit Light Guard," and "Lyon 
Guard," with a section of light artillery, fully equipped and supplied with 
suitable ammunition ; and in addition there were five hundred stands of arms 
in the State Armory at Detroit, with complete equipments, and abundance of 
ammunition at all times in readiness for distribution to citizens, with whom 
there was an understanding and an arrangement to assist in repelling any 
attack that might be made upon the city or along the river in the vicinity. 
There was also a small force guarding the arsenal at Dearborn, in which was 
stored about thirty-five thousand stand of arms. To guard against any attack 
or landing being made by steamers or vessels from the Canadian side with a 
hostile intention, several armed steam tugs were employed by the Government 
in patroling the river at various points. 

In the Adjutant General's report for 1864 is found the following account of 
a raid made in September of that year, and which is illustrative of the condi- 
tion of affairs in this respect on the frontier about that time. 

"In November, J 863, the War Department was officially notified by the 
British Minister, Lord Lyons, that from a telegraphic dispatch received by 
him from the Governor General of Canada, there was reason to believe that a 
19 



146 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

plot ^as on foot, by persons hostile to the United States who had found an 
a V urn in Canada/to invade the States on that frontier; that they proposed 
to\ ke posses ;n of some of the steamers on Lake Erie, to surprise Jo^.nson'8 
sland! near Sandusky, and set free the rebel prisoners of war confined there, 
and proceed with them to attack Buiialo. This information was communi- 
cated b? he War Department to the Governors of the States bordering on 
Canada, and to the military and civil authorities thereof, and urging them to 
employ all the means in their power to suppress any attempt to carry the plot 
into effect That there was such a scheme on foot, and that it was concocied 
and put in operation in Canada by the rebel government, there can be no 
doubt as circumstances have transpired and documentary evidence received 
during the past year fullv confirming it, and that its execution was only pre- 
vented at that time by the prompt measures taken by the military authorities 
iu the States referred to, and although their plans were frustrated, their deter- 
mination was still to carry them into effect, and their execution was only 
deferred until a more favorable opportunity. During the present year the 
United States military officers, and also the civil and military authorities of 
the State, have been almost daily in the receipt of rumors and reports from 
various sources of contemplated raids to be made on American frontier cities 
and on the shipping of the lakes to burn and destroy, many of which could not 
be traced to any reliable origin, yet they served to keep up a continual state of 
excitement and alarm in the cities and villages on the border of the State, and 
to require the vigilant attention of the authorities, and all tlie preparations 
within their power to successfully meet any attempted invasion of the State 
were made, which were considered at the time ample to repel any force that 
might be expected of that description. Yet, notwithstanding, there was a dis- 
tru"st and a nervous foreboding of coming mischief among the people of the 
frontier cities and villages. This distrust also prevailed among the railroad 
agencies and those engaged in the shipping on the lakes, which led to the 
arming of the community generally as individuals, and of railroad trains and 
lake and river steamers, and to the establishing of safeguards about private 
dwellings, public places of business, and railroad depots. This condition of 
affairs continued, no overt act having been committed, and no visible combi- 
nation of force having been traced to any locality until the 19th day of Sep- 
tember, 18G4, when tliey concluded to make the attempt by seizing the steamer 
Philo Parsons, belonging to Detroit, and running as a passenger boat from 
that point to Sandusky, in the State of Ohio. On the morning of the day 
above lefened to, four of the raiders, including BennetGr. Burley, one of their 
apparent leaders, took passage on the said boat at Detroit. On her way down 
ilic Detroit river, on her pa^;sage to Sandusky, she landed at the Canadian 
porta of Sandwich and Amherstburg, where the balance of the raiders got on 
board, the wliole, as has since been ascertained, numbering about thirty. 

"Tlio following condensed depositions of W. 0. Ashley and D. C. Nichols, 
belouiimg to the Bteamer, taken as evidence on the extradition trial of Burley, 
ut Toronto, in Canada, give a full account of the occurrences on board the 
Piulo PaiHoiis during the time the raiders held possession of her: 

" Tln'ho (l««poHitl()ii8hli()\vcd that tho steamboat ' Philo Parsons' was owned by theinform- 
ftiit Ablilcy, and uLhcr ritizeiib uf iho United atatos; tliat this vessel was a licensed passen- 
ger iiud Irelnht bi)at, tuid was plying between the city of Detroit, in the State ot JSlicbi- 
Kun, aud tho city of Sandusky, in the State of Ohio, and was accustomed to touch in this 
loulv at tho Canadian port of Andierbtbur^;, and occasionally at Sandwich, and some- 
Uujobut Wlndbor, Canada. Ashley was clerk on buard the steamer. On Sunday evening, the 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 147 

18th of September, 1864, she was lymg at the city of Detroit, and the prisoner (Burley) came 
©n board and said to Ashley that he intended to go down in the morning, and that three of 
his friends were going with him, and requested that the boat might stop at Sandwich to 
talve them. Ashley told the prisoner that if he took the boat at Detroit, and his partj- 
were ready, the boat would call for them at Sandwich. The prisoner came on board 
the next morning, and remmded Ashley of his promise. The boat was stopped at Sand- 
wich, and three persons came on board, without baggage or freight. They were well 
dressed, in the 'Canadian style.' The prisoner said his friends were taking a pleasui-e 
trip, and would probably stop at Kelly's Island. At Amherstburg twenty men or more 
came on board, roughly dressed, and paid their fare to Sandusky. The only baggage taken 
on board at Amhertsburg was a large old trunk, tied with a cord. In the ordinary course 
the steamer should have reached Sandusky about 5 P. M. Neither the prisoner nor his 
three friends apparently recognized the men who came on board at Amherstburg. The 
boat reached Kelly's Island about 4 P. M., and proceeded south from the island" toward 
Sandusky, Kelly's Island being in the State of Ohio, and and about five miles from the 
main shore of the United States. After proceeding about two miles, three men came up 
to .\shley, drawing revolvers, saying he was a dead man if he offered resistance. Two of 
them, as Asliley thought, came on board at Sandwich. At this time the prisoner came 
for^vard with a revolver in his hand, followed by from twenty-eight to thirty-five men, 
and leveled the revolver at Ashley, ordering him into the ladies' cabin, where Ashley 
immediately went, and from which he saw these parties arm themselves from the trunk 
brought on board at Amherstburg, most of them having two revolvers, and some having 
hatchets. The prisoner ordered a sulky and some pig iron, which was on deck, to be 
thrown overboard, which was partly done. Two men guarded Ashley, and they told him 
they intended to capture the United States steamer ' Michigan,' a war vessel. The pris- 
oner acted as one having authority. His commands were obeyed. Another steamer, 
called the ' Island Queen,' was siezed by the same party, at Middle Bass Island, and the 
passengers were brought as prisoners on board the 'Philo Parsons.' A person named 
Captain Bell was of the prisoner's party, and gave some orders. He told Ashley he 
wanted him iu the office. Ashley went there with him and the prisoner. Ashley requested 
permission to take off the boat's books. They refused. Ashley then said he had some 
private promissory notes, amounting to about two thousand dollars. The prisoner took 
them, looked at them, and said he could not collect them, and returned them to Ashley. 
Bell then said to Ashley: 'We want your money.' He and the prisoners then had revol- 
vers in their hands. Ashley swore he was in bodily fear, but did not consider his hfe in 
danger if he did their bidding. He opened the money drawer. There was very little 
money there. The prisoner then said: ' You have got more money; let us have it.' Ashley 
took a roll of bills from his vest pocket and laid it on the desk. Bell took part and the 
prisoner took part, and they took the money m the drawer (about ^10) between them. In 
In the roll of bills taken by them there was a twenty-dollar note of the United States, 
commonly called greenbacks, issued by the Secretary of the Treasury. It was in use as 
lawful current money of the United States at the time. It was legal tender for twenty 
dollars, and was the property of the owners of the boat. The prisoner took this monev, as 
Ashley swore, against his (Ashley's) will. He was put in bodily fear and danger of his life 
at the time. Directly after the money was taken Ashley was put on shore at Middle Bass 
Island, by the prisoner and Bell, and the boat steered for Sandusky, with the Island Queen 
alongside, which last boat was cast adrift in about half an hour. Some of the party said 
they intended to release the prisoners on Johnson's Island, which is in the State of Ohio, 
about two miles from Sandusky. The ' Michigan ' was lying off Johnson's Island, supposed 
to guard it. There are about three thousand prisoners of war there, soldiers of the Con- 
federate States. Ashley stated there was a rebellion going on by the Southern States. 
He could not tell how many States. Captain Bell appeared to be in command of the party 
on board of thn ' Philo Parsons.' He did not say in Ashley's hearing he was in any service, 
nor for what purpose he took the boat. There were about twenty-five United States 
soldiers on board the Island Queen, who were captured. The passengers were not pre- 
vented from taking their baggage. Nichols confirmed Ashley's testimony in most of the 
material particulars. He said that Bell came to him m the pilot house, and said he was a 
Confederate officer, and siezed the boat, and took him (Nichols) a prisoner. But he also 
said the prisoner seemed to be the leader of them. He did not see the money taken. 
He heard the prisoner say, when the Island Queen was set adrift, that they had cut her 
pipes so that she would sink. They had taken every person from on board of her. After- 
wards the ' Philo Parsons ' was steered back towards Detroit. Before this, however. It 
seems that some of the passengers who were made prisoners were put on shore, on the 
American territory. When, on the return, they had reached the mouth of the Detroit 
river, some of the party asked Nichols where they were, and he told them ' in Canadian 
waters,' and some of them said it was well for some of the vessels near them, or they 



148 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

would board them; and they inquli-ed if a certain banker did not live at Gross Isle, In the 
Detroit river, and being told by Nichols that one Ives lived there, they replied if it had not 
been so late they would go and rob bim. A short distance above Amherstburg two men 
landed in a boat' on the Canadian side. At Fighting Island Nichols and others, part of 
the crews of the ' Philo Parsons ' and ' Island Queen ' were put on shore, and the boat pro- 
ceeded to Sandwich. Nichols followed her, and in two hours got to Sandwich, and found 
her there deserted by the whole party, and a piano forte, a mirror, and some other articles 
of furniture belonging to the boat had been landed. Some of Nichols's clothing was also 
taken away. One' of the party wore Nichols's India rubber coat. The male passengers 
who were taken were, before they were landed, sworn to keep sUent as to the transaction 
for twenty-four hours. The females were asked to promise to do so, but it was not said 
in Nichols's hearing why this was done. When the ' Island Queen ' was cast adrift, they 
were about fourteen miles from Johnson's Island, as the boat would have gone. When 
coming up the Detroit river, some of the party said they had not made much by coming- 
down. They had intended to take the ' Michigan ' if they could. They had a Confederate 
Hair, and compelled Nichols to assist in raising it on the 'Philo Parsons,' when the boat 
was on Lake Erie, returning toward the Detroit river. It was put about half way up the 
flag staff." 

The complicity of the rebel Government, with its agents, sympathizers, and 
refugees in Canada, in November, 1863, in concocting a raid on the territory 
of the United States, is apparent from the date of the following appointment, 
given by JeliVrsuii Davis to Burley, on the 11th day of September of that year, 
he, undoubtedly, being one of the naval officers mentioned in the report of the 
rebel secretary of war as having been sent into the British Provinces with a 
huge number of commissioned and petty officers, to organize an expedition 
against "Johnson's Island" during tlie fall of the year referred to. 

That the expedition on board the "Philo Paisons," in September, 1864, 
was ordered by the rebel Government there can be no doubt, if credence is 
given to the following "manifesto" of Jefferson Davis, produced on the extra- 
dition trial of Burley before the Canadian court at Toronto, as proof that the 
acts of said Burley, in connection with that expedition, were performed in 
obedience to tlie instructions of the rebel Government, and that he should be 
treated us a belligerent, and not as a pirate and robber: 

"Confederate States of America, ) 
"Navy Department, Richmond, Scpteviber 11th, 1863. \ 

"Siu — You are hereby informed that the President has appointed you au 
acting nuLsier in the navy of the Confederate States. You are requested to 
Bignily your acceptance or non-acceptance of this appointment; and should 
yuu accept, you are to sign, before a magistrate, the oath of office herewith 
forwarded, and forward the same, with your letter of acceptance, to this 

dcpartinunU Ilegistered No. . The lowest number takes rank. 

"S. R. MALLORY, 

^'Secretary of Navy. 
"Acting Master Bennet G. Buklry, 

" C. 8. Navy, Richmond, Fa." 

On thia waa tlie following endorsement: 

"Confederate States OF America, \ 
"Richmond, 22d Decejnber, 1864. \ 
" I certify that the reverse of this jiage represents a true copy of the warrant 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 149 

granted to Bennet G. Buiiey, as acting ma-ter in the navy of the Confederate 
States, from the records of this department. In testimony whereof, I have 
hereunto set my hand and affixed the seal of tliis department, on the day and 
year above written. 

"S. R. MALLORY, 
*' Secretary of JVuvy," [l. s.J 

[MANIFESTO.] 
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA. 

** Whereas, It has been made known to me that Bennet G. Burley, an acting 
master in the navy of the Confederate States, is now under arrest in one of 
the British North American provinces, on an application made by the Govern- 
ment of the United States for the delivery to that Government of the said 
Bennet G. Burley, under the treaty known as the Extradition Treaty, now in 
iorce between the United States and Great Britain; and 

" Whereas, It has been represented to me that the demand for the extra- 
■dition of the said Bennet G. Burley is based on the charge that the said Burley 
is a fugitive from justice, charged with having committed the crimes of rob- 
bery and piracy in the jurisdiction of the United States; and 

" Whereas, It has fuither been made known to me that the accusations and 
■charges made against the said Bennet G. Burley are based solely on tlie acts 
and conduct of the said Burley, in an enterprise or expedition made or 
attempted in the month of September last (1864), for the capture of the 
steamer 'Michigan,' an armed vessel of the United States, navigating the 
lakes on the boundary between the United States and the British North Amer- 
ican provinces, and for the release of numerous citizens of the Confederate 
States, held as prisoners of war by the United States at a certain island called 
Johnson's Island ; and 

"Whereas, The said enterprise or expedition for the capture of the said 
armed steamer 'Michigan,' and for the release of the said prisoners on John- 
sou's Island, was a proper and legitimate belligerent operation, undertaken 
during the pending public war between the two Cojifederacies, known respect- 
ively as the Confederate States of America and the United States of America, 
Afhich operation was ordered and sanctioned by the authority of the Govern- 
ment of the Confederate States, and confided to its commissioned officers for 
execution, among wiiich officers is the said Bennet G. Burley; 

"Now, therefore, I, Jelferson Davis, President of the Confederate States of 
America, do hereby declare and make known to all whom it may concern, that 
the expedition aforesaid, undertaken in the month of September last, for tlie 
capture of the armed steamer 'Michigan,' a vessel of war of the United 
States, and for the release of the prisoners of war, citizens of the Confederate 
Stales of America, held captive by the United States of America, at Johnson's 
Island, was a belligerent expedition, ordered and undertaken under the author- 
ity of the Confederate States of America, against the United States of Amer- 
ica, and that the Government of the Confederate States of America assumes 
the responsibility of answering for the acts and conduct of any of its officers 
-engaged in said expedition, and especially of the said Bennet G. Burley, an 
acting master in the navy of the Confederate States. 

"And I do further made known to all whom it may concern, that in the 



150 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

orders and instruction given to the officers engaged in said expedition, they 
were especially directed and enjoined to 'abstain from violating any of the 
laws and regulations of the Canadian or British authorities in relation to 
neutrality,' and that the combination necessary to effect the purpose-'.of said 
expedition must be made by Confederate soldiers and such assistance as they 
might (you may) draw from the enemy's country. 

"In testimony whereof, I have signed this manifesto, and directed the same 
to be sealed witli the seal of the Department of State of the Confederate States- 
of America, and to be made public. 

•' Done at the city of Richmond, on this 24th day of December, 1864. 

''JEFFERSON DAVIS. 

"By the President: 
"J. P. Benjamin, Secretary of Stated 

The following correspondence will show that the military authoritias of thi& 
State were fully aware of the movements and intentions of the raiders to- 
attempt an attack on Johnson's Island, and that the commander of the- 
steamer Michigan received early information in relation thereto. The mili- 
tary officers at Sandusky were also put on the alert, and a reinforcement, con- 
sisting of artillery and infantry, had been promptly ordered there from 
Cincinnati, which ensured the security of the rebel prisoners against any 
possibility of rescue: 

(1) [Telegram.] 

Deteoit, Septemler 17th, 1864. 

To Captain J. C. Carter, Commanding U. iS. Steamer Michigan, Sanduaky^ 
Ohio : 
It is reported to me that some of the officers and men of your steamer have 
heon tampered with, and that a party of rebel refugees leave Windsor to-mor- 
row with the expectation of getting possession of your steamer. 

B. H. HILL, 
Lieut. Col. U. S. A., Military Covimaiider.. 

(l) [Telegram.l 

Detroit, Mich., September 19 th, 1864, 
To Captain J. C. Carter, U. S. Navy, U. S. Steamer Michigan, Sandusky, Ohio, 

It is 8rti(i the parties will embark to-day, at Maiden, on board the "Philo 
I'ursoiiB," and will seize either that steamer or another running from Kelly's 
1-lund. Since my last dis{)atch, am again assured that officers and men have 
bucn bought by a man named Cole. A few meu to be introduced on board 
under guiao of friends of officers. 

An officer named Eddy to be drugged. Both Commander Gardner and 
uiysi'lf louk upon the matter as serious. 

B. H. HILL, 
Lieut. Col U. S. A., A. A. P. M. General 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 151 

(8) [Telegram."] 

U. S. Steamer Michigan, | 

Off Johnson's Island, 0., > 

September 18th, 1864, via Sandu.-'ky. ) 

To Lieut. Col. B. TT. Hill. U. S. A., Military Commander, Detroit, Mich.: 

Tluiiiks 1(11 3uur Uispalch. All ready. Caunot be true in relation to the 
officers or uien. 

JOHN C. CARTER, 

Commander U. S. iV. 

(4) [Telegram.] 

Sandusky, 0., September 19th, 1864. 
Colonel B. H. Hill, Detroit: 

Your dispatch of 19th received. I have Cole, and a fair prospect of bag- 
ging the party. 

J. C. CARTER, 
Commander U. S. N. 

Office Military Commander, ) 

DisTiiiGT OF Michigan, > 

Detroit, September 21st, 1864. ) 

Major C. H. Potter, Acting Adjutant General, Columii(.'<, Ohio: 

Sir: — I have the honor to inform you that on Saturday night last, 17th 
instant, a person called upon me at my hotel, and introduced himself to me as 
having been for several years a rebel soldier, and recently a refugee in Canada. 
He informed me tluit some of the officers and men of the U. S. steamer 
Michigan had been tampered with, and that it was the intention of ihe rebel 
agent at Windsor, Jacob Thompson, late Secretary of the Interior under Presi- 
dent Buchanan's administration, to send a party from Windsor, who, with the 
assistance of the officers and men, would endeavor to get possession of the 
steamer. He said that he had been approached to form one of tlie party, and 
had consented to do so, and that he would receive more particular information 
on the next morning, when the party would leave for Maiden. He said that 
with the possession of the steamer Michigan, they would have control of the 
lakes for a couple of months, and would lay contributions on all the lake cities, 
and had offered very large inducements to the officers and men of the steamer. 
He stated that after obtaining full information on Sunday morning, he would 
fail to join the party, and would see me again on Sunday evening. 

The statement of the man and his earnestness made some impression on me, 
and I telegraphed to Captain J. C. Carter, commanding officer of the steamer 
Michigan, that night, and I enclose a copy marked "1," and his reply marked 

On Sunday evening, 18th instant, my informant again crossed the river and 
saw me. He reported that he had agreed to join the party, and had obtained 
all the information he could, but at the last moment he had failed them. He 
said that the party were to take passage on board the steamer Philo Parsons, 
at Maiden, and would get possession of her before reaching Sandusky ; that cer- 
tain officers and men of the steamer Michigan had been tampered with by a 
man nanied Cole, and that an officer of the steamer, named Eddy, could not be 
Itought, and that the intention was to drug him and others. 



188 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

My informant though-t that the captain of the steamer Philo Parsons had 
also been bought, and if he received any hint on the subject he would give 
information, and he himself would be compromised. 

I went down to the steamer Philo Parsons the next morning at 6 A. M. and 
saw her. She was too small to be of any danger if taken by the persons, and 
after mature consideration I came to the conclusion that it would be better to 
let the steamer go, and place Captain Carter on his guard in a way that 
would make an impression on him, so that the whole party could be taken. 

See my telegram marked "3," and his reply marked "4." 

These plots are being constantly made here. We had the information about 
this one, and the question was whether it would not be better to let the 
steamer go and adopt measures to secure her capture, and make an example 
in this case. 

On Tuesday last the Philo Parsons arrived at Sandwich in the possession 
of some eighteen men, who had taken passage in her at Maiden the day before. 
It seems that after taking possession of her the piratical party seized and sunk 
a small steamer named the Island Queen, both occurrences taking place in the 
waters of the State of Ohio. They then proceeded to within four miles of 
Sandusky, and not probably seeing signals that had been agreed upon, or 
receiving any assistance that was probably expected from Sandusky, returned 
to Detroit river and proceeded to Sandwich, C, W., where they plundered the 
steamer and cut her pi[)es to sink her, and abandoned her. The steamer was, 
however, lecovered by her owners in a damaged condition, half full of water, 
and brought to this side of the river. 

It seems that my telegrams to Captain Carter led to the arrest of Cole, who 
made some disclosures that caused the arrest of other parties in Sandusky, the 
particulars of which will be doubtless communicated to the commanding 
olBcer there. 

It was unfortunate that Captain Carter did not proceed to meet the Philo 
Parsons, as the whole party could have been ca})tured ; but there have been so 
many rumors and reports here of rebel plots tiiat it is hard to discriminate 
between those having some reality and those purely fabrications. In this case 
had I placed soldiers on board, whom I could not spare at this time, or defend 
in any way the departure of the steamer, suspicions of the conspirators would 
have been aroused, and the matter deferred to a time when we would have had 
uo intimation of it. As the case now stands, the rebel agent in Canada, resid- 
ing in Sundwici), Colonel Jacob Thompson, has organized an expedition in 
Canatl a to seize American steamers. The steamers Philo Parsons ajid Island 
Queen were seized, and the latter sunk in American waters; the Philo Parsons 
plundeied while lying in British waters, off the town of Sandwich, an attempt 
made to sink her, and the persons employed in these acts are now residing in 
Can:i(iii uinier the protection of the British Government. 

Tlie United Stales Attorney has addressed a communication to our Consul at 
Windsor to call ujwn the authorities to arrest the jiersons committing these 
outrages, in anticip:U,ion of such a demand being made for their deliveiy, and 
afliduviis will be sent by him to the Secretary of State, and I had an interview 
thiH morning botli with hmi and Senator Howard, and everything is being 
adopied to phice ilie matter in proper legal shape before the Government and 
thu iiiiiish uiitliorities. 

Vory respectfully, your obedient servant, 

B. H. HILL, 
Lieut. Col. U. 6'. Artillery, Coinmanding Didrict, Mivhignn. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 153 

Office Military Commander, 

District of Michigan, 
Detroit, September 2 2d, 1864. 

Brigadier Oen. James B. Fry, Provost Marshal General, Washington, D. C: 

General: — I have tlie honor to transmit herewith a copy of a report, with 
accompanying pajers, made to the As.~istant Adjutant General of the Northern 
Department, in rehition to the i)roposed aUemi)t to capture the U. S. steamer 
Michigan, and the late piratical acts of the rebel refugees in Canada. The 
information I communicated to Cnptain Carter, commanding U. S. steamer 
Michigan, doubtless led to the arrest of Cole and others, and exploded the plot. 

The person who gave me the information writes me this morning from 
Windsor, and states that he has seen several of the parties connected in the 
raid, and among others Dr- Smith, wlio told him all connected with the affair. 
He learns that the peison who was to have met them at Kelly Island failed to 
be there. 

This party was to have given the latest information and instructions. The 
steamer Pliilo Parsons went within two miles of the steamer Michigan, and it 
was seen with their night glasses that the Michigan had changed her position 
to one that commanded the whole island. My informant also writes me that 
he thinks Colonel Jacob Thompson and the entire party engaged in seizing the 
Pliilo Parsons have left Windsor. 

The jierson who gave me tlie information states that he has been some years 
in the rebel army; that \w has been wounded three times, but that owing to 
injustice done him by Mr. Benjamin, Acting Secretary of War, in not advanc- 
ing him, he had left the south, and now entertains the most bitter hostility to 
the southern cause. He gave me what he stated as his real name, and informed 
me that he had been a prominent politician in Arkansas and Kentucky, and 
had twice run for Congress. * * ♦ * * 

I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, 

B. H. HILL, 
Lieut. Col. U. S. A., A. A. P. M. General. 

A case was at once made up and carried to Toronto by the Hon. Alfred 
Russell, of Detroit, the U. S. Distiict Attorney for Michigan, for the extradi- 
tion of Burley. The matter was conducted with much ability, and his extra- 
dition was successfully accomplished in the face of much opposition existing in 
the Canadian Provinces. 

Following is a correspondence with Mr. Russel which gives the result of his 
case in a court held in the State of Ohio: 

Military Departm:knt Michigan, ) 

Adjutant General's Office, [- 

Lansing, October 16ih, 1880. ) 

Hon. Alfred Russell, Detroit: 

Dear Sir: — Af- you were U. S. District Attorney in the extradition case of 
Bennet G. Burley, claiming to be an Acting Master in the navy of the so-called 
Confederate States, charged with crime in connection with seizing the Ameri- 
can steamer '"Philo Parsons," on September llith, 1863, with a view to liber- 
ating the rebel prisoners confined on Johnson's Island, Lake Erie, and 

20 



154 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

afterwards sinking her, and committing other unlawful acts, will you please 
make such a statement as you see fit regarding the case, and the final decision 

therein. 

Very respectfully, your most obedient servant, 

JNO. KOBERTSOlSr, 
Adjutant General Michigan. 

Detroit, October 18th, 1880. 
To John Robertson, Adjutant General Michigan, Lansing: 

Dear Sir: — I have your note of inquiry as to the termination of Bnrley's 
case. 

After I procured his extradition, it was found that the law creating such 
acts as his to be offenses triable in the U. S. courts, applied only to the high 
soas and not to the lakes. So it became necessary to try him under the State 
law of Ohio for robbery committed in that portion of the waters of Lake Erie 
which is included within the limits of Ottawa county. The trial took place at 
Port Clinton, the county seat. Mr. Koot, U. S. Attorney at Cleveland, and 
myself appeared for the prosecution, Sylvester Lamed, Esq., of Detroit, and 
Judge Runney, of Cleveland, for Burley. The court charged that the Con- 
federate States were belligerents, and that the commission of Jeff. Davis was 
entitled to be considered as making Burley's act an act of war, and that such 
act was not a private crime. The result was that the jury disagreed, and the 
prisoner was recommitted to the county jail to await another trial. 

Subsequently, through the aid of a class of persons then called '* Copper- 
heads," Burley broke jail and escaped to Scotland, his native country. 

His biography was afterwards published by John Lovell, bookseller, 
Montreal. 

I remain, dear General, vour obedient servant, 

ALFRED RUSSELL, 
Formerly TJ. S. District Atfy for Michigan. 



THE CAPTURE OF WILKES BOOTH. 



IMPRISONMENT AND TRIAL OF THE CONSPIRATORS. 

Michigan troops receive credit for many special acts in the field, and she 
claims others for some of her citizens and soldiers in connection with duties in 
the administration of justice in criminal affairs, among which, particularly, 
may be named the capture of John Wilkes Booth, the assassin of President 
Lincoln, and the trial, conviction, and execution of the other conspirators 
found guilty of conspiring to assassinate him and his cabinet. 

Regarding the capture of Booth, it may be stated that General L. C. Baker, 
a Michigan man (his father being an early pioneer of Clinton county), 
had been colonel of the 1st District of Columbia Cavalry, but which at the 
time of the assassination had been mustered out of service. Baker remaining 
as chief of the detective force at Washington, acting under the order? of the 
Secretary of War. At the time of the shooting of the President by Booth, in 
Ford's Theater, Washington, April 14th, 1865, General Baker and his cousin, 
L. B. Baker (now in the Auditor General's office at Lansing), who had served 
as a lieutenant in the cavalry referred to, and then serving in the detective 
force, were in New York city looking after bounty jumpers. Secretary Stan- 
ton telegraphed these two officers to come to Washington immediately. They 
arrived in Washington the morning of the third day after the terrible deed 
was committed. Cavalry had scoured the country in every direction for miles 
around Washington, and telegrams were sent over all the lines. General 
Baker gained all the information he could in regard to the route Booth and 
his accomplices would probably take, and concluded that they would go down 
the Potomac, taking in Surratsville, cross the river, and make their way to 
Richmond. He sent a telegraph operator and a detective down the river by 
boat to Port Tobacco and vicinity, with orders to tap the wires and let him 
know if there was any trace of the escaping fugitives. Near Chaj)pelle Point 
the detective found a negro, whom he brought to Washington, and who stated 
that he was positive he saw Booth and Harold, whom he knew well, cross the 
river in a fishing boat. At first the General discredited his statement, but on 
shoeing him several likenesses of the assassin and others, the colored man 
pointed out Booth and Harold as the men whom he saw. 



156 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

An escort of 25 cavaliviuen of tke 16th N. Y., under Captain Dorherty, 
'.vere placed at Lieutenant Baker's command, who had orders to "bring 
Booth, dead or alive." At the request of Lieutenant 6aker, Lieutenant 
Colonel E. J. Conger, lately lieutenant colonel of the 1st District Ctjiuuibia 
Cavalry, a brother of Congressman 0. D. Conger, an ex]ierienced cavalry 
officer, wiio had just been mustered out of the U. S. service, was added to the 
party. Colonel Conger had raided the country in every direction, and was 
\ ihijible on account of his familiarity with the roads and for his undaunted 
coiirao-e and bravery. The party went on board the tug John S. Ide and 
steamed down to Belle Plain, near the mouth of Acquia creek. They landed 
ciijuut 10 o'clock at night, and at once commenced the search, which tliey con- 
tinued vigorously, moving rapidly from place to place, getting such slight 
iiifortuiition as they could force at the point of the revolver from parties wliom 
liiey mot, but sufficient to warrant the pursuit, which was followed across the 
Happahannock at the ferry near Foit Conway, and thence to what was known 
us the Garrett place. Theie they found Booth and Harold concealed in a 
barn, and demanded their suriender, wtiich Harold soon complied with, but 
Booth declined, thieatening to IJuhtaud defend himself with arms until death, 
wiiich necessitated the firing of the building, and while it was burning Booth 
was shot through a crevice in the back wall of the barn by Boston Coibett, a 
Sergeant of the cavaliy force-. Colonel Conger gave Corbett a stinging repri- 
mand and said to him, '* Why did you shoot without orders?" The sergeant 
saluted the colonel, and, with his right hand pointing upwards, replied, -'God 
Almighty directed me to shoot." Booth was carried to the dwelling house 
riear by, but lived only for a short time, and when death came the body was 
sewed up in a blanket, placed in a wagon, and the party started on their way 
to Washington, on reaching which the body was delivered to Secretary of War 
Stanton, who oidered it placed in the Navy Yard, when, ou being lully idenii- 
liod, it w;u5 buried in a grave dug under the stone floor of a cell iu one of the 
buildings. 

During the imprisonment and trial, in 1865, of the parties charged with 
conspiring to assassinate President Lincoln and his cabinet, Michigan officers 
held important trusts. General Hartranft being detached from the 9th Army 
<;<irp8, Army of the Potomac, by the Secretary of War, to take command of 
liic Old Washington Arsenal, where the prisoners were confined, selected 
Major Richard A. Watts, of the 17th Michigan, who had been serving on his 
hialT, to accompany him on that duty as Acting Assistant Adjutant General, 
ami wiio was directed by the General to recommend another faithful officer, 
and he named Captain Chrislian Halh, of the same regiment, both of wlmin 
rendered imi)ortant service during the imprisonment, trial, and execution of 
tho conspirators. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 



P^RT II. 



IN THE FIELD. 



' For with a common shriek, the general tongue 
Exclaimed 'To Arms,' and fast to arms they sprung. 

And valor woke that Genius of the land! 
Pleasure, and ease, and sloth aside he flung, 

As burst th' awakening Nazarite his band, 
When 'gainst his treaciieruus lues he clenched his dreadful hand." 



PREFACE. 



The publication of the history of the services of Michigan troops in the war 
of the rebellion has long been a desire of the compile)', and \viiiie it has been 
apparent to all and universally admitted that such a work should be accom- 
plished, yet the subject has so far failed to receive the full attention its merits 
demand. This has induced him to attempt its production, although in under- 
taking it he is fully aware that much more responsibility has been assumed 
than is successfully or satisfactorily met, and he is very sensible of the fact 
that the subject is worthy of a more capable compiler. 

No attempt is made to place Michigan in advance of any other State in the 
general effort to save the union, no more being assumed for her in this respect 
than to assert an equality with all the other States, and certainly no superior 
claim is set up for the part taken by her troops in the war over others. Tiie 
only effort made has been to give in as truthful a manner as possible a histoi y 
of their service, there leaving the matter. 

But Michigan may justly claim in all candor unquestionable and universal 
loyalty, persistent and constant determination to maintain tlie life of the nation 
and the honor of the flag. No troops in all the armies gave stronger proofs of 
true courage or were more efiicient or patriotic. 

Mucli time has been devoted to reach a truthful record of their services, and 
although it has required arduous and continuous labor, yet in its accomplish- 
ment there has been a degree of pleasure which has encouraged and greatly 
strengthened the desire to arrive at final success. 

The work has in the main been niade from the records of the State Military 
Department, the written reports of commanding officers on file, while recourse 
has also been had to correspondence written from the field at the time to the 
Detroit Tribune and Free Press and other papers of the country, while extracts 
have been made from various histories of the war, all of which have proved of 
great value in making up the work. 

The authority given by the Legislature for the compilation contemplated a 
reference to Official reports on file in the War Department at Washington, but 
this has not been done, as tiiat department declined to furnisli cu])ics or permit 
them to be made, notwitiistaiiding application was duly forwarded to the 
Adjutant General of the army for that purpose. 



IGU PREFACE. 

Although debarred from this valuable source of information, resulting 
nndonbtedlv in the omission of many items of interest, yet from the fullness 
of the reports of the State Military Department, which have been acknowl- 
edged to be at least as complete as those of any other State, it is expect&d that 
the history of the services of the Michigan troops in its make-up will maintain 
a favorable position, especially as the Michigan reports, in a critical com- 
parison with those of other States, have received at the hands of the public 
press and other reviewers most commendatory notices, placing them equal with 
any and superior to most. 

As an instance of this are inserted the following extracts from a review of 
the various State reports published in 1869 by Henry B. Dawson, editor of the 
"Historical Magazine," at Morrisania, New York city, a most severe but a 
just and impartial critic: 

" We are indebted to General Eobertson, the Adjutant General of the State for the 
foregoing very complete series of the war record of Michigan — a record of which Michigan 
may very justly be proud, both because of its substance and of the admirable manner in 
which it has been presented to the world. 

"The Adjutant General's reports for 1860 and 1861 are biief ; yet the latter contained 
a sketch of the organization of the older regiments of the line and a roster of their offi- 
cers. The report for 1862 continues the general narrative of the labors of the Depart- 
ment, and, ui addition, commences a series of historical sketches of the several regiments 
from that State, in which are displayed their services, losses, hsts of their commissioned 
oflloers, then- condition at the dates of their last returns, the changes in their officers dur- 
ing tlie year, etc. A supplement is appended to this report in which are noticed all the 
casualties of every kind among the troops from that State — a terrible record of the stub- 
born defense of their countiy by the men of Michigan. The reports for 1863, 1864, and 
1865-6, continue the grim record, in steadily increasing completeness — more complete. 
Indeed, than any other similar annual record which we have seen, save that of Maine. 

" As wo have said, this series of reports is honorable to Michigan, both because of the 
character of its material and of the mode of presenting it. There is really very little to be 
desired L>y u student that is not there." 



INTRODUCTION. 



During the life of the republic, and especially during the war of the rebellion, 
the National flag has been gallantly defended, protected, and maintained, but 
perhaps never under such circumstances, or against such fearful odds, as was 
the flag of Sumter, and certainly never, while initiating an era, involving such 
momentous results. 

" We spiked the guns we left behind, and cut the flagstaff down — 
From its top should float no color, if it might not hold our own." 

From Fort Moultrie, in the darkness of the night, a little baud of heroes 
betake themselves to boats, bid farewell to their union home, and seek another 
in Charleston bay, reaching Sumter, long ere the dawn had come, and at 
noon, on their knees in prayer, they again fling to the breeze the stars and 
stripes of Moultrie. Many days this little band witnessed the frowning batter- 
ies arise all around them. At length the rebel work of preparation is complete ; 
they are summoned to surrender. Anderson replies, "Neither my sense of 
honor, nor my obligation to the government will permit me to comply." The 
flag that had been lowered with the coining on of night, is raised in the heavens. 
The posterns are closed. The men sit down in darkness to wait the coming 
shock. With the early dawn comes the expected shot, and, like the deep 
thunder, aw.ikes the morning echoes, and rolls over the trembling waters of 
the bay. !No single shot before ever bore such destinies on its darkened flight. 

They defend it for days. The fortress is fired with hot shot and exploding 
shell ; the walls crumbling ; the last biscuit gone ; the main gate burned down ; 
the conilict hopeless; still Anderson stands unmoved amid the wreck. The 
magazine is on fire; the shell explode; the flagstuff is shot away; but in a rain 
of shot and shell it is nailed to the ramparts, and the flag waves defiantly 
until saluted by union guns, when the iirave men marcli ont to the music of 
the union, under the glorious "Old Flag," lowered, but not surrendered. 

Note. — In the gallant defense of S;:nitor, Michigan was reprosontod in First Lieuten- 
ant Norman J. Hall, 5th U. S. Artillery, agradnat(> of West Point, nppoiiited from Miehi- 
gaii and assigned as Brevet 2d Lieutenant to the Fourth U. S. Artillery, July 1st, 1859. 
Li July, 18C2, he. was commissioned as Colonel 7th Miehigan Infantry, and commanded a 
brigade in which his regiment was serving at Frederielcsbuig in 18G2. When volunteers 
were callid for to place the ponlouus and uiiike a cro-.sing at that point, Colonel Hull des- 
ignated the 7th Michigan and lUth Massachubctts, when a succesbful result was accom- 
plished. 

21 



I(j2 INTRODUCTION. 

Soon they are afloat on their ocean home, and the flag of Sumter flutters 
proudly from the mast of the Baltic. 

That unparalleled defense established the highest standard of patriotism and 
bravery, nerving every soldier to emulate the example. It planted in tl^e true 
American heart strong faith in the final success of the Union cause, while the 
replacement of the identical flag on the ruins, after four years of a gigantic 
and vigorous war, ending in a complete victory, was a glorious triumph for the 
"Old Flag." 

The first rebel gun fired from Sumter (April 12th, 1861), the tocsin of the 
gigantic and wicked rebellion, tlie key-note of civil war, had been heard all 
over the land, the National banner had been insulted by the fire of treason's 
batteries, and struck from its proud perch, when the loyal young men of 
Michigan sprang, as if by magic, to arms, to defend and maintain the National 
Union and protect its flag, to sustain the honor of their State and maintain 
their own glorious birthright as freemen. They vowed to God and their native 
land, and pledged their arms and their lives that the beloved flag of their 
country should again wave triumphantly on the walls of Sumter, and over 
every State and inch of ground in the Union, and that the Kepublic should be 
saved and forever preserved. 

When the surrender of the South Carolina fortress became known through- 
out the land, the entire State of Michigan was alive to the emergencies and 
duties of the hour, and the uprising of the people was universal, and unparal- 
leled in history. Flags waved from every public building and private dwelling, 
alike on the palace and on the cot, while the drum beat to the music of the 
Union, from our southern border to the far off and craggy shores of our great 

lakes. 

" Trumpet, and ensign, and drum-beat are calling, 

From hillside and valley, from mountain and river, 
* Forward the tta^!' e'en though heroes are falling, 
Our God will His own chosen standard deliver. 

*• ' Union and Freedom I' our war-cry is rolling, 

Now o'er the prairie, now wide o'er the billow. 
Hark! 'tis the battle, and soon will be tolling 
The knell of the soldier who rests 'neath the willow. 

" Banner triumphant' though grand is thy story, 
We'll stamp on thy folds in this struggle to-day, 
Deeds of our armies, transcending in glory, 
The bravest yet chanted in poesy's lay. 

" Wise were our fathers, and brave in the battle, 
But treason uprises their Union to sever. 
Eouse for the light! shout loud 'mid war's rattle. 
The Union must triumph, must triumph forever!"* 

The call of Al)niliam Lincoln as it swept over the wires from land's end to 
land's end, received a patriotic and prompt response from the loyal hearts of 
the people of Michigan; the ranks of her battalions were filled on the first 
aliirm, the privilege of bearing arms in them being at a premium. With 

• riB(f iionK of MlrhlRnn Stale tro<.).s In ISGl, l)y D. Bethunel>unield! 



INTKODUCTION. 163 

remarlsable promptness, her first gallant regiment, armed, clothed, equipped, 
and fully appointed, left the State to meet the enemies of Amei'ican liberty, 
the first to reach the National Capital from west of the Allegliany Mountains, 
and was among the first troops which crossed Long Bridge into Viririnia, and 
composed a part of the command that captured Alexandria, the first city taken 
from the rebels. 

The Michigan "Contingent" in the war was largely made up of men who 
enlisted for three years, und were mainly from the more respectable and indus- 
trious of the community. Leaving the pisaceful avocations of civil life, these 
men were disciplined into soldiers and converted into heroes, sometimes even 
during the operations and emergencies of a single campaign. Patient and 
obedient under the most rigid discipline, persistuuc and enduring on the lou"- 
and tedious march, cheerful and untiring in the trenches, apt in experiment, 
and most ingenious in construction, they added to all these qnalilicatiuns and 
merits true courage in the field, while almost every important action has illus- 
trated their heroism, and almost every battle-field is consecrated with their 
blojd. Their services were eagerly sought for by all the best generals — wliether 
to construct a defense, lead a "forlorn hope," or charge a battery. 

Michigan troops, prominent at the onset of the rebellion, were in at its death. 
They were among those who, under the c(»mmand of the brave and lamented 
Eichardsou, first opened fire on the rebels, in the vicinity of Bull Eun, at 
Blackburn's Ford. They were with General McClellan in West Virginia, in 
the first year of the war, and were in South Carolina and Georgia in 1SG2, and 
during that year served with the Army of the Potomac on the peninsula and in 
Maryland, with General Banks in the Shenandoah Valley, in Virginia under 
General Burnside, in Louisiana under General Butler, and in Missouri with 
General Pope and Colonel Mulligan. 

In 1863 they bore a conspicuous and gallant part in the ever memorable 
campaigns under General Hooker in Virginia, and General Meade in Pennsyl- 
vania, at the defense of Knoxville by General Burnside, at the capture of 
Vicksburg by General Grant, and on the celebrated Kilpatrick raid against Rich- 
mond. They were also engaged in the campaign of General Eosecrans against 
Chattanooga, and were actively employed in the field at various points in Ten- 
nessee, Mississippi, Kentucky, and Louisiana, under other generals. 

In 1804-5 they were with General Grant on his great n)arch against Eich- 
mond, and bravely participated in most of the hard fought battles of that 
eventful campaign. They were also with General Sherman on his remarkable 
march from Chattanooga to the sea, and were prominently engaged in most of 
his memorable and successful battles, and with General Sheridan in his match- 
less encounters with the enemy in the valley of the Shenandoah, where their 
sabres flashed in every battle. They took part in the gallant defense of Nash- 
ville by General Thomas, and were with Generals Stoneman and Wilson on 
their raids into North Carolina and Georgia. They were also at tho capture of 
Mobile, and served in Texas and Utah Territory during a jiart of 1805-6. 



164 INTRODUCTION. 

Michigan was well repiescuted at the surrender of Lee and Johnston— th& 
termination and death of the rebellion,— and a Michigan regiment captured 
the President of the so-called Confederacy, Jefferson Davis, in his inglorious- 
flight to escape deserved punishment for his infamous treason and rebellion. 

Michigan troops in all the campaigns and battles in which they participated 
were most reliable, conspicuously brave, and gallant. In every position in 
wliich they were placed they were true, self-sacrificing, patient under hardship,, 
murmuring not, meeting death by exposure, starvation, and cruel treatment in 
rebel prisons, and many more by rebel bullets in sanguinary strife. 

Aside from their acknowledged bravery and efficiency in battle, they were in 
a most remarkable manner entrusted with posts of honor and great responsi- 
bility, which could scarcely have been accidental, but with a purpose. 

From the beginning of the war until its end, Michigan soldiers evinced a 
most persistent determination to fight on, until all rebels in arms against the 
Government should be conquered and subdued, and, if needs be, utterly 
destroyed, so that their country might live. That determination they most 
successfully carried out; the met the enemy in his "last ditch," and he was 
theirs; they compelled him to lay down his rebellious arms, to beg for quarter, 
peace, and even for bread, and submit, unconditionally, to the terms of their 
dictation. Having done that, the troops of Michigan returned to their homes, 
as the conquerois of the enemies of their country, the preservers of their 
Nation, receiving the plaudits and gratitude of their fellow countrymen, and 
of every friend of freedom and humanity throughout the world. 

The armies of no other nation, even after many years of the training which 
war brings with it, have evinced so marvelous a development of soldierly 
qualities as characterized the American troops during their comparatively 
short term of service. The annals of the times will rear an imperishable 
monument to the patriotism of all the States which in the Nation's peril gave 
their sons in the conflict, and the honor of one will be among the precious 
possessions of the others; but it will be for Michigan to cherish with peculiar 
|.iide and tenderness the remembrance and the fame of tl)e gallant band of 
patriots who, in the fiercest struggle of modern warfare, and among comrades 
uf equal worth and bravery, while preserving the National life and integrity, 
have reflected undying lustre upon her own escutcheon. 

And while we claim gallant t-ervices and noble deeds for Michigan troops, 
we nuifit acknowledge and award bravery to their opponents. However much 
we may coudenin their cause and repudiate their action, we must accord them 
a degree of courage and gallantry in battle worthy of Anicricans. For, 
althon;;h for the Federals in blue was reserved the laurel, they shared with the 
(.'(.nfctU'ratc.- in gray the cypress, and while we claim the rose for the graves 
of our dead, we may afford to concede to theirs the lily. 

*' Fr(>m our ilead foomcn comes no chiding forth; 
AVf 11<> lit iieiKM'. HcaviMi has no ooulh or north; 
AVith roots of tiocs and llowors and fern and heather, 
God icachfB down, and claspd our hands together. " 



FIRST INFANTRY— THREE MONTHS. 



PBOCLAMATION. 

Whereas, The President of the United States has made a requisition upon the State of 
Michigan for military aid in enforcing the laws and upholding the Constitution and the 
Union of the United States; 

And whereas, The laws of this State already authorize the raising of two regiments of 
militia for the service of the federal government; 

And Whereas, Said laws contemplate that the uniformed volunteers shall first be called 
in such exigencies; 

Now, therefore, the Adjutant General of this State is hereby authorized to accept the 
services of ten companies of infantiy, to be mustered into the service of the United States 
for three months (unless sooner disbanded). 

'J o this end, the companies of the uniformed volunteer militia that may desire to tender 
their services will forthwith report, through their company commanders, to the Adjutant 
General at Detroit, the names of company officers, and the number of thek" rank and (ile, 
ready for service; the number, kind Jiud condition of their arms; and the number of offi- 
cers and men already in uniform, the kind of uniform, and the number in want of uniform. 

Out of the whole number of companies, the Adjutant General will first select ten com- 
panies for immediate service. The companies which may be accepted will be required to 
fill up, according to the following schedule: 

For each company — one captain, one first lieutenant, one second lieutenant, four ser- 
geants, four corporals, two musicians, and sixty-five privates; 

All companies formed and to be formed will be instructed and put in a serviceable 
condition as soon as possible, and will at once begin drilling according to " Hardee's 
Tactics." 

Those not immediately required will be formed into one or more additional regiments, 
as the exigencies of the service may demand. 

It is confidently expected that the patriotic citizen soldiery of Michigan will promptly 
come forward to enlist in the cause of the Union, against which an extensive rebellion in 
arms exists, threatening the integrity and perpetuity of the government. 

The Adjutant General will issue and enforce the necessary orders to carry out the 
•objects of this Proclamation. 

Given at Detroit, this sixteenth day of April, A. D. 1861. 

AUSTIN BLAIK, 
JoNN Robertson, Governor and Commander-in-Chief. 

Adjutant General, 

Under this proclamation the first Regiment Infantry (three mouths) was 
recruited and organized to comply with the requisition of the President of the 
United States for one regiment fiom Michigan as her quota of the ninety 
thousand men required under the first call for troops to suppress the rebellion 
then fully inaugurated. 

The provision of law, giving the uniformed militia preference on the iirst 
call, was a privilege which together with the great desire to serve the country at 
that time made the membership of these companies a highly valued position. 



166 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

and numerous propositions were made and sums of money offered as a premium 
to relinquish in favor of outsiders, but tliey were invariably declined. 

As contemplated by the militia law referred to, the uniformed companies had 
the preference of service, and in accordance therewith the selection ol' com- 
paniea was made pursuant to the following order : 

MILITAEY DEPARTMENT MICHIGAN, ) 

Adjutant Genebal's Office, '>• 

Detroit, Michigan, April 24, 1861. ) 

GENERAL ORDER No. 5. 

I. The First Brigade Michigan Infantry is hereby organized. A. S. Williams to be 
Brigadier- General. 

II. The following officers are appointed to the First Regiment Michigan Infantiy: 
Orlando B. Willcox to be Colonel ; Lorin L. Comstock to be Lieutenant- Colonel ; A. F- 

Bidwell to be Major. 

III. The following will constitute the companies of the Regiment, viz. : 

Detroit Light Guard. Steuben Guard. Ypsilanti Light Guard. 

Jackson Greys. Michigan Hussars. Marshall Light Guard. 

Coldwater Cadets. Burr Oak Guard. Hardee Cadets. 

Manchester Union Guard. 

IV. The Captains of these Companies will report forthwith by letter to their Colonel at 
Detroit, and await his orders before moving. 

V. The Colonel will, in orders, designate the letters of the Companies and the rank of 
the Captains, respectively, and complete the organization. 

VI. The Coldwater Light Artillery will hereafter be designated as Company A of the 
First Regiment Michigan Artillerj'. This Company will forthwith proceed to Detroit for 
duty with the First Regiment of Infantry. 

The Captain will report, on their arrival, to Colonel Willcox. The Quartermaster 
General will complete their outfit at the earliest practicable period, and for this purpose 
he will order the necessary guns, caissons, liarness, sabres, and other equipments to be 
turned over at once to the Captain of Company A by other Companies, without delay. 

VII. According to the published notices of the different railroads in the State, the 
Michigan Troops will, with their arms, horses, and ammunition, be transported free of 
charge. 

VIII. A sufficient number of Companies having reported, the second Reguuent of 
Infantry will be immediately organized. 

By Order of the Commander-in-Chief. 

JOHN ROBERTSON, 

Adjutant General, 

The companies reported for duty without the least delay, and as fast as they 
could reacli Detroit by rail, when the regiment was at once rapidly put in 
condition for the lield. 

On the 17th of April a dispatch was received from the War Department that 
it would not be required until the 20th of May. 

The organization of the regiment was completed, however, on the ^9th of 
April, and on May 1st it was mustered into the service of the United States, 
7yti strong, awaiting orders from the War Department. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Colonel. Orlando B. Willcox (f(»rmerly of the regular army), Detroit. Lieutenant-Col- 
n'l, Lon-n L. Comstock, Adrian. Major, Alonzo F. IMdwell, Coldwater. Surgeon, 

Willjiim iJrodie. Detroit. Assihtunt Surgeon, Cyrus Smith, Jackson. Adjutant, John D. 

Fuirbuiiks, Detroit. Quurtermastor, Edward Grey, Detroit. 

Note.— The BtafT of Gcnonil Wlllinnis wns compos(>d of William D. Wilkins, Briyade 
Majur and Itihpr.t.T, and Henry U. Whittlesey, Aid-de-Camp, both of Detroit, ' who- 
aftfiwardii sorved on his btalT in the Held. 



on< 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 167 

Following are the companies with their officers as mustered into service: 

A. Captain, Charles M. Lum, Detroit. First Lieutenant, John D. Fairbanks, Detroit. 
Second Lieutenant, William A. Throop, Deli'oit. 

B. Captain, William H. Withingion, Jaolisou. First Lieutenant, Eben B. Griffith, 
Jackson. Second Lieutenant, G. Collins Lyon, Jackson. 

C. Captain, Ebenezer Butter worth, Coldwater. First Lieutenant, Charles E. Eggles- 
ston, Coldwater. Second Lieutenant, George H. Eggleston, Coldwater. 

D. Captain, Isaac L. Clarkson, Manchester. First Lieutenant, John D. Merethew, 
Manchester. Second Lieutenant, Thomas Rix, Manchester. 

E. Captain, William F. Koth, Ann Arbor. First Lieutenant, George C. Mogk, Ann 
Arbor. Second Lieutenant, John T. Sinclair, Ann Arbor. 

F. Captain, Horace S. Roberts, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Bernhard Mauch, Detroit. 
Second Lieutenant, Joseph P. Sanger, Detroit. 

G. Captain, Ira C. Abbott, Burr Oak. Fii'st Lieutenant, John M. Casey, Burr Oak. 
Second Lieutenant, Charles Moase, Burr Oak. 

H. Captain, Frankhn W. Whittlesey, Ypsilanti. First Lieutenant, David A. Wise> 
Ypsilanti. Second Lieutenant, Marvin A. Parkes, Ypsilanti. 

I. Captain, Deville Hubbard, Marshall. First Lieutenant, Selden H. Gorham, Marshall. 
Second Lieutenant, Hiram S. Warner, Marshall. 

K. Captain, William H. Graves, Adrian. Fiist Lieutenant, John W. Horner, Adrian. 
Second Lieutenant, William House, Adrian. 

On tlie formation of tlie regiment the companies received a designation by 
letter: Detroit Light Guard, A. Jackson Greys, B. Coldwater Cadets, C. 
Manchester Union Guard, D. Steuben Guard, Ann Arbor, E. Michigan 
Hussars, Detroit, F. Burr Oak Guard, G. Ypsilanti Light Guard, H. Mar- 
shall Light Guard, I, and the Hardee Cadets, K. 

The make-up of the companies was composed of young men from all pro- 
fessions and trades, and really embraced a class of the most respectable of the 
community; many of them imbued with considerable knowledge of military 
bearing and discipline, as a result of the example from time to time afforded 
them in their contact with the regular aiiny, so long stationed in several por- 
tions of Michigan; and aside from this, many of them had received instruction 
and training from oflKcers who iuid served in the regular army and in the first 
unifornu'd company of the State, and the best military coujpany in the North- 
west for many yeais, the Bnuly Guard, organized at Detroit in 1836, from 
which source, although it had been long out of service, could be traced many 
of the valuable traits in the make-up and discipline of nearly all the citizen 
soldiery of the State at the out-break of the rebellion, and continuing to be 
visible throughout the entire war. 

This training had been so infused into the membership of the companies of 
this regiment that it became more and more observable and valuable a* the war 
progressed, affording an almost continuous supply of oilieers from the ranks, 
not only for the companies of their own rtgiment, but for otliers, as many of 
them were commissioned and trauslerred to other regiments, the "Detroit 
Light Guard" alone having supplied over thirty officers, while the other com- 
l)anies furnished their proportion, many of these officers attaining a high rank 
in tlie service, thus presenting one of the strongest evidences of the value of a 
proper training of the militia of the country in time of peace. 

On May 13ili the regiment having received orders left Fort Wayne for the 
front in command of Colonel Willcox, well uniformed, fully equipped with arms 
and amiminiiion ready for the field, arriving on the 16ih in Washington. 

Prior lo leaving Detroit, the ladies i)resented the regiment on the Campus 
Manius with a silken flag of very fine material. Addresses were uiade on behalf 



168 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

of the ladies by Henry A. Morrow and D. Bethune Duffield, Esqs., to which 
Colonel Willcox replied in a speech full of genuine patriotism. 

•• Let the flag of our country float proudly on high, 
And its stars shed their lustre around, 
Till not a cloud of secession be seen on the sky, 
Till not a foe to our country be found." 

The call for troops had not been long expected, and came suddenly, conse- 
quently the regiment was from this circumstance hurriedly organized and 
hastily equipped, but it took the held in advance of the time designated by the 
Government when its services would be required. 

In its equipment, which was complete, it was determined that it should 
leave the State for the field in a condition to move immediately to the front, 
ready to go into action at once, if necessary, the example of neighboring States 
not being followed, where their regiments were hastily pushed off without uni- 
form or equipments, and in consequence were detained at points on the way to 
await the necessary eciuipment to enable them to take the field in a serviceable 
condition, accounting to some extent for the Michigan regiment being the first 
to reach Washington from a Western State. 

Ill fact it may be a question whether or not the splendid condition of this 
regiment when it left the State did not, to some extent at least, contribute to 
the high standard of Michigan troops in their appearance and equipment 
throughout the war; at least the encomiums it received from all quarters on 
its way to the front, especially from the western regiments at Harrisburg 
awaiting cquijimcnt, w;is u source of much gratification to those who liad aided 
in its equipment, and nerved them for a like course regarding Michigan tioops 
in general. 

It is well established that the Michigan troops in passing through the cities of 
neighboring States attracted tlie attention and received the praise of the people 
and of the public press, at the same time very unfavorable notices of tlieir own 
troops in a comparison with those of Michigan. As an example, the lollowini; 
articles from papers are inserted : 

The Cleveland Plaindealer says of the 1st Regiment: 

"A great many of our citizens visited them and expressed admiration of the men and 
the very adniiiable manner in which they had been armed and equipped lor service by 
ihoir Kiate. The comparison between the action of Michigan and that of Ohio was not at 
all nattering." 

Tlie Baltimore American said : 

"The Michigan regiment attracted general attention and commendation by their solid 
appearance and well-disciplined movements, a la Hardee. It was composed almost 
entirely of young, steady, and intelligent-looking men, and it appeared to be capitally 
ofllceietl. They were exceedi:!gly well equipped, thanks to the liberality of the State of 
Micliigan, wliieli luid furnished them with an entire outfit from head to foot, and were 
armed with new minie guns. 

" I ho rennbylvaniauB were armed with the old percussion lock musket." 

A toneepondent of the IS. Y. Post, writing from Washington under the 

dale of May 17tli, says: 

"The Michigan Hiflo Eegiment came into town about 10 o'clock last niiiht, marching 
from the depoi up the avenue to Eleventh street. They were preceded "by a splendid 
band of muhic. which soon aroused our citizens, and long before they had reached the 
quarterH uh-.signed ihem liundreds of people were out to give them welcome. The 
■ •uiluihiaHin of tlie crowd was irrepressible, /or thin was (he first ueslern regiment which 
had arrived at the Capital." 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 109 

The regiment reached Washington at a critical time, when Confederate 
troops flaunted their flag on Arlington Heights, claiming detlantly equality 
with the old banner of freedom floating from the National Capitol, when rebel 
pickets patroled the banks of the Potomac and bivouacked under the old trees 
thai shiide the grave of Washington. Being the first western regiment to 
reach Washington, its presence gave much encouragement to those in 
autiiority, and aided much in establishing confidence regarding the safety of 
the Capital, while the cheers of the loyal tiiousands greeted them as American 
patriots and as friends iii a time of great need. President Lincoln received 
them amid an immense and interested concourse of i)eople, and while he 
praised them for soldier-like appearance, he comidimented the State for 
patriotism, and through them thanked it for so prompt a response. 

Willcox soon after led the advance of the Union forces into Virginia, cross- 
ing Long Bridge, driving in the rebel pickets, entering and taking possession 
of Alexandria on the 24th of May, while Ellsworth, with his New York Zou- 
aves, entered it about the same time by steamer. 

The regiment captured a troop of rebel cavalry numbering about one hun- 
dred and fifty, with their horses and equipments, and at once took possession 
of the railroad depot. 

Colonel Willcox, under date of Alexandria, May 24th, 5.30 A. M., reports 
to General Mansfield : 

"Alexandria is ours. One company. Captain Ball, mounted, thirty-five 
men and thirty-five horses, captured. I regret to say Colonel Ellsworth has 
been shot by a person in a house." 

Soon after the 1st passed into Virginia, and while it was encamped on 
Sutor'sHill, near Alexandria, a National standard was sent to it by Lieutenant 
Thomas l\ix, which was })iesented to the regiment by citizens of Michigan 
then residing in Washington. 

This flag was saved from capture at Bull llun and brought from the field by 
Cori)oral Thomas Flynn, of Company G, who was honored with carrying it on 
the first dress parade following. It was brought back to Michigan with the 
regiment, and is now deposited in the State archives. Flynn was afterwards a 
captain in the 11th Michigan Infantry, and killed at Stone Eiver January 1st, 
1863. 

The regiment was assigned to Heintzelman's division, and at the battle of 
Bull Kun was in command of Major Bidweil, and serving in the brigade of 
Colonel Willcox. 

It became hotly engaged early in the battle, pressing the enemy with great 
gallantry, fighting bravely and stubbornly, but losing heavily, both in killed, 
wounded, and prisoners. 

The gallant charge of the Fire Zouaves upon one of the heaviest of the rebel 
batteries was without avail, and they were compelled to fall back. The 1st 
Michigan then advanced and promptly took their places, charging in double 
quick upon the battery once and again in splendid style but without success. 
A third time they pushed forward, but were again driven back by the terrific 
tire of the enemy; again the attack was renewed, the brave men rallying for 
the fourth time to their deadly work, but the battery could not be taken, and 
they retired under a severe fiie, losing in the action, according to the ollicial 
report of Major BiJwell, made at the time, 6 killed and died of wounds, 4 
oflicers and 33 men wounded, 5 officers and 65 meu missing, 52 of wliom were 
taken prisoners. 
22 



170 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

Anioncr the wounded were Captain Butterworth and Lieutenants Mauch and 
Caeev who fell into rebel bauds and died in prison of their wounds. 
"^ CJlouel W.ncox and Captain Withiugtou were also made pnso^^^^^^^^^ 
former being wounded. They were captured on the field by PiestQU s 28 h 
Virginia Kegiment of Cocke's Brigade, and were he d as pnsoners until 
exchanged, the former on August 17th, 1862, and the latter on January dOth, 
1862. 

The following is the report of Major A. F. Bidwell: 

Headquakteks Fikst Eegiment Michigan Infantrt, | 
Washington City, July 25th, 2661. ) 

SiP.:-I have the honor to submit the follo^^■ing report of the operations of the First 
Eetriinent Michigan Infantry, on the 21st instant, at the battle of BuU Eun. 

At^fso o^c ock'of that morning the regiment left its bivouac and was m.position, with the 
other regiments of Colonel Willcos's brigade, prepared for the advance. At 6 o clock the 
?orwa.^ movement commenced, and about 12 o'clock noon after f 1°"^^' ^f P"L?X\7J 
rnada thick with dust and where but a scant supply of water could be obtamed. the regi- 
ment i^s ha ed w h the brigade in a field to the right of the road leading from Centre- 
Sne Tnd on the right of the enemy's entrenchments. After a bne rest the regiment, 
together with Arnold's battery, moved across the road ^nd took position in a wheat field; 
the other regiments composing the brigade having moved towards the battle field. _ But a 
short time elapsed when the regiment was ordered forward, arid at a double quick was 
hastened to the scene of action to support the Fire Zouaves, who had charged and fallen 
back Moving in column by platoon along the slope of the hill under the fire of the enemy s 
batteries we lost one color-bearer and several of our men. Ihe regiment was here filed 
to the left along a ravine, then marched up the hUl and formed m Ime of battle near the 
summit, directlV in front of the enemy's position. The regiment was at once ordered to 
charge and moVcd gallantlv on, exposed to a sharp fire, up to a fence mtervening between 
it and the enemy's works. " Here some little confusion occurred, the position of the enemy 
not beuig clearly understood, so rapid had been our movements, and the regiment halted, 
firing and loading under cover of the fence. An order given at this time not clearly heard, 
a portion of the line fell back to re-load. They were at once rallied back to the fence 
when the regiment was reformed in line of battle and led by Colonel WiUcox m advance of 
our center, the regiment, responding to the w ave of his cap with a cheer, cleared the fence 
and cliiuged down the slope upon the enemy's battery. 

A heavy and well-du-ected fire was at once opened upon us from his batteries and by 
hib uifantry, screened by the woods on both our flanks. The regiment moved bravely on, 
tlie firing becoming very destructive. The enemy being hid from view and their fire 
coining irom every direction, the line was broken and the men in detachments, guided by 
ihiiir olliccrs when the eneujy could be distmguished, loaded and fired with the utmost 
coohicbs and precision. At this point lieavy masses of the enemy advanced along the road 
near tlieir battery to our right unci. Hanking -us, their fire became actually murderous. 
T»ie men stood it coolly, and advancing, divided as they were, into the line of the woods, 
unbwcred his fire. The enemy's fire heing continuous from every quarter, their infantry 
udvuncing on us through the woods in great force, our officers and men falling all about 
us, thi! regiment unsupported in rear or fiank, there was but one thing to be done, and, 
gaUiLMing wliat we couid about the colors we fell back and re-ascended the acclivity to the 
bput fn.m whrnce our first charge was made. Here we rallied as many of the men of the 
regim.-nt us was possible, and endeavored to collect stragglers from other regiments. 

In the hope tlmt we could more successfully stop fugitives by rctiruig more from the 
line of lire, w.^ f.'ll buck and continued our efforts to re-form. The enemy now appearing 
ill overwlieluilng strength on the light, we moved to our bivouac of the morning, near 
Conlrovilie, which wan (jccupied by the regiment in comparatively good order. 

Art.-r two or llirt-c houib' rest, in obedience to orders, the regiment took up the lino of 
iiiHii.li in gixid order lor Washington. 

JiicloM'd 1 truiibinit a list of casualties of the day. The loss is heavy, and occurred 
iiiobily ill front of the enemy's butteries. The loss of the officers is N^ery large, propor- 
lionuiely, to the men, and is sufficient proof not only of their gallantry, but of the mur- 
cleiouH flit) that lh«.' H'ghiient sustained. No troops could have maintained their formation 
for any li-nglh of time iiiuior such a fire. Hurried into action alter a march of twelve 
iiiilfb oviT uii 4'XciMMiingiy dusty road, with but little water and no time for rest and 
K'ficHhmi'nt, our fatigiKil men evinced a courage, coolness, and endurance that entitle 

tiM'ln 111 till- liiglR'bt pndbO. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 171 

The regiment went into the action four hundred and seventy-five men and twentv-five 
commissioned officers strong, and returned with a loss of nine officers and one hundred 
and eight men killed, wounded, and missing, being a proportion of loss of one-third of the 
officers and one-fifth of the men lost or injured in the vicissitudes of the day 

Of the fate of Colonel WUlcos there is no certain information. It is known, however 
that his horse was shot under him. and that he received a wound in the arm while advanc- 
mg upon the enemy's battery at the head of the regiment, and it was while engaged in the 
act ot binding up his wound, as is believed, that Captain Withington, of Company B who 
was acting as major, received a wound and fell on the field. ' 

Captain Butterworth, Company C, was also shot, and has not since been heard from 
Captain Lum, of Company A, acting as lieutenant colonel, was wounded in the knee and 
is now m Washington, as is also Captain Graves, of Company K. Lieutenents Casey 
Company G. Slauch, of Company F, and Parks, of Company H, were also wounded and 
have not been heard from. Lieutenant Warner, of Company I, also wounded, and is' now 
m Washington. Of those brave men who have met their fate in the engagement I cannot 
speak in too high terms. The regiment wUl cherish their gallantly. Nor can I refrain 
from referring with highest commendation to the valuable services, bravery and Rood 
conduct of all the officers on the field. Where all performed acts of gallantry'and valor 
it would be invidious to particularize, and I trust that all will alike find in the terrible 
proportion of their loss the best record of mdividual worth. 

Yours respectfully, 

A. F. BIDWELL, 

COLONEL Wakd. ^'^■°' ^«"^"'««^»«^- 

Commanding Second Brigade, Alexandria, Va. 

The following is from a rei)ort of Colonel J. H. Hobart Ward, 38th N. Y., 
who succeeded in comnuind of the brigade: 

************ 
This brigade commenced the action under command of Colonel Willcox of Michigan 
who was wounded while gallantly leading his command, and whose bravery could^not 
have been excelled, and who is now a prisoner in the hands of the enemy. 

" WhUe I deeply deplore the circumstances by which it became my duty to forward 
this report, yet it afl^ords me much gratification to speak in terms of the highest com- 
mendation of the brave and officer-like conduct of the gentlemen composing his staff 
VIZ : Lieutenants Woodruff, Parker, and Eddie, in their efforts to bring order out of chaos 
under a most galling and deadly fire from the enemy. Having myself been in command 
of the 38th Kegiment (Scott Life Guard) N. Y. State Volunteers, during the action I am 
unable to speak as particularly as could be desired of other regiments o'f the brigade from 
personal observation, and respectfully refer you to their respective reports. The reports 
of killed and wounded furnish sufficient evidence of their fidelity and courage. 

************ 
'' The officers and men of the 1st Michigan nobly discharged their duty to their country 
and well may their State feel proud of her defenders." 

Following is the report of General Willcox, dated at Detroit, September 3d, 

1862, and addressed to the Adjutant General of the Army at Washington : 

''My brigade, the 2d of Heintzelman's division, marching in rear of Franklin's brigade 
arrived at the Sudley Ford at about half past 12 P. M., July 21st, 1861. The brigade now 
consisted of the 1st ^Michigan, 11th New York (Fire Zo"uaves), 38th New York and 
Arnold 8 Battery. The 4th Michigan had been left at Fairfax Station and Fairfax Court- 
house, by the order of General McDowell. Halting for rest and water I obeyed the 
General's orders to post Arnold's Battery on a hill commanding the ford, with" the 1st 
Michigan for support, and at 1 o'clock pushed forward with my two remaining regiments 
up the Sudley and Brentville road. We marched about two miles and came up on the 
ny ,t of what I suppose to have been Frankhn's line, near the junction of the Warrenton 
and budley roads. I'he troops on our loft were engaged in a desultory fire with the 
enemy, posted in the thicket and ravine across the Warrenton road, not far from the 
Henry House. The 28th New York was quickly formed in order of battle, and the Zou- 
aves were hastening into lino, when I received an order to detach a regiment for the sup- 
port of Kickett's battery (of Franklin's brigade), posted on a hill a quarter of a mile to 
our right and front, near Dogan House. I led up the Zouaves for this important service 



172 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

leaving the 38th under its gallant and experienced colonel, Hobart Ward. Ricketts waa 
soon ordered to take a new" position near the Henry House. The Zouaves followed in 
support, and finally formed line ©u the right flank of the battery, with two companies in 
reserve. 

" Up to this time the enemy had fallen back, but now he formed the remains of his 
brigades ensased with Hunter in the morning, viz.: B'ee's, Bartow's, and Evans's, in a 
new line, appuied upon Jackson's brigade of fresh troops, making altogether 6,500 in- 
fantr>-, 13 pieces of artillery, and Stuart's cavalry, according to General Beauregard's 
report'. This force was posted in the belt of woods which skirted the plateau southwardly 
and lying in the angle formed in that direction between the Warrenton and Sudley roads, 
about a mile from the Warrenton road, and with its left restmg on the Brentsville and 
Sudley roads. Rickctt's battery had crossed the Sudley road from its post near Dogan's 
House, and was witlim musket range of the woods which stretched from that road around 
from Ills right towards his front, and forming a pocket which almost enveloped the battery 
with its support. 

" The enemy were first discovered by Colonel Heintzelman, lining the woods in our 
fi-ont. He ordered up the Zouaves, commanded by Colonel Farnham. The ground was 
sliirhtly rising before us, and the enemy opened a heavy but not destructive fire as we 
reached the crest. The Zouaves returned the fire, but immediately fell back, bewildnred 
and broken. Stuart's cavalry charged upon them from the woods on the right, but were 
scattered bv a fire from the two reserve companies, with a loss (as ascertained from the 
Southern paijorsj of twenty-nine killed and wounded. 

"Meantime Rickctt's cannoneers were being picked off. With Colonel Heintzelman's 
approval and a promise of reinforcements, I collected some one hundred Zouaves, and, 
with Captain Douney and others of their officers, made a dash into the woods on our right, 
and killed, wounded, and captured about thirty of the enemy. Returning in a few min- 
utes, I found tlie field cleared of both friend and foe except the killed and wounded. 

" The horses, men, and two officers of Rickett's battery lay stretched upon the ground, 
but the enemy had not yet seized it. 

" Recrossing tlie Sudley road, I met the First Michigan, Major Bidwell commanding, 
and marching back with this regiment we found the enemy now drawn up in a thhi fine 
across the field and in possession of the battery; advancing to the fence on the roadside 
the Ist Michigan opened fire, the right wing fell back to reload, owing to a blundering 
order, but the left stood firm, expelled the enemy, and retook the battery. The troops 
here opposed to us I believe to have been the 7th Georgia. 

" Colonel Heintzelman now came up and ordered us promptly forward, and with the 
promise of another regiment it was my design to turn the enemy's left. The left wing of 
the 1st Michigan reciossed the field, struck into the woods beyond the Zouaves, and 
succeeded in destroying and capturing a small number of the enemy and pushing back 
his extreme left out of that part or point of the woods adjacent to the Sudley road. 

" Meantime the right wing of the 1st Michigan reformed and advanced in good order. 
I met it and we pushed on toward the next point of woods. From this point I found the 
enemy's left discovered us by our fire and we became engaged with their rear rank, their 
front being occupied by the advancing troops of Franklin's or Sherman's brigade. The 
o/Ticerb and men of the 1st Michigan stood up bravely at this critical moment, holding 
on anxiously for reinforcements. But from all I can learn, the 38th, which was ordeied 
up U) me, were directed to the left of the Henry House (instead of to the right and along 
the Sudley mad;, came in contact with the enemy's center, and never reached me. 

"It was now nearly four o'clock. General Beauregard had been gathering new rein- 
fon-emonts; General Ivirby Smith had joined him with a portion of Johnston's army. Our 
scattered trooi)S were contending in fractions against the enemy's army in position and 
massed on tin; plateau, with his artillery sweephig every approach. General Johnston 
was bringing fresh troops to turn our right. The '28th Virginia attacked my own handful 
from the rear in the woods, and I had the ill fortune to be wounded and a few momen s 
afterwards captured. But I was spared witnessing the disaster which further pursued 
our arniK. 

" In this n>port I have only endeavored to supply partly the information that was not 
known or found in any other re|)ort in consequence of niV capture. Permit me to add 
further, that Uw. :{8th New York was distinguit^hed for its steadiness in ranks, and for 
galliinlly repelling u cUargo made upon it by the 'New Orleans Tigers.' The Zouaves, 
though broken us a regiitnmt, did good service under mv own eyes in the woods, and 
detaehmentK of them joined various other regiments in the fight. The 1st Michigaa 
deHerves the credit of advancing rarthi>r into the enemy's lines than any other of our Hoops, 
HH their dead bo.iies proved after the battle. I only iegiet that from the fact of mv sef)a- 
ration from .Vrnold's hattery, I cannot add any teslimonv of my own to thewellknown 
gallantry with wliich he and his command conducted themselves." 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. ITi 

In General Heintzelman's endorsement forwarding this report, he says: 

" This report is respectfully forwarded. It gives some d(>tails not in previous reports. 
The 38th New York, Colonel Ward, was in the rear and a little to the right of the Robin- 
son House, and did not get up as far as the house. After the Zouaves, I led up the 1st 
Minnesota and then the 1st Michigan, and both were repulsed. Thev, however, rallied 
and passed to the right into the woods, and the 1st Michigan, on the extreme right, held 
the most advanced position we occupied that disastrous day." 

A survey of the field after the battle discovered the fact that the Michigan 
deiul were found nearest the enemy's works. 

The regiment in command of Major Bidwell returned to the State on the 
expiration of its lerni of service, and was mustered out of service Auo^ust 7th, 
1H(J1. 

Notwithstanding the services of this regiment were short, it established even 
on the disastrous field of Bull Euu a standard which was a noble example for 
Michigan troops, and which a review of the record of Michigan regiments will 
attest has been uniformly followed. 

The enrollment of this regiment was 798 officers and men, its losses nine, 
of which three oflficers died of wounds, three men killed in action, and three 
died of disease. 

" 'Tis over — thy last pulse has fluttered; 
Thou'rt glorious now — thou'rt secure; 
'Gainst thee ne'er can libel be uttered — 
Thy blood proves thy loyalty pure." 



Note.— While a captain of the 1st Michigan was out with a small scoutinir party near 
Alexandria, soon after the regiment reached Washington, and before the battle of Bull 
Run, he was desirous of carrying out the custom then in vogue of administering to cap- 
tured rebels the oath of allegiance and letting them go, coming suddenly on a few rebels, 
made them get down on their knees, then he administered to them the common oath of 
allegiance to the United States of America, and, not forgetting his own State, added, and 
particularly the State of Michigan, then let them go. Advancing a little further the party 
Btarted up a good-sized snake. One of them, an Irishman, captured it; the captain asked 
what he was going to do with it. "Do wid him?" said Pat; " obey the orders; swear 
him and let him go, begorrah!" 



FIRST REGIMENT INFANTRY. 



" The combat deepens, on, ye braves, 
Who rush to glory or the grave! 
Wave, Michigan! all thy banners wave. 
And charge with all thy chivalry!" 

The reorganization of the First Eegimeiit for three years commenced on 
June ^8th, 18G1, uiid prior to the return of the three months regiment to the 
State. 

Lieutenant Colonel Loren L. Comstock was designated by the governor to 
suj)e)intend its recruitment, witii t-utiicient officers from the regiment in the 
field to assist in accomplishing the purpose. 

The rendezvous was at Ann Arbor, to which point all recruits were forwarded 
by detachments. 

Tiie regiment was mustered into the U. S. service at various dates with a 
strength of 9G0 otlicers and men, in command of Colonel John C. Eobinson, 
then a Captain in tlie U. S. aimy, leaving the State for the field in Virgininou 
the lOth of September following, with the exception of two detachments, which 
soon after ibllowed. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

John C. Robinson, Colonel, Captain U. S. army. Horace S. Koberts, Lieutenant Col- 
onel, Detroit. Franklin W'. Whittlesey, Major, Ypsilanti. Joseph Tunnicliff, Jr., Sm-geon, 
Jackson. Andrew J. Hobart, Assistant Surgeon, Niles. Edwai'd H. Eing, Adjutant, Jack- 
son. David A. Wise, Quartermaster, Ypsilanti. Arthur Edwards, Jr., Chaplain, Trenton. 

A. Captain, Russell H. Alcott, Manchester. First Lieutenant, Henry C. Christiancy, 
Monroe. Second Lieutenant, Irving F. Wilcox, Twinsburg, Ohio. 

B. Captain, Ira C. Abbott, Burr Oak. First Lieutenant, Samuel E. Pittman, Detroit. 
Second Lieutenant, William Byrns, Burr Oak. 

C. Captain, George V. Sanl'ord, Ann Arbor. First Lieutenant, Lyford Peavey, Mar- 
shall. Second Lieutenant, Perry L. Hubbard, Pontiac. 

D. Captain, Eben B. Griffith, Jackson. First Lieutenant, Eben T. Whittlesey, Ypsi- 
lanti. Second Lieutenant, J. Benton Kennedy, Jackson: 

E. Captain, , . First Lieutenant, George H. Eggleston, Coldwater. 

Second Lieutenant, Oliver C. Comstock, Manshall. 

F. (;ai)talii, Williiim A Tiiroop, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Emory W^ Belton, Chelsea. 
Second Lieutenant, Wiikins Bloodgood, Detroit. 

G. Captain, G. Collins Lyon, Jackson. First Lieutenant, Edward Pomeroy, Jackson. 
Second Lieutenant, Philander C Perry, Ann Arbor. 

H. Captain, Ciiarles E. Wendell, Detroit. First Lieutenant, George C. Hopper, De- 
troit. Second Lieutenant. Alfred W. Beardslee, Detroit. 

I. Captain, George W. Grunimond, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Hiram S. Warner, 
Mnrsliaii. Secoinl Lieuleiuuit, Edward D. Judd, Sahne. 

K. Cajjlain, Byron B. Ad.sit, Sault Ste. Marie. First Lieutenant, George C. Mogk, 
Ann Arbor. Second Lieutenant, Henry C. Arnold, Ann Arbor. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 175 

The regiment was principally officered by those who had served in the three 
months regiment. It was recruited in all parts of the State, and its orga.iiza- 
tion was conipleted at Ann Arbor. 

Colonelliobinson continued in command uufil April ^^8th, 18G'.^ when he 
was appointed a brigadier general of voluntccis. He was succeeded in com- 
mand by Lieutenant Colonel Horace S. Roberts. 

Huring the winter which followed its muster in, it was encamped at An- 
napo IS Junction, Maryland, guarding the Washington and Baltimore Raih-oad. 
in March it; moved to l^rtrcss Monroe, wliere it encamped for some time 
attracting much notice by its fine military ai)pearance and excellent discipline, 
while Its stylish dress parades becnnie a matter of notoriety amon^ the other 
troops stationed at tiiat point. Subsequently, in command of Colonel Roberts 
It proceeded to the Peninsula and entered on the campaign, servincr in the 1st 
brigade, 1st division, oth corps, under McClellan. It was engaoed at 
Mechanicsville, June 2(Jth; at Gaines-s Mills, June 17th; at Peach Orchard 
June :^9th and at Savage Station on the same day. At Turkey Bend, and 
White Oak Swamp, June 30th, and on July 1st at Malvern Hill. 

The part taken by the regiment in these battles was, unfortunatelv, not 
reported, although it is known to have been actively engaged, and to have 
served with efficiency and gallantry. Its losses were 35^ killed and died of 
wounds, and 97 missing in action, including Captain 0. C. Comstock, who 
was killed at Gaines's Mills. 

The Peninsula campaign having closed, the regiment, serving in the same 
brigade, division, and cor[)S, returned with the army and entered on the cam- 
paign under General Pope. Ic became engaged with the enemy at Gainsville 
August a'Jth, supporting Battery D, 3d U. S. Artillery, and losing one killed 
^ud one wounded, and on the next day became heavily engaged at Bull Run. 

rhe^ regiment, in command of Colonel Roberts, was in General Fitz John 
Porter^s corps (oth), and had taken a position in some woods fronting the 
enemy s lines, and not far from one of his well posted and important batteries 
ihe order was given to advance and dislodge the rebels and silence this bat- 
tery, ana at 4 P. M. the 1st Michigan, with the 13th New York and ISth 
Massachusetts regiments of infantry, deployed column and advancing, a terrific 
intautry fire from a force in ambush and five unseen batteries openiTicr a cross- 
fire upon them with murderous effect, the 1st losing, within a fuw minutes 
eight officers, and fifty per cent of the regiment were either killed or wounded' 
ihe men, under these trying circumstances, behaved coolly and with mucli 
bravery, standing their ground like veterans, and not until success became 
hopeless and the order to retreat was given did they fall back, and then in 
good order, when they resumed their former position in the woods, and re- 
formed with their division. Ead there been any possibilitv of victory under 
such circumstances, their courage and i)ersistency would have secured it. 

ihe chaplain of the regiment, the Rev. Arthur Edwards, who was present 
in the engagement, rendering mo^t valuable service, and whose exemplarv con- 
duct during his whole term in the army endeared him to all who canie in 
contact with him, wrote at the time as follows: 

" The regiment deployed column and with cheers advanced towards the enemy our 
right resting near the raUroad embankment, the center and left near a stone waUa^draU 
road cut in each of which places was posted a rebel battery. On our right and front wa^ 
a force of the enemy's infantry, and as we advanced the regiment was sub ceted to n^^ 
derous fire Irom mfantry and a cioss-lire from five rebel batteries. ThrrSo t s IT red 
severely m crossing the open space. Colonel Roberts fell at an early m<^Sentater^ 



176 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

deployed out of the woods. Four captains and three lieutenants —Captains Charles E. 
Wendell, Russell H. Alcott, Eben T. Whittlesey, Edward Pomeroy, and Lieutenants H. 
Clay Arnold, J. L. Garrison, and W. Bloodgood— met theii- death, and more than fifty per 
cent of the rofriment were either killed or wounded. 

"Colonel Roberts was an active, eflScient, brave, beloved, and is now a sincerely 
lamented leader. Captains Wendell, Alcott, Whittlesey, Pomeroy, and Lieutenants 
Arnold. Garrison, and Bloodgood were excellent ofScers, whose loss will be felt by the 
regiment, and mourned by their personal acquaintances. 

"The regiment went into battle with twenty ofBcers and two hundred and twenty- 
seven men. Of the former but four are in camp unhurt, and of the latter hardly one 
hundred and fifty. In the action the 1st was placed in tlie center. In front was a rebel 
battery, and so destructive was its fire and so commanding its position, that General 
Porter ordered our brigade (Martindales, of Morrill's division) forward to capture it. 
The service was so desperate, and so very sure were our officers of the death that awaited 
them, that they shook hands with each other in farewell. Like heroes they pressed on to 
the charge, until, coming within range, the enemy opened four additional batteiles, hith- 
erto masked, and poured in a deadly fire. Thus they were exposed to a cross-fire from 
live batteries at short range, throwing grape and canister, and to a flank fire of infantiy. 
The result may be easily seen. Men fell like grain in harvest. Colonel Roberts was shot 
in the breast by a miuie ball, and lived about ten minutes. His words were, ' I am killed; 

tell Captain to take command of the regiment.' He seemed to feel that he was 

about to fall, for previous to his going to his place in the line, he called me aside, and, 
after leaving some private messages, said : ' I trust that Michigan will believe that I tried 
to do my duty.' " 

" But strew his ashes to the wind 
Whose sword or voice has served mankind, — 
And is he dead, whose glorious mind 

Lifts thine on high? 
To live in hearts we leave behind 

Is not to die." 

General Pope, iu his report, thus describes the conflict of the 30th : 

" The enemy's heavy reinforcements having reached him on Friday afternoon and night, 
he bi'gan to mass on his riglit for the purpose of crushing our left, and occupying the road 
to C<.'ntreviile in our rear. His liea\ic:^t assault was made about five o'clock in the after- 
noon, when, after overwhelming Fitz John Porter and driving his forces back on the center 
and left, mass after mass of his forces were pushed against our left." 

Ill Mr. Greeley's "Ameiiciin Contlict" Porter's Coi))s, to which the 1st 
Iiifimiry belonged, at the battle of "Gaines's Mills," is noticed as follows: 

" * * * * At 5 P. M. Porter, though he had lost httle ground, telegraphed 
again to Genoral McClellan that his position was critical, when French's and Meagher's 
brigades of the 2d corps were ordered to cross to his support. Thev moved promptly 
and rapidly, but befoie they could reach the field the rebels, rallying all their foi'ces jus"t 
ut Bunsri for a last despciate elTort, had stormed our entrenchments both on the riglitand 
on the left, and driven back their defenders with mutual carnage, capturing several ol 
their guns. 

PorttT, seeing his infantry beaten, now called into action all his reserved and remaining 
artillery, and thus bringing about (Mghty guns into action, was covering the retreat of his 
Infantry, and dealing fearful retribution on their assailants, whose advance was suddenly 
checked. • • • .. 

After the di.'^astroUK affair at Bull Pun, the regiment, in command of Cap- 
tain K. W. I'.c'lton, entered on the McClellan canVpaign in Maryland, and was 
in the eiiga-i'Mient at Antietam on September 17th, and on the '.'Oth was 
engaged wiili the enemy at Shepardston Ford. 

After I he deatlj of Colonel Roberts, Lieutenant Colonel Frank W. Whittle- 
sey was Conitnissioned Colonel, but was absent from the field on account of 
iujuiies received iu tlie Peninsula campaign. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 177 

In December followino; the regiment in command of Lieutenant Colonel 
Abbott was engaged at the battle of Fredericksburg, with a loss of one officer 
(Uaptam J. b. Kennedy) and seven men killed, seven officers and thirty-three 
men wounded. -^ 

The following is the report of Colonel Abbott of the part taken by his reffi- 
niL'ut in that battle : ^ j & 

''This regiment, in compliance with orders of 1st brigade, 1st division, 5th A. 
O, G D, broke camp on Thursday morning, December 11th, at 5.30 o'clock A. M taklne 
up a line of march towards Fredericksburg, halted near the Phillips House, remainini 
there until sundown when the brigae was moved back to a piece of wood and bivouacked 

FrederlclJburg '"'''"'''^ °''^^'' ""^"^^ ^"^ ^'""^ *^^ ^^^^^°''' ""^^^^ ^ ^^ direction of 

. "/t*^. 1^.°'^^^^ *he division halted, remainlnsr there during the day, bivouackine for the 
night m line of battle by regiments; next day, Saturday, at 12 o'clock, ajainmo^^ed for- 
ward, crossing the river at 2.30 P. M., on center pontoon bridge, marching in good order 
to Mam street. We halted for a short time, during which the pieces were loaded and eveS 
preparation necessary for an advance was made. At 3 o'clock we were again in motion 
leaving the main street, passing through a cross street to the left towards the battlefield' 
where we were exposed to a heavy fire from the enemy's batteries on the hiil kill ins and 
wounding many of our best and bravest men. On leaving the street, bv filing obUquely 
to the right across a small stream again obliquing to the left, when we were somewhat 
sheltered froui the fire by a high bank, I halted the regiment, the right resting near the 
railroad, for about thirty minutes, waiting an opportunity to advance through other troops 
who were on the railroad, marched down the track some thirty rods, and turned to the 
If lotl'''^^ ^^r^ ?^^ T^ Colonel Barnes, who ordered me to take position on the left of 
the 13th isew lork. In domg this we were again exposed to the enemy's fire. I passed 
this place at double quick, and took up my position in good order. From this point the 
regiment moved m hue of battle to the front, and there commenced firing which was 
continued at int^ervals until after dark. Captain Kennedy was mortally wSunded while 
bravelj' leading his men Here many of my best men were killed or wounded. Not an 
officer faltered; all exhibited the coolness and courage of veterans. After dark our posi- 
tion was changed to the left of the 118th Pennsylvania, where we lay on our arms until 
dayhght. Eeniained in this place during the day, Sunday, and were rehoved with the 
brigade at 8 o clock P. M., when we fell back to the river, near the pontoon brid-e 
remaining there during the next day, Monday. At night, again marched into the citv 
down the main street about one mUe, and bivouacked on the walk for the night The 
next morning, were ordered to recross the river, which we did, returning to the camp we 
occupied before the movement. ^^'^ij »yo 

•; The following is the list of casualties: Oflicers killed, one; officers wounded, seven- 
enhsted men killed, seven; enlisted men wounded, thirty-three. 

"During the whole engagement and the time we moved from the camp on Thursday 
Captain Belton, acting second in command, was everywhere present, exhibitiiH' the same 
coolness and courage heretofore manifested in all the engagements in which the re-i 
ment has participated. ° 

"I cannot but speak in high terms of all my officers, while the men, true to their 
country s flag, inspired by their love of freedom, stood firm and unmoved, and I trust the 
regiment did, as it ever has done, its duty. It has now recovered the fati-nie of the 
battle, and notwithstanding the disappointment we are again willing and ready to follow 
our brave leader. Colonel James Barnes, wherever he may call." 

After tlie battle of Fredericksburg the regiment, still serving in the 1st 
brigade, 1st division, oth corps, lay in camp near Falmouth untifthe 27th of 
April, 1863 (having been engaged at U. S. Ford January 1st), when it moved 
in the direction of Chancellorsville. Crossing the Eappahannock and the 
Rapidan it reached that battle ground on the 30th, after four days of forced 
and heavy marching, and entered into action there as set forth in the followincr 
report of Colonel Abbott, losing three killed and seventeen wounded: * 

"I have the honor to submit the following report of the operations of this rer-iment 
of S movements of the Army of the Potomac from the 27th of April to The 6th 

23 



178 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

" This regiment with two hundred and seventy-nine men and twenty-three oflBcers 
attached to the first brigade, first division, fifth corps (commanded respectively by Gen- 
erals Barnes, Griffin, and Meade), broke camp on Monday, April 27th, and with the brig- 
ade marched northward seven miles to near Hartwood church, where the division was 
bivouaclied for the night. On Tuesday morning our march was resumed and early on 
Wednesday morning we crossed the Eappahannock on pontoons, near ' Kelly^ Ford," 
distance twentv-eight miles from our old camp. 

" Turning southward, the Eapidan was reached about sundown, and crossmg the river, 
whose waters were waist deed at 'Ely's Ford,' we encamped upon the steep shores of the 
south bank. At sunrise of Thursday we moved in the direction of Chaucellorsville, and 
arriviug at that place at 10 o'clock A. M., we halted to allow the remainder of the corps to 
arrive. The 11th and 12th corps came up by another route, and to this brigade was 
assigned the advance upon the ' Fredericksburg and Gordonsville plank road,' toward the 
former citv. Proceeding about two miles we arrived near some rebel earthworks. The 
brigade was halted, and this regiment with the 25th New York Infantry on the left and the 
18ih Massachusetts Infantry on the right, was ordered forward; the 1st Michigan Infantry 
advancmg up the road until within musket range of the rebel works, when the line was 
halted, and Company H, Captain E. D. Judd, was sent forward, deployed as skirmishers. 
These skirmishers obtained information that the enemy's force consisted of two brigades 
of infantry with some field artillery. At 5 P. M. a few shots were exchanged by the skir- 
mishers and two rebel prisoners taken. 

' ' Orders were soon received to retire, which movement I believe to have been a mis- 
taken one. 

•'Falling back to Chancellorsville, and marching off to our right about one mile, we 
encamped for the night. On Friday morning the brigade was sent out upon a r* uounois- 
sance along a road leading to the Rappahannock, whose banks we traversed southward to 
a point below ' Scott's Dam Ford;' and obtaining the desired information of the enemy we 
returned during the afternoon to near Chancellorsville. On our arrival the brigade formed 
in line of battle, remaining thus until about midnight. In the meantime the enemy shelled 
the woods vigorously, and a man of the 22d Massachusetts Infantry lost both legs by a 
solid shot. At midnight (on Friday, 1st) this position was abandoned and the brigade was 
posted upon a road leading from ChancellorsvUle to the Rappahannock, and strong barri- 
cades were constructed to protect the left flank of the army and our communications 
to the above river. 

" At this honorable post w-e remained until late in the afternoon of Saturday, when we 
were ordered to move further to the right to strengthen a point threatened hy the enemy. 
During this time we had a strong picket force in advance of our front. At 11 o'clock P. 
M. we w(!re relieved by a portion of Howard's 11th corps, taldug a new position near 
Cliaiieellorsville, where we remained until 6 o'clock on Sunday, when we were again moved 
out on the road leading to the ' United States Ford,' to a point not far from the ' Wliite 
House,' around which and in the woods troops were being massed. Fighting was in the 
meantime going on at Chancellorsville and along the whole line, and at 10 o'clock A. M. 
on Sunday, tlie brigade was moved to the 'Wiiite House,' where it remained until the 
enemy's shells coniijelled a temporary shelter in the adjoining woods. During this shell- 
ing some of our men were wounded. Remaining upon our arms until 3 o'clock A. M. on 
Monday we were ordcn-ed to the front, and two regiments of the brigade were sent beyond 
the works on picket duty. At 8 o'clock A. M. I was ordered to relieve these regiments, 
when I accordingly sent out nine of my companies under command of Major George C. 
Hopper, and their duty was nobly performed until they were relieved the next morning. 
Wiiile this force was on picket it continually skirmished with the enemy's sharpshooters, 
and several of my men were wounded. During the forenoon of Tuesday the enemy ad- 
vanced in two lines, but our skirmishers kept him firmly at bay until thev were ordered to 
fall back into tlie intreiichnients, which they did in good order, allowing the artillery to 
ojieii and clear the woods of rebels. During the above movement my regiment sustained 
Its princii)al loss, but it deployed again promptly as soon as our artillery was silent, and 
wu« Hoon after relieved by another regiment of this brigade. 

" On being relieved we occupied the front line of works until 3 o'clock P. M. of Wednes- 
day, when Llie already overworked brigade was detailed to cover as a rear guard the 
recroHHUig of the army to the east baidcs of the Rappahannock, which duty was performed 
with th.' fullest hucce.ss. Rain began to fall at 4 P. M. of Tuesdav, and so continued 
during the niglit and for days following. The roads were in a horrible condition, but by 
10 o'clock A. M. of Wodnesday the whole army had crossed in safety- and this brigade was 
loft to remove and protect the pontoon bridges, which labor consumed the rest of the day. 
At C> o'clock r. M. the brigade took up its march for their old camps, but owing to contin- 
ued rainH and bad roads, it did not arrive there until the afternoon of Thursday, May 7th. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 179 

Thus ended the eleventh day of a campaign which for all that tests the quality of a 
soldier surpasses all our former experience. 

" Great credit is due both officers and men for the cheerfulness and fortitude with which 
they endured fatigue, hardship, and danger. Though not brought into the znost galling 
fire in this battle, yet they were trusted as veterans. We wore, as will be seen from this 
report, marched and countermarched, ar.d we have gained the cognomen of ' The Flying 
Brigade.' The many changes of position noted above were to place us at threatened 
points, in accordance with a well-known practice in miUtarj' maneuvers. During the 
battle we constructed four distinct scries of breastworks, to whose protection other troops 
were uniformly committed, while we bore the brunt of battle in the open field. It is 
unnecessary to mention individuals when all did their duty. The reputation of the regi- 
ment is even enhanced among their brethren in arms, and we are as ready to meet our 
country's foes, notwithstanding our thhmcd ranks, as we were before this movement 
began. "We are proud of our State and proud of the reputation of Michigan troops. We 
sincerely trust that our future history will none the less give reason for faith in the hearts 
of the authorities and the people at home." 

Again resuming its camping ground near Falmouth, it lay there until the 
28th of May, 1863, wlien the division to which it was attached moved to Mor- 
risville, a two days' march, and on the 9th of June crossed the river as support 
to a cavalry force which advanced to Brandy Station, fighting all day and 
returning to camp on tl^.e 10th. On the 14th it broke camp at Morrisvillc, 
and the lyth and 31st was in brisk skiiniishes with the enemy's cavalry at 
Aldie. On the 26th the regiment crossed the Potomac into Maryland at 
Edwards's Ferry, and after laborious and exhausting marches under a broiling 
sun it reached Gettysburg, Pa., at 1.30 A. M. of July 2d, It entered into 
battle with the 5th corps on the same day in command of Colonel Abbott, with 
a force of 20 officers and 125 men. Colonel Abbott being wounded early in 
the engagement, Lieutenant Colonel W. A. Tiiroop assumed command. It 
sustained a loss of one officer, Captain Amos Ladd, and four men killed, and 
six officers and twenty-five men wounded, with eight missing. A more detailed 
account of the part taken by the regiment is found in the following extract 
from the report of Colonel Throop : 

"We left Hanover on the evening of the 1st, with the brigade marching to a place near 
the battlefield of the 2d during the night. On the morning of the 2d we were formed in 
line of battle, in reserve, where we remained until about 4 o'clock P. M., when we (with 
the brigade) were ordered to the front. We got into position in line about 4.30 P. M., 
with the 22d Massachusetts on our left and the 118th Pennsylvania on our right. We had 
no sooner got our line fully established than the enemy drove in our skiiznisliors and 
appeared in force in tlie edge of a wood on our fi-ont, within two hundred yards of our line. 
We ordered our men to fix bayonets, and commenced firing on the enemy with a deadly 
effect, driving him back after a severe fire of half an hour He, however, soon returned, 
and was a second time driven back with great loss. Our men stood up bravely under tiie 
storm of bullets sent against them, loaduig and firing as coolly as though on drill. We 
•entered the light with three field, one staff, sixteen line officers, and one hundred and 
twenty-five muskets. Our color-bearer, Sergeant Patrick Connors, was the first man 
wounded after tlie firing commenced. The colors were at once taken from the ground by 
Corporal John H. Harrington, of Company A, and gallantly borne througli tlie battle. 
Colonel Ira C. Abbott was wounded in the face early in the action and carried to the rear. 
We maintained our line, repulsing and holding in check the enemy until 7.30 P. M., when 
we w(u-e ordered to fall back, which we did in good order, being relieved by a brigade of 
Pennsylvania reserves. Men never behaved more gallantly than did the soldiers of tlie 
1st Michigan in this battle, and it would be impossible to mention eacli case of individual 
-gallantry and braverj' when all did so well, but I would inenlion the name of First 
Sergeant Joseph F. Bird, of Company A, who paiticulariy attracted my attention by liis 
coolness, bravery, and admirable control of his men and thoughtfulness as to his duties. 
Among the otticers I can make no separate mention, whei-e all rxci'llcd their former repu- 
tation, and won for themselves new and lasting honors. Our losses are one conimissit)iied 
officer killed and six wounded; four enlisted men killed, twenly-live wounded, and eight 



180 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

missing. Of the steadv, true, and galling fire of the one hundred and twenty-five musl£et& 
in the hands of Michigan 1st Regiment, the bodies of sixty-two dead rebels left on our 
front bear a fearful testimony." 

The regiment was in the 1st Brigade, 1st Division, 5th Corps, commanded 
by Major General Sykes, mentioned in the "Eebelliou Record" as follows: 

♦ • * " The 5th Corps most fortunately arrived and took position on the left 
of the 3d, Major General Sykes commanding, immediately sending a force to occupy 
'Round Top' ridge, where a most furious contest was maintained, the enemy making 
desperate but unsuccessful attempts to secure it." * * • • * 

It joined in the pursuit of the enemy on the 5th, becoming engaged at Wil- 
liamsport on the 12th, and on the 18th crossed the Potomac into Virginia, 
driving the rebels from Manas^sas Gap, engaging the enemy at Wapping Heights 
on the 2l8t, going into camp at Warrenton on the 37th and at Beverly Ford on 
the 8th of August. Here it remained until September 17th, when it crossed 
the Rappaliannock at Beverly Ford, and marched to Culpepper Court House 
and encamped, after which the regiment, together with the 18th Massachusetts 
and a squadron of the :id Pennsylvania cavalry, occupied the town of Culpepper, 
under command of Colonel Throop, doing provost duty. The 1st Michigan 
remained here until the 11th of October, when the army fell back to Centre- 
ville, the regiment meeting the rebels at Culpepper and Brandy Station on the 
13th, and on the 14th at Bristow Station. It again advanced and rested on 
the 1st of November at Three Mile Station, on the Orange and Alexandria 
railroad. 

Breaking camp on the 7th ilie regiment marched with the Army of the 
Potomac in its advance to the Rappahannock river. The enemy were found 
etioiigly intrenched near Rappahannock Station, but, after a desperate struggle, 
were driven across tlie river with large loss. 

From a correspondent: 

" On they moved, looking more as though on dress parade than in line of battle prepared 
for the fray, led by the gallant Colonel Throop. What cared they for the shot and shell 
as they fell tliick and fast around them, sometimes throwing the sand in their faces as one 
burst in front, or plowed up the earth at their side. Yet onward the whole line moved, 
altliough the ranks of the 18th and 22d Massachusetts and the 118th Pennsylvania were 
lliiiiiied at almost every step by the terrible missiles of death. Their conduct seemed to 
say, ' \V(3 care for none of these things.' One great absorbing idea seemed to pervade 
ev«'ry mind, as through the rain of death, with stateliness that was truly sublime, they 
niovt'd, and that was tlio capture of the foe in his stronghold. 

•' Uy tills time we had gained the banks of the railroad, directly under the frowning jaws 
of tlif enemy's guns. The sun was sinking to rest, the sable folds of night were fast fall- 
ing upon the scene, the cannon one by one ceased their horrid roar, until comparatively 
quiet r.-igned, when as by common consent the battle cry of freedom was heard, sounding 
like a (It'ath knell to the traitor's heart, quickly followed by the loud crash of musketry, the 
charge wus inaih;, the works were scaled, and the day was ours; and, strange as it" may 
Bcooi, not a man of the gallant 1st was hurt." 

From tho 8th to the 27th, the 1st was engaged in picket duty in the 
rear of the aiiny. and in guarding the railroad from the attacks of the ene- 
my's cavalry, being engaged at tiio Cross Roads on the 2Gth. Participating 
ill tho advancf to Mine lUui, the regiment crossed the Rapidan at Germania 
Ford, on llie 27th, and being in the reserve did not become engaged, al- 
thongli ill front of tlio enemy's works at Mine Run from the morning of the 
2itth to tho evening of tho let of December, when it fell back with tlie army 
across tho Hapidun. On the 3d the regiment went into winter quarters at Bev- 
erly Ford, and until tho 18th of February, 1804, its services were mostly con- 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR, 181 

fined to picket and guard duty on the 0. and A. R. R. During this month 213 
of the regiment re-enlisted as veterans, and it was ordered to report at Detroit, 
Michigan, where it arrived on tlie 1st of March, and was furloughed for thirty 
days. Rendezvousing at Coldwater, the 1st returned to the front on the 10th 
of April, arriving at its old camping grounds, at Beverly Ford, April 18th. 

Engaging in the campaign of 18G4, with the Army of the Potomac, the reg- 
iment, in command of Colonel Throop, and then in the 3d Brigade, 1st Divis- 
ion, 5th Corps, marched, on the 1st of May, to Biandy Station, and on the 4th 
crossed the Rapidan atGermania Ford. On the 5th the pickets discovered the 
enemy moving. Receiving orders to immediately attack as skirmishers, the 
regiment became engaged, and drove in the opposing advanced forces. During 
the action, which soon became general, the 1st lost a considerable number of 
men. It is claimed to have been the first infantry force of the army that at- 
tacked the enemy duiing the great campaign of 1864. During the following 
eight days it was almost continuously engaged in battle, or in skirmishing, 
sustaining large losses, especially at the battle of Alsop's Farm, on the 8th, 
where the regiment came out of the engagement with only twenty-three men. 
Pressing forward with the army, it participated in the battles of Spottsylvania 
ou the 10th, 11th, and 12th ; on the 21st was engaged at Nye River, on tlie 23d 
at North Anna, 24th at Jerico Mills, and was also in the affair at Noel's Tavern 
ou the 26ih, and on the 30th at Tolopotomy. 

Following is from a report of Colonel Throop, covering the services of his 
regiment in detail : 

"I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by the 1st infantry 
in the present campaign for the month of May : On the morning of May 1st we broke 
camp at Beverly Ford, on the Rappahannock, and marched to Brandy Station, where we 
bivouacked and remained until the 3d at noon, when we marched to near Culpepper, where 
we halted at sundown and remained until midnight, and again resumed our marcli toward 
-Germania Ford, on the Rapidan river, crossing the river about 8 A. M. of the 4th, and ad- 
vanced on the stone road to Orange Court House to within about three miles of Robertson's 
Tavern, where the regiment was detailed to picket in front of the brigade, covering the road 
and connecting on the left with the pickets of the 2d Brigade. There was at this time 
no enemy in our front, and during the night I received orders that the troops would 
move at 5 A. M. of the 5th. At 5.30 A. M. I received written orders to witlidraw my pick- 
ets and rejoin the brigade on the road to the old Wilderness Tavern. Fifteen minutes 
before receiving the order to withdraw the enemy was discovered coming down the road 
towards us with a strong force of infantiy, preceded by cavalry. I therefore retained m}i 
picket line in position, disposing of my resei-ves to cover my right flank and hold the road, 
and immediately dispatched Adjutant Raymond to Reportto General Bartlett the approach 
of the enemy and await ordei's for me. The cavalry of the enemy approached to within 
400 yards of my picket line on the road, and his infantry deployed to the right and left of 
the road in line of battle ; this disposition of his forces was immediately reported by me, 
and the 18th Massachusetts and 20th Maine regiments were sent out to my support. The 
troops were halted and moved up to the rear of my picket line, and lines of battle formed. 
The enemy had thrown out a very heavy line of skirmishers in my immediate front and 
pushed them boldly into the edge of a wood against my lines, but without firing. Our 
lines having been formed, and everything in readiness, an attack was ordered and I 
pushed my skirmish line forward at a double-quick, over an open field of a quarter of a 
mile, driving the enemy's line into the woods and on to their line of battle. I was followed 
up by my brigade, the 3d Brigade, 1st Division, 5th army corps, General J. J. Bartlett, in 
two lines of battle, and the light became general. Part of my skirmish line fought that 
-of the enemy in the woods hand to hand, using the bayonet. I lost very heavily in this 
charge. Captain Bradish, a most gallant ofllccr, being lulled, Captain Stanway severely 
wounded in the arm at the very muzzle of a rebel gun, and Adjutant Raymond wounded 
in the foot wiiile carrj-ing orders from myself along the line. From this time out, for 
■eight 8uccefislve days, we were either in a figlit or skirmish, losing more men in killed and 
wounded each day, including our charge at ' Allsop's Farm ' on Sunday, the 8th, where my 
JooS was severe, bringing but twenty-three men out of the fight. 

"Our work has been very severe, marching and fighting continually, the changes of 



182 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

position and various strategic movements causing us to make forced and rapid marches^ 
ending with a fit^ht or skirmishi. We liave taken part in every engagement, were the very 
first to give information of the proximity of the enemy, and flred the first musket in this 
campaign. For twenty-five days we have not been out of sound or range of musketry or 
artillery, and many of my men'have been for days without shoes, having uothing^to pro- 
tect theii- feet but pieces of blanket tied around them, still keeping up on the march and 
doing all their duties. Such devotion surely deserves credit. Notwithstanding tlie 
unprecedented severity of the campaign, the men are in the best of spirits, full of confi- 
dence and hope, and certain that full and sure success will eventually crown the efforts- 
of our arms. 

"At the battle of AIlsop's Farm, on the 8th instant, Lucius E. Mills, of Company H, 
seized the colors of the 83d Pennsylvania from the ground, the color sergeant having 
been killed, and carried them twice with our front line to the top of the hill in two separate 
charges made by my regiment, in the second charge receiving a severe wound, but bring- 
ing the colors of the 83d safely off the field and returning them to the regiment. He is 
now in hospital suffering intensely from his wounds. I might mention many instances of 
individual gallantry, but where all have done so nobly it is almost impossible to 
particularize. 

" I went into the first day's fight (May 5th) with 176 muskets, and have to-day 104 
muskets. My losses have been made up partly by the return of slightly wounded men to 
duty and the return to the regiment of a number of detached men. At the battle of 
'Island Ford,' or 'Jericho's Mill,' the evening we crossed the North Anna Eiver, May 23d, 
we were engaged with the enemy for an hour and a half, but having the advantage of 
some hastily constructed breastworks, made of fence rails, our loss was small. Captain 
Lockley was severely wounded through the thigh in this fight. 

" Captain L. C. Eandall was killed in a night skirmish with the enemy on the night of 
the 10th. His body was carried to the rear, and interred with proper religious ceremonies 
by Chaplain Eowden. 

" Captains Bradishand Eandall have been connected with the regiment since the first 
organization of the three months' regiment, under Colonel Willcox. Entering the service 
as privates, they earned their rank by their gallantry and soldierly qualities, having been 
in nearly every battle in which the regiment has been engaged, each having received 
severe wounds in battle. In them the regiment and the service lose two noble and gallant 
officers. 

" The loss of the regiment in killed in these battles was two oificers and twenty men; 
wounded, five oflicers and sLxty-two men, including Lieutenants Low and Palmer among 
the wounded. " 

Mr. Greeley, in noticing the affair in the Wilderness, says: 

"Hill, having by an early advance secured a strong and sheltered position on a ridge 
crossing a road, repelled with loss the brigades of Bartlett and Ayres, of Griffin's division, 
that were first sent against him." 

Crossing the Pamunky river, the regiment advanced to near Cold Harbor,, 
and participated in the engagements near that place on June 1st and 2d, being 
ut Magnolia Swaiui) and Bethesda Cliurch. 

Fiuni a report of Colonel Throop regarding services of his regiment at these 
points: 

" On the Ist of Juno our lines were advanced, the regiment acting as a support to the 
BklrniiHh lin<', with a loss of four men wounded; on the 'id and 3d we fought the battle of 
'Bethesda Church,' on the ground over which wo advanced on the 1st, losing one man 
killed and four wounded. We remained here in line of battle behind intrenchments until 
midnight of the 'jtli, when we withdrew, marching to 'Allen's Mills,' where we were put 
on the picket line, and rcnuiined until the morning of the 6th, then marched to the 
vicinity of ' Sumner's Lower Bridge,' on the Chickahominy river, where we bivouacked 
luid remained until the night of the 12tli, picketing the river and guarding the bridges, 
nnllie night of tlio 12tli we crossed tlie Chickahominy at Long Bridge and marched to 
' While Oak Swamp,' to hold the roads and cover the crossing of the main army and 
vugon trainu. 

'• The night of the lUtli we marched to Charies City Court House, thence to Wilcox's 
Lnnditig, on the Jiiiiie.s river, wiiero lines of battle were again formed and intrenchments 
tlirowii up to cover llie crossing to tiio south side of the 2d army corps. We crossed the 
iuiuoa nver ou tnumports on the morning of the IGth, and marched directly for Peters- 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 183 

burg, arriving before the city about dayliirht of the 17th, since which time we have been 
at the front, continually exposed to the (Ire of the enemy, but well covered by heavy 
intrenchraents; our losses have been comparatively light. Our duties for the last tliirty 
days have been arduous and unceasing, but the spirits and confidence of our men r< main 
unshak<Mi and the health of the command is remarkably good. We arc fully clothea and 
equipped, and are receiving abundant supplies of good, wholesome rations, with vege- 
tables and dried fruit in liberal quantities. Casualties: Killed, two; wounded, fourteen, 
including Lieutenant WoodrufT, mortally. " 

Proceeding to the James river, it crossed that stream on the IGth of June, 
and on the 17th arrived in front of the city of Petersburg, and was engaged 
on the 18th. From this date to the 17th of August, when it was relieved, the 
regiment was engaged in the construction of fortifications and in the trenches 
in front of Petersburg. The weather being exceedingly warm and the labor 
very great, the liardships which the regiment endured during this period were 
very severe. The men in the trenches were obliged to keep under cover to 
protect themselves from the enemy's artillery and the constant fire of sharp- 
shooters. On the 18th the regiment marched to the Weldon Railroad. During 
the action which ensued it was held in reserve. It returned to the left of tlie 
Weldon road, and in front of the "Yellow House," where it erected strong 
works. On the 19th the regiment moved rapidly to the right to the support 
of the 2d division of its corps, which had been attacked, but the enemy were 
repulsed before its arrival on the ground. Returning to its former position, on 
the 21st it was attacked by the enemy, who were driven ofE after a short but 
somewhat warmly contested action. 

From a report of Major Geo. C. Hopper, for August, 1864, covering services 
of his regiment: 

" On the 1st day of August the regiment lay in the trenches before Petersburg, where 
it had lain during the month of July. We lay there doing picket and fatigue duty until 
the morning of the IGth, when we were relieved by a part of the 9th coi-ps and moved 
back from the front, and were held in reserve until the 18th, when we took up the line 
of march for the Weldon railroad with the brigade. Arriving there about 12 M., we halted 
and rested in line of battle in rear of the ' Six Mile House ' until 3 P. M., when we moved 
to the support of the 3d division of this corps which was then engaged with the enemy on 
the right of the railroad. From thence we were moved to the leftof the raikoad, nearly 
in fi-ont of the ' Six Mile House,' and proceeded to erect breastworks, after which we 
bivouacked for the night. 

" On the morning of the 19th we strengthened our works, sent out fatigue parties, and 
slashed a large amount of timber in our front. About 4 P. M. we were again moved from 
our position along the line of the railroad to the support of General Ayres, 2d division, 
which was having a severe battle with the enemy. At night we were again moved back 
to our breastworks. There was some skirmishing by our pickets, but up to this time the 
regiment met with no loss. 

" The 20th we remained quiet in camp, but on the morning of the 21st we were under 
arms at day break, and at 9 A. M. we were attacked by the enemy, who after a short and 
severe fight was handsomely repulsed. 

"From the 21st to the 31st we have taken part in no engagement, but have had large 
details for picket and fatigue duties. 

" Our casualties for the month are four wounded and four missing in action." 

From a correspondent: 

" Since my last we have changed our position a little. We now lay about three miles 
further to the left, on the Weldon railroad, some three miles from the city. We came 
here on the 18th of August, by a rapid march, surprising the enemy and capturing a num- 
ber of his pickets. Possession was immediately taken of the road, and the work of demo- 
lition commenced. The enemy soon saw what had been lost, and made desperate efforts 
to regain the ground, and drive us away ; but they soon found on this occasion, as on 
many others, that driving the 5th corps is no child's play. I will not go into a minute 



184 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

description of the fighting that has talcen place since the 18th of August for this raUroad. 
The desperation with which the rebels have contended for the road shows its great im- 
portance to them, 'ihe hardest fighting in our immediate front occurred on Sunday, 
August 21st. On that day the enemy thought to turn our extreme left, and in strong 
force with wild and prolonged yells. Their line extended some distance beyond the left 
of the 4th division of our corps. Our division, the 1st, occupied a line of woi-ks about 
eichty rods in the rear, and extendmg one-half a mile to the left of the 5th. This dispo- 
sition of our forces the rebels did not discover till too late, and they were completely sur- 
prised. With the help of the artillery we inflicted severe punishment on them. Hagood's 
briirade, of Hill's corps, consisting principally of South Carolinians, was completely cut to 

"Lieutenant Colonel Throop has been ordered to take command of the 1st brigade of 
this (Ist) division. Major George C. Hopper now has command of the regiment. Captain 
John Grillin, late in command of Company E, has resigned, and lately took leave of us 
for his home. He has served honestly and faithfully for over three years. In the action 
of Sunday we lost three men, probably taken prisoners while on picket at the time, and 
have not been heard from since." 

Lying quietly iu camp until the 30th of September, the regiment engaged iu 
the movement of that date on the right of the enemy's line, near Poplar Grove 
Church, and participated in the desperate fighting that eustted. Unaided, it 
stormed and carried two strong fortifications, and a portion of one line of 
works. During this action the ofRcer then commanding the regiment, Captain 
Janu'S H. AVheaton, was killed, being shot through the head with a minie ball. 

From a report of Captain A. H. Merritt for September, 1864 : 

" During this month the regiment lay in camp near the Six Mile House on the Weldon 
railroad and furnished vciy heavy details for picket and fatigue duty. * * 

Upon the 30th we received marching orders, and left our camping ground at 8 A. M. We 
moved to the extreme riglit of the enemy's position, which was near ' Poplar Grove 
Church,' and came up with their skirmishers after a march of about two miles. The regi- 
ment was deployed in front of the 3d brigade, 1st division, 5th corps, to which it belongs, 
and after forming, advanced, driving the enemy's skirmishers back to their works, which 
were well defended by artillery and dismounted cavalry, and protected by a strong line of 
ubalis. We were ordered to charge, which we did, carrying the works m fine style. 
The abatis did not seem to bo much of an impediment, some of the troops sprmging clear 
over it in their enthusiastic haste to capture the works and artillery. In this charge we 
captured a few prisoners, and by some mistake were separated from the rest of the brig- 
ade and marched to the right, where we were again forced to deploy as skhmishers in order 
to protect tlie Hank of the division and to avoid capture, the other portion of the division 
having moved forward upon the enemy's second line of works. We advanced through a 
dense strip of wilderness, about one-fourth of a mile in extent, and after coming out into 
tlie open Held discovered two strong fortifications and a portion of a line of works upon 
which we made an assault, and actually carried them, capturing two prisoners, and with 
a mere skiruiish line without support. We held the ground thus gained against repeated 
uHsuults by the enemy's skirmishers, made to recapture it, until about 4 P. M., Avhen we 
were relieved by the 2d division, 5th corps, and ordered to rejoin our brigade, where we 
foimd nearly one-lialf of the regiment, which had been reUeved from picket after breaking 
camp in the morning, and had come up in time to participate in the day's battle. 

"In the nn^antime the enemy had attacked the 9th corps, which had formed on our 
h'ft, and was, after a desperate struggle, flanked upon the left and forced back for a con- 
siderabli" distance. Our brigade was ordered up as supports, and we arrived in time to 
aid iu rcUiking the lost ground, and assisted in repulsing the enemy in three successive 
charKcs. 

"hi liilB last engagement Captain James H. Wheaton was killed, being shot through 
th«» lifud by a mlnio ball. After this sad casuality I assumed command of the regiment. 

" The battle bcjjiig ended, shortly after dark the whole line fell back to the hne of works 
captured in tlie IhsL assault iu tlie morning. 

• •••••♦♦**♦« 

•* During the month the regiment lost in killed 4, and 21 in wounded." 

From tljo 2d of October to the 27th the regiment was engaged principally 
iu throwing up fortifications, and on the latter date moved toward the South 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. J 85 

Side railroad, but tlie movement not succeeding, it returned to camp on the 
29tli, and remained there on the 31st of October 

Durinathe nnrnth of November it was encamped at Peebles's Farm, Va., 
be ore Petersburg doing duty on the picket line, and in constructing iV)rtifi- 
catons. On the 0th ot December the 5th corps, to which it was attached, 
sta.ted on a raid along the Weldon railroad. After crossing the Nottawa^ 
river, the regiment assisted in destroying several miles of that railroad Pro- 
nrtl!?l'^M''i>' ^^.^^'^^^^■^' '' '•^^";-"^^^' arriving at its former encan"ipment 
mnvwl ti ; ,\f'f'l\^'S 'here until February 5th, 1805, it broke canip and 
moved to the left of the line, and m command of Colonel Geo. Lockley par- 
ticipated in the engagement on the 6th at Hatcher's Run, losing three killed 
and three taken by the enemy. It remained in camp near that i,lace until the 
29Lh of March On the ;3oth of March the regiment was engaged on an attack 
on the e^^c-my's right at Hatcher's Run, having several vrounded. On the 
morning of the i>9th it broke camp and engaged the enemy the same day on 
the White Oak road and a so on April 1st, at Five Forks; at AmeUa Court 
House on the oth, at High Bridge on the 6th, and at Appomattox Court House 

Oil Lilv t/LiJ* 

From a correspondent: 

of 'muche^s dT'.nd t"he"ll't hf. Y^ 1*'/.^ '^""" ^° '^' ^^^^ "^^''^ *« the south side 
oi iiatcnei s mti and the 1st has also had its portion of the woik to do. We left canio 

fltn T^ "^ ^f 1^^^'- '" ^'^^'^ marching order, and took up our line of march toward 
the let , and reached the river about noon, where the advance was skim, shin- lU.h he 
enen.ys pickets. A crossing was soon effected, and we continuc-d on toward Dwddi^ 
Court House; bivouacked for the night about four miles from the CourtHouse aJ U 
o clock we were aroused and ordered to fall in quietly, and soon were on X ro^d ttiin 

hat we had come out on; following it a couple of mills, we bore to the left ^d sSk 
li'lted'S-d^L^Jt %r'n- ']'f'' "P than where we crossed during the day. He e we 

laltLd for daylight. The night was very cold and the troops suffered considerably nri iv 
having no blankets or overcoats. On Monday morning at daylight the seveSlbri"adel 
and divisions took their positions, our brigade occupying a line of mfSs alo ?o t^'l 
south bank of the nver, constructed by the rebels. All Sas quiet durng the foSioSn 
save an occasional picket gun. About 3 P. M. the 3d division of the 5th corns moved 

iooTth; annokZ^'"'''"" "'""'Tf' '"^-^"^ the enemy's pickets on the mam forc^ and 
soon the attack became general along the whole line. About 4 o'clock our br -ade the 
4th, was ordered up to remforce the line, which was wavering, the eSy ha ini a battel 
"afu^rSrilSgiiund.^ ^'^ ^"'^" "'^^' "^^ ^"^ ^^"^^^^ -"^^ ^° notL^ o.'ing'?"2 
"Lieutenant Colonel George Lockley was in command of the regiment The roar of 
battle was now terrific, and as we neared the Ime of battle the usual scene of cnn?nLn 
presented itself, wounded men by hundreds running, walkhig crawmi-f Tnd Soin o h« 

iZ rZf '''^TA ^^." '^^' "'^^ ^^'^^ ^^'^ huriing and cralhiig S/grtL'^ pi, ?s c t 
tmg the tops and branches m a fearful manner. We were none tSo soon for asv e neared 
the front we met our troops fleeing in disorder from their hue. All attempts to mli them 
were in yam. We begged, implored, and threatened ; they rushed fraiakaliv through om- 
lines cuttmg us entirely in two. The rebels were close after them ad n J ime fas to 
be lost, so we dashed forward through a narrow swamp and gained a lude hZ of hfi 
thrown up by the rebels early in the day. The enemy were also malincrfnr th^ i^ t r I 

^if/r^^^^Tr^K'^f • ""^ "^'^"'^^ «-h amurderoul'^r'e tLtthe Sieff'bu te^^^^^^^^^ 
like chaff. They had reached to withhi ten rods of the works. Falhng back into the ed-e 

Til nf.7°?' they kept up a rapid and galling fire on our position. Hei-rSe^geant gS, 
TiUotson, Co. B, Corporal Oscar Nash, Co. A, and acting Corporal Charles Won derhck' 
«nH ?.f} r ^"'T'^^ '''^"^ instantly killed. Soon bullets began to come in o us both St 
^d fh«V^H"'""''^;,"^^"V^'''. '^« ^"^"^y ^'^^ ^"'"^ «"« «f ^^^ Inevitable Tnk movements 

^boited ■ rXnJback onT^r'n'^ ^.° '^''''''' ^^'""' ''^^ ^^^tter about fa^and^^ 

aooutea, lallmg back one hundred rods, forming a new line and checkino' tho nHx..,n,.« 

of the enemy. Darkness put a stop to further fighting hat Say. Dur"n| tte niih a 

slitZu IZ "^ ^'^'yr^t""' "'^V"' ^"^■"'"^' to rain, which poured alF n Tday fStzing 
as t teU, a«d we without tents. But time and space prevents further writing now ^ 
Vpn?^"" Lieutenant Colonel Geo. Lockley being wounded. Brevet Majir Cornehus B 
Vanvalor assumed the command and at this writing etiU has command of the rogfment " * 



186 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

After the surrender of Lee the regiment proceeded to City Point, and was 
on duty there until xMay Itlth, when it took transports for Alexandria, arriving 
there on the 18th, and on the 16th of June left for Louisville, Ky., by rail, 
which it reached on the 21st, and encamped near Jeffersonville, lad. On 
the 9th of July the regiment was mustered out of service, and started, in 
command of Colonel Lockley, for Jackson, in this State, on the 10th, arriving 
there on the 12th, where it was paid oif and disbanded. 

The First was engaged with the eneujy while in service at Mechanicsville, 
Va., June 26, 1862; Gaines's Mill, Va., June 27, 18G2; Peach Orchard, Va., 
June 29, 1862; Savage Station, Va., June 29, 1862; Turkey Bend, Va., June 
'60, 1S62; White Oak Swamp, Va., June 30, 1862; Malvern Hill, Va., July 1, 
1862; Uarrison's Landing, Va., July 2, 1862; Gainesville, Va., August 29, 
1862; Bull Kun, 2d, Va., August 30, 1862; Antietam, Md., September 17, 
1862; Shepardstown Ford, Va., September 20, 1862; Snicker's Gap, Va., No- 
vember 14, 1862; Fredericksburg, Va., December 13, 14, 1862; U. S. Ford, 
Va., January 1, 1863; Chancellorsville, Va., May 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 1863; Kelly's 
Ford, Va., June 9, 1863 ; Ashby's Gap, Va., June 21, 1863 ; Gettysburg, Penn., 
July 2, 3, 4, 1863; Williamsport, Md., July 12. 1863 ; Wapping Heights, Va., 
July 21, 1863; Culpepper, Va., October 13, 1863; Brandy Station, Va., Oc- 
tober 13, 1863; Bristo Station, Va., October 14, 1863; Kapitahannock Station, 
Va., November 7, 1863; Cross Roads, Va., November 26, 1863; Mine Kun, 
Va., November 29, 1863; Wilderness, Va., May 5, 7, 1864; Laurel Hill, Va., 
Mav 8, 1864; Po Kiver, Va., May 10, 1864; Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864; 
Ny Kiver, Va., May 21, 1864; North Anna, Va., May 23, 1864; Jericho Mills, 
Va., May 24, 1864; Noel's Turn, Va., May 26, 1864; Tolopotomy, Va., May 
30, 1864; Magnolia Swamp, Va., June 1, 1864; Bethesda Church, Va., June 
2, 1864; Petersburg, Va., June 18, 1864; Weldou R. R., Va., iVugust 19, 
20, 21, 1864; Peeble's Farm, Va., September 30, 1864; Hatcher's Run, Va., 
October 27, 1864; Nottaway Court House, Va., December 8, 1864; Dabney's 
Mills, or Hatcher's Run, February 6, 7, 1865; Hatcher's Run, Va., March 25, 
1865; White Oak Road, Va., March 29, 1865; Five Forks, Va., April 1, 1865; 
Amelia Court House, Va., April 5, 1865; High Bridge, Va., April 6, lb'65; 
Aiiponiatiox Court House, Va., April 9, 1865; siege of Petersburg, Va., from 
June 17, 1864, to April 3, 1865. 

This regiment had carried on its rolls in all 1,346 officers and men, and had 
lost 12 officers and 103 men killed in action, 3 officers and 32 men died from 
wounds, while 1 officer and 92 men had died of disease, being 243 of a total. 

" What hallows ground where heroes sleep ? 
'Tis not the sculptured piles you heap! 
In dews that heavens far distant weep 

Their turl' may bloom; 
Or genii twine beneath the deep 

Their coral tomb." 

Note.— It was at the second battle of Bull Eun that a cannon ball carried off a poor 
soldirr's log. 

•' Carry uio to the rear!" he cried, to a tall Irish companion, who had been fighting by 
hiH Hide—" My leg's sliot off." 

Tin- coiiirudi) cimglit the wounded soldier up, and as he was about to put him across his 
Hlioulder, another c-aniion ball carried away the poor fellow's head. His friend, however, 
In the oonfiibion, did not notice Ihis, but proceeded with his burden toward the rear. 
"Wliat are you currying that thing for?" cried an oflicer. "Thing?" returned he. 
" Il'h u man wld his leg shot off." " "Why, he hasn't anv head!" cried the officer. The 
hn|.ii,.r looked ai his loud, and for the first time saw that what the officer said was true. 
'ilirowlng down the body he thundered out: "Confound him! he tould me it was his 
K-gl" 



SECOND REGIMENT INFANTRY. 



Arise! let our banner be flung to the skies! 

See, the northern battalions are roused to the fight! 
The echoing mountains shall walie to our cries; 

Our country and liberty! God and the right! 

The 2d Infantry was recruited and called into service as a three months' 
regiment, and was rendezvoused as such under the following order- Ijut on 
mstructions from the War Department, it was reorganized and enlisted for three 
years, allowing those who did not desire to enter the service for that term to with- 
draw, and the members of companies who remained were recognized as in the 
service of the State from the date of the order referred to until mustered into 
the service of the United States, and were paid by the State accordingly : 

MILITAKY DEPAKTMENT, MICHIGAN 
Adjutant General's Office, 
Detroit, Mick., April 25th, 1861. 

GENERAL OEDER No. 6. 

I. The 2d Eegiment Michigan Infantry is now formed, and the following officers are 
hereby appointed: Israel B. Richardson, to be colonel; Henry L. Chipman to bo hVn 
tenant colonel; A. W. Williams, to be major. ^ ^mpman, to be heu- 

II. The following companies will constitute the regiment, viz.: Scott Guard Adri-m 
Guard, Hudson Artillery (as infantry), Flint Union Guard, Battle Creelv ArtiUerv a? 
infantry), Constantine Union Guard, East Saginaw Guard, Kalamazoo Light Guard 
Kalamazoo No. 2, Niles Company. ^ vjuaiu, 

III The captains of these companies will report forthwith by letter to their colonel at 
Detroit, and await his orders before moving. ^wiunei, au 

IV. The colonel will, in orders, designate the letters of companies and the rank of th^ 
captains respectively, and complete the organization. 

******•♦, 
By order of the Commander-in-Chief, 

JNO. ROBERTSON, 

Adjutant General. 

With the exception of the Kalamazoo (No. 2) and Niles, the rec^iment was 
made up of the uniformed militia companies, and all were recruited and 
organized at the places named. 

On I he receipt of his appointment. Colonel Richardson promptly issued the 
following order: 

Headqtjartees 2d Rko't Mich. Infantry ) 
Detroit, April 2Uth, ISb'l, ' \ 

BATTALION ORDER No. 1. 

I. Quarters for the accommodation of this regiment being now in preparation for its 
reception, its different companies will commence their movements upon this olace on 
I uesday next, under direction of their respective captains y ^ 



188 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

II Each comnanv \yill so ananire its movements as to arrive in this city during the day 
time, the captain reporting in person to the colonel, who will designate the position of 
each' to occupy in "line of battle." 

IV. The quarters at the Agricultural Fair Grounds to be occupied by the regiment will 
hereafter be known under the name of Cantonment Blair. 

I. B. RICHARDSON, 

Colonel Second Michigan Infantry. 

The companies assigned to this regiment had been anxiously awaiting at 
their ret^peciive locutions for acceptance into service, and on the receipt of the 
order of the 2Gth to rendezvous at Detroit, with remarkable promptness imme- 
diately commenced their movement, and all were in camp on the evening of the 
27th, much to the surprise of the colonel who had expected that some days 
would elapse before they would reach camp, and as a cousequence the quarters 
were not in good condition for their reception. 

Extract from Colonel Kichardsou's Battalion Order No. 4, dated at Oantou- 
ment Bhiir, May 1st, 1861 : 

The different companies composing this regiment will take their positions in line of 
buttle from right to left in the following order, and will be known hereafter by the annexed 
letters : 

Scott Guard, known as Company A. 

Hudson Artillery, known as Company B. 

Battle Creek Artillery, kuown as Company C. 

Adrian Guard, known as Company D. 

Niles (Color Company), known as Company E. 

Flint Union Gieys, known as Company F. 

Constantine Union Guard, known as Company G. 

East Saginaw Guard, known as Company H. 

Kalamazoo Light Guard No. 1, known as Company I. 

Kalamazoo Blair Guard No. 2, known as Company K. 

* ^4c ^ ^ ^ iit Hi ^ if 

While in process of organization the regiment was transferred to Fort Wayne, 
near Detroit, where its recruitment was completed, being mustered into the 
service of the United fStates May 2oth, 18G1, with l,Ulo OfHcers and men on 
its rolls, bea)<j tiie lirst of the tiii'ce years' regiments raised iu the State. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Colonel, Israel B. Richardson (formerly of the r(\gular army), Pontiac. Lieutenant 
Colonel, Honry L. Cliipman, Detroit. Major, Adolplms W. Williams, Lansing. Surgeon, 
Alonzo B. Palm(;r, Ann Arbor. Assistant Surgeon, Henry F. Lyster, Detroit. Adjutant, 
Will. J. Lyt^ter, Detroit. Quartermaster, , . Chaplain, , 

A. Captain, Louis DiUnian, Detroit. First Lieutenant, John V. Ruehle, Detroit. 
Second Lieutenant, Gustave Kast, Detroit, 

B. Captain, Reuben A. Beach, Hudson. First Lieutenant, Cyrus E. Bigelow, Hudson. 
Second Lieutenant, Tilson C. Baidon, Hudson. 

C. Cui)tuin, Coineiius Byington, I3attlo Creek. Fiist Lieutenant, Joseph M. Barton, 
Battle Cn-ek. Second Lieutenant, Joseph F. Gilman, Battle Creek. 

D. CupUiin, Wiliiaiii Huiiiphiey, Adrian. First Lieutenant, Frank M. Wood, Adrian. 
Second Lifuienanl, William L. Burlingame, Adrian. 

E. Cupuiiii, Rolu'it Biellischneider, Niles. First Lieutenant, Benjamin Brownell, 
Niios. Srrniiil Lieutenant, Jerome Beiils, Niles. 

F. Cuptain, William R. Mdise, Flint. First Lieutenant, William Turver, Flint. Sec- 
ond LicuL»!nunt, JamcB Fanand, Flint. 

O. Ca|)Uiin, John A. Lawson, Constantine. First Lieutenajit, Richard T. Morton, 
CoMHluntine. Second Lieutenant, William J. Lyster, Detroit. 

II. CapLuin, NViiliam 1,. Whipple, Detroit. "First Lieutenant, Emil Moores, Detroit. 
Second Liuutunanl, John Leidlin, Saginaw. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 189 

I. Captain, Dwight May Kalamazoo. First Lieutenant, William J. Handy, Kalamazoo. 
Second Lieutenant, John M. Norvell, Detroit. "iaz,uu. 

K. Captain, Charles S. j\Jay, Kalamazoo. First Lieutenant, George W. Park Kala- 
mazoo. Second Lieutenant, Harry C. Church, Kalamazoo. 

The reo;inient moved from its rendezvous at Fort Wayne, June 6th, for the 
field in Virginia, arriving in Washington on June 10th, and a few days later 
took up Its quarters at Camp Winfield Scott, on Washington Eights. 

The ladies of Niles gave a National color of silk to Company E before it 
left that city to join the regiment in Detroit, which afterward became the re<r- 
imental color. It was carried by the regiment through all its liard fou^'lit bat- 
tles up to and including Fredericksburg, wlien it had become so tattered by 
wear, and by some forty bullet holes, that it was deemed unserviceable, and 
was returned to the donors, who treasure it highly. It possesses a (ra'llant 
record, having come out gloriously from every eniragement, while eleven of its 
upholders or defenders were either killed or wounded. 

Its first engagement was at Blackburn's Ford, Va., July 18th, 1801 with a 
small loss in wounded, serving in General Tyler's Division. Colonel Richard- 
son being in command of the brigade and Lieutenant Colonel Chipnian havin^r 
been appointed a captain in the regular army, the command of the rec^imenl 
devolved upon Major Williams. ° 

In Lossing is found the following: 

Toward noon Tyler went out on a reconnoissance toward Blackburn's Ford takin<^ with 
hmi Lichardson s brigade, a squadron of cavaliy, and Ayres's battery, and holdin-^Sher 
man s brigade in reserve. He found the Confederates in heavy force. Beaure-anl who 
had been informed of all of McDowell's movements by spies and traitors was t'lere and 
had ordered up from Manassas some North Carolina and Louisiana troops who had' iust 
arnvod there on their way to Winchester. The woods were so thick that his forces were 
mostly concealed, as well as his batteries, excepting one on an open elevation Honinff 
to draw their hre and discover their position, Ayres's battery was placed on a coramandinl 
eminence, and a 20-pound cannon, under Lieutenant Edwards, was fired at random Onlv 
the battery m view responded, and grapeshot from it killed two cavalry horses and 
wounded two men. Richardson now sent forward the Second Michigan regiment as skir 
mishers. Ihey were soon engaged in a severe contest in the woods, on a level bottom 
near the Run. The Third Michigan, First Massachusetts, and Twelfth New York were 
pushed forward to support the advance, and these, too, were soon fighting severely." 

General Tyler, commanding the troops at Blackburn's Ford, says ia his 
report of the affair : 

********** 

"Having satisfied myself that the enemy was in force, and also as to the -position of his 
batteries I oroered Colonel Richardson to withdraw his brigade, which was skillfully but 
unwillingly accomplished, as he requested permission with the 1st Massachusetts and 2d 
and Jd Michigan regiments to charge the enemy and drive him out. It is but iustice to 
these regiments to say that they stood firm, maneuvered well, and I have no doubt would 
have backed up mantully the proposition of their gallant commander." 

Tiie regiment, although not actually engaged at Bull Run, had the honor, 
togetiicr with the Third Michigan, of covering the retreat from that disastrous 
field. 

The correspondent of the New York Tribune, in writing regarding the stam- 
pede from Bull Run, says: 

"I was told that a few regiments, beside the three faithful ones of Blenkor's bri-ade 
had come in m lair order, and that they were the 2d and 3d Michigan and the Massachu 
setts 1st, of Richardson's brigade. I should be glad if it were so " Massachu- 



litO MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

The following is a repoit of Colonel Kichardson on the subject, made to 
General McDowell, through his Assistant Adjutant General : 

DEPARTMENT N. E. VIRGINIA, ) 

HeADQUABTEKS 4th 13RIGn4.DE, [• 

August 12th, 2861. ) 

Captain: — Pprmit me to correct an unintentional error that has crept into Brigadier 
General McDowell's official report of the engagement of July 21st : 

By command of Brigadier General McDowell, given me hi presence of Colonel Jackson, 
18th New York Volunteers, and of Captain Whipple of the Engineer corps, to conduct the 
retreat, and to covei the retreat with my brigade, I did so cover the retreat from Centre- 
ville. I brought up the rear with my brigade in the following order : 12th New York lead- 
ing, followed by 1st Massachusetts ; the 3d Michigan taking up position, kept in rear, and 
followed by the 2d -Michigan. About one mile this side of Centreville we were obliged to 
halt on account of other regiments, and the 2d Michigan then took the position of the 3d 
Michigan, and thus marching in good order we reached Arlington about 4 o'clock P. M. on 
Monday, the 22d, and went into camp, having moved in rear of all other regiments and 
batteries. At Fairfax we were so far in rear that no troops (of our own forces) were in 
sight. Will you do my brigade the credit of this correction. 

I. B. RICHARDSON, 

Captain James B. Fey, Colonel. 

Assistant Adjutant General, Arlington. 

Lossing is good authority on this point, and says: 

"Leaving the sick, and wounded, and dying, who could not be removed, under proper 
care-takers in a stone church at Centreville (which was used a long time as a hospital) , 
the army moved 1 1 )rward at a little past ten o'clock, with Colonel Richardson's briuade as 
a rear-guard. Most of them reached the camps near Washington, which they had left in 
high spirits on the 16th, before daylight. Richardson left Centreville at two o'clock in the 
morning, when all other troops and batteries had retired, and twelve hours afterward he 
was with his brigade on Arlington Hights." 

During the winter the regiment lay near Alexandria, and in March, in com- 
mand of Colonel Orlando M. Poe, Lieutenant of the U. S. Engineer corps, 
■who had been commissioned Colonel, September IGth, 1861, in place of Kich- 
ardson apjwinted Brigadier General, entered on the Peninsula campaign under 
General McClellan, serving in Berry's brigade, Kearny's division, Heintzel- 
nnin's corps, being the 3d brigade, '6d division, 3d corps, and took part in the 
seige of Yorktown, and was in the engagements following : At Williamsburg, 
May 5Mi, at Fair Oaks, May 31st, at Charles City Cross Roads, June 30th, and 
on July 1st at Malvern Hill; its casualties at Williamsburg being seventeen 
killed, thirty-eight wounded, and five missing; at Fair Oaks ten killed and 
forty-seven wounded, and in the actions of June 30th and July 1st, two killed 
and nineteen wounded. 

At Williamsburg the regiment was in immediate command of Colonel Poe, 
with Lieutenant Colonel Williams commanding on the right, and Major Dill- 
uian on the left: 

Report of Colonel Poe: 
To Captain Slurgis, A. A. A. G., Kearny's Division: 

Siii:— In conformity with in.stnictions from division headquarters, I have the honor to 
Bubmit tlio followmg report of the part taken by the 2d Micliigan Volunteers in the action 
or .^londuy, the 5th instant, in front of Williiim^burg: 

AfU;r un o.\cussively fatiguing march, the last three miles of which we made without knap- 
8ui;kH, t 10 regiment reached the scene of action about 2 o'clock P. M, I had previously 



recriveil uislrurtions from the General connnanding the division as to the disposition I 
\vn» to niak(! ul the rrginicnt, which witliout halting went into action, two companies to 
V'" '.'^ "'1 *^^" '"'""'"'"''••■^ l-** t,he left of the road, six companies being held in rcsei-ve. 
Ataboul J.JU to-l 1'. M. on." mure comiianv was lluown from the reserve to the right of the 
rouU tuid tuiothur to the left. It was at this time, and while giving Captain Morse his 



k 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 191 

mstructions, that he feU severely wounded. At about 5 P. M. the companies which had 
been actively engao^ed from the lirst, grew short of ammunition, when 1 threw forward the 
four companies of the reserve which had not been engaged. These four companies did 
not leave their ground until finally ordered to do so. 

I must express in the highest terms my satisfaction with the conduct of both officers 
and men. Ihey acted under the eye of the General commanding the division and never 
once tailed to respond to his directions. 

When the conduct of all was so good it is perhaps invidious to attempt to distinguish 
any, yet I feel compeUed to speak of the cool and daring conduct of Lieutenant Dobson 
(wounded) and Wallace (killed). The latter refused to leave the ground after being once 
wounded, and remained, doing excellent service until a ball through his head killed him 
ihere are plenty of others who deserve the same commendation, but I onlv speak of what 
came under my own notice. 

I ought perhaps to speak of Private Allen, who was a new recruit, never having had a 
musket until the day before ; he was found dead beside a dead foe, each transfixed by the 
other s bayonet. ^ 

The regiment took into action three hundred. The loss is as follows- Killed 17- 
wounded, 38; missing, 5, supposed to be prisoners; total, 00. During the action Lieuten- 
ant Colonel Wilhams commanded upon the right of the road, Major Dillman upon the 
left, while I exercised in person general supervision over the whole line. 

Very respectfully, 0. M. POE, 

Colonel 2d Michigan Volunteers. 

Lossing says : 

"Hooker had repeatedly called on Sumner for help, but could get none, for that officer 
had ordered a large portion of the troops in hand to tlie right, under Hancock, to keep the 
confederates m check in that direction, and to flank the vvorks if possil)le. So he fou"ht 
on, maintaining his ground until between -1 and 5 o'clock, when the gallant and dasliiii" 
Philip Kearny came up with his division, with orders from Heintzelman (who with his staff 
had arrived early in the afternoon) to reheve Hooker's worn and fearfully thinned reo-i- 
ments. Kearny pressed to the front and Hooker's troops withdrew from the light and rest'ed 
as a reserve. 

* * * * * *■» * „, 

"Kearny deployed Beny's brigade to the left of the Williamsburg road, and Birney's 
to the right, and at the same time two companies of Poe's 2d Michigan were pr.'ssed for- 
ward to cover the movement and drive back confederate skirmishers who were almost 
silencing the National batteries. 

**** ***♦» 

" The battle, which was lagging when Kearny arrived, was renewed with spirit, and the 
Nationals began to slowly push back their foe." 

Extracts from correspondence of the New York Tribune in relation to the 
regiment at the battle of Williamsburg: 

" The regiment was in the hottest of the fight. By the confession of prisoners 800 of 
Berry's men (mostly Michigan) drove back at the point of the bavonet 1,GU0 rebels' 
_ " There were four companies of the 2d Michigan heavily engaired at Wilhamsburg two 
m command of Captam William Humphrey and two commanded by Captain W. J. Htuidv 
The other companies of the regiment were partially engaged. The regiment lost in the 
action seventeen killed, thirty-eight wounded, and tour missing." 

The following is the official order relative to the part taken at Williamsburg 
by Berry's brigade, composed of the 2d, 3d, and 5th Michigan : 

Headquarters 3d Brigade, Kearny's Division, { 
On Williamaburg Battle-field, May 8th, 1S62. ' \ 
Special Orders. 

Tlie commander of the brigade takes great pleasure in making this official communica- 
tion \.o his command: That they, by heroic fortitude, on Monday last, by makmg a forced 
march through mud and rain, each vying with the other to see who could most cheerfully 
stand the hardships the time called for, making thereby a march that others shrank from 
coming into a light at double-quick, made doubtful to our side by tiie overwhelming mass 
of the enemy poured upon our center; by a rajml deploy and'quick formation, and by 
coomess, precision, and energy, beat back the enemy, recuptunng our lost position and 



192 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

artillory, and also by a heroic charge took a stronghold of the enemy, and thereby dis- 
lodged him and drove him on the plain below his well-chosen position, have done them- 
selves great honor, have honored the States of Michigan and New Yorli, and have won a 
name in historv that the most ambitious might be proud of. 

Our loss of brave comrades has indeed been large. We mourn the departed. ^ " Green 
be the turf above them. " They have a place in our heart's memory, and in the history of 
our common country. 

Soldiers! you have won by your bravery the hearts of all your commanders— brigade, 
division, corps, and even those higher in command. 

Soldiers, I thank you; my superiors thank you ; your country thanks you, and will 
remember you in history. 

Our labors are not yet over ; the insolent rebels that have endeavored to destroy, and 
have laid to ruin and waste portions of the best government and the finest land of earth, 
are still in force, and to be conquered in our tights. I have pledged you, men of the 3d 
brigade, in all future trials. I know my men ; they are not pledged in vain. 

Couimatiders of regiments will have this order read at the head of their respective regi- 
ments this afternoon. 

E. G. BEEEY, 
Brigadier General, Commanding 3d Brigade. 

Ofticial : Edwin M. Smith, A. A. A. G. 

Letter of General Kearny to the commanding General : 

HEADQUAETEES 3d DIVISION, > 
Camp Bebky, >• 

Barkamsville, Va., May 10th, 1S62. ) 
SiTi :— The events which crowded on us after the battle of the 5th, its stormy night, the 
care of the wounded, the attention to the slain, the collection of the trophies, the moves 
of the next day, havhig prevented my report embracing the distinguished acts, of individ- 
uals, not serving in my actual presence, induced me to request that the superior authority 
of the commander of the corps would be employed to usse, as my own, the separate report 
of those, my brigade commanders, who so nobly sustained my effort by their gallantry ; 
and who amply fulfilled the high prestige which they had won as colonels of noble 
regiments. 

The battle on the left of the line was a series of assaults by the enemy, and repulses and 
onsets by ourselves, the fresh reinforcements of the enemy continually tending to outflank 
us. General Berry was ever on the alert, and by good arrangements and personal exam- 
ple influenced the ardor of all around him. His regiments fought most desperately. It 
was one of them. Colonel Poe's 2d Michigan, more direetly under my control, which main- 
taii;eti the key point of our position. Two of its companies led off with the first success 
of tli(! day, while covering the artillery. 

Colonel Poe had already won a reputation in "Western Virginia. He was a distinguished 
oflleer of the U. S. Army before taking command of this regiment. I especially notice 
him for advancement. His loss in killed, wounded, and missing is sixty. 

The principal loss on the left, of the two regiments (the fourth of the brigade) , 3d Mich- 
igan Volunteers, Colonel Champlin, serving immediately under the eye of General Berry, 
was very severe. The loss was ninety-six" 

Colonel Terry, conunanding the 5th Michigan, was principally engaged in carrying rifle 
pits (a redoubt) in the woods. His loss is the highest on the list of killed and wounded, 
being 154. 

I have Lho honor to bo Very respectfully, 

PHILIP KEAENY, 
Brigadier General. 

At Fair Oaks the 2(1, still in command of Colonel Poe, is conspicuously 

marked for bravery. The press of the day says: 

" Meantime Hcintzelman sends forward Kearny to recover Casey's lost ground. A des- 
poral."^ light is going on at the extreme left. The enemy is successfully held in front of 
CoueirB old intrenched camp until Kearny's division arrives, when he stavs the torrent 
of battle. Onn after another his gallant regiments push forward, and press "back the fiery 
rebels, with more daring than their own. The 55th New York wins new laurels, and Poe's 
2(1 Michigan Is bullied in blood; 500 of them charge across the open field against ten times 
their number, su.pping them in mid-career, losing seventeen brave fellows in that one 
doBpcrute csauy. " 



MICHIGAN I.N THE WAE. I93 

it was Lt on tho1eoo?di',"„f ;::'Ut,T„^^':i;°^r. '' "'"'*=°^'" '° """^ 

days. ToKfrland '''""■'°''™ ""O ^l'"" have lull credit tor thes; 



Your friend. ,.„ 

KEARNY, 
Brigadier General. 



engagements at Jo.dan'sSo.;/cr it'St^^s: a^^^ 

tee/^nSru'd^iltL'To^i^^^^^ 2? ^.«^-ent Michigan Volun: 

Lincoln early in the morning of Jun^ Sth mSin^^^^^ line of march from Camp 

saw mill road until we reached a^ open field thShnH i? *^^ '■^''' •''^ <^^^ ^^'^P- down the 
division as a camping ground ^ ^""^ ^""^ ^^®° occupied by General Couch's 

ligh?Sl.'i;SI"i' tL'S;: ol'the^r r^^^?^^^- ^ ^°^ ^' ^^^- thrown forward to a 
marched from our camp ^Th/eecompaS;s^lr''''^l^l'^f ^""^ ''^'^'^ which we had 
vedettes on the roads le<?dingf-om our ofdcamr^^^^ '^ "^^ '^"^ ™"i *« ^°t as 

throw out scouts to watch the movements of the enemy ^'''''°" ""^ '^"° °^°"P^^^' ^^^^ to 

and K^afthe's'a w mSf wte%Td"'redto dVaw inli "^"^ ' ^^ ^^ ^^^ --P--s C, F 
regiment, which in turn was ordered to^-olntTfh'^ ^I'l^"''^ ^"^ «««"*«' ^^d join the 
works to the rear of us. ^""'^ *''^ brigade, then stationed behind the earth! 

^^^iyoT,:ZTjo\:t^^^^^^ on the road towards Jor- 

lons were to separate, the art iLi? broL fh» T^""® Kearny's and Hooker's divis- 
companies. A, B, D, and G, takin ! [he road to th« "T." .^^^'<^^"^ *^« regiment, four 
crossed about 4 P. M. and w4re soon «V«?o ^^. "^'^^ *°^^^"<i ^he ford? which thev 

pickets who were founjpretty st?ong?y S d smS tie nn"""™ '^J™'^^ ^^*^ *he enemy's 
known) beyond Jordan's. It was soo^n^deentd^mp LtFo .hl?5f "^^.^^^her ford (nameii^t 
age, and the troops were ordered to recroTs jZan'^ F--i ^" .^^^^^"^P* ^^ force a pass- 
regiment, A, B, D, and G, were ordered to h.^^,^fK ^^^: ^^^ companies of the 2d 
of the ford -asaccomplished by herestof tt troon^w^^^^ "°"' ^'^^ recrossing 

front^!>\%1ftL^^rCr;rn'^^dln.^^i:e ^r ^^"' #owrdtls far as the saw miU in 
steps, took the road to.•-raJ:^a■l'^y^^^^^^^ retraced^'thJS 

h^- I^IF f ^""« J"^"ed the column and marched wif-V it /^ *^^ "^'^^'"^ ^^« ^'^cross- 
beyond Bracket's Ford and encamped for thS^nioht ""^^ ^""^ ^^"'^ '^o "^i^es 

joined "tL\'"irde?andTrwSe'ma?c\7dt ^^^™^°.^ ^«-^^^^' -<J the regiment 

we had encanrped for the n gl t Soon afte, v^^ ''° ^T^ '^'^^^'"'^ *« the front of whSe 
on to the expected battle-field .anS at once formed';?".^ T' ^°f 'r" *" ^he left and rear 
the open field; soon we were ordered to a posS ^'"^^^ '"^" - '' "" ^^^ "^^^ ° 

marched to the front, and were nKcefl in no^it i "''''' *" ^I'o right. Fwm here we 
who were hokling a slightl^conS, not ol^ri??".*° support the 2()th Indiana ro-imer 
loose rails. We joined'the'ootirindi u f in'uie' pit^oS' sl "m '"'^f '''T'"'^ to^fhe^ 
under a galling fire from our front and left lank unUlt^^^ with them held it 

As soon as the firing ceased anri ih^ l,t!: uiiiii tl e battle ended. 

ordersto throw out pickets ^f^it Of tuf^ t^e field, we received 

The fine was at once formed and a sharp loX.wtSnth,.?/'' T^en^entsof the enemy, 
to be on the alert, and about mi(lni<'ht ,,/.,> ^ ^ ""' ^'"' "^« <^"emy was observed 

".ul, Ist.-A. . A, M. we were ordered to call 1„ our plc.et, a„d .are. at ooee. We 



194 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

were soon on the road and about 5 A. M. reached Haxall's Landing on the James river. 
After a short rest we were inarched up to the right and front of the line, then being formed 
to meet a threatened attacli of the enemy. On reaching the ground we, with the rest of 
the brigade, were placed in position to support our batteries, that were now placing on 
the enemy's advancing columns, or replying to a fierce fire from his batteries. 

"We reached this position about 9 A. M. and remained here until 12 M. During the 
whole of this time the shot and shell from the enemy's guns were incessantiy flying over 
our heads and through our ranks. At 12 M. we were drawn back under shelter of the 
hill, where we remained until again ordered to march. 

"July 2d.— A httle past midnight and we were again marching and taking the road 
down tiie river, reaching the camp (Harrison's Landing) of the army about 9 A. M. 

"I omitted to mention in the proper connection that Major Dillman was carried to the 
rear at 12 M., July 1st. He was obliged to go, from the excessive labor and fatigue of the 
last few days. 

"By order of Brigadier General Berry I at once assumed command of the regiment." 

The regiment remained at Harrison's Landing until August 15th, when, in 
command of Colonel Poe, it took up the line of march via Charles City in the 
direction of Williamsburg, reaching there on the 18th. On the 19th marched 
to Yorktown, and next day embarked on a steamer for Alexandria, reacliing 
there on the 21st, and on the 23d took a train for Warrenton Junction, from 
whence it marched to Manassas, arriving there on the 28th at noon. At 3 
P. M. left for Centerville, and at Blackburn's Ford met and engaged the 
enemy's cavalry, repulsing them and reaching Centerville at 6 P. M. On the 
29th the regiment, in command of Lieutenant Colonel Dillman, Colonel Poe 
being in command of the brigade, continued the march, and crossing Bull 
Kun moved to the front, deployed as skirmishers, and on recrossing Bull Kun 
soon discovered the enemy in force, when he opened a heavy fire with shell 
and shrapnell from a number of batteries. Soon the regiment was with- 
drawn across the stream under a heavy fire from the batteries. On the 30th, 
again deployed as skinnishers, moving down the stream by the right flank, and 
recrossing it withdrew from the field ; became engaged in protecting the flank 
and rear of the brigade from the numerous assaults of the enemy's cavalry, 
and ahhdugh several furious charges were made they were gallantly repulsed 
and tiie marcli resumed, reaching Centerville about 11 P. M. 

On September 1st tiie regiment, with its brigade, broke camp at Centerville, 
marching in the direction of Fairfax Court House, and when about three miles 
out met the enemy at Chantilly, at 4 P. M., when a severe and bloody engage- 
ment took place, continuing until dark, which put an end to the contest, the 
regiment remaining on picket duty on the battlefield until 3 A. M., then took 
up ilic line of march for Fairfax, arriving there at sunrise. 

During tlic remainder of the montli the regiment made several short 
marciies, finally reacliing Fort Ward, wliere it encamped until on the 25th, and 
tiicn marched to Ui)ton's Hill, and in October the 3d corps, in which the 
regiment was serving, made a reconnoissance as a corps of observation up the 
Potomac as far a.s Fd wards Ferry, Md. 

On October 11th the 2d, with its brigade, broke camp, marching in the 
direction of the (;hain Bridge, and crossing it continued the march via Ten- 
nullytown, Uockvillc, and DanisLown, there bivouacked for the night. Re- 
sumed the march ni-xt morning, and during the forenoon formed line of battle 
to meet Stuart's Cavalry ; tiien proceeded to Fdwards Ferry, reaching there 
at ? P. AI., encamping for the nigiit. Here it remained on i)icket duty along 
the canal until ilie 2«th, when the march was again resumed to White's Ford, 
via Poolsville; then crossed into Virginia, marching in the direction of Lees- 
burg, arriving there on the 3l8t. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. I95 

fi.P^/'^TAr"'; ^f ^^'' "''''''•' ^'^' continued via Mellville, reaching there on 
?ro^. B^lw^^^ the ]5ththe regiment was tfansfeneS 

troai iSeny s bngade Birnoy's division, 3d corps, to 1st brigade, Burns's 
divis.oii^^ 9th corps, and joined the command at AVhite Sulphur'sn n^s sime 
day ^ext day marciied to Bealton Station, on the Orange and A exandr a 
Radroad, and pushed on to near Warrenton Junction. OniL 7th n'^led 
towards Fredericksbnig, arriving opposite that place on the 19th,\vrn he 
regiment was placed on picket duty, and on the 21st went into camp near Fal! 
nouth, and on the 29th to a point in front of Fredericksburg, whe eTt ^48 
placed on duty supporting a battery. ^ 

The regiment crossed the Rappahannock on the first day of the battle of 
Fredericksburg, December 12th, and was held in reserve durin^ the en^r^^^ 
ment but was shelled by the enemy, sustaining a loss of one kil ed ad one 
wounded, and recrossing on the 16th went into camp. 

In J^ebruaiy, 1863, the regiment with its brigade moved to Newport News 
Va., and on the 19Lh of March took its route via Baltimore, PaSbur^ aT'd 
Louisville, to Bardstown, Kentucky. , -^ 'txiieiboui^, ana 

^.^.Tvlo^J^^^^^ colonel of the regi- 

order': "" ' '''' assuming command promulgated the following 

Battalion Order ) Headquakteks Second Michigan Infantry. } 

No 30 ' [ Lebanon, Ay., April 25th, 18G3. ] 

Official: Wm. Noble, Adjutant. ^oS^/^?r H^^II^HrvEY. 

•^ • Lolonel Jd Michigan Injantry. 

Remaining in Kentucky during April and May following, in June, with the 
9th corps. It reintorced the army of General Grant in Mississippi ' 

It served with distinction on the Grant campaign, being enc/agcd in the siecre 

a part o which was the 9th corps, in pursuit of General Johnstone who then 

l\ZrW\\7":lP '■'' '''' ''^r'' '' ^^"'^'^""- ^'--^'-^g from canip a 
rhP il h ' ^^ 'J" .^^"""'^^"^^ ^^ <^olonel Humplirey, and then serving in 

evening of the ]Oth. On the 11th, the regiment being deployed as skirmishers 
wa^ obHri . '"' '^-^ enemy from their rifle pits in fintof the town b i 
ounds ^w.K^ ^^'''^T"?"'' '" ''''''' '^'^^'^^oss in killed and died of 
On ^l.H 1T"'^f^^''^^ ""^^ prisoners, eight; total, fiftv-six. 

On the 13th and 14th, the loss m front of Jackson was two taken prison.,; and 
one wounded. On the 18th and lUtli, the reg^ient burned the d pot ad o e 



196 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

up the track at Madison Station, on the Memphis and New Orleans railroad. 

It then moved via Jackson to Milldale. ^ . ,, « • 4. 

Colonel Humphrey, in his report, thus details its movements in the affair at 

Jackson : 

" A«- «; A M I was ordered by Colonel Leasure, commanding the brigade, to deploy my 
reeiment as skirmishers on the left of the skirmish line of the 1st brigade-to keep my 
connection lith it perfect- to be guided in the movements of my line strictly by those of 
?he reSmenTon mv right, and to advance until I drew the fire of the enemy s artillery 

'•I ft ^nS deployed my regiment as directed, and moved forward, meeting with only 
sli-ht oppos^ion from the enemy until about six o'clock, when he opened a brisk fire along 
mv who^e line. We had come up to the enemy strongly posted in frontof my right on a 
deep water course and on my lelt in a heavy woods. For an hour a brisk skirmish was 
kept up The enemy made a determined resistance, but was gradually forced back toward 

^'- At^7 A*^"m the order came down the line from the right to ' Forward! double-quick!' 
The men at once advanced with a cheer, drove in the enemy's skirmishers through their 
camps and into their reserves, strongly posted in a deep ravine, charged and broke the 
reserve and drove it up out of the ravine into its main support, drawn up in line of batt e 
on the top of the s(Milh bank of the ravine, charged under a hot tire of musketry and artil- 
lery up the steep bank agamst the main body, broke this line, and drove the enemy withm 

'^'^Vo waited now for our support to come up, but on sending for it were surprised to 
And we had none. The regiment on my right, for some reason unknown to me, advanced 
but a short distance, then fell back to the line left by it a few moments before. By some 
mistake the three companies (C, F, and H,) on the left did not advance with the rest of 
the regiment in this charge, which was made with about 170 men. Fifty of these, almost 
one third liad fallen. The enemy was being reinforced and we were entirely without 
support with no connection on the right and no troops on our left. Thus situated, to- 
hold for' any length of time the ground we had so dearly won would be impossible. I 
therefore put my men under cover of the bank of the ravine through which we had ad- 
vanced within twenty yards of the enemy's works, and held the position until the wounded 
were carried to the rear, and then following the movement of the regiment on my right. 
fell back to the line from which we bad advanced an hour before." 

Headquarteks 2d Michigan Infaktky, ) 
BATTAiiiON Okder, ) /«■ front of Jackson, Miss., July 23th, 1S63. ) 

No. — . ' \ 

With a grateful pride I congratulate the officers and men of the regiment who partici- 
pated in tlie engagement of the morning of the 11th inst. 

Oi)posed by a great! v superior force, strongly posted and strongly supported, you 
obfvod with alacrity the ortler to "forward double-quick," and though deployed as skir- 
misiu^rs, your daring, audacious impetuosity earned you against and broke the solid line 
of battle of the ememy, and drove him in confusion behind his works and under cover of 
his artillerv. 

This aciii<ivement you may well claim as among the most brilliant of the war. For a 
skiniiish line, enlirtUy without support, with no connection either on the right or left to 
charge an t.'nemy drawn up in lino of battle, drive him into his works, and charge those, 
is iiM nni)arallelcd undertaking, an undertaking as audacious in conception as it was bril- 
liant in c;xccution. 

.\ State, proud of the many gallant deeds of her gallant sons, will thank you for this 
added lustre to lier ahready brilliant page in the war history of the Union. 

For comrades fallen we mourn. But they fell nobly, in the front, with their faces 
to tlic foe, leaving a bright example of daring deeds worthy of our highest emulation. 

WILLIAM HUMPHREY, 
Colonel Commanding Regiment. 

Ix'iivinjT Milldale August 4th, the regiment proceeded, via Cincinnati and 
Coviiigioii, to Nieholiisvillo, Ky. ; from thence to Crabb Orchard, where it 
encaiupL'd AuL'ust ;3(.'th. Breal<iiig camp on the 10th of September, the 2d 
marched via Ciimberhuid Gaj) to Knoxville, Tenn., where it arrived on the 
iitiih. It remaiiit'd in camp in the neighborliood of Knoxville until October 
8lh, and on lliu lUth, again in the 2d brigade, it took part in the engagement 



MICHIGAN IN THE yVAU. 197 

^t Blue Springs where its loss was oue wounded. On the 20th it arrived again 
at Kuoxville, whence it moved via Loudon to Lenoir, and on November 8th 
commenced buildincr winter quarters. 

In the meantime 'the rebels, under General Longstreet, had commenced their 
advance on Knoxville, and the 2d, in command of Major Bvington, Colonel 
Hun.phrey benig ui command of the brigade, was again ordered into the field 
to assist m clieckmg them. On the 17th it fell back with the army toward 
Knoxyi le, and was engaged at Loudon November 14th, at Lenoir Station on 
the loth, and especially at Camj)bcirs Station on the 16th, where a sharp 
action took place, the regiment losing 31 killed, wounded, and missing. On the 
1 .th 1 fell baclv witli tiie army to Knoxville, brisk skirmishuig being kept up 
with tiie enemy during the movement. off 

The regiment actively assisted in the defense of Knoxville until the 4th of 
December, when the enemy withdrew. The hardships and privations of the 
siege were very great, the men suffering especially from want of sutMcient food 
and clothing. November 24th the regiment charged the enemy's works with 
a loss m casualties of 80. 

Among the killed were Adjutant Noble and Lieutenant Galpin, and among 
the mortally wounded were Major Byingtou and Lieutenant Zoellner. 

lie regiment is mentioned in connection with the operations at Knoxville 
on the 24th, m the '' Rebellion Record," as follows: 

"November 24th.— Skirmishing commenced early and briskly on our left frnni fhm 
moruing. The rebels had gained a hill and thrown up rifle-pis nea? the round luM^^ 
durmg the night. The 48th Pennsylvania and 21st Ma'LsachulSs dariBg the monS^ 
charged the pits and drmng the rebels out at the point of the bayonft cov3 he 
trenches and returned to their own, with a loss of two killed and four wounded On ou? 
lett, for some hours, the fire of the sharp-shooters was quite hot from a house above the 
rebel trenches The 2d Michigan charged there, also, in the most^aUant manner and 
drove the rebels back. A fierce and bloody engagement ensued, with great Son bo h 
back." '' '-^^^'^^^S m possession of the works, which liiey obUterated and feU 

From the New York Tribune: 

"About 8 o'dock A. M., November 24th, General Ferrero, acting under orders sent 
forward the 2d Mic ugan to charge the enen^y's rifle-pits and drive them out The S 
ment was sustained by our batteries as long as it was safe to fire over the loads o our 
men ihey ^'ent down the long slope, over the fallen trees, and through the debrisZ 
front, upon the double quick, attacking, driving out the rebels from the r nits ai d 
occupymg them for about hall an hour, fighting hand to hand with th^ i?be s over t le 
impalement. They met, however, a whole brigade, and being overpowered sent baH- fo? 
reinforcements. Meantime Adjutant Noble and Lieutenant Ga?pin Ce k'llerand N a or 
Bymgton was badly wounded. Lieutenant Zoellner mortally, besides a large nimber o 
men The Major, seeing that the effort to hold the place was fruitless, ordered h"s men 
to retire. He was immediately made a prisoner." ^^oo, uiucitu ms men 

Knoxville being closely besieged by Longstreet, Lossing says: 
98H ?T.^i ''•''® ^M s^^^.^^'^ion.of affairs when, at 11 o'clock on Saturday night (November 
procLdedT: aUacklorSa^dSl '^^^' ^''^ ^^°^'^' ^"^ ^^« ^arkness^hi?k, LngstreS 

"AH that was done by Longstreet on the night of the attack was to drive in the 

he onenod aTno!.'!.'^ ""'^' "",^ ^^'^ "?' ''!^'-^''^'- ^^^^^ ^^^^'^ ^ ^'^^^^^ the next VonTg 
he opened a funous cannonade hum his batteries in advance of Armstrong's. This was 
answered by lloemer's battery, on College Hill, and was soon answered by a trcn edous 
yeU from the Conlederates as they rushed forward at the double quick to storm the foit 

thrir^hnp'^^'ThoiPrf i^'/r^'''^'^ ^"■'^''^^ ^°''T'''''^ ^° ^^« a^^'^t'S, which somewlmt confused 
bv ft Whili ?l,I! J if ''''■;'' '-" ^.^^^-^e/'I^'Stacle, and whole companies were prostrated 
by it. While they were thus bewildered, tlie double-shotted guns of General Ferrero, 



198 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

the skillful commander of the fort, were playing fearfully on the Confederates, under the- 
du-ection of Benjamin (Burnside's chief of artillery) . 

"The assailants pressed on, gained the ditch, and attempted to scale the parapet. 
One officer (Colonel McElroy) actually gained the summit and planted the flag of the 13th 
Mississippi there, but a moment afterward his body, pierced by a dozen bullets, 4;olled, 
with his flag, into the ditch, which Benjamin's guns in the salient swept with a murderous 
enfilading fire. That hero actually took shells in his hand, ignited the fuses, and threw 
them over into the ditch with terrible effect. The storm was too heavy for the assailants 
there, and about three hundred of them surrendered. Then the assault ceased. Fort 
Saunders was saved, and with it, without doubt, Knoxvilie, and possibly Burnside's- 
armv. 

"Longstreet, finding his flank turned by an overwhelming force of adversaries near, 
raised the siege and retreated toward Russellville in the dii-ection of Virginia, pursued by 
Burnside's forces. 

" Longstreet had promised his soldiers that thev should dine in Knoxvilie that day; but 
they were otherwise engaged in burying their dead outside of its defenses, by permission 
of General Burnside, who lent them ambulances to remove the bodies of their comrades 
within the Confederate lines." 

A portion of a picket line in front of Fort Saunders was made up of details 
from the 2d Michigan, in command of Captain Charles H. Hodskin, and on 
fallint;; back took possession of the ditch in front of the fort, a portion of 
which they continued to hold until the rebel forces were driven from the- 
attack. 

Four companies of the 2d Michigan, A, H, G, and F, in command of 
Captain Einil Moores, occupied a short rifle-pit adjoining the left rampart of 
Fort Saunders, being on that side of the fort not fronting the enemy, but on 
the side toward Kno.xville, and was not enclosed by a wall or rampart, and 
when the main attack was made these companies moved inside the fort and 
defended a portion of the principal work. 

The other six companies, K, B, I, E, C, and D, in command of Captain J. 
V. Ruehle, Jr., were in the rifle-pit, extending from the right rampart of the 
fort, the 20th Michigan being between them and the fort. 

Headquarters Ninth Army Corps, | 
Gekeraij Order, ) Knoxvilie, December 1st, 1863. ) 

No. 72. S 

The commanding general desires particularly to congratulate the officers and soldiers- 
composing the garrison of Fort Saunders on their gallant conduct during the assault on 
that work on the morning of the 29th inst. To Benjamin's battery, with such portions of 
Buckley's and Roemer's as were with them in the fort, the 79th Regiment of New York 
Volunteers, the 2d Regiment Michigan Volunteers, and a detachment of the 29th Massa- 
chusetts Volunteers, is due the credit of repulsing a picked column of the enemy, killing, 
wounding, and taking prisoners therefrom treble their own number, beside capturing 
three sUuid of colors. 

To all the officers and soldiers of the corps too much praise cannot be awarded for the 
heroism, patience, and valor displayed by them on all occasions for the last three weeks. 
Whi-ncver you havo met the enemy in battle or skirmish you have shown your superiorit}'. 

Th(! enemy can no longer afford to remain inactive. Already large forces are pressing 
forwurd to our r»!lit>f from different points. Should he hazard an attack on our lines before 
retreating, he will find that his reception at Fort Saunders was a foretaste of what he will 
receive at every point of our works. 

By oommaini of Brigadier General R. B. Potter. 

NICHOLAS BROWN, A. A. G. 

The extreme sulloring from cold and hunger of Burnside's army at Knoxvilie 
was without a parallel in the wliole war. Following is a memorandum of an 
inspection of one brigade, wliich unquestionably represented the condition of 
Burnside's entire army at that time : 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 



199 



Jackson, December 2d, 1879. 
General John Robertson, Adjutant General, Lansing, Michigan : 

Dear Sir: — I do not yet find the orders concerning the naming of the forts about 
Knoxville, Tennessee, but to-day I find a memorandum of an inspection of the brigade, of 
which I was temporarily in command on the 4th of January', 1864, while we were in camp 
at Blaiu's Cross-Roads, East Tennessee. The memorandum is confined to the condition of 
the men as to requisite clothing for winter wear, but we were as short of all other classes 
of supplies as of clothing, and for the same reason, viz.: no communication with our base 
of supplies. 

The numbers in the several columns show the number of men in the several regiments 
destitute of clothing as per the " headings": 

MEMORANDUM. 



BEGIMENTS IN BRIGADE. 



Second Michigan Infantry 

One Hundredth Pennsylvania... 
Twentieth Michigan Infantry.. . 
Seventeenth Michigan Infantry.. 
Provost Guard 

Totals 



■ 
















d 






£ 








c 
a 
o 

3 

a 






3 - 
C w 


o 
J3 
OB 


c 
e 

n 


> 
o 


a 


o 

00 


2 

1 


c "S 


S " 


o 


o 


o 


- 






o 




^ 


Z 


!5 


IZ 


z 


^ 


S5 


a 


z 


70 


63 


7 


42 


35 


99 


PO 


31 


6 


150 


108 


24 


164 


62 


223 


85 


47 


3 


53 


121 


17 


123 


75 


169 


89 


§6 


1 


92 


84 


16 


128 


40 


150 


51 


49 


2 


9 


10 


1 


14 


6 


16 


10 


3 




374 


386 


65 


471 


218 


657 


295 


186 


11 






6 " 



186 
297 
300 
210 
22 

1,015 



If the above is of any use to you it is at your service. 

Very respectfully, 

WM. HUMPHREY. 
Late Colonel 2d Michigan Infantry. 



December 8th the regiment marched, in command of Captain J. V. Kuehle, 
to Rutledge, and on the 15th met the enemy at Thurley's Ford, and thence on 
the 16th to Blain's Cross Roads, where it remained until the middle of January, 
1864. At this place 198 of the regiment reenlisted as Veteran Volunteers. 
From Blain's Cross Roads it proceeded to Strawberry Plains and Knoxville, 
thence to Erie Station, where it encamped until February 4th. Here it re- 
ceived orders to report at Detroit, and arrived there on the 24th, the returning 
veterans being f urloughed for thirty days. 

Anticipating their return to the State, their old commander, Colonel Poe, 
who had been Chief Engineer during the seige of Knoxville, wrote a friend in 
Detroit a letter, of which the following is an extract. Coming from one so 
capable of judging, it unquestionably estimates correctly the bravery and valu- 
able services of the regiment, while it breathes the true feelings of his heart for 
those he had commanded in so many hard fought fields, and whom he loved 
so well : 

" On the 24th November, 1863, the Second Michigan with 150 men, charged the enemy's 
rifle-pits. The Major lost his leg and was mortally wounded through the hips; Adjutant 
Noble and Lieut. Galpin were killed ; six Sergeants lost a leg each; the color- bearer was 
mortally wounded, and has since died ; in ail eighty-four were killed and wounded out of 
the small party,— about sixty per cent. Yet the remnant of the brave old regiment was 
in the bastion which the enemy tried to carry by assault on the morning of the 2'Jth, and 
their courage and cheer were as great yesterday as when I took command of them two 
yeais ago a thousand strong. 



200 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

There is no language that can exaggerate the behavior of these " braves." They will 
probably be almost unnoticed in Detroit, because they have ever been too proud to seek 
any demonstration. Yet I would pity any one's humanity who could look unmoved upon 
that remnant of a regiment whose flag has area enough to bear the names of only a por- 
tion of their battles. Proud am I that I was ever associated with such heroes, and if there 
is any event of my Ufe with wliich I am particularly satisfied, it is that I built Fort Saun- 
ders, and that, protected by its parapet, the regiment I once had the honor to command 
hurled back, discomfited and demoralized, more than ten times their number of the best 
troops in the rebel service. There is something sublimely grand in the steady, quiet 
courage of those men of our "Second." They are all intelligent enough to know their 
danger, and always true and brave enough to face it. They never yet have failed in time 
of need, and they never will. I would ask no higher honor than to ride at their head 
thrbugh the streets of Detroit, for you know I am ashamed neither of them, their deeds, 
nor of my enthusiasm for them. 'l have written thus warmly about them because my 
feelings are wrought up, and I know you can appreciate them. If any of the wounded 
Second reach Detroit I beg of you to look after them as I know you can." 

Rendezvousing at Mt. Clemens, it was ordered on the 4th of April, 1864, to 
proceed to Annapolis, Maryland, and join its corps, which in the meantime had 
moved from East Tennessee to reinforce the Army of the Potomac. On the 
22d the regiment left Annapolis for Washington, and on the 5th of May, in 
command of Colonel Humphrey, and then in the 1st brigade, same division and 
corps, crossed the Rapidan river and joined the army. Taking part with that 
army in the great campaign upon which it had just entered, the 2d shared with 
it its sufferings, its privations, and its glories. 

On the 6th of May it participated in the battle of the Wilderness, losing six 
killed and thirty-two wounded and missing. May 9th it marched to Freder- 
icksburg via Chancellorsville. On the 10th, 11th, and 12tli it was in the bat- 
tle of Spottsylvania Court House, where it lost two killed and nine wounded. 
Captain James Farrand being one of the killed. Captain Farrand was in com- 
mand of the regiment a part of the 12th, Colonel Humphrey having been 
placed temporarily in command of a brigade. While Farrand had command, 
a rebel brigade, under General Wilcox, advanced rapidly and unexpectedly on 
a battery of four guns, 19th N. Y., killing or wounding every man before a 
gun could be fired, and taking possession of some of the guns. Farrand in- 
stantly called for volunteers from the 2d, who manned the guns, putting in a 
double charge of canister to that already in, and with these guns, loaded to the 
muzzle, opened a terrific and destructive fire on the brigade with great slaugh- 
ter, checking and driving it from the attack, saving the battery and preventing 
an overwhelming charge on the union troops in that immediate locality. Gen- 
eral Willcox (Michigan) says in his report: 

" On the 12th of May the main battle of Spottsylvania, my division marched in resei-ve 
to the cor|)s until I was ordered up to attack on the left of the 1st division— as my left the 
Second Brigade— Colonel Humphrey, Second Michigan, now commanding the brigade was 
ulreudy skirmishing with the enemy. I moved up in echelon, Hartranft's brigade on the 
right and in advance. Found General Crittenden, commanding 1st division had refused 
hi.s left, and I iiK^ved up Hartranft in Une with his right. Posted Twichell's Battery on my 
riglit front and lioemer's Battery in rear of Humphrey's Brigade and reported to General 
Burnside that I expected an advance of the enemy to attack and turn my left, now the 
extreme left of the Army of the Potomac. 

'•The order was reiterated for me to attack in front and in line with Crittenden, and was 
obeyed as |)romptly as Humphrey's Brigade could be moved up, but I took the precau- 
tion to advise Lieutenant Beujamiu, chief of artillery, to mass batteries in rear of my left, 
wliicli he promptly tiid, bringiii},' up two additional batteries. I had no sooner advanced 
iny troops in two linos when they met my attack in the woods on my right front and 
brought up a fh^d battery to an opening opposite my left centre, and fired solid shot and 
C'unlHt<!r on the troops and batteries. 

"The latter replied vigorously, particularly IJoemer's, and the troops partly changed 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 201 

front by my orders and advanced handsomely along the whole line, until two columns of 
briH^ade each chai-ged upon the left batteries. A section of Wright's Artillery had its 
cannoneers shot down, and for a time was ' hors de combat.' At one time the enemy was 
within ten paces, but the 2d Michigan, supporting this batteiy, remanned the guns, and 
with the aid of the canister of the other batteries repulsed the charge splendidly. The 
brave Captain Farrand, commanding 2d Micliigan, was killed. Barber's rebel brigade was 
completely scattered, and its commander, Colonel Bai'ber, with some 80 others, were 
captured." 

On the !^3d of May the regiment, now in the 2d brigade, was engaged at Ox 
Fold, on the 23d and 24tli at North Anna, and on tlie 30th at Tolopotomy, 
Jjieutenant Nelson Fiotclier being among tlie killed of the 24th. On the 3d of 
June, again in the 1st brigade, it was in the battle of Bethesda Church, losing 
two killed and 36 wounded, including Lieutenant George S. Williams among 
the severely wounded, and who died of his wounds on the 15th following. 
From Bethesda Church the regiment marched to Cold Harbor, where it was 
engaged on the 7th. June 12th, then in the 2d brigade, it crossed the Chicka- 
hominy river, and on the morning of the 14th and during the night of the 
15th crossed to the south side of the James river and participated in the 
engagement before Petersburg on the 17th and 18th, losing on the 17th eight 
killed, including Captain James Bradley, 74 wounded, and four missing. On 
the 18th tlie regiment was in command of Lieutenant Colonel March, Colonel 
Humphrey having command of a brigade, being specially assigned to it on the 
field. The loss of the 2d on this day was 14 killed, 09 wounded, and two 
missing. Colonel March and Lieutenant Sherman being among the wounded, 
the latter dying of his wounds on the 18th of August following. 

During the attack which followed the springing of the mine on the 30th of 
July following, the 2d, in command of Captain John L. Young, lost six killed, 
14 wounded, and 37 missing. Captain Young and Lieutenant John G. Busch 
being among the killed. 

It belonged in Willcox's division, which receives the following notice in the 
Annual Cyclopedia: 

"* * ■* At length the 9th corps was re-formed, after a fatal delay, and with 
General Potter's division on the right, and Ledlies's in the center, and Willcox's on the 
left, under Are of two guns, began the charge. At every step the fire of the enemy in 
front and on each flank concentrated with greater fury upon them, and ploughed their 
ranks with greater slaughter. The charge was checked on the side of the crest, there 
was a halt, and finally the whole line, wavering under terrible odds, recoiled to the fort. " 

Withdrawing from in front of Petersburg, the regiment marched with its 
corps to the Weldou railroad, and in the action of the 19th of August, on this 
road, the regiment lost one killed, two wounded, and two missing. Li com- 
mand of Lieutenant Colonel March, Colonel Humphrey being still in command 
of the brigade, it participated in the movement on the right flank of the rebel 
army, on the 30th of September, in the engagement near Poplar Spring 
Church ; it lost seven in wounded and twelve missing. The regiment remained 
in camp from the 30th of September to October 27th, near ''Peeble's House." 
On the latter date, in the avance on the "Boydton Plank Road," it lost seven 
wounded and seven missing, including Captain Frederick Schneider, who 
was wounded and taken prisoner. On the 28th it returned to its camping 
ground near Peeble's House, and was employed in constructing fortifications, 
and on the usual picket duty, until the 29th, when it moved, with its corps, 
about ten miles to the right, on the old City Point and Petersburg Railroad, 
where it relieved a part of the 2d corjis at that point, and was engaged in the 
26 



203 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

trenches assisting in the siege of Petersburg, and on the 25th of March, 1865, 
the regiment, in command of Captain J. C. Boughton, participated in the 
affair at Fort Steadman, sustaining a heavy loss. 

In General Willcox's report of the attack on this fort, and the defense of 
Battery 9, in the same line of works, is the following : 

"At a quarter past 4 o'cloct on the morning of the 25th March, 1865, the enemy attacked 
the entrenchments held by the 3d brigade of this division (1st, 9th corps). The brigade 
picket officer, Captain Burch, Third Maryland, reports that he visited the picket line at 4 
o'clock of that morning, and saw that the men were on the alert. After visiting the Une 
he returned to his headquarters in front of Fort Steadman and Battery No. 11. He states 
that in a few minutes after his return a man on the lookout gave notice that the enemy 
were approaching; at the same time the men on the post fired their pieces. One column 
moved to the right of Battery No. 10; a small column moved towards a point between 
Fort Steadman and Battery No. 11 ; a third column moved direct towards Steadman. 
These columns were preceded by a strong storming party, which broke through the 
pickets, clubbed their muskets, and made openings in the abatis. The trench guards 
made sufficient resistance to arouse the garrison of the enclosed works in the immediate 
neighborhood; but the column which struck the right of Battery No. 10 quickly succeeded 
in breaking through and effecting an entrance to that battery, which is entirely open m 
the rear. This success gave them at once a great advantage over Fort Steadman, as the 
ground just in rear of Battery No. 10 is on a level with the parapet of the fort. 

" The fort had also a comparatively small line of infantry parapet; particularly was this 
the case in front, which was cut up with embrasures for artillery. The garrison of the 
fort consisted of a detachment of the 14th New York Heavy Artillery, under Major 
Randall, and made quite a spirited resistance, but were finally overpowered, and most of 
them captured. 

"The commanding officer of the brigade. Brevet Brigadier- General A. B. McLaughlin, 
had reacluid Battery No. 11 from his headquarters before this, and given some direc- 
tions abou*o the disposition of the troops on the left flank. 

"The guns and even the mortars in both Steadman and Battery No. 11 were used 
against the enemy. Detachments of the 1st Connecticut heavy artillery at the mortars 
behaved very handsomely. General McLaughlin was captured near the gorge of the fort, 
but whetlier after the enemy had got in, or while they were attaeking is unknown. Cap- 
tain Swords, ordinance officer on my staff, and division staff-officer of the day, also reached 
Fort Steadman from these headquarters before it was fuUy in the enemy's possession, and 
was captured at the fort. " 

"The right column, with the aid of troops from Steadman, now succeeded in gaining 
Battery No. 11. Their left column turned down the works to their left towards Battery 
No. 9, taking the 57th Massachusetts in the trenches in flank and rear, capturmg a part of 
them. Tlie remainder retired to the rear, reassembled, and afterwards did good work as 
skirmishers with Hartranft's troops. The 2d Michigan fought the enemy on this flank, 
from llieir bonib-proofs and traverses, in the most spirited manner, until they were drawn 
in by order of their brigade commander (Brevet Colonel Ealph Ely) to Battery No. 9, 
which, though small, is an enclosed work. 

" In pursuance of my orders. Colonel Ely deployed perpendicular to and to the rear of 
his intrenchments, a portion of the 1st Michigan sharp-shooters, as skirmit-hers, promptly 
taking ihem from the right of our fine for tins purpose. I also directed him to press the 
enemy on Ids left as much as possible. Finding themselves opposed in this direction, the 
enemy halted for more of their troops to come up. 

"The enemy's skirmishers now came down the hill directly to the rear of Steadman, 
and moved toward my headquarters, the Friend House, the IJunn House battery, and in 
the direction of Mead's Station, and this for a time rendered my communication with the 
3d bngudo long and circuitous. Meantime I had ordered out the 17th Michigan, acting as 
uii L-ngineer reginu-nt attached to my headquarters, and sent word to the commcinding 
onicersor til.! 'iddth and 20'Jth Pennsylvania, encamped between Mead's Station and Dunn 
Jlous»« batt.-ry, to move respectively, one to the Friend House, and the other in front of 
the Dunn Hi>use battery. These regiments promptly appeared. Brigadier-General 
Hurtranl't, commanding the 3d division, now came up in person, and I requested him to 
move Ills available force direct upon the fort. He promptly and gallantlv took command 
of the two n-giments alreiidy out without waiting for the rest of his command. I ordered 
tiio 1/lh Mi.lugan to deploy as skjinii.shcrs on his right. This regiment, with only one 
huiulrr<| m.M, m Us raidcs, uiKk-r conmiand of Major Mathews, moved forward at the same 
time Willi General Ilartiaiift's line, capturing most of the enemy's skirmishers in their 
Irout, about tweuty-Uvo in number, and inclining to the right, connected with the skir- 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. W$ 

mishers of Ely's brigade. While Hartranft was operating in rear of Steadman the enemy's- 
force, which had moved towards Battery No. 9 and halted, was rehiforced by Ransom's 
brigade, and opened an attack upon that battery. This attack was handsomely repulsed 
by my skirmishers and troops of the 2d brigade in Battery No. 9, assisted by artillery, 
particularly one piece of Eoemer's battery, under Major Koemer himself. The enemy 
attempted to retreat back to their own entrenchments, when they were charged by de- 
tachments of the 2d Michigan, who captured some prisoners. Troops of the 2Uth and 2d 
Michigan also threw themselves into the picket line of the 2d biigade, and poured such a 
fire on the Hank of the enemy that over 300 threw down their arms and surrendered them- 
selves on the spot. " 

Oil the 3d of April the regiment was engaged in the capture of Petersbttrg, 
with slight loss, after which it moved to the South Side K. R., about eighteen 
miles from the city, and remained there until the 18th, when it embarked at 
City Point, in command of Colonel Frederick Schneider, and reaching Alexan- 
dria, remained there a few days, and moved into camp at Tannallytown, and 
on the 27lh of May it was detached for duty in the city of Washington, when, 
on the 29th of July, having been mustered out of service, it started for Michi- 
gan, arriving at Detroit August 1st, where it was paid off and disbanded. 

The engagements of the regiment were at Blackburn's Ford, Va., July 18. 
1861 ; Bull Run, Va., July 21, 1861 ; siege of Yorktown, Va., April 4 to May 
4, 1862; Williamsburg, Va., May 5, 1862; Fair Oaks, Va., May 31 and June 
1, 1862; near Richmond, Va., June 18, 1862; Glendale, Va., June 30, 1862; 
Malvern Hill, Va., July 1, 1862; Bull Run, 2d, Va., August 28, 29, 30, 1862; 
Chantilly, Va,, September 1, 1862; Fredericksburg, Va., December 12, 13, 14, 
1862; siege of Vicksburg, Miss., June 22 to July 4, 1863; Jackson, Miss., 
July 11 to 18, 1863; Blue Spring, Tenn., October 10, 1863; Loudon, Tenn., 
November 14, 1863; Lenoir Station, Tenn., November 15, 1863; Campbell's 
Station, Tenn., Novembi.'r ,6, 1863; siege of Knoxville, Tenn., November 17 
to December 5, 1863; Knoxville, Tenn., November 24, 1863; Fort Saunders, 
Tenn., November 29, 1863; Thurley's Ford, Tenn., December 15, lb63 ; 
Strawberry Plains, Tenn., January 22, 1864; near Knoxville, Tenn., January 
24, 1864; Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1864; Ny River, Va., May 9, 1864; Spott- 
sylvania, Va., May 10, 11, 12," 1864; Ox Ford, Va., May 23, 1864; North 
Anna, Va., May ;^4, '^5, 1864; Tolopotomy, Va., May 30, 1864; Bethesda 
Church, Va., June 2 and 3, 1864; Cold Harbor, Va., June 7, 1864; Peters- 
burg, Va., June 17, 18, 1864; The Crater, Va., July 30, 1864; Weldon R. R., 
Va., August 19. 21, 1864; Ream's Station, Va., August 25, 1864; Poplar 
Springs Church, Va., September 30, 1864; Pegram Farm, Va., October 2, 
1864; Boydtun Road, Va., October 8, 1864; Hatcher's Run, Va., October 27, 
28, 1864; Fort Stead mun, Va., March 25, 1865; capture of Petersburg, Va., 
April 3, 1865; siege of Petersburg, Va., from June 17, 1864, to April 3, 1865. 

During the term of service of this regiment it had borne on its rolls 2,151, 
and its losses were — killed in action, live officers, ninety-five men; died of 
wounds, six officers, ninety-nine men; died of disease, four officers, one hun- 
dred and twelve men. 

" Oh, take our heroes, God, we pray, 

Baptized in freedom's name they come; 
Far up the everlasting way 
We watch our loved ones going home." 

Notes.— Modesty in General Eichardson was so predominant as to prejudice his owq 
Interests, and distrust in his own ability seemed to be a characteristic. An incident con- 
nected with his appointment to the 2d Michigan confirms these assertions. When the Gov- 
ernor came to select the officers for the regiment, H. L. Chipman was to be the lieu- 



204 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

tenant colonel and Eichardson the major. Chipman having made the military profession 
a study from boyhood, and being well posted ou the subject, and having had some practi- 
cal experience while in command of an independent company, preferred that the colonel 
of the regiment should be a graduate of West Point. In order to meet his views on that 
point, the Governor decided to make Richardson the colonel, which was perfecyy satis- 
factory' to Chipman. The Adjutant General was du-ected to send for Richardson, who 
duly made his appearance at the office. On being so informed by the General, Richard- 
son became agitated to some extent, his face coloring up, his head dropping a little, 
casting his eyes upon the ground— was silent for a short time; then, without raising his 
head, said: "I did not expect anything higher in the regiment than the majority. I 
think it is all that I am capable o"f. I do not think I am fit to command a regiment of 
men, and would rather decline the colonelcy." 

This is the officer who not only made a very superior colonel, but also a prominent and 
successful brigade and division commander, developing military qualifications for higher 
command, and it is generally believed that if he had lived but a very few months longer 
he would have been placed in command of the Army of the Potomac. Although during 
and immediately following the Peninsular campaign his outspoken demonstrations of the 
management of that disastrous part of the war brought down upon him the displeasure of 
some in authority to such an extent as to compel him to leave his command, but he was 
aftei-wards induced by his friends, who interfered in his behalf, to return to the field. 

In the wars of other countries have appeared and gained an undying fame women of 
enlarged philanthropy, with self-sacrificing natures, and a lieroism amid pestilence and 
scenes of abhorrent carnage, more glorious than that which dares the cannon's mouth. 
Yet they are but few when compared with the women of our own country, who risked 
their lives in the battle, and devoted their services and wasted their strength in the same 
fields of labor in our late war, and Michigan was not without her examples. While many 
might be named, there is one who stands out as presenting the longest and most constant 
service. 

Anna Ethcrage, a native of Detroit, was about 21 j'ears of age when the war broke out. 
Her father once a man of wealth, her early days were spent in the lap of luxury, with 
every wish gratified. But misfortune came and swept away his property. Broken in 
fortune and depressed in spirit, he removed to Minnesota, whex'e he died, leaving Anna at 
the age of twelve in comparative want. On the breaking out of the war she was visiting 
her friends in Detroit, and at once volunteered and went as a nurse with the 2d Michigan 
Infantry to the field, serving with it for some time, but afterward became attached to the 
oth Infantiy, and continued her sei-vice until the war closed, returning with that regiment 
to tlie State on its muster out. She was furnished with a horse, side-saddle, and saddle- 
bags, and at the commencement of a battle she was accustomed to supply herself with 
lint, bandages, etc., mounts her horse, gallops to the front, passes under fire regardless 
of shot or shell, engages in the work of staunching blood and binding up wounds. On 
one occasion a wounded soldier was torn to pieces by a shell while she was binding up his 
wuunds, and on many fields has her dress been shot through and through by bu leLs and 
fragments of shell. Yet she never flinched and never was wounded. She is of German 
dcbcent, small of stature, fair complexion, but while in service much bronzed by exposure; 
brown hair, a vigorous constitution, and decidedly good-looking. Her demeanor w'as 
modest, quiet, and retiring, her habits and conduct correct and exemplary. No vulgar 
word escaped her lips, and she was held in the highest veneration and esteem by the 
aoldiiirs. On the marcli she was with the ambulances, caring when needs be for the sick 
and wounded, and in tlio bivouac she wrapt herself in her blanket and slept on the ground 
witli tlio luudiiiood of a true soldier. 

Slie has the honor to wear the "Kearny Badge," which was presented to her while in 
the service by that gallant General. 

Tlio (jrdcr of a popular and well-known ex-State officer, then a Sergeant in the 2d Mich- 
igan, afterwards a Colonel of a regiment, then a prisoner in Libby, and who aided in con- 
structing till! celebrated tunnel leading from that lainous hotel, making his escape at the 
time, and on crossing the union lines telegraphed his friends in the north, " I am in God's 
country once more." 

Headquartiuis 2x) Regiment Michigan Inpantex, / 
"'"'"''Na'iy/.""""' i ^'""'2/ Potoinac, July, 1861. \ 

1. Tho Onleiiy .Scr(foant8 nrc licicliy oiiU'ieU to Uic Qiiartcnnaslirs to receive tlieir resiiective 
rnlloiiH of |.lcn, inchcrvfH, mid < hI.ch, as ilu-v will he ibsutil aL picciselv 5o'cl(ick every I'. M. 

'I. Kacli C'(>iii|.iiiiy ^\ ill be enilileil lo iliice cabke ol lager beer auU iilty bologna sausages every 
Siimliiy iiioriilng. jo o j 

Ait,iTua.,T. /^>/^...«, „ ... "Signed," IJII.L McCUEERY, 

AUbUSlUS GOEBLE, AdixUant. Colonel Coiamanding Regiment. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 205 

Captain H. H. Mosley, late of Company G, 4:th Alabama Infantry, in a letter under date 
of Marion, Alabama, March 17th, 1879, accompanying the sword of Adjutant Noble, killed 
at Knoxville, sent to his sister. Mis. Brainard, says: ♦ « • "when the 2d 

Michigan Infantry charged our skirmish line it was very near exhausted when it reached 
that portion of the line which I commanded; a largo portion were killed and wounded be- 
fore they reached us by an enfilading fire from another portion of our line. Adjutant Noble 
being one of the number that reached us, was killed within a few steps of where I was, 
with most of the balance of his comrades who got that far. The firing ceased in le.ss than 
five mmutes after he was killed, and I stepped to where his body was. I particularly 
noticed him as he was such a nice looking young man. He was dead when I got to him. 

Adjutant Noble's sword being better than mine, I gave mine away and put his on, and 
have had it in my possession ever since. You are aware that General Grant allowed all 
of our officers at the surrender to retain their side arms, hence I brought your brother's 
sword home with me. I also saw the Major (Byington) of the 2d Michigan, who was mor- 
tally wounded at the same time your brother was kiUed, and he died next day." * 

General Kearny, of famous gallantry, one of the bravest of the brave, when in a tight 
place on the Peninsula, and while a battle was raging, called furiously, "Send me a regi- 
ment," and then apparently thinking for a moment, shouted, "Send me a Michigan regi- 
ment, quick!" On another occasion, when the darkness had brought the day's battle to a 
close, wearied with excessive service, and desiring quiet for the night, he ordered, "Put a 
Michigan regiment on guard, so that I can sleep to-night." 

In Company F, 2d Michigan, there enlisted at Flint Franklin Thompson (or Frank, as 
usually called), aged twenty, ascertained afterward and about the time he left the regi- 
ment to have been a female, and a good looking one at that. She succeeded in concealing 
her sex most admirably, serving in various campaigns and battles of the regiment as a 
soldier; often employed as a spy, going within the enemy's lines, sometimes absent for 
weeks, and is said to have furnished much valuable information. She remained with the 
regiment until April, 1863, when it is supposed she apprehended a disclosure of her sex 
and deserted at Lebanon, Kentucky, but where she went remains a mystery. 

Heauquartkrs 1st Brigade, Burn's Division, ; 
Spkcial Orders, ) Opposite FredericksUarg, Va., December dth, 1862. \ 

NO. 19. i 

II. Private Frank Thompson, companj; F, 2<1 Michigan Volunteers, is detailed on special duty at 
these headquarters as postmaster and mail carrier for the brigade. 

Signed, O. M. POE, 

Colonel Commanding Brigade. 
Official: James Reid, Lievt. and A. A. A. O. 



THIRD REGIMENT INFANTRY. 



" Shall our good swords in scabbards rust, 
Our flag, dishonored, trail in dust, 
When rebels seek our subjugation? 
Perish the thought! Our blades are drawn, 
Swift to defend our bleeding nation." 

The recruitment of tiie 3d regiment commenced almost simultaneously with 
that of the 2d, j)ressing hard to get into service, but was not accepted until 
May 15th, 1861, by the following order: 

Military Depaktment, Michigan, ) 
Adjutant General's Office, >• 
General Orders, ) Detroit, Mich., May 13th, 1861. ) 

No. 14. \ 

The 3d Kegiment, already formed and rendezvoused at Grand Eapids, consists of the 
following field and staff officers and companies, and are hereby appointed and assigned. 
Company officers will be appointed when mustered: 
Daniel McConnell, colonel. 
Ambrose A. Stevens, lientenant colonel. 
Stephen G. Champlin, major. 
D. Willard Bliss, surgeon. 
Zonas E. Bliss, assistant surgeon, 
llobcrt M. Collins, quartermaster and commissary. 

Companies A, B, and C, Grand Bapids; D, Saranac; E, Lyons; F, Fraud Kapids; G, 
Hastings; H, Georgetown; I, Grand Bapids; K, Lansing. 

The field and staff officers and captains of companies will report to Colonel McConnell 
for duty. 

By order of the Commander-in-Chief. 

JNO. KOBEBTSON, 

Adjutant General. 

Tlie regiment was organized under the direction of Colonel McConnell, who 
held a commission as colonel of the uiiifoinicd militia, and who had for some 
time previous been identified with the uniformed troops in Grand Kajjids and 
vicinity. It was mustered into the i-ervice of the State M;iy 21sl, subject to 
be mustered into the service of the United States, which was accomplished 
Juno loth. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Colonel, Daniel McConnell, Grand Rapids. Lieutenant Colonel, Ambrose A. Stevens, 
Saranac. Major, Stephen G. Champlin, Grand Bapids. -Surgeon, D. Willard Bliss, Grand 
Baijids. Atjsibtant Surgeon, Zenas E. Bliss, Grand Bapids. Adjutant, Edward S. Eaiie, 
Grand Bai)ids. Quartermaster, Bobert M. Collins, Grand Baiiids. Chaplain, Francis M. 
Cumniings, Grand Bapids. 

A. <'aptain, Samuel A. Judd. Grand Bapids. First Lieutenant, Frederick Shriver, 
Grand liapids. Second Lieutenant, Charles D. Lyon, Grand Bapids. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 207 

B. Captain, Baker Borden, Grand llapids. First Lieutenant, Elisha 0. Stevens, Graxid 
Rapids. Second Lieutenant, Frederick A. Stow, Grand llapids. 

C. Captain, Adolph Birkenstock, Grand Kapids. First Lieutenant, Max Von Krout^ 
Grand Rapids. Second Lieutenant, Felix ZoU, Grand Rapids. 

D. Captain, I\Ioses B. Houj^hton, Saranac. First Lieutenant, Peter Z. Granger, Sara- 
nac. Second Lieutenant, Georgre W. Phillips, Saranac. 

E. Captain, Ed^Yin S. Piercts Lyons. First Lieutenant, Solomon P. Tumj', Muir. 
Second Lieutenant, Israel C. Smith, Grand Rapids. 

F. Captain, John J. Dennis, Grand Rapids. First Lieutenant, Frederick W. Worden, 
Grand Rapids. Second Lieutenant, Peter A. Bo^ardus, Grand Rapids. 

G. Captain, John R. Price, Lansing. First Lieutenant, Robert B. Jefferds, Lansinj^. 
Second Lieutenant, James B. TenEyck, Lansing. 

H'. Captain, Emery D. Bryant, Muskegon. First Lieutenant, Charles D. Spang, Mus- 
kegon. Second Lieutenant, William L. Ryan, Muskegon. 

I. Captain, George "Weatherwax, Geoi'getown. First Lieutenant, Stephen L. Lowing, 
Georgetown. Second Lieutenant, Abraham J. Whitney, Hastings. 

K. Captain, Byron R. Pierce, Grand Rapids. First Lieutenant, Almond Borden, Grand 
Rapids. Second Lieutenant, Robert M. Collins, Grand Rapids. 

On Monday, June 4th, a delegation of thirty-four youug ladies, representing 
the States of the union, arrayed in the colors of tlie national ensign, bearing u 
beautiful silken banner, arrived at Cantonment Anderson, near Grand Kapids. 
On the flag was the inscription in letters of gold: "Presented by the ladies of 
Grand Kapids to the 3d Kegiment Miciiigan Infantry." Colonel A. T. Mc- 
Keynolds delivered the presentation address in his well-kno'svu eloquence, while 
the chaplain of the regiment. Dr. Cummings, replied in a most appropriate, 
manner. 

The regiment, in command of Colonel I\IcConnell, left Grand Rajjids, June 
13ili, 1861, for the seat of war on the Potomac with 1,040 officers and men 
on its rolls. 

The 3d was attached to Richardson's brigade, of Colonel Miles's division, and 
was in the action at Blackburn's Ford, June iSth: 

Greeley says of that affair: 

" Sherman's battery, Captain Ayres, did most of the actual fighting, supported by Col- 
onel Richaidsou's brigade, consisting of the 1st Massachusetts, 12Ui New York, and 2d 
and 3d Michigan. Regarded as a reconnoissance in force, the attack might be considered 
a success; since the result demonstrated that the main rebel army was in position along 
the wooded valley of Bull Run, half way between Centreville and Manassas Junction, and 
purposed to remain." 

Following is Colonel Richardson's report covering operations of his brigade: 

Camp of the 4th Brigade of Tyleb's Division, 
AND General McDowell's Corps, 

Near Arlington, July 25th JSOl. 
General : — I have the honor to submit the following report as to the operations of my 
brigade in front of the enemy at Bull Run, on Sunday, July 21st. On the night of July 
2Uth, 1 was summoned to attend a meeting of commanders of brigades at the headquarters 
of the commanding ollicer in the field. General McDowell; and in conmion with the other 
commanders of brigades, I was instructed as to what was exi»ected of my particular com- 
mand on the followuig day — that is, I was to defend the position which I tlien occupied in 
front of the enemy, called the Blackburn Ford, and about one mile in his front, where wo 
had been for the last three days. I was also ordered to consider myself under the com- 
mand of Colonel D. S. Miles, United States Army, who was to command his own brigade 
at Centreville, as well as my own and that of Colonel Davies, midway between the two — 
these three brigades constituliiig what was then called the reserve. Attached to my 
brigade was the field battery of Major Hunt, United States Army, and also the rilled bat- 
tery of ten-pounders, under Lieutenant Green, United States Aimy. I was to open lire 
on the enemy, for the purpose of making a diversion, not before, but soon after liearing 
the report of General 'lyier's cannonade on my right, to carry out which purpose I mad© 
the following disposition of the brigade: The two batteries I placed on the ridge of the hill, 



208 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

in view of the enemy; the 3d Michigan infantry on the left of the road, in line of battle. 
Still further, six hundred yards to the left, on a commanding hill, I had placed the day 
before two companies of the 1st Massachusetts regiment, for the purpose of occupying a 
log bam and a frame barn ; which companies pushed pickets still further to our left for the 
security of that point, which I considered a good position for artillery. In a rav«ie, half 
way between the two positions, I placed also a company of the 1st Massachusetts regi- 
ment, which pushed pickets down the ravine to its front; and on the extreme right of all I 
placed the balance of the Massachusetts regiment, in line of battle, with two companies of 
that regiment puslied four hundred yards to the right and front, which two companies 
again threw pickets in advance. The New York and 2d Michigan regiments I placed in 
the road, five hundred yards in rear of the hne, as a reserve. Soon after making these 
arrangements, which I did on hearing the report of our artillery on the right, Colonel 
Davies's brigade made its appearance, with him at its head, and inquiring of me the date 
of my commission found that he ranked me by two days, and he assumed the command. 
That officer wished a good position lor artillery to open, and I immediately proposed the 
position on our left, near the log house, from which a good view of a large stone house- 
called by the people of the country the enemy's headquarters— might be obtained. Col- 
onel Davies brought up with him the rilled twenty-pounder battery of Lieutenant Benjamin, 
and ordered it to open fire immediately. He directed also Hunt's battery to his assistance, 
and I ordered Green's battery to open its fire at the same time. The enemy appeared to 
have withdrawn his guns from that position, as he returned no fire, or he might have been 
reserving his fire for the last attack. An hour's cannonading, however, brought in view a 
column of the enemy's infantiy, wich I observed with my glass, of at least 2,500 men, and 
soon after two otlier bodies of men, of at least a regiment each, who now occupied the 
lines on the other side of the I'un. which lines now appeared full to overflowing. Suppos- 
ing now that they mtended to make a push across our front in column, or would endeavor 
to turn our left, about 11 A. M. I began to fortify my position by throwing up an earthen 
parapet for three guns, with embrasures, across the road, and commenced an abatis of 
timber, by felling trees, pointing outwards, between this battery and the log house to the 
left. 

About this time the enemy on the opposite side appeared to be falling back in confusion 
from our right attack, which continued for some time, and then the tide changed, and 
they seemed to be returning in large masses. At the interval between these two extremes, 
I was ordered by Colonel D. S. Miles to throw forward my skirmishers and feel the enemy^ 
and accordingly two companies of the 3d Michigan Kegiment were sent forward and down 
the ravine to cover our front and advance. These were supported by Captain Breth- 
schncider's light infantry battalion, which also advanced down the ravine, accompanied by 
Lieuieiiant Prine, corps of United States Engineers, who went for the purpose of ascer- 
taining the enemy's position, he volunteering his services for that particular purpose. 
Colonel Davies also threw forward a company of skirmishers on his right. The enemy's 
skirmishers were in force in the woods in front, and covered themselves with trees and 
rifle-pits, which had been thrown up before. Our two advance companies were driven 
back; the enemy p\u-sued, and were in turn driven back by the spherical case-shot of 
Greene's battery, and I ordered back the light infantry, and also the two companies, to 
the former position. The company in front of Colonel Davies's command retired about 
the same time. By 5 P. M. I had the battery and abatis nearly completed, making my 
defenses as secure as the short time and few implements used would allow. No enemy 
apjteared in force in my front witli a disposition to assault, but about this time a heavy 
column of uifantry appeared to the left of Colonel Davies, in a ravine, moving up to the 
attack. This brigade opened a heavy fire upon them, and gallantly drove them back, as 
he informed me afterwards. During this firing, which was shortly after 6 o'clock, I 
received orders from Cololel Miles, through one of his staff, to retreat upon Centreville 
and endeavor to hold that position. I immediately collected my brigade and put it in 
motion on tlie road towards Centreville, and was at the head of the 2d Michigan Kegi- 
nuMit, in rear of the brigade, when a staff officer proposed to me to throw my regim(>nt in 
line, face toward the enemy, between the house occupied the night before by Hunt's 
Butteiy and the Union and Centreville road, upon which road the enemy was supposed tcv 
bo advancing. I had gained a position near the desired point, when I was met by Colonel 
Davies, who informed me that ho had beaten the enemy handsomely in front. I told him 
that I had been ordered back to CentrevUle by Colonel Miles, that the rest of my brigade 
had gone on, and lliut I had been directed to go to that point with my regiment for the 
purpose of facing the enemy there, which I had done, and Colonel Davies went, as I sup- 
posed, to his brigade. Soon after this I was met by a staff officer of General McDowell's, 
who told mo to put my brigade in position on the left of the road from Centreville to 
Blackburn's Ford, and stretcliing toward the Union and Centreville road facing the 
enemy. Other troops had albo fallen back to this point— distant about a mile from Cen- 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. ii09 

treville— and about 6 o'clock P. M. Captain Alexander, of the corps of Engineers, directed 
me, by order of General McDowell, to take the general arrangement of the troops at that 
point in my own hands, he suggesting', as a good line of defense, between a piece of 
woods on the right and one on the left, the line facing equally towards the enemy, who 
were supposed to be coming either on the Union or the Blackburn road. I immediately 
formed tiiat line as best I could of the regiments nearest the position, placing the men in 
the ravines, and the artillery, as far as possible, on the hills in the rear of the infantry. 

Before Captain Alexander gave me this last direction I learned that Colonel Miles had 
altered the position of some regiments which I had placed before, especially the 3d Michi- 
gan Eegiment, which I had ordered to form close column by division, to remain as a 
reserve, and await further orders from me. The ofEicer in command of the regiment at 
that time, Lieutenant Colonel Stevens (Colonel McConnoll being unwell, but on the 
ground), immediately executed that ordei-, and put his regim«>nt in close column. I went 
to some other part of the field, and on returning found this regiment deployed in line of 
battle, and in another position. I immediately inquired of Colonel Stevens the reason 
of their position being altered. He told me that Colonel Miles had directed this move- 
ment. I asked him why? Colonel Stevens replied, " I do not know; but I have no con- 
fidence in Colonel Miles." I inquired the reason why. Colonel Stevens answered, 
''Because Colonel Miles is driuik." That closed the conversation. I sent Colonel 
Stevens back with his regiment to form close column by division, as at first. I then 
reported to Captain Alexander that I had been interfered with in my disposition of the 
troops during the day, and I could not carry out General McDowell's orders as long as I 
was interfered with by a drunken man. Captain Alexander then answered that General 
McDowell now vested the whole disposition of the troops with me, and that I must use 
my own judgment. I went to place another battalion in line, and I was met by Colonel 
Miles, wlio ordered me to form that regiment in another direction. I replied that "I 
should obey no more orders that he might see fit to give me." Colonel Miles then 
said, "Colonel Eichardson, I shall put you in arrest." I told him, "I never should 
obey his arrest, and that he never could put me in that position. " Colonel Jliles answered 
that he did not understand this. I said nothing, and went on with further disposition of 
the troops, which was done according to the diagram. As soon as the line of battle was 
well formed the enemy's cavalry made its appearance on the Centreville and Manassas 
road, and I ordered Lieutenat Benjamin to open his rifled cannon upon them, which he 
did, and the cavalry disappeared after a few shots. It was now nearly dark, and the 
troops encamped in their present position. About 10 o'clock P. M. General .NIcDowell 
informed me that a retreat was resolved upon; that the troops must be started on the 
road to Fairfax as soon as possible; and ordered me to move last and cover the retreat of 
the array with my brigade. I told the General I would do so, and would stand by him as 
long as any man would. I left with my brigade at 2 o'clock A. M, after all the other 
regiments and batteries had retired. On reaching Fairfax, found it abandoned by our 
troops, and I coveicd the rear, bringing up my brigade in good order, the New York 
regiment in front, tlien tlie Massachusetts regiment, and the two Michigan regiments in 
rear of the whole. Arrived at Arlington at 2 P. M. on Monday after the action. 
I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, 

I. B. RICHAEDSON, 
Colonel Commanding 4th Brigade. 

Headquakteks Richaedson's Brigade, | 
Brigade Order, ) February 5th, 1S62. ) 

No. 6. ) 

The general commanding the brigade considers it his duty, and takes this opportunity 
to ccmvey to the troops under his command his good opinion of their conduct as soldiers 
in the late affairs in whicli the two detachments, one of the 3d Michigan Volunteers, com- 
manded by Ca|itain Lowing, of that regiment, and the otiier of the 37th New York Volun- 
teers, commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Burke, of the same regiment, were engaged 
with superior forces of tlie enemy on the " Occoquan River." The daring attack of Lieu- 
tenant Colonel Burke and his party on a house occupied by the enemy, and the fearless 
reconnoissance of Captain Lowhig and his detachment of the 3d Michigan Volunteers in 
front of superior forces of the enemy, deserve, and the gen(M-al commanding this brigade 
hopes will obtain, the just commendation of all those who take any interest in the patriot- 
ism and discipline of the American soldier. The general would again remind the 3d Jlichi- 
gan Volunteers that ho has not forgotten that that regiment, tog(>tlier with the 2d 
Michigan, performed gallant service last summer in the most considerable campaign 
which has yet taken place ag-ainst the enemy, and from being the first troops actually 
engaged against the enemy, not only siiowed the highest discipline and skill in the attack 



liiO MICHIGAN IN THE VVAH. 

of the 18th of July at Blackburn's Ford, but also exhibited a coolness and order in cover- 
ing the retreat to Washington of the 21st of July, which has rendered both these regi- 
ments an honor to the country. 

The Michigan Fifth, also, although having been a shorter time in service than the other 
regiments of the brigade have rendered effective service at different times, especially in 
the affair of a detachment under Captain Quackenbush of that regiment in an encounter 
near " Pohick Church," in which he met and drove back a superior force, and its drill and 
disciphne have shown that when further opportunities shall offer they will not fail in ren- 
dering themselves a credit to the brigade. 

LB. EICHARDSON, 

Brig. General. 

The regiment in command of Colonel S. G. Champlin, Colonel McConnell 
having resigned, encamped during the winter near Alexandria with the 2d and 
5th, and moved to the Peninsula in March following, entering upon the cam- 
paign under McOlellan as a part of Berry's brigade (3d) 3d division, 3d corps. 
It was in the battle at Williamsburg, May 5th, performing gallant and efficient 
service. 

Extract from General Berry's brigade report, date June 1st, covering the 
battle of Williamsburg : 

Yesterday morning in obedience to orders, I moved my brigade from its camping 
grounds some three miles below the vicinity of these works where we bivouacked at 12 M. 
I placed the 37th New York Volunteers, Lieutenant Colonel Kaidon commanding (Colonel 
Hayman having been previously detailed as division officer of the day), in the woods along 
the two sides (west and north). At one o'clock I received an order to place my entire 
command behind or in rear of the intrenchments. I had scarcely got my men into their 
several positions when I received an order to have one regiment placed in the woods on 
the left of the Williamsburg road on our front. 

"The 2d Regiment Michigan Volunteers, Colonel Poe, was on picket duty. I ordered 
him to concentrate his regiment on its right flank and hold it in readiness to move to the 
front. On my order. Colonel Poe sent forward two companies under the command of 
Major Dillman, who took position on the flank of the 37th New York and did excellent ser- 
vice. The 3d Michigan moved into the woods on the left, about one mile in advance of 
this camp, and by gallant fighting drove the enemy for more than a mile along the left of 
the woods into and through the slashings. At this time the 5th Michigan came into the 
field and was conducted forward by myself; with it I relieved the 3d, and placed the 3d in 
reserve to the 5th. About an hour later a portion of other regiments came up and formed 
on the left of the 3d and 5th Michigan. 

"We steadily drove the enemy loiward so far that I had serious fears of being flanked 
by the enemy, as they were driving our troops down the road and plain as well as on the 
right of the road. We were at this time in the woods on the left of the camp from which 
General Casey's forces had been driven and we fully commanded it with our rifles. I 
then pas.s(;d through the slashings some one hundred yards and found the 37th New York 
and Colonel Poe's two companies under Major Dillman in position and at woik. 

"We held the enemy in check and could have driven them farther forward had the 
centre and right of our troops been able to have held their position. About 5.30 P. M., I 
discovered the 37th New York moving to rear. On inquiry, I found they had been ordered 
to full buck by the General of division to prevent being flanked and captured. 

" I then gave orders to the other regiments to fall back also, some portions of which did 
not gft it in consequence of the thick woods, but all did make good their movement to the 
rear and canie into this camp in fair order. 

" This bri>j:ade has suffered severely and is much reduced. The ground we fought on 
was Bwarni)y and thickly wooded. It was almost impossible to keep our line connected. 
The •Micmy repeatedly attempted to turn our left, but bv the exertions of Colonel Stevens 
and Maj</r Pierce, wt'io as ofti^n handsomely met and repulsed. 

" Colonel Poo's three companies lirst concentrated were sent by order of General 
Ilointzelinaii to form u lino across the rear to prevent stragghng from the army. 

"The oilier llvo conii)anies were rejiorted also to General Heintzelman and went into 
action on Iho main road under the command of Colonel Poe in person. These companies 
suffered severely, as they fought largely superior numbers. 

"For tho particulars of this flght, I especiallv refer to Colonel Poe's report. I have to 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 211 

say that the rep:imeuts of this command fouffht a hard fight in a most diCQcult position and 
under great disadvantages. Tliev fully sustained their former reputation as good lighters, 
and I am constrained to say did their part to secure a victoiy to our arms. I have to 
make honorable mention of Colonel Champlin of 3d Michigan (who was wounded in the 
fight). Colonel Stevens and Major Pierce, also of the 3d, did their duty nobly. I am 
pleased to add that Colonel Champlin's wound is not dangerous, though severe. This 
regiment's fire told fearfully on the enemy. 

" Colonel Terry and Major Fairbanks, of the 5th, both displayed their accustomed 
bravery, and their regiment fought well and gallantly and maintained, with the 3d, our 
ground against great odds. 

"Colonel Poe makes honorable mention of Lieutenant Colonel Williams and Adjutant 
R. H. Mahon, and I wish to add also Major DUlman, who, it wUl be remembered, com- 
manded two companies on the flank of the 37th New York. 

"I wish to accoi'd great credit to Lieutenant Colonel Stevens for services rendered in 
getting a portion of the 3d and 5th regiments well off the ground after our retreat was 
made difQcult. The men of these regiments were unwUUng to quit the gi-ound they had 
won, and it was not until they had fired the last cartridge and all they could obtain from 
the boxes of the wounded and killed that they were wilUng to fall back; being accustomed 
to woods life, they came into their old camp in order and without losing any men as 
prisoners." 

It vras heavily engaged at Fair Oaks May 30th, serving then in tlie 1st Divis- 
ion, losing 30 killed, 124 wounded and 15 missing, including among the killed 
€aptain S. A. Judd. 

Lieutenant Colonel Stevens commanding the regiment after Colonel Cham- 
plin was wounded, makes mention in his report to General Berry, command- 
ing brigade, of the part taken by the 3d in this engagement as follows : 

"At about 2 P. M , an order was received to take our position in rear of the redoubt on 
our riifht, which was immediately complied with. We remained in this position but a 
short time, when we took up the line of march across the fields and parallel with the 
Williamsburg road, hastening as rapidly as possible toward the front, where our troops 
had for some time previously been actively engaged. The distance being about one mile 
and a half from the redoubt to the scene of action, was soon passed over, where Colonel 
Champlin received orders to lead his regiment at once into action, deploying at the same 
time in line of battle upon the left of the road, our right resting upon an abatis, while the 
left was thrown forward at a double-quick into a thicket of pines. 

" The engagement now became general, and it was with the greatest difficulty that our 
corps of sharp-shooters, under command of Captain Judd, could penetrate this mass of 
fallen timber and dislodge the enemy from theii' strong position ; but the steady and cool 
behavior of our men, and with the telling effect of the deadly aim of their rifles, soon com- 
pelled them to fall back, while our regiment pressed forward, charging through the fallen 
timber and driving the enemy beyond the fence in rear of the camp of General Palmer's 
brigade, some eighty rods distant, where they again formed and made another stand. It 
was at this time that the brave Colonel Champlin received a severe wound, wliich pre- 
vented him from taking further part Lu the action, and with his ordeis I now proceeded to 
rally the different companies of the regiment together in line for the purpose of again 
pressing forward and dislodging the enemy from his new position. While thus engaged 
the Michigan 5th regiment came up and at the same time the order that they were to 
relieve us. Accordingly our regiment was ordered to remain at a halt, while the Michigan 
5th pus'.ied forward and engaged the enemy. With your instructions we now advanced in 
support of this regiment and during the remainder of the action the two regiments fought 
"bravely side by side." 

"About 4 P. M., and while the contest was as determined as ever, it was discovered 
that our ammunition was nearly expended, when Major Pierce of our regiment volunteered 
to undertake the task of procuring ammunition and further orders, which had nt)w become 
hazardous, as there seemed to be a disposition of the enemy to turn both our right and left 
flanks. 

" It was now about 5.30 P. M., the enemj' crowding the forces back who were engaged 
upon our right, that we found ourselves, together with the remnants of the 5lh Michigan 
and 63d Pennsylvania Volunteers, isolated from our forces upon cither flank, that it was 
deemed proper by the senior officers present of the dilTerent regiments to withdraw to the 
rear, and being the senior officer present upon the ground, I gave the order to fall back 
slowh' from the held, which had now become hopeless for us to attempt to hold for the 
night owing to a want of ammunition, which was done in good order, returning to camp 
about 9 P. M. 



Zi-^ MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

" In making this hasty report, I have not time to particularize, as it would be impossible^ 
as all, both oflficers and men, did their duty nobly. I cannot close the report, however, 
witliout mentioning the coolness and good conduct of Majors Pierce and Fairbanks, the 
former for gallant services rendered while in command of the left wing of our regiment, 
and the latter for great assistance rendered to me while retiring from the field. "^ 

"I also beg leave to call your attention to the gallant Captain Judd, who fell while 
bravely leading our sharpshooters in the early part of the action. He was one of the 
•bravest of the brave,' and his loss will be deeply regretted by the regiment, and all who 
knew hjm." 

Headquakteks 3d Division, 3d Coeps, } 
GENERAii Oeders, | Camp near Richmond, Va., June oth, 1802. f 

No. 15. J 

I. Brave regiments of this division, you have won for us a high reputation. The country 
is satisfled. Vour friends at home are proud of you. 

After two battles and victories, purchased with much blood, you may be counted 
veterans. 

I appeal, then, to your experience, to your high intelligence, to put in practice on the 
battle field the discipline you have acquired in camp. It will enable you to conquer with 
more certainty and less loss. 

II. "Shoulder straps and chevrons, " you are marked men! You must be ever in the 
front. 

Colonels and Field Officers, when it comes to the bayonet lead the charge ; at other 
times circulate among your men and supervise; keep officers and men to their constituted 
connnands, stimulatethe laggard, brand the coward, direct the brave, prevent companies 
"huddling up," or mixing. 

III. iMarksmen, never in the fight cheapen your rifles. When you fire, make sure and 
hit. In woods and abatis, one man in three is to fire, the others reserve their loads to 
repel an onset or to head a rush. 

It is with short rushes and this extra fire, from time to time, that such ground is gained. 
Each man up in front line, none delaying, share danger alike, then the peril and loss will 
be small. 

IV. Men, you brave individuals in the ranks, whose worth and daring, unknown perhaps 
to your superiors, but recognized by your comrades, inlluence more than others. I knt)w 
that you exist. I h<ave watched you in the fire. Your merit is sure to have its recom- 
pense. Your comrades at the bivouac will repeat your deeds, and it will gladden your 
families. In the end you will be brought before the country. 

V. Color-bearers of regiments, bear them proudly in the fight, erect and defiantly in the 
first line. It will cast terror into the opponents to see them sustained and carried forward ; 
let them be the beacon light of each regiment. The noblest inscription on your banners 
are tlie traces of the balls. 

VI. Again, noble division, I wish you success and new victories, until the cause of our 
sacred union being triumphant, you return honored to your homes. 

By order of Brigadier General Kearnv, 

W. E. yXUEGIS, A. A. A. G. 
IIeadquaetees Beeey's Beigade, ) 
June 5lh, 2802. ) 

Ufficial : G. W. Wilson, A. A. A, O. 

From tlie New York Tribune correspondent, dated June 4tb, 18G2, in rela- 
tion to Michigan Lroojjs at Fair Oaks: 

• * ♦•♦*•* * 

"Sixty IhauHtind men! I now comprehend the Niagara roar of musketry before 
which Home of our rofjfiiiicnts could not be held last, and which made ccmvcrbalion between 
horhcmen, whose saddles touched each other, audilile only when screamed; and my veue- 
rutioii of the liglitiiig done by the warriors of Berry's brigade, and by the men whom 
Kearny led up, and by all the others who stood by Peck, and Couch, and Keyes, and who 
rallied under liie llutterin;; cloak of the fiery Ueintzelman, is glowing. Companionship in 
arms with hucii men woidd to mo bo the most satisfactory distinction. I would covet the 
honor, if usage could conl'er it, of adoption into either of the Michigan regiments whom I 
Huw on the leap tiirough tim shot and sli(>ll infested wood— on the leap to the ruin advanc- 
ing upon us from tiic front to take it in flank and stay it — an adoption with a visible sign, 
BO that when aslied, ' To what service do you belongV I could proudly reply, 'I belong 
to Bi'rry'B BriKade." Cromwell never had better troops than those who, under the com- 
mand of this good officer, swept with lire and steel tiie whole rebel force from Casey's 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 213 

camping ground and earthworks, piling it with monuments of their terrible marksman- 
ship. They tired away every one of their sixty cartridges to a man, and then gathered 
everywhere the unconsumed cartridges from the boxes of the dead and wounded and 
economically used them. A North Carolina regiment sent against the 3d Michigan had 
its front file wholly knocked down by a volley. The next file turned to run. A line of 
bayonets depressed behind them held them fast. 'Charge!' ordered the Micliiiian 
colonel. Over the rail fence leaped our men, with a yell that ever smites teiTor. Their 
bayonet points were not waited for. The Carolinians broke and ran." 

The regiment in command of Major Byron R. Pierce was also engaged at 
Oharles City Cross Road on June 30th, and on July 1st at Malvern Hill. 

The campaign of the Peninsula made historic the fields of Williamsburg, 
Fair Oaks, and Malvern Hill, weaving wreaths of glory for Michigan men, 
and giving them National fame. Ransack the annals of that campaign, aye, 
even of the entire war, and such another compliment cannot be found as that 
by Prince de Joinville to Berry's brigade of Kearny's division at Fair Oaks, 
made up of the ;^d, 'dd, and 5th Michigan, and 37th New York. The Prince 
says : 

" Meanwhile Heintzelman rushes to the rescue. As at Williamsburg, Kearny arrives in 
good time to re-establish the fight. Berry's brigade of this division, composed of Michi- 
gan regiments and an Irish battalion (37th N. Y.), advanced firm as a wall into the midst 
of the disordered mass, which wanders over the battlefield, and does more by its example 
than the most powerful reinforcements; about a mUe of the ground has been lost, fifteen 
pieces of cannon, the camp of the division of the advance guard, that of General Casey; 
but now we hold our own. " 

The campaign on the Peninsula having ended, the army was withdrawn and 
soon entered on the Pope campaign. 

The regiment, having returned with the army, was in the engagement at 
Groveton (Bull Run), of the 29th of June, losing twenty killed, with a large 
number missing, and on September 1st was again engaged at Chantilly. 

Thus ended the disastrous Pope campaign, and the army, broken and 
demoralized, was withdrawn within the fortiticatious around Washington. 

The regiment, after the battle of Chantilly, took up its line of march with 
its brigade for Fort Lyon, via Fairfax Station, reaching the fort on the 3d, 
and bivouacked on Hunting Creek, and then marched a short distance and 
encamped until the ]Oth, when it again moved via Fairfax Seminary to Fort 
Ward, remaining thei'e until the 25th, when it broke camp and marched to 
Upton's Hill. 

In October the 3d corps, to which the regiment belonged, was sent as a corps 
of observation up the Potomac as far as Edwards Ferry, and on October 11th 
the 3d, with its brigade, broke camp at Upton's Hill, marched to the Chain 
Bridge, and, crossing it, continued the march up the river road, passing Ten- 
luillytown, Rockville, and DarnsLown, and on the 12th reached Edwards 
Ferry, Maryland, where it was engaged on picket duty until the 28tii, wiien it 
marched via Poolsville to White's Ford and crossed the Potomac into Virginia, 
and then, via Leesburg, Millville, Waterloo, and Warrenton, went into camp 
on the 23d at Falmouth. 

Crossing the Rappahannock on the 13lh of December, it was under fire three 
days at the first battle of Fredericksburg, sustaining a loss of nine in wounded. 

From a report of Major M. B. Hougiitoii, commanding regiment: 

" I have the honor to report the following as the part taken by the 3d regiment Michi- 
gan Volunteers in the battle of Fredericksburg, December 13th, 18G2 : 

"In accordance with biifjadi- order, this regiment broke camp December 11th, at 6 
o'clock A. M., and occupied the pusition a.'rsigued it in the brigade. After crossing the 



214 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

river December 13th, the regiment marched nearly one mile down the river, and VFa& 
ordered to halt and lie down. After remaining in this position nearly fifteen minutes, I 
received an order from Lieutenant Freeman of General Barry's staff, directing me to move 
the regiment to the front and support battery 0, 5th U. S. Artillery, which was at that 
time hotly engaged with the enemy. Upon arriving at the battery I formed my hne of bat- 
tle in its rear, my right resting up'on a road running at right angles with my Hne. I then 
directed the men to lie down, where they remained nearly an hour. An attempt being then 
made by the enemy to capture the battery, I moved the regiment nearly ten rods in front 
of it when it ceased firing. The enemy failing in their attempt to capture it, or drive u& 
from our position, hastily retreated to "the woods. I then moved by the rear rank to the- 
rear of the batteiy, and reoccupied my first position, where I remained until after dark, 
when I received an order to place the regiment on picket, the right of my line resting upon 
the left of the pickets of General Robinson's brigade, and to prolong said line. In this 
position we remained until December 14th, 8 o'clock P. M., when I was relieved by another 
regiment and ordered to occupy the position first assigned me, December 13th, in the rear 
of the battery. In this position we remained until December 15th, at 10 o'clock P. M.,. 
\vhen we received orders to move to the rear, where we joined the brigade near the ston© 
house, and marched left in front across the river, where we bivouacked for the night, and 
the next morning we were marched back to our old camp, where the regiment is at present 
quartered. 

"In closing this report permit me to bring to your attention the names of Captain 
E. S. Pierce and Captain I. S. Geer, both acting field officers, who ably assisted me upon 
the march and during the engagement of Saturday, December 13th. Also Adjutant 
George W. Remington and all officers and men — each vied with the other in sustaining the 
reputation of the regiment won at Bull Run, Yorktown, Williamsburg, Fair Oaks, Malvern 
Hill, Charles City Cross Road, Groveton, Chantilly, etc. The following is a correct list 
of the casualties that have occurred : Wounded, Privates William Williams, company B, 
back ; Charles Miller, company B, arm ; Wm. Osborne, company C, hand ; H. S. Briggs, 
company F, head ; Michael Kane, company G, foot ; Ira Austin, company I, foot." 

Kecrossing the Rappahannock on December 15th, following the battle of 
Fredericksburg, the regiment occupied its former camp. January 20th, 1863^ 
it marched with its corps to United States Ford, but without crossing the river, 
returned to camp near Falmouth, where it lay until April 28th. Breaking 
camp at that date, it crossed the Rappahannock May 1st, at United States 
Ford, and moved up near Chancellor's House. In the engagement at Chan- 
cellorsville it sustained a loss of sixty-three killed, wounded, and missing. Cap- 
tain Joseph Mason being among the killed. 

At Chancellorsville the 3d was in Sickles's 3d corps, driving the enemy on 
the morning of the first day, but are flanked and cut off, fall back, charge 
into the woods and open communication. Fired into next day at daylight, a 
severe struggle ensues. Again forced back, the enemy advance in overwhel- 
ming numbers to crush the Federal line; they are met and checked by a heavy 
fire on their advance, they hesitate, waver, and are still. 

Colonel pierce in a report says: 

" April 28th, 18G3, wo broke camp and once more moved towards the Rappahannock, 
crossed it at Unit oil States Ford May 1st, and moved up near to the Chancellor House 
and wont into position, supporting the first hne of battle. On the 2d we were moved to 
the front and drove the enemy four miles, but soon found that he had turned the right 
flunk of tiio Uth corps, and that wo were nearly cut off, but fell back to near our position 
of the morning before, and there charged the woods at 10 P. M., and opened comraunica- 
tlon with Uio main army. At daylight of the 3d we were fired into by the enemy, and 
after u long and Hcvere struggle were forced back one mile to a new position, which we 
held until the nioniingof the tJth, when we rccrossed the river and occupied our old camps. 
Our whole loss In this movement was sixty-three killed, wounded, and missing." 

Ik'iry's division, in which the regiment was serving, was prominently 
ongugetl at Cliancellorsvillc, losing its gallant commander, and receiving the 
folluwing notice in the American Cyclopedia: 

"• * • The Federal lino was formed with the division of General Berrv on the 



MICHIGAN IX THE WAR. 215 

right, that of General Birney next, on the left, and Generals "Williams and "Whipple sup- 
porting. By half past live General Berxy became engaged, and a terrible conilict ensued. 
The infantry of the enemy were advanced in overwhelming nunabers for the purpose of 
crushing the Federal line, but the force of General Sickles and Slocum held them in check. 
The contest became desperate, hand to hand, and the carnage great. It continued until 
8:45 A. M., without the slightest intermission, when there was a temporary suspension on 
the Federal side occasioned by getting out of ammunition. The position was, however, 
held bv the bayonet for nearly an hour until a supply was received and an order was given 
to fall" back to the vicinity of the Chancellor House. The contest now raged in this 
vicinity." ♦**••*•♦*»• 

Breaking camp again on the 11th of June, 1863, the regiment, still in Sick- 
les's 3d corps marched via Ceutreville, Edward's Ferry, and Frederick City, to 
Gettysburg, Pa., over dusty roads and during an intense heat. It was engaged 
in the actions of the 2d and 3d of July, at Gettysburg. Having on the 2d 
been hurriedly pushed forward (together with the 5th Mich.) as sharp-shooters 
on a skirmish line about a mile beyond EmmetLsburg turnpike, the enemy were 
discovered moving in large force for the purpose of turning the union left. A 
report being made of this fact to General Sickles, he at once advanced his line 
to an advantageous position to repel the attack. Soon the enemy made his 
anticipated assault, and after a spirited resistance for about two hours without 
receiving expected supports. Sickles fell back to his original position where a 
most desperate and formidable attack was made by the troops of General Long- 
street. The line being strengthened by the 5th Corps and other troops, the 
rebels were effectually repulsed, with great loss however, on both sides. The 
3d Michigan was hotly engaged during this and the following day, losing forty- 
one ki'lled, wounded, and missing. Having followed the retreating enemy to 
"VVilliamsport, it marched thence to Harper's Ferry, crossed the Potomac and 
moved to Manassas Gap. It was engaged at Wapping Heights, July 23d, but 
without loss. On the I7th of August the regiment proceeded to Alexandria, 
and from there to New York, whither it had been ordered to aid in the preser- 
vation of the public peace during the then pending draft. Remaining there 
some days, it moved to Troy, N. Y., where it was stationed two weeks. It 
then repaired to its brigade in the Army of the Potomac, arriving at Culpepper 
September 17th. On the 11th of October, failing back across the Rappahan- 
nock by way of Auburn Heights, it had a slight skirmish with the rebels on 
the 13th, with a loss of one wounded. Moving thence by Manassas and Cen- 
treviil'j, it lay at Fairfax Station four days, and thence moved forward to Cat- 
lett's Station. 

The regiment broke camp at Warrenton Junction, November 7th, and moved 
with the army to Kelly's Ford on the Rappahannock, where it engaged in the 
battle at that place November 8th; then marched to Brandy Station, on the 
Orange and Alexandria railroad, where it encamped until the 26th, when it 
broke camp and crossed the liapidan, taking part in the advance on Mine Run, 
and on the 27tli became engaged with the enemy at Bartlett's Mills or Locust 
Grove, losing eight in wounded. On the 2Sth it marched to Mine Run, having 
u skirmish on the 29th. On the 3Uth the regiment charged on the enemy's 
works, driving them from three lines of rifle pits, but failing in being sup- 
ported, had to fall back to its original position. Having fallen back with the 
army, it a.','ain arrived at its camp at Brandy Station, on the 2d of December, 
having lose during the movement thirty-one killed, wounded, and missing. 

On the 23d of December, 1863, 207 of the regiment reiinlisted as Veteran 
Volunteers. Returning to this State, these veterans were given the usual fur- 
lough of thirty days, at the expiration of which they returned to the regiment. 



216 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

Crossing the Eapidan at Ely's Ford, on the morning of the 4th of May, 1864, 
it advanced and encamped at Chancellorsville. On the three following days 
the regiment, in command of Lieut. Col. M. B. Houghton, and then in the 
2d Brigade, 3d Division, 2d Corps, participated in the battles of the Wilder- 
ness, sustaining a heavy loss, including Captains Andrew Nickerson and Mil- 
ton Leonard killed on the 6th. It was also engaged at Todd's Tavern on the 
8th. 

In the battle of the Wilderness the 3d was in Birney's division, 2d corps, 
which is mentioned in the American Cyclopedia as follows: 

" * • * The next moveruent of the enemy was to press between the corps 

of Generals "Warren and Hancock on the left center. Here the contest commenced about 
3 P. M In anticipation of this movement General Hancock's advance had been checked, 
and his corps was rapitlly moving to close the gap between it and the center. One divis- 
ion of the Gth corps, under General Getty, had been detached and moved to the left, taking 
position on the right of the Orange Court-house plank road. The advance consisting of 
the 1st brigade of the 2d division of the 2d corps had scarcely formed a junction with Gen- 
eral Getty, when the enemy belonging to Lieutenant General Hill's corps made a power- 
ful attack upon them. The position was held with the utmost obstinacy ; meanwhile the 
remainder of General Hancock's corps arrived and attacked the enemy's right and front. 
The divisions of Generals Birney, Barlow, and Gibbon took an active part, and the contest 
became exceedingly bloody. Such was the nature of the undergrowth that there was 
little opportunity to use artillery. The furious fiie of the enemy's musketry was seldom 
surpassed." * * • * 

On the 12th, at Spottsylvania, it participated in the successful charge of the 
2d corps, capturing a number of prisoners and two rebel battle flags. Prior 
to this engagement the 3d was consolidated temporarily with the 5th infantry. 
The regiment also took part in the engagement on the North Anna river on 
the 23d and 24th; thence it ma-rched to the Pamunky, which it crossed on the 
27th, and advanced toward Cold Harbor, and took part in the figiit at that 
place on June 7th. In addition to the engagements mentioned, the 3d also 
participated in a number of minor actions and skirmishes. Its loss during ilie 
month of May was thirty-one killed, one hundred and nineteen wounded, and 
twenty-nine mis.^ing. On the 9th of June, at Cold Harbor, the regiment, with 
the exception of the reenlisted men, and such as had joined since the date of 
original organization, and certain designated officers were ordered to proceed 
to this State for the purpose of being discharged. The remaining officers and 
men were formed into a battalion of four companies, and attached to the 5th 
Michigan infantry. The order consolidating these regiments was contirmed by 
special orders of the War Department, issued on the 13th of June, 1SG4. On 
the 20th day of June, the organization, which had been one of the first in the 
field, was formally mustered out of the U. !S. service. 

This regiment participated in engagements at Blackburn's Ford, Va., July 
18, 1861; Bull Kun, Va., July 21, lb6l; siege of Yorktown, Va., April 4 
to May 4, 1862; Williamsburg, Va., May 5, 1862; Fair Oaks, Va., Aiay 31, 
1862; Savage Station, Va., June 29, 1862; Peach Orchard, Va., June 29, 
1862; Glendale, Va., June 30, 1862; White Oak Swamp, Va., June 30, 1862; 
Malvern Hill, Va., July 1, 1862; Bull Kun, 2d, Va., August 29, 1862; Chan- 
tilly, Va., Si'])U.'mbt'r 1, 1862; Fredericksburg, Va., December 13, 1862; Ciian- 
cellursvilii', Va., May 1, 2, 3, 1863; Cett.^sburg, Penn., July 2 and 3, 1863; 
Wappmg iicights, Va., July 23, 1863; Auburn Heights, Va., October 1, 1863; 
Lilly's Furd, Va., Kuvemher 7, 1663; J^ocu^t Urove, Va., November 27, 1863; 
Muu-Kun, Va., November 29 and 3i), 1863; Wilderness, Va., Mav 5, 6, 7, 1864; 
'lud.l'd Tu\ern, Va., May 8, 1S64 ; Po Kiver, Va., xMay 10, TyUi ; Spottsyl- 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 217 

vania, Va., May 12, 1864; Korth Anna, Va., May 23, 24, 1864; Cold Harbor, 
Va., June 17, 1864. 

Four companies of this regiment having been merged in the 5th infantry, 
their services and engagements will be found in the records of that regiment, 
having served with it until the close of the war. 

The total enrollment of the 3d was 1,000 officers and enlisted men, while it 
lost four officers, ninety-six men killed in action, forty-seven men died of 
wounds, two officers and seventy-live men of disease. 

" They onward pass through blood and flame, 
Baptized unto a holier name ; 
Their eyes have looked within the veil, 
And hence their Ups are sealed and pale." 



Notes. — From a correspondent : "It will be remembered that after the battle of Chan- 
cellorsville General Birney caused to be struck and distributed among the deserving sol- 
diers of his division several hundred bronze medals, patterned somewhat after the 'Kearny 
Cross.' The medal was awarded only to such non-commissioned officers and privates as 
as especially distinguished themselves in that memorable engagement. Since then 
the division has performed some of the most remarkable marches on record, and has 
participated with its usual zeal and heroism in the battle of Gettysburg and the affair at 
Wapping Heights, in both of which occasions it was noticed that the possessors of these 
decorations were specially prominent in deeds of bravery and prowess. In view of tliis 
fact, and to satisfy himself of the efficacy of medals or other awards of merit, caused an 
investigation to be made into the fate of these Chancellorsville heroes in their subsequent 
encounters with the enemy up to and including the Gettysburg campaign. From the 
report the following facts relative to the 3d and 5th Michigan infantry, the two Michigan 
regiments in this division : 

3d Infantry. — Thirty-five received the original award. Of these one was killed, five 
wounded, one absent on leave, two absent sick, one dead, and twenty-five were present 
for duty. 

5th Infantry. — Thirty- five received the original award. Of these four were killed, ten 
wounded, two absent on leave, and nineteen present for duty." 

General Sickles in a speech delivered in Detroit, April 19th, 1864, said: 

" I am proud to address the people of a State which does not owe to the union army a 
single man. I rejoice in my heart that I stand on soil honored not only by the noble 
examples of its citizens at home, but by the brilliant reputation on battle-fields as I have 
seen them, of the heroic soldiers of Michigan. 

"I have also another desire to pass through this State. In the spring of 1861, I, in 
common with others of my fellow countrymen, felt it my duty to take up arms, throw out 
my banner, and call upon them to rally round my standard. With gratitude I remember 
that from ilichigan I received one hundred as gallant men as ever shouldered a musket or 
followed a leader. They had sought in Pennsylvania and Ohio to attach themselves to a 
command, and traveled 1,400 miles to join the 'Excelsior Brigade,' in which they have 
since served. It is my proud privilege to bear testimony to the courage and fidelity of 
the 3d and 5th regiments which so weU corroborates the opinion of the gallant Kearny, 
who has often said he never commanded troops which came more up to the standard that 
would do honor to any troops in the world." 

From the New York Evening Post, June 11th, 186 L : 

" Four men of the IVIiehigan regiment (3d) performed a very shrewd act to-day twelve 
miles out from Alexandria towards Manassas Junction. They were out 'prospecting,' 
and got away too far from camp. The sight of some rebel troopers warned them of their 
situation. Three of the four concealed themselves in a hedge or thicket, and left one on 
the highway unarmed. Two rebel troopers soon came up and arrested the Federal soldier. 
They dismounted and asked the Michigan man who he was. ' I belong to the Michigan 
regiment of Federal troops,' was his reply. ' Then you are our prisoner,' said the troop- 
ers. At this moment the three concealed Federal soldiers rushed from their ambush, with 
the exclamation, 'No! you are our prisoners!' Sure enough, the Virginians were taken 
completely by surprise and surrendered. The Michigan boys ax'e in high glee over the 
act." 

28 



THIRD INFANTRY (REORGANIZED). 



The 3d Infantry having been mustered out of service on the 20th of June, 
1863, orders were issued to reorganize the regiment, under the call for troops 
of July following. Lieutenant Colonel M. B. Houghton, of the old regiment, 
was authorized to proceed with this duty, and the camp was fixed at Grand 
Rapids. On the 15th of October the new organization was completed and 
mustered in, having 879 officers and men on its rolls. The regiment left 
Grand Kapids on the 20th, in command of Colonel Houghton, proceeding to 
Nashville, and from thence to Decatur, Ala., where it was stationed on the 
3l8t of October. 

During the month of November, 1864, the regiment was stationed at that 
point. On the 23d its advance picket on the Moulton and Courtland road was 
driven in, when five companies moved out and encountered a small force of 
the enemy, driving it back without loss. On the 25th the regiment moved 
toward Murfreesboro, Tenn., arriving there on the 27th, and was ordered to 
duty at Fort Rosecrans. While Gen. Milroy was engaged at the Cedars, with 
the principal part of Forrest's command, Faulkner's brigade of mounted 
infantry, on the 7th of December, made a dash on the picket line at Murfrees- 
boro, driving in the pickets and gaining possession of the town; when four 
companies of the regiment, together with four companies of the 181st Ohio, 
with a section of artillery, after a spirited engagement of an hour, repulsed 
the enemy, re-establishing the picket line, drove him for nearly two miles, 
when the command was withdrawn and returned to the fort. On the yth, 
while the regiment was on a foraging expedition, it came up with the rear 
guard of the enemy, consisting of the 7th and 12th Kentucky mounted 
infantry, taking live prisoners. On the 15th it nuirched to the relief of a 
supply train, which hud been attacked on its way from Stevenson, Ala., and 
on approaching the point a skirmish took place, when the force retired, leav- 
ing their duad and wounded on the ground. The regiment remained at Mur- 
freesboro until January IGth, 1805, when it moved to Huntsville, Ala., and was 
assigned to the 3d brigade, 3d division, 4th army corps. On the 31st it was 
ordered, with its corps, to Eastport, Miss., and proceeding as far as Nashville 
in that direction the order was countermanded, and it went into camp at that 
point, and on the 6th of February again moved to Huntsville, Ala., and 
remained tliere until the 16th of March, when, with its brigade, it took up a 
line of march through East Tennessee, reaching New Market on the 18th; 
remaining there until the 2'Jlh, tiic march was again resumed; reaching Bull's 
(iap, it eneaniped for a week, and then proceeded to Jonesboro, and went into 
cani[) at tliat point April 7th, and was engaged as scouts and on expeditions 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 219 

into the surrounding country, pursuing, capturing, and driving off numerous 
guerrilla bands then infesting that section. Information having been received 
on the 20th of April of the fall of Richmond, the regiment was ordered back 
to Nashville, arriving there on the 28th. Remaining in Nashville until June 
15tii, it proceeded, with its corps, by rail to Johnsville, thence by steamer 
down the Tennessee, Ohio, and Mississippi rivers to New Orleans, La., arriving 
there July 5th, and crossing the Gulf of Mexico, arrived at Indianola, Texas, 
and then marched to Green Lake, reaching there on the Uth ; remaining 
there until September 12th, it started for Western Texas, and after a fatiguing 
march of fourteen days reached San Antonio, and encamped near that place, 
and on the 6th of November moved into the city, when it was detailed to erect 
a post hospital, and afterwards engaged on provost guard duty. During the 
winter two companies were on duty at Gonzales. Early in the sjjring the regi- 
ment was ordered to Victoria, and was there mustered out of service May 2Gth, 
1866, when it started for Michigan. Marching to Indianola, it took steamer 
to New Orleans, and thence via the Mississippi river to Cairo, where it took 
rail to Detroit, arriving there on the 10th of June, when it was paid off and 
disbanded. 

The regiment was engaged at Decatur, Ala., October 28, 29, 30, 1864; 
Murfreesboro, Tenn., November 30 to December 20, 1864. 

The enrollment of this regiment was 1,109, while its losses were 158, being 
one man died of wounds and one officer, and 156 men of disease, a large loss 
compared with the time of service, but owing much to severe marching in 
Texas, under a hot sun, and then for a time encamped at Green Lake, a most 
unhealthy point, where much disease prevailed, and where the largest portion 
of deaths occurred. 



FOURTH REGIMENT INFANTRY. 



•' Eally, men and brothers, rally! 
' T is the time for you and me ; 
We will stand by one another 
Eound the standard of the free." 

The 4th regiment of infantry was recruited mostly on a line running from 
Monroe county aloug through the southern tier of counties westward, including 
St. Joseph county, and was organized by Colonel Dwight A. Woodbury of 
Adrian, who held a commission as Colonel of militia, and who had hitherto 
taken a prominent part in the military of the State. | 

The field officers of the regiment were appointed'under the following order : 

MILITAEY DEPAETMENT, MICHIGAN, ) 
Adjutant GENEEAii's Office, V 

Detroit, Michigan, May 16th, ISGl, ) 
Genekaij Orbeks, ) 
No. 17. ) 

The following appointments are hereby made in the Michigan troops: 
Dwight A. Woodbury, Colonel 4th regiment. 
William W. Dutlield, Lieutenant Colonel ith regiment. 
Jonathan W. Childs, Major 4th regiment. 

The 4th regiment will be rendezvoused at Adrian as soon as quarters are ready. The 
field officers of the 4th will report by letter to Colonel Woodbury at Adrian forthwith. 

By order of the Commandei--in- Chief, 

JNO. EOBEETSON, 

Adjutant General. 

While the 4th was in progress of organization, and while localities through- 
out the Stale were urging the Governor to accept comjiauies for service with a 
view of forming new regiments, he received the following communication from 
the War Depariment: 

War Department, ) 
Washington, May 11, 1861. ] 
Governor AuMtin Blair, Landing, Michigan: 

Dear Sir,- I have the honor to forward you, enclosed herewith, the plan of the organ- 
Izution of tht< voliint<>ors for three years, or during the war. Three regiments are assigned 
to your Stiite, nmldiig in addition to the one rec:iment of three months' militia already 
callf'd for, four r.'Kiinents. It is important to reduce rather than enlarge this number, 
and in no event to exceed it. Let me earnestly recommend to you, therefore, to call for 
no more than four regiments, of which only three are to serve for three years, or durmg 
the war; and if luoro uro already called for, to reduce the number by dischaige. 

SIMON CAMEEON, 
Secretary of War. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 221 

The Governor, entertaining other views in regard to the necessities of the 
country at that time for immediate preparation to meet coming emergencies, 
assumed the responsibility of establishing a camp of instruction at Fort Wayne, 
near Detroit, and accordingly publislied the following order: 

MILITARY DEPARTMENT, MICHIGAN, 
Adjutant General's Office, 
General Orders, ) Detroit, Mich., May 21th, 1S61. 

No. 25. [ 

In accordance with a letter from the Secretary of War, a copy of which is hereto 
annexed, the Commander-in-chief feels obliged to decline the rendezvousing of any more 
State troops by regiments. In order, however, to prepare for any future call, and ta 
insure at the least expense to the State an efficient corps of officers and non-commissioned 
officers, two additional regiments will be formed. 

A camp of instruction for the officers and non-commissioned officers of these regiments 
will soon be established at such time and at such points as shall be herealter designated. 

The camp of instruction wUl be under the command of the Brigadier General of State 

troops. 

****♦**♦# 

Officers, non-commissioned officers and musicians detailed as above when rendezvoused 
will be mustered into the service of the State, subject to be mustered into the service of 
the United States, in accordance with the provisions of the "Military Force Law," ap- 
proved May 10th, 1861, and will he allowed, according to rank, pay proper, and commu- 
tation of rations without farther allowances. 

Regimental commanders wiU report for approval by the Commander-in-chief the names 
of suitable candidates to fill the vacancies among the commissioned officers, and will 
themselves fill vacancies occuiTing among non-commissioned officers, and also report the 
names of any officers who may be found Lncompetent. 

The companies herein organized into regiments will be entitled to preference on any 
future call if their rolls are kept up to the minimum number required by the War Depart- 
ment, and in that view it is recommended that the enrollment be continued, where it can 
be done without expense to the State, but not otherwise. 

The Commander-in-chief regrets that the decision of the Secretary of War, as expressed 
in the subjoined letter, compels him to change his intention of immediately calling into 
the active service of the State the many patriotic volunteers who have so nobly tendered 
their services in defense of the union. He trusts, however, that the spirit of patriotism 
so remarkably manifested in all portions of the State will be kept ahve ready to meet any 
future requisition of the Federal government. 

By order of the Commander-in-chief, 

JNO. ROBERTSON, 
Adjutant General. 

Immediately following the publication of the order the Governor decided to 
make the number of regiments tluee in place of two, and tiie 7th was ordered 
organized for the Camp of Instruction. 

MILITARY DEPARTMENT, MICHIGAN, 
Adjutant General's Office, 
General Orders, ) Detroit, June 10, 1S61. 

No. 30. I 

I. The field officers of the 5th and 6th regiments are hereby appointed, as follows: 

5th Regiment— "H-onry D. Terry, Colonel; Samuel E. Beach, Lieutenant Colonel; Henry 
K. Mizner, Major. 

6th Regiment— Fvcdorick W. Curtenius, Colonel; Thomas S. Clark, Lieutenant Colonel; 
Edward Bacon, Major. 

Ira A. Grosvenor is appointed Colonel of the 7th regiment. The other field officers will 
be selected in a subsequent order, and the assignment of companies made. 

II. Fort Wayne, near Detroit, is selected for the Camp of Insiruction, and the officers 
and non-commissioned officers will rendezvous at that point on Wednesday, the rJtli inst., 
under instructions from the Brigadier General, in accordance with General Order No. 25. 

III. The officers will be examined by a military board appointed for that purpose at 



222 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

the breaking up of the camp, and all such as have made satisfactory progress will have a 
certificate accordingly, and such as through inattention or incapacity do not make such 
progress will be dropped. 

The colonels of regiments will have the power to grant certificates of merit to non- 
commissioned officers or to drop them from the regiment for incapacity. 

The officers and non-commissioned officers will be paid only during active service, 
according to General Order No. 25, and the camp will break up at the discretion of the 
Conimander-in - Chief. 
The uniform will be prescribed and furnished after the rendezvousing is completed. 
By order of the Commander-in-Chief. 

JNO. EOBERTSON, 
Adjutant General. 

In an order under date of June 10th, the complement of field officers of the 
7th was completed by the appointmeut of F. M. Winaus as lieutenant colonel 
and Win. M. Fenton as major. 

The camp was organized and commanded by Brigadier General Alpheus S. 
Williams, with Colonel James E. Pittnian, Major Wm. D. Wilkius, and Cap- 
tain Henry M. Whittlesey as assistants. 

It continued until August 1st following, when it was broken up and the 
officers and non-commissioned officers were ordered to various localities to 
recruit their respective companies. 

The course of instruction adopted was the same as that practiced in the 
regular army, which was followed up with ability and energy, bringing about 
most beneficial results, not only in these particular regiments, but which 
became apparent in many others by appointment and transfer. The measure 
received the approval of the State as a most timely and judicious measure, 
while it was endorsed from abroad by favorable comments of public journals, 
and at the same time otherwise attracted much notice in neighboring States. 

The companies had been recruited for some time prior to the date of the fol- 
lowing order of assignment, and had been equally urgent with the 3d for an 
opportunity to be accepted into the service: 

Military Depaetment, Michigan, ) 
Adtutant Geneeals Office, >• 
Geneeal Oedeks, ) Detroit, May 20th, 2861. ) 

No. 24. \ 

I. The 4th regiment is hereby formed, and will consist of the following companies: 

Peninsula Guard, Captani W. L. Stoughton, Sturgis. 

Barry Guard, Captain J. M. Randolph, Ann Arbor. 

Smith Guard, Caplain C. Luce, Monroe. 

Trenton Volunteers, Captain D. A. Granger, Trenton. 

Dexter Union Guard, Caplain A. D. Crane, Dexter. 

lludBon Volunteers, Cai)tain S. DeGolyer, Hudson. 

Adrian Volunteers, Captain J. II. Cole, Adrian. 

Hillsdale Volunteers, Captain G. W. Lumbard, Hillsdale. 

GroKvenor Union Guard, Captain M. A. Funke, Jonesville. 
Tceumseh Volunteers, Captain D. D. Marshall, Tecumseh. 

Cajitiiinh of eompanios will forthwith report by letter to Colonel D. A. Woodbury at the 
regimental headquarters, Adrian. As soon as the quarters are ready at Adrian the 
colonel will order the companies to rendezvous at that point. 

By order of the Commander-in-Chief. 

JNO. ROBERTSON, 

Adjutant General. \ 

Cnpfain Slou^liton did not enter the service with the Sturgis company, 
Caplain A. K. WOod taking iiis phice. 

At the formation of the regiment the comj)anie8 received an alphabetical 



I 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 223 

designation. Smith Guard, A; Adrian Volunteers, B; Peninsular Guard, C; 
Barry Guard, D; Hillsdale Volunteers, E; Hudson Volunteers, F; Tecumseh 
Volunteers, G; Grosvenor Guard, H; Treuton Volunteers, Ij Dexter Union 
Guard, K. 

On a beautiful spot of ground near the quarters of the 4th, known as 
''Camp Williams," in the suburbs of the city of Adrian, on the 21st day of 
June, in the presence of thousands of people, the regiment in full dress was 
formed in a hollow square, inside of whicli Mrs. W. S. Wilcox, in behalf of 
the ladies of Adrian, in a few well chosen words, presented the command with 
an elegant regimental flag. It was received by the men with cheers, and in 
their behalf was acknowledged in a brief but fitting speech by Colonel D. A. 
Woodbury, in which he said : "In whatever position we may be assigned, with 
our banner to cheer us, we will strive to do our duty as American soldiers. To 
no inferior force shall it ever be surrendered, and sooner than be trailed to 
treason it shall become the pall of the regiment." Patriotic speeches were 
also made by C. M. Croswell, Esq., and the Hon. Zachariah Chandler. 

The organization of the 4th having been completed, it was mustered into 
the service of the United States June 20th, 1861. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Dwight A. "Woodbury, Colonel, Adrian. William W. Duffield, Lieutenant Colonel, De- 
troit. Jonathan W. Childs, Major, Ypsilanti. Josept Tunnicliff, Surgeon, Jackson. 
David P. Chamberlain, Assistant Surgeon, Hudson. Francis S. Earle, Adjutant, Grand 
Kapids. Henry A. Grannis. Quartermaster, Adrian. Henry N. Strong, Chaplain, Adrian. 

A. Captain, Constant Luce, Monroe. First Lieutenant, John M. Oliver, Monroe. Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, A. Morell Eose, Monroe. 

B. Captain, James H. Cole, Adrian. First Lieutenant, Jeremiah D. Slocum, Adrian. 
Second Lieutenant, James E. Averj', Adrian. 

C. Captain, Abram E. Wood, Sturgis. First Lieutenant, Henry A. Grannis, Adrian. 
Second Lieutenant, Ebenezer French, Sturgis. 

D. Captain, John M. Randolph, Ann Arbor. First Lieutenant, Richard G. DuPuy, 
Ann Arbor. Second Lieutenant, Jairus W. Hall, Ann Arbor. 

E. Captain, George W. Lombard, Hillsdale. First Lieutenant, Charles C. Doolittle, 
Hillsdale. Second Lieutenant, Charles B. Parsons, Hillsdale. 

F. Captain, Samuel DeGolyer, Hudson. First Lieutenant, Simon B. Preston, Hudson. 
Second Lieutenant, Joseph L. Smith, Hudson. 

G. Captain, David D. Marshall, Tecumseh. First Lieutenant, George Monteith, 
Adrian. Second Lieutenant, Jeptha W. Beers, Tecumseh. 

H. Captain, Moses A. Funku, Jonesville. First Lieutenant, Simon B. Hadly, Jones- 
ville. Second Lieutenant, William H. McConnell, Hillsdale. 

I. Captain. David A. Granger, Trenton. First Lieutenant, Marshall W. Chapin, De- 
troit. Second Lieutenant, Francis S. Earle, Grand Rapids. 

K. Captain, Alexander D. Crane, Dexter. First Lieutenant, Harrison H. Jeffords, 
Dexter. Second Lieutenant, James Mulloy, Livingston. 

The regiment in command of Colonel Woodbury left its rendezvous at 
Adrian for Washington, June 25th, numbering on the rolls 1,025 oflBcers and 
men. In his order for the movement he said : " Let each man remember that 
he has the honor of Michigan in his keeping." 

Tiie fine appearance of the 4Lh while passing through Cleveland brought from 
the "Leader" of that city the following general notice of Michigan troops: 

"When we see the splendidly armed and equipped regiments from Michigan pass 
through here on their way to the seat of war, and compare their appearance with that of 
the regiments which recently left Camp Cleveland, it makes us almost ashamed of Ohio, 
and inclines us to inquire in the mildest and most collected manner, why it is that Michi- 
gan in the same length of time, sends regiments to the Held prepared for service, wliile 
Ohio, who boasts of her enterprise and patriotism, sends from her camps as regiments, 
mere mobs of men, half uniformed, unarmed, and wholly without drill." 



■Z24: MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

A correspondent writes, on the arrival of the 4th at Harrisburg: "the 
question came from many of its citizens, ' Has Michigan sent anoUier regiment 
equipped?' and in fact the troops now in Camp Curtain dechired that 'if 
Pennsylvania would only clothe her men like that, she would not have a'^ingle 
citizen left at home.' " 

The regiment arrived via Baltimore at Washington during the night of the 
2d of July, and went into camp with the 2d and 3d Michigan, near the chaiu 
bridge above Georgetown. 

Although not actually engaged at Bull Run, July 21st, it took part in the 
movements connected therewith. Under date of July 21st, 9.10 P. M., 
Woodbury telegraphed Colonel E. D. Townsend, Assistant Adjutant General, 
from Fairfax Court House: " We are reliably informed that the enemy's cav- 
alry will attack us on the left to-night. Send instructions." 

This regiment aided largely, as did also the 2d, 3d, and 5th, in the con- 
struction of the defenses of Washington. 

It encamped during the winter following on Miner's Hill, Va., and in the 
spring of 18G2 formed part of McClellan's Peninsula army, being in Griffin's 
brigade, Morrell's division of Porter's corps, and was in the seige of York- 
town, and in tiie engagement at Williamsburg, losing at the former Captain 
A. K. Wood, commanding Company C, killed on April 18th, while on picket 
duty. 

In the first collision on the Chickahominy between the advance of McClel- 
lan's army and the rebels at Newbridge, on May 24th, the 4th, led by Colonel 
Woodbury, waded the stream under a heavy fire and gallantly assailed and 
drove off a superior force, losing only eight men, while it captured thirty -seven, 
prisoners, of whom fifteen were wounded, i 

In tills battle one Piper was killed, who'nad a brother in the same company, 
to whom an oflicer said, "Your brother has been shot, and if you want to see 
him alive hurry from here to where they have taken him." "1 can't leave," 
replied the brother. "I have no time now to look after dying brothers.- My 
country has the highest claim on me." 

"I might have shot you half a dozen times," said a prisoner, after the fight; 
to Colonel Woodbury. "Why didn't you?" asked the Colonel, coolly. "1 
took you for some d — d common orderly !" was the reply. 

The alfair at Newbridge was so brave and dashing as to be noticed in a dis- 
patch from (ieneral McClellau to the War Department, as follows : 

" Three skiniiishes to-day. We drove the rebels from Mechanicsvihe seven miles from 
New Bnd;,'o. The -Ith Michigan about used up the ' Louisiana Tigers. ' Filty prisoners 
and lifty killed and wounded." 

Mr. Greeley, in hi.s "American Confiict," says: 

"The Ih-stcolhslon on the Chickaliotniny between the advance of General McClolIan'& 
army ami the rebels occurred near New Bridge, wliere tlie 4th Michigan, Colon. ■! Wood- 
bury, wa<led the stream and assailed and drove off a superior force, losing but eight men 
in all, and taking tliirty-soveu prisoners, of whom fifteen were wounded. 

A correspondent of the N. Y. Herald, writing from Cold Harbor, Va., under 
date of May 24th, 18G2, says of the affair at Newbridge: 

"Tlie most Important skirmish that has occurred between our troops and the rebels ii* 
front of Itichmoiul look phico tiiis morning. Engaged on our side was the 4th Micliigan 
llugiment. Coicnel Woodbury, wiio fought lor two hours witli desperate and heroic courage 
an enth-e rel)el rigade. We lost one man killed, two mortally woimdcd, and four seriously 
wounded, and did not lose a jirisoncr. The rebels lost one hundred killed and wounded 
anil IhirLy-seven prisoners. The following is a detailed account of the affair: 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 225 

"Intelligence having reached headquarters that, quite a force of the enemy was near 
New Bridge, the 4th Michigan regiment, CoIoih'I Woodbury, was sent to feel them, and if 
necessary interrupt their quiet. The regiment left carap at 7 A. M., tlieir Colonel at their 
head, and all in splendid spirits at the prospect of a rencontre with the rebels. A secon- 
dary object of the expedition was to obtain information in regard to the roads and fords 
in the vicinity. Lieutenant N. 13i)weu of the Topographical Engineers went with the ex- 
pedition; as also a squadron of the 'id regular cavalry, under command of Captain Gordon, 
a company of the 5th cavalry. Lieutenant Custer; a company of the 18th infantry. Captain 
Forsyth, and a company of the 2d infantry. Captain McMillan. New Bridge is four miles 
from camp. They went down the main road to what is called the old mill, and thence 
turned to the right through a piece of woods, keeping it till they came to an open field, 
commanding a view of the Chickahominy river. A portion of company A, 4th Michigan 
regiment. Captain Rose, was here sent forward as skirmishers, and the remnant of the 
company kept as reseiwes. The regiment filed out of the woods by flank, and formed in 
line of battle veiy nearly parallel with the river, the left extending across the main road. 
Here the rebels were seen lying behind a fence across the river. The right wing of Col- 
onel Woodbury's regiment was ordered to cross the river, which at this point is about 
thirty feet wide. In the men plunged, aU accoutered as they were, but contrived to keep 
their muskets in condition to use. In some places the stream, which had been swollen 
by the rain during the night and morning, was so deep that the men were obUged to swim, 
and none got over without wading waist-deep. The enemy, who had lain concealed be- 
hind a fence close to the opposite bank of the river, kept up an incessant lire upon them. 
Fortunately the enemy's shots passed harmlessly over their heads; but the shooting did 
not dismay the men in the least. Lieutenant Bowen attempted to cross the stream with 
his horse, but the latter was shot under him before he had advanced a third of the way 
across. This prevented field-officers and the cavalry from attempting to cross the stream. 
All the companies but two passed the river. One of these remained behind to act as skir- 
mishers in the woods on the right, and the other to keep an eye on the bridge and to the 
left beyond, to prevent being flanked on either side by the enemy. 

"As soon as our men crossed the river the work of firing commenced. Captain Eose's 
company discharged the first volley on our side. All the remaining companies had their 
muskets to their shoulders in double-quick time. The firing was brisk and continuous on 
both sides. The rebels had two pieces of artillery, from which they hurled shells at our 
men, but the shells, like their volleys of musketry, passed over the heads of our men. 
Theh- cannon were planted on a hill beyond, while the infantry still kept position behind 
the fence, which in addition to having an embankment as a base in the style of old Vir- 
ginia fences, had a deep and wide ditch in front. The shooting continued for nearly two 
hours. Our men drove the rebels behind the fence and their encampment at the left. 
They fled, leaving their dead and wounded behind them, taking refuge in encampments 
on the hill. 

*' On our side the last shot was fired. It was not deemed prudent to pursue the retreat- 
ing enemy. It was evident that they had mistaken our force, or else acted in retiring 
more intensely cowardly than we ever thought them to be. They had four regiments en- 
gaged, 4th and 5th Louisiana regiments, a Virginia and an Alabama regiment, besides 
their artillery, while on our side there were actually eight companies of the 4th Michigan 
who did the fighting. Under the cii-cumstances, of course, it was not deemed prudent to 
follow the foe. 

" In the ditch were found to be twenty-eight dead bodies. Among the killed were two 
lieutenants. One was shot with two balls through the head, and the body of the other 
was completely riddled with bullets. Of the thirty-seven prisoners we took, fifteen were 
wounded. Our men brought them on their shoulders across the stream, whence they 
were taken to a dwelling house near by, and every possible care given them by our sur- 
geons. They all expressed astonishment at the care shown them, and stated that they 
had been told that if they ever fell into our hands they would bo killed ; tmd such fate they 
expected would be theirs. 

"Our men partook of the dinner the Louisiana Tigers had prepared for themselves. 
They captured their company books, and brought away rifles, muskets, swords, sashes, 
etc. I might recount any number of narrow escapes, had 1 time. 

" General McClellun having received int(!llig(;nce of the skirmish, rode toward the river 
and met the regiment on its return. He grasped Colonel Woodbury warmly by the hand, 
and said: ' General, I am happy to congratulate you again on your success. I have had 
occasion to do so before, and do so again with pleasure ' He fUso shook hands with Cap- 
tain Rose, of the first company, and said: 'I thank you, Captain. Your men have done 
well.' To some of the men he said: ' How do you feel, boys?' They exclaimed: ' Geu- 

29 



226 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

eral, we feel bully!' 'Do you think anything can stop you from going to Richmond?* he 
asked, and an enthusiastic ' No! ' rang from the whole line. 

" All the offloers of the regiment behaved remarkably well. General McClellan tele- 
graphed immediately to Geneml Porter that the 4th Michigan had covered themselves 
with glory. " -^ 

I The 4th was engaged at Hanover Court House, May 27th, at Mechanicsville, 
June 26th, and ou the 27th at Gainer's Mills, where it lost Captain K. G-. 
DuPuy and Lieutenant Thos. J. Jones, killed, while Captain George Spalding, 
Lieutenants ,J. L. Smith, F. S. Earle, J. W. Beers, and S. B. Preston were 
wounded; the latter died of his wounds in a rebel prison.] 

The report of Captain Randolph, alluding to the battle of Gaines's Mijls, 
states : 

"* * * The regiment held its ground until its ammunition was nearly expended, 
when it was relieved and fell back, contesting every foot of the ground, and formed our 
line of battle in rear of the reserves. 

" .\t evening the action closed, and we held the ground where we had fought against 
such fearful odds. I cannot speak in too high terms of both officers and men. 

" Lieutenants Preston, Beers, and Jones were severely wounded and are now missing. 
They ail behaved nobly, inspiring the men with that enthusiasm that so generally reigned 
throughout the command. •■**♦**•** 

The regiment was also engaged at Savage Station, June 29th; at Turkey 
Bend, June 30th ; at White Oak Swamp on the same day; and on July Ist at 
Malvern Hill, where it became conspicuously engaged, losing its colonel, 
Woodbury, who fell at the head of his regiment, and whose brilliant career in 
the service had been as bright and dashing as the record of his regiment, and 
had his life been spared but a little longer his military ability, energy, and 
dash would have placed him prominent in command with high rank and fame, 
as he was naturally gifted with all the characteristics to ensure success./ 

" "With his back to the field and his feet to the foe! 
And leaving in battle no blot on his name, 
Looks proudly to Heaven from the death-bed of fame." 

A writer says : 

" The 1st day of July, 1862, was a gloomy day for the Army of the Potomac. Shat- 
tered, hard pressed, suffering from the effects of heat, thirst, and want of food, fatigued 
and worn down with liglitiiig by day and retreating by night — harrassed but not con- 
quered, tlie heroic men of that army still stoutly resisted the foe. Slowly, step by step, 
they had fiillen back from the Chickahominy to the base of Malvern Hill. Thousands of 
lovnd comrades were missing; some were cut off and captured, to be consigned to the 
cruelties of Libby Prison. Some, mangled and bleeding, suffered intense agony; while 
others, far from kindred and home, lay dead or dying in the forests and swamps through 
which they had retreated. The enemy in full foi'ce still pressed them hard, determined 
at one fell swoop to utterly destroy and capture all that remained of that proud army. 
Late in the afternoon fresh rebel troops were massed, and, confident of success, were 
hurled upon our jaded, wearied men. ^Vith death-defying determination three times they 
charged. They came, but only to be resisted and driven back, even as the granite rock 
hurls back the rushing, surging waves. There, in full dress, cool and collected, passing 
from niiik to rank, ' mid death shots falling thick and fast, as lightnings from the 
mountain cloud.' was Woodbury. It is said that there was an unusual sadness in the 
expressiun of his face as he went into that battle, as though he had a premonition that 
his time had come; yet steadily he went forward as to a holiday parade. On the very 
evo of vict(.ry. wiion nnimuting iiis men and gallantly cheering them on, a rebel bullet 
pierced his brain and stilled as brave a heart as ever throbbed. ' On, my brave bovs, 
on,' and 'good bye, boys,' were the last words that passed from his lips. Without suf- 
forlnK or pain, unconscious of the shaft that death had sent, his body sunk to the earth, 
and his spirit passed to tln^ God who gave it." 

*' He had fought his last battle. 

No sound shall awake him to glory again." 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 327 

With "Woodbury fell Captain A. M. Ixose, killed, and Lieutenant J. A. Gor- 
■don, wounded, while from June 26th to July 2d the aggregate loss of the regi- 
ment was fifty-three killed, one hundred and forty-four wounded, and fifty- 
two missing. 

In a report made by Captain Randolph immediately following the engage- 
ment at Malvern Hill, he says: 

"The enemy commenced the attack about 2 P. M., and at 4 o'clock the action became 
general. The regiment held its ground against fearful odds until its ammunition was ex- 
pended, when it fell back, contesting every foot of the ground until relieved by the 2d 
New Jersey. At evening the action closed, and we again held our first line. Our loss was 
beavy in both officers and men. It was here Captain Richard DuPuy fell while gallantly 
leading his men. 

" Colonel Woodbury was everywhere present, and by his example and courage inspired 
•every one with renewed vigor. About hblf an hour after the action commenced he was 
mortally wounded, the ball penetrating the head just above the right eye. "While being 
borne from the field his last words were: 'Good bye, boys.' Captain A. M. Rose was 
also killed about the same time. 

"On the following morning our position was again changed, and about 3 P. M. the 
enemy appeared in oiu: front in heavy force. We were ordered to advance, and in a few 
moments came within range of the enemy, when we opened a destructive fire." 

Surgeon Chamberlain of the 4th gives the following account of the death of 
of the gallant Colonel Woodbury: 

" Our regiment occupied the extreme left of the line of battle at ' Malvern Hill.' Towards 
•evening a regiment of our brigade was ordered to charge on the advancing rebels ; but 
after advancing half way across the field the fire was so severe they were compelled to 
break and fall back in great confusion, passing through the 4th Michigan regiment, who 
were lying on their faces to escape the fire of the enemy. Colonel Woodbury was at the 
head of our regiment, and Captain Rose, of Monroe, and Captain Chapin, of Company F, 
were near by in charge of their companies. The Colonel attempted to rally the retreating 
regiment, shouting to them with his cap in one hand and his sword in the other, teihng 
them to stand their gi-ounds, that they and the 4th could check the enemy. At this mo- 
ment he was pierced in the forehead by a musket ball. He threw up his arms and fell 
back dead. His countenance in death appeared calm but earnest. His under hp was 
■clasped under his upper teeth, a habit of his Life, indicating his earnestness of purpose. " 
p 

After the death of Colonel Woodbury, Lieutenant Colonel Childs was pro- 
moted to the colonelcy, liieutenant Colonel DuflSeld having been previously 
promoted to the colonelcy of the 9th Lifantry. 

When the campaign on the Peninsula ended, the 4th returned with the 
army and entered on the "Pope campaign." 

The regiment, in command of Colonel Childs, was in the engagement at 
Gainesville, August 29th, 1862; Bull Pun, August ciOth ; and at Antietam on 
the 17ih of September following. At Shepardstown Ford, September kiOth, 
with its brigade, it forded the Potomac in face of a battery, killed and drove 
off the enemy, capturing the guns. 

The regiment having returned again to the Potomac from the Maryland 
oampaign, was also in the battle of Fredericksburg, December 13th and 14th, 
in command of Lieutenant Colonel Geo. W. Lombard, where its casualties 
were nine killed, forty-one wounded, and one missing. Among the killed was 
Lieutenant James Clark. 

At the battle of Fredericksburg the regiment was in the 2d brigade, Ist 
division, 5th corps, which is mentioned by Colonel T. W. B. Stockton, of the 
16th Michigan, who was then in command of the od biigade, same division. 
In that division were also the Ist and 16th Michigan, the former in the Ist 
brigade and the latter in the 3d. , The extract from Colonel Stockton's report 
ifl as follows : 



228 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

<< ♦ * • Just before sundown (the 1st and 2d brigades in advance) the order to 
advance was given, with instructions to reach, take, and hold a hill some five hundred 
yards in front of the enemy's works. The whole line went briskly forward, and when 
we had reached an intervening crest about half way we became entirely exposed to view. 
The rebels opened upon us one of the most terrific showers of shell, canistw, and 
musketry I have ever experienced. My whole line returned the fire and steadily 
advanced. It was here that our greatest loss occurred, but under all this there was no 
faltering, no hesitation, and we were soon at the ridge we were ordered to take, the 
enemy retreating to their rifle-pits and shelter behind a stone wall immediately under 
their batteries. The ridge scarcely afiorded us any shelter except by lying down. 

"Orders were received during tiie night that we must ' hold the position until 10 A. M. 
next day, when the 9th army corps would make a general attack, at which time we would 
be relieved or ordered to go in.' " 

:^** ******* 

The 4th, having participated in the first battle of Fredericksburg, December 
13th and 14th, 1862, returned to its old position on the north bank of the Rap- 
pahannock. Ou the 30th and 31st of December the regiment, was engaged 
in a reconnoissance to Morrisville, making a march of thirty-three miles on the 
latter day. It was engaged in a movement of the 20th of January, 1863, but 
marching only a few miles returned to camp near Falmouth, where it remained 
until May 1st. May 4th, it participated in the battle of Chancellorsville with 
a loss in killed, wounded, and missing of thirty. May 26th the regiment was 
ordered on guard duty at Kelley's Ford, where it remained until the 13th of 
June. Engaging in the rapid and fatiguing marches northward through 
Maryland and into Pennsylvania, in command of Colonel H. H. Jefferds, who 
had been commissioned from November 26th, 1862, it participated in the 
battle of Gettysburg on the 2d and 3d of July, serving in the same brigade,, 
division, and corps. 

Its casualties were twenty-eight killed, eighty wounded, missing, and pris- 
oners. 

The 4th bears a noble part in the great battle of Gettysburg, shares with the 
5th corps the brunt of the fight, meets the enemy in a desperate encounter, 
their fin*,' is in danger, the gallant Jefferds rushes to the rescue, he struggles 
for its safety, but falls by a rebel bayonet. 

•* From his bosom that heaved, the last torrent was streaming, 
And pale was his visage, deep marked with a scarJ 
And dim was that eye, once expressively beaming, 
That melted in love, and that kindled in war!" 

A writer at the time says : 

" What deeds of valor were performed! There were many heroes that day. A rebel 
officer seized the colors of the 4th Michigan. Colonel Jefferds seized his revolver, shot 
him, and regained the flag. A rebel soldier with a bayonet- thrust ran the Colonel through 
the body, iiillicling a mortal wound; but as he fell he held the flag he loved so well with 
a flrnior gra^p, elnsping it in his arms and pressing it to his heart. The rebel soldier, too, 
went down, his biain pierced by a bullet from Major Hall's (dth Michigan) revolver." 

1'he struggle in which the regiment was engaged at Gettysburg may be 
inferred from llie following notice of the services of its corps (the 5th) as stated 
by Mr. Greeley in his "American Conflict:" 

" * * • Sickios's new position was commanded by the rebel batteries posted 

on Keniinai y ridgo in his front seareely half a mile distant, while magnificent lines of bat- 
tle a mile and a half long swept up to liis front and flanks, crushing him back with heavy 
loss, and Hlrn^'^rling de.speratoly to seize Kound Top at his left. Meade regarded this hfil 
as vital tc the maintenance of our position, and liad already ordered Hykesto advance the 
6th corps with all potislble haste to save and hold it. A fierce and bloody struggle ensued^ 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 2-^9 

for the enemy had nearly carried the hill before Sykes reached it, while Humphreys, who 
with one of Sykes's divisions had been posted on Sickles's right, was in turn assailed in 
front and flank, and driven back with a loss of 2,000 out of 5,000 men." • * » 

r 

After the death of Colonel Jefferds, Lieutenant Colonel Lombard assumed 
command of the regiment. i 

Pursuing the enemy from Gettysburg, the 4th marched to Williamsport on 
July 12th. The enemy having crossed tl)o Potomac, the regiment proceeded 
to Berlin ; thence, on the 17th, it marched to Warrenton via Manassas Gap, 
then proceeded to Beverly Ford, where it remained until September lt)th; 
thence to Culpepper, remaining tliere to the 9th of October. Again crossing 
the Rappahannock, it encamped near Beverly Ford. Recrossing on the follow- 
ing day it assisted in driving the enemy, who were advancing, back to Brandy 
Station, the -ith acting as "flankers" for the 5th Corps. On the 12th the 
regiment recrossed the Rappahannock, and fell back with the army via Beal- 
tou, Warrenton Junction, and Centerville, to Fairfax Station, where it remained 
until the 18th, when it marched forward to Three Mile Station near Warrenton 
iijiction and went into camp. 

' Following is an extract from the report of Colonel Lombard, covering in 
detail the services of his regiment from JMovember 1, 1862, until November 1, 
1863: 

" I respectfully submit the followhig report: The regiment is attached to the 2d brigade, 
1st division, 5th army corps. Army of the Potomac. November 1st, 1862, the regiment 
was on the march from Sharpsburg, Maryland, to Warrenton, Virginia, and then to Fal- 
mouth, Virginia, where it arrived November 22d, under the command of Colonel J. W. Childs, 
who resigned November 25th, 1862, when I assumed command. We remained near Fal- 
mouth until December 12th, when the army moved towards Fredericksburg, Virginia. On 
the 13th of December we crossed the llappahannock river and participated in the battle of 
Fredericksburg ; casualties, killed and wounded fifty two. On the 14th of December 
recrossed the Rappahannock and returned to our old position. On the 30th of December 
the regiment went out on a reconnoissance towards Morrisville, Virginia, and camped near 
<3rrove Church. Next day advanced to Morrisville and returned to camp the same day, 
performing a march of thirty- three miles in one day. The next move of the army was 
made January 20th, 1663, under the command of General Burnside. When but a few miles 
from camp the order was countermanded and the army resumed the position as before. 
The roads and bad weather prevented the army from moving. We were in camp near 
I'almouth until May 1st, 1863, when the army moved under the command of General 
Hooker. The regiment was commanded by Colonel H. H. Jefferds, who was lately pro- 
moted ; the command carried eight days' rations in haversacks and knapsacks, and moved 
to Chancellorsville, Virginia, via Kelly's Ford. The campaign lasted eight days. May 
4th, 1863, the regiment participated in the battle of Chancellorsville, suppoiting batteries 
of our corps, and was sent by order of General Hooker to feel the enemy's position. In 
presence of the main body of the army, the regiment was highly praised by the command- 
ing general lor executing the order as he desired. No engagement occuired after the 
position of the enemy was felt, and the army recrossed the Rappahannock at United States 
Ford, and returned to the old position as before near Falmouth, Virginia. The casualties 
of the regiment were, killed, wounded, and missing, thirty. The 2d brigade covered the 
retreat from Chancellorsville. We were in camp until May 26th, 1863, when the brigade 
was ordered as guard at Kelly's Ford, where we remained until the 13th of June, when we 
commenced our march northward. The enemy were now marching into Maryland and 
Pennsylvania. We continued our march via Centrevillo and then to Aldie, Virginia, re- 
maining there a few days, and on the 28th of June resumed our march through Leesburg, 
and crossing the Potomac into Maryland at Edwards Ferry the 2yth of June we wor(> at 
Frederick, Maryland, and on the 1st of July marched into Pennsylvania and camped near 
Gettysburg. The regiment participated in the battle of Gettysburg, July 2d and 3d, losing 
-our brave Colonel Harrison H. Jeflerds, who was mortally wounded and bayoneted on the 
2d, and died of his wounds on the 3d. I assumed command on the 2d. The enemy havuig 
retreated, the army of the Potomac was soon in pursuit. The casualties of the command 
at the battle of Gettysburg were— killed, twenty-eight ; wounded, eiglity ; missing and 
taken prisoners, eighty ; total, 188. The Army of the Potonuic formed linrsof battle near 
WilUamsport, Viiginia, July 12th, and on ihe 13lh the enemy crossed the Potomac, under 



330 MICHIGAN IN THE WAH. 

I the cover of the night. The 5th corps was ordered to Berhn, Maryland, and remained: 
there a few days to clothe the troups, and on the 17th crossed the Potomac at BerUn, and 
marched to WarrenLon via Manassas Gap. Arrived at Warrenton July 27th, remained 
here for four days, arrived at Beverly Ford, Vii-ginia, on the Rappahannock, August 2d, 
1863, remaining here until September 16th, when we marched to Culpepper, arriving there 
on the 18th, and remained there until October 9th, 1863, when the army moved to the 
rear and crossed the Rappahannock and camped near Beverly Ford, Virginia ; next day 
recrossed the Rappahannock, and drove the enemy back to Brandy Station. The 4th was 
flankers of the 5th corps. No casualties occurred. At 1 A. M. on the 12th again crossed 
the Rappahannock, continuing our march northward via Bealton, Warrenton Junction, 
Bull Run, and Centreville, then Fairfax, where we remained a few days, and on the 18th 
we advanced from Centreville to Three Mile Station, near Warrenton Junction, Vii-ginia, 
where we are stationed November 1st, 1863. 

"The regiment has participated in all the movements of the Army of the Potomac, and 
the foregoing is a very brief history of its movements during the year. 

"I have not mentioned the many reconnoissances, and the number of times the regi- 
ment has been on small skirmishes with the enemy. 

" The regiment has marched during the year over 700 miles." 

The 4th, in command of Colonel Lombard, who had been commissioned as 
Colonel to runk ironi July 3d, then in the 2d brigade, 1st division, Gritiin's, 
of the 5th army corps, advanced, on the 7th of November, 1863, with the 
Army of the Potomac, from its camp near Three Mile Station, on the 0. & 
A. K. H., to the Kappahanuock river, and on the same day participated in the 
engagement at Rappahannock Station. On tlie 9th the regiment, with ita 
brigade, was ordered to keep open the communications of the army from Beal- 
ton to Kelly's Ford, and was engaged in that duty until the 19th, when the 
command rejoined its corps near Kelly's Ford. Breaking camp on the 26th, 
the command moved toward the Kapidan river, wiiich it crossed at Germania 
Ford. On the 28th the rt'.;iment moved to the right of the position at Mine 
Kun, but did not become engaged, and on the night of the 30th it fell back 
across the Kapidan. The 5th corps being ordered on guard duty along the 
Orange and Alexandria railroad, the regiment arrived at Bealton on the 1st of 
December, where it remained until the 3Uth of April, 1864, when it brolie 
camp and marched to Kappahannock Station. On the 1st of May the regi- 
ment crossed the Kappahannock river, and camped near Brandy Station, and 
thence on the 3d marched to Culpepper. On the morning of the 4th it started 
from Culpepper to participate in the summer campaign, crossing the Kapidan 
at Gernianiu Ford. On tiie oth, 6th, and Yth, the regiment participated m the 
battles of the Wilderness, j 

Greeley says : 

"At noon General Griffin, whose advance had been driven in, was ordered to push 
forward the 1st division of tlie 5th corps to the right and left of the turnpike and feel the 
enemy. An advance of less than a mile, stretchuig across the turnpike, brought them in 
contact with the enemy, under Lieutenant General Eweil, posted on a wooded decUvity. 
A sharp engagement ensued lor an hour, when the pressure of the enemy could no longer 
be resisted. Getieial Grilliu's division was driven back, leaving two pieces of artillery in 
the hands of the enemy. 

In this engagement Colonel Lombard fell while gallantly leading his regi- 
ment. His death is mentioned in tlie regimental report as follows: 

"On tlio 5th Col. Geo. W. Lombard was mortally wounded, and died on the 6th. He 
had command of the regiment since July 2d, 1863 ; "was highly respected and loved by his 
commund, and his noble conduct on every battlefield will never be lorgotitu by the sur- 
vivors of the regiment." 

"A flash of the lightning, a break of the wave, 
Man passes from Ufo to his rcbt in the grave." 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 231 

In the same engagement Captain W. H. Loveland was wounded and died of 
his wounds on the 31st of the same mouth. 

'On the night of the 7th the 4th, then commanded by Lieutenant Colonel J. 
W. Hall, moved toward Spottsylvania, arriving at Laurel Hill on the morning 
of the 8th. It here became engaged with the encMny, and again on the 9th. 
On the 10th it assisted in a charge upon and capture of the enemy's rifle pits, 
losing twenty killed and wounded. On the 11th and 12th the regiment was in 
the advanced lines of the corps, and on the loth and 14th was engaged as skir- 
mishers. On the evening of the latter date the command moved to the left of 
the army near Spottsylvauia Court House, and remaining here until the 19tli, 
it then took part in the movement to the North Anna Kiver, which it crosseJ 
on the 24th near Jericho Mills, the regiment participating in the engagement 
at this ])lace. On the night of the 20th it recrossed the North Anna and 
marched to Hanovertown, crossing the Pamunky River on the 28th. On 
the 29th, 30th, and 31st of May and 1st of June, it was engaged as skir- 
mishers, and on the 3d it participated in the capture of the enemy's line of 
works near Bethesda Church. In the engagement Lieutenant Jas. N. Vesey 
was killed. On the 5th the regiment marched to Bottom's Bridge, and on the 
14th crossed the James River at Wilcox's Landing, whence it proceeded to the 
lines in front of Petersburg, where it arrived on tlie 16th. On the next day 
the regiment was engaged as skirmishers, and on the 19th took part in the en- 
gagement of that date, losing eight killed and wounded. 

During the engagements, from November 1, 1863, to June 19, 1864, the 
regiment lost three officers and 37 men killed or died of wounds, with six miss- 
ing in action. Although this loss seems small, yet it was about 15 per cent of 
its whole strength. 

The term of service for which the regiment had been mustered in, expired 
June 19th, 1864. It was accordingly relieved, and on the 20th embarked on 
transports at City Point for Washington. It arrived at Detroit on the 26th, 
and on the 30th of June the companies were mustered out of service. Of those 
on the rolls, the terms of 200 men and 23 officers had expired ; of these, 32 
men and one officer were prisoners in the hands of the rebels; 135 men and 22 
officers were present for muster out. Since the 1st of November, 1863, the 
regiment had received 110 recruits, including a new Company organized at 
Hillsdale, which joined the regiment on the 16th of May, and which remained 
in service with the reorganized regiment. One hundred and twenty-nine men 
of the regiment reenlisted as Veteran V^olunteers. On the 30th of June there 
were 280 men and three officers on the rolls whose terms of service had not 
expired. These were ordered to duty with the First Michigan Infantry when 
the 4th left the field of war. 

The regiment participated in engagements with the enemy at Bull Run, Va., 
July 21, 1861, not actually engaged, but took part in movements connected 
therewith; New Bridge, Va., May 24, 1862; Hanover Court House, Va., 
May 27, 1862; Mechanicsville, Va., June 26, 1862; Gaines's Mills, Va., June 
27, 1862; Savage Station, Va., June 29, 1862; Turkey Bend, Va., June 30, 
1862; White Oak Swamp, Va., June 30, 1862; Malvern Hill, Va., July 1, 
1862; Harrison's Landing, Va., July 2, 1862; Gainesville, Va., August 29, 
1862; Bull Run, 2d, Va., August 30, 1862; Antietam, Md., September 17, 
1862; Shepardstown Ford, Va., September 20, 1862; Snicker's Gajj, Va., 
November 14, 1862; Fredericksburg, Va., December 13, 14, 1862; Morris- 
ville, Va., December 30, 31, 1862; L. S. Ford, Va., January 1, 1863; Chan- 



232 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

cellorsville, Va., May 1, 2, 3, 4. 5, 1863; Kelly's Ford, Va., June 9, 1863; 
Ashbv's Gap, Va., June 21, 1803; Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 3, 4, 1863; Wil- 
lianisport, Md., July 12, 1863; Wapping Heights, Va., July 21, 1863 ; Culpep- 
per, Va., October 13, 1863 ; Brandy Station, Va., October i3, 1863; Bristo 
Station, Va., October 14, 1863; Kuppahannock Station, Va., November 7, 
1863; Cross Roads, Va., November 26, 1863; Mine Run, Va., November 29, 
1863; Wilderness, Va., Mayo, 6,-7, 1864; Laurel Hill, Va., May 8, 1864; 
Po River, Va., May 10, 1864; Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864; Ny River, 
Va., May 21, 1864; North Anna, Va., May 23, 1864; Jericho Mills, Va., May 
24, 1864; Noel's Turn, Va., May 26, 1864; Tolopotomy, Va., May 30, 1864; 
Magnolia Swamp, Va., June 1, 1864; Bethesda Church, Va., Juue 2, 1864; 
Petersburg, Va., June 18, 1864. 

The total membership of the Fourth had been during its service 1325, while 
its losses were 273, of which eight ofiicers and 115 men were killed in action, 
four uflicers and Hf ty meu died of wounds, and one officer and ninety-five men 
of diaeuse. . 

' Their brows bear many a gory stain, 
Theii- white lips press not ours again, 
And eyes that once our life light were, 
Give baclc a cold, appalUng btare." 

Note. — Incident related by Alexander D. Patrick, Company B, 4th Infantry, who 
served a long time as mail carrier to the brigade in which his regiment belonged : 

"On the arrival at Aquia Creek irorn the Peninsula campaign of the 4th Infantry, in company 
with their tlivision (Porter's), we proceeded to and pitched our camp at Kelly's Ford, on the Hap- 
pahaiiuuck river. My position at this time was buglar for General Griffin, and had immediate 
charge ol all mail for the brigade to and from Washington. After arriving at Kelly's If'ord I asked 
and obtained til teen days' furlough for the purpose of taking a rest, having been continuously on 
the roail day and night in my line of duty since the battle of Malvern Hill. The postmaster of the 
&M Pennsylvania was detailed to take my place. He had two large bags of mail matter and some 
imporiaui letters for General Burnside, then commandant at Aquia Creek. He was mounted on a 
line gray horse, and was well armed, having two large Colt's revolvers and a carbine. 1 gave him 
his instructions and away he went, but he never got to the end of his journey, lie, horse, nor mail 
were ever heard from. A few days after this circumstance Chaplain Sage, of my regiment, was 
going to Washington, and volunteered to take the mail to Aquia Creek. When the reverend old 
gentleman look the road, well mounted, we thought at least his sacred cloth would be safe from 
our rapacious loe; but ho had only been gone a few hours when his horse came bounding back 
with onr priest severely wounded, almost riddled with rebel irreligious bullets. Several days 
after this occurrance, my furlough not having yet expired, our general sent lor me and requested 
that 1 should btart ne.\t morning for Aquia Creek. I thought a great deal of the hazardous 
expedition, but only replied: 'AH right, sir; but I would like to have Captain Mirvin's horse' 
(ASBisiaut Adjutant General). The General complied with my request at once, but the Captain 
objected, saying 'he did not want to lose his liorse just yet;' but the General said, sharply: 
'Patrick, you take that horse and get out of this at daylight.' I replied, 'AH right, sir.' Uhat 
night long alter tat-too had sotuuled in the camp the flickering lightof the tallow candles in nearly 
every tent could be seen burning, but a dead silence prevailed, for most all were writing letters 
to their loved ones at home. The mail bag hung on the center-pole of my tent, and the early 
morning saw it nearly lilled. When reveille sounded I had passed our out-posts and trod the 
ground where the enemy roamed at will. 1 proceeded unmolested till I got about half way to the 
cieek. On the top ol a hill to the right of the road, distant about 150 feet, was a fine large South- 
ern manbioii, where I was somewhat acquainted, which acquaintance came about as follows: In 
all Southern houses there were generally plenty ol women and children (but no men); these were 
almost all naked and with no shoes on. My |ilan, which was for self-protection, was to sympathize 
with their unloriunate condition, and especially the children. I always oflered my services to 
get slioes, stockings, calico, etc., having an old chum in the \\ashinpton post office who made up my 
mails. It was an easy matter lor him to send them in my bags, which they were al wavs ready and 
willing to pay lor. In this manner I got the good will ol all the people whom it w'as my lot to 
pass to and tro among, and that friendship stood me in good need many times. Such was the 
irlendshii) ihni e.Msieit between the inmates of this southern plantation and your humble servant. 
The geiitleiiinn's name who owned this mansion was Sol. Taylor. He was then in the rebel army, 
with three ol his sons. He left to guard his proiieriy his wife, an old lady, four daughters, aged 
•Z\, \:i, li, and 7 years, and two sons, aged 10 and vz years. As 1 rode up to the gate I put the reins 
ol my horre iver a post and walked up to the house, meeting at the door Jennie, aged W, who came 
out to meet nie. 1 greeted her wall, 'Hallo, Jennie, good morning." The reply she m.ule was, 
'lluMh,' placing her linger on her lips. I inquired what was the matter,— any"body here? She 
replied, ' Ves, lots oC iheni, and no Iriends of yours, and whom we have no control over; they are 
a lot of new lellows, come over two weeks ago.' We were standing on the front porch, which run 
Hie w hole length ol the house. Jennie says, ' Where are you going?' I said, ' To the Creek, and I 
iiiuHi be going, as ilus is no place lor me, and that 1 was coining Imck that night.' she begged me 
not to come buck, that I would never get through; but I replied, ' I must.' she then instructed 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 233 

me that when coming back to take the roart riinninp: to the rivor, half mile west of the house, then 
take the flrst bridle path to the right, ami she woulil nave a light m the gable window. While she 
was giving me these instructions Miiry, the oldest daughter, opened the front door. As she did 
80, 1 looked in and saw four or live gray-coais, and they at the same time saw my blue coat. Mary 
eays, 'Jennie, what are you keeping Mr. I'atrick here so long for?' and gave me a shove on the 
shoulder, saying, 'Mr. Patrick, fly for your life!' I could hear them running too and fro in the 
house. Mary held the Iront door after shutting it behind her, and bv the time they got back 
through the house 1 was on the back of my horse; but on tlieir going back through the house thev 
got to their horses, and started after me, and kept on lor about two miles, but 1 had too much tne 
start of them. 1 arrived at Aquia Cri-ck and reported to General liuriiside, giving him the Mrst 
information he had received in eight or ten days from Pope's army or the scattered remnants of 
HcUlellan's battalions. 

About 11.30 P. M. I started back from General Burnside's hendqnarters, with two large hags of 
mail and my saddle bags full of headquarters' mail matter. My progress was nece.ssarily very 
Blow, on account of darkness. I got to the roail as directed, goingtowards the river, but had some 
<lifficulty in tinding the briiUe path. Just as I was thinking I ought to be near the house a quiet 
voice said, 'Is iliat you, Aleck?' at the same time a person siepjitd into the path in Iront of my 
horse I said, 'Yes; is that you, K.ly?' 1 he reply was, 'No, 'tis Jennie.' I jumped irom ihe horse 
and asked why she had not the light in the gable window. She replied, that was what brought her 
here; that in conversation with Mary, Annie, and her mother they thought It not best to put up 
the light, as it would be observeil by those w ho should not see it; so the three girls took turns to 
watch tor me, with the above result. Hut it was impossible lor me to go up to the house, as over 
a dozen gray-backs were in and around the house; so I contented myself in the orchard till Jennie 
went to the house to bring me some warm milk and biscuits. Mary, Annie, and Kly came down 
"With her. After eating, resting, and talking half an hour, 1 again look the road, wiih'Klv as guide 
till 1 should gel clear of the woods, lie then lell me, atter directing me which wav to go. liut in 
the dark I soon lost the path and let my horsn go at will, knowing that he would soon find the 
roacl, and so he diil, but a little too quick, as 1 knew by a large oak tree that arew in the miildle of 
the readjust where 1 was, and which was the main road beiween Aqiiia Creek and Kelly's Ford. 
Wy horse hail just got well on the road when a stern voice said, 'Ilalt! who goes there?' Not 
knowing in the dark whether they were Iriends or foes, just as I said a irien<l, a voice said, 'That's 

that Yankee son of a b .' The sound of my pistol rung out on the midnight air, and with the 

action 1 plungeil the spurs in the flanks of my powerful horse. With one bound he knocked over 
and tumbled my challenger to the earth, antl with the crack of a dozen carbines, whot>e balls came 
whizling very uncomfortably near, we went bounding down the road with the si.eed of the wind, 
1 alnmsi lying on the neck of my horse, but we were not alone. The gray devils were but a short 
distance trom our heels, and the bullets from their repeating <'arl)ines showered around mv head 
like hail, ."stretching myself along niy horse, my head on his neck and my heels against his flanks, 
with the mail bags pressing the rowels of my spurs deep into my horse's sides, made him wild, so 
that he bouniled along the road at a rapid jiaii, with my pursuers close behind me. I led them in 
this race lor life seven or eight miles, when we came lo our pickets. I gave the password, and 
four or five of my pursueis tolloweil me ihiough the pickets into our lines and were made prison- 
ers. I got into camp at gray daylight, with nothing more serious than a few bullet-holes through 
my mail bags and a severe flesh wound on the hip of my faithful horse, in a very short space of 
time it was known throughout our camp that Patrick was back from the Creek with the mail, and 
great was the rejoicing, especially of those who received letters." 

30 



FOURTH INFANTRY (REORGANIZED). 



The 4th Infantry was reorganized under orders of July 26fch, 1864, Colonel 
Jairus W. Hall, late lieutenant colonel of the regiment, taking command of 
its camp at Adrian. Eight new companies having been completed, they were 
mustered in as a regiment October 14th, having on the rolls the names of 726 
officers and men, in addition to those of the old organization. On the 22d the 
command left Adrian in command of Colonel Hall, arriving in Nashville, 
Tenn., on the 2oth. and at Decatur, Ala., on the 28th, in time to participate 
in the defense of that town, which had been attacked by the rebel army under 
General Hood. The casualties of the regiment at Decatur were one killed 
and four wounded. 

This regiment was stationed at Whitesboro, Ala., November 1st, 1864, 
and on the 19Lh and 20th v^as engaged with the enemy at New Market, and 
soon after it was sent to Murfreesboro, and during the month of December, 
and until January 15th, 1865, was in the fortifications at that point, engaged 
on picket duty, guarding supply trains, and skirmishing occasionally with the 
enemy. At that date it moved by rail to Huntsville, Ala. ; arriving there on 
the 18th was assigned to the 3d brigade, 3d division, 4th army corps. The 
regiment remained at Huntsville until the 23d of March, when it took up a 
line of march by rail, through E;ist Tennesee, reaching Knoxville on the 25th. 
Next day proceeded to Strawberry Plains, and on the 27th marched to New 
Market, and to Painter's Springs on the 29th, and then to Russelville on the 
day following, and on the morning of the 31st reached Bull's Gap, and was 
there until Ai)ril 4th, when it pasted through Greenville during that day, and 
Kayton on tliu 5th, reaching Joiiesboro on the 7th, and there remained until 
the 20th, when it returned to Nathville on the 27th. Encamping at that 
point until Juno IGth, it went by rail to Johnsonville, where, with its corps, it 
took steam transports and proceeded, via the Tennessee, Ohio and Mississippi 
rivers, to IS'ew Orleans, arriving there on the 24th. At that point the detach- 
ment of the old 4th infantry joined the regiment. The regiment encamped 
at New Orleans untilJuly Gih, when it embarked on board steam transports for 
Indianula, Texas, and arrived there on the 10th, and marched for Green 
I^ake, reaching there on the following day after a very fatiguing marcli, the 
men having sull'eied much from the effects of heat and scarcity of water, 
some hiiviiig liied fiom sun-stroke, and others being severely injured. It 
reniiiined in camp at that place for two months, and during that time the 
comniaiid lust many men by disease occasioned by the extremely hot weather 
ami bud water, and a great number were in ill-health. On the 11th of Sep- 
tember It commenced its march for San Antonia, distant one hundred and 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 235 

seventy miles, and after a hard march of fourteen days reached the Salada 
Creek, about eight miles from San Antonio, on the 24th; there it encam[)ed 
for two months and was tlien ordered into the city on provost duty. The 
regiment remained in Texas doing duty at various point, until May 26th, 
1806, when it was mustered out of service at Houston, and proceeded to 
Galveston, and thence by steamer via New Orleans to Cairo, wliere it took rail 
for Michigan, arriving on the 10th of June at Detroit, where it was paid off 
and disbanded. 

This regiment participated in engagements at Decatur, Ala., October 28, 
29, 30, 1864; New Market, Ala., November 19, 20, 1864; Murireesboro, 
Tenn., November, 30 to December 20, 1864. 

The enrollment of the regiment was 1,300, and its losses 148, being one man 
killed in action, six died of wounds, and 141 of disease. This is a very large 
loss in view of the shortness of the term of service; but the service of the 
regiment in Texas subjected it to long and severe marches in a hot clmiate, 
while its encampment at Green Lake was a most unhealthy point, causing 
much of the loss. 



FIFTH REGIMENT INFANTRY. 



"Up to battle! Up to battle! 
Ail we love is saved or lost." 

The 5th was organized at Fort Wayne, composed of the companies named 
below, recruited mainly at the points designated : 

Sherlock Guard, Detroit. Mt. Clemens Kifle Guard, Mt. Clemens. East Saginaw 
Volunteers, East Saginaw. Ingersoll Rifles, Owosso. Governor's Guard, Detroit. Sagi- 
naw City Light Infantry, Saginaw City. Livingston Volunteers, Brighton. Washington 
Guard, St. Clair. Pontiac Volunteers, Poutiac. Huron Eangers, Port Huron. 

It was mustered into service with about 900 officers and men on August 28th, 
18G1. 

At the time of muster the companies were designated by letter: Sherlock 
Guard, A. Mt. Clemens Guard, B. East Saginaw Volunteers, C. Ingersoll 
RifleS; H. Governor's Guard, F. Saginaw City Light Infantry, K. Liv- 
ingston Volunteers, I. Washington Guard, G. Pontiac Volunteers, D. 
Huron Rangers, E. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Colonel, Henry D. Terry, Detroit. Lieutenant Colonel, Samuel E. Beach, Ponliac. 
Major, John D. Fairbanks, Detroit. Surgeon, Moses Gunn, Detroit. Assistant Surgeon, 
Eobert A. Everett, Ann Arbor. Adjutant, William N. Ladue, Detroit, Quartermaster, 
Hudson B. Blackman, Howell. Chaplain, D. C. Jacokes, Pontiac. 

A. Captain, Edwin T. Sherlock, Detroit. First Lieutenant, John Pulford, Detroit. 
Second Lieutenant, John W. O'Callahan, Detroit. 

B. Captain, Judson S. Furrar, Mt. Clemens. First Lieutenant, Edgar H. Shook, Mt. 
Clemens. Second Lieutenant, Henry C. Edgerly, Mt. Clemens. 

C. Captain, Henry W. Trowbridge, Saginaw. First Lieutenant, William 0. Donnell, 
Saginaw. Second Lieutenant, Charles H. Hutchins, Detroit. 

D. Captain, Joseph A. Eagle, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Salmon S. Mathews, Pontiac. 
Second Lieutenant, Sylvester D. Cowles, Pontiac. 

E. Cajjtain, Charles S. Traverse, Port Huron. First Lieutenant, Augustus Zanier, 
Port Huron. Second Lieutenant, Henry F. Decker, Port Huron. 

F. Captain, Heber Le Favour, Letroit. First Lieutenant, William N. Ladue, Detroit. 
Second Lieutenant, William T. Johnson, Detroit. 

G. Captain, Gt^orgo W. Wilson, St. Clair. First Lieutenant, Willis B. Pomeroy, St. 
Clair. Second Lieutenant, Frederick S. Steele, St. Clair. 

H. Ca|)tiiin, Louis B. Quackenbusli, Owosso. First Lieutenant, William Wakenshaw, 
Ovvusso. Second Lieutenant, WiUiiim K. Tillotson, Owosso. 

L Captain, John Giiluly, Brigliton. First Lieutenant, Hudson B. Blackman, Howell. 
Second Lleiitonunt, Charles H. Deiiison, Brighton. 

K. Captain, Henry Miller, Saginaw. First Lieutenant, Alexander Alberti, East Sagi- 
naw. Second Lieutenant, Hugo Wesener, Saginaw. 

Governor Jihiir says: 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 237 

" While one of the Michigan regiments was being raised— I think It was the 5th— It was 
understood that Captain Meade, U. S. Engineer Corps, and then on duty at Detroit 
(afterwards major general), was to be its colonel. I had promised this to his friend, 
Capiahi Potter, with whom most of the consultation was had. I think General Meade 
understood this perfectly, and would have been commissioned but for his being appointed 
a brigadier by the President." 

Previous to the leaving of the 5th for the front, there was given to it at Fort 
Wayne, by Messrs F. Buhl, Newlaud & Co. of Detroit, a National color of fine 
silk and superb manufacture. Hon. Henry T. Backus addressed the regiment^ 
who was replied to by Colonel H. D. Terry. This flag was carried through 
the battles of the regiment. Under it some eight or ten color-bearers and 
guards were killed while defending it. On the return of the regiment to the 
State it was placed in possession of the ''Regimental Association.'* 

The regiment left Detroit for Virginiaon the 11th of September, 1881, in com- 
mand of Colonel H. D. Terry. It lay in camp near Alexandria during the 
winter, having a skirmish with the enemy at Pohick Church, January 9th, 
1863, and went with General McClellan to the Peninsula in March, serving in 
Berry's brigade, of Kearny's division, 3d corps. It was at the siege of 
York town, and was hotly engaged in the battle of Williamsburg, May 5th, its 
casualties in a force of 500 being 34 killed and 119 wounded. Lieutenant 
James A. Gunning among the killed, and among the wounded. Lieutenant 
Colonel S. E. Beach. 

While the army was advancing on Williamsburg General Kearny said to 
Colonel Terry, commanding the 5th: 

"Colonel, I have work for you to do. There is a work of the enemy I ex- 
pect your regiment to carry this afternoon." 

''We will try, sir," was the reply. 

" Vou are the senior Colonel of the brigade, sir." 

"Yes, sir." 

"Very well ; yours is the leading regiment, and will be the first in the work^ 
Ijet the men unsling their knapsacks and pile them here. Let them rest a 
moment, and then push on the column." 

General Terry says : 

"After waiting a few minutes, we pushed on at double-quick. We soon began to meet 
the wounded being carried down the road from the battlefield, from which the sound of 
artillery and musketry came nearer and nearer distinctly. We were soon met by the 
chief of General Heintzelman's staff, who said: 'The General says you must hurry on; 
you may be too late.' The order double-quick was at once given, and on the regiment 
pressed until the work was taken." 

Colonel Terry, in a report also says of his regiment at Williamsburg: 

"* * The 5th moved forward in line of battle until the enemy were in full view, 
when a brisk Are was opened upon them by our men, who flred very steadily. Perceiving 
that our men were suffering from the fire of their rifles, a charge was made which suc- 
ceeded in the retirement of the enemy for a short distance, when a sharp fire was inter- 
changed, and he again retired under a charge to a rlQe-pit in the edge of the woods, where 
he made a determined stand, and opened a brisk fire with severe effect. Another charge 
was ordered, and our men marched up on double-quick and leaped into the rifle-pits, 
earned the position and retained it. The enemy fled in confusion, leaving sixty-three 
dead on the field, besides the wounded. ♦ ♦ * j jjjjj pajngfj jq be compelled to 
state that Lieutenant James A. Gunning, commanding Company C, was shot through the 
heai-t and instantly killed Just at the moment of victory." • • • 

Extract from correspondence of the New York Tribune in relation to the 
battle of Williamsburg : 



238 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 

" In the rifle-pits in front of the 5th Michigan, sixty-three dead rebels were found, every 
one of them killed by the bayonet." 

Tlie following letter of General Berry, on Michigan troops and Michigan, 
was written following Williamsburg to a friend in Washington : 

To all my sick and wounded in hospital you chance to visit give my warmest regards 
for their welfare. May they speedily recover. So gallant a set of men should not suffer 
for want of anything. I trust they wiU be amply provided for, as you intimate they are. 
A nobler set of men never hved. Any man can win fights with such material. I have 
received ten times more credit than I am entitled to for the part performed by my poor 
self in the late bloody battle. Such troops as I lead are bound to conquer, no matter 
who leads them. 

Please give my compliments to all those Michigan men in Washington who take such 
interest in this brigade. Say to them that they are fortunate to hail from such a State 
tliat has such gallant sons. God bless the State and people of Michigan for the part it 
and they have taken to crush out this most unholy of all rebeUions. 
Truly, your sincere friend, 

H. G. BEERY, 
Brigadier General in Command of Brigade. 

The brigade referred to was composed of the 2d, 3d, and 5th Michigan 
Infantry and 37th New York Infantry, and this letter was written immediately 
following the last battle on the Peninsula. 

The following letter is from General Phillip Kearny: 

Headquarters Third Division, ) 

Heintzelman's Corps, May 10th, 1862. ] 

His Excellency, Austin Blair, Governor of Michigan: 

Sir: — It gives me gi'eat pleasure to address you in order to bring to your immediate 
notice the noble and brave manner with which the troops of your State in my division 
conducted themselves in the engagement before WiUiamsburg on the 5th instant. The 
2d, under Colonel Poe, and the 5th, under Colonel Terry, behaved in the most handsome 
manner. I have the honor to transmit herewith the reports of the colonels of these regi- 
ments, together with that of their general. General Berry, commanding brigade, and also 
a copy of one sent in by myself to headquarters. I also send you a copy of the kiUed 
and wounded. Colonel Poe served moi-e immediately under my own command, and the 
gallantry and soldierly qualities he displayed rendered him particularly conspicuous. 
Colonel Terry's regiment (5th) took a rille-pit of much strength after a severe contest, 
and held posbossion until the close of the action. 

Very respectfully, 

PHILIP KEARNY. 

Camp, Nineteen Miles from Williamsburg, / 

May 11th, 1862. ) 
Hon. E. M. Stanton, Secretary of War : 

Without waiting further for ollicial reports which have not yet reached me, I wish to 
boar testimony to tlio splendid conduct of Hooker's and Keai'ny's divisions under General 
Heintzelman, in the battle of Williamsburg. Their bearing was wortliy of veterans. 
Hooker's division for liours gallantly withstood the attack of greatly superior numbers, 
with lieavy loss. Kearny's arrived in time to restore the fortune of the day, and came 
most gallantly into action. I shall probably have occasion to call attention to other com- 
niatidH, and do nut wish to do injury to them by mentioning tliem now. Had I the full 
infonnutloM I now liavo in regard to the troops above named wlien I first telegraphed, 
they WDuld liavo been specially mentioned and commended. I spoke only of what I knew 
at tho time, and I shall rejoice to do full justice to all engaged. 

GEO. B. McCLELLAN, 

Major General. 

At Fair Oaks, May 31st, where it went into action with a force of about 
300, it lost 30 kilk'il, 111) wounded, and 5 missing, including Captain L. B. 
Qimckt'iil-Mish and liiuuU'iiant Charles 11. iliitchins, killed, and Captain Charles 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 239 

S.Traverse, mortally wounded, who died at "Wasliington on July 22d follow- 
ing. It was again engaged on the Chickahoniiny, June 25th, in command of 
Major John D. Fairbanks, at Peach Orchard on the 29th, and at Charles City 
Cross Roads on the oOth. In the latter battle it was heavily engaged, losing 
5 killed, 28 wounded, and 18 missing. Among the killed was Lieutenant 
W. T. Johnson, and among the wounded was Major Fairbanks, who died of 
his wounds at Washington on July 25th following. It had part also iu the 
action at Malvern Hill, July 1st. 

From a report of Captain J. S. Farrar, commanding regiment, dated on 
July 4Lh at Harrison's Landing: 

"I have the honor to report for the consideration of the general commanding the 
brigade, the part which this regiment sustained in the movemeut commencing on Sunday 
morning, June 29th, up to its amval at this point. 

"The line of march was taken up at 7 o'clock Sunday morning. The men, with four 
days' rations in their haversacks, and 150 rounds of ammunition, marched out. Major John 
D. Fairbanks in command. Colonel Terry and Lieutenant Colonel Beach were both 
absent, the former on account of ill-health, the latter from wounds received at Williams- 
burg. The first halt was made near the rifle pits occupied by us previous to the battle of 
Fair Oaks. At about 2 P. M. the regiment resumed its line of march, crossed White Oak 
swamp, rested for a few moments, and pushed on to the Charles City Eoad, down which 
it proceeded until it came up with General Sykes's brigade, when it halted and encamped 
for the night. 

"Early mixt morning tents were struck and the regiment, mustoring 216 men, marched 
up the road a short distance, and were posted on the left of the woods as a reserve. 
About 1 o'clock P. M., heavj' and rapid artillery firing was heard in the direction of the 
fords. The men feU in quickly, and were then marched through the woods and placed in 
position by Captain Wilson, near a large open field occupied by the rest of the brigade. 
The artilleiy fire kept increasing and musketry mingled with it. The action soon became 
general, and the regiment again changed position, and was held as a reserve on the left 
of the Charles City road, and moving a short distance up the road, was deployed across 
it, and into the woods, to stop fugitives from the field. 

"During all this time the regiment was held in reserve, but was now moved back to- 
wards the scene of action, and forming in line, crossed the road, entered the forest, aiid 
pressing forward in perfect order, soon drove the enemy from his position, and took pos- 
session of a rude breastwork of logs and rails, from which they kept up a steady and well 
sustained fire, which quickly compelled the enemy to fall back. It was about 5 o'clock P. 
M. on Monday, the 30th, that the regiment entered the field. The darkness and smoke 
combined rendered it extremely dilHcult to distinguish objects at even a short distance. 
The regiment remained under fire tUl relieved and ordered out. 

"Major Fairbanks was severely wounded and taken off the field, when I assumed com- 
mand, the senior Captain, E. T. Sherlock, being absent on account of a wound received at 
Williamsburg. , Collecting the remnants of the regiment (in which I was zealously assisted 
by Adjutant O'Callaghan), I gave them a few hours' rest. At an early hour in the morning 
of the 1st of July we started on towards the James river, where we arrived at about 
6.30. At 10 o'clock the regiment, together with the division, moved back upon a hill, 
where the brigade was assigned to the support of a battery. For two or three hours the 
regiment lay under a hot fire of shot and sliell from the enemy's guns, sustaining a slight 
loss iu wounded, amongst the number Captain PuU'ord of Co. C, a brav(> and most ef1ic:ieut 
officer, who was mortally wounded by a round shot. At dark the regiment was sent on 
picket, and remained out till three o'clock, when it was ordered in, imd made a rapid march 
on the road towards City Point, and encamped a portion of the day and all nigiit amid 
mud and rain, and on Thursday morumg, July 3d, marched across the ChickahomLuy creek 
to our present position. 

"I cannot forbear mentioning the cheerfulness with which the men bore themselves, 
making as they did, long and rapid marches beneath a buniing sun, at times drenched by 
the rain, and the steadiness and deternunation with which they came into action, driving 
the enemy from his position in fine style. 

■' The ollicers of the regiment behaved with their accustomed coolness and courage, and 
I deem it but just to mention the names of Captains Gilluiy and Matlu.'ws, — the latter was 
wounded while leading his company, — Lieutenant Shook, Ladue, Edgerly, Pomeroy, and 
Johnson, —the latUir killed in the heat of action, — who were everywhere cheering on the 
men ; also. Adjutant John W. O'Callaghan, for his bravery in action, and the timely and 
valuable aid rendered me in bringing the regiment off the field. The regiment went Into 
action 216 strong and came out with 145 men, showing a loss of 71 killed, wounded, and 



ii40 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

missing. Since the action of the 30th many have come in who were set down as killed^ 
wounded, taken prisoner, or missing, maldng the loss much lighter than was at first re- 
ported." 

From a correspondent of the N. Y. Herald, writing of Fair Oaks : " 

"After Couch's division had fallen back on Saturday, Berry's brigade was brought for- 
ward, consisting of the 2d, 3d, and 5th Michigan, and 37th New York Volunteers. The 
3d was thrown into the line in advance, and about half an hour before the others arrived. 
General Kearny directed them to attack the enemy on the left side of Bottom's Bridge 
Road. Concealed among the fallen timber, the rebels opened fire on the right wing of 
my regiment at a distance of ten rods. The line was rapidly formed on double-quick 
while advancing towards the enemy's position. The center and left wing extended into a 
thick growth of pines. By the time the left wing had formed the regiment was within 
thirty feet of the slashes. The enemy immediately opened a terrible fire on the center 
and left. This fire was most murderous, and here occurred our principal loss. The men 
received the fire without wavering, and before the enemy had time to reload the right 
charged upon them with the bayonet, resei-ving theu' fire until the concealed foe were 
started from their cover, and as soon as they were in sight delivered a destructive and 
effective fire. The enemy broke and ran like sheep from the slaughter, leaving the 
slashes filled with their dead and wounded. The right continued to load and fire. The 
rebels made several attempts to re-form their scattered ranks, but on the delivery of our 
volleys they uniformly broke and ran. Driven out of the slashes, they were drawn back 
still farther, and held in their new position till the balance of their brigade came up. And 
although reinforced, they still continued their retreat until the ground lost by General 
Couch on that side of the road had been recovered. 

"While this was transpiring, the enemy was gaining ground on the right side of the 
road, and the brigade was in danger of being flanked. On seeing this. General Berry 
withdrew his brigade to the slashes, which he held until he was reUeved, about dai'k." 

The 6th, at Charles City Cross Roads and Malvern Hill, was in Kearny's 
division of Heintzelman's corps, which is noticed in the Annual Cyclopedia 
for 1863, as follows : 

"* * * Late on the same day (June 30th) a battle was fought between the forces 
under General Heintzelman and the main force of the enemy, which attempted to advance 
by the Charles City Road and cut off the retreat. This force was led by Generals Long- 
street, A. P. Hill, and Huger. * * * As the masses advanced upon the Federal bat- 
teries of heavy guns they were received with such destructive fire of artillery and 
musketry as to throw them into disorder. General Lee sent aU his disposable troops to 
the rescue, but the Federal fire was so terrible as to disconcert the coolest veterans. 
Whole ranks of the Confederate troops were hurled to the ground. * * * The confiict 
thus continued within a narrow space for hours, and not a foot of ground was won by the 
Confederates. Night was close at hand. The Federal fines were strengthened, and the 
confidence of the Confederate General began to falter. The losses of his exhausted and 
worn out troops in attempting to storm the batteries were terrible. Orders were sent to 
General Jackson to cover the retreat in case the army should have to lull back, and direc- 
tions were sent to Richmond to get all the public property ready lor removal. The 
Federal forces perceiving the confusion, began step by step to press forward. •■ * * » 



Headqijarteks 3d Div., 3d Coeps, | 
iRAii Orders, | Camp near Harrison's Landing, July 7th, 1SG2. \ 

No. 27. ) 



I. Brave comrades, as one of your generals who has shared in your perils and sympa- 
thize In your cheers for victory when I pass. The name of this division is marked j 
Southern records are full of you. In attack you have driven them; when assaUed you 
have rei»ulst!d tliem. Be it so to the end. Now, regiments, we give you a name, — engraft 
on it fretsh laurels. ' 

II. Comrades In batllo, let our gieeting be with a cry of defiance to the foe. After the 
fight, one greciing of victory for ourselves. Tliis done, remember that like yourselves I 
have my duties of labor in which I must move unobserved, as a true brother' in hand and 
heart of this our Warrior Division family. 

III. Success attttiid you. 

By command of Brigadier General Kearny, commanding division. 

^«. , , ,. ,.. ,.. ALEX. MOORE, A. A. A. O. 

Ofllcial: G. W. Wilson, A. A. A. G. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR, 241 

Returning with the army from the Peninsula, the 5th, still serving in the 
3d brigade, 1st division, 3d corps, entered upon the Pope campaign, and was 
engaged as skirmishers at Bull Run 2d, Groveton, and Chantilly. 

Marching from Leesburg, Va., on the 1st of November, 1862, via Warren- 
ton, at which place it rested from the 8th to the loth, this regiment encamped 
near Falmouth on the Sith. On the 13th of December, at the l)attle of Fred- 
ericksburg, the regiment lost 10 killed and 73 wounded, among the former 
being its commanding otHcer Lieutenant Colonel John Gilluly. 

Following is from an official report of the services of the regiment: 

"* * * On the 13th December we crossed the Kappahannock and became 
almost immediately engaged with an overwhelming force that had charged the 6th Rhode 
Island battery, which we were supporting. This was decidedly the most severe action 
in which the regiment had ever participated, considering its short duration. We suc- 
ceeded in repulsing the attack with severe -loss to the enemy, as well as to ourselves. 
Our brave and gallant commander, Lieutenant Colonel John Gilluly, fell while leading the 
regiment to a charge. " * * * 

" 'Tis the wink of an eye, 'tis the draught of a breath, 
From the blossom of health to the paleness of death." 

Colonel Gilluly, under an impression that his courage had been misrepre- 
sented to the brigade commander, and having a manly and most sensitive 
nature, went into this action with a determination to refute any such repre- 
sentation by a display of bravery most convincing; consequently he led his 
regiment mounted. Knowing it was a most hazardous undertaking, he called 
the recollection of Lieutenant H. B. Blackman, of Howell, then quartermaster 
of the regiment, to a mutual agreement made by them on entering the service 
that should either fall, every effort should be made by the other to recover the 
body and see that it was properly buried in Michigan. As has been already 
stated, the Colonel fell. 

"'Tis eve; one brightly beaming star 
Shines from the eastern heaven afar, 
To light the footsteps of the brave. 
Slow marching to a comrade's grave." 

The Union army had fallen back, but Blackman, in the darkness of night, 
witn an ambulance and a few men returned at much risk to the field, found 
his colonel's grave, unearthed the body and returned with it to the regiment. 
Oa getting leave of absence he started for Michigan via Washington. 
Reaching there, he met Senator Chandler, who, on ascertaining his mission, 
inquired as to his means at the time, and on learning that they were very scant, 
gave him his check for three hundred and fifty dollars for this and other 
purposes. 

On the loth December it recrossed the Rappahannock in command of Lieu- 
tenant Colonel Sherlock and encamped near Falmouth. On the 20th of Janu- 
ary, 1863, the regiment took part in the movement of that date, marching to 
Bank's Ford, but withoutcrossing the river returned to its old camp and went into 
winter quarters. On the 2d of May it was engaged at the battle of the Cedars, 
having crossed the Rappahannock on the 1st, and on the 3d took part in the 
battle of Chancellorsville. Tiie regiment lost in these engagements seven 
killed, 43 wounded, and 31 missing. Again the regiment lost its command- 
ing officer, Lieutenant Colonel Sherlock being among the killed at Chancel- 
lorsville, while Major Pulford and Lieutenants Colton and Hanlon were among 
the wounded. 

31 



242 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

In a report of the regiment is the following : 

"On Apiil 28th commenced the movement on the enemy's position at Chancellorsville. 
On the 30th the regiment marched twenty miles from 12 M. to 8 P. M., next day crossed 
the Kappahannock at United States Ford, and marched twelve miles to the front. On 
the 2d advanced on the enemy and fought the battle of the Cedars. About 7 P. M., the 
army being flanked by Stonewall Jackson, we fell back, and at midnight participated in 
that bold, dashing, and successful bayonet charge on the enemy which stands unparalleled 
in this war. On the 3d we fought the battle of Chancellorsville, in which our gallant 
commander. Lieutenant Colonel E. T. Sherlock, was killed." 

On the 6th the regiment, in command of Colonel Pulford, recrossed the 
Rappahannock and returned to camp near Falmouth, marching on the 6th, in 
twelve hours, 28 miles. On the 11th of June the regiment started on its 
march northward with the army, arriving at Gettysburg July 2d, when it 
became heavily engaged. Many of the movements preceding the battle at 
Gettysburg were accomplished only by rapid and laborious marches during 
excessively warm weather. On the 11th of June the regiment marched 
eighteen miles in seven hours, on the 12th eighteen miles in six hours, on 
the 25th twenty-eight miles in eleven hours, and on the 2d of July, ten miles 
in three hours, going into action at Gettysburg the same day at 4 P. M., and 
losing in an hour 105 men. The ammunition having become exhausted the 
men supplied tliemselves with cartridges from the boxes of their dead com- 
rades. Among the killed were Captain Generous and Lieutenant Thelan, while 
the list of wounded included Colonel Pulford, Major Mathews, and Lieuten- 
ants Colville, Pierce, Kouse, Braden, Hurlbut, and Stevens. 

In the American Encyclopedia is found the following notice of the 3d corps, 
in which the fifth was serving at Gettysburg: 

" General Sickles having sent out a regiment (5th infantry, while the 3d Michigan was 
also on the same picket line) of sharpshooters about a mile beyond the Emmettsburg 
turnpike, they reported that the enemy were moving in large masses to turn the Union 
left. On this report General Sickles moved up to a ridge in front, which he deemed a 
more commanding position to repel the attack, and formed his line. He had hardly got 
into position when the enemy made their anticipated attack. After resisting it about two 
hours, and the 5th corps failing to come up to his support as promptly as was expected, he 
fell back to his original position upon the crest of the hill, where a most desperate assault 
was made by the troops of General Longstreet. The line was strengthened by General 
Meade, by ordering up the 5th corps and two divisions of the 12th to the position they 
afterwards occupied on the left of the 3d. This formidable opposition and the precipitate 
and rugged character of the slope eiTectually repulsed all the efforts of General Long- 
street, with great loss, however, on both sides. " 

Report of General De Trobriand, commanding brigade: 

Headqxjarteks 3d Brigade, 1st. Div., 3d Army Corps, ) 
In the Field, July 27, 186S. ) 

Capt. FHtzhugh Birney, Asat. Adjutant General, 1st Division: 

Captain,- I have the honor of submitting the following report of the part acted by the 
3d biigade, Ist division, 3d army corps, under my command at the battle of Gettysburg, 
on tlu) 2<1 and 3d instant. • * * ♦ 

The batllo was then raging on my left and right, to the rear, on both sides, in conse- 
quence of my advanced position, as already explained, and soon the two attacks came 
c<)iiv<'rging on the angle of which I formed the summit, with the 5th Michigan infantry, 
Lieutcniuit Colonel Pulford commanding. * • * * * * Fortunately 
my i)OBition then was a strong one in a wood commanding a narrow ravine, wliich the 
ontMuy attempted in vain to cross undoi- our lire. The unflinching bravery of the 5th Mich- 
Igim, which Bustainod a loss of more than one-half of its numbers without yielding a foot 
of ground, desoi-ves to be especially mentioned here with due commendation. • 



• Keglmenlal coiiiiiiiiinliTS arc ilio only womuled ollicera meutioned by name. 



I 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 243 



Lieutenant Colonel John Pulford, 5th Michigan, was slightly vrounded In the hand and 
severely in the thigh. Eespectfully submitted, 

K. De TROBRIAND, 

Commanding Brigade. 

On the 4th of July the 5th was engaged on picket and other duty. Its 
total loss at Gettysburg was killed or died of wounds, 19; wounded, 90; miss- 
ing, 5. The regiment engaged in the pursuit of the flying enemy to Wil- 
lianisport, and thence moved by way of Berlin to Manassas Gap. It was 
under artillery fire at Wajiping Heights July 23d, but suffered no loss. On 
the 16th of August the regiment left Bealton Station for Alexandria, and on 
the 23d sailed for New York, whence it proceeded to Troy, N. Y., where it 
remained until the 12th of September, being held with other troops in reserve 
against a threatened outbreak for which the draft then in progress was made 
tlie excuse. It then repaired to its cor})s in the army of the Potomac. It 
participated in the backward movement to Fairfax Station in October, having 
on the 13th a slight skirmish at Auburn Heights. 

The 5th was encamped, on the 1st of November, 18G3, near Bealton Station, 
on the Orange and Alexandria Railroad, On the 7th it crossed the Rappa- 
hannock at Kelly's Ford, and bivouacked near Brandy Station on the 12th, 
occupying winter quarters which the rebel forces had abandoned. Partici- 
pating in the movement of the army to Mine Run, the regiment crossed the 
Rapidan on the 26th, and on the 27th was actively engaged at Locust; Grove, 
losing a number in killed and wounded, Lieutenant Daniel B. Wyker among 
the killed. On the 2yth the regiment arrived in front of the enemy's position 
at Mine Run, and on the 30th supported a battery. Falling back with the 
army, the regiment reached its former camp near Brandy Station on the same 
day. It remained in winter quarters until the 28lh of December, when it left 
for Michigan, one hundred and seventy-seven, the requisite number having re- 
enlisted to entitle it to the designation of a veteran regiment. It arrived at 
Detroit on the 4th of January, 1864, where it was furlouglied, and again left 
its rendezvous at Detroit on the 10th of February for the front, having during 
the period of its furlough increased its strength by the addition of a number 
of new recruits. It arrived at Brandy Station, Va., on the 14th. 

Oil the 3d of May, 1864, the regiment, in command of Colonel Pulford, and 
tlien in the 2d brigade, 3d division, 2d corps (Hancock's), entered upon the 
great campaign of the year. It crossed the Rapidan at an early hour on the 
4th, and at 4 P. M. reached the old battlefield at Chancellorsville, having 
accomplisiied a distance of 34 miles in 17 hours, the men each carrying the 
weight of five days' rations and sixty rounds of cartridges. On the 5th the 
enemy were met on the road leading to Orange Court House. The regiment 
participated hi the desperate struggle which ensued, sustaining, in this and 
the following day, a severe loss in killed and wounded, including among the 
wounded Captain Geo. W. Rose (mortally), Colonel Pulford, and Major S. S. 
Mathews, who had assumed command after Pulford was wounded. 

On the 6th, in command respectively of Captains W. W. Wakenshaw and 
E. H. Sliook (both being wounded), it shared in a successful charge on tiie 
enemy's works, when Sergeant Josejjh Ki'ui]), of Company F, captured the 
colors of a Virginia regiment. Among the killed was Captain "Wilberforce 
Hurlbut, while leading Ins com))any in the chaige, buing siiot through the 
head. On the 7th, the enemy liaving retreated, the regiment, in command of 
a lieutenant, followed in pursuit, overtaking them at noon on the b'th, at 



244 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

Todd's Tavern. A portion of the regiment was deployed as skirmishers, and 
the whole command was under a heavy artillery fire during the remainder of 
the day and until noon of the lOch. On the 11th the regiment was again 
engaged, suffering severely from the fire of the enemy's musketry and ajtillery. 
On the 12ili, the 5th (with which the remnant of the 3d Michigan Infantry 
had been temporarily consolidated) participated in the charge made on the 
enemy's works on the right, at Spottsylvania Court House. The command 
captured, in this charge, two stands of rebel colors; one was taken by Wm. 
Ken wick, Company D, the other by Corporal Benj. Morse, of Company E, 
both of 3d Infantry. 

After various forced marches the regiment arrived in front of the enemy's 
position on the North Anna river, on the 23d, and assisted in taking their 
works on the north bank of that stream, capturing a number of prisoners, and 
driving the rebel forces into and across the river. 

From New York Herald : 

"General McLaw's division of Longstreet's corps was posted In strong earthworks 
between Long Creek and the river, and seemed disposed to hold Taylor's bridge at all 
hazards, and poured a storm of shot and shell from their batteries, when General Birney, 
with his division, advanced. Cols. Pierce (3d Mich.), and Eagan, with their brigades, 1st 
and 2d, made an assault on the enemy's works at 6 o'clock P. M., of the 23d instant 
(May). The riflemen of the enemj' poured a deadly fire into their ranks, and they 
charged on the batteries on high ground a little to the left of the bridge, scouring the 
open space in every direction, tearing up the earthworks with their whizzing missiles. 
The redoubt was carried at the point of the bayonet, and a considerable number of rebels 
killed in the entrenchments, and 110 captured. This assault, which was made under the 
immediate direction of General Birney, was considered a very brilliant affair, and General 
Hancock wrote him a very congratulatory letter. The 3d and 5th Michigan and 18th and 
12tli New York, 99th Pennsylvania, and 17th Maine suffered more severely than any other 
regiments in the division. " 

It engaged on May 24th in strengthening the works erected, the command 
holding tiieir position under a heavy fire. During the afternoon the regiment 
crossed the river in the face of a very heavy fire of shot and shell, and again 
compelled the enemy to retire before them, Lieutenant Samuel Pierce being 
among the killed. At an early hour on the 27th it recrossed the North 
Anna, forming part of the force that effectually covered the movements of 
its corps, and at 11 A. M,, niaiched toward the Pamunky river, which it crossed 
at 4 P. M,, of the same day, having marched 15 miles in five hours. On the 
2'Jili, ;j(Jih, and 3l8t, strong breastworks were thrown up, the men working 
(lay ai d niglit, although living on scanty rations and almost worn out with the 
rapid marching and fatigues of the campaign. On the latter date the regi- 
ment took part in a charge upon and capture of a strong line of rebel works. 
It leached the position at, Cold Harbor on the 5th of June, and immediately 
commenced the construction of breastworks. The 3d Michigan infantry was 
at this i)oiiit on the lOth, pern)anently consolidated with the 5th. Leaving 
Cold Harbor on the 12th, and crossing the Chickahominy at Long Bridge, the 
comniaiid reached Charles City Court House on the 13th, and on the 14th 
crossed the James river, arriving in front of Petersburg at 10 P. M. of the 
15ih. On the IGth, again in command of Colonel Pulford, it threw up 
intrenchments during the day, and at evening was heavily engaged with the 
enemy, assisting in taking one of their lines of works. On the 18th the 
icginient again particii)uted in a successful charge on the enemy's lines, hold- 
ing tiieir position on the 19th and 20th under a heavy fire. Crossing the 
.Suffolk railroad on the 21st the regiment moved on the enemy's right and 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 'M5 

engaged as skirmishers. The rebels flanking Its position it was obliged to 
retire with some loss. It however advanced later in the day, and retook its 
position. From the 25th of Juno to the 26th of July the regiment furnished 
very heavy details for picket and fatigue duty, and during part of this time 
lay in the trenches. On the 26th it marched in the direction of Bermuda 
Hundred, crossing the Appomattox the same night, and on the following 
morning the James river, and on that day was engaged at Deep Bottom. It 
advanced under a severe fire and took a position which it held until the 
evening of the 28th, when it recrossed the James and Appomattox, and arrived 
in the rear of the position of the 18th corps at an early hour on the 29th. 
During the day the regiment relieved a portion of the 18th corps in their 
advancec line of rifle pits, which it held for twenty-four hours. It then 
returned to the position which it had held prior to the movement of the 26th, 
and engaged in the performance of picket and fatigue duty. 

Following is a report made in September, 1864, of the services of the 2d 
brigade, 3d division, 2d army corps, which was made up in a majority of the 
veteran troops of the old Kearny division, and in which there were several 
Michigan regiments. Colonel Pulford, 5th Michigan, was in command of the 
brigade at the time the report was prepared, and which covers in detail its 
services during the entire Wilderness campaign, and also between the dates 
therein specified : 

"In obedience to paragraph 5, special order 209, dated headquarters Army of the 
Potomac, August 5th, 1864, I respectfully submit the following report of the part taken 
by this brigade in the several engagements during the recent campaign, from the crossing 
of the Eapidan to the assault on the enemy's works in front of Petersburg, July 3Uth, 
1861: 

" When the brigade left Brandy Station on the eve of May 3d, 1864, it was commanded 
by Brigadier General A. Hays, and consisted of the following named regiments: 

1st U. S. Sharpshooters - 287 men 

93d New York 493 " 

3d Michigan Infantry 361 " 

5th Michigan Infantry 365 " 

4th Maine Infantry 370 " 

17th Maine Infantiy 507 " 

57th Pennsylvania Infantry 377 " 

63d Pennsylvania Infantry 527 ' ' 

105th Pennsylvania Infantry 351 '* 

General staff 3 

Total 3641 men 

"The command crossed the Kapidan at Ely's Ford early on the morning of May 4th, 
having raai'ched all night from Brandy Station, and continued our course over the old and 
memorable battlefield of Chancellorsville. At about 5 P. M. of the same day the com- 
mand was halted on a portion of the battlefield and bivouacked for the night, aifter having 
marched a distance of 34 miles in 17 hours. 

"At 5 A. M. of the 5th the march was continued towards Todd's Tavera, at which we 
arrived about noon of the same day. From here the brigade, together with the rest of 
the division, marched back a short distance, and, turning to the left, continued our course 
towards the plank road leading to Orange Court House, where we formed a junction with 
the Gth corps, and began in good earnest the Battle of the Wilderness. 

" In this engagement of the 5th the 1st U. S. Sharpshooters were first deployed as 
skirmishers in the woods to the left of the road, and were supported by the 3d Michigan. 
After a short time they were withdrawn from this position, and with the exception of the 
Ist U. S. Sharpshooters the brigade entered the action In line of battle at at 5 P. M., 
remaining under a terrific fire of musketry until darkness prevented further operations. 

"During the engagement Brigadier General Alex. Hays, commanding brigade, was shot 



246 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 



through the head by a musket ball and instantly killed, while he was at the very fronS 
cheering his men on to victory. Colonel John S. Crocker, 93d New York, now being the 
senior ofQcer of the brigade, assumed command, and on the morning of May 6th had the 
briijade in line and advancing to meet the enemy at daybreak. Again the 1st U. S. Sharp- 
shooters were deployed as skirmishers in front, and closely followed by the brigade in 
line of battle. 

" We had not gone more than 400 yards before we met the enemy, whom we found in 
large force. One of the most desperate musketry engagements was here fought known 
in the history of this command. But the brigade soon drove them back to other lines, 
following so closely that it nearly became a rout. In this way we followed them for 
nearly 1,400 yards, taking three lines of rifle-pits or breastworks formed of rails and logs. 
But no support came to our assistance at this point, and having advanced to the main 
body of their army we were compelled to fall back and recross the plank road which we 
had crossed while after the enemy, about 400 yards in the woods from the Brock road. 

"At this point fresh troops came to our assistance and the battle became general along 
the whole line. The brigade remained under the terrible shower of musketry frequently 
changing our position and fighting incessantly until noon, at which time our left flank 
became so much exposed and so hardly pressed that we were obliged to fall back to the 
plank road where breastworks had been erected. In the afternoon the brigade occupied 
the 2d line during the enemy's assault upon our position, and rendered timely aid in 
turning the tide of battle by advancing to the first lines of works just as the front Une 
was pressed back by the overpowering numbers of the enemy. On the 7th this brigade 
was chosen from the division to go forward and ascertain the position of the enemy, who 
had seemingly left our front. The 1st U. S. sharpshooters moved forward as skirmishers, 
foUowed by the brigade massed in column by division. We had not gone more than 400 
yards before the skirmishers encountered those of the enemy, pursuing them closely and 
driving them into their earthworks, a distance of 100 yards from the Brock road. 

"After it was ascertained that they were there in force, the brigade was withdrawn and 
joined the division, leaving a skirmish line of sharpshooters near the enemy. In the 
battle of the Wilderness the following are the casualties among commanding officers: 

"■ Brigadier General Alex. Hays, killed. 

"Major C. P. Mattox 1st U. S. S. S., taken prisoner. 

" Colonel John Pulford, 5th Michigan, severely wounded. 

" Colonel Geo. West, 17th Maine, severely wounded. 

" Colonel Peter Sails, 57th Pennsylvania, severely wounded. 

''Lieutenant Colonel John A. Danks, 63d Pennsylvania, severely wounded. 

"Colonel C. A. Craig, 105th Pennsylvania, severely wounded. 

"Lieutenant Colonel Greenwault, 105th Pennsylvania, mortally wounded. 

CASUALTIES IN BEIGADE. 





Killed. 


Wounded. 


MiSSINO. 






Offlcere. 


EnUstcd 
Men. 


Officers. 


Enlisted 
Men. 


Officers. 


Kn listed 
Men. 


Aggre- 
gate. 


General and general staff officers 


1 
3 


"'35' 

24 
38 
14 


1 

7 

2 

13 








2 


Fifth Michigan 

Fifty-sovcnlh Pennsylvania 


160 

111 

200 

36 


2 
""'2 


14 
2 
5 
7 


221 
139 


Ninetv-tliird New York 


4 


260 


First U. S. Sluirpshoolors 


59 


Third Micliigmi* 






Fourth Maine'' 
















Soventcuiitli Maine* 
















Sixty-tliird rciiiisvlvnnia* 
















One hundred and liftli Pennsylvania* 
































Total 


8 


111 


23 


507 


* 


28 


681 





•Oasualtlos Inclinlcl In the following lablo of casualtiea. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. ^47 

In the evening of May 7th the briijade, together -with the rest of the division, received 
orders to march, and the morning of the 8tli fomid us marching by tlie left flank towards 
Spottsylvania. arriving at Todd's Tavern just after noon, when we were placed in position 
and occupied the rest of the aftex'noon in throwing up earthworks to repel an attack of 
the enemy should one be made in such force as to drive the troops from our front, consist- 
ing of a brigade from the 2d division, 2d corps. Au attack being made on them, the 93d 
New York was sent out to their support, but was not engaged. Lieutenant P. C. Judkins, a 
brave and eflQcient staff officer of the brigade, was sent out with the regiment to report 
them to the commanding officer of the troops in front, and while in the performance of 
this duty was killed by a shell from the enemy. 

" On the 9th, at noon, the line of march was again taken up towards the left. "We arrived 
at Po river about 5 P. M. and had a skirmish with the enemy's cavalry, but succeeded in 
crossing the river without much difficulty. The brigade marched from the river about 
three miles and encamped for the remainder of the night with the remainder of the 
division and corps. 

" On the morning of the 10th we found ourselves in close proximity to the rebels, who 
opened several batteries along the line, but did us no damage. The 57th Pennsylvania 
and 4th Maine were sent out on a reconnoissance to the right and front of the position we 
had occupied on the night of the 9th, nearly four miles. They found the enemy in force, 
and were obhged to recross the Po river. During the intervening time the remainder of 
the brigade recrossed the Po river, and although we were exposed to a furious sheUing 
during the day, we were not further engaged. In the afternoon we were temporarily 
detached from our division and ordered to report to General Barlow, commanding 1st 
division, 2d army corps, who was to attack the enemy, but we soon reported back without 
having been engaged. 

"The 11th was occupied in throwing up earthworks by the brigade, while the sharp- 
shooters were engaged in front in their legitimate business. At 10.30 P. jM. the brigade 
was ordered to march, leaving the position that we then held in charge of other troops. 

" Together with the rest of the division and corps, we marched to the extreme left of 
our lines, and were placed in position preparatory to making an an assault on the enemy's 
works. The brigade was placed in two lines, the front line commanded by Colonel B. R. 
Pierce, 3d Michigan, the second line under charge of Colonel J. S. Crocker, commanding 
brigade. 

"Precisely at daybreak the lines moved forward, advancing through a ravine, thence 
up a slope, and through a dense thicket to an open field, at the further end of which were- 
the enemy's earthworks, lined with infantry and artillery. As the troops came in sight, 
after driving in the pickets, the enemy opened with shell, grape, and canister, which the 
command bravely withstood, and charged a distance of nearly 300 yards, exposed at every 
step to this galling fire. In the charge we captured the enemy's works, three hnes, 
together with 13 guns and several stand of colors (colors were captured by 3d Michigan 
and 93d New York), and between 3,000 and 4,000 prisoners. 

" The movement was completely successful on the part of the brigade, and attended 
with the most glorious results. The first and most formidable line taken was held by our 
troops. On the 13th our brigade changed position to the extreme right of the corps, and 
constructed breastworks, but had no engagement. We daily changed position without 
any particular result to the brigade until the night of May 18th, at which time we started 
from the ' Lauder House ' and marched during the night further to the left and rear, 
arriving near headquarters. Army of the Potomac, at daylight of May 19th, and for the first 
time since May 5th well out of range of the enemy's fire. We were not long permitted to 
enjoy this comparative season of rest, for the same afternoon a division of the enemy 
made a demonstration on our extreme right flank, coming into the ammunition train, 
which compelled the brigade to go to the support of General Tyler's division, which 
repulsed them. 

" We remained on the lines that night, and the following morning the brigade advanced 
one and one half miles, taking about 200 of the enemy's pickets and stragglers. On this 
date — May 20th — Colonel J. S. Crocker relinquished command of the brigade in cons«>- 
quence of illness, and Colonel E. Walker, 4th Maine, being senior oflicer present, assumed 
command. 

" On the same evening, by reason of the severe illness of Colonel Walker, the command 
was giv(^n to Colonel B. R. Pierce, 3d Michigan Infantry. Our casualties in front of 
Spottsylvania were as follows: 



248 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 



Fifth Michigan Infantry , — 

Fifty- Seventh Pennsylvania 

Ninety-third New York 

First U. S. Sharpshooters 

Third Michigan Infantry* 

Fourth Maine* 

Seventeenth Maine* 

Sixty-third Pennsylvania*... 

Oneliundred and Fifth Pennsylvania" 



Total 



11 



EnlistprI I 
Men. 



Enlisted 
Men. 



6 
5 

3 

5 
26 
21 
24 
29 
49 



168 



2 
3 
2 
1 

5 
6 
8 
9 
10 



46 



58 

16 

33 

18 

103 

110 

210 

169 

137 



854 



Aggre 
Enlisted! ^^^®- 



9 

4 

4 

1 

24 

13 

24 

30 

9 



118 



75 

2',t 

4:? 

2r, 

ii;-- 

1 ."/. 

2rMS 

2:58 

209 



1,202 



♦Casualties in the Wilderness included. 

" On the night of May 20th began the march from the Anderson House, near Spottsyl- 
vania, to the North Anna. The brigade, togetl '■ with the rest of the division, marched all 
night, and on the 21st continued its course through the village of Bowling Green and 
Milford Station, crossing the Mattapony rivei at the latter point, and halting on the night 
of the 21st in the vicinity of Milford, having marched about 20 miles. 

" At this point we threw up intrenchments and remained until May 23d. We marched 
at 5.30 P. M. of that date in the direction of Chesterfield, on the south side of the North 
Anna. Arriving at the North Anna, we found the enemy strongly intrenched at this 
point, having a redoubt and line of rifle-pits on the north side of the river. At G P. M. 
the brigade was formed in line of battle and ordered to charge simultaneously with the 
1st brigade, which was on our left. The brigade charged as ordered, encountering a 
terrific shower of shot and shell, advancing far ahead of any other troops, and avoiding 
the redoubt by obliquing to the right. The fury of the enemy's fire, although for a 
moment making the hne waver, did not check them. The enemy were forced from their 
works and driven to the river. The left of the brigade— 93d New York, — after driving 
the enemy from the redoubt, took possession of ' Taylor Bridge,' which spans the river 
at this point, and it is believed kept the enemy from burning it. 

" After the brigade had advanced to the river tiie 1st brigade occupied the captured 
works on our left and rear. About 8 P. M. the brigade was relieved by the 4th brigade, 
and we moved further to the left and threw up earthworks. During the night of May 
24th we crossed to the south side of the North Anna and intrenched. Here we remained, 
in the vicinity of the ' Fox House,' with slight change of position, until the night of May 
26th, when orders were received to march. In obeying this order we again found our- 
selves on the north side of the river, and on the 27th made another rapid flank move- 
ment to the left. 

" From the 20th to the 28th of May the brigade sustained the following casualties: 





Killed. 


Wounded. 


Missing. 


Aggre- 
gate. 




Officers. 


Enlisted 
Men. 


Officers. 


Enlisted 
Men. 

8 

3 

25 

1 


Officers. 


Enlisted 
Men. 


Fifth Mi(;higan Infaiitrv 




1 
1 

5 


1 

2 


...v.. 


1 

1 

4 


11 


Fifl v-Ht'vctitli Penn.svlviinia 




5 


Nim-Lv-thii'd New York 




36 


Finst U. S. Sh(iri>sh()()tors 




1 


Third Mic.liigan Iiifiintry 














Fourth Maine .. 














S((vi*nt(!(Mith Maine 
















Si.xtv-tiiird Pcniisvlvanla 












5 
1 


5 


■One Hundred and Fifth Pennsylvania 


.nil- 


2 


1 


1 

38 




5 


Total 


9 


4 




12 


63 







MICHIGAN IN THE "WAR. 



t^49 



"May 28th the brigade, together with the rest of the division, marched eight miles to 
the Pamunliy river and crossed at Huntley's Ferry, encamping for the night about two 
miles south of the river. On the 29th the 1st Mass;u'iiiisotts Heavy Artillery was assigned 
to this biigade, and Colonel Thos. R. Tannatt, of that regiment, being the' senior ofilcer, 
took command of the brigade. In the afternoon of the same day the brigade moved a 
short distance to the front and began intrenching, working until n(>;irly sundown, after 
which the brigade, together with the rest of the division, marched to the Tolopotomy, 
took up a position the same night and intrenched. The 30th was occupied in finishing the 
intienchmeuts already begun, while the sharpshooters were annoying the enemy in our 
front. 

" On the 31st we moved across the Tolopotomy to support the rest of the division. For 
a short time the 3d and 5th Michigan, 4th Maine, and lOSth Pennsylvania became partially 
engaged with the enemy. At 11 P. M. the same night the brigade leceived orders to re- 
cross the Toloi)otomy and take up position on the north bank in some earthworks. We 
arrived in position at daylight, June 1st, connecting on our left with the 4th brigade. 
During the morning the 6th corps on our right moved out, leaving our right flank exposed. 
They had not been gone long when a small party of the enemy were discovered on our 
right, which necessitated our sending out the 1st 1j. S. Sharpshootei's to drive them back 
and of changing front with a portion of the brigade, consisting of the 3d Micliigan, 57th 
Pennsylvania, 4th Maine, and 17th Maine. In the skii'mish that ensued no mateiial dam- 
age was done. At 10 P. M., June 1st, the brigade received orders to march, and imme- 
diately moved out on the Cold Harbor road, en route tor Cold Harbor. 

" Casualties from May 27th to June 1st: 





Kn.i.Ei). 


WOINDED. 


JI I SSI NO. 


Aggre- 
gate. 




OflBcois. 


Enlisted 
Men. 


Officere. 


Eiilislcd 
Men. 


Officers. 


Men. 


Fif 111 Michigan Infantrv 




2 




4 
4 
1 
4 
3 

20 
1 

14 
2 




11 


17 

4 


Seventeenth Maine.. . 




One Hundred and Fifth Pennsylvania.. 




4 








5 


Third Micliigan Infantrv 






52 
1 


5G 
5 

28 
4 

32 


Ninctv-third New Yoik 




1 

4 


"""4" 


First U. S. Shari)sho()ters 




Fiftv-seventh Pennsvlvania 







3 

18 


First Massachusetts Heavy Artillery... 








Fourth Maine 








2 
















Total 




11 


4 


53 




85 


153 







We had marched all the night of June 1st and kept on our course until 11 A. M., June 
2d when we halted until 4 P. M., of the same day, after which the brigade was moved 
about two miles into a piece of woods, massed in column by regiments and halted for the 
night on tlio left of the 3d brigade. 

" During the night orders came that there would be a general attack along the whole 
line at 4.30 A. M. of June 3d, and the 2d brigade, together with tho rest of the division 
would move to the support of the 1st and 2d division of the 2d corps, and occupy the 
works thoy vacatcid in making the change. We did as we were ordered, taking position 
on the right of the 3d brigade. During the afternoon of the same day the brigade, 
together with the rest of the division, wei'e ordered down to our right to the support of 
the 1 8th corps, but did not become engaged. 

" Here we massed in column of regiments and remained during the night and until the 
afternoon of June 4th, when we were ordered back to our old position in support of the 
1st and 2d divisions, 2d corjis. Col. B. R. Pierce, 3d Michigan, was at this date 
orden>d to I'cport to the 2d division, 2d coi'ps, to command a brigade, and left our brigade 
for tills purpose. June 5th, the brigade, together with the rest of the division, changed 
position further to the left, and took position between the 1st and 3d brigades, where we 
remained until Juno 12th. 

" During the temporary halt the term of service of the 3d Michigan expired and on the 
9th they were mustered out while the veterans and recruits were transferred to tiio 5th 
Michigan. On tlie night of June 12th the brigade received marehing orders and 10 o'clock 
of the same night found us marching by the left flank towards the James river. We 

32 



2 60 MICHIGAN IN THE WAH. 

marched all night of June 12th and the 13th crossed the Chickahominy at Long Bridge, 
moving in the direction of Charles City Court House and arriving at Fort Powhattan at 
sunset of the same day, having marched at least 25 miles. 

"At this point we were placed in position and threw up earthworks to protect the 
crossing of troops over the river. On the 14th the brigade crossed and the same evening 
formed in lino of battle on the south bank of the James river, posted pickets, and 
remained in this position until noon of June 15th. The term of service of the 4th Maine 
having expired on the 13th and they not having been mustered out on that date in conse- 
quence of the rapid movements, were on this day mustered out. The veterans and 
recruits were transferred to the 19th Maine, 2d division, 2d army corps. 

" At this juncture the troops were short of rations, but after waiting till nearly noon of 
the 15th and rations not arriving at this hour, we were ordered to march without them. 
We continued to march at a rapid rate all that day in the direction of Petersburg, Va., 
arriving near that town late in the night of the 15th. The troops, after experiencing such 
severe marches as they had had for the past few days without rest, were so exhausted 
that they were glad to bivouac in most any position. On the 16th the sharpshooters were 
sent out in the morning on the skirmish line, and during the day preparations were made 
to make an assault on the enemy's works, which was ordered at 6.30 P. M., of that day. 
At precisely that hour the brigade was advanced in line through a piece of woods towards 
some earthworks that the enemy had erected for their protection. The brigade drove in 
their skirmishers and one hne of battle, but owing to the advantageous position of their 
breastworks, which we charged upon, the assault was for the time relinquished. During 
the assault the brigade sustained a loss of several ofQcers and men, including Colonel 
Thos. K. Tannatt, 1st Massachusetts Heavy Artillery, commanding brigade, who was 
wounded In the head. We secured an advantageous position on the crest of a hill within 
one hundred yards of the enemy, and strengthened it by constructing breastworks. Major 
L. B. Duff, 105th Pennsylvania, now being the senior ofiBcer present, assumed command of 
the brigade. The same evening Major John Williams, A. I. G., 3d division, assumed 
command by order from division headquarters. 

"At 9 o'clock P. M., the brigade was relieved by the 3d brigade, 2d division, 18th army 
corps, after which it marched back and massed for the night in the immediate vicinity of 
the Dunn House. During the night Colonel Kobert McAllister, 11th New Jersey, was 
assigned to the command of the brigade. On the morning of the 17th the brigade took 
the advanced lines on the right of the plank road leading to Petersburg, relieving two 
brigades (2d and 4th) of the 2d division, 2d army corps. At this point the brigade was 
formed in two Unes, the first near a piece of woods near the enemy, the second in the 
rear and behind the crest of the hill. 

" During the day the troops, although under the fire of the enemy's sharpshooters, 
labored hard in strengthening our position. We lay here until the morning of the 18th. 
During the night of the 17th one battalion (4th New York Heavy Artillery) reported 
to us for the purpose of extending our lines to the right by digging rifle pits. The work 
was accomplished and orders were received that an assault would be made on the enemy's 
works at 4.30 A. M. of the 18th. 

"Preparations were made during the night, and at precisely the hour mentioned the 
line moved forward over our works and through a piece of woods with very thick under- 
growth, driving the enemy before us. In the charge the brigade took two lines of the 
enemy's works, and advanced to the plank road near the ' Hare House,' which leads to 
Petersburg. Here the brigade halted and re-formed in order to make another charge 
upon a strong lino in our front about 350 yards distant over an ascending plain. 

" While at this point the brigade was ordered to report to Brigadier General B. E. 
Pierce (formerly colonel 3d Michigan Infantry), commanding a brigade, 2d division, 2d 
corps. At noon the charge was ordered, and the troops climbed the embankment at the 
side of the road and moved forward, but never did they meet with a more severe fire of 
shot and shell than when we undertook to ci-oss the open plain in our front. To keep a 
line in the li«'ld was quite an impossibility, but the right of the brigade moved forward to 
a line of pine trees, while the left advanced about the same distance to the right of Hare 
House. In the afternoon we were reheved by some troops of the 2d division, "the brigade 
again reporting to General Mott for duty. We were then ordered furtlier to the left and 
occupied a line of works that liad been erected. During the night of the 18th a part of 
the brigade worked all night building earthworks hi front of the Hare House. June 19th 
was occupied in sharpshooting, but that night the brigade built a strong line of earth- 
works running from just in front of the Hare House to the right through the open field, 
over which the brigade undertook to advance on the 18th. On the night of the 20th the 
brigade wa.s relieved by some troops of the 9th corps, after which we went to the rear 
and a little further to the left, a distance of about two miles, and bivouacked for the night. 
Juno 2lBt nt 10 A. M., the brigade, togetlier with the rest of the division, marched to the 
left and at 5 P. M. took a position in Iront of wluit is known as the 'Jones House,' a dis- 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 251 

tance of nearly or quite three-quarters of a mile. During the night earthworks were 
erected, but wo left them to advance our position on the morning of the 22d to a point 
beyond a certain road that had been selected the evening previous and again abandoned. 
The written order was received on the morning of the 22d indicating,' where our right 
would rest. Accordingly the brigade was moved forward to the position indicated, each 
regiment in succession. Our right was to connect with the left of General Gibbon's 
troops, but by advancing to that position by dayhght as we had received orders, it threw 
us out in an open field in an elevated position where we were exposed to a murderous fire 
liom the enemy's sharpshooters and artillery. 

" After this had been tried, verbal orders were received that the right of the brigade 
might intrench further to the rear, behind the crest of the elevation, with the understand- 
ing that it should move forward to its proper position after nightfall. The three left regi- 
ments of the brigade were formed at nearly right angles with the rest of the brigade, 
exposing their left Hank to the fire of the enemy, although other troops partially con- 
nected on our right by a skirmish line, and running in another direction. Our leit had 
been thus thrown forward after repeated verbal orders had been received to ' throw our 
left well out.' The 105th Pennsylvania, on our left, to secure this advanced position that 
had been selected, were first obliged to send a small working party and intrench them- 
selves. The brigade, working under many disadvantages, were constantly under the Are 
of the enemy's sharpshooters, and about noon they commenced shelling the right of our 
line at a furious rate. While thus engaged in intrenching, the enemy gained an advantage 
over the troops to the left of our line, and drove them in on our left and rear. At the 
same time our skirmishers became hotly engaged directly in our front, which gave us a 
severe tire in front, on our left flank in rear. This necessitated the withdrawal of the 
left of the brigade, which was done, and its front changed to protect the right of the 
brigade. In the meantime the enemy advanced to our right and turned the left flank of 
the 2d division on our immediate right, which left the brigade in an isolated position, with 
fire from nearly every direction. At this juncture Colonel McAllister, then commanding 
brigade, ordered the withdrawal of the troops to the position in rear, where we had 
intrenched the night before. This was done, although with the loss of several prisoners, 
beside some killed and wounded. 

" The brigade was re-formed and then moved by the left flank up the road to the rear 
t>f a battery that had become engaged with the enemy. In this position we lay until just 
before sunset, when orders were received to form in front of the breastworks and charge 
across a cornfield, a distance of about 300 yards, to the woods beyond, and drive the 
enemy from the position they were holding there. The charge was successfully made, 
with loss of but few men. At 11 P. M. we were relieved and bivouacked for the night. 
After the troops had got into position for the night orders were received that an attack 
would be made at 3 A. M., June 23d, by the 1st brigade and other troops in the front 
lines, and that we would immediately occupy the intrenchments after they had vacated 
them. This was done, and the brigade occupied the intrenchments all day on June 23d. 
Late in the evening of that day we were relieved and went back through the woods and 
bivouacked for the night; changed position on the morning of the 24th, and were ordered 
to build breastworks in the open field near the Jones House, and near the position that 
we occupied. The work was commenced, but soon suspended, the brigade being ordered 
'to be ready to move at a moment's notice.' We remained in this position during the 
night of June 24th, and the next day Colonel Eobert McAllister was reheved from com- 
mand of the brigade, and Brigadier General B. R. Pierce assumed command. 

"June 28th the command was ordered to the left of the 'Jerusalem plank-road,' near 
the position occupied on the 22d inst., to construct earthworks and to occupy them after 
they had been finished. The earthworks were soon constructed and the brigade soon went 
into camp behind them. Here we remained without any noteworthy events occurring 
until the evening of July 11th, at which time, in accordance with instructions from 
superior headquarters, the works in front were leveled. At 3 A. M. of the 12th the com- 
mand moved out by the left fiank, marched a httlo more than a mile, and massed the 
troops near the 'Williams House,' on the Jerusalem plank-road, where wo remained until 
the morning of the 13th, during which time the pioneei's and other troops of the brigade 
worked in leveling eartliworks that were of no further use. On the 13th the command 
was marched about two miles farther to the right, and in rear of the 5th and 9tli corps, 
where camps were established, and the command felt for the first time that they were 
really out from under the fire of the enemy since the campaign commcnceii. 

"At this pouit the brigade remained, large details daily going out on fatigue, until the 
morning of July 23d, when we moved at dayhght about one and one-half miles, occupy- 
ing a small fort and earthworks, remaining until July 26th. At this date orders came for 
the command to move at 4 P. M. Gem-ral Pierce being sick at this time was obliged to 
rehnquish the command and Colonel D. Chaplin, 1st Massachusetts Heavy Artillery, 
assumed command. At 5 P. M. of the 2Gth, the command left our position on the left 



2b'Z 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 



and marched all the night following, crossing the Appomattox near Bermuda Hundreds, 
and crossed the James near Deep Bottom at daybreak on the morning of the 27th. 

" We hardly had a chance to I'est after a march of over 20 miles before we were placed 
in position near the point where the command had been halted to rest, and where skir- 
mishing had already begun between the enemy and a portion of the 2d corps. Th'e enemy 
were driven from their position without the assistance of this command and shortly after- 
wards we were advanced to a position on the extreme right of our corps, connecting on 
the right with the cavalry. 

"From this position we were marched by the left flank and soon afterwards formed a 
new line through a piece of woods, our left connecting with the right of the 1st division, 
while the right rested near the Newmarket road. At sunset of the same day this Une was 
again changed further to the left and somewhat to the rear of the position just vacated, 
where we remained during the night. 

" On the 28th the 1st Massachusetts Heavy Artillery was temporarily transferred to the 
1st brigade, while the 141st Pennsylvania was transferred to this command. This gave us 
another change of commanders, as Colonel Henry J. Madill, 141st Pennsylvania, assumed 
command. In the afternoon of July 28th the command was marched further to the rear 
and formed a line of battle along the earthworks that had been taken from the enemy on 
the morning of the 27th. 

"They were immediately reconstructed facing opposite from the original design in 
anticipation of an attack from the enemy. At dark the same day orders were received to 
move out immediately. This was done and the command recrossed James river on the 
pontoon bridge at Deep Bottom on our route to the front of Petersburg, where we were 
informed we must be at dayhght of July 29th. The troops were massed at I'ight and in 
the rear of the 18th corps at daybreak July 29th, in which position we remained during 
the day. At dark the same evening, in accordance with orders received, the brigade 
marclied furtlier to the left and took a position to the left of the City Point railroad in the 
front line of intrenchments, relieving a part of the 18th corps, our right connecting with 
the left of the 3d brigade, and the left with the right of the 1st brigade. During the 
assault on the enemy's works by a poi-tion of the army July 30th, the brigade did not 
become engaged except by brisk firing from the intrenchments, which was kept up 
during the day. 

"On the evening of the 30th the command was relieved by the 18th corps, and we 
march(;d to our old position of July 25th, on the left of the Une. During the operations 
from June 1st to July 30th, the casualties in the brigade were as follows: 





Killed. 


Wounded. 


Missing. 






Officers. 


Enlisted 
Men. 


OfflcerE, 


Enlisted 
Men. 


Officers. 


Enlisted 
Men. 


gate. 


Fifth Michigan Infantry 


15 
2 
5 
9 

26 
5 
6 


2 
2 
3 
.2 
15 
1 
4 


50 
15 
14 
20 
201 
27 
20 
2 


2 
1 


17 

8 

13 

5 

202 

4 

9 


86 


Fifty- Seventh Pennsylvania 


1 


29 


Ninety-third New York 


35 


First U. S. Sharpshooters 




36 


First Massacliusetts Heavy Artillery... 
Sixtv-lhird Pennsvlvania 


1 


451 

37 


One Hundred and Fifth Pennsylvania.. 




39 


Fourtii M aine 




2 












Total 


2 


68 


29 


349 


9 


258 


715 







RecapitulaHon. 





Killed. 


WOXINDED. 


MlESIKQ. 


Aggre- 




Offlcors. 


Enlisted 
Men. 


Officers. 


Enlisted 
Men. 


Officers. 


Enlisted 
Men. 


gate. 


In the Wilderness 


8 
11 


Ill 

168 

9 

11 

68 


23 

46 

4 

4 

29 


507 

854 

38 

53 

349 

1 M'l 


4 
6 

""9" 


28 

118 

12 

85 

258 


681 


At Spottsylvunia . 


1,202 

63 


From 20lii to 28th of May 


From 28tli of May to Ist of Juno 

From Ibt of Juno to Julv 30 


'""'2' 


153 






Total 


21 


:;c.7 


]('«■ 


18 


501 


1 *".<• 



I 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 



25a 



The regiment, then in command of Colonel Pulford, with its brigade com- 
manded by Colonel Craig, 105th Pennsylvania, moved from its encampment 
in front of Petersburg via City Point, and on August 14th entered upon an 
extended reconnoissance on the North side of the James River, and became 
engaged with the enemy at Strawberry Plains on the lotii and IGth, the brig- 
ade on the latter date having been temporarily attaciied to the 10th corps. 

Following is the report covering the operations of the brigade : 

Headquaeteks 2d Bkigade, 3d Division, 2d Aemy Cobps, / 

August 23d, J864. ) 

Major, — In accordance with orders received from Headquarters 3d Division, 2d Army 
Corps, dated August 21st, 18G4, I have the honor to submit the followiufi- report of the 
part talien by this brigade in the recent operations on the north side of the James Eiver: 

"The troops of this brigade anived at Deep Bottom, Va., and disembarked at day-break 
on the morning of tlie 14th inst. At about 1(1 o'clock the same morning we were moved a 
short distance across the plain from James Kiver, and massed in column of regiments near 
a piece of woods, in which position we remained the rest of the day and the following 
night. 

" On the 15th we were temporarily detached from our di\ ision and ordered to report to 
the 10th corps for duty. 

"The brigade was attached to the 2d division, 10th corps, commanded by Brigadier 
General Wm. Birney. "We had no sooner halted after having reported than the brigade 
was ordered to make a reconnoissance to the extreme right of the position towards Charles 
City road, with instructions "to push on and reach the road if possible." At 2 o'clock the 
brigade was placed in position. The 1st U.S. Sharpshooters were deployed as skirmish- 
ers, while the line of battle consisted of the followuig regiments, in the order given from 
right to left : Sith Pennsylvania, 1st Massachusetts Heavy Artilleiy, and 105th Pennsyl- 
vania. 

" This line was supported on either flank by the 141st Pennsylvania and 5th Michigan 
Infantry respectively, massed in column by division, while the '93d New York ^\a.s also- 
massed in column by division behind the center of the line of battle. The 57th Pennsyl- 
vania was deployed as flankers to protect the left flank of the brigade, while the right flank 
was protected by cavalry. 

" After these dispositions had been made the skirmishers moved forward and engaged 
those of the enemy, who were deployed only a short distance in a piece of woods and one 
and one-half miles from Charles City road. They were closely followed by the hne of 
battle and supports, and were driven ijack from their position to their hne of battle, which, 
after a brisk engagement of short duration, was completely routed, and we pursued them 
closely as far as Charles City road where we took up a position in accordance with our 
instructions, and where we found them strongly intrenched about 800 yards distant from 
the road. Here we remained until nearly dark the same evening, when we were ordered 
back three miles to General Birney's division, where we arrived soon after dark, and 
massed in column of regiments for the night. Our loss in this engtigenieiit was as follows: 





KllLEP. 


Wol'NDED. 


Ml SSI NO. 






onicers. 


Enlisted 
Men. 


OdiCLTB. 

2 

1 


Eiilislfd 


• ittners. 


Kiilisled 
Mm. 


Aggre- 
gHte. 


First U. S. Sharpshooters 




1 
1 


7 

G 
6 
4 
2 
1 




1 


11 


Eighty-fourth Pennsvlvania 




8 


One hundred and fifth Pennsvlvania 








G 


First Massachusetts Heavv Artillery... 




1 








7 


Fiftv-seventh Pennsylvania 






4 


Ninetv-thirii New York 












2 


Fitth Michigan 




! 


1 










Total 




3 


3 


32 




1 


39- 









" Prisoners captured during the day, none. 

"The same evening an order was received from headquarters 2d division, 10th nrniy 



254 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 



corps, to detail 800 men from the brigade to relieve some colored troops in the front line 
and occupy the works during the night. Accordingly the 5th Michigan, 105th Pennsyl- 
vania, 84th Pennsylvania, and 141st Pennsylvania were selected for the purpose, the 
whole detail commanded by Colonel John Pulford, 5th Michigan. On the mornmg of 
the 16th we were well prepared for action, which belief led the commander of, the 10th 
corps to attach us to the attacking column. 

" For this purpose we were ordered to report to General Terry, commanding division, 
10th army corps, for duty. We had scarcely reported when the order of attack seemed 
to have been changed. The assaulting column was to be that of General Foster, which 
occasioned another transfer of the 2d brigade and another report. 

"The brigade was used in this attack to protect the right flank of the attacking column. 
For this purpose the 1st U. S. sharpshooters and 5th Michigan were deployed as skirmish- 
ers, and extending back from the right flank of General Foster's division. The skumish 
line was suppoited by a line of battle consisting of the 93d New York, 84th Pennsylvania, 
105th Pennsylvania, and 141st Pennsylvania. The 57th Pennsylvania and 1st Massachu- 
setts Heavy Artilleiy were massed in column by division in rear of the line of battle, to 
extend the skirmish hne to the right or to support the line of battle as the case might be. 
Alter these dispositions had been made the front lines of the attacking column moved 
forward and we conformed to their movements by marching by the left flank. 

" We had not advanced far before the engagement commenced. The enemy's pickets 
were driven in and the front line confronted their rifle pits, which were soon carried. This 
advance occasioned the deployment of the 1st Massachusetts Hea\'y Artillery on the right 
of the 5th Michigan as flankers. From the rifle pits the lines again moved forward and soon 
became severely engaged with the enemy in their earthworks. The left of our skirmish 
line also became engaged. A brisk and hotly contested action ensued, which, after a 
determined assault by our lines resulted in the capture of their earthworks. In front of 
these works a ra^ine extended in an oblique direction from left to right across an open 
field, a distance of about 250 or 300 yards. The enemy still occupied this I'avine and the 
crest beyond. To drive them from this position the balance of the brigade was ordered 
up to make a chai'ge and drive them out. Accordingly those regiments which were not 
on the skirmish line (93d New York, 84th Pennsylvania, 141st Pennsylvania, 105th Penn- 
sylvania, and 57th Pennsylvania) were marched up by the left flank and formed in front 
of these earthworks in two lines, the second line being composed of the 57th Pennsyl- 
vania. We formed ' on left by file into line ' at nearly right angles with the earthworks 
and parallel to the ravine, which we had to charge. From this point we charged across 
the open field and into the ravine, driving the enemy before us. 

" The enemy fought stubbornly and the position was hotly contested. In this advance 
the brigade took three commissioned officers and one hundred enUsted men of the enemy 
prisoners. 

" We held our position in the ravine for nearly an hour, until we were completely 
flanked, receiving a fire on both flanks and in front, and as we had no supports we were 
comiiellod to fall back to the captured earthwoiks, which were now occupied by troops from 
the 1 Otii corps. In this action and after we had fallen back to the earthworks. Colonel C. A. 
Craiij, 105th Pennsylvania, commanding brigade, was mortally wounded through the head 
by a musket ball wliile he was in the act of giving an order about re-forming his brigade. 
His gallantry and efliciency on the field had been remarked by all and the brigade felt 
severely his loss. 

" Tlie loss in the brigade in this action was as follows: 





Killed. 


Wounded. 


Missing. 


Aggre- 
gate. 




Ollici'ie. 


Enlisted 
Meu. 


Officers. 


Enlisted 
Men. 


Officers. 


Enlisted 
Men. 


Fifth Michigan Infantrv 








3 

10 
10 
17 

7 

18 
6 
1 




3 


Fifty-seventh Pennsylvania 






1 


"1 


4 

29 

6 

5 

28 


15 


Eiglitv-fourth Pcnnsvlvania 


1 

1 




40 


One lluiidrcii and Filtli I'ennsylvania. . 

One Hundred and Forty-first Penu 

Nlnotv-tiiird New York 


1 
■■■4 


1 

2' 

2 


2(3 
13 
52 


First U. S. Sharpsliootors- ... 




8 


First MasKuchusetls Heavy Artillery. .. 




1 




20 


22 




2 




Total 


6 


6 


72 


1 


92 


179 





MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 255 

" As soon as we had fallen back to the earthworks the brigade was ordered to the rear 
bo re-form. The command now devolved on Colonel John Pulford, 5th Michigan, who 
was informed, and immediately assumed command (Major Daniel S. Root, 5th Michigan, 
succeeding in command of the regiment) . 

" Within three-fourths of an houi- the brigade was re-formed about 600 yards in the 
rear of the front Unes, and reported to division hcadqujirters for duty. In consideration 
of the last desperate charge that was made by the brigade far beyond the advance of any 
other troops; of the stubborn resistance to the lire on both flanks and in front; of the 
llnal charge of the enemy on the ravine, which compelled us to fall back, and the capture 
of a position of the command by the enemy, all told of the discipUne of the command 
which allowed it to be re-formed in three-fourths of an hour. But few stragglers were in 
the rear, and the troops were well organized. 

"After lying in the rear about an hour, we were again placed in position on the front 
lines, our left connecting on the right of the 7th U. S. Colored Infantiy. "While in this 
position the enemy made a demonstration on our right flank, which compelled us to refuse 
a portion of the brigade on the right, consisting of the 84th Pennsylvania, after which 
they were repulsed. 

" We remained in this position untU late in the evening of ilio 16th, during which time 
a, hne of earthworks was constructed in rear of our lines. After it was completed our line 
was withdrawn from this advanced position and occupied the line of earthworks that had 
been prepared for us. In the meantime the 1st U. S. Sharpshooters had been relieved 
from the skirmish line on the flank, and ordered to headquarters 2d division, 10th army 
corps, for duty. 

"The 5th Michigan and 1st Massachusetts Heavy Artillery remained on the skirmish 
line, and the remainder of the brigade occupied the front line of earthworks until the 
morning of the 17th, when the brigade was relieved and ordered to rejoin our division. 

"To more fully set forth our conduct while attached to the 10th corps, I herewith sub- 
join a copy of an order issued at headquarters 2d division, 10th army corps, at the time 
of our being relieved; 

" Headquarters Birnet's Division Tknth army Corps, I 

" Auyusl nih, 1864. \ 

«'Ordeks. 

'• In accordance with orders from corps headquarters, the 2d brigade, 3d division, 2d army corns, 
is hereby relieved Irom duty with this division, and will report to its own division commander tor 
duty. 

" The brigadier general commanding cannot mrt with this brigade without testifying his high 
sense of the gallantry on the field while under his command. He was an eye-witness to its stand 
in the rebel woi-ks, which was worihy of its old reputation for hard fighting. 
" By order of 

BRIGADIER GENERAL WM. BIENEY. 
" M. Bailet, Captain and A. A. O. 

" The brigade rejoined the 3d division, 2d army corps, on the afternoon of the 17th 
tnst., and massed in column by regiments, where we remained until the evening of the 
18th, when we crossed to the south side of the James river en route to the vicinity of 
Petersburg, where we arrived on the 19th. Here our troops were placed in position on 
the front lines, connecting on our right with the 1st brigade, 3d division, and on our left 
with the 5th corps. 

" I cannot close the report without personally mentioning the ofScers of the staff of this 
brigade. I find, too, that not only one should be mentioned by name, but the whole of 
them, who were so active during all the operations. The names of Captain F. E. Marble, 
A. A. A. G., Captain W. H. Lloyd, A. I. G., Captain S. S. Hill, A. A. D. C, and Lieu- 
tenant S. D. Newcomb, A. A. D. C, shall ever be remembered as very gentlemanly and 
eflBcient officers, who were conspicuous for their braveiy by remaining in the most dan- 
gerous situations to attend to the welfare and prompt duties of the brigade. 
" 1 am, Major, very respectfully, 

" Your obedient servant, 

JOHN PULFOED, 
" Colonel Commanding Brigade. 
" Majob John Hancock, 

"A. A. G., 3d Div., 2d A. 0." 

Ou October 26th the 5tli marched to the Weldon railroad, theuce ou the 
next day moved to the Boydtoii plank road on the extreme left of the army, 
and participated in the attack made on the enemy's right, sustaining a severe 
loss in officers and men, including among the killed Adjutant J. F. McGiuley 
and Lieutenant S. A. Boyd. The regiment captured a large number of pris- 



•ZbH MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

oners in this affair, and having returned to its former position in front of 
Petersburg, on the 31st received orders, together with the 1st U. S. sharp- 
shooters and 105th Pennsylvania, all under command of Colonel Pulford, 
Lieutenant Colonel S. S. Mathews being in command of the 5th, to garrison 
Fort Davis, on the Jerusalem plank road. 

Tlie casualties in the engagements in which the^regiment participated during 
the year, were: At Kelly's Ford, 1 wounded; Locust Grove, 1 killed, 15 
wounded, 2 missing — total, 18. Mine Kun, 3 wounded. Wilderness, 38 killed, 
167 wounded, 16 missing — total 221. Spottsylvania Court House, 6 killed, 60 
wounded, 9 missing — total, 75. North Anna River, 1 killed, 9 wounded, 1 
missing — total, 11. Tolopotomy Creek, 2 killed, 4 wounded, 11 missing — total, 
17. Before Petersburg, 15 killed, 52 wounded, 19 missing — total, 86. 
Strawbery Plains, 1 killed, 13 wounded — total 14. Boydton plank road, 9 
killed, 52 wounded, 43 missing — total, 105, being an aggregate of 74 killed, 
366 wounded, and 101 missing, and a total of 551. 

On the 1st of November, 1864, the regiment was in the 2d brigade, 3d 
division, 2d corps, Army of the Potomac, and was doing garrison duty in 
Fort Davies, in the front line of works, before Petersburg, Va. 

On December 23d the veterans and recruits of the 1st regiment U. S. sharp- 
shooters (Michigan men) were permanently transferred to the 5th, which was 
now composed of the 3d 5th, and sharpshooters. 

The regiment, in command of Colonel Pulford and now armed with the 
Sharp's improved breech-loading rifle for skirmish service, on January 15th, 
1865, formed part of General Warren's command on his raid to "Weldon, 
and on its return was stationed on the railroad near Humphrey's station. 
After laying at that point for two weeks it moved again to the front line of 
works before Petersburg, and in the meantime company B, 2d regiment, U. S. 
sharpshooters (also Michigan men), had in February been transferred to the 5th. 
At Petersburg the regiment had built winter quarters and been employed on 
fatigue and picket duty until March 25th, when it participated in the attack on 
the enemy's works near Hatcher's Run, where it assisted in driving him from his 
first line of works, after a heavy engagement of four hours; remaining at that 
point until the 29th, it moved about six miles to the left, and on the morning 
of the 30th the regiment was deployed as skirmishers and became engaged 
with the enemy's pickets, and after driving them within tlieir main line of 
works near Fort Harney fire was opened on tiie regiment from three batteries, 
but it succeeded in holding its ground until the otli corps got into position, 
when the line was maintained. On the 2d of April the regiment, with the 1st 
Massachusetts Heavy Artillery, command of Colonel Pulford, the 5th in com- 
mand of Lieutenant Colonel Root, made a demonstration on the enemy's 
works, for the purpose of developing his position and strength. This being 
accomplished with but small loss, the command held its position during the 
iiiglit and next morning the regiment with its corps participated in the general 
atjsault on the enemy's fortifications, which resulted in carrying his entire line of 
works and tlie capture of Petersburg, and is reported to have been the first regi- 
ment to raise its colors on tiie works. In following up the retreat of that part 
of tlic enemy which took the line of the South Side railroad, the regiment was 
dei)loycd as skirmishers, and on the 4th and 5th pressed his rear guard closely. 
On liio 6th he matlo a stanil at Sailor's Creek, to protect the crossing of his 
baggage, when the brigade made a charge, capturing 173 wagons, the regi- 
ment taking a stand of colors and 145 prisoners. The enemy being followed 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE, 257 

up closely by the brigade, on the 7th and 8th, the regiment acting as flankers 
and skirmishers, became engaged at New Store, and on the 9th was in the 
front in line of battle at A[)pomattox Court House, at the surrender of 
Lee. At that point the regiment lay until the 13th, when it marched back to 
Burkeville, and on the 1st of May proceeded via Richmond to Washington, D. 
C, where it participated in the review of the armies at that place on the 2dd. 
On the 10th of June it started for Louisville via the Baltimore & Ohio rail- 
road to Parkersburg, and thence by steamer down the Ohio River. Arriving 
at Louisville on the 14th it crossed the river to Jeffersonville, Ind., and 
remained there until July 5th, when it was mustered out of service and pro- 
ceeded in command of Colonel Pulford to Michigan, arriving on the 8th at 
Detroit, where, on the 17th, it was paid off and disbanded. 

The regiment, while in service, participated in battles and skirmishes at 
Pohick Church, Va., January 9, 1862; siege of Yorktown, Va., A})ril 4 to 
May 4, 1862; Williamsburg, Va., May 5, 1862; Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, 
1862; Peach Orchard, Va., June 29, 1862; Glendale, Va., June 30, 1862; 
Malvern Hill, Va., July 1, 1862; Bull Run 2d, Va., August 28, 1862; Grove- 
town, Va, August 29, 1862; Chantilly, Va., September 1, 1862; Fredericks- 
burg, Va., December 13, 1862; The Cedars, Va., May 2, 1863; Chancellors- 
ville, Va., Mav 3, 1863; Gettysburg, Pa., July 2 and 3, 1863; Wapping 
Heights, Va., July 23, 1863; Auburn Heights, Va., October 1, 1863; Kelly's 
Ford, Va., November 26, 1863; Locust Grove, Va., November 27, 1663; Miue 
Run, Va., November 29, 1863; Wilderness, Va., May 5, 6, and 7, 1864; 
Todd's Tavern, Va., May 8, 1864; Po River, Va., May 8, 1864; Spottsyl- 
vauia, Va., May 12, 1864; North Anna, Va., May 23, 1864; Toloi)otomv, Va., 
May 30, 1864; Cold Harbor, Va., June 2, 1864; Petersburg, Va., June 16 
and 22, 1864; Deep Bottom, Va., July 27 and 28, 1864; Strawberry Plains, 
August 15 and 16, 1864; Poplar Spring Church, September 30, 1864; Boyd- 
ton Road, Va., October 27, 1864; Hatcher's Run, Va., March 25, 1865; 
Boydton Road, Va., April 2, 1865; Capture of Petersburg, Va., April 3, 1865; 
Sailor's Creek, Va., April 6, 1865; New Store, Va., April 8, 1865; Appomat- 
tox Court House, Va., April 9. 1863; seige of Petersburg, Va,, from June 17, 
1864, to April 3, 1865. 

During its service the regiment had borne on the rolls 1,950 officers and 
men. Its losses were 10 officers, 141 men killed in action ; 6 officers, 75 men 
died of wounds; 3 officers and 163 men of disease. 

" The mighty have fallen, yet death cannot chill 
Those noble emotions the soul ever thrill; 
The {?rave hath no confines the spirit to hold, 
■\Vhile back to its kindred it flies to unfold." 

Notes.— From the Eichmond Enquirer, 1861: "Among the thousand prisoners now in 
Richmond, one is a real prize. His name is Fairbanks, and he is the adjutant of the Mich- 
igan regiment (1st 3 months). He hails from Detroit; by trade he is a shoemaker, and by 
nature is one of the blackest-hearted abolitionists and haters of the South that is anywhere 
suffered to carry God's breath around in a wicked carcass. He is the same individual who 
was so urgent to have the clergyman arrested in Alexandria for praying for the Confederate 
States, thrown into tlie negro pen, and there confined until he repented. He was equally 
anxious to have several of Llie ladies of Alexandria hung as an example of the manner in 
which the abohtionists intended to treat secessionists. As you now have an excellent 
opportunity of allowing him to tost the beauties of his theorj', I would suggest that the 
fellow be kindly treated as k>ng as he lives on bread and water, and that twice a day a 
committee of ladies call upon him, and, with a rope, stretch his neck until he is perfectly 
satit^lied with the honor conferred upon him. Afterwards I would exchange him for some 
miserable cur, and shoot the dog." 

3.> 



258 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

The numerous friends of the gallant and noble-hearted gentleman referred to will be 
much amused at this description of Major Fairbanks, who, under the most provoking 
circumstances, could be nothing else than a gentleman, and a brave and honorable man. 

While this regiment was quartered in rebel huts at Brandy Station, in the early part of 
1864, two Irish soldiers were busy one morning cookmg coffee for the officers, in. front of 
the headquarters' hut; having each a coffee-pot, and the fire being small, a quarrel was 
soon in order, each iamming his pot against the other's, until one was capsized and the 
coffee spilled. This brought the owner to his feet with an oath, and, with clinched fist in 
close proximity to his comrade's nose, burst out in his pure mother tongue: "Paddy, if 
ye's don't stop I'll shout to Colonel Mathews, an' if he doesn't stop ye's, be Saint Patrick 
I'll make ye's a prisent of a wooden overcoat" (a coffin). 

During the terrible days of fighting and hardship in the Wilderness, and frequently 
afterwards on Grant's flank movement to the James, the ambulance corps being unabie 
to take care of all the wounded, mule teams with common army wagons were often 
ordered to the front to assist in conveying the disabled to the rear. Captain Blackman, 
quartermaster of the 5th Michigan, had an Irishman, a teamster, in his train, who was 
somewhat inclined to avoid this kind of duty. One morning, in anticipation of a hard 
fight, Blackman had an order to send two wagons to the front, and detailed this man with 
another for that purpose. The fighting having become brisk, the Irishman tried to avoid 
the detail, stating that his mules were all lame, and he did not feel veiy well himself, but 
finally had to go. He was absent the entire day, returning to the rear about 10 o'clock at 
night. Blackman said to him on his return: "Well, Mike, how did you get along?" 
"Purty well, sir; only they kept me foolin' about, dodgin' balls all day, widout doin' a 
ha'p'erth, until I almost dispaired of gettin' anything to put in my wagon ; but as luck 
would have it, be the hokj', about sundown the rebels went to work in dead earnest, and 
shot me down a load in about fifteen minutes," seeming pei'fectly elated, and feeling big 
over his success. 

Two men of the 5th went out several miles on a foraging expedition, and in their hunt 
found some fiour in sacks, and each appropriated one. On their way home they noticed 
what seemed to be a storehouse adjohiing a plantation; this they proposed to examine. 
On entering it they found a barrel partly full of what they thought was buck-\\ heat flour, 
and preferring it to the wheat flour, emptied their sacks and refilled them from the barrel, 
and continued theii- journej' to camp, a considerable distance. In the morning, bright 
and early, they went to work on the pancakes, expecting to have an unusually fine break- 
fast. The flour was placed in the dish, and the water and other ingredients supplied, 
when the stirring commenced; but, lo! and behold, the flour became suddenly unusually 
thick, and was hardening. This alarmed the compounder, and, looking at it in amaze- 
ment, he called to his comrade, "The curs't stuff is sat." His mate instantly rushed to 
the spot, but before he reached there the material was almost perfectly hard ; he was 
unable to take it from the dish with his hands, but, turning it upside down, dumped it out, 
hard as a brick. One whispered to the other, "Plaster Paris!" Not another word was 
said, but both skipped to their tent in silence. 

During one of the winters of the war there was a standing order in a regiment serving 
in the Army of the Potomac for religious services once on every Sunday. Some Sundays 
it was extremely cold— too cold, really, lor any chaplain to preach out of doors, or lor the 
soldiers to listen. The major, a gallant officer, who was in command of the regiment at 
the time about to be referred to, not being much in favor of such service, and being some- 
what opi)(>.sed to chaplains generally, and at the same time inclined to the idea that they 
earned tiiuir pay rather easily, took special pains on such cold days to make a special effort 
to have the chaplain, a man of much ability, preach, not altogether for any benefit he believed 
the boklieis would derive therefrom, butfor the purpose of annoying the chaplain. On one 
very cold Sunday there seemed to be some delay in getting" the meeting up, and the 
major sent an orderly tor the chaplain, directing him to hold service. It was so cold that 
no one cuuld stand to listen to any discourse; still it had to be undertaken. The church 
cull was sounded, the chaplain took his post, the command was marched to the place; the 
major, of course, must be there to at least give countenance to his own order; everyone 
was sliivering, he with the others. The chaplain commenced; then both officers and men 
began to siic-k the shelter ol' their tents; the congregation soon became unusually thin, 
but the discourse was continued. In a short time very few were left except some of the 
onicers, the major included, and a small number of the men; but the chaplain held forth, 
the major suffering with the others, but he dare not leave; finally scarcely any but he 
remained; the cliaplaln still wont on continuuig his discourse; which, when closed, had 
lasl.'d one hour un-l a half. Whan the end luul come the major made for his tent, almost 
Uo/A'u, and on entfiing which ho said to his brother officers, in a way which he desired to 
be understood us jociilur: "Well, boys, the old chaplain has euchred me after all! Give 
me some ichinky, quick!" There was no more church ser\4ces on such cold Sundays. 



SIXTH REGIMENT INFANTRY. 



"Onward, then, our stainless banner, 

Let it kiss the stripe and star, 
Till in weal and woe united 

They forever wedded are. 
We will plant them by the river, 

By the Gulf, and by the strand, 
Till they float, to float forever, 

O'er a free, united land." 

The 6th, another of the camp of instruction regiments, was rendezvoused 
atKahtmuzoo and was mustered into the United States service August 20, 18(31. 

It was composed of the companies originally assigned to it when ordered to the 
camp, and which were recruited in the vicinity of the places mentioned in 
their respective names. On the organization of the regiment they received 
the alpliabetical designation given below : 

A, Berrien County Eifles, Niles. B, St. Joseph Volunteers, St. Joseph. C, Schoolcraft 
Ijight Guard, Schoolcraft. D, Dowagiac Light Infantry, Dowagiac. E, Wolverine Rifle 
liaiigers, Marshall. F, Sahne Sharpshooters, Sahue. G, Littlejohn Light Guard, Alle- 
gan. H, Eaton Eifles, Charlotte. 1, Albion Eifle Eangers, Albion. K, Beardsley Guard, 
Kiles. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Colonel, Frederick W. Curtenius, Kalamazoo. Lieutenant Colonel, Thomas S. Clark, 
Monroe. Major, Edward Bacon, Kiies. Surgeon, Charles V. Mottram, Kalamazoo. Assist- 
ant Surgeon, Simeon S. French, Battle Creek. Adjutant, Curtis W. Kilborn, Kalamazoo. 
Quartermaster, Le Grand W. Perce, St. Joseph. Chaplain, Ehzur Andrews, Nilos. 

A. Captain Efl A. Griffin, Niles. First Lieutenant, "WiiJiam W. Thayer, Battle Creek. 
Second Lieutenant, Selden F. Craig, Niles. 

B. Captain, William W. Wheeler, St. Joseph. First Lieutenant, Augustus W. Chap- 
man, St. Joseph. Second Lieutenant, Le Grand W. Perce, St. Joseph. 

C. Captain, Garrett J. Spitzer, Schoolcraft. First Lieutenant, Joseph Eoberts, School- 
craft. Second Lieutenant, Curtis W. Kilborn, Kalamazoo. 

D. Captain, Charles E. Clark, Dowagiac. First Lieutenant, Frederick J. Clark, 
Dowagiac. Second Lieutenant, James A. Ellis, Dowagiac. 

E. Captain, James Winters, Marbhall. First Lieutenant, Sylvester CogsweU, Mar- 
shaU. Second Lieutenant, Charles Heine, Marshall. 

F. Captain, John Cordon, Saline. First Lieutenant, Henry A. Harris, Saline. Second 
Lieutenant, Seymour Howell, Saline. 

G. Captain, Chauncey J. Bassett, Allegan. First Lieutenant, Henry Stark, Otsego. 
Second Lieutenant, Alfred 0. Wallin, Chicago, 111. 

H. Captain, Smith W. Fowler, Jackson. First Lieutenant, Peter D. Montgomery, 
Eaton llapids. Second Lieutenant, William S. Trask, Charlotte. 

I. Captain, Harrison Soule, Albion. First Lieutenant, Alfred J. Ealf, Jonesville. Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, Charles S. Fasset, Sandstone. 

K. Captain, David Bacon, Niles. First Lieutenant, Horace Cummings, Nfles. Second 
Lieutenant, John Jacks, Edwardsburg. 



260 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

The regiment, in command of Colonel Ourtenius, left Kalamazoo for 
the Potomac August 30th, 1861, its mnster rolls showing a force of 944 officers 
and men. On its arrival at Baltimore it -was ordered into camp, where it lay 
during most of the winter following. 

On the passage of the 7th Michigan through Cleveland, a few days later, the 
** Herald " of that city remarked : 

"In speaking of the passage through Cleveland a few days since of the 6th Michigan, 
we reniarlied that it -was the finest regiment the Wolverines had sent to the war. We are 
inclined to think, from present appearances, that the same observation will be equally 
applicable to each successive Michigan regiment as it takes up its line of march for 
Washington, for the personnel of the^th Michigan cannot be beat." 

The citizens of Kalamazoo procured for the 6th Infantry an elegant banner 
of the regulation standard. On a blue field were fine decorations in gold 
letters, and among the stars the single inscription, *'Do your duty." The 
flag was sent by the Hon. H. G. Wells to the Regiment while in camp at 
Baltimore, where it was formally presented by Colonel Curtenius, com- 
manding. It was carried through the several battles of the regiment, and 
finally was sent to Kalamazoo as the gift of the regiment to Colonel Curtenius. 

On November 14th it composed a part of an expedition, in command of 
General Lockwood, to the eastern shore of Virginia, for the purpose of driving^ 
out a rebel force under General Henry A. Wise, who were fortifying a point 
on the Potomac. Upon the approach of the Union force they hurriedly dis- 
persed, leaving considerable ammunition and small arms. The Union force, 
after destroying the works, returned to Baltimore, arriving there on December 
8th. 

While the regiment lay in Baltimore it was given by the Union ladies of that 
city a handsome silk U. S. flag. It was presented on behalf of the donors by 
a prominent lawyer of Baltimore, and a proper response was made by Colonel 
Curtenius. 

The Gth left Baltimore February 22d, 1862, by steamers for Fortress Mon- 
roe, arriving there next day, encamped at Newport News. 

On March 4th, with the 4th Wisconsin and 21st Indiana, the regiment 
embarked on transport steamer "Constitution," and proceeding to sea passed 
under fire of rebel batteries on Sewell's Point, disembarked at Ship Island, 
Miss., on the 13th of March, where it remained until April 14th, when, with 
the 4th Wisconsin and 21st Indiana, it embarked on the transport ship ''Great 
Republic," and in tow of a steamer started for the mouth of the Mississippi to 
constitute a part of the attacking force on the expedition against New Orleans, 
in coininaiid of General Benj. F. Butler. The force commenced landing in 
Black I5ay, in rour of Fort St. Phillip, with the intention of attacking that 
point; but while in the act intelligence was received that both Forts Jackson 
and St. Philli))s had surrendered, and consequently the expedition ended, and 
after the destruction of a bridge in that vicinity it proccoled to the mouth of 
the Mississippi, tlience up tliat river by boats to New Orleans, arriving there 
on tiio 2d of May, taking possession of the U. S. mint, and being one of the 
first regiments t<» occupy that city after its capture by the Union troops. 

On the 'Jtli of M:iy the regiment, with its brigade, took boats and proceeded 
about 37 miles up tlic Mississippi, and, disembarking, started inland, marching 
all night through a cypress swamp in water so deep as to require great effort to> 
save the ammunition from ruin, while the rations were all destroyed. The 
object of the expedition was the capture of a train of cars on the New Orleans 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 261 

and Jackson railroad, cut the road and destroy bridges, which being success- 
fully accomplished the force returned, arriving at Kennar on the 10th, where 
it embarked on steamers and proceeded to Baton Rouge, then in command of 
General Thomas Williams, arriving there on the 13th, thence up the river on a 
reconnoissance as far as Warrenton, five miles below Vicksburg. Arriving there 
the ISth, the object of the reconnoissance being accomplished, the return trip on 
commenced, and arriving at Grand Gulf was fired into bv a light battery, 
when the force landed and drove the enemy inland about' two miles, then 
returned, and on re-enibarking continued the trip down the river, arriving at 
Baton Eouge on the 29th, and went into winter quarters at the barracks. 

Soon after the arrival of the regiment at Baton Rouge, and while it was 
comfortably situated in barracks, an order was given by the general com- 
manding to Colonel T. S. Clark, then in command of the regiment, to move 
and bivouac his regiment in the adjoining woods, without tents or any other 
shelter, to make room for the 9th Connecticuii> a regiment having tents, 
while the use of these tents, which belonged to the United States, was refused 
the Michigan regiment. This was a proceeding which the officers protested 
iigainst, and on refusing to obey the order, the field officers and several of the 
line officers were placed in arrest, but finally the order was reluctantly com- 
plied with, and the regiment marched out under the order of a captain, into 
the woods, where it remained, without shelter, until after the battle, which 
eoon occurred, suffering much from exposure. This was a most unaccountable 
proceeding on the part of the commander, as the regiment had not deserved 
in any manner so unreasonable a test of its discipline, nor such a contempti- 
ble discrimination against it in favor of another regiment, and it is presumed 
that had he lived but a short time longer the gallantry of the regiment in 
battle would have secured a more favorable consideration at his hands. 

The officers arrested were sent to ISIew Orleans for trial, but were released on 
the order of General Butler. 

About the 20 of July six of the companies of the regiment, in command of 
Colonel Clark, made a raid in the direction of Camp Moore, 60 miles east- 
ward of Baton Rouge, for the purpose of capturing Charles M. Conrad, who 
had been Secretary of War under President Fillmore, and then a prominent 
rebel, and a Mr. Benton. At Benton's Ferry, about 40 miles out, they encoun- 
tered a rebel force and had a running fight with them for about two miles, tak- 
ing some prisoners including Benton, and a large number of horses, mule teams, 
and a supply of camp stores, destroying their camp at White Church. Among 
the stores taken were barrels of mess pork marked U. S. A. This accom- 
plished, the command returned to Baton Rouge. 

On August 5th, while that place was being heavily attacked by the rebel 
forces under Breckenridge, the regiment then in command of Captain Charles 
E. Clark, the ranking officers being in arrest, received and repulsed with spirit 
the principal attack by the rebel troops in command of General Clark, of 
Mississippi, against the right wing of the Union forces, which, if it had 
succeeded would have given the enemy a commanding position and most likely 
would have led to the loss of a large portion of the artillery. 

General Thomas Williams, U. S. Army, a native of Detroit, commanded 
the Union troops. They consisted of Kmis's 2d Massachusetts Battery, Man- 
ning's 4th Maf^sachusetts Battery, and a section of a battery taken by the 21st 
Indiana and attached to that regiment under command of Lieutenant Brown, 
and the following infantry regiments: Sixth Michigan, 30th Massachusetts, 



262 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

7th Vermont, 14th Maine, 21st Indiana, 4th Wisconsin, and 9th Connecticut,, 
the whole Union force not numbering over two thousand. The attacking force 
numbered six thousand or over, and consisted of the 4th, 9th, and 30th Louisiana, 
the 3d, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th Kentucky, two Tennessee, and two Missis- 
sippi regiments, one Alabama regiment, and a large guerrilla force, together 
with thirteen or more pieces of artillery. 

The 6th Michigan was divided into detachments, commanded respectively 
by Captains Corden, Spitzer, and Soule, the loss of the regiment being 20 
killed, 43 wounded, and 6 missing. 

General Williams was killed in the engagement while mounted, and while 
saying to the 21st Indiana, "Boys, your field officers are all gone; I will lead 
you." 

In General Butler's order we found the following paragraphs: 

" The commanding general has carefully revised the oflScial reports of the action of 
August 5th, at Baton Kouge, to collect the evidence of the gallant deeds and meritorious 
services of those engaged in that brilhant victory. 

"The name of tlie lamented and gallant General Williams has already passed into 
history. 

"The 6th Michigan fought rather by detachments than as a regiment, but deserves the 
fullest commendation for the gallant behavior of its officers and men. Companies A, B, 
and F, under command of Captain Cordon, receive special mention for the coolness and 
courage with which they supported and retook Brown's battery, routing the 4th Louisiana 
and capturing their colors, which the regiment has leave to send to its native State. 

"Captain Charles E. Clark, acting lieutenant colonel 6th Michigan, prevented the 
enemy from flanking our right, bringing his command at the critical moment to the support 
of Nims's battery. Lieutenant Howell, Company F, 6th Michigan, and Lieutenant A. J. 
Ealph, acting adjutant, for intrepidity; Captain Spitzer, 6th Michigan, in command of the 
company of pickets, who handsomely held in check the enemy's advance; the fearless 
conduct of Lieutenant Howell, Company F, and Sergeant Thayer, Company A, 6th 
Michigan, after they were wounded, in supporting Lieutenant Brown's battery. 

"Captain Soule and Lieutenant Fassett, Company I, 6th Michigan, as skirmishers, 
were wounded, and deserve special notice for the steadiness of their command, wliich 
lost heavily in killed and wounded. " 

Lieutenant G. Weitzel (afterwards major general), then Chief Engineer 
Department of the Gulf, and present with the troops in the engagement, says 
ill his (itiicial report: 

"Three companies of the 6th Michigan covered themselves with gloiy in recovering 
from a large force two guns, posted on the right of the Magnolia Cemetery, which tem- 
porarily were left by our forces. These same companies captured the colors of the 4th 
Louisiana, but only they had shot down tour successive color-bearers." 

It appears from Captain Cordon's letter that the colors captured by Com- 
pany F, of his command, referred to in General Butler's order as belonging to 
the 4th Louisiana, were the colors of the 9th Louisiana Infantry : 

Jackson, Mich., November 14th, 2S64. 

8iK,— I have the honor to place in your hands this trophy, to be placed with the archives 
of the State. 

It is the " battle flag" of the 9th Louisiana battalion (not the 4th Louisiana), captured 
by Company F, 6th Micliigan Infantry, at the battle of Baton Kouge, August 5th, 1862. 
I am, sir, very respcctfuily, your obedient servant, 

JOHN COEDEN, 
niB Excellency, Austin Blair, Captain Company F, 6th Michigan. 

Governor of Michigan. 

Extract from the report of Colonel N. A. M. Dudley, commanding the 
right wing: 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 263 

"The 6th Michigan, under Captain Clark, acting lieutenant colonel, moved up to the 
support of Niras's battery in elegant order. Its assistance caiiio most fortunately, for it 
was clear the enemy intended to outflank us at this point. Nobly did Colonel Clark and 
his command discharge their duty here, as their list of killed and wounded show. This 
regiment did good service on more than one occasion this day. " 

The same officer, in making special mention of officers wlio served on hie 
stuff during tlie day, says : 

"Lieutenant Clark, 6th Michigan, also acquitted himself hand&omely." 

Lieiitenaut Colonel Clark, in a report, says of his regiment in the engage- 
ment : 

" At Baton Eouge, August 5th, 1862, the regiment received and repulsed an attack of a 
superior rebel force led by Genei-al Clark of Mississippi, which was made against the 
right wing of our line, and which would, if it had been successful, have lost us a lartre part of 
our artillery, and given the enemy the superior advantage of having a complete flanking 
position. The importance of the repulse thus given to the principal attack of the rebels 
on that day by the 6th Michigan was fully acknowledged by General Butler in his con- 
gratulatory order issued soon after." 

Mr. Greeley mentions the affair as follows: 

" The battle raged furiously for two hours, during which the rebel right was advanced, 
driving back the 1-lth Maine, pillaging and burning its camp; and while four successive 
assaults were unsuccessfully made on our front. General Clark made a resolute effort to 
flank and estabhsh himself in rear. General Wflliams, anticipating this movement, had 
placed a battery, supported by two regiments, to resist it; and the rebels were repulsed 
with considerable loss." 

The engagement as noticed in the American Encyclopedia: 

" On the 5th of August an attack was made on Baton Rouge, La., in the Department of 
the Gulf, which was under the command of General Butler. The Federal force was under 
command of Brigadier General "Williams. The Confederate force making the attack was 
under the command of General John C. Breckenridge. The contest was sharp and 
bloody, and the attack was successfully repulsed. The Federal loss was 90 killed and 
250 wounded. Among the killed was General Williams. Three hundred of the Con- 
federates were reported to have been killed and buried by the force of General WilUams. " 

After the evacuation of Baton Eouge by the Union forces, on the 20th of 
August, 1862, the Gth Infantry, then in command of Colonel T. S. Clark, was 
stationed at Mettarie Ridge, guarding one of the approaches to New Orleans. 
Owing to the unhealthy locality in which the regiment was stationed, the 
number fit for duty when it moved to New Orleans, December Gth, was only 
191 out of an aggregate of 755. The men soon recovered after their arrival 
at the latter place. On the 14th of January, 18G3, the regiment participated 
in the expedition under General Weitzel to Bayou Tesche, which destroyed the 
rebel gunboat Cotton. 

Returning to New Orleans, the regiment, being in the 1st brigade, 2d 
division, 19th corps, was stationed on the Gth of February at Camp Parapet, 
and at Kenner, 18 miles from New Orleans. 

Engaging in the expedition to Ponchatoula, again under the direction of 
Geweral Weitzel, on the 23d of March, in command of Colonel T. S. Clark, it 
attacked the rebels at that place, and was engaged on the 23d, 2-ith, and 25th, 
driving them out and cajituring a number of prisoners, the loss of the regi- 
ment being nine wounded. 

Following is the report of Colonel Clark : 

"In compliance with orders of date March 20th, 1863, I proceeded with my command 
to Frenier Station, on the morning of tlie 21st, and there bivouacked for the night, 
assuming command at that post. I found four companies, General Nickerson's brigade. 



264 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

at Frenier and De Sair Stations. On Sunday, the 22d, at 7 A. M., I proceeded with the 
command to ilauchac Pass, leaving about one hundi-ed men to guard this bayou and road 
in my rear. 

"Arrived at South Manchac Pass at 1 P. M. the same day; at 6 P. M. four schooners 
and one small steamer, containing five companies of Colonel Smith's regiment, l(i.5th New 
York Volunteers, one company of my own regiment, two rifled field pieces in charge of a 
detachment of the 9th Connecticut Volunteers, and a launch mounting one rifle, manned 
by a detachment of 9th Connecticut Volunteers, arrived. On the morning of the 23d I 
debarked the 165th New York, placed one field piece on the north side of the island, where 
the railroad bridge crosses the North Pass, and embarked the troops brought by me from 
Frenier, consisting of the 6th ISlichigan Infantry, two small companies of 127th New York, 
one company 14th Maine, and one company 24th Maine. 

" The embarkation was made in the midst of a terrible storm of wind and rain, which 
delayed us very much. I now directed Colonel Smith to proceed up the railroad to within 
three miles of Ponehatoula, take position, and hold the pass until he heard the signal of 
attack from me at Wadesboro Landing, wlien he was to advance and form a junction with 
me at Ponehatoula. 1 then proceeded with the main body of the troops up the Tickt'aw 
river and Ponehatoula creek, to "Wadesboro Landing, three miles from Ponehatoula. 
Owing to the great difficulty of navigation in the creek, from its extremely tortuous 
course, we did not arrive at Wadesboro until about noon of the 24th. I immediately de- 
barked the troops, threw out skii-mishers, and advanced toward Ponehatoula. About a 
half mile from the landing we found the enemy's skirmishers in strong force; and believing 
from the number of skirmishers that the enemy were in stronger force than we had sup- 
posed, immediately formed in line of battle and advanced, three companies ahead skir- 
mishing. We drove them steadily before us, the main body never coming within range of 
their fire, into and through Ponehatoula. 

" I immediately sent four companies, under command of Captain Trask, 14th Maine, to 
the bridge across Ponehatoula creek, two miles above Ponehatoula, and dispatched a 
messenger to Colonel Smith to inform him that we occupied the town. Colonel Smith's 
regiment arrived about 3 P. M. He had a sharp skii-mish, losing three men wounded, but 
drove the enemy before him. 

"The enemy made a slight stand at the bridge, and I sent up four companies, under 
Colonel Bacon, to make the work sure. They destroyed that bridge and also a smaller 
one a mile this side. Having accomplished the object of the expedition thus far, and 
believing that the village of Ponehatoula could not be held against forces greater than my 
own, I ordered the schooners and gunboat in Ponehatoula creek to the North Pass, and 
fell back, on the afternoon of the 2oth, to a point three mUes south of Ponehatoula, on the 
railroa.d, with the main body of my command, leaving six companies at Ponehatoula, under 
Major Clark, 6th Michigan, as picket and provost guard, with orders to fall back on the 
main body in case of attack. I here erected a small battery of railroad iron and mounted 
one of the field pieces in charge of the detachment of the 9th Connecticut. On the even- 
ing of the 26th the enemy appeared in strong force and attacked our pickets at Poneha- 
toula, the pickets immediately retiring to the main body at the point spoken of. No filing 
took place after the skirmishers retreated. As far as we can learn they have a force 
consisting of two thousand infantry, three hundred cavalry, and two twelve-pounder field 
pieces. 

"The points occupied by us could have been easily held against this force, but owing to 
the difficulty of getting rations for the troops up from the pass, I determined to fall back 
to the bend in the railroad, about eight miles this side of Ponehatoula, and did so last 
night, where I now am. I am erectmg a small battery at this point. I forgot to mention 
that on our arrival at Wadesboro Landing we found the schooner 'L. H. Davis' in flames. 
Wo also found two sciiooners loaded with cotton. 

"Wo iiave captured some twelve prisoners, which have been sent to New Orleans. 
Owing to tlie very bad weather, the march over the trestlework from Kenner was not only 
•difllcult but dangerous, and many of our men were compelled to fall out, by means of 
-of hurts received by falling tlirough the trestlework. The skirmish on the 24th was con- 
ducted by Captains Grillin, Conii)any A, Montgomery, Company H, and Lieutenant 
Dickey, Company E, 6th Michigan, who bore themselves admirably; and on the afternoon 
of the 26th by Company D, 6th Michigan, under Lieutenant Mcllvane, and Company K, 
under Cai)tain Chapman, and Company F, 165th New York, Captain Thorp; the whole 
under comuuind of Major Clarke, 6tli Michigan, and tlio pickets were brought in in good 
shui)e. 

"Ifcol very much obliged to Lieutenant Colonel Smith for his hearty and effective 
cooperation throughout the entire expedition. Lieutenant C. W. Stone, Quartermaster of 
the o.xpediLlon, lui.s labored earnestly and efficiently, and accomphshed a great deal with 
very few facilities. 



1 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 265 

"I cannot close this report without returning my thanks for the assistance rendered me 
by Captain Perce of your staff, during his stay with me. He was continually by niy side, 
ready to assist me in every possible way. Captain Bailey also rendered me valuable ser- 
vice in the erection of breastworks. 

" My total loss is nine wounded, while the enemy's is reported at three killed and eleven 
wounded. " 

The regimeut was also engaged with the enemy at Amite river, April 7th, 
1863, at Tickfaw river on the 12th, and agaiu at Amite river ou the 12th of 
May. On the 12th the 6th made a raid up the Jaclcson railroad, destroying 
tlie enemy's camp at Puugipalio, capturing CO prisoners, burning two bridges, 
a large gun-carriage factory, a shoe factory, and a tannery used by the rebel 
authorities, the value of this property being estimated at upwards of $400,000. 
The loss of the regiment in this affair was only one wounded. 

The 6th returned to New Orleans, and on the 21st of May took steamers as 
a part of the forces of General Banks, intended to operate against Port Hud- 
sou, arriving on the 23d in front of that place. 

Colonel Clark in a report thus mentions a part of the services of his regi- 
ment: 

" On the 23d of May, 1863, arriving before that stronghold the regiment was placed in 
the most advanced position, and maintained it until the surrender, on the 9th of July. 
During the seige of this formidable place, it participated in three desperate assaults upon 
its works. In the assault of the 27th of May, the regiment, under my command, led the 
division of General T. W. Sherman, and lost more than one-third of the men it had 
engaged, including Lieutenant Fred. T. Clark, who fell while gallantly leading company 
D to the charge. In this affair Captain Montgomery led a forlorn hope of 200 volunteers 
belonging to the regiment. An assault was made on the 14th of June, when the 6th, 
then commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Bacon (I having command of the brigade), 
advanced by detachments. The leading detachment, commanded by Captain John Cor- 
don, one by Captain Stark following, with the balance of the regiment bringing up the 
rear. On the 2yth of June the regiment, then commanded by Captain Cordon, again 
advanced to the assault, when 35 of the regiment, composing a forlorn hope, assailed the 
enemy's works at the point known as the Citadel. The party succeeded in gaining the 
ditch, but were overpowered and driven back with a loss of eight killed and nine wounded. 
Among the killed was Sergeant Madison 0. "Walker, who led the detachment." 

Private Charles Dustin, of company F, from Dundee, Mich., having suc- 
ceeded by a desperate act of bravery in getting over the ditch and reaching 
inside the enemy's works, brought out at the point of the bayonet a rebel 
captain, turning him over to the commanding officer as a prisoner of war. 

Mr. Greeley, in his reliable " American Coullicc," says of the operations at 
Port Hudson, May 27, 1863 : 

" Never was fighting more heroic than that of our army assailing nearly equal numbers 
behuid strong defenses, approached only through almost impassable abatin, swept by rebel 
sheh and grape. If valor could have triumphed over such odds, they would have canned 
the works, but only abject cowardice or pitiable imbecUity could have lost such a position 
to so small an army; and the rebels also fought well." 

In the valuable work, the "American Encyclopedia," is found the following 
notice of the same affair: 

" At 2 o'clock A. M. (27th) an assault was commenced on the works on the center and 
left of the center by the divisions under General Augur and Brigadier General Sherman 
(T. W.). The enemy was driven into his worke and the Federal troops moved up to the 
fortifications, holding the opposite side of the parapet with the enemy." 

At the seige of Port Hudson the 6th was under the command of General 
T. W. Sherman, so prominently engaged on May 27th, and which consisted of 
the 6th Michigan, 2d (Duryeas) Zouaves, 128th and 147th regiments New 
34 



266 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

York Infantry, with the 26th Connecticut Infantry, and 21st Indiana and 
2d Vermont Batteries. 

An officer serving at the time with the rebel army in Port Hudson, in his 
diary, says of that day's work: 

" About 9 o'clock in the morning the attack was made in the woods on Colonel Stead- 
man's (rebel) center, and upon the line of fortifications on General Beall's right. The 
latter attack, that of Sherman's brigade, was the most imposing in appearance. Emerg- 
ing from the woods at the distance of about four hundred yards from our breastworks, 
the Zouave regiment charged in line of battle across an open field. The gay colors of 
their uniforms contrasted brilliantly with the green and sombre shades of the trees and 
field, making a fine mark for our fire. As soon as they appeared in sight our artillery 
opened on them with sperical case, many of them bursting right in their ranks, but the 
gaps were quickly closed up, and they came on in splendid style. As they lessened the 
distance, our gunners substituted grape for shrapnell, and when they finally came within 
one hundred and fifty yards our guns were double charged with canister, and, the infantry 
receiving the order at the same time to fire, the field was swept with a storm of musket 
balls and grape shot. 

"The advancing line of Zouaves wavered and then halted, while they were dropping 
from the ranks, mown doAvn by our deadly fire, which now became an incessant rattle of 
musketry, intermingled with rapid discharges of canister from the guns. 

"The Zouaves, alter wavering for a while in indecision, finally broke and scattered, 
most of the men throwing themselves flat on the ground behind stumps, logs, and 
inequalities of the ground, where they now commenced sharpshooting. * * * 

"As soon as the Zouaves broke, Sherman's brigade came out of the woods in column, 
and deployed to the right and left in hne of battle, as prettily as if they were on drill. 
Our artillerists again had recourse to shell and shrapnell, and the infantry opened on this 
advance sooner than before. Their charge was a good one, and had the advantage of the 
Zouave line of sharpshooters, some of whom were within a hundred yards of our works, 
and whose minie balls were whistling over our parapet. 

"But our men, though opposed by an enemy ten times their number, kept up a wither- 
ing fire, and after the brigade had approached a little nearer than the Zouaves had done, 
it finally hesitated and wavered. At this sure precursor to a repulse our boys sent up a 
shout of triumph for the victory they now saw certain. The enemy's officers and many 
of the men ran ahead of the hne and urged the others on, but in vain; their confidence 
in tlienisclves was gone. Some of them, in the hopes of inspiring others, started a cheer, 
but it died away in a weakly strain, and the rear rank giving way, the front rank turned 
also, and the wliole force made for the woods to the sound of our ringing cheers. At the 
woods they rallied, and re-forming their line under our artillery fire they again charged. 
It was useless; we knew that troops we had once driven back so far would not succeed 
on a second trial under similar circumstances. After coming within fifty or sixty yards 
of where they first broke, they wavered again and speedily broke and ran, thoroughly 
defeated." 

Lieutenant Colonel Charles E. Clarke, in a report made since the war, says 
of his regiment on the 27th of May : 

" * ■* * That part of the line in which the 6th was posted advanced to the attack 
over a plain some half mile in width, which afforded no shelter from the murderous fire of 
the artillery and musketry poured into our ranks from behind the impregnable earth- 
works. The attack, of course, was unsuccessful, but the gallantry with which our men 
marched against tlie furious storm of shot, and the number of those left dead on that 
fatal field proves of what stuff they were made, and that they did all that men could do. " 
•♦*»••••• 

From a correspondent: 

^ "No more desperate fighting has ever taken place than that of the division of General 
Sherman yestenlay in the attack upon the right of the enemy's position. Our men faced 
a Btorni of iron and leatl that was hurled against them as if it had always been their busi- 
nosB to do so. They moved steadily forwaid under the most murderous fire of shot, 
shell, grape, canister, and musketry, with a steadiness that was surprising. The 6th 
Michigan Infantry and the r.2Htli New York carried the enemy's works at the point of the 
bayonet, but they were compelled to give way, for the enemy had massed his troops here, 
and It became necchbury for our glorious fellows to fall back before overwhelming num- 
boru. Not much ground was lost, however; we only failed to maintain our position within 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 2G7 

the main works. The 2d Eegiment Louisiana Native Guard, Colonel Neilson, were in 
this charge; they went on in the advance, and when they came out six out of nine hun- 
dred men could not be accounted for. It is said on every side that they fought with the 
desperation of tigers. One negro was observed with a rebel soldier in his giasp, tearing 
the flesh from his face with his teeth, other weapons having failed him. After firing one 
volley they did not deign to load again, but went in with bayonets, and wherever they 
had a chance it was all up with the rebels. Although wo gained much ground and held it, 
still the principal object of this attack was not accomplished, namely, getting possession, 
of and holding the batteries on the enemy's right. The charge cost us heavUy in killed 
and wounded. General Sherman led the attack in person and fell severely wounded in 
the leg. General Neal Dow was also wounded. The 6th Michigan and 128th New York 
have each lost about half their effective men, and the other regiments have suffered 
severely. 

The regiment having received the thanks of General Banks for gallant and 
efficient service during the siege, was by his order, on July 10th, 18G3, converted 
into a regiment of heavy artillery, on account of faithful and valuable services, 
" to retain, until otherwise officially designated, its infantry number, and to 
have the organization, pay, clothing, and equipment prescribed by law and 
regulations for troops of the artillery arm;" and on the 30th of July this order 
was approved by the Secretary of War. 

After the siege of Port Hudson, and while the regiment was stationed there, 
it was rumored that \i was to be transferred to service in some of the armies 
serving farther north. Colonel Clark, who was then in the north, wrote to 
General Butler, requesting that if the regiment was to be transferred it might 
be assigned to his command, to which he received the following reply: 

Headqtjaeteks Depaktment of Viegikia akd Noeth Caeolina, } 

Fort Monroe, January 2S, 1864. J 

Colonel Thomas S. Clark, Commanding 6th Michigan Volunteers: 

Colonel, — In reply to your favor of the 24th inst., the commanding general directs 
me to inform you that he has forwarded it to the Secretary of War, with the following 
indorsement: 

" Respectfully forwarded to the Honorable Secretary of War with the i-cqucst that if 
the Gth Michigan volunteers is to be relieved it may be assigned to my command, as I 
have the highest respect for officers and men who have displayed distinguished gallantly 
and efficiency. 

B. F. BUTLER, 
"Major General Commanding." 
I have the honor to be. Colonel, your obedient servant, 

A. F. PUFFER, 
Captain and A. D. C. 

The regiment was stationed at Port Hudson, La., until the 11th of March, 
1864, where 247 reenlisted, being a sufficient number of veterans to preserve 
the organization. It started for Michigan in command of Colonel Edward 
Bacon. The regiment arrived at Kalamazoo, where it was furloughed for 
thirty days. Having again assembled at Kalamazoo, it returned to Port 
Hudson, where it arrived on the 11th of May, with a very large number ot 
recruits enlisted while in Michigan. On the 6th of June the regiment was 
ordered to Morganzia to serve as infantry where it remained until the 24th of 
June. From Morganzia it proceeded to Vicksburg, Miss., where it served 
with the engineer brigade. Leaving Vicksburg July 23 it moved to the moutli 
of the White river, and thence to St. Charles, Ark., where it was attached to 
a regiment of infantry. A detachment of the regiment, while on a transport 
en route from Vicksburg to White river, was attacked near Ashton, Ark., on 
the 24th by a rebel battery, losing two killed and a number wounded. 
Kemaiuing but a short time at St. Charles, the regiment again returned to 



268 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

Morgan zia where for a time it was employed as engineers, but soon after its 
arrival it was ordered to report to the chief of artillery, and again returned to 
duty as heavy artillery. The regiment was present at the bombardment and 
surrender of Fort Morgan, Ala., but arrived too late to participate. -'On the 
1st of October, 1864, portions of the regiment were stationed respectively at 
Forts Gaines and Morgan in Mobile Bay. 

Almost the entire service of this regiment, during the war, has been rendered 
in the extreme southern States, and on the 1st of November, 1864, it was sta- 
tioned in Alabama, commanded by Colonel Charles E. Clark, and garrisoned, 
with its headquarters and Companies A, B, D, G, and K, Fort Morgan, and 
Fort Gaines, Dauphine Island, Mobile bay, with Companies C, E, F, H, and 
I. Companies B, C, E, F, and H were detached on the 23d of December, 
and joined an expedition under Major General Gordon Granger to operate from 
Pensacola against Mobile, and were temporarily attached as infantry to the 
brigade of General Bertram, which led the advance, and so remained until the 
campaign was advanced from Mobile Point and Pensacola on the 37th of Janu- 
ary, 1865, when Bertram's command made a heavy demonstration on Mobile, the 
whole command being recalled at night and hurriedly transferred to the ad- 
vancing force from the east, the detached companies of this regiment being 
ordered to their former stations in Forts Morgan and Gaines. On the 31st of 
March Companies A and K were detached from the command at Fort Morgan 
and ordered to the front to report to General Granger, and were each equipped 
with a battery of ten-inch mortars, and on their arrival at the front were 
ordered into position under the guns of Spanish Fort; there they did very 
fine execution at a range of 1,400 yards. After the fort was taken, these com- 
panies were ordered to man and turn the heavy captured guns, consisting of 
7-inch Brooks's rifled and 100 pound Parrotts, on the rebel Forts Huger and 
and Tracy, and with them performed good service until all the enemy's works 
wiihin range were reduced, and Mobile surrendered. On the 10th of April, 
Company B was ordered to the front at Navy Cove, for picket duty, and Com- 
pany E assigned to garrison Fort Powell, where they remained until the regi- 
ment was ordered to report to Major General Sheridan. Companies A and K, 
which had been for some time on duty at Spanish Fort, rejoined the garrison 
of Fort Morgan on the 20th, and the location of the regiment remained un- 
changed until July 9th, when it took steamers for New Orleans, with orders to 
rej)ort to Major General Sheridan, where it arrived on the 11th, and encamped 
at Greenville; four miles above the city. There it was furnished with new 
camp C'qui])age and wagon train, and put in condition for service in Texas, but 
on liio 5th ol August orders were received for its muster-out, which was accom- 
plished on the 2utii, and on the 23d the regiment, in command of Colonel 
Chas. E. Clark, started for Michigan, proceeding by steamer to Cairo, where 
it arrived on the 28ih, and thence by rail to Jackson, Michigan, arriving there 
on the 3Uth, and on the 5th of September it was paid off and discharged. 

The regiment during its term of service met the enemy at Sewell's Point, 
Vu., March 5, 1802; Fort Jackson, Jja., April 25, 1862; Vicksburg, Miss., 
May 20, 1862; Grand Gulf, Miss., May 27, 1862; Amite Kiver, Miss., June 
20, 1862; J'.aton Kuugo, jjii., August 5 and 17, 1862; Bayou Teche, La., Jan- 
uary 14, 1863; I'onciiutoula, La., March 24,25, and 26, 1863; Barataria, La., 
Ai)ril 7, 1863; 'J'ickfaw Kiver, La., April 12, 1863; Amite Kiver, Miss., May 
7, 1863; Poncliatoula, La., May 16, J863; Siege of Port Hudson, May 23 to 
July 8, 1863; Tunica Bayou, La., November 8, 1863; Ashton, Ark., July 24, 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 269 

1864; Fort Morgan, Ala., August 23d, 1864; Spanish Fort, Ala., April, 1865; 
Fort Blakely, Ala., April, 1865; Fort Huger, Ala., April, 1865; Fort Tracey, 
Ala., April, 1865; siege of Mobile, Ala., from March 20 to April 12, 1865. 

The total enrollment of the 6th was 1,957 officers and men, its losses being 
542, of which 2 officers and 43 men were killed in action; died of wounds, 21 
men, and of disease 6 officers and 470 men, being 542 of a total. 

" By the flow of the inland river, 

Whence the fleets of iron have fled, 

Where the blades of grave grass quiver, 

Asleep are the ranks of the dead." 

Note. — From the Kebellion Kecord: "An officer with Banks's army relates, in a private 
letter, an incident which occurred during a temporary truce at Port Hudson, on the 27th 
of May. He availed himself of the opportunity thus afforded to ride up to the rebel 
works as close as he could, to get a good view of them, when he saw a regiment of the 
enemy throw down their arms, and heard them give three cheers and exclaim, ' We sur- 
render!' The rebel officers at once approached them, and, with drawn swords and pistols, 
overpowered and controlled them, and compelled them to take up their arms and resume 
theu- position." 



SEVENTH REGIMENT INFANTRY. 



•' strike till the last armed foe expires, 
Strilie for your altars and your fires, 
Strike for the green graves of your sires, 
God and your native land." 

The Seventh Regiment was composed of the companies named below. They 
were recruited in the neighborhoods indicated therein, and joined their regi- 
ment at Monroe. On the formation of the regiment they received the follow- 
ing alphabetical designation, and which they assumed in the regiment in place 
of their local names: 

A, Union Guard, Port Huron. B, Curtenius Guard, Mason. C, Jonesville Light Guard, 
Jonesville. D, Monroe Light Guard, Monroe. E, Tuscola Volunteers, Tuscola. F, 

Blair Guard, Farmington. G, Lapeer Guard, Lapeer. H, , Pontiac. I, Prairie - 

ville Kangers, Praiiieviile. K, Burr Oak Bangers, Burr Oak. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Colonel, Ira R. Grosvenor, Monroe. Lieutenant Colonel, Frazey M. Winans, Monroe. 
Major, Katlianiel B. Eldridge, Lapeer. Surgeon, Bolivar Barnum, Schoolcraft. Assistant 
Surgeon, Cyrus Bacon, Detroit. Adjutant, Henry B. Landon, Monroe. Quartermaster, 
Charles M. Walker, Lapeer. Chaplain, , . 

A. Captain, Thomas H. Hunt, Port Huron. Frrst Lieutenant, Charles J. Hunt, Port 
Huron. Second Lieutenant, James Gain, Port Huron. 

B. Captain, Phillip McKernan, Mason. First Lieutenant, , . Second Lieu- 
tenant, John B. Howell, . 

C. Captain, Henry Baxter, Janesvihe. First Lieutenant, Sidney B. Vrooman, Jones- 
ville. Second Lieutenant, WiUiam W. Wade, Jonesville. 

D. Captain, James Darrah, Monroe. First Lieutenant, Sylvanus W. Curtis, Monroe. 
Second Lieutenant, Henry B. Landon, Monroe. 

E. Captain, John H. Kichardson, Tuscola. First Lieutenant, Samuel N. Smith, Detroit. 
Second Lieutenant, , . 

F. Captain, John D. Harty, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Henry W. Nail, Detroit. Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, Charles A. McKnight, Detroit. 

G. Captain, James H. Tunill, Lapeer. First Lieutenant, Jacob L. Green, Lapeer. 
Second Lieutenant, Charles M. Wulker, Lapeer. 

H. Captain, Josluia P. Sultoii, Flint. First Lieutenant, Almeron S. Mathews, Flint. 
Second Lieutenant, Cluirles W. Harris, Fluit. 

I. Cai)tain, Bezaicfl W. Lovell, Lapeer. First Lieutenant, Wilham R. Shafter, Gales- 
burg. Second Lieutenant, Elliiuian I'iietteplace, Tuscola. 

K. Captain, Jolui H. AVateiman, Burr Oak. Fust Lieutenant, Allen H. Zacharias, 
Monroe. Second Lieutenant, George H. Laird, Burr Oak. 

The 7th left Monroe for Virginia on ihe 5th of September, 18G1, in com- 
mand of Colonel Grosvenor, it.^^ muster rolls showing the names of 884 officers 
and enlisted men. The regnnent lay on the Uj)per Potomac during the 
winter, and was engaged in the disastrous action at Ball's Bluff, being in Lan- 
der's brigade of Stone's division. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 271 

A few weeks after the 7th reached the front, and while it was stationed on 
the Upper Potomac, near Leesburg, a stand of silk regulation colors was pur- 
chased and given to it by Colonel Grosvenor, commanding. On one of the 
stripes was inscribed the motto, " Tuehor.''^ In July, 18(14, while in the field 
near Petersburg, Corporal Williams brought for the regiment a flag of heavy 
blue silk, trimmed with gold fringe, presented by the ladies of Monroe, on 
which were embroidered the battles of the regiment. It was of rare beauty, 
and on it were also embroidered the State arms, with the motto " luebor," 
surmounted by an eagle with a scroll, on which was inscribed, "Seventh 
Michigan Volunteers." Below the coat of aims was a double scroll, with 
the inscription, "Forlorn Hope of Fredericksburg, Dec. 11, 1802," and 
underneath, "From the ladies of Monroe." 

It followed McClellan to the Peninsula in the spring of 1802, was in the 3d 
brigade, 2d division, 2d corps, and sustained severe loss in the battles of thai 
campaign, being engaged at Yorktown, April 4 to May 5; West Point, Va., 
May 7; Fair Oaks, May 31 to June 1; Peach Orcliard and Savage Station, 
June 29; White Ouk Swamp and Glendale, June 30 ; Malvern Hill. July 1; 
Bull Pun 2d, August 30. 

At Fair Oaks the 7th was in Dana's brigade of Sumner's corps, and towards 
night of that fearful struggle the Confederates were pressing forward with 
great vigor, and the regimoit became heavily engaged in the charge referred 
to in the following notice. 

Lossing says : 

"For a moment the National line was bent and seemed ready to break, but the clear 
voice of Burns calling out 'Steady, men, steady!' gave them such inspiration that they 
broke into loud cheers and held the position firmly. In the face of their terrible volleys 
the Confederates pressed on and charged Brady's battery, whose murderous fire of can- 
ister, poured into their compact ranks, made fearful lanes and sent them back in con- 
fusion to the woods in their i-ear. Undismayed by their repulse and the loss of their 
chief (General Johnston), the Confederates again advanced, just as darkness came on, and 
endeavored to outflank Sumner's right, where General Dana had joined Gorman. After 
fighting heavily for some time Sumner ordered a bayonet charge by five of his regiments. 
This was bravely performed. The regiments leaped two fences between them and their 
foes, rushing upon the Confederate line and broke it into dire confusion." 

Following the battle of Bull Pun, the 7th entered upon the Maryland cam- 
paign, in command of Colonel Norman J. Hall, then a first lieutenant 5th U. 
S. Artillery, a graduate of the Military Academy from Michigan, who had 
been commissioned to the colonelcy of the regiment to rank from July 7th 
preceding, vice Grosvenor, resigned. 

At the battle of Antietam more than half its force engaged was disabled. 
Among the killed were Captain J. H. TurrilJ, Lieutenant J. P. Eberhard, and 
Lieutenant John A. Chirk, while Captain Allen H. Zacharias was mortally 
wounded. 

There was found in the pocket-book of Captain Zacharias a note, dated Fair 
Oaks, June 28th, 1802, and is as follows: 

" Allan Howard Zacharias was born May 15th, 1833, In Clear Spring, Washington 
county, Maryland, and removed with his father to Monroe county, Micliigan, in 1841. 
Graduated A. B. from the University of Michigan, June, 1860. Went to Mississippi In 
September, and became a professor, and in February, 1861, principal of the State Military 
Institute, at Brandon, in that State. Kesigned his position in May and returned to Michi- 
gan, wlien, from a solemn sense of duty, lie enlisted as a corporal, and was promoted first 
lieutenant June 25th, and to a captaincy March 10th, 1862, and was with the regiment at 
Yorktown, West Point, and Fair Oaks, Mav 31st and June 1st. " 



272 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

Upon the other side of the paper was found the following : 
Friend, If you find my body lifeless upon the field, bury it decently, mark its rest- 
ing place, and inform my friends in the regiment and my father. Do this and you shaJl 
be liberally rewarded and have the gratitude of my friends. 

A. H. ZACHARMS, 
Captain Company K, 7th Michigan. 

His lifeless body was not found on the battle-fields of the Peninsula. He 
passed through them all unhurt, but fell at Autietam, in Maryland, his native 
State, and near the spot on which he was born. When found on that bloody 
field he held in his hand an envelope, on which was written as follows : 

To Peter K. Zacharias, Monroe, Michigan: 

Deae Parent, Beothees and Sistees,— I am wounded mortally, I think. The fight 
rages around me. I have done my duty; this is my consolation. I hope to meet you all 
again. I left not the line until nearly all had fallen and colors gone. I am getting weak; 
my arms are free, but below my chest all is numb. The enemy trotting over me, the 
numbness up to my heart. Good-bye, all. 

Your son, ALLEN." 

•' And first came out the thick, thick blood 
And then came out the thin, 
And then came out the bonnie heart's blood — 
There was nae mair within." 

At the capture of Fredericksburg, December 13, while serving in Colonel 
Hall's brigade, it volunteered to dislodge the rebel sharpshooters who were 
impeding the construction of the bridges, crossed the Eappahannock for that 
purpose in small boats, was the first of the Union forces to land on the oppo- 
site bank, and with the aid of a Massachusetts regiment (19th) drove the 
enemy from their hiding places with much slaughter, capturing nearly as many 
prisoners as they numbered themselves. 

The regiment in this gallant affair was commanded by Lieutenant Colonel 
Henry Baxter, who was severely wounded on the occasion while crossing the 
river. Lieutenant Franklin Emery being among the killed. 

Two pontoon bridges had already been built on the extreme left, but it was 
decided that the crossing could not be undertaken until the upper bridges 
were completed, but with them little progress had been made. Half a dozen 
attempts to do so had been repulsed each time with severe loss. The rebel 
sharpshooters, posted in the cellars of houses on the front street, not fifty 
yards from the river, behind stone walls, and in rifle pits, were able to pick off 
with remarkable accuracy any party of engineers venturing on the half com- 
pleted bridges. The case was perfectly clear nothing could be done till they 
were dislodged from their lurking places, 

A corrcPiKjiident says: 

"At 10 o'clock General Burnside gives the order: 'Concentrate the fire of all your 
guns on the city and batter it down!' You may believe they were not loth to obey. In a 
few nioments thirty-five batteries, one hundred and seventy-nine guns, opened on the 
dootiH'd city. It lasted for upwards of an hour without intermission, fifty rounds being 
fired from each gun. 

"The congregated generals were transfixed. Mingled satisfaction and awe was upon 
evoi-y face. But what was tantalizing was, that though a great deal could be heard, 
notliirig could be seen, the city being still enveloped in fog and mist. Only a denser pil- 
lar of nmoko defining itself on the background of the fog, indicated where the town had 
been llred by our shells. Another and another column showed itself, and we presently 
saw that at least a dozen houses must be on fire. 

" Towards noon the curtain rolled up and we saw that it was indeed so. Fredericksburg' 
waa Ui connagration. Tremendous though this fire had been and terrific though its effect 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 273 

obviously was on the town, it had not accomplished the object intended. It was found by 
our gunners almost impossible to obtain a sufficient depression of their pieces to shell the 
front part of the city, and the rebel sharpshooters were still comparatively safe behind 
the thick stone walls of the houses. 

"During the thick of the bombardment a fresh attempt had been made to complete the 
bridge. It failed, and evidently nothing could be done till a party could be thrown over 
to clean out rebels, and cover the bridge head. For this mission General Burnside called 
for volunteers, and Colonel Hall (7th Jlichigan), of Fort Sumter fame, immediately res- 
ponded that he had a brigade that would do the business. Accordingly the 7th Michigan 
and 19th Massachusetts, two small regiments, numbering in all about four hundred men, 
were selected for the purpose. 

' ' The plan was, that they should take the pontoon boats of the first bridge, of which 
there were ten lying on the bank of the river, waiting to be added to the half finished 
bridge, cross over in them, and landing, drive out the rebels. 

"Nothing could be more admirable or more gallant than the execution of this daring 
feat. Rushing down the steep banks of the river, the party found temporary shelter be- 
hind the pontoon boats lying scattered on the bank, and behind the piles of planking des- 
tined for the covering of the bridge, behind rocks, etc. In this situation they acted some 
fifteen or twenty minutes as sharpshooters, they and the rebels obsen-ing each other. In 
the meantime new and vigorous artillery firing was commenced on our part, and just 33 
soon as this was fairly developed, the 7th Michigan rose from their crouching places, 
rushed for the pontoon boats, and pushing them into the water, rapidly filled them with 
twenty-five or thii'ty each. 

"The first boat pushes off. Now, if ever, is the rebels' opportunity. Crack! crack! 
crack! from fifty lurking places go rebel rifles at the gallant fellows, who, stooping low in 
the boat, seek to avoid the fire. The murderous work was well done. Lustily, however, 
pull the oarsmen. Having passed the middle of the stream, the boat and its gallant 
freight come under cover of the opposite bluffs. 

"Another and another boat follows. Now is their opportunity. Nothing could be more 
amusing in its way than the result. Instantly they see a new turn of affairs. The rebels 
pop up by the hundred, like so many rats, from every cellar, rifle pit, and stone wall, and 
scamper off up the streets of the town. With aU their fleetness, however, many of them 
were much too slow. With incredible rapidity the Michigan and Massachusetts boys 
sweep up the hill, making a rush for the lurking places occupied by the rebels, and gaining 
them, each man capturing his two or three prisoners. The pontoon boats on their return 
tiip took over more than a hundred of these fellows. 

" You can imagine with what intense interest the crossing of the first boat load of our 
men was watched by the numerous spectators on the shore, and with what enthusiastic 
shouts their landing on the opposite was greeted. It was an authentic piece of human 
heroism, which moves men as nothing else can. The problem was solved. This flash of 
bravery had done what scores of batteries and tons of metal had failed to accomplish. 
The country will not forget that little band." 

The following is a report of Major Thos. H. Hunt, commanding regiment: 

" On the morning of the 11th we were in line at daybreak, and marched between three 
and four miles to the Lacey House, which stands on the bank of the Rappahannock, 
directly opposite Fredericksburg. On arriving there wa found that the Engineer Corps, 
which had been laying the pontoon bridge during the night, and had succeeded in getting 
it about two-thirds of the way across, had since that time been continually fired upon Sy 
the rebel sharpshooters, who were concealed in the houses and cellars along the opposite 
bank, and who kiUed and wounded so many of the workmen that they were forced to 
abandon the bridge. At this juncture we were ordered to deploy as skirmishers along the 
edge of the bank and below the bridge. This we did, and opened our fire at will 
against the enemy on the opposite side, but under the protection of brick houses, 
cellars, and rifle-pits he could laugh at us with impunity. One hunc'.red and forty pieces 
of artillery were then opened upon this part of the town, but could not dislodge them. 
The attempt was again made to put down the bridge but again failed. General Bumside 
then proposed that a party of volunteers be made up to cross in the boats and dis- 
lodge them. Our Colonel (Hall), now commanding brigade, told General Burnside that 
he had a regiment that would volunteer to cross, and made us the offer, which was 
promptly accepted. Arrangements were made that the men of the Engineer Corps should 
man the boats and row us over. We placed our men along the banks of the river at 
proper intervals, so that they could take the boats quickly when all was ready, and after 
waiting about half an hour Ave were told that the ollicers of the Engineer Corps could by 
no means induce their men to undertake the job. The proposition was then made that we 



274 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

man the boats ourselves. This proposition we also accepted, and at a given si^al the 
men rushed to the boats, carried them to the water, jumped into them, and pushed gal- 
lantly out into the stream amidst a shower of bullets from the enemy which killed and 
wounded a great number of our men. Among the latter was Lieutenant Colonel Baxter, 
and here the command devolved upon me. The regiment charged gallantly up tHe ascent, 
taking possession of the rifle-pits and buildings, also capturing thirty-five prisoners. 
During this affair we lost five killed and sixteen wounded. It was said by the many thou- 
sands who witnessed this feat that it was the most gallant of the war, and I feel that our 
State should have the credit due her. I should not close without stating that the 19th 
and 20th Massachusetts came to our support as soon as they possibly could, and we held 
tlie ground until the pontoon bridge was finished and this wing of the army crossed, and 
did not ourselves recross again until the night of the 15th instant." 

" Home of my heart, I sing of thee, 

Michigan, my Michigan; 
Thy lake-bound shores I long to see, 

Michigan, my Michigan. 
From Saginaw's tall whispering pines 
To Lake Superior's farthest mines, 
Fair in the light of mem'ry shines 

Michigan, my Michigan. 

*• Dark rolled the Rappahannock's flood, 
Michigan, my Michigan; 
The tide was crimsoned with thy blood, 

Michigan, my Michigan. 
Although for us the day was lost, 
Yet it shall be our proudest boast, 
^ . At Fredericksburg our Seventh crossed, 

Michigan, my Michigan. 

" With General Meade's victorious luune, 
' Michigan, my Michigan, 

Tliy sons still onward march to fame, 

Michigan, my Michigan. 
And foremost in the fight you'll see, 
Where'er the bravest dare to be, 
The sabres of our cavalry, 

Michigan, my Michigan. 

" When weary watching traitor foes, 

Michigan, my Michigan. 
The welcome night brings sweet repose, 

Michigan, my Michigan, 
The soldier, weary from the fight, 
Sleeps sound, nor fears the rebels' might. 
For ' Michigan's on guakd to-night !' 

Michigan, my Michigan. 

' *' And when the happy day shall come, 

Michigan, my Michigan, 
That brings tin- war-worn heroes home, 

Michigan, my Michigan, 
What welcome Irom thy own proud shore, 
What honors at their feot thou'lt pour, — 
What tears for those who come no more, 

Michigan, my Micliigan." 

From a report of General Thos. F. Meagher: 

• «*i» * m m t * 

" A few nioraonts after 4 o'cloclc P. M. word was conveyed to me that a gallant body of 
voluiitoors liatl crossed the livor in boats and taken possession of Fredericlcsburg. The 
Stut(3 of Michigan fairly reserves to herself the largest measure of pride justified by this 
achiovoment." 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 275 

After the first battle of Fredericksburg the 7th returned to its former 
quarters on the north bank of the Kappaliannock. On the 25th of January, 
1863, it was ordered into Falmouth, wliere it did duty as provost guard until 
May 3d, when, in command of Lieutenant Colonel A. E. Steele, it again 
crossed over to Fredericksburg. It was not actively engaged in the second 
battle of Fredericksburg, which occurred at this date, though being for some 
time under the fire of the enemy's artillery, it sustained a loss of ten ia 
wounded, and was also engaged at Chancellorsville and LLaymarket. 

Engaging with the Army of the Potomac in the Pennsylvania campaign the 
7th underwent the laborious and forced marches by which it was marked, ren- 
dered more arduous by the intense heat of the weather. "On the 27th of 
June the regiment was detailed as wagon guard at 7f A. M., marched by a 
circuitous route to near Urbana, Md., where it halted at 3 A. M. on the 2btli, 
a distance said by citizens to have been 37 miles; on the 28th it marched six 
miles to Monocaoy; on the 29th it marched at 9 A. M., and reached Union- 
town at 9 P. M., 32 miles in 12 hours;" thus, in three days marciiing 75 
miles. The regiment arj'ived on the field at Gettysburg on the 2d of July and 
was immediately sent to the front on Cemetery Hill, having 14 officers and 151 
men. It occupied the same position until the close of the battle on the 3d. 
The loss of the regiment at Gettysburg was 21 killed (among whom was its 
commanding officer, Lieutenant Colonel Amos E. Steele), and 44 wounded, 
including among the killed Lieutenant Alljert Shifter. The 4th of July was 
occupied in burying the dead, caring for the wounded, and in issuing rations 
to the men who had been without rations for two days. 

The 7th having been heavily engaged at Gettysburg, the following report of 
Major Curtis, who succeeded to the command after the death of Colonel Steele, 
is inserted to show in detail the part taken by the regiment in that important 
battle : 

" On the evening of the first day of July this regiment, under the command of Lieu- 
tenant Colonel Steele, reached a point some four miles south of Gettysburg, Pa., and 
formed in Hne a short distance to the left of the road, and extending into the woods on 
the southern slope of a high and conical hill. Immediately alter arrixiiig in position 
pickets were thrown out on the left flank, and a breastwork made of some rails lying 
near our line. The men then prepared and ate their suppers and lay on their arms. At 
6 A. M. on the next day it marched on the Gettysburg road to a point on Cemetery Hill, 
near the center of our line of battle. Here this regiment, with the 5'Jth New York, was 
ordered forward to the front to support a battery. We were posted about 150 yards to 
the left of the summit of the hill, about two acres of which was covered with a dense 
gi'owth of small oaks; our left rested on the battery, our right was partially concealed 
by a cluster of small trees and shrubs. We had then present fourteen officers and one 
hundred and lifty-one muskets. Immediately on getting into position barricades were 
made of rails, and partially screened from observation by bushes. Skirmishuig com- 
menced in front of us immediately after getting into position, and continued until 4.15 P. 
M., wlien the enemy's artillery opened upon us, and a general artillery duel soon com- 
menced, and continued without intermission until 5 P. M., wiien the fire slackened, and 
their infantry columns were seen advancing on our line. They succeeded in passing 
through between the guns of the battery on our left, driving the gunners from their 
posts. The line on our left gave way, and our fiank was almost turned, but the enemy's 
line was fast melting away under the scathing lire of our men, who remained unflinch- 
ingly at their posts, and they soon retired in utter confusion, leaving a large number of 
dead and wounded. 

" They also left in front of us three stands of colors, which wore picked up by other 
regiments who followed them up. A large number of prisoners fell into our hands, aod 
were immediately sent to the rear, among them one colonel sliglitly wounded in one of 
his fingers, and several minor officers. This ended the fight for tiie clay, and liie men 
lay down supperless about 10 o'clock to obtain what rest they could. Our loss was nine 
killed and ten wounded. At daylight on the 3d the enemy again opened a furious cannon- 
ade, but did us no harm, their lire being principally directed to the aitillery on either side 



276 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

of us. This continued until about nine o'cloclf , when all became quiet, except a desultory 
fire from pickets and sharpshooters on both sides. About half past 10 all firing ceased 
until 1 P. M., when the enemy fired a signal gun from the right of their line, which was 
instantly followed by the roar of all their artillery, which had been massed in the edge of 
the woods opposite us in such a manner as to bring this regiment nearly in the^center of 
their fire. Owing to our pecuUar situation in regard to their fire, not as much damage 
was done as would naturally be expected from such a storm of missiles. Nearly all the 
shot and shell struck in front and ricochetted over us or passed over us and burst in our 
rear. This continued until i P. M., when their infantry columns were seen advancing. 
Orders were given the men to reserve their fire until the enemy was within short range. 
They soon came within a very short distance and our fire was opened on them with terrible 
effect, mowing them down by scores; still they came on till within a few yards of us, 
when the order was given to fix bayonets. The men expressed a determination to hold 
their works at all hazards. Many of the enemy at this time crawled on their hands and 
feet under the sheet of fire, and coming up to our lines, surrendered themselves prisoners. 
The enemy soon finding our fire too hot for them moved by the left flank and joined in 
the assault upon the crest of the hill, driving our line from their position. At this time 
Colonel Steele received an order to form the regiment nearly at right angles to its then 
position, with the intention of attacking the enemy's right flank, which had become 
exposed. Owing to the great noise the order was not understood by any except those 
nearest Colonel Steele. The rest of the officers, seeing the men, as they supposed, 
retreatmg, made all efforts to rally them. A part of them came back, the remainder kept 
on with Colonel Steele, who advanced with them to the crest of the hill, when he fell, 
instantly killed with a bullet through his brain. The greater part of the regiment 
remamed in their works, and did great execution by a well directed fire upon the flanks of 
the enemy. The field was soon won, the enemy flying in great disorder. A great 
number of prisoners were taken and a large amount of small arms, ammunition, etc., 
were left upon the field. The men by this time had become very much exhausted from 
previous long marches, constant watchfulness, and having been destitute of food nearly 
two days, yet all were cheerful and worked during the night to improve their breast- 
works in anticipation of an attack next morning. Though but one spade could be 
obtained the rails were nearly covei-ed with earth by daylight. Most of the men 
worked till late in the night in bringing in and caring for the wounded. Our loss was 12 
killed and 31 wounded, making the loss in both actions 21 killed and 44 wounded. The 
disproportionate number of killed arose from the fact that the men were partially pro- 
tected by the breastworks of rails, and the greater part of those hit by the missiles of 
the enemy were hit in the head and upper part of the body. The 4th was spent in 
burying tiie dead, gathering up tlie arms left on the field, and taking care of the 
wounded. Too much cannot be said in praise of the conduct of both officers and men. 
Where all did their duty to the fullest extent, it would seem invidious to particularize. 
One instance deserves mention, not only for the bravery of the soldier, but for the das- 
tardly conduct of the officer concerned. Private William Demming, of Company I, had 
shot a n^bel color-bearer during the assault on the crest of the hill and taken the color 
froKi liiiii. While loading his piece with the flag by his side, a colonel rode up to him, and 
menacing him with his sabre forced the color from him, even threatening to cut him down 
if he did not give it up. I regret to say that it was impossible to identify the officer 
alluded to. The act was witnessed by several who stood near." 

On the 5th of July the regiment joined in the pursuit of the rebels to Fall- 
ing Waters, thence to Harper's Perry, across the Potomac and Shenandoah, 
throii;;h the Loudon Valley to Manassas Gaj), and had been engaged at Falling 
Waters. On the 20tii of August it sailed from Alexandria for New York 
harbor. Kemaining in tlie vicinity of New York during the progress of 
the draft, on the 7Lh of September it rciimbarked for Alexandria, wiience it 
proceeded to rejoin the Army of the Potomac near Culpepper. September 17th 
it marched to Summerville Ford and engaged in the performance of picket 
duty until OctolKir Gth, the detail being one-lialf of the regiment each day. One 
ollieer and a sergeant were wounded wiiile on ))icket at this station. The 7tb 
partieipateil in tiie movements of the Army of the Potomac in October, 
constcpient upon the advance of the rebel army, and was in the action at Bnsto 
Station on tiie 14th, with the loss of one oUicer and eight men wounded. 

Major Curtis says in a, report of that affair: 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. '^77 

" About 4 P. M. on the lith instant, while this regiment was marchinsr at the rear of 
the brigade and when within a siiort distance of Bristo Station on the Oranfre and Alexan- 
dria railroad, picket firmg was heard on our left flank. This regiment was ordered to be 
deployed as skirmishers to cover our left flank and rear. Soon after deploying, a force of 
infantry was discovered marching in the same direction some fifty rods on our left. The 
enemy soon opened fire on us, and we fell back to the railroad. At this time a brigade of 
the 3d division came up and occupied the same ground which we then held. The enemy 
were advancing with an evident determination to obtain possession of the line of railroad, 
and soon exposed their right flank. At this time we opened upon them with a right 
oblique fire, and were soon ordered to charge upon them, by General Hays, commanding 
the 3d division, and they soon fell back in disorder. We then advanced toward the left of 
tlie hill upon which their batteries were posted until we arrived at a ravine lying across 
our course and upon the opposite side of which we found the enemy drawn up in line of 
battle. We opened fire upon them and soon drove them from their position, which we 
held until ordered to fall back to the railroad, where I rallied the regiment and took a 
position in line with a portion of the 3d division, by order of General Hays, which position 
we held until about 8 P. M., when I was ordered to join the brigade and soon after marched 
with it in the direction of Centreville." 

The 1st of November, 1863, found this regiment, in command of Major 
Curtis, encamped near Warrenton, Vii'giuia. On the 7th it broke camp and 
participated in the advance of the army. On the 8th it crossed the Rappahan- 
nock river, and on the 9th reached Mountain run, where it encamped. Taking 
part, with its corps, in the movement on the enemy's works at Mine Run on 
the 2Gth, the regiment crossed theRapidan atGermania Ford, and on the 27th 
marched to Robertson's tavern, skirmishing as it advanced and losing two in 
wounded. On the 28th it was engaged in skirmishing with the enemy during 
the march to Mine Run, losing three men wounded. On the ^Oth, while ad- 
vancing toward tlie enemy's works on " Plank Road," it lost two men wounded. 
During tlie night of the 1st of December and the following day, the regiment 
fell back with the army, arriving at Mountain Run on the evening of the 2d, 
having marched a distance of thirty-eight miles in twenty-three hours, with a 
rest of only an hour. On the 7th the regiment went into winter quarters at 
Barry's Hill. Here 1G2, a sufficient number, reenlisted for a new term of ser- 
vice, and on the 28th the regiment started for Monroe, Michigan, where, on 
the 2d of January, 18G4, it was furloughcd for thirty days. Going again into 
rendezvous at the same place, the regiment moved toward the front on the 10th 
of February, arriving at Barry's Hill on the 10th, where it remained until the 
3d of May. Breaking camp on the latter day, in command of Major Curtis, 
it entered with the army of the Potomac upon the campaign of 18G4, then in 
the 1st brigade, 2d division, 2d corps. Crossing the Rapidau at Ely's Ford, 
on the 4th, the regiment marched to Chancellorsville, and on the 5th to the 
battlefield of the Wilderness, where it became engaged with the enemy, losing 
two wounded. On the Otli it lost eight killed, thirty-eight wounded, and eight 
missing. On the 8th it moved to the left, near the Po river, and on the ilth 
crossed the Po. On the 10th it was exposed to a severe fire from shari)sliooters, 
losing four wounded, and on the same day in an assault on the enemy's works 
on the right, at Spottsylvania Court House, it lost five killed and eight wounded. 
On the ILth it lost three wounded. On the 12th the 7th took part in Hancock's 
charge on the left of the enemy's line, in which its casualties were eleven 
wounded. On the 13th it lost three killed and ten wounded. Withdrawing 
with the army Irom in front of the enemy's works at Spottsylvania Court 
Hous-e, the regiment arrived at the North Anna river on the 23d, and was en- 
gaged as skirmisliers on the 24tii at Chesterfield Ford, on the Ny river, where 
it lost one kdled and three wounded. On the 2Gth it was employed in the rear 



27S MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

guard of the army, in the flank movement of the latter across the Pamunkj 
river, arriving at the Tolopotomy creek on the 28th. On the 30th and 31st of 
May, and Ist of June, it was engaged at Tolopotomy as skirmitihers, with a 
loss of six killed and nine wounded. On the 1st the regiment again sea'ved a» 
rear guard for the army in the movement to Cold Harbor, and on the 3d, in a 
charge on the enemy's works, lost two killed and fourteen wounded. From 
the 3d to the 10th its casualties were one killed and twelve wounded. It crossed 
the James river with tlie army, and arrived in front of Petersburg on the even- 
ing of the 15th. From this date to the 25th of July it was engaged in labor on 
the fortifications, and on picket, losing three killed and twenty wounded. 

The regiment, like the other Michigan regiments in the Army of the Poto- 
mac, had gone gallantly through the forced marches and hardships of the 
campaign, and now, with equal fortitude, it endured with them the labors in 
the trenches before Petersburg, On the 27th the 7th, with its corps, crossed 
the James river at Deep Bottom, but on the 29th returned to its former posi- 
tion before Petersburg, having lost during the movement two men wounded. 
It remained here employed on fatigue and picket duty until August 12th, 
when it again moved to Deep Bottom, and on the 14th and 17th was engaged 
in the battles of Strawberry Plains and Flussier's Mill, losing three killed and 
eleven wounded. On the 20th the regiment returned to near Petersburg. On 
the 25th it was engaged in the battle of Keam's Station, on the Weldon rail- 
road, its casualties in this action being one killed, four wounded, and eight 
missing. On the 26th of October it participated in the advance on the enemy's 
right, and on the 27th was engaged in the battles of Hatcher's Kun, Burgess 
Tavern, and Boyd ton Plank Koad. During this movement it captured -480 
men, 20 officers, and a stand of colors from the 26th North Carolina rebel 
infantry. Tlie army having withdrawn, and leaving the regiment unsupported, 
through a misunderstanding, on the field, it was, on the 28th, obliged to fight 
its way back to the army, iu which it succeeded, though greatly harrassed by 
the enemy's cavalry. 

A special correspondent Detroit Free Press wrote: 

" One more battle to chronicle for the old 7th. Leaving its position on the extreme 
right at Deep Bottom, on the evening of the 20th, it marched with the corps to the left of 
the iirniy, near the Weldon railroad, arriving at a point known as the Yellow House at 4 
P. iM. of tlio •21st. On tlie evening of the 23d took up line of march in the direction of 
Ream's Station, on the Weldon railroad, a distance of ten miles from Petersburg, arriving 
at dayligiit of the 24.th. Found the 1st division of this corps in possession of tlie station 
and destroying the track. Iu this we assisted during the day, our flanks being protected 
by Gregg's division of cavalry. We encamped near the station for the night. On the 
morning of the 25tli, at 11 o'clock, the enemy made a demonstration on our left, and the 
regiment was sent forward as skirmishers to develop the strength of their advance. 
Charging across the open field they drove the enemy's skirmishers from behind a fence, 
wiicre tliey were posted. This position they held during the afternoon until 5 o'clock, 
•wiien tlio enemy succeeded in breaking our iuie near the center of the 1st division. By 
tlii» accident this regiment was cut off from their support, and was nearly surrounded, 
when Lieulcnant Colonel Smitii, commandhig, gave tlio order to move by the left flank 
ut double quick. A portion succeed in getting through the gap before the rebels closed, 
the only place by which they could escape. Colonel Smith remaining to see that all his 
men understutjd the order, and the position they were in, was captured and robbed of his 
watch and pocket-book. After remaining a prisoner for two hours he, with some of his 
men, Buccceth-d m making their escape, under a severe artillery lire from our batteries, 
his guard preferring to save his own life by getting to the rear with the colonel; but the 
cok)nel could not see it, and made a break lor our lino, and although under a murderous 
lire, from our own men and the rebels, escaped without a scratch. Not so with all the 
men, thirteen not having been so fortunate." 

Ou I^lovember Ist, lSG-1, it was doing garrison duty in Fort Steadman and 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 279 

Battery 10, being only 235 yards from the main works of the enemy ; conse- 
quently it was much exposed to the fiie of the rebel batteries, although its 
losses were slight. On the 27th, in command of Lieutenant Colonel Geo. W. 
La Pointe, it moved to the left, near Fort Siebcrt, and built quarters, and on 
December 2d, with its division, moved to the left of the line and relieved the 
1st division, oth corps, and then moved again to the left to Fort Emery, near 
Fort Siebert, on the 6th, where it was engaged on picket and fatigue duty 
until February 5th, 18G5, wlien it moved, with its brigade, to Hatcher's Itun, 
and was then placed in the skirmish line, when it assisted in driving the 
enemy's skirmisiiers, taking two prisoners. On the evening of the 7th the 
regiment fell back to its old line, and on the 10th commenced building 
quarters, and finished them on the 22d, remaining at that point until March 
29th, when it received orders to report to General Smyth for duty as skir- 
mishers for the 3d brigade, and after reporting marched about three miles to- 
the left of the line, where one-half of tlie regiment was deployed as skirmishers 
and the balance held in reserve, and advancing toward the enemy he fell back 
within his main works, when the regiment was ordered forward under fire to 
ascertain his strength as to position. In accomplishing this. Lieutenant 
Stephen Patterson was shot dead by one of the enemy's sharpshooters. On 
the 30th the regimienc was supporting the 1st brigade, and on the 3 1st, with 
the 7ih Virginia Infantry, was ordered one mile to the left to drive the enemy's 
skirmishers and capture his works if possible. After driving in his ]iickets, 
and ascertaining that he was very strongly entrenched, the command fell back 
near General Smyth's headquarters and encamped for the night, and on April 
1st rejoined the 2d brigade. On the 2d the regiment, together with details 
from the 1st Minnesota and 19th Massachusetts, charged the enemy's works 
at Cat Tail Creek, capturing two forts and three guns, then sweeping down 
the line captured five other forts, well defended by infantry, and during the 
day taking about five hundred prisoners and several horses. The 7th is 
reported to have been the first to break the rebel lines in front of the 2d corps. 
After marching with the division to the rear of Petersburg, the regiment was 
deployed as skirmishers up the South Side railroad, in advance of the division, 
taking many prisoners and contrabands, and capturing great numbers of 
horses and mules. On the 3d it marched ten miles, continuing the march on 
the 4:th and 5th; on the (3th it received orders to report to General Smyth, 
and was put in the advance of the skirmish line of tlie 3d brigade, taking a 
number of prisoners during the day, and at P. M. rejouied the division, 
having marched about thirty miles. On the morning of the 7th it marched 
with its brigade until near High Bridge, in the vicinity of Farmville, when, 
together with the o9th New York, it was deployed as *^kirmisheis to cover the 
front and flanks of the brigade, and moving on the enemy it participated in 
capturing many prisoners; advancing to within half a mile of Farmville, when 
the enemy, throwing a heavy column of infantry and cavalry on the riirht and 
rear of the skirmish line, its connection with the brigade was cutoff; but as 
soon as tlie advance on its rear was discovered, the skirmish line was faced to 
the rear and charged the advancing force; but the enemy being superior in 
numbers, the line was repulsed, the regiment losing three officers and thirtv- 
four men, })iisouers, including one officer severely wounded. In the afternoon 
it was relieved from the front and rejoined its brigade. On the 8lh the march 
was continued until 12 P. M., and on the Oth marched about five miles, wiien 
General Lee's army surrendered. From the 10 to the 14th the regiment, with 



280 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

its brigade, was on the march to Burkeville, and reaching that point it 
remained until May 2d, when orders were received to proceed to Richmond, 
and, arriving there ou the 6th, moved to within four miles of Washington, 
D. C, and encamped, and on the 23d participated in the review of the Army 
of the Potomac. 

The regiment continued in camp near Washington until June 6th, when it 
was ordered to report to Major General Logan, commanding the Army of the 
Tennessee, at Louisville, Ky., and left Washington, by rail, on the 16th, ar- 
riving at Louisville on the 22d, when it crossed the river to Jeffersonvilie, Ind., 
and was assigned to provost guard duty, in that city, and continued on that 
duty until July 5th, when it was mustered out of service, and in command of 
Colonel La Pointe, reached Jackson, Mich., on the 7th, where it was paid off 
and disbanded. 

The 7th was engaged at Ball's Bluff, Va., October 21, 1861 ; Yorktowu, Va., 
April 4th to May 4th, 1862; West Point, Va., May 7, 1862; Fair Oaks, Va., 
May 31 to June 1, 1862; Peach Orchard, June 29, 1862; Savage Station, 
June 29, 1862; White Oak Swamp, Va., June 30, 1862; Glendale, Va., June 
30, 1862; Malvern Hill, Va., July 1, 1862; Bull Run, 2d, Va., August 30, 
1862; South Mountain, Md., September 14, 1862: Antietam, Md., September 
17, 1862; Fredericksburg, Va., December 11, 12, and 13, 1862; Chancellors- 
ville, Va., May 3 and 4, 1863; Haymarket, Va., June — , 1863; Gettysburg, 
Peun., July 2 and 3, 1863; Falling Waters, Md., July 14, 1863; Bristo Sta- 
tion, Va., JSIovember 27, 1863 ; Robertson's Tavern, Va., November 29, 1863; 
Mine Run, Va., November 2t), 1863; Wilderness. Va., May 5 and 6, 1864; Po 
River, Va., May 10, 1864; Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864; North Anna, 
Va., May 23, 1864; Ny River, Va., May 24, 1864; Tolopotomy, Va., May 30 
and 31 and June 1, 1864; Cold Harbor, Va., June 3, 1864; Petersburg, Va., 
June 18 and 22, 1864; Deep Dottom, Va., July 27 and 28, 1864; Strawberry 
Plains, Va., August 14 and 17, 1864; Ream's Station, Va., August 25, 1864; 
Boydton Road, Va., October 27, 1864; Hatcher's Run, Va., February 5, 1865; 
Hatcher's Run, Va., March 29, 1865; Cat Tail Creek, Va., April 2, 1865; 
Faraiville, Va., April 7, 1865; siege of Petersburg, Va., from June 17, 1864, 
to April 3, 1865. 

It had a total membership of 1,393. Its losses were : Killed in action, 6 
officers, 123 men; died of wounds, 5 officers, 47 men; of disease, 3 officers, 
154 men ; a total of 338 officers and men. 

"Rest, 
Rest the patriot heart, 
Tliat never quailed with fear 
In treason's fiery test. " 

Note. — When the 7th Michigan was forming at Fort Wayne, Chas. M. Wallcer, a young 
lawyer, very short in stature, rendered so by a shortness of legs, since deceased, was 
very anxiuus to enlist. One morning before the colonel reached his office, the young 
man seated himself at the colonel's table. The colonel entered and sat down, and the 
young man says: " Colonel, I want to enlist in your regiment; please give an order for 
an ofllcer to muster me in." The colonel looked at him ; he appeared healthy and strong, 
and apparently of sulllcicnt height, as he sat at the table. The colonel saying, "certainly, " 
wrote the order, and the young man rose to leave, but the colonel discovering that he was 
but little higher wlu-n on his feet tliaii when bitting in the chair says, " Hold on! I do not 
know about this! Hut the young man luij-tily left, saying, "Nevermind about vay legs, 
Colonel, tlicy arc of the growing kind." He was accepted and became an eflicient ollicer 
"I the n-ginn-iiL. 



EIGHTH REGIMENT INFANTRY. 



"At the roused Eagle's call ye are 
Leaping from slumber to the fight 
For Freedom and for chartered Right!" 

The next infantry regiment sent to the field was the 8th, composed of the 
following companies, assigned to it August 13, 18G), and were principally 
recruited at the points named in connection with their designations: 

A, Fenton Light Guard, Flhat. B, St. Johns Volunteers, St. Johns. C, Gratiot Han- 
gers, Alma. D, Grand River Guard, Grand Rapids. E, Elder Zouaves, Lansing. F, 

, Hastings. G, Excelsior Guard, Flint. H, Greenville Guard, Greenville. I 

, Owosso. K, , Jackson. 

The regiment was, on August 21, 1861, ordered to rendezvous at Grand 
Rapids, where the companies were directed to report to Colonel W'ni. M. Fen- 
ton, of Flint, who had been appointed from the 7th regiment to command it. 
It was afterwards ordered on August 21st to Fort Wayne, arriving there on 
September 16th, where the organization was completed, and on the 23d was 
mustered into the service of the United States. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Colonel, WiUlam M. Fenton, Fenton. Lieutenant Colonel, Frank Graves, Niles. 
Major, Amasa B. Watson, Muskegon. Surgeon, Hurlburt B. Shank, Lansuig. Assistant 
Surgeon, Samuel R. Wooster, Grand Rapids. Adjutant, David B. Harbaugh, Detroit. 
Quartermaster, Asa Gregory, Flint. Chaplain, William Mahone, Detroit. 

A. Captain, Samuel C. Guild, Flint. First Lieutenant, George E. Newell, Flint. Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, George H. Turner, Flint. 

B. Captain, Gilbert E. Pratt, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Wilham E. Lewis, St. Johns. 
Second Lieutenant, James S. Donahue, Flint. 

C. Captain, Ralph Ely, Alma. First Lieutenant, George S. Gordon, Alma. Second 
Lieutenant, Charles B. HoUiday, Alma. 

D. Captain, Benjamin B. Church, Grand Rapids. First Lieutenant, John 0, Buchanan, 
Grand Rapids. Second Lieutenant, Benjamin F. Porter, Grand Rapids. 

E. Captain, Matthew Elder, Lansing. First Lieutenant, Abram Cottrell, Lansing. 
Second Lieutenant, , . 

F. Captain, Nelson H. Walbridge, Richland. First Lieutenant, Tiaverse PhUlips, 
Hastings. Second Lieutenant, Jacob Maus, Hastings. 

G. Captain, Ephraim N. Lyon, Flint. First Lieutenant, Horatio Belcher, Flint. Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, N. Miner Pratt, Flint. 

H. Captain, Alfred B. Turner, Grand Rapids. First Lieutenant, Richard N. Doyle, 
Georgetown. Second Lieutenant, William A. BroAvn, Ann Arbor. 

I. Captain, Jay L. Quackenbush, Owosso. First Lieutenant, Albert Bainbridge, Byron. 
Second Lieutenant, James C. Merrell, Corunna. 

K. Captain George Proudflt, Jackson. First Lieutenant, Reuben S. Cheney, Moscow. 
Second Lieutenant, William P. Miner, Moscow. 

The regiment has been designated in the reports as the " Wandering regi- 
36 



282 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

ment" of Michigan, having been as early as November, 1863, engaged with 
the enemy in South Carolina, Georgia, Virginia, and Maryland, and in 1863 
in Mississippi and Tennessee. 

It moved from Detroit on September 27th, 1861, in command of Colonel 
Feuton, with an aggregate force of 915 on its rolls. Arriving at Washington 
on the 30th, went into camp on Meridian Hill. On October 9th it left for 
Annapolis, Maryland, arriving there on the morning of the 10th, where it was 
assigned to duty as a part of the 2d brigade, " Expeditionary Corps," under 
General T. W. Sherman, then under orders for Hilton Head. 

On the 19th of October it embarked on the steamship Vanderbilt for that 
point, and arriving off Port Royal on the 7th, lauded at Hilton Head on the 
8th. On the 10th it went into camp with the other regiments of the brigade, 
and was engaged throwing up entrenchments and doing picket duty until De- 
cember 6th, when it struck "tents, taking up the march with its brigade, em- 
barking on steamers at Hilton Head, arrived at Beaufort next day, and 
bivouacked until the 9th, then pitched tents and entered upon the duties of 
drill and picket. A detachment under Lieutenant Porter occupied Ladies 
island, while another in command of Captain Elder was stationed at Brickyard 
Point. The detachment at Ladies island surprised and took prisoners on 
December 18th. On the same day the regiment moved to a point on the shell 
road about six miles from Beaufort, where the first and second companies. 
Captains Gould and Walbridge, with Captain Elder and fifteen men, in com- 
mand of Colonel Fenton, embarked in boats, and on reconnoitering the shore 
opposite Brickyard Point, on the Coosaw river, found the enemy in force, 
receiving fire from a two-gun battery, when a gun from the steamer May 
Flower, aground on the bar, opened on the battery, and covered the detach- 
ment so that it was enabled to withdraw with a loss of one killed. 

On the 21st the regiment, with the ?9th New York, formed the advanced 
posts in command of Colonel Fenton, and on the 22d moved to Gray's Hill 
Plantation and McGee's place further in advance, where they remained until 
the 31st, occupied in drill and picket duty. On January 1, 1862, the regiment 
marched from camp at Duck Creek at 3 A. M., crossing Coosuw river in flat 
boats, marched on the main laud about two and a half miles to Port Royal 
Ferry. On the march engaged a masked battery with troops of the enemy, 
with loss of two killed, six wounded, and one missing: 

Lushing says : 

" General Stevens threw out the 8th Michigan as sldrmishers, and the gunboats opened 
a bribli lire into the woods in their front. The 79th New Yorli led. "Very soon a concealed 
battery near tlie ferry was encountered. It opened on them with grape and canister, but 
was B<Jon settled by a close encounter, in which the 8tli Michigan bore the brunt. The 
50th Pennsylvania pressed forward to the support of these and the Highlanders. But 
very little lighting occurred after the first onset. The Confederates, seeing the gun-boats 
Seneca, Ellen, Fembino, and Ottawa coming forward, abandoned the works an([ fled, and 
the Pennsylvania 'Eound Heads' passed over the ferry and occupied them. The works 
were demoUshed, and the houses in the vicinity were burned." 

Headquarters 8th Michigan Regiment, ) 
Camp on Port Royal Island, January Sd, 1862. ) 
Order No. 41. 

The Colonil commanding congratulates the regiment on their coolness and bravery in 
tlio battle of Coosaw river, on the 1st instant. The American flag was planted tiiat day 
by you on the main laud of South Carolina, and you were the only regiment directly en- 
gaged with the enemy, and have given renoum and honor to the State which sent you 
forth to battle for a nation's rights. Eniuhite the daring (while you sympathize with their 
alllictiouBj of your comrades, who are suffering from wounds in their country's cause, and 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 283 

the 8th Michigan may yet have an opportunity to strike a harder blow for the constitution 
and the union. 
N. M. Pkatt, Adjictant. COLONEL WM. M. FENTON, 

Commanding Regiment. 

On the 2d it recrossed the river and went into camp at Gray's Hill, and on 
the 13th moved to Beaufort and encamped, engaged on guard and picket duty 
during the month. February and March were spent on guard and picket 
duty, and engaged on several reconnoitering parties to different poitits. On 
February 4th the regiment moved to Gray's Hill, and, relieving the T'Jth New 
York Highlanders, was employed on picket duty, remaining there until Marcli 
10th, when it returned to camp at Beaufort, and was engaged on drill and 
picket duty until April 9th, when it moved to Tybee Ishmd, Ga., and on report- 
ing to General Gillmore it was bivouacked in rear of Battery Halleck until the 
surrender of Fort Pulaski, and then occupied Goat Point. 

In 1862 the citizens of Genesee county, through a committee composed of 
Hon. J. B. Walker, George T. Clark, and Clias. P. Avery, forwarded from 
Flint to the 8th Infantry, for its gallant services, especially at the "Battle of 
Coosaw," a regimental flag, rich and beautiful; the material of heavy silk, 
tasselled with gold. Embroidered on it were stars on the field, and "Eighth 
Eegiment Michigan Infantry, One Country, One Destiny;" and which was 
afterwards adopted as tlie motto of the regiment. The staff was surmounted 
with a gilt ball, on which rested an eagle in gold, with extended wings; a 
silver plate on the staff, with the inscription, "Presented to the otKceis and 
soldiers of the Eighth Keginient Michigan Infantry, by their friends and 
neighbors of Genesee county," 

The colors reached the regiment at Beaufort, South Carolina, and were pre- 
sented by General Isaac I. Stevens, commanding, in a very com|)linientary 
address, to which Colonel Fentou appropriately replied. He also sent a letter 
of thanks through the committee at Flint to the donors throughout the county 
of Genesee, and issued the following order: 

Headquarters 8th Eeg't Mich. Infantry, | 
Order, No. 51. Beaufort, S. C, April 26th, 1862. ) 

A beautiful stand of colors havina: been presented and forwarded to tliis regiment by 
citizens of Genesee county, Micliigan, with a flattering testimonial contained in the note 
of the committee, and a copy of subscription containing names of donors, and the 
presentation having been made by Brigadier General Isaac I. Stevens, accompanied with 
eloquent remarlis, and the oflScers of the regiment having unanimously passed resolutions 
of acknowledgment and so recommended, it is ordered, 

1st. That the testimonial accompanying the Hag, together with the resolutions as 
passed, be entered upon the regimental records, and that tiie city of Flint bo hcieafter 
recognized as the headquarters in Michigan of the 8th llegiiuent Michigan Infantry. 

2d. That our regimental device be the motto on the flag, 

" One Country — One Destiny." 

3d. Side by side with that stand of colors, or in the van will be borne, while it lasts, the 
stars and stripes of bunting which were planted January 1st on tlie main shore of Coosaw 
river. South Carolina, and April IGth, 18(;2, on Wilmington Island, Georgia. 
By order of Colonel Fenton. 

GEORGE E. SWINSCOE, 
Lieutenant and Acting Adjutant. 

On the 16th of April, 1862, seven companies, about 400 stiong, under com- 
mand of Colonel Fenton, embarked on board the steamer Honduras for Wil- 
mington Island, as an escort to the topographical engineers. Two companies 
were landed on the left of Turner's creek, the remainder on the right. 



284 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

Shortly after landing on the right the enemy were unexpectedly found in force, 
and the affair of Wilmington followed, in which about 200 were engaged 
against the rebel force, consisting of the 13th Georgia, 800 strong, with 
Enfield rifles, in a skirmish lasting about two hours, resulting in the Kout of 
the enemy at sunset, leaving their dead on the field, the loss of the regiment 
beino- H killed and 34 wounded. The object of the recounoissance having 
been effected, the force about dark embarked, and on the 18th returned to 
Beaufort. 

In this affair fell two gallant officers. Adjutant N. Minor Pratt, killed 
instantly, and Lieutenant Frederick M. Badger, who died of his wounds three 
days afterwards in hospital at Beaufort. 

Colonel Fenton makes the following report: 

Headqxtarteks 8th Reg't, Michigan Volunteers, ) 

(On Board Steamer Honduras,) j- 

Off Wilmington Island, Ga., 11 o'clock P. M., April 16, 1S62. ) 

Lieu't W. L. Berger, Acting Assistant Adjutant General, Tybee Island, Ga.: 

Sir, — I have the honor to report for the inforiuation of the General commanding — 

That in comphance with special orders No. 41, I embarlied with seven companies of the 
8th Michigan regiment as an escort to Lieutanant J. H. Wilson, Topographical Engineer, 
on a recunnoissance of Wilmington Island. 

Two companies under command of Captain Pi-att were landed at Scriven's Plantation, 
with orders from Lieutenant Wilson to skirt Tui'ner's creek on the left. The other five 
compani(>s were landed at Gibson's Plantation. Two of these companies were ordered to 
skirt Turner's creek on the right ; a third was to take the road to the right, towards the 
ferry at Caston's Bluff, to protect a boat party up Oatland creek, and the remainder to 
secure the landing. 

After one company of the five was landed Lieutenant Wilson proceeded in a boat to 
Turner's creek. 

Owing to the small number of boats and the distance from the steamer, which was 
grounded, some delay occurred in the disembarkation. I directed Lieutenant Colonel 
Graves to follow with the second company and to skirt Turner's creek, but, being misdi- 
rected, he took tlie road to the right towards Carson's Bluff, and on landing with the re- 
maining companies I received information that the enemy were in force at Fleetwood 
Plantation, and to the left of the road. This rendered the recounoissance of Oatland creek, 
with boats, useless, and I ordered the companies all m ; and stationing the remaining 
companies to guard against an attack at our landing, sent out strong pickets on both 
roads. 

I believe the advance of the company to the right instead of along Turner's creek saved 
my conuuand, as it sooner enabled me to post tlie men to advantage and take a position 
from which the enemy's approach could be observed. The enemy proved to be the Geor- 
gia 13th, about 800 strong, armed with Enfleld rifles. As they approached, about 4 o'clock 
P. M., witli a .strong body of skirmisliers in the skirting of woods below the road, the com- 
panies I liad stationed to the right and left of the road, in accordance witii my instructions, 
opened fire. I immediately sounded the charge for advance of companies in the rear of 
the first lino. The first fine, mistaking the signal, fell back to the next cover. A constant 
and effective fire was kept up on both sides from cover of trees and bushes for an hour or 
more. Lieutenant Wilson, who had returned with the boat party, here proved of great 
service to me. He took a party, at my roqu<!St, to l\w left, and I ordered a company to 
the rlglit to (liuik the enemy. Both operations were successful; and in a few moments 
the enemy retreated in confusion, leaving several dead on tlie field, followed by our men 
Willi loud chenrs. 

It being now about sunset I recalled our troops, and giving to Lieutenant Wilson the 
command of pickets stationed to guard against surprise, formed the companies in fine as 
originaUy posted, sent the dead and wounded in boats to the sliip, and gradually and very 
quietly, under cover of night, withdrawing the men, sent them on board as fast as our 
Ihnited transportation would allow. At the last trip of the boats I embarked, accompanied 
by Lli!Utenant Wilson, Lieutenant Colonel Graves, and the remainder of my command 
(at about 10 o'clock P. M.), and immediately brought on board the two companies left at 
Schrivcn's Plantation. 

After the enemy retreated we were unmolested. It is due to the oflBcers and men of 
the command to say that generally they behaved with cool and intrepid courage. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 285 

Adjutant Pratt fell dead near my side gallantly fighting, musket in hand, and cheering 
on the men. Our loss, I regret to say, was comparatively heavy, ten killed and thirty- 
five wounded out of a command of three hundred men. Among the wounded is acting 
Lieutenant Badger, of Company C, who was in charge of the advance picket and exhibited 
undaunted courage. He, with one of his men, was made prisoner both escaped and were 
brought in when the enemy retreated. 

Tlie Captain of the Honduras is deserving of great credit for his kind attention to the 
wounded; indeed he afforded us every facility for the comfort of ofQcers and men in his 
power. 

I respectfully refer to Lieutenant "Wilson's report (which I have read), and it contains 
some facts not embraced in this report, among others in relation the men detailed in 
charge of the field piece on board ship, who were vigilant and attentive. 

Herewith is transmitted a list of casualties. 

I am, etc., WM. M. FENTON, 

Colonel 8th Regiment Michigan Volunteers. 

During the remainder of April and the month of May the regiment was en- 
gaged on drill and picket duty on Port Royal Island with occasional details on 
reconnoitering parties. 

On June 1st, at 4 A. M., the regiment embarked, by lighters, on board the 
gunboat Alabama, below Beaufort, and lay at Hilton Head all day and nght, 
steamed off Stone river, and on the 3d were transferred to the Metland, thence 
up Stone River, and landed at the old battery and bivouacked. On the 7Lh it 
was attached to the 1st brigade (2d division, General Stevens commanding), 
together with the 7th Connecticut and 28th Massachusetts, under command 
of Colonel Fenton, while the Regiment was commanded by Lieutenant Colonel 
Fiank Graves, and on the IGth became most signally distinguisiied in the 
assault made upon the enemy's woiks at Secessionville, on James Island, by a 
command of General Hunter's forces under General Benham. 

General Stevens with the Ist brigade led by Colonel Fenton and composed 
of the 8Ui Michigan, commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Graves, 7th Connec- 
ticut and 28th Massachusetts, together with the 79tli New York, lOOtii Penn- 
sylvania, and 46tii New York, composing the brigade commanded by Colonel 
Leisure and four detached com])anies of artillery. Strict orders had been 
issued to maintain most perfect silence in the advance which was to be made 
at daybreak, at which time the entire command was piat in motion with instruc- 
tions to rely exclusively on the bayonet and resort to firing only in case of 
manifest necessity. Forward the force vigorously pressed, surprising and cap- 
turing the enemy's pickets; advancing promptly and firmly in line of battle 
without firing a gun, and when within one hundred yards of the enemy's works 
it received his fire of grape and canister in advancing over a narrow strip of 
dry land, not over two hundred yards wide, between the marsiies, the only 
route by which the works could be readied and that was obstructed by an 
ahatis almost insuperable, while a ditch seven feet high protected their works, 
which had a paraj)et nine feet high. 

Being in the direct advance, tlie 8th, immediately supported by the High- 
landers, was completely swe})t by grape and canister at close range, from six 
guns on the works as well as by their musketry. Parties composed of officers 
and men from the 8th Michigan and 79tii New York succeeded in gaining the 
parai)et in face of this dreadful and destructive fire, but were shot down in tho 
act. The assaulting force finding it impossible to carry the works, finally had 
to witiidraw. 

Colonel Fenton says of his brigade in the affair; 

"The order not to fire, but use the bayonet, was obeyed, and the advance companies 
reached the parapet of the works at tho angle on our right and front, ongiiging the enemy 



286 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

at the point of the bayonet. During our advance the enemy opened upon our lines an 
exceedingly destructive fire of grape, canister, and muslietry, and yet the regiment 
pushed on as veterans, divided only to the right and left by a sweeping torrent from the 
enemy's main gun in front. The enemy's fire proved so galling and destructive that our 
men on the parapet were obliged to retire under its cover. The field was furrowefl across 
with cotton ridges, and many of the men lay there loading and firing as deliberately as 
though on their hunting grounds at home." 

This most daring and dashing assault is recognized in history as a most gal- 
lant affair, but was accomplished at a great sacrifice of life, the 8th Michigan 
lost 13 killed, 98 wounded, 35 prisoners of war, and 36 missing, out of 534, 
inchiding 12 out of 22 officers. Captains Simeon 0. Guild and Benjamin B. 
Church here fell mortally wounded. 

In an order issued immediately following the engagement General Stevens 
says • 

"You were ordered not to fire, but to push forward and use the bayonet. You obeyed 
the order. You formed under a terrible fire of grape, canister, and musketry. You 
pushed to the ditch and abatis of the works from right to left. Parties from leading 
regiments of your two brigades, the 8th Michigan and 79th Highlanders, mounted and 
were shot down on the parapet, oflQcers and men. These two regiments covered them- 
selves with glory, and their fearful casualties show the hot work in which you were 
engaged." 

Greeley says : 

" Stevens was In position at 3.30 A. M. at our outer picket line within range of the 
enemy, and advanced at 4— the morning being dark and cloudy — so swiftly and noise- 
lessly that he captured most of the rebel pickets and was within 100 yards of the main 
defenses, not having fired a shot, when Lamar opened on him with grape and canister, 
plowing bloody Unes through the storming party and destroying its compactness, if not 
impairing the momentum of the charge. Tlie 8th Michigan, Colonel Fenton's own, was 
in the direct advance, supported by the Highlanders, with the residue of both brigades 
ready and eager to do and dare all that men might; and if well directed valor could have 
carried the enemy's works by direct assault they would have done it. " 

On July 5th the regiment, in command of Colonel Fenton, left James 
Island for Hilton Head, and on the 10th left on steamer for Beaufort, and 
on the 13th embarked on the steamship Vanderbilt for Fortress Monroe, and 
landing at Newport News on the 17th encamped. On August 4th the regi- 
ment left New]jort News for Aquia Creek, then to Fredericksburg, and thence 
to Culpei)per, iiacoon B^ord, K<'Hy's Ford, Sulphur Springs, Warrenton Sta- 
tion, Manassas Station, Centreville, and in command of Lieutenant Colonel 
Giaves, was in the engaoement with a loss of five killed and several wounded 
at Bull Run on the 29th and 30th of August, being in the 1st brigade, 1st 
division (Stevens's), 9th corps. It was also engaged at Chantilly on Septem- 
ber 1st, with a loss of seven killed and a considerable number wounded, Lieu- 
tenant W. A. Brown being among the mortally wounded, and who died the 
same montii. 

General Stevens's division, in which the regiment served, is mentioned in 
the Cyclopedia of 1864 as follows: 

"• * * General .McDowell's corps was stationed on the Warrenton turnpike, 
about two miles west of Fairfax, General Reno was pushed north of the turnpike 
at u point about two and a half miles east of Centerville, and supported by General 
Kearny's division of Hointzelraan's corps. 

" The conllict raged lor an liour, when they concentrated their force on the left of Gen- 
eral Reno's line, which was commanded by General Stevens. Their intention was to turn 
their left Hank. General Stevens was soon killod by a bullet through his head, and his 
forces driven back. The Confederate force now began to advance on the main body of 
General Reno wlilch was short of ammunition, when the division of General Kearny 
came up and took the position occupied by the troops of General Stevens. " * * 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 287 

Lossing says '• 

"Just before sunset Reno met Jackson's advance (Ewell and Hill) near Clianlilly. A 
cold and drenching rain was falling, but it did not prevent an immediate engagement. 
Reno, with the remains of two divisions, was sharply attacked, when Hooker, McDowell, 
and Koaray came up to his assistance. The conflict was severe for a short time, when 
General Isaac 1. Stevens, who was in command at the battle of Port Royal Ferry, now 
leading Reno's 2d division, ordered a charge, which he led in person, and was shot dead." 

Immediately following these battles the regiment, in command of Lieutenant 
Colonel Graves, moved on the Maryland campaign, marching via Alexandria, 
Washington, Frederick City, and Middleton, Md., and became heavily 
engaged at South Mountain on September 14th, and on the 17th at Antietam. 

The gallant conduct of Major Belcher (then a lieutenant) at the battle of 
South Mountain is noticed by General J. D. Cox, commanding the Kanawha 
division, in his report of the part taken by his division in that engagement, as 
follows : 

" I cannot close this report without speaking of the meritorious conduct of First Lieu- 
tenant H. Belcher, of the 8th Michigan, a regiment belonging to another division. His 
regiment having suffered severely on the right, and being partly thrown into confusion, 
he rallied about one hundred men and led them up to the front. Being separated from 
the brigade to which he belonged, he reported to me for duty, and asked for a position 
where he might be of use till his proper place could be ascertained. 

"He was assigned a post on the left, and subsequently, in support of the advance sec- 
tion of Simmon's battery, in both of which places he and his men performed their duty 
admirably, and after the repulse of the enemy in the evening he carried his command to 
their proper brigade." 

On September 19th the regiment commenced to march back into Virginia 
again, via Sharpsburg and Harper's Ferry. On the 24th Colonel Fenton 
returned to the regiment and assumed command of the Ist brigade, while 
Major Ely was in command of the 8th. 

The regiment left Waterford, Va., on the 2d of November, 1862, and 
arrived at Falmouth on the 18th, where it lay until the 12th of December, 
doing provost duty for its division. It crossed with the army to Fredericks- 
burg, but sustained no loss in the battle at that place. It remained near Fal- 
moutl) until the 13th of February, 18G3, when it moved to Newport News, 
encamping there until the 19th of March. Again embarking, it proceeded 
via Baltimore to Louisville, Ky., and thence to Lebanon, Ky. Remaining in 
that State until June, it moved, in command of Colonel Frank Graves, who 
nad been appointed to the colonelcy, to Vicksburg with the 9th corps, going 
into camp at Milldale, near Vicksburg, on the 17th. It was stationed at 
Milldale and Flowerdale Church until the 4th of July, when it moved with 
the army toward Jackson. It participated without serious loss in the various 
encounters between the 10th and Itjth of that month, when the enemy 
evacuated Jackson. On the 23d it was again in camp at Milldale, where it 
remained until the 6th of August. From Milldale it proceeded to Crab 
Orchard, Ky., via Cairo, Cincinnati, and Nicholasville, arriving at Crab 
Orchard on the 27th. Marching from that point on the lOth of September, 
via Cumberland Gap, it arrived at Knoxville, Tenu., on ti)e 26th. Having 
remained in camp at Knoxville until tiie 3d of October, it was engaged on the 
lOth with ics division at Blue Springs, with a lost of one killed. On the 14th 
it returned to Knoxville, from whence it marched on the 20th, arriving at 
Loudon, via Lenoir, on the 29th of October. 

From the 1st to the 14th of November, 1863, the 8th was encamped at 
Lenoir Station, East Tennessee. Tiie rebels, under General Lougstreet, 



288 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

having commenced their advance on Knoxville, the 8th, v^ith other forces, 
were ordered on the 14th to Hough's Ferry, on the Holsten river, but during 
the night returned to Lenoir Station, and on the 16th commenced the retreat 
to Knoxville. Being rapidly followed by the enemy, a stand was nTade at 
Campbell's Station. A brisk engagement ensued, in which the loss of the 
regiment was il in wounded. The pursuit of the rebels was here checked, 
but during the night the retreat was continued, the regiment arriving at 
Knoxville on the morning of the 17th. During the retreat to Knoxville and 
the siege of that place, which was immediately commenced by the rebel forces, 
the regiment endured many hardships and privations, suffering especially 
from want of sufficient food and proper clothing. The 8th during the entire 
siege occupied tlie front line of works. On the 29th of ^November, the regiment, 
with its brigade (1st of 1st division), together with Koemer's battery, held 
College Hill, one of the defenses of Knoxville, and as Longstreet advanced to 
the attack on Fort Saunders, opening his batteries with a furious cannonade, 
he was answered from College Hill by Roemer's battery with telling effect. 

The truce agreed ujjon by Burnside to allow the Confederates an opportunity 
to bury their dead, brouglit on to the field the ambulance train of Longstreet, 
which became a source of much amusement as well as a subject for much 
criticism to the Union soldier, appearing as it did made up of all sorts of 
vehicles, from a Richmond milk wagon with the sign still remaining on it, 
to the primitive and peculiar cart of the Virginia chivalry, with the inevitable 
mule and butternut-clad driver, proud of his turnout as the gayest cockney 
with his four-in-hand of the finest specimen of the English coach horse, dash- 
ing forward with latest pattern of the stylish family coach. 

On the 5th of December, 1863, the rebels withdrew from in front of Knox- 
ville, and the 8th engaged in the i)ursuit as far as Rutledge, but on the L6th 
returned to Blain's Cross Roads, where it encamped. Two hundred and eighty- 
three of the regiment having reenlisted as veteran volunteers, on the 8th of 
January, 1864, commenced its march across the mountains by way of Cum- 
berland Gap, on its way to Detroit to report. On the 19th of January it 
arrived at Nicholasville, Kentucky, having performed a march through icy 
passes and rough mountain roads of nearly 200 miles in ten days. The reg- 
iment arrived at Detroit on the 25th and was furloughed for thirty days. 
Having received a large number of recruits it left its rendezvous at Flint on 
the 9th of March, for Cincinnati, wlience it proceeded to Annapolis, Md., and 
joined its corps, winch had been ordered to the Army of the Potomac. 
Remaining at Annapolis until April 23d, it moved via Washington to Warren- 
ton Junction. 

On tiie 4th of May, 1864, it commenced the campaign with the Army of 
the Potomac, serving in the 1st brigade, 3d division, 9th Army Corps (Burn- 
sides), crossing the Rapidan at Germania Ford, on the 6th, and on the 6th 
participated in the battle of the Wilderness, losing in the action 99 killed, 
wounded, and missing, including among the killed Colonel Graves, its com- 
manding olUcor. 

•' Gone in his beauty, 
Gone in his truth, 
Gone in liis glory, 
Gone in liis youth." 

The Annual Cyclopedia, 1864, contains the following: 

"At iiuoii the contest was comparatively suspended, and General Grant concentrated 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. '^'89 

his lines, Interposing the greater part of General Bumside's corps between Generals War- 
ren and Hancock. The left was also brought forward a little toward the center from the 
Brock road where it had been driven. These movements had hardly been completed 
when the forces of Generals Longstreet and Hill renewed the attack on the left and 
center with great fury, and drove tliem back. The fight was fiercest at the junction of 
these two corps, and General Crawford's 3d division of the 5th corps. General Carr's 4th 
division of the 2d corps, and General Stevens's division of the 9th corps suffered the 
most heavily. 

Oil the 8th it marched iu commaiKl of Colonel Ralph Ely, who had suc- 
ceeded to the command, through Chancellorsville, to Spottsylvania Court 
House, and on the 12th took part iu an assault on the enemy's intrenchments, 
losing 49 officers and men, Lieutenant Edgar A. Nye among the killed. 

The Annual Cyclopedia, 1864, also contains the following: 

" The whole line now pressed up to support the 2d corps. The 9th corps rushed in on 
the extreme left, converging toward the penetrated space, and joined its riglit to the left of 
the 2d corps. About 9 o'clock the enemy began to charge desperately upon the 2d and 
9th corps, to recover the lost works. For three hours a bloody light continued. At noon, 
however, they abandoned for a time the attempt to retake the position so obstinately held. " 

May 28th the regiment crossed the Pamunky and moved to Grove Church. 
In an attack on the enemy's lines on the 3d of June at Bethesda Church, near 
Cold Harbor, it lost 52 in killed, wounded, and missing, including Major W. 
Ely Lewis killed. 

From the Annual Cyclopedia, 1864: 

" On the right the 5th and 9th corps were advanced, but the conflict here was not so 
severe, as the force of the enemy was massed on their right. Still farther to the right 
the 3d division of cavalry under General Wilson was engaged with a force of the enemy 
under General Hampton, but without important results. The contest was continued with 
more or less vigor throughout the day. The enemy were found too strongly posted to 
carry their works, and all efforts to cross the Chickahominy at that point were repelled. 
The loss was nearly seven thousand in killed, wounded, and prisoners. The enemy lost 
many prisoners, but the advantages imder which they fought prevented their loss from 
bemg so severe." 

On the 13th it crossed the Chickahominy at Jones's Bridge, and on the 15th 
crossed the James river. By a forced march Petersburg was reached on the 
evening of the 16th. The regiment took part in the attacks on the enemy's 
works on the 17th and iSLh, losing 49 men. Lieutenant Thomas Campbell 
being among the killed of the 17th. 

The following extract is from the Annual Cyclopedia, 1864: 

" ♦ * * Early on Friday morning, June 17th, the assault was renewed by an order 
of General Burnside to General Potter's division to take the works on their front. The 
brigade of General Grilllii, supi)()rted by that of General Curtin, dashed forward, carrying 
the position, and capturing six guns, sixteen otticers, and four hundred men, with a loss 
of about five hundred men. A pause now ensued, but skirmishing was kept up by the 
picket lines, and there was a moderate lire of artillery. In the afternoon General Potter's 
division was relieved by that of General Ledlie. An advance of this latter division was 
ordered, under cover of artillery, upon the enemy's breastworks, from which, after a 
desperate conttsst, they were driven, and the position carried, with the capture of some 
prisoners. General Burnside was now about a mile and a half from the city, and threw 
some shells into it. Several attempts were made by the enemy to recover the intrench- 
ments during the day, but without success. About 9 o'clock at night, however, a 
desperate attempt to retake them was made and succeeded. "**••• 

From tiiis time to the 30ih of July it was employed in the erection of forti- 
fications. Being in the trendies, and almost coiistanllv undei" fire, it lost a 
number of men, casualties occurring daily. On the 3Uth of July it partici- 
pated in the engagement folh)wiiigf the explosion of the mine, with one killed 
and twelve wounded. Having moved to ilie Weldon railroad, it assisted, on 
37 



;^90 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

the 19th of August, in the repulse of the enemy's assault on our lines on that 
road, but sustained a loss of 30 in killed, wounded, and missing. Major 
Horatio Belclier fell in this engagement. The regiment again assisted in 
repelling the enemy's attack on our position. 

The following mention is made in the Annual Cyclopedia for 1864 of the 
division (Willcox's) to which the regiment belonged at the engagement on the 
Weldon railroad, August 19th, where the 8th lost heavily: 

" * • * On August 18th the 5th corps marched to Keam's Station, on the Weldon 
railroad, and surprised a body of the enemy guarding it, and took possession of the road. 
On the next day an impetuous charge was made on their right by three brigades of the 
enemy, under General Mahone. The pickets and an advance regiment were quickly 
driven back to their breastworks, and the enemy rushed through a gap in the line sepa- 
rating the divisions of Crawford and "Willcox. A desperate engagement now ensued. At 
the same time the left of the line was attacked by the enemy, under General Heth, and 
the temporary entrenchments *arried. On reaching the second line the enemy was 
brought to a stand, and then driven back with great slaughter. At this time reinforce- 
ments had arrived, consisting of the 1st and 2d divisions of the 9th corps. The Unes were 
thus finally rallied and the enemy driven back, retrieving in a measure the disaster at the 
outset. The Federal loss was estimated between 3,500 and 4,000. The enemy claim to 
have captured 2,700 prisoners. The Weldon railroad was thus recovered by the enemy 
as far as Yellow Tavern, but the position first taken by Warren was held." • » * • 

On September 30th, 1864, the regiment, then in the 1st brigade, let division, 
yih corps, crossed the Weldon road and participated in the engagement of that 
• late near Poplar Grove Church, sustaining a loss of eight wounded. 

From November 1st, the 8th was engaged on trench and picket duty near 
Peebles's Farm until the 29th, when, with its brigade and division, it took a 
position in our advance lines before Petersburg, where it was employed on the 
defenses and on picket duty. On March '^5th, 1865, in command of Major 
R. N. Doyle, it participated in repulsing the enemy in his assault on Fort 
Stead man, and on April 2d was engaged in the attack on his position at 
Fort Mahon, when it assisted in carrying the works at that point, and is 
leported to have been the first regiment to place its colors on that rebel strong- 
hold. Here Captain Henry B. Burritt was killed. 

The 8th at Fort Mahon was in the 1st brigade, 1st division (Willcox's) of 
the 9th corps, which is noticed in the Annual Cyclopedia for 1865 as follows: 

" * ' * The 9th corps advanced simultaneously with the 6th, and after the se- 
verest fighting on the field captured Fort Mahon, which covered the Jerusalem Plank 
Road. But the position was too important to be lost; the enemy charged in turn to retake 
it and were nearly successful, when by the approach of the 6th corps on the left he was 
once more driven back." * ♦ * ♦ 

On the 3d of April it marched into Petersburg, being among the first to 
enter that city, and on the 5th was detailed to guard the South Side Railroad, 
wliere it continued until the 20th, when it marched to City Point, and on the 
2l8t took transports for Alexandria, where it arrived on the 23d, and moved to 
Tannallytown on the 26th. On the 9th of May it marched into Washington, 
and was assigned to guard and patrol duty, and remained there until mustered 
out of service, July 30th. The regiment left Washington in command of Col- 
onel Fly, for Micnigan, August 1st, and on the 3d arrived at Detroit, where it 
was paid oif and ilisbaiided. 

The 8th, during its term of service, vvas engaged with the enemy at Port 
Royiil, S. C, November 7, 1861; Coosaw river, S. C, December 18, 1861; 
Port Royal Ferry, S. C, January 1, 1862; Pocotaligo, S. C, April — , 1862; 
Fort Pulaski, Ga., April 14, 1862; Wilmington Island, Ga., April 16, 1862; 
James Island, S. C, June 16. 1862; Bull Run, 2d, Va., August 29, 1862; 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 291 

€hantilly, Va., September 1, 1862; South Mountain, Md., September 14, 
1802; Antietam, Md., September 17, 18G3; Fredericksburg, Va., December 
12, 13, and 14, 1862; siege of Vicksburg, Miss., June 22 to July 4, 1803; 
Jackson, Miss., July 11 to 18, 1803; Blue Springs, Tenn., October 10, 1803; 
Loudon, Tenn., November 14, 1863; Lenoir Station, Tenn., November 15, 
1803; Campbell's Station, Tenn., November 10, 1803; siege of Knoxville, 
Tenn., November 1? to December 5, 1803; Fort Saunders, Tenn., November 
29, 1803; Wilderness, Va., May 5, 6, and 7, 1864; Spottsylvania, Va., May 
10, 11, and 12, 1804; Nortli Anna, Va., May 24 and 25, 1804; Betliesda 
Church, Va., June 2 and 3, 1804; Cold Harbor, Va., June 7, 1804; Peters- 
burg, Va., June 17 and 18, 1864; The Crater, Va., July 30, 1804; Weldou 
Hailroad, Va., August 19 to 21, 1864; Ream's Station, Va., August 25, 1864; 
Poplar Spring Church, Va., September 30, 1864; Pegram Farm, Va., October 
2, 1804; Boydton Road, Va., October 8, 1804; Hatcher's Run, Va., October 
27 and 28, 1864; Fort Steadman, Va., March 25, 1805; Fort Mahon, Va., 
A})ril 2, 1865; capture of Petersburg, April 3, 1865; siege of Petersburg, 
from June 17, 1864, to April 3, 1805. 

The total enrollment of the regiment was 1,792 officers and men, while its 
losses were 9 officers, 131 men killed in action; 3 officers, 64 men died of 
wounds; 2 officers, 195 meu died of disease. 

*' With rolling drum and banners gay, 
We sent them from our arms away; 
"With kisses on their Ups yet warm 
They met the battle's fearful storm; 
It passed and left them pale and low, 
W'ith faces toward the flying foe." 

Notes. — Order referring to Corporal J. Q. Adams (mortally wounded in the battle of 
Port Eoyal Ferry, January 1st, 18G2) : 

llEADQCAHTKUS "20 15RIGADK, I 

Beaufort, Suulh Carolina, January 7, 1862. \ 

Report relative to J. Q. Adams, 8th Michigan Infantry, Company A, wounded in the battle of the 
Isi instant, and left on the field: 

Ki'gioes Mnigo and another testify: Saw him in a wagon at the railroad, wounded in the riarht side; 
was surrounded by spectators; he would give no iuforraation; he received water to driiili from 
them; the rebels asked him if it was right to run them off their land; he said it was, and there 
werethose behind that would revenge his fall; remaining true to his flag, and conscious till 12 
o'clock at night, at which time he died. 

Headquarters 8th Michigan Regiment, > 

Camp near Beaufort, South Carolina, January 7, 1862. \ 
Special Order. 

In consideration of the noble and patriotic action, and heroic death of John Q. Adams, (Corporal 
of Company A, the above re))ort will be entered upon the regimental records with this order. 

By order of COLONEL WILLIAM M. FENTON, 

A. Minor Pratt, Adjutant. 

Charles Howard Gardner was a school boy about 13 years of ago, in the city of Flint 
when the war broke out. His father went to the held on the first call for troops in the 2d 
Michigan. Qn the second call, Charley's teacher, Captain S. C. Guild, joined the 8th 
Michigan. Charley, being very much attached to him, entreated to be to go with him. 
"I can go to the war with my drum, and take the place of a man," was the noble boy's 
persistent plea. "I think it my duty to go, especially as you, mother, do not greatly 
need me at homo." The poor njothcr, who had already surrendered her husband, reluc- 
tantly consented, and her boy joined the 8th Michigan with Cai>th,in Guild, ordered to 
Port ra)yal. On the way, Charley met his father in Washington; saw him a little way off; 
forgetting liiai he was hi the ranks, broke and ran to his father's arms. It was their last 
meeting on earth ; the father died soon after in Alexandria. Alter his father's death 
Charh^y writes: 

" Ueak Mother, —lam near broken-hearted. I try to be cheerful, bui 'tis of no use. Myniind 
constantly runs in the direction of home, a Iresh gush of tears come to my eyes and I have to weep. 
But, mother, if this is so hard for me, what must it be for you? Uon't take ii loo much to heart, 
for remeniiicr thai you have me left, and 1 will do my best to help you. I shall send you all my 
money hereafter, for 1 really do not need money here." 



ay^ MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

And this promise he fulfilled to the letter. His captain guarded him like a father. At 

the terrible battle of James Island the Captain, while on the parapet of the rebel works, 
was struck by a shot and fell over the wall into the rebel hands, and was seen no more. 
Charley so bereaved, his captain and dear friend gone, in his agony of soul ^murmurs, 
" Oh, how I pity his poor mother!" Charley passed through many severe engagements, 
often escaping death as it were by a miracle. Still he kept with the regiment ; was at 
Vicksburg, and with Burnside in the East Tennessee campaign, in the mountams, and at 
Knoxville. But duruig the siege of that place, a chance shot struck him on the shoulder 
and entered the lung. The surgeon wrote to his mother, " He has been in a dangerous 
condition, but is fast recovering." Next tidings, the regiment on the way home on vet- 
eran furlough; heard from at Louisville, at Indianapolis, at Michigan City, and last at 
Detroit. "He may be here to-night— he will be here to-morrow," said his devoted and 
loving mother. Every summons to the door was Charley. Everything was in readiness 
for a happy meeting; mother, sister, and brother waiting for him. The suspense is great 
and trying. A knock at the door! All start— all cry "'tis Charley!" All rush to the 
door. No ! A telegram: " The regiment has arrived, but Charley is dead!" 

While the 8th was stationed at Wilmington Island, S. C, Captain Kalph Ely, afterwards 
General Ely, was sent with a boat on a reconnoissance to the main land near Port Royal 
Ferry, where the river is about a mile wide. He had only four men with him, and when 
he landed one was left to look after the boat to keep it afloat and ready tor use at a 
moment's notice. He pushed out into the country with his three men nearly two miles. 
About half a mile from where the boat was left he had to cross a stream or marsh with a 
deep mud bottom, on a bridge some ten rods long, which was the only crossing to return 
to the boat, an open cotton field intervening. After passing the bridge he took some 
observations with his field glass, but did not see any signs of the enemy; he then moved 
in the direction of a large plantation, keeping as well as he could under cover of the 
brush. Occasionally using his glass, the advance was continued until the plantation was 
reached, some two miles from the boat. Getting on the roof of one of the buildings, and 
looking with his glass in the direction of a point of woods about half a mile off, he dis- 
covered rebel cavalry busily saddling their horses, and became at once satisfied that his 
party had been observed. No time was lost in commencing a retreat to the boat, which 
must be reached if possible, or at least the bridge, to save being entirely cut off and cap- 
tured. His retreat was through the cotton field, and the rebels being on horseback had 
to follow the highway, which lengthened their route to the bridge. The captain made as 
good time as is usually made under such circumstances, occasionally casting glances to 
the rear, only to see the cavalry coming at full speed, determined to reach the bridge 
first; but being good on foot, and spurred on in view of the immediate danger, Ely and 
his party reached it a short distance ahead — not more than ten rods or so in advance of 
the leading rebel officer, but entirely exhausted and out of breath. The boat was half a 
mile away, with some thirty or forty cavalry pressing closely. At the entrance to the 
bridge the party faced the enemy, bringing their guns to a ready; the rebels hesitated. 
He then directed his men to stand fast, and regaining his breath after the long chase, he 
ran from the bridge and through an open gate in the field, and gave the following orders 
as if to a largo force concealed about the bridge, and in a voice so that the cavalry would 
hear him, and cautioning his command to keep well to the right and under cover: "Attention 
batlaiinn! Take arms! Shoulder arms! Load at will! Load! Forward, march !" 
During this time nearly a whole company of cavalry had come together; he then went 
back where the three men were standing at the entrance to the bridge, stepped out in 
front, took off his cap, and dared tliem, in a short speech, to come on. But in place of 
doing that they beat a retreat, and left the captain and his three men masters of the 
field. A quick march was made to the boat and an embarkment made in the shortest 
time possible. Just as he got out of range of their carbines, the cavalry, fully a company 
strong, rode down to the bank of the river, evidently feeling very small at being so 
ingeniously outgeneraled and foiled by only five Yankees. The captain and party 
cheered them lustily, and bidding them good bye struck up the song of "Tramp, tramp, 
the boys aio marching," and wound up with "Old Jolm Brown." 



NINTH REGIMENT INFANTRY. 



" On trembling Freedom's trial day, 
And loud a& thunders in the sky, 
"Went up their herald's warning cry, 
' Let him who rends the Union die.' " 

The 9th Infantry was ojgainzed at Fort Wayne, near Detroit, under the 
following order : 

MiLITABT DePAKTMENT, MICHIGAN, 
ADTUTAXT GENIJKAIiS OFFICE, 

GenekaIj Okdeks, ) Detroit, September 10th, 1861. 

No. 74. S 

I. The field officers are hereby appointed to the 9th Kegiment Michigan Infantry, and 
will report for duty at this office on Monday, the 16th inst. : 

William W. Duffield, Colonel. John G. Parkhurst, Lieutenant Colonel. Dorus M. 
Fox, Major. 

II. Captains of companies having promises or encouragement of acceptance from the 
Commander-in-Chief in this regiment, will report to this office, on or before the 16th 
inst., the number of men enrolled ui their respective companies, and the time that will be 
required to complete their enrollment to the maximum number. 

As soon as companies report lull, they will be immediately ordered into rendezvous at 
Fort Wayne. 

As only a short time can be allowed in organizing the regiment, commanders of com- 
panies, in order to secure their acceptance, must be prompt in reporting and filling up 
•their companies. 

By order of the Commander-in-Chief. 

JNO. EOEEKTSON, 

Adjutant General. 

It was mustered into the service of the United States, October loth, iS61, 
witli a force of 913 officers and nien on its rolls, and left for the field in Ken- 
tucky on the ;^5th of that month, being the first regiment from Michigan to 
enter upon active service in the western departments of the army. 

FIELD and staff. 

WiUiam W. Duffield, Detroit, Colonel. John G. Parkhurst, Coldwater, Lieutenant 
Colonel. Dorus M. Fox, Lyons, Major. , , Surgeon. Cyrus Smith, Jack- 
son, .\s.si«tant Surgeon. Henry lii. Duffield, Detroit, Adjutant. Charles H. Irwin, 
Detroit, Quartermaster. James G. Portman, Lyons, Chaplain. 

A. Captain, William Wilkinson, Ilomeo. First Lieutenant, Albert Nye, Mt. Clemens. 
Second Lieutenant, Hiram Barrows, Borneo. 

B. Captain, Oliver C. Ilovmds, Niles. First Lieutenant, Moses A. Powell, Niles. Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, Leonard J. Wright, Niles. 

C. Captain, Charles V. Deland, Jackson. First Lieutenant, Joseph H. lott, Jackson. 
Second Litiutenant, J. Curtis Purdy, Jackson. 

D. Captain, John E. Smith, Lyons. First Lieutenant, Daniel 0. Moore, Lyons. Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, James N. Wallace, Lyons. 



294 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

E. Captain, Cyprian H. Millard, Linden. First Lieutenant, Moses A. Share, Detroit, 
Second Lieutenant, Stephen S. Barrows, Detroit. 

F. Captain, George K. Newcombe, Owosso. First Lieutenant, Samuel S. Bangs, Mar- 
Bhall. Second Lieutenant, Ephraim Marble, Marshall. 

G. Captain, George N. Chase, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Mortimer Mansfield, Cold- 
water. Second Lieutenant, William A. Hull, Coldwater. 

H. Captain, Andrew M. Adams, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Samuel A. Wiggins, Detroit. 
Second Lieutenant, Charles T. Fox, Lyons. 

I. Captain, William Jenney, Jr., Mt. Clemens. First Lieutenant, Blake W. Hornbeck,. 
Detroit. Second Lieutenant, Alanson P. Dickinson, Romeo. 

K. Captain, John A. Tanner, Fowlerville. First Lieutenant, Thomas J. Conely, Jack- 
son. Second Lieutenant, Lewis V. Curry, Brighton. 

Before its departure for the front, the regiment was presented at Fort Wayne 
by the liev. Dr. George Duffield, in an eloquent address, breathing of true pat- 
riotism, with a sijlendid silk banner, and inscribed thereon in beautiful char- 
acters: "Presented on the 23d of October, 1861, by the Kev. George Duffield, 
of Detroit, Michigan, to the 9th Michigan Infantry, his son. Colonel W. W. 
Duffield, conimanding." On the flag was also inscribed this motto: " Thou 
hasL given a banner to them that fear Thee, thac it may be displayed because 
of the truth. 'In the name of God we will set up our banners.' " 

The regiment was first stationed at Jeffersonville, lud., and in November, 
1861, moved from there to West Point, Ky., then to the summit of Mouldrous 
Hill, where it was employed in the conscruction of extensive field works and 
building and rej>airing roads and bridges until January 4th, 1862, when 
companies A, B, C, D, F, and K marched to Elizabethtown, arriving there 
Du the 6th. On the 0th Company F was sent to Nolin Bridge. On the 17th 
com[ninies E and G reached Elizabethtown from West Point, leaving I at that 
station. The entire regiment was concentrated at Elizabethtown on March 
9th. On the 11th and 13th it marched to West Point in command of Lieu- 
tenant Colonel Parkhurst, Colonel Duffield being in command of the 23d bri- 
gade, Army of the Cumberland. At VV^est Point it encamped, awaiting the 
arrival of the brigade referred to, and to which it had been attached, and on 
the 19th embarked with the brigade on the steamer Jacob JStrader for IS'ash- 
ville, Tenn., where it arrived on the 23d and encamped. 

On May 3d the brigade was ordered on au expedition in pursuit of General 
Morgan, then raiding in Middle Tennessee and threatening the Union lines of 
Communication, attacking trains, and committing depredations generally. 

Colonel Duffield overtook Morgan's force at Lebanon, May 5th, surprising 
him and driving in his pickets posted within a mile of that place. Morgan 
had taken possession of houses on the outskirts of the town, wiiere he was 
vigoioui«ly attacked, and after maintaining a heavy and well sustained tire 
was driven fn.m building to building until finally he was compelled to Uee, his 
forces Scattering in a most demoralized condition. 

Following is the report of Colonel Duffield covering in detail the operations 
of his command : 

Inkstek, Wayne County, Michig.\n, ) 
March 14, Iti.'^o. ) 

General,— Agroeiihly to your request I enclose you herewith a copy of my report of 
kho lifiht at Lebanon, May 5, 18G2. 

AlUioiigli the 'JLh Michif^iin Inlantry took no part in that battle as a regiment, yet their 
previous iiioveiiieiit to Shelbyville compelled Morgan to move northward, and thus 
broiigliL ou I lie battle wliicii resulted in the entire disorganization of his command. I re- 
fljaiii, General, your obedient servant, 

W. W DUFFIELD. 

GENKICAL Jno. lloiSEUTSON, 

Adjutant General titate of Michigan, Lansing. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 295 

Headquabters 23d Beigadk, Mubfreesboko, Tennessee, | 

Tuesday, May b'th, ISG'J. ) 

Captain:— Agreeably to verbal instructions received from Brigadier General E. Du- 
mont, I started in pursuit of the rebel force commanded by Colonel John H. Morgan, 
which attacked General .Mitchell's train at Pulaski, leaving early on the murniug of the 
3d instant, and taking with me the 9th Michigan Infantry, Lieutenant Colonel Parkhurst, 
and the 8th Kentucky Infantry, Colonel Barnes. 

Upon reaching Wartrace and finding that the Ith Kentucky Cavalry, Colonel Smith, had 
been ordered to Shelbyville, I directed Colonel Barnes to occupy that place with the 8th 
Kentucky Infantry, for the protection of the bridges at that poiiit, where it still remains. 
The Dth Michigan Infantry moved on to Shelbyville, where it arrived at 4 P. M. The 
rapid movement of these two regiments effectually prevented the enemy's return south- 
ward. From information obtained through patrols thrown forward to Uuionville I learned 
that the enemy was at that point and movuig northward. I telegraphed Colonel Lester 
of the 3d Minnesota Infantry, to place a strong guard at the bridges near Murfreesboro, 
and Colonel Barnes of the 8th Kentucky Infantry to adopt a similar precaution near War- 
trace, and after bivouacking for the night on the Fayetteville road near Shelbyville, pro- 
ceeded to Murfreesboro at daybreak on the 4th instant, by railway, with the 9th Michigan 
Infantry, halting at all the cross roads and throwing out patrols in both directions. 

On reaching Murfreesboro at 4.30 P. M., I learned that the enemy at noon had crossed 
the railway ten miles north of that place, tearing up the track and burning a quantity of 
cotton stored there; and that upon the arrival of the 1st Kentucky Cavalry, Colonel Wool- 
ford, from Nashville, Colonel Lester had despatched that force in pursuit, together with 
the 3d battaUon of the 7tli Pennsylvania Cavalry, Major Givan. The 4th Kentucky Cav- 
alry, Colonel Smith, having arrived with General Dumont and yourself from Shelbyville, 
and the 2d battalion of the 7th Pennsylvania Cavalry, Colonel Wyncoop, from Nashville, 
both these forces were dispatclied for Lebanon at 2 o'clock P. M. Learning this fact I 
left Murfreesboro at 5 P. M.. taking with me Lieutenant Colonel John G. Parkhurst, of 
the 9th Michigan Infantry, Assistant Adjutant General Henry M. Duflield, Assistant Quar- 
termaster Charles H. Irwin, Lieutenant A. M. Dobbelaire, A. D. C , of my own staff, and 
fifteen cavalry of my own escort, and when eight miles north of Murfreesboro I met the 
1st Kentucky Cavalry and 3d battalion of the 7th Pennsylvania Cavalry returning, under 
the impression that I had been cut off at Shelbyville and needed reinforcements. I 
directed them to turn back with me and endeavor to overtake the force recently despatched 
from Murfreesboro under General Dumont, and pushed on all night for Lebanon. The 
forces under General Dumont having halted at 1 o'clock on the morning of the 5th instant 
within four miles of that place, we succeeded in overtaking them, and rested until day- 
break. The column was then put in motion, proceeding at the galop, drove in the pickets 
and charged into the town. The enemy was completely surprised and was only aware of 
our presence by the fire of his pickets, posted less than a mile from the village. His main 
force was quartered at the college buildings on the outskirts of the town, from wliich he 
endeavored on foot to reach the livery stables in the village where his horses were stabled, 
to saddle up and mount, but being overtaken by the head of our column, threw himself 
into the houses lining the road and maintained a heavy and well sustamed fire from the 
windows upon each side of the street. He was, however, driven from house to house 
until he fled from the town in the wildest confusion. 

I need not inform you of the personal daring and gallantry of our troops exposed as they 
were to this murderous cross and fianking fire from a sheltered and concealed foe, yet 
still deUvering their fire at the windows with great coolness and precision, falling back to 
load and agaua returning to the attack, as both General Dumont and yourself were present 
and can speak from personal observation. During the time occupied in forchig the street 
a large portion of the enemy ralhed in the public square, but were repulsed by a vigorous 
charge and retreated toward the north and east, our troops following in close pursuit. 
General Dumont and yourself having followed, directing the pursuit, and being left in charge 
of the town, I directed Lieutenant Colonel Parkhurst to search ihe vMage and collect the 
wounded with the members of my own staff and escort who diii not join in the pursuit. 
While so engaged several scattering shots were fired upon us from the windows of the 
adjoining houses, and a sudden and most unexpected volley poured in from the windows 
of Odd Fellows' Hall. This attack was so unexpected that our little force fell back in 
great disorder, but was soon rallied in the public square. The Odd Fellows' Hall was a 
large two-story brick building in the center of the village, immediately opposite tlie sta- 
bles occupied by the enemy's horses, and he had thrown himself into it, barricaded the 
lower windows and doors, and was firing from the second story windows. All the Ken- 
tucky and Pennsylvania troops having followed in pursuit of the enemy, and several of 
the escort having been wounded in the attack, our whole force left In Lebanon, uicluding 
staff officers, did not exceed fifteen effective men. Having no artillery with which to shell 



296 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

out the enemy, I directed our little force to advance under cover of thfi houses and stables 
on the other side of the street, to maintain a steady tire upon the windows, and when 
the enemy's fire had been silenced to demand an unconditional surrender, and in case of 
refusal to fire the building. This was done and the enemy laid down his arms and sur- 
rendered. His force consisted of fifty privates, ten non-commissioned officers, four lieu- 
tenants, one captain, and the field officer in command, Lieutenant Colonel Robert Bh Wood, 
Jr., of Adams's Cavalry, or sixty-six in all who were turned over to General Dumont on 
his return that afternoon. 

I enclose you herewith the full list of prisoners captured, with their several names and 
rank, and an inventory of the captured arms, horses, and other property. 
I remain, Caiptain, your obedient servant, 

W. W. DUFFIELD. 
Captain T. P. M. Bkayton, Commanding 23d Brigade. 

Assistant Adjutant General, Nashville, Tennessee. 

lu June following, the regiment in command of Lieutenant Colonel Park- 
hurst, formed part of a force under General Negley, which made a demonstra- 
tion on Cliiiuunooga for the purpose of drawing off the numerous rebel com- 
mands then raiding and threatening several stations of Union troops between 
Nashville and that point. 

On the ^8th of May the command, consisting of about five thousand men, 
commenced the march, and on reaching Winchester, June 3d, dispersed a 
small force of the enemy, capturing several prisoners. * On the same day he 
made a forced march of twenty miles over a rugged and almost impassable 
mountain road, capturing the enemy's pickets at Sweeden's Cove, completely 
surprising General Adam's command of rebel cavalry encamped at the foot of 
a mountain. After a hand to hand fight in a narrow lane and on broken 
ground the enemy was routed with a loss of twenty killed and double that 
number wounded. Fleeing in great confusion and disorder, throwing away 
their arms and equipments, leaving their ammunition and commissary wagons, 
they did not stop their flight until they reached Chattanooga, forty miles 
distant. 

On June 5th Negley reached Jasper, beyond his base of supplies, when he 
disposed his troops to protect his flanks by placing Sill's division at Shell 
Mound, and a regiment at Battle Creek, then marched on Chattanooga with 
his main force, arriving in front of that place on June 6th. Next day a bat- 
tle ensued, consisting principally of heavy cannonading, lasting an hour and 
a half, when the enemy were driven from their guns, leaving three badly 
disabled. 

During the evening of the 7th the enemy threatened to cross the river 
opposite Chattanooga and at Shell Mound, but the disposition of the Union 
force prevented them from carrying their plan into effect. 

On tlie morning of the 8th Colonel Scribner's command took position before 
Chattanooga and opened fire upon their works with his artillery, while the 
infantry advanced within six hundred yards of their sharpshooters, driving 
them from siielter. 

Having again silenced the enemy's guns and driven him from his position 
and out of Chattanooga, and not having force enough to cross the river in 
face of a heavy fire, or to hold the place if successful, he withdrew from the 
attack and dividcil his troops. Scribner's command marched for the 
Sequatchie Valley, General Tuichin's brigade being stationed at Battle Creek, 
while Negley pursued General Starns via the Almont and Thievman roatl, 
returning by way of Shelbyville and Manchester, and resumed command at 
Columbia. 

On July i;3th four com])anie8, E, U, F, and I, of the regiment being at Tulla- 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 297 

homa, in cominaud of Major Fox, the remaining six companies in command 
of Lieutenant Colonel Parkhurst, with other troops, were attacked at Mur- 
freesboro by a heavy rebel force commanded by General N. B. Forrest, and 
after a sharp strugijle had to surrender, losing 13 killed and 78 wounded. 
Among the killed was Lieutenant Alpheus Chase. The wounded officers 
(including Colonel Duffield) and men were at once paroled, and they, together 
with the remaining officers, were afterwards exchanged. 

This battle being prominent in the service of the regiment, the report of 
Colonel Duffield, and an extract from the report of Colonel Parkhurst, cover- 
ing the affair, are inserted, as they give a full and detailed account of the 
whole engagement: 

Murfreesboro, Tenn., July 23d, 1862. 

ColoneIj, — Although I had not formally assumed command of the 23d brigade, yet as 
Brigadier General Thomas L. Crittenden and the other officers of the command have been 
captured and foi-warded to Chattanooga, permit me to submit the following report of such 
portion of the attack made on the 13th inst. as came under my own personal observation. 

I arrived here after an absence of two months, in the afternoon of the 11th inst., com- 
ing down on the same train as Brigadier General Thomas L. Crittenden, the newly- 
appointed commander of the post, and found that several material changes had been 
made in the location and encampment of the 23d brigade since my departure. Instead of 
the whole command camping together, as it had done, it was separated into two portions 
several mUes apart. The brigade had never been drilled as such, nor a brigade guard 
mounted; each regiment furnished its quota of officers and men and watched certain 
roads; and worse than all, the commanding officers of the respective regiments were on 
ill terms with each other, and this feeling on one occasion had broken out into an open 
personal quarrel. The result was a great lack of discipUne, and a bitter feeling of 
jealousy between the different regiments, manifesting itself in the personal encounters of 
the men when they met upon the street. There was no order, no harmony. The parts 
■of the machine did not fit well, and the commanding otiicer seems either not to have pos- 
sessed the will or the ability to adjust them. 

General Crittenden and myself, immediately after our arrival, visited the several camps 
discussed the impropriety of a divided command, and decided upon a concentration, but 
as neither of us had assumed command we deferred it until the morrow. But on the 
morrow the blow fell and the danger we anticipated became a realitj-. General Critten- 
den made his headquarters in town, while I preferred camping with my own men, and 
therefore pitched my tent with the five companies of the 9th Michigan Volunteers. 

The force then at Murfreesboro was as follows: Five companies. A, C, G, H, and K, 
9th Michigan Volunteers, Lieutenant Colonel Parkhurst commanding, two hundred strong, 
together with the 1st squadron, dth Kentucky Cavalry, Captain Chilson, eighty-one 
strong, were camped three-fourths of a mile east of the town, upon the Liberty turnpike. 
One company, B, 9th Michigan Volunteers, Captain Rounds, forty-two strong, occupied 
the court-house, the other companies 9th Michigan Volunteers having been ordered to 
Tullahoma a month since, while nine companies of the 3d Minnesota Volunteers. Colonel 
Lester (one company being on detached duty as train guard), four hundred and fifty 
strong, and Hewitt's 1st Kentucky Battery (two sections), seventy-two strong, occupied 
the east bank of Stone river at a distance of more tlian three miles from the encampment 
of the detachment of the 9th Michigan Volunteers. Orders were received from Nashville 
the evening of the 12th inst., directmg the 1st squadron, 4th Kentucky Cavalry, to proceed 
immediately to Lebanon. 

The total effective strength of the command at Murfreesboro on the morning of the 
13th inst., did not therefore exceed eight hundred and fourteen men, including pickets. 
The attack was made at daybreak on the morning of the 13th mst., by the 2d cavalry 
brigade, C. S. A., Brigadier General N. B. Forrest, over tliree thousand strong, consist- 
ing of one Texas regiment. Lieutenant Colonel Walker, the 1st and 2d Georgia regiments. 
Colonels Wharton and Hood, one Alabama regiment. Colonel Saunders, and one Tennes- 
see rtigiment, Colonel Lawton. The noise of so many hoofs at full speed upon the macad- 
amized roads was so great that the alarm was given before the head of the column reached 
our pickets, about one mile distant, so that our men were formed and rt'ady to receive them, 
although they came in at full speed. The Texan and a battalion of one of the Georgia 
regiments, in all over eight hundred strong, attacked the five companies of the 9th 
Michigan Volunteers. So fierce and impetuous was their attack that our men were forced 
nearly to the center of the camp, but they fell back steadily and in order, with their faces 

3S 



298 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

to the foe; but upon reaching the center of camp their line was brought to a halt, and 
after twenty minutes of nearly hand to hand fighting the enemy broke and fled in the 
wildest confusion, followed in close pursuit by one company as skirmishers. A squadron 
of cavalry at this time laimched at their heels would have utterly routed and annihilated 
them. Indeed, so great was their panic that their officers were unable to check the fugi- 
tives for a space of seven miles, and Colonel Lawton, commanding the Georgia reVment, 
was subsequently arrested by General Forrest for misconduct uuderthefireof the enemy. 
During this attack, both officers and men, with one single exception, behaved very hand- 
somely. There was no excitement, no hurry, no confusion, everything was done calmly, 
quietly, and in obedience to orders, But it is with the deepest shame and mortification 
I am compelled to report that an officer of Michigan has been guilty of gross cowardness 
in the face of the enemy, who at the first alarm left his quarters, abandoned his company, 
and fled from his command under the enemy's fire, and I therefore enclose you herewith 
charges preferred against him for violation of the 52d article of war. Captain Charles V. 
DeLand, company C, 9th Michigan Volunteers, deserves especial notice for cool and 
gallant conduct throughout the action, and the fearless manner in which he led his com- 
pany as skirmishers in pursuit of the enemy when repulsed; also First Lieutenant Hiram 
Barrows, company A, same regiment, for the tenacity with which he held his ground 
although sorely pressed by the enemy. 

The loas of the detachment of. the 9th Michigan Volunteers has been very severe for 
the number engaged, amounting to one officer and twelve men killed, and three officers 
and seventy-five men wounded. The enemy's loss has been much more severe than our 
own, more than double of their dead were buried with ours, and their wounded are found 
in almost every house. Among the wounded are a colonel, a major, two adjutants, and 
one surgeon. 

I enclose you herewith the surgeon's report of the killed and wounded of the 9th 
Michigan Volunteers. 

Not having been present at the subsequent surrender of the detachment of the 9th 
Michigan Volunteers under Lieutenant Colonel Parkhurst, I can only state the facts as 
reported to me, which show that this force isolated and reduced by killed and wounded to 
less than seventy-five men, after having held their ground from 4 o'clock A. M. to 1 
o'clock P. M., were compelled to surrender or be cut to pieces by the entire force of the 
enemy. I am reliably informed that company B, 9th Michigan Volunteers, under com- 
mand of First Lieutenant Wright, held the court house against an incessant attack by a 
greatly superior force from 4 A. M. till 7^ P. M., and did not surrender till the enemy had 
possession of the lower story of the building, and had started a fire with the evident 
intention of burning them out. 

Of the surrender of the 3d Minnesota volunteers and Hewitt's 1st Kentucky Artillery, 
under command of Colonel Lester, I cannot speak from personal knowledge, nor have I 
received any information from sources sufficiently reliable to warrant my communicating 
to you any details. Indeed, I would much prefer not to do so. The circumstances of the 
case as reported bear painfully on the honor of a brother officer now a prisoner of war 
and who is therefore unable to defend hinaself. 

I enclose a list of the killed and wounded of the 3d Minnesota Volunteers, furnished me 
by the asaistant surgeon of that regiment, amounting to two killed and eight wounded, 
one of whom was killed and two wounded in fine, and the remainder in camp. 

In the early part of this attack I received two gunshot wounds, one passing through the 
right testicle, the other through the left thigh. These, although very painful and bleed- 
ing, did not prevent me from remaining with my own regiment until the attack was 
repulsed, when, fainting from pain and loss of blood, I was carried from the field, and was 
therefore not a witness of what subsequently occurred. 

At noon of the same day I was made prisoner by General Forrest, but in my then help- 
less condition was released upon my parole not to bear arms against the Confederate 
States until regularly exchanged. 

I remain, Colonel, j'our obedient servant, 

WM. W. DUFFIELD, 
Colonel 9th Michigan Infantry, Commanding 23d Brigade. 

COLONEii James B. Fry, A. A. G., Chief of Staff, Huntaville, Ala. 

Colonel Piirkhurst says: 

In this battle (Murfreesboro) five companies (A, 0, E, G, and K) of the 9th, four com- 
panli's heing detached and on duty at Tullahoraa, and one company being also detached 
and on duty as provost guard of tiie city of Murfreesboro, nuinboiing about two hundred 
and fifty men, fougiit a force of about three thousand cavalry, under the immediate com- 
mand of the rebel General N. B. Forrest. The fight commenced at 4 o'clock in the morn- 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 299 

In^ by the rebel force, about 2,000 strong, charging upon the camp of the regiment, but 
the timely warning of the camp guard enabled me to get my men in position to receive 
the charge, and after a desperate contest of about thirty minutes, which terminated in a 
hand-to-hand fight, we repelled the charge and drove the enemy from camp. A second 
charge was soon made, which was less determined in its character and less successful to 
the enemy than the first charge. From this time until half past 12 o'clock— eight and a 
half hours from the first attack — the fighting was kept up in an irregular manner, some- 
times by skirmish lines and sometimes by sortie of the regiment. Within one mile of my 
caiup was the 3d Regiment lliiuiesota Volunteer Infantry, under command of Colonel Les- 
ter, who was also at the time in command of the post (afterwards dismissed for cowardice 
on this occasion), and Hewitt's Kentucky battery. During the engagement I sent three 
distinct messages to Colonel Lester, all of which he received, informing him of my situation 
and of my ability to hold it till lie could come to my assistance, but Colonel Lester refused 
to afford me any assistance, refused to fight, and refused to allow his command to fight. 
Consequently at half past 12 o'clock, having lost thirteen killed and eighty-seven wounded 
(over one-third of my command), and being reduced to one hundred and thirty-seven 
men and officers, the enemy, having nothing to apprehend from the Minnesota regiment 
and Hewitt's battery, concentrating his whole force upon the camp, I was compelled to 
surrender or suffer my little force to be cut up alive. Company B, on duty as provost 
guard under command of Lieutenant Wright, held possession of the court-house for two 
hours after they were attacked, and until the enemy had fired the building, and in the 
meantime killed and wounded a large number of the enemy. The rebel loss in the fight 
was veiy much greater than ours, both in killed and wounded, and Colonel Wharton, of 
the Texas Rangers, in command of a portion of the attacking party, was reprimanded by 
General Forrest for his defeat in his effort to capture the camp. 

I look upon this fight of the 9th Michigan Infantry as one of the most gallant of the 
war, and for which the regiment has never received a proper degree of credit, having in a 
maimer received the reproach which should have attached solely to Colonel Lester, of the 
3d Minnesota, whose refusal to allow his regiment and Hewitt's battery to go into the 
fight was the sole cause of the capture of Murfreesboro. 

In November, ISQ'i, the regiment was stationed near Nashville, and entered 
on the campaign of General Rosecrans, then operating against the enemy at 
that time near Murfreesboro, and was engaged at Lavergne on the 27tii of 
December. Before the battle of Stone Kiver the 9th was detailed by Major 
General Thomas as a special guard for his headquarters, aud also for provost 
guard duty for the 14 th corps, with its position at the headquarters of General 
Thomas. During the engagement of Stone Uiver, on December 30th and 
31st, 1802, and January 1st, 2d, and 3d following, the regiment, in command 
of Colonel Parkhurst, performed most signal service in checking the rout of a 
part of the right wing of the Union forces while being driven back by an over- 
whelming force and under a terrific fire, holding large numbers of them in 
check at the point of the bayonet, compelling the retreating masses to return 
to their duty and hold their ground. 

Covering this service an extract from a report of Colonel Parkhurst is 
inserted : 

" Before the battle (Stone river) the regiment was detailed by Major General Thomas 
as his select guard for liimself, staff, and headquarters, and for provost duly for tlio 14th 
army corps, and its position was at the headquarters of Major General Thomas. On the 
morning of the 31st of December the battle was opened by the enemy attacking General 
Rosecrans's right, which was under the immediate command of Major General McCook, 
and the attack was made with such force as to put our forces on the right to rout and 
utterly to demoralize them, and a general stampede was the result. 'Teamsters, army 
transportation, cavalry, and infantry came rushing In confusion and terror, and it seemed 
that the whole army liad broken and was rushing to the rear and for the Niishville Pike. 
My regiment being in the rear of the center of ihe line of battle and at the bridge over 
Overall's Creek on the Nashville Pike, and believing that the fate of the army depended 
upon checking the stampede and stopping the lleeiug and frigiitened troops, I at once put 
the regiment in line of ijattle extending either side of the pike, with fixed bayonets, with 
flankers extending on either fiank, and with orders to stop everything but wounded men. 
I had barely time to form when our cavalry rushed upon my line with great force aud like 



300 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

men making a desperate charge, and it was with the utmost difficulty that we were ena- 
bled to checli the first charge made upon our line, but by a free use of the sabre and the 
bayonet we were enabled to hold the first rush of cavalry; then came infantry, then artil- 
lery, then more cavalry, but by this time I had succeeded in organizing the fleeing cavalry 
and forming them in line on our flanks, and in placing several pieces of fleeing artillery in 
position. 

"I had now a force of about two thousand cavalry and about three thousand infantiy, 
and eleven pieces of artillery in position, and all organized from the stampeded and demor- 
alized troops of our army. At this juncture the -rebel cavalry following our routed army 
made a charge upon my'advanced lines, which was handsomely repulsed by the cavalry I 
had organized from the troops which but a few minutes previous had given way in despair 
and were fleeing for dear life. After the repulse of the rebel cavalry our cavalry pursued 
the enemy till he had reached the woods to the right of the Pike; and soon after tliis a brig- 
ade under command of Colonel Walker, of the 31st Ohio, came to my aid from Stewart's 
creek, and immediately set to work organizing the stragglers and sending them under a 
guard, from the 9th Micliigan, to their commands as fast as their location was discovered. 
For this service the 9th Michigan Infantry received a very flattering mention by Major 
General Thomas in his report of the battle of Stone liver, but which did not appear in the 
partisan record as made up for ' The Annals of the Army of the Cumberland.' I feel, and 
have no hesitancy in saying, that had not the 9th Michigan Infantry by their determined 
courage checked the stampede of the right wing of General Rosecrans's army on the 
morning of the 31st of December, the demoralization would have extended to the whole 
army, the battle of Stone river would have resulted in the defeat of the Federal arms, and 
General Rosecrans would have been compelled to fall back upon Nashville." 

At the battle of Chickamauga on September 19t.h and l^Oth, 1863, the regi- 
ment was engaged on provost duty, rendering most valuable service. It was 
also present at tlie battle of Mission Ridge on November :^5th following. 

Extract from General Thomas's report of battle of Chickamauga: 

"Colonel J. G. Parkhurst, commanding 9th Michigan Volunteers, and Provost Marshal 
of the 14th army corps, at the head of his regiment, did most valuable service on the 
20th in arresting stragglers and in reorganizing the troops who had been driven from the 
field." 

Colonel Parkliurst being detached as Provost Marshal General, Army of the 
Cumberland, with Lieutenant H. M. Duffield as A, A. Adjutant General, the 
9th, in command of Colonel Wilkinson, was from the 1st of November, 1863, 
to the early part of December, employed on provost duty at Chattanooga, 
Tennessee, being attached to the headquarters of the 14th army corps. In 
December, the reginrent, to the number of 306, reenlisted as a veteran organ- 
ization. On its arrival at Coldwaler, in this State, on the 5th of January, 
1864, the regiment was furloughed for thiriy days. It reassembled at the same 
})lace, where it, received recruits. Ijeaving Coldwaterou the 20th of February, 
with about 5U0 men, the regiment returned to Chattanooga, and was attached 
to tlie heailquarters of tiie department of the Cumberland. On the 3d of May 
the 9th marched from Chattanooga, with the headquarters of the army of the 
Cumberland, and participated, with that army, in the campaign in Georgia, 
being present at the actions of Rocky Face, Georgia, May 8th, 1864; Resaca, 
Georgia, May 14th; Dallas, Georgia, May 2?th ; Kenesaw, Georgia, June :c:5tii ; 
CiiaLlahoochee river, Georgia, July 5th to 6th; siege of Atlanta, Georgia, July 
22d to August 5>5th; Jonesboro, Georgia, September 1st. It entered Atlanta 
on its evacuation by the rebel army, and was engaged in provost duty until 
that city was evacuated by our forces. The regiment then returned to Chatta- 
nooga. On November Ist, 1864, it was at Marietta, Georgia, en route from 
Atlanta to Ciiattanooga, 'J'ennessee, by rail, having left the former place tiie 
day previous. On the Otii it reached Chattanooga, where it remained in camp, 

Lleutonant Ohas F. Fox was killed In a skirmish at Twyree Springs.^ptember 2d7l862! 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 301 

doing guard duty at the headquarters of the army of the Cumberland, also 
picket duty for that post, until tlie 27th of xMarch, 1865, wlien General Thomas 
having removed his headquarters to Nashville, it was ordered to that point, and 
on the ^9th arrived there by rail, and w;ts assigned to duty, guarding the mil- 
itary prison, and also at General Thomas's headquarters. The regiment con- 
tinued at Nashville, performing the same general service until Se[)tt'mber lotli, 
when it was mustered out, and the day following, in command of Colonel U'il- 
kins(Ui, left for Micltigan, arriving at Jackson on the IDth, and ou the !iGth 
and 2?th was paid off and disbanded. 

The 9th. during a large portion of its service, was the trusted body guard of 
General Thomas, and provost guard of the Army of the Cumberland, receiving 
h s entire confidence for courage and fidelity in the discharge of duty. Com- 
pliments coming from such a source gives the regiment an endorsement 
scarcely equaled by that of any oilier regiment in the service. 

The regiment participated in engagements at Murfreesboro, Tenn., July 13, 
1862; Lavergne, Tenn., December 2?, 1862; Stone River, Tenn., December 
29 to 31, 1862, January 1 and 2, 18(53; Chickamauga, Ga., September 19 and 
20, 1863; Mission Ridge, Tenn., November 25, 1863; Rocky Face, Ga., May 
8, 1864 ; Resaca, Ga., May 14, 1864 ; Dallas, Ga., May 27, 1864 ; Kenesaw, 
Ga., June, 25, 1864; Chattahoochee River, Ga., July 5 and 6, 1864; siege of 
Atlanta, Ga., July 22 to August 25, 1864; Jonesboro, Ga., September 1, 1864. 

The records show a membership of 2,272 officers and men during its entire 
service. 

It suffered severely from sickness in the early part of its service, and lost in 
all 29-^. iif which 2 officers and 11 men were killed iu action, 7 men by wounds, 
4 officers and 268 men by disease. 

" On mountain sides 

In ocean's tides, 
Our slumbering heroes calmly wait, 

Till years are run, 

Time's work all done, 
One Mighty Hand shall swing death's gate, 

And bear them up beyond the sun. " 



TENTH REGIMENT INFANTRY. 



When rebels seek our subjugation? 
Perish the thouji:ht! our blades are drawn, 
Thicli as the summer blades of com, 
Swift to defend our bleeding nation." 

The raising of the 10th lufantry was commenced by the appointment of the 
field officers, November 20th, 1861, when recruiting for it was at once begun, 
but the formation of the regiment was not comi)leted until February 3d, 1863, 
when the following companies were assigned, and which constituted the com- 
position of the regiment as it went to the field: 

A, Byron Guard, Byron. B, Saginaw Rangers, Saginaw. C, Orion "Union Guaird, 
Orion. D, Sanilac Pioneers, Sanilac. E, Scarrett Guard, Port Huron. F, Holt Guard, 
Almont. G, Lum Guard, Memphis. H, McClellan Guard, Pontiac. I, Genesee Eangers, 
Flint. K, Dickerson Guard, Hillsdale. 

The rendezvous of the regiment was located at Flint, Colonel E. H. Thom- 
son receiving from the Governor the appointment of commandant of camp, a 
civil otiice authorized by the War Department. 

While in camp at Flint, Colonel Thomson, in one of his eminently patriotic 
speeches, presented, on behalf of the citizens of Flint, a very elegant flag, 
made of the best roll silk, on which was inscribed tlie name of the regiment, 
and the word " Tuebor;^^ on a silver band on the staff the words, "Presented 
to the Tenth Regiment Michigan Infantry by the citizens of Flint." A 
response in good spirit and taste, by Colonel 0. M. Lum, commanding the 
regiment, with a prayer by the Rev, J. S. Boyden. Judge Avery, of Flint, 
and Professor Siddons followed with brief and appropriate speeclies. 

A second flag — the gift of Colonel Lum — was given to the regiment imme- 
diately preceding the Atlanta campaign, which was carried through that cam- 
paign and the Sherman march to the sea. 

The 10th was mustered into the service as a regiment on February 6th, 
1862. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Charles M. Lum, Colonel, Detroit. Christopher J. Dickerson, Lieutenant Colonel, 
Hillsdale. James J. Scarrett, Major, Port Huron. James 0. Willson, Surgeon, Flint. 
Fraiilciin B. Galbraith, Assistant Surgeon, Lexington. Sylvester D. Cowles, Adjutant, 
Pontiac. Edwin A. Skinner, Quartermaster, Detroit. Jesse S. Boyden, Chaplain, Flint. 

A. Captain, Henry S. Bunn'tt, Goodrich. First Lieutenant, Robert F. Guiick, Cor- 
ruiia. Second Lieutenant, Bradiord Cook, Howell. 

B. Cai)tain, Charles H. Kichman, Saginaw City. First Lieutenant, Harvey Lyon, Mid- 
land City. Second Liiuitenunt, George Turner, Midland. 

C. Captain, Myron Bunnell, Goodrich. First Lieutenant, Benjamhi B. Redfield, Orion. 
Second Lieutenant, Alva A. Collins, Orion. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 303 

D. Captain, Israel Huckins, Lexington. First Lieutenant, Hannibal H. Nims, Lexing- 
ton. Second Lieutenant, Georije W. Jenks, Lexington. 

E. Captain, William Hartsuff, Port Huron. First Lieutenant, Daniel Leach, Cliina. 
Second Lieutenant, Ed. F. Bunce, Port Huron. 

F. Captain, Walter P. Beach, Lapeer. First Lieutenant, Noah H. Hart, Lapeer. Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, Calvin M. Hall, Almont. 

G. Captain, Lafayette L. Deining, Jackson. First Lieutenant, William H. Dunphy, 
Memphis. Second Lieutenant, Hiram B. Pierson, Jackson. 

H. Captain, John Piersons, Pontiac. First Lieutenant, Sylvan Ter Bush, Pontiao. 
Second Lieutenant, Nathan Levy, Rochester, N. Y. 

I. Captain, Russell M. Barker, Flint. First Lieutenant, Piatt S. Titus, Detroit. Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, John Algoe, Flint. 

K. Captain, Ethel Judd, North Adams. First Lieutenant, John T. Storer, Hillsdale. 
Second Lieutenant, , . 

Owing to au unaccountable delay in the payment of the regiment, it did not 
leave the State until tlie 22d of April, when, with a force of 997 officers and 
men on its rolls, it went to the field in command of Colonel Lum, and on 
reaching Pittsburg Landing, Mississippi, reported to General lialleck on April 
28th, when it was assigned to the 2d brigade of General Pope's division, right 
wing, army of the Mississippi, then stationed at Farmingtou, in front of 
Corinth. 

From May 8th following, until the 26th it was engaged in making recon- 
noissances and in skirmishing with the enemy, then holding a position at Cor- 
inth. On the 26th a successful effort was made to dislodge a rebel line of 
sharpshooters in front of the picket line of the 10th. Here the first loss to 
the regiment occurred, in the death of its Adjutant, Sylvester D. Cowles, who 
was killed by the enemy's sharpshooters. 

On the 28th the 10th moved to a point in the advance on Corinth, and there 
throwing up earthworks, aided in maintaining tlie siege until tiie 30th, when it 
was ascertained that the enemy had removed all their supplies, blown up their 
magazine, and evacuated their position. 

June 1st it marched to Boonville, and on making a reconnoissance on the 
3d found the enemy strongly entrenched. After numerous marches and skir- 
mishes the regiment went into camp near Corinth on June 15th, wliere it 
remained until July 20th, when it was ordered to 'J'uscunibia, Alabama, reach- 
ing there on the 25th, where the headquarters of the legitnent were established. 
From this point four companies in command of Lieutenant Colonel Dickerson 
were sent to Town Creek Bridge, one company to Florence on provost duty, 
and another to Little Bear Creek, while the other four companies remained 
at Tuscumbia on provost duty under Major Scarritt, Colonel Lum being in 
command of the brigade since tiie 2d of May. 

On Septen)ber 3d the regiment, under orders, commenced a maich for 
Nashville, meeting with slight opposition by guerillas near Athens, Pulaski, 
and Columbia, whose attacks were mainly upon the train and guard. On the 
11th it bivouacked within two miles of Nashville, having lost but one man 
during the march. Here the regiment remained until the 15th on picket duty, 
when It went into camp in the city under command of General Negley. Before 
reaciiiiig Nashville the division to whicli the 10th was attached had been trans- 
ferred to ihe newly formed army of the Cumberland, Major General Rosecrans 
comu)anding, and the regiment was assigned to the 1st brigade, 2d division, 
14th aimy corps, Brigadier General J. M. Palmer commanding division. 

At Nashville the duties were heavy, fortifying, picketing, reconnoitering, 
foraging and guarding trains, while rations were extremely short until about 



304 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

November 7th, when a portion of Rosecrans's army opened communication from 
Louisville to Mitchellville, thirty-five miles from Nashville, to which place the 
bri,^ade train, guarded by the 10th, was sent for rations, returning on the 10th 
to Nashville. 

December 31st as guard to an ammunition train for the army at Stone River, 
it accomplished a march of fifty-four miles in thirty-six hours. The entire 
regiment was not engaged in any one action during the year, though several 
detachments, while guarding trains, had severe encounters with the enemy's 
cavalry and guerrillas, and had been partially engaged with the rebels at Farm- 
ingtou. Miss., May 9, 1862; siege of Corinth, Miss., May 10 to 31, 1863; 
Booneville, Miss., June 1, 1863; Nashville, Tenn., Nov. 5, 1862, and at Stone 
River, Tenn., Dec. 29, 31, 1862, Jan. 2, 3, 1863, where the regiment was held 
in reserve. 

On the 3d of January, 1863, Companies **A" and **D," while guarding a 
supply train on the Murfreesboro road, were attacked by a large force of guer- 
rillas and repulsed them, killing fifteen and taking as many more prisoners, 
without loss to themselves. On the 35th a squad of men, guarding a construc- 
tion train, were captured by 200 rebel cavalry. Twenty-seven men of the 10th 
being on duty near, went forward on double quick, routed the rebels, killing 
and wounding a large number, captured a lot of guns, horses, etc., and saved 
the train which had been set on fire. April 10th, a detail of 46 men, in com- 
mand of Lieutenant Frank M. Vanderburgh, guarding a railroad train, were 
attacked by three or four hundred guerrillas. Overpowered by numbers they 
were compelled to give up the train; but, repulsing the enemy's pursuit and 
falling back a short distance, they were reinforced by 15 men from a neigh- 
boring stockade, returned and saved a portion of the train, which had been set 
on fire. The loss in this affair was 8 killed and 12 wounded, including among 
the mortally wounded Lieutenant Vanderburgh, who died of his wounds at 
Autioch Station, Tenn., on the 16th of April immediately following. 

Following are extracts from a report of Lieutenant Colonel Dickerson cov- 
ering tbe affair : 

"On the 10th instant 40 privates, 4 non-commissioned oflBcers, and 2 commissioned 
offlceis were detailed from this regiment to guard a train on the Na&hville and Chatta- 
nooga railroad i'rom this city to Murlreesboro and return. About 4 o'cloclx in the afternoon 
the train while on its return trip, four miles this side of Lavergne, was attacked by guer- 
rillas numbering from three to four hundred, who were secreted in a dense grove of cedars 
completely covering them from view. Simultaneously with the attack the train was 
thrown from the track in consequence of two of the rails being slightly displaced. The 
guards were stationed upon the top of passenger cars and one platform car, and were 
under the command of Lieutenant Frank W. Vanderburgh. They suffered severely from the 
first volley fired by the rebels, a number being killed and wounded. After having dis- 
charged their pieces at the guerrillas they jumped from the cars upon the ground on the 
opposite side from the point of attack. Protecting themselves as well as possible by the 
cars, they held the train for some minutes, continually tiring at the enemy. 

" IBeing overpowered by greatly superior numbers, they were compelled to give up the 
train, and falling back a short distance made a stand behind a fence where they repulsed 
a i>arty of rebels who were pursuing them. Here Lieutenant Vanderburgh, who had pre- 
vioubly received two wounds, was again shot and completely disabled. 

"The coiiuiiand of the party now devolved upon Lieutenant Walter H. Nichols, who 
Bering there was no possibility of saving the train, retreated with his men in good order 
to the lirst stockade this side of Lavergne. Here he was reinforced by about 15 men who 
were stationed at tlu; stockade. He then marched his men back to the point where the 
train had been thrown from the track. The rebels had captured the mail and express 
matter on board, and had set lire to the train together with the engine and tender. The 
Are, however, luid tioiie very little damage to the engine, and it was saved. 

" Li<Mitenant Kieholsf-'alhered uj) the wounded, who were taken to some houses near by 
and made as comfortable as possible under the circumstances. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 305 

" A suTfjeon connected with the army, whose name I have been unable to learn, was on 
the train at the time of the attack, and rendered very efficient service in providing for the 
wounded. 

'■ Six rebels were found dead upon the field, and a number are known to have been 
wounded. 

" Considerinf? all the circumstances at,ten<]inir the foreiroinir attack upon said train and 
the lariie number killed and wouikIimI, no less than eif,'iiteen out of forty-six, offlcors and 
men inclusive, the conclusion is irresistible that both officers and men behaved with the 
utmost bravery." 

During August and September of that year, the regiment marched from 
Murfreesboro to Columbiii, thence via Athens and Huntsville to Stevenson, 
havinw traveled from August 19th to September 7th a distance of 22(5 miles. 
Sul)Sequently, during September, the regiment moved to Bridgeport, Ala. 
October Ist it left Bridgeport and marched to Anderson's Cro.-s Roads. March- 
ing again on the 18th, via Dallas and Washington, Tennessee, the regiment 
; rrived at Smith's Ferry, East Tennessee, October 26th, and was at that point 
November 1st. 

Tlie regiment, then in the 1st brigade, 2d division, 14th corps, crossed the 
Tennessee river four miles above Chattanooga, on the 21st of November, and 
particijjated in the capture of Chicktimauga Station, on the 26th. Its loss in 
the action was one wounded. On the 27th the regiment marched to near 
Grayville, Ga., but on the 29th changed the direction of its march toward 
Knoxville, Tenn. It continued to move toward Knoxville for some days, when 
receiving orders to return again to the Tennessee river, it started for Columbus 
on the 7ih of December, arriving there on the 9th. The regiment remained at 
Columbus until the 15th, proceeding from thence to Chattanooga, which it 
readied on ilie 19th. The men, since the movement across the Tennessee on 
the 21st of November, having suffered much from want of clothing and rations, 
and during a portion of the time subsisted on parched corn. 

It had been engaged during the the year at Lavergne, Tenn., Jan. 25, 1863; 
Antiocli, Tenn., April lUth ; Mission Ridge, Georgia, Nov. 24; Chickamauga, 
Tenn., Nov. 26, and on the 27th Nov. at Ringgold, Tenn. 

This regiment was affortled a strong test of pati iotism not made the privi- 
lege of any otlier from Michigan. Having re-enlisted as veterans at Rossville, 
Ga., on the 6Lh of February, 1864, on the 2od of the same month an order 
from brigade headquarters readied Lieutenant Colonel Diekerson, then in 
command, Colonel Lum being president of an examining board for officers of 
Colored troops, for the regiment to prepare for a movement which was about 
to be made by the 14th army corps, in command of General Jefferson C. 
Davis, m the direction of Dalton, Ga. 

NotwitlisLanding the men of the 10th were daily expecting the veteran fur- 
lough to enable them to return to their homes in Michigan, they cheerfully 
obeyed the order, and on that day commenced their march at 8 A. M. with 
sixty rounds of amnuiniiion each and three days' "rations. Reaching the 
vicinity of Dalton, it participated in the battle of Buzzard's Ruost, near that 
place, on the 25lh of February, losing 16 killed, 36 wounded, and 14 missing. 
Lieutenant Colonel Uickerson, commanding the regiment, was among its 
wounded, and was taken prisoner. Tins most i?eveie and unex))ected loss to 
this gallant regiment was much regretted in Michigan, and the sympathit'S of 
the peo])le went out in honest and heartfelt expressions to those who had been 
80 teudUunly bereaved while so fondly liopiug for a hap[)y meeting. 

Colonel Dickeison says in his report: 
39 



3U6 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

" In the morning of the 23d of February, 1864, while we were encamped near Eossville, 
Ga., I received orders from brigade headquarters to prepare for an immediate movement, 
with sixty rounds of ammunition to the men, and thiee days' rations. 

"I was somewhat surprised at this order, as the regiment had been refinlisted as 
veteran volunteers, and assurances had been given that the leave of absence to go home 
should be granted the previous Monday. 

" There was no alternative but to obey the order, and with other portions of the army 
at 8 A. M. we commenced marching. After marching as far as Einggold, 14 miles, we 
bivouacked and remained until daylight the following morning. The 24th we moved 
through Hooker's Gap, in Whiteoak E;dge, and came up with the main force, which had 
moved out on the 22d one and a half miles north of Tunnell Hill. There our brieade 
formed in line of battle on the extreme left of the army, and to the left of the road lead- 
ing to Tunnell Hill. The enemy lay encamped in considerable force about one uule south 
of Tunnell Hill. Our brigade moved through the woods on the left of the village Ln such 
a manner as to strike the enemy upon his right flank, while the main force moved up 
directly in front and opened an artUlery fire upon the enemy's entrenched camp. As we 
came out of the woods in sight of the rebel camp, we saw their rear guard moving as 
rapidly as possible towards Dalton. A cavalry force came up immediately and com- 
menced pursuit, while we formed in column by cempani<is and followed after. About 4 
P. M. we came in sight of Buzzard's Koost, where the rebels had taken up a very strong 
position, their right resting on the Kocky Faced Kidge, and their line extending across the 
railroad, which at this place passes through Kenyon's Gap, and their left resting upon a 
spur of the mountains, on the west side of the railroad. Their lines thus formed were 
somewhat irregular, but nearly in the shape of a horse-shoe, and completely commanded 
the pass in the mountains and all the approaches to it. 

" Here we formed in hne of battle; the enemy opened upon us an artillery fire, and one 
of our batteries responded, while our line of skirmishers kept up a brisk fire with smaU 
arms. We remained in this position until it became dark, when we fell back a short dis- 
tance and bivouacked for the night. 

" Frt>m Rocky Faced Ridge, on the east and left of our position, a number of spurs of 
the mountain put out, running westerly toward the railroad, which are from 25 to 100 
feet in height. 

" On the morning of the 25th I received orders to take a position on the left of the 60th 
Illinois, on the top of one of these spurs, and to conform all my movements to that regi- 
ment. After occupying this position for a short time we moved forwai'd and took a posi- 
tion on the top ox another spur, from which we could distinctly see the enemy in their 
fortified position. A brisk fire was being constantly kept up between our line of skirmish- 
ers and that of the enemy. About 3 P. M. the division to which the 10th was attached 
commenced a forward movement. As soon as the movement was fairly commenced the 
enemy opened a most galUug infantry fire upon us from the top of Rocky Face and 
in our front, while two or more batteries of artillery on our right and in front threw shot 
and shell, raking the ravines and sweeping the tops of the spurs. The soldiers of the lOth 
advanced coolly and steadily over the spurs and through the ravines until our colors were 
Hying defiantly almost in the face of the enemy. Halting just under the crest of one of 
these spurs of the mountain, I ordered the men to he down, fire and load at will. The 
fire of the enemy was most gallhig and murderous. In consequence of his elevated posi- 
tion upon our right and left our lying down afforded very little protection. Under this deadly 
enfilading fire the regiment lay for nearly thirty minutes. I was expecting our mam line 
to advance to our support. Receiving no orders, and seeing no troops advancing, I deemed 
it absolutely necessary to give the order to retreat. After falling back a short di^-tance 
we came to a deep gully which had been formed by the action of the water. I giive the 
order to halt and dress on the center. The 6Uth Illinois had already faUon back and now 
lay in the gully upon our right. I heard Colonel Anderson, couimanding that regiment, 
calling for me. He was on tlie opposite side of the gully from me, and in order to'under- 
Btand him I sprang across the gully near him. Neither of us having received any orders, 
we agreed to continue the retreat. I gave tlie command, forward! and the men leaping 
oiit of tiie gulley started on the double-quick to the rear, but in perfect order. I was 
within a few feet of them on the side toward the enemy. As they left the ravine I jumped 
across it, about which time a shell exploding a short distance from me threw a quantity 
of cartii into my back with such force that it knocked me down upon my face, and 1 found 
myself gasping lur breath. Partially recovering from this shock I sprang to my feet and 
commenced running toward the regunent, but had gone only a short distance when I was 
struck in the right heel by a musket ball. I again fell to the ground, either from exhaus- 
tion or the injuries 1 had received, I iuirdly know which. A moment's delay was fatal. 
The enemy came rusiiing upon me, and 1 found myself a prisoner in his hands. 

" During all the time I was with the regiment in this contest, both officers and men con- 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 307 

ducted themselves with great coolness and courage. Every order was obeyed promptly, 
and there was no indication of confusion or demoralization. 

" The 10th lost in this engagement twenty-two icilled, and fifty-six wounded. Eight of 
the wounded fell Into the htuids of the enemy, and seven that received no wounds. 

"Sergeant Charles P. Stewart, and privates John H. Hope, Joseph Wolfe, and one or 
two others, who were reported as wounded or missing were killed. Fourteen including 
myself were taken to AndersonvUle, eleven of whom died in that prison." 

The following extract from a letter of General JcfTerson C. Davis, who com- 
mauded the 14th corps, shows the estimation iu which the regiment was held 
by him : 

" Colonel Dickerson served under my command as Lieutenant Colonel of the 10th Mich- 
igan in several of the engagements and campaigns around Chattanooga. He commanded 
the well disciplined and always good fighting regiment, the lOtii Michigan, on several 
important occasions. At an engagement between the troops under my command and the 
rebel forces at Buzzard's Eoost, Georgia, in February, 18G4:, this regiment and its com- 
mander, Colonel Dickerson, took a leading position in one of the severest little fights of 
the war. Colonel Dickerson, on this occasion, was wounded and fell into the hands of the 
-enemy. His courage and that of his regiment were very conspicuous." 

A corresjjondent of the Louisville Journal writes : 

"With their furloughs in their pockets, and preparations made to visit their dear ones 
at home, from whom they had been parted so long, the bugles on the 25th of the month 
just passed found the 10th responsive, with flags unfurled, and on the march for the battle 
field. Under Morgan at Buzzard's Boost they fought with the 60th Illinois beneath the 
the shadows of towering Rocky Face, carrying their colors to the enemy's very works 
through a murderous fire of infantry and artillery, losing twenty-five killed and wounded, 
among whom is Lieutenant Colonel Dickerson, then in commuud of the reginjent. His 
bravery remembered, his name and virtues will form a brilliant episode in its interesting 
biography. 

Another correspondent writes as follows: 

" The lOth Michigan and an Illinois regiment gallantly advanced over two sharp ridges, 
and when at the southern base of the second, and prepariuir to ascend the third, they 
were checked by a raking enfilading fire of canister shot from the right and lelt, which 
tore relentlessly and fatally along the entire line, and, added to the terrible musketry fire 
from the ridge, now covered with a swarming host, was fearfully destructive of human 
life. The 10th was terribly cut up, having lost about sixty men in a very few mimues. 
Lieutenant Colonel Dickerson, who commanded, is wounded and a prisoner in the hands 
of the enemy, as are many more of the regiment, who will, however, be exchanged in a 
couple of days. Colonel Bourke, of the 10th Ohio, having gone out with a Hag of truce 
and some rebel wounded for that purpose. The object of the reconnoissance having been 
attained, our troops returned to liinggold." 

The regiment returned to Michigan in command of Colonel Lum, on its 
veteran furlough of thirty days, arriving at Detroit March 11th, 1804, three 
hundred and ninety-five having re-enlisted, at the exi)iiation of wiiich time it 
reassL-mbled at Flint, whence, on the ^Oth of April, it again left for the front. 
The regiment arrived at Cliattanooga May 11th, and on the following dav left 
-thereto participate in the Georgia campaign. It arrived at Kesaca on the 
15th. Marching on the 16th for Ivome, it arrived in front of that place on 
tiie 17th, and on the 18th partici})ated in its capture. On the 28tli it took 
position in front of the rebel lines at Dallas. June 1st the regimeni moved to 
the left toward Lost Mountain, and after several changes of jiosition reached 
the base of Kenesaw Mountain on the lOth. On the '■illh of June it acteii in 
the reserve of a column that cliarged tiie rebel lines with loss, including among 
the killed Captain Bradford Uook. Li that affair it was serving in the 14ih 
corps, 1st brigade, of General Davis's division, which is noticed in the Annual 
Cyclopedia, 1864, as follows : 



308 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

" For the second and more important attack, portions of General Newton's division of 
the 4th corps, and of General Davis's of the 14th corps, were selected. At a given signal 
the troops rushed forward with buoyant courage, charged up the lace of the mountain 
amidst a murderous fire from a powerful battery on the summit and through two lines of 
abatis, carried a luie of rifle-pits beyond, and reached the works. The colors of Several 
regiments were planted before the latter and some of the men succeeded in mountuig the 
ramparts, but the deaths of Generals Wagner and Harker, and the wounding of General 
^IcCook, the destructive fire of both musketry and artillery, and the difficulty of deploy- 
ing such long columns under such lire, rendered it necessary to recall the men. General 
Newton's troops returned to their original hne, while General Davis's 2d brigade threw 
up works between those they had carried and the main line of the enemy, and there- 
remained. " 

Its casualties during the month of June were two killed and died of wounds, 
and twelve wounded. On the 3d of July the regiment marched in pursuit of 
the enemy, who had evacuated the position at Kenesaw Mountain and on the 
l?th crossed the Chattahoochee river. On the 19th it advanced to near 
Duraut's Mill, on Peach Tree creek, where it took part in the actions of that 
date, and of the day following. Here Lieutenant Kichard Teal was killed, 
and Lieutenant Willing and 17 men wounded. On the 21st it participated in 
a reconnoissance toward Atlanta, and on the 22d had position in front of that 
place, on the right of our lines. With the exception of the reconnoissance to 
Sandtown, on the 28th, the regiment remained in front of Atlanta during the 
remainder of July. Its casualties during the month were four killed and 
eighteen wounded. While on a reconnoissance on the 29th, it encountered the 
enemy and captured a number of guns, horses, etc. Being cut off by the 
rebels, it was obliged to return by a circuitous route, in which it succeeded 
without loss. 

It was engaged at Sand town Road August 14th, at Eed Oak Turnout on the 
27tl), and at Kouch and Ready on the 30tli. On the 30th the regiment, then 
commanded by Major H. S. Burnett, Colonel Lum being in command of 
brigade, participated in the movement toward Jonesboro, and on September 
let took part in the battle at that place. In the afternoon the regiment 
moved up as support to a charging column which became broken, when it 
quickly marched forward, taking its place in line, charging and taking the 
enemy's works and capturing 4UU prisoners and a stand of colors. Its loss in 
the engagement was 3U killed and 47 wrunded ; among the former was Major 
Burnett and Lieutenant John Knox, and Captain H. H. Nimras, mortally 
woundcil. 

A corruspondcnt of the Cincinnati Commercial wiiting from the field at the 
time says of the brigade coniinauded by Colonel Luui ab Jonesboro: 

"The brigade commanded formerly by General Morgan, composed of Michigan, Illinois, 
and Kcw Yoik troops, covered itself with glory, but lost many superior officers and gallant 
privati's. Among the regiments are the luth and the 14Lh Michigan, 16th and 60th Illinois, 
ami 17th N(;w York, all of which are veteran regiments, who never gave an inch under the 
rain oi grape, canister, and shrapnel Irom a battery at close quarters in their front, a part 
of wiiicli il I'V asbibted in capturing when they stormed the works and bayoneted quite a 
number oi General Pat Claiborne's division when they refused to surrender. The charge 
of the loth Miciiigan and 17th New York was particularly gallant, the former losing Major 
Burnett, the latter the fearless Colonel Grower, who was down early in the fight, wounded 
mortally, from which ho died. It was to Captain Dunjjhy of the 10th Michigan and the men 
of tilts brigade that Colonel Lee of the '2d Kentucky (rebel) and the commanding officer of 
fifty men, and the regimental colors of the Gth Kentucky, surrcnidered their command with 
u very bad grace indeed. '1 ho brigade carried three lines of works on their front." 

On the .Sill the regiment, in conn and of Captain Win. 11. Dunphy, Colonel 
Lum being m command of the biigade, reached Atlanta and went into camp 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 309 

near that place. On the 28th it moved by rail via Chattanoo£ra, Steven- 
son, Huntsville, Athens, and Florence, Ala., skirmishing with the enemy at 
the latter place, where it arrived on the 6th of October. Returning to Athens 
on the 12th, it proceeded thence to Chattanooga, where it remained from 
the loth to the 18th. 

On October olst, the 10th, again in command of Colonel Luni, was at 
Eome, Ga., and belonged to the 1st brigade, 2d division, l4th corps. The 
regiment broke camp Nov. ]8t, and marched via Kingston and Cartersville to 
Atlanta, arriving at that place on the IGth, having destroyed railroads and 
bridges the entire distance. Moving with General Sherman's army on the 
Savannah campaign, on the 26th the regiment had a slight skirmish with the 
enemy at Sandersville, and without loss drove him from the field, and on the 
31st three ci)mpanies while on picket at Louisville were attacked by a superior 
force of rebel cavalry, and after a heavy fight the enemy was repulsed, leav- 
ing his dead and wounded on the field. Arriving in front of Savannah, Dec. 
11th, the regiment threw up works for protection against the incessant fire of 
the enemy, and upon the evacuation of that place on the 21st it was ordered 
into the city and remaining there until January 20th, 1865, it moved with the 
army in the direction of Sister's Ferry, where it arrived on the 2Sth, then 
crossing the Savannah river February 6th the march through the Carolinas 
was commenced on the 8th. The regiment became engaged with the enemy 
March 11th at Fayetteville, and on the 12th it crossed Cape Fear river, skir- 
mishing with the enemy at Averysboro, and on the 16th was again engaged at 
the same place, losing three men killed and several wounded. Moving in 
advance of its corps on the 18th, six companies being deployed as skirmishers, 
the enemy was reached about noon and a severe skirmish ensued, when the 
regiment was ordered to take position at the junction of the Smithfield 
and Goldsboro roads. During the night it was attacked, but succeeded in 
repulsing the enemy and holding its position until relieved by the 20th corps 
at noon on the lyth, when it was ordered and moved rapidly forward in the 
direction of Bentonville, accomplishing a distance of five miles in less than an 
hour, when works of defense in two lines were hastily thrown up of dead tim- 
ber. The first line was occupied by Lieutenant Colonel Grummond, com- 
manding the 14:th Michigan and 17th New York, the second line by the 10th 
Michigan, 16th and GOih Illinois under Colonel Lum, the 60th thrown out as 
pickets and skirmishers. About 4 P. M. the skirmishers were driven in by a 
heavy mass of the enemy advancing steadily, firing occasional shots. He was 
allowed to approach within a short distance of the works when a well directed 
and heavy fire was opened on him, checking his advance, and before he could 
recover from its effect Grummond with his command leaped the woiks and 
charged with the bayonet, being immediately supported by Lum's command. 
But a few minutes had elapsed when the enemy were discovered coming in ou 
the left, having broken through the lines of the 1st division and coming in 
in such masses to the rear that the Michigan lines were forced to ehift position 
and occupy the reverse side of the works. Rapid firing was again opened on 
the enemy, but finding that ammunition was nearly exhausted and the situa- 
tion becoming desperate and critical, the only hope of success was a charge 
with the bayonet, which was accomplished in the most gallant manner, and 
the enemy was completely routed and driven from the field, followed by almost 
Xhe last round of cartridges of the 10th. 

The loss of the regiment was 14 wounded, two mortally, and two captured, 



310 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

while the rebels lost heavily in killed and wounded, both by shot and bayonet,, 
together with large numbers of prisoners, arms, and several stands of colors. 

On the !iOth the regiment skirmished with the enemy during the entire day 
and night, and the 2ist marched towards Kaleigh. Reaching Goldsboro on 
the 23d, it moved in the direction of Eichmond April 13th, arriving at that 
point May 7th. 

A correspondent writes: 

" From the battle lines of Sherman's Army as they confront the enemy in the defenses 
of Savannah do we send kind greetings to our friends at home. 

" We have had a long and toilsome march to reach this point, but our ardor is not one 
whit abated, nor our willingness to do and suffer in the cause of the Union any the less. 
Our triumphant march through the heart of the Confederacy has revealed the truth of the 
assertion that the last man is now in the Confederate army which they can get. What 
few old men and boys were remaining at home fled before us, and not even a small force 
could be collected to attempt a check to our progress until Wheeler and his cavalry met 
us at Sandersville, and tried to stop us, but his force was as chaff before the whirlwind. 
Nothing checked us until we arrived at this point, four miles from Savannah. And now 
if our friends will take their charts and foUow me they may know where we have been 
wandering since we ' weighed anchor,' and, destroying our own ' cracker Une,' launched out 
on one of the most bold and daring expeditions ever undertaken, and which has been 
attended with the most signal success. 

"It will be remembered that our corps (14th) had just completed a very tedious and 
most laborious campaign in northern Alabama, and were returning towards Lafayette, 
Home, and Kingston, when we received orders at Kingston, November 8th, that they were 
to take part in the great raid which we have just completed. From Kingston we marched 
to Cartersville and rested a few days, and on the morning of the 13th marched towards 
Atlanta, which we reached at noon on the 16th, having totally destroyed all the railroads 
from Cartersville, by burning the ties and bending and twisting the rails. Our method of 
destroying railroads may be briefly told by saying: we first wrench the rails from the ties, 
then piling the ties together add as many fence rails or boards as are necessary to make 
them burn well, and p cing the rails on the pile in such a way that they will soon become 
red-hot, we finish the work by twisting and bending them so that they can never be used 
again. But I digress. We found Atlanta in flames in many places when we arrived, and 
in less than twelve hours it was a mass of smouldering ruins. Our clothing came near 
being consumed before we could take it from the storehouses, where it had been waiting 
our arrival, and a portion of our rations were consumed, so that we had only about seven 
days' rations of bread in our train to start with. At noon of the 16th we marched from 
Atlanta and followed along the line of the Augusta railroad, passing through Decatur, 
Litht)nia, and Covington, destroying the railroad. From this point we marched to Mil- 
ledgeville, passing within four miles of Eatonton. Arrived at Milledgeville November 
24th, and found the 2Uth army corps had reached there a day or two previous. Wo 
crossed the Oconee river here and marched towards Sandersville, which we reached sim- 
ultaneously with the 20th army corps on the morning of November 26th. It was here 
that we first encountered Wheeler's cavalry; but the rebels never left a town quicker 
than they and most of the inhabitants fled, leaving all their property to the mercy of 
'Yankee raiders.' The town was pretty thorousrhly cleaned out, and our haversacks 
thi-reby well stocked. It was but a few minutes after our arrival before some of the pub- 
lic buildings took fire, and our troops did not seem to make any efforts to extinguish the 
flames. From Sandersville our line of march was directly towards Augusta, until we 
crossed the Ogoechee at Tenn's Bridge, when we moved to Louisville. We were hindered 
from entering the town some three hours by the rebels having burned the bridge across 
Kooky Comfort creek. This town shared a severe fate from plundering and fire. From 
Loui.sville our course was nearly E. S. E. to within three miles of Millen, on the Georgia 
Ceiitnil railroad, although we made some crooked marching to get there,— for what rea- 
Bon I eaiiMot say, unless to deceive Wheeler as to our real destination. We then crossed 
the Augusta and Savannah railroad at Station No. 1, north of Millen. This railroad, I 
undorstaiul, was burn«id as far north as Waynesboro. The depot at Station No. 1, as 
w»!ll as Um railroad, was burning as we passed. Our course was then quite direct toward 
the Savannah rivcir until we struck what is known as the ' Old River Road,' passing 
belwtn-n Jacksonljoro and Sylvania. This road we had been informed by the darkies was 
obstructed by the frlling of timber in all the swamps, and the destroying of bridges across 
the creeks. We found this to be true, but our marches were so regulated that we reached 
the principal swamps at night, and our pioneer force cut the timber out and constructed 
bridges during the night, so that the next morning we were ready to move on. The 



I 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 311 

largest of the streams had to be ' pontooned,' but Sherman had his pontoons and pon- 
toonei's along, as well as all other needful parts of his army, and a few hours sufficed to 
bridge any stream. At Ebenezer creeli the rebels tried to frighten us by shelling us from 
the river, on which they had some young gunboats, but did not hurt us or hinder our 
progress at all. They repeated the experiment at other points, but without success, 
although we were a great shai-e of the time within less than artillery shot of the river 
after we struck the river road, which we followed until we came to where the rebs had said 
'no further,' which is four miles from the city. After reaching this point, or nearly to it, 
we left the river road and moved to the rigiit, recrossing the Charleston and Savannah 
railroad (which, by the way, we struck and crossed some five miles farther out), and the 
Georgia Central railroad, and drew up in line of battle before Savannah, between the 
Georgia Central railroad and the Savannah, Albany, and Gulf railroad, some four miles 
from town. Fourteen miles out from the city we found a battery planted, which annoyed 
and hindered us some, but as we halted at night in front of it, and the 20th army corps 
was somewhere on the right, they seemed to think it best not to let dayUght find them 
there, and nest morning all was clear. The works were well constructed and were 
extended completely about the battery, so as to be capable of defense from all sides, and 
were pierced for six guns. 

" We reached this point (Savannah) December 11th, at a little past noon, since which 
time we have had but one-third rations of anything save meat, but we have had a good 
supply of beef and have nearly lived on it. This is quite a contrast to our living on the 
raid, for although we drew only three days' rations on the whole trip, we were ordered to 
forage for subsistence and found a plentiful supply of all that was needful to feed us well. 
In fact we would like to ' raid it ' all the time as far as living is concerned, could we pass 
through as rich a country as central and southern Georgia. Nor were eatables all that we 
found in this rich part of the Confederacy. Millions of dollars worth of cotton ' fell victim' 
to Yankee fire brands, and a large number of mills, cotton gins, presses, and other manu- 
facturing establishments were buraed. Hundreds of mules and horses were taken from 
the rich planters, which were all they had to till their lands with. 

"The people were many of them very much frightened, and had buried fine clothes, 
silver plate, money, and other treasures, but it was a miracle if anytliing escaped our 
Yankee inquisitiveness. Quantities of flour and meal were found hidden miles from main 
roads in deep swamps, but it w^s but a small part of our living which came from flour and 
meal. Sweet potatoes, which we found by hundreds of bushels close beside the road, and 
fresh pork and poultry, of which there was an abundance, formed the greater share of it. 
Most of the way we found plenty of water, but after striking the river road most of the 
water was only such as we found in the cypress swamps and had a strong, unpleasant 
taste and a deep, dark color, and in some instances was almost black. The streams, too, 
were of the same quality, but it did not appear to have a bad effect upon our health. The 
health of the regiment is fine, and has been all the way, and as our ' cracker line ' is now 
open we shall soon have plenty of rations. Our confidence in General Sherman is un- 
bounded, and we wait only to receive his orders and we are sure what we undertake will 
succeed. Our loss has been slight in this move ; a few men picked off while foraging. 
"We have not a fist prepared now of losses, but will send one with our next. The whole 
distance marched since leaving Atlanta is 280 miles (in 23 days) ; we lay still but three 
days (I speak now of the march of our regiment alone; other parts of the corps may have 
halted more or less than ourselves). We received a mail on the 17th, and it was hailed 
with joy, for it brought us not only news from home but the first news wo had received 
from election. Little Mac stock is repudiated and his party representatives are ' mum,' 
but all the ' Johnnies ' we meet hurrah for Little Mac. I came near forgetting to mention 
a httle brush we had with Wheeler's cavalrj' at Louisville. We lay still two days here, 
and the rebels bothered foraging parties very much by attacking them at every point and 
capturing what they could. November 30th a detail was on picket from our regiment, 
and in tlie afternoon our foragers came rushing in with the rebel cavaiiy charging after 
them. Sueh a panic was there among the foragers, and so heedless were the rebels that 
tney did not see our pickets until close upon them, and the pickets dare not fire until the 
rebels were close by for fear of wounding our own men. As soon as the rebs came close 
enough a well delivered fire unhorsed several of them and sent them rolling on the ground, 
and the rest retreated as fast as they could. Two privates and one lieutenant were killed, 
and one private mortally wounded. The worst of the charge came against Company E, 
who halted them as described above. None of our men were harmed on the fine ; some 
foragei s were captured and killed outside. After the repulse of the rebs, Captain Dunphy, 
who was in charge of the picket line, took twenty men and pressed the rebs so hard that 
they had to abandon some government wagons which they had captured. 

Ou the 10th May, 1865, the regiuieut, iii coiumuud of Liouicuuut Colonel 



dl'Z MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

Dunphy, who had been commissioned to rank from February 34th, marched 
towards Washington, D. C, and reaching there participated in the grand 
review of General Sherman's army on the 24tli, and on the 13th of June, in 
command of Colonel Dunphy, who had been promoted to the coloiuelcy to 
rank from June 7th, moved to Louisville, Ky., where it was mustered out of 
service July 19Lh and ordered to Jackson Mich., arriving there on the '-i^d. 
On the 1st of August it was paid off and disbanded. 

The 10th during service had been engaged at Farmington, Miss., May 9, 
1862; siege of Corinth, Miss., May 10 to '61, 1862; Boonville, Miss., June 1, 
1862; Nashville, Tenn., November 5, 1862; Stone River, Tenn., Ucceniber 
29 and 31, 1862, and January 2 and 3, 1863; Lavergne, Tenn., January 25, 
1863; Antioch, Tenn., April 10, 1863; Mission Ridge, Ga., November 24, 1863; 
Ohickamauga, Ga., November 26, 1863; Ringgold, Tenn., November 27, 1863; 
Buzzard's Roost, Ga., February 25, 1864; Resaca, Ga., May 10, 1864; Rome, 
Ga., May 18, 1864; Dallas, Ga., May 28, 1864; Kenesaw Mountain, Ga., 
June 27, 1864; Chattahoochee River, Ga., July 6, 1864; Peach Tree Creek, 
Ga., July L9, 1864; Durraut's Mill, Ga., July 20 and 21, 1864; Sandtown 
Road, Ga., August 14, 1864; Red Oak Turnout, Ga., August 27, J864; Rough 
and Ready, Ga., August 30, 1864; siege of Atlanta, Ga., July 22 to August 
25, 1864; Atlanta, Ga., August 7, 1864; Jonesboro, Ga., September 1, lb64; 
Florence, Ala., October 6, 1864; Louisville, Ga. November 30, 1864; S ivan- 
nah, Ga., December 11 to 21, 1864; Averysboro, N. C, March 16, 1865; 
Smithfield Roads, N. 0., March 18, 1865; Bentonville, N. C, March 19 and 
20, 1865. 

The regiment had carried on its rolls 1,788 officers and men during its term 
of service, and its losses were in all 299, being four officers 55 men killed in 
action, three officers 26 men died of wounds, two officers and 209 men died 
of disease. 

"Period of honor as of woes, 
What bright careers 'twas thine to close." 

Note. — A captain of this regiment not brooiiing the secrecy usually attending military 
operations in tlie field, and being strongly imbued with the inquisitiveness so peculiar to 
the genuine Yanliee, resigned his commission in 1862 and returned to the State disgusted 
with the service because he could not be informed from headquarters as to the iuteut of 
all reconnoissances and movements of his regiment. 



ELEVENTH REGIMENT INFANTRY. 



" For God and our country we'll flght till we die I 
Here's welcome to wounding and combat and scars, 
And the glory of death for the stripes and stars!" 

The raising of the 11th Eegiment was given by the Secretary of "War to 
Colonel William J. May, of White Pigeon, but met with some just opposition 
at the time from the Governor, who did not approve of the interference of the 
War Department with that which he considered was made solely the duty of 
the Governors of the States, and which that department before long recog- 
nized and decided that the whole matter of raising regiments was vested in the 
<joveruor. 

The opposition referred to was withdrawn by the Governor after a short 
delay, and Colonel May was permitted to complete the organization. 

The following companies composed the regiment, and they were mostly 
jecruited at the places named or in their vicinity : 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Colonel, William J. May, White Pigeon. Lieutenant Colonel, William L. Stoughton, 
Sturgis. Major, Benjamin F. Doughty, Sturgis. Surgeon, William N. Elliott, White 
Pigeon. Assistant Surgeon, Justin C. EUiott, White Pigeon. Adjutant, Samuel Chad- 
wick, Three Rivers. Quartermaster, Addison T. Drake, Sturgis. Chaplain, Holmes A. 
Pattibon, Colon. 

A. Captaui, David Oaks, Jr., Centreville. First Lieutenant, Christopher Haight, Leo- 
nidas. Second Lieutenant, Henry S. Fisher, Mendon. 

B. Captain, Melvin Mudge, Quincy. First Lieutenant, Jerome Bowen, Quiucy. Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, Miles Warren, Quincy. 

C. Captain^ Calvin Hood, Sturgis. First Lieutenant, Matthias M. Faulkner, Sturgis. 
Second Lieutenant, Loren H. Howard, Lagrange, Ind. 

D. Captain, Benjamin G. Bennett, Burr Oak. First Lieutenant, John R. Keeler, Burr 
Oak. Second Lieutenant, Theodore P. Kesler, Bronson. 

E. Captain, Henry N. Spencer, Three Rivers. First Lieutenant, Thomas Flynn, Three 
Rivers. Second Lieutenant, Charles W. Newberry, Three Rivers. 

F. Captain, Sylvester B. Smith, Morenci. First Lieutenant, Joseph Wilson, Hudson. 
Second Lieutenant, Abraham Harper, Hudson. 

G. Captain, Charles Moase, Bronson. First Lieutenant, Thomas H. Briggs, School- 
craft. Second Lieutenant, Silas G. Comstock, Three Rivers. 

11. Captain. John L. Hackstaff, Coldwater. First Lieutenant, Samuel C. Mills, Cold- 
water. Second Lieutenant, Leonidas E. Mills, Coldwater. 

I. Captain, Nelson Chamberlain, Loudon. First Lieutenant, Lewis E. Childs, Ypsilantl. 
Second Lieutenant, Benjamin Riesdorf, Monroe. 

K. Captain. William W. Phillips, Adrian. First Lieutenant, Patrick H. Eeegan, Deer- 
fleld. Second Lieutenant, Ephriam L. French, Adrian. 

The regiment was rendezvoused at White Pigeon, the companies being mus- 
40 



314 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

tered into the TJ. S. service at various dates, while its formation was completed 
on September 24:th, 1862, having 1,004 officers and men on the rolls. 

The citizens of St. Joseph county, in December, while the regiment was in 
camp at White Pigeon, gave it a handsome flag. A patriotic address was made 
by Mrs. J. W. Frey, of Three Rivers, with appropriate speeches by the Hon. 
J. E. Johnson and J. W. Frey, Esq., while replies were made a fitting man- 
ner by Colonels W. L. Stoughton and W. J. May; also by Messrs. Samuel 
Chadwick and B. G. Bennet. 

It left White Pigeon for the field in the western army December 9th, in 
command of Colonel May, and was stationed during that winter at Bardstown, 
Ky., where it suffered severely from disease. 

From Louisville Journal of December 12, 1861 : 

" The 11th Michigan Infantry, twelve hundred strong, commanded by Colonel Wm. J. 
May, arrived at Jeffersonville, Ind., and were atonce dispatched to Bardstown, Ky. They 
are a tine body of men, and will doubtless do good service in the Union cause. Michigan 
has done nobly thus far, and the 11th is considered as good if not better than any regi- 
ment yet sent to the war from that State." 

In the spring of 1862 the regiment was stationed, guarding at intervals the 
Louisville & Nashville railroad, and while John Morgan was invading Ken- 
tucky in July following, it was sent in command of Colonel Stoughton to 
intercept him if possible. He reached Cave City and made a forced march to 
Glasgow to attack him, but he had left five hours before the regiment arrived, 
and his command being well mounted on stolen horses escaped. 

The chase of Morgan through the State of Kentucky was continued, the 
infantry pressing him closely from point to point, but did not succeed in bring- 
ing him to give battle. 

On August J 3th the regiment, together with the 69th Ohio Infantry, and 
4th Indiana Battery, were attacked by Morgan's guerrillas near Gallatin, Tenn., 
when a short but spirited contest ensued, lasting about one hour, resulting in 
the repulse of the enemy with a loss of about 40 killed and wounded, and 
without loss by the Union troops. 

The regiment being ordered to Nashville was assigned to Negley's division, 
and was stationed there prior to the advance of the Army of the Cumberland, 
which brought on the battle of Stone River. While at Nashville, Colonel 
Stoughton, with a section of artillery and three regiments, including the llih 
Michigan, was sent on a foraging expedition and reconnoissancedown the Cum- 
berland. On tlie march he was attacked by guerrillas near Fort Riley on 
October 5th, but put them to instant flight. Farther on the march ]^e found 
the road between the blufls and the river cut away and obstructed with trees 
felled across the small bridle path left, so as to prevent the passage of wagons. 
He removed the obstructions and bridged the road so that his wagons could 
pass. Soon after the head of the train was again attacked by guemlUis, but 
he repulsed them, driving them iicross the river, and the object of the expedi- 
tion was accomplished. 

On his return he was attacked and a brisk engagement ensued, which resulted 
in repulsing und driving the enemy with a loss of sixteen killed and wounded. 

The regiment was stationed at or near Nashville during the time of wliat is 
known as the Buell and Bragg race to Louisville, and performed much hard 
service, as well as being placed in a most hazardous position. 

From the annals of the Cumberland: 

" The ocupatioQ of Nashville during the two months when the city was Isolated and out 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 315 

off from communfcation with the north constitutes a feature In this war as novel as It Is 
interesting. In the space to which wo are confined it is hardly possible to present as 
graphically as we desire the strange and novel picture. Assuming command on the 6th 
of September, with two small divisions as a garrison, General Negley found himself shut 
up with but five days' provisions in a city weakly fortified and strongly menaced, with a 
hostile people within his besieged lines to rule and to watch. With the aid of Captain 
ilorton, Chief Engineer, he pushed forward to early completion the forts which subse- 
quently became known as ' Forts Negley,' 'Andrew Johnson,' ' Confiscation,' and ' Casino,' 
and established a complete and thoiougli picket line, strengthened by rifie-pits and heavy 
abatis, soon making it one of the best fortified in the country. At the same time he re- 
organized the 8th division, composed of fractions of brigades and regiments left by reason 
of non-organization to add to the garison at Nashville. He also formed a regiment out 
of the convalescents of various regiments left by Buell's army in the rear. He made new 
laws for the regulation and control of the hostile citizens within his lines, and soon began 
at Nashville the process of government which had produced such happy results at Colum- 
bia. Perhaps in no city in the south had our army met with so bitter a reception as at 
Nashville. The intense hatred of the secessionists at Nashville for the Union troops, dis- 
played itself in the most contemptuous expressions. As an instance, we transcribe the 
following inscription, written in a female hand on the window shutter of a huuso in Nash- 
ville then used by us as a hospital : 

" ' I hope that every officer who enters this house may depart this life fn double-qnick time; that 
they niiiy siiflerlhe tortures of len thousand deaths before they die; and paralyzed be ilie hand 
that would alleviate their sufl'enngs, and may the tongue of him who wouhI speak words of com- 
fort cleave to the roof of his mouth. And as tor the Yankee women who are himjrry for the spoils, 
niav— but cursed are they already. God bless the Southern cause; curse the Northern and all that 
fight tor it.'" 

The 11th was stationed at or near Nashville during November and Decem- 
ber, and until the army under General Kosecraus moved forward late in the 
latter month. 

On the 31st of December and 2d of January following the regiment, then in 
Command of Colonel Stoughton, and serving in the '2d brigade, '-id division 
(Negley's), 14th (Thomas's) corps, was warmly engaged at Stone river, losing 
tiiirty-two killed, seventy-nine wounded, and twenty-nine missing, including 
among the killed Lieutenants Thomas Plyim and Joseph Wilson. 

From Colonel Stoughton's report: 

•' On the morning of the 31st December heavy firing was heard on our right and front, 
and apparently rapidly approaching the position occupied by the 2d brigade. The regi- 
ment was immediately formed and marched to the brow of the hill near brigade head- 
quarters. The skirmishing soon after indicated the the approach of the enemy to the 
Tiahl of this position, and my regiment was formed in fine of battle under cover of a ledge 
of rocks about one hundred yards in this direction. The skirmishing continued with much 
spirit for nearly an hour, when a heavy roar of musketry and artillery announceti that the 
principal attack of the enemy was being made on our left and rear. 1 immediately gave 
orders to change front on first company, which was promptly executed under a heavy 
fire, and the regiment advanced in line of battle to the crest of the hill, from which Shultz's 
battery had just been driven, and poured a well directed and effective fire into the advanc- 
ing columns of the enemy. The firing continued with spirit and energy until orders came 
to retire. The fire of the enemy was apparently concentrated upon this point, and was 
terrific, — men and officers fell on every side. The regiment fell back about eighty yards, 
was again formed and delivered its fire upon the enemy as he advanced over the hill, and 
then retired to the cover of the cedar woods in our rear. Here some confusion was at first 
manifested; a large number of regiments had fallen back to this place for shelter and the 
enemy's infantry and artillery opened upon us from all sides except to the left, towards the 
Murfreesboro pike. Order was, however, promptly restored by our division and brigade 
commanders, and my regiment, with the others, moved slowly to the rear, keeping up a 
steady fire upon the enemy. When near tlie cleared tiekis to the right of the Murfrees- 
boro pike, the regiment was ralUed and ht.'ld the ground for twenty or thirty minutes; it 
was then marched about half way across the open field, when orders came to charge back 
uito the cedars. My regiment promptly obeyed my orders, rallied on the colors and 
charged back into the woods with great gallantry, checking the enemy by the sudden 
and impetuous attack. After delivering one volley orders came to retire and the regi- 
ment fell back in good order to the left of the Murfreesboro pike. Here closed the active 
operations of the day. 



310 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

" On the 2d of January we were again called into action. In the afternoon of that day 
we were posted as a reserve in an open tield in the rear of our batters, on the right of the 
left wino- of our army. Between 3 and 4 o'clock the enemy made a heavy attack with 
artillery and hifautry in our front. My command was kept lying upon the ground, pro- 
tected by a sUght hill, for about half an hour. At the expiration of this time tiie enemy 
had driven back our forces on the opposite side of the rivet, one regiment crossmg in 
great disorder, and rushing through our ranks. As soon as the enemy came within range 
my regiment, with the others of this brigade, rose up, delivered its fire, and charged 
across the river. In passing the river my line of battle was necessarily broken, and I led 
the regiment forward to a fence on a rise of ground and re-formed the Une. Here the 
firing continued for some time, until the enemy was driven from his cover and retreated 
through the woods. My regiment was then promptly advanced to the edge of the woods, 
and continued to fire upon him as he fled in disorder across the open field in front to his 
line of intrenchments. At this time the ammunition was nearly exhausted, and my regi- 
ment, with the others in advance, formed in line of battle, threw out skirmishers, and held 
our position until recalled across the river. The 11th was among the first that crossed 
Stone river and assisted in capturing four pieces of artiUery abandoned by the enemy in 
his tlight. I cannot speak too highly of the conduct of the troops under my comnv il. 
They fought with the coolness and bi'avery of veteians, and obeyed my commands under 
the hottest fire with the precision of the parade ground. The officers of the regiment 
behaved with great gallantry and firmness. Where all nobly discharged their duty, it 
would, perhaps, be unjust to discriminate. Lieutenants Joseph Wilson and Tiios. Flynu 
were killed while gaUantly leading their companies. Major Smith and Lieutenants Hall, 
Briggs, and Howard were wounded, — the two former severely,— and Lieutenant Hall is a 
prisoner." 

Greeley says: 

"Nearly half the ground held by our army at daylight had been won by the ti-iumphant 
enemy, who had now several batteries in position playhig upon our centre, where Neg- 
ley's division of Thomas's corps was desperately engaged, with its aujuiunition nearly 
exhausted, its ai-tillery horses disabled, and a rebel colun)n pushing in between it and 
what was left of McCook's corps, with intent to surround and capture it. This compelled 
Negiey to recoil. " 

A correspondent of the Cincinnati Commercial, writing from the battlefield 
of Stone river January 8th, 18U3, says of JS'egley's division wliile meeting the 
onset of the rebels after General MeCook had been forced back : 

" Pushing out to the cedar forest where Negley's gallant division was struggling against 
great odds, trusty Sheridan was met bringing out his tried division in superb order. 
Negiey was still fighting desperately against odds. Johnson, loo, appeared soon after, 
but his command was temporarily shattered. During all this period Negley's two gallant 
brigades, under valiant old Stanley, of the 18th Ohio, and biave John i\ Miller, were 
holding their line against fearful odds. When the right broke Negiey had pushed 
ahead of the left of the right wing and was drivuig the enemy. Ihe 78lh Pennsylvania, 
37th Indiana, 21st, 74th, ISth, and 6yth Ohio, the famous 19th Illinois, and 11th Michigan, 
with Knoll's, Marshall's, ShulLz's, and Bush's batteries, sustained one of the fiercest 
assaults of the day, and the enemy was dreadfully punished. Still they came on hke 
famished wolves in columns of divisions, sweeping over skirmishers, disregarding them 
utLLerly. The 19th Illinois, under the gallant Young Scott, and the 11th Michigan, led 
by tiie brave Stoughton, charged in advance and drove Liack a division. * * * Negiey 
formed his brigades in echelon, and seeing the critical nature of his position he was 
obliged to order a retrogado movement. But even after that the 19th Illinois and 11th 
Michigan made another dash to the front, driving the enemy again, then wheeling abruptly 
pushed steadily out of the cedars. " x- ***** * 

Soon after the battle of Stone River the regiment was detached to act as 
provost guard at Murt'reesboro, and. it remained on that duty until the advance 
on Tullahoma in June. 

Wliile the lltii was on this duty (Colonel Stoughton being provost marshal 
of tlio phice) Vallandigham arrived on his way from Ohio by order of the 
Government, to be sent witiiin the rebel lines. The colonel detailed Company 
E, iu command of Captain Chas. W. Newberry of that regiment to escort 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 317 

him from the train to the headqnartors of Provost Marshal General Wiles, 
guarding him until two o'clock in the morning, wlien he was conveyed in an 
ambulance about four miles south of Murfreesboro, on the Slielbyville 
pike, by Assistant Provost Marshal General, Captain Doolittle, under an escort 
of two companies of cavalry conunanded by Lieutenant Kelly, to the rebel 
lines, and under a flag of truce at 9 A. M., was delivered to a picket of the 
51st Alabama, Colonel Webb commanding. 

After the regiment was mustered out, and when passing through Sidney, 
Ohio, on its way to Michigan in September, 18G4, and while waiting for a 
train, another train arrived bringing Vallandigham, who was to address a 
political meeting at that place during the afternoon. When he airived at the 
depot he accidentally passed the regiment while it was in line with bayonets 
fixed, ready to stack arms, a most formidable sight, but not a very pleasant 
one to Vallandigham. He was at once recognized by the soldiers and saluted 
with terrible groans and hisses which a regiment of soldiers can so forcibly 
administer. The driver of the carriage gave his lioiscs the whip, putting 
them to their utmost speed toward the nearest hotel, chased by a large number 
of the regiment. Vallandigham hurriedly entered the hotel and probably 
made his escape through the back entrance, as the soldiers ransacked the 
building from cellar to garret without finding him. 

At the depot a crowd of copperheads were found firing a salute in his honor 
when they were beset by the soldiers, their gun tumbled down 'a steep embank- 
ment, breaking the carriage to [)ieces; then the gun was put ou their train and 
brought to Michigan, whore it is said still to remain. 

On the 1st of July, 1863, the regiment was engaged in a sharp skirmish at Elk 
river, with a loss of one oflBcer taken prisoner. After the conclusion of this- 
movement of the army the 11th went into camp at Decherd, Tenn., where it 
remained until the advance into Georgia on the 1st of September. The 
march over the mountains was accomplished under great difficulties and at a 
test of great endurance on the part of the troops. On the 11th of September 
the regiment then serving in the 2d brigade, 2d division, 14th corps, was 
engaged in the affair at Davis's Cross Koads, assisting in covering the retreat 
of Ncgley's and Baird's divisions from Dug Gap. On the 19th and 20th of 
September the regiment, in command of Lieutenant Colonel Melvin Mudge, 
was in the fiercest of the fight at Chickainauga, and suifered a loss of six 
killed, 46 wounded, and 23 missing, Captain Chas. W. ISiewbcrry being among 
the killed. 

The report of Adjutant L. T. Squire says : 

" At the battle of Chickamaupra we were hotly engaged on the 19th and 20th Septem- 
ber. On the latter day the brigade, under conamand of Colonel Stoughton, of the 11th 
Michii:.ui, held one of the most important hills on Mission Ridge, covering the apjiroach 
to Pmbsville, against largely superior forces of the cueuiy until 8 o'clock al night, and was 
the last to leave the field." 

Colonel Stoughtoii says: 

"At the battle of Chickamauga September 20, the llLh Michigan was in my brigade 
and participated in the hottest of tiie light under General Thoniab, holding a daiit;eroiis 
and exposed position until after dark, and was one of the last if not the very last regi- 
ment that left the field." 

Lossing says of the fighting late on the 20th : 

"There was now a lull of hnlf an hour. It was the deep calm before the bursting of the 
tempest. A greater portion of tin; Coiif<'derat(( ai my was swarming arciiiid tlie foot of 
the ridge, on which stood Thomas with the remnuuLs of seven divisions of the aimy of the 



318 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

Cumberland. Longstreet was then in immediate command of his own veterans, for Hood 
had lost a leg during the morning; and to human vision there seemed no ray of hope for 
the Nationals. But Thomas stood like a rock, and assault after assault was repulsed, 
until the sun went down, when by order of General Rosecrans, sent by General Garfield, 
his chief-of-staff (who reached the ridge at 4 o'clock), he commenced the withdrawal of 
his troops to Kossville. His ammunition was nearly exhausted. His men had not more 
than three rounds apiece when Steedman arrived and furnished them with a small supply, 
and this was consumed in the succeeding struggle. " 

'• A new Thermopylae we found 
On Chickamauga's bloody ground; 
And in that rugged mountain pass 
He stood, our True Leonidas, 
The ' Rock of Chickamauga.' " 

Colonel Stoughton further says: 

"I commanded the 2d brigade of the 2d division, 14th army corps, the only brigade of 
Negley's division actively engaged. 

'• On the night of the 20th of September I fell back with the army to Rossville, leaving 
the field of Chickamauga after dark. The next morning, September 21st, I took up a 
position in front of Rossville, covering the approach to the battle field, and held the pos- 
ition during the day. The night of the 21st our whole army retired to Chattanooga, and 
I was ordered to send back my artillery and three regiments of my brigade, and to remain 
in charge of the picket line and cover the movement. I had my artUlery drawn off by 
hand and mufHed the sound by putting leaves and small bushes under the wheels. I 
remained with the 69th Ohio, IStli Kentucky, 37th Indiana, and 11th Michigan regiments 
till ten minutes past 4 o'clock next morning, when I successfully withdrew my pickets and 
made a forced march to Chattanooga without the loss of a man. When I withdrew my 
line I could hear the enemy moving. I received my final orders from General George H. 
Thomas, and knew that he regarded it as a dangerous and important duty, and he after- 
wards compUmented me personally on my success. " 

A& a part of the 2d brigade, commanded by Colonel Stonghton, and in the 
1st division (Johnson's) of Palmer's 14th corps, the regiment was present 
during the siege at Chattanooga. 

At the battle of Mission liidge on November 25th, 1863, the 11th was in 
the same brigade and participated in the main and victorious charge, with a 
loss of six killed and thirty-three wounded. The brigade was then composed 
ol the 19th Illinois, 18th and 69th Ohio, 15th, 16th, 18th, and 19th regulars, 
and 11th Michigan. 

General Thunjus's army was formed in front of Mission Ridge, a semi- 
circular range of steep and difficult hills, south of Chattanooga, upon which 
the rebels had erected formidable works. The 11th was formed in the left 
center of Stoughton's brigade, facing the enemy. Whether the formidable 
heights were to be charged was unknown to the men, and probably to the 
ollicers. 

The forenoon wore away in suspense. At length a aid-de-camp dashed up, 
and, saluting Colonel Stoughton, said, "The general commanding sends his 
comitlimenls and directs you to charge the hill." The movement was imme- 
diately commenced. The brigade marched obliquely to the left until it closed 
well on the rigbt of Sheridan's division. By this time it had gained the open 
tield in front of the heights. General Stoughton's order, "Forward, double- 
quick I" was distinctly heard, and repealed throughout the brigade. The 
next instant came the final order, " March 1" and the whole command dashed 
forward over an open plain of half a mile, under a teirilic fire of shot, shell, 
and canister from the enemy's batteries. 

The enemy's skirmishers at the bottom of the hill were trodden under foot, 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 319 

and the men went straight for the enemy's works, regardless of bullet, shot, 
and shell. 

Slowly but surely the close ranks pushed up the steep ascent, until the first 
line of works midway to the crest was gained. The firing on both sides sim- 
ultaneously ceased for a few moments. Then the line moved steadily and 
irresistibly onward and upward. When near the top the enemy seemed struck 
witli astonishment, and retreated in the wildest disorder. 

Half way up the steep and rugged ascent the gallant Major Bennett, of the 
11th, fell while leading his regiment, Captain P. H. Keegan assuming com- 
mand. The enemy's fire on this part of the advance was heavy and rapid. 
Twice the colors of the 11th went down, but were still borne bravely aloft and 
onward. Three color-bearers of the 19th Illinois were shot down, but the 
colors moved on, borne to the crest by a captain, 24 bullet-holes in his cloth- 
ing attesting the terrible leaden storm. Six times the colors of the 1st Ohio, 
serving in another brigade, were shot down, but they also moved on and 
upwards. 

Colonel Stoughton says of Quartermaster Sergeant Jas. W. King, of the 
11th: "Taking a voluntary part in the battle, he behaved with conspicuous 
gallantry, and received a severe wound." It has been very satisfactorily 
established that Sergeant King was among the first to reach the summit. 

Among the wounded of the 11th were Captain Keegan, slightly; Captain 
Bissell and Lieutenant Rossiter, severely. 

The 11th was undoubtedly one of tlie first to reach the enemy's works on 
the extreme crest, while it has always been persistently claimed by officers and 
men to have been the first. Although General Thomas says in his report that 
the hill was carried dmultaneoudy at six different points, yet it seems to be 
unquestionably established in the histories that Palmer's corps made the first 
break in the rebel works on the crest, Johnson's division of that corps forming 
the apex in the advance, portions of which, leaping over the embankment, 
captured guns and prisoners. 

"Just as the sun, weary of the scene, was sinking out of sight, the advance 
surged over the crest with magnificent bursts all along the line, exactly as you 
have seen the crested waves leap up at the breakwater. In a minute those 
flags fluttered along the fringe, where fifty rebel guns were kenneled. What 
colors were the first on the mountain battlement one dare not try to say; 
bright honor itself might be proud to bear, nay, to follow the hindmost. Foot 
by foot they had fought up the steep, slippery with much blood ; let them go 
to glory together." 

From the report of Colonel Stoughton : 

" The regiment was posted on the left of the division, and in the decisive charge was 
one of the lirst to reach the enemy's worlds." 

Greeley says: 

" General Grant had been awaiting advices of Hooker's successful advance on the right 
before giving Thomas the signal to advance. Unaware of the long detention of Hooker in 
bridging Lookout creek, he had expected such advices before noon, and was still impa- 
tiently awaiting them, when seehig that Bragg was weakening his center to support his 
right, and judging that Hooker must by tins time be at or near llossville, ho gave Thomas, 
at 2 P. M., the order to advance and attack. At once liaird's, Wood's, Sheridan's, and 
Johnson's divisions went forward, with double lines of skirmishers in front, followed, at 
easy supporting distance, by the entire force, right into the enemy's ritle-pits at the base 
of the ridge, driving out the occupants, and hardly stopping to reform their linos before 
they charged right up the steep and dillicult ascent, slowly, of course, but steadily, and in 
order, following so close to the retreating foe as to embarrass, doubtless, his gunners 
firing from the crest of the ridge. " 



320 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

General Thomas further says: 

" Generals Wood and Baird being obstinately resisted by regnforcements from the ene- 
my's extreme right, continued fighting until darkness set in, but steadily driving the 
enemy before them. In moving upon Eossville, General Hooker encountered Stewart's 
division and other troops. Finding his left flank threatened, Stewart attempted to escape 
by retreating towards Greysville, but some of his force finding their retreat threatened in 
that quarter retired in disorder toward their right, along the crest of the ridge, where 
they were met by another portion of General Hooker's command, and were driven by 
these troops in the face of Johnson's division of Palmer's corps, by whom they were nearly 
all made prisoners. " 

Says General Grant in his official report : 

"These troops moved forward, drove the enemy from the rifle-pits at the base of the 
ridge like bees from a hive, stopped but a moment until the whole were in line, and com- 
menced the ascent of the mountain from right to left almost simultaneously, following 
closely the retreating enemy without further orders. They encountered a fearful volley 
of grape and canister from near thirty pieces of artillery, and musketiy from still weU- 
filled rifle-pits on the summit of the ridge. Not a waver, however, was seen in all that 
long line of brave men. Their progress was steadily onward until the summit was in their 
possession. In this charge the casualties were remarkably few for the fire encountered. 
I can account for this only on the theory that the enemy's surprise at the audacity of such 
a charge caused confusion and purposeless aiming of their pieces." 

Moving in pursuit of the enemy after the battle of Mission Ridge the 11th, 
in command of command of Captain P. H. Keegan, still serving in Stoughton's 
brigade of Palmer's corps, assisted in capturing Ferguson's battery. The 
brigade, soon after dark on the evening of the 25th of November, crossed Pea 

Vine creek on a hastily constructed bridge, and immediately pushed forward 
to attack the retreating enemy, -.vhile two other brigades were in echelon to 
cover the movement. The brigade was formed in double lines, and pushed 
through a thick chaparral toward the main road, surprising and capturing a 
rebel picket post, and on learning that the battery was passing, Stoughton 
immediately attacked and captured it, guns, caissons, horses, and most of the 
men. Tiie command bivouacked on the field, and next morning the captured 
battery and prisoners were sent to Chattanooga in charge of the 11th Michigan, 
while the rest of the brigade under Colonel Stoughton continued the murch to 
Ringgold. On the return of Palmer's corps to Chattanooga the 11th was 
placed on outpost duty at Rossville, where it remained until the 15th of March, 
when it proceeded to Greysville, and again joined the 2d brigade of Johnson's 
division, 4th corps, from which it had been detached, and on the 7th of May 
entered upon the Georgia campaign under Sherman, and was engaged with the 
enemy at Buzzard's Roost on the 10th. On the llth it participated in the 
engagement at Resaca, and on the 27th at New Hope churcli, where it remained 
eight days, holding an exposed position, and almost constantly under tire. 
During the month its loss was four killed and eight wounded. 

Tlie enemy having evacutited his works at New Hope Church, on the 5th 
of June, and retreated to Kenesaw Mountain, the regiment assisted in the 
pursuit to that jjoint. It was here frequently eng;iged in skirmishing, and 
undei' a heavy tirtillery lire, its loss in tiie month of June being two killed 
and live woiuRled. The enemy left their position at Kenesaw Mountain on 
the 2d of July, and on the 3d the regiment moved in pursuit. An incident 
occurred during this pursuit which has been kindly furnished by James W. 
King, now of tlie Lansing Republican, then quartermaster sergeant of the 

. lltli, who was i)reseiit at the time of its occurrence, which serves to show the 
])ractical and positive character of that grand hero General George 11. Tliomas. 
King says: "Julinson's division of the 14th corps, theu in command of Gen- 



I 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 321 

eral John H. King, U. S. A., a uativo of Michigan, was moving along the 
main road, and about four miles south of Marietta, Colonel Stoughton being 
in coininand of the leading brigade. General King and staff were about 
twenty rods in advance of Colonel Stoughton and staff, while the 11th Mich- 
igan and tile rest of the division were pressing rapidly forward. A small force 
of rebel cavalry made its appearance some distance in front, fired a harmless 
volley, then faced about and quickly disappeared from view. As Stoughton 
came up General King said, '1 thought other troo[)S were iu advance of us.' 
About this time General Thomas and staff appeared upon the scene. The 
division commander quickly explained the situation to his chief. 'You are 
iu the advance,' said Thomas, and in his deliberate way added, 'Throw out 
two or three companies of the 11th Micliigan as skirmishers, and continue to 
push right along as you have been doing. Hooker is on the left and Schofield 
is on the right. Keep things steadily moving and if the rebels cause you too 
much trouble order up some of the artillery and scrawl the canister to them.' " 

The pursuit was briskly kept up for two miles further when the enemy was 
found strongly intrenclied. Sharp skirmishing ensued during the afternoon, 
and on the 4th the 11th participated in the successful charge on the first line 
of the enemy's works, losing in the affair three killed and 10 wounded, Col- 
onel Stoughton and Lieutenant Myron A. Benedict, of Company A, being 
among the severely wounded, the former losing a leg and the latter an arm. 

General Sherman in his Memoirs describes these stirring events as follows: 

" Ordering every part of the army to pursue vigorously on the morning of July 3d, I 
rode into Marietta just quitted by the rebel rear guard, and was terribly angry at the 
cautious pursuit by Garrard's cavalry, and even by the head of our infantry columns, 
but Johnstone had in the advance cleared and multiplied his roads, whereas ours had to 
cross at right angles from the direction of Powder Springs towards Marietta, producing 
delay and confusion. By night Thomas's head of column ran up against a strong rear 
guard entrenched at Smyrna camp ground, six miles below Marietta, and there on the 
next day we celebrated our Ith of July by a noisy but not a desperate battle, designed 
chiefly to hold the enemy there until Generals McPherson and Schotield could get weU 
into position below him near the Chattahoochee crossing. It was here that General 
Noyes, late governor of Ohio, lost his leg. I came very near being shot myself while 
reconnoitenng in the second story of a house on our picket Une, which was struck several 
times by cannon shots and perfectly riddled by musket balls." 

Crossing the Chattahoochee river on the 17th July, the regiment engaged 
in the battle at Peach Tree Creek on the ;<!Oth, where it sustained a loss of 
two killed and nine wounded. It was also pret^^ent at the battle of the 7th of 
August, and participated in a charge on the enemy's works in front of Atlanta, 
taking possession of one line of defense. The casualties iu the regiment in 
this action were Lieutenant Edward U. Catliii and 15 killed, with 15 wounded. 

The periotl for which the regiment enlisted having expired, it was ordered 
to Chattanooga on the 27th of August. The rebel Ceneral Wheeler being 
then engaged in making a raid into Tennessee, the regiment, then in command 
of Lieutenant Colonel Mudge, immediately after its arrival at Chattanooga on 
tlie 8Uth, was ordered to join the column in pursuit, and marched to Murfrees- 
boro, and thence to Huntsville, Ala., but without meeting the enemy it 
returned to Chattanooga on the 13tli of Sei)tember. Leaving here two com- 
missioned officers and 150 men — veterans and recruits wliose terms hail not 
ex[iired — tlie regiment started for Michigan on tiie l8th, arriving at Sturgis 
on the 25th. On the 30tii of September it was mustered out of service. 

Tlie regiment took part in engagements at Gallatin, Tenn., August 13, 
1862; Fort Ki ley, Tenn., September 1, 18G2; Stone Kiver, Tenn., December 
41 



332 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

39-31, 1863; January 2, 3, 1863; Elk River, Tenn., July 1, 1863; Davis 
Cross Roads, Tenn., September 11, 1863; Chickamauga, Ga., September 19, 
30, 1863; Mission Ridge, Tenn., November 35, 1863; Graysville, Ga., Novem- 
ber 36, 1863; Buzzard's Roost, Ga., May 10, 1864; Resaca, Ga., J\|ay 14, 
1864; New Hope Church, Ga., May 37, 1864; Kenesaw, Ga., Jane 3'3-37, 
1864; Rough's Station, Ga., July 3, 4, 1864; Peach Tree Creek, Ga., July 
30, 1864; Atlanta, Ga., August 7, 1864; siege of Atlanta, Ga., July 33 to 
August 37, 1864. 

The entire enrollment of this regiment was 1,339, while its losses were 386; 
having four officers, 45 men killed in action, one officer, 36 men died of 
wounds, and one officer and 198 men of disease. 

"And ne'er beside their noble grave 
May Columbia pass and fail to crave 
A blessing on the fallen brave." 



ELEVENTH INFANTRY (REORGANIZED). 



On the 3(3 of September, 1864, general orders were issued from the Adjutant 
■General's office, by direction of the Governor, authorizing the reorganization 
of the 11th Regiment, under the superintendence of Colonel W. L. Stoughton, 
who was appointed commandant of camp; but nothing had been accomplished 
in that direction until about the middle of February following, when its head- 
■quarters were established at Jackson, and active measures commenced for its 
recruitment, which resulted in the rapid completion of the regiment. On the 
4th. of March four companies left the State for Nashville, Tenn., and on the 
16th, the entire organization having been effected, the other six companies, 
with the field and staff, in command of Colonel Patrick H. Keegan, left Jack- 
son on the 18th for the same point. About the 1st of April the regiment was 
ordered to Chattanooga to report to General Steedman, then commanding that 
district, and was assigned to the 3d brigade, 2d separate division. Army of the 
Cumberland. It remained at Chattanooga about three weeks, when it was 
sent to East Tennessee and placed on duty guarding the Chattanooga and 
Knoxville railroad, four companies being stationed along the line of that road, 
about 15 to 20 miles apart, and the other six companies at Cleveland. These 
companies continued on duty at those points for two months, when the regi- 
ment was ordered to report to General Steedman, at Knoxville, and there 
remained, doing guard duty, until August 3d, wlien it received orders to pro- 
ceed to Nashville, and was there mustered out of service on the Itjth of Sep- 
tember, and, in command of Colonel Keegan, arrived on the 23d at Jackson, 
Mich., where it was paid off and disbanded. The reginieut had borne on its 
rolls 1,140 officers and men, and its loss was 81, died of disease. 



TWELFTH REGIMENT INFANTRY. 



We're fighting for the Union, 

We're fighting for the trust. 
We're fighting for the happy lana 

Where sleeps our fathers' dust." 

Niles was selfcted as the place of rendezvous for the 12th Regiment, and its 
organization under the direction of Colonel Francis Quinn was commenced in 
September, 1861. 

The regiment was made up of the following companies, recruited mainly in 
the vicinities named as the places of organization : 

A, Cassopolis. B, Benton. C, Buchanan. D, Albion. E, Niles. F, Niles. G, Lan- 
sing. H, Lawton. I, Berrien. K, Niles. 

The 12th completed its organization and was mustered into service on March 
5, 1863, with a strength of 1,000 officers and men. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Colonel, Francis Quinn, Niles. Lieutenant Colonel, William H. Graves, Adrian. Major, 
George Kimmel, Niles. Surgeon, George L. Brunschweiler, Etigle Harbor. Assistant 
Surgeon, Robert C. Kedzie, Lansing. Adjutant, Charles L. Bissell, Chicago, Illinois. 
Quartermaster, Fitz H. Stevens, Niles. Chaplain, Andrew J. Eldred, Niles. 

A. Captain, Joseph Harper, Cassopolis. First Lieutenant, Charles A. Van Eiper, 
CassopoUs. Second Lieutenant, David M. McLelland, Dowagiac. 

B. Captain, Thomas Wallace, St. Joseph. First Lieutenant, Lewis W. Pearl, Benton. 
Second Lieutenant, Robert B. King, St. Joseph. 

C. Captain, John M. Albert, Buchanan. First Lieutenant, William F. Molsberry, 
Buchanan. Second Lieutenant, Benjamin E. Binns, Buchanan. 

D. Captain. Phineas Graves, Albion. First Lieutenant, Joseph McCloy, Jackson. Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, George H. Graves, Albion. 

E. Captain, Hen)-y Gephart, Niles. First Lieutenant, Thomas C. Bradley, Three Oaks. 
Second Lieutenant, Byron B. Rockwell, Niles. 

F. Captain, Russell M. Weston, Niles. First Lieutenant, David Reeve, Jackson. Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, Samuel E. Graves, Adrian. 

G. Captain, Isaac M. Cravath, Lansing. First Lieutenant, George H. Gassimere, 
Lansing. S(;cond Lieutenant, Alexander G. Davis, Dearborn. 

H. Captain, Gilbert D. Johnson, Lawton. Fust Lieutenant, Charles E. Han-ey, Mar- 
shall. Second Lieutenant, Jonathan L. Chase, Lawton. 

I. Captain, Darius Biown, Berrien. First Lieutenant, John Graham, Berrien. Second 
Lieutenant, Chai les E. Howe, Berrien. 

K. Captain, William H. S. Banks, Porter. First Lieutenant, Andrew P. Collins, Niles. 
Second Lieutenant, Daniel D. Flanigan, Niles. 

On the ever memorable day, the 23d of February, 1863, the ladies of Niles 
gave to the regiment a valuable silk banner. It was presented on their behalf 
by Miss Mary Penrose, and a response made by the Colonel of the regiment^ 
Francis Quinn. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAli. 325 

The regiment moved from Niles on the 18th of March, 18G2, taking the 
route to St. Louis, Mo.; thence it was liurriL'd forward by steamer via the 
Mississippi, Oliio, and Tennessee rivers, reaching Pittsburg Landing in time 
to take part iu the important action fougiit at that place on the 6th and 7th 
of April. On its arrival there it was assigned to Colonel Peabody's brigade of 
General Prentiss's division, Army of the Tennessee, and was one of the first 
regiments attacked by the enemy, suffering a severe loss, among the wounded 
being Lieutenant Alexander G. Davis, who died of his wounds at Cincinnati ou 
April 21sr following. 

The battle of Shiloh be^ng an important event in the history of the 13th, 
the following extract from a report of Colonel Graves is inserted. 

" On Friday before the battle of Shiloh a reconnoissance was made from the division of 
General Sherman (I think from Sherman's) which was met by the enemy and severely 
repulsed. The following day, Saturday, General Prentiss's division was reviewed by 
General Prentiss. After the review Major Powell, of the 25th Missouri, came to m© 
(I was division oflBcer of the day), and said he saw 'Butternuts' looking through the 
underbrush at the parade, about a dozen. I had been out that morning about ten miles 
in our front and saw no cavalry vidett( ?. or infantry pickets, except our respective brigade 
guards, perhaps fifty rods in advance of our color line, and hence, taking into considera- 
tion the repulse of General Sherman's reconnoissance the day before, thought Major 
Powell's report might be correct, and, as you may imagine, after my experience at Bull 
Hun, I felt ill at ease. Upon the representation of Major Powell and myself. General 
Prentiss ordered out onfe company of the 12th Michigan as an advance picket; this about 
dusk. About 8.30 o'clock Captain Johnson reported from the front that he could see long 
lines of camp fires, hear bugle sounds and drums, which I reported to General Prentiss, 
and he remarked that the company would be taken if left there, that it was merely a 
reconnoissance of the enemy in force, and ordered the company in, which was obeyed. 
Previous to this I had informed General Prentiss of the indefensible condition of our 
front. 

" About 10 o'clock I went with Captain Johnson to the tent or headquarters of General 
Prentiss, and the Captain told him what he saw. The General remarked that we need 
not be all alarmed, that everything was all right. 

" To me it did not appear ' all right.' Major Powell, myself, and several other ofHcers 
went then to the headquarters of Colonel Peabody, of the 25th Missouri, commanding 
our brigade, and related to him what had transpired. We remained there until about 
midnight, when Colonel Peabody ordered out two companies from the 12th Michigan and 
two companies from the 25th Missouri, under command of Major Powell, upon his own 
responsibility. About 3 o'clock in the morning the advance of the enemy came up with 
this body of men, who fought them till dayhght, gradually falling back till they came up 
■with the 12th and 25th regiments, which had advanced about fifty rods in front of their 
color line. There the regiments met the enemy and fought till overpowered, when we 
fell back to our color line and re-formed, when the same thing was repeated, and we fell 
back to a third position, which was retained until Pi'entiss's division was surrounded and 
a large portion of it captured, 

" General Prentiss was so loth to believe that the enemy was in force that our division 
was not organized for defense, not even brigades, but each regiment acted upon its OMm 
hook, so far as I was able to observe. 

" The point I wish to make is this: That had it not been for these four companies which 
were sent out by Colonel Peabody, our whole division would have been taken in their 
tents, and the day would have been lost without doubt, in my own mind. I shaU always 
think that Colonel Peabody saved the battle of Shiloh, and that the two companies of 
the 12th Michigan and the two companies of the 25th Misbouri were the instruments in 
his hands. * 

" I do not claim that the whole regiment 'covered itself with glory,' nor could it be 
expected from a r(>giment that had been in the field but two weeks, and fully one-half 
unlit for duty by disease, besides not bemg properly organized with the wliole com- 
mand for defense. We were as a regiment engaged both days of the light, which cannot 
be said of many of the regiments, not only of Prentiss, but other divisions of the whole 
command. My recollection is, that we lost 226 in killed, wounded, and missing. 

"The second morning of the battle I found myself in command of what there was left 
-of the regiment, many having been scattered during the series of retreats the previous 
•day, but our division as an organization was broken entirely, — Colonel Peabody killed, — 



326 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

and I advanced from the landing and asked permission to join my regiment (about 200 all' 
told), of Colonel Tuttle's brigade. I joined the right of Colonel Crocker's regiment^ 
where we remained, often warmly engaged, till the enemy retreated." < 

Pollaid Siiys of the commencement of the fight at Shiloh : ^ 

" In the early dawn of Sunday, the 6th of April, the magnificent array was moving 
forward for deadly conflict, passing easily through the thin ranks of tall forest trees which 
afforded open views on every side. But the enemy scarcely gave time to discuss the 
question of attack, for soon after dawn he commenced a rapid musketry fii-e on the Con- 
federate pickets." 

A writer says of the scene at Pittsburg Landing on the night of General 
Buell's advance to the re-enforcement of General Grant: 

" Through the night the shells from the gunboats crashed along the rebellines. So 
destructive was the fire that Beauregard was obUged to fall back from the position he 
had won by such sacrifice of human life. There was activity at the landing. The 
steamers went to Savaimah, took on board McCook's and Crittenden's divisions of Buell's 
array and transported them to Pittsburg. Few words were spoken as they marched up 
the hill in the darkness, with the thousands of wounded on either hand, but there were 
many silent thanksgivings that they had come. The wearied soldiers lay down in battle 
line to broken sleep, with their loaded guns beside them. The sentinels stood like statues 
of death, watching and waiting for the morning. 

" The battle cloud hung like a pall above the forest, the gloom and darkness deepened, 
the stars, which had looked calmly down from the depths of heaven, withdrew from the 
scene, — a horrible scene, for the exploding shells had set the forest on fire. The flames 
consumed the withered leaves and twigs of the thickets and crept up to the helpless 
wounded, to friend and foe alike. There was no hand but God's to save them. He heard 
their cries and groans. The rain came, extinguishing the flames; it drenched the men in 
arms awaiting for daybreak to come to renew the strife, but there were hundreds of 
wounded parched with fever, restless with pain, who thanked God for the rain." 

During April and May following the regiment remained at Pittsburg Land- 
ing, and in June and July it was at Jackson, Tenn. In August it was sta- 
tioned at Bolivar, Tenn. The 12th, in command of Colonel Graves, was on 
picket duty near the field of action at luka on September 2d, and was in the 
battle of Metaniora, on the Hatchie river, October 5th, with loss, and was 
com{)limented in the report of General Hurlburt, commanding, for efficiency 
and bravery in the action. The loss of the regiment since it entered the ser- 
vice was 20 killed in action, 92 wounded, 21 died of wounds, and 106 died 
of disease. 

Moving from Bolivar, Tenn., on the 4th of November, 18G2, this regiment 
was occupied until May 31st, 1863, rn guarding the Mississippi Central rail- 
road, from Hickory Valley to near Bolivar,, with its headquarters at Middle- 
burg, Tenn. On the 24th of December, 115 men of the 12th being in a block 
house in Middleburg, under command of the colonel, a large force of Van 
Dorn's rebel cavalry, said to number 3,000, surrounded tliem and demanded 
tl)eir surrender. This being refused, a severe engagement ensued, and after 
ineffectual efforts for n)ore than two hours to carry the defenses, the enemy 
withdrew, leaving nine killed and eleven wounded on the field. Fifteen rebel 
prisoners, among them ten officers, were captured. The 12th lost six wounded, 
only one of Liiem severely, and thirteen prisoners, most of whom were captured 
while on |)ieket on the railroad. In general orders published from the head- 
(juarlers of (Jeneral Grant, the 12th and other regiments that had successfully 
<lefonded their posts on the railroad were declared to be "deserving of the 
thanks of the army, which was in a measure. dependent on the road they so 
nobly defended for supplies." 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 327 

From a correspondent at the time : 

" On the morning of December 24th, 1862, Lieutenant Colonel Dwlght May, of the 12th 
Michigan Infantry, left Mitldleburg, for Bolivar, Tenri., some seven miles distant, to 
attend a military commission convened by order of General Grant. "When about two 
miles from Middleburg he saw horsemen approaching; as they neared he saw that they 
had on the blue overcoat of our army, and from the pucuUar gait of then- horses, and the 
frequent backward movement of the legs of their riders, and their numbers, he halted, 
took out his held glass, and was about adjusting it when the advance guard tired at him 
and put then* horses to their utmost speed. They were only about 25 rods apart. Colonel 
JVlay immediately changed his base and started for camp, and having the better horse 
soon left his pursuers. They exhausted considerable ammunition, and hallooed lustily for 
him to halt. Not regarding their request, he soon after readied camp and reported to 
Colonel Graves the state of afifairs. It was soon discovered that Van Dorn's army, num- 
bering from Uve to seven thousand of cavalry and mounted infantry, were near and dis- 
posed to make us trouble. The camp was speedily put in lighting order. Water, ammu- 
nition, and such things as would be needed were hurried into our rude fortifications. The 
quartermaster sent his teams and such stores as could be thrown on the wagons out of 
the way. In a very short time the enemy had made his dispositions, and approaching 
with a hag of truce boldly demanded the unconditional surrender of the post. Colonel 
Graves did not propose to surrender without a light; he was put there to defend the 
place, not to surrender it. Very soon after the enemy appeared in line of battle as 
infantry, expecting an easy -victory. With only 115 Austrian muskets, the Michigan boys 
In blue opened on the enemy from their rude fortifications. For nearly two hours and a 
half the air was filled with bullets. The enemy advanced, and was as often repulsed. At 
last, finding that the place was too hot for them, and fearing the result of a charge, he 
gathered up his dead and wounded and left. 

'■ Over 4,000 rounds were fired at the enemy by the detachment of the 12th. Several 
came in and surremUned themselves as prisoners, and we used up in killed and wounded, 
according to the best reports we could get from the enemy and their friends, nearly three 
times our own number. 

" Our losses were shght, a few wounded, none severely, and a few men on out-post duty 
were captured. 

"During the fight the enemy tried several times to draw us out of our fortifications, 
which consisted of a small log house formerly used for a grocery, a cotton platform, the 
plaiik taken from the top and put aromid the sides, and the loft of a brick store. 

" Every officer and man fought with a will, and with their gallant colonel preferred to 
die rather than surrender. The detachment consisted of portions of companies D, E, G, 
and K. The headquarters of the regiment was at Middleburg, the balance of the regi- 
ment was then at BoUvar and at the ' Trestle,' on the raiU'oad towai'ds Grand Junction." 

(joloiiel Graves, cominunding, says in a report: 

"The advance of General Van Dorn's command soon made its appearance, and a flag 
of truce was sent in by a lieutcMiant colonel of staff which I met. The officer asked, 
' Who is in command?' I answered, 'I am;' whereupon he surveyed me from head to 
foot (1 had been playing bail that morning, pants in boots, having on a jacket witiiuut 
straps), with a disdainful air and said: ' General Van Dorn demands a surrender of you 
and the whole damned thing immediately; we don't want to bother with you.' It was my 
mteiition to have asked it he had artillery, but his important demeanor did not set very 
well as may be imagined, and I upon the spur of the moment rephed, ' Give my compli- 
ments to the General and say to him I have no doubt he can whip us, but wiiile he is 
getting a meal we will try and get a mouthful.' He then remarked, 'That is what you 
say, is itV To which I made answer, ' That is what I say, is it,' and he wheeled, put 
spurs to his horse, and I double-quicked to my command, which was located in a depot 
platform with planks doubled and port-holes cut, and a block or rather log house having 
puit-holes. The enemy advanced until I fired a musket (which was the signal when my men 
were to lire), when the enemy broke up in confusion and sought log buildings and ditches, 
where they fought us for two hours and twenty-five minutes, and finally left us 'mon- 
archs of all we surveyed ' in one sense. 

" Tlie whole force of General Van Dorn was between five and six thousand, about one- 
half of winch fought us, tiie balance holding the horses. They lost (as near as I can 
recollect; 135 killed, wounded, and prisoners, among the latter three olUcers wounded, 
one mortally. There were six of my men wounded through the port-holes, one killed, 
and 13 taken prisoners, mostly on picket along the raiiioad. Over 4,000 rounds were 
fired by the men of the 12th during the action." 

This engagement, so remarkable for disparity in numbers, yet the defense 



d28 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

having been so gallant and successful that the regiment was highly compli- 
mented for bravery by General Grant, in the following orders: 



Headquaetebs Post of Bolivar, ) 
3j ) Bolivar, Tenn., Jan. 20, 28ii3. ) 

No. 3. ' ) 



GENERAii Orders, ) Bolivar, Tenn., Jan. 20, ISUS. 



The following general order from the headquarters of the department of the Tennes- 
see is promulgated, to be read on dress parade at the head of each regiment and deiauh- 
ment in this command. 

The General commanding availing himself of the appropriate occasion, made immedi- 
ate report of the circumstances attending the gallant and successful defense of Middle- 
burg, and gratefully commended Colonel W. H. Graves, and his heroic httle band of the 
12th Michigan to the notice of the General commanding the district and department. 

It is gratifying to find their conduct appreciated in terms of fitting praise. Incidents 
like these referred to by the department commander serve to develop the sterling qual- 
ities of officers and soldiers more strikingly than great battles. 

Passing by in melancholy silence, the painful contrast which the subjoined order dis- 
closes, the General commanding the post of Bolivar has again to thank the defenders of 
Middleburg that a most determuied and apparently overpowering effort of the enemy was 
defeated by their valor and fortitude. 



General Orders, 



No. 4. \ 



Headquarters Department of the Tennessee, / 
Holly Springs, Mississippi, January 6th, 2663. ) 



I. The Major General commanding the department takes just pride and satisfaction in 
congratulating the small garrisons of the posts of Coldwater, Davis's MUls, and Middle- 
burg, for the heroic defence of their positions on the 2Uth, 21st, and 24th ultimo, and the 
successful repulse of an enemy many times their number. 

The yoth llhnois at Coldwater (its first engagement), the detachment of the veteran 
25th Indiana, and two com^panies of the 5th Ohio cavalry at Davis's Mills, and the detach- 
ment of the gallant 12th Michigan at Middleburg, are deserving of the thanks of the army, 
which was in a measure dependent upon the road they so nobly defended, for supplies, 
and they will receive the meed of praise ever awarded by a grateful public to those who 
bravely and successfully do their duty. 

These regiments are entitled to inscribe upon their banners respectively Coldwater, 
Daivis's Mills, and Middleburg, with the names of other battle fields made victorious by 
theii' valor and discipline. 

It is gratilying to know that at every point where our troops made a stand during the 
late raid of the enemy's cavalry, success followed, and the enemy, was made to suffer a 
loss hi killed and wounded greater than the entire garrisons of the places attacked; espec- 
ially was this the case at Davis's Mills and Middleburg. The only success gained by Van 
Dorn was at Holly Springs, where the whole garrison was left, by their commander, in 
ignorance of the approach of danger. 

II. Colonel 11. G. Murphy, of the 8th Regiment Wisconsin Infantry volunteers, having, 
while in command of the post of Holly Springs, Mississippi, neglected and failed to exer- 
cise the usual and ordinary precautions to guard and protect the same, havuig after 
repeated and timely warning of the approach of an enemy failed to make any preparations lor 
resistance or defense, or show any disposition to do so, and having with a force amply suffi- 
cient to have repulsed the enemy, and protect the public stoi-es intrusted to his care, liis- 
gracefully permitted him to capture the post and destroy the stores, and the movement 
of troops in the face of the enemy rendering it impracticable to convene a court martial 
for his trial, is theiefore dismissed the service of the United States, to take effect from 
the 2Uth day of December, 1802, tlie date of his cowardly and disgraceful conduct. 

By order of 

MAJOR GENERAL U. S. GRANT. 
John A. Rawlins, Assistant Adjutant General. 

By command of 

BRIGADIER GENERAL M. BRAYMAN. 
John Pbets, Acting Asst. Adj't General. 

Embarking at Memphis on transports, the regiment arrived at Chickasaw 
Bayou, near Vicksburg, on the 3d ol June, 18G3. Disembarking at Sartalia, 
.on the Yazoo river, the regiment inarched to Mcclianicsburg, skirniisliing on 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 329 

the march with the rebel cavalry. From thence it proceeded to Hayne's Bluff, 
by an exhausting march, during which a number of men fell under the oppres- 
sive heat. 

The 12th remained at Hayne's and Snyder's Bluffs until the fall of Vicks- 
burg. On the 2Sth of July it embarked for Helena, Arkansas, in command 
of Lieutenant Colonel May, Colonel Graves being in command of tiie brigade. 
It encamped near Helena until the loth of August, wiien it marched with the 
army from that point, and on the 11th of September went into camp near 
Little Ht)ck, having composed part of General Steele's comnuiud while investi- 
ing that place. 

On the 26th and 27th of October the regiment moved to Benton, Arkansas. 

During the year it lost three died of wounds and twenty-eight of disease. 

On November 1st, tlie regiment marched from Benton to Little Eock, Arkan- 
sas, where 33-1 rcenlisted as veteratis. It remained there until the llth of 
January, 18G4, wiien it started for Michigan, and arriving at Niles February 
1st, was furlouglied for thirty days. The regiment reassembled at Niles on 
the Gth of Miirch, and having received a large number of recruits, left on the 
21st for Little Hock, where it arrived on the 1st of April. On the 20th the 
regiment uiarched towards Pine Bluffs, arriving tliere on the 28tb, a niMrch of 
forty-eight miles in two days. On the evening of the 29th it marclied twelve 
miles, through mud knee aeep, as guard for the wagon train of the army 
under General Steele. On the oOth it returned to Pine Bluffs, and proceeded 
by steamer on the following day to Little Rock. May 17th tlie regiment, in., 
command of Lieutenant Colonel May, Colonel Graves being in command of*, 
the brigade, moved to Brownsville, and from that place marched, by way of 
Austin, Peach Orchard Gap, and Big Caldron creek, to Springlield, arriving at 
the latter point on the 25th, having accomplished the march from Browns- 
ville, a distance of 77 miles, in five days. Returning to Little Rock on the 
31st, it there encamped until the 22d of June, when the regiment removed its 
camp to the north side of the Arkansas river. On the 25th it proceeded by 
rail to Duvall's Bin If, and from thence by steamer to Clarendon, on the Wliite 
river. It engaged the enemy under the rebel General Shelby, on the 2Gth, 
pursuing iiini on this and the following days as far as the Cotton Plant pike, 
from whence it returned to tiie White river on the 2'Jth, and proceeded the 
same night by steamer to Duvall's Bin It", where it lay until the 30th of August. 
The regiment, then commanded, by Major Phiueas Graves, moved up the 
White river on that day, but was ordered to return to the Bluffs, arriving 
there on the 2d of September. Proceeding again up the river on the 3d, the 
regiment, on the 4th, was fired into by guerrillas from the banks of the river, 
at Gregory's Landing, sustaining a loss of one killed and five wounded. It 
immediately disembarked, but the guerrillas had dispersed. During the night 
the regiment bivouacked, and on the following day moved up the river to near 
Austin, disembarked, and took possession of that place without opposition. 
On the 7th the regiment again arrived at Duvall's Bluff, where it was sta- 
tioned on the 30th of October, in command of Lieutenant Colonel May. The 
details for picket and guard duty while the regiment was stationed at this post 
were very heavy, the men being on duty nearly every day. 

During the year it bad trarveled over 3,000 miles, and. lost four men died of 
wounds and 109 by disease. 

From November Ist, 1804, until June 6th, 1865, the 12th was engaged in 
guarding railroads and on picket, provost guard, and fatigue duties, with 
42 



330 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

occasional scouting by detachments. On June 6th the regiment moved by 
rail to Little Rock, where it remained until tiie 13th, when it marched to 
Washington, in that State, arriving there on the 31st. Colonel Graves having 
resigned, and Lieutenant Colonel May being placed in command of the post. 
Major Graves assumed command of the regiment. Companies A, B, C, and 
F were detached on the 8tli of July and niuved to Camden, about sixty miles 
from Washington, arriving there on the 22c\; on the 19th Company E was 
detached and marched to Arkadelphia, arriving at that place on ttie 22d, and 
on the 21st Company D wus detaciiud and proceeded to Paraclifta, distant 45 
miles', reaching that point on the 23d; Company F was detached from Cam- 
den September 30th, and moved to Champagnole, on the Ouachita river; and 
on the 2Gth Companies H and K left Washmgcon for Camden, and the regi- 
mental headquarters were removed to the same point on the Ist of November. 
In the meantime. Lieutenant Colonel May had been promoted to the colonelcy 
and Major Graves to the lieutenant colonelcy, May being in command uf 
Ouachita river district, while Graves was in command of the regiment. The 
duties of the detachments referred to were guarding public property and 
stores, and at times scouting in the surrounding country. They continued at 
these points until January 28th, 1866, when they were ordered to assemble at 
Camden, the headqu:irtors of the regiment, for muster out of service, which 
was accomplished on tiie 16th of February. The regiment, in command of 
Colonel May, then proceeded by steam trunspoi ts down the Ouacliita and Red 
rivers, and thence via the Mississippi river to Cairo, where it took rail for 
Michigan, arriving at Jackson on the 2?th. On the 6th of March it was paid 
off and discharged. 

The 12th was engaged with the enemy at Pittsburg Landing, Tenn., April 
6, 7,1862; luka. Miss., September 19, 1862; Metamora, Tenn., Octobers, 
1862; Middleburg, Tenn., December 24, 1862; Mechanicsville, Miss., June 4, 
1863; seige of Vicksburg, Miss., June and July, 1863; siege of Little Ruck, 
Ark., August and September, 1863; Clarendon. Ark., Jun-e 26, 1864; Greg- 
ory's Landii.g, SeiHember 4, 1864. 

The membership of the 12tli was 2,825, while its losses were 432, of which 
one (Hicer, 23 men died of wounds, 28 men killed in action, three officers and 
377 men died of disease. 

"Men whose glossy hair 

Grew gray on the edge of the grave, 
Who lie so humbly there. 
Because you were grand and brave." 

Note. — Corporal William H. Burgess, company F, 12th Michigan Infantry, while on an 
expt'diiion up Cache Bayou, made a capital shot which ought to be plact-d on record. 

When about seventy-live miles from tlie mouth of Cache river in Aikansas, the boat 
in eommand of Lieutcuiant W. M. T. Bartholomew was hailed by a man from the shore. 
His oiders were to detain every citizen he met until the expedition was over. Lieuten- 
ant Wliitten, second in command, ordered the boat to stop and take the stranger on ixiard, 
and as the boat was swinging toward the shore the man started back u)) the bank and 
niounted his horse. He was ordered to halt, but instead of doing so put spurs to his 
horse and was olT like the wind. The men were ordered to fire, and did so without efTect, 
when Corporal Burgess, who had reserved his fire, drew up his musket, took (pjick aim, 
and ilied. I'ho man who was at least disliuit forty I'ods, was seen to reel ;ind piteh 
heavily to tht; ground. The ball struck him squarely in the back, coming out just below 
the lu-art. The num had every appeaiance of being a scout, and that shot pioliably 
Baved the delatchmeiit from capture, foi had he escaped to his i)and they could at almost 
any point have f«dled trees across the bayou and blocked the boat. The stream was so 
narrow in nuiny places that there was not room sullicieut for the boat to tuiii around. 
The exDcdition executed its mission and returned in safety. 



THIRTEENTH REGIMENT INFANTRY. 



*' Onward, onward, then, to battle! 

For briijht freedom points the way; 
Thoutrh tlie grape-shot thickly settle, 
Onward, onward, to the fray." 

Colonel Charles E. Stuart, formerly U. S. senator from Michigan, was 
authorized to organize the 13tli Regiment, with its rendezvous at KaianiMzoo. 

The following constituted the field aud. staff, as mustered into service Janu- 
ary 17th, 1863: 

Charles E. Stuart, Kalamazoo, Colonel. Orlando H. Moore, Schoolcraft (Captain U. 
S. aimy), Lieutenant Colonel. Frederick W. Worden, Grand Rapids, Major. Alexander 
Ewintj, Dexter, Surgeon. Foster Pratt, Kalamazoo, Assistant Surgeon. John B. Culver, 
Paw Paw, Adjutant. George F. Kidder, Kalamazoo, Quartermaster. 

The regiment was made up of the following companies, and was recruited in 
the western portion of the State : 

A. Captain, Bernard Vosburg, Galesburg. First Lieutenant, Ezekiel B. VanVleet, 
Kidgeway. Second Lieutenant, Abram Pelham, Galesburg. 

B. Captain, George B. Force, Guu Plain. First Lieutenant, William B. McLaughlin, 
Sturgis. Second Lieutenant, Jacob G. Fry, Ganges. 

C. Captain, Theodoric R. Palmer, Kalamazoo. First Lieutenant, Samuel Tower, 
Oakfield. Second Lieutenant, Silas E. Yerkes, Lowell. 

D. Captain, Loren Chadwick, Battle Creek. First Lieutenant, Henry C. Hall, Battle 
Creek. Second Lieutenant, Jerome S. Bigelow, Battle Creek. 

E. Captain, Clement C. Webb, Kalamazoo. First Lieutenant, Asahel G. Hopkins, 
Comstock. Second Lieutenant, Benjamin F. Broadwell, Comstock. 

F. Captain, Van Rensselaer W. Sunderlin, Pewamo. First Lieutenant, Joshua Slayton, 
Jackson. Second Lieutenant, James R. Slayton, Jackson. 

G. Captain, Arad C. Balcli, Kalamazoo. First Lieutenant, James E. White, Kalama- 
zoo. Second Lieutenant, John E. Woodruff, Jackson. 

H. Captain, Ezra Carpenter, Portage. First Lieutenant, Horace Phelps, Kalamazoo. 
Second Lieutenant, Daniel Jones, Kalamazoo. 

L Captain, Henry C. StoughLon, Oisego. First Lieutenant, Willard G. Eaton, Otsego. 
Second Lieutenant, Peter VanArsdaKs, Saugatuck. 

K. Captain, DeWitt C. Fitch, Mattawan. First Lieutenant, Joseph Barton, Battle 
Creek. Second Lieutenant, Harrison Balfour, Mattawan. 

While the 13th was being recruited at Kalamazoo, the citizens, desir- 
ous of providing it with a set of colors, ordered them from New York 
throngh the Hon. G. H. Gale, but before their arrival the regiment h;id left 
for the front in Kentucky. When ihey were received they were at once sent 
forward and presented ",s-rt/t,s' ce?'einonie," at Nashville, Tennessee, on dress 
parade, February 13th, 1863. They were of elegant silk and fine workmanship, 
with the inscription iu gold letters, "Presented by the citizens of Kalamazoo 



333 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

to the Thirteenth Michigan Infantry." When the regiment returned to Kal- 
aaiazoo on veteran furlough in February, 1864, the flags were formally 
returned to the donors in an appropriate and earnest: address by Surgeon Foster 
Pratt, and were received on behalf of the village authorities by tiie H^on. H. 
O. Wells. They have since been delivered in the care of the State for deposit 
with the other war flags in the State Capitol. 

These flags were with the regiment in its severest battles. — baptized with fire 
at Perryville, and in blood at Stone river, glorified at Mission Ridge, and rid- 
dled at (Jhickamauga, where three color-bearers fell, and over fifty per cent of 
the regiment. 

The regiment was mustered into service on January 17th, with an aggregate 
of 22b strong, and it left its rendezvous on the 12th of February in command 
of Colonel M. Shoemaker, of Jackson, who had been commissioned Colonel 
in place of Colonel Stuart, resigned, and took its route through Kentucky and 
Tennessee, via Bowling Green, to Nashville. 

The 13th formed part of General Wood's division of General Buell's army, 
and was on the forced march from Nashville to reinforce General Grant at 
Shiloh. It reached the battlefield at Pittsburg Landing near the close of the 
second day's fight, and until the evacuation of Corinth was engaged in picket 
and other duty with the forces that captured that post. 

It is a most noticeable fact that Michigan troops even under the most unpro- 
pitious circumstances never failed during the entire period of the war to main- 
tain a most creditable position. The conduct of the 13th Michigan while 
■with Buell's army in Nortliern Alabama in 1862, and on his celebrated race 
with Bragg from that section of the country to Louisville, Ky., is cited as 
an instance among the many, and may well be claimed as an affair in which 
that regiment while covering the retreat of that portion of Buell's army falling 
back along the line of the Nashville & Chattanooga railroad, behaved in splen- 
did style, repulsing the attacks of overwhelming numbers at Stevenson and 
Anderson's station, and although entirely isolated and exposed to the pui'suing 
enemy for a portion of that harrassing march, accomplished it in a most cred- 
itable manner. 

On the 2d of June, 1862, and soon after the occupation of Corinth by Gen- 
eral Ilalleck, the 13Lh, in command of Colonel Shoemaker, commenced the 
march from Corinth with General Buell's army eastward along the Mem[)lii3 
& Charleston railroad for the purpose of repairing that road, encam[)ing at 
various points along the line. On the 18th of July the brigade to which the 
J 3th belonged arrived at Stevenson, Ala., whore it remained until the 21st of 
August, and had built a fort there and several stockades on the line of the 
road, and performed duty guarding the railroad. At that date the jiost of 
Stevensuii, which was the depot of supplies and for convalescents of Biu'll's 
army was placed under the command of Colonel Shoemaker, with the 13ih 
Michigan, two companies of the Michigan Enginoors and Mechanics under 
the command of Lieutenant Colonel liuntoon, and two companies of Indiana 
infantry, with Captain Simonson's Indiana Battery, comprised the garrison, the 
other regiments ot the brigade having been ordered away. In tlie meantime 
General Buell had moved his headquarters from Iluntsville to Dechard, leav- 
ing Bridgeport, Stevenson, and Iluntsville in his rear, and making tlietn tlie 
outposts of his army. On the '^dd of August Colonel Shoemaker was tele- 
graphed from (Jeneral Buell's headquarters at Dechard to be in readiness to 
evacuate at a moment's warning. On the next day he was directed from the 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 335 

Bame source to hold his post as long as possible. On the 25th Bridgeport was 
ordered abandoned and the force, consisting of a section of artillery, was 
guarded by a company of Colonel Shoemaker's command to Stevenson. On 
the same day the position was ordered strengthened by the employment of 
negro labor and put in condition for an obstinate defense. On the 2fith the 
enemy made their appearance in the vicinity of Stevenson and a company of 
rebel cavalry fired on two men of the garrison within two miles of the town. 
On the 27th Colonel Shoemaker was telegraphed, ''A brigade cannot dislodge 
you ; hold the place, the property must be got away;" and again on the 29lh, 
*' Take in your guards between Bridgeport and Stevenson and prepare to 
defend the latter." He was telegraphed again on the 30th, " In case the 
trains should not get in from Huntsville you will hold your position until 
night and then march with your whole force, and if opposed force your way 
through." 

On Sunday morning, the 31st, all convalescents, baggage, and stores were 
loaded on the cars and started for Nashville. About 8 A. M. of the same day, 
and before the arrival of any trains from Huntsville, intelligence was brought 
to the fort by scouts that the enemy were making a demonstration on the 
Bolivar and Bridgeport road. Two companies of infantry and a section of 
artillery were sent out to reconnoiter and feel of the enemy. When about half 
a mile from the fort a force of rebel cavalry were seen in a piece of woods in 
advance, directly in the road. The artillery opened on them at once, when 
they scMttered, pursued by skirmishers through the woods until they came 
upon a large force of infantry, cavalry, and artilleiy, when fire was opened on 
them by the artillery. Another company of infantry was sent out with orders 
to hold the position as long as possible, as the enemy, if they advanced by this 
road, would come directly upon the depot and prevent the transfer of trains 
expected from Huntsville from the Charleston and Memphis to the Nashville 
road. After a lively cannonade of an hour or more the enemy abandoned the 
road and swung around to the south, the force that had been sent out return- 
ing to the fort. The enemy soon after came in sight of the fort and opened 
on it with artillery about 10 A. M., and continued the fire until about 3 P. M., 
their shot passing over the fort and into the town, causing no loss to the gar- 
rison. The enemy's fire was replied to with spirit by the force in the fort, 
and with considerable efTect on the rebels, holding as they did a more exposed 
position. 

Soon after 3 P. M. the trains came in from Huntsville, and with them the 
10th Wisconsin Infantry, Colonel Chapin commaiiding, CoUtnul ^hot-niaker 
then telegraphed to headquarters at Dechard that lie could liold the place if 
desirable, and received in reply au order from General Smith, ju command, to 
withdraw in good order without delay, when the movement was immediately 
commenced, the trains dispatched for Nashville with all the stores, baggage, 
convalescents, and men unable for a hard march. Tiie artillery was dis- 
charged at the enemy one gun at a time, and then immediately taken from its 
position and placed on the train, and in that manner tlie fire was kept up until 
tl)e last piece was removed. The march commenced at about 5 P. M., tlie 
10th Wisconsin taking the advance and the 13th Michigan bringing up the 
rear. Soon after the rebel cavalry followed. Company B of the 13tii were 
ambushed 'and awaited the approach of the cavalry, numbering about 200, 
when a volley from Company B brought eleven rebs from their sadil lis ; tlie 
rest fled in confusion back to Stevenson. The command marched all night. 



334 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

arriving at Anderson Station at 3 A. M., and bivouaclced. About 2 o'cloo»> 
P. M. the same day the march was resumed, reaching Tautallau Station, ai 
the foot of the Cumberland Mountains, when the command again bivouacked 
on the morning of September 2d. The march commenced across thei moun- 
tains with six pieces of artillery over a road so bad that it had not been 
traveled by wagons in eight years. On arriving at Cowan, at the foot of the 
mountains, the 10th Wisconsin and artillery were out of sight. Colonel Shoe- 
maker sent forward instructions for them to halt until he could close up with 
the 13th Michigan, and received back information that General Smith had 
left Dechard and given orders for them to march forward without delay, day 
and night, until they joined him, and that they should not wait for Colonel 
Shoemaker and balance of the command. 

After a short halt at Dechard Colonel Shoemaker continued his march and 
pressed forward as rapidly as possible, arriving at Tullnhoma about midnight 
of September 2d, where he joined General Smith with his division, having 
marched thirty-six miles during the day and part of the night. General Smith 
said to Colonel Shoemaker when he reported to him that he had given him 
and his command up as captured, expressing himself as highly pleased with 
his judicious management, courage, and successful movements under most 
trying circumstances. Next morning General Smith with his whole command 
commenced the movement on Nashville, and by forced marches reached it on 
Saturday morning, September 6th, at 2 A. M. Colonel Shoemaker and his com- 
mand had been continuously on the march day and night with but one or two 
short intervals from August 28th to September 6th, and during the time very 
short of provisions. 

The regiment joined in the pursuit of Bragg's army through Kentucky and 
Tennessee in October following, and in the early part of November was sta- 
tioned near Silver Springs, Tennessee, forming part of the army under General 
Rosecrans. 

On the 10th of November this regiment marched from Silver Springs, Ten- 
nessee, and formed part of the force that drove the enemy from Lebanon. 
Proceeding to Nashville, it was then engaged in guarding forage trains and on 
picket duty from the 25th of November to the 2Gth of December, when it 
marched with the army under General Rosecrans on Murfreesboro, and belonged 
to the 3d brigade, 1st division (Wood's), Thomas's corps. It was deployed as 
skirmishers, on the 2'Jth, in the advance, and suffered some loss. It partici- 
pated in the bloody engagements at Stone river on the 30th and 31st of Decem- 
ber, and 1st, 2d, and 3d of January, the regiment going into action with 224 
muskets, and losing out of this jiumber 25 killed or died of wounds, 62 wounded, 
including Captain Clement C. Webb mortally, and 8 missing. On the 3jst of 
December it recaptured, by a bayonet charge, two guns which had fallen into 
the hands of the enemy. 

The 13th formed a part of the 3d brigade, 1st division, left wing in command 
of Major General Thomas Crittenden. The brigade was commanded by Colo- 
nel Charles G. Harker, 65th Ohio, composed of the 51st Indiana, Culonel A. 
S. Straight; 73d Indiana, Colonel C. Hathaway; 64th Ohio, Colonel 1. Fergu- 
son; 65Lh Ohio, Lieutenant Colonel Young; together with the 6th Ohio bat- 
tery, Captum Cullcn S. Bradley. 

On the 26th of December, 1862, the army of the Cumberland, under Rose- 
crans, broke camp near Nashville, moving towards Murfreesboro. The advance 
guard of the division to which the 13th belonged commenced skiimishing with 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 336 

the enemy's outposts in the afternoon, resistinoj the arlvanee. That night the 
division encamped near Lavergne, and on the 27th commenced the march, the 
13ili in line of battle and being consfamly engaged with the enemy, but stead- 
ily advancing, pushing back his pickets, who were disputing every inch of 
ground with infantry and a battery which took advantage of every favorable 
position while falling back. This continued during the entire day. The reo'i- 
ment encamped at Stewart's creek during the night of the 27i,h, and remained 
in camp next day (Sunday). Ou Monday morning, the 29th, the march was 
resumed to Stone river, under a continuous lire. About sunset of that day 
the regiment crossed the river, being in advance and on the left of the brigade. 
On entering the river, the enemy, occupying the opposite bank, opened fire with 
infantry, ttirowing a perfect shower of bullets, but with little effect, and soon 
•commenced falling back, and the march forward was continued. After ad- 
vancing some distance the brigade was directed to lie down and await orders, 
and lay in this position until between 9 and 10 o'clock P. M., when the enemy 
opened fire, pouring in volley after volley, killing and wounding some of the 
13ih. About 11 o'clock that night the brigade recrossed the river and bivou- 
acked iu an open field, on rising ground near the river. On the 30th skir- 
mishing continued, the enemy again occupying tlie bank of the river from 
which they had been driven the night previous. The brigade did not change 
its position during that day. On the morning of the 31st it again crossed the 
river, on the right of the army. Heavy canonading and musketry had beea 
heard from early dawn, indicating that a desperate battle was being fought, 
and information had been passed along the line that it was resulting in disaeter 
to the right wing, which was being driven back in much confusion and with 
great loss. 

In the meantime Rosecrans had formed a new line of battle, with the center 
and left wing on which the right wing fell back. Soon the confederates con- 
centrated an attack ou the new line, and the fighting became of a most san- 
guinary character. 

The brigade was detached from Wood's division and ordered to the extreme 
right of the army, to meet and if possible repulse the enemy, who were mak- 
ing an advance which if successful threatened to be attended with most dis- 
astrous results. In executing this movement it was necessary to traverse nearly 
the entire field of b. ttlu. Notwithstanding the utter disorder and demor- 
alization prevailing in tliis portion of the army, the brigade steadily pursued 
the way through this mass of defeat and confusion and formed in line of battle 
iu the immediate front of the enemy and soon became hotly engaged ; the battery 
supporting the 13Lh opened a rapid fire, but was soon ordered to fall back iu 
constquence of the other regiments of the biigade passing to the rear, but soon 
again madu a stand, opening its guns on the enemy then advancing rapidly 
in force. The other regiments of the brigade having been driven back by a 
largely superior force, left the 13th Michigan alone with tlie batterv to contend 
against two brigades which had just defeated four of the other regiments, any 
one of which outnumbered the 13th. Colonel Marker, commanding the bri- 
gade, had fallen back with the retreating regiments, leaving Colonel Shoe- 
maker in sole command. The confederates advanced on a run, cheering and 
firing, the battery throwing case and canister into their ranks witli telling 

t effect, but was unable to check the advance, and after losing several men and 
eight horses, and fearing a cafjture of his battery. Colonel Bradley fell back 
with a loss of two guns, one of which he spiked before leaving. The 13th 



336 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

now alone confronted the enemy, who were then within musket range. Col- 
onel Shoemaker had determined not to retreat without fighting, knowing that 
his regiment could be depended upon when the enemy came within short 
range and where every shot would tell, he opened fire upon them with most 
deadly effect, every shot telling to advantage. The advance of the enemy 
being at once checked, they retreated and took shelter behind a fence, lining 
it thickly with a large force, delivering a continuous line of fire into the 13th. 
Their fire was returned with so great precision and effect that they were held 
for a short time, but their line overlapping, the fire of the regiment did not 
cover, consequently that portion of the enemy's line not covered continued the 
advance, threatening to turn Shoemaker's right flank, when he retired in good 
order through a cedar thicket and took a new position. While in the act of 
forming his regiment he was joined by Colonel Barker, who, on expressing a 
desire that the position should be held until he could seiad reenforcements, left 
for that purpose. The enemy in front seeming disposed to advance, Colonel 
Shoemaker determined on attacking, and at once ordered a charge with a view 
to regaining his lost ground. His officers and men seemed confident of suc- 
cess and went in with a yell; as they emerged from the thicket they poured a 
volley into the Confederate ranks, evidently taking them by surprise. Con- 
fused by the bold advance and stunned by a severe fire delivered almost in their 
very faces, they scattered and fled without resistance, many throwing down 
their arms and others hiding among the rocks or behind trees, firing scatter- 
ing shots. The 13th, taking advantage of this confusion, pursued and drove 
them some distance and into the woods beyond. In this affair the regiment 
recaptured the two pieces taken from Captain Bradley's buttery, and took 68 
prisoners. 

The fierceness of this combat, close proximity of the opposing forces, and 
the deadliness of fire is shown in the killed and wounded of the loth, which 
was over one-third of its entire strength, and this in a fire which did not 
exceed 30 minutes, the exact loss of the regiment being 35 per cent. 

In Captain Bradley's report, made after the battle, in mentioning his move- 
ments on the 31st he says: 

"I retired my battery and took a position five hundred yards in rear, and again opened 
upon tlie enemy witii case and canister, wiio were atl\'uiiciiig in force. After an engage- 
ment of five minutes I was compelled to retire my battery and abandon two pieces of 
artillery, one of which I had spiked (since removed), and sustaining a loss of one man 
killed, two wounded, and one missing; also, eight horses killed and three wounded. 
About this time Colonel yhoemaker charged the enemy with the 13th Michigan, driving 
them off the field and recovering the guns, and for which Colonel Shoemaker should 
receive full credit." 

Colonel Culver, then major of the regiment, says: 

" At the battle of Stone Eiver the 13th supported the 6th Ohio Independent Battery; 
and early on the morning of the memorable 31st of December, 1SIJ2, our brigade was 
detailed by verbal orders of General Roseci-ans and directed to go to the support of Gen- 
eral 11. W. Johnson, of McCook's corps, who was on the extreme right of the line, and 
was being forced back by overwhelming numbers of the enemy. The order was promptly 
executed, and while getting into position we were attacked by the advancing columns of 
the rebel General Hanson's division, which we stubbornly resisted for fifteen or twenty 
minutes, when three of the regiments of the brigade retired in disorder, leaving the 13th 
to protect tlie battery. Our position was in a cotton field, without protection. We fell 
back about 300 yards to the edge of a cedar thicket, formed on the left of the battery, and 
delivered such a destructive fire that an entire brigade of tke enemy were held in check 
for over thirty minules; but we were again compelled to retire, losing one-third of the 
entire regiment, ilfud or wounded, together with two guns from the battery. We re- 
formed again about 150 yards to the rear of the second position, and being opportunely 



MICHIG^ IN THE WAE. 337 

supported by the gallant Slst Illinois Infantry we made a dashing charge with the bayonet, 
broke and routed the rebel line, recaptured the two guns, took 150 prisoners, and defeated 
the purposes of the enemy on this part of the Held, namely, getting possession of the 
Murlreesboro pike. On this field the 13th lost Captain Clement C. Webb." 

Uuionei 81ioeiiuiker. lu liis report of the part takeu by his regiment in that 
great struggie, says : 

" .My report of the 5th having been made in great haste, was necessarily very brief, 
and for the better understanding: of the movements of this regiment during the several 
days of battle, commencing on the 2yth and ending on the 3d instant, submit the follow- 
uig: In the evening of the 29th, when ordered to cross the river, we were on the left, the 
61st Indiana in the center, and the 73d Indiana on the right. My regiment commenced 
crossing as soon as our skirmishers were fairly on the other side. The skirmishers were 
Company A, commanded by Lieutenant Vanarsdale, and Company F, commanded by 
Lieuienant James R. yiayton. They drove the enemy rapidly, the regiment following 
quite closely upon them. When in line in the corn-field, after receiving the third volley 
from the enemy, we were ordered to fix bayonets and prepai-e to receive a charge of 
cavalry. As my regiment was somewhat in advance of the 51st Indiana, and my right 
covering their left, I moved my regiment to the hjft and rear, so as to connect with the 
51si Indiana, but stiD leaving my left somewhat in advance, and in such a position as 
would have enabled us to enfilade any force wliich might charge the center. Our posi- 
tion was now a very strong one, being in the edge of the woods. Here we remained 
until ordered to recross the river. On the Slst, being in reserve, when our brigade was 
placed in position on the extreme right of the army, we occupied an open field in the rear 
of where the 64th and 65th Regiments of Ohio Volunteers and 73d Regiment of Indiana 
Vohinteers were engaged with the enemy. When the battery retiied we were ordered to 
fall back to the position we held when the enemy advanced upon us. When they opened 
fire upon us the other regiments of the brigade had passed by on our right to the rear, 
and we did not see tliem again until after the close of the engagement. My regiment 
was in line during the engagement, and deUvered their fire with such precision and 
rapitlity tliat the whole force of the enemy was brought to a stand at the fence in our 
front, and held there for at least twenty minutes, when their left, which extended con- 
siderably beyond our right, having advanced so as to make it apparent that they would 
so(.)n turn my right flank, I gave the order to retire, but again formed the regiment within 
twelve or fifteen rods of the first line, when the enemy broke and retreated precipitately 
when charged by me. 

" The Slst Indiana advanced only to within three rods of our first line, and then threw 
forward skirmishers. My regiment charged past the first fine and to the right, down to 
near the fence, and full thirty rods in advance of our first position, overtaking and driving 
the enemy from the place where the guns were recaptured, which was to the right and 
in front of our first line of battle, to the houses in our front, and into the cornfield on a 
line with the houses. The artillery ceased firing a short time before we opened upon the 
enemy, and fell back out of sight, with all but the guns captured. The enemy broke up 
the guns of the dead on the first line of battle while they occupied it. A lieutenant whom 
we captured informed me that our fire was very destructive, and that their loss in wounded 
must largely exceed ours. On the 1st instant my ree:iment was exposed to a scattering 
fire all day, but was not actually engaged. At night we were ordered to the extreme 
front to protect the 6th Ohio battery, and lay on our arms all night. On the 2d inst., 
while supporting our battery, my regiment was exposed to a terrible fire from the artillery 
of the enemy, the number of guns playing upon us at one time being, as stated by Captain 
Bradley, eighteen. Though necessarily inactive, my regiment steadily maintained its 
position for over an hour, when one of our batteries commenced playing upon us from the 
rear. I then withdrew nij' regiment a lew rods to the left to a less exposed situation. In 
the afternoon we crossed Stone river with our division, and remained there douig duty 
both Friday and Saturday night. On Sunday mornmg we recrossed the river and 
bivouacked near the hospitals." 

Colonel Marker, command iug the brigade iu wliich the 13th was serving, in 
his ix'port Says ol the regiment, ;it Stone river: 

"The 13th Micliig;in, from their {>osition, fired upon the enemy with telling effect, and 
having caused his laiiks to waver, followed up the advantage with a charge, supi)orled by 
the olst lUmoib, wiiKli bad eoine to our reliei. lliey completely routed the enemy. The 
13ih Michigan retook the two pieces of artillery abandoned by our battery, and captured 
56 prisoners. For tiiis act of gallantry Colonel Shoemaker and his gallant regiment are 
detierviug of much praise. " 

4:3 



338 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

Greeley, in "The American Conflict," says of the battle of Stone River: 

"Bradley's 6th Ohio battery at one time lost two of its guns, but they were subse- 
quently recaptured by the 13th Michigan." There was connected with the recapture of 
these guns an incident worth recording of JuUus Lillie, orderly sergeant of company E. 
Harlier's brigade, except the 13th Michigan, had been driven off the field with heavy loss; 
Bradley's 6th Ohio battery, attached to this brigade, retreated with a loss of two guns. 
The 13th Michigan, left alone, had nobly maintained their position until they had lost 
over one-third of their number and were about being surrounded. Colonel Shoemaker 
then ordered them to retire, but after moving them a few rods through quite a dense 
undergrowth, he re-formed them and ordered them to charge the advancing enemy, which 
they did, every man shouting and yelling lilce so many born devils. The rebels, ten times 
their number, not being able to see their strength for the intervening thicket, and sup- 
posing they had fallen into an ambuscade, broke and fled. The 13th pursued them entirely 
off the ground, over an open space into the woods fully half a mile from the place of the 
fright. The rebels fired as they retreated, but were so closely pursued they had no 
opportunity to form, and the 13th took over fifty prisoners besides recapturing the two 
guns belonging to Bradley's battery. As the regiment, every man on the full run, 
approached the guns, several men sprang forward to be the first to reach them, but Ser- 
geant Julius Lillie outstripped all competitors, and as he reached them slapped his hand 
on one of the guns. At that moment a shot from one of the retreating rebels struck him 
in the right side, and, probably from the position in which he was standing, passing 
along without cutting the inner coating of his intestines, came out about eight inches 
from its entrance, causing, of course, an ugly wound. This was on the afternoon of 
Wednesday, the 31st day of December, and although the regiment was under fire every 
hour of daylight from this time until Saturday night, and slept every night on their arms 
on the battlefield, yet Lillie refused to leave his command and go the hospital, but 
remained with his regiment during the whole period, and would only allow himself to be 
relieved from duty after the enemy had evacuated Murfreesboro and victory was assured 
to our forces." 

The Nashville (Tenn.) Union says: 

" The smoke and excitement of the late bloody but victorious battle at Stone Elver has 
passed away, and most of the regiments that distinguished themselves have received 
their meed of praise from the press, but there is one regiment which deserves more than 
a passing notice. We refer to the 13th Michigan Infantry, belonging to Colonel Harker's 
brigade, Wood's division. 

" Colonel Harker was ordered with his brigade from the left wing to support the right, 
and arrived in time to render efficient aid in checking the further progress of the rebel 
horde that had been so suddenly precipitated against McCook. 

"This brigade was at once brought into action, the 13th Michigan being one of the 
regiments held in reserve. The overwhelming force of the enemy brought against the 
advance line drove them steadily back, when two guns belonging to the 6th Ohio battery 
were captured by the enemy. But they did not hold them long, as the 13th, which occupied 
a little cedar grove, was speedily formed and rushed upon the enemy yelling like hyenas, 
charged them, drove Ihem from their position, retook the lost pieces of artillery and over 
one hundred prisoners. 

"In the gallant charge the regiment lost about one-third of their active members 
engaged, but drove back a force outnumbering them at least ten to one. 

"Great praise is justly due to this regiment for their unparalleled gallantry, both of 
officers and men, who are said to have fought like heroes during the day, and wlion night 
came and the roll was called, every man was 'accounted for.' They were either dead, 
woundt3d, or in llio ranks. There were no stragglers from tliat regiment. 

" The cijiuniundcr of that regiment. Colonel Shoemaker, is highly spoken of, not alone 
for bravery in leading his men to this gallant charge, but for the judgment and ability he 
displayed in the management of his men during the entire battle. 

" Truly, tlie State of Michigan has reason to be proud of the troops she has sent out to 
defend the guverinnent and the Union." 

Tlie ]3th Wiis |»i()niiiient among the brave regiments that breasted that fear- 
ful current of disaster on December 31st, wliich was sweeping away the Federal 
right. Its gallant services cannot be over-estimated. Fighting desperately, it 
aided much in turning the tide of affairs in favor of the Union army. When 
the roll of the regiment was called at the close of this sanguinary strife, none 
were missing except the dead and wounded. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 339 

The regiment had lost during the year 1862, fifty-one died in action or of 
•wounds, sixty-six by disease, and had met the enemy at the following points: 

Sliiloh, Tenu., April ?; Farmington, Miss., May 9; Owl Creek, Miss., May 
17; Corinth, Miss., May 27; siege of Corinth, Miss., May 10 to 31. Stevenson, 
Ala., August 31 ; Munt'ordsville, Ky., September 14; Perryville, Ky., October 
8; Danville, Ky., October 17; Guilutin, Tenn., December 5; Mill Creek, Tenn., 
December 15; Lavergne, Tenn., December 27; Stewart's creek, Tenn., Decem- 
ber 29; Stone river, Tenn., December 29, 31, and January 2, 3, 18(33. 

After the occupation of Murfreesboro the regiment was engaged in building 
fortifications at that place, and in scouting until the 24th of June, when in 
command of Colonel J. B. Culver, it advanced with the army on Tallahoma, 
being in the 1st brigade, 1st division, 20th corps, and after the evacuation of 
that place by the enemy under Bragg, followed in pursuit as far as Pclham, at 
the bai^e of the Cumberland mountains, whence it returned to Ilillsboro, Ten- 
nessee, and went into camp at that place. It left Hillsboro on the 16th of 
August, when the army advanced into Georgia. On the 20th the regiment, 
with its division, arrived in the valley of the Sequacheo, after a march of sixty 
miles over the Cumberland mountains. Two days had been occupied in reach- 
ing the summit of the mountains, wliich here rise to the height of 3,000feet, the 
roads being so steep and difficult that the guns, baggage, and ammunition 
trains had to be hauled up by liand. The division, having crossed the Tennes- 
■see at Shell Mound, moved on Chattanooga, and on the morning of the 8th of 
September tliat town was taken, the 13tli being among the first to enter the 
■city. It participated in the engagements of the i9th and 20th of September at 
■Chickamauga, where going into tiie action with 217 officers and men, it lost 
in killed 14, wounded 68 (of whom 11 died), and 25 missing — total loss 107. 
Among the killed were Captains Daniel B. Hosmer, Clark D. Fox, and Lieu- 
tenant Cliarles D. iiall. 

Colonel Culver in his report says: 

"On the afternoon of the 18th the regiment was ordered to deploy as skirmishers along 
the Chickamauga to the light of Lee and Gordon's Mills, where we were warmly engaged 
by the enemy s skirmishers who were su|)i)oited by a section of artillery. We held this 
position until about 12 M., when we were recalled to join our brigade and division that 
had been moved about one mile to the left of Lee and Gordon's Mills. We executed the 
movement on the dcjuble-quick, with the thermometer 90° above. The battle was raging 
furiously on our front and Hank; we foimed our lines under the enemy's lire, and were 
immediately ordered to charge the exultant rebels who were forcing back a part of the 
brigade. The cliargc was executed in a handsome manner, and checked their advance, 
but at a fearful sacrilice of life, and notwithstanding the enemy made beverai determined 
efforts to dislodge us, we held the position until night." 

During the month of October, 1863, the regiment was on duty in the trenches 
before Chattanooga. It had lost during the year 51 died m action or of wounds, 
66 died of disease, and had met the enemy at Eagleville, Tenn., January 20; 
Pelliam, Tenn, July 2; Lookout Valley, Tenn., September 7; Lookout Moun- 
tain, Tenn., September 10; Chickamauga, Tenn., Se[)tember 12, 18. and 19; 
Chaitanooga, Tenn., October 6; Mission Kidge, Tenn., November 26. 

On the oth of November, the regiment, witli the 21st and 22d Michigan 
Inl'aiitry, and the ISlIi Oliio Infimtry, was organized into a Brigade of Engi- 
neers, and assigned to duty at Chattanooga, being attached to tlie headquarters 
of the Depaitnient of the Cumberland. The regiment participated, on the 
22d, 24tli, and 25th, in the battle of Chattanooga (or Mission Kidge). During 
themonthsof December and January, 1864, it was stationed on the Chickamauga, 



340 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

engaged in picket duty and cutting logs for building warehouses at Chattanooga. 
Having reenlisted 173 on the 17th January, it became a veteran regiment, and 
received orders on the 5th of February to proceed to Michigan, and on the 12th 
arrived at Kalamazoo. Its members here received a furlough for thirty days, 
at the expiration of which the regiment again went into rendezvous, and on the 
26th took its departure for the field, having received, while in the State, over 
400 recruits. It arrived at Chattanooga on the 20th of April, and during the 
following months of May, June, July, August, and until the 25th of Septem- 
ber, it was stationed on Lookout Mountain, engaged in the construction of 
military hospitals. On the latter date the regiment was relieved from duty as 
engineers, and was assigned to the 2d brigade, 1st division, 14th corps, but 
before joining its brigade, participated in the pursuit of the rebels under For- 
rest and Kuddy, in North Alabama. Keturning to Chattanooga on the 17th of 
October, it remained there a few days, and thence proceeded to join its brigade, 
which it reached at Eome, Ga., on 1st of November, 1864, and on the 3d was 
at Tilton, when, in command of Major \V. G. Eaton, it received orders to pro- 
ceed to Rome, where it remained until the 7th, when it joined the army of Gen- 
eral Sherman at Kingston, and was assigned to 2d brigade, 1st division, 14th 
corps, and formed a part of the general army that "marched down to the sea." 
The regiment, with its brigade, reached Savannah on the 16th of December, and 
was on duty in the trenches before that city until the 21st, when the enemy 
evacuated the place. On January 17th, 1865, the regiment moved forward 
with the aiiny on the march through the Oarolinas, and was engaged at 
Catawba River, S. C, February 28th, and at Averysboro, N. C, March 16th, 
and again at Bentonville on the 19th, where it fought the enemy the entire 
day, sustaining a loss of one hundred and ten killed, wounded, and missing. 
Among the killed was its commanding officer. Colonel W. G. Eaton, who had 
been commissioned Colonel to rank from February 23d. 

After the death of Colonel Eaton Colonel Culver was recom missioned and 
assumed command of the regiment retaining it until its muster out. 

Pending the negotiations attending the surrender of Johnson's army the 
regiment was stationed on the Cape Fear river, twenty-six miles south of Riri- 
eigh, and on the 30th of April it started with the army homeward, reaching 
Richmond on the 7th of May, and Washington on the 19th, and on the 24th 
jjartieipated in the grand review of General Sherman's Army at the National 
Capital. The regiment remained in camp near Washington until the 9th of 
June, when, in command of Colonel Culver, it proceeded via Baltimore & Ohio 
Jiaihciad to Louisville, Ky,, arriving there on the 15th. It was mustered out 
of service on the 25th of July, and on the 27Lh arrived at Jackson, Michigan, 
wheie it was paid off and disbanded. 

The engagements of the 13th were at Shiloh, Tenn., April 7, 1862; Far- 
mington, Mi.-s., May 9, 1862; Owl Creek, Miss., May 17, 1862; Corinth, Miss., 
May 27, 1862; siege of Coiinih, Miss., May 10 to 31, 1862; Stevenson, Ala., 
August 31, 1862; Munfordsville, Ky., September 14, 1862; Perryville, Ky., 
October 8, 1862; Danville, Ky., October 17, 1862; Gallatin, Tenn., Decem- 
ber 5, ^862; Mill Creek, Tenn., December 15, 1862; Lavergue, Tenu., De- 
cember 27, 1862; Stewart's Creik, Tenn., December 29, 1862; Stone River, 
Tenn., December 29, 31, 1862, January 2, 3, 1863; Eagleville, Tenn., Jan- 
uary 20, 1863; Pelliam, Tenn., July 2, 1863; Lookout Valley, Tenn., Sep- 
tember 7, 1863; Lookout Mountain, Tenn., September 10, 1863; Chicka- 
mauga, Ga., September 12, 18, 19, 1863; Chattanooga, Tenn., October 6, 1863; 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 



341 



Mission Kidge, Tenn., November 26, 1863; Florence, Ala., October 8, 1864; 
Savannah, Ga., December 17, 18, 20, 21. 18G4; Catawba River, S. C, Feb- 
ruary 28, 1865; Averysboro, N. C, March IG, 1865; Bentonville, N. 0., March 
19, 1865. 

The regiment had borne on its rolls 2,084, and had lost 390, being made up 
as follows: Killed in action, 3 officers and 40 men; 1 oflicer aud 30 men died 
of wounds, aud 2 officers and 314 men of disease. 



' Oft may the tear the ^reen sod steep. 
And sacred be the heroes' sleep, 
Till time shall cease to run." 



FOURTEENTH REGIMENT INFANTRY. 



" We will rally for our country, 
And for human freedom, too; 
And bravely meet the traitors, 
'Neath the old Eed, White, and Blue." 

The 14th Regiment was organized and rendezvoused at Ypsilanti, under the- 
direction of Colonel Robert P. Sinclair, of Grand Rapids. 

The muster in of the regiment was accomplished ou the 13th of February, 
1863, having on its rolls 925 oflScers and men. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Robert P. Sinclair, Colonel, Grand Kapids. Eobert W. Davis, Lieutenant Colonel,. 
Pontiac. M. W. Quackenbush, Major, Owosso. Edward Batwell, Sui^re'on, Detroit. 
Frederick W. Sparling, Assistant Surgeon, Detroit. David B. Harbaugh, Adjutant, 
Detroit. William M. Ferry, Jr., Quartermaster, Grand Haven. Thomas B. Dooley, 
Chaplain, Corunna. 

A. Captain, Morgan L. Gage, East Saginaw. First Lieutenant, Joseph Schefnicker,. 
Saginaw. Second Lieutenant, John C. Lind, East Saginaw. 

B. Captain, Thomas 0. Fitzgibbon, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Patrick Walsh, Grand' 
Eapids. Second Lieutenant, Nicholas Devereaux, Marshall. 

C. Captain, James Mackey, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Arthur E. Magill, Grand- 
Bapids. Second Lieutenant, John Van Stan, Detroit. 

D. Captain, James J. Jeffries, Lansijig. First Lieutenant, Gillman J. McCIintock, 
Owosso. Second Lieutenant, Cyrus F. Jackson, Owosso. 

E. Captain, Alpheus M. Beebe, Lansing. First Lieutenant, C. C. Goodale, Owosso. 
Second Lieutenant, Daniel Wait, Owosso. 

F. Captain, Edward S. Nixon, Grand Rapids. First Lieutenant, Casper Ernst, Nunica. 
Second Lieutenant, Calvin C. Porter, Grand Rapids. 

G. Captain, John L. Donnelly, Monroe. First Lieutenant, John T. Donahugh, . 

Second Lieutenant, Charles R. Bush, Lansing. 

H. Captain. Richard Beahan, Ypsilanti. First Lieutenant, Thomas Higgins, Detroit^ 
Second Lieutenant, Campbell Montgomery, Detroit. 

I. Captain, Frank Powell, Pontiac. First Lieutenant, John P. Foster, Pontiac. Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, Alfred A. Paiker, Pontiac. 

K. Cai)tain. John Kelley, St. Jolins. First Lieutenant, Charles B. Rose, Westphalia. 
Second Lieutenant, Tobias J. Sherlock, Detroit. 

The ladies of Ypsilanti gave a flag to the regiment a short time before it 
left the State. On one side a figure of Justice, by its side an esigle holding in 
its beak an American flag, the folds of which were gracefully tlirown around 
the figure. On a scroll is written in gold letters, " We cauie not to war on 
opinions, but to suppress treason." 

The affair occurred at a review of the regiment by Governor Blair and staff. 
Professor J. M. B. Sill, on behalf of the ladies, in a characteristic speech, 
delivered the flag, to which Colouel Robert P. Sinclair made au appropriate 



MICHIGAN IN THE AVAE. 843 

re))ly. In 1864 it was returned to the ladies by a coniuiittee of officers 
selected by the regiment for that purpose. 

The I4th, in command of Colonel Sinclair, moved from Ypsilanti on the 
17lh of April following, having been detained in the State on account of delay 
by the U. S. in payment of the regiment. 

It was ordered to the Western Aimy, and took up its line of march via St. 
Louis, joining the army at Pittsburg Landing soon after the engagement at 
that point. 

It was in General Pope's army in the advance on Corinth, Sliss., and during 
part of April and the entire month of Alay participated in the siege of that 
place, and on May 9th was engaged wiih the enemy at Faruiington. 

Camp Farmington, Miss., | 
May IIUi, 1862. \ 
Colonel R. P. Sinclair: 

I deem it no breach of military etiquette or discipline, that I cnll to your notice a brave 
and gallant officer of your comiDJinci. My excuse therefore is, that having lought on the 
9th of May detached from his comujand, with the eye of no superior officer of your com- 
mand upon him to give him credit due his courage and ability. I refer to captain Thomas 
C. Fitzgibbon, Company B, Hth Michigan Infautiy. Near the close of the fight on the 
9th inst., in an hour of severe trial, he fought his way to our lines and reported to me for 
orders. He had his company perfectly under control, cool and in good order, showing 
them brave men relying with confidence on a brave officer. Approachuig us he said he 
" wished to Jig ht as long a.s any man fought," asking to be assigned to position. His 
courage and self-control in that trj ii.g s-ci ne I refer to was splendidand won my heart. 

Yery respectfully, 

JOHN MASON LOOMIS, 
Col. commanding '26ih Ills. Injantry. 

Camp near Farmington, Miss., | 
May JtJlh, 2862. ] 
Colonel Loomis, of the 26th Illinois regiment, having reported to me the gallant con- 
duct of Captain Tin. mas <J. I'iLzgibbon in the battle of the iith instant and deeming it my 
duty to reward courage and bravery on the battle-field, it is ordered tliat the subjoined 
letter be published to the regiment as a tribute to the bravery, courage, and ability of 
Captain Fitzgibbon, company B, and placed upon the records. 

KOBEKT P. SINCLAIK, 
Col. covununding 24th Mich. Inf. 

After the evacuation of Corinth the regiment moved with Buell's army along 
the JMcmphis & Charleston railroad. It was afterwards stationed at Tuscum- 
bia, Ala., and on the 1st of September joined in the famous race of Bueli 
and Bragg for Louisville, Ky. The regiment was however halted at Nashville 
to aid in liolding that important point. 

In October it was assigned to the 1st brigade, 2d division (Jell C. Davis's), 
14th corps, in which it served during the entire war. 

On the 1st of November following it participated in an engagement with 
the enemy at Lavergne, capturing a fort, routing the 3<d Alabama Infantry, 
and taking a hundred juisoneis. During the same month Aashville was 
threatened and the regiment was ordered outside the town where it had a 
severe but succeStful engagement with infantry and cavalry, and on December 
8tli met the enemy at Brentwood, having a severe engagement. 

The regiment, then commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Quackenbush, Col- 
onel Sinclair and Lieutenant Colonel Davis both having resigned on account of 
ill-health, was stationed at Stone Kiver, Tenn., in November and part of 
December. On January, 3, ISbiJ, it pai ticipated in the battle at that place, 
having marched through mud and in ruin from Nashville, '60 miles, the night 
previous. 



344 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

It was stationed at Franklin, Tennessee, from the 8th to the 14th of March, 
1863, commanded by Colonel Henry R. Misner, Captain U. S. Army, who had 
been commissioned as Colonel, having relieved the cavalry force there. With its 
division it moved to Brentwood on the 8th of April, and held the line between 
Nashville and Franklin. Returning to its old camp at Nashville on tKe 3d of 
July, it was ordered to relieve the foice at Franklin. 

On the 27th of that month Company C of the regiment, in command of 
Captain James Mackey, with some other troops, being in pursuit of the notori- 
ous guerrilla band under Dick McCann, surprised and captured him, together 
with a portion of his force, at Weam's Springs. . 

From the Nashville Union: 

" On Tuesday night last, pursuant to orders from Colonel Mizner, a company of mounted 
infantry of the 14th Michigan, under command of Captain James E. Mackey, met an equal 
force of cavalry belonging to the 1st Missouri regiment, under command of Captain Cliff- 
ord, at Hillsboro, and proceeded together to Weam's sulphur springs, thivty-five miles 
from this post. Information communicated to Colonel Mizner, and by him sent to head- 
quarters at NashviUe, left Uttle doubt as to the certainty of McCann's whereabouts. 
Captain Mackey's mounted infantry were in the advance, and at early morn on Wednes- 
day traihng the guerrillas. Arriving at Weam's residence, a plan of attack was arranged, 
when it was determined that a dash should be made upon the premises and ' Spring 
House,' a ball-room close by. McCann's men were laying siege to a hearty breakfast; 
their horses were in the stables; they themselves were unconscious of the presence of an 
enemy, when the mounted infantry and cavalry approached. The advance guard dashed 
fiercely up the hill, shouting frantically, and received the first fire fi-om four of Dick's men, 
who were on the lookout in the road m front of the house. The Federals returned the 
fire, wounding the whole four, and eriving chase to the remainder, who in their efforts to 
reach the stable, were now cut off by Captain Clifford's force, which had then come up. 
McCann himself, seeing his moment of preparation for a fight had passed, resolved to 
escape, and ordered his men to ' scatter through the woods,' when a soldier of Mackey's 
command, Sam Dunning, ordered him to halt and surrender, which he did reluctantly, 
remarking to Martin W. Gulp, the cavalryman to whom Dunning had given him in chaige, 
'I could have shot you if I had thought fit, but I would be committing murder.' Fifteen 
of his men, among whom was a brother of his, were captured also, the remainder escaping 
through the dense forest. On approaching Captain Mackey, McCann endeavored 
to conceal his rank — a star on his left breast — and on being asked who he was, gave his 
name as Johnson. The captain saw immediately that in his prisoner he recognized the 
oft-described features of Dick McCann, and said : ' You can come no games on me ; you 
are Dick McCann.' He replied, ' Yes sir; I am Major J. E. McCann, and I am your pris- 
oner.' He and his men were lodged in jail in this town on Wednesday night, and were 
sent under guard to Nashville Thursday afternoon. " 

On the 6th of September the regiment was ordered to be ijiounted, and eight 
companies were sent to Columbia, provided with Spencer rifles, revolvers, and 
a complete outfit of cavalry equipments, together with a section of light 
artillery. Alter being mounted, and up to November, this regimetit captured 
12 rebel officers, 285 enlisted men, and 85 guerrillas — among the latter some 
of the most notorious in that section. 

During 1863, and up to November, besides Stone river, it met the enemy at 
Weam's Springs, Tennessee, July 27th, and at Lawrenceburg on the 4th of 
November, and had lost three died in action or of wounds, forty-four of dis- 
ease, while ten had been reported as missing in action. 

Of the affair at Lawrenceburg a dispatch dated Nashville, November 4th, 
says: 

" Major Fltzgibbon of the 14th Michigan Cavahy (mounted Infantry) with 120 men, 
met at Lawrenceburg, thirty-five miles beyond Columbia, the combined forces of Cook, 
Kirk, Williams, and Scott's rebel cavalry, numbering 400 men, yesterday. After four des- 
perate charges, resulting in a loss to the rebels of eight killed, seven wounded, and twen- 
ty-four prisoners, they retreated. None killed on the Federal side, and but three 
wounded. Major Fitzgibbon had ahorse killed under him. Among the rebel prisoners 
are one Captain and two Lieutenants." 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 346 

Another report says a forage train of General Bragg was captured, together 
with the guard, and sent to camp. 

On tlie Ist of November, J863, the regiment was employed in garrison for 
the posts at Franklin and Columbia, Tenu., and in guarding the railway be- 
tween those towns. It constructed, during this and the following month, at 
Colunibia, fortifications and a pontoon and railway brid^^e. A large number 
of rebel oflBcers and soldiers were captured by the regiment, and the country 
for miles around was freed from lawless bands of guerrillas which had infested 
it. Numbers of the inhabitants were induced to take the oath of allegiance. 
Union meetings were hold, and a loyal press inaugurated, while the rtgimeut 
was stationed at Fraukliu aud Columbia. 

Headquarters U. S. Forces, } 
GenebaIi Orders, ) Nashville, Tenn., Nov. 8, 2863. ) 

No. 38. S 

The General commanding compliments the ofBcers and men of the 14th Begiment of 
Michigan Volunteers. 

The lute brilliant scouts through Lawrence, Giles, and Maury have done credit to our 
arms, and taught the people of that section that our flag is carried by men who mean that 
it shall be respected. 

The General commanding feels assured that every portion of this command will emulate 
the energy, zeal, aud gallantry of this regiment. 

By order of 
B. S. GEANGEB, Brigadier General. 
W. Nevin, Captain and Asst. Adj't General. 

On the 4th of January, 1864, the 14th became a veteran regiment, 414 
having reenlisted, and on the 21st of February, companies C, F, 0, I, 
and K, started for Michigan, where they received the usual veteran fur- 
lough, at the expiration of which they again proceeded to the front, and 
relieved the remaining companies of the regiment, who started for Michigan 
on the <Jlst of March. On their arrival in the State they were also fu ploughed 
for thirty days, and then returning, reached Nashville on the 16th of May. 

At Columbia, on the eve of the 14th returning to the State on their veteran 
furlough, the citizens held a public meeting, at which complimentary resolu- 
tions were passed thanking Colonel Mizner and his officers aud soldiers for 
their valuable services in that section of the State, and also for their uuiform 
good conduct and courtesy to the citizens while stationed there. 

Much dissatisfaction prevailed in the regiment after its return to the field 
from "veteran furlough," owing to the fact that it had been equipped and 
serving as "urounted infantry" for some time prior to its rcenlistment, and 
that it should continue as a mounted force was held out as an inducenient to 
veteranize and which was considered as a condition of rcenlistment, as appears 
from the following correspondence with General Thomas, but which on return- 
ing to the field was totally ignored. But notwithstanding this breach of con- 
tract the regimeut served faithfully and gallantly until the close of tlie war. 

Camp Fourteenth Michigan Infantry, 
Hear Chattahoochee River, Ga., 
June 20lh, lbG4. 

Generaij, — At the solicitation of the ofHcers and men of my command, I hav(> the 
honor respectfully to submit the following facts: The 14th Michigan Infantry was 
detached from its brigade and ordered to Franklin, Tenn., then an outpost, in July, 18(53. 
Having no cavalry at my disposal, and the character of my duties requiring continual 
scouting throughout the surroundinj; country, I was ordered by Major General Gordon 
Granger to mount my regiment from the enemy's country, which I did completely, cap- 

44 



346 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 

turing some seven hundred horses, supplying my ambulances with horses without draw- 
ing one from the Government. I likewise secured many of the mules for my train, 
besides sending a large number of horses and mules to the quartermasters at Nashville. 
I was furnished by Genei'al Granger with complete cavalry equipments and revolvers, 
and in part with Spencer rifles. On the 5th of September following I was furnished with 
a section of artillery and ordered to extend my command to Columbia, twenty-thrSe miles 
farther south, on the Alabama railway, there being none but Confederate troops between 
Columbia and Tennessee river. I improvised a battery organization from my regiment, 
supplied it with horses from the country, threw up an earthwork on an eminence in the 
skirt of the town, and with my regiment of five hundred men, and eighty detached men 
of other regiments manning the guns at Forts Granger and FrankUn, held secure both 
posts and the line between until March last, supplying all troops passing through Col- 
umbia, gathering every pound of beef and forage from the country, constructing the pon- 
toon and railway bridge near Columbia, scouring the country forty miles distant, ridding 
it of guerrillas who had threatened the destruction of the important railway bridges under 
my jurisdiction, and capturing two Confederate colonels, three Ueutenant colonels, three 
majors, seven captains, seventeen heutenants, three hundred soldiers, seven conscript 
officers, one hundred guerrillas, and causing more than five hundred citizens to take the 
oath of allegiance, with securities amounting in the aggregate to more than fifteen million 
dollais, rebulting in enthusiastic Union meetings at both posts, the restoring of municipal 
law, and the estabhshmeut of a loyal press by the citizens. My duties during this period 
were certainly anything but "fancy" or "sinecure." On the 4th of January last I pre- 
sented to my command the subject of reenlistment as " veterans" in all its details, and 
met with a general favorable response, provided the regiment remained mounted, but a 
positive universal refusal if they were to be dismounted. I could only say in reply that I 
woulii endeavor to keep them mounted. At this time not a man had been sworn, or had 
signed an enlistment paper. My regiment had been repeatedly complimented in general 
orders fur its discipline, efficiency, and braveiy, and I knew its course had been highly 
satisfactory to Major General Thomas. I therefore telegraphed to headquarters Depart- 
ment of the Cumberland, asking whether my regiment was to be dismounted, that I 
miglit act advisedly, and not mislead recruits. It had been ordered that my regiment 
should be fuiioughed by detachment, from the fact that I could not be reheved, and hold- 
ing ten posts but half my regiment could be spared at a time. I received the following 
reply : 

Chattanooga, January 10th, 1864. 
To Colonel H. R. Mizner: 

You will be pennitted to accompany first detachment of your regiment to Michigan, leaving 
couiuiaiiii at post as you pioposeil. It is not intended to dismount your regiment. 

W. D. WHIPPLE, v4. ^. G. 

I immediately communicated this telegram to my officers and men, who appeared per- 
fectly satisfied; and during the month of February four-lifths of those eligible were mus- 
teied into service as veterans, some of the enlistment papers, however, bearing date 
January 4th for uniformity, and in ratification of expressions on that da^^ On the 21st 
of February I prcjceeded to Michigan with half my regiment, put out my posters for 
niouiiled infantry, and obtained all my recruits for mounted service, securing a number of 
mi'ii wlio liad already intended joining cavalry regiments. During March, and while in 
Michigan, tlie order of Lieutenant General Grant was promulgated dismounting mounted 
infantry, tliough some exceptions were made by him. I had no opportunity of con- 
ferring witii General Grant before he went to Virginia, and Major General Thomas, 
r<!gaiiliiig the order as imperative, could not help me, though it was his desire to do so is 
sliown by the following, addressed to Major Fitzgibbon, in command during my absence: 

Chullunooga, March 14th, 1864. 
To Major T. C. Fitzgibbon, 14lh Michigan Infantry: 

If Ueiieral Grant will send official notice to these headquarters that an exception may be made 
rcKurdiiig his orders, your regiment will be left in the sadd le. 

WM. U. WniPPl.E, Brig. Gen. and Cfiiefo/Stnjff-. 

My Higiinont is now on foot. A number have deserted, and an intense dissatisfaction 
is (iaily manifest. Some of the men, not mustered for various causes, now refuse to be 
niuhUirtid. My men decline receiving any further installment of bounty, and desire to 
return the installment already received. They claim tliat they have been deceived into 
till* service, and asked to be remounted or released from their enUstment. 

The lUh Michigan Infantry was an independent organization under the authority of the 
War Department, and the original enlistment of most of the men expire during Septem- 
ber, October, November, and December next. 

Very respectfully your obedient servant, 

Brig. Gen. L. Thomas. " HENRY R. MIZNER, 

Adjutant General U. S. A., Washington, D. C. Col. 14th Mich. Inf'lry. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 3-17 

On the 21st of May the regiment failing in being remounted was ordered to 
proceed to Bridgeport, and thence moved by forced marciies to Dulhis, Ga., 
wlieie, joining the army under General Sherman, on the Mh of June, the reg- 
iment participated in all the active movements of the camj)aign until the fall 
of Atlanta. It was engaged at Kenesaw mountain on the loih of June, and 
on the 5th and 6th of July it charged and drove the rebels from tlieir rille pits 
at tiie Chattaiioochee river, capturing a number of prisoners. Its casualties in 
the latter engagement were nine killed and '6b wounded. On the 7th of August 
the regiment assisted in taking two lines of rebel works, and driving the enemy 
fiom the tield, killing and wounding a number, and taking d'i prisoners, suf- 
feruig a loss of 8 killed and 27 wounded. lu this atfair Lieutenant Joseph 
Kiik was mortally wounded and died next day. 

Fiom a correspondent covering operations of the regiment in front of 
Atlanta: 

" Five companies — C, under Lieutenant Finn; E, Captain Ernst; F, Captain Nixon; G, 
Lieutenant Witherspoon; H, Captain Higgins— were sent on the skiimish line under Major 
1 iizgibbon. The night was intensely dark and rainy, requiring the men to be very vigi- 
lant ugauist the night attack and "surprises' which ' figlitina: Hood' endeavors to t.ike 
prolitable advautiige of. As was anticipated, the attack or feint was made at midnight, 
and to thwart its designs the Major ordered that not a suigle shot be returned, thus leav- 
ing the enemy ignorant of our whereabouts, dreading which and not knowing our strength, 
tliey abandoned their purpose on our front, but by their siioutmg and firing succeeded in 
stampeding a Tennessee (Federal) regiment, that connected on our right, thuhex|)osiiig our 
\stiole iHie and army. The Major promptly remedied the flfigrant and cowardly act by 
thiowmg out Captains Nixon's and Ernst's companies as flankers, andsendmg word back to 
tlie commander of the Tennesseeans that if he opened fire on his men he would turn and 

annihilate every . He informed Colonel Mizner of the situation. The Colonel sent 

lam companies K and B, under Captain Harbaugli and Lieutenant Davis, which were held 
in reserve. Light skirmishing was maintained throughout the day (following), when an 
oi der from the General commanding came, directmg that the skirmish line should advance 
and push the enemy. Immediately with the order came Colonel Mizner with tlie remain- 
ii.g companies, and pickmg up the reserves came on the skirmish line, directed the Major 
Wuattodo, and telhng him he would support him. The live skirmish companies were 
then deployed, Witherspoon on the left and Ernst on the right, and while the advancing 
line waa breathlesbly awaiting the word forward, the melancholy sight was seen of giving 
away long treasured rehcs of friends and loved ones at home, watches, ruigs, likenesses, 
and other valuables, to those detailed to guard camp. The command 'forward' given, 
the wliole Une moved cautiously, stefllthily toward the rebel hne (the men stooping as 
does an experienced hunter when stealing on his game), from which was poured a chop- 
ping lire. 'Charge! double quick!' gave us possession of the works,"five men of the 6th 
Florida, and the bleeding carcass of their commander's horse. Perfecting his alignments 
and swinging his right, our commander, finding his left hotly pressed, sent a messenger 
to Lieutenant Witherspoon to ask if he needed help or could hold his line, when that gal- 
lant and impetuous young officer responded in a manner not consonant with the teachings 
ol those who scrupulously adhere to the ' thirty-nine articles,' ' Tell the Major,' said tlie 
Lieutenant, ' that I can hold my ground against the fires of hell or Hood.' The Colonel 
was now at our heels with his reserves well in hand, and taking a view of the second line 
ot the enemy asked the Major if he thought he could take them. ' If you order me, 
Colonel, I will try,' was the thoughtful answer. Forward again we go, and receive the 
full (ire of the GOth Georgia, as also that of three pieces of artillery. The struggle for 
the teoond was more obstinate and determined tiian the first rebel line, but alter a des- 
perutL- encounter of twenty minutes. Captain Higgins fiercely assaulted and penetrated 
their center and was quickly followed by Finn and Witherspoon on the right and left, who 
not only crumbled their flanks but killed and captured thirty-seven of the enemy, among 
the killed and wounded two oilicers, one of whom, a Lieutenant Ross, was one of the 
hiindsoinest-looking young men I ever beheld. Nature, it wouUi seem, had cast him in a 
I'tuid of model manly beauty, and passing over his bleeding body I could but mourn the 
dire necessity that compeUed our murderous meeting. In his breast-pocket he cariied 
the likeness of a graceful-looking, handsome girl, to whom he said he wiis engaged 
to 1)6 married. Hf gave her likeness, his letters, and money to Adjutant Foote, who wus 
duected by the Major to see the noble youth carefully sent to the rear. The rebel cap- 
taiu died instautly, being shot through the eye by uae of company C. 



348 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

" The major, perceiving that the enemy were panic stricken, determined to talie advan- 
tage of their fear, and pushed them closely to third line. Finding that our Teiinesseeans had 
broken on liis right (we were on the right flank of the army, and our object was to turn 
the rebel left flank and wheel to the rear of Atlanta) he informed the colonel, who moved 
on his right to protect him. Our lines were again reformed in a ravine that rau parallel 
with the rebel line in our front, and all being ready, forward we go again. Our entire 
brigade was now in our rear to follow up and entrench, and hold what ground we could 
take. Advancing upon the crest of the hill, the enemy opened upon us with canister and 
shell. 'J'he fight was fierce, terrible, and obstinate, when the Ohio regiments on our left 
were broken, and fled a short distance to the rear, exposing our flank to a galling fire. 
The major begged, prayed, expostulated, cursed the Ohioans to hold their ground, but in 
vain. Their ofliuers bravely struggled against the surging tide; when the colonel, seeing 
the major's condition, sent him two more companies, K and F, who steadied his waveiing 
left, and gave him time to reform. Company G, being on the left, was enveloped 
and swept back by the Ohioans. Witherspoon, infuriated at this unfortunate mishap, 
flung himself against the rebel charging Ime, which had taken advantage of the ' break,' 
and a hand to hand encounter followed. Corporal Pat Sands, who, it will be remembered, 
was outlawed for breaking a man's nose while on veteran furlough in Detroit, singled out 
his man, and both raising their pieces, fired, and though within ten feet of each other, 
missed their mark. 

"Pat then resorted to the weapon that ' never missed fire,' planted a fierce blow of his 
' bunch of fives ' on the rebel's smeller, felled him to the earth, and made him prisoner. 
Higgins and Witherspoon were out of ammunition, and fixing bayonets, nobly held their 
ground until they were relieved by Companies D and B, Captain Meyers and Lieutenant 
Davis commanding. In this struggle we captured over fifty of the rebels, and drove the 
rebel gunners from their battery. One company (A, Captain Donahue) only remauied to 
the Major as a support, and now the whole line advanced again in as fine order as if on 
dress parade. Captain Meyers, with eight of his men, had reached the enemy's works, 
and unable to retire to the main line, begged to be rescued. Now came the fiercest strug- 
gle of all. The Colonel threw himself on the right center of his regiment; the Major still 
clung to the terrible left, and 'Forward — charge! ' rang out in a voice that was heard above 
the crash of musketry. 

"The whole brigade, drawn up in battle line in our rear, watched us with that painful, 
choking suspense which is only known to those who, with the longing of the hungering 
and thirsting watch for food and drink, hope for the success of their struggling comrades. 
The rebels raise their usual fiendish cry, and are met with a wild, defiant shout. Lieuten- 
ant Giflord gallantly presses them on the center with his platoon of Captain Harbaugh's 
company, and Captain Donahue, coming up at a moment when the scale was balancing, 
rescues Meyers, while Companies B and 0, under Davis and Finn, keep the dread artil- 
lery silent and in their possession. Two rebel columns now move toward us, and seeing 
the hopelessness of a struggle against such odds, the Colonel orders us to face to the rear 
and reverse, and hold the rebel works over which we had just passed. The huzzas of 
our brigade, and 'bravo, Michigan!' now greet us, and sending our dead and wounded 
to the rear, calmly and coolly await the attack, supplying our men with the ammunition of 
the prisoners. We had scarcely got matters righted when on they came, cheering, shout- 
ing, and shooting. But our tearing ' fire! fire!' drove them back, leaving us more of their 
killed and wounded to care for and bury. Night now snt in, and proudly and gladly did 
we surrender our ground to Colonel Chill, of the 16th Illinois. All our superior oifieers 
are uniting in their praises of the 14th Michigan, and we feel that we have fairly won their 
praise and confidence. " 

Participating in the flank movement around Atlanta, the regiment, in com- 
mand of Uolonel Mizner, on tlie Ist of September, charged and carried a line 
of rebel works at Jonesboro, capturing four pieces of artillery and caissons, a 
rebel general and staff, the colors of the 1st Arkansas (rebel), and 300 men. 
Tlie lots of the 14th was two killed iind twenty-eight wounded. On the *^8th 
of iSuitiember the regiment moved to Florence, Alabama, to check the advance 
of the rebel cavalry under Forrest, but did not become engaged. On the 31st 
of October it was resting at Kome, Georgia, and had lost during the year, four- 
teen died in action or of wounds, and twenty-one of disease. 

Following are extracts from the official report of Colonel Mizner of the part 
taken by hid regiment at Jonesboro: 

" Moving steadily forward with fixed bayonets at 'right shoulder shift,' first at quick 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 349 

time, then at double quick, my men without pause or hesitation leaped open the rebel 
works, not having up to thai moment tired a shot or raised a shout. Upon gaining the 
woilis which were filled with the enemy, our colors gallantly planted by Sergeant Steiner, 
they opened upon them a most deadly fire, upon which Briiradier General Govan surren- 
dered his command and sword to 1st Sergeant Patrick Irwin, who was first inside the 
works. It was impossible to stay the fire of my men, who swept through the entire line 
of works, until finding myself unsupported on the left, I halted, Brigadier General Govan, 
several other ollicers, and a large number of men having been passed to the rear. 

"It is due to my oflieers and men to say that they were the first in, and swept 
through the works, capturing eight pieces of artillery with caissons well supplied with 
fixed ammunition, shooting and bayoneting the artillerists at their guns in the act of firing, 
the ground being literally strewn with small arms. 

"This statement I am prepared to substantiate, having passed all the other regiments 
upon my right and left, upon the double quick, the troops upon my right and left entering 
the works after my men were in full possrssion of every piece of nrtillery, one gun being 
turned upon the enemy by Lieutenant Gift'ord of my regiment. My entire command be- 
haved so gallantly, it would be almost invidious to particularize. Yet I have to mention 
the capture of the colors of the 1st Arkansas by Lieutenant Witherspoon and Sergeant 
Smith of Company A. The colors were in possession of their color bearer and three others, 
when Lieutenant "Witherspoon dashed upon them and demanded their surrender. Ser- 
geant i^mith advanced to his support, killing one in the act of firing upon Lieutenant 
Witherspoon, and capturing the remaining three. There were indeed many acts of indi- 
vidual gallantry upon the part of the officers and men. 

"My advantage was derived from advancing rapidly, without firing or shouting, and 
reaching the works almost unobserved. My men continued firing until night closed upon 
us, supplying themselves with rebel ammunition, threw up works and established pickets 
in conjunction with regiments upon my right and left, and replenished this morning, so 
that I left the ground with the standard allf)wance, not having to draw a cartridge from 
the ordnance officer. The dash of my command Wiis so impetuous, and their fire so 
destructive that my casualties are but two men killed, three officers and twenty -five men 
wounded." 

" Memoranda of Colonel Mizner. Captured colors marked as follows: 

" 'In ihe center, " Isi Arkansas Regiment." Battle marks, !Manassas, Evansport, Shiloh, Farm- 
instoii, Tiisciunbia Creek, Bridge Creek, Perryviile, Kicbnionil, Ky., Alurlreesboro, Ctiickaniauga, 
Tunnel Hill, Liberty Gup, Ringgold Gap.*" 

'• The statement of General Govan, of Cleburn's division, and his officers, at the head- 
quarters of Major General Davis, was as follows: 

" ' This is the lirst time our lines were ever broken. The 14th Michigan broke our lines and were 
the lirst troops to enter our works. We did not know they were coming until they were right 
tijjon us, and when they entered there were no other troops within seventy-live to one hundred 
yards of our works. Our lines being broken and flanked, we suriendered.' " 

On November 1st, 18G4, the 14th, in command of Lieutenat Colonel Griim- 
mond, and still in the 1st brigade, 2d division, 14th corps, broke camp at 
Rome, and commenced the grand march with Sherman to bavannah via 
Kingston, Atlanta, and tiience through Milledgeviile, destroying many miles 
of railroad ; reaching Savannah on the IGlh, it lay in front of that city until 
the 21st, when the enemy evacuated the place. At that point the regiment 
remained until January 2Uth following, when it moved forward with the army 
on the march through the Carolinas, reaching Sister's Ferry on the 28th, 
where it remained ten days, assisting in repairing the roads on the opposite 
side of the Savannah river, whicli had become impassable, liaving crossed the 
river on the evening of February 6th, tlie march through South Carolina was 
commenced on the 8th. Moving on what is called the Augusta road, tlie regi- 
ment {)roceeded onward, crossed the Salkehatchie, South and North Edisco, 
Broad, Catawba, and Big Pedee rivers, arriving at Fayetteville, N. C, March 
10th, having lost ou the march, up to this time, twenty-two men, cap- 
tured wiiile foraging. Reaching Cape Fear river, it was cro.-sed on the 12th, 
the enemy's rear guard picketing along a small stream, about one mile distant, 
over which there was a lugh bridge, the plank of which had been removed by 
the enemy. Ou approaching that point, it was found to be held on the oppo- 



I 



350 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

site side by two regiments of cavalry. The 14tli Michig.m was ordererl to pn^h 
forward aud drive tlie enemy from his position, and establish the line one mile 
in advance. The night being very dark, the men were obliged to cross in 
single file on the timbers. Tliey pushed across very rapidly, howej/er, and 
engaged the enemy, driving him over t\vo miles, capturing his camp and a 
large quantity of forage, killing one and taking two prisoners. The rei^iment 
established its line and remained there until the 14.th, when it was relieved by 
the advance of the 1st division. On the morning of the 15th the maich w^s 
resumed. Skirmishing with the enemy was kept up the entire day and until 
10 o'clock next morning, when he made a decided stand near Aver^sboro, and 
a severe battle ensued. The 1st brigade, 2d division, of which the 14th Michi- 
gan formed a part, was ordered immediately to the front, and placed on the 
extreme left of the line, having to cross a deep and wide ravine in getting into 
position. The brigade was formed in two lines, the 17th New York and 14th 
Michigan composing the first line, and the 10th Michigan and 60th Illinois the 
second. The first, advancing under a severe fire, gallantly curried tiie first 
line of the enemy's works, taking a number of prisoners, but the enemy 
becoming heavily reinforced, and after repeated attempts to carry the position, 
strongly supported by the second line, the men behaving exceedingly well, it 
was found impossible to dislodge him; the brigade held its position until 
next morning, when the enemy abandoned his works^ the regiment losing in 
the engagement 23 killed and wounded, including two officers wounded. 
Resuming the march again early on the following morning, skiimishing heavily 
with the enen)y's rear until the 19th, when he made a most determined stand 
near Beutonville, behind a large swamp, with strong works thrown up in his front. 
The brigade, in which was the 14th Michigan, was placed in posit'ion on the 
extreme right, and succeeded in throwing up temporary works. About noon, 
the regiment being on the right of the brigade, the enemy, keeping up a severe 
and continuous fire on the left, soon commenced on the right, evidently feeling 
for a weak point, and in a few minutes, after moving in heavy masses in 
double quick, the regiments on the skirmish line, on his advance, falling back 
and passujg to the rear. He made five desperate charges on the works. 

" While on the few defenders close 
The rebels with redoubled blows, 
And twice driven back, yei iierce and fell 
Kenew the charge with frantic yell." 

"When he made his last charge, the men of the 14th Michigan were kept 
under cover until the enemy ap])roached within thirty yards, wbun it [iroinpily 
jDoured into his massed ranks a most terrific and destructive fire, which was 
continued for about twelve minutes, and before lie could recover from its effects 
the regiment jumped over its works and charged him, taking as prit^oneis, 
unhurt, one general officer, thirty-two officers of all grades, from Colonel down, 
and two hundred men, together with thirty-eight wounded, and next morning 
burying in the field seventy-two. In the charge the regiment Captured the 
colors of the 40th North Carolina, and six hundred stand of arms, the flag 
being taken by Private Geo. W. Clute, of I company, from a rebel lieutenant. 
After the prisoners had been sent to the rear the line was rectified with the 
intention of })U8hing forwartl and capturing the enemy's works. But at that 
time firing was heard directly in the rear, accompanied by that yell jieculiar to 
the rebelb, and at that moment a courier gave information that the enemy was 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 351 

in the rear. The command was instantly faced by the rear rank and moved 
buck in tlie direction of the works. But wiiiie adviuicinj^ it was discovered 
that they were aheady occupied by the enemy, having tiiree stand of colors 
planted on the embankment, the rebels cheering luudly and demanding a 
surrender. The command still advancing opened fire ou them, and then the 
14tb Michigan charged the works and carried them after a shorthand to hand 
fight in which the enemy lost heavily. He retreated in confusion, leaving the 
ground covered with his dead. In the ciiarge one colonel, ten olfieeis of 
other grades, and one hundred and twenty-five men were taken prisoners, and 
the colors of the oith Virginia captured, the regiment losing five killed and 
three officers and nineteen men wounded and one missing. The command 
then moved back to its original line when it was ascertained that the enemy 
had broken the line ocupied by the fiist division some distance to the left and 
two whole divisions hud passed through and taken possession of the rear line 
of works, but were soon driven from it with great loss, and the brigade having 
moved farther to the left, filled up the gap in the first division and established 
the line again, when a strong skirmish line was thrown out in front and fight- 
ing ceased for the night. About 9 o'clock the next morning the skirmish line 
was pushed to within a short distance of the enemy's works, and from appear- 
ances it was judged that he was drawing off, when the 14th Michigan and IGth 
Illinois moved forward, and when within twenty yards of the works fixed bay- 
onets and charged in double quick, carrying them with ease, taking one hun- 
dred prisoners and following up rapidly the retreating enemy for nearly a mile 
inside his works, where he made a stand and brought up a six-gun battery 
with two brigades of infantry, when the two regiments charged and took pos- 
session of the battery; but after a desperate fight of about forty minutes, being 
outnumbered five to one besides the artillery, abandoning the guns, the com- 
mand was forced back about fifty yards, where it threw a traverse across a 
portion of the enemy's works and iield its position, being one mile in advance 
of all the other troops. The 14th Michigan lost in the engagement two killed 
and one ofidcer and twenty men wounded und four taken prisoners; the IGth 
Illinois losing fifty-four killed and wounded. Skirmishing continued during 
the remainder of the day, the regiment losing four wounded; next morning 
the enemy had disappeared. Tlie regiment with its brigade then started 
with the army for Gold.-boro, arriving there on the ^3d of March. It remained 
in camp until April lUth, when it marched to Kaleigh, skirmishing with the 
enemy's pickets the whole distance; from there it moved to (Japo Fear River, 
and continued at that point until the surrender of Johnson's army, when it 
marched buck to Holly Springs, thence to Richmond Va., reaching there ou 
the 8th of May, and passing through that city towards Washington, D. (J., 
arriving ihero on the i8th, and on tlie ^4th particii)ated in the review of Gen- 
eral Sherman's army. The regiment encamped near Washington until June 
13th, wlien it proceeded, in command of Lieutenant Colonel Grummond, via 
the Baltimore & Ohio railroad to Purkersburg, \V. Va., and thence by steamer 
to Louisville, Ky., arriving there on the i8th, where it was mustered out of 
service on the iSth of July, reaching Detroit ou the 2ist, and ou the 29th was 
paid off and discharged. 

The services ot this regiment during the Atlanta and Savannah campaigns 
were so conspicuous as to attract the notice of tlie cori)S commander. General 
Davis, as evmced by the following letter, which is inserted on account of the 



I 



352 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

high authority of the writer, and the great compliment not only extended to 
the regimental commander but to the regiment itself : 

Hbadquabtebs 1st Division, Depaetment of Kenttjokt, ) 
Louisville, December o, 1865* ) 

Hon. E. M. Stanton, Secretary of War, Washington, D. C: 

Deab Sib, — Whilst the government is conferring honors upon those who have distin.. 
guished themselves in the field, I hope it is not yet too late to ask attention of the Depart- 
ment to merits and service of Colonel Henry R. Mizner of the 14th Michigan Veteran 
Infantry (Captain 18th U. S. Infantry), who, up to the present time, seems to have been 
overlooked. 

In his behalf, as an officer deserving promotion, permit me to make the following report 
of his services while under my command: 

Colonel Mizner and regiment joined my command early in the campaign against Atlanta, 
and served with distinction to its close. This regiment was one of the best of the corps 
under my command, and on every occasion, where the enemy was met, invai-iably signal- 
ized its courage and discipline. In the assault of the corps on the enemy's works at 
Jonesboro, which resulted in the fall of Atlanta, the colors of this regiment were among 
the first carried over the works. 

Colonel Mizner had been long in command of his regiment, and beyond question, much 
was due his exertion and skill in promoting that excellent discipline and spirit of gallantry 
for which his regiment was conspicuous throughout the war. 

Colonel Mizner's personal bearing on the field was no less conspicuous than that of his 
regiment. I take great pleasure in recommending this officer's claims for promotion by 
Brevet, to the Department. 

I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, 

JEFF C. DAVIS, 
Brevet Major General. 

The 14th was engaged with the enemy while in service at Farmington, Miss^ 
May 9, 1862; siege of Corinth, Miss., May 10 to 31, 1862; Lavergiie, Tenn., 
November 1, 1862; Nashville, Tenn., Novembers, 1862; Brentwood, Tenn., 
December 8, 1862; 8tone River, Tenn., January 3, 1863; Weam's Springs, 
Tenn., July 27, 1863; Lawrenceburg, Tenn., November 4, 1863; Kenesaw, 
Ga., June 25, 1864; Chattahoochee Kiver, Ga., July 5 and 6, 1864; siege of 
Atlanta, Ga., July 22 to August 25, 1864; Atlanta, Ga., August 7, 1864; 
Jonesboro, Ga., September 1, 1864 ; Florence, Ala., October 10, 1864 ; Savan- 
nah, Ga., December 17 to 21, 1864; Fayetteville, N. C, March 12, 1865; 
Averysboro, N. C, March 16, 1865; Bentonville, N. C, March 19 and 20, 
1865. 

The enrollment of the regiment was 1,806, while its losses were 247, being 
one officer, 16 men died of wounds, 32 men killed in action, three officers and 
195 men died of disease. 

*• Marked on the roll of blood what names 
To Columbia's memory, and to fame's." 

Notes. — On one of the marches of this regiment the men were very much annoyed and 
embarrassed one day by two large wagon trains passing on a narrow road in opposite direc- 
tions, the wagons frequently coming in collision. Two Irishmen, being very much perplexed 
and tired by being driven out of the road, sat down by the wayside, with otheis, to rest, and 
began discussing wagon-train collisions with much earnestness and vigor, each advancing 
his opinion on the subject in several arguments, witliout coming to any satisfactory result. 
Finally, one of them suddenly started to his feet, slapping his fist on his musket, shouting 
with much warmth : " Bodad, Patrick, I liave it." " What's that?" says Patrick. "It's 
this," says he, " if ould Grant will give his attergraf that all trains make a dead halt till 
they pass, bedad that must stop it; de yees see? don't yees know nothing?" " Ye're 
riglit," says Patrick : " We'll petishun ould Yellssus ; he'll light them out on that hne if 
it takes till Patrick's day in the muruin'." 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 353 

A soldier of this regiment having obtained leave to go a fishing, but luck failing him, 
caught none. Disappointed in this, he determined to return to camp with something, and 
concluded to secure one of a number of saiall pigs running at large in the vicinity of the 
fishing point ; accordingly, he caught one, and attaching it to the string he Intended to 
bring home his fish with, started for the camp. Aware that there was an existing order 
against bringing live stock into camp, he took much pains to get within the line of senti- 
nelb without being observed. He succeeded in this, but on the way to liis tent, he was 
halted by an officer, when the following queries and answers were made : " Been a fish- 
ing, Mike?" "Yes, sur." " Caught any ?" "Ne'reaone." " Bad luck, Mike ?" "Yes, 
sur." "But you brought in something?" "Ne're a heppoth. " "Oh, yes, you have; 
and don't you know there is an order against bringing pigs into camp?" " Yes, sur." 
" Then, why did you do it ?" "I didn't," says Mike. "You have," says the officer. "I 
haint, " snys Mike. " What is that behind you?" Mike turned around, and, in apparent 
amazement, exclaimed : "Be the hokyl some tief o' the wurld has tied that poor, iiiuo- 
cent pig to my fish line I" 

45 



I 



FIFTEENTH REGIMENT INFANTRY. 



*• Look to your arms, boys, 
Your friends tried and true; 
How the blood warms, boys, 
The foe is in view." 

Monroe was the place of the rendezvous of the 15th Eegiment. It was 
recruited under the direction of Colonel John M. Oliver, of that place. 

The organization of the regiment being completed, it was mustered into 
service on the :^Oth of March, 1863, and left its camp at Monroe, in command 
of Colonel Oliver, on the 27th of the same month, with 869 names on its rolls. 

FIEIiD AND STAFF. 

Colonel, John M. Oliver, Monroe. Lieutenant Colonel, John McDermott, Detroit. 
Major, Stephen Walsh, Saginaw. Surgeon, Levi M. Garner, Holly. Assistant Surgeon, 
Horace P. Woodward, Blissfield. Adjutant, James G. McBride, Monroe. Quartermaster, 
Michael Twoomey, Monroe. Chaplain, Thomas M. Brady, Detroit. 

A. Captain, John H. Waterman, Burr Oali. First Lieutenant, William J. St. Clair, 
St. Clair. Second Lieutenant, Jonathan Snook, Burr Oak. 

B. Captain, Richard Loranger, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Moses A. Lapoint, Monroe. 
Second Lieutenant, James G. McBride, Monroe. 

C. Captain, R. F, FarreU, Detroit. First Lieutenant, John Considine, Detroit. Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, John Stewart, Detroit. 

D. Captain, Henry A. Peel, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Erastus A. Pratt, Howell. 
Second Lieutenant, Andrew J. Bishop, Howell. 

E. Captain, Austin E. Jaquith, Trenton. First Lieutenant, Augustus H. Phelps, Mon- 
roe. Second Lieutenant, Malcom Swayze, Port Huron. 

F. Captam, Thomas M. Brady, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Malvin W. Dresser, Lyons. 
Second Lieutenant, James F. Adams, Monroe. 

G. Captain, James J. Cicotte, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Stephen M. Richards, St. 
Clair. Second Lieutenant, Francis X. Solean, Monroe. , 

H Captain, George M. Boardman, Petersburg. First Lieutenant, Samuel P. Clark, 
Monroe. Second Lieutenant, Isaac N. Stout, Deerfield. 

I. Captain, George A. Strong, Monroe. First Lieutenant, Henry F. Wallace, Corunna. 
Second Lieutenant, John Edwards, Corunna. 

K. Captain, George W. Bowlsby, Monroe. First Lieutenant, Oeorge E. S. Baker, 
Bllssfleld. Second Lieutenant, Charles W. Barnaby, Monroe. 

The destination of the regiment being the army then serving with General 
Grunt in Mississippi, it reached Pittsburg Landing on the day before the battle 
of the 6th and 7th of April, and its participation in that action cost the regi- 
ment Captain George A. Strong, Lieutenant Malvin Dresjer, and 31 men 
killed, and 1 oilicer and 63 privates wounded, with 7 missing. 

From General McCook's official report, commanding 2d division, Buell's 
army : 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 356 

" I take great pleasure in calling your attention to the conduct of Colonel Oliver and a 
portion of his regiment, the 15th Michigan. When my division was marching on the field. 
Colonel Oliver, at that time unknown to me, requested the privilege to place himseir under 
my command. His regiment was attached to Genni al Kosseau's brigade, ai;d during the 
day was under the hottest fiie, when he and hie oflicers and men acted with coubpicuous 
gallantry. " 

At the attack on Corinth, MisBipsippi, by the rebel force on the dd and 4th 
of October following, the 15lh, in command of Lieutenant Colonel McDermott, 
and then in the 2d brigade, commanded by Colonel Oliver, 6Lh division (Mc- 
Arthur's), formed the outposts of the Union army, and its pickets and skir- 
misiiers were the first engaged, its casualties in that affair being thirteen killed, 
thirty-two wounded and live missing. Up to November Ist it had participated 
in engagements and skirmishes at Pittsburg Landing, April 6iii ; Farmington, 
lyiay yth ; siege of Corinth, from May 10th to 31st; luka, beptember liithj 
Chewalla, October 1st; and on the 3d and 4ih at Corinth. 

Keport of Lieutenant Colonel McDermott covering the part taken by his 
regiment at Chewalla and Corinth : 

"We were stationed at Chewalla, a small post some nine miles from Corinth, on the 
Memphis and Charleston railroad. Attached to us was a cumpauy ol cavalry commanded 
by Ford (53d lUinoisj, which was kept on duty night and day. We were always on the 
alert for any surprise. Our men were engaged night and day on picket duty and building 
breastworks. On Tuesday, 1st instant, from information received, I was uiformed that a 
large body of the enemy was advancing some eight miles from Pocahontas. I immediately 
reported the saiuo to headquarters and advanced our pickets, and sent forward our cav- 
alry scouts to ascertain if possible their force and report. They reported a large body ad- 
vancing, of cavalry and infantry, I immediately reported to headquarters, packed up all 
baggage and property belonging to the U. !S., and sent our trahis forward on the Corinth 
road. On W^ednesday morning, 2d instant, our scouts were driven in, wounding one man 
and two horses. I then reported the facts to headquarters and asked for reinforcements, 
which were promptly furnished, consisting of two regiments and two pieces of artillery 
under command of Colonel J. M. Oliver, commanding 2d brigade. He arrived about sun- 
down and assumed command. During the whole afternoon our scouts and pickets were 
engaged in skirmishuig, falling back slowly and contesting every foot of the way. About 10 
P. M. we were ordered to fall back to an elevated spot about one mile from Cliewalla, wlien 
we formed in line of battle, still keeping our pickets and Une of skirmishers there. We 
rested on our arms all night. About 5 o'clock in the morning of the 3d, our advance pickets 
and those of the enemy came in collision at the Tuscumbia, they driving our pickets back 
to Chewalla, wounding two men and two horses. We had four companies out as skir- 
mibhers. We were then ordered to fallback to the junction of the road known as 'old 
Smith road.' There we learned that a large force of the enemy was ai)i)ioaching fast. 
We were then ordered to fall back to the road known as the 'Alexander road,' where we 
arrived about 5 P. M., our skirmishers still contesting every foot of the way. We formed 
.line, were ordered to support one piece of artillery, sent out two companies as sUUmishers 
for the niglit, and rested on our arms. About 5 o'clock next morning the liring was re- 
sumed between our pickets and those of the enemy. Our piece of artillery, alter lirijig 
about seventeen rounds, was ordered to fall back, which it did. About ten minutes after- 
ward we were ordered to fall back, wtiich we did in good order, taking a position on an 
elevated spot near the Memphis and Charleston railroad, arriving thero about 8.15 A. M. 
We were then ordered into line to support two pieces of artillery (the 1st iliiinesota). 
Twice during the forenoon the enemy ascended the hill on double-quick and both times 
Were gallantly repulsed. We stood there under a hot lire until about 4 P. M., when tlie 
gun on our right gave way for want of ammunition, causing tlie regiment on the right as 
well as on the lett to fall back. After retiring some two hundred paces, we rallied, and 
by the aid of Captain Clark, A. A. General to Gentsral Kosecrans, 1 succeeded in funning 
lino with the 15th Michigan and a portion of the 14.th Wisconsin. It was liere that the 
following expression was used by the General commanding: ' Well vitiy Michiyan be 
proud oj Ihe gullanL lotfi.' And alter a spirited contest was forced to fall baek to the 
camp of the 17th Wisconsin, when we again rallied; a contest ensued, wlierein the enemy 
wa^ nobly repulsed. We were then ordered to fall back to the ISeuiinary to sufport a 
baliery at that point, which we did, wliere we rested on our arms for the night. Ahout 4 
A. M. next morning (5th) the enemy opened on us a hot lire of shot and t-hell. About 8 
A. M. we were ordered to the bcmiiiary, -where we remamed the balance of the day. 



356 MICHIGAN m THE WAR. 

About 7 P. M. we were ordered to be ready to march next morning at 3 o'clock, with three 
days' rations, in pursuit of the enemy. We did so, following them in close pursuit by way 
of Chewalla, Tuscumbia, Hatchee, and Eipley (taking many prisoners together with arms 
and equipage;, where we arrived on the 10th, and were ordered back to Corinth arriving 
there on the night of the 12th. Owing to the inclemency of the weather, ajid after 
marching a distance of sixty miles since the morning of the 10th through a drenching rain 
our men were much exhausted, but in the glorious victory achieved they lest sight of 
everything but the Union. We arrived at Corinth in good order. Our loss in this affair 
was thirteen Idlled, thirty-two wounded, and five missing." 

November 2d, ISQ'Z, the 15th was ordered with its division to move from 
Corinth, where it had been stationed, to Wolf Creek. From that point the 
regiment proceeded to Grand Junction, November 19th, to serve as garrison 
and provost guard. It was also employed, while at Grand Junction, in guard- 
ing the Memphis and Charleston railroad and in scouting after guerrillas. 

The regiment remained at Grand Junction and at La Grange until June 
5th, 1863, when it was ordered, in command of Colonel Oliver, to Vicksburg, 
Miss., with the Ist division, 16th corps, to which it had been attached since 
January 1st. Arriving at the mouth of the Yazoo, June 11th, the loth pro- 
ceeded up the river and disembarked at Hayne's Bluff. Having been attached 
temporarily to the 9th corps, it participated with it in the advance on Jackson 
on the 4th of July. The Big Black river was crossed on the 6th (tliis regi- 
ment leading), on rafts and by swimming, and until the arrival of the national 
forces before Jackson the regiment was engaged in skirmishing with the rebels. 
It participated in the movements of the 9th corps until the enemy was driven 
back across the Pearl river, on the 17th. On the 23d it began its march back 
to the Big Black. It was here attached to the 2d brigade, 4th division, 15th 
army corps. This corps having been ordered to reinforce the Army of the 
Cumberland, the regiment arrived at Memphis, Tenn., October 8th, and at 
Corinth, Miss., on the 17th. On the following day it proceeded to luka, 
where it remained until October 25th, and on the 1st of November it arrived 
at Florence, Ala. 

Leaving Florence in command of Lieutenant Colonel Jaquith, November 
2d, 1863, the 15th proceeded, via Fayetteville and Winchester, Tenn., to 
Bridgeport, whence, on the 16th, it marched to Stevenson, and on the 17th to 
Scottsboro, Ala. During the months of January and February, 1864, the 
regiment remained quietly in camp at that point. 

Becoming a veteran organization, with 186 re-enlistments, the regiment left 
Scottsboro on the 17th of March, 1864, and arrived at Detroit on the 22d,' 
where it was furloughed for thirty days, at the expiration of which time it 
again went into rendezvous at Monroe, whence it proceeded to Cliattanooga, 
Tenn,, arriving there on the 4th of May. Encamping at Kossville, it moved 
from that place to participate in the Georgia campaign, taking part in the 
engagements that occurred during the movement on Kesaca. On the 17th the 
coniniaiiii marched to Dallas, via Adairsville. Entrenching, it remained in 
its works, with occasional skirmishing, until the 1st of June, when it moved 
to near New Hope Church, and on the 5th to AckworLh. On the ]Oth the 
regiment, in command of Major F. S. Hutchinson, marched to Big Shanty, 
and on the 15Lh moved to tlie right of the line, and with its brigade supported 
a force whicli attacked and drove the enemy from their works. Marching on 
the 19th, the command moved to the right of the railroad facing Keuesaw 
Mountain, where it remained until the 25th. Moving to Marietta on the 3d 
of July, the regiment marched thence on the 4Lh, and on the 8th arrived at 
Nickajack creek, and entienclied in view of tlie enemy's works. Marching via 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 357 

Marietta to Rossville, the regiment crossed to the south side of the Chatta- 
huochee river on tlie 14th. On the 17th it moved to Cross Keys, and on the 
18th marched towards Decatur, going into line of battle, though not becoming 
engaged. On the 2Uth it moved forward, via Decatur, eevend miles, and on 
that and the following day engaged in skirmishing with the enemy. The 
enemy attacked in force about noon of the 'Z'Zd, and a severe engagement 
€usued, the regiment capturing two rebel battle-flags and 176 prisoners; its 
loss being four killed and six wounded. 

Lieutent Colonel Hutchinson, commanding the regiment, says: 

" On the 22d July, 1864, the regiment attached to the 15th A. C. The rebel army under 
General Hood, attacked the 17th A. C, which was on its extreme left, early in the morn- 
ing in flank and in rear, driving? it back and inflicting severe loss. At about 1 o'clock the 
15th was ordered to fill a gap upon the extreme left of the corps, about one mile distant 
from the position it then occupied. The regiment moved on double-quick, and upon coming 
into line near the position indicated found it in possession of the enemy. It moved for- 
ward in line and struck the enemy upon the flank, capturing 17 olllcers, 167 men, and 
colors of the 5th Confederate Infantiy, and 17th and 18th Texas Infantry (consolidated). 
This was the advance of two divisions who were massed in the wood but a short distance 
in the rear. The promptitude with which the movement was executed deterred the remain- 
der of the force from making a forward movement, which, had it taken place, must inevitably 
have broken our lines, thus bringing great disaster upon our army. The flag of the 5th 
Confederate Infantry was foi-warded to Michigan. That of the 17th and 18th Texas was 
presented by the regiment to Lieutenant Colonel Wiiliam T. Clark, Assistant Adjutant 
General, Department Army of the Tennessee. 

On the 27th the 15th proceeded to the extreme right of the army. While 
advancing in line on the 28th the enemy attacked and were driven off with 
heavy loss, their dead and wounded being left on the field. The casualties in 
the regiment during the action were 33 wounded. During the remainder of 
the month and until the 26Lh of August the regiment was engaged in the 
trenches before Atlanta, skirmishing almost daily with the rebel troops. Cap- 
tain Charles H. Barnaby being killed in action on the 13th. On the 28th 
it moved on the Atlanta & Montgomery railroad, which, on the following day 
it assisted in destroying. On the 30th the regiment marched to the east side 
of Flint river, near Jonesboro, and entrenched. An assault made by the 
enemy on the 31st was repelled with heavy loss. On the 1st of September the 
skirmishers advanced and captured a number of prisoners at Jonesboro. 
Moving forward to Lovejoy's Station on the 2d, the regiment entrenched and 
there remained until the 5th, having continued skirmisliing with the enemy. 
On the 6th the command withdrew to Jonesboro. On the 8th it proceeded to 
East Point, where it remained during the month. Leaving tliat point on the 
4th of October the regiment mftrched via Marietta, Altoona, Kingston, Home, 
Calhoun, Rusaca, Snake Creek Gap, Lafayette, Summersville, and Galesville, 
'in Georgia, and Little River, King's Hill, Cedar Bluff, and Carr Springs, in 
Alabama, and participated in the skirmishes and engagements that occurred 
during the pursuit of the rebel army un(Jer Hood, in Northern Georgia and 
Alabama, the regiment marching during this month 200 miles. 

The 15th, serving in 3d brigade, 2d division, 15th corps, on November 1, 
1864, leit Cave Springs, Ala.,' and moved, fia Marietta and Powder Springs, 
Ga., to Atlanta, arrivmg there on the 12th, where it remained until the 14th, 
when it commenced the march witn the army of General Sherman to Savan- 
nah, which was continued witliout interruption until arriving at Clinton, where 
it had a slight skirmish with the enemy on the 20th, having three men wounded. 
On the 2l8t the march was resumed, arriving at the Ogeechee river December 



358 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

13th, and remaining near Fort McAllister until the 27th. It then marched to 
Savannah, and encamped until the 14th of January fellowing, when it 
embarked on transports for Beaufort, S. C. ; arriving there on the 15th, it 
established camp within one and one-half miles of the city. Continuing; at that 
point until the 2?th, it then marched to Garden's Gross Roads, and on the 
30th took up its line of march towards Orangeburg, arriving there on February 
15th, when it marched to Columbia, and arrived there on the 17th, and on the 
19th resumed the march to Cheraw, via Liberty Hill and Kelly's Bi'idge, 
reaching Cheraw March oth, and on the 7th started for Fayetteville, N. C, 
which it reached on the 13th, and on the 14th marched for Goldsboro, and on 
the 19th was at Bentonville. The regiment was detailed on the 21st as guard 
to a supply train for Kingston, arriving there on the 24th, and returning to 
Goldsboro on the 28th. 

Breaking camp on the 10th of April, the regiment, in command of Colonel 
Hutchinson, who had been promoted to the colonelcy tJrank from January 
14th, 1865, vice Oliver api)ointed a brigadier general, marched towards Raleigh, 
and arrived there on the 14th, remaining there until the 29th : it then took up 
its line of march for Richmond, Va., reaching there on the 6th of May, and 
maiching for Washington on the 8ih, arrived on the 21st, and participated in 
the grand review of General Sherman's army on the 24th. The regiment was 
encamped near Washington until June 1st, when it started for Louisville, Ky., 
via the Baltimore and Oiiio railroad, arriving at that point on the 7th ; on the 
28th embarked on transports for Little Rock, Ark., reaching there July 7th, 
where it was stationed until August 21st, when it took transports for Cairo, 
and thence proceeded by rail to Michigan, arriving at Detroit on September 
Ist, where it was paid off and discharged. 

The 16th met the enemy at Pittsburg Landing, Tenn., April 6 and 7, 1862; 
Farmington, Miss., May 9, 1862; siege of Corinth, Miss., May 10 to 31, 186:i; 
luka, M iss.,- September 19, 1862; Chewalla,, Miss., October 1, 1862; Corinth, 
Miss., October 3 and 4, 1862; siege of Vicksburg, Miss., June 11 to July 4, 
1863; Jackson, Miss., July 11 to 18, 1863; Resaca, Ga., May 14, 1864; Big 
Shanty, Ga., June 15, 1864; Kenesaw, Ga., June 25, 1864; Decatur, Ga, 
July 20, 21, 1864 ; siege of Ailauta, Ga., July 22 to August v:5, 1864 ; Atlanta 
and M. R. R., Ga., August 29, 1864; Jouesboro, Ga., August 31, 1864; Love- 
joy's Siation, Ga., September 2, 1864; Clinton, Ga., i^ovember 20, 1864; 
Fort McAllister, Ga., December 13, 1864; Orangeburg, S. C, February 14 
and 15, 1865; Congaree Creek, S. C, February 15, 1865; Saluda Creek, 
S. C, February 16, 1865; Columbia, S. C, February 17, 1865; Fayetteville, 
N. C, March 13, 1865; Bentonville, N. C, March 19, 1865. 

The membership of the 15th was 2,371, and its losses 337, as follows: Killed 
in action, 2 dlicLrs and 48 men; 1 officer and 18 men died oi wounds; and of 
disease, 4 officers and 264 men. 

" Triumph and sorrow border near. 

And joy oft melts into a tear, 
Alab! what luiks ol love that luoum 
Has war's rude hand asunder torn." 



SIXTEENTH REGIMENT INFANTRY. 



I 



. *' Come for your country! For all dear things, come, 
Come to the roll of the rallying drum! " 

The 16th, originally known as " Stockton's Independent Regiment," was 
organized at Camp Backus, Detroit, by Colonel T. W. B. Stockton of Flint, 
under direct authority from the Secretary of War, and took the field as such, 
tlie officers being for some time without commissions, but finally, in order to 
make their status legal, it was found necessary to have commissions from the 
State of Michigan for them, which they received. Numerical designation of 
the 16th Infantry was given the regiment at the same time. 

This regiment, in command of Colonel Stockton, left for the field in Vir- 
ginia on the 16th of September, 1861, with an aggregate of 761 officers and 
men on its rolls. 

Before it left, the ladies of Detroit, through Mrs. Charles H. Dunks, gave 
the 16th, while in Camp Backus, a superb flag of the finest blue silk, inscribed 
thereon, "Stockton's Independent Ilegiment," with the State arms on one 
side, and on the reverse the arms of the United States, finely executed, on 
which was the motto, *' Stand by the Union." 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

The Field and Staff of the regiment was made up of Colonel Thomas B. W. Stockton, 
Flint. Lieutenant Colonel, John V. Reuhle, Detroit. Major, Nerval E. Welch, Aim Arbor. 
Surgeon, Isaac Wixam, Fentonville. Assistant Surgeon, William H. Butler, Buffalo, N. 
Y. Chaplain, WilUam H. Brockway, Albion. Adjutant, Thomas E. Morris, East Suginaw. 
Q«aitermaster, Miner S. Newell, Flint. 

The companies of the regiment were, as mustered into the United States 
service : 

A. Captain, Thomas S. Bairy, Detroit. First Lieutenant, George H. Swan, Detroit. 
Second Lieutenant, George Prentiss, Detroit. 

B. Captain, Henry H. Sibley, Ionia. First Lieutenant, Guy W. Fuller, Ionia. Second 
Lieutenant, Morris B. Wells, Ionia. 

C. Captain, Thomas C. Carr, Flint. Fu-st Lieutenant, Miner S. Newell, Flint. Second 
Lieutenant, llandolph W. Ransom, Flint. 

D. Captain, Benjamin F. Fisher, East Saginaw. First Lieutenant, Theodore S. Mahan, 
Adrian. Second Lieutenant, Gilbert R. Chandler, East Saginaw. 

E. Captain, Robert T. Elliott. Detroit. Fust Lieutenant, Patrick McLaughlin, Detroit. 
Second Lieutenant, Charles H. Salter, Detroit. 

F. Captain, James Defoe, Plymouth. First Lieutenant, William B. Roe, Plymouth. 
Second Lieutenant, Solomon P. Brockway, Albion. 

G. Captain, George Myers, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Jacob Webber, Lansing. Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, Frank Eddy, Flint. 

H. Captain, Stephen Martin, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Thomes F. Hughes, Detroit 
Second Lieutenant, Jolin Long, Detroit. 



360 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

I. Captain, Judd M. Mott, Alburg, Vt. First Lieutenant, Benjamin F. Partridge, Bay 
City. Second Lieutenant, . 

K. Captain, Gustave Kast, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Lewis Webster, East Saginaw. 
Second Lieutenant, Edward HUl, Detroit. 

In February, 1862, a company was mustered into service at Detroit, with 
Kin S. Dygert as captain, known as "Dygert's Sharpshooters," which was 
designated on the rolls and records as the first independent company attached 
to the 16th, serving with the regiment until the close of the war. 

The regiment eucamped at Hall's Hill, Va., during the winter of 1861-2, 
and in command of Colonel Stockton moved to the Peninsula under McClellan 
in March following, and belonged to the 3d brigade, 1st division (then Por- 
ter's), 5th corps, in which it served during the entire war. 

The 16th shared in the siege of Yorktown in April, and participated in the 
severe engagements at Hanover Court House May 27th, and at Gaines's Mills, 
June 27th. 

Colonel Partridge (then a captain), in a brief account of the services of his 
regiment at Gaines's Mills, says: 

" The regiment was formed in reserve about 8 A. M., and lay in that position under a 
heavy fire from the enemy's worlcs until about 2 P. M., when he made a deperate charge 
several columns deep upon our lines. The 16th was now called upon to resist the charge, 
and went in at a double-quick under a very destructive fire from the rebel batteries, and 
drove them bacli to their former position. * * * In this action we lost many brave 
officers and men. " 

In this affair Colonel Stockton, commanding the 16th, had his horse shot, 
and being much debilitated, was taken prisoner and carried to Richmond, where 
he was held in prison until August 12th following. 

The regiment, then commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Welch, was also in 
the engagement on July 1st at Malvern Hill. In August immediately follow- 
ing the Peninsula campaign it joined Pope's army at Fredericksburg, and in 
command of Major Barry fought at Bull Run August 30th. General Pope in 
his report, says of Porter's corps, in which the 16th was serving: 

" The enemy's heavy reinforcements having reached him on Friday afternoon and night, 
he began to mass on his right for the purpose of crushing our left, and occupying the 
road to Centerville in our rear. His heaviest assault was made about five o'clock in the 
aftcinooii, when, after overwhelming Fitz John Porter and driving his forces back on the 
center and left, mass after mass of his forces was pushed against our left. " 

Its casualties at Gaines's Mills were: Captain Thomas C. Carr, Lieutenants ' 
Richard Williams, and Byron McGraw, with 46 men killed, sixoffieers and 110 
wounded, and two officers and 53 men missing. At Malvern Hill, two men 
killed, one officer and 36 men wounded, with three missing. At Bull run (or 
Manassas), Captain R. W. Ransom, Lieutenants Michael Chittick and John 
Ruby, together with 13 men killed, lour officers and 59 men wounded, with 
17 missing. 

The regiment, again in command of Lieutenant Colonel Welch, then 
entered upon the Maryland campaign under McClellan, and at the battle of 
AiiLieLiun was posted in support of the line of artillery, though not actually 
engaged. 

Following are extracts from a report of Colonel Stockton, covering briofly 
operations of his regiment up to October 31st, 1862, and including the Mary- 
land campaign : 

" On the lOth of March, 1862, the 16th, with the division to which it was attached, left 
Hall's Hill, Va., where it had been stationed all winter, for Fairfax Court House to join the 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAli. 861 

Army of the Potomac, thon mnvins: towards Manassas. On Its arrival at Fairfax it was 
ordered to Alexandria, and embai ked there on the 2i8t for Fortress Monroe, and landed 
thei-e on the '23d. After aonie weeks time the army moved forward towards Yorktown, 
where it arrived on the 5Lh of Api'il. Here strong works were found and apparently 
large numbers of the enemy. Heavy eaniionadins: was U(;pt up for some days, and finally 
the place was regularly besieged. The 16th participated throughout, and on its evacua- 
tion was embarked for ' West Point,' at the head of York river. Thence, with the rest of 
the division, it marched to the Chickahoujuiy in front of PJchmond, arriving on the 26th 
April, and again participating in all the duties preparatory to crossing said river and 
attack on Richmond. 

"On the 27th of May our division made a reconnoissance in force to Hanover Court 
House, some twenty-four miles, and had a severe light with the enemy there, returning 
to our camp the second day after. 

" On the 26th of June our whole force on the east side of the Chickahominy was ordered 
out to meet the enemy said to be advancing on our rij^ht flank. The battle of Mechanics- 
ville was fought on this day, but Porter's division was not in it. The whole division was 
under arms and bivouacked near there on the night of tiie 26th. Early next uiorning the 
whole force fell back to the locality selected to meet the enemy, and where the bloody 
but disastrous battle of the 27th took place. 

" It was here, at the repulse of my brigade, just at dark, that my regiment had to fall 
back, and (mostly owing to my debilitated health, and my horse having been shot) tliat I 
was taken prisoner and carried to Bichmond, where I remained until released on the 12th 
of August. 

"In the meantime my regiment fell back to Harrison's Landing on James river, having, 
before arriving there, again participated in a number of battles, especially that at Malvern 
Hill. 

" On the Idth of August my regiment moved with the army by land to Newport News, 
from whence it shipped to A quia creek, marched to Fredericksburg, joined General Pope's 
army, was present and much cut up at Manassas, from thence retreated to Alexandria, 
where I again joined and took command of it on the 7th instant. 

"General Butterfield being sick, I was assigned the command of this brigade, which 
was ordered to march on the 12th with the rest of the division to join General McClellan's 
army near Frederick, Maryland, to aid in driving the enemy's army from that State. 

"We did not get up until the 16th, when we found the army near Sharpsburg, where 
the grand battle of the 17th was fought, in which we defeated the enemy after a long and 
bloody struggle. Our division was assigned the part of protecting or supporting the line 
of artillery, being drawn up in line, and posted immediately in rear. Our arms proving 
successful, we were not called upon that day, as we would had our batteries been attacked. 

" On the 19th our division took the advance and pushed the enemy to the banks of tiie 
Potomac, but he made good his retreat just below Shepardstown. In fact they had con- 
sumujaled this the night previous. We are still here with the rest of the division, expect- 
ing orders daily to advance. 

"1 will further add that on the 2()th our pickets here crossed the river and reported no 
signs of the enemy. A large body of cavalry with a portion of General Sykes's division, 
and the 1st brigade (Colonel Barnes commanding), and the 3d brigrade (under my com- 
mand) of Morrell's division, were ordered to cross and make a reconnoissance. The cav- 
alry and the first two brigades had crossed, and I had just crossed with a portion of my 
brigade when the enemy were discovered advancing in large force, evidently intending to 
overwhelm us before other troops could be thrown over to our assistance. We were all 
ordered back at once, which was safely done as far as all were concerned except the llSth 
Pennsylvania, a new and inexperienced regiment, which was in the rear. It lost some 
few men, mostly wounded." 

Leaving Harper's Ferry on November 1st, with the 1st brigade, on the 23d 
the legiiiieiit arrived at Falmouth, crossing the Rappahannock on the 12lh of 
December in command of Lieutenant Colonel Welcli, Colonel Stockton being 
in command of the brigade. On Llio liith it participated with tlie army of tlie 
Potomac iu the battle of Fredericksburg, losing three killed, thirty wounded, 
and eight missing. 

Colonel Stockton says in his report: 

"Our division, to which the 1st, 4th, and IGth Michigan belong, marched from our pres- 
ent camps on the muiiiing of the lltli, and remained bivouacked opposite Fredericksburg, 
with other corps until the afternoon of the 13th when the attack having been bogun, we 
crossed the llappahannock by brigades, the 3d being under my command, into the town 

46 



362 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

and were dravsrn up at 4 P. M. in line of ba1i;le Just in rear, exposed even then to the shells 
and rifles of the enemy, which liilled and wounded many of my brigade. The enemy were 
posted on the hills some 2,500 yards distant, an open and undulating plain intervening. 

"Just before sundown (the 1st and 2d brigades preceding) the order to advance was 
given, with instructions ' to reach, take, and hold a ridge or hill some 500 yards injront of 
the enemy's works.' My whole line went briskly forward, and when we had reached an 
intervening crest, about halfway, we became entirely exposed to view; the rebels opened 
upon us one of the most terriflc showers of shell and musketry I have ever experienced. 
My whole line returned the fire and steadily advanced. It was here that our greatest 
loss occurred, but under all this there was no faltering, no hesitation, and we were soon 
at the ridge we were ordered to take, the enemy retreating to their rifle-pits and shelter 
behind a stone wall immediately under their batteries. The ridge scarcely afforded us 
any shelter, except by lying down. Soon after dark the firing on both sides ceased for 
the night and all was silence, except the groans and moans of the wounded and dying. 
During the night we sent in our wounded, but the dead were left as they lay, we having 
no means of burying them then. Orders were received during the niglit that we must 
hold tills position until 10 A. M. next day, when the 9th army corps, under General M^ill- 
cox, would make a general attack, when we would be either retired or instructed to 
'go in.' 

"As soon as the day dawned the rebels opened fire from a gun on our extreme left with 
shell. It only fired three shots when, from some unknown cause, it ceased and did not 
fire another cannon aU day, greatly to our relief and safety, for had they continueil they 
surelj' would have shelled us out; the first shell exploded immediately over us, wounding 
a number; the other two did not explode, but struck within twenty feet. The enemy's 
riflemen, however, were ever on the watch, and if a man exposed himself he was instantly 
fired at. They had complete range, and no one could leave or approach us. Thus we 
all, both officers and men, passed the whole day, lying down in the mud close under the 
ridge, returning the rebel fire only occasionally, for our orders were 'not to fire or bring 
on an engagement until the contemplated attack should commence,' and it was deemed 
prudent, as I afterwards learned, not to make any further attempts; we had to await 
darkness before we could move or return, which we did at 10 P. M., when I sent in all 
my wounded, buried all the dead, and then marched into town, where we bivouacked in 
the streets. Remained there all the 15th, when it was determined to evacuate; my com- 
mand was then sent back and reheved about 12 o'clock at night. This was done to 
deceive the enemy. About 3 A. M. my command silently withdrew. All this time our 
forces were recrossing the river, and when all were over my brigade at double quick 
brought up the rear, got safely over, ahd the pontoon bridges were withdrawn— ah done 
before the enemy suspected the maneuver, and without losing a man. We returned to 
our former camping ground, where we now are." 

The regiment crossed the Rappahannock and the Rapidan, and from the 
2d to the 5th of May, 1863, was engaged in the battle of (Jbaucellorsville, with 
a loss of one killed and six wounded. 

Captain Edward Hill, of the regiment, in a communication says: 

" In this affair, on the morning of the 3d, when the 11th corps had been paralyzed, 
broken up, and scattered by ytonewall Jackson's troops, and the 5th corps, theu under 
Mead, were being hurried into position to, if possible, stay the rout. Mead ordered Gen- 
eral Grifiln, commanding the 1st division, to sieze and hold a small eminence to the right 
of the Chaiicellorsville House, towards which the victorious troops of Jackson were push- 
ing in large force and with great rapidity. Griffin, with an alaciity to obey for which he 
was ever noted, and with a thorough knowledge of the fidelity and metal of his men, 
selected for this duty from the 2d and 3d brigades the 4th and IGth Michigan Infantry 
Regiments. In five minutes their line of battle lay across the ridge. In a moment more 
Mi-ad's headquarters flag was borne past Grilfin's front. ' Have you placed tiie regi- 
ments in position. General?' says Mead, hurriedly and anxiously. 'I have,' savs Grillin. 
' Are they troops on whom you can depc^ndV questioned .Mead. ' General,' says GriUin, 
' Ikey are Michigan men.' ' But,' said Mead, ' will they hold their ground?' ' Yes, Gen- 
eral,' said Griffin, emphatically, ' they'll hold it against hell;' and tliey did. Behind tliat 
battle line the; shattensd remains ol' the 11th corps sought refuge and shelter, and at its 
threshold thou- bloodthirsty pursuers found a wall of fire, beyond which they did not 
pass." 

Marching with the army in June, on the 2l8t it was engaged at Middleburg, 
in commaud of (Jolouel Welch, capturuig from the enemy a piece of artUiery, 



MICHIGAN IN lilE WAR. 3G3 

with 19 officers an(\ men, with a loss on the part of the regiment of 9 wounded, 
iucluiliiig Uaptiiiii Jtiil.l M. Molt, iimi laliv, wiio i! ieil Jiiiio "^'Slli following. 

Extracts iiuui repuiiis covering Liie ulliur at MiddloUuig, Colouei Welcli 
says : 

" In reporting the part the 16th Michigan Infantry bore In support of the cavalry on the 

on tlie '21st inslanl. 1 iuivu liic iiuiior to btali^ thai the loyiiiiLiii under my com- 
mand led the brigade under eommand of Colonel iStrong Vincent, b3d rcnnsylvania Vol- 
unteers, on the march to Middleburg, breaking camp at 3 A. M. Alter taknig the posi- 
tion assigned to us al>out a mde beyond Middleburg, I was ordered to throw out two 
companies as skirmishers, using Company A, Captain Swan, on the right, and a company 
of sharpsliooters, Lieutenant Lurns, trom the left of the regiment for that purpose, and 
advauceti them three or four huiiuied yards, at the same time connecting my rejiiment per 
omer, with a small squadron of cavalry on the left of the main road. At tliis time the 
tile from a battery the enemy had planted on the right of the road on a liill some twelve 
or lifteen yards to the front was annoying the cavalry in the rear and our battery; we 
were ordered forward that our skirmishtrs might pick o£f the gunners and silence it if 
possible. The regiment advanced rapidly through the woods a quarter of a mile, when, 
coming to an open field in full sight of the battery and the enemy's line of skirmishers 
who wei-e strongly posted behind a stone fence, it halted. Throwing the right of the line 
of skirmishers well forward into a house and some out-builduigs, the enemy's skirmishers 
were soon dislodged and commenced hilling back, at which moment the whole hue was 
advanced and the regiment ordered forward at double-quick to gain a stone wall about 
t\>ur liundred yards from the enemy's battery. It was here that Captain J udd M. Mott 
fell, severely if not mortally wounded, gallantly leading his company, cheering his men 
lorward by word and deed, and doing his whole duty. As soon as our advance in luie of 
battle was discovered by the enemy they attempted to save their battery, but were only 
partially successful, as they left one piece, a iJlakesly rifled gun, with two lK)rses attached, 
capsized, one horse wounded, the other not. Lieutenant Powers, Company A, with Ser- 
iieaiiL Kcene, were lirst at the gun, but passed on, pressing the enemy's skirmislicrs in 
:iieat cou.usion. Lieutenant Cook, Company A, liberated the unwouuded horse and sent 
mm to tlie rear by Private John Neviow, Company A, and shot the wounded one. Lieu- 
uenant Cook had just finished liberating the horse and was standing by the gun when a 
sipiad of cavalry rode up, also four or live cavalry oUicers, and all rode away again befoi"e 
j_,ieutenant Cook left the gun. I am thus explicit because I understand the capture of 
the gun is claimed by the cavalry, who were certainly half a mile iu the rear of the line of 
skiiiuishers and over a quarter of a mile iu rear of tlio regimeiit. 

" The reiiiment immediately advanced, deployed in line, following its skirmishers, vary- 
ing its march by supporting at intervals sections of Tidball's battery, and at other times 
alu'ad oi the artillery, counectuig as far as practicable upon the right and left with the 
2nth Maine and 44th New York Volunteers. Company A being out of ammuuiLioii, was 
relieved by company 13, Captain Fuller and Lieutenant Graham. 

"Upon arriving at Goose Creek we found the enemy's skirmishers strongly posted on 
the opposite bank, behind stone wails and other protection. Captain Fuller sent for a 
company of cavalry to ciiaige the position, but they were driven back with stnue loss and 
colli ut'ion. Captain Fuller then charged the bridge and position with his company, cap- 
lurnig four prisoners and killing three, besides wounding some that made their esca[)e; a 
little tarther on capturing two more with two wounded ollicers. Captain T. J. Gordon, 
Company 13, and Lieut»!jiant Pet«'r H. Thorp, Compiiny H, 13th Virginia Cavalry, and two 
atU'ndants, privates of same regiment. Company 11 was here reneved by company G, 
L.i-.itenant Eddy, being out of aiumumtiou. i special credit is due to the sharpshooters' 
company attached to the regiment. Their fire was murderously accurate, killing and 
uounding a great many. The lirst oHicer killed by them was a Captain J. W. Houston, 
ist Nortii Carolina Cavalry, a member of the North Carolina legislature, the regular nomi- 
nee for tne Confederate congress trom his district, and a prominent politiciau. The 
company only ceased to be eifective wht-n its ammunition was gone. 

■ the regiment advanced to within a mile of Upperville with skirmishers deployed, 
.Mien lliey were withdrifwn and joined the regiment. It was then ordered to bo ready to 
-upport a battery now stanihng 111 column. This ended the active operations of the day 
a- lar as we were engaged and about si.k o'clock were ordered to tlie rear, about throe 
unles from Uppervhle, into bivouac, returning to camp on the afternoon of the "/".iil. 

■"In dnecLing my line of skirmisliers AUjuumt K. W. Jacklui wua of great assistance, 
and displayed inarki'd ability and bravery. Captain Fuller is deserving of much praise lor 
iliti gahant manner m which he conducted the skirmish line and pushed the enemy at 
every point where ho could reach them. Every olliccr I had did his duty well." 



364 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

Colonel Strong Vincent, 83d Pennsylvania, then commanding the 3d bri- 
gade, says in a report to the division commander: 

" I have the honor to report that, in obedience to orders from the general commanding 
the division, I moved to Middleburg during the morning of Sunday, and at 7 A. M., under 
the direction of General Pleasanton, commanding the expedition, tooit the position on the 
left of the cavalry of General Gregg's column, on the Ashby Gap road. 

" The dismounted men of the enemy were in position on the south side of the road, 
behind a series of stone walls running at right angles with it, the cavalry in the fields, 
and a batteiy of six guns placed near the road on the left. A belt of woods, some 200 
yards, marked their position. 

" Under orders from General Pleasanton to advance at least one regiment of infantry, 
I directed Lieutenant Colonel Welch, commanding 16th Michigan, to push his regiment 
forward and dislodge their carbineers. 

" At the farther end of the woods his skirmishers opened fire briskly. 

"Again General Pleasanton directed the infantry to advance in greater force, and I 
sent in the 44th New York, Colonel Rice commanding, and the 20th Maine, Lieutenant 
Colonel Connor commanding (Lieutenant Colonel Chamberlain and Major Gilmore being 
absent, sick), with directions to press the enemy hard and lo pick off the gunners from 
his battery. At the same time I directed Captain Woodward, commanding 83d Pennsyl- 
vania, to move rapidly through the woods to our left, keeping his force concealed, and the 
instant he had passed the stone wall to emerge and take the enemy in flank and rear. 
The movement was entirely successful. Finding their position turned, the enemy tied in 
confusion, and the lOth Michigan, under the lead of Lieutenant Colonel Welch, advanced 
at the double quick on the right, and gallantly compelled them to abandon one piece of 
their battery— a fine Blakely gun. 

"Moving in conjunction with the cavalry, we drove them from this position to other 
stone walls immediately in rear, dislodging them at each attack, until we pushed them 
across Crummel's Run. Here they made a sharp resistance, and opened an artillery fire, 
from which we suffered. Our artillery responded to tnem, and here, as throughout the 
day, abundantly evinced our superiority. 

"Fording the stream, my skirmishers, in conjunction with those of the cavalry, soon 
flanked their stone wall line again and had them on the run. Thus the fight continued 
with the same tactics on the part of the enemy, the same orders from General Pleasanton 
to dislodge them, and the same success in driving them for a distance of nearly four miles. 
At Goose Creek they again took advantage of a stone wall commanding the defile and 
bridge through which we must pass, and opened a vofiey on the head of a column of 
cavalry just preparing to charge, 

" Under directions from General Pleasanton to clear the position, I ordered the 83d 
Pennsylvania to carry the bridge on the run, and the skirmishers of my entire line to ford 
the stream and turn the enemy's flank. The skirmishers of the 83d Pennsylvania pushed 
into the stream, and the fine of the 16th Michigan, led by Captain Fuller, gallantly rushed 
over the bridge and up to the stone wall under a severe fire, dislodging the enemy, and 
caj)turhig a number of prisoners, officers and men. The enemy fled in confusion, followed 
by our cavalry, who drove them repeatedly from one position to another from this point 
into and beyond Upperville. The charges of the cavalry, a sight I had never before v^-it- 
nessed, was truly inspiriting, and the triumphant strains of the bands as squadron after 
squadron hurled the enemy in his flight up tlie hills and towards the Gap gave us a feel- 
ing of regret that we, too, were not mounted and could not join in the chase. As fast as the 
tired condition of my men would permit, we proceeded to U[»perville and took position, 
under General Pleasanton's directions, in support of the artillery until 6 P. M., when we 
were relieved by Colonel Tilton, commanding 1st brigade. 

"General Pleasanton then left it to my choice whether I should return to Middleburg 
that night or camp at a prudent distance in rear of Upperville. I determined upon the 
latter course, and at noon of Monday reported with my command to the general coin- 
mancHng at Middleburg. 

" Among the casualties, 1 regret to say, is Captain Mott, of the 16th Michigiin, who waa 
severely if not fatally wounded in the gallant charge of that regiment upon the battery, ' 

A special correspondent of the New York Herald says: 

"General Meade has highly complimented Colonel Vincent's brigade for the handsome 
and gallant manner in which the troops deported themselves in the recent reconnoissance 
to Ahhby's Gap. Not a saber was drawn by the cavaky until arriving four miles beyond 
Middleburg. The infantry dislodged the enemy fiom behind stone wall fences, drove 
them from the bridge orussiug Goose Creek, and captured the Blakely gun. As far as 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 365 

Upperville our infantiy led the cavaliy, when, exhausted after their thirteen miles' march, 
much of it on double quick, and being out of ammunition, the cavalry were obliged to lend 
a iielping hand. 

" A company of the 4th cavalry attempted to take the bridge referred to, but a volley 
from the enemy sent them back in confusion. 

" ' Give me the horses to mount twenty-five men and I'll take the bridge,' said Captain 
Fuller of Michigan (16th Michigan). 

" ' Can't do it,' was the response he received. 

" 'Then I'll take the bridge any way,' he replied; and he did take it, killing three men 
. n 1 capturing nine prisoners. Lieutenant Colonel Welch was among the fust to reach 
uio enemy's battery, when his men seized the Blakely gun. He was recklessly bravo 
throughout. 

" When Colonel Vincent gave the order to charge on the battery it was not in precise 
military phrase, but ' stop that damned battery howUng,' — an order of such terse mean- 
ing and intelligibility as to be looked for from such a man. " 

The 16tli, in command of Colonel Welch, who had been promoted to the 
colonelcy, to rank from May 18th, vice Stockton, resigned, now entered upon 
the Pennsylvania campaign, and by a series of forced marches, with its brigade 
and division reached Gettysburg on July 1st, and on the 2d, 3d, and 4th par- 
ticipated in that great engagement in which the 5th corps took so prominent a 
part, the regiment losing Lieutenants Butler, Brown, William H. Borden, and 
Wallace Jewett and twenty-one men killed, with thirty-four wounded and two 
missing. 

*' On to the Bound Top! cried Sykes to his men; 
On to the Kound Top! was echoed again; 
On to the Kound Top!' said noble Steve Weed; 
Now comes the hour for Southron to bleed." 

In the struggle for the possession of Little Round Top Vincent's brigade 
became heavily engaged. It was composed of the 16th Michigan, 44th New 
York, 83(1 Pennsylvania, and 20th Maine. The importance of securing a posi- 
tion on this hill was evident to commanders in both armies, and several com- 
mands had been ordered forward to take possession and hold it, when soon a 
severe struggle ensued, Vincent's brigade with Hazlett's battery, with the 
100th Ohio and 40th New York supporting, rushed to the peak of the hill. The 
rugged, rocky face of the eminence rendered the advance of artillery almost 
iuipiacticable, but by an almost superhuman effort the cannon were 
dragged up by hand and hurriedly placed in battery behind breastworks of 
stones thrown together on the spur of the moment, affording but a feeble and 
unreliable defense. The possession of this point was taken in the very nick 
of time, for Hood's Texans were then climbing up its craggy sides, hand over 
hand as it were, clutching rocks and roots, forcing their way upward against 
showers of leaden bullets and bristling bayonets. It was a deadly strife, with 
hand to hand encounters, clashing bayonets, clubbed nauskets, and rough 
stones dug in desperation from the face of the rough hillside. This almost 
unparalleled struggle was heroically ended by a gallant charge of the Union 
trooits which swept the rebels from the hill, and Round Top was saved. 

From the "American Conflict" is taken the following: 

" Sickle's new position was commanded by the rebel batteries posted on Seminary 
ridge in his front, scarcely half a mile distant, while magnificent lines of battle, a mile 
and a half long swept up to his front and Uanks, crushing him back with heavy loss, and 
stiuggling desperately to seize Round Top at his left. Mead regarded this hill as vital to 
the maintenance of our position, and had already ordered Sikes to advance the 5th corps 
with all possible haste to save and hold it. A fierce and bloody struggle ensued, for the 
enemy had nearly carried the hiU before Sikes reached it, while Humphreys, who, with 



366 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

one of Sikes's divisions, had been posted In the morning on Sicliles's right, was in turn 
assailed in front and flanli and driven baclc with a loss of 2,000 out of 5,000 men. 

The fighting at this point was of a most terrific and bloody character, in 
which the 16th had a full share. 

A special correspondent of the New York Tribune mentions the brigade as 
follows : 

" While this main battle, involving two-thirds of both armies, had for its object the pos- 
session of Sickles's false line, an episodical combat had taken place upon the scylhe-han- 
dle itself, more limited but more furious. When, at the beginning of the fight, the Texan 
line overlapped the left of Sickles's, and burst across the Devil's Den, there were no Union 
soldiers on either of the Round Tops, only a group of signal-men and General Warren, 
the Chief Engineer, on the Smaller Knob. The rebel column looked up amazed. No 
troops peered over to oppose them. Lonely and frightened, the little bunch of signal- 
men flung their mysterious messages through the blue air. But the natural grimness of 
the gnarled mountain seemed of itself to uitiniidate the arrested Texans. Like a fortress 
dismantled it rose, piled high with natural masonries, and on its granite ramparts oaks of 
a hundred years waved darkly. The signal colors were no more than tulips, as they blew 
to and fro on its deserted profile. Its flanks were wild ravines, like the lairs of satyrs and 
goblins. Before this northern hill the tangle-haired Texans shrank an instant, loolcing up 
through powdery countenances. Then, with a yell, they moved up among the bowlders 
and quarries, threw their sharpshooters into shelves of outcropping shale and hollow 
rhomboids of gneiss and green stone, and at the crest of Little liound Top, theii- artillery, 
far behind, hailed showers of shell and ball. 

" It was a te;^'ribie instant. With the Round Top lost, the Union position would be a 
scythe without a handle, a man one-armed and one-footed; the destruction of the whole 
army was positive. Already the signal flags were folded; the signal men were retreating. 

" ' Stay!' cried Warren, 'you are the aimy now. Wave your flags, as if they stood m 
line of battle, and you ten were ten thousand.' 

" They shook down defiances — that handful of impotent telegraphers — and raised a cheer 
out of their forlornness that was like a dying comedian's laugh. 

"For a moment the Texans wavered; they closed up column and advanced more slowly, 
anticipating a desperate defense. 

"Just then music burst through one of the gorges, and the tread of men came in fiora 
the rear. They wore blue uniforms. They were marching to the peach orchard to rein- 
force Birney. Warren galloped down, his dark Indian face almost bloodless. 'I aiu.'^t 
have a brigade,' he said. ' I take the responsibility of detaching you. General Vincent! 
Out yonder we may be repulsed; here we should be destroyed.' 

"The brigade of Vincent faced left and ran up the hill with a will. The plain, morass 
gorge, and farther woodside as they looked over, was full of advancing, deploying, flank- 
ing columns of gray. A huzza they flung over their bristling bayonets as they boldly 
advanced down the declivity, and sinmltaneous volleys poured upward and downward. 
Hazlitt, the gunner, came also at Wanen's command. His battery would not budge on 
the rock-strewn hight. The horses could not keep their balance up the almost veitical 
places, with the dead weight of 30-pounders below them. Pioneers with frenzied blows 
leveled the oak trees; they charged the bowlders and blew them to pieces; they made a 
roadway as speedily as a housewife sweeps a stair. Then to every gun hues of men put 
their sinews and shoulders. Lever and shovel cleared the path. A Hying battery indeed, 
it went hawking into the clouds, and when it screamed from its eyrie, the Une of battle 
flags waved like the pinions of its young. Warren was away for reinforcements. Vincent 
bhouted, 'Aim, men! Wo must hold fast here though wo all perish.' 

" 'Aye! Aye!' came in the niche between the volleys. 

"Now the strong mountain groaned to see the blood they spilt down his face. He grew 
into a volcano, palpitating, smoking, running over with Are. Great seams of blaze zig- 
zagged down his cheeks. His eyes were shot through with shells. Into the oaken tan- 
gles of his hair men climbed like battle-panthers, and, mortally shot in their perch, s, 
leaped out with a yell of rage. 

"Steadily, deadly, murderously, the Texans, column after colunm, wound up the 
ledges. Vincent's ammunition was failing. His men robbtnl the cartridge boxes of their 
slaui comrades. They rolled the boulders down, and half way to the base stabbed and 
parried with cold steel. Side swords were crossed. Heads opened to scabbard cuts. 
The devilish things that were done half way to heaven on that scarred knob will haunt It 
a thousand years. The hot battery quaked over all through its natural granite embras- 
ures. Line after line driven biick, now columns of yelling savages leaped upward. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 367 

"Men of Maine, Michiganders, New Yorkers, Pennsylvanians hurled them back. From 
a series of charges the enemy's attack resolved into a volleying rest, lying upon their 
faces. A cry ran through the Union line almost plaintive in its poverty: 

" ' The ammunition Is out.' 

" Tlien said young Chamberlain, of Maine, a boy-faced college professor: 

" ' Men! our only hope is in the steel; charge with me!' 

" Like the swooping out of the clouds of a tlock of blackbirds, gold-daggered, upon the 
files of com, tlie lumbermen and watermen of Maine wiiistled down the precipices, the 
rebel lines were swallowed, as if the ground had opened, into the gorges behind the 
Devil's Den, and Round Top was saved to the Union, of which it became the keystone, 
indeed, on this decisive day of blood. 

" Standing now on Round Top, who can revive all the strong or beautiful episodes that 
were written on the scorehetl parchment of this landscape; the tenderness, the 
atrocities, the forgivenesses, the lonely agonies, the crying on deaf men to help and blind 
men to iiave mercy. A hundred and titty thousand fighting men represent the population 
of the greatest city. Set this city alire, loosen the jails and dens of it, make fiends howl 
in the llames lor lust or iiy in despair, send charity and heroism upon bold and noble 
errands, and you have superficial battle. What noble hearts ceased to beat at Gettys- 
burg and got no fame; what awful crunes were committed and got no infamy. Dropped 
i'lto the century and the republic, the good and the evil that fell that day were but as the 
poisons and the sweets that ripen in the purple apple." 

July 6th the regiment engaged in the pursuit of the enemy, arriving at Wil- 
liamsporc, Md., ou the 11th. It crossed the Potomac at Berlin on the 17th, 
and on the '^Sd was at the battle of Wapping Heights, though not actually 
engaged. Participating in the movements of the army in October, on the 
lOih It crossed the Ka[)pahatinock, recrossed on the 11th, and as skirmishers 
advanced to Brandy ileights, but did not become engaged. Falling back with 
tlie army, ou the 2'6d it marclied to Auburn, where it remained until Novem- 
ber 1st. The total number of miles marche<l by this regiment, from station 
to station, between November 1st, 1862, and November 1st, 1863, exclusive of 
marches ou picket duty and reconnoissances of minor importance, was eight 
hundred. 

The 16th remained in camp near Three Mile Station, on the Orange and 
Alexander railroad, until the 7th of November, when it again moved forward 
With liie army. During the movement to the Rappahannock the regiment, in 
command of Major Elliott, participated in the capture of the enemy's works 
on the lel't bank of that stream, losing three in wounded. 

A correspondent says: 

" In the engagement of the 5th and 6th corps at Kelly's Ford, the regiment, with its 
brigade, in wliicii was the 1st and 4tli Michigan, took a part. "While tiie affair was in 
progress, a portion of tlie reginjcnt, in conimand of Captain Hill, saw that a favorable 
monieiit liad arrived for a charge upon a t'ortilied point in its front, iiut he was without 
orders, and to attempt it under such circumstances was luizardous, and what was sliii 
more serious his men were nearly, without ammunition. Eut still the favorable moment 
was not to be lost, an<! he, determined to trust to the cold steel and bravery of his men, 
ordered an advance. The men 'charged with a yell,' and some of them with such a yell 
as only Wolverines could give. 

"Hearing tliis, the batteries ceased firing, and the contest became purely a hand-to- 
hand light. The brave men of the 6th corps, who had advanced on the right, easily 
scaled the works at that point, and had scarcely entered before the skirmishers of the ot'h 
Corps as bravely entered on the left. Our men once in the ioit, the contest was soou 
over. The enemy broke and fied in all directions by which they could reach the river, 
firing random shots as they went, which took efi"ect alike on friend and foe. ilany 
plunged into tlie water and were shot while attempting to cross to the south bank of the 
river. Others, upon reaching the river, threw down their arms and surrendered. 

" The loss of the 16th was only tliree wounded; the let and 4th suffered no loss." 

It subsequently encamped at Kelly's Ford, where it remained until the 2Gth 
November when, in conimand of Colonel Welch, it participated in the move- 



368 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

ment across the Eapidan to Mine Eun, serving as guard to the wagon train. 
On the 1st of December it recrossed the Kappahannock, and on the 2d went 
into camp. Having reenlisted 294, the regiment was again mustered into ser- 
vice on the 24th of December, and on the 2d of January, 1864, it started for 
Michigan, arriving at Detroit on the 9th. It was here furloughed for 3T) days. 
On the 9ih of February the regiment reported at the rendezvous at Saginaw 
Citv, and on the 17th left for the Army of the Potomac, being assigned to the 
same brigade, division, and corps, and in which it served during the entire 
war. It went into winter quarters near Bealton Station, where it remained 
until the 1st of May, when it marched to Brandy Station. Engaging in the 
campaign of this year, on the 4th the regiment, in command of Major E. T. 
Elliott, crossed the Eapidan at Germania Ford. On the 5th it was detailed to 
guard the wagon train at Wyckolf Ford. On the 6th and 7th the regiment 
participated in the battle of the Wilderness, without loss on the 6th, but on 
the second day losing 35 in killed and wounded. On the morning of the 8th 
the regiment proceeded by a forced march to Spottsylvania C. H. During the 
evening of the 8th, while attempting to cross an almost impassable swamp, a 
portion of the regiment was attacked, the enemy making an attempt to cap- 
ture that portion engaged, but the rebels were thrown into confusion by its fire, 
during which a charge was made and a rebel colonel and a large number of 
men were taken prisoners. The loss to the regiment was small, and was 
mainly in prisoners, who were subsequently recaptured by our cavalry. It was 
engaged at Po river on the 10th and at Spottsylvania on the 18th. The regi- 
ment remained in the neighborhood of the Spottsylvania 0. H. until the 21st, 
when it moved with its corps toward the North Anna river. On the morning 
of the 22d, while acting as advance guard for its corps, the regiment encoun- 
tered the rear guard of the enemy near Polecat creek. Four companies were 
deployed as skirmers, who, advancing, drove the enemy from their position 
and captured a large number of prisoners. On the 23d it forded the North 
Anna river. The enemy having attacked and caused a portion of the line to 
retire the 16th with other forces were ordered to regain possession of the 
ground. Tlie movement, although made under a very heavy fire, was success- 
ful, the enemy being driven back with great loss. On the 24th the regiment 
moved to a point on the Virginia Central railroad, and on the 25th to near 
Little river. Eecrossiug tlie North Anna on the 26th and 27th, it proceeded 
by forced marches toward the Pamunky river, which it crossed at Hanover- 
town on the morning of the 28Lh, and went into line of battle on the South 
Creek, throwing up a line of breastworks. On the following morning the 
regiment moved to near Tolopotomy Creek. On the 30th it again moved for- 
ward. During the afternoon, the army having become engaged, the regiment 
was ordered into position on the left of the line. Though exposed in an open 
field to a raking fire, the men stood their ground with great pertinacity, pro- 
tecting themselves by throwing up earthworks with their hands, bayonets, and 
tin plates. Major Eobert T. Elliott, while leading the regiment, was here 
killed, when Captain Geo. H. Swan assumed command. Tiie enemy was 
finally driven back and tlie regiment held the ground during the night. 
Eeportof Colonel N. E. Welch: 

" The regiment formed line under a heavy fire and threw out skirmishers exposed in an 
open field to a destructive, raking fire. The men stood their ground with great coolness, 
and protected themselves by heaping up earth with their hands, bayonets, and plates. 
Hero it was that the bravo Major li. T. Elliott was struck down while engaged in disposing 
his men for greater safety." 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 369 

On May 3d, 1864, a company of sharpshooters was nuistercd into the service 
at Detroit under Captain Geoige Jardine, which was designated ami assigned 
to the 16th as the second conij)any of sharpshooters of that regiment. 

On the 1st of June following the 16th drove the enemy from the rifle pits 
which it succeeded in holding against all efforts to retake them. On the 2d, 
3d, and 4th, the regiment was engaged near the vicinity of Bethesda Church. 
On the 5th it moved to near Cold Harbor, and on the 6th to Dispatch Station. 
June loth, while in command of Captain Guy W. Fuller, it crossed the Chick- 
ahominy at Long Bridge, en route for the James river, which it crossed on the 
i6th, arriving in front of Petersburg on the following day. From this time 
to the 15th of August, when it was placed in reserve, the regiment, being again 
in command of Colonel Welch, was employed in the trenches in front of 
Petersburg. It participated in the movement on the 18th of August on the 
Weldon railroad, and remained in this vicinity, constructing and occupying a 
portion of the line of defenses. 

From the Ked Book of Michigan: 

" At Peeble's Farm, or Poplar Grove Church, the regiment also became most sisrnally 
distinguished. At 3 o'clock A. M., September 30, the 5th corps moved lo the left until it 
reached near an old church in the woods, where sharp skirmishing began. The 3d brigade 
was got into Une for a charge — the 83d Pennsylvania, temporarily in command of Major- 
B. F. Partridge, of the 16th Michigan; 32d Massachusetts, commanded by Colonel 
Edmunds, and the 16th Michigan, commanded by the lamented Welch, advancing on the 
works on Peeble's Farm, the 16th Michigan having the center, striking the angle of the 
fort first, cUmbuig the works, and engaging the enemy in a hand to hand fight for some 
time, while the other regiments came in on the right and left, and thus carried the works, 
taking all the rebels who defended them and capturing the guns, but losing in the 16th 
Michigan 10 killed and 42 wounded, including the commander. Colonel Welch, who was 
instantly killed while going over the enemy's works, sword in hand, leading on his regi- 
ment in that dashing charge. 

" ^lajor Partridge received a bullet through his neck and two other wounds while gal- 
lantly leading the b3d Pennsylvania to the attack on the works." 

The loss of the 16th in this affair was 10 killed and 43 wounded. 
Following the death of Colonel Welch Major Partridge assumed command 
of the regiment, retaining it until the muster out of service. 
A correspondent writes as follows: 

" ' A more magnificent charge was never made by any corps in any war,' said General 
Wan-en, speaking of the charge made to-day by General Griffin's division upon a redoubt 
and line of formidable breastworks fronting upon our headquarters. The place is called 
Peeble's Farm, from this being the name of the owner and late occupant of a large 
deserted house near by, five miles from Petersburg and about the same distance from the 
Danville railroad. ' Was it not a splendid charge? ' I have heard scores ask. The natural 
tendency of General Warren to speak in terms of glowing exultation of the brilliant and 
daring achievements of his troops, or any portion of them, cannot in this case be set down 
as exaggeration. Every one who saw the charge, or who has expressed an opinion on it, 
— and there are none who have not passed an opinion, — speak in the highest terms of the 
dash, courage, and impetuosity of the men engaged. There were two charges made, and 
subsequently some lighting. I will recite the events in the order of their occurrence. 
The story is not lengthy, for in each case the rout was short and decisive. 

"At 9 A. M. the 1st and 2d divisions of the corps. Colonel Hoffman's brigade of the 
3d division, and several batteries took >ip their line of march. The other troops of Gen- 
I ral Crawford's division and most of the corps batteries, together with a division of tiie 
'.lib corps, remained to hold the works and forts at our old position, the latter troops, as 
well as the batteries, being under General Crawford's command. Arriving at the edge of 
a piece of woods, fronting whicli was an open space, beyond Peeble's house was seen a 
redoubt and a line of the enemy's entrenchments. The enemy's pickets, meantime, had 
fallen back before our advancing column to the redoubt. The enemy opened willi six 
pieces of artillery. To this redoubt and the earthworks in the distance was not over 600 
yards, and a Une of battle was formed. 

■17 



k 



370 ' MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

"It was determined to charge this redoubt and the works. The charge wap made 
solely by General Griffin's division. General Ayres's division was on the right of General 
Griffin's, and Colonel Hoffman's brigade on the right of the former division; but the latter 
troops did not charge. The 18th Massachusetts battalion, Captain Bert commanding, 
was first sent forward as sliirmishers, but found too weak, and was subsequently 
strengthened by the 155th Pennsylvania, Colonel Rinson, and the 1st Michigan, Major 
Hopper commanding. The order being given to charge, the skirmish battle lines soon 
advanced aci-oss the open ground. The charging column pressed steadily, earnestly, 
persistently forward. Eebel shell and bullets had no dismaying effect. 

" ' A commission to him who first mounts the parapet of that redoubt,' shouted Colonel 
Welch, of the 16th Michigan, to his men. ' Follow me!' He led his regiment. He was 
the first to mount the parapet, when he waved his sword. In an instant a rebel bullet 
penetrated his brain, and he lay dead. The men followed simultaneously and movmted 
the works at different points, the colors of some half dozen regiments floating tri- 
umphantly where a few moments before rebel colors had flaunted their traitorous folds to 
the breeze. It is no wonder that there should' be different claimants for the honor of 
being the first to plant the Stars and Stripes on the works! All behaved magnificently, 
and all are deserving of life and honor. Nearly one hundred prisonei'S were captured, 
and one cannon. The enemy got off his remaining guns, but not all his horses. 

" 'We have taken the enemy's first line of works; can you take the second?' shouted 
General Griffin. ' Yes, yes,' was the responsive shout from a thousand throats, and they 
did take the second line, as bravely as they took the first. In the second line was a second 
redoubt. Brave heroes had fallen, but a splendid victory, a double victory, had been 
won. It was all the work of a few minutes, a work requiring less time than I have taken 
to write it. The second line was on the farther edge of the open field, and beyond were 
woods. Through the latter woods the beaten enemy fled in haste. Two brigades 
of Heth's division were in the force opposing us. No artillery was used on our side. 
Both lines of earthworks were very strong, and the redoubts were substantially put up. 
The 9th corps troops were shortly after placed in front of the 5th corps. 

"Desultoiy firing was kept up between the opposing pickets until about 5 P. M,, when 
the enemy charged on the 9th corps, causing them to fall back in confusion. Quickly the 
5th corps rushed to the rescue of the 9th, and sent the enemy back beyond the ground 
he had recovered. Night and darkness and rain ended the day's conflict. But it has 
been a day of splendid successes, and our troops — as well they may be — are jubilant over 
their victory. 

"Major Partridge, 16th Michigan, but commanding the 83d Pennsylvania, had an 
exceedingly narrow escape. He was hit on the chin by a minie ball, which struck the 
neck, just glancing the jugular vein, and then entering the shoulder and passing out at 
the back. 

" There is deep and universal regret at the loss of Colonel Welch. A more popular and 
vigilant officer was not in the division. Not twenty-seven years of age, a most promising 
career in the future seemed opening before him. He came out as major of the regiment. 
Impulsive, patriotic, and fearless, he was brave to rashness, and this was his great and 
only fault. After completing his education he became a student at law, which profession 
he had just entered upon with the most brilliant prospects of success before him, when, 
like thousands of the brilliant young men of our country, he entered the army to fight in 
defense of his country. At one time he was private secretary to Lewis Cass. His body 
will be embalmed and sent home. Captain Finley, commissary, his classmate and fellow- 
townsman, will convey his remains to his friends in Michigan." 

On the 27th of October, 1864, the regiment took part in the movement on 
the Boydton Phmk road, but did not become actively engaged. On the 28th 
it constituted a portion of the rear guard in the retrograde movement to the 
position near Poplar Grove Church, near which point it was encamped on the 
31st of October. 

During the month of November the regiment lay in the trenches near that 
place, and in December accompanied its corps on tlie raid to Belltield, where 
it assisted in destroying about sixteen miles of railroad. It was in the trenches 
before Petersburg during tlie month of January, 1865, and on February Gth 
and 7th, while in command of Colonel Partridge, was engaged with the enemy 
at the battle of Dabniy's Mills, or Hatcher's Run, wiiere it lost heavily, on 
March 25Lh at Hatcher's Jiun, at White Oak Swamp on the 29th, at Quaker 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 371 

Road on the Slst, and at Five Forks on Ai)ril 1st, and following Lee's army 
until its surrender; on the oth it was engaged with the enemy at Amelia Court 
House, on the 6th at High Bridge, at Appomattox Court House on the 9th, 
and after the surrender it marched to Sutherland's Station, where it was 
located during the remainder of the month. In May the regiment marched to 
Washington, D. C, arriving there on the 12th, where, on the ii3d, it p.atici- 
pated in the grand review of the army of the Potomac, lunnaining in camp 
near Washington until June 16th, it was ordered to Louisville, Ky., where it 
arrived on the 21st, crossing the river to Jelfersonville, Indiana, and was there 
muslered out of service July 8th, and left on the 10th, in command of 
Colonel Partridge, for Michigan, arriving on the 12th at Jackson, and on the 
2bth was paid oil and disbanded. 

The regiment while in service took part in engagements at siege of York- 
town, Va., April 4 to May 4, 1862; Hanover Court House, Va., May 27, 1862; 
Mechanicsville, Va., June 26, 1862; Gaines's Mills, Va., June 27, 1862; 
White Oak Swamp, Va., June 30, 1862; Turkey Bend, Va., June 30, 1862; 
Malvern Hill, Va., July 1, 1862; Harrison's Landing, Va., July 2, 1862 ; Ely's 
Ford, Va., August 29, 1862 ; Bull Run, 2d, Va., August 30, 1862 ; Antietam, Md., 
September 17, 1862; Shepardstown Ford, Va., September 19, 1862; Snicker's 
Oap, Va., November 4, 1862; Fredericksburg, Va., December 13, 1862; U. 
S. Ford, Va., January 1, 1863; Chancellorsville, Va., April 30, May 2 to 5, 
1863; Middleburg, Va., June 21, 1863; Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 2, and 3, 
1863; Williamsport, Md., July 12, 1863; Wapping Heights, Va., July 21, 22, 
1863; Culpepper, Va., October 12, 13, 1863; Brandy Station, Va., October 
13, 1863; Bristo Station, Va., October 14, 1863; Rappahannock Station, Va., 
November 7, 1863; Cross Roads, Va., November 26, 1863; Mine Run, Va., 
November 26,27, and 29, 1S63; Wilderness, Va., May 5 to 7, 1864; Laurel 
Hill, Va., May 8, 1864; Po River, Va., May 10, 1864; Spottsylvania, Va., 
May 18, 1864; Ny River, Va., May 21, 1864; North Anna, Va., May 23, 
1864; Noel's Turn, Va., May 26, 1864; Hanover, Va., May 29, 1864; Tolo- 
potomy, Va., May 30, 1864; Magnolia Swamp, Va., June 1, 1864; Bethesda 
Cliurch, Va., June 2, 3, and 4, 1864; Cold Harbor, Va., June 7, 1864; Gaines's 
Creek, Va., June 5, 1864; Petersburg, Va., June 18, 1864; Petersburg and 
Norfolk railroad, July 30, 1864; Weldon railroad, Va., August 19, 20, and 21, 
1864; Peeble'8 Farm, Va., September 30, 1864; Hatcher's Run, Va., October 
27, 1864; Dabney's Mills, or Hatcher's Run, Va., February 6 and 7, 1865; 
Hatcher's Run, Va., March 25, 1865; White Oak Road, Va., March 29, 1865; 
Quaker Road, Va., March 31, 1865; Five Forks, Va., April 1, 1865; Amelia 
Court House, Va., April 5, 1865 ; High Bridge, Va., April 6, 1865 ; Apj)omattox 
Court House, Va., April 9, 1865; siege of Petersburg, Va., fiom June 17, 
1864, to April 3, 1865. 

Tlie regiment had borne on the rolls 2,318 officers and men, losing 343. 
Killed in action, 10 officers and 155 men; died of wounds, 2 officers and 48 
men; of disease, 128 men. 

" The blended rago of shot and shell, 
Thouf^h from the blackened portals torn, 
Has not such havoc bought a name 
Immortal on the rolls of fame?" 

Notes.— At the second battle of Bull Run the IGth was heavily engaged and exposed to 
a severe fire of shell and solid shot. In the afternoon it charged on a rebel battery, In 
face of volleys of musketry and artillery lire of gx-ape and canister. The inlautry of 



I 



372 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

the enemy being protected by a railroad embanliment, it was found impossible to dislodge 
them, and a retreat became necessary. Under this fire many officers and men had been 
killed or wounded, and several color-bearers had been shot down. The regiment was 
being closely pressed by the enemy, and the regimental colors much in danger. At one 
time, when a color-bearer had been shot down, and the color falling to the ground, Cap- 
tain Stephen Martin, at great risk, took possession of it and placed it in the hands of 
another bearer, with instructions to save them at the risk of his life. 

The retreat was continued, a heavy force of the enemy following and deUvering a mur- 
derous fire, especially directed on the color; the attention of Captain Martin was again 
directed to its safety, and under a shower of rifle bullets he, with the color-bearer, suc- 
ceeded in placing the flag beyond the reach of danger. 

The saving of this flag by Captain Martin was acknowledged by Colonel Welch, com- 
manding the regiment, in a complimentary letter, and he was entrusted with its delivery 
to the Governor of the State. 

A Pkison in Eichmond, Va., ) 
August 2d, 1862. ) 

General Jno. Robertson, Adjutant General, State of Michigan. 

Genekaii, — Lest you have not received the few hues that I wrote you soon after my 
capture, on June 27th, I send this to report that after that bloody fight in which we were 
defeated, I was taken prisoner, and have been here ever since, with some 120 other 
officers. 

I have not received any ofBcial information from my regiment since, and cannot, there- 
fore, make any report of the actual loss since the 27th, nor even a full one of that. I had 
been on the sick list for over a week before the battle, and only took command of my 
regiment after it got on the field. Captain Case was kiUed, Lieutenant Wilhams mortally 
wounded. Lieutenant McGraw lost a leg and died in hospital. Captains Mott and Fisher 
wounded and taken prisoners; they are here with me, and well. Captain Myers and 
Lieutenants Eddy and Chandler were wounded and got off. 

There are about one hundred of my men prisoners here, some forty of them wounded. 
A few of them have died. Probably in killed, wounded, and prisoners my regiment lost 
over 200. 

The regiment was in the battle of Malvern Hill on the 30th of June, and I hear suffered 
again, but I have no certain information. As the cartel for a general exchange has been 
made, and nearly all of the wounded gone, the officers hope to follow very soon. As 
soon as that is done I will send you a full report, with names for promotion. 
Very respectfully, your most obedient servant, 

T. B. W. STOCKTON, 
Colonel 16th Michigan Infantry. 

At the battle of Fredericksburg, after fighting all day and part of tJ*^ night, a Michigan 
regiment lay down on their arms and were soon asleep. Their ammunition wagon coming 
up late, the mules hungry and thirsty, being halted near the sleepmg place of the colonel, 
gave several of their pecuhar howls, which suddenly awoke the colonel, who, much pro- 
voked at being thus so unceremoniously disturbed, and in his bewildered condition think- 
ing that the noise was made by the musicians of the regiment at band practice, called to 
his adjutant, saying, "Put these devilish buglers under arrest and send them to the 
rear; they will jeopardize the safety of the whole army." 

John Steele, a private in Company K, 16th Michigan, having his right arm shot off at 
Middloburg, CapLain Hill said to him a few minutes after: "John, you cannot carry a 
musk(!t any more." John rephed with tears in his eyes: "No, Captain, but I can carry 
the colors can't I? " 

While the 16th Michigan was engaged at Cold Harbor a Maryland regiment broke while 
under lire, and when falling back was checked and held by the IGth. The colonel of the 
reganent struggled to rally it, but without success, when he hurriedly advanced to Col- 
onial Partridge, and with tears streaming down his manly face, exclaimed: "Colonel, 
would to God that I commanded a Michigan regiment! " He had hardly said these words 
when a riUo bullet passed through his body, kilUng him instantly. 

The following anecdote is told with all due respect to the cause therein alluded to. and 
also for the colonel and chaplain referred to, and is only recited as an extreme example of 
how tenacious and jealous commanders of regiments become of the standing of their 
commands. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 373 

One of the Michigan roffiments in the Army of the Potomac was brigaded -with a Penn- 
sylvania regiment into which their chaplain had mlused considerable of religious feeling. 
Several had been baptized; this feeling also prevailed to some extent in other regi- 
ments of the brigade, but had not taken effect in the Michigan regiment. The chaplain 
referred to, having the welfare of the Michigan regiment at heart, conceived the idea of 
calling on the colonel, a soldier from his youth and every inch a man, gruff but brave, not 
sudden and quick in quarrel, nor full of strange oaths, but bearded, Uke the Pard; gain- 
ine: reputation even in the cannon's mouth. Consequently the chaplain waited upon him, 
calling at his tent and finding him, stated that several members of other regiments of the 
brigade had recently experienced religion, and in his own regiment he had baptized fifteen 
the previous day; remarking also that he was very desirous of a like result in the Mich- 
igan regiment, but unless the Colonel made some effort in that direction the regiment 
would be left behind in the matter. The colonel, a little nettled at what he considered 
over-zeal of the chaplain, and especially at the idea of having his regiment suspected 
even of being slow or behind in any respect, started to his feet, called the sergeant major, 
and hurriedly said: "Give my compliments to the adjutant and direct him to detail 
immediately with orders to report to the chaplain here, twenty men for baptism; my reg- 
iment shall not be beat in any uay by any regiment in the brigade." The chaplain gave 
h'm one serious look and left quick. 



SEVENTEENTH REGIMENT INFANTRY, 



" Then up with the banner, let Southern breezes fan her, 
It shall float o'er Columbia for ever more, 
In glory we'll sustain her, in battle defend her, 
With heart and with hand like our fathers before." 

The 17th Infantry, the celebrated "Stonewall regiment," was rendezvoused 
at Detroit under orders dated May 29th, 1862, from which the two following 
paragraphs are taken : 

I. The War Department having called upon the Governor of this State for another reg- 
iment of infantry, to serve for three years, or during the war, unless sooner discharged, 
the 17th Regiment Michigan Infantry will be organized as soon as a sufficient number of 
companies have volunteered. 

II. The Commander-in-Chief hereby calls for propositions from the patriotic and loyal 
men of the State, to raise ten infantry companies for the above designated regiment, and 
hopes, judging from the alacrity with which the State has heretofore responded to the 
requisitions of the general government, that this regiment will be rapidly organized and 
composed of such men as this State has hitherto sent into the field, acknowledging no 
superiors either in muscular strength or moral courage. 

The organization of the regiment was commenced under the direction of 
Colonel James E. Pittman, then State Paymaster, whose excellent drill and 
discipline enabled the regiment to leave for the front in a very creditable con- 
dition. 

The 17th left Michigan for Washington on the 27th of August, 1862, with 
a force on its rolls of 982 officers and men, in command of Colonel VVm. H. 
Withington, who had a short time before been commissioned as its command- 
ing officer, 

FIELD AND SJAFF, 

Colonel, Wm. H. Withington, Jackson. Lieutenant Colonel, Constant Luce, Monroe. 
Major, George Collins Lyons, Jackson. Surgeon, Abram R. Calkins, Allegan. Assistant 
Surgeon, Jonathan Beviere, Grand Rapids. 2d Assistant Surgeon, Albert Daniels, Rich- 
laud. Adjutant, Wm. V. Richards, Ann Arbor, Quartermaster, Charles Ford, Jackson. 

The companies mustered in and making up the regiment, were: 

A. Captain, Lorin L. Comstock, Adrian. First Lieutenant, John S. Vreeland, Adrian. 
Sect)nd Lii-utenant, Richard A. Watts, Adrian. 

B. Captain, Isaac L. Claikson, Manchester. First Lieutenant, J. Cunningham, Detroit. 
Second Lieutenant, Abraham Horton, Summit. 

C. Captain, Henry B. Androus, Coldwater. First Lieutenant, George H. Laird, Colon. 
Second Lieutenant, Wm. E. DuUitdd, Monroe. 

D. Captain, Julius C. Burrows, Kalamazoo. First Lieutenant, Wm. H. White, Way- 
land. Second Lieutenant, Wm. S. Logan, Richland. 

E. Captain, Gabriel Campbell, Ypsilanti. First Lieutenant, Thomas Matthews, Flint. 
Second Lieutenant, James T. Morgan, Muskegon. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 375 

F. Captain, Frederic "W. Swift, Detroit. First Lieutenant, John Tyler, Detroit. 
Second Lieutenant, Win. Winegar, Grass Lake. 

G. Captain, John Goldsmith, Jr., Jackson. First Lieutenant, Kowen Summers, Jack- 
son. Second Lieutenant, Christian Rath, Jackson. 

H. Captain, Charles A. Edmonds, Qulncy. First Lieutenant, J. P. C. Church, Jackson. 
Second Lieutenant, Benjamin F. Clark, Quincy. 

I. Captain, Alfred Brooks, Kalamazoo. Fiist Lieutenant, Nelson D. Curtiss, Kalama- 
zoo. Second Lieutenant, George Galligan, Kalamazoo. 

K. Captain, Wm. W. Thayer, Battle Creok. First Lieutenant, James E. Thomas, 
Grass Lake. Second Lieutenant, Benjamin B. Baker, Jackson. 

The 17th, on its arrival at Washington, was attached to the 1st brigade, 1st 
division, 9th corps, sent immediately into the Maryland campaign with Mc- 
Clellan, and in little more than two weeks after it left the State was fiercely 
engaged in the hotly-contested action of South Mountain, on September 14th, 
18(j'^, whence it emerged with a loss of 27 killed and 114 wounded. 

Among the wounded at South Mountain was Lieutenant George Galligan, 
who died of his wounds at Middleton, Md., on the 24th of the same month, 
and Lieutenant W. E. Dufiield, wounded at Antietam on the 17th of Sep- 
tember, died at Frederick City, Md., October 16th following, of his wounds. 

Colonel F. W. Swift, in a report made since the war, of the part taken by 
the 17Lh at South Mountain, says: 

"On the evening of the 13th of September, 1862, the 17th Michigan Infantry, then 
only two weeks from Michigan, marched from Frederick City, Md., where it had bivou- 
acked the night before with the rest of the 9th army corps. "We marched out on the 
National turnpike in the direction of South Mountain, and about midnight bivouacked for 
a few hours not many miles from Middleton. Before daybreak on the morning of the 
14th, we moved on, passing through Middleton, reaching tlie base of the mountain about 9 
o'clock. The South Mountain at this point is about l.OUO feet in height, its general direc- 
tion from northeast to southwest, the National road from Frederick to Hagerstown cross- 
ing it at nearly right angles through ' Turner's Gap,' a depression some 400 feet in depth. 
Here are two country roads, one to the right of the turnpike and the other to the left, 
which give access to the crests overlooking the main road or turnpike. 'Ihe one on the 
left is the 'old Sharpsburg road,' and is nearly parallel to and about half a mile distant 
from the main road until it reaches the crest of the mountain, when it bends to the left. 

" The enemy being found in force on each side of the Gap, holding each crest of the 
mountain, and strongly posted behind the stone fences and otlier available shelters, with 
their batteries in commanding position, enfilading the main road, we were ordered to 
move off the main road and advance up the old Sharpsburg road. This was being per- 
formed in common with the rest of Willcox's division, and we had proceeded far up the 
road towards the ci'est of the mountain, and moving to the support of a section of Cook's 
battery wliich had been sent up the mountain to open on the enemy's guns on the right 
of the gap. The road at this point was deeply gullied and very narrow, obUging us to 
movH by the flank, the banks on either side being steep and six to ten feet high. At this 
juncture, and wliile we were about to deploy on the right of the road, the enemy sud- 
denly opened (at about 200 yards) with a battery which enfiladed the road at this point, 
drove off Cook's cannoneers with their hmbers, several of our men being killed by the 
shot and shell of the enemy. The cannoneers with their horses and limbers came rush- 
ing down the road through our dense ranks, causing a temporary panic among some of 
tilt' troops that might have resulted in the loss of the guns had the enemy taken the 
advantage of it. We promptly changed front here under a heavy fire of shot and shell, 
but as we ha'l never had a battalion drill we formed our line of battle by countermarch- 
ing, and moved out with the 79th New York veterans to protect the battery. Hero the 
ifgiiiient extended across the old Sharpsburg road and lay in Une of battle, sheltered as 
inucli as possible by the sloping ground until nearly 4 P. M, 

" Far up the mountain the enemy with their batteries were awaiting our advance. On 
the irt'bt a lane extended from the left of the road, and at right angles with it, flanked on 
each side by a strong stone wall; behind each of these walls on the left of the road and 
beliind another on the right of the road, running at right angles with it, lay dense masses 
of the rebel infantry, our immediate fiont being held by Drayton's South Carolina brigade. 
Qui men having lain so long exposed to the (Ire of the enemy without being able to reply 
to it, and having become somewhat accustomed to the noise of shot and shell, had 
grown impatieut of delay, and the order to move forward and charge upon the 



376 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

enemy was received with sliouts of enthusiasm. We moved out from our sheltered posi- 
tion through an open field and upon the enemy's position, exposed to a storm of lead 
from the stone fence in front and from the enemy's batteries on tlie right of the gap. Our 
regiment was the extreme right of Willcox's division, which was composed mainly of old 
troops, and our men moved upon the enemy as if jealous of the laurels their veteran 
coadjutors might win. "With clieer after cheer sent up in defiant answers to the rebel 
'yell,' they advanced to within easy musket shot, when they opened a murderous fire 
upon the enemy, which was kept up for some time, the regiment steadily advancing, and 
its extreme right swinging around and getting an enfilading fire upon the rebels entrenched 
behind the two walls on the left of the road. Unable to stand this murderous fire, the 
rebels broke in dismay, the left of the reghnent charging with shouts of triumph over the 
walls and pursuing the fleeing remnants of Drayton's brigade over the crest and far down 
the slope of the mountain, thus gaining the key-point of the battle. 

" Our loss in this affair was 27 killed and 114 wounded out of less than 500 men who 
were actually engaged. 

" After driving the enemy down the slope of the mountain and capturing many prison- 
ers (about 300), we formed in Une of battle upon the crest, and slept during the night 
upon our arms, expecting to renew the battle in th'e morning, but the enemy quietly 
retired from our front during the night, abandoning their wounded, and leaving their dead 
in large numbers on the field. 

" The gallant charge made by this regiment on the stone walls behind which the enemy 
with his batteries was strongly posted, gave it the name of tlie ' Stonewall Regiment,' by 
which it was known throughout the army, and which has gone with it into the histoiy 
of the war." 

The poem below referred to was written by Captain Campbell, of the 17th, 
a graduate of the University. It covers the march of his regiment to the field 
and its fight at South Mountain, to which the extract included refers. 

"The following poem was delivered on 'Class Day' before the class of 1865, in the 
Department of Science, Literature, and the Arts, of the University of Michigan, and its 
publication was desired not only by the class, but by the faculty and the large audience 
who had the pleasure of listening to it. Its intrinsic merit will commend it to public 
favor and it will be especially interesting to the many persons who are now or have been 
connected with the University, wh© have participated in the triumphant struggle for 
Union and Liberty. 

" The University though yet young, has a roll of honor embracing 769 names, of which 
281 belong to the Department of Science, Literature, and Arts, 254 to the Department of 
Medicine and Surgery, and 124 to the Department of Law. Of these about 100 have lost 
their Uves in the contest, while many more have received honorable wounds. They rep- 
resent all ranks, from the private to major general. 

" It the following poetical description of one of the severest and most decisive actions 
of the war can be taken as a specimtni of what we may expect, the public will cherish the 
hope that those who have so bravely used the sword will be found no less efficient in the 
use of the pen. 

"E. O. HAVEN, 
• *' President of the University of Michigan. 

" To Colonel William H. Withington, of the 17th Michigan Infantry, whose bravery in 
the charge of the 'Stonewall Ecgiaient' at South Mountain and in the battle of 
Antietani made him the pride of his men, and whose sterling qualities of mind and 
heart endeared him ahke to all, these lines are respectfully inscribed by the author. " 

Quick rations are finished, the rammers are sprung. 

And waist-belts are buckled, and knapsacks are slung; 

As soon all are marshaled and fearlessly stand 

Awaiting impatient the word of command. 

'Tis given. As quick as the word they face 

And advance by the flank — every man in his place. 

The old starry flag waves proudly and high, 
So fondly caressed by the soft autumn sky; 
While the Eagle, extenduig his wings on the air, 
boomed to whisper of Victory hovering there. 
Tho low, rumbling sounds that rise on the ear 
Inspire to Viilur, yot wakon to fear. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAS. 377 

As louder and nearer with ponderous roll 

The death knells of Orcus toll— loll— toll, 

We reach the hill-top, and fearfully riven 

South Mountain before us aspires to heaven. 

While round his huge head incessant is curled 

The smoke of those cannon that quiver the world — 

Those traitorous cannon! Their air-rending shells, 

With echoing voice a monody swells 

In dirges forlorn. With demon-like sound 

They crash in the air or recoil to the ground. 

At length the voice of Withington 

Makes every heart enlarge. 
Up-springing at the welcome word, 

We rally for the " Charge." 
Sudden from right to left arose 

A wild, unearthly yell. 
As on the foremost rebel line, 

Like maddened wolves we fell. 

Back driven from their firm stockades, 

They rush with hideous groan, 
And rally with redoubled strength, 

Behind a wall of stone. 
On comes the line of Michigan, — 

With bristling bayonets all; — 
Three volleys and a charge! Great QodI 

It clearly scales the wall. 

They rally yet,— said yet again — 

Fiendish mid reeking blood! 
Nor rebel steel nor walls of stone 

Can check the loyal flood; — 
But just as o'er that mountain top, 

Keflects the setting sun, 
Our victor shouts sent heavenward 

Proclaim the Battle won. 

Back o'er the heaps of mangled men, 

We move as shuts the day. 
And there recline upon our arms, 

To watch the night away; 
And as to heaven's calm, peaceful vault, 

We turn the weary eye, 
We feel that we have struck one blow 

For God and Liberty. 



leneral Willcox, in his report of the part taken by the Ist division, 9th 
covps, at South Mountain, says of the 17th Michigan in that engagement: 

"v planted a section of Cook's battery near the turn of the road (Sharpsburg) and 
openod fire on the enemy's battery across the main pike. After a few good shots the 
enemy unmasked a battery on his left, over Shiver's Gap from a small field enveloped by 
woods. He threw canister and shell and \lrove Cook's cannoneers and drivers down the 
•oad wiih their limbers; Cook gallantly remained with his guns. [Cook herelostone man 
killed, f )ur wounded, and two horses killed.] The attack was so sudden, the whole 
division being under lire,— a fiank fire — that a temporary panic ensued until I caused the 
79th Ne-r York, Lieutenant Colonel Morrison, and 17th Michigan, Colonel Withington, on 
the extrt^me left, to draw across the road facing the enemy, who were so close that we 
expected a charge to take Cook's battery. The 7yth and 17th here deserve credit for 
their coolness and firmness in rallying and changing front under a heavy fire. 

" I received orders from General Reno and McClellan to silence the enemy's batteries 
at all hazards. Sent picket report to Reno, and was making disposition to charge— mov- 
ing 17th Michigan so as to cross the hollow and flank the enemy's guns— when the enemy 



378 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

charged out of the woods on their side, directly upon our front, In a long heavy line, ex- 
tending beyond our left to Cox's right. I instantly gave the command, ' Forward! ' and 
we met them near the foot of the hill, the 4:5th Pennsylvania in front. The 17th Michigan 
rushed down into the hollow, faced to the left, leaped over a stone fence, and took them 
in flank. Some of the supporting regiments, over the slope of the hill, fired qver the 
heads of those in front, and after a severe contest of some minutes, tlie enemy were 
repulsed, followed by our troops to the opposite slope and woods, forming their own 
position. 

"The 17th Michigan, Colonel Wlthington, performed a feat that may vie with any 
recorded in the annals of war, and set an example to the oldest troops." 

Extract from General McClellan's report: 

"* * * General WUlcox praises very highly the conduct of the 17th Michigan 
in this advance, a regiment which had been organized scarcely a month, but which chai-ged 
the enemy's flank in a manner worthy of veteran troops." ♦ * » • 

Extract, from the New York Press : 

"* * The enemy, as usual, sought every advantage, particularly that of 

numerous stone fences, behind which they assailed our men fiercely. But the impetuous 
charges of some of our regiments, particularly that of the 17th Michigan, but two weeks 
from home, carried everything before it, and the dead bodies of the enemy on that moun- 
tain crest lay thick enough for stepping stones. The greatest slaughter at this point waa 
among General Drayton's brigade, composed mainly of South Carolinians and some Geor- 
gians. Nearly the whole of this brigade was either killed, wounded or captured. " * 

Three days afterward, at Antietam, it was again in battle, sustaining a fur- 
ther loss of eighteen killed and eighty-seven wounded. The next day it was 
in the front, skirmishing with the retreating enemy, and had one man killed. 

At the close of the Maryland campaign, the regiment moved with its corps- 
into Virginia. 

The 17th, still serving in the same brigade, division, and corps, left Water- 
town, Virginia, November 2d, 1862, and marched via Warrenton to near Fal- 
mouth, where it encamped from the 18th to December 12th. It crossed the 
Rappahannock with the army at Fredericksburg, but did not participate in the 
battle that ensued. On the 14th of February, 1863, the regiment embarked 
at Aquia creek for Newport News, where it encamped until the 19th of March,, 
when it proceeded, in command of Colonel C. Luce, by transport to Baltimore, 
thence by Baltimore and Ohio Railroad and the Ohio river to Louisville, Ken- 
tucky, thence on the 28th to Bardstown. April 3d it moved to Lebanon, 
thence to Columbia on the 29th. Marching from Columbia, it arrived at 
Jamestown on the 31st of May. The 9th corps, to which it was attached, 
having been orderx)d to reinforce General Grant in Mississippi, the regiment 
left Jamestown on the 4th of June for Louisville, and thence proceeded by rail 
to Cairo, and by the Mississippi to the Yazoo river. Disembarking, the regi- 
ment went into camp near Haynes's Bluffs, Mississippi. June 22d it was 
ordered to Milldale Church, and was there engaged in erecting fortifications. 
Leaving Milldale on the 4th of July, it participated in the advance on Jackson, 
arriving before that town on the 10th, after a series of skirmislies. The regi- 
ment lust before Jackson only one man, who died of wounds. Returning to 
Alilld;«le, it embarked August 3rd, and again returned to Kentucky, arriving 
at Crab Orchard August 24th. Marcliing from Crab Orchard, it engaged in 
the movements made by the army of the Ohio into east Tennessee, in Septem- 
ber and October. With its division it moved from Knoxville to Blue Sprmgs,. 
but did not participate in the engagement at that place. Returning to Knux- 
viUe on the 14ih of October, it marched from tlience on the 2Uth, and proceeded, 
via Loudou to Lenoir. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 379 

Like the 2cl, 8th, and 20th Infantry, which were in the same corps, the 
17th had traveled over 2,100 miles during the year. 

The regiment, in command of Lieutenant Colonel Comstock, and then 
attached to the 3d brigade of the 1st division, Oih army corps, remamed at 
Lenoir Station, East Tennessee, until the morning of the 14th of November, 
1863, when it marched to the Tennessee river, below Loudon, to oppose the 
advance of the rebels under Longstreet, then moving on Knoxville. It lay 
under arms during the night, and on the following morning commenced fall- 
ing back, closely followed by the rebel forces. It continued to retreat on the 
16th, with its corps, its brigade moving in the rear of the army, and the regi- 
ment acting as the rear guard. While crossing Turkey Creek, near Camp- 
bell's Station, the enemy attacked in force, and a severe engagement ensued. 
In this action the loss of the regiment was 7 killed, 19 wounded, and 10 
missing. 

From a report of Captain F. W. Swift : 

" On the 16bh we marched for Knoxville. Our regiment bein^ detached as rear guard 
was attacked by the enemy's advance guard about 9:30 A. M., near Campbell's Station, 
and after severe fighting through the day we retired during the night to BLnoxviiie, 
Lieutenant Aionzo P. Stevens was mortally wounded." 

During the night of the 16th, the 17th moved with the army to Knoxville, 
assisting actively in the defense of that town while besieged by the enemy. 

On the night of the 20th the regiment, under the command of Lieutenant 
Colonel Comstock, was ordered to burn a house occupied by the enemy's sharp- 
shooters. This was done successfully, but while returning to camp a shell 
from one of the enemy's guns killed instantly Lieutenant Josiah Billingsley. 

A correspondent of the New York Tribune, under date of November 20th, 

1863, writes, '^Brilliant Sortie of the 17th Michiqan^' : 

"At 8.30 P. M. rapid cannonading was heard on our west frontier — Fort Saunders — 
which aroused the town from its temporary repose. Now it was supposed the expected 
night attack had begun. The advance, it seems, was by our side, aiui not from 
that of the enemy. The rebel pickets during the day had got into James Armstrong's 
house, just under the hill, and had very much annoyed our men. General Fern-io 
accoi'dingly ordered the 17th Michigan to make a sortie and drive them out. The work 
was handsomely accomplished, and the house was set on fire.' They then fell back, but 
as the hght of the burning buildings burst forth it revealed the position of t)ur men as 
they were deploying into the road, and the enemy swept their ranks by discharges of 
shell and solid shot. One lieutenant was killed and three men wounded. Our batteries 
replied as fast as possible, covering our men as they retreated. The object was accom- 
plished, though after sacrifice of valuable men, and the Michigan boys deserve much 
praise for the handsome manner in which they executed their task. " 

On the 25th a musket ball from the enemy's skirmish line struck Lieutenant 
Colonel Comstock, wounding him so severely that he died the 8;ime evening. 

Following the death of Lieutenant Colonel Comstock, Captain Swift assumed 
command of the 1 7th. 

On the night of the 28th of November the skirmish line of the regiment was 
driven m, and 16 men were captured by the rebels. On the 2ytli it was 
engaged in the defense of Fort Saunders. 

JJuring the retreat to Knoxville, and during the siege, the men sullered 
greatly, especially while besieged, from the want of proper and suUiuient 
rations. On the 7th of December the 17th, in command of Lieutenant Col- 
onel Swift, who had been commissioned to rank from November 26th, moved 
from Knoxville in pursuit of the enemy, who had abandoned the siege and 
were retreating up the valley toward Morristowu. Advancing to llutledge, the 



380 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

regiment remained there until the 15th, and thence fell back to Elain's Cross 
Koads. It encamped here until the IGth of January, 18G4, suffering much 
from want of supplies. Early in March the regiment moved up the valley as 
far as Morristown. On the 17th the 9ch corps having received orders tQ. report 
at Annapolis, Maryland, the rf ^imeut proceeded to Knoxville, where it arrived 
on the 20th, and on the 22d it commenced its march over the Cumberland 
mountains to Nicholasville, Kentucky. The march to the latter place, a dis- 
tance of 186 miles, was accomplished in ten and one-half days. From Nicho- 
lasville the regiment proceeded by railroad to Annapolis. It here received 
about 200 recruits. Marching, with its corps, from Annapolis via Washington 
and Alexandria, it joined the army of the Potomac near Warrenton Junction, 
Virginia, and engaging in the campaign of 1864, it crossed the Kupidan at 
Gerniania Ford on the 5th of May, in command of Colonel Luce, and on the 
6th engaged the enemy in the Wilderness. Its loss on the 6th was 7 killed 
and 39 wounded. On the 8th the regiment moved, via Chancellorsville, 
toward Spottsylvania, and on the 9th arrived at Ny river, crossing near 
Spottsylvania Court House, where the enemy were in force. In the action 
of the 9Lh the regiment was detached from its brigade to support a battery. 
It subsequently moved across the Ny river, and secured, by a rapid movement, 
an important position, repulsing the enemy who were endeavoring to take pos- 
session of tlie ground. 

The following is from a report of Colonel Swift: 

"On the morning of the 9th of May, 1864, the division of General Willcox moved upon 
the enemy in the vicinity of Spottsylvania Court House. We found the enemy in force, 
occupying a commanding position on the Ny river, and the 2d brigade was ordered to 
cross the river and feel of the enemy. Romer's 2d New York battery, being brought into 
position, opened fire, and the 17th was temporarily detached from the 1st brigade to sup- 
port it. Meanwhile the 1st and 2d brigades, having become engaged, found the enemy in 
superior force, and the 1st Michigan sharpsliooters and 6Uth Ohio (the latter of the 1st 
brigade) had been repulsed with considerable loss from a very commanding position, 
leaving many of their wounded on the field, while the 2d brigade, which occupied the 
extreme right, was in danger of being flanked and cut off. At this juncture the commander 
of the 2d brigade sent back to division headquarters for assistance, and the 17th wtts 
ordered to advance. 

"The order was promptly obeyed and we crossed the creek at double-quick, and ad- 
vanced rapidly up the road to the position occupied by the 2d brigade and formed on its 
left and at once commenced erecting breastworlis. Word soon came that the enemy who, 
it seems, had retired from the crest of the hill from which they had repulsed our troops, 
were again advancing in force for the double purpose of gaining the crest and flanking us. 
No time was to be lost; by order from the brigade commander our men took arms and 
the 17th by a half wheel to the left, advanced at double-quick up the hill and occupied 
the crest just as a brigade of rebel troops were advancing up the other slope. We opened 
a well directed volley upon them, doing great execution, and in spite of the frantic efforts 
of their ollicers they broke and fled in the greatest disorder, leaving many of their dead 
and wounded in our hands. We thus secured by this well-timed and rapid movement a 
very important position, which we fortified." 

A correspondent writes : 

"We crossed the Rapidan soon after noon on the 5th (May) and heard the report of 
cannon and of fire-arms at 2 o'clock P. M. The battle raged furiously until late in tlie 
evening, about tliroo-quarters of a mile on our left. On the morning of the 6th the 17th 
Michigan was ordered to the front with the balance of the 3d division, being on the left of 
the 5tli corps, and remained under arms during a part of the forenoon, and was 
severely shelled by the enemy, but without any fatal casualties to the regiment. At 2 P. 
M. the brigade moved fartlier to the left, and after marching through the woods tluee- 
quarters of a mile, we found the enemy, and in a few moments were engaged in fighting 
Longstreet's corps, and contiimed fighting for two hours, wlien a part of the division was 
ordered to make a cliarge on the rebel entrenchments, wliich were carried very handsomely ; 
but the enemy strongly reinforced, and our forces being outflanked, we were compelled 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 381 

to fall back In confusion. The 17th regiment rising up gave three cheers and 
p< Mired in a deadly tire on ihe advancing enemy, compelling them to retire in hasle. The 
otlictTS and men of the 17th rallied the disorganized regiments that were driven back, and 
formed them in the rear of our regiment. Our olTicers and men are deserving of great 
crnilit lor their courageous conduct during the temporary panic. The loss of the 17th up 
to this time was quite small. 

' The troops remained holding the ground until 5 P. JI., when an order was given for 
the whole line to charge the enemy's works, which order was obeyed with alacrity, but 
the enemy being strongly entrenched we were unable to force them from their works. 
Il was a brave and gallant charge, but a fruitless one. Our troops suffered terribly. The 
losb of the 17th in this charge was 7 kUled and 33 wounded, out of 294 mea engaged in 
the contest. 

•' We remained in this position until the morning of the 7th, when wo returned to the 
field to bury our dead; but before this was accomplished we were ordered to build rifle- 
pils, in which work we were engaged all day, remaining there with our accoutrements on, 
and tln-n took up our line of march for Chancellorsville, reaching there on the 8th, and on 
the 9th reached the neighborhood of Spottsylvania Court House, where we found the 
enemy in strong position. The second brigade being in advance formed in line of battle, 
and advancing half a mile came upon the enemy in strong force. After a very gallant 
fight, finding the enemy too strong, reinforcements were demanded, when the 17ih Michi- 
gan was ordered to advance as soon as possible. They moved on double-quiok up 
the hill, passing by the first line of troops. As they marched up the 2d brigade gave us 
three hearty cheers. Our regiment, after having been shown a position, formed in line 
of battle on the left by file into line, wheeUng to the left on the double-quick, bringing 
tlie regiment on the enemy's flank, when we opened fire and drove them from the 
field. For gallant action, the commanders of the 1st and 2d brigades, commanded by 
Colonels Christ and Humphrey, respectively, and General Willcox, commanding the 
division, gave the 17th the highest praise, and as a compliment to the regiment gave it 
the position to hold, that being the key to that part of our line. Two regiments were 
sent to Colonel Luce with instructions to hold it, which was accomplished, and we also 
saved our dead and wounded comrades of the 60th Ohio from falling into the hands of the 
enemy, and also relieved the 2d brigade from its perilous position, which was handsomely 
acknowledged by Colonel Christ, its commander. A delay of three minutes would prob- 
ably have given the position and the day to the rebels. As it was, we gained and held it 
without the loss of a man. 

" On the 12th the whole division advanced about half a mile, driving the enemy back to 
their main works. At 2 P. M. our division was ordered to charge the enemy's batteries, 
and the division advanced under a tremendous shelling from the enemy. After advancing 
uito the woods about eighty rods it came unexpectedly upon the enemy's line, which was 
about to charge upon our batteries. The lines of the enemy extended in a circle around 
the left of our regiment, and closed on our rear, opening a heavy lire both in front and 
rear, at one time having the entire regiment prisoners. The nien fought desperately 
hand to hand with the enemy, and during the struggle 43 men and 4 officers succeeded 
in making their escape. 

"The officers and men engaged in this charge conducted themselves in their usual gal- 
lant manner, so much so that all parties speak of them with the highest commendation. 
General Willcox, who commanded the division, is entitled to the very highest praise for 
his noble conduct and gallant bearing during the whole affair." 

The regiment was actively ezigaged in the movements of the 10th and 11th, 
and on tlie i'2ih took pait in the charge on tlie rebel works. In this charge 
tlie loss of the regiment was ^3 killea, 73 wounded, and 93 taken prisoners, 
out of 2'io engaged. Among the killed were Captain John 8. V^reeland and 
Lieutenant Alfred E. Canlieid. The large loss in prisoners was owing to the 
regiment becoming surrounded by a greatly supeiior force in dense woods. 

Colonel iSwift says : 

" On the 12th of May, in the terrific charge made on the rebel works, we lost 23 killed, 
73 wounded, and 9« missing; total 194, out of 225 that went into action in this charge. 
Never did men fight with more desperate valor than did the 17th on this occasion, but 
owing to our left giving way before a superior force we were surrounded in the deuso 
woods and lost many taken prisoners." 

On the 16th of May the regiment was detailed as engineer troops, and during 



o82 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

the remainder of the year served as such. It moved from Spottsylvania, with 
its corps, to the North Anna river, thence across the Panmnky to Cold Har- 
bor, across the Chickaiiouiiiiy and the James rivers to the front of Petersburg, 
being present during all the operations of its corps in these movemejits. It 
remained with its corps during the siege of Petersburg, losing in all during 
the siege but two killed and eight wounded. On the 30th of September it 
moved with the army to Poplar Spring Cliurch. After the action or tliat date 
the regiment went into camp near the Peeble's House, where it remained on 
duty as engineers at the headquarters of the 1st division of the 9th army corps. 

During the month of November following, the regiment was before Peters- 
burg, and belonged to the 1st brigade, 1st division, 9th corps. Army of the 
Potomac. On December 2d it marched from Pegram Farm to Friend Farm, 
near the Appomattox river, where it remained during the winter, doing duty 
as division engineers and provost guard. During the attack of the rebels on 
Fort Steedman, March 25th, 1865, the regiment, then in command of Major 
Mathews, Colonel Swift being absent on furlough until the 27th, was advanced 
as skirmishers, and succeeded in repelling those of the enemy, taking sixty- 
five prisoners, the regiment losing one killed and two wounded. E'rom that 
time it was engaged very actively in repairing and reconstructing works in 
front of Petersburg, until April 2d, when the final assault was made on that 
stronghold. The regiment being held in reserve, its loss on that day was only 
two wounded. On the 3d it moved with its division into Petersburg, where it 
was engaged for three days guarding prisoners; on the 6th marched to Suther- 
land's Station, and on the 7th to Beasley's Farm, where it performed provost 
guard duty until the 10th, when it moved to Hobbs's Farm; on the 23d it 
marched at 11 A. M. and reached within six miles of Petersburg that night, 
being a distance of 27 miles, and on the 24th moved through Petersburg to 
City Point, where the regiment embarked on transports on the 25th, arriving 
at Alexandria on the 27tii ; on the 29th it reported for duty with the Isfc 
brigade, and marched to Washington, D. C, thence to Tannallytown, where 
it remained in camp until May 22d, when it proceeded to Washington and par- 
ticipated in the great review of the Army of the Potomac on the 23d, returning 
to its former encampment the same day, and remained there until June 3d, 
when it was mustered out of service and in command of Colonel Swift started 
by rail for Michigan on the 4Lh; on the 7th arrived at Detroit, where it was 
paid olf and discliarged. 

The 17th had engaged the enemy while in service at South Mountain, Md., 
September 14, 1862; Antietani, Md., September 17, 1862; Fredericksburg, 
Va., December 12, 13, 14, 1862; siege of Vicksburg, Miss., June 22 to July 
4, 1863; Jackson, Miss., July 11 to 18, 1863; Blue Spring, Tenn., October 10, 
1863; Loudon, Tenn., November 14, 1863; Lenoire Station, Tenn., Novem- 
ber 15, 1863; Campbell's Station, Tenn., November 16, 1863 ; siege of Knox- 
ville, Tenn., November 17 to December 5, 1863; Tiuirley's Ford, Tenn., De- 
cember 15,1863; Fort Saunders, Tenn., November 29, 1863; Strawberry 
Plains, Tenn., January 22, 1864; Wilderness, Va., May 5, 6 and 7, 1864; Ny 
River, Va., May 9, 1864; Spottsylvania, Va., May 10, 11, 12, 1864; North 
Anna, Va., May 24, 1864; Bethesda Church, Va., June 2, 3, 1864; Cold 
Harbor, Va., June 7, 1864; Petersburg, Va., June 17, i8, 1864; the Crater, 
Va., July 30, J864; Weldon K. K., Va., August 19, 21, 1864; lleam's Station, 
Va., August 26, 1864; Poplar Spring Church, Va., September 30, 1864; 
Pegram Farm, Va., October 2, 1864; Boydton Koad, Va., October 8, 1864; 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 383 

Hatcher's Run, Va October 27, 28, 1864; Fort Steedman, Va., March 25, 
1865; capture of Petersburg, Va., April 3, 1865; siege of Petersburg, Va. 
from June 17, 1864, to April 3, 1865. ^ ' 

The regiment had a membership of 1,079, its losses were 283, of which 3 
oacers and 89 men were killed in action, 4 officers and 35 men died of wounds, 
and lo2 of disease. nuuuuo, 

" The names of the fallen the traveler leaves 
Cut out vrith his knife ou the bark of the trees • 
But little avail his affectionate arts, ' 

For the name of the dead are engraved on our hearts." 



EIGHTEENTH REGIMENT INFANTRY. 



" Then sound the march! we pledge devotion 
In our blood on land and ocean." 

The reverses of McClellan on the Peninsula, causing a general alarm for the 
cause of the Union, induced the governors of the loyal States to memorialize 
President Lincoln regarding the emergency, as indicated in the following 
telegram : 

Bx Telegraph from New York, ) 
June 30 th, 1S62. ) 
To the Governor of Michigan : 

"Private and CoNPiDENTiAii. — Tn view of the present state of military movements, 
and the depleted condition of our efficient forces in the field, resultina: from the usual 
and unavoidable causes of the services, together with the large numbers of men required 
to garrison the numerous cities and military positions that have been captured, as well as 
to protect our avenues of supplies in the enemy's country, it is proposed to address a 
memorial to the President to-day, to be signed by all the governors of all the loyal States 
and some other officials of the country, requesting him at once to call upon the several 
loyal States for such number of men as may be required to fill up organizations in the 
field, and add such increased numbers of men to the army hei'etofore authorized as may 
in his judgment be necessary to speedily crush this rebellion and restore our government. 
The decisive moment to acoomplish this end it is beheved has aiTived. Shall we add your 
name to the memorial? 

E. D. MORGAN, Governor New York. 

R. G. GUETIN, Governor Pennsylvania. 

They were immediately telegraphed by Governor Blair to use his name on 
the memorial. 

As a result the President made his call on July 2d for 300,000 men, 11,686 
being the quota of Michigan. Consequently an order was issued from tlie 
Adjutant General's office for tlie raising of six regiments in addition to the 
17th already in process of organization, and to this number was subsequently 
added the 24th regiment. 

The following is an extract from the order referred to: 

"The governor has confidence in the loyaltj', patriotism, and coui-age of the people 
that they will cheerfully respond to the President's call, firmly believing that t:his foice 
will be quickly raised to aid in speedily putting an end forever to this unjustifiable and 
cruel rebellion. 

" The time has now arrived for men who love their country and desire its perpetuity as 
a nation to make sacrifices in its defense. Without resort to drafting let the ranks be 
speedily filled, let every heart be nerved, and every man welcome the hour that calls him 
to his counti-y's rescue. Let him be self-sacrificing, patriotic, and courageous. Let him 
make the camp his home, and the brave soldiers of the Union his companions until this 
national struggle be ended, and show that tlic privations, hardships, and dangers endured 
by the noble sons of tlie State who have fought their country's battles, and that the 



I 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 385 

bloody batde grounds so recently trodden by them have not drained the State of Its pat- 
riots nor lessened the love of her people for the national flag, nor their determination that 
its folds shall float over them unimpaired forever." 

Tliese regiments were apportioned to congressional districts under orders of 
July 15, l^ii'Z, and the recruitment of eacli was confined exclusively to its own 
district. 

Tlie 18th was assigned to the first district, to be recruited in the counties of 
Iliilsiiale, Lenawee, and Monroe, while Wayne, the other county of the district, 
umlertouk to raise the ^-ith regiment in addition. 

The rendezvous of the 18th was at Hillsdale, and for the purpoft of organ- 
ization was placed in charge of the Hon. Henry Waldron. 

The f\eld and staff were, Colonel, Charles E. Doolittle, Hillsdale; Lieutenant Colonel, 
George ypalding, Monroe; Major, John W. Horner, Adrian; Surgeon, Simoon P. 
Eoot, Somerset, Assistant Surgeon, Horace P. Woodward, Blissfiold; Second Assistant 
Surgeon, David S. Stevens, Oakville; Adjutant, Jno. C. Whipple, Monroe; Quartei'master, 
James H. Pratt, Hillsdale; Chaplain, David C. Curtis, Augusta. 

The regiment was made up of the following companies and mustered into 
service with the ofiicers named : 

A. Captain, Kdwin M. Hulburd, Hudson. First Lieutenant, Myron W. Eeed, Hudson. 
Second Lieutenant, James S. Riddle, Hudson. 

B. Captain, James D. Hinckley, Adrian. First Lieutenant, John Shelt, Eome. Second 
Lieutenant, George H. Wells, Tecumseh. 

C. Captain, John W. Horner, Adrian. First Lieutenant, Charles K. Miller, Adrian. 
Second Lieutenant, Stephen A. Denison, Madison. 

D. Captain, C. B. Van Valer, Hillsdale. First Lieutenant, Jacob O. Ames, Hillsdale. 
Second Lieutenant, James G. Bunt, Hillsdale. 

E. Captain, Charles D. Stevens, Tecumseh. First Lieutenant, WiUiam A. Weather- 
head, Tecumseh. Second Lieutenant, Kdward H. Hoag, Tecumseh. 

F. Captain, Theo. J. Hill, Exeter. First Lieutenant, Sheridan F. Hill, Eagle. Second 
Lieutenant, Stanley W. Turner, Hillsdale. 

G. Captain, George W. Bullcjck, Jonesville. First Lieutenant, John K. Randall, Fay- 
ette. Second Lieutenant, Harman Bross, Canandaigua. 

H. Captain, Richard P. Ingersoll, Dundee. First Lieutenant, Albert H. Babcock, 
Dundee. Second Lieutenant, Alonzo C. Clark, HiUsdale. 

I. Captain, David A. Dodge, Tecumseh. First Lieutenant, William C. Moore, Medina. 
Second Lieutenant, Isaac O. Savage, Fairfield. 

K. Captain. John J. Stevens, ]\Ionroe. First Lieutenant, Henry D. Spaulding, Monroe. 
Second Lieutenant, Henry C. ElUott, Monroe. 

The recruitment of the regiment commenced July 15, 1SG2, and on the 26th 
of August was mustered into the service of the United Slates, leaving Hills- 
dale with 1,0U2 otticers and men on its rolls, in command of Colonel Doolittle, 
on September 4th following, with orders to report at Cincinnati. 

On the day the 18th left Us camp at Hillsdale, and while waiting at Toledo 
on the march to the front, an elegant flag of the finest material and work- 
manship arrived by express, which had been ordered made by tiie Hon. Henry 
Waldron, who had been charged by the Governor with raising the regiment. 
It was presented by Mr. Waldron in one of his best speeches, to whicli an elo- 
quent response was made by Major J. W. Horner, on behalf of the regiment, 
who as.-uied the donor liiat it should never be dishonored while in their hands. 

On the 1st of November following this regiment was stationed at Ijexington, 
Ky., and remained at that point until February 21st, 18G3, when it marched 
toward Danville, arriving on the 22d. On the 24th, witii the forces under 
General Carter, it retreated from Danville to the Kentucky river, skirmishing 
with the rebels under General Pegram during the retreat. On the 28th tlie 
49 



386 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

regiment joined in the pursuit of Pegram, following the rehels as far as Buck 
Creek, making a long and rapid march, partly over a rough, mountainous 
road. April 2d it returned to Stanford. On the 7th it was ordered to Leba- 
non, and thence proceeded by railroad to Nashville, arriving there Apri4 14th. 
From the 1st of November, 1863, to the 11th of June, 1864, the 18th was 
employed as provost guard at Nashville, Tenn. On the 12th of June the regi- 
ment arrived at Decatur, Ala., where it formed part of the garrison, although 
during the summer and fall it was engaged at times in scouting through tiie 
adjacent cauntry. On the 28th of June, being then in the 1st brigade, 4th 
division, 20th corps, it formed part of a force which surprised the camp of 
Patterson's brigade of rebel cavalry, at Pond Springs, Ala., capturing all their 
camp equipage, wagons, ambulances, and com n)issary stores, with some .prison- 
ers. On the 25th of July the regiment assisted in routing the same rebel bri- 
gade at Cortland, Ala. In both of these expeditions the reginient was in the 
advance, and was the only infantry engaged. On the 1st of September it left 
Decatur to reinforce the garrison at Athens, Ala., against a threatened attack 
by General Wheeler, then engaged in a raid through Tennessee. It arrived in 
Athens just in time to prevent the command of the rebel General Roddy from 
entering and pillaging the town. The regiment remained at Athens until the 
8th, when it joined Colonel Streight's brigade, of General Steedman's com- 
mand, then in pursuit of Wheeler, and marched to Shoal Creek, within seven 
miles of Florence, Ala. Being in the advance, it here overtook and skirmished 
with Wheeler's rear guard. The pursuit being abandoned, the regiment 
returned to camp at Decatur, September 11th. A detachment of the regi- 
ment, numbering 231 officers and men, left Decatur on the 24th of September, 
with other trooi>s, to reinforce the garrison at Athens. When witiiin two 
miles of that place they were attacked by a force of the enemy, numbering, 
as since ascertained, about 4,000, under General Forrest. After five hours' 
desperate fighting with this superior force, during which their ammunition 
was expended, the detachment had succeeded in arriving within siglit of the 
fort at Athens, but finding it in possession of the enemy it surrendered. With 
the exception of a few who escaped, the entire command was either killed, 
wounded, or captured. 

On the 26th, 27th, 28th, and 29th of October, 1864, the 18th, commanded 
by Major E. M. Hulburd, Colonel Doolittle being in command of the i)ost at 
Decatur, and Lieutenant Colonel Horner on detached service as provost 
marshal, participated in the successful defense of that place against the rebel 
army under Hood while advancing on the army of Thomas at Nashville. 
During the attack a detachment commanded by Captain William C. Moore, of 
the 18th, was sent out to dislodge a body of the enemy's sharpshooters that 
occupied a line of rifle-pits near one of the Union forts. The movement was 
successfully executed under a galling fire. The enemy was driven from his 
cover and 115 prisoners captured, with a loss to the detachment of only two 
slightly wounded. 

Following is the reiiort of Colonel Doolittle to the general commanding the 
district, giving a detailed account of the affair: 

" I have the honor to submit for the consideration of the general commandinc: tlie fol- 
lowing report of the part taken by ray command in the defense of Decatur, beginning on 
the 2Gth day and taiding on the 3llth day of October. 

"For some days previous to the 2GUi I had been watching the movements of Hood's 
army, as well as those of Fonx'st and lloddy, and scouted the surrounding counti-y as 
thoroughly as possible with the amount of cavalry at my disposal. On the morning of 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 387 

the 26th I sent out two parties of fifty each on the Somervillo and Courtland roads. The 
one on the Somerville road met a considerable force of the enemy about three miles out 
and were obhged to retire. From the fact that this regiment (lUth Indiana Cavalry) had 
only been mounted and equipped as cavalry the day before, I was somewhat of the opinioa 
that the officer in charge had overestimated the force of the enemy, which he named at 
3(10 or 400, and not expecting the advance of Hood's army for a day" or two at lenst, I was 
of the opinion that it might be a scouting party of Roddy's command. At 1.30 P. M. my 
videttes repoited the enemy advancing upon the place. I immediately directed the dififer- 
ent commands to be in readiness for action and rode out to the advance post on the Som- 
erville road to learn the extent of the movement. Seeing the enemy's columns forming 
into line and skirmishers out, I hastened to the camp of the 2d Tennessee Cavalry and 
directed Lieutenant Colonel W. F. Prosser to move out and hold the enemy in check till 
I could reinforce our line. I returned to headquarters and hurried forwaid a section of 
Battery A, 1st Tennessee Light Artillery, Captain A. F. Beach commanding, and the 10th 
Indiana Cavalry, about 300 strong, under Major Thomas G. Williamson. They were mov- 
ing at a walk, and hearing firing I rode to the head of the column and directed Major 
Williamson to trot and report to Lieutenant Colonel Prosser. I directed Lieutenant Col- 
onel Prosser to look well to the river bank and to extend the right so as to meet tho 
enemy at all points. The artillery had in meantime got into position in tho small redoubt 
commanding the Somerville road and vicinity, as directed, and soon opened lire on the 
•enemy's line of battle. I had placed the picket reserve of the 18th Michignn, which was 
stationed in this redoubt, as a support to this section. It was small, but all I could give 
it just then. I had ordered Captain Bullock, Provost Marshal, to get all not on duty of 
bridge guard and provost guard and bring them up as support. Finding that I could hold 
the enemy in check, about twenty minutes after the artillery opened lire I ordered tlie 
right wing of the 2yth Michigan Infantry, a new regiment which had just arrived and been 
placed in position behind breastworks on left flank, to move to the front and occupy the 
line of rifle-pits on the loft of the redoubt. This they did under a warm fire froiii the 
enemy's battery and small arms in good style for a new regiment. Soon after I ordered 
up the balance of the regiment, directing lOi) men under the Major to be sent to fort No. 1. 
About 4 o'clock I ordered Captain Charles Cooper, Chief of Artillery, to send a section of 
Battery F, 1st Ohio Artillery, to occupy a small earthwork on the left, and about 300 yards 
in rear of the redoubt occupied by Battery A, 1st Tennessee, opening upon the enemy 
with twelve-pounder Napoleons, which soon silenced the enemy's battery of live guns. 
The fight continued until dark, the enemy being unable to drive us back an inch, notwith- 
standing he made several attempts to charge my line in his usual boisterous manner. I 
then withdrew my forces inside the main works, leaving 100 of 2yth Michigan to stnmgthen 
the picket line and hold the line of rifle-pits. I had stationed all of the 102d Ohio left in 
■camp, with a detachment of about 150 men of the 13th Wisconsin, under Captain Blake, 
in fort No. 2, which I placed immediately in charge of Colonel William Given, 102d Ohio, 
with instructions to watch well our i-ight flank. During the engagement my pickets on 
the line from the redoubt to the river on the right remained in their position, and when, 
night came my picket line was intact. I have ascertained that 1 was attacked by Wal- 
thal's division of Stewart's corps, Hood's army, 5,000 strong, whom I really fought with 
less than 500 men and a section of artillery, as the 29th Michigan and the small iletach- 
ment of 18th Michigan were not engaged. I am satisfied that the bold front I showed 
him deterred the enemy from charging and saved to us a strong position, which if 
held by the enemy would have caused us much trouble and great loss of fife. The 
enemy attempted to send in two flags of truce, but owing to the fact that he contiimed 
moving his troops into position they were not permitted to come in. I suppose it was a 
demand for surrender which would never have been acknowledged by me. The general 
conunanding arrived at dark and assumed the general direction of movements. During 
the night the gunboat Stone River arrived with detachments of 102(1 Ohio and 18th Mich- 
igan, numbering about about 200 men; also a detachment of 73d Indiana Infantry, from 
Athens, numbering 80 men. Tho morning of the 27th dawned upon us, showing tho 
enemy still in front of us on our left and extending aiound towards the river nearly to the 
Moulton road. Reinforcements came in slowly, consisting of 250 Hth U. S. C. I., under 
Colonel T. J. Moigan; 195 CSth Indiana Infantry, under Lieutenant Colonel H. J. Espy; 
and about 70 men of 13th Indiana Cavalry, equipped as mfantry, under Captain Wilson. 
Another detachment of 73d Indiana, under Lieutenant Colonel A. B. Wade, arrived, mak- 
ing about 150 of tho 73d Indiana Infantry. Nothing worthy of especial mention occurred 
during the day with the exception of the driving back of the enemy's skirmishers on our 
front and right flank by a detachment of 73d Indiana Infantry. 

" On the 28th, about 3 A. M., the enemy drove in a portion of my pickets from Moul- 
ton road to river on our right and established themselves in gopher hole.r. within 400 yards 
-of our works. I endeavored early in the morning to reestablish my lino, but found the 



388 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

enemy too well protected to move them. By direction of the Genera] commanding, Cap- 
tain William C. Moore, with about 50 of the 18th Michigan and a few from district head- 
quarters, clerks and orderlies, moved down the river under cover of the bank and formed 
as skirmishers. He moved on the double-quick, driving the rebels out of their holes and 
capturing 115 prisoners. In this they were ably assisted by the 68th Indiana infantry, a 
detachment of which regiment was on picket, and many of the prisoners were taken by 
them. The artillery in the forts rendered great assistance. About noon, by direction of 
the General commanding, I ordered Colonel Morgan, 14th U. S. C. I., now numbering 
about 500 men, to charge a battery on the river bank, planted by the enemy during the 
previous night. To assist Colonel Morgan in his charge I ordered Lieutenant Colonel Wade 
with his command into line of rifle pits on our left flank, and posted one piece of battery F, 
1st Ohio Light ArtiUery in the redoubt and small earthwork on that line with directions to 
employ the enemy while Colonel Morgan moved forward the battery. Our garrison at 
this time numbered only about 2,500 men. These bold moves had a beneficiaJ effect upon 
the enemy. Keinforcements arrived rapidly and were assigned positions in the works, 
special reports of which are made by commanding officers, and are submitted herewith as 
part of this report, giving us a total of about 5,000 men. 

" The morning of the 29th brought with it indications of the enemy's leaving, and a 
reconnoissance by Colonel Morgan, details of which are given in his report, developed the 
fact that only a strong rear guard remained. About 4 P. M. the enemy was driven out of 
his last line of rifle pits and I re-occupied the old picket line and my own headquarters 
which I had been obliged to vacate. Detachments of the 4:th, 18th, and 29th Michigan 
infantry, and l()2d ixnd 174th Ohio infantry under Colonel J. W. Hall, 4th Michigan, in all 
950 men, were sent out at dark on the Courtland road. A very strong picket of th& 
eiiciuy was met about two miles out and the command returned to camp late at night. 
Tile morning of the 30th found us in peace and quietness, the sun shinhig brightly, and a 
sense of relief was entertained by all. I pushed out a reconnoissance on Courtland road 
under Colonel Morgan, consisting of his own regiment and 68th Indiana Infantry, with 80^ 
of the 2d Tennessee cavalry under Major McBeth. The rear guard of the enemy was 
met within two miles of town and driven a mile or more. The expedition returned tO' 
camp at 4 P. M. 

•' When I consider that we were confronted by the whole of General Hood's army, it 
seems miraculous almost that we could escape capture. Our works, although strong in 
some parts are very weak in others, and if we had been subjected to a heavy fire of artil- 
lery it would have been almost impossible to remain, and with new, untried troops form- 
ing the principal strength of our garrison, an assault by such an army would have made 
me very anxious. Our garrisons never exceeded 5,000 men with 19 pieces of artillery, 
two of which came during the night of the 28th from Huntsville. I must say, however, 
tliiit I never saw troops in better spirits, and their determination was strong not to give 
up the works. Through rain night and day. with loss of sleep and hard work, I never 
heard any complaint. Information gained from escaped negro soldiers, prisoners, and 
■deserters, established the fact that it was the intention of the enemy, determined on by 
Generals Beauregard and Hood at Palmetto, to take Decatur and if he failed in that to- 
winter at Corinth. Hood's aggregate was about 40,000, with 60 pieces of artillery. He 
was heard to admit of a loss of 1,000 in killed and wounded alone, and this is fully con- 
firmed by soldiers and citizens. The whole of our loss during the siege in killed and 
wounded and prisoneis, 113. One hundred and thirty-nine prisoners were captured, 
incluiling 7 commissioned offiaers. Thirty-two small arms were taken, principally 
Enfield rifles. 

" For tlie action of the artillery I refer you to report of Captain Cooper, chief of aitll- 
lery, and Captain Beacli, Battery A, 1st Tennessee Artillery. The conduct of all th& 
troops was admirable and deserving of praise. Captain Wilson, 15th Indiana Cavalry, in 
charge of a detachment of his regiment, alone merits censure. He has been placed ia 
arrest and charges preferred against him. 

" I cannot close this report without extending to the commanding general my thanka 
for the latitude given me — his junior; and to all the troops, officers, and men I extend my 
thanks for liearty cooperation. I would especially mention Colonel William Given, 102d 
Ohio, who was immediately in charge of Fort No. 2; Lieutenant Colonel A. B. Wade, 73d 
Indiana, and Major Ed. M. Hulburd, 18th Michigan, 'who were at different times in com- 
mand of Fort No. 1. They were untiring in the discharge of their duties. Colonel 
Thomas Saylor, 29th Michigan, Colonel M. B. Houghton, 3d Michigan, Colonel J. W. 
Hall, 4th Michigan, Colonel J. S. Jones, 174th Ohio, Lieutenant Colonel H. J. Espy, 68th 
Indiana, Captam Blake, 13th Wisconsin, Captains Bullock and Reed, 18th Michigan, ren- 
dered great service, but to Colonel T. J. Morgan and his command — 14th U. S. colored 
infantry — I am especially indebted. His skill in handling his men, and his bravery under 
heavy lire, ai'e wortliy of notice. Lieutenant Colonel W. F. Prosser I carmot nraise too 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 389 

highly, and I am much Indebted to him and Captain Beach for the success of the first 
day's fight. Major Williamson, 10th Indiana Cavalry, deserves notice. He held his posi- 
tion a^^ainst hoavy odds. The conduct of Captain VV. C. Moore and Lieutenant E. H. 
Baker, 18Lh Michigan, require no especial mention from me, as the general commanding 
observed their brilliant, bold dash upon the enemy's pickets. Captain John J. Stevens, 
post inspector, Captain C. S. Cooper, chief of artillery. Lieutenant C. T. Hewitt, A. A. 
A. G., Lieutenant P. V. "Wilkins, A. A. D. C, deserve especial mention for gallantry in 
carrying my orders on the field under heavy fire. I would also mention Captain H. H. 
Howe, of the general's staff, who assisted me during the first day. Surgeon J. M. Evans, 
pobt surgeon, gave every attention to the wounded. I have not mentioned Lieutenant 
Colonel J. M. Thornburg, as he was acting more immediately on the staff of the general 
commanding. Again I say I cannot praise too highly the conduct of all, and I would 
respectfully suggest that all engaged be ordered to inscribe upon their banners, ' Decatur.' 
Peiniit me also to remark that for a long time the garrison of Decatur has been too small, 
and that the troops have been too much ovei-worked. In my opinion this garrison should 
never be less than 3,01)0 infantry and 1,000 cavalry, with the present amount of artillery. 
As a point from which the enemy can be observed and information obtained it is unsur- 
passed, and the nature of the ground on the nortlr side of the river renders it of the 
utmost importance that it be retained in our possession. In the hands of the enemy, it 
would occasion us a vast amount of trouble. 

" Eecapitulation of strength of garrison: First day, 1,500; second day, 2,500; third 
day, 5,000." 

The following endorsement, recommending the promotion of Colonel Doo- 
little to a brigadier, mentions the regiment favorably: 

Headquarters Department of the Cumberland, | 
Pulaski, Tenn., December 30lh, 1864. f 
Colonel Doolittle's conduct at the defense of Decatur against the invading rebel army, 
in November last, was everything that could be asked. His regiment is also noted for 
its excellent discipline and elficieucy. 

GEO. H. THOMAS, 
Major General U. S. A., Commanding. 

On November 1st, 18G4, the regiment, in command of Major E. M. Hul- 
burd, was stationed at Decatur, where it remained doing garrison duty until 
the a5th, when the evacuation of the line of the Mempliis and Charleston rail- 
road, from Decatur to Stevenson, was commenced. Then it left Decatur, 
marching along the line of that railroad to Stevenson, a distance of eighty 
miles, reaching that point December 2d, where it was employed building forti- 
fications until tlie 19Lh, when it was ordered back to Decatur, via the Ten- 
nessee river. On the 5iod the regiment landed at Whitesboro, and marclied to 
Huntsville to aid in repelling a threatened attack by Forrest, and on the ;^-iLli 
returned to Whitesboro, and reembarked for Decatur, arriving tliere on the 
28th. 

A correspondent writes: 

" Since my last, dated December 19th, at Stevenson, I will give you our movements up 
to the present time. On the 19th we broke cuni|) and niaiclied down to the Tennessee 
river, four miles from Stevenson, and camped for the night. December 20th marched on 
board of armed transport Stone Itivei', and steamed down the river; w<.'ather very bad 
and stormy; could not make much headway. On the 22(1, came down in sight of Decatur. 
Four gunboats went down and shelled the place; found that they had heavy guns 
placed to rake the river, and our biigade being too small, returned back up to Whites- 
boro; 2-lth, marched from Whitesboro to Huntsville; arrived at 1 A. M., a distance of tea 
miles; 24;th, marched from Huntsville to Whitesboro, and now on board the Stone River; 
25th, steamed down toward Decatur and roconnoitered the shores for a place to land our 
forces, but on account of the rise in the river could not land within fifteen miles of the 
place; 26th, sent detachmt;nts h\m\ the different camps under Lieutenant Brewster, on a 
little tug boat, to build a bridge across a creek to cross our forces. While doing so, the 
rebels opened on them with two pieces of aitillery, but fortunately did no daniiige. The 
party had to return at daik. Major General Steedman's forces came up at Limestone 



3S0 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

creek, and about six miles from Decatur, unloaded the transports at the creek, and useJ 
them to cross the troops over; 27th, Steedman's troops crossing all day under lire from 
the rebels. Our regiment marched down the river three miles, and went into camp; 
cavalry crossing the river all night. At daylight, found the rebels had evacuated the 
town; 28tn, we marched and took possession of the works. Our cavalry captured two 
guns and a number of prisoners; found the works all right; they had to commence to 
repair the railroad from here. " 

It retnaiiied at Decatur doing garrison duty, until tiie Hth of January, 1805, 
when it proceeded by rail to Huutsville, and was there engaged on Post duty. 
On June JiOth the regiment was ordered to Nashville for muster out, which 
was accomplished on the 26th, and on the 2'Jth, in command of Colonel Hor- 
ner, it left for Michigan, arriving at Jackson July 2d. On the 4th it was paid 
off and discharged. 

The regiment participated in encounters with the enemy at Danville, Ky., 
February 24, 1868; Pond Springs, Ala., June 28, 1864; Curtiss Wells, Ala., 
June 24, 1864; Courtland, Ala., July 25, 18G4 ; Athens, Ala., September 24,. 
1864; Decatur, Ala., October 24, November 2d, 1864. 

The 18Lii had carried on its rolls 1,374 officers and men, and had lost 310, 
of which 11 meu were killed in action, 3 men died of wuuiuis, and 297 of 
disease. 

" For bright o'erhead 
Is overspread 
The flag that will not brook reproach, 
Though high are piled its dead." 

Notes. — The campaign service of this regiment was much retarded by its being held so 
long on provost guard duty at Nashville, contrary to the wishes of officers and men, iLc> 
detention being the result of its fine discipline and orderly deportment and high character 
of both officers and men, which were so fully appreciated by Andrew Johnson that it 
became his trusted regiment in the administration of affairs in that city. 

The discipline, efficiency, and fine condition of the 18th were proverbial throughout tlie 
department of the Cumberland, and its inspection never failed to demand and receive the 
fullest commendations of inspecting officers who uniformly referred to it as an example- 
worthy of following. Instances inserted. 

Headquaetees 1st Beigade, 2d Division, I 

Camp Ella Bishop, [• 

GenebaIj Obdees. Lexington, Kentucky, November- 5th, 1SG2. ) 

The general commanding takes great pleasure in publishing the following report of the 
Inspector General relating to the condition, appearance, and soldierly bearing of the Ibth 
Michigan regiment, now under his command. 

* * * t * * * 4c * >l< 

Arms are of the Springfield pattern, rifled muskets; their condition was not only good^ 
but superior to that of the arms of any volunteer regiment I ever inspected. I doubt if 
they are excelled by those of any regular regiment in the field. 

Accoutrementfi were without enumeration in good and serviceable condition; the car- 
tridge boxes well filled with ammunition. 

Knapnacks, Have/ sackK, and Canteens are in good order. 

Clolliing was in good condition and evinced care and cleanliness. 

'£hii Reginiental and Company books and papers were with a few unimportant excep- 
tions properly kept, and in a neat condition. This remark also extends to those of the 
llegimental Quartermaster. 

■ The General Military appearance of the regiment was excellent, and evinced upon the 
part of its ollicers a degree of instruction and attention to duty which should be aspired 
to by less efficient regiments. 

Regimental Camp was found in good police. 

Very respectfully, your ob'd't serv't, 

H. M. JUDAH, 
Brig. Gen. and Inspector Gen. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 391 

It is the earnest hope of the oomnianding general that in aW reports hereafter the excel- 
lent reputation of this regiment •will be sustained, and that its discipline and obedience to 
orders will not be surpassed by any other in the volunteer service. 

By command of 

BEIG. GENERAL G. CLAY SMITH. 
J. Speed Pevt, 

Captain and A. A. General. 

Headquakters of the Cumberland, 
Inspector Genekal's Office, 
Murjreesboro, May 16th, 1663. 

Colone'l:— I have the honor to call your attention to the following extract from letter 
of advice for Apuil of Captain Jeffries, inspector 4th division, IJth army corps: 

)^ * * * * * * 1^ 

The 18th and 22d Michigan and 104th Illinois are temporarily attached to this division 
and were inspected by nie, and are reported in the "consolidated report." I would par- 
ticularly n.eiition the 18th Michigan. Few regiments in the department are its superior 
hi military ajipearance, disciiiline or drill, and none in care of arms. Companies I and E 
of thib regiment deserve particular mention; also Company B of the 22d Michigan. 
m * * * * * * * m 

Yerv respectfully your obedient servant, 

ARTHUR C. DUCAT, 
To Lieut. Col. Goddard, Lieut. Col. and A. I. G. 

A. A. General Rosecrans' Army. 

Headquarters Dept. of the Cumberland, | 
May 19lh, 1863. [ 
Respectfully referred to commanding officer 18th Michigan Infantry. By command of 
Major Geiitiial Rosecrans. 

WILLIAM W. MICHAEL, 

Major and A. A. Q. 



NINETEENTH REGIMENT INFANTRY. 



'* Come! come ye braves — aye, come! 
The battle dawn is nif^h; 
And the screaming trump and the thundering drum 
Are calhng thee to die!" 

The 19th was aFS'gned to the Second Congressional District, to be recruited 
in the counues of Bunich, St. Joseph, Cass, Berrien, Kahtmazoo. Van Buien, 
and Allegan. Its Ciiniji was at Dowagiac, with the Hon. Henry C. Gilbert as 
commandant of canip, who was charged with the organization of the regiment, 
and subsequently commissioned as colonel. 

Recruiting was C( nmienced July i5th, 186'?, and was accomplished Sep- 
tember 5th, when the following field and staff and the companies hereafter 
named were mustered into the tl. S. Service: 

Colonel, Henry C. Gilbert, Coldwater. Lieutenant Colonel, David Bacon, Niles. 
Major, "William R. Shai'ter, Galesburg. Surgeon, William E. Clark, Dowagiac. Assistant 
Surgeon, John Bennett, CentreviUe. Second Assistant Surgeon, Leander D. Tompkins, 
Cassopolis. Adjutant, Hamlet B Adams, Coldwater. Quartermaster, Warren Chapman, 
St. Joseph. Chaplain, Israel Cogshall, Coldwater. 

A. Captain, Joel H. Smith, Allegan. First Lieutenant, George T. Shaffer, Calvin. 
Second Lieutenant, Ecuben B. Lazalere, Dowagiac. 

B. Captain, Elisha B. Bassett, Allegan." First Lieutenant, William T. Darrow, Allegan. 
Second Lieutenant, Samuel M. Hubbard, Otsego. 

C. Captain, Charles P. Lincoln, Coldwater. First Lieutenant, Smith W. Fisk, Cold- 
water. Second Lieutenant, Lucius M. Wing, Coldwater. 

D. Captain, Hazen W. Brown, Constantine. First Lieutenant, Frank D. Baldwin, Con- 
stantine. Second Lieutenant, Charles W. Fonda, CentreviUe. 

E. Captain, John J. Baker, Sturgis. First Lieutenant, David J. Easton, Sturgis. Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, John F. Clark, Sturgis. 

F. Captam, Charles A. Thompsnii, Jr., Kalamazoo. First Lieutenant, Horace Tomp- 
kms, Kalamazoo. Second Lieutenant, Henry A. Ford, Niles. 

G. Captain, Charles W. Bigelow, South Haven. First Lieutenant, Adam Ferguson, 
Kalamazoo. Second Lieutenant, John A. Stafford, Decatur. 

H Captain, George H. While, Coldwater. First Lieutenant, David Anderson, Matte- 
Bon. Second Lieutenant, James A. Shoecraft, Coldwater. 

I. Captain, Richard Lysaght, St. Joseph. First Lieutenant, Henry M. Brown, St. 
Joseph. Second Lieutenant, C harles H. Calmer, St. Joseph. 

K. Captain, Phelix DuIIie, Kalamazoo. First Lieutenant, John Whaley, Kalamazoo. 
Second Lieutenant, Elislia Darlhig, Kalamazoo. 

The regiment broke camp September 14th, and in command of Colonel 
Gilbert took its route to Cinciiiuali with 9t5 of an aggregate stiength. It was 
attached to the let division of theAimyof the Ohio, and was stationed iu 
Kentucky duiing Octob^-r, November, and December following. 

Ou the Ist of January, 1803, it was stationed at Danville, and belonged to 
Colonel Coburn's biigade, liaird's division. Army of Kentucky. Tliis army 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 393 

having been transferred to the department of the Cnmberland, as a "reserve 
corps," the 19th moved with its brigade to Nashville, where it arrived Feb- 
ruary 7th, proceeding thence to Franklin. On the 4lh of March, with 600 
cavalry and 200 additional infantry, it took part with its brigade in a recon- 
noissance in force. After a march of four miles skirmishing commenced with 
the enemy's scouts and advanced pickets, but the rebels retiring the brigade 
encamped, the 19th having lost in the skirmish one wounded. Tlie march 
having been resumed ou the following day, the enemy were met in force at 
Thompson's Station, nine miles from Franklin. 

The 19th, with others, fight stubbornly against immense odds, attack after 
attack is repulsed ; struggling nobly without hope, defeat and capture inevita- 
ble, they surrender; the Colonel offers his sword ; it is refused ; the rebel com- 
mander says: "Au officer so brave, with a regiment so gallant, deserves liis 
sword." 

This was a very sanguinary engagement. At times the contest was severe 
and the figliting terrific. Three charges were made by the enemy and gal- 
lantly repulsed. In one charge the 19th captures the colors of the 4th Missis- 
sippi and several prisoners. After an engagement of five hours their ammuni- 
tion became exhausted, and the entire force surrendered to the enemy, 
excepting a few who succeeded in making their escape. The rebel force proved 
to be the entire cavalry force of Bragg's army, 18,000 strong, under General 
Van Dorn. The 19th went into the action with 512 oflicers and men, of which 
number 113 were killed and wounded. Those of the regiment that had 
escaped and those that had been left in camp at Franklin, were sent to Brent- 
wood, organized with the remaining fragments of the brigade, and placed 
under command of an officer belonging to another regiment. This force was 
surrendered by that officer to the rebel General Forrest without firing a gun, 
on the 25th of March, The enlisted men were soon paroled and sent north. 
The commissioned officers were exchanged on the 25th of May. 

In the "liebellion ilecord" is a letter from Colonel John McCrea to Gover- 
nor Morton, of Indiana, under date of Franklin, Tennessee, March l*ui, 
1863, from which the following is an extract: 

""Wednesday, the 4th of March, the brigrade under command of Colonel Coburn had 
several skirmishes Avith the rebels under command of Van Dora. Thursday morning, 
Colonel Coburn behig satisfied that the enemy had been largely reinforced through the 
night, sent an orderly to General Gilbert asking for reinforcements. To this request 
General Gilbert said, 'Colonel Coburn must be scared!' and wrote the following order: 
' Your force is sufficient; move forward!* Colonel Coburn, rather that disobey the order 
of his superior officer, advanced to meet an enemy said to be ton times greater than the 
force which he had under his command, which consisted of the 23d and 85th Indiana, 19th 
Michigan, and 22d Wisconsin Infantry regiments, and the 124th Ohio Infantry in reserve; 
also tlie 18th Ohio battery, yth Penusyivauia, 2d Michigan, and a part of the 4th Tennessee 
Cavalry Regiments. 

"This force moved up the Columbia road. The 85th and 23d, with one section of the 
battery, occupied a hill on the right of the road, near Thompson's Station, ou the Franklin 
railroad, while the I'Jth Michigan and 22d Wisconsin, with the other section of the baiLery, 
occupied the hill on the left. 

" The rebels at first opened a brisk fire from two batteries in front of the position oceu- 
pied by our troops. After an hour's cannonading Colonel Coburn brought up tlie 3'M and 
85th Indiana and ordered a charge upon the slatioii, where the rebels were concealed in 
and around the houses. They succeeded in drivhig them from the station, lie then 
ordered them to take the battery in front. The men moved on in good order. To the 
right of this battery was a stone wall fence, where the rebels were posted in large ninn- 
bers; from behind this fence they poured in a galling and destructive tire causing our men 
to fall back, but they reformed at the crest of the hill and resisted successfully llie ehaige 
of two brigades. Colonel Coburn thou brought over the lyih Michigan, and twice again 

50 



394 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

did these three regiments drive back the enemy in greatly superior force. Another force 
of the enemy now came around the left flank and drove the 22d Wisconsin from the hill, 
the battery having been veithdrawn for want of ammunition. Colonel Coburn then 
attempted to withdraw his forces, but the enemy closing in upon the right as well as left, 
and ammunition having given out with his infantry, he was forced to surrender. " 

The regiment was reorganized at Camp Chase, Ohio, and on the 8th of June, 

1863, left Columbus, arriving at Nashville on the 11th. It took pai-t in the 
advance on Tallahoma in June. On the28d of July the regiment was ordered 
to Murfreesboro and went upon garrison duty in the fortifications. Company 

D, of tiie 19th, commanded by Lieutenant Frank D. Baldwin, numbering 
fifty men, having been stationed at a stockade on the Nashville & Chattanooga 
railroad at Stone river, were attacked on the 5th of October by a large force 
of rebel cavalry and artillery under Major General Wheeler, and after a most 
gallant but hopeless resistance, having lost six in wounded, the company 
surrendered, but after having been plundered were released. October 25th, 
the regiment, then in the 2d brigade, 3d division, 20th corps, was ordered to 
McMinnville, Tenn., where it was employed in the construction of fortifica- 
tions. 

This regiment garrisoned the post of McMinnville until the 21st of April, 

1864. It here built several forts, constructed a railroad bridge, repaired a 
locomotive which the rebels had attempted to destroy when they evacuated 
this place, put a steam saw-mill in operation, and got out lumber for block- 
houses and other purposes. April 30, the regiment, which had been ordered 
to join its division, arrived at Lookout Valley, whence it moved on the 3d of 
May, with the army then about entering upon the Georgia campaign. From 
the 5th to the 10th of May the regiment formed part of the force that made 
a demonstration on Buzzard's Roost, but was not engaged. Marching through 
Snake Creek Gap it took part in the battle of Kesaca, May 15th. In this 
action the regiment participated in a charge on and capture of one of the' 
enemy's batteries. Its loss was 14 killed and 66 wounded. Colonel Henry C. 
Gilbert, commanding the regiment, was mortally wounded during this charge- 
on the rebel battery, and died of his wounds at Chickamauga, May 24th fol- 
lowing. Captain C. H. Chalmer being killed in the same charge. 

In a report covering the services of the regiment in that engagement Major 

E. A. Gnffin says : 

"♦ * * On the 15th of May, 1864, the regiment participated in a charge on the 
enemy at Eesaca, Georgia. With the brigade we charged a rebel battery, capturing the 
entire battery of four guns under a heavy fire from the enemy's infantry. Our brave 
conimaiider, Colonel Henry C. Gilbert, received a mortal wound while cheering on and 
leading his men to the charge. Captain C. H. Chalmer was killed in the charge, at the 
muzzle of one of the enemy's guns, while at the head of his company." * * 

On the 19th of May the regiment, in command of Major E. A. Griffin, 
charged into Cassville, and as.-isted in driving out the enemy, lo^^ing 1 m 
killed, and 4 wounded. It again engaged at New Hope Church on the 25th 
of May, where it sustained a loss of 5 killed, and 47 wounded, including 
Lieutenant Chas. Mandeville among the killed, while Captain Chas. W. Bige- 
low was mortally wounded and died of his wounds on the 29th same montlu 

From the "American Conflict" is taken tlio following: 

" Tiiomas, advancing fiom Burnt Hickory to Dallas, was confronted at Pumpkinvine 
creek by rebel cavalry, wlmm he rapidly pushed across, saving the burning biidgc; but as 
Hooker's corps in the van pushed on, his foremost division (Geary's) found the enemy in 
hue of battle, and a severe conflict ensued without decisive result. Hooker finally con- 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 395 

centrated his command four miles north of Dallas and struck hard by Sherman's order 
at Stewart's position covering New Hope Church, whence, though he gained some ground, 
he was unable to drive the well-sheltered foe. " 

On the 15th of June it was again engaged at Golgotha Church, losing 4 
killed and 9 wounded. Among the seveiely wounded was Major Gnlliii, eoni- 
uianding the regiment, while defending his position against an assault of the 
enemy, who died next day of his wounds. On the :^".3d it was engaged at 
Gulp's Faru), in command of Captain John J. Baker, where its casualties were 
13 wounded. Following up the rebel army after its evacuation of the position 
at Kenesaw Mountain, and crossing the Chattahoochee, the regiment partici- 
pated in the repulse of the fierce attack of the enemy on our lines at Peach 
Tree creek, on the 20th of July. The loss of the regiment in this battle was 
4 killed and 35 wounded, including Captain Baker. During the siege of 
Atlanta, from July 22d to August 25th, the regiment, in command of Captain 
David Anderson, constructed several strong lines of works, but although under 
the tire of artillery and sharpshooters, did not participate in any of the engage- 
ments that took place. Its loss during the siege was 2 killed and G wounded. 
The regiment did not take part in the flank movement to the south of Atlanta, 
but falling back with its corps took position at Tanner's Ferry, on the Chatta- 
hoochee river, where it remained until the 2d of September. At this date the 
greater portion of the regiment, with a force under Colonel Coburn, of its bri- 
gade, made a reconnoissance toward Atlanta. This force advanced to the 
city limits, and finding it evacuated by the enemy, excepting by a few cavalry, 
took possession. On the following day the remainder of the regiment entered 
the city with its corps. September 5th the regiment was temporarily detached 
from its brigade, and was assigned as guard for the quartermaster, commissary, 
and ordnance department, and was thus employed on the 30tii of October, 
18(J4. 

This regiment, in command of Major Baker, was serving with General Sher- 
man's army on the 1st of November, 18U4, attached to the 2d brigade, 3d 
division, 20th corps, and at that time was quartered in the city of Atlanta, Ga., 
and on the 15th moved with its brigade on the great march toward Savannah, 
passnig through Madison, where it assisted in destroying the railroads, bridi^i'S, 
factories, furuaces, mills, and every kind of property in that vicinity which 
could be made useful by the enemy ; then movnig to the right, directly towards 
Milledgeville, reaching there on the 22d, and again resuming the march on 
the 2od, passing through Davisboro, Louisville, and Milieu, after a long 
and fatiguing march reached Savannah, where it took an active part in the 
siege of that city until its evacuation on the 21st of December. The regiment 
remained near Savannah until the 1st of January, 18G5, when, in command 
of Major Anderson, with a portion of the 20th corps, it crossed the Savannah 
river into South Carolina, moving up along the line of that river to Hardee's 
plantation, through Perr\sburg and Kobertsville, and on the 2d of February 
moved with the army on its march through South Carolina, crossing the Pedee 
river at Cheraw into North Carolina, arriving at Fayetteville March llth, and 
utter the complete destruction of the arsenal and otiier public buildings at that 
point, with its brigade crossed Cape Fear river and moved in the direction of 
Raleigh, and on the IGth met the enemy in heavy force near AverysUoro, wliere 
a battle ensued, in which the regiment took an active and important part; its 
brigade being ordered to assault his works, promptly and gallantly carried 
them, capturing his artillery and many prisoners, the regiment losing Captain 



k 



396 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

L. Gibbon, Lieutenant Charles Purcell, and 4 killed and 16 wounded, several 
severely. 

A report of Major D. Anderson, commanding regiment, says: 

" On the 16th of March the enemy was met near Averysboro, and a battle ensued, in 
which the regiment tooli an active and important part. The brigade to which the regi- 
ment was attached being ordered to assault the enemy's worlis, the order was gallantly 
and promptly obeyed, resulting in the capture of the works, the regiment capturing two 
pieces of artillery and many prisoners. In this assault we lost two brave officei's, Cap- 
tain Leonard Gibbon and Lieutenant Charles G. Purcell, killed." 

On the 19th the enemy was again met at Bentonville, where the regiment 
was in line of battle, but did not become actively engaged. Moving from 
that point the regiment reached Goldsboro on the 24th, then proceeded to 
Raleigh, where it remained until after the surrender of Johnston's army, 
when it marched with its corps to Alexandria, Va., arriving there on the 18th 
of May, and on the 24th participated in the grand review of General Sher- 
man's army in Washington. The regiment remained in camp near Washing- 
ton until June 10th, when it was mustered out of service, and, in command of 
Major Anderson, was ordered to Michigan, arriving on the 13th at Jackson, 
where it was paid off and disbanded. 

The 19th was in engagements at Thompson's Station, Tenn., March 5, 
1803; Nashville and Chattanooga Railroad, Tenn., October 5, 1863; Resaca, 
Ga., May 15, 1864; Cassville, Ga., May 19, 1864; New Hope Church, Ga., 
May 25, 1864; Golgotha, Ga., June 15, 1864; Gulp's Farm, Ga., June 22, 
1864; Peach Tree Creek, Ga., July 20, 1864; siege of Atlanta, Ga., July 22 
to September 2, 1864; Savannah, Ga., December 11, 18, 20, 21, 1864; 
Averysboro, N. C, March 16, 1865; Bentonville, N. C, March 19, 1865. 

The entire membership of the regiment was 1,238, of which it lost .13?, as 
follows : 4 officers and 50 men killed in action, 3 officers and 38 men died of 
wounds, and 142 of disease. 

" Strong men fast asleep, 

With coverlets wrought of clay, 
Do sweet dreams o'er you creep 
Of friends who are here to-day?" 



TWENTIETH REGIMENT INFANTRY. 



" Our country calls! We join this leap:ue. 
And pledge ourselves with eai-nest zeal — 
"With loyal hearts and lifted hands, 
To firmly stand, come woe or weal." 

The 20tb was raised in tlie third congressional district, composed of the 
counties of Wasiitenaw, Jackson, Calhoun, Eaton, and Ingham. Its camp 
was at Jackson, and the commandant appointed to supervise the organization 
was the Hon. Fidus Livermore of that place. 

The recruitment was commenced July 15th, 18G2, and the muster into the 
service of the United States accomplished on the 19th of August following. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Colonel, Adolphus W. Williams, Lansing, Lieutenant Colonel, Huntington W. Smith, 
Adrian. Major, Byron M. Cutcheon, Ypsilanti. Surgeon, Simeon S. French, Battle 
Creek. Assistant Surgeon, WiUiam H. Paine, Eaton Eapids. Second Assistant Surgeon, 
Oramel L. Eider, Norvell. Chaplain, Joseph Jones, Charlotte. Adjutant, Hiram S. War- 
ner, Marshall. Quartermaster, James A. Dwight, Ypsilanti. 

The following companies made up the regiment and were mustered into 
service with the officers named : 

A. Captain, Huntington W. Smith, Adrian. First Lieutenant, Dennis C. Calkins, Lan- 
sing. Second Lieutenant, William A. Dewey, Leslie. 

B. Captain, Byron M. Cutcheon, Ypsilanti. First Lieutenant, Charles T. Allen, Sharon. 
Second Lieutenant, Augustus Van Cleve, Ypsilanti. 

C. Captain, George C. Barnes, Battle Creek. First Lieutenant, Joseph H. Weeks, 
Battle Creek. Second Lieutenant, Charles J. Brown, Battle Creek. 

D. Captain, Claudius B. Grant, Ann Arbor. First Lieutenant, Roswell P. Carpenter, 
Ann Arbor. Second Lieutenant, David E. Ainsworth, Ann Arbor. 

E. Captain, John Anderson, Parma. First Lieutenant, Francis Porter, Parma. Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, Albert P. Merrill, Parma. 

F. Captain, Silas P. Warner, Grass Lake. First Lieutenant, Joshua B. Leeland, 
Northfield. Second Lieutenant, Wesley L. Robinson, Waterloo. 

G. Captain, Luke B. Willis, Eaton Rapids. First Lieutenant, John S. Montgomery, 
Eaton Rapids. Second Lieutenant, Peter KaulTman, Charlotte. 

H. Captain, Wendell D. Wiltsie, Ann Arbor. First Lieutenant, E. P. Perkins, Ann 
Arbor. Second Lieutenant, Walter McCollum, Lodi. 

I. Captain, Charles C. Dodge, Marshall. First Lieutenant, George W. Bullis, Johns- 
town. Second Lieutenant, Josiah T. Hammond, Tekonsha. 

K. Captain, Elijah Hammond, Chelsea. First Lieutenant, Silas L. Sergent, Chelsea, 
Second Lieutenant, Clarence L. Whedon, Chelsea. 

The regiment left its rendezvous at Jackson for Washington September let, 
1862, in command of Colonel Williams, with 1,012 otlicers and men on the rolls, 
and on its arrival at Washington was sent into camp at Fort Lyon, near Alex- 



398 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

andria, with orders to report to General Buniside, commanding the 9th army 
corps of the Potomac. On September 8th the regiment marched to join 
Burnside, then on the Maryland campaign, but on reaching Leesboro the army 
had moved. It remained at that point until the 18th, wlien it mai'ched for 
Sharpsburg via Frederick City, Middleton, and Boonsboro, arriving at Sharps- 
burg on the 22d. 

Here the regiment was attached to the 1st brigade, 1st division, 9th army 
corps. After remaining at Sharpsburg for about two weeks it moved to 
Pleasant Valley, Md., where it remained in camp until about October 14th, 
when by a forced night march it moved to Nolan's Ford to cut off the retreat 
of Stuart's cavalry from Maryland, but they had already made their escape. 

The 20th remained on picket duty at the ford until October 30th, when it 
forded the Potomac at Point of Hocks, and joined the division at Waterford, 
Va. 

The regiment with its division commenced to advance from Waterford 
towards Culpepper on November 2d, and on the T4th the enemy was met at 
White Sulphur Springs, where a slight skirmish occurred, but in which the 
regiment did not partici|)ate. On the 15th it picketed Thompson's Ford, near 
the Spring, and in the night made a forced march of twenty miles to Bealton 
Station, where it again rejoined the division. From that point the regiment 
moved with the advance on Fredericksburg, reaching there on the 19th, and 
went into camp with the army at Falmouth. 

Soon after the 20th took the field the ladies of Jackson gave it an elegant 
silk ilag, on which was inscribed the State arms. Tiie flag was sent to the reg- 
iment cit Washington, but only reached it at the encampment opposite Fred- 
ericksburg. The presentation occurred on Thanksgiving day, 18(i2, in a pat- 
riotic addiess by Mrs. Governor Blair, read by Assistant Surgeon 0. P. Chubb, 
and an elegant response was made by Major Byron M. Cutcheon for the regi- 
ment. This flag was carried in all the cami)aigns of the regiment until the 
spring of 18G4, when becoming very much tattered and torn it became neces- 
sary to send it back to the State. 

The regiment«crossed the Rappahannock December 13th, 18G3, but being in 
the reserve at the battle of Fredericksburg, its loss was only 11 wounded, most 
of them slightly. After the return to camp near Falmouth the regiment suf- 
fered much from sickness, embarking at Aquia Creek February 19th, 1863, for 
New()ort News. It was favoi'ably located at that point, and the health and 
61)ints of the men rapidly improved. Leaving Newport News March 19th 
with the 9th corps, it proceeded via Baltimore, Parkersburg, and Cincinnati to 
Kentu(;ky. On the Uth of May a detachment of 100 men in command of 
Cajjtain Wiltsie, having been dispatched to break u[) a party of guerrillas at 
the narrows of the Cumberland, were attacked on their return by the advance 
guard of the I'ebel forces under General John H. Morgan, and were obliged to 
fall back with considerable loss. The following morning the entire force under 
Morgan attacked the 20th, then in command of Lieutenant Colonel Smith, in 
its position at the narrows of Horse Slioe Bend, on the Cumberland river. 
The light lasted all day, the enemy finally retiring with a loss, as ascertained, 
of between 300 and 400. The loss of the 20th amounted in all to 29, of 
whom 5 were kille<l, 19 wounded, and 5 missing, including among the killed 
Lieutenant W'm. M. Greene. 

This affair was considered one of the notable minor engagements of the day. 
The 20tli, comparatively without suj[)ports, retreat cut oil by a stream, broad, 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 399 

deep, and rapid, without entrenchments, repulse the charge of a large brigade, 
drive them with the bayonet, maintain a vigorous and sharp fight wilii an 
entire division, withdraw in good order, save their only jnece of artillery, bring 
ofl their wounded, and recross the Cumberland under fire. 

In a report made to the Adjutant General of the State, Colonel B. M. Cutch- 
eon, then Major of the regiment, says: 

"We had fallen back from Monticello to the Cumberland river, near Jamestown, at a 
point where the river makes a grand curve, known as Horse Shoe Bend. On Friday night, 
tlio 8th of May, we had sent out a hundred picked men under Captain W. D. Wiltsie, in 
search of the band of the notorious 'Champ Fargurson.' Companies A, C, and D were 
placed on picket under Captain George C. Barnes, at the 'narrows,' two miles from the 
ferry. By evening of May 9th our entire force had crossed to the north of the Cumber- 
land except the two parties already mentioned. The 20th had just crossed, when a cou- 
rier arrived with the intelligence that Wiltsie's force had been attacked by a large body 
and driviMi back, while the pickets under Barnes were being attacked also.* By direction 
of Lieutenant Colonel Smith, commanding the regiment, I rode at once to the front and 
found the pickets, with a remnant of Wiltsie's party, falling back to the river. Convinced 
that the most advantageous position to tight the enemy was at the ' narrows,' I rallied all 
our scattered forces, and leading them back to the 'narows,' posted them in time to meet 
and repulse a sharp attack of the enemy, who were the advance guai-d of GeneralJohn 
Morgan. 

"On the morning of the 10th the attack was renewed. During the early part of the 
night the remainder of the I'ogiment had come up, increasing our force to a little upward 
of 300. This little force was distributed over a wide front to as good advantage as possi- 
ble. Shortly after 8 o'clock A. M. the enemy attacked and drove in our outposts, and 
assaulted our main line. Our position was excellent. The enemy advanced with great 
confidence on front and flank, but was quickly and decisively repulsed with considerable 
slaughter. Then followed a sharp but desultory fight, continuing all day. During the 
day we were reinforced by 100 dismounted men of the 11th Kentuc'ky Cavalry, and one 
piece of artillery, and at 4 P. M. we resolved to take the offensive. The enemy lay in line 
along a cross road about 200 yards in front of us. Under cover of a rapid fire from our 
one gun we advanced to the charge with the bayonet. The men of the 20th behaved 
-Splendidly in this their first charge. Tlie enemy were routed and driven from the field, 
but soon threw forward their reserve brigade, and we were forced back witli severe loss 
to our first position. We were now fighting from eight to ten times our number. At 
times the fighting was hand-to-hand, and was maintained over half an hour, when we were 
again forced to take a new position. General Morgan now demanded our surrender, stat- 
ing that he had an entire division, and further resistance was useless. He was invited to 
'come and take us,' which he neglected to do. We soon received another hundred men 
and recrossed the river in the presence of a vastly superior force without further loss. 

"I consider this one of the most notable minor actions of the war. We see a handful 
of men without supports, and retreat cut off by a stream 150 yards wide, deep and rapid, 
without entrenchments, repulse the charge of a large brigade, and then in turn drive that 
brigade with the bayonet, then maintain a desperate fight with an entire division of nearly 
4,000 men, and finally withdrawing from the field in good order, bringing off our wounded 
and our one gun, and crossing the river in face of the enemy, the enemy acknowledging a 
loss of 157 killed. 

"For this affair we received the high encomiums of Colonel R. T. Jacobs, 9th Ken- 
tucky Cavalry, conunandiug, and the thanks in orders of General Burnside, commauduig 
9th corps." 

From the report of Lieutenant Colonel W. Huntington Smith : 

" Sunday, May 10th, 1863, at about 8 o'clock A. M., the enemy vigorously attacked our 
pickets with dismounted cavalry, and after a brisk resistance of ten minutes drove them 
hi upon the main line. I immediately brought forward Companies F, G, and I, who were 
in reserve, and established the line as follows: Comi)any F was deployed as skirmishers 
along a wooded ravine on the right to prtivent that Hank being turned; Companies C and 
K were massed behind the crest of a small hill to the right of the main road; while Com- 
panies A and D were massed in a similar manner beliind a fence on the cr(>st of a height 
to the left. These were to hold the road and jjrevent a cavalry dash. Companies B and 
E held the continuation of the fence to the left, and the extreme left was held by a battal- 
ion of tlie 12th Kentucky, cavalry companies dismounted. Companies I and G were in 
reserve at the foot of tlie hill in rear of tiie center. At about 4 P. M. one piece of Captain 



400 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

Sim's battery arrived upon the ground, and took position on an eminence on tlie extreme 
left. Companies B, I, and G were ordered forward to the support of the gun. The gua 
immediately opened a well directed fire upon the house, orchard, and woods in which 
the rebels were massed. At the same time a charge was ordered, which was executed in. 
most gallant style, clearing the enemy from the house, orchard, and fence, where they 
had lain during the day, and driving them into the woods. We were soon met dy a coun- 
ter charge in such immensely superior numbers that we were obliged to fall bacli to our 
former position, which was held with the greatest obstinacy for three-quarters of an hour, 
when the men being exhausted with the unequal contest and long abstinence from food 
and sleep, it was deemed prudent to withdraw to the north side of the Cumberland, which 
was done without loss or accident. 

" I take great pleasure in saying that not a company in the regiment but conducted 
itself in a brave, manly, and courageous manner, and all seemed over-anxious to be the 
first in and the last out of the fight. 

" We crossed the river without any confusion or accident, completing the same at about 
7 o'clock, and bivouacked for the night on a bluff commanding the ferry. I have to report 
with regret the loss of several excellent officers during the skirmish of Saturday and the 
fight of Sunday, consisting of Lieutenant William M. Green, of Company A, who was 
killed on Sunday, an officer highly esteemed by his men and much respected by his asso- 
ciate officers; also Lieutenant Clement A. Lounsberry, of Company I, wounded severely 
in the thigh on Saturday whUe returning to the regiment fi'om the party of scouts; and 
Lieutenant H. V. Knight, of Company H, who was taken prisoner with several soldiers of 
the scouting party. . 

"Monday, May 11th, I received orders to move back to Columbia, and commenced 
doing so at 12 M., under a very hot sun; marched thirteen miles and bivouacked for the 
night. On the way we met the 17th Michigan coming to our aid. 

"Tuesday, May 12th, marched at 6 o'clock, arriving at Columbia at 10.30 A. M. Here 
we joined the brigade and received our camp equipments and baggage. 

"Loss, 4 killed, 18 wounded, and 6 missing. 

"Where all the officers of my regiment were cool, active, and courageous, it is almost 
impossible to specify particular instances. I cannot, however, refrain from mentioning 
the names of Major Cutcheon, for his courage, promptness, and activity in dischargmg 
the duties of his office, which was done fearlessly, and times under great danger; Cap- 
tains Barnes, Grant, Wiltsie, Allen, Dewey, Carpenter, and Porter, and Lieutenant Bullis, 
All deserve mention, but these attracted my attention in particular. AU the officers and 
men vied with each other in their efforts to merit well of their country and of their com- 
mander. 

"Union kUled, 9; wounded, 35; rebels killed, 157; wounded, nearly 300." 

The Louisville Journal, June 4th, 1863, said : 

" The recent fight which Colonel Jacobs had with John Morgan near Narrow Horse- 
Shoe Bottom, a quarter of a mile from the Cumberland river, and about twelve miles 
above Monticello, in Wayne county, was much more destructive to the rebels than was at 
first supposed. The loss in killed has been definitely ascertained to be 157, while the 
wounded are variously estimated at from 350 to 500. It is certain that nearly every 
house in the neighboring valley contains disabled rebels. Our correspondent Fidler gives- 
an excellent account of this affair, but his information is in some respects incorrect. 

" The force of 450 men had been sent out by Colonel Jacobs to reinforce a party of lOO 
who had gone on an expedition to break up a desperate band of guerrillas. They were 
completely successful in their object, but fell in with the advance of Morgan's main 
army, when they retired in excellent order and fighting desperately. Captains W. D. 
Wiltsie, of the 20th Michigan Infantry, Wilson, of the 12th Kentucky Cavalry, and 
Searcey, of the 9th Kentucky Cavalry, led their men with great gallantry. The fight was 
in the open field of Coffey's, just outside the narrows of Horse Shoe Bottom, and was 
desperately contended for against Morgan's whole force for fifty-five minutes, after the 
gallant boys had previously almost destroyed Cluke's force and driven them to a point 
of surrender, which would have been accomplished had it not been for the timely aid of 
Morgan. A demand for an unconditional surrender was sent to Colonel Jacobs by Mor- 
gan, which iiaving been promptly refused, he carried his whole force to the north side of 
the river to rejoin his main command, and Morgan did not feel the least disposition to fol- 
low, but it is understood returned to Monticello. No men could have behaved better thaa 
the 12th Kentucky Cavalry and the 20th Michigan Infantry. Tliis spirited affair unques- 
tionably prevented iM organ from effecting a contemplated raid into our State, for prison- 
ers state that he acknowledged that the desperate resistance at the narrows had com- 
pletely frustrated all his plans. " 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 401 

The regiment, then in the 3d brigade, afterwards fell back to Columbia, 
and June od received orders to proceed with tlie.reuuiiiider of tlie 9th corps to 
reinforce General Grant, at Vicksburg. It aided in fortifying Hayne's lilufE 
and 0;ik Kiiige, and on the surrender of Vicksburg the regiment moved with 
the army to Jackson. July 10th and 11th it was engaged in skirmishing be- 
fore that place with a loss of three wounded. After the evacuation of Jack- 
son, the 2uth was sent to Madison Station to destroy the railroad. July 24th, 
it again reached Hayne's Bhiff. In this camjiaign of twenty days the heat was 
terrible, and many fainted on the march. l)uring its stay in Mississippi, the 
2Uth lost by deaths from disease eighteen men and two officers, Lieutenants 
J. B. Leeland and W. H. Fame, and at times almost half the regiment were 
sick. Embarking August 3d, the regiment proceeded to Kentucky, and on 
the 10th of September participated in the movement on Knoxville, Tennessee, 
marching via Cumberland Gap. October 10th, the regiment took part in the 
engagement at Blue Springs with a loss of one killed and two wounded. 

The JiOth Wcis, on the 1st of November, 1863, at Lenoir Station, East Ten- 
nessee, where it remained until the 14th. The enemy making, at this time, 
their advance toward Knoxville, the regiment was ordered to Hough's Ferry, 
with other forces, to check their advance, but on the 15th fell back to Lenoir 
Station, the regiment covering the retreat, and holding the Loudon Road 
during the night. On the Kith, the army continuing the retreat to Knoxville, 
the 2Uth with the 2d and 17th Michigan Infantry, were constituted the rear 
guard. The enemy followed them up with great vigor and at times pressed 
theai very heavily. At Turkey Creek, near Campbell's Station, the rear was 
attacked by the enemy in force, but successfully sustained the attack for over 
two hours, when they were reinforced. The loss of the 20th during this action 
was 33 in killed and wounded. Among the former was its commanding officer, 
Lieutenant Colonel Smith. 

The commanding officer's report says: 

'•* * * On the 16th November our army commenced moving back on Knox- 
ville, and the 2l)th, 2d and i7th Michigan regiments were constituted rear guard to the 
army, a post of great honor and responsibility, as the enemy were pressing us very heav- 
ily. When we reached Turliey Creek, McLaw's rebel division attacked us with great 
vigor, and we became heavily engaged. Among the first who fell was Lieutenant Colonel 
W. Huntington Smith, who had commanded ihe regiment several months. He was a 
brave and efficient officer, and his loss is deeply felt by the regiment." * ♦ * 

On the morning of the 17th, the regiment, in command of Major Cutcheon, 
arrived at Knoxville, having marched all niglit over bad roads, it being the 
third night that it had been without rest. Tlie enemy made their appearance 
before Knoxville on the 17th, and commenced the siege, which continued until 
the 5th of Ufcember. On the 29th of November it assisted in repelling the 
desperate assault made on Fort Saunders, losing two killed and eight seriously 
wounded. Thirteen of the regiment on picket at the time, were reported 
missing. 

From commanding officer's report is taken the following: 

"* * • At Knoxville the regiment occupied a position on the most exposed 
part of the line, and lost heavily in the trenches. Captain W. D. Wiltsie, who fell during 
the siege, was an officer of great ability, zeal, and courage." * • * ♦ ♦ 

He was mortally wounded on the 25th of November, and died on the 27th 
of the same month. 

From correspondence Detroit Advertiser and Tribune is taken the following: 
51 



402 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

Headquakters 20th Michigan Infantey, ) 

Near Blain's Cross Roads, East Tennessee, Jan. 1, 1864. ) 

"As your former correspondent with this brigade C'J. T. M.') has had the misfortune to 
'fail to connect,' in other words has been captured, and is now paying his devoirs to Miss 
'Libbie Prison,' perhaps you will consider it no intrusion if another — an old friend — takes 
up his fallen mantle. Since the late operations in East Tennessee I have seen so much 
in the northern journals that was absolutely /aZse— so much that was only partially true 
— so much that lacked in justice to the JVlichigan troops, and so much that was more than 
just to certain other troops, that I am forced for the nonce to throw down the sword 
and take up the quill. It was but this evening that I took up a paper — a Michigan paper 
— containing what purported to be a list of casualties in this regiment. In the first place 
the number was less than one-fourth of the real number, and in the second place there 
•was not a single name correctly given. The list was copied from an eastern paper and 
is of a piece with the greater share of their correspondence. 

"Justice has not been done the Michigan boys, and with your permission I would give 
you some history of Burnside's last campaign in East Tennessee, with facts and figures. 

"It was on the 27th of October, 1863, that we evacuated Loudon and fell back to 
Lenoir, hoping to remain in whiter quarters there for some time. Until November 13th 
we, the 9th corps, were engaged in building winter quarters. But on the night of Novem- 
ber 13th Mr. Longstreet very ungenerously and rudely disturbed our dreams of bliss by 
■crossing the Tennessee six miles below Loudon. 

" The river at this point makes an immense 'horse shoe' with Loudon at one point of 
the heel and Hough's Ferry at the other. The distance around is six miles, the distance 
across but a mile and a half. On the morning of November Idth General White, who 
occupied the heights opposite Loudon, fell back with his division to Lenoir, and his trains 
were on their way to Knoxville. General Burnside — 'Old Burny' — whom we have fol- 
lowed ever since we have been soldiers — was telegraphed for. He came. Those of us 
who saw him that day will never forget how that engine came flying in, with the General's 
own hand at her throttle. 'Eight about,' was the order, and in twenty minutes our col- 
umns were on the vosid facing the enemy and General White's own division in the advance. 
By dark we had driven the enemy back within a mile of the ferry. That night we lay 
face to lace with him. He was strongly posted on a peninsula, both flanks protected by a 
river, his position covered completely by batteries planted in works on a commanding 
lieight, on the opposite side of the river. During the night dispatches were received 
from General Grant which changed the programme. Before daylight the next morning we 
began falling back, which we did without any molestation from the enemy. By noon of 
the 15th our division (Ferrero'sj, was again at Lenoir, tired, hungry, muddy, and sleepy. 
About 2 o'clock F. M. this regiment (_20th JMichigan), was sent back three miles to a cross 
road connecting the Loudon and Kingston roads. We took up position, covered the 
retreat of the army, and held the road during the night. 

" During the afternoon the enemy made his appearance upon the Kingston road and 
some skirmishing ensued. That night we lay in skirmish hne, face to face with the 
enemy again, without sleep or even unslinging "knapsacks. 

" At daylight we were again on the road, or rather in the mud, — for the road was a bed 
of mud— and our brigade, the 3d, was the rear guard to cover the retreat. 

" The brigade did not muster over 70U muskets, and consisted of the 2d, 17th, and 20th 
Michigan regiments. The 17th, of ' Stonewall ' fame, was in the rear, the 20th next, and 
the 2d in advance. 

" We had hardly taken the road when the rebels pushed forward their skirmishers in 
close pursuit. 

" Twice in the course of the morning we formed in line of battle, but no actual collision 
occurred until we reached a point a mile and a half in front of Campbell's station. At 
this point a cross road connects the Kingston with the Loudon road, about three-fourths 
of a mile from their junction. McLaw's division of Longstreet's corps had been pressing 
forward upon our lelL Hank to cut us off at this cross road, but we succeeded in gaining 
the pohit just a few minutes ahead of them. 

" It now became necessary to check the advance of the rebel column in order to gain 
time for our main force, with the artillery, to get into position. Just in rear of the cross 
I'oad above imuitioned is a small creek upon which is a saw mill. Just in front of this 
creek, with a line of skirmishei-s in advance, the 17th Michigan was formed. In rear of 
the creek were the 2d and 2()lh Michigan, the former on the right, the latter on the left 
of the road. We had scarcely formed when the rebels attacked luriously. The 17th were 
orden^l to hold the cre(;k as long as they could and then fall back. Meanwhile the 2d 
and 20th were ordered back by General Ferrero to a new and better position. We were 
posted on the top of a hill, an open field in front — beyond it woods — on both flanks woods. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 403 

The wounded of the 17th began to come back rapidly. The volleys of musketry became 
momentarily nearer and heavier. Soon the 17th emerged from tlie woods in front, liglit- 
ing gallantly but much cut up. They fell back in line of battle, passed around our left 
flank and filed into the road to the rear. The rebels rapidly pressed up heavv columns on 
both our flanks, under cover of the woods. Already they began to rake us, when we were 
again ordered back. "We fell back step by step, disputing each foot of ground. Every- 
thing was deliberate and orderly. 

" Our little band was now reduced to about GOO men, and yet there was no haste, no 
confusion, though we faced a division of veterans. Colonel Humphrey, of the 2d Michi- 
gan, commanding the biigade, gave his orders with coolness and judgment, and they were 
obeyed with promptness and precision. In our rear was a piece of woods, skirted by a 
high rail fence. Behind this it was resolved to make a decided stand. The 17th was 
formed on the left of the 20th. The fire now became rapid and destructive. Colonel 
Smith fell, shot though the b^ain. Several officers of the 17th were already wounded. 
Captain Farrand of the 2d was wounded. Every moment some man fell. Our ranks were 
fast thinning, and still McLaw's heavy columns pressed down on our flanks. It was a 
critical moment. To stay there was to be captured; to fall back was full of peril. Slowly 
and sullenly our boys gave up the ground, bringing off the wounded and dead. "We had 
now reached the middle of the woods. The rebels were pressing our left flank very hard, 
when the 17th and the left wing of the 20th charged and drove them back and threw them 
into confusion. 

"We made good use of the lime thus gained, and fell back to the edge of the woods, 
when our eyes were gladdened by the 1st brigade advancing to our support. In our rear 
as we faced the enemy was a broad, open field, half a mile across. Tlirough this we must 
faU back. Our lines were re-formed, and with as steady a step and as true a line as if on 
brigade drill, we fell back across the field, while a rebel brigade poured volley after volley 
^ter us. 

"It was now noon. The first gun was fired at 10 A. M. For two hours our three little 
Michigan regiments, of Humphrey's brigade, had borne the brunt of the onset unsupported. 
We now took up a new position under cover of our guns. Soon the rebel skirmishers 
advanced, supported by a division of infantry. They came boldly and rapidly on, but our 
artillery soon scattered their skirmishers like chaff, and sent three brigades in confusion 
to the cover of the woods. 

" For two weary hours longer we lay under a raking fire of musketry and artillery. 
When, at 2 P. M., our brigade was withdrawn, being relieved by the 2d brigade, we moved 
back and stacked arms in a httle hollow, one hundred and fifty (150) were killed, wounded, 
and missing, out of less than 700 that we took in. And here let the figures be recorded', 
which no New York correspondent can write up or down, that one-half the enlii-e loss of 
our army at Campbell's Station fell upon these three Michigan regiments— the 2d, 17th, 
and 20th. 

"We had just stacked arms when Genera] Ferrero, who is clear 'grit' in a fight rode 
down wilh an aid in front of the colors of our regiment, and raising his hat, said: ' I come 
to thank you. You have done nobly. I am proud of you all,'— a compliment which the 
boys repaid with three hearty cheers. For the remainder of the day we were in the sec- 
one fine, sup[)()rting batteries, and when night came we again took the road. 

" Our old chief, Burnside, was everywhere, giving spirit and confidence to the men, but 
his brow this night looked anxious and careworn. I will not attempt to describe this 
weary, never-to-be-forgotten night march. This was our third night without sleep. 
Cold, hungry, sh^epy, tired with mareliiug and with fighting, we blundered, slid, and 
waded through that night of Egyptian darkness. Five o'clock A. M. of the 17Lh of Novem- 
ber found us at Knoxvilie, near what was to be, but was not yet. Fort Sanders. After an 
hour's repose, we moved to our position and began throwing up works. Day and night 
we toiled, as men only toil for life and victory. The 100th Pennsylvania, which had been 
absent from the brigade as escort to the trains, now rejoined us. On the night of the 17th 
General Burnside visited our works and approved them. , 

"On the lyth General Sanders made a gallant fight in front of the fort, to which he 
gave his name wilh his life. We saw the battle like apieture. The lOOtli Pennsylvania 
was on the left, the 20th Michigan on the right, wilh its two left companies in the fort. 
The 2d and 17lh were on our right. On the right of the main fort were tiu-ee strong 
lunettes, which were held by the left wing of the 20th. On the night of the 20tb of 
November the 17th Michigan made a brilliant sortie, driving back the rebel advanced 
posts, and burning the buildings in which they had gained cover. 

" On the morning of November 24th tiie 2d Michigan made the most brilliant sortie of the 
siege. Dayliglit that morning disclosed the fact that the rebels had advanced a nlle-pit 
into the open field on the west front of the fort. This pit extended some twenty rods at 
right angles from a heavy piece of timber. To the 2d was assigned tlie work of taking 



404 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

and holding this pit. Never was work more fearlessly undertaken — never was work more 
bravely accomplished. In the face of a well-directed fire from a whole brigade, they 
charged across an open field for a fourth of a mile, carried the work at the point of the 
bayonet with a cheer, held it for half an hour, without support, and only gave it up when 
the 2d Michigan had almost ceased to be. 

" They went in with 160 muskets; they lost 83 men. They went in with 11 officers;. 
the came out with 5. Byington, Noble, Galpin, Zoellner, brave hearts! vain was your 
gallantry. Sad that folly should waste so much rich blood. I will not offer criticism, for 
I might say that which would be unmilitary. I will not say who planned or who ordered 
the attack; I do not know. But it is understood that it came from a source higher than 
the division commander. But this I will say, that I have heard but few speak of it in any 
other terms than as a butchery. 

"I hasten to the close of this already too prolix history. On the morning of Sunday, 
November 29th, General Longstreet made his long-expected assault upon Fort Sanders. 
This is a part of the siege more misrepresented than any other. One officer, high in 
command, who ought to have known, says that the forces who defended the fort were the 
79th New York, the 29th Massachusetts, and a detachment of the 2d Michigan. A certain 
New York paper gives the whole credit to the 79th New York. The correspondent of the 
Cincinnati Gazette says that they consisted of the 79th New York, four companies of the 
100th Pennsylvania, and four companies of the 2d Michigan. ' Who shall decide when 
doctors disagree?' Having been in the fort at the time, which I doubt if any of these 
authors were, I am able to state exactly what forces were there. 

" There was the 79th New York, numbering from 100 to 125 men, from the 1st brigade. 
There were four companies of the 29th Massachusetts, numbering about 75 men, of the 
2d brigade, and four companies of the 2d Michigan, numbering about 60 men. and three 
companies of the 20th Micliigan, numbering about 80 men, of the 3d brigade — all of 
Perrero's (Ist) division of the old 9th army corps. There were Benjamin's and a part of 
Buckley's and a part of Roemer's batteries. That's who 'killed cock robin,' exactly. 
Let it be recorded, that in the defense of Fort Sanders Michigan boys stood first among 
tlie foremost; and if loss is any test of exposure, then the 20th was more exposed than 
any other regiment. 

" I will not go into the details of the Impetuous, determined, gallant assault, nor of the 
terrible, decisive, and bloody repulse. You are already too familiar with the story. 
Ditches filled with dead and wounded mingled — the slope literally covered with the slain. 
God's mild, loving, sunUt Sabbath never looked down on a more fearful sight. Three 
battle flags, 225 prisoners, and 700 stand of arms were the trophies. Five hundred killed 
and wounded, the cost of this fearful experiment. 

" Tlien came a few nights of terribly anxious watching. One-half the men were kept 
in the trenches day and night. But the morning of December 5th came, and Longstreet 
— where was he? There were grateful hearts that morning; and there were sad hearts, 
too, for our three small Michigan regiments of the 3d brigade had lost 302 of then- num- 
ber since we left Lenoir. 

" More than half the loss on the north side of the river during the siege fell upon them. 
Each had lost its commanding officer. Huntington Smith, Comstock, Byington— this 
mountain-girt city is hallowed by your blood. Wiltsie, Noble, Galpin, Zoellner, Bil- 
lingsly — they sleep with their chiefs, in the bosom of that land they died to redeem. Out 
of fourteen officers who fell in the late series of battles, eight were from Michigan regi- 
ineiits of Huraphi-ey's brigade. Proud State to claim such sons! Brave hearts! Noble 
soldiers! True men! Green be their graves! 'Loving sunshine fail them never — fail 
them not, ye gentle showers — above them, good angels write Resurgam.' " 

On the raising of the siege, the regiment participated in the pursuit of the 
enemy as far as Bean's Station, but falling back to Blain's Cross Roads, it 
there encamped until the IGth of January, 1864. From the comnienceraent 
of the retreat to Knoxville, during the siege and the movements subsequent 
thereto, and while at Blain's Cross Koads, the regiment endured much hard- 
ship and privations. Living on quarter rations, foraged from an almost desti- 
tute country, their sufferings were greatly increased by the want of clothing. 
On an inspection made during the intensely cold weather in January, it was 
found that some were entirely without shoes, and others nearly barefooted; a 
large number were without overcoats, and but few had a change of under- 
clothing. The regiment marched to Strawberry Plains on the 10th of Jan- 
uary. On the 20Lh, our forces having withdrawn, the regiment was left to 



MICHIGAN m THE WAR. 408 

guard the crossing of the Holsten river. January 21st it was engaged in skir- 
mishing with the enemy, but on the following day fell back to near Knoxville, 
skirmishing with the rebel cavalry during the movement. On the 24:th it 
bioke camp near Knoxville, and participated in the advance to Morristown, 
falling back to Mossy creek March 2d, where it remained until the return to 
Morristown on the 12th. On the 14th, with a small body of cavalry, the regi- 
ment engaged in a reconnoissance to the bend of Chucky river, seven miles 
from Bull's Gap, where the enemy were in force. Finding two battalions of 
rebel cavalry posted at the mouth of Lick creek, the regiment forded the 
stream and forced the enemy's position, the rebels fleeing and leaving their 
camp baggiige and a number of arms and horses. Marching from Knoxville, 
the regiment on the 21st proceeded to Nicholasville, Ky., thence by railroad 
to Annapolis, Md., its corps having been ordered to join the eastern armies. 

Joining the army of the Potomac, the regiment, commanded by Colonel 
Cutcheon, and then in the 2d brigade, 3d division, same corps, crossed the 
Eappahannock on the 4th of May, 1864, and the Rapidan at Germania Ford, 
on the 5th. It participated in the battle of the Wilderness on the Gth, losing 
1 killed, 5 wounded, and 2 missing. On the 8th the regiment formed part of 
the rear guard in the movement of its corps to Chancellorsville. On the 9th 
it took part in the engagement on the banks of the Ny river, and on the 12tii, in 
command of Lieutenant Colonel Geo. C. Barnes, Colonel Cutcheon having been 
wounded on the 10th, participated in the attack on the enemy's works at 
Spottsylvania Court House, sustaining in the action a loss of 30 killed, S2 
wounded, and 31 missing, including among the killed. Captains Koswell P. 
Carpenter, Walter McCollum, and Lieutenant David E. Ainsworth, while 
Lieutenant James B. Gould, who was severely wounded, died of his wounds in 
Libby Prison m June following. 

A correspondent writes as follows: 

"We mjiiched from Warrenton Junction, Virginia, May 4th, 1864, and on the 5th 
recrossed the Kapidan and took position on the right of the army of the I'otomac, then 
fighting in the Wilderness. That battle has passed into history, and I need not here 
repeat its story. In the first day's fighting we had no share, but in the second day's bat- 
tle we had our part, though fortunately our loss was small. In the charge on the after- 
noon of the 6lh of May the 2Uth captured twenty piisoners, including one adjutant, and a 
well-timed attack checked a flank movement of an entire rebel brigade. On the with- 
drawal of the army from the Wilderness, May 8th, the 2Uth was selected to cover the 
rear, which they did in good style, keeping their skirmisheis well out to the rear, and 
checking the enemy's advance. On tiie yth of May the regiment led in the advance across 
the river Ny, supporting the skirmishers. In this action the regiment bore itself with 
such coolness and bravery as to gain the commendation of the brigade and superior com- 
manders. On the loth we were again engaged in a charge upon the enemy's works, in 
which the hne advanced in magnihcent style. The loss of the regiment Wcis again small. 

" But on the 12th of May the 2Uth charged through an open held upon a rebel battery, 
advancing in good order to within a few rods of the guns. The regiment upon the left 
being struck in flank gave way, and the 20th was taken in flank and rear and almost sur- 
rounded, but fought their way out with great loss. Up to thia time the regiment hud lost 
about 150 men, having been engaged four times in less than a week. 

" We now enji)yed a short respite from lighting. On tlie 21st of May we began the 
second great Hank movement, and upon the 23d arrived at the North Anna river. The 
next morning, 24th, the 2Uth was selected to lead the charge of the 'Jth corps across tho 
dver. The command was drawn u[) for the charge. On tho opposite side frowned 
formidable rebel batteries and field works full of guna and veteran troops. It was ordered 
that the 20ih should charge across a loid, waist deep, deploy as skirmishers and take the 
works. Every man considered his death warrant sealed, but no man faltered. 

" ' Each man looked to hill and sky and plain, 
As things they ne'er might see again.' 



406 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 

" But those ranks had never broken and they were ready for the order to charge. Bu^ 
wiser counsels prevailed and the order was countermanded, and if ever a load was lifted 
from brave hearts it was that day. That night the regiment built breastworks and occu- 
pied them as sharpshooters until the 27th, during which time they kept the guns in the 
enemy's works silent. » 

" On the 27th of May began the third flank movement, and marching rapidly day and 
night the lines before Richmond were reached. 

"The regiment occupied a position near Bethesda Church. On the 2d of June, when 
the 9th corps was withdrawn from the extreme right to the take position near Cold Harbor, 
the 20th Michigan again covered the rear. The movement of the column being delayed 
the 20th was sent back to the forks of the road for picket. They had not reached their 
position and were still marching by the flank, when suddenly they were attacked by the 
enemy in force, who had succeeded in turning our flank. The regiment was instantly 
thrown into hne as skirmishers and met the charge of the enemy with steadiness and 
success. For a long time, unassisted, they held the enemy at bay, until the division 
could be formed and the artillery put in position, thus saving the whole corps from sur- 
prise and perhaps from disaster. In this action the regiment suffered heavily. On the 
next day the command was again engaged and with considerable loss. 

"When the fourth great flank movement (that across James river j began the 20th onc« 
more was rear guard of the corps. 

" This was the most severe march of the season. For five nights the most of the reg- 
iment did not lie down to sleep. Three nights they were upon the march, and two nights 
they lay upon their arras. The end of these five days found them in front of Peters- 
burg, on the evening of June 16th. On the 17th they participated in a charge upon the 
rebel lines, in which they escaped with shght loss. 

" But the next day, June 18th, they were not so fortunate. Charging half a mile across 
an open field, and across a deep railroad cut, thoroughly enfiladed by the enemy's lire, 
they lost one-half their number, including Major Geo. B. Barnes, commanding, a very 
brave and efficient officer, and Captain Dewey and Lieutenant Geo. B. Hicks, both val- 
uable and experienced officers. 

" That night the regiment threw up breastworks, and during the night were withdrawn 
from the front line. On the 20th of June the command was again put in the trenches, 
where they remained without relief until the 25th of July. 

" After the battle of the 18th of June the regiment numbered 106 muskets, which num- 
ber was increased by returned convalescents, etc., to 128 on the 1st of July. 

" After being on picket on the left rear of the army for a few days, the regiment was 
again brought to the front on the night of the 29th of July and participated in the gallant 
but unfortunate charge of the 30th ult. 

" In this charge the regiment captured quite a large number of prisoners, including 
some officers. When most of our force fell back the 20th gallantly held its position in 
the rebel works, refusing to retire until they were almost completely surrounded, and their 
colors were kept defiantly fiying on the enemy's fort so long as there was a man to defend 
it. Out of this fight we came with the loss of one-half of the force engaged." 

From regimental commander's report the following is taken : 

" On the 12th of May the regiment participated in the attack upon the enemy's works 
at Spottsylvania Court House, advancing over an open space between two belts of timber. 
The enemy coming in on our liank and rear under cover of heavy woods (the troops on 
our lefl having given way). Major Barnes commanding moved tiie regiment by the left 
into the woods. Here we were met by a rebel brigade returning from an ineffectual 
charge upon one of our batteries, and a hand to hand encounter ensued by which we 
fought our way out, bringing off our colors in safety and capturing a few prisoners, but 
losing heavily in officers and men. " 

Leaving the breastworks, which it had thrown up on the 31st, the regiment 
reached tlie North Anna river on the evening of the '.^Sd. Throwing up 
breastworks on the north bank of the stream, it occupied the position until 
the 2?th, when it took up its line of march for the Pamunky river, which it 
crossed at midnight of tlie ^iSth. On the 2d of June, being detailed as rear 
guard, it was attacked by the enemy, but repulsed them, and held the position 
during the withdrawal of its corps. June 3d the regiment was in the second 
line during the engagement near Bethesda Church, and suffered severely. 
Crossing tlie James river, the regiment arrived in front of Petersburg on the 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 407 

16th, and on the next day was engaged as support to the force attacking the 
enemy's lines, suffenng but slight loss. On the 18th the regiment charged 
over an open field and through a cut in the Suffolk railroad, to a point near 
the enemy's lines, where it constructed rifle-pits. During this attack it suf- 
fered severely from a galling cross-fire, and lost more than one-half of the 
number engaged. 

A correspondent writes: 

" So constantly have we been in the front, on the march, and under orders to be ready 
to move at a moment's notice, that I have not had time to chronicle any of the stining 
events in whirh we have been engaged. We cannot act and write too at the same time. 
We must leave the latter to non-combatants, who spend most of the time in the rear. 
When the storm is over, our friends shall then have a full account of the part the 2')th has 
borne in the conflict. On the 2d our corps changed its position, moving toward the left. 
The enemy, discovering our movement, followed closely. Our regiment, under Major 
Barnes, was sent back to picket two roads. We had no time to post our men before the 
enemy came upon us in heavy force. Our boys drove back one regiment, advancing in 
line over an open field. Fortunately a short distance behind us was a gravel rifle-pit, in 
which some of our forces were quickly placed. Our pickets were placed in a belt of tim- 
ber and awaited their approach. At dark they attacked, driving in the pickets and charg- 
ing upon the pit. In fifteen minutes, however, they went back,leaving some of their dead 
within four rods of the pit. Our loss was 3 killed, 18 wounded, and 13 missing. Among 
the missing is Captain Dodge, Company I. Among the killed is Sergeant 13. Farms, 
Company D, known by all as one of the bravest of the brave, and one of the noblest 
among men. For two nights we had had no sleep, but on the 3d the 1st brigade had 
orders to charge the rebel pit. Our brigade was to support them, and in getting into 
position we were exposed to fire from the rebels, making an additional loss of 1 killed and 
18 wounded. Lieutenant Carpenter, Company A, received a severe but not dangerous 
wound in the head. The fight raged fiercely on the right during a great part of the after- 
noon. Our batteries opened with terrible effect as the enemy i-etrcated during the night, 
leaving us masters of the field. We found between 2(J0 and 300 dead horses, two caissons 
blown up and one abandoned, the graves of many dead rebels, and some still unbiiried. 
Last evening we moved about two miles further to the left, to our present position. Under 
the command of Major Barnes, aided by brave officers and supported by brave men, our 
regiment wins fresh honors, but at the sacrifice of many noble men." 

The commanding officer's report says: 

"* * * On the 18th of June the regiment made a charge across a wide, open field 
and through a railroad cut, exposed to a galling cross-fire from the enemy's artillery and 
musketry. Then charging again from the railroad to within 160 yards "of the enemy's 
works, we threw up rifle-pits and held our position until midnight, when we were with- 
drawn. Our loss in these charges was one-half of the number engaged. Our gallant 
Lieutenant Colonel Geo. C. Barnes, commanding regiment. Captain "Wm. A. Dewey 
Lieutenant George R. Hicks, are among the killed. " * * * 

Withdrawing at night, of the 18th of June, the regiment, again in com- 
mand of Colonel Cutcheon, was placed in reserve until the 20th, wIumi it ao-uin 
moved into the trenches, remaining there without relief until the 25th, when 
it was again withdrawn to the rear. On the 30th of July it participated with 
Willcox's division in the action following the springing of the mine near 
Petersburg, charging into and planting its colors ou the rebel works. 

Colonel Cutcheon says in a report: 

"We charged at 8 A. M. in the face of a terrific fire of musketry, canister, and shoU, 
and maintained our position, efficiently absisting in repulsing three assaults until 7.30 P.* 
M., losing 52 out of 110 men. After that ill-1'atcd day wv rnuonibered with some pride 
and consolation that ours were the last Union colors displayed from the enemy's works." 

The 2Uth played a conspicuous part in the charge referred to; courage, 
endurance, and indomitable pluck marked their course; the advance desper- 
ate; they charge over open ground; the enemy's fire thick, withering, and 
murderous; they reach the pit; it soon becomes a slaughter-pen ; there is uo 



408 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

escape except through the leaden hail, to certain death ; charges and counter- 
charges, rapid and desperate; the final rebel charge conies at last with a yell; 
most of the Union troops alive had reached their main line, about thirty of 
the 20th in the crater, defending their colors, still flying defiantly; teivescape, 
the others prisoners; Bush and Phillips cut up the colors and staff, hurriedly 
bury them deep in the sand, and then fall into rebel hands as prisoners. 

As there were six Michigan regiments, 2d, 8tli, 17th, 20th, 2?th, and 1st 
Sharpshooters, in Willcox's division, the following notice, from the American 
Cyclopedia, 1864, of the affair of the springing of the mine and the action 
which followed is inserted : 

" Immediately after the explosion, the cannonading from a hundred guns commenced. 
Gradually recovering from his surprise the enemy began to respond, and soon their entire 
line was engaged. Meantime, after a few moments' delay, General Marshall's brigade, 
of General Ledlie's division, began to advance across the deadly plain. The supporting 
brigades spread out and enveloped the flanking rille-pits, capturing about 200 prisoners. 
The breach was gained, and the troops began to reform for the assault. Meanwhile the 
enemy rallied and poured a terrific enfilading fire upon the captured fort. At length the 
9th corps was formed after a fatal delay, and with General Potter's division on the riiiht, 
Ledlie's in the center, and Willcox's on the left, under cover of the fire of two guns, began 
the charge. At every step the fire of the enemy, in front and on each flank, concen- 
trated with greater fury upon them, and ploughed their ranks with slaughter. The 
charge was checked on the side of the crest, there was a halt, and finally the whole 
line, wavering under terrible odds, recoiled to the fort. His fire was directed straight 
upon the dismantled fort, now become a slaughter pen in which were huddled the frag- 
ments of the 9th corps, hoping for relief from their comrades who lay in their entrench- 
ments 200 yards distant. Then squads of men began the work of retreating. But the 
enemy kept up a destructive cross-fire over every rod of the space between the fort 
and the Federal fines. The retreating movement, however, was kept up. Meanwhile the 
enemy made several charges upon the ruins of the fort, Avhich were bravely resisted 
by some of the officers and the remnants of the corps. About noon, however, a general 
retreat was ordered, a considerable part of the survivors of the assault having already 
crossed to the rear. Those who remained in the fort having exhausted their ammu- 
nition, and being left unsupported by the rest of the army, were captured at 2 P. M. by 
a final charge of the enemy. " 

Moving to the rear, the regiment rested until the 14th of August, 1SG4, when 
it again moved into the trenches, whence it withdrew on the lV)th, and engaged 
in the movement on the Weldon railroad, with slight loss. Maiching toward 
Yellow House the 20th, then in the same brigade, 1st division, threw up breast- 
works, and encamped until the 25th of August, when it marched toward 
Keams's Station *(^ .«.i..f^.njt; me tioops there engaged, but did not participate 
in the a'^i-i^^. It took part in the action of the 30th of September, near Pop- 
"• . opring Church, losing a number in prisoners. 

The commanding officer's report says: 

" * • The enemy charged upon the line of the right of our brigade and succeeded 
in breaking it. Our line, however, maintained its position untfi the enemy was upon our 
flank and rear, when we leceived ordeis to fall back, which we did in good ordi'r. On 
reaching the road we halted and again faced the enemy, and on receiving orders made a 
second moven)cnt to the rear in perfect order, until reaching a swamp by which the regi- 
ment was cut off from the rest of the brigade. Here the enemy's ca\alry charged our left 
fiank, pouring in seveial volleys as the men were forcing their way tlirough the swamp 
tangled with vuies and brambles. At this point the regiment lost two ofliceis and twenty- 
one men killed. Adjutant J. E. Seibert, a most valuable oflicer, fell while encouraging 
and steadying tlie men. Captain Oliver Blood also fell mortally wounded. He was a 
meritorious officer." • • * 

October 8th, 1864, the regiment was engaged in a reconnoissance on the 
right of the enemy's position, and covered with its skirmishers the withdrawal 
of the reconnoitering force. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 409 

During the year, of the commissioned officers of the regiment 11 vfere 
killed in action or died of wounds, 10 were wounded, and 2 taken prisoners. 
Of the enlisted men, 526 were killed, wounded, or captured, making the 
aggregate loss 548. 

On November 1st, in command of Lieutenant Colonel Grant, it was 
encamped at Peeble's Farm near Petersburg and still serving in the 2d brigade, 
then commanded by Colonel Cutcheon since October 17th, and in same divis- 
ion and corps, and was engaged on picket duty and in building fortifications, 
and on the 28th moved with its division to the extreme right of the line east 
of Petersburg, and during the night took position in the trenches, the regi- 
ment occupying battery 9, near the Appomattox river, and relieving a portion 
of the 2d corps. The enemy, having been apprised of the movement, had 
posted sharpshooters in convenient positions, who kept up a continuous fire 
through the night, killing several men of the regiment. 

During the winter which followed, the regiment, still under command of Col- 
onel Grant, Colonel Cutcheon being appointed to the 27th, November 12, l8G-i, 
continued in that position, within range of the enemy's fire from mortar batter- 
ies in front, and also on the right flank from batteries across the river 
mounted with Whitworth and sixty-four-pounder rifle guns. From these points 
he usually opened fire at intervals of three or four days, driving every man to 
the shelter of the works. The picket trenches being only about two hundred 
yards apart at that point from those of the enemy, consequently much annoy- 
ance and danger was experienced from the fire of his pickets; and on Febru- 
ary 15th, 18G5, while Captain H. F. Rijbinson was riding along the lines he 
was killed by a rebel sharpshooter. Owing to the insufiiciency of shelter and 
scarcity of fuel the men in the trenches suffered much hardsliip, while at the 
same time their duties were arduous, being engaged on picket or fatigue duty 
every other day. 

About March 1st, 1SG5, the enemy was observed strengthening his works iu 
front as if he expected an assault. Ou the 13th, the regiment, iu command 
of Major Francis Porter, Colonel Grunt having resigned, was under arms 
anticipating an attack, and on the 15th it received orders to be ready to move 
at a moment's notice. All sick were sent to City Point and the men required 
to sleep on their arms every night. On the morning of the 25th, about 4 
o'clock A. M., the command was aroused by sentine.l's cry of "A charge 1" 
and the men were immediately ordered to the woius. It Wi^o still dark and no 
one seemed to comprehend the nature or extent of the attack ; there was an 
irregular firing heard a short distance ou the left, and it was soon ascertained 
that the enemy had captured Fort Steedman, and that he was swinging 
around to tlie right in rear with the intention of capturing all on the right of 
the captured fort, and nothing but the vigilance and bravery of this regiment, 
then in command of Captain Albert A. Day, Major Porter having received a 
leave of absence on the day previous, but remained with the regiment and 
participated iu the defense of the fort, and the 2d Michigan which occupied 
battery 9 and Fort Steedman, prevented the success of his movement. The 
2d Michigan was forced back into battery 9 with considerable loss in prisoners. 
All the rebel batteries in front of the position were opened on that portion of 
the line occui)ied by the 20lh and 2d Michifran, also the guns of the captured 
fort, while the enemy was pouring in at the breach, and at the same time i)re- 
paring for a cluirge in front. The 17th Michigan, advancing frum division 
headquarters, charged rapidly ou the advance in front, but was driven back by 
53 



410 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

a superior force. Ke-forming it again charged, the 20th and 2d Michigan 
charging gallantly on the right, covered by the guns of Fort McGilvery. 
The enemy, seeing that success was impossible, became utterly demoralized, 
and retreated hasLily in great disorder to his works. The 2Uth wite then 
deployed along the picket line and succeeded in capturing about 350 of the 
retreating enemy, who were delivered inside our lines. During the attack the 
regiment lost nine wounded, three mortally. On the 26th, anticipating another 
attack, the regiment was constantly under arms. On the 29th the enemy 
opened a furious fire, wounding four men, and on the 30th it was ordered out 
through the covered way to the picket trench, receiving orders, together with 
the 2d Michigan and 1st Michigan Sharpshooters, to make a dash on the rebel 
works. It was decided that the 2d Michigan should make the chaige, sup- 
ported by the 1st Sharpshooters on the left and the 20th on the right. The 2d 
started on the charge preceded by fifty axmen to cut away the chevaux defrise, 
but the furious fire of the enemy indicated that he was fully prepared and the 
attack at that point was abandoned. 

Fort Mahon, about two miles to the left of the position held by this regi- 
ment, was captured by our troops on April 1st, while at the same time a heavy 
demonstration was made on the right by the 1st Michigan Sharpshooters, 
which captured and for a short time held a portion of the enemy's works, and 
the 2Uth, together with the whole brigade, was kept in constant readiness for 
a charge, should not our forces succeed in holding Fort Mahon; and a heavy 
artillery fire was kept up during the whole day and night by all our batteries, 
and during the second the regiment was held in readiness for a charge; and 
at 3 o'clock A. M. on the 3d it was ordered toward the right to support the 1st 
Michigan Sharpshooters in a charge on the enemy's works, as it was supposed 
that he was evacuating. On arriving at the point indicated the sluirpshooters, 
followed by the 2d and 20th Michigan, charged into the city, capturing a 
number of prisoners, guns, and small arms, and at 4.10 A. M. the flag of the 
1st Michigan Sharpshooters was raised on the court-house of Petersburg, that 
being the first regiment which entered the city, and the 20th was immediately 
detailed on provost duty. On the 8th the regiment, with its brigade, was 
relieved from duty in Petersburg and ordered to the front, moving about 15 
miles southwest, on the South Side railroad, to Ford's Station, where the men 
of the regiment were HMtniJed as safe-guards at the various houses in the 
vicinity to prevent outrages being committed by both armies. On the 2Uth the 
regiment, still in command of Captain Day, was ordered to City Point, and 
arriving there on the 22d immediately embarked for Alexandria; reaching 
there on the 24th, it encampud about two miles from the city, near Fort Lyon, 
and on the 28th marched over Long bridge, through Washington and George- 
town, encamping about four miles from the latter place; and on the 23d of 
May, being then commanded by Colonel Clement A. Lounsbury, who had been 
commissioned to rank from March 11th, but had been serving on brigade 
staff, it participated in the grand review of the Army of the Potomac. The 
regiment was musiered out of service on the 3Uth, and started by rail for 
Michigan June Ist, arriving at Jackson on the 4th, and on the 9th was paid 
off and disbanded. 

Tlie 2Uth met the enemy at Fredericksburg, Va., December 13, 13, 14, 1862; 
Horse Shoe Bend, Ky., May 10, 18fJ3; siege of Vicksburg, Miss., June 22 to 
July 4, 1803; Jacksuii, Miss., July 11 to 18, 1863; Blue Springs, Tenn., 
October lU, 1863; Loudon, Tenn., JSfovember 14, 1863; Lenoir Station, Teuu., 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 411 

November 15, 1863; Campbell's Station, Tenn., November 16, 1863; siege of 
Kiioxville, Tenn., November 17 to December 5, 1803; Fort Saunders, Tenn., 
November 2t>, 1863; Tburley's Ford, Tenn., December 15, 1863 ; Strawberry 
Plains, Tenn., January 2:^, 186-1; Chucky Bend, Tenn., March 14, 1864; 
Wilderness, Va., May 5, 6, 7, 1864; Ny River, Va., May 9, 1864; Spottsyi- 
vHtiia, Va., May 10, 11, 12, 1864; North Anna, Va., May 24, 25, 1864; 
Bethesda Church, Va., June 2, 3, 1864; Cold Harbor, Va., June 7, 1864; 
Petersburg, Va., June 17, 18, 1864; The Crater, Va., July 30, 1864; Weidon 
railroad, Va., August 19, 21, 1864; Beam's Station, Va., August 25, 1864; 
Poj.lar Spring Church, Va., September 30, 1864; Pegram Farm, Va., October 
2, 1864; Boydton Road, Va., Octobers, 1864; Hatcher's Run, Va., October 
27,28, 1864; Fort Steedman, Va., March 25, 1865; capture of Petersburg, 
Va., April 3, 1665; siege of Petersburg, Va., from June 17, 1864, to April 3, 
1865. 

The regiment had 1,157 oflQcers and men in its membership, and lost 290; 
being killed in action, 10 officers and 64 men ; died of wounds, 3 officers and 
37 men; and 3 officers and 173 men died of disease. 

" When you fell at duty's call, 
Your fame it glittered high. 
As the leaves of the golden fall 
Grow brighter when they die." 






k 



TWENTY-FIRST REGIMENT INFANTRY. 



" God bless our nation's banner, long may it wave and dip; 
We'll fly it while our life-blood runs— we 'don't give up the ship.'" 

The 4th Congressional district was the field assigned to the 21st regiment, 
•which had its rendezvous at Ionia, with the Hon. J. B. Welch as commandant 
of ctimp, and the counties of Barry, Ionia, Montcalm, Kent, Ottawa, Muske- 
gon, Oceana, Newaygo, Mecosta, Mason, Manistee, Grand Traverse, Leela- 
naw, Manitou, Osceola, Emmet, Macliinac, Delta, and Cheboygan constituted 
the sections for recruiting, which commenced on the 15th of July, 1863, and 
on the 4th of September following the regiment was mustered into the service 
of the United States, with the following 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Colonel, Ambrose A. Stevens, Saranac. Lieutenant Colonel, William L. Whipple, De- 
troit. Major, Iisaac Hunting, Grand Haven. Surgeon, William B. Tliomas, Ionia. Assis- 
tant Surgeon, John Avery, Otisco. Second Assistant Surgeon, Charles E. Perry, Lowell. 
Adjutant, Morris B. Wells, Ionia. Quartermaster. Martin P. FoUett, Fair Plains. Chap- 
lain, Theodore Pihsbury, Hastings. 

The companies were mustered in under the following officers: 

A. Captain, Francis P. Minier, Ionia. First Lieutenant, AUyn W. Kimball, Ionia. 
Second Lieutenant, John Morton, Ionia. 

B. Captain, James Cavanaugh, Grand Kapids. First Lieutenant, Benton D. Fox, 
Lowell. Second Lieutenant, Albert G. Barr, Grand Eapids. 

C. Captain, Leonard 0. Fitzgerald, Hastings. First Lieutenant, Perry Chance, Hast- 
ings. Second Lieutenant, Marion C. Bussell. Hastings. 

D. Captain, Jacob Ferris, Ionia, First Lieutenant, James B. Eoberts, Ionia. Second 
Lieutenant, James A. Knight, Greenville. 

E. Captain, Alfred B. Turner, Grand Eapids. First Lieutenant, Edward Dunham, 
Grand Eapids. Second Lieutenant, Selden E. Turner, Hastings. 

F. Captain, Elijah H. Crowell, Greenville. First Lieutenant, Eobert Mooney, Green- 
ville. Second Lieutenant, Eben E. Ellenwood, Gi'eenville. 

G. Captain, Harry C. Albee, Grand Haven. First Lieutenant, Edgar W. Smith, Grand 
Haven. Second Lieutenant, George W. Woodward, Wright. 

H. Captain, Seymour Chase, Cannonsburg. First Lieutenant, Loomis K. Bishop, Can- 
noiibburg. Second Lieutenant, Eobert B. Eobinson, Giaud Eapids. 

I. Captain, John A. Ellsworth, Saranac. First Lieutenant, Herman Hunt, Hastings. 
Second Lieutenant, James H. Truax, Hastings. 

K. Captain, Herman Baroth, Ionia. First Lieutenant, Albert G. Eussell, Hubbardston. 
Second Lieutenant, Eli E. Burritt, Ionia. 

The regiment left its quarters at Ionia on the 12th of September in com- 
mand of Colonel Stevens, 1,008 strong, under orders to report at Cincinnati. 
It was immediately pushed forward into Kentucky via Louisville, and became 
early engaged in the realities of war. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 415 

A beautiful silk flag was provided by tbe ladies of Ionia and delivered to the 
21st Kegiment on the 6th of September, 186:^, at that city. The center of the 
flag was decorated with the American eagle, holding its quiver of arrows, olive 
branch, etc. Over this a small National flag, and beneath it the words 
"Union," ''Constitution." An excellent speech was made by L. B. Soule, 
Esq., on behalf of the ladies, to which Colonel A. A. Stevens, commanding 
the regiment, appropriately replied. Afterwards speeches were made by Z. 
Chandler, T. W. Ferry, and F. W. Kellogg. At the same time there was pre- 
sented a flag by the children of the Grand Haven Sunday-schools to Conijiany 
G of the regiment. 

The flag given the regiment was carried through all of its engagements, 
brought back to the State, and at a celebration on July 4th, 18G5, was form- 
ally returned, on behalf of the regiment, to the ladies by tiie Hon. Joha 
Avery, of Greenville, liic highest ranking otKcer of the regiment present, and 
was received on behalf of the ladies by the Hon. John B. Hutchins, of Ionia. 

On the 1st of Octobjr following it broke camp at Louisville and entered 
upon a long march through Kentucky. On the 8th it bore an important part 
in the battle of Perryville, suffering a loss of 24 wounded (1 mortally) and S 
missing. Colonel Stevens being among the wounded. 

Following is a report of Colonel A. A. Stevens made to Colonel Nicholas 
Greusel, now a citizen of Iowa, for many years prior to the war a citizen of 
Detroit, and at an early day identified with military organizations in that city. 
At the time of making the report referred to he was colonel of the oOih Illinois, 
and commanding o7th brigade, 11th division, Army of the Ohio. While Colonel 
Greusel during his entire service was an honor to the State from which he held 
his commission, he at the same time reflected honor u})on the State of Michi- 
gan, his early home, in which he had commenced his military career, and in 
which he had so long devoted himself to the building up of the military service 
of the State: 

"At about 11 o'clock A. M. of the 8th instant your order was rocoived to hasten for- 
ward with the rear of your brigade, consisting of the 21st Michigan, 8bth Illinois, and 24th 
"Wisconsin, cousin regiments, to where you were then engaged, some two miles distant. 
This order was promptly complied with, and upon arriving witliin one-quarter of a mile 
of your position we were halted by order of Major General Gilbert, where we remained 
for a few moments, when I received an order from Brigadier General Sheridan to support 
a section of Barnett's battery on a hill to the left. We remained in this position aljout 
one-half hour, when we were again ordered and led by Geneial Sheridan in person to- 
take position in line of battle upon the bi'ow of the hill on the riglit of Hescock's battery^ 
and in the rear and support of the 88th Illinois Infantry, *vho were then hotly engaged. 
"While taking this position our right wing was brought under lire, and it was at this time 
our casualties occurred. After remaining for some time in tliis position we were ordered 
by yourself to form in line of battle in the cornfield upon the left of the turnpike and in 
rear of the 36th Illinois, where I again received your further instructions to move forward 
with the two regiments to the edge of the woods in front, deploy into line of battle on the 
36th Illinois, and charge and take, if possible, a rebel battery which was then harassing 
our position. 

" I had scarcely given the order to advance when I was again ordered to move to the 
rear in support of Barnett's battery. This movement was promptly executed, when we 
again received your order to take our position in hue upon tlie hill to the left of Hescock'* 
battery, where we remained until the close of the action. In conclusion, permit me tt.) add 
that the coolness and bravery of both otticers and men of this regiment during the engage- 
ment was truly commendable, and I humbly trust will merit your favorable consideration. 
Lieutenant Colonel Whipple, Major Uunimg, and Adjutant Wi-Us each liUed their 
respective positions nobly, and rendered very eilicieut service upon the occasion." 

From Perryville the regiment moved to Bowling Green, and on November 
4th proceeded to Nasiiville, arriving there on the 12th and encamped, remain- 



414 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE, 

ing there until the general advance of General Kosecrans on Murfreesboro. 
The 21st left Nashville on the 26th of December, with the army, in command 
of Lieutenant Colonel McCreery, and was engaged at Lavergtie on the 27th, 
and at Stewart's creek on the 29th. It participated with Sill's bdgade of 
Sheridan's division in the five days' battle at Stone Kiver, sustaining a loss of 
17 killed, 85 wounded, including Captain Leonard 0. Fitzgerald, mortally, and 
37 missing. 

Special correspondence of the Detroit Advertiser and Tribune says: 

" We have triumphed! In all probability the rebel cause is badly crippled, if not wholly 
defeated in the southwest. Five days of terrific battle have solved the problem! Gen- 
eral Eosecrans's army commenced its march from the vicinity of Nashville, Tennessee, on 
the 26th ult., and with the exception of picket firing, nothing disturbed their steady march 
for that day. On the 27th a part of Sheridan's division drove a small force of rebels fiom 
their position at Noliusville. Next morning we went on, drivhig them before us. 

"We rested on the Sabbath, and early on Monday morning with renewed strength, wft 
kept on our way to Murfreesboro. Sheridan's division was in the advance each day, and 
continued there until after the Wednesday's fight. On Tuesday, the 30th ult^ the rebeis 
made a stand in one of their chosen positions, about three miles from the towt. Alter a 
brisk fight (mostly artillery) we drove them, and occupied their position as far as piuuL.- 
cable during the night. The 21st regiment being in the front, uf course was not allowed 
fii-es or tents, and indeed we found no use for them for a brisk musketi-y fire was kept up 
during the whole night. Early on Wednesday, the 31st, the battle opened with renewed 
vigor. The rebels had received large reinforcements during the night, and at daybi-eak 
rushed upon us with a vigor admirable even in lebels. A pai t of our division was at fii-st 
repulsed; not, however, without making the rebels feel considerable Yankee powder and 
Yankee lead. The rebels attempted to surround us, but in this they were only partiauy 
successful, and finally, after several hours' extremely hard fighting they were repulsed. 
Thus, with various success, the fight raged all that day. Five days in all led on by the 
arch traitors in command, the rebel army fought the hosts of the Union. 

"Five days the rebels fought, but all in vain. On Saturday night, the 3d inst., they 
made their final attack. Under the cover of the storm and darkness of that night, they 
thought to surprise us, but General Eosecrans, anticipating this, was prepared for them. 
He collected his batteries in a strong position, and concealed them behind a large body of 
troops. The rebels made a furious charge upon these, and our forces gave way to the 
batteries, when these grim dogs of war were let loose upon the rebels, and gnawed deep 
furrows with canister and grape, and shot and shell. They staggered and fied in dismay 
at the unexpected reception. At that moment a whole division of our forces charged upon 
them, and left us in undisputed possession of the field." 

General Sheridan, in a portion of his report covering the operations of his 
division in that important engagement, says: 

"The enemy appeared to be in strong force in a heavy cedar wood across an opeu 
valley in ray front, and parallel to it— the cedar extending the whole length of the valley 
— varying from 200 to 400 yards. 

"At 2 o'clock on the morning of the 31st, General Sill, who commanded my right brig- 
ade, reported great activity on the part of the enenij' immediately in his front. This 
being the narrowest point in the valley, I was fearful that an attack might be made, and 
therefore directed two regiments from the reserve to report to General Sill, who i)laced 
them in position in very short supporting distance of his lines. At 4 o'clock the division 
was assembled under arms, and the cannoneers at their pieces. About liftfcn mhiutes 
after 7 o'clock, the enemy advanced to the attack across the cotton field on bill's front. 
This column was opened upon by Bush's battery, of Sill's brigade, which had a direct fire 
on its front, and by Hescock's and Iloughtaling's batteries, which had an oblique fire on 
its front from a commanding position, near the center of my line; the effect of this firo 
upon the advancing column was terrible. The enemy, however, continued to move I'oi'- 
ward until he had reached nearly the edge of the timber, when he was opened upon by 
{Sill's infantry, at a range of not over fitly yards. As this attacking force was massed 
several regiments dc<!p, tlio destruction to it was great. For a short time it withstood 
the fire, then wavered, broke, and ran. Sill directed iiis troops to charge, which was gal- 
lantly responded to, and the enemy was driven back across the valley and behind his 
intrenchments. The brigade then fell back in good order and resumed its original lines. 
In this charge I had the misfortune to lose General Sill, who was killed. " 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 416 

The enemy soon rallied and advanced to the attack. General Sheridan, 
after making several movements with brigades of hia division and witii his 
artillery, intending to meet successfully the advancing enemy, and gallantly 
attacking at several points against immense odds without success, finally took 
a position on Negley's right and placed his batteries in position. General 
Sheridan further says: 

" In this position I was immediately attacked, when one of the bitterest and most san- 
guinary contests of the whole day occurred. General Cheatham's division advanced on 
Eobert's brigade, while heavy masses of the enemy, with three batteries of artillery over 
the open ground which I had occupied in the previous part of the engagement, ut the 
same time opened fire from the entrenchments in the direction of Murfreesboro. The 
contest then became terrible. The enemy made three attacks and was three times 
repulsed, the artillery range of the respective batteries being not over two hundred 
yards. There was no sign of faltering with my men, the only cry being for more ammu- 
nition, which unfortunately could not be supplied on account of the discomfiture of the 
troops on the right of our wing, which allowed the enemy to come in and captm-e the 
ammunition train." 

General Sheridan in specially mentioning by name various brigade, regi- 
mental, and battery commanders of his division, — one of whom was Lieuten- 
ant Colonel W. B. McCreery, 21st Michigan, — says: 

"I refer with pride to the splendid conduct, bravery, and efficiency of the following 
regimental commanders and the officers and men of their respective commands." 

Draper, in his history of the war, says: 

" In the dawn of the last day of the year (1862), while Kosecrans's left was rapidly 

crossing Stone river to make its expected attack, Bragg with his left had already antici- 
pated him. Coming out of a fog which had settled on the battlefield, he fell furiously upon 
Johnson's division, and so unexpectedly that two of its batteries were taken before a gun 
could be fired. The Confederate success was decisive. Johnson's division which was on 
the extreme national right was instantly swept away. Davis, who stood next, was 
assailed in front and on his uncovered flank. He made a stout resistance but the shock 
was too great; he was compelled to give way with the loss of many guns. And now the 
triumphant Confederate left, the center also coming into play, rushed upon the next divis- 
ion — but that was commanded by Sheridan. 

" Ilosecrans's aggressive movement was already paralyzed; nay, more, it had to be 
abandoned. He had to withdraw his left for the purpose of saving his right and defend- 
ing his communications. He must establish a new line. 

"The possibility of doing this— the fate of the battle — rested on Sheridan. He was 
furiously assailed in front by the Confederate division of "Withers; on his flank, uncov- 
ered by the overthrow of Johnson and Davis, he was attacked by their victors, McCown 
and Cleburn. The front attack he received with such an artillery and musketry fire that 
the Confederates were not only chocked and broken, but were pursued aooss the field to 
their entrenchments. Then by retiring his right and reserves, he swung his line around 
so as to come perpendicularly to its former direction. He faced now south instead of 
east and stood parallel to the Wilkinson turnpike. The Confederate division in front of 
him and greatly overlapping him in this, his new position, were at once held in check. 
Before they could advance to the Nashville roads and so seize Eosecrans's communica- 
tions, Sheridan must be put out of the way. 

" But it took an hour to do that. As his antagonists pi'cssed on his flank he changed his 
front again. Pivoting on the right flank of Negley's division, he wheeled round his line so 
as to face to the west, thereby covering the rear ol Negley's line. With Negley he was 
now forming a wedge. Here he withstood an impetuous attack of Cheatham's division 
and other heavy masses. All three of his brigade comuianders had been killed, his 
ammunition train had been captured, he could not resist much longer, for the cartridge 
boxes of his men were enjpty. The time had come when even Sheridan must fall back. 
But if he had no powder he had steel. The fixed bayonets of his rtiserve brigatle covered 
him, and he retired unconquered and unshaken out ol the cedar thicket toward the Nash- 
ville road. In this memorable and most glorious resistance he had lost 1,G30 men. 
' Here's all that are left! ' he said to Rosecraus whom he hud saved and now met. " 

The American Conflict contains tiie following: 



k 



416 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

"McCook attempted to re-form In the woods behind his first position, but his right was 
too thoroughly routed, and was chased bacli rapidly towards our center. A large portion 
of this (Johnson's) division was gathered up as prisoners by the rebel cavalry; the rest 
was of little account during the remainder of the fight. 

" McCook's remaining divisions, under Jeff. C. Davis and Sheridan, had repulsed 
several resolute attacks on their front, when tlie disappearance of Johnson'S' division 
enabled the rebels to come in on their flank, compelling them also to give ground, and, 
though repeated efforts were made by Davis and his subordinates to bring their men 
again up to the work, their fighting did not amount to much thereafter. 

" Sheridan's division fought longer and better, but of his brigade commanders. General 
I. W. Sill was killed early in the day, while leading a successful charge, and Colonels 
Roberts and Schaeffer at later periods, each falling dead at the head of his bilgade while 
charging or being charged. This division fought well throughout, but was pushed back 
nearly or quite to the Nashville turnpike, with the loss of Houghtahng's and a section of 
Bush's batteries." 

The regiment, in command of Colonel McCreery, Colonel Stevens having 
resigned on account of ill healtli, remained at AJurfreesboro, employed on 
picket duty and as guard for forage trains, until June 24th, 1863, when it 
advanced with the army on TuUahoma. During July it was stationed at 
Cowan and Anderson Station, on the Nashville and Cumberland railroad. 
Subsequently it occupied Bridgeport, under General Lytic, who commanded 
the brigade to which the 21st was attached. September 2d the regiment 
crossed the Tennessee, and advanced with the corps of Major General McCook 
to Trenton, Ga., from whence it crossed the mountains to Alpine, 30 miles 
from Rome; thence made a forced march toward Chattanooga, between the 
mountain ranges, and came into line of battle at Chickamauga September 
19th. The following day the regiment participated in the battle of Chicka- 
naauga, sustaining a loss of 11 killed, 58 wounded, 35 missing, 3 prisoners. 
Of the missing, 21 were known to be wounded. Lieutenant Colonel M. B. 
Wells was among the killed, and Captain Edgar W. Smith, being mortally 
wounded, died October 13th following, while Colonel McCreery, commanding 
the regiment, was severely wounded and taken prisoner. In tl;is engagement 
the regiment belonged to the same brigade as at Stone Kiver, and then com- 
manded by General Lytle, was serving in Sheridan's division of the 4th corps. 
On September 20th, while the division was advancing to the support of Gen- 
eral Thomas, it became heavily engaged, and captured prisoners from four 
different rebel divisions. Tlie 21st was in the hottest of the fight, behaved 
with great courage, never yielding except when overcome by immense odds, 
but after a brave but fruitless effort against a perfect torrent of the enemy 
was compelled to give way. 

In General Sheridan's report is found the following extracts: 

•' On the morning of September 20th I rearranged my lines and formed myself in a 
strong position on the extreme right, to which I had been assigned, but which was dis- 
connected from the troops on my left. 

" At about 9 o'clock the engagement again opened by a heavy assault upon the left of 
the army, while everything was quiet in my front. To resist the assault that was being 
made on the left the interior divisions were again moved. ***** 

" Immediately afterwards I received orders to support General Thomas with two bri- 
gades, and had just abandoned my position and was moving at double-quick to carry out 
the order when the enemy made a furious assault with overwhelming numbers on Davis's 
front, and comuig up through the unoccupied space between Davis and myself, even 
covering the front of the position I had just abandoned, Davis was driven from his fines, 
and Laiboldt, whose brigade was in column of regiments, was ordered by Major General 
McCook to charge, deploying in front. The impetuosity of the enemy's charge, together 
with the inability of LaiboldL's command to fire in consequence of the ground in his front 
being covered with the men of Davis's division, who were rushing through his ranks, 
caused this brigade also to break and fall to the rear. In the meantime I had received 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 41? 

the most urgent orders to throw In my other two brigades. This I did at a double-quick, 
forming the brigade of General Lytle— composed of the 36th and 88th Illinois, 24th Wis- 
cousin, and 21st Michigan — and Colonel Bradley's brigade, now commanded by Colonel 
W. H. Walworth, to the front, under a terrible fire of musketry from the enemy. Many 
of the men were shot down before facing to the front. After a stubborn resistance the 
enemy drove me back nearly to the Lafayette road, a distance of about 300 yards. At 
this point the men again rallied, drove the enemy back with terrible slaughter, and 
regained the Une of the ridge on which Colonel Laiboldt had originally been posted. In 
this charge we took a number of prisoners, and the 51st Illinois captured the colors ol 
the 24Lh Alabama. 

" Here, unfortunately, the enemy had strong supports, while I had none to relieve my 
exliausted men, and my troops were again driven back to the Lafayette road, after a gal- 
lant resistance. In this engagement I had the misfortune to lose General Lytle, cum- 
manding my first brigade, and many of the best and bravest ofQcers of my command." 

Among the names of the officers mentioued by Geueral Sheridan as specially 
distinguished are Colonel W. B. McCreery (wounded and taken prisoner) and 
Lieutenant Colonel Morris B. Wells (killed), 21st Michigan. 

The American Cyclopedia, 1863, has the following: 

"The battle was finally opened about 9.30 A. M. by a forward movement of General 
Breckenridge, accompanied by General Cleburn, against the left and center of General 
Rosecrans. Division after division was pushed forward to assist the attacking masses of 
the enemy, but without success. The ground was held by General Thomas for more than 
two hours. Meantime, as General Reynolds was sorely pressed. General Wood was 
ordered, as he supposed, to march instantly by the left flank, pass General Brannan, and 
go to the relief of General Reynolds, and that Generals Davis and Sheridan were to shift 
over to the left and close up the Une. General Rosecrans reports that the order was to 
close up on General Reynolds. General Wood says that General Brannan was in line 
between his and General Reynolds's division. 

"A gap was thus formed in the line of battle of which the enemy took advantage, and 
striking General Davis in his flank and rear, threw his whole division into confusion. 
Passing through this break in General Rosecrans's line, the enemy cut off his riirht and 
center, and attacked General Sheridan's division, which was advancing to the support of 
the left. After a brave but fruitless effort against this torrent of the enemy he was com- 
pelled to give way, but afterwards rallied a considerable portion of his force, and by a 
circuitous route joined General Thomas, who had now to breast the tide of battle against 
the whole army of the enemy. The right and part of the center had been completely 
broken, and fled in confusion from the field, carrying with them to Chattanooga their 
commanders. Generals McCook and Crittenden, and also General Rosecrans, who was on 
that part of the line." 

After the battle of Chickamauga the regiment, in command of Lieutenant 
Colonel S. K. Bishop, was detached from its brigade by order of General Thomas, 
and was placed under General Smith, Chief Engineer of the Depariuient, and 
performed duty as engineer troops, forming part of Engineer Brigade, and was 
on that duty during the engagement of Mission Ridge. It was stationed, until 
the 11th of June, 1864, on tlie north side of the Tennessee River, near Chat- 
tanooga, and was emi)loyed in building a bridge over the river, and in the erec- 
tion of storehouses in Chattanooga. At the above date the regiment was 
ordered to Lookout Mountain, where it was engaged in building hospitals, run- 
ning mills, and in the performance of the usual picket duty, until the 20th of 
September following, when it was relieved from further duty with the Engineer 
Corps. On the 27th of Sej)tember tlie regiment left Lookout Mountain for 
Tullahoma, thence it proceeded to Nashville. Joining the forces under Geu- 
eral Rosseau, it participated with them in the pursuit of the rebels under Geu- 
eral Forrest, beyond Florence, Ala., returning to Florence on the 11th of 
October. On the 14th, the regiment was ordered to Chattanooga, and on the 
18th to proceed to and garrison Dalton, Ga. On the 30th of October, the regi- 
ment was relieved at Dalton, and was ordered to join its corps. During the 
year it had traveled between 480 and 500 miles. 
53 



418 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

On November 1st, 1864, the 31st, then in command of Colonel Bishop, was 
at Dal ton, Ga., where it received orders to march to Kingston and join the 
14th army corps, and on arriving there was assigned to the 2d brigade, 1st 
division, when it started for Atlanta, and on the march assisted in tearing up 
the railroad track and destroying everything in its rear, reaching that point on 
the 15th, and on the following day after the destruction of that place, moved 
with General Sherman's army towards Milledgeville, arriving there on the 22d, 
and then took up a line of march in the direction of Augusta, and on reaching 
within about forty miles of that point, turned directly south towards Savannah, 
and arrived at the works in front of that place on the 10th of December, and 
there relieved a part of the 20th army corps, which held a portion of the works 
on the south side of the canal, being the most exposed position on the whole 
line. There the men being obliged to lay in the trenches, without tents and 
lightly clad, few of them having blankets, suffered extremely from cold, and 
also from hunger, as their rations were short. The regiment continued in that 
position until the 18th, when it moved back north of the canal, and remained 
there until the evacuation of Savannah on the 21st, and then encamped about 
three-fourths of a mile from the city. During the 25 days occupied on the 
march from Atlanta, only two and a half days' rations had been issued to the 
regiment, it being mainly supplied with subsistence procured by foraging on 
the inhabitants of the country through which it passed. The regiment re- 
mained at Savannah, refitting, reclothing the men, and getting ready for the 
campaign through the Carolinas, until the 20th of January, 18G5 following, 
when in command of Captain A. C. Prince, it marched up along the Savannah 
river to Sister's Ferry, where it lay until the 5th of February, then crossed 
into South Carolina, still continuing the movement in the vicinity of the river 
until nearly opposite Columbia, when a direction was taken towards that point, 
and on arriving there turned to the left, crossed the Black and Saluda rivers, 
and struck the railroad at Winusboro, where it assisted in destroying the track 
as far north as Blackstock Station ; then changing the direction eastward, 
crossed the Great and Little Pedee rivers about eight miles north of Cheraw, 
then crossed the Wateree at Rocky Mountain, on pontoons made from wagon 
boxes covered with tent flies and canvas, the high water having carried away 
the pontoon bridge. While crossing, the brigade, being the rear guard, was 
much annoyed by the enemy's cavalry, but succeeded in getting over the entire 
corps' train, when the march was resumed in the direction of Fayetteville, N. 
0, Keaching there. Cape Fear river was crossed on the 13th of March, and 
moving forward, met the enemy at Averysboro on the 16th, and after a severe 
engagement he retreated during the night; continuing the march, again en- 
countering the enemy at Bentonville, on the 19th, where the regiment became 
heavily engaged, losing six officers and eighty-six men, killed and wounded, 
out of 230, and after the retreat of the enemy from that point the march was 
resumed, and crossing the IMeuse river, arrived at Goldsboro on the 2oth, after 
a march of sixty-four days from Savannah, during which time only twelve days' 
rations had been issued to the regiment, the main 8up[)ly having been obtained 
by foraging on the country on the line of march. Tlie regiment remained in 
camp near Goldsboro until April 11th, when again in command of Colonel 
Bishop, a movement was commenced in the direction of Raleigh. Reaching 
there on the l4th, it then marched to Haywood, on Cape Fear river, where it 
remained until the surrender of Johnston's army, when the regiment, with its 
division and corps, started for Rielimond, in company with the 20th corps. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAH. 419 

The two corps being destined for the same point, entered on a friendly race, 
which resulted in the 1st division, 14th corps, in whicli was tlie 21st Michigan, 
reaching that point ahead of any other troops, marching 280 miles in less thau 
eight days. From Richmond fche march was continued to Washington, D. 0., 
where the regiment participated in the review of General Sherman's army oq 
the 24th of May, and on the 8th of June was mustered out of service, when it 
proceeded to Michigan, arriving at Detroit on the 13th, and ou the 22d was 
paid off and disbanded. 

The 21st participated in encounters with the enemy at Perryville, Ky., Oc- 
tober 8, 1SG2; Lavergne, Tenn., December 27, 1862; Stewart's Creek, Tenu., 
December 29, 18(32; Stone Kiver, Tenu., December 29, 31, 1802, and January 
1, 2, and 3, 1863 ; TuUahoma, Tenu., June 24, 1863 ; Elk River, Tenn,, July 
1, 1863 ; Chickamauga, Ga., September 19. 20, and 21, 1863 ; Chattanooga, 
Tenn., October 6, 1863 ; Brown's Ferry, Tenn., October 27, 1863 ; Mission 
Ridge, Tenu., November 26, 1863; Savannah, Ga., December 11, 18, 20, and 
■21, 1864; Averysboro, N. C, March 16, 1865; Beutouville, N. C, March 19, 
1865. 

The reports of the regiment show a membership of 1,477 officers and men, 
while its losses were 1 officer and 40 men killed in action, 2 officers and 31 men 
died of wounds, 3 officers and 291 men of disease, being 368 of a total. 

" Do you know that signs of your deaths 
Across our heart-springs play, 
E'en from the last sweet breaths 
That come from the month of May?" 

Note. — Colonel McCreery was severely wounded and taken prisoner at Chickamauga, 
September 20th, 1863. He was taken to Richmond and confined in Libby Prison, where, 
with others, he engaged in digging the celebiated tunnel through which he made his 
escape on February yth following. On reaching the union lines he telegraphed his father 
as follows: 

FOBT Magkddek, Va., Feb. 15th, 1864. 
To Ruben McCkeekt, Mint, Mich.: 

I have made escape from "HeU" (Libby Prison), and am again in God's country,— will be 
liome soon. 

WM. B. McCREERY, 
Colonel 21st Michigan Infantry. 



TWENTY-SECOND REGIMENT INFANTRY. 



" The morning of the battle call, to every soldier dear! 
Oh joy, the cry is forward! Oh joy, the foe is near! 
For all the crafty men of peace have failed to purge the land; 
HuiTah! the ranks of battle close! God takes his cause in hand." 

The twenty-second regiment was raised in the counties of Oakland, Liv- 
ingston, Macomb, St. Clair, Lapeer, and Sanilac, being what was then the 
fifth coDgressional district. Its rendezvous was at Pontiac, Hon. Moses Wis- 
ner, who had lately been governor of the State and who was afterwards com- 
missioned colonel of the regiment, having charge of the camp. 

The recruitment of the 22d commenced July 15, 1862, and was completed 
August 39th, following, when it was mustered into service. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Colonel, Moses Wisner, Pontiac. Lieutenant Colonel, Heber Le Favour, Detroit. 
Major, "William Sanborn, Port Huron. Surgeon, Abrara P. McConnell, Pontiac. Assistant 
Surgeon, Wells B. Fox, Hartland. Adjutant, Edgar Weeks, Mt. Clemens. Quartermas- 
ter, Thomas C. Boughton, Pontiac. Chaplain, Asher E. Mather, Pontiac. 

It was made up of companies as follows, and mustered into service with the 
officers named : 

A. Captain, Ezra C. Hatten, Farmington. First Lieutenant, Edward M. Wisner, Pon- 
tiac. Second Lieutenant, William Albertson, Pontiac. 

B. Captain, Alonzo M. Keeler, Shelby. First Lieutenant, William Hulsart, Bruce. 
Second Lieutenant, Henry W. Howgate, Armada. 

C. Captain, John Atkinson, Port Huron. First Lieutenant, Jefferson J. Wilder, Capac. 
Second Lieutenant, John Sacket, Port Huron. 

D. Captain, Townsend C. Beardslee, Pontiac. First Lieutenant, Almeron S. Mathews, 
Pontiac. Second Lieutenant, Elijah Sneil, Independence. 

E. Captain, Henry Carlton, Newport. First Lieutenant, Hazzard P. Wands, St. Clair. 
Second Lieutenant, Thomas C. Jackson, Ira. 

F. Captain, Alfred Ashley, New Baltimore. First Lieutenant, George W. Robertson, 
Mt. Clemens. Second Lieutenant, Heber B. Pearson, New Baltimore. 

G. Captain, Joseph Goetz, Mt. Clemens. First Lieutenant, William 0. Stockton, Mt. 
Clemens. Second Lieutenant, Augustus Czizek, Mt. Clemens. 

H Captain, Henry S. Dean, Green Oak. First Lieutenant, William A. Smith, Marion. 
Second Lieutenant, Lewis Brown, Howell. 

I. Captain, Frederick W. Kimberk, Brighton. First Lieutenant, Walter Bowers, Lyons. 
Second Lieutenant, James Page, Lyons. 

K. Captain, Alexander G. Galbraith, Lexington. First Lieutenant, Henry Breiden- 
bach, Lexington. Second Lieutenant, John A. Simons, Lexington. 

On the 4th of September following the regiment took its route for Kentucky 
via Cincinnati, 997 strong, in command of Colonel Wisner. On that day the 
regiment was given a flag just before leaving Pontiac by the young ladies of 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 421 

that city. The presentation was made by J. S. Dewey, Esq., in a short but 
very eloquent address. Colonel Wisucr in the name of the regiment received 
the flag in a brief but patriotic speech. While Mr, Dewey was addressing the 
regiment the flag was borne by two beautiful and accomplished young ladies, 
— Miss Emma Adams and Miss Julia Comstock. 

This flag was defended at Chickamauga in the heroic charge of the regi- 
ment, nobly, where three color bearers were killed and several wounded, with 
nearly the entire regiment killed, wounded or prisoners. 

Colonel Wisner served faithfully and with much distinction until attacked 
with typhoid fever, of which he died at Lexington, Ky., on the 4th of Janu- 
ary, 1803. 

Governor Bhiir, in his message delivered to the Legislature in January of 
that year, makes the following allusion to the death of Colonel Wisner, which 
is worthy of a place in the history of Michigan troops, especially of this regi- 
ment: 

" Intelligence has been received of another of the great sacrifices we make to save oui 
country. My predecessor, Ex- Governor Moses Wisner, colonel commanding the 22d 
regiment of infantry, died at his post of duty in Kentucky, on the 4th day of January 
instant. His conduct is his best eulogy. A man of great intellectual as well as physical 
power, in the meridian of hfe, surrounded by all the comforts of family, home, and friends, 
he obeyed the call of his country and took the field. Deeply imbued with a love of those 
free institutions which had done so much for his country and himself, he put away from 
him everything but this service, and went forth at the head of his regiment to peril all in 
defense of the Union. As a commanding officer of patriotic volunteers he was success- 
ful in an eminent degree, as he had been in all the walks of fife. He died of the diseases 
of the camp, in the midst of his command, ua the doing of his duty. More than this need 
not be said. For him the pomp and circumstance and the battle are no more. To his fam- 
ily and friends he leaves the rich remembrance of an honorable fame, and to the State he 
loved, the pride that she had so noble a citizen. To you, gentleman, the representatives 
of the people, is committed the duty of fitly commemorating his services. " 

This regiment, in command of Colonel Le Favour, and serving in the 3d 
brigade, 2d division, army of central Kentucky, remained in that State until 
the 13th of April, 1863, stationed at Lexington, Danville, Nicholasville, 
Stanford, and other places. On the 24th of March it was attacked near Dan- 
ville by the forces under General Pegram and fell back to Hickman bridge, 
with the loss of two men slightly wounded and one taken prisoner. The regi- 
ment arrived at Nashville April 14th, where it remained until the 5th of Sep- 
tember, when it moved to Bridgeport, Ala., proceeding thence to Kossville and 
Ringgold, Ga. It did not participate in the first day's battle at Chickamauga, 
but was engaged with large loss on the second day, September 20th, being 
then in the 3d brigade, 2d division, reserve corps of the army of the Cum- 
berland. The regiment went into this action with 584 officers and men, and 
lost 2 officers wounded and 15 missing, 30 men killed, 89 wounded, aiid 247 
missing, — a total loss of 372. Among the prisoners taken was its command- 
ing officer, Colonel Le Favour. 

Colonel Le Favour having been assigned to the command of two regiments, 
the 89th Ohio and 22d Michigan, the 22d went into action in command of 
Lieutenant Colonel Sanborn, who was severely wounded, while Captains Elijah 
iJnell and Wm. A. Smith were mortally wounded. The former died Septem- 
ber 25th and the latter on October lltii following: 

Colonel Le Favour being a prisoner and Lieutenant Colonel Sanborn 
wounded. Captain A. M. Keeler assumed command, but was taken prisoner 
during the remainder of the engagement. 



433 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 

Following is from a report of Major Dean, under date of December 23d^ 

1863, covering services of the regiment in detail between tlie dates given : 

" From November 1st, 1862, to Febniary 21st, 1863, the regiment was encamped at Lex- 
ington, Kentucky, doing picliet and provost guard duty. February 21st, marclied from 
Lexington to Danville, arriving at the latter place at 4 P. M., February 22d, distance 
thirty-five miles. February 23d marched for Nicholasville, distance twenty-one miles, 
arrived 7 A. M., February 24;th; thence by rail to Lexington, distance twelve miles. Com- 
panies A, F, D, I, C, and H returned to old camp, one mile from Lexington. Companies 
E, K, G, and B moved by rail to Cynthiana, distance twenty-three miles, arriving at 2 P. 
M., February 24th, February 28lh this detachment returned to Lexington by rail. Here 
the regiment remained in camp until March 21st, when it moved by rail to Nicholasville, 
arriving at that place at 3 A. M., March 22d, distance twelve miles; marched lor Danville 
at 6 A. M. of the same day, arriving at that place at 4 P. M., distance twenty-one miles, 
quartered the men for the night. March 23d, 8 A. M., moved out of town one mile into 
camp; March 24th were attacked by the enemy under General Pegram, and received 
orders to fall back to Kentucky river bridge (Hickman bridge), which was accomplished 
with the loss of two men slightly wounded and one man taken prisoner, distance twelve 
miles, arriving at the bridge at 1 o'clock A. M. March 25th, at 8 A. M., marched out three 
miles on Danville road, when skirmishers found the enemy's picket, formed line of battle, 
kept up light skirmishmg until 3 P. M., when the regiment was ordered to fall back to 
north side of Kentucky river, distance four and a half miles. March 26th, 8 A. M., moved 
to the support of battery on bank of Kentucky river; 3 P. M. returned to camp. March 
27th, 9 A. M., mai'ched lor Nichuiasville, arrived 1 P. M., distance nine miJes. March 28th, 
5 A. M., marched for 'Camp Dick Robinson,' arriving there at 12 M., distance thirteen 
miles. March 29th, marched to Lancaster, distance seven miles. March 3Uth, moved to- 
Duck river, distance three miles, found the enemy had destroyed the bridge; marched 
back through Lancaster to Crab Orchard, distance fifteen miles. March 31st, marched. 
from Crab Orchard to Buck's creek, distance seventeen miles. April 1st returned 
to Crab Orchard, seventeen miles. April 2d, marched to Stanford, distance ten 
miles. Here the regiment went into camp and remained until April 8th, when it 
took its line of march for Lebanon, Kentucky, distance forty-four miles; arrived at 
Lebanon April 10th, 8 A. M. April 12th at 11 A. M., ordered to take cars for Nashville, 
Tennessee, leaving at 6 P. M. April 13th, and arriving at Nashville 6 P. M.; April 14th, 
quartered lor the night in barracks; April 15th, went into camp one mile out of the city;. 
distance from Lebanon to Nashville 150 miles. The regiment remained at Nashville, 
doing ' interior ' guard duty until September 5th, when it moved by rail to Bridgeport, 
Alabama, distance 122 miles, arriving there September 6th ; crossed pontoon bridge, and 
encamped on the island in Tennessee river. September 13th, moved in liyht marching 
order for Eossville, Georgia, distance thirty -two miles; reached Rossville September 
14th and encamped; September 17th, marched to Ringgold, Georgia, fifteen miles. Sep- 
tember 18th, returned to Eossville. September 19th, moved out on road northeast of 
the Einggold road three miles; at 12 M. crossed over to Ringgold road; here remained 
in line of battle until 9 A. M. September 20th, were ordered to the left to reinforce Gen- 
eral Thomas; became engaged at 2 P. M. The result of this engagement is shown by 
the accompanying report. What renjained of the regiment returned to camp at Eossville 
on the night of September 20th. On the 21st the regiment was ordered to the rear. On 
the 23d it encamped on 'Moccasin Point,' on the north bank of the Tennessee river, 
seven miles from Eossville. It was engaged at this place in building fortifications and 
doing picket duty untU October 28th, when it was ordered to the south side of the Ten- 
nessee river, to the support of General Hooker. Threw up rifle-pits on hill connnanding 
Lookout Valley ; returned to camp on Moccasin Point October 30th. At that time the 
regiment was attached to the 3d brigade, 2d division, 14th army corps, but was acting 
with the 2d brigade, 2d division, 4th army corps. Brigadier General Whittaker command- 
ing, to whom the regiment is indebted for many acts of kindness and consideration. The 
regiment is now attached to the Engineer brigade, commanded by Brigadier General 
William F. Smith, chief engineer of the militaiy division of the Mississippi. 

"The marches of the regiment throiigh Kentucky were performed at a season of the 
year when the roads were bad, and portions of the march were accomplished amid heavy 
falls of snow and rain, but under these trying circumstances the men of the 22d, as they 
have always done, discharged their duty faithfully." 

FoKT Whittakek, Opposite Lookout Mountain, } 
Near VhatLanooga, October 12th, IbOS. ) 

Sib, — Having had the honor of commanding the 22d Michigan, Colonel Le Favour, in 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 423 

my brigade In the bnttln of Chicknmaviira, and being personally observant of thoir 
undaunted heroism, I send a copy of my report to advise you more especially, and a copy 
of tlie tabular statement accompanying, that you may see their loss. Let "mo ui^e you 
for the good of our service, and as a reward to a chivalrous officer, to use your inllueuce 
for the promotion of Colonel Le Favour. 

Respectfully yours, etc., 

W. C. WHITTAKER, 
Brio. Gen. 4th A. C. 
To the Governor of Michigan, Lansing, Michigan : 

P. S.— Do not have my report published until the military restrictions about pubUshing 
reports are removed. 

The following is from the report of Colonel Whittaker: 

"* * * My command was then moved by the flank in two lines at double-quick time 
up the valley for nearly a mile, under a heavy fire of shell from a rebel battery. Sevea-al 
were killed and wounded in this charge. Arriving at the point occupied by General 
Thomas, we found him sorely pressed and yielding stubbornly to superior numbers. I 
was directed to drive the enemy fi-om a ridge on which he had concentrated his forces in 
great numbers, supported strongly by artillery, and was immhiently threatening destruc- 
tion of the right by a flank movement. Forming my command in two hues, 96th Illinois 
on the right, 22d Michigan on the left, and 115th Illinois in the center of the first line, 
both lines advanced at a double-quick against the enemy. The conflict was teiTifio; 
the enemy was driven nearly a half a mile; rallying, he drove my command a short 
distance, when he in turn was driven again with great loss. Both lines had been 
thrown into the conflict on the second charge, and the whole line kept up a deadly and 
well-directed fire upon the enemy, who fought with great determination and vigor. The 
22d Michigan, after fighting for nearly three hours, having exhausted their ammunition, 
boldly charged mto the midst of overwhelming numbers with the bayonet, driving them 
until overcome by superior numbers." 

The following is from Lossing: 

" Wood had barely time to dispose his troops on the left of Brannan before they were 
furiously attacked, the Confederates keeping up the assault by throwing in fresh troops 
as fast as those in their front were repulsed. Meanwhile, General Gordon Granger, who 
at Rossville, had heard the roar of guns where Thomas was posted, had moved to his 
support, without orders, and appeared on his left flank at the head of Steedman's divi.sion 
of his corps. He was directed to push on and take position on Brannan's right, when 
Steedman gallantly fought his way to the crest of the hill at the appointed place, and 
then turning his artillery upon the assailants drove them down the southern slope of the 
ridge with great slaughter They soon returned to the attack, with a determination to 
drive the Nationals from the lidge. They were in overwhelming force, and pressed 
Thomas in front and on both flanks. Finally, when they were moving along a ridge and 
in a gorge to assail his right m flank and rear, Granger formed the brigades of Whittaker 
and MitcheU into a charging party, and hurled them against the Confederates, of whom 
General Hindman was th, commander in the gorge. They were led by Steedman, who, 
seizing a regimental flag, headed the charge. Victory followed. In the space of twenty 
minutes Huidman and his Confederates disappeared, and the Nationals held both ridge 
and gorge. The latter had lost heavily. Steedman's horse was killed, and he was badly 
bruised by a fall, and Whittaker was stunned by a bullet and fell from bis horse." 

Colonel Le Favour says of his regiment at Chickamauga, on September 20th : 

• ..» * * rphe second charge the rebels drove the brigade to the bottom of the hill. 
It was reformed, marched up, and again took the crest. The regiment was out ol 
ammunition, and word was sent to General Whittaker to that effect. ' You must use your 
sti-cl.' was the reply. The regiment rushed forward with fixed bayonets aud empty 
muskets, under a most terrific fire of grape and musketry, received the counter charge ol 
the enemy, repulsed aud drove them at every point." ♦»•«•♦• 

Cartridges all gone. "You must use the bayonet," says General Whittaker 
to the 2'^d. The enemy again furiously advance. The sun has gone down on 
that bloody field; in the twilight it is dillicult to distinguish friend from foe. 
The 22d rushes forward with bayonets fixed aud empty muskets under a terrible 



424 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

fire of grape and musketry, meet the charge of the enemy, drive him at every 
point. An order comes to fall back, 'tis too late; the regiment is closed in on 
both flanks, cut off, and darkness finds nearly all the living in the hands of 
the enemy, the dead on the field. 

The following interesting account is by Colonel John Atkinson, thSn a cap- 
tain in the regiment: 

Camp Le Fatouk, Neab Chattanooga, ) 
September 29th, 1S63. J 
Mr. Edward Le Favour, Detroit, Mich.: 

Deab Sie, — Knowing that many of the people of Michigan will look anxiously for news 
from our regiment, I take the liberty to give you what facts I can gather relative to the 
part it took in the late battle. 

From Brigadier General Whittaker I learn that on Friday, the 18th inst., he was ordered 
to advance with his brigade from Eossville towards Ringgold, as far as the Chickamauga 
river, take possession of the bridge, and hold it without bringing on a general engage- 
ment. He met the rebels at IP. M., and fought till 5 P. M., driving them, though more 
than two to one in numbers. On Saturday morning he was reinforced by Mitchell's and 
McCook's brigades, and by the 22d Michigan and 29th Ohio, under Colonel Le Favour. 
Colonel LeFavour, with his command, was attached to General Whittaker's brigade. 
That day and night were' passed in line of battle. Sunday, at 9 A. M., the fight com- 
menced on General Thomas's line, which was broken and compelled to fall back. General 
Whittaker was ordered to advance to the right and reinfoi'ce Thomas at a point some four 
miles distant. Moving rapidly he found the rebel cavalry in position to stop him, but soon 
drove them ofif and succeeded in taking up his position near the right of Thomas's line. 
Steedman, commanding 1st division, reserve corps, received word from Thomas that the 
enemy must be driven from the hUl to his right. General Whittaker was ordered to the 
work and advanced in two hnes, the first composed of the 96th Illinois on the right, 115th 

Illinois in the center, and 22d Michigan on the left, the 2d and 40th Ohio on the 

right, 84th Indiana in the center, and 89th Ohio on the left and in rear of the 22d Mich- 
igan, both under Colonel Le Favour. Charging on the enemy's lines they drove him 
from the hill full half a mile. Here the rebels rallied and Lougstreet's corps came rush- 
ing down in masses eight lines deep. The gallant brigade received and repulsed them 
with terrible loss. Lieutenant Colonel Sanborn was wounded while in front of the regi- 
ment. The noise making it impossible for him to make himself heard from his place in 
the rear and desiring to halt the line, he rushed in front, and just as he had succeeded in 
restoring order and halting his regiment he received the wound. The color sergeant, 
Philo G. Durkee, was shot through the breast and face, and fell dead the first round. 
Corporal Stansell, of the color guard, from Company H, grasped the colors, but liad 
scarcely raised them when a ball passed through his head killiug him instantly. Corporal 
Vincent, Company C, lifted the colors, and a moment after received a ball in the thigh, 
wounding him severely. He was carried to the rear. Fu-st Sergeant William F. Atkin- 
son took the colors, handing them to Sergeant Kendall, Company C, who carried them the 
rest of the day and had them when the regiment went into the last charge. 

The second chai-ge the rebels drove the brigade to the bottom of the hill. It was re- 
formed, marched up, and again took the crest. Colonel Le Favour sent Genei-al Whitta- 
ker word that his ammunition was exhausted. " You must use j^our steel," was the reply. 
And now the rebels advanced a third time. The sun had gone down. In the twilight it 
was difficult to distinguish friend fiom foe. The 22d rushed forward in command of Col- 
onel Le Favour in person, with fixed bayonets and empty muskets, under a most terrific 
fire of grape and musketry, received the charge of the enemy, repulsed and drove them 
at every point. General Steedman sent an order to fall back, but too late. Before it 
arrived the regiment was closed in upon by rebel hordes on both flanks and cut off. This 
brave charge. General Steedman says, saved that portion of the army. 

General Whittaker, who fought at Shiloh and Murfreesboro, says he never heard such 
heavy musketry, and never saw such magnificent charges. He hud four staff officers 
killed, and received himself a slight wound in the side. 

He, General Steedman, and General Gordon Granger behaved in a manner worthy of 
the men they led. Each was seen in advance of his staff, and where the danger was the 
greatest. General Steedman's horse was shot under him. General Granger received a 
bullet in his hat. Their bravery is the talk of the army, and their gallant conduct will never 
be forgotten. During the entire fight Colonel LeFavour rode along the line, his hat in one 
han<l, and drawn sword in the other, cheering on his nien^and wln)se voice ct)uld cheer 
them like his? for not a heart in the brave band but loved him; not a man but would 
willingly die that his Colonel might live. General Whittaker told me personally that he 



MICHIGAN IN T.HF. WAB. 4^6 

never saw soldiers behave more gallantly. Colonel Sjinborn is complimented by ever>' 
one for his coolness and bravery. And more than one brave fellow has wept those tears 
which only brave men weep, on hearing that his wound will keep him from us for a long 
time, perhaps forever. Not merely as an oflioer did we all respect and honor him. His 
great heart broke over those distinctions that separate officers and men, and made him 
not only the commander but the brother. 

Captain A. M. Keeler is among the missing. He must have been in command of the 
regiment on the second charge, and went into the third and last well. He and the adju- 
tant, Matthews, reported wounded and a prisoner, are said to have been everywhere 
along the line encouraging and urging on their men. Captains Snell, Wands, Galbraith, 
and Goetz, when last seen, were severely wounded, probably mortally. Captain Smith 
had his leg amputated. Lieutenant Ed. G. Spaulding was wounded on the (irst round 
through the hip. He went to the rear, but finding his wound less severe than he sup- 
posed, again returned to his company and remained with it during the entire day, he being 
in command. Sergeant William F. Atkinson, acting second lieutenant, was slightly 
wounded above the knee, but binding his handkerchief around his leg, remained on the 
field. Captain Kimberk, Lieutenants Eobertson, Hamilton, Button, Willets, Drake, Aide- 
de-Camp to Colonel LeFuvour, Mead, Andrews and Albertson were uninjured previous to 
the tliird and last charge. Only Lieutenant Albertson escaped. Captain Kimberk not 
going to this charge. 

Many are undoubtedly prisoners, but a number even of those must be wounded. 

All behaved with the greatest gallanti-y. Drs. McConnel and Lawrence were on the 
field to the last, dressing the wounds and giving the necessary dii'ections for the proper 
care of the disabled. They have the thanks of their comrades. 

1 send you lists of the killed, wounded, and missing. It would undoubtedly gratify the 
friends of all to see them pubhshed, as the suspense and uncertainty attending the affair 
must be very great. 

Michigan is again called upon to mourn many a gallant son; but a new glory has been 
added to her history. We pause in the great work to drop a tear, not for the brave who 
have fallen, but for the dear ones at home to whose hearts a new sorrow has been brought. 

What remains of the regiment is upon the hills on the north side of the river, just oppo- 
site Lookout mountain, which is occupied and fortified by the rebels. Its present 
strength, not including the band, is 149 enlisted men, nine lieutenants and two captains. 
The major and myself were on General R. S. Granger's staff at NashviUe up to the 13th 
instant, when we were relieved by request for the purpose of reporting to our regiment. 
We arrived here on the morning of the 22d. The armies lie in the presence of each other. 
From the hill where I write I can see our troops fortifying the plains below, and the rebels 
the hills beyond them. Last night the line of each army could be traced by its camp 
fire's. Another great battle, in which the whole force of the southern confederacy will be 
hurled upon our brave army, is expected to open at any hour. 

I am very truly your obedient servant, 

JOHN ATKINSON, 
Captain Co. C, 22d Mich. 

"The Rock of Chickamauga" is a Michigan production, being composed 
by Dr. William B. Hamilton of Lapeer, who was a lieutenant in the 22d Mich- 
igan Infantry, and taken prisoner in the battle of Chickamauga, remaining in 
confinement until paroled March 1st, 1865. The poem was written with 
reference to the 22d in that engagement, as three counties are named, Macomb, 
St. Clair, and Oakland, in which that regiment was largely recruited. 

" Let rebels boast their Stonewall brave 
Who fell to fill a traitor's grave, 
We have a hero grander far, 
The Union was his guiding star. 
The ' Eock of Cliickamauga.' 

'• When, foot by foot, stern Rosccrans 
'Round grim Lookout, with bold advance, 
Pressed back the rebels from their lair, 
Our Thomas was the foremost there, 
The ' Rock of Chickamauga.' 
64 



426 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

" And when, in mightinr force, they came 
With serried ranlis and sheets of flame, 
Sweeping apart our sliattered bands, 
Who snatched the palm from rebel hands? 

The ' Eock of Chickamauga.' » 

" All day they surged and stormed in vain, 
Lost Chattanooga to regain. 
In vain each furious battle shock; 
They were but waves, and he the rock, 
The 'Eock of Chickamauga.' 

*' His clarion voice with cheering word. 
Above the din of battle heard, 
His bearing firm, his kindling eye 
Fired every breast witli ardor high, 
The 'Eock of Chickamauga.' 

** A new Thermopylae we found 
On Chickamauga's bloody ground; 
And in that rugged mountaih pass 
He stood our true Leonidas, 

The 'Eock of Chickamauga.' 

•' Sons of Macomb and broad St. Clair, 
And Oakland's roUing fields were there. 
And now they tell, with patriot pride. 
How that great day they fought beside 
The 'Eock of Chickamauga.' 

*' Gone is our hero, strong and brave, 
Columbia weeps above his grave. 
While high upon the roll of fame 
She writes that loved and honored name. 
The 'Eock of Chickamauga.'" 

What remained of the regiment after Chickamauga was ordered to the rear, 
and on September 23d it proceeded to Moccasin Point, on the north bank of 
the Tennessee river, wliere it was employed, under continuous fire from rebel 
batteries on Lookout mountain, in building fortifications until October 28th, 
when, in command of Major H. S. Dean, who had been serving on the staff 
of General R. S. Granger, at Nashville, it was ordered to the south side of the 
Tennessee, to the support of General Hooker, and threw up rifle-pits on hills 
commanding Lookout Valley, and became engaged with the enemy at Wau- 
hatciiie. Octol)er 30th it returned to camp on Moccasin Point. At this time 
the regiment was attached to the 3d brigade, 2d division, 14th corps, but was 
acting with the 4th coips. ISince then it had been attached to the Engineer 
brigade, commanded by General Win. F, Smith, chief engineer. 

This regiment, which, on the 2nd of November, 1863, had been detached 
from the Itth army corps, and attached to the engineer brigade, remained at 
or near (Jhattanooga, Tenn., engaged in the usual duties of the engineer ser- 
vice. From the 2d to the 21st of November it was employed in building a 
road from Chaitanooga to Brown's Ferry on tlie Tennessee river. On the 22d 
it proceeded with a pontoon bridge up the Tennessee river, and laid the same 
for the crossing of the command of General Sherman to attack the rebel 
position on Mission Kidge. Returning to (Jhattanooga the regiment threw a 
bridge across the river at iliat.place on the 25th, and on the 1st of December 
moved lis camp to the foot of Lookout mountain, and was employed until the 
16th in repairing the railroad and the railroad bridges. At the latter date 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR, 427 

the regiment moved into Chattanooga, where it was employed in building 
storehouses, and similar duty. Detacliments of the regiment were sent up tlie 
liver, and employed in cutting and rafting timber to Chattanooga; others 
were engaged at Moccasin Point in setting up a portable steam saw-mill, and 
in getting out lumber. On the 19th of November the regiment moved to 
Lookout mountain, continuing its service as artisans and engineers for some 
months. On the 26Lh of May, 1864, it marched from Lookout mountain, and 
on the 31st reported at headquarters of the Department of the Cumberland, 
then in the field at Brown's Mill Creek, Ga. The 22d and the 9th Michigan 
• Infantry were organized on the 1st of June into a brigade, to be known as the 
Ki'serve Brigade, Department of the Cumberland, and the former was detailed 
for })i-ovost duty. It participated in the movements of the Army of the Cum- 
berland in its march to Atlanta. On the 6th of July it moved to Vining's 
Station, on the Western railroad, and on the 18th to Pace's Ferry, on the 
Chattahoochee river. The regiment was here employed in building bridges 
across that stream. On the 2l8t of July, in command of Lieutenant 
Colonel Dean, who had been commissioned to rank from June 7th, 1864, it 
marched toward Atlanta. On the 27th of August it encamped at Red Oak, on 
the Montgomery railroad, and on the 29th destroyed a portion of that road. 
On the 'SOih and 31st the regiment marched towards Jonesboro, encamping 
South of that place on the 2d of September. Returning in the direction of 
Atlanta, it marched into that place on the 8th, and was employed until the 
3Ist of October on provost duty. At that date it moved to Mariette, Ga., 18 
miles from Chattanooga, and then left that place as pare of the escort to the 
headquarters of Major General Tliomas, and arrived at Chattanooga November 
6tb, having made the march of 138 miles in a little over six days. The 22d 
formed a part of the reserve brigade, commanded by Colonel Le Favour, Army 
of tlie Cumberland, which was doing duty as provost guard of the department. 
It remained at Chattanooga during the winter o i that duty, and furnished 
guards for steamers leaving that })ort, and was also engaged in building 
barracks. On April Ist, 1865, the regiment was transferred from the reserve 
brigade to the command of Major General Steedman, commanding the District 
of Etowah, and on the 7th was a.^signed to the 3d brigade, separate division. 
Army of the Cumberland, at Chattanooga, where it continueil to serve until 
June 2Uth, when it was ordered to Nashville, where it was mustered out of 
service on the 26th, and on the 27th left for Michigan by rail via Louisville, 
Indianapolis, and Michigan City, and, arriving at Detroit on the 30t,h, in 
command of Colonel Le Favour, was there paid off and discharged on the 11th 
of July. 

The regiment while in service was engaged at Danville, Ky., March 24, 
lb63 ; Hickman's Bridge, Ky., March 27, 1863; Pea Vine Creek, Tenn., Sep- 
tember 17, 1863; McAliee's Church, Tenn., September 19, 1863; Chicka- 
mauga, Ga., September 2U, 1863; Wantahatchie (near Chattanooga), Tenn., 
September 28 to October 1:^8, 1863; Mission Ridge, Tenn., November 25, 1863; 
Atlanta, Ga., July 22 and 23, 1864. 

This regiment had carried on its rolls 1,586, and its losses were 374, of 
whom 1 officer ami 52 men were killed in action; died of wounds, 2 officers 
and 27 men; of disease, 3 officers and 289 men. 

" Men of the silent bands, 
Men of half- told days, 
Lift up your specter hands, 
And take our sweet bouquets." 



428 MICHIGAN m THE WAR. 

Note. — In August or September, '62, and soon after the 18th and 22d regiments went 
to the field in Kentucky, they were brigaded under command of Colonel Doolittle of the 
18th. The government at that time being remarkably careful of rebel property, both 
man and beast, it became necessary for Colonel Doolittle to issue an order against killing 
hogs. In the 22d was the waif Johnny Clem, who had straggled from his home with an 
Ohio regiment and then joined the 22d Michigan. The first that is known of ftiis little 
wanderer of ten summers — small enough to live in a drum — he is beating the long roll for 
the 22d. Although a mere child, he had learned all sorts of tricks from the soldiers, and 
did not fully yield obedience to all orders. One morning the Colonel heard a musket 
report in the immediate vicinity of the camp, and being desirous of finding out the cause 
hurried out among the bushes and theie found Johnny and his victim, a hog, near by. 
" John," says the Colonel, "don't you know that it is against orders to kill hogs?" "/ 
k7iow it, but, Colonel, I don't intend to let any rebel hogs bite me!" 

At Chickamauga he was a marker. On Sunday of the battle the little fellow's occupa- 
tion is gone. He picks up a gun fallen from some dying hand, finds ammunition, and 
begins on his own account blazing away close to the ground, like a fire-fly in the grass. 
Late in the waning day this waif, left almost alone in the whirl of battle, a rebel colonel 
dashes up, looks down on him, orders his surrender. "Surrender," he shouts, "you 

httle !" Scarcely were the words spoken, like a flash Johnny brought his piece to 

an order, slipped his hand to the hammer, swings up the gun to a charge bayonet. The 
rebel raised his sabre to strike, the glancing barrel lifted into range, and the haughty 
colonel tumbled from his horse. 

Clem was afterwards captured, but says that after most of the regiment had been made 
prisoners by a large force of i-ebels and were being marched to the rear, they were fired 
upon by another rebel force, when he dropped as if shot, and after lying for some time on 
the ground, and until the escort had moved off, he traveled to Chattanooga during the 
night, a distance of about ten mUes. 

This boy attracted the attention of the noble-hearted Thomas, who sent him to school 
at his own espouse, then obtained an appointment for him at West Point, and he is now a 
very gentlemanly officer of the army. 



4 
TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT INFANTRY. 



" While there's leaves In the forest and foam on the river, 
The Union, despite them, shall flourish forever. " 

The 23d, which had its rendezvous at East Saginaw was filled by volunteers 
from the 6th Congressional district, comprising the counties of Clinton, Shia- 
wassee, Genesee, Gratiot, Saginaw, Tuscola, Huron, Isabella, Midland, Bay, 
Iosco, Alpena, Chippewa, Marquette, Houghton, Ontonagon, and a few others 
not organized. 

Colonel David H. Jerome of Saginaw, was selected by Governor Blair as 
commandant of camp, who had charge of its recruitment and organization, 
which he most successfully accomplished. 

The regiment commenced recruiting on the 15th of July, 1862, and the 13tb 
of September was mustered into service with the following 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Colonel. Marshall W. Chapin, Detroit. Lieutenant Colonel, Gilbert E. Pratt, Detroit. 
Major, Benjaiuhi F. Fisher, East Saginaw. Surgeon, Louis W. Fasquelle, St. Johns. Assis- 
tant Surgeon, Gilbert H. Blaker, Houghton. Second Assistant Surgeon, Gilbert Bogart, 
Jr., Flint. Adjutant, Campbell Montgomery, Detroit. Quartermaster, Charles D. Little, 
Saginaw City. Chaplain, James S. Smart, Flint. 

The companies comprising the regiment were : 

A. Captain, Oliver L. Spaulding, St. Johns. First Lieutenant, William Sickles, St. 
Johns. Second Lieutenant, James Travis, St. Johns. 

B. Captain, Henry Woodruff, East Saginaw. First Lieutenant, Fayette Smith, Bridge- 
port. Second Lieutenant, William A. Lewis, East Saginaw. 

C. Captain, Charles E. McAllister, Flint. First Lieutenant, George W. Buckingham, 
Flint. Second Lieutenant, William C. Stewart, Flint. 

D. Captain, Benjamin W. Huston, Vassar. First Lieutenant, John Hamilton, Watrous- 
ville. Second Lieutenant, John G. lliggs, Millington. 

E. Captain, Henry C. Norville, Saginaw City. First Lieutenant, John Earl, Harrisville. 
Second Lieutenant, Lester E. Cross, Saginaw City. 

F. Captain, Henry S. Raymond, Bay City. First Lieutenant, Eben K. Ayers, Port 
Austin. Second Lieutenant, John S. McKumoy, Portsmouth. 

G. Captain, Henry Walbridge, St. Johns. First Lieutenant, Stephen J. Wright, St. 
Johns. Second Lieutenant, Alonzo O. Hunt, St. Johns. 

II. Captain, John Carland, Caledonia. First Lieutenant, Benjamin F. Briscoe, Caledo- 
nia. Second Lieutenant, Marvin Miller, Corunna. 

I. Captain, Carlos D. Sheldon, Houghton. First Lieutenant, Graham Pope, Houghton. 
Second Lieutenant, William H. Patterson, Houghton. 

K. Captain. Damon Stewart, Fhnt. First Lieutenant, Samuel C. Bandall, Flint. Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, John Rea, Flint. 

It left Saginaw on the 18th of September following, in command of Colonel 
M. W. Chapin, and proceeded at once to Kentucky, its muster roll showing a 



430 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

/ 

force of 983 officers and enlisted men. Soon after its arrival in Kentucky it 
was assigned to the 10th division of General Rosecrans's army, and was soon 
pushed forward to Bowling Green, Kentucky. While stationed at that point, 
a detachment of the regiment, in command of Lieutenant E. G. Wellington 
in charge of a train for Nashville, waS attacked by a vei'y superior force of 
guerrillas, who were repulsed in so gallant a manner as to receive the commen- 
dation of the commanding general in orders. The following is from the 
report of Lieutenant Wellington and the order of General Juduh referred to: 

"I left Bowling Green at 10 A. M. on Friday, the 10th instant, with twenty-five men of 
Company B, in eharge of freight train for Nashville, Tennessee. At Neeley's Bend, about 
twelve miles this side of Nashville, the railroad runs near the Cumberland river, the river 
being on one side and a steep precipice on the other, just leaving room for the railroad 
track As we arrived at this point, about 4 P. M., a party of guerrillas, numbering about 
200, opened upon the train from across the river with two field pieces, throwing shell. 
Several shells sti'uck the locomotive, disabling it, and several passed through the cars in 
which the guards were, striking the rocks beyond and bursting, throwing fragments of 
shell back into the cars. I disposed my men behind such shelter as was at hand and 
returned the fire, they replying with cannon and small arms. After about half an hour 
they retired with the loss of their leader and one other killed, leaving behind their bodies 
where they fell; what other damage was done them I am unable to say. My loss was 
two wounded, both before leaving the cars — Allen Barnum slightly in the left shoulder, 
and Edwin Worden in the right arm. The latter died after reaching Nashville. " 



Headquaetees U. S. Foeces, 
No. 25. \ 



Oeneeal Oedees, I Bowling Green, Ky., April 16th, 1863. 



!ES, ) 

^63. S 



The following letter has been received from Headquarters district of Western Kentucky, 
and is pubhshed for the information of this command: 

Brigadier General H. M. Judah, Bowling Green; 

General,— I am directed by the commanding general to acknowledge the receipt of your com- 
munication of April Kith, enclosing report of Second Lieutenant E. G. Wellington, Jr., 23d Michigan 
Infantry, of the attack made by a body of guerrillas on a freight train on the Louisville and Nash- 
ville railroad near Nashville. The splendid conduct of Lieutenant Wellington and his brave men 
is deserving of the highest connnendaiion. 

Very respectfully, vour obedient servant, 

A. C. TEMPLE, 

Ass't Adj'l General. 

This order will be read at dress-parade in the camp of each regiment or battalion of 
this command. 

By order of Brigadier General Judah, 

E. C. KISE, A. A. O. 

The 23d remained at Bowling Green until May 29th, 1863, employed in gar- 
risoning that post and guarding railroad trains. May 31st the regiment, then 
in command of Major 0. L. Spaulding, Colonel Chapin being on special duty 
commanding troops at Carthage, arrived at Glasgow. Marching from Glasgow 
it proceeded to Tompkinsville, from which place it started July -Ith in pursuit 
<jf the rebels under General John H. Morgan. Moving rapidly through Mun- 
foidsville, Elizabethtown, and Louisville, it proceeded to Jeffersonville, Lidiana, 
Oiiicmnati, Portsmouth, and Chilicothe, Oliio, and arrived at Paris, Kentucky, 
June 29th, just in time to save the railroad bridge from destruction, and a 
small force stationed at that point, from capture by a rebel force that made 
an attack soon after the arrival of the regiment. The rebels retired after a 
short skirmish. Leaving Paris August 4th, and then serving in the 2d brig- 
ade, 2d division, 23d corps, army of the Ohio, the regiment in command of 
Lieutenant Colonel Spaulding, Colonel Chapin being in command of the brig- 
ade, proceeded via Lexington and Louisville, to Lebanon, and thence to New 
Market. Leaving New Market August 17th, it participated in the advance 
into East Tennessee, arriving at Loudon September 4th. On the 15th it made 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 431 

a forced march of thirty miles to Kiioxville, and moved thence to Morristown. 
It returned to Loudon on the 19th. With the exception of these and some 
minor movements, the regiment remained at or near Loudon the remainder of 
September, and during October was engaged on picket duty and entrenching. 

During the early part of November following this regiment, in command 
of Miijor W. W. Wheeler, was in camp opposite Loudon, East Tennessee, 
doing picket duty, whence it marched to Lenoir. The '^3d then returned with 
the army towards Hough's Ferry, and attacked the enemy on the 12th, driving 
them some miles towards the ferry. On the following morning the command 
fell back to Lenoir. On the 16ih orders were received to destroy the trans- 
portation equipage and officer's baggage, and turn over the teams to the sev- 
eral batteries. The papers and records were here lost or destroyed. The 
retreat to Knoxville then commenced, the enemy vigorously pressing the pur- 
suit. A halt was ordered at Campbell's station and an endeavor made to check 
the rebel advance. The position was maintained against repeated attacks of 
the enemy for several hours, when the command, tired and hungry, continued 
the retreat through mud and rain, to Knoxville, where it arrived at 4 A. M., 
on the 17th, after a march of 28 miles, and a battle of five hours' duration, 
without food or rest. The loss of the regiment iu these movements was 8 
killed, 23 wounded, and 8 missing. 

The 23d, lU7th Illinois, lilth Ohio, and 13th Kentucky, under command 
of Colonel Chapin, composed the 2d brigade of General White's 2d divisiou 
of the 23d corps. 

The following is taken from the Red Book of Michigan : 

" The brigade had been engaged with its division in a severe encounter with the advanc- 
ing forces of Longstreet at Hough's Ferry on November 12th, when Colonel Chapin 
moved forward with his brigade to the attack on the double-quick, and after a severe fight 
against immense odds drove the enemy back for over three miles, when he took a strong 
position on a hill which he thought impregnable, defended as it was bj' three regiments of 
Longstreet's celebrated corps; but a charge was made by the 2d brigade, and in fifteen 
minutes the hill was cleared and the rebels routed with heavy loss. 

"Next morning at daylight the troops took up the line of march to Lenoir's, the second 
brigade covering the retreat, and skirmishing with the enemy during the day. Lenoir's 
was reached about 4 P. M., when it was discovered that the main rebel force had taken 
position to give battle. Necessary preparations were immediately made to meet their 
attack, but no demonstration was made by the enemy that evening. At daylight next 
morning the^-etreat was continued. Marching in the direction of Knoxville the retreat- 
ing troops were overtaken by the enemy near Campbell's station at midday on the 16th, 
•when a severe engagement immediately ensued. 

Which engagement is described by a correspondent Jn the Louisville Journal 

as follows: 

" One brigade of the 9th corps was in advance, the 2d brigade, of the 2d division, 23d 
corps in the center, and one brigade of the 9th corps as rear guard. The skirmishing was 
begun by the 9th corps, forming in rear of General White's command, which formed in 
line to protect the stock, etc., as it passed to the rear, and to cover the retreat of the 9th 
corps, which was the rear guard, and was to file past it. Again was the 2d brigade in 
position where it must receive the shock of battle, and must sustain, more or less, the 
honors already won. The arrangements for battle had hardly been completed befoie the 
cavalry came in from the front, followed by the infantiy of the 9th corps, and two heavy 
lines of the enemy emerged from the woods three-quarters of a mile in front. Each line 
consisted of a division, and were dressed almost wholly in the United States uniform, 
which at first deceived us. Their first line advanced to within eight hundred yards of 
General White's front before that officer gave the order to fire. Henshaw's and the 24lh 
Indiana batteries then opened on them with shell, but they moved steadily forward, clos- 
ing up as their lines would bo broken by this terrible flie, until within three hundred and 
fifty yards of our main line when the batteries mentioned open on them witli canister, and 
tour batteries in the rear and right and left of General White opened on their rear line 



432 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

with shell. This was more than they could stand. Their front line broke and ran back 
some distance, where they re-formed and deployed right and left and engaged the 13th 
Kentucky and 23d Michigan on the right and the 111th Ohio and 107th Illinois on the left, 
which were supported by General Ferrero's command of the 9th corps. This unequal 
contest went on for an hour and a half. The only advantage over them so far was in 
artillery, they not having any in position yet. It seemed to be their object to*crush the 
inferior force opposing them with their heavy force of infantry. The men were too stub- 
born; they would not yield an inch, but frequently drove the rebels from their position 
and held their ground. Finding they could not move them with the force already 
employed, the rebels moved forward another line of infantry, heavy as either of the first 
two, and placed in position three batteries. Their guns were heavier and of longer range 
than those of the 2d brigade, and were situated to command General White's position, 
while his guns could not answer their fire. They got the range of these guns at once and 
killed and wounded several gunners and disabled several horses, when General White 
ordered them back to the position occupied by those in the rear, the infantry holding the 
position covered by the artillery on the hill. An artillery fight then began which continued 
nearly two hours till it was growing dark and the order was given for our troops to fall 
back to resume the march to Knoxville. 

" 'Their bugles sang truce for the night cloud had lowered, 
And the sentinel stars set their watch in the sky; 
And thousands had sunk on the ground overpowered, 
The weary to sleep and the wounded to die.' 

"The management of the troops as they moved from the field of battle was a picture 
of skill and generalship. The 9th corps moved off first, devolving the duty of protecting 
the rear upon the troops of General White. They were hotly pursued by the enemy, 
who hoped to break the retreat into a route; but not a man quickened his pace, and their 
lines, dressed as when marching in review, gave evidence of the utter disregard of per- 
sonal safety to save the honor of three days' fighting and toil. The enemy made use of 
every advantage he thought he could gain, but not a move did he make that escaped the 
quick glance of division or brigade commander, who would face about or change his front 
as the occasion required, delivering a few volleys so well directed as to check and 
drive back the enemy utterly discomfited. For two miles this military game was played 
with such success by the 2d brigade as to cause the rebel chief to draw off, virtually 
acknowledging himself checkmated at the game he began and seemed anxious to play. 

" This retreat over that field was a sight so grand and beautiful in its management that 
it attracted the attention of every officer and man who could leave his command to wit- 
ness it. The heights in front and on the rear were filled with persons of high and low 
rank, almost grown boisterous with pleasurable excitement as each move of troops of 
General White showed them the discomfited enemy falling back to assume a new offensive 
movement, and to meet the same fate as before. General Burnside, who witnessed its 
management, pronounced it a masterly effort against such numbers. 

" Night coming on, the enemy growing less troublesome. Colonel Chapin^ommanding 
the brigade, who had been unwell for a number of days, but had refused to leave the field 
while the enemy was in front, was now suffering so that he was ordered to quit his post, 
and the command devolved upon Colonel W. E. Hobson, of the 13th Kentucky, who led 
the men from the field and conducted the retreat to Knoxville. 

" Of Colonel Chapin, commanding the 2d brigade, I need not add to what I have said. 
His excellent management of the troops upon three fields and his personal bravery have 
attached him to his men as few commanders are attached. His staff. Captains Gallup 
and Sheldon, and Lieutenant Pearson, are worthy followers of their brave leader." 

This correspondent, in mentioning the names of the several regimental com- 
manders in the brigade us behaving nobly, includes the name of Major 
Wheeler. The regiment assisted actively in the defense of Knoxville until the 
siege was raised, on the 5th of December. On the 7th of December it marched 
in pursuit of the retreating rebels, and on the 13th went into camp at Plain's 
Cross Roads, where it was stationed until the 25th, when it received orders to 
proceed to [Strawberry Plains and build fortifications at that place. From the 
commencement of the retreat to Knoxville to this time the regiment suffered 
greatly. It subsisted on quarter rations of meal and fresh beef, foraged from 
the country. It had few tents, and many of the men were without blankets. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 433 

overcoats, or shoes. On the 14th of January, 1864, the regiment marched to 
Dand ridge, but on the 17th fell back to Strawberry Pluius, wlience, on the 
21st, the march was continued to a point near Knoxville, where it was stationed 
until February 15th, engaged on picket and out-post duty. The enemy's cav- 
alry attacked its pickets January 27th, and mortally wounded one man and 
captured seven others. The regiment returned to Strawberry Plains February 
23d, where it encamped until the 29th. Thence it proceeded to New Market 
and Mossy Creek, and on the 12th to Morristown, returning to Mossy Creek 
on the 18th. There is no report of the movements of the regiment during the 
montli of April. 

On May 2d it moved from Charleston, Tenn., in command of Colonel 
0. L. Spaulding, and entered on the Atlanta campaign, being still in the 2d 
brigade, 2d division, 23d corps. On the 7th it marched toward Tunnel Hill, 
and on the 8th encountered the enemy at Rocky Face. The regiment advanced 
as skirmishers, and took possession of a ridge in front of the enemy's works. 
On the 9th it was engaged in a reconuoissance of the rebel position. Moving 
from Rocky Face, and marcliing through Snake Cieek Gap, the regiment 
arrived in front of Resaca on the 13th, and on the following day participated 
in an unsuccessful charge on the enemy's works, losing, in a few minutes, 62 
men killed and wounded. 

A report of Colonel Spaulding says: 

"* * * An assault on the enemy's works was ordered. The assaulting column was 
formed in three lines, this regiment being in the second line. Advancing over an open 
field, within easy rifle shot of the enemy's position, under a terrible Are of musketry and 
artillery, the regiment in front of the 23d broke and was driven back, and the one in our 
rear followed them. We pushed forward until we reached a deep creek which was impos- 
sible to cross, and held our position until ordered back. In this advance the regiment 
lost 62 killed and wounded. Lieutenant Wm. C. Stewart was killed." • ♦ » 

The enemy having evacuated Resaca, the regiment engaged in the pursuit, 
and came up and skirmished with them on the 24th, on the Etowah river. 
The rebel forces having fallen back to Dallas, the 23d took a position in front 
of their works at that point, which it occupied from the 27th to the 1st of 
June, and during this time was almost constantly, day and night, engaged in 
skirmishing. On the 31st of May it assisted in repelling a charge made on 
our lines. The regiment participated in the various movements following the 
retreat of the enemy from Dallas, and was engaged at Lost Mountain June 
17th, Keuesaw mountain on the 27th, on the Chattahoochee river July 5th 
and 6th, before Atlanta during the siege, and at Lovejoy's Station on the 31st 
of August, and subsequently moved to Decatur. At Lost Mountain Lieutenant 
VVm. Begole was mortally wounded on the 16th, and died at Chattanooga on 
October 15th following. The regiment marched from Decatur on the 3d of 
October in pursuit of the rebel army under General Hood, who was then 
moving nortliward through Georgia and Alabama to tiie Tennessee river. 
During the month it marched to Marietta, Dallas, New Hope Church, Big 
Shanty, AUatoona, Cartersville, Kingston, and Rome. From Rome it moved 
to Calhoun, thence to Resaca, and through Snake Creek Gap to Villanou, 
Summersville, and Cedar Bluff, Ala. 

On October 31st it was at Rome, and with its brigade reached Johnsonville, 

Tenn., early in November, where it was stationed, doing garrison duty and 

throwing up works, until the 24th, when it left by rail for Columbia, arriving 

there on the 25th, and there joined the army then opposmg Hood. At the 

55 



4:34 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

time of its arrival at that point a heavy skirmish was in progress, and four 
companies were immediately sent forward on the skirmish line, while the regi- 
ment went into position, and at midnight it was ordered to withdraw to Duck 
river, then threw up works and lay on the south side of the river skirmishing 
with the enemy and working day and night, the men being on short rations. 
Before daylight on the 28th the regiment crossed Duck river, taking a position 
on the north bank, skirmishing with the enemy across the river until noon of 
the 29th, when the army fell back towards i'ranklin, and about dark, near 
Spring hill, ten miles north of Duck river, the enemy was found in front in 
heavy force on the right flank, occupying the road, and after a short skirmish he 
was driven from his position, and the march was resumed towards Franklin, 
where the army arrived on the morning of the 30th, the enemy hanging on its 
rear and flanks, and destroying a part of the train. The army was immediately 
put in position, throwing up slight works, and at 4 P. M. the enemy attacked 
in four lines, and after a desperate assault he was repulsed with great loss. He 
renewed the attack at intervals until 10 P. M., when he again made an assault 
and planted his colors on the works in front of the 23d Michigan, and was 
repulsed after a hand-to-hand fight. At 11 P. M. our troops withdrew and 
crossed the river, moving in the direction of Nashville, and arrived there at 2 
P. M., December 1st, having in 48 hours marched 50 miles and fought the 
battle of Franklin, the men being on less than quarter rations. In the 
engagement Captain D. M. Averill was killed. 

Headquarters 2d Brigade, 2d Division, 23d Army Corps, } 
Nashville, Tenn., December 2, 2S64, y 
General Orders, } 
No. 7. ) 

It is with feelings of the deepest gratitude that the brigade commander congratulates 
the gallant officers and soldiers of the entire brigade upon the great victory achieved on 
the battle-field at Franlilin, Tenn., November 3Uth, 1864:. An unbroken line of steel com- 
posed of the 80th Indiana, 118th Ohio, 107th Illinois, 23d Michigan, 129th Indiana, and 
111th Ohio regiments was formed, with the entire brigade front, without a reserve, to 
engage the rebel force, which was from three to five times their number, and which 
advanced to the charge with three lines of battle, extending along the whole front. 

The repeated, desperate, and determined charges of the enemy were every time suc- 
cessfully met, and with a heroism unsurpassed in the annals of war they advanced but to 
be driven back with terrible slaughter— they advanced upon a line of steel. 

The heroic spirit which inspired the command was forcibly illustrated by the gallant 
111th i-egiment of Ohio infantry, on the left flank of the brigade, when the enemy carried 
the works on their left and they stood firm and crossed bayonets with them, holding them 
in check. This is not mentioned to discriminate between the gallant regiments of the 
command, but by way of illustrating the heroic bravery of the entire command, for all 
along tlie line, at different points, at different times, a hand to hand conflict ensued, 
even to the capture and recapture of the colors. 

A late hour closed the conflict upon your front, and a nation's gratitude will be your 
reward. 

We c;an but drop a tear for our brave companions who fell so nobly upon the battle-field 
and express a deep sympathy fur their loved ones at home. 

By command of 
Henry H. Hall, COL. 0. H. MOOEE. 

Captain and A, A. O. 

The regiment lay in the works at Nashville until the morning of the 15th, 
when, as a part of the army of General Thonuis, it moved on the enemy 
and was in the engagements during that day and the next with Hood's forces, 
wliich resulted in his being driven, in a demoralized condition, from all his 
positions. On the 15th the regiment made a daring and dashing charge on a 
position occupied by a portion of the enemy's infantry behind a heavy stone 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 435 

■wall on a crest of a hill, carried it in most gallant style, capturing more pris- 
oners than there were men in the line of the regiment. The color staff is 
flhot in two, the color sergeant severely wounded, but before the colors fell to 
the ground they were grasped by a color-bearer and bravely carried forward 
erect and defiant. 

On the 17th the pursuit of the enemy commenced, and during the first 
three days of the march the rain fell in torrents, the mud being fully six 
inches deep, which with the swollen streams rendered progress extremely diffi- 
cult and tedious. The pursuit was continued until Columbia was reached, 
where a halt was made and the movement ended. 

The following is from a correspondent : 

"You are long since posted on our glorious battles of the 15th and ICth of December 
before Nashville. There is much to write, it seems, that the world can never know. 
Michigan should know more than the mere telegraphic reports of the part which her brave 
soldiers acted. The 23d and 25th are in the 23d army corps. The morning of the 15th 
M-as warm and the earth, fortunately for our movement, covered with a dense fog. Steed- 
man commands. The 4th and 16th corps passed defiantly over their works and moved 
foi'ward to confront the enemy in his works, while the 23d corps moved far to our right, 
passing between our fortifications and the city, and passnig out, formed in four lines upon 
the extreme right of our hne of infantry. We then began our usual movement in battle, 
during the whole Georgia campaign, swinging around to our left as we moved forwaid'. 
and pressing hard upon the enemy's right. This we continued until our batteries reached 
the desired position. One by one they opened until the whole eai-th seemed to tremble, 
the enemy responding as is written, ' feebly.' The results of these feeble efforts reached 
our lines, causing us to hug the earth closely, but with unpleasant sounds passing us 
harmless. An hour or more we lay listening to the thunder of this grand artillery fight, 
and feeling proud of the general commandii;g, who had so defiantly pushed so much heavy 
ordnance into the very face of that boast mg braggart, Hood. Hooker before Kenesaw had 
caused our hearts to swell under the sublime thunder tones of his artillery, but Thomas 
before Nashville having facilities for multiplying the notes struck them boldly, and reached 
such of those explosive mines of feeling and emotion as seldom burst upon one in 
this world. While Steedman on our left and the 4th corps on his right, and the 16th corps 
were charging upon and taking successive hues of the enemy, our corps again moved by 
the flank nearly three miles to our right and front, our whole line having pushed the 
enemy back in wheeling movement around and upon his right flank, where were built his 
strongest fortifications, and where he made his most stubborn resistance that day. We 
reached again the extreme right of our inlantiy lines. A. J. Smith's force had just taken 
a high hill and a battery from the enfiny. Behind this hill our corps lormed, and moving 
over it near its base upon the opposite side where runs the Harrodsburg pike, passed 
through the resting lines of the 16th corps, relieving them, and pressed on through a wood 
to the open fields of the valley. Here the balls from the skirmish line began to fly around 
our heads, and shell from a battery upon the next eminence half a mile to our front 
shrieked over and tore up the ground before us. Down through the fields, over fences, 
past a mansion but a few moments since the headquarters of a rebel geneial, and over the 
fields and hills we ran. As our regiment climbed to the brow of a slight elevation we dis- 
lodged the enemy from a stone wall, losing a standard-bearer and several sergeants of 
Company I wounded, but escaping wonderfully, by the favorable lay of the ground, that 
shower of lead. We cast a glance toward the high point from which burst forth the smoke 
from the enemy's batteries. A regiment in advance of all others had climbed to within a 
hundred yards of the battery. A horseman had taken its star spangled banner and rude 
forward to the very mouth of the cannon, then turned around and waved it to his vahanL 
followers. I need not attempt to describe the shout of pride, of triumph, and of joy, that 
went up from our corps. The hill and battery were ours. The majt>r who bore our beau- 
tiful banner there was Major Dunn of the 3d Tennessee Infantry. Until that hour we 
had known but httie of the magnificence of that 

" Flag of the free heart's hope and home, 
By angel hands to valor given, 
Whose stars have lit the welkin dome, 
And all whose hues were born in heaven. 

" The shades of evening were falling, the enemy had fled. We entrenched ourselves and 
lay down to rest. Another hour and our regiment was building strong works on the 



436 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 

hill, up near where the last battery was taken. The enemy half a mile distant, on a hill 
of equal height, was heard doing a like work. Early on the morning of the 16th the bat- 
tery from General Couch's division opened upon the enemy's works at short range, doing 
splendid execution, piercing repeatedly their works, and even playing the sharpshooter, 
by crushing through the trees, from which were seen the smoke of rebel skirmisher^; the 
wind blew strong and cold. Far to the left was seen the flash of our artillery, bringing no 
audible response. The whole line poured out its volume of iron until about 2 P. M. All 
day legions of cavalry had been moving to our right. Then came the charge. Our first 
brigade, General Cooper's, moved from our left and began the ascent of that steep, the 
summit' of which was the last stronghold of the enemy visible to us. We watched our 
flao- as it moved slowly but steadily up, until it reached the summit, when it waved tri- 
umphantly there, and the rebels were seen flying before it. The excitement all along the 
line became intense. The flag that first waved over the enemy's works at the summit of 
the hill was that of the 25th Michigan. A few hundred yards to the right of this point the 
enemy was seen to plant hurriedly a battery and fire wildly a few shots, when our skir- 
mishers silenced it. A moment more and this was ours. Still on the right and higher up 
than all, there was such heavy musketry firing as to produce that perfect roll which tells that 
it is the carbine with its seven or more shots. Suddenly, very suddenly, it ceased. Our 
cavalry, which in these two days' fighting had redeemed itself from all odium attached to its 
character in the days of Wolford, had there captured a brigade. The glorious day's work 
was done. ' Ho, for Alabama! ' was then our watchword. We marched over their works 
and on in the pursuit. Such a scene! Their trenches, the corn fields, the Granny White 
pike which we then struck, the whole were covered with great and small arms, ammuni- 
tion and accoutrements, wounded, dead — indeed, all the paraphernalia and debris of a 
routed army. Glory enough; we had reached the acme of our arms, and felt a kind of 
pity for those who had not been here to see all this." 

The 23d corps having received orders to proceed to Washington, D, C, the 
regiment, still serving in the same brigade and division, left Columbia on 
January 1st, 1865, and marched for Clifton, a point on the Tennessee river, 
distant 250 miles, where it arrived on the 8th, and on the 16th embarked on 
steamers for Cincinnati, Ohio. Reaching there on the 22d immediately took 
rail for Washington, and arriving there on the 29th moved to Camp Stoneman 
and continued at that point until February 9th following, when it went to 
Alexandria, whereon the 11th it embarked with its corps on transports for 
Smithville, N. C, at the mouth of Cape Fear river, reaching that point on 
the 15th. On the 17th the movement was commenced against Fort Anderson, 
and on the 18th our troops were advanced to within a few yards of the forts 
and intrenched under a heavy fire of musketry and artillery, and on the morn- 
ing of the 19th occupied the fort, the 23d Michigan being the first to enter. 
Engaging again the enemy at Town Creek on the 20tii, capturing two pieces 
of artillery, and taking 350 prisoners, a movement was immediately made up 
the south bank of the I'^er, above Wilmington, and on the night of the 22d 
the troops moved back ten miles to cross the river for the purpose of rejoining 
General Terry. The crossing was made on boats from the fleet on the morn- 
ing of the 23d, when it was found that Wilmington had been evacuated during 
the previous night. The march was resumed on March 6th. Proceeding up 
the coast, reached Kingston just at the close of the action at that point, hav- 
ing marched 125 miles in six days, and for the last 24 hours without halting,, 
except long enough to draw rations and issue 30 additional rounds of ammu- 
nition to the men. On the 20th left Kingston, and occupied Goldsboro on 
the 22d, the eneiny retiring on the approach of our forces. General k>herman'& 
army arriving at Goldsboro on the 23d, the regiment was sent back ten miles 
to Mosely Hall to guard the railroad at that place while tiie army was being 
supplied, and on April 9th moved with the grand army on Raleigh, which was 
reached and occupied on the 13th. The regiment remained at that point until 
the surrender of Johnston's army on the 21st, when, on the 3d of May, it 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 437 

marched for Greensboro, distant 90 miles, reaching there on the 7th. On the 
9th went by rail to Salisbury, remaining there until June 28th, when it was 
mustered out of service, and in command of Colonel Spauldiug left for Mich- 
igan by rail via Danville, Petersburg, and City Point, Va., thence by steamer 
to Baltimore, Md., where it again took rail, and arriving July 7th at Detroit, 
on the SOih was paid off and discharged. 

The regiment during service had met the enemy at Paris, Ky., July 29, 
18G3; Plufl's Ferry, Tenn., November 12, 18G3 ; Campbell's Station, Teun., 
November 16, 1863; siege of Knoxville, Tenn., November 17 to December 5, 
1803; Dandridge, Tenn., January 14, 1864; Strawberry Plains, Tenn., Jan- 
uary 22, 1864; Rocky Face, Ga., May 8, 1864; Eesaca, Ga,, May 14, 1864; 
Etowah River, Ga., May 22, 1864; Dallas, Ga., May 27,1864; New Hope 
Church, Ga., June 1, 1864; Lost Mountain, Ga., June 17, 1864; Kenesaw 
Ga., Jane 27, 1864; Chattahoochee River, Ga,, July 5 and 6, 1864; siege of 
Atlanta, Ga., July 22 to August 25, 1864; Lovejoy's Station, Ga., August 31, 
1864; Columbia, Tenn., November 25, 1864; Duck River, Tenn., November 
28, 1864; Spring Hill, Tenn., November 29, 1864; Franklin, November 30, 
1864; Nashville, Tenn., December 12 to 16, 1864; Fort Anderson, N. C,, 
Febiuary 18, 1865; Town Creek, N. C, February 20, 1865; Wilmington, N. 
C, February 21, 1865; Goldsboro, N. C, March 22, 1865. 

The 23d had borne on its rolls 1,417 officers and men, while its loss was 287, 
being 3 officers and 38 men killed in action, 1 officer and 17 men died of 
wounds, and of disease, 3 officers and 225 men. 

" O, bravest, truest, best! — 

Well earned the quiet rest, 
Beneath the daisied sod! 

No more the volleyinpf gun, 

No more the scorchmg sun, 
For you, O, tiled sleepers, watched by God!" 



TWENTY-FOURTH REGIMENT INFANTRY. 



" Our country! forever we swear 'neath the blue, 

Thy name and thy fame bright and spotless shall be! 
Thine honor we'll guard — hearts and hands ever true; 
Columbia! we owe all and give all to thee!" 

The 24th was raised almost exclusively in the county of Wayne, with its 
rendezvous at Detroit. It was recruited with much dispatch, being mustered 
into the U. S. service on the 15th of August, 1862, just thirty days from the 
date of the order giving authority for its organization. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Colonel, Henry A. Morrow, Detroit. Lieutenant Colonel, Mark Planigan, Detroit- 
Major, Henry W. Nail, Detroit. Surgeon, John H. Beech, Coldwater. Assistant Surgeon^ 
Charles C. Smith, Kedford. Second Assistant Surgeon, Alexander Collar, Wayne. 
Adjutant, James J. Barnes, Detroit. Quartermaster, Digby V. Bell, Jr., Detroit. Chap- 
lain, William C. Way, Plymouth. 

The companies were mustered in with the following line officers: 

A. Captain, Edwin B. Wight, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Richard S. Dillon, Detroit. 
Second Lieutenant, Henrv K. Whiting, Detroit. 

B. Captain, Isaac W. Ingersoll, Detroit. First Lieutenant, William H. Eexford, 
Detroit. Second Lieutenant, F. Augustus Buhl, Detroit. 

C. Captain, Calvin B. Crosby, Plymouth. First Lieutenant, Charles A. Hoyt, Plymouth. 
Second Lieutenant, Winfield S. Safford, Plymouth. 

D. Captain, William J. Speed, Detroit. First Lieutenant, John M. Farland, Detroit. 
Second Lieutenant, Charles C. Yemens, Redford. 

E. Captain, James Cullen, Detroit. First Lieutenant, John J. Lennon, Detroit. Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, Malachi J. O'Donnell, Detroit. 

F. Captain, Albert M. Edwards, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Asa W. Sprague, Detroit. 
Second Lieutenant, Jacob M. Howard, Jr., Deti'oit. 

G. Captain, William A. Owen, Detroit. First Lieutenant, William Hutchinson, Detroit. 
Second Lieutenant, George W. Burchell, Detroit. 

II. Captain, Warren G. Vinton, Detroit. First Lieutenant, John C. Merritt, Detroit. 
Second Litnitenant, Newell Grace, Redford. 

I. Captain, George C. Gordon, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Henry P. Kinney, Detroit. 
Second Lieutenant, John M. Gordon, Redford. 

K. Captain, William VV. Wight, Livonia. First Lieutenant, Walter H. Wallace, Browns- 
town. Second Lieutenant, David Birrell, Detroit. 

Prior to its leaving for the front, Messrs. F. Buhl, Ncwland & Co. gave the 
24th, on Campus Martins, Detroit, a very costly ilag, red, white, and bine, in 
stars of raised work, inscribed on the flag, " 24t,h Michigan Infantry." D. 
E. Hurbaugh, Esc]., made a very appropriate presentation speech, to which 
Colonel Morrow made a very brief but patriotic reply. The flag was carried 
through all the battles of the regiment up to Gettysburg, where, in upholding 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 439 

and saving it:, four color-bearers were killed and three wounded. It was then 
returned to the State, being so tattered and torn as to be unfit for service. 

The 24th left Detroit on the 29th of August, 1862, in command of Colonel 
Morrow, who had been authorized by the Governor to recruit and organize the 
regiment, and took the route to Washington, arriving there on September 2d, 
and marched to Camp Morrow, near Fort Lyon, Va., then on the 4th moved 
to Fort Wayne, remaining there until the 7th, when it marched to Camp 
Shearer, near Fort Baker, D. C. It remained at this camp until September 
3Uth, when it was ordered by General Banks to take rail for Frederick City, 
Md., but owing to some disarrangement it did not start until October Ist, 
arriving at Frederick City about midnight of the same day, and the day after 
went into camp. On October 6th the regiment marched for Sharpsburg, 
arriving there on the 8th, and was assigned to General Gibbon's Ist brigade, 
1st division, 1st corps. On October 20th, under orders of General Gibbon, the 
regiment continued the march from day to day in Maryland, and on the 30th 
crossed the Potomac on pontoon bridges into Virginia, at Berlin; continuing 
the march through Virginia, reached Warrenton on November ■6th, and on the 
22d, after a long march, went into camp near the Richmond, Fredericksburg, 
and Aquia Creek Railroad, when it was placed on duty guarding that railroad. 
On the 6th of December the regiment was relieved from that duty, and on the 
9th, 10th, and 11th, was again on the move. At daylight on the 11th it marched 
towards Fredericksburg and remained lying on its arms until daylight of the 
12th, when it crossed the Rappahannock on the lower pontoon bridges. Soon 
after reaching the Fredericksburg side the enemy opened with artillery from 
the heights. 

The regiment was still in the 4th brigade, Franklin's 1st division, Ist corps, 
and on the left of the line of battle. It was under heavy artillery fire on tlie 
12th and 13th. On the latter day it supported battery "B," 4th U. S. artil- 
lery, sustaining a loss of 8 killed, 16 wounded and 8 missing. Among the 
killed was Lieutenant David Birrell. 

April 22d, 1863, the regiment marched from camp at Belle Plains, crossed 
the Rappahannock at Port Royal at daylight on the 23d, drove the enemy from 
the town, captured a number of prisoners, horses, and mules, and an important 
rebel mail, returning to camp on the 23d without loss. As preliminary to the 
crossing of the Rappahannock by the main body of the army in the advance 
on Chancellorsville, the 24th. on the 29th of April, supported by the 6th Wis- 
consin, crossed the river at Fitz Hugh crossing, drove the rebels from tlieir 
rifle-pits, and captured 103 prisoners, the loss of the regiment being 3 killed 
and 22 wounded. The enemy left 17 of their killed on the field. Tills was a 
daring achievement, receiving at the time the notice of the entire army for 
galhmt and successful serv'ice. 

Afterwards, the 1st corps, to which the 24th was attached, moved to near 
Chancellorsville, but did not become engaged in the battle at that place, and 
covered the retreat of the army across the Rappahannock, after the battle. 
Fiom the 21st to the 26Lh of May, inclusive, the brigade, then in command of 
Colonel Morrow, of which the 24Lh formed part was engaged in an expedition 
to Westmoreland Court House, which resulted in the capture of 50 prisoners 
and 5U0 horses and mules, and the liberation of over 1,000 slaves, who were 
broiiglit within our lines. In this affair the brigade marched over 150 miles 
in five days. 

' The regiment, again in command of Colonel Morrow and then in the Ist 
brigade, 1st division, 1st corps, soon entered on the Pennsylvania can)paign. 



440 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

At Gettysburg, the great battle of the rebellion, Michigan troops were in 
large proportion. There the Confederate army of Virginia, and the Federal 
army of the Potomac, meet face to face; there the blue, under the star-span- 
gled banner, and the grey, under the stars and bars, cover the hillocks and 
hillsides in that quiet, green valley of the Keystone State. 

" Thin curling in the morning air 
The wreaths of failing smolie declare, 
To embers now the brands decayed, 
Where the night-watch their fires had made." 

Out of the woodlands at break of day, a bullet comes ever and anon, an 
ominous messenger of the coming storm ; no enemy is yet in sight; at last a 
grey line of men shoots up, then comes a shock of musketry that rakes the 
Seminary, rends the trees, and makes gaps in lines of carbineers. Men on 
stretchers pass in solemn round, and the great battle is surely and furiously on. 
On they come, 

" True to the last of their blood and their breath, 
And like reapers advance to the hai-vest of death." 

Desperation is in their movements, they seem to hazard all, columns in mass 
rush on the union line ; they hesitate, stagger under the federal fire, waver and 
are repulsed. Charge follows charge in rapid order, unparalleled salvos of 
artillery, drifts of shot and shell, whirlwinds of minie bullets, continuous and 
destructive ; the field is gory, and the air is thick with the breath of the dying. 
Three long days the battle rages, but the flag of the union is triumphant, its 
stars shine brightly, and night brings victory. 

In the beautiful cemetery where now quietly rest the dead of that terrible 
strife, lie the remains of over two hundred Michigan men, the third largest in 
number, and the largest in proportion to population. 

"Sleep well, O sad-browed city, 

Whatever may betide ; 
Not under a nation's pity, 

But 'mid a nation's pride. 
The vines that round you clamber, 

The brightest shall be, and best ; 
You sleep in the honor-chamber, 

Each one is a royal guest." 

The 24th left its camp near the Rappahannock on the 12th of June, and 
shared, with its corps, the laborious and rapid marches to the Pennsylvania 
line. It arrived near Gettysburg on the 1st of July, and went immediately 
into action, the division to which it was attached being the first infantry force 
under fire in that sanguinary struggle. 

"When lo! the dread brigade called Iron, flashed 
In armour bright as on the foe they dashed ; 
And when they met, a a bloody slaughter spread 
The verdant plain, hke autumn leaves, with dead." 

This brigade had become known throughout the army of the Potomac as 
the "Iron lirigade," and under that additional designation its record in the 
war has passed into history. 

On the first day the loss of the 24th was extremely large, being 316 in 
killed, wounded, and misiring. Among the killed were Captains William J. 
Speed, Mahichi O'Donnell, and Lieutenants Walter H. Wallace, W. S. Saf- 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 441 

ford, Newell Grace, R. Humphreyville, Gilbert A. Dickey, and Lucius D. 
Shattuck. During the engagements of the 2d and 3d it was not under fire of 
musketry. 

Extracts from the report of Colonel Morrow covering in detail the services 
and losses of his regiment at Gettysburg: 

"On the 28th day of June, 18G3, we marched from Middleton, Md., to near Frederick 
City, and on the 2yth we marched to Emmettsburg. Tlie latter was a long march, in 
which the troops suffered much from fatigue. On the 30th day of June we marched 
three or four miles and bivouacked near Marsh Creek. 

" At an early hour on the 1st day of July we marched in the direction of Gettysburg, 
distant six or seven miles. The report of artillery was soon heard in the direction of this 
place, which indicated that our cavalry had already engaged the enemy. Our pace was 
considerably quickened, and about 9 A. M. we came near the town of Gettysburg, and 
filed off to the left; leaving it on our right, we crossed an insignittcent branch, and were 
moved forward into line of battle on the double-quick. The cavalry immediately in oui* 
front was hotly engaged with the enemy, and the brigade was ordered to advance at 
once, no order being given or time allowed for loading our guns. I halted my regiment 
for this purpose, but was directed by a staff officer of General Wadsworth to move for- 
ward immediately without loading, which I did. The order to charge was now given, 
and the brigade dashed up and over the hill, and down into the ravine through wiiich (lows 
Willoughby's Run, where we captured a large number of prisoners being a part of Gen- 
eral Archer's brigade. The cavalry, in the meantime, had taken position on our left ttank. 
In this affair the 24th Michigan occupied the extreme left of the brigade, the 19Lh Indiana 
being on our right. I had lost my color-bearer, Abel G. Peck, a bravt; and faithful soldier, 
several of my color guard, and many men. After advancing to the crest of the hill 
beyond the run, we were halted, and threw out skirmishers to the front, and also to the 
left, near a brick house. We now received orders to withdraw to the east bank of the 
stream. The brigade changed front forward on first battalion and marciied into the 
woods known as McPherson's woods, and formed in line of battle, the 19th Indiana b<'ing 
on the left of the 24th Michigan, and the 7th Wisconsin on its right. In executing this 
movement my lieutenant colonel and adjutant were severely wounded, and did not after- 
ward join the regiment, the former having lost a leg and the latter being severely 
wounded in the groin. The line of the 24th Michigan curved a little backwards on the 
right, that wing being thrown a little back so as to connect with the 7th Wisconsin skir- 
mishers, who were immediately deployed in front, and became at once engaged with the 
enemy. The woods were shelled, but I have no casualties to report as occurring at this 
time. I several times sent officers to the general commanding to report the condition of 
the line, and suggesting a change of position, as it was, to my judgment, untenable. To 
these reports of the condition of the line I received answer that the position was ordered 
to be held, and must be held at all hazards. The enemy advanced in two lines of battle, 
their right extending beyond and overlapping our left. I gave directions to the men to 
withhold their fire until the enemy should come within easy range of our guns; this was 
done, but the nature of the ground was such that I am inclined to think we inilicted but 
little injury on the enemy at this time. Their advance was not chocked, and tliry came 
on with rapid strides, yelling like demons. The lUth Indiana, on our lol't, fought most 
gallantly, but was overpowered by superior numbers, the enemy having also the advantage 
of position, and after a severe loss was forced back. Tlie left of my regiment was now 
exposed to an enfilading and cross fire, and orders were given for this portion of the line 
to swing back so as to force the enemy now on the fiaiik. Pending the execution of this 
movement the enemy advanced in sucii force as to compel me to fall back and take a mnv 
position a short distance in the rear. In the meantime I had lost, in killed and wounded, 
several of my best ollicers and many of my men. Among the former were Captain 
William J. Speed, acting major, Lieutenant Dickey, a young officer of great promise, and 
Charles Ballon, my second color-bearer. The second Uno was promptly formed, and wo 
made a desperate resistance; but the enemy accumulating in our front, and our losses 
being very great, we were forced to fall back and take up a third position beyond a slitrht 
ravine. My third color-bearer, Augustus Ernest, of Company K, was killed on this line; 
Major E. B. Wight, acting lieutenant colonel, was wounded at this time and compelled to 
leave the field. By this time the ranks were so decimated tiiat scarcely a fourth of tlio 
f<u'ce taken into action could be rallied. Corporal Andrew Wagner, of Company F, one 
of the color guard, took the colors and was ordered by mo to plant them in a [)osition to 
which I designed to rally the men; ho was wounded in the breast and was left on the 
field. I now took the fiag from the ground where it had faWen and was rallying the 
lemnant of my regiment when Private WilUam Kolley, of Company E, came up and look 



443 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

the colors from my hand, remarking, as he did so, ' The colonel of the 24th shall never 
carry the flag while I am alive.' He was killed instantly. Private Silburn Spaiilding, 
of Company K, seized the colors and bore them for a time; subsequently I took them to 
rally the men and kept them until I was wounded, near the barricade, west of Seminary 
buildings, and left the field. "We had inflicted severe loss on the enemy, but their num- 
bers were so overpowering and our own losses had been so great that we were'unable to 
maintain our position, and were forced back, step by step, contesting every foot of the 
ground to the barricade referred to. 

" Previous to our abandoning our last position orders were received to fall back, given, 
I believe, by Major General Duubleday. The command of the regiment now devolved 
upon Captain Albert M. Edwards, who collected the remnant of it and fell back with the 
brigade to Culp's Hill, which it held for the two succeedmg days. Shortly after I was 
wouuded Captain Edwards tound the colors in the hands of a wounded soldier, who had 
fallen on the east side of the barricade. He was reclining on his right side and was hold- 
ing the colors in his left hand. I have not been able to ascertain the name of this brave 
soldier in whose paralyzed hands Captain Edwards found the flag, and who describes the 
soldier as having been severely wounded, and is therefore probably among the dead. His 
name may forever be unknown, but his bravery will never die. Captain Edwards 
behaved very gallantly at this time in rallying the men under a muiderous fire. The field 
over which we fought from our first line of battle in McPherson's woods to the barricade 
near the seminary, was strewn with the killed and wounded. Our losses were very large, 
exceeding perhaps the losses sustained by any one regiment of equal size in a single 
engagement of this or any other war. The strength of the regiment on the first day of 
July was as follows: Three field officers, 1 staff officer, 24 line officers, and 468 uon-com- 
missioned officers and privates, a total of 496, while its loss was 316, being 8 line officers, 
22 non-commissioned oflicers, and 49 privates killed; wounded, 3 field otticers, 1 staff 
officer, 10 line officers, 41 non-commissioned officers, and 182 privates. About 80 of the 
enlisted men and 3 officers were reported as missing in action, many of whom have never 
been heard from and are known not to be in the hands of the enemy. They were 
undoubtedly killed, but not having been so reported, are not included in the above. Cap- 
tain George Gordon and First Lieutenants Asa W. Sprague and H. Eees Whiting were 
captured and are still prisoners at Kichmond. Nearly all of our wounded, myself 
included, fell into the hands of the enemy when he took possession of the town of Gettys- 
burg. When the enemy evacuated the place on the night of the 3d instant most of the 
wounded were left behind. 

"The regiment occupied Culp's Hill during the battles of the 2d and 3d of July, but 
sustained little or no loss. 

" During the battle of the 1st instant the regiment lost in killed four color-bearers, Abel 
G. Peck, Charles Ballou, August Ernest, and William Kelly. During the engagement of 
the 1st the hag was carried by no less than nine pei'sons, four of the number haviiig been 
killed and three wounded. 

" Of the killed nothing less can be said than that their conduct in this memorable battle 
was brave and daring, and was creditable alike to themselves and the service. It will 
not be disparaging to his brave comrades who fell on this terrible but glorious day and 
who sleep with him in honored graves to say that Captaui Speed's death was a severe loss 
to the service and an almost irreparable one to his regiment. He was amiable, intelli- 
gent, honorable, and brave, and was universally respected and esteemed by all who knew 
him. Captain O'Donnell was a young officer who had given strong proofs of courage and 
capacity, and whose death was deeply deplored in the regiment. Lieutenant Wallace 
served in the Peninsular campaign under General McClellan and lost an eye in the battle 
cf Fair Oaks. He was a biave officer, an honorable man, and a good discipliininan. 
Lieutenant Dickey joined the regiment in the capacity of commissary sergeant, and for 
integrity, capacity, and attention to business was promoted to the rank of sergeant major, 
and thence to a second heutenancy. He had given great promise of luture usefulness 
and distinction. He was the first commrssioned officer of the regiment killed at Gettys- 
burg. Lieutenants Grace, Humphreyville, Safford, and Shattuck were distinguished in 
the regiment lor their attention to every duty, for the amiability of their manners, and 
for uiiHinehing courage in battle. Lieutenant Grace was one of the bravest men I ever 
knew. Tlie remains of Captain Speed and Lieutenants Wallace and Safford were con- 
veyed to Michigan by their friends for interment, but the remains of the other officers 
slept with the brave non-commissioned officers and privates who fell that day in the cem- 
etery in which a grateful nation will at no distant period erect a mausoleum to perpetuate 
the meaioriesof its defenders Lieutenant Colonel Flanigan lost his left leg in tliis battle. 
His conduct here, as everywhere hi battle, was daring and gallant. Major Wight 
ac(juitted himself in the most creditable manner, and remained at his post until forced by 
his wound to leave the field. Botli of these officers have since been discharged from the 
service on account of their wounds. They were universally esteemed and respected. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 443 

"Captain Hutchinson received a severe contvision In the jfroin early in the day, but 
remained with his company and behaved very i^ailantly. Captain Rexford was wounded 
in tlie chaniTB of front already referred to His conduct hero as everywhere was gallant 
and conspicuous. Captain Edwards displayed great coolness and courage and deserves 
honorable mention. Captain Dillon conmianded his company with skill and behaved very 
handsomely. Captain William W. Wiirht i-xhibiti'd much coolness and eouniire. Lieu- 
tenant Dempsey was conspicuous for his gallantry in the charge across Willoughby's Run. 
Lieuli'uant Hutton was near me wlien I was wounded, and it was mainly through his 
assistance that I got off ihe Held, His conduct in the engagement, was all that could be 
dt'sired, and confirmed my former opinion of his value as an oHicer. Captains Hoyt and 
Gordon, and Lieutenants Farland, D(xlsley, Sprague, Witherspoon, Norton, Buell, Earn- 
shaw.and Whiting all acquitted themselves honorably; their conduct was such as to win the 
confidence and respect of their men, and deserve the commendation of their command- 
ing officer. 

" In .justice to the memories of the brave non-commissioned officers who were killed at 
Gettysburg, and whose conduct is highly praised by their superiors, their history should 
be made a pait of the history of the regiment, and its future historian will narrate their 
heroic conduct on the ever memoiable field of Gettysburg. 

" Sergeant Major Andrew J. Connor was conspicuous for his bravery and was severely 
wouniled. Long before his wound was healed he returned to duty in the regiment. First 
Sergeant George W. Haigh, of Company D, was suffering from a wound received at Fitz- 
hugli Cros!:<ing, but went into battle on the 1st day of July, and was severely wounded in 
the leg. He deserves mention for his braveiy. In respons^e to a circular addressed by 
me to my company officers asking for the names of such non-commissioned officers and 
privates as particularly distinguished themselves at Gettysburg, I have received the 
following: 

" Captain Albert M. Edwards says of First Sergeant Bucklin and Corporal J. W. Evans, 
Company F: 'They were both killed on the field, both were particularly distinguished in 
camp tor their excellent, mm-al character and the purity of their lives and example, and 
in the Held for their unrtuu-hing couiage and devotion.' 

" This is high praise and well bestowed. Corporals Edward Dryer and William Carroll 
of Company B. died in hospital of wounds received in this day's fight. Captain Burehell 
says: ' They were efficient and brave men, and sacrillced their lives in the discharge of 
their duties.' Captain Witherspoon, himself a brave soldier, writes that Sergeant Pom- 
eroy of Company C, particularly distinguished himself by his gallantry and devotion; bemg 
too severely wounded to handle his musket he tore cartridges for his more fortunate com- 
rades, and subsequently rendered valuable services in taking care of the wounded. Such 
conduct in officers or privates deseives to be recorded. First Sergeant William Niigle, 
Company .\, came under my own eye; and was wounded very near me. His conduct was 
biave almost to temerity. He died in hospital from wounds received in this battle. He 
was a worthy, brave, and intelligent soldier. Captain Farland of Company D, speaks in 
high terms of praise of Sergeant Joseph Eberlee and Corporals David E. Rounds, James 
Stirling, and Andrew Strong. Corporal Strong came under my eye and it affords me 
pleasure to bear witness to hisbiuvery. Sergeant Eberlee continued in the light after 
being twice wounded. Private George Klink, Company F, acquitted himself finely and 
deseives notice. Surgeon Beach and Assistant Surgeons Collar and Tower were devoted 
and untiring in their attendance to the wounded. Of Dr. Beach it may truly bo said that 
no suigeon in the army rendered more valuable service at Gettysburg than he. Cliaplain 
William C. Way was early in attendance at the hospitals and rendered valuable services. 
He remained in attendance on the wounded for several weeks after the battle, and both 
officers and men speak in the highest terms of praise of his kindness and efficiency. This 
report would have been imperfect without tliis reference to the surgeon and chaplain, 
whose conduct elicited universal remark. 

" During the time 1 was a prisoner I conversed freely with distinguished rebel officers 
in relation to the battle on the ist instaiit, and without exct-ption Ihey spoke in terms of 
a<lmuation of the conduct of our troops, and especially that of the troops composing the 
1st army corps. One of them iidormed me that Lieutenant General A. P. Hill had said 
that he had never known the federals to light so well. At first the officers seemed very 
Sanguine of their ability to dislodge the army of the Potomac from its position, and the 
capture of Washington and Baltimore was considered almost a thing accomplished, and 
this feeling was fully shaied by the private soldiers, but the admirable means taken by 
General Meude to meet every attack, and the successful manner in which ho repulsed 
them seemed to have a powerful influence in abating their confidence, even before the 
final order was received for tlie evacuation of the town. From the cupola in the steeple 
of the eourt house at Gettysburg, 1 was an eye witness of the movements of the rebel 
army and of the disposition made of the troops for the famous attacks on the left, ri^^ht. 



444 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

and center of our position. Tiie preparation for the final attaclc on our left center on Fri- 
day afternoon came directly under my eye. From an officer of the ranli of major on the 
staff of Lieutenant General A. P. Hill, I was informed that the rebel army present at 
Gettysburg was about 90,000 strong, and that then- line of battle was estimated to be 
eight miles long. 

" The death of Major General Reynolds was well known to the enemy, atfd the highest 
•opinions of his skill and bravery were freely expressed." 

" There Peck our colors grasping, 
Tho' death his form was clasping, 

Still held them up in siifht 
Till other hands were reaching 
And other boys beseeching 

To bear them through the fight." 



i 



Washington City, D, 
July 17th, 1863. 
H. A. Morrow, Colonel 24th Michigan: 

CoiiONEii, — Although still confined to my bed by severe injuries received in the late 
battle of Gettysburg, I cannot longer delay tendering to you and to the brave men under 
your command my heartfelt thanks for the gallant bearing of yourself and the regiment 
in the battle of the 1st instant. No troops ever fought with more bravery than did those 
•of the 24th Michigan on that occasion. The "Old Iron Brigade " being among the first 
in the field it had to meet the first shock of a desperate attack of a far superior force, 
and nobly did it do its duty. You and your officers and men under your command are 
justly entitled to a full measure of the honors won in that great conflict. To you person- 
ally I beg leave to express my high appreciation of your services, and to assure you that 
you have justly earned and will receive the gratitude of all who love our glorious union 
-and its holy cause. 

I am most respectfully your humble and obedient servant, 

S. MEEEDI'I'H, 
Brigadier General. 

A special of the N. Y. Tribune says of the "Iron Brigade" at Gettysburg: 

"Reynolds has ridden into the angle of the wood a bowshot from the seminary, and 
he cheers the Iron Brigade of Meredith as they wheel on the flank of the oak trees for a 
charge. Like a great flail of steel they swing into the shadows with an huzza that is as 
terrible as a volley; low ci-ouching, dismounted, by his horse's head, the General peeps 
into the depths of the grove. 'Boom!' from the oaken recesses breaks a hailstorm of 
lead, and Reynolds, with the word of command upon his tongue, falls forward bloodily. 
The light of pride in his eye grows dull as blindness; the bronze flush on his face is 
veined with blue; two men bear away a dripping stretcher to the edge of the town; the 
architect of the battle has fallen dead across its portal. Grief, terror have no space to 
live in. Across the brook and up the ridge, with a yell that is shot through and through with 
their own volleys, two jagged arcs of gray leap into sight, wheeling, the one for the wood, 
the other pushing through the gorge of the old railway. Huzza! From the skirts of the 
oaks the great double doors of the Iron Brigade shut together with a slam as of col- 
liding mountains, folding between them fifteen hundred rebel prisoners of war. Patrick 
Maloney, a brawny Irishman in blue, seizes General Archer by the throat: 'Right about 
face, Gineral! Maich!' Ere you can think, the disarmed column is over Seminary ridge 
and the giirming Celt has said to Wadswoith, looliing on from the seminary shadows; 
' Gineral Wadsworth, I make you acquainted with Guieral Archer.' " 

Marching from Gettysburg July 6th. in command of Captain Albert M. 
Edwards, Colonel Morrow, Lieutenant Colonel Flannigau, and Major Wight j 
being among the wounded, the regiment crossed the Potomac on the 18th, and 
arrived August 1st at the Rappahannock. 

Oil the 1st of November, 18(33, the 24th was employed in guarding th( 
Orange & Alexandria railroad, from Catlett's Station to Slater Run, Va. On 
the 7th of JS'ovember it moved to Morrisville, and on the following day, via 
Kelly's Ford to Brandy Station, thence returned to Beverly Ford, on the north 
bank of the Rappahannock, where it remained until the 2Cth. Breaking 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 445- 

camp on that date, the resiment, in cotnniand of Colonel Morrow, partici- 
pated in the uioveuient to Mine Kiin. On theSSth it was deployed as skirmish- 
ers, and assisted in driving the enemy into tlieir main warks, capturing a num- 
ber of prisoners. Falling back with the army, it encamped at Kelly's Ford, 
and on the 24th of December proceeded to Culpepper, where it went inta 
winter quarters. 

On tlie 6th of February, 1864, the regiment, with the 2d Wisconsin and 
76th N. Y., in command of Colonel Morrow, made a reconnoissance to 
Raccocnville, on the llapidan, where a force of the enemy's sluupshooters had 
been jiosted, and at midnight burned the place while under direct (ire of the 
enemy's artillery on the opposite side of the river. 

With the opening of tlie campaign of 1864, the 34th, under command of 
Colonel Morrow, and tlien serving in the 1st brigade, 4th division, 5th corps, 
broke camp at Cu]pe{)per on the evening of the i3d of May, cr()>sed the Kapi- 
dan at Germania Ford on the 4th, and on the evening of the 5th encountered 
tlie enemy in the Wilderness. During this engagement the regiment captured 
a number of prisoners and a stand of colors from the 48th Virginia Infantry. 
Its loss (iuring the battles of the Wilderness were 18 killed, 46 wounded, and 
42 prisoners and missing. Colonel Morrow being among the severely wounded. 
Lieutenant Colonel A. M. Edwards assumed command. 

The following is taken from Colonel Morrow's report: 

" * * * In the first engagement we drove the enemy full two miles, back to 
his rosei'A'es, capturing many prisoners and one stand of colors horn the 48Lh Vir^Miiia 
Infantry. The enemy rallied, and with their fresh troops compelled us to fall back to 
our original line of works. In this retreat through dense woods, witli the men in an 
exhausted coiidition, many of them fell into the hands of the enemy. In this charge we 
lost two brave officers, Captain Geoigo Huttou and Lieutenant Wm. B. Hutchinson,. 
kUled." * * • 

On the night of the 7th of May, Colonel Edwards in command, the 
regiment witlidrew from the Wilderness and marched rapidly towards Si)ott- 
sylviinia Court House. At the latter place it was under tire almost every day 
until the 21st, sustaining a loss of 11 killed, 39 wounded, and 1 missing. The 
regiment crossed the North Anna river May 23d. The enemy almost immedi- 
ately attacked, but were repulsed with large loss. The loss of the 24th wa& 
3 killed, 8 wounded, and 5 missing. On the 28th the regiment crossed the 
Pamunky river rear Hanovertown. It participated in the fighting attending 
the advance to Cold Harbor, and in the battles and skirmishes near that point, 
sustaining a loss of 3 killed and 15 wounded. June 16th it crossed the James 
river at Wilcox's Landing, and marched toward Petersburg. On the 18th it 
])articipated in the successful assault on the enemy's works surrounding that 
city, going into action with 120 men, and of this number losing nearly one- 
third m killed and wounded. 

In this charge Lieutenant and Adjutant Sirel Chilson was killed„while serv- 
ing on the staff of the general commanding division. 

r'rom this date until tiie movement on the Weldon railroad, on the 18th of 
August, the regiment was actively employed in duties attending the siege of 
Petersburg. Its loss in the various actions and skirmishes, and from the fire 
of the enemy's artillery and sharpshooters to which it was exposed, was 8 
killed, 36 wounded, and 5 missing. August 18th it participated in an engage- 
ment on the Weldon railroad, having one man wounded. On the I'Jth the 
enemy massed a heavy force on their front and attacked their position. Tlie 
regiment succeeded in holding its ground for a short time, and thus saved a 



446 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

large portion of its brigade from capture. The casualties of the regiment 
during this action were 25 in the aggregate. The regiment also partici{)ated 
in the battle of the 21st of August, in which the rebel attack on our lines was 
repulsed with large loss, the 24tli capturing during the battle 11 rebel officers, 
one stand of colors, a large number of arms, and 60 men, while its loss was 
very slight. 

A correspondent writes as follows: 

"The repulse of the 2d corps by the rebels at Ream's Station, four miles below the 
point held by the 5th corps, made a change of front necessary for our brigade and division, 
and our men pitched in like beavers that afternoon and night to build up breastworks and 
dig ditches to protect their left and rear from an attack in that direction. The 2-lth had 
labored well with pick and spade on the establishment of the hue after the slight repulse 
of the 19th of August, and the joyous satisfaction they feel at the success they had in so 
utterly destroying the rebel lines that charged upon them on Sunday repays them well 
for many an hour of hard digging and piling up of logs and rails and fixing up the sharp 
palisades and thorny abatis in front of their lines and ditches. 

" And in this fight (August 21st) the 2-ith was for the first time in its wide experience 
permitted to stand behind the cover of its works, and received the rebel columns with 
•well-aimed bullets from the bright gun barrels resting securely upon the top of their 
defenses. For the first time the tables were turned, and the enemy forced to assume the 
offensive, while this remnant of the ' Iron Brigade' awaited their assault, and pouring in 
their rapid, deadly fire swept whole rebel lines out of existence, or with open arms received 
the straggling remnant prisoners within their own. No wonder that the boys are Piatnd; 
and surely their extravagant exultations are pardonable, for, beginning with the first 
bloody battles in the Wilderness, they have been forced to seek the euemy in his den, 
behind his masked batteries, and under the friendly protection of curtains and casemates. 
The 'Iron Brigade' had charged the double lines of a wary foe; had faced frowning 
batteries, and pushed their undaimted front up to the brink of impassable ditches till the 
soul had sickened and the heart grown faint at the sight of slaughter and ill success; but 
here was a change, a wonderful difference and a gratifying result. With scarcely the 
breath of a hostile bullet in their faces, though the solid, grim, and ever gallant ranks of 
their enemies swept across the open field before them, our troops destroyed the foremost 
line and scattered the second in death and ignominous flight. Our old division, the sole 
remnant of the old 1st corps, actually took more prisoners than the entire number of its 
own rank and file. The rebel chagrin must have been deep and bitter as they filed in 
over our breastworks as prisoners and discovered the weakness of that line of defenders 
before whom they had halted and laid down their arms. Into the lines of our own regi- 
ment came almost the entire remnant of a Mississippi regiment, whose field officers gave 
up their swords to our officers, and whose colors form another of our trophies. It is true 
that in repelUng these charges the brave artillery acted their full part, and they also lost 
heavily as they hurled their grape and canister at short range into the advancing and 
partly enfiladed columns. The brave pickets of the red-striped trimming shall have due 
honor, but we must mention that here, too, as at the first battle of Fredericksburg, where 
the 24th passed through its ordeal fire, volunteers for the temporary working of the guns 
wei-e called for and the call pi'omptly filled from our ranks. When many of the battery 
heroes had been disabled and the cannoneers killed, our brave boys sprang to the guns, 
determined that the battle should not fail for lack of their enfilading fire, nor the pieces be 
abandoned for want of defenders. 

" The battle was won, and now one other slow but certain step in the exceedingly slow 
progress to the end of the war has been taken. The men are engaged at present with 
heavy details of fatigue parties in building a large and exceedingly strong fort to com- 
mand and hold this point in our hue, while other plans are being formed and put in execu- 
tion. Shall I repeat the stereotyped and senseless phrase that we 'have confidence m 
certain plans that are about to break out and astonish the world?' " 

The regiment, then in the 1st brigade, 3d division, 5th corps, participated 
in the battle of Hatcher's Kun on the 27th of October, 18(J4. The division 
captured a large number of prisoners during the nigiit of the 37th. and on 
the morning of the 28th the regiment was sent on picket, and covered the 
retreat of the army hack to their old works in front of Petersburg. 

During tlie month of is'ovember the regiment, commanded by Colonel 



MICHIGA2S IN TUE WAE. 447 

Morrow, was engaged on picket duty, watching the enemy in front of Peters- 
burg, and on the (3th of December moved southward anil bivouacked for the 
night near the Jerusalem plank road, and there the corps was massed prepar- 
atory to a movement in the direction of Weldou, N. C, for the purpose of 
destroying the railroad and ascertaining the enemy's position and strength in 
that direction. The expedition, consisting ot" the 5th corps, Mott's division 
of the *^d corps, Gregg's cavalry division, and eighteen pieces of artillery, all 
under command of Major General Warren, moved south on the Jerusalem 
plank road on the 7th, crossed the Nottoway river, and pushed on as far as 
Sussex Court House tiiat night, and on the following morning continued the 
movement southward, but somi turning westward and reaching the railroad 
burned the bridge over the Nottoway, from thence moved slowly southward, 
destroying the railroad by burning the ties and bending the rails. The column 
reached Belllield, on the Meberrin river, on the 9th, having totally destroyed 
the railroad from the Nottoway to that point, a distance of about twenty 
miles. On arriving at Bellfield a small force of the enemy was found posted 
on the south bank of the Meberrin, near Hickford, but did not make much 
resistance. The object of the expedition having been accomplished, the troops 
commenced to move back towards Petersburg on the 10th, the enemy with a 
considerable force of cavalry threatening the rear of the command, Uring 
occasionally, but did not attack with any spirit, and on the l:;ith, arrived in 
camp in front of Petersburg. The regiment remained in camp at that point, 
building winter quarters and performing the usual picket and camp duties until 
February 5ih, 1805, when, in command of Lieutenant Colonel Edwards, Col- 
onel Morrow being in command of the brigade, it moved with the army to 
Hatcher's Run, which it crossed and bivouacked for the night, and on the 6th 
and 7th was hotly engaged with the enemy at Dabney's Mills, the regiment 
losing two officers and twenty men in killed and wounded. On the 11th of 
February the regiment was ordered to report at Baltimore, Md., for special 
duty, and reaching there on the 15th was ordered to proceed to Springfield, 
111., for duty at the draft rendezvous, where it arrived on the 21st, and at that 
point was on garrison duty in guarding conscripts and taking them to the front, 
and while there stationed had the honor of being selected as escort at the fun- 
eral of President Lincoln. 

While at Springfield the citizens of Detroit, through General Mark Flaui- 
gan, gave the regiment a superb silk flag elegantly embroidered with the Mich- 
igan and United States arms, together with the battles in which the regiment 
had participated. The flag was taken to the regiment, then at Canip Butler, 
Illinois, by Major William Hutchinson, and presented, together with a letter 
from General Flanigan. Colonel A. M. Edwards, commanding the regiment, 
received it in an appropriate reply. 

On the 19th of June the regiment left Springfield for Detroit, where it 
arrived on the JiOlh, and on the 3Uth was mustered out of service, and soon 
thereafter was paid off and disbanded. 

During its term of service it took part in encounters with the enemy at 
Fredericksburg, Va., December 12 and 13, 1802; Port Koyal, Va., April 23, 
1803; Fiizhugh Crossing, April 29, 1803; Chancellorsville, Va., May 3, 1803; 
Westmorland, Va,, May 23, J803; Gettysburg, Penu., July 1, 2, and 3, 1803; 
Mine Run, \'a., November 29, 1803; liaccoon Ford, Va., February 5, 1864; 
Wilderness, Va., Mav 5, 6, and ?, 1804; Spottsylvania, Va., May 10, 11, and 
12, 1864; North Anna, Va., May 28, 1864; Tolopotomy, Va., May 30, 1864; 



448 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

Cold Harbor, Va., June 1, 1864; Bethesda Church, Va., June 2, 3, and 4, 
1864; Petersburg, Va., June 18, 1864; Weldon railroad, Va., August 18, 19, 
and 21, 1864; Hicksford, Va., December 9, 1864; Hatcher's Run, Va., Octo- 
ber 27, 1864; Dabney's Mills, Va., February 6 and 7, 1865; siege ol Peters- 
burg, Va., June 17, 1864, to February 11, 1865. 

The 24th had borne on its rolls 2,054 officers and men, while its loss was 
313, as follows : 12 officers and 118 men killed in aotion, 1 officer and 38 men 
died of wounds, and 2 officers and 142 men of disease. 

*' Next, thro' Gettysburg' we trod; 
And still trusting in our God, 

Tro' those Independence days, 
With our blood we soaked the sod, 
And o'er hundreds heaped the clod, — 

Their holy mound of praise." 

Notes. — The commander of the " Iron Brigade" requested of McClellan that as he had 
several Wisconsin regiments, and being about to receive another, that it might be a Wis- 
consin regiment. The General replied: " That is impossible, but I will send you a Mich- 
igan regiment, and they are as good as are in the service." He sent the 24:th Michigan. 

From the KebeUion Record: 

Colonel Morrow, the brave leader of the famous 24th Michigan, lately made a long -war-speech to 
his fellow-citizens of Detroit. Among other things he told them the following: 

"One of the rebel officers captured by us afterwards met me in Gettysburg, where I was a pris- 
oner. A man came up to me in the street and said: ' Colonel, how do you do? You don't know me, 
and think 1 don't know you. (I had cut off my straps to prevent my being recognized as a colonel ) 
Come and take a drink.' Of course I drank with him, and then asked who he was. He took me one 
side from the rebel officers and said: 'Your regiment captured meat Fltz Hugh's Landing, d—n 
youl' Said I, 'Glad ofit. Didn't they treat you well?' ' Bully,' was his reply. 'Then treat me 
the same.' 'We will; where are your straps?' ' I have lost them for the time being.' 'All right, I 
shan't say a word.' He kept his promise, and when I left the rebels tliey took me for a surgeon. 

"Twenty-four hours after crossing at Fitz Hugh's Landing, we recrossed and went to Chancel, 
lorsville. There we were stationed at a separate space and guarded two roads, a position of honor^ 
given, as I was assured by General Hooker, as a compliment to the regiment. We were unsuccess- 
ful at Chancellorsville, but through no fault of General Hooker's. It would have been a glorious 
victory, had it noi been for the defection of an army corps, and this was due to the bad conduct of 
its officers, and not to any lack of courage among the men. The 11th corps occupied a position di- 
rectly in front of the enemy, and was, nevertheless, allowed by its officers to lay down its arms 
and make coffee. It was then attacked by the rebels with those unearthly shouts of theirs. The 
rebels lieat any people out shouting. One-half the battles in that neighborhood were fought by 
power of the lungs rather than the bayonet. The lungs of the rebels are not so strong as ours, but 
they have a boy-like scream which is much shriller. (Colonel Morrow then related an amusing 
anecdote of the counter-cheering of the rebels and the '24th at Fitz Hugh's Landing.) General 
Hooker, at Chancellorsville, exhibited splendid generalship. I was told by a prisoner, a rebel col- 
onel—a fact never before printed, I believe— that General Hooker succeeded in transporting 30,000 
men across the Rappahannock and Rapiilan.and right into the center of the rebel position, without 
their obtaining the least knowledge of it. In fact. General Hooker succeeded in dividing the rebel 
army, cutting off Stewart from Lee, and obliging the former to cut his way through in order to 
reach headquarters. However, we lost the battle, and fell back into our camp. 

"At Gettysburg, witli my assistant surgeon. Dr. Collar, indefatigable in season and out of season, 
I visited the hospitals and the battle flelu— the latter at 12 o'clock in the night of the 3d— determin- 
ing the names ot those that had fallen. In a barn, among two hundred others, I found a little Irish 
boy from this city, Patrick Cleary, a bright boy, and a brave litiie ftllow. I said to him, ' Patrick,' 
how do you feel?' He said, 'Pretty well, but the doctor says I can't live." I looked at his 
wounded leg and saw that mortification had set in. I said, 'I don't know; the doctor is the best 
judge. If he says you can't live you had better prepare to die.' said ho, 'Colonel, if you'll have 
the leg taken off, I'll be with the regiment in a week.' I told him that was impossible. He then 
said, 'Colonel, ain't you proud of the 'J4th? Won't the people of Wayne coun-iy be proud?' God 
bless that boy. He is dead now. [A voice, ' He is alive yet.' j I am glad to hear it. He is a credit 
to his native and adopted country. The last thing the boys think of is what those at home think of 
them. They feel proud of themselves, and they want you to feel proud too. Write them cheering 
letters. Encourage your soldiers. Bid them God speed. Tell them they are fighting in a just and 
holy cause, as they certainly are." 

The Washington Sunday Herald has the following account of General Gordon and Col- 
onel Morrow at the battle of Gettysburg: 

"While conversing with Colonel Bachelder, the historian of the battle of Gettysbui-g, a few even- 
ings ago, at one of tlic leading hotels, he remarked: 'This jostling crowd little realizes that those 
two gentlemen in pleasant conversation yonder,' pointing to Senator Gordon of Georgia, and Gen- 
eral Morrow, of the United Stales army, 'were prominent actors on opposite sides in the battle of 
Gettysburg.' Ami, as these gentlemen continued their conversation, and the crowd came and 
went, we drew from his never-ending fund of Gettysburg incidents the following story: 1'ho offi- 
cer conversing with Senator Gordon is General Morrow, now sitting on the Army Equipment Board 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 449 

In this city. He was among the wounded Union officers captured at Gettysbiirsr when that place 
fell iiiio ihe hands of the Confederate troops on the evening of the flrst day's battle. Colonel Mor- 
low coininaiiMed the •i4th Michiy;an Volunteers, which belonged to the lainiai.s ' Iron Brlicadu,' coiu- 

Eost'd of Wisconsin, Michigan, and Indiana trooi)S, and forming a part of the division that opened the 
atile, and it was with this brigade that General Keynolds was killed. Ami it was also Colonel 
Morrow's regiment which enveloped the flank of Archer's brigade, compelling the surrender of 
General Archer with a large number of his men. 

" Colonel morrow's rcgiiiK'nt went into the engagement with 4''fi officers an<l men. Its casualties 
on the llrst day were 22 officers killed or wounded out of 28, and 22 non-commissioned officers and 49 
privates killed, and 41 non-commissioned officers and 1S2 privates wounded, making a grand total of 
AUt horx de tuiiibnl o\ii of i'M. The sanguinary character of the engagement of these troops will be 
belter realized whun it is known that this regiment lost seven color-bwirers in killed and wounded 
;ind .(11 its color-guard ; after which Colonel Morrow took the flag to rally the regiment, and was 
himself wounded while carrying it, and obliged to leave the Held. He was struck on the top of the 
head by a mime ball, producing a serious scalp wound, from which the blood ilowed freely, coin- 
pirtely covering his face; while engaged in washing it away, the Union forces fell back through 
the town, fidlowed by the victorious foe, and Colonel Morrow found his retreat cut off. on the 
morning of the 2d, when the Union prisoners were about to be started for Richmond, ilie Confed- 
erate surgeon, who had examined Ins wound, humanely 8uggeste<l that it would endanger his life 
to make such a trip in the heat of the summer, which being communicate<l to Colonel French, 15ih 
Virginia cavalry, he sent Colonel Morrow into the village, detailing a guard to accompany him to 
see that he was not molested. And to the kindness of these officers he believes he owes his life. 
A night's rest, with good surgical care, so far restored him that he was able to be out the next day 
and mingle with the troops, from whose conversation he learned the movements of the armies, and 
how the battle progressed. At the commencement of the great cannonade on the thinl day he 
went to the cupoia of the court house, from which he saw the grand advance of Longstreet's 
assault as it swept across the plains, saw the lines tienible, waver, recoil, and break In confusion 
iiniier the withering fire of the Union troops. It was after this that he learned that the Union 
wounded of the drsi day's battle had not been attended to, and he determined to relieve them if 
possible. Acting upon the suggestion of the wife of Judge Wills, whose guest he was, ho allowed 
her to tie a green scarf (the insignia of a surgeon) about him. He then sallied out, and soon met 
General Gordon and staff. Approaching him with customary salute he said: 'General, I am in- 
formed that our wounded of the llrst day's battle lie uncared-for on the field where they fell, and 
I ask your assistance in having them attended to.' 'You astonish me; it cannot be,' answered the 
General, and turning to a surgeon, he said : ' Is this so, and if so, why is it?' The surgeon assured 
him that the wounded of both armies had been cared for alike, butthat they had been unable to 
visit that extreme part of the Held. Turning to Colonel Morrow, General Gordon sai<l : 'Doctor,! 
will give you a detail of ambulances this evening to brim: in your wounded. They will be in the 
central sq'iiare at 7 o'clock.' Colonel Morrow was promptly on hand, and at nightfall started with 
a train of twelve ambulances, with Confederate drivers and stretcher bearers, for that part of the 
field where the battle opened. It was a weird sight, that long train of army hearses, as, by the 
fitful ligiit of a half-clouded moon, made more obscure by the lanterns they bore, this party 
threaded its way among the blackened and swollen corpses, which lay where they had fallen two 
days before, and the moans and cries of the woumled for assistance, and their supplications foi 
water were heart-rending. Some were delirious, and talked of home anil friends, and wondered 
that they nciilected them so long; while others, in their wild delirium, cheereil on their comradea 
as they fought over again in imagination the terrible battle in which they fell. But by midl 
night they were all tenderly borne away to receive the care they so much needed, and thus many 
ft valuable life was saved. As Colonel Morrow was about to leave for town lie was casually told 
by a guard that there were five more wounded at the artillery quarters which had better be re- 
moved early in the morning, as orders had been received to tall back. The Colonel returned to 
town, and when he awoke the next day the Confederate troops were moving out, and he was soon 
able to join his command on Gulp's hill." 

The following is accredited to the 24th Michigan, while on the march to Gettysburg, 
and the suggestion has been raised by some that if true it was most likely the Lieutenant 
Colonel who is referred to, as the Colonel, it is thought, would have replied, "Ail right 
to-Morrow." 

" As they went along their way over, some of the soldiers stepped out of the ranks and ' confis- 
cated ' a couple of geese, and at the suggestion of an ingenious fellow and a natural ' bummer,' one 
of the drummers unheaded his instrument and put the captured birds in. shortly afterward the 
Colonel came along, and noticing that the boy shirked his usual drum whacks, rode up to him and 
said, ' Why dun't you beat that drum?' 'Colonel,' said the startled musician, 'I want to speak to 
you.' The Colonel drew Still closer to him and bending down his head, said, ' Well, what have you 
to say?' The drummer whispered, 'Colonel, I've got a couple of geese in here.' The Colo'nel 
straightened up and gravely said, ' Well, if you're sick and can't play, you needn't,' and then rode 
on. It is needless to add that the Colonel had roast goose that night. 

In January, 1863, among the lookers-on in Virginia was the Hon. Henry J. Raymond of 
the New York Times. He had a brother serving in the '24th Michigan, and one day he 
received this telegram: 

" Your brother's corpse is at Belle Plains." Hastening to the army as fast as steam could carry 
him, to perform the last sad offices of affection, he found his relative not only living, but in vigor- 
ous health. Through the eccentricities of the telegraph the word corps had been changed Into 
corpse." 

67 



b 



TWENTY-FIFTH REGIMENT INFANTRY. 



" And swore to the God of the ocean and land 
That ne'er shall the sons of Columbia be slaves, 
While the earth bears a plant or the sea rolls its waves." 

It was found, after the organization of the several Congressional District 
regiments had been completed, that more companies had been offered than 
places had been provided for, and the ^5th was constituted from the surplus. 
It was ordered into rendezvous at Kalamazoo, and H. Gr. Wells, Esq., placed 
in command of the camp. 

Colonel Orlando H. Moore, then a captain in the U. S. army, who had been 
lieutenant colonel of the 13th Michigan,, was appointed its colonel, under whose 
direction it had been drilled and disciplined, and who took the field as its 
commander. 

On the 22d of September, 1862, the regiment was mustered into the service 
of the United States, having the following 

FIELD AND STAIT. 

Colonel, Orlando H. Moore, Schoolcraft. Lieutenant Colonel, Benjamin P. Orcutt, 
Kalamazoo. Major, Dewitt C. Filch, Mattawan. Surgeon, Bohvar Barnum, Schoolcraft. 
First Assistant Surgeon, Francis M. Oakley, York. Second Assistant Surgeon, John N. 
Greggs, Schoolcraft. Adjutant, Charles H. Brown, Kalamazoo. Quartermaster, John M. 
Ridlon, Paw Paw. Chaplain, Albert L. Payson, Schoolcraft. 

The companies constituting the regiment were : 

A. Captain, Charles B. Pratt, Marshall. First Lieutenant, Orange Bugbee, Homer. 
Second Lieutenant, Norris J. Frink, Marshall. 

B. Captain, Samuel L. Demarest, Otisco. First Lieutenant, Frank E. Chase, Otisco. 
Second Lieutenant, Asa W. Slayton, Grattan. 

C. Captain, Charles E. McCollister, St. Joseph. First Lieutenant, Jacob Ewalt, Ber- 
rien Springs. Second Lieutenant, Edwin F. Kimmel, Berrien Springs. 

D. Captain, Julius C. Cross, Three Rivers. First Lieutenant, Henry McCreary, Colon. 
Second Lieutenant, John Gilchrist, Prairie llonde. 

E. Captain, Frank T. Sutton, Galesburg. First Lieutenant, Edwin Childs, Comstock. 
Second Lieutenant, Samuel Fisher, Galesburg. 

F. Captain, Spencer L. Lansing, Niles. First Lieutenant, Gideon Frisbie, Niles. Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, Artlmr M. Twombly, Niles. 

G. Captain, William Fulkerson, Florence. First Lieutenant, John B. Handy, Lock- 
port. Second Lieutenant, Darius D. Thorp, Three Rivers. 

H. Captain, Hiram Cook, Oshtemo. First Lieutenant, John H. Wells, Comstock. 
Second Lieutenant, Alvin V. Cook, Cslitemo. 

I. Captain, William E. Dowd, Holland. First Lieutenant, Maxtin De Boe, Holland. 
Second Lieutenant, Jacob O. Doesberg, Holland. 

K. Captain, M. V. McKinney, Buclianan. First Lieutenant, John Tennant, Buchanan. 
Second Lieutenant, Franklin D. Weaver, Buchanan. 

(450) 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 451 

Before the 25th left Kalamazoo for the front a silk flag was presented to 
the regitneut by the Hon. H. G. Wells, on behalf of the citizens of that place, 
and a response made by Colonel 0. H. Moore, commanding. The flag was of 
the regulation standard, with the inscription, "This flag is given in faith that 
it will be carried where honor and duty lead." It was tirst given to the 
breeze at Green River, Ky., on the morning of July 4th, I8C3, wliere the regi- 
ment, with less than 350 men, acquired an enviable reputation for a gallant 
defense, re{)uising the attack of Joliu Morgan with 3,0UU men. 

On the :^9th of September, 1SU2, it moved from Kalamazoo under orders to 
report at Louisville, its muster rolls showing a strength of 896. 

The regiment was stationed at this point until December 8th following, 
when it was ordered to Munfordsville wliere it became engaged iu a skirmish 
with the enemy on the 27th. Thence it moved to JBowlaig Green, January 
bth, 1863, where it was employed ou provost and picket duty, and in guarding 
railroad trains, until March 26th, when it proceeded to Lebanon and took 
part with the troops under General Manson, iu pursuit of the rebels under 
Pegram. The rebels having been driven from Kentucky, the regiment 
returned to Lebtmon, arriving April 3rd, and thence proceeded to Louisville, 
where it was engaged in provost and guard duty. The 25th had been assigned 
to the 1st brigade, 2d division, 23d corps. Army of the Oiiio, in which it served 
to the close of the war. On June 10th, Ave companies, i), E, F, 1, and K, 
under the commanding officer of the Kegiment, Colonel Moore, were ordered to 
Lebanon, and thence marched to Green liiver Bridge, near Columbia, and on 
the 4th of July following were attacked at Tebb's Bend by a largely superior 
iorce of the enemy. 

The following is from the Red Book of Michigan: 

"About July 1st, Colonel Moore was stationed, with five companies of his regiment, on 
the north side of Green river, ten miles north of Columbia, on the main road runuhig 
irom Columbia, to Lebanon, Ky., and on the 2d of July was advised of the fact that the 
rebel General John H. Morgan, was about crossing the Cumberland river to invade the 
State, with a cavalry force of from three to four thousand men. Being left to exercise his 
own discretion independently, and there being no union troops nearer than at a post 
thirty miles distant, he leit that it was his duty to retard the progress of the great rebel 
raider, if but for a few hours, as they might prove precious hours to the country. He 
might have retreated with entire success, but from patriotic motives he chose lo light, 
when he could scarcely entertain the hope that he and many others would ever hve to tell 
the story of that terrible battle. 

"After surveymg the surrounding country, he selected a strong position for a battle- 
field, on the soulh side of Green river, about two miles from the encampment, iu a horse- 
shoe bend in the river, through which the road ran, on which the rebel forces were advanc- 
mg. This chosen battle-ground which was at the narrows entering the bend of the river, 
atforded high bluff banks, which protected the flanks of the command, and also compelled 
llie rebels lo fight him upon his own front. The Colonel instructed his command that 
there were no rebel troops oiganized that could whip them upon their own front, with the 
Hanks protected, and with this judgment he was ready to engage ten times his own num- 
ber of the enemy, feeling confident that his finely disciplined troops would do ten times 
better fighting than that of the rebels. 

'■ On Uie evening of the 3d of July, General Morgan encamped with his entire command, 
about five miles south of Green river, and Colonel Moore after dark advanced with his 
command of five companies, numbering less than three hundred men, about two miles 
touurd the enemy, leaving the river in his rear, and occupied the ground at Tebb's Bend 
which he had previously selected, and prepared for the battle. The defense, which had 
been completed that night consisted of some felled trees on the battle-line, which was In 
the rear of an open fii-id, and was intended more particularly as an obstruction to the 
advance of cavalry, while to the trout, about one hundred yards in the open field, was 
thrown up a temporary earth-work, which was intended to check the advance of the enemy, 
and more ebpecially to command a position where the enemy would evidently plant their 
battery. This work was not uitended to be held against charges of a buperior lorce, on 



452 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

account of the flanks not being strong, and was occupied by only about seventy-five men^ 
who were instructed that when it became necessary to abandon the worli, iL should be 
done by flanking to the right and left from the center, so as to unmask the reserve force 
on the battle line and expose the enemy to their fire. This work was located, m anticipa- 
tion of its capture by the rebels, a little down the slope of the field, so that when it was in 
possession of the enemy it would be useless and leave him exposed to a deadly fire. 

"At the gray of morning the fire of the rebels upon the pickets resounded through the- 
woods, and the entiie rebel division, under General Morgan, was pressing upon the front. 
The fire was returned with spirit as the pickets retired to the breastwork, where they 
joined about seventy-five of their comrades, already in the advance work, and there, with 
their united fire as sharpshooters, held the enemy in check, without exhibiting their num- 
bers and the real ubject of the work. 

"The rebel artillery, of four pieces, had gained the anticipated position, and at once 
opened fire with some effect, when General Morgan suspended firing, and under flag of 
truce sent forward a dispatch demanding surrender. 

" Colonel Moore rode forward between the lines, where he met the delegation of rebel 
officers, who appealed to him with marked courtesy and diplomacy, urging the surrender 
of his command, and promising kind treatment, as their only interest was to move for- 
ward on their course. Colonel Moore replied : ' Present my compliments to General 
Morgan, and say to him that this being the Fourth of July I cannot entertain the 
proposition to surrender.' 

" Colonel Allston, Morgan's chief of staff, said: ' I hope you will not consider me as dic- 
tatorial, on this occasion; I will be frank; you see the breach we have made upon your 
works with our battery; you cannot expect to repulse General Morgan's whole division 
with your little command; you have resisted us gallantly and deserve ci-edit for it, and 
now i hope you will save useless bloodshed by reconsidering the message to General 
Morgan.' To this the Colonel replied: ' Sir, when you assume to know my strength you 
assume too much; I have a duty to perform to my country, and therefore cannot recon- 
sider my reply to General Morgan.' The rebel officer seemed moved by these remarks, 
extended his hand, and, with a moist eye, said: 'Good-bye, Colonel Moore; God only 
knows which of us may fall first.' They turned their horses and galloped in opposite 
dnections, and at once renewed the conflict. No sooner had the rebel battery reopened 
file than Colonel Moore commanded the force to 'rise up and pick those gunners at the 
battery.' No sooner was the command given than a deliberate and deadly fire by rank 
was deUvered, which silenced the battery. Colonel Johnson's brigade then charged the 
work, and the little command abandoned it, as previously instructed; and when the rebels 
reached it they found that it availed them nothing against the deadly fire which was- 
poured into them Irom the main force on the battle line in the timber. 

" The rebel foe, with a hideous yell, charged across the open field a number of times in 
the face of a terrific fire, which repulsed them on each occasion with severe loss. The 
conflict was almost a hand to hand struggle, with nothing but a line of felled trees- 
separating the combatants. At the same time the rebels were engaged in cutting out a 
gorge leading through the precipitory bluft' into the river bottom, which had been 
obstructed with felled timber. The entrance was finally effected, and a regiment, com- 
manded by Colonel Chenault, opened fire upon the right flank of the line of Union troops. 
This was a most critical and trying moment; the rebels had gained an important point; 
to defeat it was of the utmost importance; a company had been held in reserve for any 
emergtiiicy which might arise during the battle; it was now brought forward, deployed 
as skiiniisheis across the river bottom, with the I'ight flank extending beyond the rebel 
Ime, and presented the appearance of being the advance fine of reinforeemfiits. 

" The strength of Colonel Moore's command was a matter of doubt with the rebels, 
rendered more so by his having instructed his men to keep quiet and pour in as rapid and 
deadly a fire as possible. As cheering was suppressed, nothing but the efficacy of the 
firing afforded ground for estimating their strength, and when Colonel Moore brought 
forward and maneuvered the reserve company with the shrill notes of his bugle, it had 
the desired effect of impressing the rebels with the idea that reinforcements of cavalry or 
artillery were auvancing, and by the bold front and deliberate firing of the line of skir- 
mishers the rebel command in the river bottom was routed, the rebel colonel command- 
ing kilU'd, and they were promptly driven back through the gorge through which they 
entered, disheartened and defeated. New courage inspired the heroic Uttle band who 
had sustained eight determined charges upon their front when the attack upon their 
right flank was defeated. The enemy, having met with a heavy loss after a battle of 
four hours' duration, retreated, leaving a number of killed and wounded upon the field, 
tireater than the entire number of the patriotic httle baud that opposed them. Among 
tlie number of killed and wounded were 22 commissioned officers. 

" The rebel command effected a crossing six miles down the river and proceeded on 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 453 

their march. It was his intention, as General Slorgan declared, to capture the city of 
Louisville, but this unexpected and terrible repulse cost him more than twelve hours' 
delay, and caused him, which fact he stated, to change his plans and abandon his attack 
upon Louisville. By this brilhantly fought battle the city of Louisville was saved from 
suck and pillage and the goverunient from the loss of an immense amount of property, 
consisting of munitions of wai- and army supplies amounting to the value of several mil- 
lions of dollars. " 

Headquarters 25Tn Mich. Infantrt, 

BATTIiE-FIELD OF TeBB'S BeND, 

Green River, Ky., July 4, 2603. 

Colonel. — I have the honor to report that I have had a fight with the rebel General 
John Morgan. 

I did not move my command from where it was encamped, on the north side of the 
river, until Morgan's advance had entered Columbia. I then moved forward to occupy 
the ground which I had previously selected, and had the night before prepared for the 
fight, which was one and one-half miles in advance on the Columbia road, south side of 
the river. I did not at any time occupy the stockade, which was far in my rear, but gave 
battle at the narrows entering the bend. 

I engaged the enemy's force this morning at 3:30 o'clock; early in the engagement he 
opened on our breastworks with a battery, and alter firing a shot disabhng two of my 
men, he sent a flag of truce with the following despatch: 



Hkadquarters Morgan's Division, 
In Field in Frunt Grekn Kiver Stockade 
July 4 th, 1663 



■\ 



To the Officer Commanding the Federal Forces at Slockadenear Gresn Hirer Bridge, Ky.; 

Sir,— In the name of the Conlederaie .states government I demand an mimediate and uncon- 
ditional surrender of the entire force under your command, losrinhcr with the siockacle. 

1 am, very reaijectfuUy, sir, 

JOriX H. MORGAN. 
Commanding Division Cuv. C. & A. 

I sent a reply to General John Morgan that the Fourth day of July was no day for me 
to entertain such a proposition. After receiving the reply he opened tiro with his artillery 
and musketry. My force, which occupied the open field, was withdrawn to the woods, 
where we engaged the enemy with a determination not to be defeated. The battle 
raged for three and a half hours when the enemy retreated with a loss of over fifty killed 
and two hundred wounded. Among the killed were Colonel Clionault, Major Brent, 
another major and five captains and six lieutenants as near as can be estimated. 

The conflict was fierce and bloody. At times the enemy occupied one side of the fallen 
timber while my men held the other in almost a hand to hand fight. The enemy's 
force consisted of the greater part of JM organ's division. My force was a f taction of my 
regiment, consisting of two hundred men, who fought gallantly. I cannot say too much 
in their praise. 

Our loss was six killed and twenty-three wounded. 

After the battle I received, under a flag of truce, a despatch asking permission to bury 
their dead, which request I granted, proposing to deliver them in front of our fines. 

The detachment of forty men, under command of Lieutenant M. A. Hogan, 8th Mich- 
igan Infantry, held the river at the ford, near tJie bridge, and repulsed a cavalry charge 
made by the enemy in a very creditable and gallant manner. 

The gallantry of my officers and men in the action was such that I cannot indi\-idual- 
ize; they all did their duty nobly and the wounded were treated with the greatest care and 
attention by Assistant Surgeon J. N. Greggs, of my regiment, whoso fine abilities aa 
a surgeon are highly appreciated. 

I am. Colonel, very respectfully your obediant servant, 

OKLANDO H. MOOPvE, 
Col. 25 Ih Mich. Infantry. 

Lieutenant Colonel Geo. B. Drake, Assistant Adjutant General, Lexington, Ky. 

Headquarteus '25Tn Michigan iNFANTnr, ) 
Battle-field of Tecb's Bend, Green Kiver, [- 
Special Order, ) July 4ih, 2603. ) 

No. 42. 5 

My brave, my noble men, it is with pride and pleasure that I congratulate you upon the 
great victory won to-day. While you number but two hundred inon, the eneniv nnni- 
bered thousands. Being advised of their strength, and of their advantage of heavy artil- 
lery bearing upon us, theu- demand for surrender was answered with a response that 



454 MICHIGAN IN THE AVAR. 

echoed the feeling of the gallant little band of the 25th Michigan Infantry that was about 
to engage them. 

The engagement was long and bloody, charge after charge was successfully repelled, 
and after three and a haK hours' hard fighting the enemy was defeated and victory crowned 
our efforts. 

Our brave companions who fell, fell gallantly fighting for their country andMn defense 
of the stairy flag. Their names, deeply inscribed on the pages of memory will be wreathed 
ever in bright laurels of fame, and though 'tis hard to part with our noble dead, we know 
" 'tis sweet in the cause of our country to die." Although no marble slab have we placed 
o'er their heads to mark their last resting place, although no monumental pile have we 
erected over their graves, yet, in the hearts of the people of our Peninsula State wiU be 
erected a monument that wiU perpetuate their names to all eternity. 

By order of 

Ed. M. M. Petjtzman, COLONEL 0. H. MOORE. 

Lieutenant and Adjutant, 

Headquarters 23d Army Corps, | 
Geneeaij Order, ? Lexington, July 27, 1S63. ) 

No. 12. S 

The General commanding the corps hereby extends his thanks to the two hundred 
officers and soldiers of the 25th Michigan Regiment, under Colonel 0. H. Moure, who so 
succeesstuily resisted, by their gallant and heroic bravery, the attack of a vastly superior 
force of the enemy, under the rebel General, John Morgan, at Tebb's Bend, on Green 
river, on the Fourth of July, 1863, in which they killed one-fourth as many of the enemy 
as their own Uttle band amounted to, and wounded a number equal to their own. * * 

By command of 
George B. Drake, MAJOR GENERAL HARTSUFF. 

Ass't Adj't General. 

The generalship of Colonel Moore in this affair was highly complimented 
bv Morgan in several messages sent him, lather an unusual proceeding by a 
defeated enemy, so signally worsted, and in one of them he jocularly reniaiked.. 
''I promote you to a Brigadier General." 

In the private journal of Colonel Allston, Morgan's chief of staff, captured 

a few days later, he savs : 

"General Morgan sent in a flag of truce and demanded the surrender, but the Colonel 
quietly remarked ' If it was any other day he might consider the demand, but the 4th of 
July was a bad day to talk about surrender, and he must therefore dechne.' The Colonel 
is a gallant man, and the entire arrangement of his defense entitles him to the highest 
credit for military skill. We would mark such a man in our army for promotion." 

At the time these companies of the 25th were ordered from Louisville, 
Colonel Moore was Provost Marshal of that city. His administiation of 
affairs, although faithfully rendered, was not agreeable to the large lebel 
element there at the time, bringing down on the Colonel the disapproval of a 
large class of citizens, together with the Louisville Journal, which attacked 
him most severely. It was also said openly at the time that influences were 
.brought about which led to his removal with the small command refened to,, 
to Green river, with a view to placing him in a position to render his capture 
not imj)ioljable. If this was a fact, the gallant defense he made when so over- 
whelmingly attacked, and which, as has been acknowledged saved Louisville 
from sack, the Journal included, was a merited rebuke to his enemies in that 
city. The same paper afterwards eulogized his bravery and great services and 
taking back all that it had said even to making a most ample a[)ology, while the 
Legislature of Kentucky, in session at Lexington, commended his services m 
a set of com})limuntary resolutions thanking him and liis command. 
Following is from the Louisville Journal touching the matter: 
" We saw yesterday a plan of the battle fought near Columbia on the 4th of July by the 
gallant Colonel 0. H. Moore at the head of 2UU men of the 25th Michigan, agaiiist Joha 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 455 

Morgan's force of four or five thousand. Colonel Moore's repulse of a force equal to 
twenty or twenty-five times his own was one of the most chivalrous affairs on record. 
Thoutrh it is unquestionable history, it reads like the wildest romance. 

" Colonel Moore prepared his defenses with great judgment, but at the turning point of 
the battle he had not the slightest advantage in position. He and his men were upon one 
siile and .Morgan's men upon the other side of an abatis of felled trees, crouching but a 
few y;u-d3 apart and firing at each other upon terms of perfect equality through the 
branches. 

" The fighting there was most terrific. All the Federal soldiers kept their places, the 
hving not less than the dead, and the rebel hosts at length fled in confusion. The'dis- 
aster sustained by Morgan upon this occasion cost hi'ra full twelve hours' time in his 
movements. He had intended, as he himself stated, to make a dash mto Louisville, but 
his long and unexpected delay caused him to change his plans. 

"After the fight was over, Colonel Moore received information, apparently correct, that 
Wheeler's cavalry were at Columbia advancing on him. He might have retreated,' but 
as he said to Morgan in reply to a summons to surrender, it was the Fourth of July.' He 
made a brief harrangue to his men, telling them that they must be ready for another hard 
fight, and against a force even greater than Morgan's, and they gave a loud cheer to indi- 
cate that they were ready. But no Wheeler was forthcoming. 

" We do not think that Colonel Moore made a very good provost marshal when he was 
here, but he fights like the devil. We rashly Invited him to make a charge with his frac- 
tion of a regiment upon the Journal office, but we now hope he won't do it. We apologize. 
We retract. We back out. We knock under. " 

In Harpei-*s IMagaziae, August, 1865, Rev. John S. 0. Abbott, the historian, 

■writes as follows : 

" Colonel Orlando H. Moore was in command of 200 patiiot troops stationed at 
Tebb's Bend, on Green river. This was the only force to retard the advance of the 
rebels upon New Market. On the 2d of July scouts brought In the report that Morgan's 
band was advancing in full force upon the Bend. Undaunted by the vast superiority of 
the rebels in numbers, Colonel Moore, as soon as he received the news, mounted his 
horse and rode over the surrounding country to select his own battle-field. About two 
miles from his encampment he found a spot which suited him. The site chosen for the 
nioirow's battle was tmly beautifnl. It was a lawn of level ground, carpeted with velvety 
turf, and thick with trees, whieh, without the slightest impediment of underbrush, were 
waving in all the luxuriance of June foliage— a spot which a silvery river 

" 'Forsakes its course to fold as with an arm.' 

" All night long the men relieved each other in the arduous work, with spade and pick, 
in throwing up intrenchments. Rifle-pits were dug; a barricade of felled trees was made 
to check cavalry chaiijes; breastworks were thrown up to stand between the bosoms of 
the patriots and the bullets of the rebel foe. On the night of the 3d the gallant 2()U took 
possession of these hurriedly constructed works, to beat back a small army of more than 
as many thousand. 

" ' Theirs not to reason why; 
Theirs not to make reply; 
Theirs but to do and die.' 

"With not one word of murmuring, and with not one straggler, these heroic men 
planted themselves behind their frail redoubts to wait the oncoming surge of battle. .\11 
Were prepared to meet, and with God's aid were determined to repel the charge from the 
foe, however numerous that foe might prove to be. There was but httle sleep in that 
patriot encampment that night. The men, grasping their arms, lay down in the trenches, 
and tliou^ht of home, wife, children, and friends. J^Iemoiy w-as busy with the days which 
had Hed, wlnle intern yet anxious thought dwelt upon t!ie future of to-morrow. 

The next day was the Fourth of July. That thought alone helped to make them heroes. 
Who could tell how many, then and there, would be called to put on a martvr's crown? 

■' With the first rays oi the morning sun came the first balls from the rillcs of Moitran's 
sharpshooters. Soon a shell came, with its hideous shriek, plump into the little redt)ubt, 
Wounding two men. With this hint of what they might expect if obstinate, Morgan sent 
a flag of truce with Major Elliott, demanding an immediate surrender of the entuo force 
under Moore's eommand. Colonel Moore replied: ' Present my compliments to General 
Morgan, and say to him that, this being the Fourth of July, I cannot entertain the propo- 
sition.' Then, turning to his men, he said: 'Now rise up, take good aim, and pick off 
those gunners.' At those words the patriots opened a calm, deliberate, and doadlv fire. 



456 ' MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

The numerous trees and the intrenchments they had thrown up afforded them very 
efBcient protection. Gradually the little redoubt became nearly encircled by the rebels. 
Still no one thought of yielding. Colonel Moore was everywhere encouraging and 
inspiring his men with his own enthusiastic patriotism. The heroic band still loaded and 
fired with fatal precision, though 

" ' Cannon to right of them, 
Cannon to left of them, 
Cannon in front of them, 
Volleyed and thundered.* 

"No hand trembled, no heart faltered. For God and the flag they fought and bled. 
The battle raged with unabated fury on both sides for four hours. At last the enemy 
retreated, leaving his dead on the field. The rebel army thus checked and discomfited, 
relinquished the" prey it had hoped to grasp, and by a circuit avoiding New Market, 
continued its plundering raid; the conquerors, justly exultant over their ctiivalric achieve- 
ments, with new zest celebrated the Fourth of July. They were entitled to unusual joy, 
for they themselves had contributed another triumph to the ever memorable day." 

A correspondent writes: 

" The battalion of the 25th Michigan Infantry, stationed at or near Green Kiver bridge, 
occupied a position of much importance. All forces in front were drawn off and no rein- 
forcements within thirty-five miles. 

" For some days before the fight it was currently reported that Duke and Johnson, 
under the direction of Morgan, were crossing the Cumberland at Berksville and Creels- 
boro with a force of ten regiments of cavalry and several pieces of artillery. On the 
second instant information was received that the enemy was advancing on our position. 
Colonel Moore mounted his horse, and riding over the surrounding country, chose his 
ground and planted his men for a fight, determined that the first opportunity of engaging 
the enemy should not go untried. 

" Men were that night set at work with spades and axes, and when the morning dawned 
a fine rifle-pit was to be seen, while in the rear a barricade of fallen trees was thrown to 
check all cavaliy charges. Seventy-five men were kept in the trenches during the day, 
and in the evening, after the enemy's spies had visited our lines, found our exact position, 
and made their reports, we began a movement of our force, with all our stores and <;anip 
and garrison equipage. While we were thus engaged the enemy was by no means neg- 
lectful, the sound of preparation on our front proclaiming that he was busy. 

" Our lines were visited at about one o'clock A. M., and all seemed in order. Compa- 
nies D, E, F, and K occupied the earthworks, while Company I was held as a 
reserve. The scene was exciting and beautiful, the men, wakeful with the thoughts of the 
coming struggle, were jovial and happy, the brightened barrels of the arms glittering in 
the moonlight rendered the view soul-inspiring. Thus all continued, and as the first 
bright rays of morning streamed up the eastern sky, our last wagon crossed the ford, and 
the sharpshooters of the enemy opened the ball. Thus the engagement began, and thus 
it continued for nearly an hour, when the enemy having his artillery in position, sent a 
shell plunging into our earthworks, disabling two of our men before we had an oppor- 
tunity of clearing the enemy away from his guns. '.Now, my men,' says Moore, 'rise 
up, take good aim, and pick those gunners.' The words were sufficient, but ere the 
deadly fire was poured in upon them, the old Parrot gun of the enemy boomed forth again 
in its tones of thunder. The voUey from our fortiiications did splendid execution, for 
not a man was Ivit to toll the story. The enemy charged upon us, and we fell back to tho 
timber. The fight now became terrible. The men fought with a dct-peration I never saw 
equaled. They seemed to feel that the enemy was yet to be organized that was to whip 
them. All possible chance of retreat was cut oft", and no support within thirty-five miles. 
The enemy occupied one side of the tree tops while we held the other. The case was 
indeed one that called forth the exertions of every member of the little band. 'Twas life 
or death, and all were determined rather to die nobly and manfully fighting than cowardly 
suiTendering without a struggle. Seven charges followed the first, but the advancuig foe 
fell dead before us. Tlie firmg continued for nearly lour hours, when the enemy retreat- 
ed, leaving his dead on tho field. His loss hi killed and wounded was very severe, 
being nmch greater than our entire numbers, and among the former many of Moigau's 
ablest oni(!ors. 

"Thus the Fourth day of July, made memorable in the anns. » of history, was to-day 
brought nearer and dearer to us by the gaining of a splendid victory over Joim Morgan's 
entire division." 

" Tnere cannot be too much said in praise of the men. In a fair field fight they 
defeated John Morgan, the rebel raider, the terriller of Kentucky. The officers were 



MICHIG.VN IN THE WAK. 457 

everywhere needed and deserve credit for their coolness and bravery. Colonel Moore's 
ctmrage, coolness, and daring roust call forth the admiration of all. His conduct on the 
field of battle cheered his men to strenuous efforts, for in every post of danger he was in 
their midst. He was ever where the bullets fell thickest, and by his good generalship 
won the day. General Slorgan admired his generalship so much that he promoted him 
to a Brigadier General. But the Colonel says the largest brigade he wished to commajid 
is the 25th Michigan infantry." 

The companies which had remained at Ijouisville joined the regiment at 
Lebanon, August 19lh, and on the same day the regiment commenced its 
march with the 1st brigade, 1st division, 23d corps, over the mountains into 
East Tennessee. It participated in many of the movements made during 
September and October, and was encamped at Loudon, October Slst. 

Marching from its camp at Loudon, East Tennessee, on the 9tli of Novem- 
ber, 1803, this Regiment, then in command of Ca])tain S. L. Dcuiarest, pro- 
ceeded to Kingston, wliere it remained until the 4th of December. On the 
26th of November it assisted in the defense of Kingston, wliich had been 
attacked by the forces under the rebel Generals Wheeler and Armstrong. 
The rebel troops, after a spirited engagement were repulsed with severe loss. 
The 25th, during the action, lost two men wounded. It left Kingston on the 
4th of December, and after various marches arrived at Mossy Creek on the 
27th. On the 29th the place was attacked by the enemy under General 
Maitin. The contest continued during the day, but at night the rebels made 
a hasty retreat. The regiment remained quietly in camp at Mossy Creek until 
the night of the 18th of January, 1864, when the Union forces commenced 
falling back to Knoxville, the regiment arriving at Knoxville on the 2l6t. On 
the 24th of February, an advance being made toward Morristown, the 25th 
left its camp, and after several marches and counter-marches, arrived at 
Morristown on the 12th of March, but fell back to Mossy Creek on the ISth. 
A camp was there established and the regiment completely equipped, and 
{irei)arations made for the summer campaign. Breaking camp on tlie 25th of 
Apiil, the regiment, in command of Lieutenant Colonel B. F. Orcutt, witii its 
Corps, began the march from East Tennessee, and on the 4th of May 
encamped at Red Clay, Ga. The movements of the regiment during the 
summer cami)aign in Georgia were identified with tho.«e of the Army of the 
Ohio, which formed a part of the army under command of General Siiernian. 
During this campaign the regiment participated in the various engagements 
at Tunnel Hill, May 7th and 8th; Rocky Face Ridge, May 9ih; Resaca, Mav 
14th. 

Correspondent N. Y. Tribune regarding the affair at Rocky Face: 

"The skirmishers did their work well keeping the enemy's pickets on a lively run. 
Only two or three men were wounded during this advance, until we readied the woods. 
The '25th Michigan, 8Uth Indiana, and 6th Tennessee soon came to the corner of the woods, 
when, as they ascended a rise of ground they were met by a rapid diseliarge of shot and 
shell from the enemy's battery on the left, now distant about l.UUO yards. The first siiot 
struck plump into the line of the '25lh Michii:aii, wliicli killed uiie man and wounded two 
others. The 80th Indiana also had one or two men wounded by shells which burst in 
their line. The regiments kept their position like veterans, but lay down. 

"Heavy firing by the rebel artillery was continued, sweeping the field with shot and 
shell until late in tiie evening. 

" Thi^ Union troops advanced through the woods and over the undulating slopes until 
they found the enemy in strong force. Pressing the rebel line stt-adily back, however, 
they drove them to their rifle pits which extended in a semi-circle across the valley and up 
the side of the mountain to an earthwork on the crest. There were one or two guns In 
battery near the center of the work, and the whole front was protected by abulia and 
stakes sharpened to a point. The euemys position was vei^y strong, and upt)n consulla- 

58 



458 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

tlon, in view of the great expense of life which an assault would cost, and the uncertainty 
of being able to hold the position, it was decided by General Schofleld to countermand 
the order for an advance. 

"A consultation was held by the Generals during the night, and it was determined to 
hold the present position and await the result of the operations of the right. " 

The following is an extract report of Colonel Orcutt, comtnauding regiment: 
" * * * At Kesaca, May 14th the regiment participated in the charge made by 
our division (Judah's) and drove the enemy from a strong and well fortified position. 
The charge was made over an open field and through a creek, with the water waist deep, 
under a murderous fire of musketry and artillery. Here the regiment lost fifty men in 
less than five minutes. Adjutant Ed. M. Prutzman was killed in this affair." * * 

The regiment also participated in the engagements at Oassville, May 19th; 
Etowah River, May 20Lh ; Kingston, May a7th ; Altoona, May 26th, 27th, 
28th, 29th ; Pine Mountain, June 3d to 7th ; Lost Mountain, June 10th to 
18th; Gulp's Farm, June 22d ; Kenesaw Mountain, June 23d to 29th; Nick- 
ajack Creek, July 1st; Chattahoochee river, July 9th. The regiment crossed 
that river on July 9th, was engaged at Decatur on July 18th and 19th, and on 
the 22d appeared in front of Atlanta. It took an active part in the siege of 
that place. On the 6th of August it charged and assisted in carrying the 
enemy's works near East Point at Utoy Creek. The 25th also participated in 
the flank movement west and south of Atlanta to Jouesboro, which was fol- 
lowed by the evacuation of Atlanta by the rebel army. After the capture of 
Atlanta its corps occupied Decatur, Ga. During this campaign the regiment 
was under fire for fifty-eighc days and nights, and was within hearing of the 
skirmishers for over one hundred days. On the 4th of October it left Decatur, 
Ga., and participated in the campaign under General Sherman, while in pursuit 
of the rebel army under General Hood, then engaged in making his northern 
movement through Alabama, and met the enemy at Rome on the 12th, and 
at Cedar Bluff, Ala., on the 23d. On the 31st of October the 25th was 
(.ncaniped at Rome, Ga. During the year it had marched over one thousand 
miles and suffered many hardships and privations. 

On the 1st, of November, 1864, the regiment, again in command of Lieu- 
tenant Colonel Orcutt, Colonel Moore being in command of the 2d brigade, 2d 
<li vision, 23d corps, was near Rome, serving in the 1st brigade, same division 
and cuips. On the 2d it marched to Resaca, then took rail to Johnsonville, 
'J'eiin., where it arrived on the 5th, and remained there until the 14th, when, 
wiiii its brigade it marched to Centreville to guard several important fords on 
Duck river, and was engaged at Pine Creek on the 26th, and at Franklin on 
tlie 30Lh, and soon after the engagement at the latter place it was ordered with 
Its biigade to Nashville, but owing to the rebel General Hood having invested 
that place, it was compelled to make a circuitous march of 250 miles by way 
of Claiksville, to reacii that point, and at one time was within the rebel lines, 
but under cover of a dark night made its way out and arrived at Nashville 
December 8th, and on the J 5th and 16th took part in the battle before that 
city, witii a loss of one killed and seven wounded. The regiment having served 
in the same brigade, division, and corjjs, during its entire service, was after- 
wards identified with all the movements of the 23d corps in its march to 
Coiuuibia in pursuit of Hood's army. 

From Columbia the regiment n)arched to Clifton, on the Tennessee river, 
distant 250 miles, where it embarked on steamers for Cincinnati, and thence 
proceeded by rail to Washington, D. C, and soon after took transports for 
North Carolina, where it participated in the movements of General Schofield's 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 459 

army. After the surrender of the rebel forces under Johnston it was sent to 
Salisbury, where it remained until June 24th, 1865, when it was mustered out 
of service and in command of Colonel Moore started for Michigan, arriving 
on the '-id of July at Jackson, where it was paid off and discharged. 

The 25th was engaged at Munfordsville, Ky., December 27, 1^6-^; Tebb's 
Bend, Ky., July 4, 1803; Kingston, Tenii., November 26, 1803; Mossy Cieek, 
Tenn, December 29, 1803; Tunnel Hill, Ga., Alay 7 and 8, 1804; Kocky 
Face. Ga., May 9 and 10, 1804; Kesaca, (ia., May li3 and 14, 1804; Cassvilie, 
Ga., May 19, 1864; Etowah river, Ga., May 20, 1804: Kingston, Ga., May 
27, 1864; Altoona, Ga., May 26, 27, 28, and 29, 1804; Pine Mountain, Ga., 
June 3 to 7, 1864; Lost Mountain, Ga., June 10 to 18, 1864; Gulp's Farm, 
Ga., June 22, 1864; Kenesaw, Ga., June 23 to 29, 1864; Nickajack Creek, 
Ga., July 1, 1864; Cliattahoochee river, Ga., July 9. 1864; Dc'CJitur, Ga., 
July 18 and 19, 1864; Atlanta, Ga., July 20, 22, and 28, 1804; East Point, 
Ga., August 3, 1864; Utoy Creek, Ga., August 6, 1804; siege of Atlanta, 
Ga., July 22 to August 25, 1864; Jonesboro, Ga., Septembers and 4, 1804; 
Rome, Ga., October 12, 1864; Cedar Bluffs, Ala., October 23, 1864; Pine 
Creek, Tenn., November 26, 1864; Franklin Tenn., November 30, 1864; 
Nashville, Tenn., December 15 and 16, 1864. 

The losses of this regiment were 1 ofKcer and 21 men killed in action, 13 
men died of wounds, 2 otiicers and 129 men of disease, having borne on its 
rolls 988 officers and men, and 166 being its total loss. 

•' Do you know, O men now lying 
In the low and chilly bed, 
That we the slowly dying 
Are giving a day to tbie dead?" 

Notes.— One of the most singular cases of escape from death, of suffering from thirst 
and wounds, of final restoration to his comrades in arms, and cheating the blood-thirsty 
guerrillas of their prey, and consequent exposure of their wielded and outrageous (irac- 
tices, is afforded in the case of Sergeant OUver H. Blanchard, Company E, 25th Regi- 
ment Michigan Infantry. "It is enough to stir a fever in the blood of age." It was 
reported by a soldier, who was captured at the same time, that Blanchard was killed. 
The description of the man was so clear that there seemed no room to doubt that lie had 
been shot dead. His name had been dropped from his company book, his final state- 
ments made out and sent to Michigan; and in my article of Deccmljer 14th he was 
reported killed by bushwhackers. Our surprise and joy on hearing, yesterday, that he 
was ahve and here in this town will only be equaled by his friends wh<!n they iearn that 
he is alive and doing well. He is able to walk about town. His story is as follows: 

"November 26th. — I was unable to keep up with the regiment, and in company with 
several others fell some distance to the rear. The n<ixt day, Sunday, we crossed Piney 
creek in the forenoon, and were in company with Moses Buck, Company B, William Dewey, 
Company D, Corporal George Westover, Company G, Sergeant Otto Boot, Company I, 
and a man from the 99th Ohio. When about a quarter of a mile from the creek 25 or 30 
guerrillas suddenly dashed upon us from a bend in the road. They iired upon us and 
demanded us to surrender. No one was hit by the firing. 

" I had a watch and two pocket-books, one containing $3 in my right-hand pocket, and 
one containing $4(1 in the other. They asked for my watch and pocket-book. 1 ga\o 
them the watch and the pocket-book containmg the $3. Four guerrillas now took six of 
us and went round by a creek and halted till another squad came up. Then we wore 
counted off and formed into small squads. I was in the first squad, and we were marciied 
over a hill into a deep ravine. Here we halted, and they ordered me to uirn my l>a«'k. 
I said, 'For God's sake don't shoot us so.' Tliie words were hardly out of my niouili 
when they fired. One ball went through my memorandum book, entered a little lielow 
the center of my right breast, glanced round and lodged near my back bone, just below 
the skin, where it still remains. A second shot struck the top button of my coat, 
shivered it to pieces, glanced and passed Into my left breast and uumu out under my arm, 
inflicting only a slight wound. 



460 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

"When I was shot I fell forward and fainted. I soon came to myself and found the 
guerrillas cutting the buttons off my coat and searching my pockets. As I lay on my 
left side they did not find my pocket-book containing f iO. They took my boots, pants, 
and hat, and left an old pair of shoes. I have Moses Buck's hat, which has a ball hole 
made when I was shot. The man that was searching me says to another, ' John, this 
d — d rascal ain't dead; he's playing off.' The other came up, but, having no load in his 
pistol, said, 'D — n him, he's shot clear through — he's dead enough;' and they went off 
and left me, They seemed to be in a great hurry, and did not wait to see that their work 
was well done. 

" I lay there till near the next morning. Before daylight I crawled down where William 
Dewey, Company D, was, and lay there till daylight. With the help of a stick I got up, 
but hearing some one talking I lay down on Dewey's arm. Two men came along and 
searched around for some time. I did not dare to speak for fear they would shoot me, 
and they did not discover that I was alive. The persons proved to be Mr. Hammond and 
his son. After they were gone I got out of the ravine and crawled over into another, and 
clunbed up on a side hill into the top of a fallen chestnut tree. I was not hungry, but 
suffered intensely from thirst. The roof of my mouth became dry and parched, and I 
was in constant pain from my wounds. While I lay there I saw several citizens come 
and bury my companions. 

"I lay there till after dark, and during the night crawled up the hill, crossed a road 
into a corn field, then into a field grown up to weeds. I lay there in the weeds all day, all 
night, and the next day till most night. All this while I was without food or drink. My 
wounds were very painful, and my suffering was very great. When the sun was about 
two hours high a man who was picking cotton near by beard me cough and came to me. 
He said he heard me the day before, but supposed it was some of the negroes. I was 
carried to the house of Joseph Hassell, where I remained till the 6th of December. The 
people were very kind to me, and I had everything I could wish. Several guerrillas came 
in to see me, and tried to pursuade me to go with them to Forrest'* scouts to be paroled; 
but I refused. They asked if the bushwhackers took my money; 1 told them they did. 
'J'liey asked how much; I told them three dollars. One of them gave me three dollars 
and another ten. I considei'ed this only a ruse to deceive me. 

" Two days before I left this place I learned they intended to kill me, and were to wait 
till Christmas, when they were to have a great carnival over me, and have their own fun 
killing me a second time. Not liking the shape matters were taking, I paid a negro to 
run me off and take me across Duck river. He took me to within a quarter of a mile of 
Ceuterville, when I walked to the town. Here I fell in with Mr, James Carr, who was 
taking with him a led horse. He let me ride this horse, and I came to within 14 mUes of 
Columbia, to Andrew Cx'awford's, a Union man. 

" I now thought it better to make my way to Columbia and give myself up to the rebels 
as a prisoner of war, than to risk myself with the bushwhackers; but Mr. Crawford per- 
suaded me to stay, saying the rebels would never take Nashville, but would soon fall back 
and I could join our troops. I staid with him one week. While there a rebel officer came 
and staid all night. He was going to Johnsonville to order a brigade that was there to go 
Florence as soon as possible. I saw him coming and went into a back room and covered 
myself with a quantity of cotton, and lay there till he was gone the next morning. From 
Crawford's I went to Daniel McKenon's, six miles from Columbia, and his two sons 
brouL'ht me to Columbia, Tuesday, Dec. 27th." 

This is one case among hundreds where our noble soldiers were brutally murdered, 
made the sport and jeer of men claiming to fight for their country, but proving themselves 
barbarians, yea, savages. Think of this, ye sympathizers with the rebellion, and consider 
the character and practices of your would-be friends, and then look a Federal soldier in 
the face, if you can, and say, "1 hope the rebels will triumph." If you can, you deserve 
to swing on the same gallows with them, higher than Human. L. C. H. 

A pronounced and universal patriotism was provei'bial among Northern women, while 
many of them defended the fiag in the field with a courage and endurance worthy the 
other sex, and Michigan was not without her examples. 

"In 1863, a Captain, accompanied by a young soldier apparently about seventeen, 
arrived in Louisville in charge of some rebel prisoners. The soldier attracted the atten- 
tion of Colonel Mundy, at that time commanding oflicer of the post, by his intelligence 
and si)riglitly appearance. The Colonel detailed him for duty at Barracks No. 1, with the 
25th Michigan, then garrisoning Louisville. He soon won the esteem of his officeis and 
became a genrral favorite with all. Soon, however, the startling secret was disclosed, 
and whisperings wcint thick and fast, the young soldier was a lady; the fact was reported 
and established by a soldier who was raised in the same town with her and knew her 
parents. She begged to be retained; having been in service ten months, she desired to 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 461 

serve during the war; her wish was granted, and she was continued on duty In the 
hospital. Her name then was Frank Martin; her proper name she refused to give. She 
was born in New Bristol, Conn., but was raised in Alleghany City, Penn.; her parents 
were very respectable people. At the age of twelve she was sent to a convent at Wheel- 
ing, where she remained till the outbreaking of the war, and was well educated and 
accomplished. She left the convent, enlisted in an East Tennessee cavalry regiment, 
and went with the Army of the Cumberland to Nashville. She was in the engagement at 
Stone River, and severely wounded. Her sex was then discovered, and she was mustered 
out, although entreating earnestly with tears in her eyes to be continued in service. 
Determined to enlist again, it is reported that she joined the 8th Michigan Infantiy, and 
is supposed to have belonged to it when she came to Louisville with the Captain and 
prisoners. Frank was quite small, a beautiful figure, auburn hair, large blue eyes beam- 
ing with brightness and intelligence; her complexion naturally very fair, though bronzed 
by exposure. She was exceedingly pretty and very amiable. She was very patriotic 
and determined to see the war out." 

When the 25th left Louisville to enter upon the Atlanta campaign, she remained there, 
and of her whereabouts since, nothing is known by the members of the Eegimunt. 



TWENTY-SIXTH REGIMENT INFANTRY. 



•• What flag Is this you carry 
Along the sea and shore? 
The same our grandshlres lifted up, 
The same our fathers bore." 

The 25th having failed to supply places for all the surplus companies which 
had been offered to the Congressional District regiments, the 36th was organ- 
ized and ordered into rendezvous at Jackson. 

In order to complete the regiment it was found necessary to recruit two 
additional companies, which was speedily accomplished, and on the 12th of 
December, 18(32, it was mustered into service with the following 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Colonel, Judson S. Farrar, Mt. Clemens. Lieutenant Colonel, Heniy H. Wells, Detroit. 
Major, William 0. Donnell, Saginaw. Surgeon, Ennis Church, Marshall. Assistant Sur- 
geon, Mahlon H. Raymond, Grass Lake. Second Assistant Surgeon, Odney D Brooks, 
Muskegon. Adjutant, Charles D. Fox, Lyons. Quartermaster, Charles E. Crane, Adrian. 
Chaplain, Jonathan Blanchard, Ann Arbor. 

The companies composing the regiment were: 

A. Captain, L. Edwin Knapp, Grand Traverse. First Lieutenant, George H. Holden, 
Grand Eapids. Second Lieutenant, Sewell S. Parker, Monroe. 

B. Captain, Stephen B. Burch, Pinckney. First Lieutenant, Washington W. Burch, 
Ann Arbor. Second Lieutenant, Lucius H. Ives, Pinckney. 

C. Captain, James A. Lothian, Muskegon. First Lieutenant, Henry Dopson, Muske- 
gon. Second Lieutenant, Chauucey Gibbs, Muskegon. 

D. Captain, Lafayette Church, Arcadia. First Lieutenant, Nathan Church, Arcadia. 
Second Lieutenant, William S. Turck, Alma. 

E. Captain, John C. Culver, Hamburg. First Lieutenant, Edwin Hadley, Ann Arbor. 
Second Lieutenant, Charles E. Grisson, Hamburg. 

F. Captain, Lemuel Saviers, Franklin. First Lieutenant, Edmond Richardson, Adrian. 
Second Lieutenant, Morris Roberts, Tecumseh. 

G. Captain, Asa G. Dailey, Niles. First Lieutenant, WilUam L. Cady, Dayton. Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, Lawrence D. Burch, Ann Arbor. 

H Captain, John H. Saycrs, Mason. First Lieutenant, Eli P. Loranger, Williamstown. 
Second Lieutenant, Henry V. Steele, Mason. 

I. Captain, Earl W. Avery, Lowell. First Lieutenant, Joseph Wilson, Lowell. Second 
Lieutenant, Leonard H. Hunt, Lowell. 

K. Captain, Franklin Johnson, Jackson. First Lieutenant, Frank Standish, Jackson. 
Second Lieutenant, David H. Patterson, Grass Lake. 

While the 2GLh was in camp at Jackson, and immediately preceding the 
march of the regiment to the front, it received at the fair hands of the ladies 
of Jackson a UjagnificenL silk flag, the field of blue, with letters of gold. The 
presentation speech was made in good taste by the Hon. i^idus Livermore, who 

(462) 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 463 

had been commissioned by the governor as commaiulant of camp to raise the 
regiment, and which was responded to in a patriotic manner by Colonel J. S. 
Farrar, commanding. The flag was borne by the regiment through many 
sanguinary fields, and what is left of it is now in the archives of the State. 

On the 13th of December following, the regiment, in command of Colons' 
Farrar, left its camp for Washington, having on its muster rolls 903 officers 
and men. 

Soon after the arrival of this regiment at Washington, it was ordered on 
provost duty at Alexandria, Virginia. It remained thus employed until April 
20th, 1863, when it proceeded to Suffolk, Virginia, under orders to aid in the 
defense of that place then threatened by the rebel forces under Longstreet. 

The regiment was engaged on heavy fatigue duty, constructing defenses and 
occupying the trenches for over two weeks, when the enemy withdrew. It par- 
ticipated in the several expeditions subsequently made to the Bluckwater. In 
one of these. May 23d, a portion of the regiment became engaged in a skir- 
mish in the vicinity of Windsor, in which Captain John C. Culver was mor- 
tally wounded and died next day. 

June 20th, the regiment moved to Yorktown, and formed part of the com- 
mand of General Keyes, which marched to Bottom's Bridge, on the Chicka- 
honiiny, and returned to Yorktown July 11th. The day following the return 
of the expedition from that point, the regiment was ordered to Washington, 
and thence to the city of New York, to assist in sustaining the laws during the 
draft in that city. 

The New York Times said : 

"The 2Gth Michigan arrived here last night from the Potomac, and will be assigned to 
duty in this city until the great riot is quelled. The regiment bore evidences of the hard 
services it had undergone in the field; but it is composed of as fine a body of brave, intel- 
ligent American young men as ever shouldered a musket in the cause of civil hberty and 
civil order. We welcome it to the city, and we trust our citizens, by their thoughtful 
attentions, will show their appreciation of such a regiment. At the present moment the 
Peninsula State is represented in the three great armies of Grant, Rosecrans, and .Meade, 
as well as in those of Banks, Gillmore, and Dix, and the Michigan soldiers have won 
renown for their bravery and discipline throughout the war and on almost every battle- 
field." 

It remained at New York and in the defenses in the harbor during the pro- 
gress of the draft, and on the 13th of October, the regiment was ordered from 
Fort Kichmond, on Stateu Island, where it had been stationed, to tlie Army 
of the Potomac. On its joining that army it was assigned to the 1st brigade, 
(Miles's) of the Ist division, 2d army corps, in which it continued during its 
entire service, and was recognized as the skirmish regiment of the division. 

On the 7th of November, this regiment marched from its camp, near War- 
rentou, Virginia, to the Rappahannock, which it crossed on tlio 8th. Proceed- 
ing to Stevensburg, it there encanjped until the 26th. It took part, witli the 
army, in the movement on Mine Run, crossed the Rapidun at Germania Ford, 
and advanced to Robertson's Tavern, arriving on the 27th. On tlie 2'Jtii, in a 
skirmish with the enemy at Mine Run, it lost nine uren wounded. It returned 
to Stevensburg December 3d, and during the winter, witli the exception of the 
movement to Morton's Ford, February bth and 7th, J 864. in which it partici- 
pated, the regiment remained quietly in winter quarters, in the performance of 
the usual picket duty. 

On the 4th of May following, in command of Major L. Saviers, it crossed 
the Rapidan at Ely's Ford, and, deploying, covered the flank of its division in 
its march to Chaucellorsville, where it bivouacked. During the afternoon of 



464 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

the 5th the enemy was encountered on the road toward Orange Court House. 
The regiment, however, with the exception of a detachment who were on duty 
as skirmishers, did not become engaged in the fight which ensued, being held 
in reserve. The only casualty of the day was one wounded. At night the 
regiment threw up breastworks, and on the 7th charged the enemy's dis- 
mounted cavalry and drove them over two miles, capturing a number of 
prisoners and important dispatches from General Lee to General Stuart, com- 
manding the enemy's cavalry forces. The loss in this action was six wounded. 

In the "American Conflict" is found the following notice of the 2d corps 
(Hancock's), in which the 26th was serving, in the engagement in the Wilder- 
ness, May 6th : 

i« * * * qq ouj. left General Hancock had moved out at 5 A. M., and had pushed 
forward, fighting and crowding back Hili, taking many prisoners, nearly two miles across 
the Brock road on his way to Parker's store. Here he was stopped by the arrival of 
Longstreet, who, after a brief lull, charged in turn, throwing our front into confusion, and 
requiring the presence of part of Burnside's corps to steady and restore it, when Long- 
street in turn was pressed back, falling severely wounded, it is said, by a fire from his 
own men. Again a desperate attack by the enemy bore back the front of the 2d corps to 
its intrenched line and abatis along the Brock road." •*»*•* 

On the 8th the regiment marched to Todd's Tavern, and after constructing 
earthworks moved out towards Corbin's Bridge and engaged the enemy, losing 
one wounded. At evening it withdrew to its works. On the 9th the regi- 
ment crossed the Po river, and advancing about two miles it lay during the 
night in close proximity to the enemy's lines. The enemy attacking on the 
following morning, and our forces withdrawing, the regiment assisted in 
covering the crossing of the Po. On the 11th it recrossed that river, and 
made a reconnoissance of the enemy's position, losing in the engagement that 
ensued 3 killed and 15 wounded. On the 12th of May it participated in the 
memorable charge made by the 2d corps on the enemy's works, which were 
carried after a fierce hand to hand fight with the bayonet. The 26th was the 
first regiment to plant its colors on the rebel works. It captured, immediately 
in rear of the enemy's lines, two brass guus with the gunners. It also partici- 
pated in the desperate struggle that followed the assault, and assisted in the 
capture of a large number of guus, colors, and prisoners. Its loss in this 
battle was 27 killed, 98 wounded, and 14 missing. The greater portion of the 
missing are now known to have been killed. Among the severely wounded 
was Major Saviers, commanding the regiment. 

Leaving its position at Spottsylvania Court House, in command of Captaia 
Jas. A. Lothian, on the night of the 20th, the regiment marched to the North 
Anna river, where it arrived on the 23d. On the 24th it crossed that river at 
Jericho bridge, under a heavy fire from the enemy's artillery, and after a 
spirited skirmish the rebels were driven into their works. The casualties of 
the regiment in the engagement were 5 killed and 9 wounded, Captain Henry 
V. Steele being among the killed. It recrossed the North Anna on the 
night of the 26th, and marched toward the Pamunky. Crossing that river on 
the morning of the 28th, it advanced to the vicinity of Hawes's Shop and 
threw up breastworks. On the 29th it moved down the Richmond road, drove 
in the enemy's pickets, and developed their position on the Tolopotomy creek. 
Three companies were engaged in skirmishing with the enemy on tlie 30th, 
losing 1 killed and 3 wounded. 

From the Red Book of Michigan : 

"The 26th had acquitted itself with much credit in several battles when it entered 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 4Gj 

on the great campaign of 1864 with the Army of the Potomac, bravely fighting 
through the "NVilderness and at Corbin's Bridge and Ny river, and then most sig- 
nally distinguished itself at Po river and Spottsylvaiiia. On May 9th the regi- 
ment, in command of Major Saviers, marched to Po river, crossed, deployed as 
skirmishers, and advanced about two miles, captured a few stragglers, halted, and laid 
in sku-mish line all night, in close proximity to the enemy, who Mas tmsy throwing 
up woiks. On Tuesday morning the loth. General Giant's army occupied the same 
position as on the previous day. His line stretched about six miles on the northerly bank 
of the Po, and took the general form of a crescent, the wings being thrown forward. 
The second corps, across the Po, now held a line on the right nearly parallel to the road 
from Shady Grove church to the court house. The 5th corps held the center being on 
the east side of the Po, and the 6th corps held the left, facing toward tlie court house. 
Further on the left was the 9th corps, under General Burnside. In front was a dense 
forest. The enemy held Spottsylvania and the region north of the court house; his 
position was well supported by breastworks, and along the center was the forest and 
underbrush, hning a marsh partially drained by a run. The conflict opened in the morn- 
ing by a terrific fire of artillery, which was incessant ail the forenoon. A most vigorous 
and gallant attack was made by the 5th corps and by Generals Gibbon's and Birney's 
divisions of the 2d corps on the center of General Lee's array. In the meantime the 
enemy had turned General Barlow's division, (1st,) of the 2d corps on the right, but it was 
finally extricated without much loss. In this movement of the enemy the 2t;th was 
attacked from the rear, and after a spirited resistance was compelled to move out by the 
left flank and took a position to cover the recrossing of the troops, and when accomplished 
crossed to the opposite side of the river. On the next day (Wednesday the 11th) the 
position of the two armies was nearly the same as on the previous day. During the 
morning there was a brisk skirmishing. The regiment, in command of Major Saviers, 
was sent out to reconnoiter the enemy's position, moved up the north bank of the Po 
about two miles, crossed, deployed as skirmishers, and advanced down the south bank 
to find his left and develop his force, attacked and drove in his pickets, charged a strong 
skirmish line and driving them into their woi-ks, gaining and holding a position under a 
heavy fire for half an hour within three hundred yards of the enemy's entrenchments. 
Having accomplished the object of the reconnoissance, the regiment "recrossed the river 
and returned to the picket line, with a loss of three killed and fifteen wounded. It was 
determined during the day to make an assault early the next morning on the enemy's left, 
where their batteries were so strongly posted as to annoy General Grant's fines. The 
2d corps was selected to make this movement. Soon after midnight, in the darkness and 
storm. General Hancock changed the position of his corps from the extreme right to the 
left, fining up the space between Generals Wright and Burnside. It was then near ground 
well commanded by the enemy and requiring a quick advance in the morning. At 11 P. 
M., the 26th having been reheved from the picket line, commenced the movement to the 
left of the Gth corps at Spottsylvania, where the division had preceded it, and in the dark- 
ness Lelnx misled, had marched all night, only reaching the ground where the division, 
being in the first line, was massed for the assault, just in time for the regiment to form in 
column without halting, aligning its ranks as it advanced. The regiment moved up in 
gallant style, and was the first to reach the rebel works (striking them at an angle), which 
were carried after a hand-to-hand fight with the bayonet, capturing two brass guns 
immediately in rear of the enemy's line, which had been fired only once, and just as the 
works were entered. The regiment passed on without halting, and soon became mingled 
with the other regiments coming up in left and rear, and with these charged along the rebel 
line at a run, rolling it up for more than a mile, capturing a large number of prisoners, 
guns, and colors. When about a mile from the angle referred to, another line running 
nearly perpendicular to the line being rolled up, was encountered, which sharply contested 
the advance. Having unavoidably become much broken up, and being opened on by a 
heavy fire from the woods on the right and left, were obliged to fall back, losing half the 
ground gained, though the men who thronged their works had been made prisoners and 
sent to the rear. Several pieces of captured artillery had been left in the hands of the 
enemy as they could not be drawn off. The regiment was reformed and moved with the 
brigade to the woods on the left, where rillc pits were constructed. The enemy having, 
by repeated and desperate assaults, retaken the works on the left, near the angle, the 
regiment was ordered to that; creeping along by the right Hank on the outside of the 
works, until it overlapped the rebel line about half the length of the regiment, its right 
resting hear a point where a large oak tree, twenty -two inches in diameter, standing 
almost on the first line of rebel works, was literally cut down by musket bullets, partly 
coming from the 2Gth. 

"The regiment fought for more than one hour over the rebel works, almost musket to 
musket, lobing a large number killed and wounded, when the enemy made signals of sur- 



466 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

render by waving handkerchiefs on their rammers. Firing ceased and the rebels were 
called to come over, when their whole line for seventy or eighty yards rose up and 
started to come in; but the moment firing ceased the enemy advanced a fresh line, which 
came up from their supports to the works with a cheer, when most of those who had 
started to surrender turned and jumped into the works again. About twenty who 
were immediately in front of the regiment were taken. The regiment fought this 
new line for half an hour when it was relieved and moved to the left where it joined the 
brigade and remained during the night. In this memorable affair, which lasted fourteen 
hours, the regiment lost twenty-seven killed, four commissioned officers and ninety- 
three men wounded, and fourteen missing, most of whom are now known to have been 
killed. Major Saviers, commanding the regiment, was struck four times by the enemy's 
bullets while gallantly doing his duty, and seven out of the nine color-guards were lulled or 
wounded. The regiment was specially complimented by Generals Barlow and Miles for 
its noble conduct and persistent and vigorous fighting during the day, and had the credit 
of first planting its colors on the enemy's works. 

"In the Richmond Examiner's account of the battle of Spottsylvania occurs the follow- 
ing: 

"'A Tbee Hewn Down by Bullets. — Most people have doubted the literal 
accuracy of the dispatch concerning the battle of Spottsylvania, which alleged that 
trees were cut down under the concentrated fire of minie balls. We doubted 
the literal fact ourselves and would doubt it still but for the indisputable testi- 
mony of Dr. Charles McGill, an eye-witness of the battle. The tree stood near our 
breastworks at a point upon which at one time the most murderous musketry fire that 
ever was heard of was directed. The tree fell inside our works and injured several of 
our men. After the battle Dr. McGill measured the trunk and found it twenty-two 
inches through and sixty-one inches in circumference, actually hacked through by the 
awful avalanche of bullets packing against it. The foliage of tlie tree was trimmed away 
as effectually as though an army of locusts had swarmed on its branches. A grasshopper 
could not have lived through the pelting of that leaden storm ; and but for the fact that 
our troops were protected by breastworks they would have been swept away to a man.'" 

On the 2d of June, 1864, the regiment arrived at Cold Harbor, and advanc- 
ing as skirmishers on the enemy near Gaines's Hill, succeeded in driving him 
into his intrenchments. It afterwards charged their works across an open 
field, but finding them occupied by the enemy in force, and being under a fire 
of grape and canister, the regiment was obliged to retire. The casualties 
sustained in the assault were 15 wounded and 5 missing. From the 3d to the 
]2th the regiment was on the skirmish line and in the intrenchments, and 
lost 3 men killed, ? wounded, and 1 missing. At midnight on the 14th it 
crossed the James river at Wilcox's Landing, and on the morning of the I6th 
arrived in front of Petersburg. The regiment participated in the assault of 
the 16th, in which the first line of the enemy's rifle pits was carried. It lost 
in the attack its commanding officer. Captain James A. Lothian, who was 
mortally wounded, and 2 men killed and 9 wounded. 

From the "American Conflict : " 

" * * ♦ Meade, after posting his army, hastened to City Point for a consultation 
with Grant, and returning at 2 P. M. gave orders for a general assault, which was dehv- 
ered at 6 P. M, Hancock's, Burnside's, and a part of Warren's corps went forward in the 
face of a terrible fiie from a sheltered and formidable foe, and a night of combat and 
carnage resulted in a general" advance of our lines, though at a heavy cost. * * * 
At 6 o'clock an attack was made and continued for three hours. General Birney's division 
on the right of the center corps carried the crest in his front and held it firmly. * * 
A charge was made by the brigades of Miles and Griffin, which succeeded in gaining a 
foothold of the rifle pits outside of the stronger works." 

On the 17th, the regiment, in command of Captain A. Gr. Dailey, partici- 
pated in the capture of the enemy's line of works, losing in the charge 2 
killed and 7 wounded. A detachment was engaged as skirmishers on the 18th, 
■with a loss of 1 killed and 1 wounded. On the 22d the regiment assisted 
in repulsing an assault made on our lines near the Williams House, on the 
Weldon railroad. Its loss in the attack was 2 men taken prisoners. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 4ftT 

The 26th also attracted much enviable notice by its gallant fighting at Deep 
Bottom, July 27tli and 28tb, where the enemy in front of the 2d corps occu- 
pied rifle-pits defended by a battery. An advance was made by the corps, 
•during which General Miles's brigade, in which was the 2Gth, flanked the 
whole position under a brisk fire, driving the enemy in much confusion, 
■capturing four guns and taking some prisoners, the 26th constituting a 
part of the skirmish line which led the assault. On tlie 28th the regiment 
-made a reconnoissance between New Market and Charles City road to discover 
the enemy's left, when it attacked and drove in splendid style double its own 
strength for half a mile, and then pushed them into their earthworks in much 
confusion. For this gallant and dashing affair, and the operations of the day 
preceding, the regiment was specially complimented by General Hancock iii 
general orders. On the 14th of August it was engaged" at Strawberry Plains, 
and on the 16th it encountered the enemy near the White Oak Swamp, losing 
3 killed, 14 wounded, and 17 taken prisoners. Among the latter was the offi- 
cer commanding the regiment, Captain Dailey. The regiment, then com- 
manded by Captain L. H. Ives, recrossed the James river on the 20th, and 
reached the lines in front of Petersburg on the 21st. On the 22d it marched 
to the Weldon railroad, and until the 24th was employed in the destruction of 
that road, near Ream's Station. On the 25th it was engaged in the battle at 
the latter point, assisted in repelling the repeated assault of the enemy, and 
after the works were taken by the rebels, participated in the charge in which 
they were retaken. Its loss in the action was 3 wounded and 14 missing. On the 
oth of September the regiment moved on the plank road near the "Williams 
House." Here it was engaged in constructing works until the 9th of October, 
when it moved to the right. On the 24th it was ordered to Cedar Level Sta- 
tion, as guard for commissary stores. On the 26th it rejoined its brigade, 
then encamped near the "Avery House," where it remained until the close of 
the month. 

The regiment, now in command of Major N. Church, occupied a position in 
the entrenchments in front of Petersburg, daily engaged from October 31st, 
1864, until March 25th following, when immediately after the enemy's attack 
on Forts Steedman and Hancock, in front of the 9th corps, on that day the 
regiment, with its brigade, was ordered to make a charge on the enemy's works 
in front of its position, and succeeded in capturing a portion of them, taking 
several prisoners, and continued fighting during the day with slight loss. The 
brigade occupied that position until the army commenced its flanking move- 
ment to the left on March 29th, when it was deployed during the day as skir- 
mishers, in front of the corps, and at night was relieved. On the 30th it again 
skirmished the entire day, the regiment losing several men, and on the 31st it 
marched in column until about noon, when it again took the skirmish line, and 
participated in a running fight with the enemy until it was relieved. From the 
1st to the 6th of April, while in command of Major Ives, who had been pro- 
moted to the majority to rank from March 7th preceding, vice Church, com- 
missioned as Lieutenant Colonel, and then serving as Assistant Inspector Gen- 
eral on General Miles's staff, the regiment was engaged in pursuing the retreat- 
ing army, fighting every day. On the 6th the regiment took a very active part 
in the capture of a train of 260 wagons, containing baijgage, provisions, and 
ammunition, and was the first regiment to attack the train. The pursuit of 
the enemy continued on the 7th, 8th, and 9th, and the regiment was in the 
skirmish line at the surrender of lice's army, and tlirough its lines Cieneral 
Grant operated with his flag of truce in arranging the terms of surrender. 



468 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

From March 28th until April 9th, 1865, the regiment had been engaged' 
with the enemy at Hatcher's Run, March 29th; Buydton Road, March 30th; 
White Oak Road, March 31st; Sutherland's Station April 2d ; Amelia Springs, 
April 5th; Deatousville, April 6th; Sailor's Creek, April 6th; High Bridge. 
April 7th; Farmville, April 7th; Appomattox Court House, April 9'th, and 
had captured over four hundred prisoners. During these engagements its 
losses had been, in killed and wounded, about sixty, or more than one-fourth 
of its number present for duty, and had been often complimented by the 
brigade and division commanders as the best skirmish regiment in the corps. 
After the surrender the regiment with its brigade was detailed to remain at 
that point until the paroling of the rebel army was accomplished, and was 
engaged in guarding the trains employed in bringing off the captured arms 
and ammunition, and in parking the artillery. On the 18th the regiment 
again joined the army at Burksville, where it remained until May 2d, when it 
proceeded by rail via Richmond, Fredericksburg, and Falmouth, Va., to 
Washington, D. C, and arriving there on the 13th, encamped near Bailey's 
Cross Roads, and on the 23d participated in the review of the army of the 
Potomac. The regiment remained at that point until June 4th, when it was 
mustered out of seivice, and under command of Major Ives imuiediately 
started for Michigan, arriving at Jackson June 7tli. On the 16th it was paid 
off and discharged. 

Fully cognizant of the services of the 36th, especially during Grarit's cam- 
paign of 1864-5, General Barlow, in whose division it served, as well as Gen- 
eral Hancock, commanding the corps, in letters to Colonel Church, written a 
few years subsequent to the war, regretting their inability to be present at 
a reunion of the regiment refer to it in the highest commendation. 

Barlow says : 

" I have the strongest regard and admiration for the 26th Michigan. It is a difficult 
thing to picli out one regiment from all those I served with as the very best, but I can 
say this, that I never saw one superior in the whole army. I think the well organized 
and discipUned regiments (and yours was all that), from the northwestern States were on 
the whole the best soldiers in the army. The trouble with some of those western regi- 
ments was that they did not appreciate the value of subordination and discipline. But 
the 26th had no fault of this liind. I believe that an army of such regiments as that 
would be superior to any army in the world. I regret I could not be present to express 
in person the affection I feel for the old regiment and the pride I took in having it under 
my comnjand. I say this with a warmth and sincerity which I could express in the same 
degree towards but few of the regiments which I had in my command." 

Hancock writes : 

"I have great respect and esteem for th» officers and men of a regiment so distin- 
guished in the field as the 26th Michigan Infantry, and being bound to them in ties of 
friendship derived through a common service. " 

The regiment was engaged with the enemy at the siege of Suffolk, Va., 
April 22 to May 14, 1863; Windsor, Va., Alay 22, 1863; Mine Run, Va., 
November 29, 1863; Wilderness, Va., May 5, 6, and 7, 1864; Corbin's 
Bridge, Va., May 8, 1864; Ny river, Va., May 9 and 10, 1864; Po river, Va., 
May 11, 1864; Siiotisylvania, Va., May 12", 13, 14, and 18, 1864; North 
Anna, Va., May 24, 1864; Tolopotomy, Va., May 30 and 31, and June 1, 
1864; Cold Harbor, Va., June 2, 3, 1864; Petersburg, Va., June 16 and 17, 
1864; Weldon Railroad, Va., June 22, 1864; Deep Bottom, Va., July 27 and 
28, 1864; Strawberry Plains, Va., August 14, 17, 1864; White Oak Swamp, 
Va., August 16, 1864; Reams's Station, Va., August 25, 1864; Peeble'sFarm, 
Va., March 25, 1865; Hatcher's Run, Va., March 29, 1865; Boydton Road, 



i 
I 

MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 469 

Va., March 30, 31, 1865; White Oak Roar], Va., March 31, 1805; Suther- 
lat)d's Station, Va., April 2, 18(35; Amelia Springs, Va., April 5, 1865; Uea- 
tonsville, Va., April 6, 1865; Sailor's Creek, Va., April 6, 1865; High Bridge, 
Va., April 7, 1865; Fannvillc, Va., April 7, 1865; Appomattox Court House, 
Va., April 9, 1865; siege of Petersburg, Va., from June 17, 1864 to April 3, 
1865. 

The 26th had a membership of 1,210, while its losses were 259, of which 1 
officer and 61 men were killed in action, 2 officeis and 37 meu died of wounds, 
aud of disease 3 officers and 155 men. 

" You, whose lives cold set, 

Like a winter's sun ill-timed, 
Whose hearts ran down ere yet 

The noon of your lives had chimed." 

Note. — A correspondent wrote: " The question is often asked in Michieran, ' What has 
become of the 2Glh? ' If our friends were to call at the headquarters of Generals Han- 
cock and Miles, or visit any of the regiments of tlio 2(1 corps, they would not be wanting 
in all the data requisite to establish for the 2Gth a fame second to none in the army of the 
Potomac. An olliier of hiah rank recently said in our hearing: 'The 26th Aiicliigan is 
the linest skirmish regiment in Meade's army.' Such testimonials are frecjuently 
awarded us, and though we are wanting in all that concentration of local pride and influ- 
ence at home which has given so much celebrity to the 2-4th and other regiments, wy are 
content to leave the keeping of our fame to those who shall give to the world Hm iinpax- 
tial history of tlie war. " 



L 



TWENTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT INFANTRY, 



" To arms! the voice of freedom calls, 

Nor calls in vain; 
Up from the fields, the shops, the halls, 
The busy street, the city walls, 

Eush martial men." 

In the order for the recruitment of the 27th Regiment it was directed that 
six companies be raised in the Lake Superior counties, but only three were 
there organized, consisting of those recruited by Captains Wright, Moody, 
and Plumuier. These companies were rendezvoused at Port Huron, and were 
for a time in charge of Lieutenant Colonel Thomas S. Sprague, of Detroit, 
and afterwards in command of Colonel D. M. Fox. 

In the meantime, the recruitment of a regiment designated as the 28th had 
been ordered, to rendezvous at Ypsilanti, in charge of Colouel Edward Doyle, 
of Detroit. 

Kecruiting for these regiments proceeded so slowly that it was determined, 
in view of the exigencies of the service, to consolidate them, and on the 1st of 
February, 1863, the 27th was ordered to break camp at Port Huron and pro- 
ceed to the rendezvous at Ypsilanti. The process of consolidation was there 
completed, the united regiments becoming known as the 27th, which was 
mustered into the service of the United States with eight companies, on April 
10th, 1863. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Colonel, Dorus M. Fox, Lyons. Lieutenant Colonel, John H. Richardson, Tuscola. 
Major, William B. "Wright, Eagle Harbor. Surgeon, Cyrus M. Stocliwell, Port Huron. 
Asbistant Surgeon, Hamilton E. Smith, Lexington, Second Assistant Surgeon, Jonathan 
E. Davis, Macomb. Adjutant, David F. Fox, Detroit. Quartermaster, William P. 
Spaulding, Sault Ste. Marie. Chaplain, Sylvan S. Hunting, Detroit. 

The companies composing the regiment were 

A. Captain, Daniel Plummer, Ontonagon. First Lieutenant, Charles Waite, Rockland. 
Second Lieutenant, Daniel G. Cash, Ontonagon. 

B. Captain, Samuel Moody, Houghton. First Lieutenant, James H. Slawson, Hough- 
ton. Second Lieutenant, Nelson Truckey, Marquette. 

C. Captain, William B. Wright, Eagle Harbor. First Lieutenant, Frederick Myers, 
Houghton, tjecond Lieutenant, Chester W. Houghton, Houghton. 

D. Captain, James Dafoe, Greenfield. First Lieutenant, Harper S. Richardson, Tus- 
cola. Second Lieutenant, Ambrose B. Thomas, Vevay. 

E. Captain, James Kernahan, Springfield. First Lieutenant, Paul Gies, Detroit. Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, Alfred H. Bolio, Freedom. 

F. Captain, Robert S. Baker, Port Huron. First Lieutent, Daniel S. Tompkins, Port 
Huron. Second Lieutenant, Warren A. Norton, Detroit. 

G. Captain, Edward S. Leadbeater, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Oscar F. Fox, Lyons. 
Second Lieutenant, Edward Gouse, Detroit. 

(470) 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 471 

H. Captain, Alonzo L. Bingham, East Saginaw. First Lieutenant, John Quigley, 
Detroit. Second Lieutenant, Lyster M. O'Brien, Detroit. 

On the 13th of December followwg, Uompany I was mustered into service, 
with Captain Abner B. Wood, St. Johns. First Lieutenant, Porter K. Perrin, 
St. Johns. Secoiul Lieutenant, John Q. Patterson, Ovid, and the organization 
of the regiment was completed on January 4th, 1864, by the muster of Company 
K, Captain, Edwin J. March, Hillsdale. First Lieutenant, Oscar Hancock, 
Hillsdale. Second Lieutenant, John Armour, Detroit. 

The regiment of eight companies in command of Colonel Fox, proceeded 
from, its rendezvous at Ypsilanti, to Kentucky via Cincinnati, on April 12th, 
1863, with a force on its muster rolls of 865 officers and men. 

Before leaving the State the 27th had a flag prepared by the ladies of Port 
Huron and carried to Ypsilanti, where it was delivered on their behalf by the 
Hon. James Sanborn, of Port Huron, in an appropriate speech, to which Col- 
onel D. M. Fox replied for the regiment. The flag was of the first quality and 
superb workmanship. 

It was stationed at various points in Kentucky, having a skirmish with the 
enemy at Jamestown, June 2d, 1863. In that month it was assigned to the 
3d brigade, Ist division, 9th corps, and in June was sent to Mississippi to rein- 
force Grant's army at Vicksburg, and was engaged in the siege at that place 
from June 22d to July 4th, when it moved with its corps in the advance on 
Jackson, Mississippi, and in a skirmish near that place on the 11th, lost two 
killed and five wounded ; among the wounded was Lieutenant Harper S. Rich- 
ardson, who died of his wounds January 5th, 1864. After the evacuation of 
Jackson by the rebels the regiment participated with its division in a recon- 
noissance to Pearl river, and after destroying several miles of railroad returned 
to Milldale, its former encampment. 

On the 1st of November, 1863, this regiment, in command of Major William 
B. Wright, was attached to the 2d brigade, Ist division, 9th army corps, and 
was encamped at Lenoir Station, East Tennessee. Breaking camp on the 
morning of the 14th of November, the regiment, then in the 2d brigade, 
marched to Hough's Ferry. On the 16th the army commenced the retreat to 
Knoxville, closely followed by the rebel army under General Longstreet. In 
order to effect the safe withdrawal of the trains, a stand was made at Camp- 
bell's Station. In the engagement the 27th participated, losing 3 killed, 8 
wounded, and 10 missing. The retreat was continued to Knoxville, where the 
regiment actively assisted in the defense of the city during the siege. In the 
assault made by the rebels on Fort Sanders, November 2yth, the loss of the 
regiment was 1 killed and 19 missing. The casualties of the regiment during 
the mouth of November were 4 killed, 4 mortally wounded, 17 severely 
wounded, and 29 missing; total, 54. The regiment marched on the 7th of 
December in pursuit of the retreating enemy, following him to Kutledge, 
whence, after remaining in camp three days, it fell back to Bluin's Cross Roads, 
where it encamped until the 16th of January, 1864. During the period follow- 
ing the 14th of November the suffering and hardships of the regiment were 
very severe, particularly during the retreat to Knoxville and the siege of that 
place, from want of rest and an insulticient supply of food and clothing. At 
Mossy Creek, in March following, the regiment was joined by two new com- 
panies, I and K, which had been raised in the State, together with a large 
number of recruits, numbering in all 362 men. On the 17th it marched via 
Knoxville, Hall's Gap, Kentucky, and Camp Dick Robinson, to Nicholasville, 



472 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

Kentucky. The march to this phice was accomplished in fourteen days, an 
average of nearly seventeen miles a day. Proceeding thence by cars, the regi- 
ment arrived at Annapolis, Maryland, April 5th. Two cotnnanies of sharp- 
sliooters, in command of Captains Porter K. Perrin and Richard "V^osper, 
joined the regiment at Annapolis. April 23d, the regiment moved via Wash- 
ington and Manassas to Warrenton, Virginia, where it joined the Army of the 
Potomac on the '-.*9th. 

The 27th, 864 strong, in command of Major Samuel Moody, and then in 
the 1st brigade, 3d division of the same corps (Burnside's), crossed the Rapi- 
dan, and on the 6th participated in the battle of the Wilderness, sustaining a 
loss of 89 in killed and wounded, including among the killed Lieutenants 
James H. Plummer and Arthur Christian, and among the wounded Major 
Moody, who did not leave tlie field. 

From the Annual Cyclopedia, 1864: 

"May 5th. * * On the right, fighting commenced with an attack by General Sedg- 
wick, who advanced his line. In the afternoon the enemy advanced to drive him back, 
during which they made a desperate effort to turn his right. In this extremity he sent a 
request to General Buruside, who had that day crossed over, to close up and assist him. 
At this time the attack of the enemy was repulsed, but near nightfall it was renewed with 
great vigor. A most desperate engagement ensued, which continued imtil two hours 
after dark, when the indecisive conflict closed. * * ***** 

" May 6th. * * At 8 and 10.30 o'clock the right was again pressed by the enemy. 
The firing at each period extended all along the line. The efforts of the enemy appeared 
to be intended to break through the separate corps. The gaps, however, were closed up 
by the 9th corps. Earthworks were thrown up whenever and wherever practicable, and 
proved to be of invaluable service. * * * At noon the contest was comparatively sus- 
pended, and General Grant concentrated his lines, interposing the greater part of Burn- 
side's corps between Generals Warren and Hancock. The left was also brought forward 
a little toward the center from the Brock road, to which it had been driven. These move- 
ments had hardly been completed when the forces of Generals Longstreet and Hill 
renewed the attack on the left and penter with great fury and drove them back. The 
fight was fiercest at the junction of these two corps, and General Crawford's 3d division 
of the 5th corps, General Carr's 4th division of the 2d corps, and General Stevenson's 
division of the yth corps suffered the most heavily. "****** 

On the 12th of May the regiment was engaged at Spottsylvania Court House, 
losing 27 killed, 148 wounded, and 12 missing, Lieutenant John Armour being 
among the wounded, who died next day. Marching in command of 
Colonel Fox with its brigade to the North Anna river, it lost, in the operations 
of the 24th and 25th of May, 3 killed and 8 wounded. During the entire 
month of May the casualties of the regiment were 47 killed, 230 wounded, and 
16 missing; a total of 293. Having crosi^ed the Pamunky and moved forward 
with the aimy to Bethesda Church, the regiment participated in the engage- 
ment at that point on the 3d of June, with a loss of 16 killed and 60 wounded, 
including among the killed Lieutenants Chas. H. Seymour and Chas. T. 
Miller, while Major Moody received a wound of which he died in Washington 
on June 20ch following: 

From the report of Captain Chas, Waite, commanding regiment: 
<<* ♦ * ^i Bethesda Church the regiment was engaged June 3d, and charged the 
enemy's works in our front, carrying his first line, but were soon repulsed with heavy 
loss. In this engagement Major Moody received a wound which caused his death. The 
loss of this gallant officer was deeply mourned in the regiment. Though sufi'eiing from 
illness and a wound received in the Wilderness, he had steadily remained at his post of 
duty, on all occasions manifesting rare courage and entire devotion to the cause in which 
he yielded up his fife." 

In this severe battle Willcox's division, 9 h corjis, was heavily engaged, with 
aieat loss. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 473 

The "American Conflict" says: 

" "Wriglit's and Smith's assaults were loss dctorminofi— at all events less sancruinary— 
than Hancock's, and Warren having a long line to hold was content to hold it. Buruside 
swung two of his divisions around to flank the enemy's left, which he hotlv engaged, and 
must have worsted, had the battle along our front been protracted; but that could not be. 
Twenty minutes after the first shot was fired, fully 10,000 of our men were stretched 
writhing on the sod, or still and calm in doath, while the enemy's loss was probably Tittle 
more than 1,000; and when, some hours later, orders were sont by General Meade to each 
corps commander to renew the attack at once, without n-^'ard to any other, the men 
simply and unanimously refused to obey it. They knew that success was hopeless, and 
the attempt to gain it murderous; hence they refused to be sacrificed to no purpose." 

Marchinp; to Cold Harbor it took part in the operations there, and crossing 
the James river with the army, advanced to the front at Petersburg. Ou the 
17th and 18th it took part in the charges made on the enemy's works. Col- 
onel Fox being wounded on the 17th, Captain E. S. Leadbeater succeeded him 
and continued in command during the 18th and 19th. On the 20th l.ieuten- 
ant Colonel Wright again took command, and duty was commenced in the 
trenches. During the month of June the loss of the regiment was 21 killed, 
149 wounded and 23 missing, including Lieutenant J. W. Breunan killed in 
the action of the 18th. These casualties occurred principally in the battles of 
the 17th and 18th. 

From the 8th to the 30th of July the regiment was stationed in the advanced 
line of works, immediately in front of the rebel forts that were blown up on 
the 30th by the springing of the mine. 

In the charges made by divisions of the 9th corps after the explosion, the 
27th led its brigade against a most territic and continuous lire, but succeeded 
in reaching the Crater, where it was afterwards exposed to a severe iire, losing 
heavily. Colonel Wright, its commander, received two wounds, one by a sliell, 
the other by a rifle ball in the shoulder, disabling him from command. 

The casualties of the month of July were: Killed, 34; wounded, 92; miss- 
ing, 27; total, 143. The regiment occupied a portion of the entrenchments 
in front of Petersburg until the 19th of August, when it marched to the Wel- 
don railroad. On the 19th and 20th it participated in the battles fonglit near 
that road. Its loss in these two engagements was 9 killed, 8 wounded, and 37 
missing, Lieutenant Mason Vospcr being among the killed of the 19th. 

During September until the 29th the regiment, in command of Captain 
Waite, being then in the 1st brigade, 1st division, was engaged principally in 
the construction of fortifications, roads, etc. On the 29th it moved to the west 
of the Weldon road, and on the 30th took part in the battle near Peebles's 
Farm, or Poplar Grove Church, with a loss of 10 wounded, and 1 missing. 
Here Lieutenant Theodore S. Mead was wounded, and died of his wounds at 
Washin<;ton, on the 29th of October following. 

On October 3d Colonel Fox having resigned, on November 12th following 
Lieutenant Colonel B. M. Cutclieon, 20th Miciiigan, was promoted to the col- 
onelcy, but did not assume command of the regiment, being ttill in command 
of the 2d brigade, which he had held since October 17th, 1864, and which he 
continued to hold until March Gth, 1805, when he resigned. 

On the 27th and 28th of October tlie regiment took part in the movement 
on the Soutii Side railroad, but did not become engaged. 

Duiing tiie month of Novomber the 27th in command of Lieutenant Colonel 
Waite, who liad been promoted to rank from tlie 17th of October previous, 
was engaged on picket duty, and holding a portion of our line of entreuchnienta 
GO 



474 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

near the South Side railroad, about seven miles west of Petersburg, and ore 
the 29th moved to the right and took a position in the works in front of 
Petersburg, relieving troops of the 2d corps. In that position it remained, 
doing very heavy and arduous picket duty until April 1st, 1865, when it was 
ordered to make a demonstration on the enemy's line directly in front of Mine 
Fort, as it was supposed that he was withdrawing from that point. The demon- 
stration was made, but it was found that he was still in force, and the com- 
mand fell back to the main line of works again, when a movement was mada 
one mile to the left, where a line of battle was formed in rear of Fort Sedg- 
wick, and preparations made to charge at daybreak on the following morning., 
From the Red Book of Michigan : 

" Prominent among the chain of works in front of our army at Petersburg was Fort 
MahoD. It had been decided to attacli that point at daybreak, on the day before the evac- 
uation of Petersburg. The assaulting column is formed of regiments in mass; the point 
of attack about 300 yards distant; the main assault to be made by a large brigade of new 
troops. The brigade of the 27th Michigan is in their supporting column; the advance 
column is on the move. Soon a heavy fire of musketry and artillery is opened by the 
enemy; the new troops waver for a moment, then dash gallantly forward; soon their 
hearty cheers announce success; the men coming to the rear with the wounded shout tri- 
umphantly to the old brigade: ' Boys we have taken the fort for you, and for God's sake 
see if you can hold it!' But the firing every moment increases in vigor; the news from 
the fort is doubted; soon the command comes, ' Forward, first brigade!' They advance 
with a hearty cheer, on the double-quick. Soon the new brigade is reached — they are 
only in the rifle pits; it is found impossible for the 1st brigade to pass them; the assault 
is likely to prove a failure; death to halt and await orders, disgrace to fall back, the only 
alternative to attempt the fort with 123 men in the 27th— a moment's delay would be fatal.. 
Instantly the direction of the regiment is changed; the command, unmasked, charges 
again to the front, advances at the double-quick on the fort. The brigade commander 
fears the result, — shouts, ' Don't attempt the fort. Colonel, break to the right!' The colonel's 
strong, clear voice rises above the deafening uproar and answers back with gallant spirit, 
' Fort or nothing !' Taking up the cry the whole regiment shout exultingly, 'Fort or 
nothing!' Pressing onward under a tremendous fire of grape are soon out of range 
under embankments, the ditch is cleared, the walls are gained, and on their ragged edge 
are in triumph planted the colors of the 27, capturing its eastern wing with three pieces of 
artillery, and- taking 164 prisoners, and holding it during the day against repeated assaults 
of the enemy; during the night the regiment moved to the right of the captured fort, 
and there threw up breastworks connecting it with the federal picket line, and on the 3d 
at 3 A. M. advanced and entered Petersburg, the enemy having withdrawn during the 
previous night. After the evacuation of Petersburg by the rebels the regiment partici- 
pated in the pursuit of the retreating columns of Lee's army, and was afterwards 
employed In picketing along the South Side railroad until the 18th, when it was ordered 
to Washington, where it took part in the review of the army of the Potomac on the 23d, 
and then encamped near Tannallytown, D. 0." 

The regiment remained at Tannallytown until mustered out of service July 
26, 18G5, when, under command of Colonel Waite, it took its route for Mich- 
igan, and arriving at Detroit on the 2yth, was soon thereafter paid off and 
disbanded. 

The 27th participated in encounters with the enemy at Jamestown, Ky., 
June 2, 1863; siege of Vicksburg, Miss., June 22 to July 4, 1863; Jackson, 
Miss., July 11 to 18, 1863; Blue Springs, Tenn., October 10, 1863; Loudon, 
Tenn., November 14, 1863; Lenoir Station, Tenn., November 15, 1863; 
Campbell's Station, Tenn., November 16, 1863; siege of Knoxville, Tenn., 
November 17 to December 5, 1863; Fort Saunders, Tenn., November 29, 
1863; Strawberry Plains, Tenn., January 22, 1864; near Knoxville, Tenu.,^ 
January 23, 1864; Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1864; Ny river, Va., May 
9, 1864; Spottsylvania, Va., May 10, 11, 12, 1864; Ox Ford, Va., May 
23, 1864; North Anna, Va., May 24, 25, 1864; Bethesda Church, Va.^ 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 475 

June 2 aud 3, 1864; Cold Harbor, Va., June 7, 1864; Petersburg, Va., 
June 17, 18, 1864; The Crater, Va., July 30, 18G4; Weldon Railroad, Va., 
August 19, 21, 1864; Reams's Station, Va., Aus;u8t 25, 1864; Poplar Springs 
Ciiurch, Va., September 30, 1864; Pegrain Farm, Va., October 2, 1864; 
Bovdton Road, Va., October 8, 1864; Hatcher's Run, Va., October 27, 28, 
1864; Fort Steedman, Va., March 25, 1865; Fort Mahon, Va., April 2, 
1865; capture of Petersburg, Va., April 3, 1865; siege of Petersburg, Va., 
from June 17, 1864, to April 3, 1865. 

This regiment had a membership of 2,029 oflBcers and men, and lost 417; 
6 officers, 122 men being killed in action, 2 officers aud 84 men died of 
wounds, aud of disease 4 officers and 199 men. 

•' Euins of manly graces, 

Strong buds crushed in spring. 
Lilt up your phantom faces 
And see the llowers we bring." 

Notes. — Major Moody of the 27th, formerly a well known Lalce Superior as well as 
sea captain, while in command of his company at Jackson, Miss., and while in Une of 
battle behind some protection, being desirous of saving his men from the fire of the 
enemy, repeatedly cautioned them against exposing themselves, and failing to do so sat- 
isfactorily, losing all patience with them, rushed in front of the company calling aloud at 
the top of his voice, "Boys, bear a hand and keep down or by Jupiter if you don't I'll 
send every mother's son of you aft" (meaning the rear), inferring that he would do their 
part of the fighting himself. 

On another occasion while advancing in line of battle in the Wilderness under a heavy 
fire, anxious to keep his alignment, in the excitement around him forgot his tactics and 
military phrases and went back to his native element, the sailor, and is heard all over the 
line giving his commands, "Luff, boys, luff, steady! luff, luff, there, steady] now give 'em 
every shot in the locker." 



At the explosion of what is known as the "Mine," in front of Petersburg, 
on July 30th, 1864, the 9ih corps were the troops principally engaged. The 
3d division, commanded by General Willcox, having in it si.x Michigan regi- 
ments of infantry, 2d, 8th, 17th, 20th, 27th, and 1st sharpsliooters, followed 
the leading division in the charge, and suffered severe loss. Of the part taken 
by his command in that affair the Greueral makes the following report: 

Headquakters 3d Division, 9th Aemy Corps, | 
Before Petersburg, Va., August 6th, li>64. ) 

Coloneij, — I have the honor to report that on the 30th ult. Hartranft's brigade was 
promptly formed close in rear of the left of Ledlio's division, and ready to move l(.)rward 
at 3.30 A. M. Humphrey's brigade occupied part of the second Une of our rifie-pits and 
the covered way leading to Hartranft's brigade, and was ready at the same hour. 

The mine exploded at 4.45 A. M. 

As soon as the explosion, and the first division advanced, Hartranft's advance passed 
through our front line of pits in column of battalions, at 5 A. M., and three regimeuta 
occupied the left of the exploded work on the left flank of the 1st division, their ranks 
considerably broken up by the irregularity of the ground. The Ist division, halting in 
llie crater, soon closed up the way so tiiat two regiments of Hartranft's brigade rciuained 
on tlie near slope of the rebel work, and two regiments halted in rear of our works, wait- 
ing tor space to move up. The distance between the two lines was about 140 yaiils. 

In obedience to instructions from General iJurnside, I ordered General Hartranlt for- 
ward, without waiting for the 1st division, with instructions to gain Cemetery Hill if pos- 
sible. This was about 5.15 A. M. 

Meantime the enemy had recovered from their surprise, and now concentrated so 
heavy a fire upon the point that our troops, in seeking temporaiy shelter, became still 



476 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

more mixed with each other and with the 1st division, lost their ranks and much of their 
x-egimental organization in spite of tlie efforts of many of the officers, and evory new 
regiment tliat marched into the breech only increased the huddle and confusion, and 
interfered the more with the ofl'cers in re-foi ming for another advance. I did not, there- 
fore, push the remaining two regiments of this brigade into the crater, but reported to 
General Burnside that no more troops could assault at this breech to advantage, and 
recommended an attack on the right and left of it. I sent repeated and peremptory orders 
to General Hartranft to advance, but he reported it impossible. I ordered him to send at 
least one regiment to the left and within the enemy's lines, clean out the rebels on that 
flank as far as possible, and then advance. I am sure that both he, with his staff, and the 
i-egimenlal commanders did all in their power to obey these orders. 

The 27th Michigan volunteers started towards the left, but its commanding officer, 
Lieutenant Colonel Wright, was shot, and the enemy, while pi'otected by their traverses, 
had so long a line of fire from their pits that the 27th was unable to make any headway, 
notwithstanding that General Hartranft succeeded in disinterring one of the rebel guns 
in the work, and firing it down this flank in aid of the movement. 

About 7 or 8 o'clock the colored division moved into and on the right of the crater, and 
I sent orders to Hartranft to follow up and support them if they sureeeded in advancing. 
At the same time I pushed forward Humphrey's brigade in a front attack agauist the 
rebel rifle-pits on the left of the crater. Tlie 2d, 2llth, and 1st Michigan regiments went 
in line, and witli no great loss carried the pits the length of their line, capturing some 40 
prisoners, but the dtith New York Volunteers broke, and in their disgraceful retreat threw 
two remaining regiments of the 2d brigade into temporary disorder, and separated tiiem 
from the hne of battle. 

Meantime Hartranft got out another gun and was able to use it on his right flank when 
an assault was made upon that side and upon the negro troops who now occupied it 
without advancing toward Cemetery hill. 

This assault on the crater was repulsed with much loss to the rebels, the troops of my 
division springing to the edge of the crater and firing until the enemy was driven back 
and sought the shelter of the rifle-pits. 

The two guns spoken of were manned by men of this division and of the 14th New 
York heavy artillery, under the guidance of Sergeant W. Stanley, Co. "D" of that regi- 
ment, who behaved with great skill, coolness, and bravery, but unfortunately was killed 
durmg the day. 

Another assault was afterwards attempted by the rebels on the rear of the woiks, and 
was again repulsed. 

The enemy brought field artillery into position on several points along the Jerusalem 
plank road. Cemetery Hill, and a barn to tlie left of the hill. Their mortar batteries also 
got the range of the crater and the shell fell with destructive precision among troops so 
closely packed together. Nevertheless General Hartranft reported that he had some 
of his troops in better shape, and thought they could hold the position if ammunition 
could be supplied. I had already brought ammunition up to within two hundred j'aids of 
the crater, and immediately sent in ten thousand rounds by men of the 51st Pennsyl- 
vania, part of whom were shot in the attempt. 

The enemy had now full sweep of the ground between the crater and our rifle pits, and 
at my request Colonel Guy Heiirj% commanding a brigade in the 18th corp&, and General 
Ferero, with detachments of colored troops, began three covered waj'S towards the crater, 
fi'om which also the men began to work from their side toward us. 

Affairs were in this condition when I was summoned, with the other division command- 
ers, to corps headquarters about 12:30 P. M. During my absence the work was evacu- 
ated under orders of the brigade commanders inside, sent to them from the major general 
connnandiiig. 

At the time of the evacuation the enemy made a third assault with a column of rein- 
forcements from General Hill's corps. This assault was virtually a repulse by the lire of 
our artillery, particularly by Roemer's 34th New York and Mayo's 3d Maine batteries, ami 
by the men reniainhig in the ciater, whom the order to withdraw did not reaeh. The 
rebel column, niarcliing down the hill over open ground, was so shattered by our tire that 
it broke to one side, and the other fell back, rallied, and linally swayed off to the left of 
the crater into their rifle pits, and advanced again under cover when most of our troops 
had lett the work. In this last affair this division lost some of its bravest men, who 
stayed lighting it out to tlie last. 

Eight legimeiits were engaged, two regiments held in reserve, and three, that failed 
through the cowardice of the 4Gtli New York volunteers to reach the rebel breastworks, 
were employed partly as provost guard and partly in niaiining our breastworks on the 
light and left of the crater to keep down the lire of the enemy from their pits duiing the 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 477 

evacuation of the rebel works. After dnik this divipion promptly relieved that part of 
the 18th corps that had occupied its front during the action. 

The losses of this division, amounting to 4li commissioned officers, 666 meu, oaly 258 
of whom were missing, have already been reported. 
We captured about 100 rebel prisoners. 

I have the honor to be very respectfully your obedient sei-^-ant, 

O. B. WILLCOX, 
Brig. General Vol's, Coinmunding. 

The 2(1 and 20th Michigan and 1st Micliigaii Sharpshooters wore iu 
Huniplirey's 2d brigade, iJd division, and the 8tli, 17th, and 27th Michigan 
were in the 1st brigade (Ilartranft's) of the same division. 

In Burnside's campaign in East Tennessee the Michigan troops were largely- 
represented, consisting of 2d 8th, 17th. 20Lh, 23d, and 27lh rcirimcntf! of 
infantry, together with 2d, 8lh, and 9th Cavalry, and Battery L, ]st regiment 
light artillery. 

Soon after the raising of the siege at Knoxville General Burnside issued 
an order which was read to each regiment of iiis army, and of which the 
following is an extract, the balance of the order including names of some officers 
of other States. 

Headquarters Army of the Ohio, \ 
General Orders, | Knoxville, Tenn., Dec. 11, 18U3. \ 

No. 37. J 

In ordnr to designate more clearly the positions occupied by our troops during the 
recent siege, and in token of respect to the gallant officers who fell iu the defense of 
Knoxville, the several forts and batteries are named as follows: 

Battery Noble.— At Loop-holed house south of Kingston road, in memory of Adju- 
tant William Noble, 2d Michigan Volunteers, who fell in the charge upon the enemy's rifle 
pits in front of Fort Sanders on the morning of November 2-itli. 

Fort Byington. — At College Hill, alter Major Cornelius Byington, 2d Michigan Vol- 
unteers, who fell mortally wounded while leading the assault upon the enemy's rifle pits 
in front of Fort Sanders on the morning of Novenibei- 2ith. 

Battery Galpin. — East of Second creek, in memory of Lieutenant Galpin, 2d Michi- 
gan Volunteers, who fell in the assault upon the enemy's rifle pits in front of Fort Sanders 
on the morning of November 2-lth. 

Fort Comstock.— On Summit Hill, near the railroad depot, in memory of Lieutenant 
Colonel Comstock. 17th Michigan Volunteers, who fell in our lines during the siege. 

Battery Wiltsie. — West of Gay street, in memory of Captain Wiltsie, 20th Michigan 
Volunteers, who was mortally wounded in our lines during the siege. 

Fort Huntington Smith.— On Temperance Hill, in memory of Lieutenant ColoueJ 
Huntington Smith, 20th Michigan Volunteers, who fell at the battle of Campbell's Station. 

Battery Zoellner. — Between Fort Sanders and Second creek, in memory of Lieu- 
tenant Frank Zoellner, 2d Michigan Volunteers, who fell mortally wountleil in the assault 
upon the enemy's rifle pits, in front of Fort Sanders, on the morning of November 24ih. 

Battery Billingsley. — Between Gay street and First creek, in memory of Lieutenant 

J. Billint;sley. 17th Michigan lulantry, who fell in the action in front of Fort Sanders 

November 2uth. 

1^ * * * *«*«« 

By command of 

MAJOR GENERAL BUENSIDE. 
Lewis Richmond, A. A. O. 

Headquarters District of Washington, / 
SPECiAii Orders, ) July 25th, IbUo. ] 

No. 57. ) 

Officers and Men of the 1st Division, 9th Army Corps: 

The time has come when we must all separate and go to our welcome homes. The ties 
of comradeship, the bloody brotherhood into which we have been baptized for our coun- 
try's sake, will survive the change. The story of the old division, various regiments ol 
■which have left the bones of their dead to whiten battle-fields iu seven different States, 
■will form a part of your individual life hereafter. 



478 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

To the oflQcers and men of the division, my own thanks are due for their cheerful coop- 
eration with me in the performance of mutual duties, and for the gallantry, self-denial, 
devotion, and good conduct they have always shown in the service of their country when- 
ever acting under my command. Your achievements will brighten many a page of im- 
partial history. 

Let us cherish the associations of the past four years; let us keep alive the patriotic 
fires which have burned so brightly under cloud and sunshine. The Eed Shiehd of the 
division shines with full lustre and reflects a gloiy upon all who have fought under it. 

Your families and fellow citizens will welcome your return in peace and victoiy; you 
will carry about you in civil hfe a sense of your own worth, and self-respect will charac- 
terize those who have done so well and deserve so well by their country. Keep high the 
standard of your honor; preserve your honesty and integrity, and the worthy returned 
soldier will purify the atmosphere of home, State, and country, by his own simple and 
steadfast purity of character. 

"Wishing you every success and prosperity in life, your General bids you a sad but proud 
farewell. 

0. B. WILLCOX, 
Brevet Major General U. 8. Volunteers. 

Offlcial: Eobebt A. Hutchins, A. A. Q. 



TWENTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT INFANTRY. 



*' Ho! comrades! see the starry flag, broad waving at our head; 
Ho! comrades! mark the tender light on the dear emblems spreadl 
Our fathers' blood has hallowed it; 'tis part of their renown; 
And palsied be the catiff hand would pluck its glories down!" 

The 28th was formed by the consolidation of what had been originally 
intended for the 28th, rendezvoused at Marshall under the superintendence of 
the Hon. S. S. Lacey, of that place, as commandant of camp, and the 29th, 
rendezvoused at Kalamazoo, with the Hon. W. B, Williams, of Allegan, as 
commandant of camp, who completed the organization of the regiment. 

The companies were mustered into the U. S. Service at various dates during 
the months of September and October, 1864, its organization being completed 
by the muster on the 26th of October. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Colonel, William W. Wheeler, St. Joseph. Lieutenant Colonel, George T. Shaffer, 
Calvin. Major, Norris J. Frink, Marshall. Surgeon, Alonzo Garwood, Cassopolis. 
Assistant Surgeon, Joseph P. Cessna, Kalamo. Second Assistant Surgeon, George W. 
Green, Three Rivers. Adjutant, Hiiam E. Ellis, Saugatuck. Quartermaster, John B. 
Upton, Lawrence. 

The regiment was made up of company — 

A. Captain, Shubal F. White, Convis. First Lieutenant, George H. Granger, Tekonsha, 
€econd Lieutenant, George H. Penniman, Marshall. 

B. Captain, Benjamin Evans, Bellevue. First Lieutenant, Eli F. Evans, Veraon. 
Second Lieutenant, Mathew Holmes, Baltimore. 

C. Captain, David B. Purinton, Coldwater. First Lieutenant, George W. Bowker, 
Ooldwater. Second Lieutenant, Chauncy H. DeClute, Coldwater. 

D. Captain, Newton Haight, Jackson. First Lieutenant, Peter B. Kilmer, Napoleon, 
fiecond Lieutenant, Walter J. Lee, Parma. 

E. Captain, Samuel S. Thomas, Allegan. First Lieutenant, Harmon Ford, Jackson. 
Second Lieutenant, William Boles, Kalamazoo. 

F. Captain, George L. Montgomery, Lansing. First Lieutenant, Edward P. Girard, 
Jackson. Second Lieutenant, Sylvester E.. Holden, Jackson. 

G. Captain, Erl Beebe, Decatur. First Lieutenant, Edwin K. Farmer, Decatur. Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, Daniel Spicer, Lawton. 

H. Captain, Samuel Chadwick, Three Rivers. First Lieutenant, Hosea Burch, Three 
Rivers. Second Lieutenant, William Rogers, Camden. 

I. Captain, Albert A. Holcomb, Galesburg. First Lieutenant, Frank Plogart, Cold- 
water. Second Lieutenant, Harlow E. Maoarey, Coldwater. 

K. Captain, John E. Mclver, Kalamo. First Lieutenant, Jeremiah B. Hauey, Leightou. 
Second Lieutenant. William Duryee. Lee. 

On the 26th of October the 28th, in command of Lieutenant Colonel Deloa 
Phillips, then a captain in the 17th Infantry, wlio had been commissioned but 
not mustered, left its rendezvous at Kalamazoo with 886 officers and men on 

(479) 



480 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

its rolls, for Nashville, Tenn., arriving at Louisville, Ky., on the 29th, and 
on November 10th it was ordered to Camp Nelson for the purpose of guarding 
a wagon train from that point to Nashville, where it arrived on the 5th of 
December, and was reported by Colonel Phillips to General Thomas for duty, 
when it was assigned to the brigade in command of General Miller, Who was 
then in command of the post at Nashville. 

Colonel Phillips having declined to muster, Major George T. Shafer assumed 
command. 

In the meantime Hood had commenced his advance northward, bringing the 
28th into more active service. 

Colonel Wheeler, who had been commissioned from the 23d Infantry, 
assumed command on the 9th of December, and the regiment participated in 
the engagement at Nashville from the 12th to the 16th of that month, where 
it fully established a reputation as a gallant fighting regiment, and at once 
reached the uniform high standard of Michigan troops. 

After the battle of Nashville it was assigned to the 23d corps, and on Janu- 
ary 11th, 1865, the regiment embarked on the steamer Lawrence for Eastport, 
Mississippi, but on arriving at Paducah, Kentucky, received orders to proceed 
to Louisville, and there await further orders. On arriving at that point on 
January 18th, it was ordered to Annapolis, Maryland, and by a change of 
orders while en route proceeded to Alexandria, Virginia, arriving there on the 
25th, when it was assigned to the 2d brigade, 1st division, 23d corps, and left 
that point February 19th on ocean transports; arriving at Morehead City, N. 
C, on the 24th, it took rail for Newbern, reaciiing there on the 2oth, and on 
the 2d of March moved with its division (Rugersj toward Kingston, and joined 
General Cox, constituting a part of the force concentrating in the vicinity of 
Wilmington, intending to cooperate with General Sherman's army on its 
approach to the coast. 

From the Red Book of Michigan : 

" Meeting the enemy at Wise Forks, the 28th, commanded by Colonel Wheeler, took an 
active part in the battJes of the 8th, 9th, and 10th, at that pohit. On the 8th the regiment 
was engaged in heavy skirmishing during the entire day and the night following. On the 
9th the enemy pressed Cox's lines strongly, without making an assault, and at the same 
time attempted to turn his right, but tailed on account of a prompt reinforcement, of 
which the 28th formed a part. On the morning of the lOth the enemy made a fierce and 
determined charge upon the left, breaking the lines, but were repulsed. The brigade to 
which the 2bth belonged charged the rebels on the double quick, driving them back, and 
taking over 300 prisoners, among whom were several field officers. About 2 o'clock the 
same day they made a heavy and desperate onset on the left and center of General Cox, 
but most signally failed, the point having been strongly and promptly I'einl'orced from the 
right, The 28th, with its brigade, being among the lirst to arrive, fought the enemy most 
gallantly for about two hours, when they were most decisively repulsed, leaving their 
dead and wounded and a large number of prisoners, and during the night they fell back 
across the Neuse, burning the bridge in their rear. 

"In this spirited engagement the regiment lost Lieutenant Mathew Holmes and six 
men killed, and thirteen wounded." 

The Annual Cyclopedia for 1865 sav. 

" * * * On the 8th General Cox luid advanced to Wise's Forks, about one mile 
and a half below Southwest creek, behind which the force of the enemy, consisting of 
General Hoke's division and a small body of reserves had retired. Meanwhile General 
Cox sent two regiments under Colonel Upham, of the 15th Connecticut, to secure the 
crossing of the creek on the Dover road, but the enemy, having been reinforced by a por- 
tion of the old army of the Tennessee, recrossed the creek above the Dover road, and 
came down in the rear of Colonel Upham's position, and surprised and captured nearly 
his entire command — about 700 men. They then advanced and endeavored to penetrate 
between General Carter's and General Palmer's divisions, occupying the Dover road and 



i 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 481 

the railroad respectively, but were checked by General Euger's division, which was just 
arriving on the field. "**•••••♦ 

Continuing the march the regiment reached Kingston on the 14th, and 
Goldsboro' on the 21st, when the brigade was placed on duty guarding the line 
of the Atlanta and North Carolina railroad. On the 9th of April it marched 
again to Goldsboro', and on the 13th it arrived at Raleigh, and after the cessa- 
tion of hostilities, was engaged on duty at Goldsboro', Raleigh, Charlotte, 
Lincolntowu, Wilmington, and Newberg, until June 6, 1866, when it was 
mustered out of service. 

Immediately following its muster out, the regiment, commanded by Colonel 
Shaffer, took up its route for Detroit, where it was paid off and disbanded. 

Lieutenant John E. Kenyon died February 2, 1866, of wounds received 
January 27th previous, while arresting murderers in Pitt county, N. 0. 

While in service it had met the enemy at Nashville, Tenn., December 12 to 
16, 1864; Wise's Forks, N. C, March 8, 9, 10, 1865. 

The entire membership of the 28th had been 1,245, while its loss was 128, 
being 1 officer and 4 men killed in action, and 1 officer and 122 men died of 
disease. 

"Forget not our wounded companions, who stood 
In the day of distress by our side; 
"While the moss of the valley grew red with their blood. 
They stirred not, but conquered and died." 

61 



TWENTY-NINTH REGIMENT INFANTRY. 



" To flght 
In ft Just eanse and for our country's freedom 
Ib the best office of the best men." 

In the orders authorizing the forming of the regiments raised during the 
year 1864, this regiment was designated as the 31st. The recruits which had 
been enlisted for the 30th having been absorbed in the 3d and 4th reorganized, 
and the 29th as originally known, consolidated with the 28th, the 3l8t was 
given the designation of the 29th. It was raised entirely in the Sixth Cou- 
gressiouai District, and organized at Saginaw, by Hon. John F. Driggs. 

The muster of the regiment was completed on the 3d of October, 1864, 

PIEIiD AND STAIT. 

Colonel, Thomas Saylor, Saginaw. Lieutenant Colonel, E. Frank Eddy, Flint. Major, 
Alpheus M. Beebe, Lansing. Surgeon, Titus Duncan, East Saginaw. Assistant Surgeon, 
Samuel S. Garrigues, Bay City. Second Assistant Surgeon, Elmore Palmer, Ann Arbor. 
Adjutant, Henry P. Seymour, Linden. Quartermaster, William A. Bryce, Bay City. 
Chaplain, John Hawker, Portsmouth. 

The companies comprising the regiment were: 

A. Captain, Alson Greenfield, Vassar. First Lieutenant, Edward P. Allen, Vassar. 
Second Lieutenant, Jefferson J. Wilder, Vassar. 

B. Captahi, WUliam L. Lewis, Bay City, First Lieutenant, Hiram Bunnell, Ports- 
mouth. Second Lieutenant, Charles Monroe, Bay City. 

C. Captain, Edwin Saunders, Saginaw City. First Lieutenant, Benjamin W. Merriok, 
Port Austin. Second Lieutenant, WiUiam H. Tuttle, Saginaw City. 

D. Captain, Charles G. Meyer, East Saginaw. First Lieutenant, John A. Berger, 
Frankenmuth. Second Lieutenant, Frederick Van Vhet, Bloomfield. 

E. Captain, Andrew J. Patterson, Owosso. First Lieutenant, Sidney G. Main, Owosso. 
Second Lieutenant, William F. Close, Byron. 

F. Captain, George T. Swimm, St. Charles. First Lieutenant, Horace Blackmer, 
Bridgeport. Second Lieutenant, John Branch, Forest. 

G." Captain, Cornehus S. Eldridge, FUnt. First Lieutenant, Truman W. Hawley, East 
Saginaw. Second Lieutenant, Charles S. Cummings, Flint. 

H. Captain, La Eue Schram, Burton. Fust Lieutenant, George A. Hill, Richfield. 
Second Lieutenant, George Reed, Forest. 

I. Captain, John H. Hackett, Ypsilanti. First Lieutenant, Guart V. S. Young, Perry. 
Second Lieutenant, James McCallum, Hancock. 

K. Captain, Waldo W. Pain, Marquette. First Lieutenant, , . 

Second Lieutenant, Robert H. McQuaid, Belleville. 

The 29th broke camp on the 6th of October, 1864, for Nashville, Tenn., in 
command of Colonel Saylor, who had been commissioned from the 3d cav- 
alry, with a strength on its rolls of 856 officers and men, reaching Decatur, 
Ala., on the 26th. The rebel army under Hood attacked that place on the 

(482) 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 483 

same day, and the 29th aided in its defense until the 30th, when the enemy 
retired. 
From the Red Book of Michigan : 

" When the rebel General Hood was on his northern campaign in 1864, for the purpose 
of overrunning Tennessee, getting possession of Nashville and Louisville, and threatening 
the cities on the Ohio river, the 29th Michigan (recruited and rendezvoused under the 
supervision of Hon. John F. Driggs, M. C.) under command of Colonel Thomas M. Saylor, 
was stationed at Nashville; and on the advance of Hood upon Decatur, Ala., it was sent 
forward to that point, arriving there on the 2Gth, just in time to march from the cars to its 
position in line to meet the advance of Hood's forces then attacking that place. Colonel 
Charles C. Doolittle, of the 18th Micliigan, was in command of the post of Decatur, and for 
some days previous to the 26th had been watching the movements of Hood's army, as 
well as those of Forrest and Roddey, and had scouted the surrounding country as thor- 
oughly as possible. On the morning of the 26th he sent out several detachments on the 
Somerville and Courtland roads, one of which met a pretty strong force about three miles 
out on the Somerville road, and was obliged to retire. Not expecting the advance of 
Hood's army for a day or two at least, Colonel Doolittle was of the opinion that it might 
be a scouting party of Roddey 's command; but, at half past one o'clock P. M., of the same 
day, his videttes reported the enemy advancing on the place. He immediately made 
preparations for action, and rode to the advance post on the Somerville road, and on 
seeing the enemy's column forming into line with skirmishers out, he ordered the 2d 
Tennessee cavalry to hold the enemy in check, and then hurried back to headquarters, 
and made the necessary disposition of his force to meet the coming attack. 

"Battery A, 1st Tennessee light artilleiy, supported by the reser\'e picket of the 18th 
Michigan that had been ordered up, soon got into position in a small redoubt commundiug 
the Somerville road and vicinity, and at once opened fire on the enemy's line of battle. 
The 10th Indiana cavalry had also been ordered up and was engaged at various points 
looking after and checking the advance of the enemy. Finding that he could hold the 
rebels in check. Colonel Doolittle, about twenty minutes after the aitUlery opened fire, 
ordered the right wing of the 29th Michigan, which had just arrived by rail from Nash- 
ville and been placed behind the breastworks on the left flank, to move to the front and 
occupy the line of rifle-pits on the left of the redoubt. This they accomplished in the 
most gallant style under a hot fire from the enemy's artillery and musketiy, which they 
withstood with firmness. Soon after the other wing of the regiment was ordered out, and 
one hundred of the men in command of the Major were sent to what was known as Fort 
No. i. Battery 1, 1st Ohio light artillery, had been ordered forward and opened on the 
enemy, the fight continuing till dark, the rebels being unable to gain any advance, not- 
withstanding he made several attempts to charge the line. Colonel Doolittle then with- 
drew the advance force inside the main works, leaving one hundred men of the 29th 
Michigan to strengthen the picket line and hold the line of the rifle-pits. In the engage- 
ment of this day the pickets on the Union line, from the redoubt to the river on the right, 
remained in their position, and when night came, the picket line was intact. It was 
ascertained that the attack was made by Walthal's division, 5,000 strong, of Stewart's 
corps. Hood's army, and was fought by Colonel DooUttle with less than 500 men and a 
small amount of artillery. During the night of the 26th the Union forces were receiving 
reinforcements, and on the 27th nothing more important occurred than the driving back of 
the enemy's skirmishers on the front and right flank. On the 28th, about 3 A. M., the 
enemy drove in a portion of the pickets on the right and established themselves in gopher 
holes within four hundred yards of the works. An attempt was made early in the morning 
to dislodge them and re-establish the line, but the enemy were too well protected to be 
moved. Some time afterwards they were surprised by Captain W. C. Moore, 18th Michi- 
gan, with about fifty men from that regiment and a few clerks and orderlies from district 
headquarters, who made a most daring and dashing attack on them, driving them from 
their holes like scared rats, and taking 115 prisoners. During the day the battle became 
general; the Union troops, having been reinforced and numbering about 5,000, had made a 
most determined defense, and early on the morning of the 2yth it was ascertained that 
the enemy's forces had all been withdrawn except a strong rear guard, and at about 4 P. 
M. he was driven out of his last line of rifle-pits. 

" The noble and successful defense of Decatur by Colonel Doolittle, against such enor- 
mous odds, was one of the most gallant and remarkable of the war, and its importance, in 
view of its effect upon the great battle of Nashville, wlxich soon followed, was second to 
no minor engagement during the rebeUion. 

" The exemplary conduct, vigorous and splendid fighting of Colonel Saylor's regiment 
and his officers, although less than a mouth in the field, could scarcely have been uxceiied 
by long tried veterans. " 



484 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

From the Adjutant General's report: 

*• On the 31st of October, 1864, this regiment was stationed at Decatur, Ala., garrison- 
ing that place until November 24th, when it marched to Murfreesboro, Tenn. Arriving' 
there on the 27th it composed a part of the force at that point during the siege of Nash- 
ville and Murfreesboro by the enemy under Hood, and was engaged with the enemy on 
the 7th of December at Overall Creek. On the 13th it was sent out as the escort of a 
railroad train to procure fuel, when it was attacked by a superior force of infantry and 
artillery near Winchester church, when a severe battle ensued in which the enemy was 
repulsed with loss, the regiment losing seventeen killed, wounded, and missing. The 
enemy having taken up the track, the regiment succeeded in relaying it under fire and 
saving the train, bringing it into Murfreesboro by hand after the engine had been dis- 
abled by a shell. On the loth and 16th, while guarding a forage train at Alexandria near 
Murfreesboro, it became engaged with two brigades of the enemy's cavalry on the Shel- 
byvUle pike with slight loss, and was also engaged at Nolansville on the 17th. In the 
affair on the 15th Lieutenant Frederick Van Vliet was killed. On the 27th it was moved 
by rail to Anderson and was assigned to duty guarding the Nashville & Chattanooga rail- 
road. Remaining there until July, 1865, it moved to Dechard and thence to Murfrees- 
boro, arriving there on the 19th." 

At Murfreesboro the regiment was employed on garrison duty until Septem- 
ber 6th following, when it was mustered out of service, and on the 8th, com- 
manded by Colonel Saylor, left for Michigan, arriving on the 13th at Detroit, 
where it was paid off and discharged. 

The engagements of the regiment with the enemy were at Decatur, Ala., 
October 26, 27, 28, 1864; Overall Creek, Tenn., December 7, 1864; Winsted 
Church, Tenn., December 13, 1864; Shelbyville Pike, Tenn., December 15, 
16, 1864; Nolansville, Tenn., December 17, 1864. 

The 29th had borne on its rolls 1,470 officers and men, its losses being 71^ 
of which 1 officer and 1 man were killed in action, 4 men died of wounds^ 
and 1 officer and 64 men of disease. 

" The last sad hour of freedom's dream. 
And valor's task, moved slowly by, 
While mute they watched, till morning's beam 
Should rise and give them light to die." 



THIRTIETH REGIMENT INFANTRY. 



" Once more your flowing folds we greet, 
Triumphant over all defeat; 
Henceforth in every clime to be 
Unfading Scarf of Libertj-, 
The Ensign of the Brave and Free." 

Continued threatenings of raids by rebel refugees in Canada, together with 
an outsi)okeu, unnatural sympathy existing among the people on the Canadian 
border in their behalf, produced at times much uneasiness as to the safety of 
cities along the American lines. The subject was referred to General Hooker, 
then in command of the military department, with headquarters at Detroit, 
which led to the following correspondence : 

(Telegram.) Detroit, Michigan, ) 

November 3d, 1864. ) 
Hon. E. M. Stanton, Secretary of War: 

Unless j'ou can suggest some better mode of raising a regiment for service on the line 
from foot of Lalie Huron to Maiden, I recomuiend that authority be given the Governor 
of Michiiran to raise a volunteer regiment for twelve months, unless sooner discharfjred. 

This additional force is absolutely necessary, and should be organized before Detroit 
river is frozen over. 

The Adjutant General of the State informs me that the regiment can be raised at once, 
and that arms, appointments, and clothing are now on hand for it. 

No lesser force can render the frontier of Michigan secure from the incursions of the 
disaffected in Canada. 

Please answer as soon as convenient. 

JOSEPH HOOKER, 
Major General Commanding. 

Detroit, Michigan, ) 
November 4th, 1S64. ) 
To His Excellency, the Governor of Michigan: 

Governor, — In consideration of the number of outlaws and sympathizers in Canada, 
and the exposed condition of the frontier, and the very limited immber of troops to guard 
it, I deemed it prudent to call on the Secretary of War to give you aulliority to raise a 
regiment of volunteers for twelve months, unless sooner discharged, for service in the 
State, intending to post them along Detroit river at such points as their services were 
most needed. 

In Older that you may be fully advised in regard to the matter, I enclose herewith a 
copy of my telegram, and also of the reply from the SecreUiry of War. I deemed it very 
important to the interests of your State that the regiment sliould be raised and equipped 
ready for service before the river is frozen over, ami liave no doubt you will coincide with 
me in this opinion, and will do all in your power to hasten the formation of the regiment. 

It is expected tliat the regiment will be raised and mustered into service In conformity 
with the laws now in force on the subject. I need not tell you that I am deeply anxious 
to have it ollicered by experienced and capable officers, as I hope to be able to make it a 

(485) 



486 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

regiment which will reflect credit on your gallant State and be of great service to it in 
time of need. Its honor and material interest will, in a great measure, be entrusted to- 
their care. 

In view of the election, I have thought proper to order 200 drafted men here from Jack- 
son, and shaU send the little steamer in the government employ, with a sm&ll detach- 
ment of men, up the river to-morrow as far as Port Huron, the men to go ashore and 
remain there until the polls are closed. These dispositions, I trust, will prevent any irreg- 
ularity at the polls at the points at which it is apprehended. 
I regret that I have no time to visit you in Jackson. 

Very respectfully, your obedient servant, 

JOSEPH HOOKER, 
Major General Commanding. 

(Telegram.) Washington, 11.05 A. M., } 

November 4th, 1S64. ) 
Major General Hooker: 

The adjutant general has been directed to Issue authority to the governor of Michigan 
to raise a regiment of twelve months volunteers, as recommended in your telegram of 
yesterday. 

E. M. STANTON, 
Official: Wm. H. Lawrbnoe, Major and A. D. C. Secretary of War. 

(Telegram.) War Depaetment, ) 

Pbovost Makshaij General's Office, >• 
Washington, D. C, November 4th, 1S64. ) 
Governor of Michigan, Detroit, Michigan: 

You are hereby authorized by the Secretary of War to raise a regiment of volunteer 
infantry for twelve months' service, unless sooner discharged. 

The recruitment, organization, and musters must conform with existing regulations. 
So soon as the regiment or any part of it is organized, it will be reported to Major Gen- 
eral Hooker, or the department commander, for duty under him until further orders. 
Bounties will be paid imder circular number twenty-seven from this office. 

J. B. FRY, 
Provost Marshal General. 
Copy by mail respectfully furnished. 
Thomas M. Vincent, Assistant Adjutant General. 

Under this authority the 30th Regiment was raised, being muctered intc 
the Uuited States service January 9th, 1865, having on its rolls 1,001 officers 
and men. 

FIELD ASD STAFF. 

Colonel, Grover S. Wormer, Detroit. Lieutenant Colonel, John D. Sumner, Charles- 
town. Major, Samuel E. Graves, Adrian. Surgeon, John WiUett, FUnt. Assistant Sur- 
geon, Theron T. Hubbard, Saginaw. Second Assistant Surgeon, Owen Ellison, Jr., Jack- 
son. Adjutant, Jerome W. Turner, Corunna. Quartermaster, William W. Wado, Joues- 
vUle. Chaplain, Lyman H. Dean, Morenci. 

The companies of the regiment were : 

A. Captain, William S. Atwood, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Henry G. Wormer, Detroit. 
Second Lieutenant, Elbert H. Pennell, Superior. 

B. Captain, WilUam Belles, Chesterfield. First Lieutenant, Charles C. Lamb, Mt. 
Clemens Second Lieutenant, Barlow Davis, Pittsfield. 

C. Captain, John M. Farland, Detroit. First Lieutenant, George W. Finley, Oshtemo, 
Second Lieutenant, William J. Clarke, Norlhville. 

D. Captain, David D. Marshall, Tecumseh. First Lieutenant, Simeon M. Babcock, 
Adrian. Second Lieutenant, Willis C. Humpiirey, Saline. 

E. Captain, John Pigney, Eagle River. First Lieutenant, William H. Smith, Farming- 
ton. Second Lieutenant, William A. Atchinson, Farmington. 

F. Captain, James T. Morgan, Muskegon, First Lieutenant, George Fowler, Fowler- 
vUle. Second Lieutenant, Albert D. Benjamin, Fowlerville. 

G. Captain, George A. Douglass, Hillsdale. First Lieutenant, William C. Campbell^ 
Hillsdale. Second Lieutenant, John A. Forbes, Hillsdale. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 487 

H. Captain, Henry T. Klmmel, Nlles. First Lieutenant, Ansel J. Kane, Richland. 
Second Lieutenant, John N. Ferris, Kalanaazoo. 

I. Captain, William E. Christian, Flint. First Lieutenant, George H. Brooks, Orange- 
ville. Second Lieutenant, Henry M. Mason, Flint. 

K. Captain, Fayette Smith, Bridgeport. First Lieutenant, Laael 0. Brewer, Owoaeo. 
Second Lieutenant, John H. Barnes, Portland. 

This regiment was well ofiBcered by men who had all seen more or less ser- 
vice at the front, and also included a proporliou of enlisted men who had 
likewise been in service. 

Its recruitment was under the direction of Colonel G. S. Wormer, with ren- 
dezvous at Jackson, which was afterwards changed to Detroit, where the 
organization was completed January 9th, 1865. The companies were stationed 
at different points along the Detroit and St. Clair rivers and in other parts of 
the State, as follows : A and B at Fort Gratiot, D at St. Clair, E at Wyan- 
dotte, K at Jackson, H at Fenton, G in Detroit, and C, F, and I at Detroit 
barracks. The regimental headquarters were for some time at Jackson, then 
at Detroit, and on January 24th were removed to Fort Gratiot. The regi- 
ment continued on duty at those points until June 80th following, when it 
was mustered out of service. • 

The 30th had 1,001 officers and men on its rolls, and lost 1 officer and 17 
men of disease. 

" Far dearer the grave or the prison, 
Illumed by one patriot name, 
Than the trophies of all, who have risen 
On liberty's ruins to fame.* 



REGIMENT COLORED INFANTRY. 

(lO^D U. S.) 



" God of battles! let Thy might 
Protect our armies in the fight — 
Till they shall win the victory, 
And set the hapless bondman free." 

War Depaetment, ) 
Washington, July 24th, 1863, ) 
GovEBNOR, — H. Bams, Esq., of Detroit, has applied to this department for authority 
to raise a regiment of colored troops in your State. The department is very anxious that 
such regiments should be raised, and authorizes you to raise them by volunteering under 
the regulations of the department, a copy of which is submitted to you by the chief of 
the bureau, and it would be gratifying if you should give such authority to Mr. Barns. 
It seems to me that there has been some misunderstanding upon this subject, and I am 
informed that you were under the impression that the department would not authorize it. 
Until suitable arrangements could be made for the organization of a bureau, it was not 
deemed advisable to raise such troops, but the organization of colored troops is now a 
distinct bureau in the department, and as fully recognized as any other branch of the 
military service, and every encouragement is given by the department to the raising of 
such troops. 

Yours truly, 

EDWIN M. STANTON, 

Secretary of War. 
His Excellency, Austin Bijaib, 

Governor of Michigan, Jackson, 



War Department, 
Adjutant General's Office, 
Washington, D. C, July 2oth, 1863 



i 



His Excellency, Austin Blair, Oovernor of Michigan, Jackson, Mich.: 

Sir, — I am instructed by the Secretary of War to inform you that you are hereby 
authorized to raise one regiment of infantry to be composed of colored men, to be mus- 
tered into the United States service for three years, or during the war. 

To these troops no bounties will be paid. They wiU receive ten dollars per month and 
one ration per day, three dollars of which monthly pay may be in clothing. 

The organization of the regiment must conform in all respects with the requirements 
of General Orders No. 110, War Department, 1863, a copy of which is herewith enclosed. 

The prescribed number of commissioned officers will be appouited in accordance with 
the provisions of General Orders Nos. 143 and 144, War Department, current series, 
copies of which please find enclosed. The officers thus appointed wiU be mustered into 
service on the presentation to the mustering officer of their appointments, signed by the 
Secretary of War. The appointments wiU be made to keep pace with the muster into 
service of the several companies. Thus, on information being received from you that the 
first company has been mustered into service, the necessary appointments for that com- 
pany will be made. When four companies have been mustered in the lieutenant colonel 
of the regiment will be appointed, and so on in accordance with the "Revised Mustering 
Eegulations," 

(488) 



:CHIOAN, ) 
!3. J 



MICHIGAN IN THE \VAR. 489 

To facilitate the appointment of the officers, it is respectfully suggested that it would 
be well to forward to the Adjutant General of the army, as early as practicable, the names 
of such persons as you wish to have examined for appointment, and permission will be 
Immediately given them to appear before the examining board now in session in Cincin- 
nati, or the board in session in Washington, if more convenient for the parties. 
I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, 

C. W. FOSTER, 
Assistant Adjutant General. 

MlLITABT DePAKTMENT, MiCHIOAN, 

Adjutant GENEKAii's Office, 
Detroit, Aug. 12, 1863. 
Henry Barnes, Esq., Detroit: 

SiK, — The Governor of this State has been requested by the Secretary of War, in a 
letter under date of the 24th ultimo, to give you authority to raise a regiment of colored 
troops in this State. 

I am instructed by the Governor to inform you that you are fully authorized and 
empowered to raise and organize such a regiment, under the instructions from the War 
Department which are herewith enclosed, and under such restrictions as the Governor 
may deem proper to enjoin on you. 

Very respectfully, your obed't serv't, JNO. KOBERTSON, 

Adjutant deneral. 

Under this anthority Michigan raised the colored regiment originally known 
as the 1st Michigan Colored Infantry, but afterwards its designation was 
changed by order of the War Department to the 10:^d Regiment United States 
Colored Troops. 

The recruitment of the regiment was commenced August 12, 1863, under 
the direction of Colonel Barns, in pursuance of the orders of that date, and on 
completion was mustered into the service of the United States February 17th 
following, 895 strong, the officers receiving their commissions from the War 
Department. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Colonel, Henry Barns, Detroit. Lieutenant Colonel, WilHara T. Bennett, Charleston, 
S. C. Major, Newcom Clark, Clarkston, Surgeon, Wesley Vincent, Oberlin, Oiiio. 

Assistant Surgeon, Edward P. Jennings, . Adjutant, James A. McKnight. Ann Arbor. 

^Quartermaster, Patrick McLaughlin, Detroit. Chaplain, Svilliam Waring, Oberlin, Ohio. 

The companies were as follows: 

A. Captain, Chester J. Murray, Marshall, First Lieutenant, Orson W. Bennett, 
Charlestown, S. C. Second Lieutenant, George A. Southworth, Bath. 

B. Captain, David C. Benjamin, Columbus, Ohio. First Lieutenant, Henry D. Benham, 
. Second Lieutenant, Peter E. Mead, Ypsilanti. 

0. Captain, Jonathan B. Tultle, Alpena. First Lieutenant, Edward Cahiil, St. Johns. 
Second Lieutenant, Charles L. Burrell, Leighton. 

D. Captain, Arad E. Lindsay, . First Lieutenant, Abner Van Dyke, Mai-shall. 

Second Lieutenant, Wm. E. Sleight, Bath. 

E. Captain, Edward J. McKendrio, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Amos Andrews, New 
York City, N. Y. Second Lieutenant, Oscar A. Davis, Savannah, Ga. 

F. Captain, James F. Bradley, Chicago, 111. Fii'st Lieutenant, Samuel B. Curtiss, 
Howell. Second Lieutenant, Caleb Grilliih, Lowell. 

G. Captain, , . First Lieutenant, Edward S. Jewett, Niles. 

Second Lieutenant, James H. Gilbert, . 

H. Captain, Thomas M. Barker. Grand Rapids. First Lieutenant, Emory D. Bryant, 
Grand Rapids. Second Lieutenant, Voluey Powers, Hillsdale. 

1. Captain, Wilber Nelson, Arcada. First Lieutenant, Oilman T. Holmes, Gaiues. 
Second Lieutenant, Edward Dubendorf, Coldwater. 

K, Captain, Calvin S. Montague, Kalamazoo. First Lieutenant, , . 

Second Lieutenant, George W. Stoneburner, Grand Rapids. 

" Our hearts are aflame as our good swords we bare — 
For Freedom! for Freedom! echoes the air, » 

The bugle rings clearly, our banners float liigh; 
On, comrades, all forward! we'll triumph or diel " 

62 



490 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

The regiment left its rendezvous at Detroit, on the 28th of March, 1864, ia 
command of Lieutenant Colonel Bennett, and joined the 9fch army corps at 
Annapolis, Md., and remained at that place until the 15th of April, when it 
was detached from that corps and embarked on transports for Hilton Head, 
S. C, arriving there on the 19th of that month. 

Colonel Barns having resigned, Captain Henry L. Chipman, U. S. Army, 
was commissioned as colonel, assuming command on the 15th of April. 

Detachments of the regiment were employed on picket duty on St. Helena 
and Jenkins Islands, and at Seabrook and Spanish Wells, on Hilton Head 
Island for a month. It was then ordered to garrison the fortifications at Port 
Royal. It also assisted in erecting here a second line of fortifications. Ou 
the 15th of June the regiment moved to Beaufort, on Port Royal Island. It 
was here employed in camp and fatigue duty, as provost guard, and a portion 
of the time as garrison, until the 1st of August. Embarking at this date, 
the regiment proceeded to Jacksonville, Florida, where it arrived on the 3d. 
On the following day it marched to Baldwin, a railroad junction, 21 miles 
from Jacksonville, where it was engaged on picket duty and in destroying rail- 
road track. On the 11th of the month it was suddenly attacked by a force of 
rebel cavalry, which it easily repulsed and scattered, and by its splendid con- 
duct on that occasion fully convinced its oflBcers of the reliable and gallant 
fighting qualities of their men. 

Leaving Baldwin on the 15th, the regiment participated in an expedition 
through the eastern part of Florida, making a circuit of nearly one hundred 
miles in five days, and reached the St. Johns river at Magnolia, thirty-five 
miles above Jacksonville. It remained at Magnolia ten days, and during this 
time built a fort and performed other fatigue duty. Re-embarking for Beau- 
fort, S. C, the regiment reached there on the morning of the 31st. On the 
1st of September it was again sent to the front on picket duty, in which it was 
engaged, at different points on Coosa, Lady's and Port Royal Islands. The 
rebels made an attempt, early in October, to land and surprise, under cover of 
night, the detachment of the regiment on duty at Lady's Island, but were dis- 
covered, and after a brisk skirmish, driven off. 

The headquarters of this regiment on November 1st, 1864, were at Beaufort, 
S. C, and the several companies thereof were doing picket duty on the out- 
]iosts of Port Royal, Lady's, and Coosa Islands during that month and Decem- 
ber. On the 30th of November a detachment of the regiment, consisting of 
twelve officers and three hundred men left Beaufort and joined General Fos- 
ter's cooperating column at Boyd's Landing, and was engaged with the enemy 
at Honey Hill, S. C, on November 30th following, at Tillifinny December 7th, 
and at Devaux Neck on the 9th by a detachment of the regiment consisting of 
twelve officers and three hundred men, that had been sent from Beaufort to 
join the forces of General Foster. This detachment was commanded by Cap- 
tain Montague, Colonel Chipman being in command of a brigade. At the 
points named the officers and men referred to, most gallantly engaged a supe- 
}ior force of the enemy, sustaining an aggregate loss in these affairs of sixty- 
five in killed and wounded; Captain A. E. Lindsay being among the killed 
and Lieutenant II. H. Alvord among the severely wounded. 

A correspondent wrote as follows: 

" While reflecting upon some reports which have just reached me from the front, where 
we have a detail of 3UU men from our regiment, under command of Colonel Chipmau, I 
reverted back to the time of the organization of the 102d. During that time It was almost 
a by-word, and those connected with it subjects of derision. But now its praises are on. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 491 

every one's lips, and here, at least, it is an honor to belong to what was once known aa 
the 1st Michigan Colored Ree:iment. 

" You have already heard, no doubt, that another expedition has been set on foot in 
this department, the object of which is to interrupt the Savannah and Charleston railroad, 
and, if possible, destroy it altogether. Thf expedition numbered, all told, about 0,000 
men, mostly colored troops. It landed at first on what is called Boyd's Bluff, a neck of 
land nearly opposite to Port Royal Ferry. Our forces advanced along this neck of hind 
for several miles in the direction of Gorhamsville, which is a station on the above men- 
tioned road. There had been skirmishinj? for most of the way, but hero they met the 
enemy in force and here a sanguinary battle was fought, which was the first real fight in 
which our regiment was ever engaged. On one side of our little detail of 300 men the 
54th Massachusetts (colored) was drawn up, on the other a white regiment, the 127th New 
York. Here our forces sustained a charge from the enemy, and charged in turn. In thiti 
affair the 102d covered themselves with glory. It is acknowledged without stint on all 
hands that our regiment maintained the steadiest line of battle and fought with the great- 
est determination of any troops on the ground. Many who were wounded quite severely 
refused to go to the rear, but kept on fighting, while the blood was flowing from their 
wounds. But the enemy's position was found too strong to be taken, and our forces were 
withdrawn. The enemy's fire having been very severe upon our artillor)', and so many 
horses having been killed, they were obliged to abandon two pieces of artillery on the 
field, and while all were falling back, and after the retreat had been sounded, two compa- 
nies of the 102d hauled ofi' the two pieces of artillery by hand. For several days lighting 
and skirmishing were kept up quite briskly near the same place, during which time the 
l(i2d not only maintained their credit, but were constantly gathering new laurels. The 
white regiment which fought next to ours held our men in the highest estimation, and 
expressed their preference to fight beside our regiment rather than any other regiment in 
the department. 

" The attempt to reach the railroad by this route was finally abandoned, and the troops 
were taken to a point near Pocatallago Bridge, and landed on a strip of land called Bull's 
Neck. Here again they had several skirmishes and one severe fight, where the 102d 
fought as well as any troops ever fought, no other Michigan regiment excepted. There 
were men in my company who were shot through and through the fleshy part of the arm 
who have not gone to the hospital, but after having their wounds dressed have come to 
their company quarters, remained there, and seemed scarcely to notice their wounds. If 
such a thing had occurred in the regiment I formerl)' belonged to, such a wound would 
have been good for a three-months' stay in some hospital at Philadelphia or Baltimore. 
There are others who are wounded in the neck and side, but still have the full use of their 
limbs, who would go back to the field at once if they were permitted to do so. The same 
is true of men of every company of the regiment. Now such bravery I never saw before. 
I have known men to fight as weU and bravely as men ever fought, but never before have 
I known men to fight on after being severely wounded, and anxious to return to the field 
as soon as their wounds were dressed. After having been three and a half years in the 
field and pai ticipated in sixteen different engagements, I never before saw men exhibit 
such unyielding bravery in battle. 

" Colonel Chipman has also gained great credit on account of the exploits of his little 
band, and in consequence thereof has, as I understand, been recommended for a Briga- 
diership. " 

On January 19th, 1805, the several companies doing duty at the outposts 
referred to returned to Beaufort, and on the 21st the regiment left that point 
for Devaux Neck, where the detacliment which liad been with (jeneral Foster's 
column rejoined it on the 24th, and on the 28th the regiment started for 
Pocotalligo, reaching there the same day, where it remained until Fehruary 
?ih, when it crossed the Salkehatchie river and marched live miles along tlio 
line of the Cliarieston and Savannah railroad in the direction of Charleston, 
where it established a strong picket, and throwing up breastworks encamped 
for the night, and on the Sth Companies B, E, and 1, iu command of Major 
Clark, made a reconnoissance to the right and front and near to Cuckwold 
Creek, where the enemy's cavalry picket was met and attacked, whicli after a 
short skirmish withdrew behind the rebel works. The regiment having 
destroyed the railroad and built breastworks near Cuckjvold Creek remained 
there until the 14th, when it marched to the Ashepoo river and built a bridge 



492 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

across that stream, and on the 20th proceeding towards Charleston, reached 
the Ashley river on the 23d, which it crossed on the 27th and marched to the 
defenses on Charleston Neck, where it remained until March 9th, and was 
then ordered to take transports for Savannah, Ga., the right wing arriying at 
that point on the 11th and the left wing on the 16th. The regiment 
remained at Savannah engaged on picket and fatigue duty until the 28th, 
when on receipt of orders, it embarked on transports for Georgetown, S. C, 
arriving there April 1st. On the 7th, the right wing, in command of Colonel 
Chipman, was ordered on board transports for Charleston, and reaching there 
on the 9th encamped on Charleston Neck. 

From the 11th to the 18th the right wing, in command of Colonel Chipman, 
was engaged on a most hazardous and daring expedition from Charleston, S. 
C., to join General Potter on the Santee river, striking it at Nelson's Ferry, 
distant about seventy miles. The march was made through the country held 
by the enemy, the command subjected to great danger of attack from superior 
force, and of being cutoff from all reinforcements and overwhelmed, enduring 
much hardship and fatigue, and meeting a large body of the enemy's cavalry, 
which, after a brisk and vigorous fight, were driven off. Encountering the 
rebels again on the 18th, while on the march in the direction of Camden, a 
skirmish ensued. On the 19th the command succeeded in rejoining the left 
wing. 

The left wing had marched from Georgetown on the 5th, commanded by 
Major Clark, with an expedition under command of General Potter. After 
much hard marching and considerable skirmishing with the enemy on the 8th, 
15th, and 17th, and on the 18th near Manchester, met the enemy in force at 
Boykius, when, with the 54tli Massachusetts colored infantry, it flanked the 
rebels, attacking them with much spirit and gallantry, driving them in great 
disorder in the direction of Statesburg. Next day the two wings again 
united, and under command of Colonel Chipman came up with the enemy 
near Singleton's plantation, when a successful flank moyement was made by 
the regiment, which resulted, after a most gallant brush, in forcing him to 
abandon a strong position and in routing him most thoroughly. 

The regiment being encamped on the 20th ana 21st, having Companies A, 
B, and C (under command of Major Clark) on the picket line, on the morn- 
ing of the 21st, Company A was attacked by two hundred of the enemy, 
whom it handsomely repulsed. At 12 M., on the 21st, the enemy sent in a 
flag of truce, with dispatches from General Beauregard stating that Generals 
Sherman and Johnston had ceased hostilities, when the column marched back 
to Georgetown, arriving there on the 25th. 

On the 29th the regiment received orders to proceed to Charleston, and next 
day embarked on transports, arriving at that point the same day, ami went 
into camp on Charleston Neck, where it remamed until May 7Lii, and then 
broke camp and marched for Summerville, and reaching there on the 8th, 
encamped until the 18th, then proceeded by rail to Branchville, and thence 
on the 25th to Orangeburg, where it was engaged on provost guard and fatigue 
duty until July 28th, when it marched for Winnsboro, arriving there on the yd 
of August, and during the remainder of that month was engaged on the same 
duties as at Orangeburg. Some time in the month following the reyimout 
returned to Charleston, where it was mustered out of service September 3ut,h, 
and proceeded to Michigan, arriving on October 17th at Detroit, where it was 
paid off and disbandfid. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 493 

It was in engagements during its term of service at Baldwin, Fla., August 
8, 1864; Honey Hill, S. U., November 30, 1SG4; Tullifinny, S. C, December 
7, 1864; Devaux Neck, S. C, December 9, I8(i4; Cuckwold's Creek Bridge, 
February 8, 1865; Sumterville, S. C, April 8, 1865; Spring Hill, S. C.,' 
April 15, 1865; Swift Creek, S. C, April 17, 1SG5; Boykiu's, S. C, April 
18, 1865; Singleton's Plantation, S. C, April 19, 1865. 

This regiment had borne on the rolls 1,446 officers and men and lost 140, of 
which 2 officers and 4 men were killed in action, 5 men died of wounds, and 1 
officer and 128 men died of disease. 

•• We rose and rushed unto her aid, 
White faces sank into the grave, 
Black faces, too, and all were brave. 
Their red blood thrilled Columbia's heart; 
It could not tell the two apart." 



ENGINEERS AND MECHANICS. 



*' stand by the Flag! all doubt and treason scorning; 
Believe, with courage firm and faith subiiiue, 
That it will float until the eternal morning 
Pales in its glories, all the hghts of time!" 

The organization of the Michigan Engineers was especially authorized by 
the War Department, and to be composed principally of engineers and 
mechanics. 

The authority to raise it, with the sanction of the Governor of the State, 
was given to General William P. Innes, of Grand Rapids, a practical civil 
engineer, who was appointed colonel, and vested with full power to designate 
his officers, to be commissioned by the Governor. 

The recruitment of the regiment commenced in August, 1861, which pro- 
gressed rapidly, and by the end of October following was reported ready for 
muster, which was accomplished on the 11th of December by Captain H. R. 
Mizner, U. S. army, the muster to take effect from tlie 29th of October. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Colonel, William P. Innes, Grand Rapids. Lieutenant Colonel, Kinsman A. Hunton, 
Marshall. Major, Enos Hopkins, Jaclison. Surgeon, "Wilham H. De Camp, Grand 
Eapids. Assistant Surgeon, WiUoughby O'Donougliue, Albion. Adjutant, Clement F. 
Miller, Kalamazoo. Quartermaster, Ilobert S. Innes, Grand Eapids. Chaplain, David B. 
Tracy, Petersburg. 

A. Captain, John B. Yates, Ionia. First Lieutenant, Frederick W. Huxford, Albion. 
Second Lieutenant, Horace C. Gilson, Albion. 

B. Captain, Baker Borden, Grand Rapids. First Lieutenant, John W. "WiUiamson, 
Grand Rapids. Second Lieutenant, John W. McCrath, Grand Eapids. 

C. Captain, "Wright L. Coffinberry, Grand Eapids. First Lieutenant, James D. Eobin- 
son. Grand Eapids. Second Lieutenant, Edwin Baxter, Grand Eapids. 

D. Captain, Pen-in V. Fox, Grand Eapids. First Lieutenant, Joseph C. Herkner, 
Grand Eapids. Second Lieutenant, William T. Hess, Grand Eapids. 

E. Captain, Silas Canfield, Ionia. First Lieutenant, , . Second 

Lieutenant, Albert B. Culver, Ionia. 

F. Captain, James W. Sligh, Grand Eapids. First Lieutenant, Albert H. Kimball, 
Grand Eapids. Second Lieutenant, , . 

G. Captain, Garrett Hanniuf^s, Kalamazoo. First Lieutenant, EUas H. Broadwell, 
Kalamazoo. Second Lieutenant, Franklin Fisk, Kalamazoo. 

H. Captain, Marcus Grant, Jackson. First Lieutenant, Edson S. Frary, Petersburg. 
Second Lieutenant, , . 

I. Captain, Heman Palmerlee, Grand Rapids. First Lieutenant, , . 

Second Lieutenant, Theodore H. Prall, Poiitiac. 

K. Captain, limery O. Crittenden, Mnrsliall. First Lieutenant, Lorenzo D. Mason, 
Boston. Second Lieutenant, Arthur Conneil>', Grand Eapids. 

L. Captain, , . First Lieutenant, EUas H. Broadwell, Kalamazoo 

(by transfer). Second Lieutenant, , . 

(494) 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 495 

M. Captain, Edson P. Clifford, Grand Rapids. First Lieutenant, Daniel M. Moore, 
Rome. Second Lieutenant, Douglas Nelson, Isabella City. Second Lieutenant, Caleb 
A. Ensign, Jonesviile. 

Soon after the muster, and at a review of the regiment by Governor Blair 
and staff, at the camp near Marshall, the regiment was presented by Colonel 
Innes with a silk flag in a very eloquent speech by the Hon. F. \V. Sherman 
of that city, which was ably responded to in a very Gttiiig manner, by Lieuten- 
ant Colonel K. A. Hunton, in the absence of the Colonel. 

The regiment in command of Colonel Innes left Marshall, the place of ren- 
dezvous, with an aggregate strength of 1,032 on December 17th following, 
under orders to report to General Buell, commanding the Department of the 
Ohio at Louisville, Ky., and on reporting, the regiment was assigned to duty ia 
four detachments. 

One in command of the Colonel to report to General McCook, commanding 
division at Munfordsville, Ky., consisting of non-commissioned staff and com- 
panies B, E, and I. 

One of three companies in command of Lieutenant Colonel Hunton, to 
report to General Thomas, commanding 1st division army of the Ohio, at 
Lebanon, Ky., comprising companies D, F, and G. 

A third under Major Hopkins, to report to General Nelson, commanding 
third division, at New Haven, Ky., with companies C and H. 

While the other in command of Captain Juo. B. Yates was directed to 
report to General Mitchell, commanding fourth division at Bacon Creek, Ky., 
"with companies A and K. 

During the month of January, 1862, these detachments were engaged on 
various duties. That under General Mitchell comprised the first Union troops 
to enter Bowling Green immediately following its evacuation by the confeder- 
ates, while that with General Thomas was in the battle of Mill Springs, Ky., 
January 19th. 

On February 14th, the headquarters with companies B, E, and I, left Mun- 
fordsville, marching in the direction of West Point, but on the following day 
the order -was countermanded and the line of march taken up for Bowling 
Green, and on February 28th marched for Nashville, where the whole regi- 
ment was concentrated, and was engaged during March in building railroad 
bridges at Franklin, Columbia, Murfreesboro, and at other points, while iu 
the meantime the headquarters were at Nashville. 

On April 3d, Colonel Innes, with his field and staff and companies B, C, E, 
I, and H, left Nashville, and at Columbia companies D, F, and G, joined the 
regiment when it commenced the march, with Buell's army of the Oliio, for the 
field of Shiloh, Mississippi, reaching there on the 15th. On this march tiiey 
built several road bridges, and the rapidity with wiiich tiie work was accom- 
plished enabled General Buell to reach the field of Shiloh in time to rescue the 
army of General Grant from destruction, and out of a disastrous defeat bring- 
ing a complete victory. 

On taking leave of the Army of the Ohio, General Buell made personal men- 
tion of Colonel Innes, Lieutenant Colonel Hunton, and Major Hopkins, com- 
plimenting them highly, and giving to the regiment great credit. They were 
the only field officers of whom he made personal mention, and the regiment was 
the only one which he mentioned specially. In the meantime companies A and 
K, in command of Major Yates, liad marched from Nashville, with General 
Mitchell's division, by way of Murfreesboro to Huutsville, Alabama, and were 



496 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

employed during May in running trains on the Memphis and Charleston and 
Nashville and Decatur railroals. 

The other eight companies were occupied during the month in moving, with 
the army, from Shiloh, to the front at Corinth, being employed in the mean- 
time in building corduroy roads and placing siege guns in position. 

On the 1st of June these companies started from Corinth, marching toward 
Decatur, Alabama, on the line of the Mississippi and Charleston railroad, mak- 
ing repairs as they advanced, building bridges and trestles at various points, 
and during the month had made a total length of about 3,000 feet, varying 
from 56 to 12 feet in height j that on Bear creek being erected in 16 feet of 
water. 

In addition, several bridges were repaired and the railroad put in running 
order as far east as Decatur, and with the exception of a bridge over the Ten- 
nessee, as far as Stevenson. 

The regiment had lost by death during the month, one of wounds and four 
of disease. 

In Jnly the whole regiment was at Huntsville, the companies engaged in 
making bridges, repairing track, and running trains on the Tennessee and Ala- 
bama, and Memphis and Charleston railroads, building over 1,800 feet of 
bridges on the former, ranging from 750 to 100 feet in length, and from 30 to 
60 feet in height, cleared out the tunnel of the T. and A. railroad, building 
700 feet of trestle 65 feet high, and laid three miles of railroad track. In this 
month its loss was nine died of disease. 

In August, the regiment was moved from Huntsville, with the exception of 
Company E, Captain Lucius F. Mills, which remained at work on the fortifi- 
cations, the other companies being detached to different points. On the 20th 
the colonel, with Companies A, B, D, G, and H, marched for Nashville, arriv- 
ing there on the 22d, and commenced building bridges on the Louisville and 
Nashville railroad, and continued until the middle of September. Companies 
C, F, I, and K, which had been left at Stevenson in command of the liieu- 
tenant Colonel, took up their line of march and joined the regiment near Gal- 
latin, and then on the march to Bowling Green. On the 16th the march was 
again commenced by the whole regiment, on the Buell and Bragg campaign, 
in the following order : Companies B, E, I, and K in command of the Colonel 
and attached to General Crittenden's corps, via Danville ; D, P, and G, with 
General Sill's command, via Frankfort, under the Lieutenant Colonel; and 
A, C, and H in command of the Major, with General Rosseau's corps, arriving 
on the 25th at Louisville. 

On the Ist of October the regiment left Louisville in the order and under 
the commanders referred to. The detachment composed of A, C, and H, in 
command of Major Hopkins, took part in the battle of Perry ville, October 8th, 
supporting Loomis's battery, with a loss of seventeen wounded. 

The regiment being again brought together at Perryville about October 12tb 
was not divided during the month, marching for Nashville, arriving there on 
the ]2th, going into camp at Edgefield. On the 22d of November it proceeded 
to Mill Creek, near Nashville, and there built nine bridges, remaining in camp 
at that point the remainder of the month, losing during that time two by 
wounds and seventeen by disease. 

The regiment remained at Mill Creek until December 31st, when it was 
ordered to Luvergne, where on January Ist, 1863, it became most signally dis- 
tinguished, and Its gallant conduct on that occasion gives it a most noted page 
in the history of the war. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 497 

Wliilo the battle of Stone river was progressing. Colonel Tnnes, on December 
31st, one of the days of tliat light, received orders from General Kosecrans to 
take a position with his regiment in rear of the main urmy at Lavergne, on 
the road between Nasliville and Alurfreesboro to protect the baggage trains. 

Having but a small force and expecting to be attacked at any niument, Col- 
onel Innis deemed it prudent to at once take such precautions for his defense 
as the limited time and his condition would admit of, and with tliis in view, 
had. early on the morning of January 1st, his wagon train in position in form 
of a half-circle, and had hastily constructed some breastworks of logs and 
brush, with other loose materials gathered up around his camp, and quietly 
awaited the coming events of that memorable New Year's morning, which 
have given to him and his regiment such an enviable page in the history of the 
war. 

While thus anxiously waiting, a large advancing rebel force made its appear- 
ance, and the hastily improvised corral was soon attacked by the troops of 
Major General Wheeler, comprising from three to four thousand cavalry with 
a section of liglit artillery, their object, as was afterwards ascertained, being 
to plunder and burn the trains pasamg ou the piko laden with supplies for 
Kosecrans' s army. 

The regiment did not number over 315 officers and men, but it fought this 
greatly superior force until dark, with a loss of only one killed and six 
wounded, defeating every attempt at capture, until the darkness compelled 
their withdrawal with heavy loss, estimated at something over a hundred in 
killed and wounded. During the engagement, which lasted for five hours, the 
enemy made seven separate and distinct charges, sometimes forcing their horses 
on the very breastworks, but which were as often gallantly repelled. While 
these charges were being made by the cavalry their artillery was kept con- 
stantly at j)lay, witli considerable effect, killing some forty or more horses and 
mules and damaging wagons. 

General Wheeler three times sent a flag of truce to Colonel Lines demand- 
ing a surrender, each tmie claiming an increase of his force and threatening 
the consequences of a refusal, to which the Colonel invariably replied, in a 
most dehant manner, "1 can't see it, so long as my ammunition holds out." 

By this gallant tight the entire rear of the army and nearly all its baggage 
train were saved. 

In Gei.eral Kosecrans's official report of Stone Eiver is the following: 

"The 1st Regiment of Michigan Engineers and Mechanics, at Lavergne, under com- 
mand of (Jolouel Innes, fighting behind a shght protection ol wagons and brush, gallantly 
repulsed a charge Irom more than ten times their number of Wheeler's cavaliy," 

A correspondent at the time says: 

" The scene was at times thrilling bej'ond description. The rebel horde, exasperated 
at the successful resistance of the little force, daslied th"ir horses against the circular 
brush fence, which was only breast high, with infuriated sliouts and curses. But the 
Michigan troops were cool and determined; they loaded last and aimed well, and, as 
the troopers rushed on upon all sides, they were met with staggering volh^ys almost at 
the muzzle of the muskets. Horses and riders recoiled again and again until Ihey des- 
[laired, and soon swept away through the dense forests, leaving over lifly of their dead 
upon the held, wliich were buried by our forces. The ground all arouml ihat small circle 
of blush was strewn with dead horses of the rebel troojjers, and with their clothing, guns, 
etc. Truly this was ouo of the most gallant affair's of the campaign." 

Mr. Greeley, in his excellent work, "The American Coiillict," notices Col- 
onel iuues's extraoruinary Uclui.so at Lavciguc, ami says: 
63 



\ 



498 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

" On the whole, the enemy's operations in the rear of our army during this memorable 
conflict (battle of Stone Eiyer) reflect no credit on the intelligence and energy with which 
they were resisted. ' The silver lining to this cloud ' is a most gallant defense made on 
the 1st January by Colonel Innes's 1st Michigan Engineers and Mechanics, only 391 strong, 
who had taken post on high ground near Lavergne, and formed such a barricade^of cedar, 
etc., as they hurriedly might. Here they were attacked, at 2 P. M., by Wharton's cav- 
alry, whom they successfully resisted and beat off. Wharton's official report is their best 
eulogium. He was in command of six or eight regiments. Wharton says: ' A regiment 
of infantry, under Colonel Dennis (Innes) also was stationed in a cedar brake and fortifi- 
cations near this point. I caused the battery under Lieutenant Pike, who acted with 
great gallantry, to open on it. The fire, at a range of not more than 400 yards, was kept up 
for more than an hour, and must have resulted in great damage to the enemy. I caused 
the enemy to be charged on three sides at the same time by Colonels Cox and Smith and 
Lieutenant- Colonel Malone, and the charge was repeated four times; but the enemy was 
so strongly posted that it was found impossible to dislodge them.' " 

From the ''Aunals of the Army of the Cumberland," a work published 

since the war: 

"While the battle was raging before Murfreesboro, a most brilliant and decisive affair 
occurred at Lavergne— which the reader will remember, is a small village lying midway 
between Murfreesboro and Nashville, on the direct pike. The 1st Michigan Engineers 
and Mechanics had been left at that place to protect communication, and had taken posi- 
tion on an elevated piece of ground in the rear of the village, surrounding themselves 
with a barricade of brush much in the nature of a common brush fence. The command 
numbered three hundred and ninety-one officers and men. About two o'clock in the 
ai'ternoon, the rebel General Wheeler, who had been busying himself in destroying trains 
upon the road, suddenly appeared before Colonel Innes's improvised fort with a force of 
about three thousand men, and two pieces of artillery, demanding an immediate surrender. 
This was refused, and a charge made upon the garrison; but the rebels were spiritedly 
repulsed and driven into the neighboring thickets. Seven times the en<"^iy attempted to 
carry the flimsy work, and seven times they were driven back with hea \ y ;oss. " 

Under an act of Congress passed in 1862, regiments and independent com- 
panies which had been " mustered into the service of the United States as 
volunteer engineers, pioneers, or sappers and miners," were ** recognized and 
accepted as volunteer engineers, on the same footing in all respects, in regard 
to their organization, pay, and emoluments as the corps of engineers of the 
regular army of the IFnited States." The standard of organization thus 
established allowed the 1st Michigan Engineers and Mechanics twelve com- 
panies of 150 enlisted men each. 

From January 1st to June 29, 1863, the regiment was stationed at Lavergne, 
Murfreesboro, Smyrna, and at a point near Nashville, on the Tennessee and 
Alabama railroad. During tliis time it built nine bridges, a number of mag- 
azines, buildings for commissary, quartermaster, and ordnance stores, and 
repaired and relaid a large amount of railroad track. June 29th the regi- 
ment received orders to move south from Murfreesboro to open and repair the 
line of the Nashville and Chattanooga railroad. During July and August it 
was engaged in repairing the railroad from Murfreesboro to Bridgeport. In 
July the regiment built five bridges, one of which, over Elk river, was 460 
feet in length, and one at Duck liiver Crossing 350 feet in length. During 
September and October detached companies were employed in building a 
bridge at Chattanooga, making pontoons for a bridge at Bridgeport, construct- 
ing commissary buildings at Stevenson, building and repairing bridges, etc., on 
lines of the Nashville and Chattanooga, and the Nashville and North- 
western railroads. October 31st the headquarters of the regiment were at Elk 
Eiver Bridge, Tenn. During the year, in addition to the work mentioned, 
the regiment got out a large amount of timber for buildings, and a great 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 499 

tnimber of railroad ties, and performed a very large amount of repairing to 
railroad tracks and stations. 

While Bragg's army was investing Chattanooga it became necessary to open 
a more direct route to tlie base of supplies of the Union army at Bridgeport, 
and to secure the full control of the Teniu'ssee river, then infested by rebel 
troops between those points and cutting off supplies from the almost starving 
Union army. 

With this in view General Hooker crossed at Bridgeport on tiie 2Gth of 
October, ISGo, with all the force he could muster, mainly made up from the 
11th and 12th corj)S, and advancing direct to Wauhatchie, in Lookout Valley, 
menacing Bragg with a flank attack and reaching Wauhatchie on the 28th. 
Meantinie 4,0(.)U men had been detailed to General Smith, of whom 1,800, under 
General llazen, were embarked on 52 pontoon boats at Chattanooga, and at 
the proper time floated quietly down the river during the night ot the 26th, 
passed the rebel pickefs on the outlook along the left bank, and landing ou the 
north side at Brown's Ferr}', got possession of the hills overiooknig it. 

General Hazen says in his report: 

" At 12 o'clock at night (2Gth) the command was awakened and marched to the landing 
and quietly embarked under th^ superintendence of Colonel T. E. Stanly, of the Ibih 
Ohio Volunteers. 

" At precisely three o'clock A. M. the flotilla, consisting of fifty-two boats, moved noise- 
lessly out. I desired to reach the point of landing at a little before dayhght, and soon 
learned that the current would enable me to do so without using the oars. Alter moving 
three miles, we came under the guns of the enemy's pickets; but keeping well under the 
opposite shore, were not discovered by them until the first boat was within ten feet of the 
landing, when the picket fired a volley, harmlessly, over the heads of the men. The dis- 
embarkation was effected rapidly, and in perfect order, each party performing correctly the 
part assigned it with so little loss of time that the entire crest was occupied, my skir- 
mish line out, and the axes working before the remtorcements of the enemy, a little over 
the hill, came foi-ward to drive us back. 

" At this time they came boldly up along nearly our entire front, but particularly strong 
along the road, gaining the hill to tlie right of it, and would have caused harm to the 
party on the road had not Colonel Langdon, 1st Ohio Volunteers, commanding the remain- 
ing portion of the brigade, arrived at this moment, and after a gallant but short engage- 
ment driven the enemy well over into the valley, gaining the riglit-hand hill. They made 
a stubborn fight all along the hill, but were easily driven away with loss." 

General Smith in the meantime with the remainder of his force, with 
material for tiie bridges, had crossed Moccasin Point, on the Union side to tiie 
ferry, without attracting the notice of the enemy, and before dawn they had 
ferried across, when the diflicult heights rising sharply fn)m the Tennessee 
iind from Lookout mountain were firmly secured, and by lU A. M., on the 28th 
a cajjital pontoon bridge had been completed at the ferry. 

In connection with this affair a corret^pondeut writes from Chattanooga at 

the time 

" During the hottest and thickest of the fight, when the shells were falling thick and 
fast all around him, Cai)tain Fox, Company D, Micliigan Enuineers and Mechanics, in 
command of three companies of that regiment, with forty of liis men and ninety-eight of 
the 21st Michigan, volunl(!ered to place the pontoon bridge in proper |)osilion across tho 
river at the contested point, which they accomplished in just three liours, witiioul the loss 
of a man; only eleven hours having been consumed in the construction of lifly-iwo [)on- 
toon boats and their foi niation into a serviceable bridge. " 

Following are very interesting and highly complimentary orders of General 
Thomas on the subject: 

Headquarteus Dep't of the Cumderland, I 
Orders. Chattanooga, November Isl, 1S63. J 

The general commanding tenders liis thanks to Brigadier General W. F. Smith and the 



500 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

ofiQcers and men of the expedition under his command, consisting of the brigades of 
Brigadier Generals Turchin and Hazen, the boat parties under Colonel T. R. Stanley, 
lyth Ohio, and the "pioneer bridge" party under Captain Fox, Michigan Engineers, for 
the skill and gallantry displayed in securing a permanent lodgment on the south side of 
the river at Brown's Ferry, and in puttmg in position the pontoon bridge on the- night of 
the 26th inst. The successful execution of this duty was attended with the most important 
results in opening a safe and easy communication with Bridgeport and shortening our 
line of supplies. 

By command of 

MAJOR GENERAL THOMAS. 
Captain Fox, C. Goddabd, A. A. G. 

Michigan Engineers and Mechanics. 

HeADQTTAETEKS Dep'T of the CUMBERIiAND, ) 

GENERAii Orders, } Chattanooga, Tenn., November 7th, 1863. ) 

No. 2G5. S 

The recent movements, resulting in the establishment of a new and short line of com- 
munication with Bridgeport, and the possession of the Tenneaeee river, were of so bril- 
liant a character as to deserve special notice. 

The skill and cool gallantry of the officers and men composing the expedition under 
Brigadier General Wm. F. Smith, chief engineer, consisting of the brigades of Brigadier 
Generals Turchin and Hazen, the boat parties under Colonel Stanley, 18th Ohio Volun- 
teers, and the pontoniers under Captain Fox, Michigan Engineers and Mechanics, in 
effecting a permanent lodgment on the south side of the river, at Brown's Ferry, deserve 
the highest praise. 

The column under Major General Hooker, which took possession of the line from 
Bridgeport to the foot of Lookout mountain, deserve great credit for their brUhant suc- 
cess in driving the enemy from every position which they attacked. The bayonet charge 
made by .the troops of General Howard, up a steep and difficult hill, over 200 feet high, 
completely routing the enemy and driving him from his barricades on its top, and the 
repulse, by General Geary's command, of greatly superior numbers, who attempted to 
surprise him, will rank among the most distinguished feats of arms in this war. 
By command of 

MAJOR GENERAL GEO. H. THOMAS. 

Official: 
C. GoDDARD, Assistant Adjutant General, 

During the year its loss was: Died in action or of wounds, 6 ; of disease, 58, 
including Captain James W. Sligh, injured by a railroad accident while the 
train was being attacked by the rebels, and who died at Tullahoma, Tenn., 
November 1st, 1863. 

The regiment, during Lhe months of January and February, 1864, was 
employed in building trestle work and bridges on the Nashville and North- 
western railroad, i. id in the construction of storehouses and other buildings at 
Chattanooga and 13ridgeport for the quartermaster, commissary, ordnance, 
and oti)er departments of the army. During a portion of the time the bat- 
talion at Chattanooga was employed in refitting saw-mills. In March and 
April a battalion was stationed at Chattanooga, where it was engaged in run- 
ning saw-mills, and in getting out railroad ties, building hospital accommoda- 
tions, and in work on the defenses at that point. Detachments from the other 
companies were engaged in erecting block-houses on the Tennessee and Ala- 
bama, Nashville and Chattanooga, and Memphis and Charleston railroads. 
During the month of May the battalion at Chattanooga remained at that 
place. Two cuinpanies were employed at Bridgeport in erecting artillery 
blockhouses. One battalion was stationed on the Memphis and Charleston 
railroad building block-houses from Decatur to Stevenson, and two companies, 
in command of Major Fox, were at Stevensoti completing the defenses of the 
post. The two companies at Stevenson remained at that point at work on the 
defenses up to September 30th. In June, July, August, and September the 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 601 

regiment, with the exception of one company at Chattanooga, one company 
at Bridgeport a portion of the time, and the two companies at Stevenson, was 
engaged on the line of the Atlantic and Western railroad, building block- 
houses, getting out ties, repairing, etc. On Se{)tember !^5tli orders were 
received to commence the march to Atlanta, arriving there on the 28th, where 
its headquarters were established. 

On the 31st of October, 18G4, the original term of the regiment expired, and 
such officers as desired to leave the service were mustered out, includiiio- 
Colonel Innes, also the enlisted men whose term of enlistment had expired. 
The reenlisted veterans, 148, together with the recruits who had joined the 
regiment, enabled it to maintain its full strength and organization entire. 

From the 1st to the 15th of November, the regiment, then in command of 
Colonel John Yates, with the exception of companies L and M, was sta- 
tioned at Atlanta, Ga., and was employeil in constructing defenses, destroyiiif^ 
rebel works, de[)ots, rolling mills, foundries, gas works, and other rebel prop- 
erty, tearing up and rendering useless the various railroad tracks in the vicinity. 
On the IGth November, attached to the 14th army corps, it marched from 
Atlanta as a part of the engineer force of General Sherman's army, to San- 
dersville, Ga., thence moved with the 20th army corps to Horse Creek, where 
it received orders to join the 17th corps, with which it marched to Savannah, 
reaching there December 10th. During the march the regiment was required 
to keep pace with the movements of the army, traveling over twenty miles a 
day, and during the time was employed in tearing up railroad track, twisting 
rails, destroying bridges, repairing and making roads through marshes, and 
building and repairing bridges. On the 10th and Uth December, the regi- 
ment builfc a dam across the Ogcchce canal, under fire of the rebel batteries, 
losing one man on the iOth, killed by a cannon ball from the enemy's outer 
line of defenses. From that time until after the evacuation of Savannah by 
the enemy, the regiment was constantly at svork taking up railroad track and 
destroying the rails of the several railroads leading out of the city, and in con- 
structing long stretches of corduroy road for passing and re-passing wagon 
trains. On the 23d December it moved into the city, and on the 28th com- 
menced work on the fortifications laid out by direction of General Sherman. 
These works, constructed by and under the supervision of the regiment, were 
over two miles in length, and included several strong batteries and lunettes. 

January 3d, 1865, the regiment was again in motion, marching to Pooler's 
Station, to convert the railroad into a wagon road, and again returning to 
Savannah. On the 26tli it embarked on transports for Beaufort, S. C, and 
on the 31st started with the army on its march to Goklsboro, N. C. The regi- 
ment moved witli the 15th corps to Banbury, S. C, and thenco with the 2Uth 
corps to Columbia, thence with the 17th corps to Fayetteville, and thence to 
Goklsboro with the 20th corps, where it arrived on the 23d March, liaving been 
in line of battle on the 19th at Bentonville, but without loss. It is estimated 
that during this campaign, besides making and repairing a great distance of 
corduroy road, the regiment destroyed and twisted the rails of thirty miles of 
railroad track, and built eight or ten important bridges and crossings. At 
Edisto the bridge was constructed under lire from the enemy's sharp-shooters. 
At Hughes, Little and Big Jjynch Creeks, the bridges and crossings were built 
by working in the night. At the latter place the water was waist deep, 
where a foot crossing was made in one night nearly a mile in lengtii, and the 
next day the same distance was corduroyed for the army trains to pass over. 



502 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

At Columbia the regiment was employed in destroying factories and stores; at 
Oheraw, ordnance and stores; at Fayetteville, the arsenal shops and stores. 

Companies L and M, which had been detached from the regiment early in 
the summer of 1864, and placed upon the defenses at Stevenson, Ala.^^ having 
completed these defenses, which consisted of a system of eight bloclc-house'S. 
were retained in the army of the Cumberland, to be employed on the defenses 
of the Nashville & Chattanooga railroad, and on the 28th Nov. were moved to 
Elk River Bridge, and stationed in detachments along the line of the railroad 
to Fort Rosecraus, at Murfreesboro, engaged when not interrupted by Hood's 
army in building block-houses. During most of the month of December, 
these detachments, except the one at Elk River Bridge, were doing duty in 
Fort Rosecrans, while Nashville and Murfreesboro were invested by the forces 
under Hood and Forrest, and were engaged in completing and repairing the 
works at the fort. On the 15th December, a detachment of company L, with 
several con)panies of an Illinois regiment which had been sent out to assist in 
bringing in a railroad train of provisions sent from Stevenson Ala., were cap- 
tured, after six hours' hard fighting. Companies L and M left Murfreesboro 
March 1st, 18G5, to join tiie regiment, and proceeded by rail via Louisville, 
Indianapolis, Crestline, Pittsburg, and Philadelphia, to New York, where they 
took steamer to Beaufort, N. C, and thence by rail to Newbern, joining the 
reg ment at Goldsboro, on the 25th of March. 

A correspondent wrote as follows : 

"Before leaving Atlanta last month (November, 1864) ten companies of this regiment 
were attached to General Sherman's headquarters. Companies L and M were in 
Tennessee, and consequently did not accompany us on our late march through central 
Georgia. For three or four days before leaving Atlanta our regiment was engaged in 
tearing up the railroads leading into the city, burning the ties and twisting the iron rails, 
thus effectually destroying many miles of side-track, etc. On the 14th and 15tli of 
November we destroyed the depot buildings, besides many others that might be of use to 
the enemy in our absence. 

"During the night of the 15th the sky was bright with fires from burning buildings 
throughout the city. 

"November 16th. Struck tents early. Piled all surplus property to be burned. 
Marched through the city, passing the smoking ruins of large brick buildings on the main 
streets of the city, including the ' Trout House.' Left the smoking ruins of Atlanta about 
9 A. M. Took the road to Decatur, thence to Latimeis, in DeKalb county. Halted two 
or three miles beyond and bivouacked for the night. The last two miles were made after 
simdown, and was pretty hard on the men. Decatur and Latimer's were burned alter our 
army passed through. 

" November 17th. Companies K, D, C, G, E, and I, with three days' cooked rations, 
left the main column and struck the Atlanta & Augusta railroad at Lithonia; tore 
up the track, burned the ties, and twisted the rails for several miles, and then followed 
large bodies of infantry from the 14th corps until tboy reached Covington, twisting the T 
rails, using for this purpose wrought iron hooks, made by the Michigan Engineers. 

" Noveinber 18th. After reaching a point beyond Covington, the six companies left the 
railroad about dusk and marched three or four miles, until we reached the direct road to 
Katonton, not far from the Oleofaubachee river. The day's march was very hard on the 
men, some of whom fainted by the way. 

" November 19th. Marched early. Orders were read to each company against enter- 
ing houses and pilfering. Moved with the 14th corps. General J. C. Davis cominantiing. 
His wagon train bothered us some in marching. Eeached a point near Shady Dale, Jasper 
county, and went into camp after dark. 

" November 2(Jth. Marched to near Eatonton factory. Went into camp for the first 
time since leaving Atlanta before dark. Major Yates called upon company commanders 
to enforce the orderB against entering houses, pilfering, and shooting without orders. 

"November 21st. Rainy and wet; road very muddy. Companies G, A, H, D, and C were 
with the wagons to help them over the bad road. Fifty wagons in our regimental train. 
Made only four or five miles. Night cold and windy. Companies A and G camped in the 
wooda; men suffered ti'om the cold; wood mostly green. The other companies encamped 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 603 

on the other side of a small river, but on high ground, where they suCfered from the cold 
winds. 

" November 22d. Train moved across the river by fording bolow a dam. Marched ten 
or twelve miles. Encamped in a pine grove some twolvc miles from Milledgevillo. 

"November 23d. Marched early, lieached the vicinity of MilhMlgeville about 2 P. JI. 
Halted an hour, and then marched through the city with music and colors. Crossed the 
Oconee river and encamped in a corn-field. Conjpany C sent over the river to destroy a 
section of the branch railroad. During the night the sky was bright with firi-s. 

"November 21th. Marched northeast. Encamped on 'Town creek, Baldwin county. 

"November 25th. Marched to near Hebron, Washington county. Toward evening 
Companies K, D, G, and F, under CaptaiJi Crittenden, moved down into a swamp and laid 
some 'corduroy' to help the trains through. Keturncd to camp alter dark, using pine 
knots for torches, 

" November 2tJth. Crossed through a low, wet swamp; road very bad. Reached San- 
dersviile at 2 P. M. Left the wagons, using pack mules for traiis[iortation of oCQcers' 
messes and tools for destroying railroads. Marched to Tennille Station on the Georgia 
Central railroad. Companies reported to different brigades of the 2uth army corps to 
twist the rails and assist in destroying the track. After breaking up a few miles we 
camped for the night, but were ouL in line of battle after midnight. No attack. 

"November 27th. Followed the different brigades until we met the other companies- 
then marrhed around by the road, three or four houi's after sundown, through a swamp 
and by wagons until we reached Davisboro at 11 P. M. Many men fell out by the way 
but came up afterwards. Cooked supper and laid down about midnight. 

" November 28th. Reveille at 4 A. M. Marched at 6 o'clock. The companies destroyed 
a mile or two of railroad and trestle near Davisboro, and rested most of the afternoon. 

"November 29th. At daybreak we destroyed the bridge over Swamp creek, and then 
followed in a line alter General Geary's division of the 20th corps. Halted for dinner near 
Spear's Station. Track burning for miles. IMarched to near a place called Bethel, in Jeff- 
erson county. "Went into camp about dark. 

"November 30th. Captain Crittenden, with the right wing, moved down to the Ogee- 
chee river to build a bridge, but was afterwards recalled. Marched up the river with Gen- 
eral Geary's division; crossed the river after repairing an old bridge; encamped with the 
other troops in the vicinity of Louisville. 

"December 1st. Marched early. Formed column by divisions. Waited for troops to 
pass and then followed rapidly. Reached the four corners between Baker's and Bark 
Camp creek. Camped in the bushes by the road. 

" Deceniber 2d. Marched as usual. Reached Buckhead creek atl P. M. Repaired two 
or three bridges partly destroyed by rebels. General Slocum present in person waiting 
to cross his troops and train. Crossed over and camped near Buckhead church about 
dark. 

"December 3d. Moved down the river toward Millen and Augusta. Then we marched 
to near Horse creek, on the road to Sylvania; the last few miles were njade after dark. 
Men very tired; halted in the road near water; supper at 11; sleep about midnight. 

" December 4:th. Reveille at 4. Marched at 6 A M. Repaired several bad places In 
the road, one in particular near Little Horse creek. Cut down tho small pine trees, and 
with fence rails made a passable road for the trains. Part of the men on duty at this place 
all night. Regiment in camp on higher ground neai by. 

" December 5th. Reveille at 3.30. Marched at 5. Overtook tho 1st division, 20th army 
corps, near Hylvania, where we were joined by our wagon train. After halting for dinner, 
and drawing rations, moved forward to Hunter's Mills just in time to prevent the dams 
and bridges from being destroyed. Alter putting out the fire and repairing bridges, the 
regiment and wagon train moved south to join the right wing of tlit; army. Road over- 
flowed by water from the dam. Men had dilliculty in getting through; waded part of tho 
way; nuirched by moonlight. Encamped in a beautiful grove about 8.30 P. M., near 
Arniena, Schriven county. Men have been living mostly on the country thus far. Gen- 
erally a good supply of sweet potatoes, fiesh meat. etc. Forage plenty for the animals. 

'•December Gliu Moved across the Little Ogeechee to near Ohver Station. Most 
of the regiment at work destroying the railroad. 

■■ Deeeinber 7th. Marched about 7 A. M., with the other troops. Rained quite hard; 
road uiudily and obstructed by fallen trees. Our regiment in advance soon cleared the 
way. Hard marching; horses mired in marshy places. Reached a small creek near Guy- 
ton about dark. Built a bridge over the creek during tho night. 

"December 8th. Captains E. 0. Crittenden and J. J. Rhodes were appointed acting 
majors. Marched at 7 A. M. Repaired the road in several places. Reached a point near 
Springfield about 2 P. M. Rested here untill morning. Cannon Hring in the distance. 

"Deceniber 9th. iU'.rched at 6:30 A. M. Halted near General Sherman's heudtjuar- 



604 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

ters. General pacing up and down before his camp-fire deep in thought, tracing lines of 
investment upon the ground. Fifteenth corps is sent to the right. Seventeenth moving 
forward. Eegiment distributed through a long swamp to repair the road. After all tho 
trains had passed we moved forward to Pooler Station and encamped. 

"December 10th. Marched at 7 A, M. At Telfair we turned off on the railroad. 
Formed column by companies closed in mass. Waited orders. Soon discovered an 
engine up thetracli carrying a mounted cannon, which opened upon us. After a few shots 
we moved across the -track into the woods. One man, Robert Brown, of Company H, was 
mortally wounded by a cannon ball. Soon after the regiment was ordered on to a canal, 
■where a dam was built to prevent the rebels overflowing the ground between us. 

" December 11th. Major Hannings, with Companies C, E, I, and B, moved over to the 
Charleston & Savannah railroad. 

" After finishing the dam across the canal the balance of the regiment moved out from 
under fire and went into camp near General Sherman's headquarters. Since that time, 
until we reached Savannah, the regiment was employed in building 'corduroy ' roads and 
destroying the railroads for several miles in the rear of our lines. On Dect^mber 23d 
Major Yates and Captain Rhodes moved into the city with the right wing, followed by 
Major Hannings with the left wing on December 24, companies in the follownig order: A, 
E, D, I, B, G,"H, K, F, C, Company A m front. We have very comfortable quarters in 
the suburb's of the city, and the men are enjoying a good rest. The ever-active Major 
Yates has been everywhere present and an eilicient commander. 

" Savannah is a very fine city for its size. There are many splendid buildings and resi- 
dences. Vessels arrive and depart every day, although the river is not fully opened yet. 
The army has plenty of rations; the troops are being revieved by the Generals and all 
doing well." 

On the 10th of April, 1865, General Sherman's army broke camp at Golds- 
boro, the regiment moving with the 20th corps, and soon after reached Kaleigh, 
where it remained until the negotiations were compleud for the surrender of 
Johnson's army, and on the SUtli moved with the 17th corps on tlie march to 
Washington, crossing the Koanoive river at Monroe, and passing through the 
cities of Petersburg, Kichmond, and Alexandria, Va. 

General Sherman in his report says: 

"The 12th, 13th, and 14th corps were passed at Fayetteville, destroying absolutely the 
United States arsenal and the vast amount of machinery which formerly belonged to the 
old Harper's Ferry U. S. arsenal. Evei-y building was knocked down and burned, and 
every piece of machinery utterly broken up and ruined by the first regiment Jlichigan 
^Engineers, under the immediate supervision of Colonel 0. M. Poe, chief engineer. Much 
valuable property of great use to the enemy was here destroyed or cast into the river. " 

A correspondent wrote as follows : 

" After two months' successful campaign through South and part of North Carolina, we 
have reached our communications once more. Here is a brief abstract of our diary since 
leaving Savannah, Ga. 

" January 23d, 1865. Marched from Savannah at 3 P. M. up the Georgia Central rail- 
road, bivouacked three miles out. 

"January 24th. After throwing over some railroad track, building a small bridge and 
clearing road-bed for wagons, passed on, camped about two miles beyond Pooler, even- 
ing received orders to retuin to Savannah, to go from there to Beaufort by water. 

"January 25th. Returned to Savannah, o(;pupied our old camp until evening, when we 
commenced loading our transportation, etc., on vessels. 

"January 26th. "Companies A, B, F, G, H, and I embarked on the Crescent City; left 
moorings <it 7.15 A. M.;. arrived opposite Beaufort, S. C, about 4.30 P. M.; men "landed 
and marched four or five miles, where th(>y camped near wood and water. Major Crit- 
tenden was left at Savannah to bring up the balance of the regiment. 

"January 27th. Unloaded the animals, wagons, tools, supplies, etc.. from two vessels. 

"January 28lh. Companies C, E, and K arrived from Savannah. 

"January 2yth. Major Crittenden arrived with balance of regiment and animals, 
except a few which came on next boat. 

"January 3Uth. Day occupied in putting wagons together and preparing for a long 
march. 

'• January 31st. Marched to Pocatalligo, crossing the river between Port Royal and main 
land ou a pontoon bridge; camped near General Sherman's headquarters. 



MICHIGAN IN THE \VAIi. 505 

" Febiuaiy 1st. Maiched at 6.30 A. M. with the 15th army corps, General Lof^an com- 
manding; niaile about 12 miles on McPhersonville road and camped for the night. 

"February 2d. Marched at 6.30 A. :M., followinir 1st britjade of General Hazen's divi- 
sion; several tine houses along the road were set lire to and burned. After marching 17 
miles, camped near four corners, skirmishing half a mile in front of us. 

" February 3d. In camp all day; knapsack inspection at 3 P. M. ; all surplus clothing, 
etc., burned; enemy in front skirmishing sharply. General Oliver's brigade drove the 
rebels two or three miles. 

"February 4th. Took right hand road, marched about 12 or 15 miles in a northerly 
direction. Camped near Beaufort bridge an hour before sundown; road bad in places; 
soil sandy, mixed with clay; country more rolling; liills small, with gradual ascent; 
foraging on the country; corn plenty; fresh pork, chickens, some hams and cattle. Tim- 
ber: oak, ash, sycamore, and pine; a peculiar land of moss hangs from the limbs. Fences 
and houses more numerous. 

"February 5th. Passed through a long swamp and crossed Beaufoi-t bridge. This 
defile was commanded by works which the rebels evacuated from fear of a (lank move- 
ment by the 17th corps. Country looks much better; road good, but sandy; some 
hickory and cypress trees. Moved three or four miles and remained in camp the balance 
of the day. 

" February 6th. Followed General John E. Smith's division. In the afternoon this 
division skirmished with the enemy, charged and drove him through a small swamp and 
creek. Column moved forward about 3 P. M. Camped about dusk on low ground. 
Eainy and wet. 

"February 7th. Followed 1st division with one ambulance and tool wngon; road 
muddy, but passable. Twisted four or live miles of track on the South Carolina railroad, 
after two brigades had piled the iron on ties and fired them; men pretty tired. 

"February 8th. Worked on railroad as before until noon. After dinner moved into 
camp at Lowry's. 

"February 9th. Regiment marched to Blackville, 15 miles eastward, on the railroad; 
reported to General Slocum, commanding left wing. Encamped at 5 P. M.; weailier 
very cold; light flakes of snow fell. 

"February 10th. Companies A, I, D, and E, under Major Ci'ittonden, worked west- 
ward on the railroad four miles; Companies G, H, B, F, and C, Lieuienant Colonel Han- 
niiigs commanding, moved to "Wooliston and twisted the the iron after five brigades of the 
2Uth corps. Company K with wagons. 

"February 11th. Orders were received temporarily dividing the regiment, right wing 
to go with 2Utli corps, left wing with 14th corps. Bight wing moved to Duncan's Ferry, 
left wing to ' Gegnard's,' both on the South Edisto river, where they built crossings. 

" February 12th. Four companies of left wing returned to Wooliston to report to Gen- 
eral Davis for work on the railroad. Eight wing moved to the north branch of Edisto 
river. The enemy threw shot and shell while we were at work on the bridge. Colonel 
Yates had a narrow escape, a piece of shot tearing a hole in the waist of his coat while 
examining the crossing. "Worked during the night on the bridge. 

" February 13th. Crossed the North Edisto, marched five or sis miles; went into camp 
on the brow of a hill; soil sandy, but more of a red clay. 

"Februaiy 14th. Marched eight or ten miles, turning oft to the left on Lexington 
road; camped near a small pond about 11 A. M. Bested balance of the day. Our bill of 
fare to-day was turkey, chicken, short cake, butter, honey, apple-sauce, coffee, etc., 
mostly foraged in South Carolina. 

" February loth. Marched about ten miles. Enemy disputed our passage on Congaree 
creek, but soon gave way before the advance of the skirmishers. Camped near cross 
roads, three miles from Lexington Coui-t House. Country more rolling; some walnut 
a"nd oak, besides the pine; soil still sandy, but more clay in the valleys near streams. 
Boad rather soft, weather very misty, trees dripping. 

"February IGth. Took the Columbia road. Ground more rolling, large bills and val- 
leys, beautiful scmicry. Camped about three miles from Columbia. 

"February 17th. Marched to within a mile of Zion's Ferry, on the Saluda river. While 
waiting for troops to cross pontoon bridge, received orders which led us to march three 
miles through the woods to Saluda Factory, where we crossed and encamped on the pen- 
insula. 

" February 18th. Crossed Broad river on pontoon bridge; marched about two miles to 
a good camp in the suburbs of Columbia, north. Most of the business part of the city 
was burned last night. 

" During the day I had occasion to call at General Sherman's headquarters, which were 
In a well furnished i-esidence in the city. While there. Major General Sherman stepped 
out on the porch. As ho advanced, the General looked at me a second or two, then to 

04 



606 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

the floor, as if in thought, then turned back to hear what a lady, who had come to see 
him, had to say. He is a tall, thin, spare looking man, dressed in Major General's uni- 
form, actions quick or nervous. His countenance at the time seemed to denote an acute 
anxiety, while the spare features contracted by deep inward thought gave the man a 
marked appearance, long to be remembered. His staff are plain and unassjuming in 
manners, as weU as friendly and polite to all. 

" Left wing arrived in afternoon, and encamped with the right wing of the regimont. 

"February 19th. Marched northward on Chai'lotte railroad. Twisted nine miles of 
heavy strap rail. Camped six miles out. Companies K, G, F, and C, under Major 
Ehodes, at work destroying all machinery, shops, warehouses, factories, etc., in Columbia, 
under the direction of the chief engineer. 

" February 20th. Marched at 10 A. M. up the railroad eight or nine miles, where we 
encamped on good ground, with wood and water near. 

" Februaiy 21st. Twisted eight or nine miles of railroad track; camped near Simpson's 
Station. 

"February 22d. Twisted the iron to "Waynesboro, beyond which the 20th and 14th 
corps were working. Here we left the railroad and struck off eastward. 

" February 23d. Crossed the Wateree river; camped at Liberty Hill. 

"February 25th. Crossed the Little Lynch creek, where the men waded in water up 
to their waists. 

" February 26th. Crossed the Big Lynch, where we worked aU night building a bridge. 

"February 27th. Crossed the Big Lynch creek. 

"March 3d. Eeached Cheraw with but little resistance. 

" March 5th. Crossed the Great Pedee river. 

" March 8th. Crossed the boundary line between North and South Carohna. 

"March 11th. Arrived at Fayetteville, N. C, where we remained three days, destroy- 
ing the buildings, machinery, ordnance, etc., belonginji to the arsenal. 

"March 14th. Crossed the Cape Fear river. 

" March 15Lh. Companies C, I, F, and D went with watjon trains on the road to right, 
the balance of the regiment moved with two divisions of the 20th and 14:th corps on the 
road to Kaleigh. 

"March IGth. Met the enemy in force after going four miles; sharp engagement; drove 
the rebels from the first line of works. We were repairing the roiul which was very bad 
in places. Camped on the battle field fought over to-day. The rebel dead are lying 
around unburied. 

" March 17th. Marched at daylight. Built a crossing over Black river uc a long dam 
and through a mill. Marched over and across the country five or six luiles. Camped 
near General Sherman's headquarters. 

"March 18th. Built a crossing over Mingo creek. "Worked on road with the leading 
brigade. Eeached camp about 11 P. M. Supper after midnight. Lay down ibuui I 
o'clock. 

" March 19th. Moved forward, repairing the road. About noon halted for rest and din- 
ner, after which moved forward about two miles to where the 14th corps were engagea 
with the enemy. The ;u;tion had been going on an hour or two, and was quite lieavy. 
Soon after our arrival the enemy pressed the center of our line. Colonel Yates had been 
assigned a position on the left. While moving to the position assigned small crowds of 
pack animals, coming out of the woods, and from the front, seemed to indicate to an 
observer the likelihood of our repulse. The Colonel, with the companies of his command 
then with him, advanced towards the woods in fine of battle to bear a part with the 
infantry in holding the ground. While doing tliis the movements of infantry in front and 
on the right with the accompanying noise of battle seemed to show that the enemy 
would soon be upon them. The Colonel following the movements of infantry on liis 
right, took a better position. Then facing the enemy he ordered the men, who had been 
provided with shovels from our tool wagons, to throw up hastily a temporary earthwoilc 
in their front. They worked lively. At the same time it was reported that the enemy 
were massing on our left. Colonel Yates exhorted his men to stand firm, by saying, ' We 
will whip the rebels.' The men stood firm and kept in fine. After the enemy iiad been 
checked and the troops deployed in front, we moved to our position on the left, where a 
/ery strong Une of works were soon thrown up. The action from this time (5.30 P. M.) 
jntil dark was very heavy indeed. The rebels, massed in front, made several charges to 
take our battery, holding on desperately for half an hour, during which time the guns 
poured in grape, canister, shot, and shell. The noise occasioned by the incessant rattle 
of musketry, mingled with the loud, sliarp cracking of artillery and the dense smoke, 
made it for a time one of the sharpest battles of the war. 

" March 21st. By a strategic movement on the right, and a hard-fought battle by the 
15th and 17th corps, the enemy was defeated and fell back, leaving his killed and wounded 
on the field. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 507 

" March 22d. Arrived at Goldsboro, N. C, after a march of nearly 500 miles through 
an enemy's country, crossing? swamps, rivers, etc., drawing most of our subsistence from 
a poor and wasted country, and defeating the enemy on his own ground. We will have a 
lew days' rest, and bo prepared to take part in the grand final overthrow of the great 
rebellion." 

On the "Ai4th April, 1865, the regiment passed in the review of the armies at 
\V:ishington, and went into camp near Ueorfretown, D. C. Early in June it 
was ordered to Louisville, Ky., to report to Major General Thomas, coniniand- 
ing the UeparLinent of tlu' (Jumberland, and was then ordered to Nasiiville, 
Tenn., where it arrived July 1st. There the regiment was employed upon the 
defense's until September ••.'2d, when it was mustered out of service and in 
command of Colonel Yates was ordered to this State, arriving at the rendez- 
vous at Jackson September 25th, and on the 1st of October was paid off and 
disbanded. 

Engaged at Mill Springs, Ky., January 19, 1862; Farmington, Miss., May 
9, 1802; siege of Corinth, May 10 to 31, 1862; Perryville, Ky., October 8, 
1862; Lavergne, Tenn., January 1, 1863; Chattanooga, Tenn., October 6, 
18t')3; siege of Atlanta, Ga., July 22 to September 2, 1864; Savannah, Ga., 
December 11 to 21, 1864; Bentonville, N. C, March 19, 1S65. 

During its term of service it had borne on its rolls 3,200 officers and men, 
and its losses were one officer killed by railroad accident, six men died in 
action or of wounds, seven of wounds, and 342 of disease. 

"Blest dead, be now softly sleeping — 
Our tenderest tears shall bedew 
Each grave — and we're proud 'mid our weeping 
That trial's hour proved you so true." 

The services of this regiment were specially valuable to the government, and 
were highly appreciated by the commanding generals under whom they served, 
acquiring a national as well as State reputation which has given it a mostcred- 
ital)le page in the history of the war. 

While the Engineers perfornied an immense amount of mechanical labor, 
and which reflected much credit upon themselves and the State, yet there was 
also much accomplished in that kind of labor by civil emi)loy6s from Michi- 
gan at various jioints during the war, especially at Bridgeport, on the Tennes- 
see river, in connection with the Army of the Cumberland. 

When Kosecraiis's army reached Bridgeport it was ascertained that no steam- 
ers were to be found on that river, and water transportation being absolutely 
necessary to carry forward the immense amount of su[)[)lies required for the 
army, consequently the only recourse left was in building them. In order to 
accomplish this, the services of Colonel Arthur Edwartls, of Trenton, Mich- 
igan, were secured. He had been originally commissioned as quartermaster 
of 5th Michigan Cavalry, but was soon afterwartls ai)pointed in the U. S. 
Quartermaster's department. In a very short time he had some 350 or 400 
carpenters and ship carpenters from Michigan at work. 

The Colonel had formerly been a captain of ateamers on the lakes, as well 
as having a large ownership in lake steamers, bringing to the service of the 
government when so much recpiired, an extensive experience which proved of 
great value in the accomplishment of the duty to which he had been assigned. 

The first boat built uniler his supervision was a small stern-wheeler named 
the "Chattanooga," called by the rebels the "Cracker Boat," from the fact 
of her carrying such quantities of "hard tack." Her Ihst trips were uuulo 



508 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

from Bridgeport to Brown's Ferry, below Chattanooga, and afterwards extend- 
ing them to that point, and sometimes to Loudon, near Kuoxviile. She once 
successfully ran the blockade of the rebels on the Tennessee from Cliatta- 
nooga to that place, carrying supplies to the Union troops at Knoxville, under 
instructions from General Grant, who directed that the usual guard of soldiers 
and pieces of artillery be left ofE the boat in order to deceive the rebels along 
the river as to her true character and purpose. 

She was commanded by Captain John Edwards, also of Trenton, Michigan, 
who had formerly sailed on the lakes. 

Colonel Edwards was placed by General Eosecrans in charge of the entire 

trater transportation of the army on the Tennessee, making all contracts with 

teamers and having the entire direction of their business with the government. 

lu addition to the "Chattanooga," he afterwards superintended the con- 
truction of thirteen steamers in nine months, several of which were gun-boats. 



FIRST REGIMENT LIGHT ARTILLERY. 



*' Then shook the hills with thunder riven, 
Then rush'd the steeds to battle driven, 
And louder than the bolts of heaven, 
Far flash'd the red artillery." 

The regiment of Michigan Light Artillery was composed of twelve six-gun 
batteries. It was commanded by Colonel 0. 0. Loomis; but from the char- 
acter of that arm of the service the batteries were never brought together as a 
regiment. 

During its term of service it had carried on its rolls 3,333 officers and men, 
while 2(J5 had roenlisted as veterans in the several batteries. 

The batteries composing it served in all the principal armies, and some of 
them bore conspicious parts- in most of the important battles in which the 
western armies were engaged, while some of them served in the extreme south. 

Their services in battle were creditable wherever an opportunity dflered, but 
like ail other batteries failed in gaining a proportionate notoriety or reputation 
with tliat of the cavalry or infantry arm of service, owing to a less amount of 
correspondence with the public press of the country. 

BATTERY A 

Was mustered into the service as the 1st Michigan Light Artillery, and 
although on the formation of the artillery regiment it received tlie ali)ha- 
betical designation, it still was known throughout the war by the wiiole army 
as "Loomis's Battery." 

Long before the breaking out of the rebellion there had been at Cold water 
an artillery company mounted and equipped as a light battery, efficient and 
well up in drill, and known as the "Coldwater Ligiit ArtillerVj" and which 
was recognized as a part of the State militia. Its officers in 1860 were: Cap- 
tain, Henry C. Lewis; First Lieutenant, John W. Cuip; Second Lieutenant, 
William Cartshuff. 

The citizens of that place, prominent among whom were Captain Lewis and 
0. B. Clark, Esq., being most anxious to take an early part in suj)pressing the 
rebellion, tendered the services of the battery to tiie Governor, and pressed 
with much earnestness its acceptance at once, Mr. Clark agreeing to furnish 
the necessary horses for the battery, which agreement he faithfully carried 
out, the horses being afterwards paid for by the State, and the amount has 
since been refunded by tlie general government. 

Under this proposition a telegraphic correspondence was at once opened 
with General Juo. E. Wool, U. S. Army, then iu New York City, and who 

(50'J) 



510 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

was at the time supposed to have authority from the War Department to 
accept the services of troops for the government. 

Deteoit, April 22, 1S61. 
General John E. Wool, U. S. Army, New York City: 

A field battery of lour guns complete tender their services to the War Department. 
Will they be received, m addition to the auota from Michigan? 

JNO. EOBERTSON, 

Adjutant General. 

New Yoke City, A2Jril 28, 1861. 
Jno. Robertson, Adjutant General: 

I am directed by Major General Wool to say that the field battery of four guns, 
mentioned in your dispatch this morning, if properly organized as a company, will be 
received in addition to the quota from Aiit-higan, and will be recognized by the govern- 
ment accordingly. The commanding officer of Detroit arsenal will furnish the necessary 
ammunition. BICHAED ARNOLD, 

Aid-de-camp. 

Under this authority the battery was ordered to Fort Wayne, near Detroii. 
It arrived in command of Captain Lewis witliout dehiy, hringing cannon ami 
equipments, with sufficient fine horses for a complete battery of six guns. 

Soon after its arrival it was ascertained that the government did not deem it 
necessary to accept any more artillery in addition to that already accepted 
from Eastern States, and declined to stand by the acceptance of General Wool. 
This was a great disappointment to the battery, and placed the State authori- 
ties- in a perplexing situation, but measures were at once commenced thi-ough 
the influence of Governor Blair and others to induce the War Department to 
recede from its decision, and after considerable dehiy and much telegrapiiic 
correspondence, the department finally decided to accept its services, but only 
upon the condition that it should be enlisted for tliree years. 

This gave rise to much just dissatisfaction, both among the officers and men, 
and as a result, a large proportion declined to muster for that term, their busi- 
ness affairs and other reasons interfering, necessarily preventing them, at that 
time, from entering into a longer term of service than that for which they had 
made arrangements to be absent from their homes and business. 

The battery was however re-organized with enlistments for three years, and 
was soon filled up to the maximum standard, when it was at once put in rapid 
process of equipment by Gyrus 0. Loomis, who had been selected its com- 
mander. 

It was mustered into the service of the United States, May 28th, 1861, wiin 
the following officers: Captain, Cyrus 0. Loomis, Coldwaier; First Lieuten 
ant, Otis II. Gillam, Coldwater; First Lieutenant, Charles A. EdmunJs. 
Quincy ; Second Lieutenant, Roland lioot, Coldwater; and Second Lieutenant, 
Kobert G. Chandler, Coldwater. 

The battery on being fully equipped, left the State in command of Captaiii 
Loomis for the field in West Virginia, May 31, 1861, via Cincinnati, taking 
with it six brass six-pounders, with complete equipments, furnished by the 
State. 

The appearance of this battery while passing through Ohio, especially at 
Cincinnati, attracted much attention, and its completeness of outfit on such 
short notice, as well as the fine ai)i)earance of the men, were subjects of enthu- 
siastic praise, while the superior quality of the horses did not pass without 
favorable comment. 

In fact the organization of this battery, taking place almost on the threshold 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 511 

of the rebellion, was one of the events which so early brought Michigan to the 
front before the country as a wide awake State, andVeliable in the war, and in 
Bonie instances really setting examples ou the start; which were elsewhere fol- 
lowed. 

Tiie battery on arriving at Cincinnati was ordered to Camp Dennison, on 
the river above that place. Keuiaining there two weeks it marched to Mari- 
etta, Ohio, then took transports to Parkersburg, West Virginia, and from 
thence took rail to Clarksburg, and there took position on the heights above 
the town, which was expected to be attacked by the rebel General Wise. June 
28th it took up the line of march for Buchanan, arriving there on July Ist. 
On the 4th of July the battery was inspected by Colonels Sill and Lander, 
whose report to General McClellan gave it great credit for discipline and 
efficiency in drill. July Gth it again took up the line of march, having a 
slight skirmish at Middlefork bridge, and on the 10th marched to Roaring 
river. On July 11th it participated in the battle of Rich Mountain, in which 
the enemy was driven from his position, said to be almost impregnable, caus- 
ing the capture of his subsistence and ordnance stores, including several pieces 
of artillery, which were turned over to the battery by order of the general 
commanding. At this point it was supplied with six ten-pounder Parrotts, 
sent by order of General McClellan, when the old brass pieces were laid aside 
and not afterwards us^jd by tiie battery. Moving to Beverly on the 12th and 
to Clieat Mountain Pass on the 13Lh, went into camp, and ou the 14th of 
August moved to Elkwater. 

The battery was constantly employed in scouting, — difficult, owing to the 
nature of the country, — and had frequent skirmishes with tlie enemy. In one 
of them Colonel Joiin A. Washington (rebel) was killed, and it is believed 
that a few well-directed shots prevented Lee's column from taking position to 
attack the Union front. 

It crossed Cheat Mountain October Ist, and on the 3d marched to Green- 
brier and took part in the action at that point. After a severe cannonalino- 
of four hours the Union force retired with small loss. After the engagement 
the battery returned to Elkwater, remaining there until the 30th and then 
moved to Huttonsville and encamped. On December Gth moved to Philli|)pi, 
West Va., and ou the 16th was ordered to report to General lUicl! at Louisville, 
Ky., reaching there December 22d, when tlie battery on the 3ist was ordered 
to Bacon Creek, doing cousitlerable duty at tliat point. 

From Bacon Creek it moved with General Mitchell's command in the 
advance of General Buell's a:niy soutliward to Bowling Greun, then consid- 
ered a rebel stronghold. It was the first to cross the bridge over Green river 
at MunfordsviUe which had just been completed, taking the advance on 
Bowling Green, reaching tliat point on February 14, Ib&i, and taking position 
ou Baker's Hill in advance of the cavalry, having been on tlie double-cpiick 
for Some distance, at once threw shot and shell into tiie rebel oncampniL'nt, 
much to their surprise, as it was understood that Buell's advance had only 
reached Cave City. The whistle of the lirst sliell, lired at a locomotive, dis- 
turbed them in the preparations then being made for their retreat, and j)re- 
venled tlie destruction of such stores as could not be carried oil. The lire, 
although from a distance of about a mile and a half, was so precise that the 
first shell jiassed through the boiler of an engine, disabling it and tiiereb}* 
detaining nine others that cuuld not be moved ou account of its obstrucliou 
of the track. 



512 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

A fire so rapid and accurate being kept up the rebels hurriedly made a retreat 
before they could make preparation either for the removal of their stores or 
for accomplishing their destruction. 

On the completion of this valuable service and most excellent praotice, the 
battery was complimented by General Mitchell, who was himself an accom- 
plished artillerist, having entered that arm of the service from West Point; 
while it also received from the War Department a highly commendatory order 
for its extraordinary march on Bowling Green, and the important part it took 
in the affair at that point. 

A correspondent wrote as follows: 

" The order of march from Beacon Creek was issued at 8 o'clock on Sunday evening, 
the 9th February, and by dayhght on Monday morning the division took up its line of 
march for Bowling Green, our battery taking the advance. In the afternoon we arrived 
at Green river, crossing which ,we went into camp. On the morning of the 13th we were 
again on the move. The day was pleasant and warm, and the roads were in excellent 
condition, with the exception of two or three miles, on which trees had been felled by 
the rebels to impede the advance. 

" The inhabitants along the route manifested strong union feelings and complained bit- 
terly of the treatment which they had received from the rebels. At one place in particu- 
lar they were overjoyed at seeing us. This was at a tavern six miles from Green river. 
The landlord, approaching one of our lieutenants, shook him warmly by the hand, while 
the tears coursed down his care-worn cheeks. In the meantime his daughters (three 
handsome girls) busied themselves by bringing us water to quench our thirst. Lieutenant 
Van Pelt remarked to one of the ladies that we had come to protect, not to destroy. 
'We are so much obliged to you all, sirs,' she modestly exclaimed, 'we indeed thank you.' 

" The rebels took three fine horses and other property from this family. We passed a 
number of ponds, every one of which contained two or more dead horses, which the rebels 
had thrown in, hoping to deprive us of water. This was a mean and disgusting piece of 
barbarism, as the effluvia arising from the dead carcasses was exceedingly offensive to the 
surrounding inhabitants. At 4 o'clock we halted for refreshments, having arrived at Glas- 
gow Station, twenty-one miles from Bowling Green. 

" At this place two or three buildings, including the station house, were burned to the 
ground, and most of the inhabitants deserted, leaving their houses in charge of negroes. 

" Here we rested for about an hour, after which we resumed our march and proceeded 
about a mile and camped for the night. The next morning was cold and disagreeable. 
During the night we had a light fall of snow, which prevented our sleeping, as we had no 
shelter. The boys, however, gathered around the camp-fires, practicing what might be 
called an ' Indian war dance.' 

" The evening previous being warm and pleasant, Captain Loomis deemed it unneces- 
sary to have the tents pitched. 

" At 7.30 o'clock the division was again in motion towards Bowling Green. We had 
traveled about four miles when information was received that the rebels, with the excep- 
tion of a few hundred, had evacuated Bowling Green. The bridges over Barren river 
were about to be destroyed. General Mitchell immediately ordered us, including the 4th 
Ohio Cavalry, to make all haste with the hope of saving the bridges. At 11.30 o'clock we 
were there, making the last four miles in twenty minutes, but the bridges were destroyed 
the night previous. Being on an elevated position, we were enabled to see the rebels dis- 
tinctly, through a spy glass, busily engaged at the depot, a distance of nearly two miles 
from us, in loading a long train of cars with provisions, quartermaster's stores, etc. Two 
of our pieces were quickly brought to bear upon the engine, which was disabled. This 
brought forth an exclamation of praise and satisfaction from General Mitchell, who was 
standing near us at the time. 

" The rebels finding their plans frustrated, and the impossibility of clearing the track 
of the damaged engine, set fire to the train, after whicli they fired the engine-house, 
depot, and several other buildings adjoining. Five engines were considerably damaged 
by fire, but can be repaired in a few days. Not feeling satisfied with what they had done 
the villains proceeded up town and set fire to several fine edifices. It was their intention 
to burn the town to ashes, and they would probably liuve done so had we not thrown a 
shell amongst them, kilUng eight and wounding several others, the rest retreating out of 
town, i)utting their liorses to their utmost speed. We afterwards learned that these ras- 
cals were a detachment of the Texan Rangers, under the rebel General Hardee, who com- 
manded them in person. Hindmau, with his brigade, left at the comn>encement of our 
lire. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 513 

" "We captured a number of bage:af?e cars, a large quantity of provisions and ammunU 
tion; one G-pouuder, an iron smooth-bore, two caissons, one battery wa^jon, live eugiues, 
and some other property. 

"There are eleven fortifications here, the principal one, vrhich is situated on College 
Hill, iuiniediately on the left of the city, is over three thousand feet in length. This fort 
conjniaiuls the surrounding country for several miles. The appearance of these fortifica- 
tions indicated that the enemy must have had at least one hundred pieces of artillery. 
This We.^tern Alanasses, the Gibralter of America, has been taken by Loomis'a Battery, 
accompanied by a regiment of cavalry. This adds another sUir to the honor of Michigan, 
won by the gallantry of her sons. 

"The Mieliigan Engineers have constructed pontoon bridges, so that the troops can 
cross the Big Barren river without the least difficulty. 

"On the 22d inst. we again took up the line of march for Nashville, while the rain 
poured down in torrents without intermission throughout the day. In the aft<^rnoon we 
arrived at the village of Franklin, where we encamped for the night, wet, tired, and 
hungry. 

" The next morning we resumed our march, and reached the village of Edgefield, oppo- 
site Nashville, on the afternoon of the 24th, making a march of thiity-two miles the last 
day, leaving the infantry several miles in our rear." 

The battery returned to Kashville, goiug into camp at Edgefield, it was then 
engaged on many scouts, acting as cavalry in chasing Morgan and other guer- 
rillas between tliat point and Huntsville, Ala., with occasional skirmishes. 
On the 29th of May, 1SG2, two of its guns were sent from Huntsville to 
Bridgeport and assisted in the defeat of the rebels at that point. 

The services of the battery while with General Mitchell's command in 
Xorthern Alabama were varied, and were mostly performed by dividing it up 
into detachments. One piece, in command of Lieutenant O'Riordan was on a 
gun-boat in service on the Tennessee while another was on the railroad doing 
patrol duty with a car fitted up for that purpose, being faced with railroad iron 
and so arranged and built up as to give the structure on the car the form of a 
wedge, while other portions of the battery were on detached service at various 
points. 

On the 1st of August following, the battery left Huntsville with Mitchell's 
command and commenced the memorable retreat of Buell on Louisville, and 
reaching there remained until the advance was commenced from that point. 

At Perry ville on October 8th, the battery took an important part, saving by 
its gallant and efficient service the right wing from being ilanked, and is said 
to have fired the first and last artillery shot in that important battle. Ik 
opened the fight and for an hour was engaged in a duel with a battery belong- 
ing to what was known as the Washington artillery, doing it much damage, 
as afterwards stated by one of its officers, and continued engaging the enemy 
until darkness put an end to the contest, having during the afternoon repelled 
five charges, leaving 1,500 rebels in front of its position. 

The last position held by it was taken about 3 P. M., with instructions to 
hold it at all hazards, as it was recognized as the key to the field. The battery 
was witliout sup{)ort and could not obtain any. The guns were planted on 
one of a succession of nobs. The intention of the (ieneral commanding (as 
afterwards ascertained) was to hold the j)osition as long as possible to save 
otiier commands, and finally if needs be, abandon the guns. At one time 
ouiers were received by Loumis to spike them and save his men, but this ho 
declined to do, preferring ratlier to liold on so long as he had a man or a gun 
left, and in the event of being overpowered and captured to go witli the guns 
rather than leave the field without tiieiu. This decision was a bold but forta- 
nate one, made almost against ho})e, and to the surprise of himself and his 
65 



514 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

euperiors in command he gallantly repelled every attempt of the enemy to 
dislodge him or capture his guns, and succeeded in bringing off his entire 
battery. Its loss was heavy, being 18 men killed and wounded, with 33 horses 
killed or disabled. 

After this the battery was on several marches and engaged in several skir- 
mishes in that section of the country, and during the month of November 
marched from Lebanon, Ky., to Tyree Springs, near Nashville, Tenu. 

It participated in the advance of Eosecrans on Murfreesboro. Fighting 
through many other battles, where its vigorous action, stubborn pluck, and 
brilliant dash gave it an enviable reputation throughout the whole army; it is 
found hotly engaged during the memorable days and nights of hard and des- 
perate fighting in the bloody battle of Stone liiver, where it lost heavily, but 
achieved a most noted distinction, second to no battery in the service, and the 
history of the times will bear witness to its noted fame in the ages that shall 
follow. 

Goieral Eosecrans at one time gave Loomis to understand that his battery 
had the key to his position, and cautioned him to hold it at all hazards. 

Its loss was heavy, being 23 men killed, wounded or missing, with nearly 40 
horses killed or disabled. 

The gallant services of this battery and Guenther's fighting by its side, were 
conspicuous, demanding the attention of the general officers, while General 
Eosseau, specially noticing them in his report, says: 

" As the enemy emerged from the woods in great force, shouting and cheering, the bat- 
teries of Loomis and Guenther, double-shotted with canister, opened upon them. They 
moved straight ahead for awhile; but were finally driven back with immense loss. In a 
little while tliey rallied again, afid, as it seemed, with fresh troops again assailed our posi- 
tion, and were again, after a fieijpe struggle, driven back. " 

This high compliment to their fighting qualities is strongly indorsed in the 
" Eebellion Eecord," by Mi*. Greeley, who says: 

" After debouching from the cedars, Loomis and Guenther could find no good position 
for their batteries, and the whole line fell back under severe fighting, the left wing flat 
upon the ground, the right covered by a crest. The two batteries now swiftly wheeled 
into favorable positions and poured double-shotted canister into the enem5^ The 23d 
Arkansas was literally swept away by their devouring fire. Loomis and Guenther were 
wild with delight at their success. The baffled enemy came no farther. The field was 
red with the blood of their slain. " 

A correspondent of the New York Herald wrote : 

" Colonel C. O. Loomis is the envy of all artillerists. He is not only the quickest 
among them, but the most lucky of artillerists. On Friday morning the calm was broken 
by an attack being made upon his artillery in Eosseau's division, in which Loomis com- 
mands four batteries. They drove m our pickets with a small force of infantry, and 
planted two batteries on either side of the Murfreesboro road, and opened briskly on 
Eosseau's camp. Loomis immediately ordered out Captain Stone's 1st Kentucky and his 
own famous 1st IMichigan Jiattery, and replied to them. The cannonading for a few 
moments was terrific. From my position to the right and out of danger, 1 could very 
plainly see the rebel guns, and beyond them as distinctly the town of Murfreesboro, and 
a redoubt about a mile this side. The whole rebel line fiew to arms at this tremendous 
cannonading, as did our own, and the men felt that another terrible drama was about to 
be enacted. But the infantry was restrahied, and the artillery was left to do its work. 
General Itosseau, who knew the stuff of which Loomis was composed, sent him word to 
let them go away unharmed. Loomis promised to obey, and kept liis word. After a 
quarter of an hour's work, five pieces of a brass-gun battery were dismounted and the 
battery almost destroyed. The remaining gun liujbered up and disappeared. The sec- 
ond battery was receiving admonitions to leave, Avliich they took in good part and disap- 
peai-ed to the right, leaving the road — alojig which our shots fell thick and fast— in utter 
disgust. I cannot say wliat the rebels lost hero in kiUod and wounded, but can speak 
pobitively as to the loss of live guns. Our own loss in killed was reported to me at 23, 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 615 

(Mid 127 wounded. When the "War Department oomes to sum up Its heroes and the honors 
to be conferred, let it not, if heroes overbalance the honors, blot out the name of that 
admirable soldier and unflinching patriot who bears the name of Loomis." 

A special correspondent of the Advertiser and Tribune wrote: 

" On the 26th of December, 18C3, we took up the Uno of march from Nashville to Mur- 
freesboro. The day was a cold and sullen one. About noon we arrived at Nolansville, a 
small village eighteen miles i'rom Nashville, and found the place deserted with the oxoep- 
tion of a tew families. Several of the houses were badly damaged by our artillery firing 
on the rear guard of the enemy. Cannonading being hoard on our left and front, we cau- 
tiously advanced three miles further, and formed a line of battle. Our division was kept 
in reserve and consequently in the rear. The rebels, however did not make a stand, and 
after two hours spent shivering under a drenching rain we fell back about a quarter of a 
mile and encamped for the night. 

'* On the following day wo struck tents, but it was lato in the afternoon before we could 
move on. Our division took a mountainous and extremely muddy road leading into the 
Murfreesboro pike, and about 11 o'clock we bivouacked for the night. 

"The next morning we resumed our marcli and reached the pike about ten miles from 
Murfreesboro. Cannonading could distinctly be heard occasionally. About dark we 
encamped within one and a half miles of the enemy's lines. 

"December 31st. This morning we moved up in front of the enemy. Our left wing 
was commanded by General Crittenden, the right by General McCook, and the center by 
General Thomas, We were among the troops composing the center. The river at this 
point is shaped similar to a horse shoe. The rebels occupied the north side in our front, 
their line of battle extending across the middle of the shoe. About 10 o'clock the firing 
became brisk on both sides, especially in a thick cedar grove on the right of the field. 
Here an accident occurred which came very near proving disastrous to our cause. Early 
in the day Jolinson's division, which composed part of the right wing, was surprised, and 
the whole wing driven back nearly two miles, with a loss of a brigade and two or three 
batteries captured. This left us exposed to a tcirible cross fire. Our infantiy in the 
cedars were driven back in a perfect panic, while it was only through the skillful manage- 
ment of Colonel Loomis that we got out of this slaughter-pen safe and without the loss of 
a gun. A large portion of our infantry were running panic-stricken in all directions, while 
we were obliged to fall back half a mile. Presently a few of the batteries were planied 
in different parts of the field and then opened a most galling fire on the enemy. Our 
battery, which was stationed in a most important and perilous position, drew forth re- 
peated praises for the terrible execution it did among the enemy's infantry. The battery 
was recognized by the rebels and a most desperate attempt was made to take it. It was 
a terrible charge, but a most disastrous one for them. Every man of the battery stood 
bravely and firmly at his post, while the bullets flew around us like hail. Some of the 
guns were double-shotted with canister, and the firing became most rapid, the rebels fall- 
ing by hundreds. A small party of rebels was seen emerging from the woods, bearing a 
white handkerchief. The firmg was stopped and thoy surrenderee!. Their brigade colors, 
which they bore, were takenfrom them by an ollicer of the 10th AVisconsui Infantry. 
General Bosseau declared that we should have the flag. The prisoners slated that out 
of six thousand men that chaiged the battery, they were all that weie hjft — about fifteen. 
Thus the center, and perhaps the whole army, was saved from a most disgracelul defeat. 
"We remained on the battlefield over night. As the night was wet and chilly, and fires 
were prohibited, we suftered severely. The cold was so intense that the men could not 
sleep. Accompanied by a few comrades, I took a stroll over the field. Vie witnessed 
some horrible sigiits. Mangled and mutilated forms lay in all duections, and the air was 
filled with the groans of the wounded. In a conversation with a few of the rebels who 
lay wounded from our canister, I learned that a large number of tlioir Tennessee troops 
have mutinied and refuse to fight any longer. They have no hopes of gaining their inde- 
pendence. Some of our boys took them some coffee and crackers. 

"New Years was spent in quietness with the exception of slight skirmishing In front. 
The next day a most desperate struggle ensued on the left. The rebeib wfi«' driven back, 
and routed with terrible loss. This was a splendid victory, and richly repaid u.k lor Lho 
disgraceful defeat of our right wing. When the news was brought to the (.entfr the air 
was filled with deafening cheers from the troops, while there miglit have brt-n sei-n a fitlte 
band of men standing bravely at their posts by the guns, headed by CoIoikm Loomis, with 
hearts overflowing with gratitude, givuig ' seven and a tiger ' lor MidiiKau and Lho i'ederul 
army. Well may she be proud of that noble band -Loomis's Battery." 

It reinained in camp near Murfreesboro until June i.'4tli, 1803, when it 
moved with the advance ot tlie army under KosecrauB. Un ilie '«.'i»tli it silenced 



516 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

the batteries of the enemy at Hoover's Gap. Between the 4th and 19th of 
iSeptember it crossed the Tennessee river, Kaccoou and Lookout mountains, 
having on the way a skirmish at the foot of Lookout mountain. 

At Chickamauga, September 19th, the record is nobly maintained and 
ahuost ended. There, sooner than abandon its position, it suffered nearly 
annihilation, making one of the most determined defenses on record, dealing 
to the rebel hosts, pressing up in masses to the muzzle of the guns, utter 
destruction within its entire range, but finally had to surrender tlie guns so 
dearly prized, Lieutenant Van Pelt, its commander, fighting most heroicuily 
for their preservation, and dying by their side. 

" Fell as he was in act and mind, 
He left no bolder heart behind; 
Then give him, for a soldier meet, 
A soldier's cloak for a winding sheet." 

Mr. Greeley, in noticing this great struggle on the 19th, says: 
"It was now 9 A. M., and while Baird and Brannan were making the required move- 
ments, Palmer's division of Crittenden's corps came up and took position on Baird's right. 
By 10 A. M. Croxton's brigade of Brannan's division had become engaged, driving back 
FoiTest's cavalry, when Ector's and Wilson's infantry brigades were sent in by "Walker to 
Forrest's support. Croxton, of course, was brought to a dead halt; but now Thomas 
sent up Baird's division, and the rebel brigades were hurled back badly cut up. Here- 
upon Walker, in turn, sent up Liddel's division, making the odds against us two to one, 
when Baird was in turn driven, the rebels charging through the lines of the 14th, 16th, 
and 18th U. S. regulars, taking two batteries. 

" One of the batteries here lost was the 1st Michigan, formerly Loomis's, regarded by 
the whole army with pride, and by those who served in it with an affection little short of 
idolatry. It had done yeoman service on many a hard-fought field, and was fondly 
regarded as well nigh invincible. But now abandoned by its supports, who recoiled 
before a rebel charge in overwhelming force, with aU its horses shot, and most of its mea 
killed and wounded, it could not be drawn off, and was doomed to be lost." 

The entire loss of the battery at Ohickamauga was 1 officer and 13 men 
killed or wounded and 13 missing, while about 50 horses were killed or 
disabled. 

The above statement is incorrect so far as it relates to the loss of guns. The 
entire battery was not captured, one gun being brought from the field. 

After the death of Captain Van Pelt an aid-de-camp delivered orders to the 
battery to retire and save themselves if possible. The rebels at this time, in 
considerable force, had entered the space occupied by the battery, and were 
really in possession of some of the guns, and it was found impossible to hold 
the position, and at the same time just as impossible to save all the guns by 
retiring. However the attempt was made, but as over 60 horses had been 
killed or disabled the guns could not be moved. One gun, the horses of which 
had been somewhat sheltered by timber, escaped injury. The cannoneers of 
this piece hurriedly ran it back to the limber, "limbered up," and ran the 
piece off. This was the only gun brought from the field. Lieutenant A. H. 
Bachman had charge of the section to which this gun belonged. In the saving 
of this piece much credit is due to Sergeant H. E. Burchard, afterwards pro- 
moted to a lieutenaiitcy for bravery and great detei'miuation in his efforts to 
save it, and that, too, in the face of the enemy. Lieutenant Bachman, while 
retiring with this part of his section, turned on the rebel colonel commanding 
the advancing f jrce, rapidly pressing the gallant little squad in overwheiiniug 
numbers. Biieliman attempted to fire upon him, but, most singularly, every 
cap exploded in its turn, but there was no discharge ; and, more singular still. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 51? 

when he got from the field he recapped his revolver and every barrel discharged. 
Bachman says it was a happy miss for him, for if his revolver liad gone off 
the colonel wonld most certainly have fallen, which would have at once 
brought a volley upon him and he would have been numbered among the dead 
of Chickamauga. 

The strong attachment of the men to this battery and all that belonged to 
it was most forcibly illustrated on this occasion by John W. Streeter, after- 
wards a lieutenant, now a physician in Chicago. After the retired gun was 
safely out of shot range he noticed that the sponge bucket, in the hurrv to get 
from under the rebel fire had been forgotten ; he at once returned again to the 
field, exposed to the enemy's fire, and brouglit it safely back to his gun. 

The loss of these guns, so long their every day companion, and their 
defenders at Perryville, Stone lliver, and Chickamauga, was a source of 
irredeemable sorrow, and they clung to the saved one like a mother to a saved 
child, when all but that one had perished in the storm of the angry sea. 

But they were not doomed to mourn always; time was passing, and with it 
was to come their relief. Towards evening of the first day's battle one of the 
guns was delivered them with three caissons, with one disabled limber. Next 
morning it was ascertained that two more of the guns had been recaptured and 
were out some distance on tiie pike. Lieutenant Wilber, then in command of 
the battery, and a squad of men went out and secured them. This gave tlie 
battery four of the guns with caissons, but they were unfit for service and so 
reported to General Rosecrans, who ordered the battery to Chattanooga. The 
third day of the battle the battery reported two guns fit for service and went 
to the front but did not become engaged, and were returned to Chattanooga 
and assigned to a position near the railroad in front of Mission Ridge. 

For the most valuable of this account regarding Cliickamauga the compiler 
is indebted to Mr. James T. Beadle, of Detroit, who was a member of the 
battery from its organization and was present in all its engagements, including 
Chickamauga, its greatest and its last. 

At the battle of Mission Ridge, one more of these guns was recaptured and 
returned and after the fall of Atlanta another was received, making up the 
entire number captured at Chickamauga. 

Extract of a letter written to Colonel Loomis by Brigadier General Willich, 
formerly Colonel 32d Indiana, dated Chattanooga, October 1st, 18G3 : 

"Is it fate, synipathy, or was it accident? On the moniin;; of the first day's battle 
(Chtcliumauga; General Thomas's lines were brokou aud live pieces of your artillery 
(Battery A) captured. The 2d division, viith my brigade, the 32d Indiana leading on the 
right, came to the rescue. Your own shell and canister were hurled Into our ranks, 
aimed by rebel gunners. With bayonets fixed we charged their lines aud drove them one 
aud a quarter miles, retaking the five pieces from them. The 32d Indiana recaptured two 
guns, the *19th Ohio also took two, and the 89th Illinois one. Had wo known at the time 
these guns were a portion of your battery, the rebels would have been greeted with a 
hurrah for old Loomis." 

Although General "Willich undoubtedly captured the number of guns men- 
tioned in his letter, yet, according to the statements made by members of the 
battery and which is uiKiucstionably correct, he could not have taken more 
than three guns of the Loomis battery. 

A correspondent of the New York Herald wrote as follows: 

" Attached to Scribnor's Brigade was the famous Loomis Batten,-,— that gallant gentle- 
man no longer in command, but he hud a worthy successor; and, though the battery no 
longer exists but to be turned against us, Looujis may feel proud that liis battery and 
meu expired in a blaze of glory. Lieutenant Van Pelt, in command of the buLtory, in 



518 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

dying at his guns, has given to the history of the war an incident which will form one of 
its brightest pages. Men grow to be attached to their guns — the natural result of that 
feature of disciphne which inculcates the maxim that it is a great dishonor to lose a bat- 
tery. Van Pelt was proud of his guns. They had grown to be a terror to the enemy. 
They had figured in the war as the originator of rebel fears much in the same sense that 
gunboats had. The rebels talked of Loomis's battery as excuses for defeats, and^magni- 
fied every force whom they fought by speaking of ' Loomis's Battery ' as a ' part of the 
enemy's force.' The men, too, loved the guns, and many sealed their devotion on that 
day with their blood; and principal among them was Van Pelt. With his horses killed, 
his men dead, and his supports overwhelmed and driven back, the enemy rushed upon his 
battery. Van Pelt, as the last act of his young life, drew his sword and sprang to the 
front of his pieces with that inexplicable frenzy which inspires with strength as with cour- 
age; he cried (so his men say), with a voice of thunder, ' Don't dare to touch 'em!' On 
the inexorable wave of glistening bayonets surged, over and past him, burying him under 
his lost guns. " 

A correspondent of the Cincinnati Gazette says of the battery in the same 
engagement: 

" The 2d, 33d, and 94th Ohio, the 38th Indiana, the 10th Wisconsin, and Loomis's Bat- 
tery are composed of the best material in their respective States, and their commander, 
Scribner, succeeded in infusing into them his own magnanimous and gallant spirit. Gath- 
ering together their broken ranks under the infernal fire which every instant mowed them 
down, and following their heroic leader, they charged the dense legions surrounding 
them, and like a whirlwind in a forest tore their way through. 

"But alas! the guns of the immortal 1st Michigan Battery were left behind— those 
black, stern-looking, rifled cannon, each one of whom I had come to regard with a feeling 
of almost reverential awe. I had seen them flinging destruction into the ranks of the 
traitors, and never knew them once turned against a legion of my country's enemies 
which they did not scatter like leaves before the blast. Even in the opinion of the rebels 
themselves, Loomis had made these guns invincible. They were commanded now by a 
young man who, possessing naturally the noblest qualities, had thoroughly learned the 
lessons of his teachers, and promised to prove a most worthy successor, even to Loomis 
himself — Lieutenant Van Pelt. Van Pelt loved his pieces with the same unselfish devo- 
tion which he manifested for his wife. In the desperate conflict which broke around 
Scribner's brigade, he managed the battery with much dexterity and coolness, and for some 
moments rocked the very trees over the heads of the rebels by the fiery t>lasts from his 
guns. But his horses were shot down. Many of his artillerists were killed or wounded. 
The infantry supporting him had been compelled to turn and cut their way through the 
enemy, and a horde of traitors rushed up to the muzzles of the now harmless pieces. 
Van Pelt, almost alone, stationed himself in front of them and drew his sword. ' Scoun- 
drels,' said he, 'dare not to touch these guns!' The miserable barbai-ians, unable to 
appreciate true heroism, brutally murdered him where he stood. The history of the war 
furnishes not an instance more touching or more sublime than the death of Lieutenant 
Van Pelt. . 

"All the guns of the battery save one fell into the hands of the enemy." 

The battery was stationed at Chattanooga during 1864, twenty-two of the 
members having re-enlisted as veterans in January of that year. 

Up to the close of the war it remained at that point, having been in com- 
mand of Lieutenant Francis E. Hale from October, 1863, until the 18th of 
June, 1864, when Lieutenant A. W. Wilbur again assumed command, retain- 
ing it until the muster out of the battery. 

While in service it had encountered the enemy at Rich Mountain, W. Va., 
July 11, 1801; Elkwater, W. Va., September 11, 12, 1861; Green Briar, W. 
Va., October 3, 1861; Bowling Green, Ky., February 14, 1863; Perry ville, 
Ky., October 8, 1863; Bridgeport, Ala., April 39, 1863; Gunther's Landing, 
Ala., May 15, 1863; Athens, Ala., May 39, 1863; Whitesboro, Ala., June 
1863; Stone liiver, Tenn., December 31, 1863, January 1, 3, 3, 1863 ; Hoover's 
Gap, Tenn., June 35, 1863; Chickanuuiga, Ga., September 19,20, 1863; 
Lookout Mountain, ^November, 1863; Mission Kidge, Tenn., November 25^ 
1863. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 519 

It retnrned to Michigan July 13tli, 1865, uiul on the 28th of that month 
was mustered out of service at Jackson, and soon after wiis paid and dis- 
charged. 

The guns recaptured were all identified as those lost at Chickamauga, and the 
battery was allowed to bring them to ^licliigau where they are now iu posses- 
sion of the State, and will be highly prized by the people, as relics of the war, 
and especially as the guns of a battery which rendered sucli galhmt and ellec- 
tive service to the country, and which reflected so much honor upon Michigan. 

During its service it had borne on the rolls 311 ollicers and men, and lost 
killed in action 1 ofiticer and 10 men, died of wounds 1 man, and 25 of disease. 

Although this correspondent covers some matter already included, yet the 
sketch being so full it is inserted : 

" The battery left Detroit on the morning of the 31st day of May, 1861, for Camp Den- 
nison, Ohio, with six brass guns of six pounds calibre. A short time only was spent in 
this locality, when it was ordered to Marietta, on the Ohio river, twelve miles above Par- 
kersbuig, Virginia, and on the Ohio side. From here they entered the Southern Confed- 
eracy on the 2Uth day of June, by way of Parkersburg, in company with the yih Ohio 
Infantry, commanded by Colonel McCook, who, it will bo remembered was killed by 
guerrillas below Wartrace, Tenn., 1862. At Clarksburg the guns were placed in battery 
to receive in a proper manner the promised visit of Governor Wise, wtiich was, according 
to appointment, to have been made on that day, the 28th of June. It was notciUied upon 
however, to begin its career of honor on this occasion, as the valiant commander of 
Western Virginia guerrillas did not see lit to fulfill his engagement per agreement, and 
this maiden eliort in the art of war simply indicated the willingness of the men to act 
when a call should be made. From Clarksburg the line of march was taken up for Kich 
Mountain, the boas-ted stronghold of that section, and a point Jeff Davis denied the power 
of 2U,U00 Yankees to capture. It was done, however, with less than one-eighth of that 
force, led by the gallant McClellan and Rosecrans. In this engagement which took place 
on the nth day of July, the share performed by the battery was light, but it was there 
they were tirst under hre. After the capture of this point, the army advanced to Hutton- 
ville, about twenty-five or thirty miles to the southwest of Rich Mountain, and for a few 
months were encamped in Cheap Mountain Pass. No engagement was had in which the 
battery participated while in this camp. In September it was ordered to Elkwater, or 
Tygart Valley, where it remained for some time. Here it was engaged in a number of 
skiinnshes, by sections of two guns. At Mingo Flats two guns were engaged with the 
advance of a rebel army under Floyd. Again, at the advance of the same rebel general 
upon the works at Elkwater, a section was engaged; also at the battle of Elkwater. 
During the fight at Cheat Mountain Summit the battery was engaged in dividing the 
attention of ihe enemy by an attack in the rear. It was at Elkwater the Parrot guns, 
since so well handled by them, were received, and the old brass pieces turned over to the 
Quartermaster. A number of Ught skirmishes varied the monotony of camp Ufo at Elk- 
water, but not until the 3d day of October, 1861, was the battery eng.iged in a pitched 
battle, wliere a thorough knowledge of its dangers and hartlships was all'orded to mem- 
bers. Here for six hours, after a march of 3b miles, from the valley on tlie west to the 
valley on the east of Cheat Mountain, with comparatively no rest, was it engaged in an 
artillery duel confined withing the narrow limits of Greenbnar Valley, under as hot a fire for 
a short time as could bo furnished by the rebels, safely ensconced behind their fortifications, 
in this engiigeinent not a man or horse was lost, not a gun was injured, although the ground 
through the battery was scared with furrows deep enough for a man to lie ui and be conipleto- 
iy concealed from sight; and Howe's battery adjoining it on the right lost quite heavily both 
iii men and horses. From the time of leaving Cheat Mountain Summit, twelve o'clock at 
luglit previous to the battle, until it was again reached upon the night of the engageiiieut, 
neither men or horses had rest. Comparatively nothing was done after the return to 
Elkwater from Greenbriar, excepting an occasional skirmish, and the troops then occupying 
that valley were ordered to whiter quarters, with tlie chilly expectation of a winter resi- 
dence in that inhospitable region. This, however, was spared them, as orders wore 
received to proceed to PhUippi, near the lino of tho Baltimore and Ohio railroad, there to 
remain until further orders. But two weeks were spent there boloro orders were received 
to report to General BueU, then cunnuanding the Army of the Ohio, with his headquarters 
at LouisvUle Tho latter place was reached December 28tli, 1S61, whero a brief rest wua 
allowed to recover from the fatigues of atrip of about 800 miles by railroiui, 8teaiuix)at, and 
marches. From Louisville it proceeded to Bacon Creek, whero it roiuoiuod several weeks. 
While there the battery experimented under General O. M. Mitchell hi t^irgot practice, 
and lorwarded to the War Departnitnt at Washington a record of the best ariillory shoot- 



530 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

ing ever made. It was here that the battery first served as cavalry, and in which they 
exhibited such ability, that on repeated occasions they were mounted and used in that 
capacity. 

"From Bacon Creek the line of march was taken up for Bowling Green, then consid- 
ered the rebel stronghold in Kentucky. This battery was the first that crossed the new 
brige spanning Green Paver at Munfordsville which had just been completed, and took the 
advance upon Bowling Green. The latter place was reached on the 14th of Februaiy, 
a position taken on Baker's Hill, and valentines thrown into the rebel encampment, when 
they were under the impression that tlie advance of BueU's army was only at Cave City, 
some thirty miles from them. The rebels were startled from active preparations for a 
retreat and destruction of all their stores that could not be carried away by the whistle of 
a sheU, directed at a locomotive steamed up, and over a mile and three-quarters from the 
battery. Such was the precision of the Parrot guns that the first shell passed through 
the engine, disabling it and detaining nine others that could not be removed on account 
of its obstructing the track. A fire so rapid and accurate was kept up that the rebels 
hurried off before half their plans were completed for either the removal or destruction of 
their stores. To reach Bowling Green at the time they did the battery traveled twenty- 
one miles between daylight and noon, the last four miles being in twenty-seven minutes. 
They reached Baker's Hfil and opened with no support within twelve miles except part of 
the 4th Ohio Cavalry, then only armed with sabres. From Bowling Green the trip to 
Nashville was made without an occurrence of interest, further than that a distance of 
thirty-seven miles was traveled the last day, and their arrival in Edgefield, opposite Nash- 
ville, with no more support than when shelling Bowling Green. At Nashville, the battery 
boys as cavalry, had numerous chases after Morgan. From this point to Huntsville, 
Alabama, nothing further than an occasional skirmishing occurred. While in Huntsville 
the same mixed duties of artillery and cavalry marked their campaigning. On the 29th 
of May two guns were sent to Bridgoport, and engaging the enemy assisted in winning 
the short but lively battle of that name. 

" The battery was divided most of the time that General Mitchel occupied Northern 
Alabama. One piece was on a home-made gunboat cruisuig up and down the Tennessee 
vi^er, another on the railroad and patroling duty, others at various points on detached 
service. On the first day of August, 1862, the battery left Huntsville, the last of the 
combined armies of Generals Buell and Mitchell, on the memorable retreat to Louisville, Ky, 
This retreat did not change its military aspect until Louisville was reached. After two 
months of alternate marching, skirmishing, and hours spent in line of battle, watching, the 
latter place was reached, from which point the retreat changed into an advance, and on the 
8th of October the battle oi Perry viUe or Chaphn Hills was fought, in which this battery took 
an active part, sustaining a heavy loss, both in men and horses. Thirty-three horses 
were killed and disabled in this fight. Only one man, however, lost his life, but 18 men 
were severely wounded. 

" After this battle a succession of marches and skirmishes made up its history, until the 
battle of Murfreesboro, Tennessee, where for four long days and nights the battery was 
actively engaged, with a loss at its termination of twenty-two men kfiled, wounded, and 
missing, and nearly forty horses. From this time to the engagement at Chickamauga 
the usual amount of marching and sku'mishing was done, and a brief and hvely engage- 
ment at Hoover's Gap, in which the battery participated, forms its history. At Chicka- 
mauga, however, the last battle in which it engaged, the battery sustained a terrible loss, 
having more than one-half its members, either killed, wounded, or captured, together 
with five of its previously invincible guns. " 

Notes. — One of the horses furnished at Coldwater by Mr. Clark was known in the battery 
by the name of ' ' Old Sam." This horse was brought back as a relic, and on being released 
from a railroad car went of his own accord direct to his old stable in that city and into 
the stall where he had been origuially kept. 

Sam was given b)^ Colonel Loomis to Mr. Clark, and was the only one left of the orig- 
inal horses tliat left the State with the battery. 

From the " Annals of the Army of the Cumberland:" 

" Diiriiis- tlie liailleol' Friday, at Stone river. General Kosseaii rode up to Loomis's battery and 
saw tliere a yoiUli of the battery holiling liorses, and in the midst of a very tempest of sliot and 
shell, lie was so unconscious of fear, and so elated and excited, lliat, being debarred from hetter 
occupation than holding horses, Ins lugh spirits found vent in sliouting out songs and dancing to 
the music. The General was so well pleased wiih his whole deportment, that he rode uj) to him 
and said: ' Well done, my brave boy ; let me shake liands with you.' A few days after the tight 
General Hosseau visited the camp of the battery, and mentioniiig the circumstance to the com- 
manding ollicer, expressed a desire to see the yoiith again. 'Step out, McCarty'',' said the officer. 
The youth came forward, blusliing deeply. The General again commended his conduct, and said: 
'I shook hamls with you on ilie hai llelield, and now I wish to do it again in the presence of your 
brother soldiers. BIny you carry tlie same brave spirit through the war, and come out safely at 
lusi, as you are sure to'conie out lionoi-ably.' The General again shook his hand warmly in the 
Xwesence of his officers and of his companions " 

♦James McOarty was afterwards killed in the battle of Chickamauga. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 621 

BATTERY B. 

Battery B was organized at Grand Eapids, and was raised with the ?d Cav- 
alry, but did not go to the field with it. It was uuistered into ilic eervico of 
the United States with a strength of 110 officers and men, on November 26th, 
18G1. Its officers were: Captain, William H. Koss, Detroit; First Lieu- 
tenant, William S. Bliss, Detroit; First Lieutenant, Albert IL F. Arndt, 
Detroit; Second Lieutenant, Cuthbert W. Laing, Detroit. 

It left the State for the field in command of Captain Ross, on the 17th of 
December, 1801, clothed and mounted, but without guns. The battery first 
met the enemy in the battle at Pittsburg Landing, April Cth, lS(j-^\ where it 
became heavily engaged, doing efficient and gallant service, but after a severe 
struggle, being attacked repeatedly by an overwhelming force, it was cut off 
from its infantry support, losing four of its six pieces, with 5'i officers and 
men prisoners in the hands of the enemy, including Captain Ross and Lieu- 
tenants Bliss and Arndt. 

A dispatch to the Chicago Times says : 

"There was more fighting over this battery than any other battery on the field. The 
rebel troops attacked it under the immediate direction of General Bcaiiiogard, who uri^ed 
forward three regiments, and who at the time received a bullet wound iu ihe arm from a 
volley delivered by our troops." 

Chicago Tribune account: 

" The fight over this battery was conducted by General Beauregard in person. In his 
efforts he was wounded in the arm." 

Following is a letter of Lieutenant Laing, the only officer in the battery who 
escaped capture, and who saved a seotiou : 

PlTTSBTTBG LANDING, TkNN., / 

April loth, li>U2. \ 

I am sorry to inform you that Captain W. H. Koss and Lieutenants W. S. Bliss and A. 
F. R. Arndt, together with fortj^-nine men of the Second battery are prisoners of war in 
the hands of the enemy, with four guns of the battery. 

I will give a hasty sketch of our action in the battle: On Sunday morning, about 6 
o'clock, we heard heavy firing, but it seemed to be some distance from us. We were pre- 
paring to be reviewed with General Hurlbut's division. At 7 o'clock, when about to sit 
down to breakfast, the firing appeared to be close upon us. 

The Captain ordered all out, and in a few minutes we started in the direction of the 
firing. We had not gone more than a mUe when we came into position and opened fire. 
The enemy's fine of battle could be seen very distinctly. We were soon ordered to retire 
to allow the infantry to advance, but after a few minutes we moved forward again, beaiiug 
to the right. This was on a clear open field. 

We held this position about an hour and a half, and then retired again, and took another 
position, beside a log house. Hero was our hottest place; the fire was terrific. Alter 
this we could not get any support, the infantry were retiring so fast. 

The battle-field had now extended to our camp. The Captain directed me to get as 
much of my section away as possible in case of probable capture. I started in company 
with the orderly, but could only use four horses, with which I started with the I'armtt 
gun in the direction of the river. I left a corporal to spike the six-pounder should the 
enemy advance before I returned; but to my astonishment on returning I found the enemy 
had driven us in over a mile. I could hear nothing of the battery. 

I then took a direction to the right, when I saw General Sherman, and got in front of 
his line, but was soon ordered back, and had just got inside of the line wlien lie opened 
fire. 

At five o'clock I learned that the batterj' and all the men who were with it were cap- 
tured by rebel cavalry very near the position where I left them. 

Our Captain has won quite a name. General Uurlbut says our battery supported liim 
better than any other during the whole of Sunday. 

C. W. LAING, 
Lieutenant 2d Michigan Battery. 

66 



532 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

Lientenant Bliss, with the other oflficers, was sent to Montgomery, Ala., 
where he was brutally murdered by a rebel sentinel, May Ist, 1863, under the 
following circumstances : He had permission, as many others had, to goto 
a house near the prison to purchase millc ; on this occasion it was for sick 
officers unable to do so themselves. On this errand of kindness he was «,ccom- 
panied by a sentinel, and while waiting for the canteens to be filled by the 
woman of the house, the sentinel roughly ordered him to " hurry up," to 
which he replied, "Yes, as soon as I get my canteens." The sentinel cocked 
his piece, placing the muzzle close to Bliss's breast. Bliss said, "I hope you 
will not shoot me." "Yes, I will, you damned Yankee," replied the sentinel, 
and at the moment fired. Bliss fell and never spoke again. He lived about 
three-quarters of an hour. 

'• After life's fitful fever he sleeps well; 
Treason has done his worst; nor steel, 
Nor poison, malice domestic, nothing can touch Mm further." 

The woman of the house where the murderous act was accomplished made 
this statement. Soon after she was compelled to leave the country and go 
North, being satisfied that her own life was in imminent danger ou account of 
many acts of kindness extended to Union prisoners at that pUice. 

The remaining section, in command of Lieutenant Laiug, was afterwards 
connected with a Missouri battery, and was engaged in the siege of Corinth in 
May, 1862, and at the battle of Corinth, October 3d and 4th following. 

The officers and men taken prisoners at the battle of Shiloh, having been 
exchanged, this battery, in command of Captain Ross, left Detroit December 
25th, 1862, for Columbus, Ky. It remained in that place, manning the 
guns in tlie fortifications, until January 4th, 1863, when it proceeded via 
Memphis, Tenu., to Corinth, Miss., where it arrived ou the 9th. During Jan- 
uary and February it was joined by the men who had been on detached service 
with the 1st Missouri Artillery, and received its guns, horses, and equipments. 
March 9th it marched to Bethel, Tenn. It was stationed at that point until 
June 7th, when it returned to Corinth. 

Captain Ross having been promoted to a majority, the battery, in command 
of Captain A. F. R. Arndt, was transferred from Corinth, Miss., to Puhiski, 
Tenn., early in November, 1863. In December, 48 of the enlisted men who 
were eligible, under orders to do so, reenlisted as veterans, and on the ?th of 
January, 1864, left Puhiski for their promised furlough in Michigan. Ren- 
dezvousing at Detroit, at the expiration of the furloughs, the battery again 
left for the field, and reached Pulaski, on its return, February 26th. On the 
19th of April Second Lieutenant John J. Calkins, of Battery C, was ordered 
by General G. M. Dodge to report to Captain Arndt, and continued on duty 
with Battery B until July 15th following. During this time, with a detach- 
ment of that battery, he was in command of works at Prospect, Tenn., antl at 
Decatur, Ala., and is reported by Captain Arudt to have rendered most 
valuable service. 

On the 21st of April Battery B moved to Athens, Ala., and on the 30th 
began its march, via iiuntsville, Bridgeport, Lookout mountain, Chattanooga, 
Resaca, and Kingston, towards Rome, at which place it arrived ou the 22d of 
May, having been engaged at Resaca, May 9th, losing two men severely 
wounded. It had also been engaged at Lay's Ferry on the 14th, at Calhoun 
on the 15th, and at Rome Cross Roads on the 16th, where Lieutenant Wright 
and two men were wounded. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAS. bZS 

At Rome the battery found and took possession of four light pieces of artil- 
lery and five 8-inch howitzers. On the 1-ith of October it left Rome and 
marched, via Calhoun, Kesuca, Snake Creek Gap, etc., to Cave Springs, Ga., 
having an engagement with the enemy at Turkey Creek on the 26th, without 
loss. During the month of October the battery marched 2o0 miles. Its loss 
in the year being, wounded in action 4, died of wounds 1, and 11 of disease. 

On November 1st, 18(3-1, the battery lelt Cave Springs, in command of Cap- 
tain Arndt, for Smyrna, where it arrived on the 0th, whence it started with 
General Sherman's army on tlie Savannah campaign on the 13th, and on the 
22d became engaged with the enemy atGriswold, with a loss of seven wounded, 
two losing each a leg, and one an arm, and six hor.-^es killed. Captain Arndt 
being among the wounded. In this affair the battery accomplished most 
excellent service, distinguishing itself by rapid and elfcctive tiring, doing great 
execution. In this engagement the brigade with which it was serving, num- 
bering in all only about 1,500, defeated tlie enemy, having a much superior 
force, of which from 1,500 to 2,000 were killed, wouuaed, or takLMi pris- 
oners, while the entire loss of the brigade was not over 80. The conduct of 
both officers and men of the battery was most gallant, lighting until the last 
round of ammunition was gone, the horses of one gun all killed, and the piece 
was barely saved by drawing it from the field by the prolong. 

Following is the report of Captain Arndt: 

Headquabters Battery B, First Mich. Artillery, ) 
In the field, Georgia, iS'ov. 27, 1864. ) 
E. G. Harlow, Lt. and A. A. Gen'l: 

Sir,— I have the honor lierewith to transmit my report of the part taken by a section of 
my battery, commanded by Lieutenant Ernst, in the engagement with the enemy on the 
22d Inst., near Griswold. 

Immediately after the infantry lines were formed I placed my section in position to 
command the open field in our front and the Griswold road. About 2 o'clock P. il. the 
enemy formed, appearing on the edge of the woods, near a house. I opened with both 
pieces on the house with shell, and as the enemy disappeared at that point, I ceased 
firing. Having then learned the direction from which tlie enemy would approach us, I 
tried to place one of my pieces in a better position, so as to be able to give a cross lire in 
case of their advance across the field, though before I was able to cut the road tiuough 
the thick brush and take the piece to the new position the enemy had re-formed and com- 
menced tiring quite Uvely, at the same time advancing on our line, which compelled mo to 
leave the pieces in their position. The following men of my command were severely 
wounded: Corporal Frederick Beninghoff lost his leg; Private Chas. Baughman lost his 
right leg; Private Richard Shuman lost his right arm; Private Jesse C. Benjamin received 
a musket ball through the left arm; Private John Endlick wounded in the toot. The fol- 
lowing men were slightly wounded: Corporal Wm. Chrouch and Private Jacob Wolf, 

I consider it my duty to mention the bravery and coolness of my men during the entire 
engagement, and it is almost impossible to point out the bravest, as each stood faitldiilly 
at his post until the last round of ammunition was fired. One of the No. 1, \\'. Plumb, 
continued to load his piece alter the sponge and rammer had been shot to pieces while 
loading the gun. Lieutenant Ernst, Sergeant Scott, Corporal Onier, Privates Frink, 
Mclntyre, and Hoyle distinguisrhed thcms<'lves for coolness and bravery during the liriug, 
and afterwards in taking the pieces from the field, which had to be done by prolong, as all 
the horses on one piece were killed or in use taking wounded men to the rear. 

I lost bix horbes, shot down by musket and cannon ball. 

I was then obliged to leave the lield with the section, as my ammunition had given out, 
and half of my cannoneers were disabled. 

I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, 

A. F. R. ARNDT, 
Capl. Commanding Battery. 

Engaging again the enemy on the 8th of December following, at tlio Ogee- 
chee river, and also in front of Savannah from the 11th to the 20tli. it entered 



524 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

that city on the 21st. Leaving Savannah Jan. 19th, 1865, it arrived at Poco- 
taligo, S. C, on the 23d, and in command of Lieutenant E. B. Wright, started 
on Sherman's campaign through South and North Carolina, on the 30th, and 
on February 6th engaged the enemy at Salkehatchie river, and again on Feb- 
ruary 15th, at Congaree river, near Columbia, and arrived at the latter place 
on the 20th. Passing through Cheraw March 4th, it arrived at Fayetteville 
on the 12th, and on the 20th, the battery then commanded by Captain Wright, 
Captain Arndt having been promoted to a Majority in the regiment, became 
engaged with the enemy at Cox's bridge, on the Neuse river, and again on the 
21st at Bentonville, with a loss of one wounded. Thence it proceeded to 
Goldsboro, arriving there on the 24tl), and leaving that point on tlie 12th 
of April, it reached Ealeigh on the 14th, and started for Petersburg, Va., on 
the 29th, arriving there May 7th. On the 13th it passed through Richmond, 
arriving at Alexandria on the 19th, and participated in the review of General 
Sherman's army at Washington, D. C, on the 24th. On the 30th and 31st, 
its bi.triry was turned over to the ordnance department, at Washington, and 
on the first of June the officers and men left for Michigan ; arriving at Detroit 
oii the 6th, they were mustered out of service on the 14th, and soon after were 
paid off and disbanded. 

During its service it had been engaged at Pittsburg Landing, Tenn., April 
6, 1862; siege of Corinth, Miss., May 10 to 31, 1862; Corinth, Miss., Oct. 3, 
4, 1862 ; Resaca, Ga., May 9, 1864 ; Lay's Ferry, Ga., May 14, 1864; Calhoun 
Ferry, Ga., May 15, 1864; Rome X Roads, Ga., May 16, 1864; Cave Springs, 
Ga.j^Oct. 13, 1864; Turkey Ridge, Ala., Oct. 26, 1864; Gnswold, Ga., Nov. 
22, 1864; Ogeechee River, Ga., Dec. 8, 1864; Savannah, Ga., Dec. 11 to 20, 
1864; Salkehatchie River, S. C, Feb. 6, 1865; Columbia, S. C, Feb. 15, 
1865; Cox's Bridge, N. C, March 29, 1865; Bentonville, N. C, March 21, 
22, 1865. 

The battery had borne on its rolls 235 officers and men, and its loss was one 
officer and one man killed while prisoners in the hands of the enemy, and 33 
men died of disease. 

BATTERY C. 

The rendezvous of Battery C was at Grand Rapids. It was raised in con- 
nection with the 3d Cavalry, but did not take the field with that regiment. 
The muster into the United States service occurred on the 28th of November, 
1861, witli a strength of 109 on the rolls, including the following officers: 
Captain, Alexander W. Dees, Detroit; First Lieutenant, Richard W. Hawes, 
Buffalo, N. Y., Second Lieutenant, Robert 0. Sinclair, Hillsdale; Second 
Lieutenant, William H. Sinclair, Jonesville. 

The battery left Grand Rapids December 17th following, in command of 
Captain Dees, for the field in the western army. 

It was engaged with the enemy at Farmington, Miss., May 9th, 1862, and 
at the siege of Corinth from the 10th to the 31st of that month. 

Note. — On the Sherman inarch Battery B captured, at Raleiich, N. C, upon its evacua- 
jion by the rebels in April, 18G5, asmall brass gun of about 2. 50 calibre, with carriage and lim- 
Der. The gun is said to have been a part of General "Wheeler's cavalry armament. It has 
evidently seen much hard service, as it was origmally rilled, but the grooves, although visi- 
ble, are now nearly worn smooth; the carriage, also, shows marks of long service. This 
gun had been spilied and otherwise injured before being abandoned, but was put in order 
by the battery. On the march from Ilaleigh it was drawn by two horses at the head of 
the battery, passing through Petersburg, liichmond, and on to Washington, every where 
exciting much interest. It was turned over to the State by the battery on its return to 
Michigan, aud is now in the armory at Lansing.* 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 525 

On September 16th following tlie battery, in command of Captain Decs, 
was sent from Burnsville on a reconnoissance towards luka. Miss., made by 
the 2d brigade, 2d division, Army of the Mississippi. About six miles from 
that place the command was met by the enemy's pickets, which were driven 
in, and the force advanced. The line of battle was formed on a hill com- 
manding the country for about a mile. Two of tho guns of llie battery (10- 
pounder Parrot and lO-pounder howitzer) were placed on the brow of the hill, 
throwing shot and shell. The other two guns were soon after in position, and 
the firing continued for about fifteen minutes. Tlie force advanced tlirouf^h 
an open field below the hill, and, reaching the wood on the other side, turned 
to the right, when the infantry and cavalry advanced and opened fire on the 
enemy. The firing was brisk on both sides for a short time, when a retreat 
was ordered, the battery covering. On falling back to the hill before men- 
tioned a halt was made; the battery reopened fire and shelled in several direc- 
tions. On the advance of the skirmishers toward a wood about a mile distant 
the enemy opened a brisk fire from the edge of the wood, when the battery 
again opened fire from a 10-pounder Parrot, slielliiig the enemy with such 
good effect that he very soon left the wood. Soon night came on and the 
firing ceased. 

On the morning of October 3d, 1862, the battery, in command of Lieu- 
tenant George Robinson, with a section of the 8th Wisconsin Battery, all 
being under the command of Lieutenant 0. A. Lamberg, of Battery C, 
marched from a point on the Kossuth road, four miles from Corinth, with the 
1st brigade, 2d division, Army of the Mississippi, toward Corinth, and took a 
position southwest of the town. On the morning of the 4th the battery was 
stationed on the north of the Memphis and Charleston railroad depot. About 
4 A. M. the enemy commenced shelling the town, throwing several shells into 
the battery, but without effect. The battery was placed in position a short 
distance to the right, and afterwards in rear of General Rosecrans's heiui- 
quarters, with an Ohio battery ou its right. Seeing the enemy's skirmishers 
iu front, firing was commenced on them about 8 A. M., when they disap- 
peared. Later in the day a large force of the enemy appeared, advancing on 
the right and front of the battery, when it again opened fire, driving tliem 
back into the woods. They soon advanced in greater force, when the guns 
were double-shotted with canister and a rapid firo was opened with good effect 
for about an hour, but the enemy continued to advance. The infantry on the 
right of the Ohio battery broke, when it limbered up and retired, leaving the 
right flank of the Michigan battery exposed and without support. The 
enemy being within twenty yards of the guns, and unable to maintain the 
position, it limbered to the rear and moved to the south side of the Mempliis 
and Charleston railroad, and from there to the rear of General Rosecrans's 
headquarters, when the firing ceased, the enemy being driven back at all 
points in a very demoralized condition. During the engagement the battery 
est 11 in wounded and missing, and had 6 horses killed and 8 wounded. 

On this occasion it acquired a high reputation for elliciency and bravery and 
as a serviceable and reliable battery. 

Marching from Corinth on November 2d, 1862, it encam[>ed at Grand Junc- 
tion on tiie 4ih, and on the 11th marched to Davis's Mills. On the 2yth one 
section engaged the enemy at Jjumpkins's Mills, disabling two of the rebel 
guns, and, with the cavalry brigade, forced the enemy into his earthworks 
at the Tallahatchie river. December 11th, the battery, now in command of 



526 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

Captain George Robinson, was encamped at Oxford, Mississippi, thence it pro- 
ceeded to IjaG-range, and returned to Corinth January 7th, 1863, where it was 
stationed until the 13th of May. On the 20th of April one sectioo accom- 
panied General Dodge on an expedition into Alabama, and engaged the enemy's 
cavalry at Town Creek, returning to Corinth May 2d. On the 13th of May 
the battery proceeded to Memphis, Tenn., where it formed part of the garri- 
son until the 18th of October, when it marched to luka, and was there 
stationed November 1st. In March, 1864, it was stationed at Prospect, Ala- 
bama, and during that month moved to Decatur. 

It was on the Atlanta campaign and engaged with the enemy atResaca, Ga., 
May 14; Dallas, Ga., May 27; Big Shanty, Ga,, June 15; Kenesaw, Ga., 
June 25; Nickajack Creek, Ga., July 1; Decatur, Ala., July 20; siege of 
Atlanta, Ga., July 22 to August 25. 

From November 1, 1864, until the 12th, it was engaged in the pursuit of 
the forces under General Hood. On the 15th it commenced the march with 
General Sherman's army on the Savannah campaign, and on the 9th, 10th, 
and 11th of December it encountered the enemy near Savannah, and assisted 
in driving him inside his works. On the lOtii it engaged him all day, and on 
the 11th silenced some of his guns, dismounting one. The battery lay at 
Savannah until January 4, 1865, when it embarked on a transport for Beau- 
fort, S. C, and on the 16th was in camp at Pocotaligo. Breaking camp on 
the 29th, it moved on the Carolina campaign, and on February 9th came up 
with and engaged the enemy at the South Edisto river, losing one killed and 
one wounded, and reached Columbia on the 17th. Near Cheraw, on the 4th 
of March, it became again engaged and assisted in the capture of twenty-eight 
guns, and on the 13th crossed Cape Fear river at Fayetteville, N. C, when it 
participated in attacking the enemy at that i)oint, and in driving him from his 
position. At South River, N. C, on the 15tli, it again became engaged, and was 
in position at Bentonville on the 21st, and lay in camp at Goldsboro until the 
10th of March, when it started for Raleigh, reaching there on the 14th, and 
remaining in camp until the 29th, when it then moved, via Richmond, Va., to 
Washington, D. C, arriving there May 23d, and soon thereafter started for 
Michigan, reaching Detroit June 13th, and on the 22d was mustered out of 
service. 

Having been engaged with the enemy while in service at the siege of Cor- 
inth, Miss., May 10 to 31, 1862; Farmingtou, Miss., May 9, 1862; luka. 
Miss., September 17, 19, 1862; Corinth, Miss., Octobers, 4, 1862; Lumkin's 
Mills, Miss., November 29, 1862; Tallahatchie, Miss., November — , 1862; 
Town Creek, Ala., April, 1863; Resaca, Ga., May 14, 1864; Dallas, Ga., 
May 27, 1864; Big Shanty, Ga., June 15, 1864; Kenesaw, Ga., June 25, lb64; 
Nickajack Creek, Ga., July 1, 1864; Decatur, Ala., July 20, 1864; siege of 
Atlanta, Ga., July 22 to August 25, 1884; near Savannah, Ga., December 9, 
10, 11, 1864; South Edisto, S. C, February 9, 1865; Clieraw, S. C, March 
4, 1865; Fayetteville, N. C, March 13, 186*5; Bentonville, N. C, March 21, 
1865. 

This battery had carried on the rolls 239 officers and men, losing 2 men 
killed in action, 1 died of wounds and 31 of disease. Out of the above 53 
had reenlisted as veterans. 

BATTERY D. 

Battery D was organized with the lltii Infantry and had its rendezvous at 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 627 

Cold water. It was mustered iuto the service of the United States, September 
17th, 18G1. Its officers were: Captain, Alonzo F. Bidwell, Coldwater; First 
Lieutenant, Josiah W. Church, Coldwater; First Lieutenant, James M. 
Beedle, Union City; Second Lieutenant, Henry B. Corbin, Union City; Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, William Green, Wayne, Indiana. 

The battery left its reudezvous at Coldwater, December 9th, 18G1, taking 
the route to Kentucky. 

There are no records of its movements prior to June 2Cth, 1863, when it is 
reported as being in couimand of Captain Cliurch, Captain Bid well having 
resigned August 2d, 1862. It was engaged in the action at Hoovei-'s Gap, 
Tenn., on June 26th, 1863, and in the battle of Chickamauga, on the 19th 
and 20th September following. At Hoover's Gap it inflicted severe damage 
upon the enemy. Its loss in this action was one wounded. At Chickamauga 
it was heavily engaged, and overwhelmed by numbers had to abandon Ave of 
the pieces, bringing off a twelve-pounder howitzer. Its loss was nine wounded 
and three missing, Captain Church being among the wounded. 

A correspondent wrote as follows : 

"This battery was hotly engaged early in the battle of the 19th, being with the let 
brigade, 3d division, Idth corps. 

" The enemy advancing, the battery fired shell until they were within 200 yards, when 
seeing the support on the left break, it was ordered to double shot the guns with canister, 
and by firuig low and rapid, with the help of the infantry support on the right, the enemy 
were soon driven from our entire front, so far as could bo seen. 

" On the 20th at about 12 o'clock at night the battery was in the front line on the right 
of the 7th Ohio Infantry and on the left of the 11th Michigan Kegiment, belonging to Col- 
onel Stanley's brigade of Negley s division, and remained there until after dayliglit, after 
changing position several times with but little firing, until it arrived at the latter position. 
It had been in this position for about an hour when orders were received to limber up, the 
fighting being heavy on the left and gradually advancing in front upon the battery. "Wliile 
this was being accomplished the enemy attacked, and were immediately engaged as they 
advanced, having an enfilading fire on a portion of his force, and by hard firing for about 
fifteen minutes his advance was checked and a battery silenced which had been playing 
on the line. Firing then ceased for a short time, and until the enemy again engaged. 
The front was held in good order for some twenty minutes, when the enemy again ad- 
vanced obUquely on the right and in such overwhelming numbers that the support on the 
right was obliged to give way while endeavoring to change their front. The enemy was 
then so near that Captain Church ordered the guns double shotted with canister, which 
kept them back for a short time. The 7th Ohio having fallen back, the 82d Indiana 
advanced to the Une as a support, taking possession of a slight rail breastwork; but the 
firing proving too heavy for so small a body of men to contend with, they were obliged 
to fall back. All sui)port having failed and many horses shot, orders were given to move 
the pieces off by hand, and four were retired about fifty yards. Here three of them were 
limbered up with much difficulty under a most galling fire, and got away, moving to a 
ridge in the rear where the reserve artillery was posted. Fighting continued hero, and 
all that was saved of the batterj' was a twelve-pounder howitzer, having been obliged 
to abandon the other guns for want of horses, when Cajjtain Church, with what was left 
of his battery, moved to the rear on the Chattanooga road." 

Another correspondent wrote as follows: 

"No battery was more skillfully handled nor did better execution on that bloody battle- 
field than Church's, and although five of his guns wero captured after the horses were 
killed, ho has the proud satisfaction of hearing it said by his superiors tliat ' no commander 
could have fought longer under like circuuibtances, nor retreated from tlie field with 
more honor.' He maintained his position until the last, and made terrible liavoc among 
the rebel masses. At every discharge of his pieces— and the mosseiigerb foUcwed each 
other in quick succession — wide gaps were opened in the ranks of thu maddened foe; and, 
strange to say, they as often closed sucli gaps' as regularly as on dress parade. 

""S\'hen the rebel General Treston, who led the charge, got possobsion of the guns, ho 
looked around and inquired of a wounded soldier lyhig on the grouml, whose battery It 
was. 'Captain Church's Michigan Battery.' 'Well.' said ho, 'if you live to see Captain 
Church, give him my compliments, and tell him that ho had the d— est buttery that I over 



628 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

fought. I have lost over 400 men in taking it; but thank God, I have got it now, and 
mean to keep it." 

On the 1st of November, 1863, this battery was lying in camp at Chatta- 
nooga, Ti^nn. It was, on the 33d, furnished with a battery of ^0-pounder Par- 
I'ot guns, and took position in Fort Negley, one of the principal forts in the 
line of works at Chattanooga, and immediately in front of that place. The 
battery, from Fort Negley, shelled the enemy during the battles of tlie 23d, 
aith, and 25th of November. On the 24tii it aided in covering Hooker^s 
advance up Lookout Mountain, and on the 25th the assault on Mission Kidge. 
On the 5th of December the battery left Chattanooga for Nashville, where it 
remained during the winter. 

On the 30th of March, 1864, it was ordered to Murfreesboro, where it remained 
during the year, occupying "Redoubt Braunen," the flao- station of Fort 
Kosecrans. The battery was then in command of Captain H. B. Corbin, Cap- 
tain Church having been promoted to a Majority in the regiment. 

While the rebel General Hood was operating against Nashville, his right 
resting near Murfreesboro, the battery was engaged with his forces at various 
times, from the 12th to the 16th of December, 1864. 

It continued on duty at Fort Eosecrans until July 15th 1865, when it pro- 
ceeded in command of Captain Jesse Fuller, to Michigan, reaching Jackson 
on the 22d. It was mustered out of service on the 3d of August, and was 
soon thereafter paid off and discharged. 

It had been in engagements at Hoover's Gap, Tenn., June 26th, 1863; 
Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 19, 20, 1863; Chattanooga, Tenn., Nov. 23, 24, 
1863 ; Mission Ridge, Tenn., Nov. 25, 1863 ; Murfreesboro, Tenn., December 
12 to 16, 1864. 

While in service it had borne on its rolls 334 officers and men, and had lost 
1 man killed in action, 1 died of wounds, and 38 of disease. 

BATTERY E. 

The rendezvous of Battery E was at Marshall, and was recruited with the 
Engineers and Mechanics. It was mustered into the service of the United 
States December 6th, 1861, with Captain John H. Dennis, Grand Rapids; 
First Lieutenant, John G. Ely, Grand Rapids. Second Lieutenant, Jerome 
Burns, and Second Lieutenant, Peter De Vries, Adrian, were mustered at 
Nashville, Tenn., after the battery had arrived there. 

It left the State December 17th, 1861, going diiectly into the Western 
Army, and was engaged at Pittsburg Landmg, April 7th, 1862, in command 
of Captain Dennis, and at Fort Riley, Tenn., on tiie 20th September follow- 
ing, while in command of Captain John G. Ely promoted, in place of Dennis 
resigned. 

The battery was in garrison at Nashville, Tenn., November 1st, 1863, and 
it remained there constituting part of the artillery reserve until the first of 
June, 1863, when it was attached to General Hard's brigade, and ordered to 
Murfreesboro. Remaining there three montiis the brigade was ordered to 
Nashville, where it was on service during the balance of the ye^ir. 

Fifty-seven of this battery reenlisted as veterans, receiving the customary 
furlough, which they spent in Michigan. 

During 1864, while commanded by Captain Peter De Vries, it was stationed 
at JNashviile. While there one section participated in the raid made in July 
by the forces under Major General Rosseau, in Alabama and Georgia. This 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 629 

section was engaged with the enemv at Coosa July 15th, and at Cheraw on the 
2Utli. 

The battery was serving in Tennessee, and was stationed at Nashville 
November 1, 18G4, except one section which was on duty at Springfield. lu 
December it was attached to the 4th Army Corps, and in that month it par- 
ticipated in the defense of Nashville, against the attack of the rebel General 
Hood on that point, where it gained an enviable reputation in that im|»ortant 
battle, and was engaged in ])ursuing his forces on their retreat southward. 
The battery remained at Nashville until February, 18(jo, whon it was ordered 
to Decatur, Alabama, where it constituted a part of the irarrison of that place 
until it was ordered to Michigan for muster out. It arrived at Jackson on tho 
16th, and was mustered out of service on the oOth of July, 1S<J5. 

It had encountered the enemy while in service at Pittsburg Landino", Tenn., 
April 7, 18(32; Fort Riley, Tenn., September 20, 18(}2; Coosa, Ala.," July 15, 
18t)4; Cheraw, Ala., July )iO, 1864; Nashville, Tenn., December 12 to 16, 
1864. 

This battery had carried on its rolls 327 officers and men, and lost one niaa 
drowned and 29 died of disease. 

BATTERY F. 

Battery F was organized at Coldwater and mustered into the service of the 
United States January 9th, 1862, with the following oliicers: Captain, John 
S. Andrews, Coldwater ; First Lieutenant, Luther F. Hale, Coldwater, and 
First Lieutenant, Norman S. Andrews, Three Rivers; Second Lieutenant, 
George B. Tyler, Coldwater, and Second Lieutenant, Henry A. Hutson. 

The battery left the State in command of Captain Andrews for service in 
Kentucky March 3, 1862, and was for some months in garrison at West Point. 
Its first engagement was at Henderson, Ky., June 3Uth, and tiien at Richmond, 
in that State, August 29th and 30th, where its infantry support having failed, 
the battery was cut off by the enemy, and its guns captured. 

Up to October 31st it had lost, killed in action 3, died of wounds 1, and of 
disease 1, wounded in action 13, missing in action 3, supposed to be killed, and 
58 taken prisoners. 

On the 31st of October it was stationed at Louisville, Ky. 

On December 6th Captain Hale assumed command, Captain Andrews having 
resigned. 

One section of the battery, in command of Lieutenant Paddock, being on 
detached service at Bowling Green on Garrison duty, on December 13th, the 
remainder of the battery proceeded from Louisville to Muufordsville. where it; 
was also placed on garrison duty. It remained at this point until October, 
1863, when it moved to Glasgow. 

Captain Hale having been promoted to a majority in the regiment on 
December 7th, Lieutenant Brown assumed command of the battery. 

This battery, in command of Jiieutenant Holbrook, marched accross the 
Cumberland mountains in January, 1864, to Knoxville, where it arrived ou 
the 22d, the men and horses havuig suffered much during the march from the 
extreme cold and scarcity of rations and lorage. Tlie battery formcil part of 
the garrison of Knoxville until the 24th of April, when it was newl) eipnpped 
and assigned to the 2d division of the 23d ainiy corps. While stationed at 
this point, 50 men reiinlisted as veterans on the 4tli of January, and receiving 
their furlough returned to Michigan, on tlie expiration of winch tiiey rejoined 

67 



530 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

the battery. In May, 1864, in command of Captain Paddock, it joined the 
army under General Sherman, then entering upon the Georgia campaign. On 
the 12th of May it participated in the engagement at Resaca. It took part in 
the engagements near Lost Mountain, on the 9th and 11th, and on the 14th 
shelled the enemy's works. It was engaged in skirmishing almost daily until 
the 32d, when it took part in the engagement of Moss House. It was in the 
battle at Keiiesaw Mountain, on the 24Lh, having three wounded, and on the 
1st was engaged near Marietta. On the 8th of July it drove a rebel battery 
from its position at the Chattahoochee river, the enemy abandoning one of 
their guns. The battery crossed the Chattahoochee on the 11th of July, and 
assisted in driving the enemy out of Decatur on the 18th and 19th. On the 
21st it was engaged between Decatur and Atlanta, losing one man killed, and 
on the same day threw the first shell into Atlanta. On the 22d the battery 
took position at a distance from the rebel works of about 1,800 yards, and 
until the 1st of August kept up a steady fire. On the 4th, in command of 
Lieutenant Miller, the battery was engaged in a severe fight at Utoy creek, 
losing one man killed. In this action the equipments and wheels of two of 
its guns were destroyed by the enemy's shot. It, however, held its position, 
and aided in silencing the fire of two of the rebel batteries. During the year 
its loss was 3 men died of wounds and 4 of disease. 
A correspondent wrote as follows : 

" On the 2-lth of April (1864) an order was issued to have the battery equipped for field 
service at once, and on the 27th Captain Paddock reported that the battery was ready for 
service. Marching orders were received on the morning of the 28th, and at 9 o'clock A. M. 
we left Knoxville, en route for Charleston, Tenn. , seventy miles distant, reachhig there on 
Sunday, May 1st. On account of the scarcity of horses, our section was left there to guard 
the railroad bridge across the Hiawassee river until more horses could be had. Remained 
at Charleston until the morning of May 3d, when, again taking up our line of march, we 
passed through Cleveland at 12 M., and, following the Dalton road, reached Eed Clay on 
the afternoon of the 4th. Our corps now formed the left wing of General Sherman's 
army. 

" Eesumed the march on the morning of the 7th, and pursuing a southwest course went 
into park at Eocky Face Eidgo on the night of the 8th. 

"Being relieved by the ith corps on the 12th, the 23d corps marched around by the 
way of Snake Creek Gap to the right wing of the army, a distance of 27 miles, and arrived 
just in time to participate in the battle of Eesaca on the 14th. Our battery was engaged 
in the afternoon, but received no injuries. During the night of the 14th the 23d corps was 
relieved by the 14th, and on the 15tli we marched around to the extreme left to assist the 
20th corps, but arrived too late to participate in the engagement of that day. The enemy 
retreated that night, and on the 16th we moved forward, and crossing the Canestoga river 
on the 17th, went into camp on the 18th at Cedar creek. 

" The lyth encamped before Cai)ville, Georgia. The people had all left, takmg every- 
thing movable with them. On the 20 pursued the enemy as far as Cartersville and went 
into park. There we lay over two days to rest both men and horses, and also to prepare 
for a twenty -days' march. 

" By this time many of our horses had given out from fatigue and scarcity of forage, 
and the Captain managed to get enough to replace those that had been used up. On the 
23d, at 6 A. M., resumed our march in a southwest direction, and at 12 M. crossed the 
Etowah river at Etowah Chffs. From there we marched southeast and crossed the Pump- 
kiuvine creek on the 26th, and after advancing a short distance encountered the enemy in 
strong force and well fortified. Then we marched and counter-marched, advanced and 
retreated, moved to the right and then to the left, until tlie 7th of June. At that time the 
line swung around, and we again formed the right w iug. There we remained two days, 
during which time the rebels fell back, and on the Uth a reconnoissance in force was made 
by the 2d division and our battery. After advancing some five miles the enemy's hne was 
developed, extending from Kenesaw to Lost Mountain, a distance of six miles. Got one 
section into battery, and fired 19 rounds at the Johnnies at 1,200 yards distant, but they 
did not reply. On the 18tli the whole hne moved up and threw up works. We had an 
artillery duel that day with a rebel battery. 1 hey cut one of our gun limbers in pieces 
with a shell and killed one horse, whilst we dismounted ten guns for th*m. Itramedcon- 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 531 

tinually until the 15th, when we again opened fire on the cnpmy, and after firing 131 
rounds they fell back, and our corps moved forward one mile and occupied two lines of 
worlcs. On the 17th advanced 2^ miles, and had another skirmish with them, but received 
CO damage. Were marching here and there to counteract the enemy's movements until 
the afternoon of the 22d, when, being in position at the intersection of the Powder Spring 
and Marietta roads, and three miles southwest of Marietta, tiie rebels charged our lines, 
driving in the first line upon the second, when our battery oi)ened upon them at a distance 
of 40U yards with shell and canister, and finally drove them back with heavy loss. 

" The next night advanced our battery under cover of darkness within -150 yards of the 
rebel works, and threw up works to protect it. On the 2Cth moved one section to tlio 
right, and shelled the rebs, to cover a forward movement of the 3d division. On the 27th 
our forces brought on a general engagement, and we siielled tiieir Une all day long. Then 
we had Private F. Smithly killed. Lieutenant Marshall M. Miller and Private Peley A. 
Connor wounded; also lost several horses. Two guns were rendered unserviceable during 
the day, and were sent to Chattanooga to be exchanged for new ones. Moved out on the 
1st of July on the Marietta and Atlanta road, and took a position near the roadside. The 
night of the 2d the rebels fell back, and, leaving Kenesaw Mountain, occupied a new line 
of works near the Chattahoochee. On the Gth we crossed Nickujack Creek, and pursu- 
ing a southeast course struck the railroad at Huff's Station, seven miles from the river. 
The morning of the 18th advanced to the Chattahoochee, striking it at the mouth of Soap 
creek, five miles from the railroad bridge. There other rebels opened fire on us witii a 
howitzer battery from a high hill on the opposite side of the river. We soon got our 
pieces in battery, and the old Gth Michigan had fired but a few rounds when it got too hot 
for them and they retreated, leaving one gun in our possession. The army had nearly all 
crossed the river by the 12th, and we marched about three miles and again threw up a 
line of works in front of tlie enemy. On the 17th we again advanced three and a half 
miles, where more works were thrown up. The morning of the 18th we resumed the 
march, and crossing the Nancy and Peachtree creeks, encountered the rebels m force in 
front of Decatur, at noon on the 10th. Line of battle was formed and a battery got into 
position, and the ball opened so hot that in less than two hours we had driven Ihem back 
across the railroad, and our corps took possession of it and the town, tliereby cutting off 
communication with Richmond and the east by the Georgia Central route. 

" At evening the IGth corps came up and relieved us, when we moved out on the 
Atlanta road one mile and bivouacked for tlie night. We were on the move at early dawn 
of the 20th, but after advancuig a short distance we encountered the enemy, and with 
some fighting and a great deal of heavy skirmishing succeeded in advancing our lines 
some three miles nearer the city. We threw up a temporary work and got our guns into 
position at 3 o'clock A. il. of the 21st within 5G0 yards of the enemy's fines, and two and 
a half miles from the city. Soon after we opened a heavy fire, to which they vigorously 
replied. Early in the day we had the misfortune to lose Private Norman P. Austin of 
Hudson, who was shot through the head whilst bravely at work. 

" Captain Paddock climbed a tall pine tree during the forenoon, and with his glass could 
get a fine view of Atlanta. He gave one of his gunners the direction and distance, and 
soon had the satisfaction of seeing some shell strike in the city and also into their wivgon 
train this side. Thus the Gth Michigan Battery had the honor of firing the first shot into 
the rebel stronghold of the southwest. During tlie night following they evacuated their 
works, and early in the morning of the 22d our lines advanced about one mile, when a 
strong line of fortifications, with heavy guns mounted here and there, was discovered 
extending along a ridge upon which a portion of the city was built. As soon as they dis- 
covered the advance of our column, a heavy fire was opened with two or three of tiieir 
batteries, making rather warm times for us. It could not be avoided, and it was evident 
that hard work and rapid movements must be made, or we should have to fall back out of 
range of their guns. But retreating is not in the progranmio of the troops of this army, 
so heavy details of infantry wei'e made to assist in building fortifications for the artillery, 
and, although the shot and shell made us bow, dodge, and get close to the ground at 
times, besides killing and wounding a few men, still we stood our ground, and at 11 o'clock 
A. M. were ready for action. About this time the enemy, having massed their troops 
on our left, charged the works of the 17th corps, occupying tlie extreme loft, and suc- 
ceeded in driving it back across the railroad, and again Decatur was in possession of the 
Johnnies. But the 15th and 16th corps, together with the 3d division of tlie 23d, wont to 
their assistance, and at night wo had regained all that had been lost during llnj day." 

This battery, in conuuiind of (Japtuui Padilock, was in cjinip iit Chiitta- 
noogci, Tenn., Nov. Ist, 18G4, and in tlio early part of tliat nionili was trans- 
ported by rail to Nashville, and tlience to Johnsville, where it encamped 



532 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

from the 11th to 24th, when it broke camp and marched with the 1st brigade, 
2d division, 23d army corps, in the direction of Columbia, and remained in the 
lield near that point until December 1st, when, on the approach of Hood's 
army, it commenced the retreat with its brigade from near Beard's Ferry, on 
Ducli river, to Nashville. Arriving within seven miles of that place on the 
night of the 2d, the enemy was found to be in force in front, and in possession 
of all the roads of approach to that point. It therefore became necessary to 
fall back, and under cover of the night a successful retrograde movement was 
accomplished, the brigade taking with it two of the enemy's cavalry pickets. 
The march was continued in good order during the whole of the night, without 
halting, and after resting for an hour on the morning of the 3d the march was 
resumed and continued until night, when, reaching Charlotte, it encamped, 
having marched a distance of sixty miles in thirty-six hours. Resuming the 
inarch again on the morning of the 4th, on the afternoon of the 5th the 
brigade crossed the Cumberland river at Clarksville, and lay in camp that 
night and next day, when it marched for Nashville, arriving there on the 
evening of the 8th, and from the 12th to the 16th the battery participated in 
the defense of that place against the attack of Hood. On the 19th of January, 
1865, after having been reequipped, it left Nashville with Major General Sco- 
field's command, and proceeded by rail to Louisville, Ky., thence by steamer 
to Cincinnati, and then by rail to Washington, D. C, where it arrived Feb. 
2d. On the 19th it moved to Alexandria, and on the 20th took transports for 
Fort Fisher, N. C, reaching there on the 24th, whence it was ordered to 
Beaufort, arriving there on the 25th, and reached Newberu on the 26th. 
On the 3d of March the battery left Newbern with the 1st division, 23d army 
corps, and was engaged with the enemy at Wise's Forks, on the 10th with a 
loss of one killed and two wounded, and reached Kingston on the 15th, and 
on the 21st arrived at Goldsboro, where it remained until the 8th of April, 
when, in consequence of its becoming short of men, it was ordered to Newberu 
to refit for field service. From that date nothing is given in the reports of the 
battery in regard to its movements, except that it was at Newbern on the 
31st of May. It arrived at Jackson, Mich., June 24th, and was mustered 
out of service on the 1st of July. 

Having during service been engaged with the enemy at Richmond, Ky., 
1862; Resaca, Ga., May 12, 1864; Lost Mountain, Ga., June 9, 11, 14, 1864; 
Moss House, Ga., June 22, 1864; Kenesaw, Ga., June 24, 1864; Marietta, 
Ga., July 1, 1864; Chattahoochee River, Ga., July 8, 1864; Decatur, Ga., 
July 18. 19, 1864; Atlanta, Ga., July 21, 1864; U toy Greek, Ga., August 4, 
1864; siege of Atlanta, Ga., July 20 to August 25, 1864; Nashville, Tenn., 
December 12 to 16, 1864; Wise's Forks, N. C, March 10, 1865. 

The battery had borne on its rolls 245 officers and men, and its losses were 
1 oflicer and 8 men killed in action, 1 man died of wounds and 20 of disease.* 

BATTERY G. 

Battery G (Lanphere's) was recruited in Branch county with rendezvous at 
Coldwater, and mustered into the service of the United States at Kal;im;izoo, 
January 17tli, 1862, with officers as follows: Captain, Chas. E. Lanpherc, 
Coldwater; First Lieutenant, Edwin 0. Lanphere, Coldwater ; First Lieuten- 
ant, Alvin T. Lanphere, Coldwater; Second Lieutenant, James H. Burdick, 
Coldwater; Second Lieutenant, Robert M. Wilder, Coldwater. 

* Lieutenant George B. Tyler was killed in a skirmish with guerrillas, at Henderson, Ey., Juno 

30Ul, 1862. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 633 

The battery left the State on the 12th of February 1862, in comniantl of 
Captain Lanphere for the field in Kentucky, reaching Louisville on the 14th, 
and March 5th arrived at West Point. On April Ist the battery again moved 
to Louisville and on the 3d reached Lexington, and thence to Cumberland 
Ford, arriving there on the 18th, whore it remained until June lltn, when it 
marched for Cumberland Gap, E. Tenu., reaching tliere on tlie 17th, having 
€Dg;iged the enemy at Tazewell. 

During the month of September it moved from Cumberland Gap to Port- 
land, Ohio, and was engaged with the rebels at Caney Bottom, Ky., on the 
24th, and then moved to Galliopolis, Ohio. In November it proceeded to 
Gauly Bridge, W. Va., and then returned to Point Pleasant and there 
embarked on transports for Cincinnati, reaching there November 21st, and on 
the 27tli reembarked for Memj)his, and from thence to the Yazoo river. Miss. 

It took part in the battle of Chickasaw Bayou, December 28 and 29, losing 
10 wounded, 2 of them mortally, with 8 horses killed or disabled. In 
January, 1863, the battery moved with the Uuiou forces to Arkansas Post, 
and at the taking of that place was held in reserve. After the surrender of 
that post it proceeded to Young's Point, La., opposite Vicksburg. During 
February and March the battery lay at Young's Point and at Milliken's Bend, 
La. In April it embarked on transports which ran the rebel blockade of the 
river at Grand Gulf, landed at Bruinsburg, and on the 30tli marched toward 
Port Gibson. The battery participated in the campaign of General Grant, fol- 
lowing the advance on Port Gibson. At the battle of Thompson's Hdl, (Port 
•Gibson) May 1st it lost two killed and two wounded. In this affair it acquired 
much distinction and was mentioned in the report of General McClernand 
AS follows: "The splendid practice of Lauphere's and Foster's batteries 
disabled two of the enemy's guns and contributed largely to this success." 

It was ii# the engagement at Champion Hill on the lUth, and on the 17th 
assisted in driving the rebels fi-om Black River Bridge. On the 19th it arrived 
in the rear of Vicksburg, and was among the first to commence the attack ou 
that place. It participated actively in the siege, shelling the enemy's works 
and the city daily, and was present at the surrender ou the 4th of July. 
Taking part in the movement on Jackson, it was engaged in the skirmishes of 
the 8th, 9th, and 10th, and on the 11th took position before the fortiticaliona 
at Jack.-oi), from which it assisted in driving the ennny. After the evacuation 
■of that place by the rebels the battery returned to Vicksburg, and during the 
montli of August proceeded to Carrolton, La., where it was stationed during 
September and October. 

Captain Lanphere having resigned, Lieutenant Geo. L. Stillmau assumed 
oommand. 

Moving from Carrolton to New Orleans, it embarked at the latter place on 
the 13th of November, 18G3, for Brazos Santiago, Texas, whence it was ordered 
to Aranzas Pass, where it arrived on the 20th. Disembarking on St. Joseph 
Island, it marched toward Fort Esparanza, on Matagorda Island, arriving 
near that point on the 27th. On the 29th one section of the battery engaged 
the enemy, but without loss, On the 30th the battery encam[)ud near the 
fort, where it remained until the 15th of December, when it crossed Pass 
Oavillo and encamped on Decrow's Point (or Matagorda Peninsula). Oa 
the 4th of January, 1864, it proceeded up Matagorda bay to Indianola, 
where it was quartered until the latter part of May. While at Indianola it was 
engaged in several skirmishes, but suifei-ed no loss. Proceeding to Fort 



53-4 MICHIGAN IN THE WAIl. 

Espanuiza it there encamped until the 13th of June, when it embarked on a 
transport and sailed for New Orleans, and on the 19th disembarked at Oar- 
rolton, La. From this date to the 9th of October, with the exception of a 
week at Keniiersville, the battery remained at Carrolton. Sailing on^the 9th 
for Mobile bay, it arrived at Fort Morgan on the 11th of October. On the 
1st of November the battery was encamped at Navy Cove, Mobile bay, and 
was on picket duty guarding bayous near Fort Morgan until April 10th, 
1865, when it went to the "front," and participated m the siege of Mobile. 
After the capture of that place it was ordered to garrison the "bay battery 
defenses of Mobile," where it remained until July 19th, when it was ordei'ed 
to proceed to Michigan for muster out and final discharge. It arrived at 
Jackson August 2d, and on the 6th was mustered out of service. 

While in service it had encountered the enemy at Tazewell, Tenn., 1862;. 
Caney Bottom, Ky., 1862; Chickasaw Bayou, Miss., December 28 and 29,. 
1862; Arkansas Post, Aik., January 6, 1863; Grand Gulf, Miss., April 28, 
1863; Fort Gibson, Miss., May 1, 1863; Champion Hill, Miss., May 16, 
1863; Big Black River, Miss., May 17, lSu3 ; siege of Vicksburg, Miss,, May 
19 to July 4, 1863; Jackson, Miss., Jnly 11 to 18, 1863; Fort Esparanza, 
Texas, November 29, 1863; Mobile, Ala., April 10, 1865. 

The battery had carried on its rolls during service 318 officers and men, and 
had lost 2 men killed in action, 2 died of wounds, and 1 officer and 40 men of 
disease. 

BATTERY H. 

The rendezvous of Battery H was at Monroe, and was raised with the 15th 
Infantry, although it did not go to the field with that regiment. It was mus- 
tered into the service of the United States March 6th, 1862, with the follow- 
ing officers: Captain, Major F. Lockwood, Spalding; FirstTLieutenant, 
Augustus Spencer, Port Huron; First Lieutenant, Wilson H. Wiiisson, 
Detroit; Second Lieutenant, Theodorus W. Lockwood, Pontiac, and Second 
Lieutenant, Stephen P. Savoy, . 

The battery left the State March 13th, in command of Captain Samuel Do 
Golyer, of Hudson, who had been commissioned in place of Captain Lock- 
wood. 

It moved under orders to report to General Halleck, at St. Louis. From 
thence it went to Nev\r Madrid, Mo., and served during the siege of Island No. 
10, and during a part of October was on duty at Columbus, Ky. 

Leaving Columbus in November, this battery engaged in various movements 
in western Tennessee and northern Mississip[)i, during November and Decem- 
ber, 1862, and January, 1863. In January it was at Holly Springs, Cold- 
water, Davis's Mills, Moscow, etc. On the 19th it arrived at Memphis, Tenn., 
whence it proceeded to Lake Providence. During March and April it was 
stationed at Lake Providence, Milliken's Bend, and other points on the Mis- 
8issip[»i near Vicksburg, taking an active part in the campaign in Mississippi 
preceding the siege of Vicksbuig. 

At Tliompson's Hill, Miss., May 1, 1863, it first encountered the rebels, and 
then at Raymond May 12th following, whei'c it received much favorable com- 
ment on its ra))id and effeciive tire. Greeley, in his "American Conflict," 
on noticing the battle of Raymond, makes the following niMition of the gal- 
lant and valuable services rendered by the battery in that affair: 

" The fight hei'e was a short one. The rebels opened with great fury, attempting: to 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 536 

charge and capture De Golyor's battory, which was in position in our front, but belnj: 
repulsed by a terrific fire of grape and eanistor, they brolco and flod precipitately. " 

The followinjr extract from the " Kebelliou Record " still further credits the 
battery for cxcolleut and gullant service on the occasion referred to: 

" Shortly after the openins^ of the fight, Captain De Golyer's battery (8th Michigan> 
M-as ordered to the front, and took a commanding position for the purpose of dislodj,'ing the 
enemy from the woods, the infantry having proven itself inadccjuate to the task. The 
James rifled guns of De Golyer's battery opened, and commenced pouring a heavy firo 
of sliell into the rebel columns. The enemy now, for the first time, opened artillery upoa 
us. His aim was good, succeeding in making our infauti-y change position. But his pur- 
pose was to silence the 8th Michigan L5attery, and he failed in that. Finding it impossi- 
iDle to silence the guns with artillery, the rebels attempted a charge upon the liattery. A 
regiment of men essayed the hazardous undertaking, "While they were removing a fence, 
preparatory to making the decisive dash, the battery opened on them. Our men fired two 
shells into theii- miil~t, both of which burst among them, kiUing and wounding a large 
number, and causing the entire column to fall back in disorder. At their inglorious with- 
drawal our infantry sent up a few rousing cheers, which had the effect of accelerating the 
speed of the fugitives, and inspiring our whole command with a new zeal and determina- 
tion to press forward to a victory of which they felt certain, even when the fortunes of the 
day seemed to turn against them. 

" The rebels, defeated in their attempt to capture our battery, found themselves com- 
pelled to fall back to a position immediately in the rear of Farnden's creek. " 

Lossing says : 

" During the battle of Eaymond, Miss., the Confederates fought mostly from the woods 
in which they were largely concealed, but their lire was drawn by Logan's brigade 
advancing toward their cover, when De Golyer's 8th Michigan Battery opened fire to dis- 
lodge them; this drew the fire of the rebel batteries for the first time. Finding it impos- 
sible to silence the Michigan guns, the enemy dashed forward to capture them, but were 
repulsed with heavy loss by two shells from the battery that burst among the advancing 
column, when they fled beyond a creek, and, reforming, McPherson ordered an advance, 
when a severe coullict ensued, ending in a gallant bayonet charge which broke their line! 
driving them from the creek in great disorder, thus ending the battle which had lasted 
about three hours, " 

The battery participated in the fight at Champion Hill with loss, and 
then was actively engaged in the siege of Vicksburg until its surrender, where, 
on the 28th of May, its gallant commander, (Japtain DeGolyer, received a 
wound, which caused his death on the 8th of August following: 

In addition to the part taken in these actions the battery rendered service la 
numerous skirmishes. On the 19th of May it anived in the rearjof Vicks- 
burg, and })articipated actively in the siege of that stronghold. In the actions 
mentioned and during the siege the battery lost one killed and seven wounded. 

On October 14th, 1863, the battery, then comnuuuled by Lieutenant Marcus 
D. Elliott, started from Vicksburg, where it had been stationed, on a hcouC 
towards Big Black, reacliing theic on the ]oth, and on the 10th opened upon 
tiie enemy at Brownsville, driving them from tlieir position, and on tiio l?th 
followed the enemy for some distance; on the 20th again reached Vicksburg. 

It again marched for the Big Black on November 8th, reaching it same day 
and encamped, returning to Uicksburg in March, ISG-t, having encountered 
the enemy at Clinton in February. 

While at the Big Black 36 members roenlisted as veterans on January Ist, 
and returned to Michigan on furlough, rejoining the battery again in liue time. 

In A[)nl following the battery moved via the Mississippi river, to Cairo, and 
thence entered upon the Atlanta campaign, and up to September let, 1804, 
had, m command of C p un Elliott, met tijc enemy in Georgia at Big Shanty 
June 14th, Kenesaw .M' u aiu June 27th, Nickajack Creek July 22d, and was 
engaged in the siege of Atlanta from that date until the 2iitii August, and 



536 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

being also in the engagements at Jonesboro August 31st, and next day at 
Lovejoy's Station. 

In September the battery was at Atlanta and on the 31st October following 
at Chattanooga, where it remained until November 15tli, when it-left for 
Nashville, and on the 18th arrived there. It was on duty at that point until 
February 16th, 1865, when it moved to Chattanooga, arriving there on the 
19th, and during the balance of that month and the months of March and 
April it was emi^loyed in building quarters. The battery continued at that 
point until it received orders to proceed to Michigan for muster out, arriving 
at Jackson on the 4th of July, and on the 2"^d was mustered out of service. 

It had borne on the rolls 3:^5 oflfieers and men, and its loss was one officer 
and two men killed in action, one officer and one man died of wounds, and 39 
men died of disease. 

During its service this battery had engaged the enemy at Thompson's Hill, 
Miss., May 1, 1863; Kaymond, Miss., May 12, 18G3; Jackson, Miss., May 
14, 1863; Champion Hill, Miss., May 16, 1863; Vicksbuig, Miss., May 18, 
lb63 ; siege of Vicksburg, Miss., May 19, to July 4, 1863 ; Brownsville, Miss., 
October, 1863 ; Clinton, Miss., Feb-ruary, 1864 ; Big Shanty, Ga., June 14, 1864 ; 
Kenesaw, Ga., June 27, 1864; ISickajack Creek, Ga., July 5, 1864; Peach 
Tree Creek, Ga., July 22, 1864; siege of Atlanta, Ga., July 22 to August 25, 
1864; Jonesboro, Ga., August 31, 1864; Lovejoy's Station, Ga., Septemuer 1, 
1864. 

BATTERY I. 

Battery I was organized at Detroit in conjunction with the 5th Cavalry and 
was mustered into the service of the United States, August 20, 1862, with 
officers as follows: Captain, Jabez J. Daniels, Hudson; First Lieutenant, 
Addison A. Kidder, Hudson; First Lieutenant, Luther E. Smith, Detroit; 
Second Lieutenant, Lewis R. Gage, Detroit; Second Lieutenant, Thomas J. 
Limbocker, Trenton. 

The battery left for Washington in command of Captain Daniels, with the 
6th, on the 4th of December, 1862, taking with it a complete equipment and 
a full battery of guns, four Parrots and two howitzers. Arriving at Washing- 
ton, December 11th, it at once entered on service with the Army of the Poto- 
mac. 

Captain Daniels with his battery first met the enemy at the battle of Aldie, 
Va., April 2?th, 1863, but without loss, and on the 3uth returned to Fairfax 
Court House. Participating in the summer campaign in Maryland and Penn- 
sylvania, it marched from Fairfax Court House to Drainsville, June 24th, 
thence via Frederick and Tarrytown, Md., to Gettysburg, Pa., where it arrived 
July 2d. On the 3d of July the battery was engaged in the battle of Gettys- 
burg, losing 1 killed and 4 wounded. On the 5th it lost 1 wounded. March- 
ing on tiie 8th, ic proceeded by Cragerstowu and Boonsboro to Berlin, Md., 
thence by Unioutown and Piedmont to Warrington, where it arrived July 26. 
Subsequently it moved forward to the army at Culpepper Court House. On 
the ■^?th of October it was ordered to proceed to tlie Department of the Cum- 
berland, and November 12th, J 863, the battery arrived at Nashville, Tenn. 

The battery now in command of Captain Luther K. Smith, Captain Daniels 
having resigned, remained at Nashville, Tenn., with the reserve artillery of 
the Department of the Cumberland, until the 7th of March, 1864, when it 
started for Whiteside, Tenn., a distance of 140 miles, arriving there on the 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 537 

17th of March. It remained here until the 28th of April, and reported to Gen- 
eral BuLterfield, commanding the 3d division of the 2Uth army corps, at Look- 
out Valley. It participated, witli the division, in the events of the ensuing 
Georgia campaign. At (Jassville, on the 19th of May, it engnged the enemj'^B 
rear, but without loss. Kesumiug the march on the 23d, it crossed the Etowah 
river on the same day. One section engaged the enemy at Mew Hope Cliurch, 
on the 27th, and the entire battery was engaged on the 28th, with the loss of 
one in wounded on the latter date. On the 17th of June the battery was 
again engaged near Lost Mountain, with the loss of two severely wounded. 
Taking position on an elevation near Marietta, on the 21st, it there remained 
during nearly all the operations around Keuesaw Mountain. It engaged the 
enemy on the 1st of July, "at Gulp's House." Pursuing them, after their 
evacuation of the position at Kenesaw, toward Marietta, it became engaged at 
the latter place, on the 3d of July, with the loss of 3 wounded, 2 of whom 
died of their wounds. It participated in the battle of Peach Tree Greek on 
the 20th, in connection with Newton's division of the 4th corps. On the 22d 
it moved to near Atlanta. Taking position m the line of works, it took part 
in the siege until the 2oth of August with the loss of 1 killed August Gth, 1 
wounded on the 10th, and 1 wounded on the 13th. On the 25th it fell back 
with its division to Turner's Ferry, on the Ghattahoochee. On the 29th it 
assisted in repelling an attack on the position at the Ferry, losing 1 wounded. 
On the 2d of September the battery moved into Atlant;', and took position in 
the works there, wliich it held until the 1st of November, 1864, wlien it was 
ordered to Ghattanooga, Tenn., where it was mounted as horse artillery, and 
formed a part of the reserve artillery. Department of the Gumberland. The 
battery remained at Ghattanooga, until early in July, 18G5, when it was 
ordered to Michigan for muster out of service. Arriving at Jackson July 6th, 
on the 1-ith was mustered out. 

Ttie total borne on its rolls had been 234 officers and men, and its loss had 
been 2 men killed in action, 3 men died of wounds, and 24 of disease. 

While in service it was in engagements at Aldie, Va., April 27, 1803; Get- 
tysburg, Pa., July 3, 1803; GassviUe, Ga., May 9, 1804; New Hope Ghurch, 
Ga., May 27, 28, 1804; Lost Mountain, Ga., June 17, 1804; Gulp's House. 
Ga., July 1, 1864; Maretta, Ga., July 3, 1804; Peach Tree Greek, Ga., July 
20, 1864; siege of Atlanta, Ga., July 22 to August 25, 1804; Turner's 
Ferry, Ga., August 29, 1864. 

BATTERY K. 

The rendezvous of Battery K was at Grand Rapids, and it was mustered 
into the service of the United States on the 20th of February, 18G3, navin^ 
for ilsollicers: Gaptain, John G. Schuetz, Detroit; First Lieutenant, Adolpli 
Schill, Detroit; Second Lieutenant, Ghiistopher Hu[)ert, Detroit. 

It moved from the rendezvous in command of Gaptain Schuetz, with 104 
names on the rolls, under orders to proceed to Washington, arriving there on 
the Ist of March. It remained there until May 23d, when it wais ordered to 
garrison Forts Ramsey and Bullalo, at Upton's Hill, Va. In June it went to 
Gamp Barry, D. G., remaining there until the 28th of October, when it left 
Washington for Nashville, Tcnn., having been assigned to the Army of the 
Gumberland. It arrived at Nashville November 12th, and remained there us 
a part of the reserve artillery until the 0th of March, 1804. It then marcheil 
to Chattanooga, where it arrived on the 19th. The horses were hnre turned 
68 



538 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

over to the proper department, and the battery ordered to garrison Battery 
Bushnell, one of the fortifications of Chattanooga. Four detachments were 
detailed from the battery during the summer and fall of 1864 for service on 
gunboats and transports. One detachment of 37 men was attached to the 
13th New York Battery, and another to Battery I, Michigan Light Artillery. 
One officer was attached to Battery I, 1st New York Artillery — all in the 20th 
corps. The remaining portion of the battery assisted in repelling the attack 
made by the rebel General Wheeler's forces on Dalton. Its headquarters ou 
the 1st of November, 1864, were at Chattanooga. 

From that date until March 31st, 1865, this battery was stationed at Chat- 
tanooga, Tenn., and at the latter date moved to Riceville, East Tennessee, 
where it remained until ordered to Michigan for muster out, arriving at Detroit 
July 12th, and on the 22d was discliarged from service. 

During the war the battery was principally engaged on duty in fortifications, 
and on gunboats and transports, and had seen much hard service. 

It had borne on the rolls 208 men, and had lost 2 men killed in action, 1 
man died of wounds, and 1 officer and 12 men of disease. 

" There is a cap in the closet, old, tattered, and blue— 
Of very slight value it may be to you; 
But a crown, jewel studded, could not buy it to-day, 
With its letters of honor, brave Co. K. 

" The head that it sheltered needs shelter no more; 
Dead heroes make holy the trides they wore; 
So, like chaplet of honor, of laurel and bay, 
Seems the cap of the soldier, marked ' Co. K.' 

" Bright eyes have looked calmly its visor beneath, 
O'er the work of the Reaper, Grim Harvester Death! 
Let the muster-roll, meagre, so mournfully say, 
How foremost in danger went Co. K. 

" Whose footsteps unbroken came up to the town, 
Where rampart and bastion looked threateningly down! 
Who, closing up breaches, still kept on their way. 
Till guns, downward pointed, faced Co. K. 

•' Who faltered, or shivered? Who shunned battle stroke? 
Whose fire was uncertain? Whose battle line broke? 
Go ask it of History, years from to-day, 
And the records shall tell you, not Co. K. 

•' Though my darling is sleeping to-day with the dead. 
And daisies and clover bloom over his head, 
I smile through my tears as I lay it away — 
The battle-worn cap, lettered ' Co. K.' " 

BATTERY L. 

Battery L had its rendezvous at Coldwater with ^he 9th Cavalry and was 
mustered into tlie service of tlie United (States April 11th, 1863. The officers 
were: Captain, Charles J. Thompson, Detroit; First Lieutenant, Cyrus D. 
Roys, Hudson ; First Lieutenant, Thomas Gallagher, Detroit, and Second 
Ijieutenant, Frederick J. Fairbrass, Hancock. 

The battery left the State with the yth om May 20th, 1863, for the field in 
Kentucky, via Cincinnati and Covington. On June 4th it proceeded from the 
latter point, and on the 6th reported at Camp Nelson. On the 13th it was 
ordered to Mount Sterling, and on the 16th a section in command of Captain 



MICHIGAN lis THE WAR. 639 

Thompson and Lieutenant Roys, on a rcconnoissance with the 8th and 9Lh 
Michigan Cavalry, engaged a force of guerrillas at Trijjlett's Bridge, attack- 
ing and scattering them. On July 4tli following it received orders to remove 
from Stamford to Lebanon, where Morgan's forces were said to be advancing. 
On reaching there a section of the battery, under Lieutenant Roys, bjcaine 
engaged with their rearguard, when they were driven from the town and the 
battery marched back to Danville. On the 6th itentored upon the chase after 
Morgan, then on his noithern raid, being atttached to the 8th and 9th Cav- 
alry, then brigaded together. On arriving at Cincinnati, via Westport, the 
battery was divided. One section, in command of Lieutenant Roy>, proceeded 
overland with cavalry and met the enemy at Bulilngton's Islami, July lii;h, 
where the greater i)ortiou of Morgan's force was captured, this section being 
the first to open fire upon the rebels at that point. 

Captain Thompson and Lieutenant Fairbrass had proceeded with another 
section from Cincinnati up the river on steamers, and done good service in 
aiding to prevent Morgan from crossing the Oliio. The other section, under 
Lieutenant Gallagher, proceeded, also from Cincinnati, moving by rail to Steu- 
beuville, Ohio, and assisted in the final capture of Morgan and his force at 
Salineville, in that Slate, on the "Z^th of July, 1863. 

Having returned to Kentucky, and the battery being again united, during 
August it participated in the movement of the Army of the Oluo into East 
Tennessee, arriving at Lenoir September 22. On the same day it shelled the 
retreating enemy at Loudon. September 3d the battery arrived at Knoxville, 
and moved thence to Morristown, Teun., where it remained until November 
9th, when it marched for Bean's Station, arriving there the following day. 
On the 12th it started for Tazewell, where it arrived after a three days' 
fatiguing march over the Clinch mountains, the weather being very cold and 
stormy. On the 18th the battery moved to Cumberland Gap.* It returned to 
Tazewell on the 25th, thence proceeded, on the 2(3th to Evan's Ford, 
on the Clinch river, where it served as guard at the crossing until the 3d 
of December. On the 12th it arrived at Cumberland (iap. It being impos- 
sible to procure sufScient forage the horses of the battery were sent to the 
rear and the guns were placed in position in the fortifications of the Gap. 
The battery, then in command of Captain Gallagher, remained here inactive 
until the 27th of June, 18ti4, wiien it was again furnisiied with hordes and 
proceeded to Knoxville, wiiich it leached July 1st. It was here assigned to 
the 2d brigade, reserve artillery, 4th division, 23d army coii)S, and Cdiiiinued 
on service at Knoxville. On December yth, one section with 26 men, was 
detached and ordered to Strawberry Plains, to guard tlie railroad bridge 
across the Holstein river at that point and on the lUth of April, 1805, it 
rejoined the battery. The battery ctmtinued at Knoxville, engaged on garri- 
son duty until early in August, when it was ordereil to Michigan, and arrived 
at Jackson on the 19th of that month, and on the 22d was mustered out of 
service. 

While in service it had encountered the enemy at Triplett's Bridge, Ky., 
June 16, 18(13; Jjcbanon, Ky., July 5, 1803; Butlington's Island, Oiiio, July 
19, 18U3; Steubenville, Ohio, July 20, 1803; Salineville, Oiiio, July 2Gth, 
1803; Loudon, Tenn., September 2d, 1803. 

It had carried on its rolls 2iiU officers and men, and had lost 1 man killed 
in action, and 1 officer and 24 men died of disease. 



540 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

BATTERY M. 

Battery M was recruited with the 8th Cavalry and partly organized at 
Mount Clemens. It was mustered into the service of the United States at 
various dates and its organization was finally accomplished June 30, 1863, 
with 145 officers and men on its rolls. 

The officers were Captain Edward G. Hilliar, Detroit; First Lieutenant, 
Charles D. Culver, Mt. Clemens, and First Lieutenant, Augustus M. Emery, 
Detroit; Second Lieutenant, George H. Moulton, Coldwater, and Second 
Lieutenant, George A. Sheely, Detroit. 

When the 8th Cavalry left the State the battery was yet incomplete and was 
transferred to Dearborn to finish its organization. 

During the rebel General Morgan's raid into Indiana and Ohio in July it 
was ordered, in command of Captain Hilliar, to Indianapolis, having been 
equipped with a full battery. 

It left Dearborn on the 9th of July, arriving at Indianapolis on the 11th. 
It proceeded to Cincinnati on the 13th, but returned on the 17th, its services 
not being required. 

Following this service the battery proceeded on the 18th of September to 
the field in Kentucky, arriving at Camp Nelson on the 20th. On the 24th it 
marched with a division of troops under General 0. B. Willcox, moving toward 
Cumberland Gap, reaching there on the 3d of October. On the 6th it marched 
for Morristowuj arriving there on the 8th, and on the 10th was in an engage- 
ment at Blue Springs, East Tennessee, but being in the reserve did not become 
actively engaged, but joined in pursuit of the etiemy to Greenville. On the 
7th it fell back to Bull's Gap, and on the 19th to Bean's Station. It remained 
here until the 21st, when it marched to Tazewell, and thence, on the 22d. to 
within two miles of Cumberland Gap. On the 2'ith it moved over the line 
into Kentucky, near the Gap, but on the 1st of December recrossed the Cum- 
berland mountains and returned to Tazewell, whence it proceeded to Walker's 
Ford, on the Clinch river, but moved back to Tazewell on the 6th. The 
battery being in command of Lieutenant Emery, Captain Hilliar then acting 
as chief of artillery, two sections moved to Cumberland Gap on the 32d of 
Jaiiuai'y, 1864. On the 27th the left section joined the others at Cumberland 
Gap. On the 28th the battery occupied the fortifications at Cumberland Gap, 
where it remained during the remainder of the year, having been dismounted. 
and armed with rifles. It formed a part of the 1st brigade, 4th division, 23d 
army corps, then garrisoning that point, and during the winter and folluwing 
spring joined in the frequent scouts and expeditions made into southwesLeru 
Virginia. On the 1st of April, 1865, it was transferred to the 2d brigade, 1st 
division. Army of the Cumberland, and on the 10th of May maiciied, with 
the other troops of that brigade, to Knoxville, whence it proceeded to Straw- 
berry Plains, and remained there until July 7th, wiien it started, via JSiash- 
ville, Louisville, and Indianai^olis, for Michigan, and arrived at Jackson July 
12th, and on the 1st of August was mustered out of service. 

It was engaged with the enemy during its term of service at Blue Springs, 
Tenn., October 10, 1863; at Walker's Ford, Tenn., December 2, 1863, and 
at Tazewell, Tenn, January 21, 1864. 

The battery during its entire service had carried on the rolls 297 officers and 
men, and had lost 3 men killed in action and 13 men died of disease. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 541 

A regimeut of light artillery being limited to twelve batteries, in organizing 
additional batteries it became neceseary to give them a iiurticular designation, 
hence the two batteries raised after the formation of the twelve batteries into 
a regiment were designated as the 13th and 14th. 



THIRTEENTH BATTERY. 

The 13th battery was organized at Grand Rapids, and was mnstered into the 
service of the United States on the 20th of January, 1864. Officers: Captain, 
Callahan H. O'Riordan, Detroit; First Lieutenant, Cathbert W. Laing, 
Detroit; First Lieutenant, Charles Dupont, Detroit; Second Lieutenant, 
George D. Jewett, Grand Rapids ; Second Lieutenant, Richard 0. Wetlierald, 
Flint. 

It left Grand Rapids February 3d in command of Captain O'Riordan, and 
arrived at Washington, D. 0., on the 7th of that mouth. It went into camp 
near Washington, where it was employed in perfecting itself iu drill until the 
14th of May. It was tiien ordered to Fort Slemmer, D. C. During the 
remainder of the year the buttery was stationed iu that fort, and in otlier for- 
tifications in the neighborliood of Washington. On the 11th and 12th of 
July, 1864, in command of Captain Cluis. Dupont, who had been promoted, 
vice O'Riordan resigned, it assisted in the defense of Fort Stevens agaiust the 
uitack of the rebel General Early's forces. 

On the 1st of November, 1864, the battery was stationed in the fortifications 
of Washingiou, being attached to Harndeu's division, 2d corps, and was doing 
garrison duty at Fort Reno, until February 27th, 1865, when it was mounted 
as cavalry and detailed for duty in Marylaud, assisting the 13th N. Y. cavalry 
in suppressing guerillas, and otherwise maintaining peace in that section. 
Immediately after the assassination of President Lincoln, it was on duty with 
the regimeut referred to in Maryland and Pennsylvania, following up the 
parties who had been engaged in tlie conspiracy agaiust the President and his 
cabiuet, and assisted in arresting Harold and Mudd, two of tlie conspirators. 
The battery was dismounted June 16th, and again ordered to garrison duty iu 
Fort Reno, where it remained until the 19th, wheu it left for Michigan, and 
on the 2'M it arrived iu Jackson, where it was mustered out of service ou the 
Ist of July, and then paid off and disbanded. 

It had borne on its rolls during its term of service 257 officers and men, and 
had lost by disease 13 men. 

FOURTEENTH BATTERY. 

The 14th Battery was organized at Kalamazoo and was mustered into the 
service of the United States on the 6th of January, 1864, with the following 
officers: Captain, Chas. Heine, Marshall; First Lieutenant, James J. Kelley, 
Kalamazoo; Second Lieutenant, Lee A. Humphrey, Grand Rapids. On the 
Ist of February it started for Washington iu connnami'' i)f Captain Heine, 
and reported at Cami) Barry, an artillery camp for instruction, on the 6tli of 
February. It was nmunted ou the 2Uth of April and ordered to Fort Bunker 
Hill, D. C, on the 15th of May, and remained there until the 2Jil, when it re- 
turned to Camp Barry, where it was dismounted, and on the xloth moved to 



54-2 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

Fort Slocuni, D. C. The battery was stationed at this and some of the other 
forts near Washington, the rest of the year. On the 11th, 12th, and 13th of 
July it took part in the action near Forts Stevens and Slocum, during the 
attack of the forces of General Early on the defenses of Washington. ^ On the 
1st of November oue section of the battery was at Fort Bunker Hill, one sec- 
tion at Fort Totten, and one with the headquarters at Fort Slemmer. Since 
the battery had been dismounted it served as heavy artillery attached to Hern- 
den's division, 23d army corps. Department of Washington, and garrisoned 
Forts Snyder, Carroll, and Grebble, continuing on that duty until June l?th, 
1865, when it proceeded to Michigan, arriving at Jackson June 21st. On the 
1st of July it was mustered out of service. 

It had carried on the rolls 225 officers and men, and had lost 9 men by 
disease. 



FIRST SHARP-SHOOTERS. 



" Raise the banner, raise it high, boys! 
Let it float a^aiuht the sky; 
'God be with us!' tliis our cry, boys; 
Under it we'll do, or die." 

The organization of the 1st Sharp-shooters began in the fall of 1863, under 
the direction of Colonel C. V. DeLand, its quarters being at Kalamazoo. In 
the spring of 18G3 it went into rendezvous at Dearborn. 

The recruitment of the regiment was partially completed July 7, 1863, when 
it was mustered into the United States service, with six companies, four other 
companies being subsequently mustered. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Colonel, Charles V. DeLand, Jaclfson. Lieutenant Colonel, "William H. H. Beadle, Ann 
Arbor. Major, John Piper, Battle Creeli. Surgeon, Arvin T. Whelan, Hillsdale. Assist- 
ant Surgeon, George L. Cornell, St. Clair. Second Assistant Surgeon, Jacob McNett, 
Grand Haven. Adjutant, Edward J. Buckbee, YpsUanti. Quartermaster, David G. 
Palmer, Jackson. Chaplain, David A. Heagle, Detroit. 

The companies composing the regiment were: 

A. Captain, Levant C. Rhines, Battle Creek. First Lieutenant, George C, Knight, 
Battle Creek. Second Lieutenant, Guy Newbi-e, Emmet. 

B. Captain, Elmer C. Dicey, Grand Haven. First Lieutenant, "William Clark, Hillsdale. 
Second Lieutenant, Francis "^Vhipple, Hillsdale. 

C. Captain, Lucien Meigs, Reading. First Lieutenant, Thomas R. Fowler, Jonesville. 
Second Lieutenant, Albert P. Tliomas, Allen. 

D. Captain, George N. Davis, Albion. First Lieutenant, Samuel E, Hudson, YpsUanti. 
Second Lieutenant, Cyrenus B. Knight, Newton. 

E. Captain, Asahel W. Nichols, Lansing. First Lieutenant, Ira L. Evans, Niles. Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, Henry "V Hinckley, Lansing. 

F. Captain, Hooker A. DeLand, Jackson. First Lieutenant, Joseph O. Bellair, Detroit. 
Second Lieutenant, Martin Wagor, Brittle Creek. 

G. Ca{)tain, Thomas H. GaiTiiey, Niles. First Lieutenant, Moses A. Powell, Niles. 
Second Lieutenant, Charles G. Conn, Elkhart, Indiana. 

H. Captain, Andrew J. Hall, Coldwater. First Lieutenant, George Fowler, Fowlei-vllle. 
Second Lieutenant, William Ruddock. Kimball. 

1. Captain, George H. Murdoch, Berrien Springs. First Lieutenant, Robert F. Hill, 
Kalamazoo. Second Lieutenant, William H. Randall, Pittslield. 

K. Captain, Edwin "V. Andress, Chesaning. Fir.st Lieutenant, WiUiam J. Driggs, East 
Saginaw. Second Lieutenant, Garrett A. Graveraet, Little Traverse. 

During the Muigan raid into Ohio and Indiana tiie regiment, in command 
of Colonel DeLand, was ordered to ludianajjolis, Indiana, and thence jiro- 
ceeded to Seymour, in the same State. Following Morgan's forces, it fell in 

(543) 



544 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

with and attacked their rear guard at North Vernon on July 13th, and on the 
14th at Pierceville, capturing some prisoners. 

j\I organ had entered Indiana and was traveling leisurely across the State, 
robbing and plundering, until he reached the vicinity of Seymour, where six 
companies of the sharp-shooters, about 400 strong, in command of 'DeLand, 
and two companies of the 3;^d Indiana, at home on furlough commanded by 
Captain Moore, had been sent to watch the raider. He struck Uupre Station 
nine miles south of Seymour which he sacked and burned. As soon as noti- 
fied of this act DeLand placed his command in box cars and went to the 
relief of the town, but found on arrival there only the rebel rear guard 
remaining, the main force having moved on Vernon, 35 miles away. Leaving 
the two Indiana companies to take care of the burning village, DeLand with 
his other six companies returned to Seymour, where he took a train for 
Vernon, and from there marched four miles to North Vernon. On his arrival 
he found the citizens parleying with Morgan's flag of truce, about the 
surrender of the place, the whole rebel force being in camp about 
three or four miles out. DeLand paid no attention to the flag of truce, 
but marched directly through the town about 4 P. M. on July 12th. Of 
course the rebs with their flag took to their heels and made for their 
camp. DeLand at once pushed his entire force out by companies to- 
picket all the roads, retaining only the drum corps as a reserve with about three 
hundred citizens who were armed and equipped with guns and ammunition 
from an extra supply on hand. Morgan put out counter pickets, and thus the 
forces stood at 9 P. M. DeLand knowing that the rebel force was far super- 
ior to his, both as to numbers and equipment, resolved to accomplish his pur- 
pose of saving the town by strategy, and at once went to work. With this in 
view he en) ployed several teams driving up and down the road to the railroad 
depot about three miles distant as if carrying supplies, and at intervals during 
the night made use of the drum corps, playing as though additional troops 
had come to reenforce. At 4 A. M. of the 13th the sharp-shooters attacked 
the Morgan pickets on the two principal roads, when considerable tiring for a 
few minutes took place, but at daylight it was discovered that the enemy had 
left his camp and moved in the direction of Pierceville. A few of Morgan's 
stragglers captured said they supposed the town was full of infantry. One 
oflicer remarked : "We could have whipped you'uns in ten minutes." Thus 
was one Indiana town saved from the notorious marauder. DeLand pushed 
on the next day, the 14th, to Pierceville and there had more skirmishing with 
the rear guard of Morgan, whom they followed on foot in the night about 28 
miles to Summan Station, on the railroad to Cincinnati, where the pursuit 
ended, Morgan having made good his escape into Ohio. 

Subsequently the regiment returned to Dearborn, where it continued to 
recruit until its organization was completed with ten companies. 

On the 16th of August it proceeded under orders to Chicago, where it was 
placed on duty guarding a camp of rebel prisoners at Camp Douglas. 

On February 14th, 1864, it was assigned to the 2d brigade, 3d division 
(Willcox's), 9th army corps, and on March 17th it left Chicago with orders 
to join that corps at Annapolis, Maryland. 

The regiment, in command of Colonel DeLand, marched from Annapolis on 
the 23d of April, and proceeded via Alexandria to Warrenton Junction, where 
it arrived on the 28th. Joining the Army of the Potomac then entering upon 
its summer campaign, the regiment left Warrenton Junction May 4th and on, 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 645 

the 5th crossed the Rapidan river. On the 6th and 7th it was engaged in the 
battle of the Wilderness, sustaining a loss of 7 killed or died of wounds, 17 
wounded, and 1 missing. Marching with the army to Spottsylvania 0. H., it 
participated in the battles of the 9[h, 10th, and 12th of May, suffering very 
severely, especially in the action of the 12th. The casualties at Spottsylvania 
were 34 killed, 117 wounded, and 4 missing, including among the killed Major 
Piper. 

From the Ked Book of Michigan: 

"On May 9th the 9th corps moved forward In the direction of Spottsylvania, the 3d 
division in advance, and before noon encountered the enemy, when the lines were formed, 
the sharp-shooters on the left. Immediately the division experienced severe lightuig; 
for a time the line wavered, but advanced quickly, gaining ground all day, and on the 10th, 
with the corps, crossed the Po river, and went into position on the heights southwest of 
the river, where its artillery commanded the junction of the two great wagon ruads which 
the rebels had to hold in order to cover Richmond. Heavy skirmishing continued on the 
11th, and the height of the fighting was reached on the next day; said to have been ac- 
knowledged by the generals of both armies as one of the bloodiest of the campaign. The 
rain having continued for two days, the roads had become totally impassable, and it was 
only by the mobt persistent and overtasking exertions that the 9th and 2d corps were 
joined and put in a defensive position. The rebel general, moving on plank and macad- 
amized roads, took quick advantage of this state of affairs to make a tremendous onslaught 
upon the 9th corps while thus isolated and unsupported, with a swollen and almost im- 
passable river in its rear. General Burnside, not waiting to be attacked, initiated the 
action, and the fighting commenced at 4 o'clock A. M. The 1st division (Crittenden's) 
in front, assisted by the 2d division (Potter's; , maintained the action until noon, when the 
3d division (Willcox's) was put in, when a most determined and vigorous attack was made 
by the 1st brigade, under General Hartranft, which drove the rebels into their works and 
gave the Union troops a most decided advantage, and the division was instantly formed 
and ordered to assault the main line of works, while, at the same time, as was afterwards 
ascertained, Anderson's corps of the rebel army had been preparing to charge to dislodge 
the Union troops. 

" The Federal line swiftly advanced, with a cheer, to the desperate contest. Answer- 
ing back came the shrill yell of the rebel hosts, as iJf in confident defiance. Midway the 
space between the two lines of battle the two charging columns met, amid the thick smoke 
of battle, in a dense thicket of pines; the bloody struggle commenced and almost in an 
instant after the first shock they became mixed in inextricable confusion, and the charge 
became a series of furious and unrelenting hand-to-hand encounters. At length the supe- 
rior numbers of the rebels began to force the Union lines to retire; regiment after regi- 
ment fell slowly and sullenly back, and the whole left was in retreat. The terrible sacri- 
fice of the troops attest their valor and the magnitude of the struggle. 

"On a little knoll, among the thick spindhng pine, where their rifles commanded the 
country for their fuU range, rallied two 5lichigan regiments — the Ist sharp-shooters. Col- 
onel De Land, and the 27th, Major Moody, while a little back, in a ravine, was the 14th 
New York Batteiy, supported by the 2d Michigan Infantry. The combat slowly, sullenly, 
disastrously rolling down from the left, was bursting upon them, when Colonel Humphrey 
of the 2d Michigan, commanding brigade, cool as an iceberg and resolute as fate, said: 
' Boys, this must be stopped!' The leaden hail pattered and whistled with terrillc furor, 
but the little band stood firm. More than once the bold rebels laid their hands on the 
guns of the battery only to be driven back by well-directed volleys. A cheer arose, the 
rebels were checked, broken, but not defeated; in an incredibly short time they had re- 
formed, and again the fearful struggle was renewed. On the right stood the 27th, fight- 
ing with unequalled coolness and bravery; everything on the left of the sharp-shooters 
had been swept away, and the attack on their front and Hank, with both infantry and 
artillery pouring in shot and shell, was terrific; but they gallantly held their ground. On 
the left of the sharp-shooters were a company of civilized Indians, in command of the 
gallant and lamented young Graveraet, an eilucated half-breed— as brave a band of war- 
riors as ever struck a war-path; they sulTend dreadfully, but never faltered nor moved, 
sounding the war-whoop with every volley, and their unerring aim quickly taught the 
rebels they were standing on dangei'ous ground. The fighting continued on. Near night 
a rumor runs along the lines that ammunition is gone, and the cry of 'give them the eteel' 
is received with a cheer. The attack has again been repulsed, and the storm luila; the 
fight is losing its horrid fury, and with a fearful burst of artiUery it sinks into a scattered 
skirmish, but not until the darkness came did the battle cease. During tlii.-- fearful and 

69 



646 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

bloody day Colonel De Land was twice struck and prostrated by the flying: missiles, but, 
badly injured as he was, remained faithful to his command. The regiment lost 34 killed, 
117 wounded, and 4 missing. Among the killed was Major John Piper, a brave and 
lamented officer, who, after several years' hard and faithful service, fell by a shot through 
the brain." 

The regiment, in command of Major L. 0. Ehines, Colonel De Land being 
wounded on the 12th, arrived on the banks of the North Anna on the 23d of 
May, where it was somewhat warmly engaged in several skirmishes with the 
enemy on that day, losing in these encounters 2 killed, 7 wounded, and 5 
missing. On the 26th the regiment again moved by a circuitous route to the 
Pamunky river, crossing it on the 28th, accomplishing on that day a march 
of 32 miles. It arrived at Tolopotomy creek on the 29th, where it engaged in 
skirmishing, with a loss of only 1 wounded. June 2d it again resumed the 
march, meeting the enemy at Bethesda Church that afternoon, but being in 
the supporting line suffered but little, having but 2 wounded. 

On the 4th the regiment marched to Cold Harbor, and lay in the front line 
during the operations there, its casualties being one killed, 6 wounded, and 10 
missing. It evacuated the works at Cold Harbor on the 11th of June, crossing 
the Jiimes river on the night of the 15th. 

Passing through Grant's great campaign on Kichmond with much credit, 
and crossing the James river, it arrived with its division in front of Peters- 
burg June 16th, and on the next day, while in command of Major Rhines, 
became so heavily engaged and so specially distinguished in charging and 
holding the enemy's works, and repelling his repeated assaults to retake them, 
that tliis bloody battle became one of the most prominent events in the history 
of the regiment. 

The position of the regiment being on the extreme left of the corps, and 
the 6th corps failing to connect the line after the capture of the rebel works, 
a large gap was left through which the rebels poured their troops, and most 
severe fighting occurred; the regiment most gallantly repulsed the enemy in 
two successive and vigorous charges, taking 2 officers and 86 men prisoners, 
and the colors of the 3oth North Carolina, which were captured by Corporal 
Benj. F. Young, of Company I, who was promoted for distinguished gallantry 
on the occasion. During the engagement the left of the regiment became 
completely enveloped, and was placed in a position compelling it either to 
surrender or cut its way through the rebel lines; the last-named resort was 
determined on, and having first destroyed the national color of the regiment 
to prevent its falling into the hands of the enemy, then commenced lighting 
its way out, and finally succeeded in getting through the rebel lines. The 
gallant Major Rhines fell in this desperate struggle, together with 31 killed 
and died of wounds, 46 wounded, and 84 missing, including among the killed 
Captain Geo. C. Knight, and among the mortally wounded Captain Thomas 
H. Gaffney and Lieutenant Garrett A. Graveraet. The forjner died at Wash- 
ington, June 20th, and the latter on the 10th of July foiluwmg. Lieutenant 
Martin Wager was killed in the trenches on June 23ii. 

From this date to the 30th of July, again in command of Colonel DeLand, 
it remained in the advanced lines of intrenchments, and was almost constantly 
under fire. On the 30th of July the regiment led its brigade in the charge on 
the rebel works contiguous to the fort which was blown up by tlie "mine," and 
aided in carried the works, taking about 50 prisoners. The rebels having 
finally succeeded in retaking the works, it was obliged to retire, with a loss of 
3 men killed. Colonel DeLand and 12 men wounded and Captain Dicey, of 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 54? 

Company B, and 33 men captured and missing. The regiment, then in the 
]8t division, remained in front of Petersburg until the lOth of August, when 
it was ordered to move to the Weldon railroad. Soon after it reached there it 
assisted in retaking a line of works from wliich our forces had been driven. Its 
loss in this affair was one killed and two wounded. It was also engaged at 
Keam's Station on the 25th, and was there employed in the erection of works 
until the 28th of September. 

On the 30th of September it participated in the battlo of Poplar Spring 
Church, with a loss of two enlisted men killed and Colonel DeLand, Captain 
Bellair and 16 men wounded, all of whom were left on the tieid and fell mto 
the hands of the enemy. DeLand being wounded and a prisoner, Captain 
Geo. II. Murdoch, of Company I, succeeded to the command, retaining it 
until December 16th following. 

The siiarp-shooters being directed to lead the advance of their brigade 
against the rebel works on the Pegram Farm in this engagement, pushed the 
enemy out of his first line, but the troops of the 2d division on tlie right 
falling back, allowed the brigade (Hartrauft's), on the extreme left of the 
army, and to which the sharp-shooters belonged, to be flanked. Tlie brigade 
"was assaulted by infantry on the right and by Hampton's cavalry on the 
left, but held the position for over two hours, when it was forced to fall back, 
passing through a ravine which was enfiladed by a terrible fire of musketry. 
In this retreat General Hartranft directed Captain Murdoch to rally Ins men 
and commence firing, and although the rebel infantry were on the right flank 

and Hampton's cavalry on the left, yelling, " Surrender, you yankee ," 

which could be heard in every direction, the regiment rallied and delivered 
several efl'ective volleys, which checked the cavalry, enabling the brigade to 
rally on the sharp-shooters, when the cavalry withdrew from the field. The 
regiment was also engaged at Pegram's Farm October 2d, and on the 8th at 
Boyd ton Road. 

On the 27th of October it took part in the movement toward the South Side 
railroad, and was engaged during the day in skirmishing with the enemy at 
Hatcher's Kun, losing 5 men wounded. On the 28th it abandoned tne tem- 
porary works which it had thrown up the preceding night, and returned to ita 
old camp, where it remained on trench and picket duty until March 25th fol- 
lowing. On that day two companies of the regiment (I and K), in command 
of Captain Jas. S. DeLand, of Company K, assisted in rei)elling the assault of 
the enemy on Fort Steedman, and were in the final charge which drove l)im 
behind his works on that occasion, capturing more prisoners than they had 
men engaged, and with but slight loss to themselves. 

On April 2d, 1865, the regiment, then in command of Lieutenant Colonel 
W. A. JNicliols and in the brigade of Colonel Ralph Ely, again most signally 
acquired a veiy enviable notoriety and great credit for a most daring and bril- 
liant achievement while making a demonstration in front of Petersburg, on 
the lefL of the enemy's works for the purpose of drawing troujjs from his right 
while our forces were attacking him at other points. After making twoetlorts, 
under a very severe fire of musketry and artillery, the regiment succeeded iu 
getting hold on his works to the extent of its regimental front, which it held 
for an hour under a terrific tire. The object of the attack having been 
attained, it was ordered back to its former position, having suffered a heavy 
loss. On the next day, about 4 A. M., then in command of Major E. J. 
Buckbee, Colonel Kichols having been wounded on tne 2d, it was again 



548 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

ordered to advance, under the supposition that the enemy was withdrawing. 
On moving forward and finding that he had evacuated his works, it pushed on 
and was the first regiment to enter Petersburg, and while Colonel Ely was 
receiving the surrender of the city raised the first national flag on the court- 
house of that rebel stronghold. 

The capture of Petersburg was long and anxiously looked for, as leading to 
the immediate possession of Kichmond by the Union forces. It was finally 
accomplished, the rebel army fled, and Kichmond fell. Michigan troops were 
prominently instrumental in bringing about the result. Colonel Ely's brigade 
of Michigan regiments, belonging to Willcox's division (1st), 9th corps, were, 
as previously stated, the first to enter the city and place their colors on the 
public buildings, raising one flag on the court-house and another on the cus- 
tom-house, Colonel Ely himself receiving the surrender of the city from the 
authorities. 

The casualties of the regiment while in the trenches in front of Petersburg 
were 27 killed and died of wounds, and 6 wounded. 

General Willcox, in the following report of the operations of his division in 
that affair says : 

"I have the honor to report the operations of this division in the field from the 29th of 
March to the 9th of April, 1865, inclusive. 

" On the night of the 29th of March, at 10.30 o'clock, the enemy opened on my lines, 
stretching from above Fort Morton to the Appomattox, with aU their artillery of every 
description, and some muslcetry from their main line. At about 11 o'clock the artillery 
lulled. I expected an advance of the enemy's troops and was ready to received them, but 
no attack was made, and a desultory firing of artillery only continued through the night. 

" It afterwards appeared from the ofiBcial reports of the enemy that they thought that 
•we had made an attack; in fact Major General Gordon reported such to be the case, and 
that they had handsomely repulsed us; but, although we were under orders from corps 
headquarters to be ready to attack, and I had caused to be distributed axes for cutting 
the eiH^my's abatis, yet no sort of attack was actually ordered or made on our front. 

"The sensitiveness of the enemy seemed to encourage our men. Preparations were 
made on the 31st as well as on April 1st for a night attack opposite Forts Steedman 
and Haskell, and at a point in tront of Ely's brigade, nearer the Appomattox. 
Through the night of the 2d various demonstrations were made along the line, and the 
enemy's picket-pits captured at various points, in pursuance of orders from corps head- 
quarters, made in aid of operations being carried out on the left of the army. 

"At about 1 o'clock on the morning of the 2d of April, orders were received from corps 
headquarters to mass one brigade (except garrisons) by 4 o'clock on the same morning 
near Fort Sedgwick, on the 2d division front, where General Hartranft was to make a real 
attack with his division and a brigade from each of the other divisions, while, by the same 
order, I was directed to make a vigorous demonstration along my whole division line with, 
the rest of my troops at the same hour. 

"Colonel Harriman was accordingly detached, with staff oflQcers who knew the road, 
with tools, ammunition, and every possible aid, to report to Hartranft; and this brigade 
was in pot^ition and formed at the mpment required. 

" The demonstration along the line begun precisely at 4, by the 2d brigade. Brevet Col- 
onel Ralph Ely; 3d brigade. Brevet Colonel G. P. Robinson, and Colonel WiUiam J. 
Bolton, commanding 51ht Pennsylvania, left on the 1st brigade line of entrenchments. 
Some of the enemy's picket-pits were captured near the ' Old Crater' by Colonel Bolton. 
The pickets of the 3d and 2d brigades, strongly reinforced, advanced handsomely, the 
artillery opened vigorously, and large portions of the enemy were down to oppose what 
they considered a real attack in force. 

" On the extreme right, near the Appomattox, a portion of Ely's brigade actually car- 
ried some 200 yards oi the enemy's works; but our lines, two miles in length, were toa 
much attenuated to hold the ground. iSome seventy-five prisoners were secured and 
brought in. Three regiments were withdrawn from other points and double-quicked to 
the point, but before it could be reinlorced the enemy had recovered it. 

" Tiie effect of the movement, however, on the grand result was most happy, inasmuch 
as it contributed to weaken the enemy's Une in front of Fort Sedgwick, where the real 
attack was completely successful. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 649 

"For the handsome part performed by Harriman's brigade of this division at the Intter 
point, I respectfully refer you to his own report and that of Brevet Major Geiieial Hur- 
trauft, commanding at that part of the line. 

"Through the day offensive demonstrations were kept up, and the batteries playing In 
aid of the more serious work of the day going on fuilher to the left. 

"In the afternoon and evening the enemy strengthened their line opposite me; but 
about midnight of the 2d reports came up from Colonel Ely, commanding 2d brigade, and 
Colonel James Bentlifif, now commanding 3d brigade, by virtue of his rank, that tiiere 
were signs of the enemy's withdrawing from our front, leaving only their picket line. I 
gave orders to the 2d brigade commanders to press through as soon as possible. 

" At about 2 A. M. on the 3d, some of our parties broke through. 

"Bentliff's brigade advanced upon Cemetery hill and Ely's more directly Into town, 
with a section of Stone's battery. I gave Colonel Ely orders to take measures to at once 
secure order in the city. 

" At 4.28 one of Ely's flags, that of the 1st Michigan Sharp-shooters, was raised on the 
court house, and that of the 2d Michigan on the custom house a few minutes later, and 
guards were posted about the town. 

"The 2d and 2(ith Michigan Infantry and 1st Michigan Sharp-shooters were in the 2d 
brigade, commanded by Colonel Kalph Ely, of the 8th Michigan. 

" The 8th and 27th Michigan were in the 1st brigade. 

" The 17th Michigan was acting as an engineer regiment at division headquarters." 

Colonel Ely's brigade was in the advance on the morning of the surrender 
of Petersburg, and on reaching the suburbs of that city was met by some of 
the principal citizens, when they delivered him the following communication 
which is a verbatim copy of the original now in possession of General Ely: 

Lieutenant General U. S. Grant, Commanding the Armies of the United States, or the 
Major General Commanding U. S. forces in front of Petersburg: 
General, — The city of Petersburg having been evacuated by the Confederate troops, 
we, a committee authorized by the common council, do hereby surrender the city to the 
United States forces, with a request for the protection of the persons and property of its 
Inhabitants. 

We are, respectfully, your obedient servants, 

W. W. TOWNES, Mayor, 
D'ARCY PAUL, 
Petersbtjeg, April 3d, 1863. CHARLES F. COLLINS. 

Colonel Ely replied verbally, the people of Petersburg could be assured of the 
protection of the 2d brigade. 

The New York Herald had the following report by Thomas M. Cook, for- 
merly of Detroit, and then on the staff of that paper: 

" At midnight on Saturday (AprU 2d) General Willcox received orders to make a demon- 
stration on his extreme riglit, in order to draw as many of the rebels as possible in that 
direction, and thus assist the attacks that had been planned for the following morning. 
The demonstration was made with great earuestnes at the same time that Admiral Porter 
was hammering away with his gunboats up the James river. All the artillery on that 
part of the hne was ordered into play, and the skirmish hue in front of Ely's brigade was 
advanced. The moon was yet shining and the night was perfectly clear, so that the 
attack was distinctly witnessed from the bluffs in the rear. The men moved forward 
steadily, and soon the sharp volleys of musketry indicated their approach to the rebel 
lines; the artillery on the heights behind them fired more briskly, the shells sluieking 
through the air overhead. Then the rebel batteries opened, and the most infernal din 
was awakened to disturb the placid stillness of the night. Amid the noise and smoke tlie 
skiiniibhors kept steadily on, meeting with so little opposition that they were enabled to 
cross the rebel lines, enter their works, capture pri.soners in numbers greater tlian their 
own, and finally advanced into the outskirts of the town, where they met a strong body 
of rebels coming out to reinforce the portion of the Une that had just been captured. A 
brisk engagement was fought here, within the limits of the city; but our nunilM-rs were 
80 small that we were compelled to withdraw, and reluctantly fell back to our own lines. 
Had the troops been at hand to reinforce the movement, instead of being simply a ilemon- 
stralion it could easily have been turned into an actual atUick, and would have given us 
then tlie whole left of the rebel hne of works and cut tliom off from Petersburg entirely. 



650 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

General Willcox was very anxious to chane:e the character of the affair, but at the criticaF 
moment he received orders to attack at the earliest dawn of the njorning on his left, so- 
that he could do nothing more at this tinje. The success of the demonstration gave rise 
to the report which was sent away yesterday morning, that we had possession of Peters- 
burg. In the movement we lost a few men only, among them Lieutenant Colonel Nichols 
of the 1st Michigan Sharp-shooters, seriously wounded. One effect of the move*ment was 
most excellent. Lee had mobolized so large a portion of his army against Sheridan that 
there was merely a picket line left here. The demonstration compelled him to recall some 
of his troops that had been sent elsewhere in order that he should not be flanked here. 

" So soon as this affair was over Willcox began massing his few available men for the 
appointed attack on the left. This was to be a combined and determined attack. The 
object was two-fold — first, by a more earnest demonstration to recall a greater portion of 
the rebels who were massed on their extreme right; and second, if possible, to force their 
lines. 

" The part of the attack assigned to General Willcox was to cany Fort Mahone, one of 
the most formidable works on the rebel lines, situated at the point where their line crosses 
the Jerusalem plank road, and directly in front of Fort Emory, where the left of Willcox's 
division rested. For this purpose the first brigade, Colonel Samuel Harriman, of the 37th 
Wisconsin, was brought around from the right of the hue and put into position, supported 
by a brigade of Potter's division of the same corps. While this was being done similar 
dispositions were making further to the left, and a system of cannon signals had been 
agreed upon to fix the moment of starting, that all hands might assault simultaneously. 

"At precisely 4 o'clock the signal gun was heard. It was scarcely gray dawn, and a 
considerable mist hung over the fields, so that objects wei-e quite indistinct at a very 
short distance, and not visible at all a few hundred yards away. From this cause the 
preparation made had been wholly secreted from the enemy. The signal gun, breaking the 
stillness of the morning, may possibly have been an alarm of danger to them; but as they 
knew not whence to look, they doubtless simply remained very quiet. 

" Coionel Harriman advanced at once. A small detachment of his brigade was thrown 
out as skirmishers, while the rest followed close after in line of battle with fixed bayonets. 
The men moved very quietly and in perfect order, though manifesting an eagerness of 
spirit that was an assurance of success. That they went to stay was indicated by their 
being accompanied by a detachment of 100 men of the 1st Connecticut heavy artillery, 
prepared to turn and work upon the rebels the guns that should be captured. They 
passed out into the darkness and all was still. A painful season of suspense followed. 
Presently a musket is heard, then another, and soon a volley. They have reached the 
rebel picket line. Now a hearty cheer is heai-d, followed by a roar of musketry. The' 
cheering and the musketry firing is taken up and runs along to the left untU it is lost in 
the distance. The flash of the muskets disclose the positions. Instantly the artillery of 
both sides is at work, and 200 guns belch forth their thunder tones of anger. In the roar 
of the artillery all other sounds are hushed or drowned. But the work is done. It was 
done quickly. A second cheer and a second volley fi'om our skirmishers, and the gallant 
Haniman gave the order, ' Chai'ge bayonets! — double-quick! — charge!' and away the 
noble fellows went, over breastworks, rifle-pits, abatis, and the parapet of the fort into 
the main work, and the deed is accomplished. For a moment the thunder-struck rebels 
looked, and then took to flight. But our brave fellows were too close alter them. They 
could not all escape. Two hundred and filty in that single work were sent back as pris- 
oners. Nine guns also were captured, which were quickly trained in duections opposite 
to where they had been facing and set at work upon other annoying rebel batteries. The 
glory of the first entrance into the work is disputed by the 27th Michigan and the 1st Con- 
necticut Heavy Artillery. The former had their colors with them, which were the first 
set upon the parapet, and hence they have the proof of priority. 

" The importance of this gallaat achievement, and those simultaneously made farther to 
the left, cannot be overestimated. It rent the whole fine in two; it separated the right 
and left wings of their army. If evacuation had been determined upon by them, it closed 
the main door of oscape for their right whig. Moreover, it took from them conunanding 
positions of great importance and a large aujount of valuable aitillery. It was not to be 
su[)i)os(jd that they would yield points of such vital importance to themselves withouC 
further effort. 

" Scarcely were wo quiet in possession of the fort, when the rebels, having reorganized 
their forces and picked up some reinlorcements, came up with a determined elYort to 
retake it. They made a most desperate assault, standing up manfully against terrific dis- 
charges of giape and caniir>ter, and withering volhys of musketry; but it was all to no 
purpose. The heroic little garrison stood their ground bravely and obstinately, while the 
iuLidery of all our forts sent forth murderous assistance in rapid time. The din of the 
Urst assault was fully revived. Pandemonium would be a place of rest in comparison to 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 551 

the unceasing roar of that artillery, the shricklnp and bursting of so many sholls, the 
yells of the rebels, the rattle of the musketry, and the linal clu't'riiifr of our men as the 
rebel lines wavered, broke, and finally went back in disorder. Four times subsequently 
during the day did they attempt to retake this position, but were each time sent back in 
disorder. It was in one of these assaults that the rebel General A. P. Hill lost his life, 
while seeking in person to lead his men up to the works. 

"These successive attacks and repulses consumed the entire day. Meanwhile, how- 
ever, the 6th and 24th corps, having broken through the rebel lines in their iront, were 
swinging around to their rear and coming down both upon their rear and Hank. It was 
eviilent then that Petersburg was lost to the rebellion. If they (-ouUl not retake these 
works where our lines were extended, how much less their chance when we were concen- 
trating and bringing within reach a force so vastly superior to any tliey could possibly 
muster. The day was up witli them and they knew it; but now their anxiety was for 
night; ' Oh, for night or Blucher,' they might well cry. 

"The movements of the Gth corps were so rapid after breaking their lines that even 
General Lee could scarcely keep his sacred person safe; as it was, his headquarters were 
overhauled and fell into our hands. It is reported that they were destroyed. Through- 
out the early part of the night operations were confined to skirmishing, more or less heavy 
at different hours, along the entire line. The utmost vigilance was exerfLsed, and it was 
confidently anticipated that the rebels would take advantage of the darkness to get away. 
Soon after dark General Willcox was sent for by General Parke, and lemained at corps 
headquarters until midnight, in conference with his superior. At a tew minutes past 12 
o'clock the rebels advanced and made a demonstration of attack upon the center of our 
lines. Scattering volleys of musketry aroused the reserves, who, overcome by the 
fatigues of the protracted day and night struggles could not avoid sleeping whenever a 
moment's opportunity presented itself. Quickly the lines were in readiness, and eveiy 
body at his post. Then the firing increased. Soon the forts opened with their heavy 
artiileiy. The rebel guns responded briskly. The darkness was intense. A tliick mist 
hung over the country, mixed with the smoke of the past day's battle, rendering it a night 
of horrid character. Throuf;li the thick daikness a bank of lurid hght hung over the city 
of Petersburg, betokening destruction and ruin in progress, and amid it all the unseen 
attack, the roar of musketry, the thunder of artillery, the cheering and shouting of the 
soldiers, the groping about in apprehension and fear — who can paint such scenes. 

"But the attack was of short duration. The brave fellou-s in the trenches knew its 
import. They appreciated, also, how near they were to a glorious victory, and how im- 
portant that they should stand their ground without wavering. And faithfully they per- 
formed their duty, sending the rebels back bleeding, disheartened, discouraged. Then 
followed a season of anxious stillness. Not a sound disturbed the quiet of that thick black 
midnight. No picket firing, no signal guns, no attacks or indications of attack; a terrible, 
momentous, threatening quiet, which only can be appreciated by those who have spent a 
night on a battle-field. Orders were issued to the pickets to advance and keep close to 
the rebel fines. "Watch them closely; give them no chance to run; when they start, go 
after them; no matter for rest — sleep comes after the victory. Vigilance was now all- 
important. 

" At 3 o'clock our skirmishers occupied the main lines of the rebel works, and orders 
were issued for an immediate advance. At 3.3U A. M. horses were saddled, coffee swal- 
lowed, and away to Petersburg. At 4 o'clock Colonel Ely reported his brigade in Pi'ters- 
burg. The 1st Michigan Sharp-shooters, leading the skirmis^^hers and pressing hard upon 
the rear of the rebel forces, were the first to enter the long fought for city. With cheers 
and shouts of triumph they entered; but the fighting was done. At every step they picked 
up rebels anxious to surrender, but nowhere any willing to fight. Petersburg was ours, 
won by hard fighting and determined bravefy. If there be any confederacy left, its peo- 
ple may seek to give the impression that they evacuated the city voluntaiily. A more 
complete driving out was never accomplished. A victory more signal and indispuUible 
has not been gained in this war. The 9Lh corps has made a reputation in this grand suc- 
cess sufficient, had it never before achieved di.stiriction, to place it among the most gallant 
coi ps of the United States ainiy. Left alone to hold the okl lines that lormerly had been 
gairisoned by the army of the Potomac, it not only held them securely, but advanced 
agaiubl the main rebel lines, piercing them in several places, capturing and hoMing sev- 
eral forts and a score of guns, with a large number of prisoners, holdintr their advaiitjvgea 
and contributing to a veiy large extent to the glorious achievement that has crowned the 
united efforts of the whole army. 

" 'Jlie 1st division ahme, under General Willcox, In their operations of yesterday, not 
only held the extended line of two miles and over against all attacks, but tiiemselves 
attacked the strongest positions on the rebel lines, capturing two ft)rts. niin- guns, nearly 
l.OUO prisoners, several fiags, etc., and all with a loss to themselves of about 200 men. 



552 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 

And now they add to their record the capture of the rest of the rebel lines, guns, tents, 
prisoners innumerable, and finally the city of Petersburg. Glory enough for one division. 

" General Willcox was in the field throughout the whole affair, and directed the opera- 
tions of the division, as the result demonstrated, with great judgment and ability. His 
men have behaved with a gallantry that has been seldom equaled. 

" My route from Fort Emory into the city of Petersburg was by the Baxter-road, and 
led directly across the fortifications of both armies. A more difficult ride it was never my 
fortune to attempt, — covered ways, rifle-pits, breastworks, ditches, etc.; ditches that 
could be leaped and ditches wide and deep, parallels and cross sections, abatis and entan- 
glements of every description, — the exhaustion of engineering skill. An entanglement 
of digging, such as never before was seen, covered the greater part of the distance. For 
the breadth of more than a mile the country is all dug over. Every manner of earthwork 
has been thrown up by either army. Corrections of the lines, alterations and changes, 
have kept the armies busy for a year. It is impossible to describe this vast network of 
intrenchments from the hasty glance I had whUe riding over them. The civilian cannot 
better understand than by conceiving a vast system of sunken roads suflBcient for man- 
euvering armies of 100,000 men, without exposing any above level ground. This is one 
feature of these extensive works, to which must be added the high and strong breastworks 
running in zigzag courses, with batteries and redoubts interspersed; and then the advanced 
picket lines, with the various sunken paths of communication; and behind all the chain of 
strong forts, with wide and deep ditches, fringed with cheveaux-de-frise, the same as in 
front of all the other works. " 

The regiment remained in Petersburg for three days, when it marched to a 
point on the South Side raih'oad, distant about 20 miles, where it was engaged 
in guarding that road and on picket duty until after the surrender of Lee, 
when, with its division, it proceeded to Alexandria, thence marched through 
Washington and encamped near Georgetown, and on the 23d of May partici- 
pated in the review of the Army of the Potomac, and returned again to its 
camp, where it remained until July 28th, when it was mustered out of service 
and started, in command of Major Buckbee, for Michigan, arriving at Jack- 
son on the 31st. On the 7th of August it was paid off and disbanded. 

Engagements — North Vernon, Indiana, July 13, 18(33; Pierceville, Ind., 
July 14, 1863; Wilderness, Va., May 5, 6, 7, 1864; Ny river, Va., May 9, 
1864; Po river, Va.,May 10, 1864; Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 33, 18, lt>64; 
Ox Ford, Va., May 23, 18G4; North Anna, Va., May 34, 25, 1864; Tolopot- 
omy, Va., May 29, 1864; Bethesda Church, Va., June 2, 3, 1864; Cold 
Harbor, Va., June 7, 1864; Petersburg, Va., June 17, 18, 1864; The Crater, 
Va., July 30, 1864; Weldon railroad, Va., August 19, 21, 1864; Ream's 
Station, Va., August 25, 1864; Poplar Spring Church, Va., September 30, 
1864; Pegram Farm, Va., October 2, 1864; Boydton road, Va., October 8, 
1864; Hatcher's Run, Va., October 27, 28, 1864; Fort Steed man, Va., 
March 25, 1865; Fort McGilvery, Va., April 1, 1865; capture of Petersburg, 
Va., April 3, 1865; siege of Petersburg, Va., from June 17, J864 to April 3, 
1865. 

The entire enrollment of the regiment was 1,364, of which it sustained a 
loss of 4 officers and 65 men killed in action, 2 officers and 42 men died of 
woundsj 150 men of disease ; being a total of 263. 

•' Such memories hallowed we'll cherish- 
How precious to die with the bravel 
O shout, Ne'er can Liberty perish — 
Her saviors confront e'en the grave." 



FIRST REGIMENT CAVALRY. 



" To horse! to horse! up, sabres, gleam; 
High winds our bugle call; 
Couibined by honor's sacred tie, 
Our word is law and liberty! 
March forward, one and all." 

The 1st Cavalry commenced recruiting on August 2l8t, 1861, at Camp 
Lyon, near Detroit, the place of rendezvous, the organization of the regiment 
being under the direction of Thornton F. Brodhead, who had been appointed 
its colonel. It was mustered into the service on the 13th of September fol- 
lowing, with 1,144 officers and men on the rolls. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Colonel, Thornton F. Brodhead, Grosse Isle. Lieutenant Colonel, Joseph T. Coplnnd, 
Pontiac. Majors, William S. Atwood, Detroit; Angelo Paldi, Detroit; Charles H. Town] 
Detroit. Surgeon, George K. Johnson, Grand Rapids. Assistant Surgeon, Alfred k! 
Nash, Trenton. Adjutant, William M. Brevoort, Detroit. Quartermaster, James L 
David, Trenton. Chaplain, Jonathan Hudson, Trenton. 

COMPANIES. 

A. Captain, James G. Stebbins, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Wellington W. Gray, Pon- 
tiac. Second Lieutenant, Charles J. Snyder, Detroit. 

B. Captain, Charles H. Town, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Andrew W. Duggan, Detroit. 
Second Lieutenant, Edward Fishpool, New Baltimore. 

C. Captain, James G. Fisher, Detroit. First Lieutenant, William H. Way, Jr., Pontiac. 
Second Lieutenant, Ealph Z. Phelps, Lapeer. 

D. Captain, Josiah B. Park, Ovid. First Lieutenant, Arthur M. Kankln, Essex, C. W. 
Second Lieutenant, Thurlow W. Lusk, Duplain. 

E. Captain, William S. Atwood, Detroit. First Lieutenant, William H. Perkins, 
Detroit. Second Lieutenant, Jabez J. Daniels, Hudson. 

F. Captam, Henry K. White, Lapeer. First Lieutenant, William H. Freeman, Lapeer. 
Second Lieutenant, Sylvester Shafer, Lapeer. 

G. Captain, Angelo Paldi, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Frederick A. Copeland, Pontiac. 
Second Lieutenant, Fordyce H. Rogers, Pontiac. 

H Captain, Thomas M. Howrigan, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Michael F. Gallagher, 
Detroit. Second Lieutenant, William M. Brevoort, Detroit. 

I. Captain, George S. Acker, Kalamazoo. First Lieutenant, HermaD E. Hasoall, Kala- 
mazoo. Second Lieutenant, Charles L. Sherman, Kalamazoo. 

K. Captain, William D. Mann, Detroit. First Lieutenant, James L David, Trenton. 
Second Lieutenant, Peter Stagg, Trenton. 

L. Captain, Melvin Brewer, Almont. First Lieutenant, Hasbruck Beeve, Detroit. 
Second Lieutenant, John K. Truax, Grand Rapids. 

M. Captain, Rollin C. Denison, Kalamazoo. First Lieutenant, Charles H. Sprague, 
Kalamazoo. Second Lieutenant, William M. HoazUtt, Duwagiao. 

Freeman Norvell having been commissioned aa Captain to rank from- August 
70 • (553) 



554 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

22d, 1861, was assigned to the command of Company B, on the 23d of 
November followhig, vice Town, promoted to Major. 

The 1st, while in Camp Lyon, near Detroit, on September 28, 1861, was 
made the recipient of a flag from the citizens of Springwells. The presenta- 
tion was made by the Hon. H. T. Backus, to which Colonel Brodheaa replied 
in a telling speech, full of burning eloquence and patriotism. The flag was of 
blue silk, heavily fringed, with the national arms on each side, under which 
was embliizoned, in gold letters, " First Micliigan Cavalry." 

On the 29th of September, 1861, the regiment left its rendezvous in com- 
mand of Colonel Brodhead, under orders to proceed to Washington. 

It lay in camp at Frederick, Maryland, a considerable portion of the winter, 
its principal service following, being on the upper Potomac, in the Shen- 
andoah valley, and near the eastern slopes of the 131ue Kidge. 

In February, 1862, General Banks was in command of the union troops on 
the Maryland side of the Potomac, the 1st Michigan Cavalry composing part 
of his force. 

Lossing says : 

" Banks had sent a force under General Geary to re-occupy Harper's Feriy as the first 
step toward seizing and holding the Shenandoah Valley. He took command there in per- 
son late in February, and with his force occupied the heights near the ferry; also Charles- 
town and Leesburg and other important points on each side of the Blue Ridge. Jackson, 
who had occupied places directly in front of Banks, was pushed back to Winchester, where 
he was posted with his division of nearly eight thousand men, when, early in March, 
Johnson evacuated Manassas. That evacuation was followed by the retirement of Jack- 
son up the Shenandoah Valley. On the approai;h of the union troops under Generals 
Hamilton and Williams (Michigan) on March 11th, he retreated to Mount Jackson, about 
forty miles above Winchester, where he was in direct communication withaforce at Luray 
and another at Washington, on the eastern side of the mountain, not far from Thompson's 
Gap. Shields pursued Jackson on March 19th to his halting place. Sliields found his 
antagonist too strong to warrant an attack, and he fell back to Winchester for the two- 
fold purpose of safety and drawing Jackson from his supports. He was closely pursued 
by Jackson's cavalry under Ashby, one of the most dashing of the Confederate cavalry 
officers in that region. " 

From a correspondent belonging to the 1st Michigan Cavalry, covering in 
detail its mai'ch from B^'ederick to Winchester: 

" We left Frederick on the 24th of February, '62 and without any material delay crossed 
the Potomac at Harper's Ferry and occupied Charlestowu, Va. On taking possessio.i we 
had several trifling skirmishes, confined to the cavalry, in which our regiment was for 
the first time under fire, and in which several of the companies obtained considerable 
credit for their dashing charges and gallant behavior. They made several prisoners, 
and captured some v^duable property in the shape of horses. Hour, and cloth. We were 
detained there until the 10th, when we marched for Berryvilie, reaching there the same 
daj-. At Berryvilie we remained untU the 12th, when we made a moonlight march for 
Winchester, arriving at midnight. 

" In all of these marches some of the companies have been constantly in the advance, 
and every town tiiey reached they charged through. They have done nobly, foraltliough 
they have met with but little opposition and have had no serious engagtunent, yet wlien 
they dashed into tlu;se places tht^y were unaware of what their reception might be, and in 
many cases had information leading them to expect to meet a large body of the enemy; 
and yet they rushed on without hesitation, and with a spirit showing they would give a 
good account of themselves when they met the enemy. 

" General Hamilton's brigade, to which was attached companies K and L, and a detach- 
ment of thirty men from Company H, of this regiment, under connnand of Captain Mann 
of Company K, marched on Winchester from Bunker Hill yesterday (March 13th), and 
when williin a mile of the entienchments thrown up by Jackson just outside the town, 
the scouts reporting everything clear except a force of Colonel Ashby's cavaliy, who 
appeared to be making a stand on the opposite side of the town. Captain Mann was 
ordered to attack the enemy s cavalry. The detachment of Company H deployed as 
flankers; Company L moved around the town, while company K charged directly through 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 555 

the streets; but the rebels took to their liecls, followed closely by our men for live miles, 
and we s-ucceeded in capturing six of tlieir number. 

"In tlie afternoon Company L, Cajjtain Brewer, followed the road on which they 
retreated, and conjing again upon tluni, succeeded in ensnaring four more without sus- 
taining any injury themselves. To-day twenty men from the same companies, while out 
on a loraging expedition, were attacked by a largo force, but held their grouud aiid un- 
saddled three of the ' Secesh.' " * 

Lossiog further says: 

" To Biinks had been assigned the duty of covering the line of the Potomac and Wash- 
ington City, after the movement agreed upon in council at Fairfax Court-house had been 
conditionally sanctioned by ihe President, and he was ordered to place the bulk of his 
fone at i\lanasbas Junction and vicinity, and to repair the Manassas Gap Railway, so as 
to have a rapid and direct communication with the Shenandoah Valley. Accordingly, on 
the rt'iiiement of Jackson up the valley, he put the first division of his corps in motion for 
Centrtville, under General Williams, leaving only the division of Shields and some Michi- 
gan cavalry in Wmchester. 

" Spies informed Jackson of the weakening of Banks's army in the valley and he imme- 
diately moved down to attack him at Winchester. General Shields, who was in immediate 
command there, had a force of about six thousand infantry, seven hundred and tifty 
cavalry, and twenty-four guns, well posted on a ridge, so as to cover the roads entering 
Wincliester from the south. This position was about halt a mile north of the village of 
Kernstown, and two and a half south of Winchester'. Toward the evening of the 2'2d of 
March, Ashby's cavahy drove in Shields's pickets, when the latter moved a small force to 
ojipose the assailants. While directing it in person, his arm was shattered above his 
elbow by the fragments of a shell, which also wounded his side. He was prostrated, but 
was able to make dispositions for a vigorous encounter with his foe the next day. Under 
cover of the night he pushed forward the brigade of Colonel Kimball, of the 14th Indiana, 
to Kernstown, supported by Daum's artillery, well posted. Colonel Sullivan's brigade 
was placed within supporting distance as a reserve in Kimball's rear. In that order the 
tiiKips repobed uJitil morning, when a recounoissance obtained no positive information of 
any Confederate force immediately in front, excepting Ashby's cavalry. General Banks 
believed General Jackson to be too weak or too prudent to attack Shields, and at ten 
o'clock that morning he depaited for Washington City, by way of Harper's Ferry, in 
obedience to a summons from headquarters, leaving his staff officers to start for Centre- 
ville in the afternoon. He was soon made to retrace his steps by the sounds of battle in 
his rear. 

"At the time the National scouts saw nothing but Ashby's cavalry, Jackson's whole 
force was strongly posted in battle order, with ailillery on each flank, in an eligible situa- 
tion, half a mile south of Kernstown, completely masked by woods, wiiich were tilled with 
his skirmishers; and within an hour after Banks left Winchester, Confederate cannon 
opened upon Kimball. Sullivan's brigade was immediately ordered forward to Kuu I tail's 
support, and a severe action was commenced by artillery on both sides, but at too great 
a distance to be very effective. 

"Jackson now took the initiative, and, with a considerable force of all arms, attempted 
to turn Kimball's left Hank, when an active body of skirmishers, under Colonel Carroll, 
composed ot his regiment (the 8th Ohio) and three companies of the G7th Ohio, were 
thrown forward on both sines of the Valley turnpike, to oppose the movement. These 
were sujiported by four guns of Jenks's artilleiy. The Confederates were lepulsed at all 
points, and Jackson abanuoned his designs upon the National left, massed a lieavy force 
on their right, and sent two additional batteries and his reserves to support the move- 
ment. With this combined force he pressed forward to turn and crush his adversaiy's 
right. Daum's artillery could not check the movement, and imminent peril threatened 
the Union army. Informed of this. Shields, who from his bed was in a measure conduct- 
ing the battle, ordered Colonel E. B. Tyler's brigade to the supj)ort of Kimball, and 
directeil the latter to employ all of his disposable inlantry in an attempt tocarry Jackson's 
batteries, and then to turn his left Hank and hurl it back on its center. Tlie execution of 
this important anu perilous order was intrusted to the gallant Tyler and his line l.rigaile. 
The Confedei ales were pressed back to a stone fence, which gave them shelter, where a 
despeiate struggle ensued with Jackson's famous 'stonewall brigade.' For a little while 
tlie result was doubtlnl, when the 5th and G2d Ohio, and 13lh Indiana of Sullivan's 
liiiyade, and the 14Ui Indiana, 84tli rennsylvania, and jiarts of the blh and G7th Uliio, of 
Kimball's brigade, hastened to the su|)port of Tyler. The combined forces dashed on tho 
( onl'ederales, forced them back through the woods, and sent them in full retreat up the 
vahey, with a great loss, but in good order, for their discipline was perfect. So ended 
the 'Buttle of Kernstown.' 



556 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

•' The National troops bivouacked on the battle-field the night after the victory, and at 
an early hour in the morning began a vigorous pursuit of the Confederates towards Stras- 
burg. Meanwhile Shields, who was satisfied that reinforcements for Jaclison could not 
be far off, had sent an express after Williams's division, then far on his way to Centre- 
ville. Banks, who was informed by telegraph of the battle, had already ordered it back. 
He also hastened to Winchester, took command in person, and followed the 'retreating 
Confederates up the Valley almost to Mount Jackson. This demonstration of Jackson's 
and information that he might easily call re-enforcements to his aid, caused the retention 
of Banks's forces in the Shenandoah valley. " 

On the 24th the rebels were followed to Cedar Creek, being constantly in 
sight and taking advantage of every favorable point to check the advance. 
Colonel Brodhead with a small force reconnoitered as far as Strasburg, but 
fell back for the eight across the creek. On the following day possession was 
taken of Strasburg with an advance guard some four miles toward Woodstock. 

General Williams (A. S. of Michigan) commanding the 1st division, depart- 
ment of the Shenandoah, in a report dated Williamsport, May 27, 1862, first 
enumerates the composition of his division, including the 1st Michigan Cav- 
alry, and then says of its operations after the evacuation of Strasburg : 

*' This small command, of not over 3,600 infantry present for duty, ten Parrot and six 
brass smooth-bore guns, not only composed my division, but with the cavahy under the 
immediate command of Brigadier General Hatch, and the Major General's personal 
escort, was the entire force that could be brought to oppose this sudden, though not 
wholly unlooked for combination of the rebel columns under Jackson, Ewell, and Johns- 
ton, variously estimated by prisoners, deserters, and fugitives at from twenty thousand to 
fifty thousand men, with from fifty to sixty pieces of artillerj'. 

" Under these circumstances, I hastened the evacuation on the Major General's order, 
and before daylight put in movement towards Wuichester all the trains of the division, 
with such escort of cavalry and infantry as the smaliness of the command and the uncer- 
tainty of the point of attack would warrant. 

" I also ordered Donnelly's brigade, encamped about six miles above Strasburg, to join 
the division, in readiness for a rapid march to the rear. At the same time the 2yth Penn- 
sylvania, Colonel Murphy, of Gordon's brigade, with a section of artillery, was ordered 
to occupy and reconnoiter the road from Middletown towards Front Koyal, and to oppose 
the advance of the rebels by that route at all hazards. 

" The main column was put in motion at about 10 A. M. At Middletown I found a part 
of the train m some confusion, from demonstrations made by the rebel cavalry, but no 
considerable force presented itself until the head of our force had passed New Town. At 
this point Colonel Donnelly encountered and rapidly di-ove away a large body of the 
enemy's cavalry by a spirited movement of the 46th Pennsylvania with a section of artil- 
lery. 

" Anticipating, from reports received on the route, a stout resistance in front, the lead- 
ing regiments of the column moved in compact order to within six miles of Winchester. 
At this point five companies of Michigan cavalry were detached as a reconnoitering party 
under Colonel Brodhead, who, though suffering from a severe illness, volunteered to 
mount his horse and head his command to observe the road leading towards Winchester. 

"At the same time i-eports were brought that the center and rear of tlie train had been 
seriously attacked, and further threatened. The 2d Massachusetts, 27th Indiana, and 28th 
New York, with several pieces of artillery, were, in succession, detached for its protec- 
tion. These regiments, with the artillery, engaged the enemy's cavalry and artillery 
with great spirit and success. The 2d Massachusetts, Lieutenant Colonel Andrews, was 
particularly engaged, and suiTered considerable loss in vigorously resisting the advance 
of the rebels until some time after midnight. Colonel Gordon, commanding 3d brigade, 
personally joined this rear guard and supervised its operations until late in the nigiit. 

" Having received a report from Colonel Brodhead that the town of Winchester was 
still in our possession, the head of the column was put in motion, but halted again near 
Kernstown to be in position to reinforce the rear guard should it be seriously menaeed. 

"No unfavorable repoits coming in. Colonel Donnelly was ordered to occupy, with his 
brigade in bivouac, the ridges nearest town on both sides of the Front Royal road; and 
Colonel Gordon, with his brigade, the hills near town, which command the road from 
Strasburg. It was after dark before the first regiments were in motion, and nc^arly 1 
o'clock in the morning before the last came in. Most of the regiments had marched fully 
thirty miles, and some more; and all had been under arms since daylight, without food, 
or at most with but one meal. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 557 

"Fortunately some of the severe labor of outpost and picket duty was assumed by 
companies of the I'Jth Maine Infantry and Maryland Cavalry, though the opportunities of 
rest were much disturbed during tiie night by constant attacks on our outpobts. 

" Before daybreak on the morning of the 25th I received the verbal orders of the Major 
General commanding, based on reliable information that the enemy were in overwhelming 
force before us, to send back the trains of the division towards Martinsburg. At the same 
time I was notified of his intention to offer such resistance to the rebels as would develop 
with more certainty their strength, and give time for om* transportation wagons to move 
clear of the route of our retreat. 

" The enemy gave us Uttle time to correct our positions, or to reconnoitre theirs. They 
opened with their rilled guns at the earliest dawn, and began the movement of their masses 
on bolli Hanks for attack immediately afterwards. Before I arrived on the ground the 
two capable commanders of the brigades had made such disposition of their troops a& 
seemed most judicious with reference to our inferior numbers and extent of ground we 
were obliged to cover. On the right, Gordon's brigade occupied the interior slopes of the 
hills nearest town, and adjacent to the Strasburg pike. Two sections of Company M, let 
New York Artillery (Cochran's Battery), and one section of Hampton's Battery (ilaryland 
Artillery), were placed in position on the crest of the central heights. On the extreme 
right live companies of Michigan Cavalry (attached to the 1st division) were held in re- 
serve, under cover of the hill. This body of horse was successively under command of 
Majors Town and Paldi, both Colonel Brodhead and Lieutenant Colonel Copeland being 
prevented from assuming command by severe illness, from which they had for some time 
been suffering. 

" On the left, Donnelly's brigade rested its right upon a considerable elevation which 
commanded the road toward Front Eoyal, and extended its left in a crescent form, so a& 
to observe and cover the approaches in the southeast direction. The six guns of Company 
F, 4th United States Artillery, Lieutenant Ersby commanding, and one section of Com- 
pany M, 1st New York Artillery, Lieutenant Peabody, held commanding positions near 
the right of this brigade. The narrow valley which intervened between these two posi- 
tions, and the plain extending in a fan-Uke shape beyond, were commanded by a section 
of Hampton's Battery of Maryland Artilleiy, under Lieutenant Fleming, in a position on 
a central elevation immediately in front of the town; in supporting distance of which Gen- 
eral Hatch had ordered the principal position of his cavalry. 

" The opening of the cannonade was followed within half an hour by an infantry attack 
in force upon Donnelly's brigade. This was gallantly and successfully repulsed. One of 
the rebel rrgimeiits, more audaciously pursuing its attack than the others (said to be the 
27th North Caroiina) , was almost auiiihilated; first by the cross fire of the 5th Connecti- 
cut and 48th Pennsylvania regiments, and afterwards by one wing of the 28th New York, 
in its attempt to gain the woods in its rear. This regiment left in front of our lines its- 
dead and wounded thickly strewn over the field, so near to our lines that Colonel Donnelly 
and several of our officers went forward and conversed with the woumlcd soldiers. 

" After this unsucces.sful infanti-y attack the rebels confined their efforts for a long time 
to artillery firing; opening their batteries from new positions, and with an increased num- 
ber of guns. The whole atmosphere for a mile was densely and obscurely filled with 
smoke and fog. Our artillery replied with marked vigor, and though inferior in number 
of guns, was decidedlv more effective, both in rapidity and precision of fire. 

" At this time Colonel Donnelly reported to me that several rebel regiments of infantry 
were moving to their right, with the apparent purpose of occupying our line of retreat to- 
the Martinsburg road, and that Lieutenant Colonel Brown, commanding the 28th New 
York, had deployed his skirmishers, and moved his regiment in that direction. The col- 
ors of nine rebel regiments could be seen at this moment preparing to attack simultane- 
ously this gallant little brigade of not over 1,7(10 men, who waited the trying onset with 
a coolness and composure of both officers and men which was most marked and 
extraordinary. 

"With the approval of the commanding general, I went in person to observe the 
progress of events upon the right wing, and, if practicable, to bring up reinforcements to- 
the'support of the seriously threatened part of our line. I had, however, hardly reached 
the central position between the two wings before a heavy infantry fire commenced on 
the rii:]it, and apparentlv extended along the whole front of Gordon's brigatie, and before 
I couid reach, with aU possible speed, tlie crest of the hill upon wliich Gordons brigade 
had moved, I saw the artillery was limbering up to move to the rear. At the same time 
stragglers from the 27th Indiana, «)n its immediate right, were slowly falling back in con- 
siderable numbers. With members of my staff, I made strong efforts to rally tliera. The 
men generally obeyed orderb, but before anything valuable could be accomplisiied the 
whole regiment apparently was retiring over the hill in much confusion. I observed Col- 
onel Culgrove in their midst striving to restore order, and other officers exerting them- 



558 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

selves in the same way. The men did not run, but were rapidly retiring in disordered 
ranks, as if broken by a superior attack. The report of Colonel Colgrove gives, I doubt 
not, a true statement of this confusion. 

" Seeing that our right was exposed by this movement, I hurried forward to the reserve 
■of Michigan cavalry, on the extreme right, hoping by a prompt demonstration with this 
force to hold the enemy in check and protect the remaining regiments of £his brigade 
from a flank attack. Major Town, at the head of the column, spiritedly rode out to meet 
me, and, moving his command to the front, with great promptness and gallantry 
formed in column for charge on the crest of the hill. Meeting with a terrific fire of 
infantry from a whole brigade, and being menaced on the right by a large column of rebel 
■cavalry he was obliged to retire, which was done in good order, considering the nature of 
the ground and the obstacles on the line of his retreat. Colonel Gordon held the remain- 
ing regiments of his brigade unbroken, and checked the advance of the rebels until it 
became evident the attacking columns were overwhelming, and would soon cut off the 
■avenues of retreat. The regiments were then withdrawn, for the most part in column, 
after reaching the edge of the town, through which they passed in good order. I imme- 
diately dispatched a message to Colonel Donnelly to withdraw his brigade by the east 
side of the town. When the right was giving way, I directed Captain Wilkins, my assist- 
ant adjutant general, to endeavor to rally the 27th Indiana Volunteers, behind a stone 
'wall in the outskirts of the town and cover the rear. This was successfully done, and 
the rebels were received with repeated volleys, which greatly checked their advance. 

"I beg leave also to bring to the favorable notice of the major general commanding 
i;he valuable services rendered by my personal staff. Captain Wm. D. Wilkins, assistant 
adjutant general; Captain E. C. Beaman, commissary of subsistence; and First Lieu- 
tenant Samuel E. Pittman, aid-de-camp, who were with me on the field, and were most 
prompt and efficient, not only during the engagement, but during the whole retreat from 
Strasburg. Favorable notice is also made of Captain Wilkins in the report of Colonel 
Donnelly, to which I also refer." 

The retreat was continued, the rebels pressing closely, but receiving some 
.severe checks with loss. 

After a quiet halt at Martinsburg, a sufficient time to give some little rest to 
the men, the whole of the main column reached the Potomac river, opposite 
Williamsport, soon after dark, without further molestation. The comniand 
and the wagons were transported to the opposite shore during the following 
day. 

Headquaktees 5th Aemt Corps, ) 

Aemy of the Potomac, at Stbasbueg, Va., >• 
•Oeneeaij Oedees, / March 26th, 1802. ) 

No. 6. ] 

Mc* it m * ie * * * 

The general commends the activity and bravery of the 1st Michigan Cavalry. [The 
only regiment mentioned in the order.] 

The battle of Winchester will be remembered. Every fallen soldier deserves a monu- 
ment, and every man in the line of those who bear the brunt of battle is entitled to hon- 
orable mention by name to his countrymen. 

It is prestige of the future. It lights the way, and by its Ught every soldier of the 
■corps will proudly march hereafter to its trumpet sounds of victory. 
By command of 

MAJOR GENERAL N. P. BANKS. 

E. MOEEIS COPELAND, 

Major and Ansistanl Adjutant General. 

From a correspondent of the 1st Cavalry: 

" On the morning of the 1st April, 1862, we marched from Strasburg, one section of artil- 
lery, a squadron of the 1st Michigan Cavalry, and a battaUon of infantry having the advance. 
The advance cavalry was under command of Lieutenant Colonel Copeland, and Colonel 
Brodhead, chief oi cavalry of the 5th corps, accompanied it. A few miles from Stras- 
burg Ashby's cavalry and artillery made their appearance, and the usual running skirmish 
was kept up till we reached this place (Edinburg, some eighteen miles) with but small 
loss on our side; that of the enemy we could not tell. 

"At Woodstock, twelve miles from Strasburg, Company M, of the 1st Michigan Cav- 
airy, accompanied by Colonel Brodhead and Lieutenant Colonel Copeland, charged first 



MICHIGAN IN THE W Alt. 559 

through the town. The enemy were posted on a high hill on the opposite side, and let 
fly their artillery, but they were a second too late, their pieces being ranged to sweep 
our column as it came over the brow of the hill. The charge, however, was so impetu- 
ous that they were over— and that was all— when the discharge came. The escape was 
vei-y narrow. The company under Captain Dennison remained in the streets till our artil- 
lery shelled out the enemy and the flight and pursuit continued. On arriving at Edinburg 
a scene took place. The heavy smoke in advance indicated that the enemy were destroy- 
ing the bridges, and Colonel Brodhead with the same company, again charged through the 
town to the edge of the burning bridge. The smoke concealed a regiment of the enemy's 
infantry which was on the other side, and a heavy fire of infantry as well as artillery 
opened on them, but it was too high, and resulted in but httle damage. As soon as our 
artillery got into position they were driven back, and it beint; near dark and not possible 
to cross the creek, the force moved back, with the exception of the cavalry, and bivou- 
acked between Edinburg and Woodstock. 

"The brilliant charge of Captain Dennison and his company through both the towns 
mentioned extorted praise even from the secession inhabitants. 

" The cavaliy of the corps under Brodhead held Edinburg during the night, in sight of 
the enemy, who at daylight on the 2d opened on us with artillery. They were, however, 
soon driven back by a battery of ours which Colonel Brodhead had placed on a hill to the 
right of the town. 

Banks had pushed Jackson as far as Harrisonburg, the let Michigan being in 
advance with the cavalry. But on ascertaining that the combined forces of 
Ewell and Jackson were advancing from Staunton, he fell back from Stras- 
burg, pursued by Ewell, while Jackson pushed on, and joining the latter at 
New Market, he moved via Luray upon Front Royal, swooping down almost 
unannounced upon the small Union force holding that position, in command 
■of Colonel John R. Kenly, who nevertheless made a spirited resistance, but 
was soon driven out with loss by the enemy's overwhelming numbers, and 
finally, after making several stands, was wounded, his train captured, and his 
<;omnuind nearly destroyed. 

Greeley says: 

" General Banks remained quiet and unsuspecting at Strasburg, with no enemy In his 
front, and no sign of danger until the evening of the 23d, when he was astounded by tid- 
ings of Kenley's disaster, and assurances that the rebels, 15,000 to 20,000 strong, were 
pressing forward to Winchester, directly m his rear. Shields's division having been sent, 
by order from Washington, to the Rappahannock, he had hardly 5,000 men at hand, with 
perhaps 2,000 or 3,000 more scattered through the valley in his rear. Jackson's force 
naust have exceeded 20,000 men. Banks had, on the first tidings of trouble at Front 
Eoyal, dispatched a smaU force to aid Kenly; but this was now recalled, and our trains 
sent forward on the road to Winchester, escorted by General Hatch, with our cavalry and 
six pieces of artillery. At 9 A. M. our column was in motion, and hardly proceeded three 
miles when it was apprised that the train had been attacked, and that the rebels held the 
road at Middletown — a report soon confirmed by a disorderly rush of fugitives and wagons 
to the rear. The column was thereupon re-organized; with the train in the rear; and on 
reaching Middletown Colonel D. Donnelly, commanding the vanguard, encountered a 
small force of rebels, who were easily repulsed and driven back on the road to Front 
Eoyal. Colonel Brodhead, 1st Michigan Cavalry, now took the advance, and soon 
reported the road clear to Winchester. Before all our army had passed, the rebels 
advanced on the Front Koyal road in such force as to occupy Middletown, compelling our 
rear guard to fall back to Strasburg, making a circuit thence to the north, whereby the 
1st Vermont, Colonel Tompkins, was enabled to rejoin Banks at Winchester in season for 
the fight of next morning, while the 5th New York, Colonel DeFonest, made its way 
through the mountains to the Potomac, bringing in a train of 32 wagons and many strag- 
glers. There was some fighting with our rear guard at Strasburg, and again at Newtown, 
eight miles from Winchester; but our men retreated with moderate loss, and our infantry 
and artillery were again concentrated at Winchester by midnight. Hero thiy were 
allowed a rest of two or three hours, broken at brief intervals by tlie rattle of mut-k(>try 
as the rebels closed around them, their artillery opening at daylight. 

"Banks had now less than 7,000 men, opposed to more than 20,000, flushed with vic- 
tory, and confident that the day would witness the capture and destriictiun of our Uttlo 
-army. Colonel Geoige H. Gordon commanded our right. Colonel Dudley Donnelly our 
left; General Hatch, who had been cut off at Middletown, had just rejoined with bis cav- 



660 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

airy. Facing the enemy boldly, our men held their ground for five hours, inflicting and 
suffering considerable loss, until, Jaclison's entire army having by this time havhig by 
this time been brought up, it was manifest that further resistance was madness, and 
could only result in our destruction. Our trains being by this time well on the road, the 
ordet to retreat was given, and our line of battle, under a withering fire of mu^etry from 
left, right, and center, broke into column of march and moved rapidly through Win- 
chester, amid the deafening yells of their exulting pursuers, which were echoed with 
delirious frenzy by the Winchester rebels. The 2d Massachusetts, Lieutenant Colonel 
Andrews, which, with the 3d Wisconsin, Colonel Ruger, formed our rear guard, halted, 
undismayed by the hideous din, in a street of the town to re-form its Une, and then 
resumed its rapid but steady march, sharply followed, but not seriously annoyed, by the 
eager foe. Our troops moved in three parallel columns, each protected by an efficient 
rear guard, and reached Martinsburg, 22 miles distant, in the course of the afternoon. 
Here a halt of two and a half hours was talien to rest and refresh, our rear guard leaving 
that town at 7 P. M., and reaching the Potomac, opposite WUliamsport, 12 miles farther, 
in the course of the evening. 

"General Geo. H. Stewart, with the rebel cavalry, pursued as far Martinsburg; but 
Jackson halted his infantry not far beyond Winchester, though he sent a brigade three 
days later to Charlestown driving out a small Union force which held that place, and pur- 
sued it to Halltown, which was occupied next day by the main body of his army." 

From a correspondent: 

"When we fell back from Harrisonburg to New Market, General Shields's large 
division was also ordered to join General McDowell. General Banks, with his column, 
consisting of two brigades of infantry, sixteen guns, and twenty-five hundred cavalry, 
retrogiaded to Strasburg, which he was to occupy and intrench, in a very hostile and 
extremely disloyal part of Virginia, almost every inhabitant a spy, and In communication 
with the rebel generals. General Banks was appraised of the movement to cut us ofif 
Friday night. We had marching orders at 2 o'clock next morning; most of the command 
left at daylight, but we with the rest of the cavalry had to remain tUl 9 o'clock, when we 
left Strasburg for Winchester with our wagons; the whole division train was six mUes 
long and was heavy, on account of having to carry the extra baggage of Shields's division. 
Our regiment, or what we had of it (five companies), was ordered to the front near New- 
town. The rebels came down by the road from Front Royal, which joins the pike at Mid- 
dletown; here our forces kept them back all day untU nearly all our train had passed. 

" When on this side of Newtown tiie rebels got a position and commenced shelling our 
train. At the same time a large body of rebel cavalry rushed down on the train, Idlled 
and drove off the horses, and took some of our sick men and drivers prisoners; they then 
disabled about a mile of our train, including all of our baggage wagons, and to-day I 
have nothing left but a seedy suit, overcoat, horse, etc. With some sacrifice of life, we 
drove back three times our number and burned these wagons in the face of the enemy. 
With the exception of some broken wagons left and burned, that was all we lost of the 
train. 

" We arrived at Winchester at dark. Our pickets were posted six miles out, and we all 
threw ourselves on the ground to rest as well as we could, being completely tired out. 
It was a cold night, and few slept much, as the rebels kept driving in our pickets. Major 
Town, with two of our companies on the Front Royal road, kept back one regiment of 
rebel infantry with cannon nearly all night, but at daylight they saw his small force and 
drove him in. We (three companies) were bivouacked two miles from Winchester 
towards the enemy. At 4 o'clock we were all drinking coffee, when our pickets were 
driven into our camp by the rebels. We saddled and prepared for them in five minutes, 
but they fell back again. General Banks soon appeared on the field with his whole force, 
some seven regiments of infantry and sixteen guns, supported by our five companies of 
1st Michigan Cavalry, the rest of the cavalrj' being on the other side of the town, two 
thousand strong, and very odd it seems to all of us why they were not on the field. If 
you hear of any other cavalry being on the field at this battle don't believe it. Our cav- 
alry was the only cavahy there. "The average number of men to each of our infantry 
regiments was 500, while our signal officers counted twenty-eight rebel regimental stand- 
ards, with thirty or forty guns. The battle lasted but a short time, as we could not 
remain on the field ; they flanked us on both sides, as their fines were three times the 
length of ours. The greatest danger was on our right, where the rebels had moved a 
whole brigade at right angles to our force. The 1st Michigan Cavalry (five companies) 
were ordered by General Williams to try and keep them in check until we could draw off 
our infantry. Marching up a liigh hill until within twenty rods, we formed in front of 
the rebels, and for ten minutes stood the fire and saved the 49th Pennsylvania Regiment 
from being taken entire, and at the same time supported one of our batteries whUe it 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 561 

poured in charges of grape and canister, actually mowing down the rebels. Our cavalry 
then fell back at the command, 'Left about, wheel!' but had to jump a stone wall, throw- 
ing them into some confusion, but the companies soon formed and left the field in good 
order. This battle was fought by General Banks to save the train, and did it. Our loss 
was about 30 killed, wounded, and missing. Lieutenant Brevoort is the only ofBcer lost, 
having his horse shot and receiving a wound himself. The rebels were so close upon us 
that we could not get off our wounded. " 

For the purpose of refuting a most violent slander perpetrated in an histori- 
cal work on the ^var by the rebel General Dick Taylor upon the Union cavalry 
serving iu the Sheuendoah valley in 1SG2, a portion of which was the 1st 
Michigan cavalry, the following is inserted : 

Newpokt, E. I., July 17, IS79. 
To the Adjuiant General of the Siaie of Michigan: 

Geneeal, — I have the honor to enclose herewith an article by me, published in tho 
July 10, 1879, number of "The Nation." 

As you will see upon reading it, it concerns the military character and record of the 1st 
Michigan cavalry. You will greatly oblige me by filing this with the records of that regi- 
ment, that it may be within reach of the future historian. 

I am, General, very respectfully, your ob't serv't, 

J. A. JUDSON, 
Late Captain and A. A. Gen., U. S. Vols. 

To the Editor of the Nation : 

Sib, — Under ordinary circumstances the recent death of an author should, perhaps, in 
a measure shield him from severe criticism, but when a man puts on record and calls 
history such wild and reckless statements as the late General Kichard Taylor has uttered, 
his writings should not be suffered to pass unchallenged. 

Except to the i-eaders of that magazine it is not generally known, probably, that 
General Taylor preceded his recent extraordinary book (which has been so justly relSuked 
at all hands) by a series of articles on war subjects in the North American Review. 
These were, most of them, characterized by the same spirit which pcrs'ades his book, and 
seem to have been fired off as " range-finders," as it were, before opening fire with all his 
guns. It is one of these to which attention is invited in this note. 

In the March- April, 1878, number of the magazine referred to, on page 238 et seq., is 
the third of his papers, entitled " Stcnewall Jackson, and the Valley Campaign." Tho 
article pretends to give a history of the Shenendoah valley campaign of 18G2, and partic- 
ularly that part of it covered by the retreat of the small command of General N. P. Banks 
before the largely superior force of the rebel army under General Thomas J. Jackson, 
familiarly known by the sobriquet of " Stonewall." 

"While by no means endorsing General Taylor's account of this affair, I do not pro- 
pose now to enter into any general criticism. Facts alone are what I intend to handle, 
not opmions or beliefs. He says (p. 243) : 

" * * * Jackson had struck the vaUey pike at Jlldtlletown— twelve miles south of 

Winchester— along which a largo body of Federal cavalry with many wagons, was hastening 
north, lie attacked at once with his liandful of men, overwhelming resistance, and captured pris- 
oners and wagons." 

In general terms this is not a proper, nor even a true statement of the result of tho 
engagement at Middletown; but let that pass. 

He then goes on to say: 

" * * The cavalry was from New England— a section in whicli horsemanshii) was an unknown 
art— and some of these centaurs were strapped to their steeds. Ordered to dismount, they ex- 
plained their condition, and were given time to unbuckle. Many breastplates and other protective 
devices were seen here, and later at Winchester. We did not know whether tho Federals hail 
organized cuirassiers, or were recurring to the customs of Gustavus Adolphus. I saw a i)Oor fel- 
low lying dead on the pike, pierced through breastplate and body by a rille-ball." 

All this I pronounce absolutely false, even when General Taylor asserts, as he does, 
that these things are what ho himself saic. 

There was no one, officer or man, in tho cavalry of Banks's army, or in luiy part of 
Banks's army, who wore at that time or any other time "breastplates and other protective 
devices," or anything that could, by the remotest probability, possibly give tho most care- 
less observer tlic impression that any such thing was worn or thought of. When General 
Taylor says he "aato a poor fellow lying dead on tho pike, pierced through hreaatplate and 
body by a rifle-ball," he states what he knew to be a deliberate falsehood. 

71 



563 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

I am quite well aware that this is strong: language, but so is General Taylor's, and this 
is a case deserving heroic treatment. That it maj^ be seen I was in position to know I 
may say at once that I was present and on duty through this whole campaign as the Adju- 
tant General of Hatch's brigade of cavalry, which comprised all the cavah-y in Banks's 
army. It would have been impossible for a single man to have worn a breastplate or 
anything that looked like a breastplate without my knowledge. The officers and men 
wore the ordinary uniform Avhich all the rest of the United States forces wore, first and 
last; and nothing more, nothing less. The troopers of my brigades wore either the 
ordinary loose blouse or the cavalry jacket of coarse, dark-blue cloth, trimmed around 
the edges and collar with narrow yellow worsted lace, light-blue pantaloons, and light- 
blue army overcoats, and black rubber talmas or ponchos when the weather required. 
Every man was armed with an ordinary sabre and one Colt's revolver (cal. .44), and some 
of the command (I don't think all) had breech loading carbines of the Sharps or Burnside 
pattern in addition, nor had they any " protective devices" whatever against the bullets of 
the enemy but these arms and their own gallantry and valor. 

General Taylor says: 

" * * * The cavalry was from New England— a section in which horbcmanship was an 
unknown art— and some of these centaurs were strapped to their steeds. Ordered to dismount, 
they explained their condition, and were given time to unbuckle." 

Except that three of the nine regiments composing our unusually large brigade were 
from New England, every word of this is absolute falsehood, without shadow of foundation, 
and "was cut' by General Taylor "out of whole cloth." No officer or man, no bugler boy 
even, in the whole command Avas ever "strapped to his steed," at any time, for any purpose 
whatever. Every man sat and rode in his saddle, and mounted and dismounted as occa- 
sion required, much as other people do, and quite as well, no doubt, as did General Tay- 
lor or any of the other numerous rebels in arms, who to this day have very lively recol- 
lections of " Hatch's cavalry." Any man to-day who served in 1862 in the cavalry opposed 
to us, commanded by that gallant rebel leader, Colonel Ashby (who was himself killed in 
a fight with our brigade), will agree with me in saying that the sharp chases we some- 
times gave them, as they, in turn, gave us, were not made by men to whom " horseman- 
ship was an unknown ait." It is undeniable that our cavalry in 18G2 was not so effective 
as that arm of the service afterward proved itself (nor was any other part of the army 
for that matter), but defective horsemanship v>'as no part of our deficiencies. People in 
the north certainly do not ride horseback as universally as they do south, and for the 
good reason that as we here are half a century in advance of most of that region m civih- 
zation, as a consequence among other things we have good carriage roads everywhere 
where we haven't steam transportation, so that horseback riding, save as a recreation, is 
unnecessary. Still, out of the cities, and particularly among the farmers, the men and 
boys are all famihar with horses, and as much at home on their backs as any southerner. 
All the regiments of our cavalry brigade but one were country organizations, and the 
whole command had been well drilled in riding as well as in other matters before taking 
the field at all. The single city regiment, the 5th New York Cavalry, was singularly 
enough an exceptionally fine and effective cavalrj' regiment. Nor am I sure that all the 
troopers were city men. My impression is that several of the companies were from the 
country round about New York city. 

To show what utter nonsense this is of General Taylor's, at the risk of tediousness I 
give the list of the organizations composing our brigade, by which any one may judge, 
from whence the men came, whether they were people likely to bo found "strapped to 
their steeds": 

Fifth New York Cavalry, commanded by Colonel 0. DeForest; 1st Vermont Cavalry, 
commanded by Colonel Chas. H. Tompkins; 1st Michigan Cavalry, commanded by Col- 
onel Brodhcad; 1st Maine Cavalry, commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Doty; l.st Ehode 
Island Cavalry, commanded l)y Colonel Lawton; 1st Virginia Cavalry, commanded by 

, and composed of loyal "West Virginians; 1st Maryland Cavalry, commanded by 

, and composed of loyal Marylanders; 1st battalion " Potomac Home Brigade Cav- 
alry," recruited along tiio banks of the Potomac, besides the 8th New York Cavalry, 
which at that time had not received its mount, and hence took no part in the campaign. 

The whole was commanded by Brigadier General John P. Hatch, United States Vol- 
unteers, at that time a captain in the Mounted lUfies (now the 3d United States Cavalry;, 
and at present the Lieutenant Colonel of the 4th United States Cavalry, who since 1845 
has been a distinguised cavalry oflicer in the regular army of the United States. 

Colonel Brodhead was killed at the head of his regiment at the second battle of Bull 
Eun; Colonel Lawton and Colonel DeForest have died since the war; Colonel Doty, I 
understand, is still living, and Colonel Tompkins is now a Lieutenant Colonel and one of 
the deputy quartermaster generals of the army. The other colonels I have forgotten 
entirely, even their very names, it is so long ago, but these surviving commanders of the 
troops, together with General Hatch, will, I have no doubt, corroborate all I have said. 



MICHIGAN IN THE W.Ul. 5G3 

I look upon this matter as an unwarranted attack upon the sohUcrly honor and mili- 
tary character of this irallant bri.ujado, and I havo taken tlio trouble to write tliis not for 
tlie purpose in turn of assailing the memory of General Taylor, but rather because duty 
to my comrades requires that truth should be substituted on the record for what I cannot 
but regard as malicious and silly falsehood. Others may not attach to this the import- 
ance I do, or would at least pass it by in contempt. But the exposure of these falsehoods 
of General Taylor's at this late day is in one sense timely, since it son-es to brand with 
suspicion every statement he makes in his recent astonishing book entitled "Destruction 
and l\ccon»triiction: Personal Experiences of the Lato War." 

It is to be presumed, were General Taylor still living, ho would attempt proof of tho 
statements quoted, since he was at such pains to give them uttei-ance. It would, how- 
ever, be interesting to know if any of his fellow rebels now living who were with him in 
tho Valley campaign of 18(52 also saw any Yankee cavalrymen dead or alive, in " breast- 
plates or other protective devices," or any Yankee cavalrymen "strapped to their steeds." 

In common with other reasonable people I entertain the highest respect personally for 
all the gallant soldiers of tho south who sternly followed what they believed to be the 
right. As a rule they have, like true soldiers, accepted their defeat, conquered though 
not convinced. General Taylor would also have proved himself a true soldier had he 
quietly followed the meritorious example of his comrades-in-arms. 

Eespectfully yours, 

J. A. JUDSON, 
Late Capt. and Aast. Adjt. Gen. U. S. Vols. 

Newpokt, E. L, June 24, 1S70. 

The regiment remaiiied at Williamsport until June 12th, 18G2, when it 
again entered Virginia, moving via Martinsl)urg to Front Koyal, reaching 
there on the IGth. It soon entered upon General Pope's Virginia campaign, 
joining that portion of Pope's army under Banks. 

It was engaged with the enemy at Orange Court House, July 16th, and again 
at Cedar Mountain on the 9tli of August following, where an engagement 
took place between Bank's forces and those under the rebel generals Jackson, 
Ewell, and A. P. Hill. The enemy having a superior force of over two to one, 
Banks was defeated ^vith heavy loss. 

Greeley says : 

" Pope, under instructions to pi-eserve his communications with General King at Fred- 
ericksburg, ordered a concentration of his infantry and artillery upon Culpepper, Ills 
headquarters, and pushed forward Crawford's brigade toward Cedar (or rather Slaughter's) 
Mountain, an eminence commanding a wide prospect to the south and east, and which 
should have been occupied and fortified by our forces some days before. 

"Banks, by order, advanced promptly from Hazel Eun to Culpepper. But Sigel, still 
at Perry ville, instead of moving at once, sent to ascertain by which route he should come, 
thus losing several hours, and arriving too late to be of use. General Banks, by order, 
moved forward next morning toward Cedar mountain, supporting, with the rest of his 
corps, the advance of General Crawford, under verbal orders from Pope, which were 
reduced to writing by his adjutant, in these words: 

" • Clli'EPPEK, August 9th, 0.45 A. M. 
"'From Colonel Lewis Marshall: General Banks will move to tho front immediately, assume 
command of all tho forces in the front, deploy his skirmishers if tho enemy approaches, and attack 
him immediately as soon as he approaches, and be reinforced from here.' 

" Calling on Pope as he left Culpepper, Banks asked if there were further orders, and 
was referred to General Roberts, Pope's chief of staff, who was to accompany him and 
indicate the line ho was to occupy, which he took, lloberts saying to him repeatedly 
before he left, ' There must be no backing out this day;' words needing no interpretation, 
and hardly such as should bo addressed by a Brigadier to a Major General commanding a 
corps. 

" Stonewall Jackson, with his own division, following Ewell's, had reached Gordonsvillo 
July lyth, and, sending thenco for reinforcements, had received A. P. Hill's division, 
increasing his force to some 25,000 men, with which he advanced, driving back our cavalrj' 
and reaching Slaughter's or Cedar Mountain this day. From tho splendid outlook afforded 
by this mountain, ho saw his opportunity, and resolved to profit by it. Pushing forward 
Ewell's division on tho Culpepper road, and thence to tho right along tho western slope of 
the mountain, but keeping it thoroughly covered by woods, which concealed his numbers, 
he advanced four guns to tho front, and opened fire upon Crawford's batteries, his own 



564 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

division, under Winder, being thrown out to the left as it arrived, still under cover of the 
woods. Ewell's batteries were successfully posted at the foot of the mountain, sonae 200 
feet above the valley, whence their fire was far more effective than ours. Meantime 
Hill's division was arriving, and being sent in to the support of whatever portion of the 
rebel line was the weakest, until not less than 20,000 veterans, with every advantage of 
position and shelter, formed the rebel line of battle; against which Banks's 6,000 or 8,000 
advanced, at 5 P. M., across open fields and up gentle acclivities, thoroughly swept by 
the rebel cannon and musketry. 

" Had victory been possible they would have won it. Early's brigade of Ewell's divis- 
ion held the road, and was so desperately charged in front and on its right flank that it 
held its ground only by the opportune arrival of Thomas's brigade of Hill's division; while 
the left of Jackson's division, under Taliaferro, was so assailed in flank and i-ear that one 
brigade was routed and the whole flank gave way, as did also Early's. But the odds were 
too heavy; and, though our men proved themselves heroes, they could not defeat three 
times their number, holding the foot of a mountain and covered by woods. The best 
blood of the Union was poured out like water, but in vain. General Geary, who, with 
five Ohio regiments and the 28th Pennsylvania, made the most desperate charge of the 
day, was himself wounded, with most of his officers. General Crawford's brigade came 
out of the fight a mere skeleton. The 109th Pennsylvania, 102d New York, and several 
other regiments left half their number dead or wounded on that fatal field. Generals 
Augur and Carroll were severely wounded, as were Colonels Donnelly, 46th Pennsylvania, 
Creighton, 7th Ohio, and Majors Savage, 2d Massachusetts, Armstrong, 5th Ohio, and 
Pelouze, Banks's adjutant. General Prince was taken prisoner after dark by accident, 
while passing from one part of his command to another. Our loss in killed and wounded 
could hardly have been less than 2,000 men. We were not so much beaten as fairly 
crowded off the field, where Jackson claims to have taken 400 prisoners, one gun, 
and 5,302 small arms, with a loss on his part of 223 killed, including General C. S. 
Winder, two Lieutenant Colonels, and a major, with 1,060 wounded, among them Colonels 
WilUams and Sheffield, three majors, and 31 missing; total, 1,314. 

" General Pope had remained throughout the day at Culpepper, neither desiring nor 
expecting a serious engagement, and assured from time to time that only skirmishing was 
going on at the front, until the continuous roar of cannon assured him, soon after 5 
o'clock, that the matter was grave. Ordering forward Eickett's division, he arrived with 
it on the field just before dark, and directed Banks to draw in his right wing upon his 
center, so as to give room for Kickett's to come into the fight; but the rebels, though vic- 
torious, advanced with great caution, and finding themselves confronted by fresh batter- 
ies, recoiled, after a sharp artillery duel, and took slielter in the woods. Eickett's guns 
continued vocal until midnight, but of course to little purpose. Meantime Sigel's corps 
began to arrive, and was sent to the front abreast of Eickett's, Banks's corps being with- 
drawn two miles to the rear to rest and re-organize. 

" But there was no more fighting. Jackson clung to the mountain and his woods till 
the night of the 11th, when, aware that King's division had just come up from Fredericks- 
burg, and that Pope was about to strike at his communications and thus compel liim to 
fight on equal terms, he, leaving a part of his dead unburied, retreated rapidly across the 
Eapidan, Our cavahy pursued him to that stream, picking up a number of stragglers. " 

Lossing says : 

"Against these odds Banks moved at five o'clock across the open fields and up gentle 
slopes, in the face of a fearful storm of artillciy and infantry, and fell almost sinmltane- 
ously upon Early on Jackson's right, and upon his left, commanded by General TaUaferro. 
The attacking force was composed of the divisions of General Augur, the advance led by 
General Geary, and the division of General Williams of Michigan, of which Crawford's 
gallant brigade was a part. The battle at once became general, and for an hour and a 
half a fierce struggle was carried on, in wliich uncommon deeds of valor were iierformed 
by the respective combatants. 'I have witnessed many battles during this war,' wrote a 
newspaper correspondent, ' but I have seen none where the tenacious obstinacy of the 
American character was so fully displayed.' The Nationals, outnumbered by more than 
two to one, and failing to receive reinforcements in time, were forced back by overwlielm- 
ing weight, after incurring and inflicting a terrible loss of human life. At dusk Eickett's 
division of McDowell's corps arrived on the field, and took position to relieve Banks and 
check the pursuit of the Confederates, and artillery firing was kept up until midnight. 
Late in the evening Sigel's corps began to arrive. 

"So ended the battle of Cedar Mountain, or of Cedar Eun, as the Confederates call it. 
None was more desperately fought during the war. A jiart of the sanguinary struggle 
was fought hand to hand, under the dark pall of smoke that obscured the moon." 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 565 

The regiment also became heavily engaged iu the great and most disastrous 
battle of Bull Euu, August 30th, 1862, where it lost 7 killed, 13 wounded, 7 
prisoners, and 106 missing iu action. Colonel Brodhead being among the 
mortally wounded, and who died on the oth of September following. 

From a report of Major C. II. Town, commanding regiment: 

" * * Colonel Thornton F. Brodhead was mortally wounded at Bull Eun, Va., 
while gallantly leading liis men to the charge. 

» * * * * *^* * * Hi « 1^ 

"While on his death bed, on the field, almost the last words to his attending surgeon 
■were, ' The old flag will triumph yet.' In his last letter to his wife he writes, ' I fought 
manfully and now die fearlessly.' " 

•'Is't death to fall for freedom's right? 
He's dead alone that lacks her light! 
And murder sullies Heaven's sight 

The sword he draws. 
What can enoble fight? 
A noble cause!" 

From a correspondent : 

" We had a terrible fight the first day and lost many men. The dead in some places 
lay in piles. On the second day a masked battery opened fire on our right and shelled us 
for about four miles. We had just formed again, when the whole left wing of the army 
came rushing by us, followed by the rebel cavalry and artillery. Our brave Uttlo General 
Buford called out, ' Boys, save our army, cover their retreat.' He was answered by three 
hearty cheers. At this time the rebel artillery opened fire on our infantry, as they hurried 
along the road to Centerville. The order came, 'By fours front into line!' The men 
came up in fine style, and then came the order, ' By platoons, right about wheel ! Draw 
sabres!' The rebel battery and cavalry were in front of us. I held my breath for a 
moment, for this was our first charge. I thought of homo and friends. The bugle 
sounded the charge, and away we went, the lines crashed together, and men and horses 
went down and roUed over in the dust. We broke and routed the rebel cavalry and the 
battery pulled up and left. 

"Scon the rebel cavalry formed again, and again we charged and routed them as 
before, but this time we followed them to the edge of the woods, where a battery opened 
on us from the left with grape, canister, shell, and railroad iron. At about the same time 
a brigade of infantry opened on the right. It was too hot, and we wheeled in good order, 
and retreated, and I have the pleasure to say that our regiment was the only regiment 
that rallied again that night. We lost our brave Colonel. Whatever his enemies may 
say about him, he was not a coward. General Pope said that we saved many thousands 
of them. " 

After the battle of Bull Eun, and during the early part of 1863, the regi- 
ment was engaged in grand guard duty in front of the defenses of Washing- 
ton, on a line extending from Edward's Ferry to the mouth of the Occoquan. 
This duty was the most arduous and diflicult the regiment has had to perform, 
requiring incessant watchfulness and vigilance ; but while two cavalry regi- 
ments from other States, who were sharing in the service lost each about 200 
men from the frequent attacks and surprises of Mosby's guerrillas, the loss of 
the 1st was only 30. During the raid about the Union lines, made by the 
rebel General Stuart in February, a detachment of 56 men of this regiment 
were sent out to Avatch his movements. Near Occoquan the enemy came within 
range of the carbines of this party, and fell back in confusion at the first fire. 
Discovering the weakness of the force opposed to them, the rebel cavalry 
recovered and charged vigorously with a large force, before which the detach- 
ment retired, fighting from behind bushes during a pursuit of several miles, 
with a resulting loss to Stuart's troopers of fifteen in killed and wounded, 
and to themselves of none. 

The casualties reported in the regiment in 1863 were killed in action 20, 



566 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

died of wounds 10, of disease 60, wounded in action 58, with 170 taken 
prisoners. In 1S63 died in action or of wounds 23, of disease 7, missing in 
action 114 prisoners in the hands of the enemy. In 1804, 83 died in action 
or of wounds, 33 of disease, wounded in action 103, with 80 missing in action, 
mostly prisoners. 

Up to this date the regiment had been engaged with the enemy at Winches- 
ter, Va., March 23, 1863; Middletown, Va., March 25, 1863; Strasburg, Va., 
March 27, 1863; Harrisonburg, Va., April 23, 1862; AVinchester, Va., May 
34, 1863; Orange Court House, Va., July 16, 1862; Cedar Mountain, Va.", 
August y, 1862; Bull Kun, second, Va., August 30, 1862; Occoquan, Va.,, 
February—, 1803; Thoroughfare Gap, Va., May 21, 1863; Greenwich, Va., 
May 30/l8G3. 

The regiment, during its term of service carried on its rolls 3,244 officers 
and men, and its total loss as finally reported was 10 officers, 92 men killed in 
action, 5 officers 46 men died of wounds, and 5 officers 246 men of disease. 

" Fellow soldiers in life, let them slumber in death 
Side by side, as becomes the reposing braves — 
That sword which they loved still unbroken in its sheath, 
And themselves unsubdued in their graves." 

Note.— Company D of this legiment was placed on detached service as "Provost 
Guard," and stutioned at Alexandria, Va., on November 25th, 1862, and remained there on 
that duty until the close of the war, when the regiment was sent west. Some men of this 
company while out scouting in March, 1864, fell into the hands of the enemy, and as it 
appears from the following, made a most creditable escape. 

Heajjquakters Department ok Washington, ) 
2'.'D Akmv CoKrg, ]■ 

Wmhinglon, D. C, March IS, 1SG4. ) 
Corporal Traynor, Covtpany D, 1st Michigan Cavalry: 

Coiu'ORAL,— The Maior General connnamling the Department desires me to thank you for the 
gallant ami soldierly conduct by whicli you liberated yourself and comrades whilst disarmed and 
in the hands of arnied guerrillas. The "same manly spirit and action shown by you, it manifested 
by your comrades, would rid tlie department of the ])redatory bands calling themselves confede- 
rate soldiers. 
A copy of this communication will be forwarded to the Adjutant General of Michigan. 
Very respectfully, your most obedient servant, 

J. H. TAYLOR, 
Chief of Staff, A. A. G. 



FIFTH REGIMENT CAVALRY. 



" Onward, onward to the battle! who can doubt which side will win? 
Eight and might both guide our squadrons, and the steadfast hearts within." 

The 5tli Cavalry was raised under authority giveu by the War Department 
to Lieutenant Colonel Joseph T. Copeland, 1st Cavalry, with the sanction of 
the Governor. Its rendezvous was at Detroit, and was mustered into the 
service of the United States August 30th, 18G2. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Colonel, Josepli T. Copeland, Pontiae. Lieutenant Colonel, William D. Mann, Detroit. 
Majors, Freeman Norvell, Detroit; Ebenezer Gould, Owosso; and Luther S. Trowbridge, 
Detroit. Surgeon, John P. Wilson, Pontiae. Assistant Surgeon, Addison E. Stone, 
Memphis. Adjutant, Eicliard Baylis, St. Johns. Quartermaster, Arthur Edwards, 
Trenton. Commissary, Dwight A. Aiken, Pontiae. Chaplain, Oliver Taylor, Detroit. 

A. Captain, Wellington W. Gray, Pontiae. First Lieutenant, William M. Underbill, 
Detroit. Second Lieutenant, Samuel Harris, Eochester. Second Lieutenant, Egbert B. 
Clark, Clarkston. 

B. Captain, AUyn C. Litchfield, Blendon. First Lieutenant, Darid Oliphant, Detroit. 
Second Lieutenant, Myron Hickey, Davisburg. Second Lieutenant, Eobert A. Haire, 
Georgetown. 

C. Captain, George W. Hunt, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Horace W. Dodge, Detroit. 
Second, Lieutenant, Jacob Bristol, Detroit. Second Lieutenant, Edward G. Granger, 
Detroit. 

D. Captain, Eli K. Simonds, Northville. First Lieutenant, George S. Wheeler, Green 
Oak. Second Lieutenant, Thomas J, Dean, Northville. Second Lieutenant, Henry 
Hitchcock, Lyons. 

E. Captain, Crawley P. Dake, Armada. First Lieutenant, Edward M. Lee, Port 
Huron. Second Lieutenant, William H. Eolls, Trenton. Second Lieutenant, George E. 
Barse. Detroit. 

F. Captain, Noah H. Ferry, Grand Haven. First Lieutenant, Abram C. Vanderburgh, 
Port Huron. Second Lieutenant, William Keith, Detroit. Second Lieutenant, Elmer C. 
Dicey, White Pigeon. 

G.' Captain, WilHam T. Magoffin, Bingham. First Lieutenant, Stephen B. Mann, Pal- 
myra. Second Lieutenant, George W. Townsend, Green Bush. Second Lieutenant, 
John Gunderman, Essex. 

H. Captain, Stephen P. Purdy, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Heniy Starkey, Detroit. 
Second Lieutenant, Edgar W. Flint, Detroit. Second Lieutenant, Henry K. Foote, 
Detroit. 

I. Captain, William B. Williams, Allegan. First Lieutenant, George N. Dutcher, 
Saugatuck. Second Lieutenant, Charles H. Safford, Detroit. Second Lieutenant, Henry 
H. Finley, Detroit. 

K. Captain, John E. Clark, Ann Arbor. First Lieutenant, Henry H. Petee, Flint. 
Second Lieutenant, Hobart Miller, Detroit. Second Lieutenant, William 0. North, 
Lapeer. 

L. Captain, Eobert F. Judson, Kalamazoo. First Lieutenant, Benjamin F. Axtell, 
Kalamazoo. Second Lieutenant, David G. Kendall, Kalamazoo. Second Lieutenant, 
Eobert C. Wallace, Detroit. 

(oG7) 



568 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

M. Captain, Frederick A. Copeland, Pontiac. First Lieutenant, Sniitli H. Hastings, 
Coldwater. Second Lieutenant, Andrew D. Hall, Quincy. Second Lieutenant, George 
Fairbrother, Detroit. 

The regiment, in command of Colonel Copeland, left its rendezvous on the 
4th of JJecember, 1862, with orders to proceed to Washington, having a 
strength of 1,144 officers and men. 

It had been subjected to a long delay in procuring arms and equipments, 
and finally had to leave only partly armed, but fully equipped, mounted, and 
clothed. 

A battery of light artillery was raised in connection with this regiment, 
classed as the 9th Michigan, originally known as "Daniel's," but was after- 
wards designated as Battery I, 1st Michigan Light Artillery. 

The 5tli carried ou its rolls during service 1,998 officers and men. Its 
casualties in 1863 were reported 23 died in action or of wounds, 39 wounded 
in action, 40 died of disease, with 121 missing in action, mostly taken prison- 
ers. In 1864, 76 died in action or of wounds, 117 wounded in action, 33 died 
of disease, 14 missing in action, with 194 taken prisoners. 

Its loss, as finally reported, was 4 officers and 94 men killed in action, 1 
officer and 23 men died of wounds, and 3 officers and 333 men of disease. 

" No charm for him who lives not free! 
Like the day-star in the wave. 
Sinks a hero in his grave, 
Midst the dew-drop of a Nation's tears." 



SIXTH REGIMENT CAVALRY. 



" Cry havoc and let slip the dogs of war. 
Let them not live to take this land's increase 
That -would with treason wound this fair land's peace." 

The Gth Cavalry was organized at Grand Rapids under authority granted to 
the Hon. F. W. Kellogg, M. C, by the War Department, approved by the 
Governor. Its recruitment being completed, it was mustered into the service 
of the United States on the 13th of October, 1862, with 1,229 officers and men 
on the rolls. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Colonel, George Gray, Grand Eapids. Lieutenant Colonel, Eupsell A. Alger, Detroit. 
Majors, Thaddeus Foote, Grand Kapids; Elijah D. Waters, Grand Eapids; and Simeon B. 
Brown, St. Clair. Surgeon, Daniel G. Wcare, Pentwater. Assistant Surgeon, David C. 
Spalding, Lyons. Adjutant, Hiram F. Hale, Battle Creek. Quartermaster, Charles H. 
Patten, Grand Eapids. Commissary, Jacob Chapman, Lowell. Chaplain, Stephen S. N. 
Greely, Grand Eapids. 

A. Captain, Henry E. Thompson, Grand Eapids. First Lieutenant, Manning D. Birge, 
Grand Eapids. Second Lieutenant, Stephen H. Ballard, Grand Eapids. Second Lieu- 
tenant, Joel S. Sheldon, Grand Eapids. 

B. Captain, Peter A. AVeber, Grand Eapids. First Lieutenant, "Warren C. Comstock, 
Grand Eapids. Second Lieutenant, Charles E. Bolza, Grand Eapids. Second Lieu- 
tenant, Charles E. Storrs, Blendon. 

C. Captain, Wesley Armstrong, Lapet-r. First Lieutenant, Edward Potter, Burchville. 
Second Lieutenant, WUham Creevy, Lexington. Second Lieutenant, George S. West, 
Lexington. 

D. Captain, Da\id G. Eoyce, Burns. First Lieutenant, Seymour Shipman, New Haven. 
Second Lieutenant, Horace B. Eogers, Lansing. Second Lieutenant, Schuyler F. Seager, 
Lansing. 

E. Captain, James H. Kidd, Ionia. First Lieutenant, Edward L. Craw, Lyons. Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, Franklin P. Nichols, Ionia. Second Lieutenant, Ambrose L. Soule, 
Lyons. 

F. Captain, William Hysor, Plainfield. First Lieutenant, Don C. Batcheldcr, Ypsilanti. 
Second Lieutenant. Don G. Lovell, Grand Eapids. Second Lieutenant, George W. 
Crawford, Plainfield. 

G. Captain, George A. Drew. Detroit. First Lieutenant, Harrison L. Throop, Owosso. 
Second Lieutenant, William Hull, Detroit. Second Lieutenant, Phincas G. White, 
Lapeer. 

H. Captain, Henry L. Wise, Caledonia. First Lieutenant, James H. Lobdell, Mus- 
kegon. Second Lieutenant, Horace H. Eichards, Paiis. Second Lieutenant, James W. 
Kellogg, Grand Eapids. 

I. Captain, Charles W. Deane, Pentwater. First Lieutenant, Eobert A. Moon, Big 
Eapids. Second Lieutenant, John S. Joslyn, Holly. Second Lieutenant, Malcom M. 
Moore, Grand Eapids. 

K. Captain, Jolm F. Andrews, Thornapple. First Lieutenant, Peter Cramer, Wood- 
land. Second Lieutenant, Lewis H. Jordan, Irving. Second Lieutenant, Caleb W. 
Eobinson, Grand Eapids. 

72 CoG9) 



570 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

L. Captain, John Torry, Saginaw. First Lieutenant, Philip G. Corej', Galesburg. 
Second Lieutenant, James Mather, Pavilion. Second Lieutenant, Elliott F. Covell, 
Grand Kapids. 

M. Captain, John M. Pratt, Saranac. First Lieutenant, Harvey H. Yinton, Vergennes, 
Second Lieutenant, Benjamin F. Kockafellow, Lyons. Second Lieutenant, Ellas B. 
Stone, Bowne. 

The regiment left its rendezvous iit Grand Kapids fully mounted and 
equipped, but not armed, on the 10th of December, 1862, in command of 
Colonel George Gray, under orders to proceed to Washington. 

While in the field, in 1803, a flag was procured and given to the Cth Cav- 
alry by General James H. Kidd, of Ionia, then major of the regiment. This 
flag was borne through many battles, and is now in possession of the State. 
In the latter part of 18C4 the citizens of Ionia had made a handsome silk flag, 
which was delivered to the regiment through the Hon. James II. Kidd, of 
that city. This flag, after being carried to the close of the war, was taken 
with the regiment to Wyoming on an expedition against the Indians, and was 
the first flag that floated over Fort Keno, on Powdei' river. It is now in pos- 
session of General Kidd, and is a highly prized souvenir of the regiment. 

During its term of service the Cth carried on the rolls 1,G24 officers and 
men. Its casualties reported in 1863 were 3G died in action or of wounds, 45 
of disease, 77 missing in action. In 1864, 55 died in action or of wounds, 44 
of disease, with 5 missing in action. 

Its loss as finally reported was 7 officers and 95 men killed in action, 18 
men died of wounds, and 266 of disease. 

'• 'Midst tangled roots that lined the wild ravine, 

Where the fierce fight raged hottest through the day,. 
And where the dead in scattered heaps were seen, 
Speechless in death they lay." 



SEVENTH REGIMENT CAVALRY. 



" To arms! to arms! ye Dravo! 
God of Nations! hear the vow 
Which ■we offer to Thee now! 
Never, while an arm can save. 
Or one heart beats true and brave, 
Shall this banner for the free 
Be the shroud of Liberty!" 

The 7th Cavalry was raised under the superintendence of the Hon. F. W. 
Kellogg, with its rendezvous at Grand Rapids, its muster into service being at 
different dates. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Colonel, "William D. llann, Detroit. Lieutenant Colonel, AUyn C, Litchfield, Blendon, 
Majors, John S. Huston, Lyons; George K. Newcomb, Owosso; and Henry "\V. Granger, 
Grand Eapids. Surgeon, William Upjohn, Hastings. Assistant Surgeon, Adna Sherman, 
Lamont. Adjutant, Duane Doty, Ann Arbor. Quartermaster, Faruhani Lyon, Grand 
Eapids. Commissary, James W. Bentley, Hastings. 

A. Captain, Alexander Walker, Niles. First Lieutenant, George G. Briggs, Battle 
Creek. Second Lieutenant, James G. Birney, Bay Citj'. Second Lieutenant, Charles 
Lyon, Grand Eapids. 

B. Captain, Lynus F. Warner, Eoyalton. First Lieutenant, Elliott Gray, Tecumseh. 
Second Lieutenant, James C. Boughton, St. Joseph. Second Lieutenant, George W. 
Stonebumer, Grand Eapids. 

C. Captain, Daniel H. Darling, East Saginaw. First Lieutenant, Bradley M. Thomp- 
son, East Saginaw. Second Lieutenant, Eobcrt Sproul, Birch Eun. Second Lieutenant, 

D. Captain, George A. Armstrong, Eaton Eapids. First Lieutenant, John Q. A. Ses- 
sions, Charlotte. Second Lieutenant, , . Second Lieutenant, Henry 

M. Nevins, Grand Eapids. 

E. Captain, Wellington Willetts, Detroit. First Lieutenant, John A. Clark, Stockbridge. 
Second Lieutenant, Eoswell H. Holmes, Detroit. 

F. Captain, Stephen B. Mann, Palmyra. First Lieutenant, James L. Carpenter, Scipio. 
Second Lieutenant, Winchester T. Dodge, Orange. 

G. Captain, Bradley M. Thompson, East Saginaw. First Lieutenant, Joseph J. New- 
man, Owosso. Second Lieutenant, George W. Hill, Detroit. 

H. Captain, Eichard Douglas, Eoss. First Lieutenant, David Sergeant, Kalamazoo. 
Second Lieutenant, John J. Hicks, Charleston. 

I. Captain, Hugh Eichards, Tecumseh. First Lieutenant, , . Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, Myron H. Ellis, Ypsilanti. 

K. Captain, Herman N. Moore, Grand Eapids. First Lieutenant, , . 

Second Lieutenant, Hiram J. Ingersoll, Scipio. 

L. Captain, WiUiam H. Clipperton, East Saginaw. First Lieutenant, Joseph L. Mead, 
East Saginaw. Second Lieutenant, Samuel B. Carll, Port Huron. 

M. Captain, Eobert Sproul, Birch Eun. First Lieutenant, , . Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, , . 

(5:i) 



573 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

The first battalion of the regiment in command of Colonel Mann left its 
rendezvous at Grand Rapids on the 20th of February, 1863, the remaining 
companies joining in May following. 

The 7th carried on its rolls 1,779 officers and men during its term of service. 
Its casualties as reported were in 18(53: Died in action or of wounds,, 30; of 
disease, 50; wounded in action, 63; missing in action, 46; with 75 taken 
prisoners. In 1864, died in action or of wounds, 31 ; of disease, 37; wounded 
ing action, 128; and 179 missing in action. 

The actual loss of the regiment as finally reported was 2 officers, 47 men 
killed in action, 3 officers 24 men died of wounds, 1 officer and 246 men of 
disease. 

""Whether on the scaffold high, 
Or in the battle's van, 
The fittest place for man to dio 
Is where he dies for man," 



MICHIGAN CAVALRY BRIGADE. 



On December 12th, 1862, the Brigade was formed at Washington, made up 
of regiments as follows: 5th, Colonel Freeman Norvell; Gth, Colonel 
George Gray; and 7th, Colonel William D. Mann, and General Joseph T. 
Oopeland assigned to its command with the following staff: Lieutenant Rich- 
ard Bayles, 5th Cavalry, assistant adjutant general ; Lieutenant Pliineas G. 
White, 6th Cavalry, assistant inspector general; Lieutenant Dallas Norvell, 
assistant quartermaster ; and Lieutenant Henry 11. Finley, 5th Cavalry, aid- 
de-camp. 

The 1st Cavalry was afterwards assigned to this brigade. 

The services of these regiments having been mostly rendered as a brigade, it 
has been found necessary to follow its service, relying upon the reports of 
commanders as to special notice of regiments and officers. 

General Lee having entered upon his northern campaign, had crossed the 
Potomac at several points, into Maryland and Pennsylvania. General Hooker, 
with the Union army, having moved from Fairfax, being also on the march 
northward, following him up, crossed that river on the 26th of June at 
Edward's Ferry, and in that vicinity. 

The Michigan Cavalry Brigade, in command of General Copeland, and 
forming a portion of Hooker's cavalry, moved from Fairfax Court House 
June 25th, 1863, via Dranesville, fording the Potomac at Edward's Ferry at 
5 P. M. of that day, encamping at Poolsville, and next morning marched, via 
Sugar Loaf Mountain, crossing the Monocacy valley, and thence via Monocacy 
Junction to Frederick, Maryland. 

On the morning of the 27tli a part of the brigade, the 5th and Gth, in com- 
mand of General Copeland, moved from Frederick up the Cotoctin valley, in 
Pennsylvania to reconnoiter. Army headquarters had only been established 
at Frederick the night before. General Hooker being in command, Copeland's 
orders were direct from headquarters, and were, in brief, to march up the 
valley, keep a bright lookout for the enemy, or information of him, and com- 
municate anything of importance to army headquarters by courier. General 
Lee Avas supposed to have crossed the Potomac and to be on a nortiicrly march 
somewhere to the westward. Tiiis was the information in j)ossession of Gen- 
eral Copeland, but more might have been known at army headquarters. 

At Edward's Ferry the brigade had been weakened by the detachment of the 
1st Cavalry sent to Harper's Ferry, and tlie 7tli Cavalry on special duty iu 
the direction of Sharpsburg, leaving only the 5th and tlic Gth to make this 
reconnoissance. 

(573) 



0'<'4 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

Copeland's command, marching in the direction of Gettysbnrg, encamped 
on the night of the 2?th at Ennnettsburg. Next morning the march was 
resumed, not meeting or hearing anything worth communicating until about 
1 P. M. on the 28th, when, on entering the town of Gettysburg, being the 
first Union troops to occupy that place, it was ascertained that General Early's 
corps of General Lee's army liad already passed through the town on their 
way to York, and that Lougstreet's corps was reported as some few miles west 
of the town, following in Early's path, but probably then encamped for the 
night. This information was at once sent back to army headquarters by a 
sergeant and escort, and the brigade, after having posted strong pickets some 
three miles out on the leading roads into Gettysburg, bivouacked for the night 
in the town. During this reconnoissance dispatches from Early to Lee were 
captured, giving information regarding the Union forces; these were sent by 
Copeland to General Stahl, his immediate commander. General Copeland 
and his staff well knew that the command was resting and waiting for orders 
directly between two of the corps of Lee's army, but also knew that it was in 
better shape to gain information there than anywhere else, and being well 
mounted and strongly picketed it could not easily have been surprised or much 
injured in that position, even if attacked. At daylight the couriers returned 
from Frederick, bringing orders and much unexpected information. Meade 
had superseded Hooker, Pleasanton had been made chief of cavalry instead of 
Averill, Custer had been appointed to command the Michigan Cavalry Brigade 
in i^lace of Copeland, and Kilpatrick to command the cavalry division in place 
of Stahl. Copeland was ordered to turn over his command, after marching 
it back a couple of miles out of Gettysburg, to the next officer in rank. Col- 
onel Alger, 5tli Cavalry, and himself and staff were ordered to return at once 
to Frederick and report at army headquarters for duty. 

The 5th and 6th, in command of Alger, proceeded via Emmettsburg and 
thence to Littletown, and encamped. Next morning moved toward Hanover, 
where the entire brigade became united under the command of General Custer. 

The only interesting incident, except resting all night in Gettysburg, in the 
middle, as it were, of the enemy's line, being the meeting by General Copeland, 
on his way back to Frederick, with General Keynolds at the head of his com- 
mand, the 1st and 11th corps, to whom the important information General 
Copeland had gained was personally communicated. 

The next heard of General Keynolds, on regaining the battle ground on 
July 1st, was that he had been killed in action, having encountered Early's 
corps on the outskirts of Gettysburg, that corps having returned from its 
march to York as soon as it was known that Meade's army was coming up. 
Copeland also learned that Keyuolds's command had been driven into a strong 
position on Cemetery hill, and that the Union army, as it came up, had taken 
post on his left, on the crest of the prolongation of the same ridge to Round 
Top. 

Copeland, much mortified at the loss of his command, was compelled to 
remain a non-combatant, and with his staff witnessed from the rear of that 
position the battle of the 2d, without an opportunity to take part. 

On the 3d General Copeland, with his staff, then composed of Assistant 
Adjutant General Freeman Norvell, who had resigned the colonelcy of the 
oth Cavalry and been appointed in the staff of the army; assistant quarter- 
master. Lieutenant Phineas C White, Gth Cavalry; assistant commissary. 
Lieutenant Fred. A. Copeland, 5th Cavalry; aids-de-camp. Lieutenant Henry 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 575 

11. Finley, oth Cavalry, and Lieutenant William Colrick, 1st Cavalry, joined 
General Alphens S. Williams and staff, then commanding a division in Slo- 
cum's corps on Culp's Hill, and remained ^vitll them during the terrilic battle 
and repulse of the enemy of that afternoon. The following day, the attack 
not being resumed, it was ascertained that Lee had abandoned further offensive 
operations and drawn back his line a mile. General Copelaud reported on the 
morning of the 5th to General Meade, and was ordered to proceed to Wash- 
ington at once with dispatches to the Secretary of AVar. These were prepared 
by General Seth Williams, and by 12 o'clock he was on the road to Washington. 

On the Oth he arrived and reported to Secretary Stanton. On the 14tli he 
was ordered to establish a Draft Kendezvous at Annapolis Junction, and for 
that purpose was sent there and proceeded to organize. 

When all was prepared for the establishment of headquarters, General Gregg 
was ordered there and Copeland was ordered to Pittsburg with his staff, to es- 
tablish the Draft Kendezvous there. This was accomplished and its headquar- 
ters were established seven miles from Pittsburg, by the first of September. 

After six or seven months of very onerous and important duty there, Gen- 
eral Copeland was ordered to report to General Eosecrans, in St. Louis, Mo-, 
and on reporting was ordered to command the post and military prison at 
Alton, 111., which command he held until the close of the war. 



George A. Custer was born in Ohio, and appointed from that State to the 
Military Academy at West Point. On his graduation he was assigned as a 
Second Lieutenant to the 5th United States Cavalry, June 24th, 18G1. 

Although not a native of Michigan at the time of his appointment to the 
academy, his parents were residents of Monroe, in this State, during the early 
part of the war, and probably at the time of his assignment to active service 
with the army. 

In May, 1862, he was serving as a staff officer with the army on the Penin- 
sula under McClellau. 

The bravery and dash of Lieutenant Custer first came into notice in connec- 
tion with a gallant charge made by the -4th Michigan Infantry at Newbridge, 
on June 24, 18G2, where as a staff officer he hiul been sent to give directions 
as to the point of attack. He accompanied the 4th, when in the face of a 
severe fire it forded the Chickahominy, making a most successful attack, driv- 
ing the rebels from their position with loss. Company A of this regiment, 
commanded by Captain Luce, was the leading company in this gallant affair, 
and was raised in Monroe where the home of Custer then was. 

It is singular that the gallantry of a portion of the troops of Michigan, in 
connection with his own, first brought Custer into notice, and that the great 
military reputation he afterwards readied was acquired principally in com- 
mand of the Michigan Cavalry Brigade, which attained a most enviable na- 
tional reputation, and was noted, both in the Union and rebel armies, as among 
the best cavalry in the service. 

His career as a military leader was of the most successful character ; his 
fearless dash and daring achievements made him the terror of his foes and the 
idol of his officers and men. 

These characteristics were natural in him, and when the war ended his gal- 
lant service on the plains in Indian warfare made them continuous, ending only 
with his last gallant defense on the ''Little Big Horn liiver," June 2Jth, 187G, 
when in command of the 7th U. S. Cavalry ho was attacked by an overwhelm- 



576 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

ing force of Sioux Indians, and after making one of the most desperate 
fights on record, he, with his entire command was annihilated. 

"Now his plume is at rest, his sword in its sheath, 
And the hand that should grasp it is nerveless in death." 

On the 29th of June, 1863, Lieutenant Custer had been appointed a Briga- 
dier General of volunteers, and under orders assumed command of the Mich- 
igan Cavalry Brigade, composed of the 1st, Colonel Town ; 5th, Colonel Alger ; 
6th, Colonel Gray ; and 7th, Colonel Mann. 

Under his command it entered upon and took part in the operations of the 
army preceding and in the great battle of Gettysburg, having been heavily 
engaged on the 30th of June at Hanover. On July 1st it marched toward 
York, passing through Abbotsville to Berlin, encamping there that night; 
next day it engaged the enemy at Hunterstown, and on the 3d at Gettysburg. 

In the advance, and in the early engagements with the rebel army, and 
throughout the whole battle as well as in the pursuit of the retreating enemy, 
the brigade took a prominent part, distinguishing itself for bravery and suc- 
cessful achievement in every encounter with the enemy, and finally made a 
most gallant attack on his rear guard at Falling Waters, driving it to the 
the river, killing and capturing large numbers. 

Following are extracts from the reports of the commanders of these regi- 
ments, covering operations on the Pennsylvania campaign and the part taken 
by them in the battles at Gettysburg and in that vicinity : 

Report of Colonel Town, commanding 1st Cavalry : 

"At Hanover, Pa., June 30th, the regiment was not actively employed. It was ordered 
to support Battery M, 2d Artillery, which was in position on a hill in rear of the town 
until a late hour in the afternoon, wlien the battery was ordered to a new position. The 
regiment was ordered to hold the hill (the old position) by order of General Farnsworth, 
since deceased. 

"At the battle of Hunterstown, July 2d, the regiment was put in line of battle on the 
right of the road, near the village. One squadron, under command of Captain A. W. Dug- 
gan, was detached to hold a road leading into the town from the right front of it. One 
platoon was employed as skirmishers on the left of the road leading into the town from the 
rear. This platoon was actively engaged and did good service. 

" On the 3d of July the regiment, with others composing the 2d brigade, was ordered 
to repel an attack on General Meade's right. The position of the regiment was fre- 
quently changed during the day, but without meeting the enemy until about 4 P. M., 
when the 7th Michigan Cavalry, which had been deployed as skirmishers, was rapidly 
driven in by the enemy's cavalry (Hampton's brigade) . The duty devolved upon the 1st 
Michigan of saving Battery M, and the day, which was then going against us. Nobly did 
the ' Old 1st' do its duty. Charging in close column, the troopers using the saber only, 
the host of rebel myrmidons were immediately swept from the field. Never before in the 
history of the war has one regiment of National cavalry met an entii-e brigade of Confed- 
erate cavalry (composed, as this brigade was, of regiments each of which equaled in point 
of numbers the 1st JVlichigau) in open field in a charge and defeated them. By the bless- 
ing of God this was done by the 1st Michigan. Tlie enemy were not only defeated, but 
they were driven from the field in great confusion, and this regiment held the ground until 
ordered to a new position. I cannot say too much in praise of the officers and men of my 
command upon this occasion. That each did his duty is verified by the fact that the loss 
of the regiment in ten minutes was six officers and eighty men. 

"The division to wliich tliis regiment is attached moved early on the morning of the 4th 
of July to Emnicttsburg; from thence it proceeded toward Monterey, Before reaching 
that place tlie enemy Avas discovei'cd in force upon the hills to the right of tlie road. At 
Eountaindale, a small viihigo some miles this side of Monterey, this regijneut — being in 
advance of the colunni — was sent on a road leading from the i-ight of the town to Fairfield 
Gap, Upon reaching tlie Gap, the enemy was found occupying it. A cliarge was made 
by Lieutenant Colonel Stagg, with one squadron, which, with the aid of the other portion 
of the regiment doj»loyed as skirmishers, was successful in driving the enemy from the 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 577 

Gap. The regiment held the position until the entire column and train had passed, though 
the enemy made a strong effort, with superior numbers, to drive it out. 

"My command sustained a heavy loss hero. Lieutenant Colonel Stagg, leading the 
charge, had his horse killed under him, and falling was seriously injured. Captain Wll- 
Ham R. Elliott, while bravely leading his company, was mortally wounded and died the 
next morning. Lieutenant James S. McElhenny, at that time commanding Company G, 
was killed instantly at Captain Elliott's side, yeventcen men also were lost in this 
engagement. I must embrace the present opportunity of paying a parting tribute to the 
memory of tiio noble men whoso names I have mentioned above. Elliott and McElhenny 
were indeed types of the Union soldier. Both of them had volunteered, impressed with 
the idea of the justness of the cause of the Union. They devoted their whole time to their 
duties, ever ready and faithful in their discharge. They died as the Union soldier loves 
to die, loading in the charge. They died, too, earnestly endeavoring to perpetuate the 
beloved institutions of our country on tlio anniversary day of its birth. Two officers and 
six men were lost the same evening at Monterey. 

" On the 14th this regiment was first to come to the relief of the Cth Michigan Cavalry 
which had engaged the enemy near Falling Waters. The brave Weber had just made bis 
gallant charge as the regiment came up, joining with the 6th lighting on foot. The enemy 
were soon driven from the field. It was here that the Michigan brigade led by the gen- 
eral commanding (Kilpatrick) in person, did noble work. Each regiment vied with the 
other in deeds of daring. Five hundred prisoners, one gun, two caissons, three battle flags, 
and a large quantity of small arms attest the labor done. The 1st Michigan had the honor 
of capturing two of the three flags, and the 47th llegiment Vu'ginia Infantry as well, at 
least so much as was on the field, being 56 men and five officers. 

"This engagement was the last in which the regiment participated under my command. 
Since that time Major Brewer has had the command of it. Permit me here to speak of 
the late Captain Charles J. Snyder of my regiment, who was mortally wounded while 
gallantly leading a squadron of the 18th Pennsylvania Cavalry, in the streets of Hagers- 
town on the 6th of July, and died of his wounds July 21st following. He had been detailed 
from the regiment for some days as an aid for General Kilpatrick, and was ordered by that 
officer to assist in the charge. Fearlessly he went upon his duty, and, as an eye witness 
informed me, nobly did he discharge it. Meeting six sturdy Confederates he engaged 
them single handed, cutting three of them out of the saddle and putting the rest to flight, 
though he received a pistol shot which caused his death, and a sabre cut upon the head 
as well early in the melee. The memory of this brave and noble hearted man will ever be 
cherished with brotherly fondness by officers and men of the 1st Michigan Cavalry. 

" It was Sergeants Alfonso Chilson and James B. Lyon, of the 1st Michigan, who cap- 
tured the 47th Virginia colors, together with a major and 70 men, at Falling Waters. The 
47th was deployed, the major and 40 men were standing together in a hollow, when Ser- 
geant Chilson marched up to tiie flag-bearer and seized the flag, at the same time Sergeant 
Lyon ordered the whole party to surrender, which order was very quickly obeyed, the 
rebels throwing down their arms. Passing then to the rear Sergeants Chilson and Lyon 
captured 20 more men of the same regiment, all of whom they safely escorted to the rear. 
Privates Edward Ives and Edward Clark in the same battle captured the colors of the 
40th Virginia Eegiment, near the pontoon bridge, and while the rebels were destroying 
the bridge. " 

Report made to the Adjutant Geueral of the Army, July 1st, 1880, by Col- 
onel Alger, commanding 5tli Cavalry, covering operations of his regiment: 

"In compliance with the former request from your predecessor, General Townsend, 
asking for a report of the 5th Michigan Cavalry Vols., for the ' Gettysburg Campaign,' as 
none for the regiment is on file in llie War Department, I liave the honor to submit the 
following, believing it to be entirely correct, as far as it goes: 

" I find letters written by nie to my wile of the following dates, giving our movements 
quite fully: Faiifax Court House, Va., Juno 24Lh, 1803; Frederick, Md., June 20th, 1863; 
Gettysburg, Pa., June 28th. 1803; Hanover Pa., July 1st, 1803; Enunettsburi;, Md., July 
4th, 1803; Boonsborough, Md., July 8th, 1863; Frederick, Md., July 10th, 1803. 

" I have also official copies of the reports of General Custer commanding our brigade, 
and General Kilpatrick commanding our division, covering the same period, kindly fur- 
nished me by your ofllce. I have also had the assistance of General L. S. Trowbridge, 
then a major in my regiment, and afterwai'ds colonel of 10th Michigan Cavahy, and 
brevet major general. 

"June 2uUa, 1803, at 3 o'clock A. M., my regiment which was brigaded with the 6th 

73 



578 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

Michigan Cavalry, Brigadier General Copeland commanding, marched from Fairfax Court 
House, and during that afternoon crossed the Potomac river at Edward's Feriy, and 
encamped during tlie night at Poolsville Md. 

"June 26th. Marched to Frederick, Md., where we received a grand and loyal wel- 
come from the citizens, thousands of whom were on the streets and in their windows, 
waving Union flags and making other demonstrations of joy. 

"June 27th. We marched from Frederich to Emmettsburg, Md., and encamped. 

"Sunday, June 28th, wo marched from Emmettsburg to Gettysburg, Pa., where I 
arrived with my regiment in the morning, capturing a few straggling rebels, and learned 
that the enemy's cavalry had just vacated the town, and that their main army was sup- 
posed to be moving towards the interior of Pennsylvania. Genei'al Copeland, with his 
staff and the 6th Michigan Cavalry, arrived a few hours later. 

" Such demonstrations of joy as we witnessed, made by the good people of Gettysburg 
upon our arrival, it has never been my privilege to witness, either before or since; they 
almost literally covered my soldiers with flowers. How little they realized the terrible 
scenes that were to be enacted near their homes so soon thereafter. My regiment was 
greatly delighted with the honor of being the lirst to enter that place and learn definitely 
of l^e whereabouts of the enemy. 

"June 29th. We marched back to Emmettsburg. During the day Genei-al Copeland 
was relieved of his command, which was turned over to me temporarily. 

"June 30th. We naarched to Littletown, Pa., where the Michigan Cavalry Brigade, 
being 2d brigade, 3d cavalry division, Army of the Potomac, consisting of the 1st, 5th, 
6th, and 7th Michigan Cavalry, and Captain Pennington's battery of the U. S. Regular 
Artilleiy, was formed and placed under the command of Brigadier General G. A. Custer. 
From Littletown we marched to Honover, Pa., where my regiment had its first serious 
encounter with the enemy. General Stuart's cavalry being near that place, I was left 
with my regiment to intercept him, should he move upon the road I was left to guard. 
Towards evening the enemy attacked me in quite a large force. I charged him, driving 
him some distance, dismounted my command and fought him on foot, killing and captur- 
ing quite a number. My loss was quite severe. 

"It is proper here to state that my regiment was armed with the Spencer rifle, being 
the only regiment in the brigade, and I think in our division, then provided with that 
weapon. Consequently I was then and afterwards required to do very much fighting on 
foot. 

"July 2d. Was at the fight at Hunterstown, Pa., but I was not engaged except in 
slight skirmishing; sustained no loss. 

"July 3d. At 10 A. M. our brigade, being on the right of the army, the enemy's cav- 
alry under General Stuart appeared in our front in large force. I was ordered to dis- 
mount my regiment to dismount and attack him, which I did, drivinjx him back about half 
a mile and into a thick wood. Here he rallied and attacked me and was repulsed, but 
with a heavy loss to my regiment as well as to him. Again he attacked me, moving 
round on my left flank, but was again repulsed. In this last attack I also sustained a 
serious loss, including the gallant Major Noah H. Ferry (brother of U. S. Senator Ferry), 
of my regiment. 

"Being unable to hold my position longer, my ammunition being nearly exhausted, 
and while the enemy were diverted by a charge of the 7th Cavalry, Colonel Mann, on my 
right, I fell back and mounted my regiment. While mounting, "the enemy charged past 
my right flank about forty rods distant, driving the 7th Michigan back in confusion; at 
that moment, having mounted a portion of my command, 1 directed Major Trowbridge to 
take it and charge the enemy, which he did gallantly, having his horse shot and killed 
under him in so doing. 

"A few moments later the balance of the regiment was engaged, and the enemy 
checked and driven from the field, only, however, to rally and come down upon our 
brigade in still greater numbers. This charge was met by Colonel Town with his 1st 
Michigan, which had been held in reserve until now, who charged, checked, and broke 
the enemy's ranks, drivmg him from the field in confusion, assisted by the other regi- 
ments of the brigade. 

"I cannot pass the notice of this charge of the 1st Cavalry without adding a word to 
its aU'eady recorded well-earned praise. I do not believe it had its equal during the war, 
if ever."^ The squadrons, with almost faultless alignment, were hurled upon tiic largely 
superior nunibms of the enemy, and as each squadron came up it was bn)ken and forced 
out on either flank of the succeeding one, which filled its place, until over one-half of the 
regiment was broken up. But the rebels could not stand such terrible and rapid blows, 

* The clinrge referred to liy Colonel Alger lias pnssed into history as one of the most gallant of 
the war, and is now cited as exemplary, worthy of following in the cavalry service of our country. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 579 

and ■wcro forced to leave the field in haste and confusion, while the broken squadron of 
the gallant 1st formed as best they could in the rear of their regiment and joined in the 
pursuit. 

This left our brigade in possession of that hotly contested field, and night having closed 
in, this terrible battle ended; and at our left, -where tlie roar of cannon and musiietry had 
been kept up all day, all was now quiet except occasional desultory firing along the line. 
My loss in killed and wounded was very severe. Major Ferry, wlio was cheering his 
battalion to hold its ground, was instantly killed. His death cast a deep gloom upon tho 
whole brigade. He was a gallant soldier and an exemplary man, and his loss was a great 
blow. July 4th at 10 o'clock A. 31., our division marched from Gettysburg battle-field to 
intercejit the enemy, who was retreating along the South Mountain road towards "Williams- 
port. We marched via Emmettsburg up the road leading to Monterey, a small place, as 
it appeared in the night, on tho top of South Mountain range, tho 5th Michigan Cavalry 
being in the advance. As wo approached the summit of the mountain about midnight 
(the night being very dark) we were surprised by the enemy opening fire upon us with two 
howitzers, charged with grape shot, at close range. The contusion following was only for 
a moment, and they were soon driven off and the command moved forward. Arriving at 
the summit of the mountain, the trains of the enemy could be distinctly heard moving 
along down the road which intercepted the line of our march— the road leading down tho 
west; slope of the mountain toward Williamsport. Near the junction of the two roads and 
between us and the trains of the enemy, was a bridge over a deep stream swollen by the 
heavy rains of the afternoon of thcltli, wliich was guarded by over one thousand of tho 
enemy's infantry. This bridge the 51h Cavalry charged across, forming its lino on the 
opposite side of the bridge by the Hashes of its guns (tho regiment being dismounted) and 
moved forward at a double quick upon tiie enemy, and was followed by the mounted 
escort of General Kilpatrick. This cliarge resulted in the capture of about fifteen hundred 
prisoners and a large train of wagons, the latter Extending from tho top to the base of the 
mountain, which Avere mostly burned, and the mules attached to them turned over to the 
quartermaster. I cannot speak in terms of too high praise of the behavior of my regiment 
in this engagement. It was the most trying place it had passed through up to that time, 
if not during its organization. 

" July 51h. Wo had some skirmishing with the enemy's cavalry, who followed us, but 
nothing serious. We encamped near Boonsborough, Md. 

"July Cth. We marched with tho division to Hagerstown, Md. Had some skirmishing 
with the advance of the rebel army. From that place we marched down the turnpike to 
near Williamsport. My regiment being in advance, I was ordered by General Kilpatrick 
to charge into Williamsport, but just as we had drawn sabres and I had given tho order to 
'Trot, march!' the order was countermanded and I formed my regiment in a sheltered 
place behind some rocks on the left of the road, and at the same time the enemy opened 
fire upon us with a battery of artillery in front. Near this place we remained until near 
night, skirmishing some in front with dismounted men, when it was discovered that 
the advance of the enemy's infantry was close upon us. 

"At that moment orders wei'e received to fall back at once, which we did under cover 
of the twilight, passing along within two hundred yards of the enemy's infantry for more tlian 
a quarter of a mile, while they, with stacked arnis in the road where we had passed down, 
saw us march by unmolested, evidently supposing we belonged to their army. This 
movement was only participated in by my regiment, the balance of the command having 
moved away much earlier, but being on our extreme right tho orders had not reached mo 
until it was found that my command was missing. I was holding a position to guard tho 
front only, supposing others were attending to the rear. We marched back to Boons- 
borough that niglit, and encamped. 

"July 7th. We remained in camp. 

"July 8tli. About 10 o'clock A. M. we met the enemy in large force between Boons- 
borough and Hagerstown, about three miles from Boonsborough. Here, again, on account 
of some stone Avails, I was ordered to dismount my command and charge the enemy who 
was strongly posted in a piece of Avood. We attacked him vigorously, driving him out of 
his lines and far beyond. In this last charge I Avas seriously Avounded and carried from 
the field and did not join my command again until September, on tlio day our caAalry 
drove Stuart's command out of Culpepper Court House. 

" My regiment participated in the engagement at Hagerstown on the 12th, when Lieuten- 
ant Colonel Ciould Avas seriously Avoundcd Avhilc leading a cluuge at Falling Waters July 
14th, and at the subsequent batlles and skirmishes had Avith tho enemy during his retro- 
grade njovemeut. 

"I regret, exceeding, that my ofllcial report, made soon after this campaign, is miss- 
ing. It contained many accounts of personal bravery and daring Avliicli 1 cannot noAT 
relate, and to particularize at this remote date might do much injustice to many Avhoso 
names Avould not be mentioned as they deserved. 



580 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

"I cannot, however, close this report without adding that in every engagement both 
ofiBcers and men filled their places as they should, and earned •well the reputation which 
they always sustained, and of which any command might well be proud. " 

From a report of Major Dake, who assumed command of the regiment after 
the wounding of Colonel Alger and Lieutenant Colonel Gould : 

"July 9th, Kemained quietly at Boonsborough during day and night. 

"July 10th. Proceeded to the right of Funkstown and picketed the right during day 
and night. 

"July 11th. Still on picket and support for the battery, 

"July 12th. Moved towards Hagerstown; charged through the city, everywhere driv- 
ing the enemy. Lieutenant Colonel Gould was wounded in the charge. Two squadrons 
dismounted on the left of the city and drove a superior force from its position. Picketed 
during the rest of the day and night. 

"July 13th. The regiment remained on picket in and around the city during the day 
and night. 

"July 14th. Moved out of Hagerstown in the advance to Winiamsport, charged into 
the town, met no considerable force, moved to the right of the town, and up the river 
bank, and drove a small force of the enemy's rear guard across the river, capturing a con- 
siderable number of prisoners. Rejoined the brigade at Falling Waters. 

"July 15th. Marched to Boonsborough. 

"July 16th. Marched to Berlin, on the Potomac, and remained day and night, 

"July 17th. Crossed to Purcelville and Snicker's Gap, arriving at the latter place 
about noon. Dismounted and deployed as skirmishers. After skirmishing some time, 
took posession of and held the Gap for the night. Several prisoners were captured. 

"July 18th. Remained in possession of the Gap all day, and then returned to Purcel- 
ville, 

"July 19th. Marched from Purcelville to Upperville. 

"July 20th, Moved toward Ashby's Gap; dismounted, deployed as skirmishers, and 
moved up into the mountains — the advance resisting a cavalry charge while the skirmish- 
ers, driving the enemy from the Gap, took possession of it. Returned to Uppei-ville same 
night, 

"July 21st. Still at Upperville, On the 22d moved to Manassas railroad. 

"July 23d. Moved to Newby's Ci'oss Roads, in advance, ten squadrons dismounting to 
fight; deployed as skirmishers and moved on the right. Two squadrons, mounted, re- 
mained iu line in front. After some skirmishing obeyed orders to fall back. " 

Keport of Colonel Gray, commanding Gth Cavalry: 

" On the morning of June 30th this regiment, with the 5th, occupied Littletown, Penn.; 
while Company A was on a reconnoissance toward Westminster, the remainder of the 
regiment (nine companies) proceeded to Hanover. On approaching the last named place 
we came upon the enemy's skirmishers, whom wo drove to their guns, which we unex- 
pectedly found posted on our right, supported by a large force of cavalry. Their battery 
opened upon us, when we withdrew. In making this movement we were completely 
flanked by another body of the enemy's cavalry, outnumbering my command at least six 
to one. I placed two companies (B and F) in position to protect our rear and to check 
the enemy's advance. These companies met, by counter charges, tliree successive 
charges of the enemy, with a loss on our part of from fifteen to twenty captured and a loss 
to the enemy of several wounded and captured. The regiment then moved by the left of 
the road to Hanover, and there reported to General Custer, 

" Company A having been called in from the Westminster road, joined a portion of the 
5th Michigan Cavalry, and later in the day had an engagement with the cavalry force of 
the enemy. 

"On reporting to General Custer at Hanover, this regiment was at once deployed as 
skinnislicrs, forming a lino of battle one mile in length, advanced upon the enemy and 
drove them until they withdrew. 

" On the evening of July 2d the regiment encountered the enemy's cavalry at Hunters- 
town. Company A, under command of Captain H. A. Thompson, charged a brigade of 
cavalry, and tliough suffering great loss, so checked the enemy as to enable our battery 
to be placed in a position. Three otiier squadrons then dismounted, and with their rifles 
drove the enemy back, when the guns of our battery caused them to hastily leave the 
field. 

"July 3d. At Gettysburg the regiment was ordered to the support of the battery, four 
companies being pushed forward in front, dismounted, four remaining through a great 
part of the engagement mounted and immediately on the left of the battery, exposed to 



MICHIGAN IN THE \fAIL 681 

the shot and shell of the enemy's guns. The other companies were engaged as skirmish- 
ers to the front and right. 

"July 4th. At Monterey, when the attack was made on the enemy's train, this regi- 
ment dismounted and deployed as skirmishers; fought the enemy, who were advan- 
tageously posted in the woods on either side of the road, and supported by two guns. 
Here, again, the enemy was driven with great loss on their part and slight on ours. 

"July 5th. At Smithburg this regiment was employed in supporting the battery. 

"July 6th. AtHagerstown the regiment, having been in rear of the column on the 
march, was ordered to the front, but on arriving there General Custer, having driven the 
enemy, ordered us back. 

" Same day, at 'Wiliiamsport, passing in the direct range of the enemy's guns, thereby 
losing one officer killed, and three wounded, the regiment was posted on the front and to 
the right of our battery, and connecting with the skirmishers of the 1st Michigan Cavalry, 
protected our own guns and held the enemy, who was advancing on our right, until the 
remainder of our command left the position, the 1st and 6th being the last to retire. 

"July 8th. At Boonsborough this regiment was deployed to the lelt of the Hagers- 
town road, and after a sharp and hotly contested engagement, lasting several hours, 
repulsed and routed the enemy, and drove him three miles, and until night closed the 
pursuit. The rebel General Stuart was in person directing the assault in front of this 
regiment on that occasion. 

"July 11th. This regiment was ordered to do picket duty before Hagerstown txim- 
pike on the right, towards Funkstown on the left. Here during the entire day we were 
engaged skirmishing with the enemy's sharp-shooters. Our loss was only two wounded. 
The enemy was seen to carry several of his dead and wounded from his line. 

"July 12th. Participated in the capture of Hagerstowu. 

"July 14th. At Falling Waters, the regiment being in advance of all others, came upon 
a division of the enemy's infantry in a very strong position behind earth-works, on the 
crown of a hill. The advance guard (Companies B and F), under Major P. A. Weber, 
charged tliem up to and within their fortifications. An entire brigade surrendered to this 
mere handful of men, when another brigade, drawn up in line in rear of the first, opened 
a murderous fire upon the gallant little band, in which the others, who had just sur- 
rendered, also joined, and the survivors were compelled to withdraw, leaving the bodies 
of many of their gallant and lamented comrades within rebel works, a witness of their 
noble and heroic daring. The remainder of the regiment, deployed as skirmishers, then 
engaged the vastly superior force of the enemy, but, overpowered by numbers, fell back 
to the cover of a hill, where they were joined by the 1st Michigan Cavalry. These two 
regiments then marched forward and charged the enemy, who fled with great loss. The 
flight soon became a route, and soon nothing was to be seen of that division but the dead 
and wounded covering the fields and the crowds of prisoners in our hands. 

"July 20th. The regiment participated in the capture of Ashby's Gap, and by order 
of Colonel Town, brigade commander, proceeded rapidly to Berry's Ford, on the Shenan- 
doah, where we encountered the enemy strongly entrenclied on the opposite side of the 
river. After a skirmish, lasting some hours, there being no means of crossing the river, 
we were ordered to return. Our loss was three wounded. 

"July 24th. Engaged in the reconnoissance from Amisville to Newby's Cross Roads. 
The regiment, under command of Lieutenant Colonel Foote, was deployed as skirmishers, 
and occupied the left of the line. After driving the enemy's line of skirmishers and 
accomplishing the object of the reconnoissance, the command was ordered back to Amis- 
ville. On the return this regiment, occupying the (then) right, and in a naiTow lane, 
found itself flanked by a brigade of the enemy's infantry, but succeeded in efifecting the 
movement with but little loss." 

Report of Major Newcombe, 7th Cavalry: 

"At Hanover, Pa., on the 30th of June, the regiment having the advance of the brigade 
in its rapid return from Abbottstown was thrown into position on the lelt of the turnpike 
to tlie left and front of Battery M, 2d U. S. Artillery. Two squadrons were dismounted 
and advanced as skirmishers, under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Litchfield. In 
the progress of the action the regiment was moved to the right of the town as a support 
to Battery M. The skirmishers, after having advanced beyond the town and exhausted 
their ammunition, were withdrawn. At about 5 o'clock P. M., Companies C, H, and E, 
under command of Major Newcombe, were sent to occupy the town, which they took 
possession of and held until night, when the enemy withdrew. 

" At Hagerstown, on July 2d, the regiment, except one squadron, held in reserve, was 
advanced on the left as dismounted skirmishers. 

"At Gettysburg, on the 3d of July, on the extended right of our line during the early 
part of the day the regiment, as reserve and as a support to Battery M, occupied various 



582 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

positions on the field. At about 4 o'clocli: P. M. the regiment was ordered to charge the 
advancing line of the enemy's skirmishers, who were strongly supported by their cavalry 
reserve. A desperate but unequal hand-to-hand conflict here occurred. The regiment 
being finally obliged to retire twice, rallied under a sharp fire from the enemy, without 
support or cover, and returned to the charge and held the field until the advance of the 
1st Michigan. 

"At Monterey, on the night of the 4th of July, two companies, under command of Cap- 
tain Armstrong, were detached to hold the mountain road. The remainder of the regi- 
ment fought on the right as dismounted skirmishers. 

"At Smithburg, July 5th, the regiment supported Battery M and occupied the extreme 
left. 

"At Hagerstown, July Cth, the regiment, having supported the battery in the early 
part of the affair, was afterward advanced on the right nearly past the town, when it was 
dismounted and thrown forward as skirmishers, driving the enemy beyond the town, and 
was then recalled. 

"At "Williamsport same day, supported a battery. 

"July 8th, at Boonsborough, in the early part of the action, supported Battery M on 
the right of the Hagerstown road. As our line of skirmishers was falling back. Major 
Newcomb, with his battahon, dismounted and advanced to their support. The line 
advanced under a heavy fire and drove the enemy from the woods. Reinforcements com- 
ing up, a charge was made and the enemy was driven from the field. The remainder of 
the regiment supported the skirmishers, and was exposed to a heavy fire. 

" On the 12th of July, the regiment being attached to the 1st brigade, with it entered 
Hagerstown under a sharp fire from the enemy. In the afternoon the regiment was ad- 
vanced to support the infantry at the extreme right of the town. 

"At Falling Waters, July i4th, on coming into action, Major Granger was di.spatched 
to the right, where dismountmg a portion of his command, he soon took from the enemy 
a ten-pounder Parrott gun, which, after having turned against the enemy with great effect, 
he brought from the field. Another portion of the regiment went to the support of the 
skii'mishers, and the remainder as a support to Battery M. The enemy's column advanc- 
ing to charge the battery, that portion of the right supporting it— seventy sabres — 
advanced to the charge and brought from the field 400 prisoners, with the battle-flag of 
the 55th Virginia. The dismounted skirmishers of the 7th captured the colonel of the 
55th, with several other officers and a squad of men." 

following is General Custer's report, made August 22d, 18G3, covering the 
operations of his cavah'y during a portion of the battle of Gettysburg: 

" In compliance with instructions received from the headquarters of the 3d division, I 
have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by my command in the 
engagements near Gettysburg, July 3d, 1863: 

" At an early hour on the morning of the 3d I received an order, through a staff officer 
of the brigadier general commanding the division, to move at once my command and fol- 
low the 1st brigade on the road leading from Two Taverns to Gettysburg. 

"Agreeably to the above instructions my column was formed and moved out on the 
road designated, when a staff officer of Brigadier General Gregg, commanding 2d division, 
ordered me to take my command and place it in position on the pike leading from York 
to Gettysburg, which position formed the extreme right of our line of battle on that day. 
Upon arriving at the point designated I immediately placed my command in position, fac- 
ing toward Gettysburg. At the same time I caused rcconnoissances to be made on my 
front, right, and rear, but failed to discover any considerable force of the enemy. Every- 
thing remained quiet until 10 A. M., when the enemy appeared on my right flank, and 
opened upon me with a battery of six guns. Leaving two guns and a regiment to hold 
my first position and cover the road leading to Gettysburg, I shifted the remaining por- 
tion of my command, forming a new line of battle at right angles to my former line. The 
enemy had obtained correct x-ange of my new position, and was pouring solid shot and 
shell into my command with great accuracy. Placing two sections of Battery M, 2d Beg- 
ular Artillery, in position, I ordered them to silence the enemy's battery, which order, 
notwithstanding the superiority of the enemy's position, was successfully accomplished 
in a veiy short space of time. My lino, as it then existed, was shaped like the letter L. 
The shorter branch formed one section of Battery M, supported by tour squadrons of the 
6th Michigan Cavahy, faced toward Gettysburg, covering tlie Gettysburg pike; the long 
branch, composed of the remaining two sections of Battery M, 2d Artillery, supported by 
a portion of the Cth Micliigan Cavalry on the left and the 1st Michigan Cavalry on the 
right, with the 7tli Michigan Cavalry "still further to the right and in advance, was held in 
i-eadiness to repel any attack the enemy might make coming on the Oxford road. The 



MICHIGAN IN THE ^VAli. 583 

5th Michigan Cavalry was dismounted and ordered to take position in front of my center 

and left. Tho 1st ^lichigan Cavalry was hold in a column of squadrons, to observe the 
movements of the enemy. I ordered fifty men to bo sent one mile and a half on tho 
Oxford road, while a detachment of equal size was sent one mile and a half on tho road 
leading from Gettysburg to York, both the detachments being under the command of the 
gallant Major "Webber, who, from time to time kept mo so well informed of tho move- 
ments of the enemy that I was enabled to make my dispositions with complete success. 
At 12 o'clock an order was transmitted to me from the brigadier general commanding the 
division, by one of his aids, directmg me, upon being reHeved by a brigade from the 2d 
division, to move with my command and form a junction with tho 1st brigade on the ex- 
treme left. On the arrival of the brigade of the 2d division, commanded by Colonel Mc- 
intosh, I prepared to execute the order. Before I had left my position Brigadier General 
Gregg, commanding the 2d division, arrived with his entire command. Learning the true 
condition of affairs in my front, and rightly conjecturing that the enemy was making his 
disposition for vigorously attacking our position, Brigadier General Gregg ordered mo to 
remain in the position I then occupied. 

"The enemy was soon after reported to be advancing on my front. The detachment 
of fifty men sent on the Oxford road were driven in, and at the same time the enemy's 
Hne of skirmishers, consisting of dismounted cavalry, appeared on tho crest of the 
ridge of hills on my front. The line extended beyond my left. To repel their ad- 
vance, I ordered the 5th Jlichigau Cavalry to a mofe advanced position, with instruc- 
tions to maintain their ground at all hazards. Colonel Alger, commanding tho 5th, 
assisted by ^Majors Trowbridge and Ferry, of the same regiment, made such admirable 
disposition of their men behind fences and other defenses as enabled them to successfully 
repel the repeated advance of a greatly superior force. I attributed their success in a 
great measure to the fact that this regiment is armed with the Spencer repeating rifle, 
which m the hands of brave, determined men, like those composing the 5th Michigan Cav- 
alry, is, in my estimation, the most effective fire-arm that our cavalry can adopt. Colonel 
Alger held his ground until his men had exhausted their ammunition, when he was com- 
pelled to fall back on the main body. The beginning of this movement was the signal for 
the enemy to charge, which they did with two regiments, mounted and dismounted. I at 
once ordered the 7lh Michigan Cavalry, Colonel ^lanii, to charge the advancing column 
of the enemy. The ground over which we had to pass was very unfavorable for the 
maneuvering of cavalry, but, despite all obstacles, this regiment advanced boldly to the 
assault, which was executed in splendid style, the enemy being driven from Held to field 
until our advance reached a high and unbroken fence, behind which the enemy were 
strongly posted. Nothing daunted, Colonel Mann, followed by the main body of his reg- 
iment, bravely rode up to the fence and discharged their revolvers in tho very face of the 
foe. No troops could have maintained this position; the 7th was, therefore, compelled to 
retire, followed by twice the number of the enemy. By this time Colonel Alger, of the 
5th Michigan Cavalry, had succeeded in mounting a considerable portion of his regiment, 
and gallantly advanced to the assistance of tho 7th, whose further pursuit by the enemy 
he checked. At the same time an entire brigade of the enemy's cavalry, consisting of 
four regiments, appeared just over the crest in our front. They were formed in column 
of regiments. To meet this overwhelming force I had but ono available regiment — the 
1st Michigan Cavalry, and the fire of battery M, 2d regular artillery. I at once ordered 
the 1st to charge, but learned at the same moment that similar orders had been given by 
Brigadier General Gregg. As before stated, the 1st was formod in column of battahons. 
Upon receiving the order to charge. Colonel Town, placing himself at the head of his 
command, ordered the 'trot' and sabers to be drawn. In this manner the gallant body 
of men advanced to tho attack of a force outnumbering them live to one. In addition to this 
numerical superiority, the enemy had the advantage of position and were exultant over 
the repulse of the 7th Michigan Cavalry. All these facts considered, would seem to ren- 
der success on the part of the 1st impossible. Not so, however. Arriving within a few 
yards of the enemy's column the chai-go was ordered, and with a yell that spread terror 
before them, the 1st Michigan Cavalry, led by Colonel Town, rode upon the front rank 
of the enemy, sabering all who came Avithin reach. For a moment, but only a moment, 
that long, heavy column stood its ground; then, unable to withstand the impetuosity of 
our attack, it gave way into a disorderly rout, leaving vast numbers of their dead and 
wounded in our possession, while tho 1st, being masters of tho field, had tho proud satis- 
faction of seeing the much-vaunted 'chivalry,' led by their favorite commander, seek 
safety in headlong flight. I cannot find language to express my high appreciation of the 
gallantry and daring displayed by the oflicers and men of the 1st Michigan Cavalry. 
They advanced to the charge of a vastly sui)erior force with as much order and precision 
as if going upon parade; and I challenge the annals of warfare to produce a more bril- 
liant or successful charge of cavalry tliau the one just recounted. Nor must I forget to 



584 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

acknowledge the individual assistance rendered by battery M, 2d regiment of artillery, in 
this charge. Our success in driving the enemy from the field Is due, in a great measure, 
to the highly efficient manner in which the battery was handled by Lieutenant A. C. M. 
Pennington, assisted by Lieutenants Clark, WoodrufT, and Hamilton. The enemy made 
but slight demonstrations against us during the remainder of the day, except in one 
instance he attempted to turn my left flank, which attempt was most gallantly met and 
successfully fiustrated by Second Lieutenant J. H. Kellogg, with company H, 6th Michi- 
gan Cavalry. We held possession of the field until dark, during which time we collected 
our dead and wounded. At dark I returned with my command to Two Taverns, where I 
encamped for the night. 

"In this engagement my command lost as follows: 9 officers and 69 men killed, 25 
officers and 207 men wounded, 7 officers and 225 men missing; making a total of 542. 
Among the killed I record the name of Major N. H. Ferry, of the 5th Michigan Cavalry, 
who fell while heroically cheering on his men. It would be impossible for me to particu- 
larize in those instances deserving special mention; all, both officers and men, did their 
duty. There were many cases of personal heroism, but a list of their names would make 
my report too extended. To Colonel Town, commanding the 1st Michigan Cavalry, and 
to the officers and men of his regiment for the gallant manner in which they drove the 
enemy from the field, great praise is duo. Colonel Mann, of the 7th Michigan Cavalry, 
and Colonel Alger of the 5th Michigan Cavaliy, as well as the officers and men of their 
commands, are entitled to much credit for their united efforts in repelling the advance of 
the enemy. The 6th Michigan Cavalry rendered very good seiTice by guarding both my 
right and left flank; also by supporting Battery M under a very hot fire from the enemy's 
battery. Colonel Gray, commanding the regiment, was constantly seen wherever his 
presence was most needed, and is deserving of special mention. I desire to commend to 
your favorable notice Lieutenants Pennington, Clark, Woodruff, and Hamilton, of Battery 
M, 2d Ai'tillery, for the zeal and ability displayed by each on this occasion. My thanks 
are personally due to the following named members of my staff, who, on many occasions 
exhibited remarkable gallantrj' in transmitting and executing my orders on the field: 

"Captain G. A. Drew, 6th Michigan Cavalry, assistant inspector general. 

"First Lieutenant K. Baylis, 5th Michigan Cavalry, acting assistant adjutant general. 

" First Lieutenant Wm. H. Wheeler, 1st Michigan Cavalry, aid-de-camp. 

"First Lieutenant Wm. Colerick, 1st Michigan Cavalry, aid-de-camp. 

"I desu"e also to mention two of my buglers, Joseph Fought, Company D, 5th U. S. 
Cavalry, and Peter Boehn, Company B, 5th U. S. Cavalry; also, Orderlies Noi^vali 
Churchill, Company L, 1st Michigan Cavaliy, George L. Foster, Company C, 1st Michi- 
gan Cavalry, and Benjamin H. Butler, Company M, 1st Michigan Cavalry," 

Following the battle of Gettysburg, these regiments were engaged with the 
enemy in Maryland, during July, at the following points: Monterey, 4th; 
Cavetowu, 5th; Smithtown, Boonsborough, Ilagerstown, and Williamsport, 
6th; Boonsborough, 8th; Ilagerstown and Williamsport, 10th; Falling 
Waters, 14th; and Snicker's Gap, Va., on the 19th. 

While Meade's army was following up Lee and crowding him on to the banks 
of the Potomac, and while he was hurriedly crosshig a portion of liis army on 
a bridge which he had constructed at Falling Waters, Kilpatrick, who then 
had in his command the 1st, 5th, 6th, and 7th Michigan Cavalry, discovered 
the movement, and suddenly struck the enemy's rear guard, driving it into the 
river, killing one hundred and twenty-Gve, taking fifteen hundred prisoners 
and three battle-flags. The rebel commander Pettigrew was mortally wounded, 
and Major Weber who led the 6th Michigan in the charge, was instantly killed. 
Thus Michigan troops were early in the great contest at Gettysburg, and were 
in the last charge which closed that bold and formidable invasion of northern 
Boil. 

A New York correspondent, noticing the engagement at Falling Waters, 
which immediately followed Gettysburg, says: 

" Hearing that a force had marched toward Falling Waters, General Kilpatrick ordered 
an advance to that place. Through some mistake, only one brigade, that of General 
Custer, obeyed the order. When within less than a mile of Falling Waters four brigades 
were found in lino of battle in a very strong position, and behind half a dozen eleventh- 



MICHIGAN m THE WAE. 585 

corps or orescent-shaped earth-walls. The 6th Michigan Cavalry was in advance. They 
did not wait for orders, but one squadron, Coiujjaiiies D and C, under Captain Koyce(who 
was killed) and Captain Armstrong, were deployed as skirmishers, while Companies B 
and F, led by Major Weber (who was killed), made the charge. The line of skirmishers 
was forced back several times, but the men rallied promptly, and finally drove the enemy 
behind the works. A charge was then made, the squadron passing between the earth- 
works. So sudden and spirited was the dash, and so demoralized was the enemy, that 
the first brigade surrendered without firing a shot. The charging squadron moved 
directJj' on and engaged the second brigade, when the brigade that had surrendered 
seized their guns, and then commenced a fearful struggle. Of the 100 who had made 
the charge only 30 escaped uninjured; 7 of their horses lay dead within the enemy's 
works." 

Report of Colonel C. H. Town, commanding 1st Michigan, covering a por- 
tion of the operations of his regiment around Gettysburg: 

" * * * We moved early on the morning of the 4th of July to Emmettsburg, thence 
to Monterey. Before reaching the latter place the enemy was discovered in force upon 
the hills to the right of the road. The regiment, being in advance of the column, was 
sent on a road leading to Fairfield Gap. The enemy having possession of the Gap, a 
charge was made by one squadron, which, with the remainder of the regiment deployed 
as skirmishers, was successful in driving the enemy from the Gap, The regiment held 
the position until the entire column had passed, though the enemy made desperate efforts, 
with superior numbers, to drive us out. Our loss here was heavy. Captain William It. 
Elliott, while bravely leading his company, was mortally wounded and died the next 
morning, and Lieutenant James S. McElhenuy, commanding Company G, was killed 
instantly. 

"I must embrace the present opportunity to pay a parting tribute to the memory of 
the noble men whose names I have above mentioned. Elliott and McElhenny were, 
indeed, true types of the American soldier. They devoted their whole time to their 
duties, ever ready and faithful in their discharge. They died as the Union soldier loves 
to die— leading in the charge," 

The 1st Cavuh-y lost at Gettysburg 80 men and 11 officers killed, wounded, 
and missing, out of 300. The 7th Cavalry liud 16 killed, 41 wounded, 13 
missing, and 12 prisoners. Casualties of the 5th and Gth are not reported. 

General Kilpatrick, in his report, referring to the engagement at Falling 
Waters, July 14th, 18G3, says: 

"* * * The enemy was, when first seen, in two lines of battle, with arms stacked, 
within less than one thousand yards of the large force, A portion of the Gth Michigan 
Cavalry, seeing only that part of the enemy behind the earth-works, charged. This 
•charge was led by Major Weber, and was the most gallant ever made. At a trot they 
passed up the hill, received the fire from the whole line, and the next moment rodo 
through and over the earth-works, sabering the rebels along the entire line, and returned 
with a loss of 30 killed, wounded and missing, including the gallant Major Weber, killed." 

Captain David G. Eoyco and Lieutenant Charles E. Bolza, Gth Michigan, 
were killed in this action, Lieutenant Bolza in the charge, and Captain Koyco 
in the action succeeding it. 

Eeport of Colonel K. A. Alger, commanding 5th Michigan: 

"* * * The 5th has won an enviable reputation. Every moment brings a sad gloom 
over all our hearts for the noble Ferry. He was instantly shot through the head whilo 
leading his battalion at Gettysburg. He was a bravo ofllcer. I cannot supply his place." 

A correspondent says of the cavah'y on the Gettysburg campaign : 

""In sixteen days one division of our cavalry has had fifteen battles, with infantry in 
nearly ail to contend against; captured or destroyed nearly or quite one thuusand loaded 
wagons and between three and lour thousand horses and mules; taken between four and 
live thousand rebel prisoners; destroyed one half of the rebel General Stuart's cavalry 
force, and so demoralized the balance, that when a green (or blue) militia regiment (the 
Philadelphia blues), with a regiment of Green Mountain Boys, attacked them while ported 
behind earth-works at Hagerstown, the whole oomn)and lied panic-stricken, — or at WU- 
llamsport, where Custer's brig'ado of Michiganders, with Pennington's battery, captured 
more than man for man of an enemy whoso force consisted of four times their number, 

74 



58G MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

and strongly located behind earth- works. This is cavalry fighting, the supoiior of which 
the world never saw. The cavalry contributed largely to the success of our arms at 
•Gettysburg." 

A correspondent says of the cavalry on the right of our army at Gettysburg, 
and who noticed a charge of the 7th Cavalry : 

"But little has been said of the part taken by the cavaliy on the right at Gettysburg, 
Friday, July 3d. General Gregg's division, assisted by General Custer's brigade, of 
General Kilpatrick's division rendered an important service here. The enemy seemed 
determined to capture our batteries and turn the iiank. The movement was onl}' pre- 
vented through the stubborn bravery of the troops. The 7tli Michigan, a new regiment, 
charged up to a stone wall under a front and flank fire from a concealed enemy, charging 
in column by company, closed en masse. When the first company reached the wall, and 
was brought to a sudden stand, the balance of the column, being in a very exposed posi- 
tion, was thrown into some confusion. The regiment was recalled, when the 1st Michi- 
gan, Colonel Town, made a more successful charge." 

In a report of Colonel Alger, commanding 5th Cavalry: 

"At 3 A. M., on the 1st of Sepjfember, 1863, we moved towards Port Conway, arriving 
there at 2 P. M. The enemy's pickets and skirmishers were driven across the river, and 
the regiment advanced to the bank, exposed to a severe fire from the enemy's artillery, 
which was in position on the south side of the Eappahannock. Two gunboats and some 
supplies were destroyed and we moved back, returning to camp on the following day. 
Lieutenant P. S. Leggett, a gallant young officer was killed. He was serving on the staff 
of General Kilpatrick, and is mentioned in the official report of that officer, as 'a young 
man of great daring, perseverance, and energy,' and was on several occasions sent by the 
General inside of the enemy's lines, and succeeded in gaining much information in regard 
to their strength, position, etc. " 

"Where the flag waved the proudest, 
And the bullets came fast. 
All covered with glory, 
Death claimed liim at last." 

A correspondent of the New York Times wrote : 

"About midday, June 30, General Kilpatrick, with his command, was passing through 
Hanover, in York county, a town of about 3,000 inhabitants, and when the rear of General 
Farnsworth's brigade had arrived at the easterly end of the place, General Custer's brigade 
— the 1st, 5th, 6th, and 7th Michigan regiments — having advanced to Abbottsville, StuarL 
made a simultaneous attack upon the rear and right flank. The attack was entirely a 
surprise, as no enemy had been reported in the vicinity, and under an ordinary general or 
less brave troops, so sudden and impetuous was the first charge, the whole command 
would have been thrown into the wildest confusion, and as a necessary consequence 
suffered loss and disastrous defeat. The force was in the hands of a master. General 
Stuart in person led the charging column, and our troops were led by General Farnsworth 
and Major Hammond. For some time the contest hung in the balance, but General Cus- 
ter's brigade returning, after a severe struggle, which lasted nearly four hours, the enemy 
was forced to retire. 

"As the cavalry, by the battles of Aldie and XJpperville, prevented the rebel Stuart 
from marching his column through ^Maryland and Pennsylvania, by way of Edward's Ferry 
and Boonsborough, so did the whipping of him at Hanover prevent further marauding 
excursions toward the center of the State. 

"The column did not reach Hunterstown until 4 o'clock P. M. (on July 2d), when a 
squadron of the 18th Pennsylvania Cavalry, headed by Captain Estes, charged through 
and drove the enemy back upon his reserves to tlie Gettysburg road. After surveying 
the position. General Farnsworth's brigade was ordered on a road to the right leading to 
Cashtown, and General Custer's brigago was placed to the left. Company A, Captain 
Thompson, of the 6th Michigan, was ordered to charge upon the rebel force then in sight. 
At the same time two companies of the 0th were deployed as skirmishers in a wheat field 
obliquely to the road, so as to pour in a raking fire upon tlio enemy, should the force sent 
forward be repulscxl. The charge ordered was made. General Custer and Captain Thomp- 
son leading it. The company was repulsed and the enemy came charging down the road 
at a fearful rate, yelling like fiends. But their tune was soon changed. Two shells from 
Elder's battery, togcilier with a fiank lire from the Michiganders in the wheat field, soon 
brought them to an about face. Pennington's battery was soon in position, and a regular 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 587 

artillery duel commenced, and -was continued until after nightfall. Our Gro -was very 
destructive to the enemy, as prisoners of rank have since admitted. Captain Thompson 
was severely wounded, two men were killed, and some twenty-five were wounded. 

"The enemy's loss must have been very severe, for they left three dead Lieutenants 
on our hands and a dozen or more of their wounded. lu the charge made, a boy named 
Churchill, of the 1st Michii^an, took an active part, and succeeded in killing a man who 
was trying to kill General Custer, whose horse had been shot in the melee. 

"The brigade was heavily engaged at Gettysburg on the 3d July, and on the 4th en- 
tered on the pursuit of the enemy, marching via Emmettsburg, encountering him at Mon- 
terey on that day, and on the 5th at Grovetown; on the 6th at Snnthtown, Boousborough, 
Hagerstown, and ■\Villiamsport; on the 10th again at Hagerstown and Williamsport, and 
on the 14th at Falling Waters. 

"It was 4 o'clock P. M. when General Kilpatrick, with the main, column, reached the 
crest of the hill overlooking Williamsport on the Boonsborough i)ike. General Buford's 
command had been engaged with the enemy two or three miles to the loft for two or more 
hours. Major Medill, of the Eighth Illinois, had already fallen mortally wounded. Two 
pieces of Pennington's battery were placed on the brow of the hill to the right of the 
pike, and the other pieces to the left. A squadron of the 5th Michigan had previously 
charged down the pike, driving the enemy's picket and a battalion which occupied an 
advanced position. The 1st Michigan, Colonel Town, was deployed as skirmishers to the 
right, and ordered to drive the enemy from a brick house a little in advance and to the 
right of the artillery. Several unsuccessful attempts were made to obey this order, but 
before it could be done the brisk firing of the rear guard warned the commanding Gen- 
eral that his force occupied a dangerous position. Never was a command in a more cilti- 
cal situation. Never before was man cooler or did one display more real generalship than 
General Kilpatrick on this occasion. Tapping his boot with his whip and peering in the 
direction of the rapidly approaching force, he saw it falling back, apparently in some 
disorder. Not a moment was to be lost; inaction or indecision would have proved fatal, 
and the moral effect of a successful campaign destroyed in an hour. Fortunately, Gen- 
eral Kilpatrick was cool and defiant, and felt the responsibility resting upon him. This 
made him master of the situation, and by a dashing movement saved the cavalry corps 
from disaster. 

"All along the road to Williamsport prisoners were captured, and their rear guard was 
fairly driven into the river. The 5th Michigan Cavalry charged into the town and cap- 
tured a large number of soldiers, as they were attempting to ford the river. From thirty 
to fifty of the rebels were drowned while attempting to cross; twenty-five or thii'ty wag- 
ons and a large number of mules and horses were washed away. 

"Intelligence has just been received concerning the cavalry fight of yesterday near 
Hagerstown, with part of Stuart's forces, supported by infantry, which took up a strong 
position in the woods south of the town. After a determined resistance on their part, the 
arrival of General Buford, towards night, resulted in the gallant charge of our men. 
The 5th Michigan Cavalry (Colonel Alger), distinguished itself particularly upon the 
ground occupied by rebel infantry, driving them from the woods." 

Letter fioin Colonel Alger, dated Emmettsburg, Peiin., July 4tli, savs: 
"Major Ferry of our regiment was killed yesterday. We are passing through this place 
on our way towards the Upper Potomac, to cut off the enemy's communications. Wo 
had a terrible fight yesterday, but thanks to the ' God of Battles,' He crowned our arms 
with victory. The loss of the 5tli in killed, wounded, and missing, will not exceed fifty. 
Major L. S. Trowbridge had a horse killed under him. " 

A correspondent of the New York Times wrote : 

" Full justice, I have already said, in many instances, has not been rendered to regi- 
ments, and sometimes whole brigades, of our cavalry force, the services of which desei-ve 
more than a passing notice. Ofthe troops thus neglected, are the four regiments: 1st, 
5th, 6th. and 7th, known as the Michigan Brigade. Tliese regiments, taken as a whole, 
will compare favorably with any cavalry regiments. The officers and men for the most 
part are those who, by entering the service, made large sacrifices, and wlio were prompt- 
ed to the stop by as patriotic motives as ever inspired the breast of a true lover of his 
country. Soldiering with them is not a pastime, a spree, or a holiday, but a duly; and 
men thus animated, whatever they attempt to do is done well." 

lleturning to Virginia, the brigade was engaged at Snicker's Gap, July lOtb, 
1863, at Kelly's Ford, September loth, at Culpepper Court House on the 14th, 
at Ilacoon Ford, on the ICth, at White's Ford on the 21st, and on the 2Glh at 
Jack's shop. 



688 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

On Saturday, October 9th, the enemy, with cavalry, infantry, and artillery, 
attacked Kilpatrick's division, near James City, but were held in check during 
the day. Sunday the army was in motion, Kilpatrick slowly retreating, fight- 
ing as he always tights, right gallantly, against superior numbers, back through 
Culpepper towards the Kappahaunock, until he reached the vicinity of Brandy 
Station. As the head of Custer's brigade (then in advance) reached the high 
ground beyond that place, he found across the wide plain, noted as the scene 
of former severe cavalry battles, a long line of rebel cavalry drawn up under 
Fitzhugh Lee, evidently determined to prevent his further progress ; their 
numbers warranting them in the belief that they would be successful. Farther 
down to the right Buford was making glorious fight, his force being towards 
the river. General Custer obtained of General Pleasanton, who had taken 
command, permission to attempt to break the well formed lines of the enemy 
by a charge. Buford was fighting the right, while a long column of rebel 
cavalry was coming up from ihe left. Forming his brigade in two columns, 
led respectively by the 1st and 5th Michigan, General Custer ordered his band 
to the front, and placing them between the heads of the columns, directed 
them to play Yankee Doodle. They did it with a will. As the glorious strains 
of that national air broke upon the ears of the men of that brave brigade, their 
sabres with one accord seemed to leap from their scabbards, as they eagerly 
waited for the order to charge. Placing himself at the head, Custer gave the 
word, and with loud cheers they dashed forward with irresistible speed. 

In the meantime the enemy in the rear being temporarily checked, the other 
portion of the division was formed in two columns; one lead by General Pleas- 
anton, the other by General Kilpatrick, the three columns advancing together. 
It was a grand sight, those solid columns, led by those three gallant men, 
whose names are now as "familiar as household words," the glistening sabres, 
the trampling of many hoofs, the cheers of the men, and inspiring all, the loud 
clear notes of Custer's band, as they continued to play our favorite national 
air. It is needless to add, the enemy gave way, and they had uninterrupted 
passage to the river. General Custer had a horse shot (the second for him 
that day), as did Lieutenant Granger, and several of his orderlies. The horse 
of Captain Purdy, who led the 1st battalion of the 5th Michigan, was wounded. 

Under date of October 24th, 1863, covering operations of his cavalry during 
that month, General Custer in his report says: 

"In compliance with instructions received from tlie general commanding the division, 
I have the honor to submit the following report of the operations of my command Irom 
October 9th to October 23d, 18G3: 

" On the night of October 9th, my picket line, which extended along the north bank of 
Eobertson river, in the vicinity of James City, was attacked, and a portion of the line 
forced back upon the reserves; at the same time my scouts informed me that the enemy 
was moving in heavy column toward my right; this report was confirmed by deserters. 
In anticipation of an attack by the enemy at daybreak, I ordered my entire command to 
be saddled at 3 A. M., on flio lOlh. At daylight the enemy began by cautiously feeling 
jny line; but seeing his inability to surprise us, ho contented himself with obtaining pos- 
session of Cedar mountain, which point he afterwards used as a signal station. At 1 P. M. 
I received orders from the general commanding the division to report with my command 
at James City. The head of my column arrived in the vicinity of that point at 3 P. M. 
The enemy had already obtained possession of the town, and had brought several guns 
to bear upon the position I was ordered to take. Battery M, 2d U. S. Artilleiy, under 
command of Lieutenant Pennington, was unlimbered, and succeeded in shelling the 

At the eccoiid battle of lIap;ersto\vn, July lOtli, 1863, the rebels becoming panic-stricken, aban- 
doned their wugont*, annnunition, arms, tents, and even provisions. liuudrcds of them, fearing 
Kilpatrick's men, tied to the right and left to avoid thuir territic charges, and Bubsequcntly 
surrendered tlieniselves. One ainipping fellow 8urrcn<lercd to a little bugler wlio was attached 
to Ceneral Custer's brigade. As he passed down the line, escorting his prisoner, a Colt's re- 
volver ia hand, bo called out: "I say, boys, what do you think of this fellow?" 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 589 

enemy out of the woods on the right of the town. At the same time, Colonel Alger, of 
the 5th Michigan Cavalry, who held the extreme left of my line, moved forward with one 
battalion of his regiment, under the gallant Major Clark, and charged the battery. The 
charge, although daring in the extreme, failed for want uf suOicicnt support. It was suc- 
cessful so far, however, as to compel the enemy to sliift the position of its battery to a 
more retired point. Night setting in prevented us from improving the advantiigo wo had 
gained. Most of my command rested on tlieir arms during the night. Early in the 
morning I retired on the road leading to Culpepper, which point I reached without 
molestation from the enemy. It was not until the rear of my column was leaving the 
town that the enemy made his appearance, and attempted unsuccessfully to harass my 
rear guard. On the hills north of the town I placed my command in position to receive 
an attack. The enemy not feeling disposed to accept the invitation, I retired on the road 
leading to Rappahannock Station. My column had scarcely begun to march before the 
officer commanding the rear guard. Colonel Mann, of the 7th Michigan Cavalry, reported 
the enemy to bo pressing him closely. At the same time a strong column was seen on 
my outer flank, evidently attempting to intercept our line of march to the river. The 
vigorous attacks now being made upon my rearguard compelled me to place my battery at 
the head of the column, and to employ my entire force to keep the enemy from my guns. 
My advance had reached the vicinity of Brandy Station, when a courier hastened back 
with the information that a brigade of the enemy's cavalry was in position directly in my 
front, thus cutting us completely off from the river. Upon examination I learned the 
correctness of the report. The heavy masses of the rebel cavalry could bo seen cover- 
ing the heights in front of my advance. When it is remembered that my rear guard was 
hotly engaged with a superior force, a heavy column enveloping each flank, and my 
advance confronted by more than double my own number, the perils of my situation can 
be estimated. Lieutenant Pennington at once placed his battery in position and opened 
a brisk fire, which was responded to by the guns of the enemy. The major general com- 
manding the cavaliy corps at this moment rode to the advance. To him I proposed, 
with my command, to cut through the force on my front, and thus open a way for the 
entire command to the river. 

"My proposition was approved, and I received orders to take my available force and 
push foi-n-ard, leaving the 6th and 7th Michigan Cavalry to hold the force in rear in check. 
I formed the 5th Michigan Cavalry on my right, in column of battalions; on my left I 
formed the 1st Michigan in column of squadrons. After ordering them to draw their 
sabres, I informed them that we were surrounded, and all wo had to do was to open a way 
with our sabres. Thej' showed their determination and purpose by giving throe hearty 
cheers. At this moment the band struck up the inspiring air, 'Yankee Doodle,' which 
excited the enthusiasm of the entire command to the highest pitch, and made each indi- 
vidual member feel as if he was a host in himself. Simultaneously both regiments moved 
forward to the attack. It required but a glance at the countenances of the men to enable 
me to read the settled determination with wliich they undertook the work before them. 
The enemy, without waiting to receive the onset, broke in disorder and fied. After a 
series of brilliant charges, during which the enemy suffered heavily, we succeeded in 
reaching the river, which we crossed in good order. From the 11th to the loth instant 
my command was employed in picketing and guarding the llank and rear of the army. 
On the afternoon of the 15th, the brigade being posted on Bull Hun battle-ground, I 
detailed Major Kidd, with his regiment, the 6th Michigan Cavalry, to reconnoiter the 
position and strength of the enemy in the vicinity of GauiesvUle. The reconnoissanco 
was entirely satisfactory, and showed the enemy to be in considerable force at that point. 
Sunday, the 18th instant, at 3 P. M., the entire division was ordered to move on the pike 
leading from Groveton to Warrenton. The 1st brigade moved on the pike; the 2d moved 
on a road to the left of and parallel to the pike, but soon encountered the enemy and 
drove him as far as Gainesville, where the entire command bivouacked during the night. 
The 1st Vermont Cavalry, under Colonel Sawyer, deserves great credit for tlio rapidity 
with which they forced the enemy to retire. At daybreak on the morning of the 19th my 
brigade took the advance, and skirmished with the enemy's cavalry from Gauiesvillo to 
Buckland; at the latter point I found him strongly posted upon the south bank of Broad 
liun. The position for his artillery was well chosen. After a fruitless attempt to eCfect a 
crossing in his front, I succeeded in turning his left fhmk so completely as to force him 
from his position. Having driven him more tlian a mile from the stream, I tluew out my 
pickets and ordered my men to prepare tlieir tlinner. From the inhabitants of Buckland 
I learned that the forces of the enemy with whom wo had been engaged were commanded 
by General J. E. B. Stuart in person, who, at the lime of our arrival at that point, was 
seated at the dinner table, but owing to my successful advance ho was compelled to leave 
his dinner unfinished — a circumstance not regretted by that portion of my command into 
whose hands it fell. The 1st brigade took the advance. At this point I was preparing 



590 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

to follow, when information reached me that the enemy was advancing on my left from 
the direction of Greenwich. I had scarcely time to place my command in position to 
resist an attack from that direction before the enemy's skirmishers appeared. Penning- 
ton's batteiy opened upon them, while the 6th Michigan Cavaliy, under Major Kidd, was 
thrown forward and deployed as skirmishers. One gun of Pennington's battery, sup- 
ported by the 1st Vermont Cavahy, was placed on my extreme left. The 1st Michigan 
Cavalry, under Major Brewer, acted as a reserve, and as a support for the remaining five 
guns of the battery. The 7th Michigan Cavalry, under Colonel Mann, was engaged in 
the woods on my right. At first I was under the impression that the skirmishers were 
composed of dismounted cavalry, but later developments convinced me that it was a very 
superior force of infantry that now confronted me. After completing his disposition for 
attack, the enemy advanced upon me. In doing so he exposed a Mne of infantry of more 
than a mile in extent. At the same time he opened a heavy fire upon me from his 
artillery. Pennington's battery, aided by the 6th Michigan Cavalry, poured a destructive 
fire upon the enemy as he advanced, but failed to force him back. A desperate effort was 
made to capture my battery. Pennington continued to fire until the enemy was within 
twenty yards of his guns. He was then compelled to limber up and retire to the north 
bank of Broad Kun. The other portions of the command followed. The 1st Michigan 
Cavalry was intrusted with the duty of covering the movement— a task which was gal- 
lantly performed. My command being very exhausted, I retired to the vicinity of 
Gainesville, where I encamped for the night. Major Clark, 5th Michigan Cavalry, was 
detached from his regiment with one battahon. When the command retired to the north 
bank of Broad Eun, he, with a small portion of his battalion, became separated from the 
rest of the command, and were captured by the enemy. Computing my losses from the 
9th instant, I find them to be as follows : Nine men killed, 2 officers and 4l men wounded, 
8 officers and 154 men missing.* 

"Before closing my report, I desire to make honorable mention of the highly creditable 
manner in which both officers and men of my command have discharged their duty during 
the long and arduous marches, as well as the hard-fought engagements of the past few 
days. Too much praise cannot be given to the officers and men of Battery M, 2d Artillery, 
for the gallantry displaj'ed on more than one occasion. For the untiring zeal and energy, 
added to the unflinching bravery displayed in transmitting and executing my orders upon 
the field, my acknowledgements are due to the following members of my staff: Captain 
E. F. Judson, A. D. C; Lieutenant E. Bayless, A. A. D. C; Lieutenant "Wilham Colerick, 
A. D. C; and to Lieutenant E. G. Granger, A. A. A. G. Lieutenant Granger, while lead- 
ing a charge at Brandy Station, had his horse shot in two places. Surgeon Wooster of 
my staff, in addition to his professional duties, rendered me valuable assistance by aiding 
in transmitting my orders." 

A correspondent Detroit Free Press wrote : 

"The telegraph has already told you of the fight at Buckland's Mills, in which the 5th 
Michigan Cavaliy suffered a severe loss. That regiment, led by the brave Colonel, did all 
that men could do. Major Clark's battalion, consisting of companies B, E, G, and K, 
while dismounted were surrounded by overwhelming numbers, and Major Clark, Captain 
Lee, and Lieutenant Barse, and forty-eight men were captured. The conduct of these 
men, fighting when there was no hope of escape, pouring volley after volley fi-om their 
repeating rifles in the ranks of the enemj*, has made them tlie theme of universal praise; 
Lieutenant Barse, like a hon, holding out even against hope. Major Clark and Captain 
Lee were also brave and cool, causing their men to throw their rifles into the river when 
they could no longer use them, to keep them from the enemy." 

A correspondent New York Ileruld wrote : 

"Yesterday Kilpatrick, who held the advance of the army, found the rebels at Grove- 
ton. Skirmishing immediately took place the enemy falling back to Buckland's MiUs, 
■where he was found to be in strong force, consisting of infantry, artillery, and cavalry, 
posted on the opposite side of the Broad Eun. The 5th Michigan Cavalry, under com- 
mand of Colonel Alger, and the 6th Michigan were dismounted and deployed as skirmish- 
ers, using their celebrated weapon, the Spencer rifle, with deadly effect upon the enemy. 

♦Colonel George G. liriKps, then first lieutenant and adjutant, and Ueutcnant Koswell H. 
Holmes, both of the Ttli Michigan Cavalry, were taken jnisoners by the enemy, at Buckland's 
Mills, Va., in ISC.'!, and remained in their hands for two days and nights. ^Vhcn being conveyed to 
the rear of the rebel army, in company with about one hundred other i)risoncrs, they were filaced 
the second night in an old barn, strongly guarded, louring a heavy storm that occurred at about 1 
O'clock in theinoriiing, ihey both succeeded in cfl'ecting their escai)e from the barn by running the 
guard. 1'hey were five days and nights williin the rebel lines, and had many narrow escajics from 
recapture, suffering much from cold and hunger, and were only able to reach the Union lines by 
sighc marches, and the greatest precaution. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 591 

" The skirmishing continued about an hour, when Colonel Alger, at the head of his regi- 
ment, made a gallant charge, driving the enemy bevond, some two miles. 

" General Custer commanding the 2d Brigade, of which the 5th and 6th formed a part, 
here halted his command, and Colonel Davis with the 1st Brigade took the advance. Sud- 
denly the enemy appeared on the lelt flank in strong force, thereby cutting off the force 
of Colonel Alger and the brigade of Colonel Davis, at this time some three miles in advance 
of him. The brunt of the attack now fell on the 5th Michigan, which Colonel Alger met 
with his usual intrepidity and skill. Fighting step by step he retired under a galling fire, 
and succeeded in reaching the river, the men swimming their horses across, with but 
slight loss in kUled and Tvounded. 

"The rebels harassed this command during theu: retirement with repeated and 
rapid discharges from over twelve pieces of artillery. Colonel Davis in the meantime 
succeeded in bringing off his brigade by way of Haymarket, likewise with but slight loss, 
and linally took cover under support of the infantry. General Kilpatrick then rctii'od witk 
his command to Gainesville, by way of Warrenton and Centerville pike. 

" The loss of the 5th Michigan was about twelve in killed and wounded, but they lost 
rather heavily in prisoners, a number being supposed to be captured when the regiment 
■was cut off. Major Clark, Captain Lee, and Adjutant BayUss of this regiment are known 
to have been made prisoners, and Adjutant Maynard of the 1st Michigan Cavalry, slightly 
wounded in the calf — a flesh wound. 

"It is wonderful that our loss is so slight, the enemy being in such overwhelming 
strength, and to the gallantry and abihty of Kilpatrick, Custer, and Alger— the last par- 
ticularly distinguished himself— can be imputed the fortunate termmation of this affair. 

"One battalion of the 5th Michigan was cut off from the regiment, and the men have 
been coming in from time to time, which leaves the number missing at between forty and 
fifty men. 

" Lieutenant White of this battalion, who made his escape, reports that he left the bat- 
talion entirely surrounded. The men were still fightmg, although with no hope of cutting 
their way through. " 

After the severe engagement at Buckland's Mills, the regiment met the 
enemy at Steveusburg, November 19th, and on the 26th at Morton's Ford. 

On the 28th of February, 18G4, the brigade broke camp at Stevensburg, 
Virginia, and started on the cavalry raid to Richmond under General Kilpat- 
rick. Starting on Sunday, February 28th, at 3 A. M., with a force of 5,000 
cavalry, specially selected with regard to both men and horses, from tlie divis- 
ions of Merritt and Gregg, with rations but for a day or so, the intention 
being to subsist on the enemy's country. In this selection were included 
detachments from the 1st, 5th, Gth, and 7th Michigan Cavalry, in command 
respectively of Colonels Stagg, Gould, Kidd, and Litchfield. The raid was 
successful so far as cutting several railroads between General Lee's army and 
Eichmond, but failed in the main object — the release of the Union prisoners 
in Richmond. 

The command proceeded to the Rapidan, crossing at Ely's Ford. From 
thence the column marched to Spottsylvania Court House, reaching there 
without encountering the enemy. 

From Spottsylvania to the end of his daring journey he was more or less 
harassed by the rebels. At Spottsylvania the force was divided into different 
parties who were to scour the country as they proceeded toward the common 
center, Richmond. Every road was to be carefully scouted, that no concealed 
foes, even in small numbers, should be left behind so as to concentrate and 
worry him. 

Ou Monday they reached the Virginia Railroad, and tore up the track in 
four i)laces, destroying whatever property was found, reaching Fredericks llall, 
whicii they left on Monday, pusliing on for Riclimond. A detaclimont of 
500 under Col. Dahlgreen kept well to the right in the direction of Louisa 
Court House, while General Kilpatrick with the main body moved u[)on Ash- 



592 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

land, both parties scouring the country thoroughly, and doing all possible 
damage. 

As the forces neared Richmond the two main parties began concentrating. 
Colonel Dahlgreen was to move to the right of Richmond, and destroy as 
much of the James canal as possible, then taking the river road, was to cross 
if practicable and enter the city from the south side, and attempt the deliver- 
ance of the prisoners on Belle Isle. 

General Kilpatrick with the main body, was to attack the city by the Brook 
turnpike, simultaneously if possible with the other movement. It was hoped 
to reach the city on Monday night, or early the following morning, when a 
partial if not a total surprise could be effected. 

Unfortunately Colonel Dahlgreen had taken a negro to pilot him to Rich- 
mond. His detachment had rapidly moved across the country, destroying 
everything which could be of service to the enemy. Pushing on, Dahlgreen 
had discovered that his negro guide had betrayed him, and led him toward 
Goochland instead of Richmond, and Tuesday midnight found himself ten 
miles in just the opposite direction from that which he wished to take. The 
negro was promptly hanged for his baseness. 

This treachery exasperated the command so much that burning buildings 
and everything of use to the rebels was in order, among which were the out- 
buildings of John A. Seddon, the rebel Secretary of War, and it was perhaps 
fortunate that the gentleman himself was not present. Retracing his steps, 
Colonel Dahlgreen marched down the river road, destroying the Dover Flour 
Mills, several private flouring establishments and saw mills. His force also 
did considerable injury to the James River canal, burning canal boats and 
seriously damaging one or two locks. 

They did not reach the immediate vicinity of Richmond until afternoon, 
when everybody was on the alert, Kilpatrick having already made his attack. 

Colonel Dahlgreen's detachment was divided for the accomplishment of dif- 
ferent objects. One party attempted to cross the river, but were repulsed. A 
very sharp fight ensued, and, finding the enemy in superior numbers and 
confronting them on every road, the whole force was compelled to fall back. 

In attempting to cut their way out, Dahlgreen with about one hundred and 
fifty men got separated from the rest. In cutting his way out he encountered 
the enemy at Walkertown; meeting the force, he demanded their surrender, 
when his small command was fired upon, Dahlgreen falling at the first fire, 
receiving two bullets in the head, two in the body and one in the hand, dying 
instantly. 

"Ulric Dahlgreen, in the stoiy 

Of thy country's grief and wrong. 
Thine shall stand a name of glory, 
Bright in history and song." 

Meanwhile General Kilpatrick had advanced down the Brook turnpike from 
Ashland, destroying railroad and telegraph. At one of the stations, however, 
the operator succeeded in sending a dispatch to Richmond, announcing that 
the Yankees were coming. Soon a dozen field pieces were put in battery and 
a new entrenchment thrown up, awaiting Kilpatrick's arrival. 

The troops reached the outer fortifications early on Tuesday morning, and 
as the spires and houses of the city came in view, cheer upon cheer went up 
from our men. Riding rapidly toward the city, the outer line of works was 
reached and entered. The rebels therein threw down their arms, many of 
khem surrendering and others taking to their heel.s. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 093" 

A fight then ensued for the next lino, but the batteries were too much for 
them, and so witii his battery Kilpatrick opened upon them and the city. 

There is no doubt that the men would have dashed upon and over everything 
that stood in their way, so enthusiastic had they become ; but General Kilpat- 
rick acted the wiser i)art, and as tlie shrill whistle of tlie locomotive told of 
the bringing up of reinforcements from Pickett's brigade at Bottom's Bridge 
and vicinity, he reluctantly gave the order to move toward Mechanicsville. 

From a report of the olUcer in command of the 5th Michigan regarding the 
part taken by his regiment in that affair : 

"Taking part in tho raid made by tho cavalry under General Kilpatrick to the outer 
defenses of liichmond, the main body of the regiment crossed tho liapidan, and moved 
via Spottsylvania and Beaver Dam Station to Hungary Station, and thence down tho 
Brook turnpike to within five miles of the city of Eichmond. Being here attacked, ilarch 
2d, by a large body of tho enemy's forces, the Union cavalry were obliged to retire. Tho 
main "body of the regiment joined General Butler's forces at New Kent C. H. A detach- 
ment of the regiment had accompanied the force under Colonel Ulric Dahlgreen, march- 
ing via Frederick's Hall Station to Dover's Mill, twelve miles above Eichmond, on the 
James river, where it arrived on the 2d of March. The command then moved down to 
within live miles of Eichmond, the detachment being in the advance, and charging tho 
enemy's Unes near tho city, drove them from their first line of fortifications. Following 
up the movement, the command drove tho enemy from one line to another until a point 
was reached within two miles of the city, when it was found impossible to advanco 
further with so small a force. Eetreating from in front of the city, the command endeav- 
ored to force its way to the Union forces beyond the Chickahommy. The detachment of 
the 5th, with another portion of the command, became separated in the night, which was 
cold, rainy, and very dark, from the main body under Dahlgreen. Although attacked by 
the rebels, who were posted in strong force near Old Church, they succeeded in cutting 
their way through and in joining the regiment near "White House Landing on tho follow- 
ing day. At Yorktown, on the 11th, the regiment embarked on transports for Alexandria, 
whence it moved to Stcvensburg, where it arrived April 18th. " 

The commanding officer of the Gth Michigan says of his regiment in the 
same affair: 

" On the 2Sth of February, leaving camp at Stevensburg, it started on the cavalry raid 
to Eichmond under General Kilpatrick. Its division being attaclced near Meehanicsvilo 
on the night of the 2d of March, it was obliged to retire, a portion of the Cth Cavalry 
■ forming a part of the rear guard. Having succeeded in joining tlie forces at New Kent 
Court House, the regiment moved down the Peninsula, and embarking on transports, 
proceeded to Alexandria, whence it returned to its former camp at Stevensburg. " 

In the report of the 7th Cavalry is found the following: 

" This regiment, on the 7th of November, 18G3, joined the advance of tho Army of tho 
Potomac toward the Eappaliannock. On the morning of the 2Gth it crossed tho enemy's 
rifle-pits near Morton's Ford, and moving forward captured prisoners from the roar of tho 
rebel column. It was employed on picket duty until tho 28th of February, when it 
started on the ' Kilpatrick raid.' On the afternoon of tlio 2'Jtli it arrived at Beaver Dam Sta- 
tion, on tlie Virginia Central railroad, after a twenty-hours' march, and assisted in burning 
tho station and destroying the track. Eesuming the march, it arrived before Eichmond ou 
the afternoon of the next day, and while on picket during tho nigiit was attacked by a 
superior force. After a desperate fight, being unsupported, it was obliged to retire, with 
a loss in missing of 4.4:, among whom was its commanding oflicer, Lioulonant Colonel A. 
C. Litchfield, who' was taken prisoner. Having reached Yorktown, tlio command moved 
from thence to Alexandria by transports, and marched to its former camp near Stevens- 
burg. " 

From an official report in relation to the same affair: 

"In the dead of tho night Wado Hampton's whole division charged our camp, and 
forty-one of our best men were either killed or taken prisoners. Colonel Litchfield mado 
a most heroic and gallant effort at tlio head of his men to check tho rebel advance, deal- 
ing death and destruction in tho ranks of the enemy; tho last ball in his revolver wiuj sent 
through a rebel brain at the moment he was seized by three others and borne down. Ho 
was not wounded, as at first reported. Captain John Clark was also lost at tliis time, 
probably made a prisoner. " 

75 



594 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

From the New York Times : 

"At night the command went into camp at a place sis miles from Eichmond and two 
miles from the Chickahominy; at 11 o'clock, just as the command was fairly asleep, except 
those on duty, the i-ebels opened a two-gun battery on the camp of General Davis's 
brigade, and immediately after charged the camp of the 7th Michigan. The mes, although 
taken entirely by surprise, seized their carbines, and under Colonel Litchfield, supported 
by the 1st Vermont, Colonel Preston, handsomely repulsed the enemy. Several men 
were wounded, and Colonel Litchfield is missing and it is feared is also wounded. Gen- 
eral Kilpatrick decided to move across to White House and down the Peninsula. During 
the day Captain Mitchell, of the 2d New York, with the bulk of Colonel Dahlgreen's com- 
mand, I'ejoined the main column. The enemy Tuesday night and all day Wednesday hov- 
ered about the command; skirmishing was almost constantly going on in different direc- 
tions. 

"Wednesday morning, at about 9 o'clock, a large force of the enemy's cavalry came 
upon the rear of the command. General Kilpatrick was not unprepared for this and 
decided to give them battle. The 1st Vermont, under Colonel Preston, ably assisted 
by Captains Grant and Cummings and the 1st Maine, bore the brunt of this fight, 
which lasted something over an hour, while the 6th Michigan and other regiments of 
General Davis's brigade were in position to render whatever assistance might be neces- 
sary. 

" Thursday morning Kilpatrick moved toward New Kent Court House, and on the way 
met Colonel Speer in command of a cavalry force looking after Kilpatrick's command." 

An officer of the 5th Cavalry relates the following : 

" On General Kilpatrick's retreat from Eichmond after his unsuccessful attempt on that 
place, the command had bivouacked for the night, expecting to be attacked at any 
moment, being almost entirely surrounded, as Pickett's division of infantry were follow- 
ing in rear, with Fitzhugh Lee's cavalry on the right and Hill's cavahy on the left. At 1 
o'clock A. M. Kilpatrick held a council of his officers, explaining their condition and stat- 
ing that he was unable to decide what road to take, not being able to recognize any known 
land mark. All realized their dangerous position and were most anxious for a ' Path- 
finder,' which, providentially, soon made an appearance in the person of an old negro. 
As he approached the camp-fire, one of Kilpatrick's aids said to him, ' Uncle, can you tell 
us where Tunstall's Station is?' He replied, 'Bress your heart, Cap'n, you are within 
half a mile of it.' Tunstall's had been a station on the York Pdver and Eichmond rail- 
road, but over a year before had been, with all the surrounding buildings, burned and the 
rails and ties carried off, and with one year's growth of vegetation could hardly be found 
by any person not familiar with the locality. 

"When the colored man pointed out the cross roads there was a universal shout in 
camp. 

" The command started for Louisa Court House, and upon arriving there found, with 
joy and surprise, a division of Butler's colored troops. The boys were then all glad to 
shout agiiin for the ' darkey.' " 

After a few hours' rest Kilpatrick continued his retreat for Yorktown, cov- 
ered by the colored troops. 

Fortress Monroe, ) 
March S, 1864. f 
To Hon. E. M. Stanton : 

The Eichmond papers give an account of Colonel Dahlgreen's death and Major Cook's 
capture. The paper also says that the Confederates have ordered all of General Kilpat- 
rick's officci's whom they have captured to bo placed in irons. 

B. F. BUTLEE. 

Three hundred and seventy of the 1st Cavalry having re-enlisted as veter- 
ans, it started for home on the 21st of December, arriving in Detroit on the 
7th of January, 18G4. It left its rendezvous at Kalamazoo, at the expiration 
of the furlouglis, reporting at Camp Stoneman, D. C, on the 1st of March, 
where it was newly equipped before going into the field. Here it joined the 
new battalion which had been mustered in at Mt. Clemens, in December pre- 
vious. This regiment being absent from the field in Michigan on veteran fur- 
lougli, did not ])articipate in the "Kilpatrick raid," but returned in time to 
enter on the great campaign of 1804, under General Grant. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 595 

Entering the campaign of 1SG4, the brigade crossed the Rapidan on the 5th 
of May, with the Army of the Potomac. 

General Caster, in a report dated July 4, 18G4, covering the operations of 
his command in that campaign, says: 

"In obedience to the instructions of the general commanding the division, I havo the 
honor to submit the following report of tlie operations of this brigade from May 4th to 
June 30th. On the 4.th of May this brigade left camp near Culpepper and marched to 
Stony Mountain, where it encamped during the night, picketing from the Mountain to the 
Kapidan, At 3 o'clock on the following morning the march was resumed in tlio direction 
of Germania Ford; the point of crossing was afterwards changed to Ely's Ford, from 
which point we moved to Chancellorsville, and encamped about one mile beyond on the 
Fredericksburg plank road. At 2 o'clock on tlie morning of the Cth wo moved by the Fur- 
nace road to its intersection with the Brock pike, taking a position to hold the intersection. 
Communication was also opened with General Gregg's division, which was then at Todd's 
Tavern. "While in position at the cross-roads an order was received from the division 
commander, directing me to take the 1st and 2d brigades and move out on the Brock pike 
for the purpose of harassing Lougstreet's corps, which was reported to bo moving on 
Hancock's left flank. Before the order could be executed, my pickets on the Brock pike, 
under Captain Maxwell, 1st Michigan, were driven in, and a large force of the enemy's 
cavalry appeared on my front. Most of my command were concealed by the woods, only 
the pickets and reserve being visible to the enemy. This fact induced the enemy to 
charge; but the 1st Michigan, under Lieutenant Colonel Stagg, charged the enemy's 
advancing column and repulsed him handsomely, kiUing and wounding a large number of 
the enemy. My entire line was then thrown forward and advantageously posted in a 
ravine fronting an extended open country. The enemy made repeated and desperate 
efforts to drive me from this position, but was defeated each time with heavy loss. Fail- 
jng to dislodge me by attackhig my front, he moved a hea%'y force of dismounted men 
through the woods on my right, intending to turn my right flank and gain possession of 
the Furnace road in my rear. Discovering this movement I sent the 5th Michigan Cav- 
alry, Colonel Alger commanding, and the 0th Michigan Cavalry, Major Kidd commanding, 
to check tlie advance of the enemy, and if possible drive him into the open country 
beyond. About this time Colonel Devin reported to me with the 2d brigade. A section 
of artillery, sent to me by General Gregg, also arrived. Eight guns were placed in a 
favorable position for silencing the guns of the enemy. I directed Colonel Devin to sup- 
port the battery placed in position with one of his regiments. The 17th Pennsylvania was 
sent, dismounted, into the woods on my right, to reinforce the 5th and Cth Michigan Cav- 
alry, which at this time were hard pressed by the enemy. "With the remaining portion of 
his command. Colonel Devin was instructed to protect and to hold the left flank. "When 
these dispositions were completed, I ordered the battery of eight guns to fire as rapidly 
as they could bo loaded and aimed, while the three regiments dismounted on my right 
were ordered to advance. Captain Maxwell, 1st Michigan, with one squadron, charged 
the enemy in front. Tlic enemy, after contesting the ground obstinately, were driven 
from the field in great disorder, leaving his dead and many of his wounded upon the 
ground. "We also captured a considerable number of prisonei's, who informed us that we 
had been engaged with Fitz Hugh Lee's division of cavaky. Orders having been received 
not to pursue the enemy beyond this point, we remained on the field until near night, 
establishing communication in the meanwhile with the left of the 2d corps. Just before 
dark I received orders to withdraw my command and encamp near the Furnace. On the 
morning of the 7th we reoccupied the ground we held the day before. Upon arriving at 
the intersection of the Furnace road and the Brock pike, the 1st Michigan was thrown 
forward to hold the road leading to Todd's Tavern. The enemy were encountered in 
heavy force about three-fourths of a mile beyond the cross-roads. A portion of the 1st 
Michigan was dismounted, and advanced through the woods on both sides of the road, 
while the remainder of the regiment, under Captain Brevoort, moved up the road, mounted. 
Alter a short but severe engagement the enemy was driven back towards Todd's Tavern, 
which point was soon after occupied by our forces under General Gregg, whoso right 
flank connected with my left. But little fighting occurred on my front during the remain- 
der of that day. On the 8th we moved from Todd's Tavern to ' Silver,' a point on the 
Fredericksburg plank road, where the entire corps was massed. At dayhglit on the 
morning of the 9th the corps started on the ' llichmond raid,' this brigade being in advance. 
After a short halt at Childsbury, where tlie tlivision was massed, wo moved on the road 
leading to Beaver Dam Station, on the Virginia Central railroad. Just befi>re reaching 
the North Anna river, the advance guard reported a train of tlio enemy's ambulances to 
be in sight. Major Brewer, of the 1st Michigan Cavalry, with one battalion of his regi- 
ment, was ordered to push foi'ward and capture them; after which he was to move rapidly 



I 



596 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

on Beaver Dam Station, the remainder of the brigade to follow closely in support. Before 
reaching the station, the advance encountered a considerable force of the enemy, con- 
ducting" upwards of 400 Union prisoners to Richmond. Major Brewer gallantly charged 
the enemy, and succeeded in recapturing all our men and quite a number of their captors. 
Among the recaptured men of our army wcis one colonel, two lieutenant colonels, and a 
considerable number of captains and lieutenants, all belonging to infantry regnnents, and 
having been captured during the battles of the Wilderness. Pressing on we obtained 
possession of Beaver Dam Station, where we captured three trains and two first-class 
locomotives. The trains were heavily laden with supplies for the army. In addition, we 
captured an immense amount of army supplies, consisting of bacon, flour, meal, sugar, 
molasses, liquors, and medical stores; also several hundred stand of arms, and a large 
number of hospital tents, the whole amounting to several miUions of dollars. 

"Alter supplying my command with all the rations they could transport, I caused the 
remainder to be burned. I also caused the railroad track to be destroyed for a consider- 
able distance. The enemy made frequent attempts during the night to drive me from 
the station, but were unsuccessful. On the following day this command moved with the 
corps to the south bank of the South Anna, crossing at Ground Squirrel Bridge. On the 
11th the enemy's cavalry, under Major General J. E. B. Stuart, was met at Yellow 
Tavern, near the intersection of the Telegraph road and Brock pike. The 2d and reserve 
brigades were first engaged; afterwards the brigade Avas thrown in on the left of the 
reserve brigade, connecting on my left with the right of the 3d division. The enemy was 
strongly posted on a bluff in the rear of a thin skirt of woods, his battery being concealed 
from our view by the woods, while they had obtained a perfect range of my position. 
The edge of the woods nearest to my front was held by the enemy's dismounted men, 
■who poured a heavy fire into my lines. The 5th and Gth Michigan were ordered to dis- 
mount and drive the enemy from his position, which they did in the most gallant manner, 
led by Colonel Alger, of the 5th, and Major Kidd, of the Gth. Upon reaching the woods 
I directed Colonel Alger to establish the 5th and Gth upon a line near the skirts of the 
Avoods and hold his position until further orders. From a personal examination of the 
ground, I discovered that a successful charge might be made upon the battery of the 
enemy by keeping well to the right. With this intention I formed the 1st Michigan Cav- 
alry in column of squadrons under cover of the woods. At the same time I directed 
Colonel Alger and Major Kidd to move the 5th and Gth Michigan Cavalry forward and 
occupy the attention of the enemy on the left, Heaton's battery to engage them in front, 
while the 1st charged the battery on the flank. The bugle sounded the advance, and the 
three regiments moved forward. As soon as the 1st Jlichigan moved from the cover of 
the woods the enemy divined our intention, and opened a brisk fire from his artillery with 
shell and canister. Before the battery of the enemy could be reached there were five 
fences to be opened and a bridge to cross over, Avhicli it was impossible to pass more 
than three at one time, the intervening ground being within close range of the enemy's bat- 
tery. Yet, notwithstanding these obstacles, the 1st Michigan, Lieutenant Colonel Stagg 
commanding, advanced boldly to the charge, and when AviLhin 200 yards of the battery 
charged it Avith a yell Avhich spread terror before them. Two pieces of cannon, two lim- 
bers filled with ammunition, and a lai-ge number of prisoners Avere among the results of 
this chai'ge. While it is impossible to mention all the names of the officers of the 1st 
Michigan Avho distinguished themselves by their gallantry in this charge, I cannot forbear 
from referring specially to the conduct of Major HoAvrigan, of this regiment, A\'hose 
bravery on this occasion rendered him conspicuous. He Avas the first to reach the rebel 
battery, and in doing so received a Avound in the^arm. Lieutenant Colonel Stagg, Avho 
commanded the 1st Michigan in the charge, Avith the officers and men of his command, 
deserve great credit for the daring maimer in Avhich the rebel battery Avas taken. The 
assistance of the 5th and Gth Michigan Cavalry, by engaging the enemy in front, Avas also 
most important. After the enemy Avas driven across a deep ravine, about a quarter of a 
mile beyond the position held by his battery, he rallied and re-formed his forces, and 
resisted successfully the further advance of the 1st Michigan. The 7th Michigan, com- 
manded by Major Granger, Avas ordered forward at a trot, and Avhen near the enemy's 
position Avas ordered to charge AA'ith draAvn sabres. Major Granger, like a true soldier, 
placed himself at the head of his m(;n, and led them up to the very muzzles of the 
enemy's guns; but, notAvithstanding the heroic efforts of this gallant officer, the enemy 
held his position, and the 7th Michigan Avas compelled to retire; but not until the chivalric 
Granger had fallen, pierced througli the head and heart by the bullets of the enemy. He 
fell, as the Avarrior loves to fall, Avith his face to tlie foe. The united efforts of the 1st, 
5th, Gth, and 7th, assisted by Heaton's battery, and the 1st Vermont, under the gallant 
Colonel Preston, proved sufiicient, after a short contest, to rout the enemy and drive him 
from his position. His defeat Avas complete. He fled, leaving a large number of dead 
and Avounded in our hands. Among the dead Avas the body of the notorious Colonel 
Henry Clay Pate. Prom facts obtained on the battle-field, and from information derived 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 597 

since, I have reason to believe tliat tlio rebel General J. E. B. Stuart* received his death 
■wound from the hand of Private John A. Huff, of Company E, 5th Michigan Cavalry, who 
has since died from a wound received at Hawe's Shop. After tho enemy had been driven 
across tlio upper Chiclialiominy, this command remained upon tho battle-gi'ound until 
after midnight, when it moved, in rear of other portions of the command, towards Meadow 
Bridge, by way of tho Brook turnpiice. On arriving near the bridge this brigade was 
ordered by the major general commanding the corps to take tho advance and open the 
way across the Chickahominy at this point. The enemy, after destroying the bridge, 
had taken a very strong position upon the opposite side, from which they commanded the 
bridge and its approaches by artillery, infantry, and dismounted cavalry. Tho 5th Michi- 
gan, under Colonel Alger, was dismounted and crossed tho river on tho railroad bridge, a 
short distance below. The 6th Michigan, under Major Kidd, also crossed tho same 
bridge, dismounted. These two regiments advanced far enough to protect tho pioneers 
while building the bridge. This being done, the 7th Michigan, two regiments from Col- 
onel Devin's brigade, and two regiments from General Mcrritt's brigade, crossed the 
bridge to the support of the 5th and Gth Michigan. The enemy had imj)roved tho natural 
strength of his position by heavy breastworks. After a hard contest, from which wo 
suffered severely, the enemy was driven from his position, leaving his dead and wounded 
in our hands. His retreat was so rapid that pursuit by dismounted men was impossible, 
and the 1st Michigan, supported by the regiments of the reserve brigade, commanded by 
Colonel Gibbs, was sent forward, and drove tho enemy for two miles, returnmg with 
many prisoners. 

"In this engagement the enemy lost heavily in officers; among others, General Gordon, 
jnortally wounded. From this point the entire command moved to Gaines's Mills, this 
brigade being in advance, when the entire command encamped for the night. Tho follow- 
ing morning. May 13th, wo marched to Bottom's Bridge and encamped. May 14th we 
arrived at Malvern Hill and opened communication witji General Butler's forces. May 
17th, about dark, started on our return to the army. May 18th crossed the Chickahom- 
iny at Jones's Bridge, and about 2 P. M. reached Baltimore Cross-roads, when wo 
encamped until the '2Uth. This brigade was then detached from the corps for the purpose 
of destroying the Eichmond, Fredericksburg, and Virginia Central Baih'oads at their 
crossing of the South Anna. On the morning of the same day reached Hanover Court 
House, where we burned two trestle bridges over Hanover creek, and destroyed about 
one mile of railroad at that place, capturing some commissary stores at the station. Not 
deeming it advisable to encamp at that point, we marched back to Hanover town. The 
next morning returned to Hanover Court House, when we ascertained that a brigade of 
rebel cavairj' had occupied the town that niglit, and had retired in the direction of Hanover 
Junction. A heavy fol'ce of the enemy, consisting of infantry, cavalry, and artillery, was 
also reported at the railroad bridge on the South Anna. Leaving tho Gth and 7th Michi- 
gan to hold the cross-roads at Hanover Court House, the 1st and 5th Michigan were 
ordered to move in the direction of the South Anna and ascertain the strength and position 
of the enemy. They had not proceeded beyond two miles when tlie enemy was discovered 
in strong force in front, wliile a heavy column of his was reported to be moving on our 
left flank. Not desiring to bring on an engagement at this point, and having accompUshed 
■the main object of tho expedition, the command was withdrawn and rejoined tho division 
the following day at the "White House, where we crossed the Pamunky about dark, and 
encamped about one nnle from tho river. May 23d marched to Herring Creek and 

*The 5th Itegimcnt )i;ul charged through and driven the enemy out of tho llrst lino of woods 
near " Yellow Tavern," and hud reached an open space, when tho command was given to cense 
firing; just at that instant a rebel ollicer, who afterwards proved to be; General J. K. B. btuart, 
rode up with his stall' to within about eighty rods of our line, when a shot was Jlred by a man of 
the 5th. John A. Hull", of Company E, remarked to him, " Tom, you shot too low and to tho left;" 
then, turning round to Colonel Alger, who was near him, he said: "Colonel, I can fetch that man." 
The Colonel replied, "Try him." He took deliberate aim across a fence and llrcd. Tho ollicer 
fell. Huff turned round to the Colonel and coolly said: "Tliere's a spread-eagle for you." 

Huff had won the llrst ])rizc for shooting while serving in lienlan's .Shari)-sliooter8, and was a 
most remarkable shot. He was from Wacomb county, Michigan, and died Juno '23d, 1S(>4, of wounds 
received in action at Hawe's Shop, on tho 1st of that month. 

Pollard, in his "Lost Cause," says of the death of General J. E. B. Stuart: "An expedition of 
Federal cavalry, commanded by General Sheridan, was directed to make a bold dasli aroun'l I-eo's 
Hank towards llichmond. It passed around the right fiank of tho Confederates to tho North Anna 
river; committed some damage at Leaver Dam; moved thenco to tho South Anna and Ashland 
Station, where the railroad was destroyed; and linally found its way to tho James river, where It 
joine-l the forces of Butler. On Way 10th a portion of Sheridan's command, under (;ustcr and 
JNlerrill, were encountered by a body of Stuart's cavalry near Ashland, at a place called Yellow 
Tavern, on the road to Kichmond. An engagement took place here. In a desperate charge, at tho 
head of a column, General Stuart fell terribly wounded. Ho was immediately taken to Kichmond, 
and every effort made to save his valuable life, but in vain; ho died tho ne.\t day." 

A Kichmond paper of tho day following tho death of Stuart, which was read by ofllccrs of tho Bth 
Cavalry, gave an account of the affair, corresponding exactly with tho facts as made In the Unlou 
atatemeut, Pollard's history to the contrary notwithstanding. 



598 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

encamped about two miles from Dunkirk. The following day marched to near Milford 
Station. May 25th we rejoined the army of the Potomac. May 26th we broke camp and 
marched until midnight, reaching Barney's Ferry, on the Pamunky. The Ferry was 
held by a portion of Butler's brigade of the enemy's cavalry. The 1st Michigan, under 
command of Lieutenant Colonel Stagg, was ordered to drive the enemy from the banks, 
and cover the laying of the pontoon bridge. After a brisk engagement we obj;ained pos- 
session of the opposite bank of the river, capturing a number of prisoners. After the 
bridge was completed the whole command crossed, this brigade being in the advance. 
At Hanover town this brigade was divided, the 1st and 6th Michigan moving up the direct 
road to Hanover Court House, the 5th and 7th taking a road to the left, leading to Hawes's 
Shop. The 1st and 6th had proceeded but a short distance from Hanover town when 
they encountered a superior force of the enemy's cavalry, dismounted and holding the 
woods on each side of the road. The enemy, by his superiority in numbers, and his 
advantage in position, successfully checked the further advance of the 1st and 6th Michi- 
gan until, ascertaining the fact, I ordered the 5th and 7th to move by a road leading from 
Hawes's Shop to the rear of the enemy's position. A considerable force of the enemy 
was found holding this road; but the advance of the 5th Michigan, under Captain Hast- 
ings, supported by the main body of the regiment under Captain Magoffin, charged and 
drove them in great disorder. Upon arriving near Crump Creek, the enemy took up a 
new position and attempted to prevent our further advance. The 5th Michigan was dis- 
mounted and deployed on the right, while the 7th Michigan charged with the sabre on the 
left. The enemy, not waiting to receive our charge, fled in confusion across Crump 
Creek, followed iDy the 7th Michigan, which charged them three miles, I'eturning with a 
large number of prisoners. The position now held by the 5th Michigan was almost in 
rear of that portion of the enemy confronting the 1st and 6th Michigan. My diminished 
numbers and the exhaustion of both men and horses prevented me from making an 
attack upon the enemy's rear. I contented myself by making a diversion in favor of the 
1st and 6th Michigan, the effect of which was to relieve them from the presence of the 
enemy in their front who, estimating the force in their rear to be a vastly superior one, 
gave way in a disorderly rout. The 1st and 6th Michigan were moved forward and united 
with the 5th and 7th Michigan, when we took up a position on Crump Creek. We 
encamped on Crump Creek until the following morning, when the 2d division being 
attacked by the whole force of cavalry of the enemy, we Avere ordered to General Gregg's 
assistance. After marching to Hawes's Shop, we moved down the Richmond road near 
the vicinity of Eanon Clmrch. Owing to the thick woods and dense underbrush (in front 
of the enemy's position) it was impossible to maneuver the command mounted. The 
entire brigade was therefore dismounted and formed in line, crossing the road at right 
angles, the IsL and 6th Michigan being formed on the right of the road, the 5th and 7th 
Michigan on left of the road, the left of the 6th connecting with the right of the 7th. In 
this manner the brigade moved forward until near General Gregg's line of battle, when 
a gap was opened in his line for our occupation. By this time the engagement had 
become general throughout the entii-e line and the firing very heavy. 

" Severe losses had been inllictcd on both sides without decided advantage to either. 
As soon as all necessary disposition had been made this brigade moved forward and 
engaged the enemy. The 5th and 7th Michigan, in their advance, were exposed to a well- 
directed cross lire from the enemy, as well as to a heavy fire in their front. More than 
once were they compelled to give ground before the destructive storm of bullets which 
■was showered upon them, but only to advance again with courage and determination. 
Seeing that it was within the power of the 1st and 6th Michigan to advance and dis- 
lodge that portion of the enemy which had poured such a destructive cross fire into the 
ranks of the 5th and 7th Michigan, I gave the order for the two former regiments to 
advance their line, which order was obeyed with promptness, the men moving forward 
with a cheer, driving the enemy from his position in great confusion, and compelling him 
to leave the ground strewn with his dead and wounded. At the same time the 5th and 
7th, on the left of the road, advanced, and were successful in dislodging the enemy from 
their front, inflicting upon him a terrible loss. The pursuit was kept up until the enemy 
had placed himself beyond the range of our guns. From an examination of the ground 
after the engagement it was ascertained that the loss of the enemy was far heavier than 
during any previous engagement of the same extent and duration. Tlie havoc was par- 
ticularly great in Butler's brigade of mounted infantry, composed of seven largo regi- 
ments, principally from South Carolina, Our loss in this engagement was greater than 
in any other of the campaign. Captain Maxwell, of the 1st Michigan, Captain Oliphant, 
Lieutenants Brewer, Osborn, and Muthersell, of tlie 51h Michigan, were severely wounded, 
and Captain Dodge, of the 5th Micli'gan, slightly wounded. Lieutenant James Chris- 
tiancy, one of my personal aids, while gallantly cheering on the men in the thickest pf 
the fight, and at tlie moment when th(^ tide of battle was being turned in our favor, 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 599 

received two wounds, one of whicli canied away the end of his thumb, the other infllctini? 
a very tlangerous and painful wound throuj^h the thigh; at the same time his horse was 
shot under liini. Lieutenant Nims, of my staff, also had his horse shot under him. Wo 
held our position here until after dark, when we were relieved by the infantry. Wo marched 
bacli and encamped on tlio Pamunky, about one mile from tlio Tolopotomy creek. Tho 
following day we crossed the creek, and encamped about one mile from New Castlo 
Ferry, where wo remained until 3 P. M. on the yOth, when wc marched to Old Church. 
Here we found the reserve brigade engaged with the enemy, who had taken up a position 
on tho :Matodequin creek. Being ordered to tho support of General Merritt, I ordered 
the 5th Michigan on the right of the road dismounted; tho 1st and 7tli Michigan on tho 
left, also dismounted. As soon as I had formed my Une, I ordered it to advance. Tho 
men went forward with a yell, and in a very short time we had driven tho enemy from his 
position. The 5th Michigan, on the light of tho road, moved forward niucii faster than 
the regiments on the left, those on the left having met a larger force, who ojiposed them 
with great determination. I then ordered tho (ith Michigan (then in reserve), mounted, 
to charge them; but before I could get that regiment up the enemy had been driven from 
tho held, leaving his dead and wounded in our hands. In this light wo captured a larco 
number of prisoners. Lieutenant E. G. Granger of my staff was struck on the left 
shoulder by a spent ball. We encamped at Parsely's Mills, on the Matedcqiiin. 

"May 31. About 3 P. M. the brigade moved toward Cold Harbor; the 6th Michigan 
moved by a country road, with orders if possible to connect with the right of Colonel 
Devin's brigade. Arriving near that place, we found the reserve brigade hotly engaged 
with a superior force of cavaliy, infantry, and artillery. The rebels had a strong barri- 
cade on tlie crest of the hill on which Cold Harbor is situated, which was well defended. 
All our efforts to dislodge the enemy for a time were unsuccessful, until the 5th Michigan 
and a portion of the reserve brigade were ordered to move on one of the enemy's flanks. 
The enemy, finding their position turned, began to abandon their works. At this moment 
one battalion of the 1st Michigan, under Major Brewer, was ordered to charge tho enemy 
with diawn sabres. This charge produced the desired effect. The enemy, without wait- 
ing to receive it, threw down their arms and fled, leaving their dead and wounded on tho 
Held. 

" This position being an important one, and having received orders to hold it at any 
cost, measures w'ere taken to put it in as defensible a condition as possible. 

" We remained on the ground that night, the troops sleeping on their arms. Soon after 
daybreak the next morning, a portion of the line held by tlio 1st Michigan was attacked 
by a laige force of the enemy. Heavy liring was kept up for a long time, but tlio enemy, 
finding our position too strong, withdrew. It was here that Captain Brevoort, of the 1st 
Michigan, one of the most gallant officers in the corps, was killed; also Captain Hazlet, of 
the same regiment, was wounded. We were then relieved by a portion of tho Gth corps, 
after which we moved back to within a few miles of Parsley's Mills and encamped. Juno 
2d we moved toward the Chickahominy, and encamped at Bottom's Bridge. Wo remained 
here till the 4th, when we moved to the Old Church Tavern; 5tli, encamped at Shedley's, 
near Hawes's shop; Cth, encamped at Newcastle Feny; 7th, crossed tho Pamunky, 
marched about a mile beyond Aylett's, and remained there till tho next morning, when wo 
moved to Henning Creek and encamped; Juno 9th, encamped at Young's Bridge; Juno 
10th, encamped within three miles of Louisa Court House. About dayhght of the 11th, 
the 7th Michigan, which was on picket on the road leading to tho Court House, was 
attacked by Wickham's rebel cavalry. As soon as I received notice of this attack, I or- 
dered the 1st Michigan to move to the support of the 7th. Tho enemy did not follow up 
his attack. We then moved toward Travillian Station, The other bngados of tho division 
had already moved by another road, and I was ordered to connect with them at tho sta- 
tion. The force by which we had been attacked followed us up, but did not press my rear 
very close. My advance had arrived within a short distance of the station when I received 
word from Captain Hastings, commanding the advance, that there was a wagon train hi 
sight. I immediately ordered the 5th Michigan (Colonel Alger) to charge them. This 
regiment charged down past the station, capturing a large number of wagons, ambu- 
lances, caissons, and about 800 led horses— these being the horses of tho force engaging- 
General Merritt and Colonel Devin. I then sent the Gth Michigan forward to tho support 
of tho 5th. They had gone but a short distance when tho rebels charged them In tho 
rear. I then dismounted a portion of my command, and very soon had driven tho enemy 
from my front. I moved down to the station, and discovered a largo force of tho enemy 
with a battery in position on the right of tho road. I ordered Major Brewer with the 7th 
Michigan down tho road mounted, with orders as soon as my battery opened to charge 
them with drawn sabres. I had then one section of Captain Pennington's battery in posi- 
tion near the station house, and had sent orders for the 1st Michigan, which was in tho 
rear, to move forward as rapidly as possible to charge tho enemy on his loft Hank at. 



GOO MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

the moment the 7th Michigan charged him in front. But this regiment was fully em- 
ployed in holding the enemy who were making a vigorous assault on our rear; conse- 
quently before these dispositions could be made, the enemy had gained possession of the 
woods on our right, and poured such a destructive fire on the cannoneers that they were 
compelled to change the position of the section. Colonel Alger, acting under the impulse 
of a pardonable zeal, did not halt at the station as the order required, but^ advanced 
more than a mile beyond, hoping to increase his captures. The enemy, taking advantage 
of this, interposed his force between Colonel Alger's rear and the advance of the Gth Mich- 
igan, rcoccupying the station and cutting Colonel Alger off from support. 

"Disappointed in not meeting the other brigades of the division, with which I expected 
to form a junction at this point, and the enemy having shown himself in heavy force on 
all sides, J was compelled to take up a position near the station, from which I could re- 
sist the attacks of the enemy, which were now being made on my front, right, left, and 
rear. As firing could now be heard in the direction from which the reserve and 2d brig- 
ades were expected, I determined to hold my position until reinforcements could arrive. 
Tlie enemy made repeated and desperate efforts to break our lines at different points, and 
in doing so compelled us to change the position of our batteries. The smallness of my 
force compelled me to adopt very contracted lines. From the nature of the ground and 
character of the attacks that were made upon me, our lines resembled very nearly a circle. 
The space over which we fought was so limited there Avas actually no place which could 
be called under cover, or in other words, the entire ground was within range of the 
enemy's fire. This fact induced the officer who had charge of the pack-trains, caissons, 
headquarters wagons, and all the property we had captured, to seek without orders a 
place of safety. In doing so ho conducted them into the lines of the enemy, where they 
were recaptured. In causing this mishap he acted on his own responsibility, impelled by 
fear alone, and I might add that for his conduct on this occasion the President of the 
United States has dismissed him from the service for cowardice and treachery. 

"About this time the enemy charged one of my guns, but before he could get it from 
the field the 7th Michigan, led by Majors Brewer and Walker, charged them, Idlling and 
wounding quite a number. Twice the enemy charged this gun, but were unsuccessful in 
its capture. In this charge Major Brewer was severely Avounded. After the enemy had 
been driven from this point I started with the 7th Michigan after the trains. We came 
upon the rear of them and recaptured two caissons, three ambulances, and several 
wagons. The enemy's force being so much greater than mine, I did not deem it advisable 
to follow. I then ordered this regiment back to its position on the line. At this time we 
had connected with the other brigades of the division. In this fight Majors Kidd and 
Deane, of the Gth Michigan, were captured, but were shortly afterwards retalcen by a 
portion of their own regiment, led by Captain Birge. Also, in this fight, Lieutenant 
Eichard Baylis, of my staff, received a severe and painful wound through the shoulder while 
bravely leading a successful charge against a superior force of the enemy. He continued 
to fight and encourage the men until compelled to leave the field from loss of blood. 
Captain Jacob L. Greene, my A. A. G., was here taken prisoner. With unfeigned sorrow 
I am called upon to record the death of one of the 'bravest of the brave,' Sergeant 
Mitchell Belvir, of the 1st Michigan Cavalry. He has been my color-bearer since the 
organization of this brigade. He received his death-wound while nobly discharging his 
duty to his flag and to his country. He was killed in the advance, while gallantly cheer- 
ing his men forward to victory. 

" The men remained on the lino all that night. The next day about i P. M. wo moved 
out on the road to Gordonsville, this brigade being in the advance. Wo had marched but 
a few miles when we found the enemy in very strong position. I immediately dismounted 
the Gth and 7th Michigan, sending the sixth in on the left of the railroad, the 7th on the 
right, holding the 1st and 5th in reserve. Soon these regiments became hotly engaged. 
A portion of the reserve brigade was then sent to connect with the right of my line. I 
also ordered the 1st and 5th to move out and reinforce the Gth and 7th. At this time the 
engagement became general. We had been fighting in this manner for some time, gain- 
ing no advantage, Avhen I received orders from the general commanding the division to 
advance my line, and, if possible, dislodge the enemy; but the position being too 
formidable, I deemed it best to withdraw my command to the position previously held at 
the forks of the road. We held this position until midnight, when wo withdrew. Our 
loss of officers in this engagement was very heavy: Captain Carr, Lieutenants Pulver 
and Warren killed; Captain Buggan and Lieutenant Bullock wounded — all of the Ist 
Michigan. Captains Hastings and Dodge, of the 5th Michigan, wounded; also. Captain 
LovcU and Lieutenant Kanouse, of tho Gth Michigan, wounded. Wo marched all night, 
and in tho morning rccrossed tho north branch of tho North Anna, near which we 
encamped. On tho Idth, encamped at Shady Grovo Church; 15th, encamped near Guinea 
♦Station; IGLh, eight miles beyond Newtown; 17th, near Walkcrtown; 18th, near King 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 



COl 



and Queen Court Ilouse; 19th, moved to Dunkirk; 20th, crossed the Mattapony river, 
and that night encamped near the Pamunky; 21st, crossed the Pamunky near "Wliito 
House; 22d, crossed the Chickahominy at Jones's Bridge and encamped near the river; 
from this point wo moved on the morning of the 2-lth to Charles City Court House, where 
wo encamped for the night; 25th, moved to a point near the James river; 2Sth of Juno, 
■crossed the James river; 29th, moved to Prince Georgo Court House; 30th, encamped 
near Eeams's Station. During these operations this brigade has captured 14 commis- 
sioned oflicers, 318 enlisted men, 2 pieces of artillery with limbers filled with ammunition, 
and has mortally wounded Major General J. E. B. Stuart and Brigadier General Gordon, 
of the rebel cavalry. It would bo unjust to the brave officers and men who compose my 
command did I close this report without uttering one word in recognition of then- bravery, 
daring, and endurance, as exhibited during the late campaign. "Where so many instances 
of individual heroism occun'cd it is impossible to particularize. The desire to discharge 
all duties in a faithful and patriotic manner seemed universal throughout the command. 
I can only return my thanks to the regimental commanders, and to the officers and men 
under them, for the "promptness and energy with which they carried out my orders. My 
thanks are also due to Captain Pennington and Lieutenants "NVoodruff anil Egan for the 
skillful and dashing manner in which their guns were handled. Words cannot express my 
gratitude to the members of my staff, who on all occasions rendered mo the most hearty 
support, and to whose able assistance I was frequently indebted for the success of our 
arms. Captain Charles "Walker, who served as volunteer aid on my staff throughout tho 
entire campaign, participating in every engagement with great credit and distinction to 
himself, is deserving of the highest praise for his courageous and patriotic example. 
Below I append a recapitulation of our losses during tho whole campaign: 
"My staff officers, 3 wounded and 2 missing. 





Killed. 


WouudeJ. 


Missing. 


Total. 


1st Micliigan — officers 


3 
37 


5 
133 

8 
52 

2 
58 

1 
98 


1 
Gl 

1 
135 

1 
G3 

1 
13 


9 


enlisted men 


234 


•5th Michigan — officers . . . 


9 


enlisted men 


12 

1 
28 

1 
12 


199 


6th Michigan— officers 

enlisted men . 


4 
149 


7th Michigan — officers 

enlisted men 


3 

123 






Total , 








730 













From the report of Colonel 11. A.. Alger, commanding 5th regiment: 

"* * * Moved to Yellow Tavern, on Brook turnpike, where wo met Stuart's 
cavalry in force, May 10th and 11th, 18G4. The regiment was dismounted hero and 
ordered to the left "of the road, to drive tho enemy from a piece of woods which ho 
occupied on the opposite side of a large, open field. Charging across the field under a 
heavy fire, the enemy was driven from his position across a ravine. Ee-forming tho line, 
an order Avas received from tho General commanding to charge tho enemy in our front 
and right, as he was going to charge a battery on the right of tho road. This order exe- 
cuted, and arriving at a point commanding a hill in rear of a rebel battery, an officer-, 
accompanied by a largo staff and escort and carrying a largo fiag, was seen coming on to 
tho hill from tho rear. This ofiicer was shot by Private John A. Huff, Company E, 5th 
Michigan Cavalry, formerly of Berdan's Sharp-shooters. Ho was immediately carried to 
the rear by his staff. About thirty minutes later tho hill was gained, and a woman and 
negro stated that General Stuart had been shot on tho hill above mentioned, and first 
brought to her house and afterwards carried away in an ambulance. Eebcl accounts 
agree with the statement of this woman, also what was seen by us. In this engagement 
the bravo Captain Benj. F. Axtell was mortally wounded, and left at a citizen's house on 
the battle-field." * » * • 

Capt. Benj. F. Axtell was wounded and taken prisoner at Yellow TavcrD, 
May 11, 1864. Died of his wounds in Lihby Prison. 

7G 



602 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

From the report of Colonel James II. Kidd, commanding Gfch regiment: 

"May 12th, 1864, we reached Meadow's Bridge, on the Chickahominy; found the bridge 
gone and the crossing disputed by the enemy's dismounted men and infantry, with strong 
breastworlvs and artillery. From the swampy nature of the ground, it was impossible to 
bring artillery to bear upon them. 'The stream must be crossed at all hazards' was 
ordered, and the 5th and 6th Michigan were assigned the duty. Dismounting, the two 
regiments crossed on the ties of a railroad bridge, one man at a time, in the face of a gall- 
ing fire of musketry and artillery, succeeded in gaining a foothold on the opposite bank, 
and subsequently charged the enemy, driving him in confusion, kilUng and capturing a 
large number. This is one of the most desperate fights in which the regiment was ever 
engaged, and attended with but few casualties. Lieutenant Thomas A. Eddie, one of our 
bravest and most efficient officers, was instantly killed by a sliot through the head." 

From the report of Colonel R. A. Alger, commanding the 5th Michigan: 
(I* « * On the 28th of May, 1864, we were ordered with the brigade to support 
General Gregg's division, which liad already become engaged with the enemy near 
Hawes's Shop. The brigade dismounted, formed in line, and moving forward became 
hotly engaged immediately. The ground over which this regiment passed was covered 
with pine shrubs, affording no shelter from the fire of the enemy, who was strongly 
posted in heavy timber, on high ground, and behind formidable breastworks of logs. 
Charging into the woods, the enemy, after an obstinate resistance, fighting our men hand 
to hand,"was driven witli great loss, leaving the ground strewn with his dead and wounded. 
Of eleven officers and one hundred and forty men of this regiment engaged, five officers 
and fifty men were killed or wounded. Captain David Oliphant, a gallant officer, was 
mortally wounded while cheering on his men in the thickest of the fight." * * * 

Captain Oliphant died of his wounds on June 4th following. 
Colonel Kidd, commanding Gth Cavalry, in a report says: 

"On the 28th May fought the battle of 'Hawes's Shop.' Gregg's men were fallmg 
back. General Custer was ordered to support him. The brigade was dismounted. The 
6th had the right of the road, its left resting thereon; the enemy was in the woods; we 
formed in the open fields. General Custer ordered three cheers and a charge. The 
cheers were given and the order to charge obeyed. In a minute the fight was hand to 
hand. The rebels fought with desperation, but were routed. They left their dead and 
wounded in our hands and many prisoners. In ten minutes, out of 140 men I had engaged, 
33 were killed or wounded; 12 were killed instantly, and 4 died before morning. The 
ground where the regiment fought was covei'ed with rebel dead and wounded. The 
trees were riddled. Infantry officers who saw the fight spoke of it as one of the most 
desperate they ever witnessed. It is not boasting to say that the gallantry displayed by 
the men of the Michigan brigade in this fight was extraordinary, unexampled." 

General Sheridan, referring to the action at Trevillian Station June 11th 

and 13th, 1864, says : 

"The cavalry engagement of the 12th was by far the most brilliant one of the present 
campaign. The enemy's loss was very heavy. My loss in captured will not exceed 160. 
They were principally from the 5th Michigan Cavalry. This regiment gallantly charged 
down the Gordonsville road, capturing 1,500 horses and about 800 men, but were finally 
surrounded and had to give them up. " 

On the 31st of July, 1864, the brigade was ordered to proceed to Washington, 
and thence to the Shenandoah Valley, where the regiments engaged the enemy 
at the following points: Winchester, August 11; Front lloyal, August 16; 
Leetown, August 25; Sheperdstown, August 25; Smithiield, August 29; 
Berryville, September 3 ; Summit, September 4. 

From a report of Colonel James II. Kidd, 6th Michigan: 

"On the morning of the 11th of August, 1864, wo marched at daylight, and took up 
position beyond Opequan creek, toward Winchester. A section of Hansom's battery was 
charged upon by tlio enemy. Captain Mathei', with a battalion of the 6th Michigan, hap- 
pening to bo at hand, repulsed the charge and saved the battery, at the sacrifice, however, 
of his own fife. Ho was instantly killed while urging his men forward." * ■" 

In a report of Major George G. Briggs, 7th Cavalry, mention is made of the 
action at Front Royal, or ** Crooked Run," August 16tb, 1864, as follows: 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 603 

"* * * On tho IGth August the regiment took an active part in tho action 

at Front Koyal, wliere we charged a whole brigade of rebel cavoliy, completely routing 
them, capturing 100 prisoners, a large number of horses and arms. Lieutenant Lucius 
Cai'ver was killed in this charge. " ♦♦***♦* 

From report of Colonel K. A. Alger, commanding oth Michigan : 
"Early in the forenoon of August 16th, 1804, the enemy attacked the pickets incur 
front, near Front Royal. The regiment was immediately saddled and moved out, after- 
wards dismounted and advanced over the brow of a hill. Here the enemy was found just 
forming in line preparatory to a charge. The rogimoiTt charged and drove the enemy into 
the river, capturing sixty-live prisoners and killing and wounding a large number. In tUs 
engagement Lieutenant E. G. Granger, who was serving on the staff of General Custer^ 
was killed." *♦****»»»♦ 

From a report of Colonel Peter Stagg, commanding 1st Michigan, cover- 
ing the action at Shepardstown, Va., August 25th, 1804: 

"* * * Arriving near Kearneysville, August 25th, ISfil, we came upon the enemy's 
cavalry and drove him about a mile. Again moving forward, wo discovered long columns 
of rebel infantry marching up on our Hanks, when we were ordered back. At Shepherds- 
town we halted for a short time, and the enemy's cavalry soon appeared in our front and 
flank. This force we charged with the brigade and drove back to their supports, but in 
doing so became cut off from our main force and surrounded by rebel infantry. The brig- 
ade, after desperate fighting, almost hand to hand, succeeded in crossing the Potomac 
near Sharpsburg, Md. Captain Fred A, Buhl was mortally wounded Avhilo bravely doing 
his duty." * * * * 

Captain Buhl died of his wounds at Annapolis, Md., loth September fol- 
lowing. 

Of the engagement with the enemy near Winchester, on the 19th of Sep- 
tember, 18G4, General Custer, in his report of 28th of that month, says : 

" I have tlie honor to submit the following report of the part taken by my brigade in the 
engagement of the 18th instant, near Winchester, Va. 

"In compliance with instructions from division headquarters, my command was in read- 
iness to move from its encampment near Summit Point at 2 o'clock on the morning of the 
19th. It being the intention to reach the Opequan, some five miles distant, before day- 
light, the march was begun soon after 2 A. M., and conducted by the most direct route 
across the country independent of roads. My brigade moved in advance of the division,, 
and reached the vicinity of the Opequan before daylight, unobserved by the enemy, 
whose pickets were posted along the opposite bank. Massing my command in rear of a 
belt of woods and opposite a ford, situated about three mUes from the pouit at which the 
i-ailroad crosses the stream, I awaited the arrival of the division commander and the 
remainder of the division. At daylight I received orders to a move to a ford one mile and 
a half up the stream, aiad there attempt a crossing. This movement was also made beyond 
the view of the enemy, and my command was massed opposite the point designated, in 
rear of a range of hills overlooking the Opequan. Owing to a reconuoissance made at this 
point by our forces a few days previous, the enemy were found on the alert, thereby 
destroying all hope of securing possession of the ford by a surprise. Two regiments, the 
25th New York and 7th Michigan, both under command of that reliable soldier, Lieutenant 
Colonel Brewer, of the 7th Michigan, Avere selected to charge the ford and obtain posses- 
sion of the rifle-pits upon the opposite bank. By request of the senior officer of the 25th 
New York Cavalry, that regiment was placed in advance, and both regiments moved, 
under cover of a hill, as near to the ford as possible without being exposed to the lire of 
the enemy. At the same time the Gth Michigan Cavalry, Colonel Kidd commanding, 
advanced dismounted to the crest overlooking the ford, and engaged the enemy on the 
opposite bank. Everything promised success, and the order was given for the column of 
Colonel Brewer to charge. 

"Accordingly, both regiments moved rapidly toward the ford. The advance of the 25th 
New Y'ork reached the water, when the enemy, from a well-covered rifle-pit opposite the 
crossing, opened a heavy fire upon our advance, and succeeded in repulsing the head of 
the column, whoso conduct induced this entire portion of the command to give way in con- 
siderable confusion. No responsibility for this repulse could bo attached to Lieutenant 
Colonel Brewer, who had left nothing undone to insure success. Giving him orders to 
re-form his command under the cover of the ridgo of hills before mentioned, and direct- 
ing Colonel Kidd to engage the attention of the enemy as closely as possible, wliile sudi 



G04 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

a disposition of sliarp -shooters was made as to quiet that portion of the enemy lodged in 
the rifle-pits covering tlie ford, the 1st Michigan Cavalry, Colonel Stagg commanding, 
which had been held in reserve, was ordered to accomplish what two regiments had 
unsuccessfully attempted. No time was lost, but aided by the experience of the command 
which preceded it, the 1st Cavalry secured a good position near the ford. 

" Colonel Stagg, detaching two squadrons as an advance guard, under Lieutenant Col- 
onel Maxwell, one of the most dashing and intrepid officers of the service, ordered the 
charge, and under cover of the heavy fire poured in by the 6th Michigan, gained a footing 
upon the opposite bank, capturing the rifle-pits and a considerable number of prisoners. 
The enemy retired about one mile from the ford in the direction of Winchester, and took 
a position behind a heavy line of earth-works, protected in addition by a formidable che- 
vaux de frise. My entire command was moved to the south bank of the stream, and 
placed in position along the ridge just vacated by the enemy. About this time a battery 
of horse artillery, under command of Lieutenant Taylor, reported to me, and was imme- 
diately ordered into position within range of the enemy's works. Prisoners captured at the 
ford represented themselves as belonging to Breckenridgo's Corps, and stated that their 
corps, with Breckenridge in command, was posted behind the works confronting us. 
Deeming this information reliable, as the results of the day proved it to be, I contented 
myself with annoying the enemy with artilleiy and skirmishers, until the other brigade 
of the division, having effected a crossing at a ford lower down, established connection 
with my left. Acting in conjunction with a portion of Colonel Lowell's brigade, an advance 
of the 1st and 7th Michigan and 25th New York was ordered to test the numbers and 
strength of the enemy. This movement called forth from the enemy a heavy fire from 
his batteries. It failed, however, to inflict serious damage. Lieutenant Colonel Maxwell, 
who headed the charging column, as v/as his custom, succeeded in piercing the enemy's 
line of infantry and reaching to within a few feet of their artillery. Overwhelming num- 
bers alone forced him to relinquish the intent of their capture, and he retired, after inflict- 
ing a severe loss upon the enemy. This advance, while clearly developing the position 
and strength of the enemy, was not without loss on our part. 

" Among those whose gallantry on this occasion was conspicuous, was Lieutenant Jack- 
son, of the 1st Michigan Cavalry, who, while among the foremost in the charge, received 
a wound which earned away his arm and afterwards proved mortal. He was a young 
officer of great promise, and one whose loss was severely felt. At this time the engage- 
ment along the center and left of our line was being contested with the utmost energy 
on both sides, as could be determined by the heavy firing both of artillery and small arms. 
While it was known to be impossible to carry the position in my front with the force at 
my disposal, it was deemed important to detain as large a force of the enemy in our front 
as possible, and thus prevent reinforcements of other parts of their line. With this object 
in view, as great a display of our forces was kept up as the circumstances would allow. 
At the same time skirmishing was continued with little or no loss to either side. From 
the configuration of the ground the enemy was enabled to move or mass troops in rear of 
his position unseen by my command. Either divining our intentions of delaying him, or 
receiving orders to this effect, he abandoned the position in our front and withdrew 
towards our left. In the absence of instructions I ordered a general advance, intending if 
not opposed, to move beyond the enemy's left flank and strike him in reverse. I directed 
my advance towards Stevenson's depot, and met with no enemy until within two miles of 
that point, when I encountered Lomax's division of cavalry, which at that time was 
engaged with Averill's division, advancing on my right on the Martinsburg pike. Our 
appearance was unexpected, and produced such confusion on the part of the enemy that 
though charged repeatedly by inferior numbers, he at no time waited for us to approach 
within pistol range, but broke and fled. Soon after a junction was formed with General 
Averill on my right, which, with the connection on my left made our line unbroken. At 
this time five brigades of cavalry were moving on parallel fines. Most, if not all, of the 
brigades moved by brigade front, regiments being in parallel columns of squadrons. One 
continuous and heavy line of skirmishers covered the advance, using only the carbine, 
whUo the line of brigades, as they advanced across the open country, the bands playing 
the national airs, presented in the sunfight, one moving mass of glistening sabres. This, 
combined with tlie various and bright colored banners and battle-flags, intermingled here 
and there with the plain blue uniforms of the troops, furnished one of the most inspiring 
as well as imposing scenes of martial grandeur ever witnessed upon a battle-field. No 
encouragement was required to inspire either man or horses. On the contrary it was 
necessary to check the ardor of both until the time for action should arrive. The enemy 
had effected a junction of his entire cavalry force, composed of the divisions of Lomas 
and Fitz Hugh Lee. They were formed across the Martinsburg and Winchester pike, 
about three miles from the latter place. Concealed by an open pine forest they awaited 
our approach. No obstacle to the successful maneuvering of largo bodies of cavalry was 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 605 

encountered. Even the forests wero so open as to offer little or no hindrance to a charg- 
ing column. Upon our left, and in plain view, could bo seen the struggle now raging 
between the infantry lines of each army, while at various points the small columns of 
light-colored smoke showed that the artillery of neither side was idle. At that moment it 
seemed as if no perceptible advantage could be claimed by cither, but the fortunes of the 
day might bo decided by one of those mcidonts or accidents of the battle-field which, 
though insignificant in themselves often go far toward deciding the fate of nations. Such 
must have been the impression of the officers and men composmg the five brigades now 
advancing to the attack. The enemy wisely chose not to receive our attack at a halt, but 
advanced from the woods and charged our line of skirmishers. The cavalry was hero so 
closely connected that a separate account of the operations of a single brigade or regi- 
ment is almost impossible. Our skirmishers were forced back, and a portion of my 
brigade was pushed forward to their support. The enemy reUed wholly upon the carbino 
and pistol; my men preferred the sabre. A short but closely contested struggle ensued, 
which resulted in the repulse of the enemy. Many prisoners were taken, and quite a 
number of both sides left on the field. Driving the enemy through the woods, in his rear 



the commanding heights west of the town. 

"My command, by agreement with General Averill, took charge of all forces of tho 
enemy on the pike, and those in the immediate vicinity of the ground to its left. Other 
portions of the 1st division made a detour still farther to my left, so that that which had 
lately been one unbroken line was now formed into several columns of pursuit, each with 
a special and select object in view. "Within three-fourths of a mile from the point where 
the enemy had made his last stand he rallied a portion of his force. His line was formed 
beyond a small ditch, which he no doubt supposed would break, if not wholly oppose, an 
attacking column. Under most circumstances such might have been the case, but with 
men inspired with a foretaste of victory greater obstacles must be interposed. Without 
designating any particular regiments, tho charge was sounded, and portions of all tho 
regiments composing my brigade joined in the attack. Tho volleys delivered by tho 
enemy were not enough to check the attacking column, and again was the enemy driven 
before us, this time seeking safety in rear of his line of infantry. Here he re-formed for 
his last attempt to check our advance. Tho batteries of tho enemy were now enabled to 
reach us, an advantage they were not slow to improve. At this time a battery of tho 
enemy, with apparently Httle support, was being withdrawn. My command, owing to 
the repeated charges, had become badly brpken, rendering it impossible for me to avaQ 
myself of the services of a single organized regiment. With detachments of each regi- 
ment, a charge was ordered upon the battery, which, but for the extreme smallness of 
our numbers, would have proved successful. Lieutenant Lonsbury, 5th Michigan Cav- 
aliy, with great daring, advanced with a handful of men to within a few paces of the bat- 
tery, and was only prevented from capturing it by an infantry support, hitherto con- 
cealed, and outnmuberiHg him. Sergeant Barber, 5th Michigan Cavalry, clerk at head- 
quarters, distinguished himself in this charge as my color-bearer. He carried the colors 
in advance of the charging column, and was conspicuous throughout tho engagement 
until severely wounded in the latter part of the day. It being necessary to re-form my 
regiments before attempting a further advance, advantage was taken of a slight ridge of 
ground within one thousand yards of the enemy's line of battle. Behind this ridge, and 
protected from the enemy's fire, I formed as many of my men as could bo hastily col- 
lected. Two guns, which had been annoying us on our right, were now charged and 
taken by the Ist and 5th llegular Cavalry. This gave us possession of a portion of tho 
main lino of the enemy's fortifications. At the same time our infantry on the center and 
left had, after our successes on the right, been enabled to drive tho enemy, and were now 
forcing him towards the town. Still determined to contest our further advance, tho 
enemy now contracted his lines. This gave mo an opportunity to move my brigade to a 
small crest, within five hundred yards of tho enemy's position. This movement was 
entirely unobserved by him, his attention being drawn towards tho heavy lines of our 
infantry, now advancing in open view far to our left. At this moment I received an order 
from the division commander to charge tho enemy with my entire brigade. Having per- 
sonally examined the situation, and knowing that a heavy force of tho enemy was lying 
down behind these works, — facts of which I knew the division commander was ignorant, — 
I respectfully requested th.at 1 might bo allowed to select my own time for making tho 
charge. My reasons for tiiis course were that I was convmced the advance of our 
infantry on the center and left would compel tho force in my front to siiift its position to 
the rear, and the most favorable moment to strike it would bo after this movement had 
commenced, not while they were awaiting us in tho rear of their works. My opinions wero 



006 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

verified. Watching the enemy until the force had arisen from behind their works and 
commenced their retrograde movement, I gave tlie command to charge. The order was 
obeyed witli zeal and alacrity upon the part of all. The 1st, 5th, 6th, and 7th Michigan, 
■with a portion of the 25th New York, advanced in one line, most of the command using 
the sabre alone. Officers and men seemed to vie with each other as to who should lead. 
Among those in advance, my personal attention was attracted to Colonel Stagg, com- 
manding 1st Michigan; Lieutenant Colonel Brewer, commanding 7th Michigan; also 
Captain Warner, of the same regiment; to Colonel Kidd, commanding the 6th Michigan 
Cavalry; and to Colonel Hastings, commanding 5th Michigan Cavalry. Each of these 
officers led his regiment with most commendable valor. The enemy, upon our approach, 
turned and delivered a well-directed volley of musketry, but before a second discharge 
could be given my command was in their midst, sabering right and left, and capturing 
prisoners more rapidly than they could be disposed of. Further resistance upon the part 
of those immediately opposed to us was suspended, A few batteries posted on the 
heights near the town continued to fire into our midst, fortunately killing more of their 
own men than of ours. Their fire was silenced, however, as we advanced towards them. 
Nothing more remained but to collect the prisoners and other trophies of the victory. 
No further resistance was offered; the charge just made had decided the day, and the 
entire body of the enemy, not killed or captured, was in full retreat up the valley. Many 
of the prisoners cut off by my command fell into the hands of the infantry, whose advance 
soon reached the ground. My command, however, which entered the last charge about 
500 strong, including but 36 officers, captured over 700 prisoners, including 52 officers; 
also 7 battle-flags, 2 caissons, and a large number of small arms. It is confidently 
believed that, considering the relative numbers engaged and the comparative advantages 
held on each side, the charge just described stands unequaled, valued according to its 
daring and success, in the history of this war. Night put an end to the pursuit, and this 
brigade bivouacked on the left of the valley pike, three miles from the battle-field. Our 
loss was by no means trifling. A numerical list of casualties has already been forwarded. 
Among the gallant dead who fell on that day is Captain North, of the 5th Michigan Cav- 
alry, whose bravery has rendered him conspicuous on scores of battle-fields. It is with 
the deepest regret that I record the fall of Lieutenant Colonel Brewer, of the 7th !Michi- 
gan Cavalry, who fell at the moment of victory while leading his regiment in the final 
charge. I believe I am correct in stating that he fell farthest in advance of those who on 
that day sun-endered their lives in their countiy's cause. Possessed of ability qualif3nng 
him for much higher positions than those he filled, he was invariably selected to com- 
mand expeditions involving danger, and requiring experience, daring, and sagacity; and 
invariably did he perform the duty assigned to him with credit to himself and to the satis- 
faction of his commanding officers. Known and respected by all his brother officers, his 
memory will always be cherished by every member of this command; and of him all will 
say he was a soldier sans peur et sans reproche. Instances of personal daring and gal- 
lantry during the engagement were numerous, and deserving of particular mention, but 
it is impracticable to include this list in a report of this character. A few have been 
referred to, having impressed themselves upon my personal notice at the time. I will 
only add in this connection that both officers and men did their duty, and not a single 
case of misbehavior occurred throughout the entire engagement. The assistance derived 
from the zealous and persevering efforts of the members of my staff deserves to be 
recorded. My orders were transmitted with accuracy and celerity, frequently delivered 
under a heavy fire. Of the numerous charges made by my command, there were none 
that were not participated in by one or more of my staff. They were particularly ener- 
getic in rallying and re-forming regiments broken or repulsed in the charge. 

"The following-named staiT officers particularly distinguished themselves: Major G. 
A. Drew, 6th Michigan Cavalry, A. I. G. ; Captain L. H. Barnhart, 6th Michigan Cavalry, 
A. A. A. G. ; Lieutenant E. F. Norvell, 1st Michigan Cavalry, A. D. C; Captain E. F. 
Decker, 1st Michigan Cavalry, A. A. D. C; Lieutenant G. S. White, 5th Micliigan Cav- 
alry, A. A. D. C. 

" Surgeon Wooster, 1st Michigan Cavalry, was extremely attentive to the wants of the 
wounded, and discharged his duties w'ith marked success." 

Three of the battle-flags taken in the engagement of September 19th, at 
Opequau, near Winchester, were captured by men of the Michigan regiments; 
two of them by members of the 5th Cavalry, Sergeant Henry M. Fox, of Com- 
pany M (commissioned afterwards as Second Lieutenant), who enlisted at 
Coldwater, August 12, 18G2; Corporal Gabriel Cole, of Company I, who 
enlisted at Allegan, August 19, 18(52; and Sergeant John Winter, company 



MICHIGAN IX THE WAR. C07 

and place of enlistment unknown. One of them was taken by Private Ulrick 
L. Crocker, of Company M, Gth Cavalry, who enlisted at Vergennes, Kent 
connty, September 29, ISG^. 

These men are all reported in the Oflicial Army Register of the volunteer 
force, as having been awarded medals of honor by the Secretary of War; and 
it is officially reported that they were given as rewards for acts of bravery in 
the capture of the flags referred to. 

Lieutenant Albert F. Jackson, 1st Cavalry, wounded at Winchester, Septem- 
ber 19, 1864, died of his wounds on November 13th following. 

At Winchester the 1st Cavalry had seven killed, twcnty-Gve wounded, and 
one missing. The 7th Cavalry lost four killed and nineteen wounded. Losses 
of 5th and 6th not reported, but are supposed to be equally heavy. 

After the important engagement at Winchester, the regiments were engaged 
at Luray, September 2-4th ; at Port Republic, September 26th, STth, and 28th; 
at Mount Crawford, October 2d ; at Woodstock, October 19th ; at Cedar Creek, 
October 19th ; at Newtown, November 12th ; and at Madison Court House on 
December 24th. 

Colonel James H. Kidd, 6th Michigan, commanding brigade, in his report 
of the engagement at Cedar Creek, October 19th, 1864, says: 

" The picket line of the 7th Michigan Cavaliy having been driven in early in the morn- 
ing, the entire brigade moved out to its support, found the enemy strongly posted, with 
artillery in position. We were ordered back and took position on the right, and after- 
wards on the extreme left of the army, repulsing several charges, and driving the enemy 
until overcome by superior numbers. That the Michigan Brigade was engaged, the casu- 
alties bear witness. One stand of colors, and many prisoners were captured. Darkness 
intervened to prevent perfect success. Kershaw's division, which confronted us, was utterly 
broken and scattered. All the regiments of this brigade deserve special mention. They 
never behaved with more consummate gallantry. I regret to report the loss of Captain 
Shier, 1st Michigan Cavaliy, who was mortally wounded while leading a charge. A gal- 
lant officer, a polished scholar, an accomplished gentleman, his loss is keenly felt by all 
who knew him." 

Captain Shier died of his wounds October 31st following. 

From the Detroit Free Press, October 29th, 1864: 

"The Newark Advertiser of last evening has obtained from General Custer, who was in 
Newark last Sunday, some details of the battle (Cedar Creek) in the Shenendoah valley 
on Wednesday last (October 19th), fi-om which we select the following: 

" General Custer represents that the ^ictory was the most complete and decisive which 
has yet been achieved in the Shenandoah. Custer's division pursued the enemy from 3 
o'clock in the afternoon until 9 in the evening, driving them into the fields and mountains, 
capturing whole companies at a time, and putting hundreds of the fugitives hors de combat. 

"In the early part of the day, however, all the advantages were with Early, and had he 
been content with capturing our guns and 800 hundred prisoners, and driving our army 
from its position, his victory would have been one of the most signal of the war. But 
when ho undertook to pursue with the force at his command ho invited the very disaster 
which befell him. His advance on Tuesday night was made with great secrecy and cau- 
tion; his men were stripped of their canteens and put in liglit marching order, and by 
dawn on Wednesday morning were massed in battle order inside our lines, with nothing 
whatever to obstruct their progress on our encampment. Their captures of men and 
cannon were all effected before sunrise. Letters written by some of Early's officers after 
his movement commenced, and captured by our forces, expresseil fears of tlie result, 
characterizing the movement as mad and perilous, and likely to load to the comploto 
destruction of the enemy in the valley. 

"^ It is generally believed by our officers that there will be no more serious fighting in the 
valley, it being impossible for the Richmond authorities to reinforce Early's wasted columns, 
now scattered in disorder along the line of retreat. General Custer states that the cannon 
captui'ed by our forces numbered over fifty. Ho counted forty-nine at Sheridan's head- 
quarters on Friday night, and several pieces had not yet been brought from the field. 
General Custer's division captured forty-one pieces and several battle fings, including the 
headquarters flag of General Ramseur. 



608 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 

"It is a curious coincidence that the rebel General Kamseur, v.'ho was killed, was a 
classmate of General Custer at AVest Point. Before his death, Eamseur sent for the lat- 
ter, and the two, thus strans:ely brought togther, reviewed in the presence of death the 
reminiscences of their cadet life. " 

On the 27th of February, 1865, the brigade formed part of the fovea -svitli 
■which General Sheridan made his movement against General Early's army, 
and on the rebel communications in the direction of Gordonsville and Kich- 
mond, and at that date moved with the cavalry corps towards Staunton, and 
on the Stli of March participated in an engagement with a part of the rebel 
cavalry, under General Rosser, near Louisa Court House, and assisted in 
routing it and capturing the town, in which a large amount of property waa 
destroyed, including the railroad depot, with rolling stock and telegraph office. 
It also participated in taking up the track and destroying the railroad property 
on the line of the Lynchburg and Gordonsville railroad, and in the destruc- 
tion of the locks, aqueducts, and mills on the line of the James River Canal. 
The command having reached White House Landing, March 19th, in time to 
take part in the final battles of the Army of the Potomac, soon after, with 
the cavalry corps took position, on the left of the line of that army, and on 
the 30th the brigade became engaged with the rebel cavalry and assisted in 
driving them within their works at Five Forks. It was also engaged with the 
enemy at the same point on the 31st and on April 1st; and on the 2d at the 
South Side Railroad; on the 4th at Duck Pond Mills; on the 6th at the 
battle of the Ridge's, or Sailor's Creek, and on the 8th and 9th at Appomat- 
tox Court House. 

In the report of Colonel Stagg, 1st Cavalry, commanding brigade, the fol- 
lowing reference is made to the battle of Five Forks, April 1, 1865 : 

"The next morning we moved forward, passing over the ground from which we had 
been driven the day before. Our brigade being in advance, we soon came upon the enemy, 
strongly posted behind a large swamp, through which it was impossible to penetrate. 
Moving to the right, the enemy's cavalry appeared in our front and was driven to his main 
line ofVorlis, occupied by Kershaw's division. In the afternoon the regiment participated 
in the final charge and capture of these works, taking many prisoners and pursuing the 
flying enemy until long after dark. In this engagement Lieutenant Orwin M, Bartletfc 
was killed; also, Lieutenant George C. "Whitney." 

Colonel Kidd, 6tli Michigan, says of his regiment, in an engagement near 
Five Forks : 

"On the 4th of April the regiment charged the enemj^'s lino of battle, near Beaver 
Mills, Va., losing in the charge Lieutenant S. H. Finney, a gallant officer." 

Colonel Briggs says of his regiment : 

" On the morning of the 30lh of March, 1865, the 7th regiment of Michigan Cavalry is 
found with the gallant Phil. Sheridan on the right Hank of the rebel army near Five Forks, 
Va. For thirty days previous the regiment had, with tlie balance of Sheridan's cavalry, 
been constantly on the march, being of the command with which he moved from the Shen- 
andoah Valley on the 27th of February, and inidertook his celebrated raid to the James 
Eiver, and which was attended with such important and brilliant results. Little time had 
been allowed for recuperating from the effects attending a service so arduous as that 
through which they had just passed, when, on the morning of March 30th, the 7th 3Iichi- 
gan, lunnljering less than three hundred men, and after marching all night in rain and 
over heavy roads, we received orders to move Avith promptness to the support of the Gth 
Pennsylvania Cavalry and the 2d U. S. Cavalry Ivegulars, holding a position on the 
extreme right of the Union lines, which was being strongly pressed by a strong force 
of the enemy's cavalry. Upon reaching the point and rcjiorting to the oUicer h: connnand, 
the regiment was immediately placed in position to support a charge whicli was ordered 
to be }nade upon the enemy's lines by the two regiments named, and which, although 
made with spirit and in splendid style, was not only met with lirmness by the enemy, but 
they were forced to retire in some confusion. The enemy, seehig his advantage, immedi- 



I 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 609 

ately charged down upon the retreating force, confident of success. The 7th regiment, 
being formed in columns of squadrons, sabers drawn, moved gallantly forward for a coun- 
ter-(!harge. The task before it was a diflicult one. "bteady," was the command, as they 
rapidly passed foi-ward through (he lines of retreating men to meet the on-coming and 
confident foe. A moment, and the chaige is sounded, and with shouts of ' Sheridan' and 
'Victory' they dash into the fire of death. Not a man faltered. The veterans of 'Gettys- 
burg,' the 'Wilderness,' and 'Winchester,' with the names of fifty battles on their banners, 
were on their mission, and victory or death must follow. A moment, and the shock of 
contending aims and shouts of contestants filled the air. A moment, and the rebel line 
wavered, then broke and fled the field in a confused rout, leaving in the hands of the 7th 
the commanding ^^fficer of their brigade and a large number of prisoners— the remainder 
Hed for safely behind the fortifications of the infanti-y, three miles to the rear, closely fol- 
lowed by the 7th. For the part the regiment took in this action, it received the compli- 
ments of the commanding general. " 

The brigade performed a prominent part at the final surrender, being 
engaged with Ewell's corps at Sailor's creek, April 6th. Greeley says: 

" Lee left Amelia Court House at nightfall of the 5th, moving around the left of Meade 
and Sheridan's position at Jettersville, striking for Farmville, in order to recross there 
the Appomattox, and, if possible, thus escape his pursuers. 

"But this was not to be. Already General Davies, making a strong reconnoissance to 
our left and front, had struck, at Paine's cross-roads, Lee's train moving in advance of 
his infantry, and destroj'ed 180 wagons, capturing 5 guns and many prisoners. Lee's 
soldiers, not far behind, attempted to envelope and crush our cavalry, now swelled by 
Gregg's and Smith's brigades, sent to support Davies, and a spirited fight ensued; but 
Davies was extricated, falling back on Jettersville, where nearly our whole army was 
next morning concentrated and the pursuit vigorously resumed, Sheridan returning the 
5th corps to Meade, and henceforth commanding the cavalry only. 

"Crook, now holding Sheridan's left (facing eastward), advanced to Deatonsviile, 
where Lee's whole army was seen moving rapidly westward. He immediately charged, 
as directed by Sheridan, well knowing the inferiority of his force, but determined to 
detain the enemy at whatever cost until supports on our side could arrive. 

" The result justified the daring. Crook was repulsed, but meantime Custer, with his 
division of horse, struck again further on, gaining the road at Sailor's creek, — a pretty 
tributary of the Appomattox, — where, Crook and Devin coming promptly to his support, 
he pierced the rebel line of march, destroying 400 wagons and taking 16 guns, with many 
prisoners. 

" Ewell's corps, following the train, was thus cut off from Lee. Its advance was now 
gallantly charged by Colonel Stagg's brigade (Michigan Cavalry), and thus time was 
gained for the arrival of the leading division (Seymour's) of the 6th (Wright's) corps, 
pursuing the Confederate rear, when Ewell lecoiled, fighting stoutly, till Wheaton's rebel 
division also came up, and a part of our infanti y, advancing, were momentarily repelled 
by a deadly fire. But the odds were too great. Ewell's veterans, inclosed between our 
cavalry and the 6th corps, and sternly charged by the latter, without a chance of escape, 
threw down their arms and surrendered. Ewell himself and four other generals were 
among the prisoners, of whom over 6,000 were taken this day." 

During the service of the brigade it had been engaged with the enemy, 
at Hanover, Va., June 30, 18(J3 ; Hunteistown, Penn., July 2, 3803; Get- 
tysburg, Penn., July3, 18G3; Monteray, Md., July 4, 1803; Cavetown, Md,, 
July 5, 1863; iSniiihtown, iMd., July 6, 1803; Boonsborough, Md., July 6, 
1803; Hagerstown, Md., July 6, 1803; Williamsport, Md., July 6, 1863; 
Boonsborough, Md., July 8, 1803; Hagerstown, Md., July 10, 1803; Wil- 
liamsport, Md., July 10, 1863; Falling Waters. Md., July 14, 1863; Snick- 
er's Gap, Va., July 19, 1863; Kelley's Ford, Va., September 13. 1863; Cul- 
pepper Court House, Va., September 14, 1803; Raccoon Ford, Va., Septem- 
ber 16, 1863; White's Ford, Va., September 21, 1803; Jack's Shop, Va., Sep- 
tember 26, 1803 ; James City, Va., October 9, 10, 1803 ; Brandy Station, Va., 
October 11, 1«63; Buckland's Mills, Va., October 19, 1863; Stevensburg, 
Va., November 19, 1863; Morton's Ford, Va., November 26, 1863; Rich- 
mond, Va., March 1, 1864; Wilderness, Va., May 6 and 7, 1864; Beaver 
77 



610 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

Dam Station, Va., May 9, 1864; Yellow Tavern, Va., May 10 and 11, 1864; 
Meadow Bridge, Va., May 12, 1864; Milford, Va., May *^7, 1864; Hawe's 
Shop, Va., May '^8, 1864; Baltimore X Roads, Va., May 29, 1864; Cold 
Harbor, Va., i^ay 30 and June 1, 1864; Travillian Station, Va., June 11 and 
12, 1864; Cold Harbor, Va., July 21, 1864; Winchester, Va., August 11, 
1864; Front Royal, Va., August 16, 1864; Leetown, Va., August 25, 1864; 
Shepardstown, Va., August 25, 1864; Smithfield, Va., August 29, 1864; 
Berryville, Va., Septembers, 1864; Summit, Va., September 4, 1864; Ope- 
quan, Va., September 19, 1864; Winchester, Va., September 19, 1864; 
Luray, Va., September 24, 1864; Port Republic, Va., July 26, 27, and 28, 
1864; Mount Crawford, Va., October 2, 1864; Woodstock, Va., October 9, 
1864: Cedar Creek, Va., October 19, 1864; Madison Court House, Va., Decem- 
ber 24, 1864; Louisa Court House, Va., March 8, 1865; Five Forks, Va., 
March 30, 31, and April 1, 1865; South Side R. R., Va., April 2, 1855; 
Duck Pond Mills, Va., April 4, 1865; Ridge's, or Sailor's Creek, Va., April 6, 
1865; Appomattox Court House, Va., April 8 and 9, 1865; Willow Springs, 
Dakota T., August 12, 1865. 

Tlie following were the casualties among the commissioned officers of the 
regiments of the brigade during their term of seiYice: 

FIEST OAVALKT. 

Colonel Thornton F. Brodhead. Died September 2, 1862, of wounds received In action 
at Bull Kun, Va., August 30, 1862. 

Captain Augustus F. Buhl. Died September 15, 1864, of wounds received in action Aug- 
ust 25, 1864. 

Lieutenant "William M. Brevoort. Killed in action at Cold Harbor, Va., June 1, 1864. 

Lieutenant Orrin M. Bartlett. Killed in action at Five Forks, Va., April 1, 1865. 

Captain Alpheus W. Carr. Killed in action at Trevillian Station, Va., June 12, 1864. 

Lieutenant Franklin B. Clai'k. Killed accidentally while en route to Fort Leavenworth, 
Kansas. 

Captain William E. Elliott. Died July 5, 1863, of wounds received In action at Fairfield 
Gap, Va., July 4, 1863. 

Captain Albert T. Jackson. Died November 12, 1864, of wounds received in action at 
Winchester, Va., September 19, 1864. 

Lieutenant William B. Maxwell. Died of disease at Pleasant Valley, Va., March 14, 
1865. 

Lieutenant John MoUoy. Died of consumption from exposure hi service at Fort 
Bridger, U. T., February — , 1866. 

Lieutenant James S. McElhenney. Killed in action at Monterey, Md., July 4, 1863. 

Lieutentenant Frank Z. Phelps. Killed accidentally March 31, 1862. 

Lieutenant Andrew Pulver. Killed in action at Travillian Station, Va., June 12, 1864. 

Lieutenant George W. Kobinson. Killed in action October 21, 1864. 

Captain James G. Stebbins. Died of disease at Detroit, Mich., June 4, 1^62. 

Captain Charles J. Snyder. Died July 21, 1863, of wounds received at Hagerstown, 
Md., July 6, 1863. 

Captain Charles Shier, Jr. Died October 31, 1864, of wounds received in action at 
Cedar Creek, Va., October 19, 1864. 

Captain DeWitt C. Smith. Died of disease at Fort Halleck, D. T., September 16, 1865. 

Lieutenant Kobert S. Warren. Killed in action at TrevUhan Station, Va., June 12, 1864. 

Lieutenant George 0. Whitney. Killed in action at Five Forks, Va., April 1, 1865. 

FIFTH OAVAIiRY. 

Captain Benjamin F. Axtell. Died in prison at Richmond, Va. 
Major Noah H. Ferry. Killed in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 3, 1863. 
Lieutenant Henry K. Foote. Died of disease at Pooleville, Md., February 9, 1863. 
Lieutenant Edward G. Granger. Killed in action at Front Eoyal, Va., August 16, 1864. 
Lieutenant Percival T. Leggett. Killed in action at Port Conwav, Va. , September 1, 
1863. 

Captain William 0. North. Killed in action near Winchester, Va., September 19, 1864. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 611 

Captain David OHphant. Died at Detroit, Mich., June 4, 1864, of wounde received In 
action at Hawes's Shop, Va., May 28, 18G4. 

Lieutenant Henry H. Pette. Died at Detroit, Mich., November 10, 1863. 

SIXTH CAVALRY. 

Lieutenant Charles E. Bolza, Killed In action at Falling Waters. Md., July 14, 1868. 
Captain Osnier F. Cole. Killed by Indians at Toiii:ue river, M. T., August 30, 1865. 
Lieutenant Thomas E. Eddie. Killed in action at Meadow Bridge, Va., May 12, 186i. 
Lieutenant Solon H. Finney. Killed in action at Beaver Mills, Va. April 4, 1805. 
Captain James Matthews. Killed in action at Opequan Creek, Vu., Aujjust 12, 1864. 
Captain David G. Royce. Killed in action at Fallinj^ Waters, Md., July 14, 1863. 
Captain Peter A. Weber. Killed in action at Falling Waters, Md., July 14, 1863. 

SEVENTH OAVAIiBT. 

Lieutenant Colonel Melvin Brewer. Died September 25, 1864, of wounds received In 
action at Winchester Va., September 19, 1864. 

Lieutenant Lucius Carver. Killed in action at Crooked Run, Va., August 16, 1864. 

Major Heniy W. Granger. KiUed in action at Yellow Tavern, Va., May 11, 1864. 

Lieutenant Daniel W. Littlefield. Died of disease at Washington, D. C, January 6, 
1864. 

Lieutenant Joseph L. Mead. Died September 13, 1864, of wounds received in action 
August 29, 1864. 

Lieutenant Henry Canfleld. Died at Camp Douglas, Utah, March 11, 1866. 

" Lay their swords by their sides, they have served them too well 
Not to rest near their pUlows below; 
To the last moment true, from their hands ere they fell. 
Their points were still turned to a foe." 

After the surrender of Lee, the brigade, in command of Colonel Stagg, 
moved with the cavalry corps to Peteisburg, Va., where it remained for a 
short time, and then went with the army into North Carolina; from thence it 
inarched to Washington, and there participated in the "grand review" of 
the armies on the 23d of May, 1865. 

Immediately thereafter it was ordered west, and proceeded via the Baltimore 
and Ohio railroad and the Ohio and Mississippi rivers to Fort Leavenworth, 
where the 5th and portions of the other regiments were mustered out of 
service. 

From thence the regiments under orders moved across the plains to the 
Kocky mountains, for the purpose of aiding in suppressing the war then being 
waged by the several Indian tribes on citizens in the territories of the far west. 

At Fort Leavenworth the 6th was divided into detachments by order of Gen- 
eral Connor, one to constitute a part of the "Left Column Powder River 
Expedition," one to remain at Fort Laramie, and the other to escort a train 
to the Black Hills. The Powder river detachment, on reaching that point, 
found that the Indians for which it had been sent in search liad managed 
to escape, and while there it built a fort, known as Fort Keno. On that expe- 
dition Captain 0. F. Cole, of Company G, lost his life; having heedlessly 
strayed a long way from the column, he was surprised by Indians and shot to 
death with arrows. From this point a small detachment of the command was 
sent to guard a train to Virginia City, Montana, and falling in with a large 
war party of Arapaho Indians, bccan)e surrounded by them, and were 
" corrakd" for twelve days, but finally succeeded in getting intelligence of 
their condition to General Connor, when reinforcements were sent to their 
relief. Sergeant Hall, of Company L, and Private Evans of Company F, 
hoving Yolonteered, succeeded in carrying the intelligence referred to a dis- 



612 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

tance of fifty miles, through a wild aud to them an unknown country, swarm- 
ing with hostile Indians, and thereby saved the detachment. 

In September following a consolidation was effected by a muster out of a 
certain number of officers and men of each regiment, and the reserve assigned 
to what was afterwards known as the "1st Michigan Veteran Cavalry." 

This regiment was retained in service in Utah until March 10th, 18G6, when 
it was mustered out. 

The consolidation referred to, and the detention in service of officers and 
men of these regiments after they had been ordered mustered out by the War 
Department, was made the subject of a report of the Adjutant General of the 
State which gave a full history of that unlawful and most unjust affair. The 
report was based upon a correspondence opened by Governor (Jrapo with the 
War Department and the Department of the Missouri, requesting copies of all 
orders aud telegrams relating to the matter, as well as affidavits from officers 
of the regiments referred to, and sufficient were received to fully establish the 
following facts : 

1st. — That the movement of the Cavalry Brigade from St. Louis to Fort Leavenworth, 
and thence across the plains, was a hardship inflicted upon the officers and men thereof 
which, in view of the war having been ended, and in consideration of their long and faith- 
ful services, should have been spared them, deserving, as they certainly were, of a muster 
out at least at as early a day as any other troops in the service. 

2d. — That the action of Major General Pope, in ordering the breaking up and consolida- 
tion of the regiments, was wrong, unauthorized, and contrary to an existing regulation 
circular of the War Department, with which he is presumed to have been familiar at the 
time. 

3d.— That, according to General Pope's Order No. 37, of September 1st, 1865, making 
the consolidation, all the men of the 1st, 6th, and 7th Kegiments, having less than two 
years to serve should have been mustered out of service. 

4th.— That, in addition to the order of General Pope, of September 1st, 1865, directing 
the muster out of the men referred to, a circular, dated November 25th, 1865, was issued 
by the War Department for their discharge. 

5Lh. — That twelve hundred and sixteen officers and enlisted men, of the regiments 
refeiTed to, were improperly included in the consolidation, and unjustly held in service 
for six months after they had been ordered mustered out by General Pope. 

6th. — That there appears to have been available troops at or near the point where the 
consolidation was made, sufficient to have placed the required force in Utah, without 
including the Michigan Cavalry directed to be mustered out. 

7th.— 'J'hat the detention in service, by Major General Dodge, of the officers and men so 
included in the consolidation referred to, either through carelessness or by design, must be 
considered an unwarrantable and inexcusable act, and one productive of much pecuniary 
loss and suffering to the parties. 

8th.— That the improper alternative offered to the officers and men of the consolidated 
organization so unjustly held in service, either to accept an immediate discharge or remain 
in service two months longer, and then be subjected to unreasonable hardship in traveUng 
across the plains, a distance of about twelve or fifteen hundred miles, without horses or 
tents, induced them to accept terms the results of which were unknown to them at the 
time, but which afterwards proved much to their disadvantage. 

9th. — That the outlay of money from their regular pay incurred on reaching their State, 
over and above the amount allowed them by the Government as travehng expenses, in 
consequence of t\unr election to be mustered out and paid in Utah, was caused by an 
improper inducement held out to them. 

10th. — That, in consequence of the non-compliance with General Pope's order of Septem- 
ber 1st, on tlie part of those whose duty it was to liave carried it into effect, the men 
intended to hav(; been discharged under it were placed in a section of the country, at the 
time of their discliargo, so distant from their own State, and so far I'emoved from the 
common avenues of transportation, and in which the expenses of travel are so enormously 
exorbitant, that many of them will never raise money sufficient to enable them to reach 
their homes. 

Upon these facts a claim was made by the Governor to the War Department 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 618 

for commutation of transportation, whicti, on being disallowed, was promptly 
and properly presented to Congress by the Senators and Congressmen from 
this State. Ever true to the interests of the soldier, they determined that it 
should be secured and justice done, and therefore combined their influence 
and effort for that purpose, and with commendable zeal and great ability, and _ 
by close attention and much tact, procured the passage of the following enact- 
ment : 

"And be it further enacted, That there is hereby appropriated for the payment of the 
travelins; expenses of the members of the 1st Kegiment of Michis^an Cavalry from the 
place in Utah Territory where they were mustered out of service, in the year 1866, to the 
place of their enrollment, a sum sufiicient to allow to each member $325, deductuig there- 
from the amount paid to each, for commutation of travel, pay, and subsistence, by the 
Govfuiuru'iit, when thus mustered out, and that the accounts be settled and paid under 
the direction of the Secretary of War." 

This act allowed to each member of the regiment mustered out in Utah in 
18()6, about $210, which has been paid by the Government to those entitled to 
it so far as application has been made therefor. 



SECOND REGIMENT CAVALRY. 



*' One foot In the stirrup, one hand on the mane, 
One glance at the flag floating there! 
Then firm in the saddle, and loosened the rein, 
And the sword blade gleams bare." 

The Second Cavalry was organized by the Hon. P. W. Kellogg of Grand 
Eapids, then a Member of Congress, authority being given him by the Secre- 
tary of War, subject to the approval of the Governor of the State. The regi- 
ment was rendezvoused at Grand Rapids. Its recruitment was completed 
October 2, 1861, having on its muster rolls 1,163 officers and enlisted men. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Lieutenant Colonel, William C. Davis, Detroit. Majors, Robert H. G. Minty, Detroit^ 
Selden H. Gorham, Marshall; Charles P. Babcock, Grand Eapids. Surgeon, Charles S. 
Henderson, Grand Rapids. Assistant Surgeon, WUham Brownell, Utica. Adjutant, 
Peter S. Schuyler, Grand Eapids. Battalion Adjutants, Alphonzo E. Gordon, Grand Eap- 
ids; Peter A. Weber, Grand Eapids; George Lee, Grand Eapids. Quartermaster, Frank 
E. Walbridge, Kalamazoo. Battalion Quartermasters, James P. Scott, Grand Haven; 
Seymour Brownell, Utica; John A. Brooks, Newaygo. Chaplain, Francis Drew, Grand 
Eapids. 

OOHFANIES. 

A. Captain, John C. Godley, Flint. First Lieutenant, George Carter, East Saginaw. 
Second Lieutenant, Merritt Blackmer, Saginaw. 

B. Captain, Henry A. Shaw, Eaton Eapids. First Lieutenant, Philo W. Rogers, Eaton 
Rapids. Second Lieutenant, Marshall J. Dickinson, Vermontville. 

C. Captain, Eussell A. Alger, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Henry C. Whipple, Grand 
Rapids. Second Lieutenant, John M. Weatherwax, Georgetown. 

D. Captain, Benjamin Smith, Pine Plains. Fust Lieutenant, Stewart B. McCray, 
Grand Eapids. Second Lieutenant, Darwin B. Lyon, Grand Eapids. 

E. Captain, Benjamin S. Whitman, Berlin. First Lieutenant, Henry W. Sears, Muske- 
gon. Second Lieutenant, Harmon F. Nicholson, Joliet, 111. 

F. Captain, Arvine Peck, Lowell. First Lieutenant, Leonidas S. Scranton, Grand 
Eapids. Second Lieutenant, Dan. T. Fargo, Ionia. 

G. Captain, Frederick Fowler, Hillsdale. First Lieutenant, Jasper A. Waterman, 
Hillsdale. Second Lieutenant, James Hawley, Hillsdale. 

H. Captain, Chester E. Newman, Detroit. First Lieutenant, George E. Adair, Utica. 
Second Lieutenant, Alexander Grant, Utica. 

I. Captain, Charles H. GooUale, Kalamiizoo. First Lieutenant, Milo W. Barrows, Kala- 
mazoo. Second Lieutenant, George S. Hodges, Galesburg. 

K. Captain, Archibald P. Campbell, Port Huron. First Lieutenant, Moses R. Smith, 
Port Huion. Second Lieutenant, Marshall P. Thatcher, Pontiac. 

L. Captain, Bezaleel P. Wells, Niles. First Lieutenant, Andrew J. Foster, Niles. 
Second Lieutenant, John H. Hutton, Niles. 

M. Captaui, Frank W. Dickey, Marshall. First Lieutenant, Abram D. VanGordon, 
Marshall. Second Lieutenant, Thomas W. Johnston, Marshall. 

(614) 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. CI 5 

The regiment left its rendezvous, in command of Lieutenant Colonel Davies, 
on Movember 14th, 1861. Major Minty having been promoted to the lieu- 
tenant colonelcy of the 3(1 Cavalry, did not take the field with this regiment, 
Captain Godley being commissioned to fill vacancy. The 2d took the route 
to St. Louis, Mo., and on its arrival was stationed at Benton barracks, where 
Gordon Granger, then a captain in the U. S. army, who had been commis- 
sioned as colonel, assumed command. Soon after it joined the army under 
General Pope, and took part in the operations at and about New Madrid and 
Island No. JO, having skirmishes with tlie enemy at Point Pleaaar)t, March 
9th, and at Tipton on the same month. It was actively engaged in the invest- 
ment of the island, which finally led to its surrender. 

After the capture of the island referred to, it moved with the army under 
Pope to Farmington, Miss., and being in the advance it encountered the 
enemy at Pine llill, May 2d, and at Monterey on the 3d, and at Farmington 
on the 5th. 

During the siege of Corinth it was actively engaged in scouting and picket 
duty in that vicinity and in the surrounding country, accomplishing much 
hard service. 

Colonel Granger having been promoted to a brigadier general, Captain P. 
H. Sheridan, U. S. army, was appointed colonel by the following order: 

MrLiTARX Depaetivient, Michigan, 



noAN, ) 
Adjutant Genekal's Office, y 



GENERAii Ordebs, ) Detroit, May 25th, 1862 

No. 148. ) 

Captain Philip H. Sheridan, U. S. Amiy, is hereby appointed colonel of the 2d Egl- 
ment Michitrau Cavalry, to rank from this date. 

Captain Sheridan will immediately assume command of the regiment. 
By order of the Commander-in-Chief. 

JNO. KOBERTSON, 

Adjutant OeneraL 

This order was made at Pittsburg Landing, Miss., by order of Governor 
Blair, who was tiien tliere, and delivered to Captain R. A. Alger and Quarter- 
master Frank Walbridge, both of the 2d Michigan Cavalry, and by them 
delivered to Captain Sheridan, who was then at General Halleck's head- 
quarters, near Farmington. 

Colonel Sheridan assumed command at once, and was soon in the saddle. 
Li a very few days he was in the spirited fight at Boonville, one of the brightest 
minor victories of the war. 

The operations of the 2d Michigan Cavalry in that affair, as detailed in the 
following sjtecial Report made to the Adjutant General of Michigan by Dr. 
WiUiuni Bruwnell, who was then assistant surgeon of the regiment, and accom- 
panied it on that occasion : 

" During the last week of June, 18G2, Colonel Sheridan, while his regiment was sta- 
tioned at Corinth, was ordered with his brigade, consibting of the 2d Michigan (his own 
regiment), the 2d Iowa Cavalry, Colonel Hatch, and two pieces of artillery, supported by 
two compiinies of infantry, to relieve a brigade stationed at Boonville, Miss., some twenty 
miles south of Corinth, on the Mobile and Ohio railroad, being at that time the extreme 
outpot-t of the army in that direction. The movement was duly accomplished so far as 
the cavalry were concerned, but the artillery and its support did not arrive at their desti- 
nation until the evening of the 1st of July. The rebel General Chalmers, then in that 
vieinity, gaining information frt>m citizens regarding the strength of the command at 
Boonville, and expecting to make an easy conquest, attacked iSheridan's pickets at 8 
A. M. on July Is'.;, with (as was afterwards ascertained) 7,000 mounted men. At that 
hour there was but one company on picket. Company K, 2d Micliigan Cavalry, com- 



610 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

manded by Captain A. P. Campbell. Taking advantage of the cover of the woods, he 
checked the enemy long enough to receive a reinforcement of three companies, number- 
ing only from 35 to 50 men each. The ground, although presenting advantages for 
defense in woods and small hills, yet had one disadvantage in having numerous roads 
centering on Boonville, by which the enemy could approach in almost any direction. The 
2d Michigan Cavalry was armed at the time with Colt's revolving rifle and pistol, making 
twelve shots to a man, either of them very destructive at from 25 to 80 rods. The men 
of the regiment had been drilled by Colonels Granger and Sheridan to fight mounted and 
dismounted, either as cavalry or sharp-shooters, as the nature of the engagement might 
demand. When, therefore, they were attacked by Chalmers, and his fire returned with 
so much power and effect from troops on foot, he thought he had been misinformed as to 
the strength of the force at Boonville. He advanced with double hues dismounted, and 
double columns on either flank, mounted, with fines extendhig far enougli to swing round 
on eitlier flank, rendering the position of Captain Campbell in great danger of being sur- 
rounded and his force captured, while a solid column charged in the center on tlie load. 
Their charge was met gallantly by comparatively a mere handful of men, with such effect 
that they staggered back, and many feU almost at the muzzle of the rifles. Taking 
advantage of their momentary wavering, a new position was chosen a few rods to the 
rear, and Campbell was again in readiness to meet them. Inch by inch the ground was 
contested by the desperate fighting of the 2d Michigan, nobly protected on the flank by 
the 2d Iowa. Every man seemed to know his strength, and to take pride in using it to 
the fullest extent. When a charge was made by the enemy, instead of taking to tlieir 
horses, which were kept under cover a few rods in the rear, they emptied their rifles of 
six shots at long range, then drew their revolvers, and before they hud given them six 
more the enemy never failed to turn to tlie rear in confusion. 

" This continued until about 2 P. M., the command having fallen back about a mile and 
a half, and to within half a mile of the camp, when Colonel Sheridan, Unding the enemy 
most determined, and affairs becoming critical, viewing at a glance the situation, ordered 
one battalion by a circuitous route to charge the enemy in the rear — 200 men to charge 
7^000! — yet they did it gallantly. At the same time, a supply train arriving from Corinth, 
Sheridan oi-dered the engineer to give a Uvely and cheering blast with l>is whistle, and 
the reserve to yell with a will, thus leading the enemy to befieve that reinfoicements 
were arriving; he withdrew his force to Tupelo, and left Sheridan and his handful of biave 
men masters of the fleld. 

"Next day 125 of the enemy's killed were buried and numbers of his wounded were 
left at houses in the neighborhood, and he carried off fuU loads of wounded in his ambu- 
lances. The 2d Michigan lost forty-one in killed and wounded." 

General Rosecrans's evidence before the committee on the Conduct of the 
War, was as follows : 

" General Pope receiving leave of absence, the command of the Army of the Missis- 
sippi devolved on me as the next in rank, whereupon I directed General Sheridan with a 
brigade of cavalry to take post at Boonville, at which pomt we had previously a baltalion, 
A day or two after his arrival, the rebel General Chalmers, with eleven regiments and 
parts of regiments of cavalry, attacked him; but such was the vigor and energy with 
which Sheridan handled his troops, one regiment (2d Michigan) of which was armed with 
revolving rifles, that the enemy were defeated, and this defeat gave our cavalry, consist- 
ing of only four regiments, the mastery of the country within the scope of its travel from 
that time forth, and constituted an epoch in its history in that region. " 

A correspondent wrote at the time: 

"The regiment, in command of Colonel Phil. H. Sheridan, who on May 25th had been 
appointed to the command of it by the Governor of Michigan, as its colonel, was ordered 
to join the expedition of Colonel Elliott, having in view the destruction of the Mobile and 
Ohio railroad at Boonville, Miss., on June 1st. The command alter making a circuit of 
about one hundred miles or more in rear of the rebel army, then concentrated at Corinth, 
burned the railroad bridge at Boonville, captured a great quantity of arms of ah kinds, 
destroying a large supply train. On the morning of the 30tli May, Sheridan repulsed an 
attack of the enemy's cavalry under command of Colonel McNairy, driving them in great 
confusion. 

"On arriving at Corinth the regiment was ordered to join the army near Boonville, 
then pursuing the forces of Beauregard after the evacuation of Coruitli. While on a 
reconnoissance with the cavalry und(U- Elliott to Blackland, Sheridan encountered the 
left wing of the enemy's forces at that point on June Ist. Being in the advance with the 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 617 

2d Michigan he was attaclced by two regiments of infantr>', two regiments of cavalry, and 
a battery of artillery, which he gallantly repulsed, bringing ofT Powell's battery, then fell 
back on the main force near Boonville. On a reconnoissancc with his regiment on Juno 
Gth he encountered Forrest's rebel cavalry at Donelson's cross-roads, between BoonvlUo 
and Baldwin, completely routing them. On Juno 8th, in command of the 2d Miehigan 
and 2d Iowa cavalry, ho pursued the enemy who were evacuating their position on 
Twenty-mile Creek, and which falling back to Tupelo, altinkcd the rt^bels at Baldwin, 
driving them back lo GunLown, where he forced tliem lo form a teUong Une with infantry, 
cavalry, and artillery, which proved too formidable to attack, and ho was ordered back to 
Boonville and tlicnce proceeded with the army to Corinth. 

"On the 11th, Sheridan assumed command of the 2d brigade of the cavalry division, 
army of the Mississippi, composed of the 2d Michigan and 2d Iowa Cavalry. On the 26th 
he was ordered to take a position at Boonville, twenty miles in front of the main army. 
There he was attacked on July 1st by nine regiments of rebel cavalry under General 
Chalmers, estimated at from five to six thousand. After considerable sharp skirmishing, 
he fell back on the edge of a swamp, a .strpng position, where he expected lo hold the 
enemy in check, but on tindiiig that he was being surrounded ho resorted to strategy, 
selecting ninety of his best men well armed with revolving rifles and sabres, and sent 
them to attack in the rear while he would charge in front at the same time. 'The attack 
in rear was promptly and gallantly made with rifles and then a charge with sabres, and 
before the enemy had recovered from this sudden and uidooked-for attack, they were 
vigorously charged on in front by Sheridan, and being utterly routed fled in great disor- 
der, pursued by this small force to Knight's Mills, some twenty mih^s or over, while the 
road over which they had passed was strewn with arms and clothing of every description. 
This defeat of nearly six thousand with two small regiments won for Sheridan his lirst 
star, his commission as brigadier dating from that day. 

"In August following he was attacked near Rienzi by a large command of cavalry 
under Cohmel Faulkner which he signally defeated, and drove to within a few miles of 
Hipley, dispersing the whole force and capturing a large number of prisoners and arms. 
He remained with his brigade in that locality until September 7th, when with his old reg- 
imeDt, the 2d Michigan, he was ordered to join the army in Kentucky. " 

Colonel Sheridan having been appointed a Brigadier General, to nink from 
July 1, lh62, he roconunended to the Governor tlie pruuiotiou of Lieutenant 
Colonel A. P. Campbell to fill the vacancy. 

Following is an extract from Sheridan's letter in the matter, under date of 
July 14th : 

" In making this appointment I have been influenced entirely by the interests of the 
public service, the honor of your State, and the reputation of my regiment. 

"In the numerous conflicts in which the regiment has been engaged, Lieutenant Colo- 
nel Campbell has exhibited the quaUties of a good soldier and a skillful commander. 

"His appointment has met the approval of the entire regiment. 

"I respectfully call your attention to the list of officers forwarded to you for appoint- 
ment on the 20th June last. 

The public interest, the discipline and success of the regiment, make it a necessity 
that those vacancies should be filled at once. 

"Will you have the kindness, Governor, to give this your immediate attention." 

The regiment moved to the field in Kentucky via Louisville, and was in the 
iidvaiice id the movement from that point on PerryviUe, engaged the enemy's 
rear guard, from time to time, meeting a sLubburn resistance, but their long 
range repeating rifles soon made the way clear, — dislodging the enemy from 
every cover. Arriving in the vicinity of PerryviUe, the regiment having the 
advance soon became engaged. 

On the first attack of the rebels at PerryviUe, which commenced early in the 
morning on Colonel McCook's command, the 30th Brigade, they appeared 
upon the right and left in great numbers, planting a battery in front ami com- 
menced pouring a shower of sluapnell upon the iJOth. For an hour this was 
continued. As soon as the position of tlie battery was ascertained, B.irneti's 
Illinois battery, by a few wlU directed shots, sdenced it. But the rebel artillery 
again rallied and again opened fire, and again were driven oH; a second time 
78 



618 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

they returned and met with the same fate, then the firing ceased entirely. 
The silencing of the battery seemed to check the enemy and they retired into 
the woods, the brigade retaining undisputed possession of the contested 
ground. 

An advancing force of Union cavalry pursuing in the direction the enemy 
had taken was soon furiously attacked. A battalion of the 2d Michigan Cav- 
alry, Colonel Campbell commanding, was at once dismounted, while the other 
two were thrown under cover of the woods. The dismounted battalion 
advanced upon the enemy, assisted by the 52d Ohio, and after a sharp skirmish 
drove them from the woods. They soon rallied, however, and receiving some 
re-enforcements, they forced our skirmishers and cavalry to retire, contesting 
every foot of the ground. 

The fight now became deeply interesting. On came the enemy, pouring 
heavy volleys into the ranks of the 2d Michigan and other cavalry, and pushing 
it gradually back until it occupied the position from which it first advanced 
towards the woods. The situation was critical. If the enemy was not imme- 
diately checked disastrous results might be expected. The 2d Missouri came 
gallantly up to the rescue and with deafening cheers advanced upon the enemy. 
The 2d Michigan re-animated by this assistance, advanced as skirmishers 
before the 2d Missouri, and the 15th Missouri came after as a support 
In vain the enemy opened upon the advancing line a murderous fire. A con- 
tinuous storm of leaden hail raged around them. The 2d Missouri steadily 
moved forward until the dismayed and conquered rebels broke and fled. For 
more than a mile the conquerors pursued and only gave up the chase when 
they were ordered back to their first position. 

The 2d Michigan was more or less engaged during the rest of the day ; the 
battle continuing until darkness put an end to the contest. During the night 
and next morning the enemy fell back to Harrodsburg followed by the cavalry 
and other troops. The regiment encountered the enemy there on the 10th, 
on the 12th at Lancaster, and subsequently at Rocastle river. 

Pursuit having been discontinued by orders of General Buell, the enemy 
pushed forward through Cumberland Gap into East Tennessee. 

During November it continued in Kentucky. In December, 1862, and 
January, 1863, it participated in the raid under General Carter into East 
Tennessee, severing the enemy's railroad communications and destroying sup- 
plies. During this expedition which occupied twenty-two days of unusually 
hard service, the regiment was engaged in several severe skirmisiies; at 
Blountsville, Zolikoffer and Watanaga. 

Soon after the Carter raid it proceeded to Louisville, and on February 3d, 
thence to Nashville. During February and March, it was stationed at Mur- 
freesboro and Franklin. It made many important reconnoissances on the 
roads leading out of these places, and had numerous skirmishes with the reb- 
els. In February it was eiigaged on the IStli near MiUon, on the 19lh at 
Cainsville, and on the 27th near Spring Hill. On the 4ih and 5tli of March, 
it had a severe skirmish with the enemy under Generals Vandorn and ForiesL, 
on the Columbia Pike, the regiment losing 1 killed, 4 wounded, and 1 
captured. 

On the 4th a reconnoissance in force in command of Colonel Coburn, was 
sent out from Franklin on the Columbia pike, composed of the 33d and 85lh 
Indiana, 22d Wisconsin, and 19ih Michigan, numbering in all then constitut- 
ing Colonel Coburn's brigade, and including 200 of the 12Lh Ohio, with 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 619 

detachments of three regiments of cavalry, about 600 strong, and one battery 
of six guns. The cavalry included two battalions of the 2d Michigan cavalry, 
in command respectively of Major L. S. Scraiiton and Lieutenant M. P. 
Thatcher. 

About four miles out the scouts and advance pickets of the enemy were met, 
when sharp skirmishing commenced, in which the I'Jth participated with slight 
loss. In the skirmish the enemy was driven buck with a loss of fifteen killed 
and wounded. Moving forward he was again encountered at a short distance, 
but night coming on ti)e force went into camp. 

Early on the morning of the 5th the march was resumed, leaving the I24tb 
Ohio in charge of the wagon train. After marching about two miles the cav- 
alry met the enemy's pickets and a heavy skirmish was coiuinued until the 
command came in sight of Thompson's Station, the enemy falling back. 
Advancing a short distance, and where the railroad joins the pike, the enemy 
opened fire with a heavy battery. Colonel Coburn immediately formed his 
line, and ordered a section of the battery to occupy a hill on the left of the 
pike, sending the 19th Michigan and 22d Wisconsin to support it. The 33d 
and 85th Indiana, with the other guns of the battery, took position on a hill 
on the right. The enemy had two batteries on a range of hills three-quarters 
of a mile in front, and south of the position occupied by the Union troops. 
The Slid and 85ih Indiana made a demonstration on the left of the enemy to 
draw him out or charge his batteries according to circumstances. 

A heavy engagement soon ensued, the Union forces making a determined 
fight, but it was a hopeless struggle; finally the Union troops succumbed to 
largely superior numbers, and a large portion of the force surrendered. 

The trains and artillery were nearly surrounded, when the two battalions of 
the 2d Michigan took a position to cover their retreat, and by a heavy skir- 
mish fire from their Colt's revolvers, and falling back rapidly at the same time, 
from cover to cover, but presenting a bold front, until driven by force of 
numbers, cheeked Forrest's cavalry long enough to save the I8th Ohio Cavalry 
and the trains. 

From the 8th to the 12th it participated in an important reconnoissance, 
during which the enemy were drivetj across Duck river. March 25th it had 
a sharp encounter with a large force of rebels under Stearns and Forrest, kill- 
ing and wounding a large number of the enemy, and capturing 52 j)ri8oner8 
and a number of wagons loaded with arms, amniunition, and baggage, with a 
loss to the regiment of 1 died of wounds, 6 wounded, and 2 missing. On the 
4th of June, while returning to Franklin from Triune, it had a brisk skirmish, 
with a loss of 2 killed and 3 wounded. Marching to Triune on the Gth, it 
remained at that point until the advance of the army from Murfreesboro, 
when it moved forward with the cavalry division to which it was attached. 

On the 23d it was engaged at Rover, on the 24th it drove the enemy through 
Middletown, and on the 2?th charged the rebels into Shelbyville. On the 2d 
of July it aided in driving the enemy from Elk River Ford, and on the 3d 
from Cowan. In the early part of September the regiment was actively 
engaged in scouting among the mountains near Chattanooga, and m ^'orlheru 
Georgia. 

On the 18th, 19th, and 20th of that month it was in the great battle of 
Chickamaui;a, charging on the rear ol Briigg's army at Fayetteville, capturing 
lb nien on picket, gaining iui{)oriant infoimation, tlien ascending the moun- 
tains reported to Rosecrans, and again moved down in rear of the battle-tield 



■620 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

at Crawfish Springs, where it assisted in holding an important point, with the 
enemy on the right and left and in front. 

In tlie engagement of the 20th, Captain James Hawley was killed while 
serving on the staff of General Stanley. 

Leaving Katikin's Ferry, on the Tennessee, October 3d, the regiment par- 
ticipated in the chase after the rebel cavalry under General Wheeler, who 
were then engaged in ma'dng a raid on the comrnunicatioas of the army. 
During the pursuit of Wlieeler the regiment crossed the Cumberland moun- 
tains, marching on the 3d, 4th, and 5th of October 103 miles, and on the 6th, 
7th, and 8th 82 miles, the greater portion of the distance over rough and 
mountainous roads, and became engaged with the enemy at Anderson's Cross- 
roads. October 3 1st the regiment was encamped at Winchester, Tenn. Dur- 
ing the year it had killed and disabled a large number of the enemy, und 
captured mauy prisoners, horses, wagons, etc. 

At this time the regiment, in command of Major L. S. Scranton, was serv- 
ing in the 1st brigade, commanded by Colonel Campbell, 1st cavalry division, 
Army of the Cumberland. 

From its camp at Winchester it proceeded on November 1st on a forag- 
ing expedition to Fayetteville, securing about 400 bushels of wheat, 65 
head of beef cattle, between 500 and 600 sheep, and a number of horses and 
mules. Ijcaviiig Winchester on the 16th, the regiment moved, via Shelby- 
■ville, Murfreesboro, and Milton, to Liberty, thence to Sparta, and over the 
Cumberland mountains and through Crossville, Kingston, and Knoxville, to 
Strawberry Plains, in East Tennessee, fording the Ilol>ton river, and arriving 
at its destination on the i7ih of December. On the 23d the regiment marciied, 
via New Market, to Dandridge, where at daylight on the 24th it participated 
in an attack on a superior force of the enemy. The fight lasted during the day, 
the Union forces falling back at night to New Market. The loss of the regi- 
ment was 2 killed, 8 wounded and 10 taken prisoners. 

Dr. Biowiiell in a report says of his regiment in this affair: 

"Near Dandridge, East Tennessee, December 24th, 1863, Colonel A. P. Campbell, In 
■command of a brigatle of cavalry, composed of the 2d Michigan, yth Pennsylvania, and 
1st Tennessee, attacked and diove a portion of the enemy's cavahy through that place, 
and then halted north of the town, with no enemy in sight. At 2 P. M., same day, the 
rebels, under cover of the hills and by a curve in the road, rapidly pushed in, in rear of 
the command, with two brigades of cavalry, cutting Colonel Campbell off from his only 
source of retreat. The enemy, at the first dash, captured two pieces of artilleiy, but 
they were immediately recaptured and pushed to the rear. Colonel Campbell at once 
deti'i-mined to cut his way out by the left flank, which, by a bold and gallant dash, was 
accomplished. The command then fell steadily back before this superior force, lighting 
desperately on foot, and so closely followed by the enemy that for four hours it was 
found impossible to bring the artillery into position. Just at dark the guns were bi-ought 
to bear and opened witli much vigor, checking the enemy, thereby giving the brigade an 
opportunity to form in good shape, when it mounted, and, unpursued tliereafter by the 
enemy, reached its camp at New Market, with a loss of 20 in killed, wounded, and 
missing. " 

Following is an extract from a telegram to General Foster, commanding the 
de[)artnicnt, dated Headquarters Cavalry Corps, New Market, Tenn., Decem- 
ber 24ti), 1863: 

8.30 P. M. — Colonel Campbell deserves great credit for the masterly manner in which 
he extricated himself. S. D. STURGIS, 

Brig. Gen. Commanding Cav. Corps. 

On the 25th the regiment encamped at Mo.-sy Creek. It remained at and 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAIi. 621 

near this place until the 14th of January, 1864, having on the 29th of Decem- 
ber previous a skirmish with the rebels, in which its casualties were 1 killed, 1 
wounded, and 2 taken prisoners. On the 14th of January the regiment marched 
to Dundridge, and on the ITih skirmished with the enemy wiio were advanc- 
ing on Kno;[ville under General Longstreet. On the 19tli the regiment fell 
back to Knoxville, and again crossing the Ilolston river it bivouacked on the 
23d on Flat Creek, and on the 2Gth on Pigeon river. Marching at midnight 
on the 2(>tli it participated in an attack the next day on a brigade of rebel 
cavalry, from whom it cjtptured '6 pieces of artillery and 75 prisoners, the loss- 
of the rcirinient being 11 wounded and 2 missing. 

In relation to this affair Lieutenant Boyuton, 8th Michigan Cavalry, in a 
communication to the Port Huron Press, says: 

"On the 27th of January the enemy came up with the intention of attackiii<r us and 
driving us back to Knoxville. Colonel Campbell's and Colonel Lajjianj^e's brif^ades were 
ordered out to attack them and drive them back. This they did splendidly, driving them 
some six miles. At this point the enemy took position on a hill with their artillery and 
checked our advance. It was a difficult position to attack without severe loss. Colonel 
Campbell was not disposed to sacrifice life unless it was absolutely necessary, and 
was inclined to try a little strategy. To the right of the enemy was a thick pi<3ce of 
woods. Here he conceived the idea to plant a piece of artillery and take the rebels by 
sui'prise. Going to the captain of the battery connected with his brigade, he said: 
'Captain, can you take one of your guns and place it in yonder woods?' 'Colonel,' 
replied the captain, 'by heaven, I dare put it wherever you say, if it is in h— II' 'Well,' 
says the Colonel, 'I will go with you.' So, taking a part of the 2d Michigan Cavalry to 
suppoit the gun, he took a circuit to the right and succeeded in phuiting the piece so- 
close to the enemy that, as the colonel afterwards remarked, 'you could see the white* 
of their eyes.' Before they were aware that any part of our force had reached that spot 
the colonel had opened out on them and a general skedaddle took place, the enemy leav- 
ing three pieces of artillery on the field. Colonel Campbell ordered a charge to be made, 
which was done in a gallant manner. They drove the enemy in great confusion, captur- 
ing between two and three hundred, and scattering them in all directions. For this gal- 
lant conduct the colonel received the following official communication: 

" 'Headquarters Cavalry Corps, D. C, / 
" ' Maysville, Tenn., February 2d, lt>04. \ 

" ' Colonel Campbell, Commanding 1st Brigade Cavalry Division, D. C: 

" ' General Sturgis, commanding the cavalry, directs me to inform you that it gives him. 
great pleasure to thank you, in the name of Major General John G. Foster, commanding 
the dejiartment, for your gallantry in the engagement of the 27th ult. , when your brigade 
drove the enemy from every position, finally driving him from the field with severe los&- 
and in great confusion. 

" ' I have the honor to be, Colonel, very respectfully your most obedient servant, 

" 'WM. C. RANDKE, 
•' ' Captain A. D. C, U. S. A.' " 

On the 4th of March following the regiment arrived at Calhoun, and on tha 
12th at Cleveland, Tenn. On the 29th of March three hundred and twenty- 
tix of the regiment reiinlisted and were mustered in as veteran volunteers. On 
the 14th of April these veterans left Cleveland for Michigan, and on arrival 
at Jackson were furloughed for thirty days. Breaking camp at Cleveland on 
the 3d uf May tlie regiment moved with the army under General Sherman on 
tiie Geoigia campaign, and on the 11th marched through 'lunncl Hill to Dug 
Gap. It passed tlirough the Gap on the 13th, skirmishing with the enemy. 
On the following day, while in the advance, it lost in a skirmish 1 killed and 
3 wounded. The regiment constructed breastworks at Tilton on the ISth^ 
but the next day it crossed the Coosa waters ana continued the advance, arriv- 
ing at Cassville Station on the 20th. On the 23d it forded the Etowah. la 
successive skirmishes it lost 2 men wounded on the 24th, 2 more on the 26th, 



623 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

and on the 27th it lost 1 wounded and 2 missing; 5 men were also wounded 
on the 28th. On the 2d and 5th the regiment skirmished with the enemy on 
the Ackworth and Dallas road, and on the 17th reached the summit of Lost 
Mountain. On the 29Lh of June the regiment moved by raih'oad to Frank- 
lin, Tenn., where it arrived on the 10th of July. It was here joined by the 
reenlisted men who had returned to the State on veteran furlough. From the 
latter date to the 29th of August the regiment was employed in guarding the 
railroad from Nashville to Rutherford's Creek, whence it marched to Nush- 
ville, and on the 30th moved out on the Murfreesboro road in pursuit of the 
forces under the rebel General Wheeler. Meeting the enemy twelve miles 
from Nashville, it charged and drove them several miles. From this time to 
the 8th of September the regiment was engaged in the pursuit of Wheelei^'s 
forces, skirmishing with them near Campbeltville on the 5th of September. 
On the 7th the regiment arrived at Florence, Ala», and again returned to 
Franklin on the 12th. On the 25th it started from Franklin in pursuit of 
the forces of General Forrest, who was then engaged in a raid through Ten- 
nessee, and on the 27th engaged them durnig the day. The command 
marched via Counersville, Shelbyville, and Tulhihoma to Winciiester, thence 
by Normandy, Lewisburg, Shelbyville, Mooresville, and Tallerea to Florence, 
Ala., where it arrived on the 5th of October. On the 7th the regiment, in 
command of Colonel Thomas Johnston, who had been promoted to the colonelcy 
to rank from December 31st, 1864, engaged the enemy on Cypress river, los- 
ing 2 killed, 3 wounded, and 1 taken prisoner. Among the killed was Lieuten- 
ant Russell T. Darrow. 

A correspondent wrote as follows: 

" We are in pursuit of Wheeler. Having just one moment's leisure I give the particu- 
lars of to-day's fight. After resting the most of last night, we brolie camp at daylight 
this morning, our regiment leading the brigade. Our advance coming up with the John- 
nies, about 8 o'clock A. M., a skirmish ensued which was kept up until we formed m line 
of battle (dismounted) just where we did almost every day last spring, a year ago, and of 
xjourse we were at home. 

" We had our line scarcely formed when they attacked us, as though we were made to 
run at the sight of them. The 1st East Tennessee Cavalry, and 4:th Kentucky Mounted 
Infanti-y, having formed on our right, then the whole hne being supported by detach- 
ments of the 6th Kentucky and 8th Iowa Cavalry. They charged our right, left, and 
center, but each time rolled back, paying dearly for their rashness, our Spencers cutting 
them up fearfully. Though they outnumbered us four to one, men and officers stood 
nobly to their posts, although the day was the hottest of the season. In less than three 
hours after the fight began we forced them to retire, leaving their dead and wounded in 
our hands. The casualties of the regiment were one killed and three slightly wounded, 
not including Lieutenant Levi Brown, who received a flesh wound in the left shoulder. 
Lieutenant H. H. Sanborn, acttug Adjutant, while carrying orders to the line, had his 
horse shot from under him and was severely hurt. Colonel Jim Brownlow, of the 1st 
Tennessee Cavalry, was shot through both thighs. The rebel loss is one Geneial, one 
Colonel, three line officers, and seventeen enlisted men left dead on the field. During the 
first two days, we captured about one hundred and sixty prisoners, hicluding two sur- 
geons and one captain, and two line oflicers. We shall continue the pursuit at sunset. " 

The regiment then marched by Pulaski, Rodgersville, and Marmion, to Four 
Mile Creek, Ala., where it encamped frc»m the 17th to the 29th, when the 
rebel army under General Hood crossed the Tennessee. The regiment was 
engaged during the remainder of the month, with its brigade, in checking the 
rebel advances. On the oOth it encountered the enemy at Raccoon Fonl, but 
was obliged to retire. On the 31st of October the regiment marched to Sugar 
Creek, and during the year had marched over 1,364 miles, exclusive of marches 
when on picket and patrol duty. On November 1st it marched from Blue 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. G..'3 

Waters towards Shoal Creek, Alabama, and was attacked by tlie enemy at 
that point on the 5th, and after a gallant defense was forced back to Four 
Mile creek, sustaining a heavy loss. From the 9th to the 14th it was in camp 
doing ordinary scouting and picket duty. On the 15th it broke camp and 
made a reconnoissance to the right of its position, and encamped at Taylor's 
Springs, and remained there until the 20th, when it marched to Lexington, 
Tenn., and on the 21st to Lawrenceburg, where it wire attacked by the enemy 
on the afternoon of that day, and fell back towards Campbellsville and near 
Columbia, skirmishing at both these points. The 25th it crossed Uuck river, 
engaging the* enemy on that and the two succeeding days, and on the 2Sth was 
in line of battle near the Lewisburg pike. On the 29th it retired to Spring 
Hill, and was engaged in skirmishing during the day at that place and at 
Bethesda Church. On the bOth it was engaged at Franklin, fighting all day, 
sustaining a loss of 1 killed, 17 wounded, and 3 missing. The regiment 
marched from near Franklin, December 1st, to within a few miles of Kash- 
ville, and was in line of battle during the night. On the 2d, passed through 
that city, crossing the Cumberland river, went into camp at EdgefieM, and 
remained there until the 12th, when it recrossed the Cumberland, passing 
through Nashville, and encamped on the Charlotte pike. On the loth it 
advanced about two miles, dismounted and skirmished during that day and 
next ; at sunset mounted and proceeded in the direction of the Harpeth river, 
swimming that stream, and thence marched to Spring Hill. Crossing Duck 
river on the 23d, and passing through Columbia on the 24:th, it met the enemy 
at Richland creek, and fought him all day, charging and driving him sixteen 
miles, losing 1 killed and 6 wounded; skirmishing at Pulaski on the 25th, 
and at Sugar Creek on the 26th, passing Taylor's Springs on the 28th, reach- 
ing Waterloo on the 31st. 
A correspondent says : 

•' This regiment left Edgefield December 12th, passed through Nashville and camped 
on the Charlotte pike, near the rebel lines. On the morning of the 15th, marched out on 
the right of our army; fought the enemy near the Cumberland river, drove them all day, 
and near night commenced swinging around towards the center, and camped several 
rbiles from the river. On the 16th moved but a few miles, driving the rebels in on their 
center; 17th, crossed the Franklin pike to our left fiank, marched south, swam the Har- 
peth river, capturing a large number of prisoners. Passed over the ground where we 
fought on the 30th of November; the rebel graves there made the place look like a grave- 
yard. Wo learned from prisoners that the rebels had, on the 3d, a division of infantry 
and a brigade of cavalry that were delayed thus by our regiment; they were uncertain 
as to what force was there. The slaughter with which their charges were repulsed led 
them to think that we had a larger force, and they maneuvered with their heavy force 
nearly all day. If they had moved on Franklin the result there might have been different. 
On the 18th we moved on the flank of the rebels as far as Spiing Hill; were delayed in 
crossing Di^ck river on account of the pontoons taking the wrong road. On the '24th our 
brigade had the advance and came up with the rebels a few miles below Columbia. The 
2d Michigan had the advance of the brigade. A part of the biigade, by mistake or design, 
separated from the balance, and the 2d Michigan and a part of the 1st Tennessee did the 
fighting. The Chicago Board of Trade Battery kept up, and did very good <'xecution. 
The rebels had a division of cavalry as rear guard. We drove them IG miles and made a 
charge through Louisville. The orders were to move on and not stop to fight, but we 
found it convenient to stop and fight several times duiing the day. At night, when we 
were ordered to go into camp, we found that the ground we wished to camp on was occu- 
pied by the enemy. It was growing dark, but the 2d Michigan thought a good (.uinping 
ground was worth fighting for; they dismounted and diove the rebels out, and took pos- 
session of their fires, already lighted. The next day the whole cavalry force followed the 
rebels through Pulaski, capturing prisonei-s, wagons, ammunition, guns, etc. The 2d 
Brigade left tlie cavalry command December 28th, 40 miles above here. We arrived here 
last night, and found gunboats and transports with rations. Since we left Nashville the 



6M MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

eavalry has done a great deal of service, capturing many prisoners and guns, and the 2<J 
Michigan has nobly maintained its former reputation. The regiment is well mounted and 
in good health. This is the third time the regiment has come down from Nashville to th(^ 
Tennessee river since September 1st: once after "Wheeler, then after Forrest, then after 
Hood." 

The regiment was engaged at Priceton Yard January 6th, 1865, and on 
the 17th broke camp at Waterloo, crossing the Tennessee river and passing- 
through Eastport, luka, and Burnsville, Miss., taking six prisoners; thence 
proceeded to Corinth and Farmington on the 19th, engaging the enen)y at 
Corinth and returning via luka, taking five prisoners, and thence via East- 
port, crossing the Tennessee river, reached Waterloo on the 21st, and 
remained there until March the 11th, when breaking camp, it re-crossed the 
Tennessee river, marched to Chickasaw, Ala., and was there in camp until the 
2:id, when it again broke camp, passing through Frankfort and Russelville 
on the 24th, crossed Big Ford Creek on the 25th, reaching Eldridge on the 
26th, passed Jasper and crossed the Mulberry river on the 28th, and Black 
Warrior river on the 29th, and on the 30th reached Elyton. Crossed Black 
Warrior again on April 1st at Johnston's Ferry, swimming the horses. Skir- 
mished with the enemy on the 2d at Triou, and on the 3d arrived at Tusca- 
loosa, surprising and taking prisoners the pickets, capturing the city, three 
cannon, and taking a large number of prisoners. After destroying a large 
number of buildings containing rebel stores and burning the bridge, the reg- 
iment marched to Bridgeville, where it was attacked on the 6th, and after a 
brisk engagement, with a loss of three wounded, repulsed the enemy. Con- 
tinuing the march toward Northport, passed it and Windham's Springs. On 
the 13th crossed Wolf Creek ; on the 14th, Lost Creek and Black Water; oq 
the 19th, Black Warrior, and the Coosa at Lull's Ferry, on the 22d reaciiing^ 
Talladaga. Skirmished with General Hill's brigade on the 23d, losing two 
killed and taking one piece of artillery. Crossed a branch of the Talladaga 
on the 24th, and the Tallapoosa on the 25th, passing through Bowden, Ga. 
Crossing the Chattahoochee on the 16th, and marching via Isleroman and 
Forsyth, arriving May 1st at Macon, where it remained in camp until July 
17th, when the regiment was broken up into detaciiments, which were sent to 
garrison Perry, Thomaston, Barnsville, Forsyth, and Milledgeville, two corn- 
companies, with the headquarters, remaining at Macon. On the 17th of 
August it was mustered out of service, and in command of Colonel Johnston 
arrived in the State August 26th, and was paid olf and disbanded at Jackson. 

During its service it had engaged the enemy at Point Pleasant, Mo., March 
9, 1862; Tiptonville, Mo., March — , 1862; New Madrid, Mo., March 13, 
1862; Island No. 10, Mo., March 14 to April 7, 1862; Pine Hill, Miss., May 
2, 1862; Monterey, Miss., May 3,1862; Farmington, Miss., May 5, 1862; 
siege of Corinth, Miss, May 10 to oO, 1862; Boonville, Miss., June 1, 1862; 
Blackland, Miss., June 5, 1862; Baldwin, Miss., June — , 1862; Boon- 
ville, Miss., July 1, 1862; Keinzie, Miss., August — , 1862; Perryville, 
Ky., October 8, 1862; Harodsburg, Ky., October 10, 1862; Lancaster, 
Ky., October 12, 1862; Rocastle river, Ky., October — , 1862; Estill- 
ville, Va., 1862; Blountsville, Tenn., 1862; Zolikoffer, Tenn., 1862; 
Wautanaga, Tenn., 1862; Jonesville, Va., 1862; Bacon Creek, Ky., 
December 24, 1862; Glasgow, Ky., December—, 1862; Milton, Tenn., Feb- 
ruary 18, 1863; Cainesville, Tenn., February 19, 1863; Spring Hill, Tenn., 
February 2y, 1863; Columbia, Tenn., March 4 and 5, 1863; Hillsboro, Tenn., 
March 12, 1863 ; Broniwood, Tenn., March 25, 1863 ; McGarvick's Ford, 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 625 

Tenn., April, 1863; Triune, Tenn., Jiiiie4, 18r,3;Kover, Tenn., June 23, 1863 ; 
Middletown, Tenn., June 24, 18G3; Shelbyville, Tenn., June 27, 18(J3 ; Elk 
River Ford, Tenn., July 2, 1863; Deeliurd, Tenn., July 4. 1863; Chicku- 
n)uuga, Gu., September 18, 19, and 20, 1863; Anderson X Roads, Tenn., 
October, 1863; Si)arta, Tenn., December, 1863; Dundridge, Tenn., December 
24, 1863; Mossy Creek, Tenn., December 29, 1863; Dundridge, Tenn., Jan- 
uary 17, 1864; Pigeon River, Tenn., January 27, 1864; Dug Gap, Ga., May 13 
and 14. 1864; Red Clay, Ga., May, 1864; Etowah River, Ga., May 24, 26, 27, 
and 28, 1864; Ackworth, Tenn., June 2 and 5, 1864; Nashville, Tenn., 
August 30, 1864; Campbellsville, Tenn., September 5, 1864; Kranklin, Tenn., 
September 27, 1864; Cypress River, Tenn., October 7, 1864; Raccoon Ford, 
Tenn., October 30, 1864; Shoal Creek, Tenn., November 5, 1864; Lawrence- 
burg, Tenn., November 21, 1864; Campbellsville, Tenn., November 24, 1864; 
Columbia, Tenn., November 25, 26, and 27, 1864; Spring Hill, Tenn., 
November 29, 1864; Bethesda Church, Tenn., November 29, 1864; Franklin, 
Tenn., November 30, 1864; Nashville, Tenn., December 15 and 16, 1864; 
Richland Creek, Tenn., December 24, 1864; Pulaski, Tenn., December 25, 
1864; Sugar Creek, Term., December 26, 1864; Priceton Yard, Tenn., Jan- 
uary 6, 1865; Corinth, Miss., February, 1865; Tuscaloosa, Ala., April 1, 
1865; Trion, Ala., April 2, 1865; Bridgeville, Ala., April 6, 1865; Talladaga. 
Ala., April 23, 1865. 

It had borne on its rolls 2,425 oflHcers and men. Total loss of the regiment 
while in service, 338, as follows: Killed in action, 2 officers and 45 men ; died 
of wounds received in action, 23 men ; died of disease, 2 officers and 266 men. 

" Forget not the field where they perished, 
The truest, the last of the brave, 
All gone — and the bright hope we cherished 
Gone with them, and quenched in their gravel" 

Notes. — The following editorial was taken from the Detroit Tribune of April 8th, 1865: 
" Glorious Phil. Sheridan! So shouts in grateful pride the whole nation. A more gal- 
lant soldier never marshaled a column. If General Grant were to be denuded of praise 
for everything else, laudation should never grow cold that he has called into chief posi- 
tions of action men of the mold of Sherman, Sheridan, and Thomas. We can all remem- 
ber how it used to seem that we always had the wrong man in the place for the emergency. 
Now, we always have the right one. Who leads? Sheridan. Then all is well, and vic- 
tory is in the advance. Who is at the head of the column? Sherman. Then shall we 
triumph gloriously. Thus implicit has the popular conlidence become in Grant s great 
lieutenants. But what shall wo say of Sheridan? With what pride we all recounted his 
series of victories over Early in tiie Shenandoah valley. Then came his long repose, 
while the nation wove its chaplots of laurel for Sherman and his heroes. Pre&eutly 
Sheridan was in the saddle again, and we read of his startling operations upon Lee's 
communicaUons, and his bold ride around the rebel left, and into the ven* camp of 
General Grant Again, in a few days, he leads the movement in the great closing cam- 
paign that seals the fate of Richmond, and becomes the most conspicuous figure when 
the great live days of battle were at the white heat of carn;ig»! and excitement. No spy- 
glass soldier is Phil. Sheridan, looking upon the carnage from secure grassy knolls, but a 
terrible leaden- of desperate charges, a man all allam*- with ox(;itement in his animal 
nature, but with an intellect cool beyond treachery, and fertile in resources beyond 
precedent. The blazing energy of sueh a leader makes the humblest soldier u hero. 

"l>ut Sheridan also led the pursuit of the defeated, Hying army -the army that had 
looked upon not a few retreats of the elated soldiery who, under their invincible leader, 
now pursued them. Word came that h(! was operating disastrously upon the rebel flanks 
then that the pursuit was likely to succeed — thiui that the rebels were ut bay, and a call 
for help — a call promptly responded to, with no laggard Pitz John Porter to turn a deaf 
ear, or to grudge a tardy step. Once more in his modest bulletin Sheridan sends us the 
account of another great battle and victory — the last that we shall hear of, for It ends 



626 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

with the capitulation of the residue of Lee's army and the destruction of rebel military 
power in the Old Dominion. Sheridan and his heroes, among whom we count as chief 
our own Indomitable and fiery Custer, have striclten down the only columns that upheld 
the now ruined architecture of rebel authority. It is for those skilled in mihtary affairs 
to criticise. It shall be our pleasant duty to express the grateful pride ^he patriotic 
masses feel hi the magnificent achievements of General Sheridan, and the deep sense of 
their transcendant importance in restoring our noble Union. 

" General Sheridan stands now very high in the court of fame, yet Michigan will always 
rejoice that in his humbler days she gave him an opportunity to rise, and honored herself 
by discerning his merit." The following interesting order we copy from the records of 
the Adjutant General's office in this State, from which it will be seen that General Sheri- 
dan was once colonel of the 2d Michigan Cavalry: 

" • Military Department, Michigan, ) 
"•Adjutant General's Office, V 
"General Orders, > " 'Pittsburg Landing, May 26th, J 862. } 

No. 148. S 

"'I. Captain Philip H. Sheridan, U. S. Army, Is hereby appointed colonel of the 2d Begiment 
Michigan Cavalry, to rank from this date. 
" ' II. Captain Sheridan will immediately assume command of the regiment. 
"*By order of the Commander-in-Chief. 

"•JNO. ROBERTSON, 

"'Adjutant General.* 

" With the honor of a Michigan regiment first entering Fort Mahone, so bravely carried 
by our own gallant Willcox— with the honor of another Michigan regiment first raismg 
the Union flag over Petersburg — with our magnificent Custer ever at the right hand of 
Sheridan to execute his most important commands — with our modest but indomitable 
Williams leading a corps of Sherman's Grand Army during all its splendid achievements, 
— we at home feel the reflected lustre of glories ample enough for any ambition. " 

The following is a letter written to Colonel Campbell while on furlough in Michigan, 
which is inserted owing to the high compliment to the regiment, and especially comlBg 
from an officer so capable of judging of meritorious services : 

Headquarters Chief of Cavalry, i 
Department of the Cumberland, J. 
Chattanooga, Tenn., April 18th, 1864. \ 
Colonel,— On account of the scarcity of horses and equipments in this department, I would 
suggest that vou try, through the influence of the authorities of your State, to be mounted and 
equipped before you leave the State, and be ready for service at the expiration of your furlough. 
Having known the regiment since its organization, and having had it under my command, I can 
testify to its gallantry and endurance. The State may well be proud of the regiment. 
Hoping that the regiment will have a pleasant furlough, 

I am. Colonel, veiy respectfully, your obedient servant, 

W. L. ELLIOTT, 
Colonel A. P. Campbell, Brig. Gen. and Chief of Cavalry. 

2d Michigan Cavalry. 

Comments of Captain M. P. Thatcher, of the regiment, on the trainmg given it by Col- 
onel Granger in the early days of its service: 

" The 2d Michigan Cavalry was a peculiar regiment. Gordon Granger was appointed colonel of 
the regiment when it first arrived at St. Louis, Mo., and his life among the 2d U. S. DrMgoons, on 
the frontier, peculiarly fitted him for an instructor of this regiment, which, of all others, was 
made up of material equally rough as himself— lumbermen, woodsmen, trappers, and men accus- 
tomed to hardships in every form, while many of tliem were as good shots as could be found in the 
whole army. He instructed the oflicers nights at his headquarters, and drilled the regiment in the 
day time, when the company commanders were not busy with their drills. He was a very, very 
strict disciplinarian, rough in manner, but with a kind heart when rightly touched. He taught 
the oflicers obedience first, then to drill, mounted and dismounted, and to meet a surprise from 
any quarter and receive it, either mounted or dismounted, as occasion requiretl, and so thoroughly 
were we drilled in this that, in the years of the war following, we very frequently had occasion to 
dismount and form rapidly in any direction, and always met the rebels successfully, often sur- 
prising them in not being able to surprise us." 

The black horse rode by General Sheridan on his celebrated ride from Winchester up 
fhe Shenandoah Valley when he turned the tide of battle in favor of the Union arms, and 
won out of a most disastrous route one of the most glorious and important victories of 
the war, was presented to him by Colonel Archibald Campbell, of the 2d Michigan Cav- 
alry, and had been given to the colonel when he entered the ai'my by the citizens of 
Port Huron. This horse had been raised in St. Clair county in this State. 

" The heart of the steed and the heart of the master 
Were beating Uke prisoners assaulting their walls; 
Impatient to be where the batlle-tield calls. 
Every nerve of the charger was strained to full play. 
With Sheridan only ten miles away." 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 627 

•• Be It Bald In letters both bold and bright, 
Here is the steed that saved the day — 
By carrying Sheridan into the fight 
From Winchester, twenty miles away." 

Doling the war the Adjutant General's Department as well as the Governor received 
an hacredible number of letters from soldiers on all subjects and of all sorts, many of 
them of a most amusing character. Following is one from a soldier of the 2d Michigan 
Cavalry as a sample: 

Camp Smith, March lat, 1364. 
Governor Blair: 

Sir,— I want you to gets certificate of the connty of Norfolk, Canada West, of Colonel Wilson, of 
my character, for they are making the eolUiers believe that I am a rebel amongst them. I am here 
in Camp Smith. John Alliel, Eliancler Sovereign got their blankets washeil in a colored man's 
house. I am a witness to the above crime. Tell Henrietta that 1 am well and in good health, hop. 
ing her and her family the same. If you please, give much love to her at your convenience, and 
write copy of this as soon as you can. I am under the care of Colonel Creze. • « • • 



THIRD REGIMENT CAVALRY. 



•' The squadron is forming, the war bugles play, 
To saddle, brave comrades, stout hearts for a fray, 
Our Commander is mounted, strike spurs and away." 

The 3d Cavalry was also raised under the superintendence of Colonel Kel- 
logg, having its rendezvous at Grand Eapids. Its recruitment commenced 
early in July, 1861, and on the 1st of November following it was mustered 
into the service of the United States, having on the rolls 1,163 officers and 
men. 

fieijD and staff. 

Colonel, P. W. Kellogg, Grand Eapids. Lieutenant Colonel, Robert H. G. Minty, 
Detroit. Majors, Edward Gray, Detroit; William S. Burton, South Haven; Obel H. 
Foote, Grand Rapids. Surgeon, Josiah Andrews, Paw Paw. Assistant Surgon, Lucius 
C. Woodman, Paw Paw. Adjutant, Robert O. Selfridge, Tecumseh. Battalion Adjutants, 
Alanson Tracy, Detroit; Danby L. Coon, Ionia; Lanson K. Jennie, Grand Rapids. 
Quartermaster, William W, Cantine, Grand Rapids. Battalion Quartermasters, Chauncy 
C. Douglass, Grand Rapids; Henry Jewett, Grand Rapids; Mortimer L. Hopliins, Grand 
Rapids. Chaplain, Joel Kennedy, Allegan. 

The companies of the regiment, as mustered in, were: 

A. Captain, Gilbert Moyers, Allegan. First Lieutenant, Horace H. Pope, AUegan. 
Second Lieutenant, Isaac Wilson, Allegan, 

B. Captain, Lyman G. Willcox, Detroit. First Lieutenant William T. MagoflBn, St. 
Johns. Second Lieutenant, Thomas B. Wier, Ann Arbor. 

C. Captain, Gilbert J. Hudson, Paw Paw. First Lieutenant, Joseph W. Huston, Paw 
Paw. Second Lieutenant, Barney Dyckman, Paw Paw. 

D. Captain, Daniel Kellogg, Ypsilanti. First Lieutenant, Cicero Newell, Ypsilanti» 
Second Lieutenant, Philo D. Cutler, Ionia. 

E. Captain, Muliord M. Latimer, Jackson. First Lieutenant, Stewart Ives, Big Rapids» 
Second Lieutenant, Caleb E. Brown, Jaclcson. 

F. Captain, John L McCIoud, Schoolcraft. First Lieutenant, Theodore Reese, Chi- 
cago, 111. Second Lieutenant, Frederick C. Adamson, Detroit. 

G. Captain, Teunis V, Quaekenbush, Whilmore Lake. First Lieutenant, William 0. 
Stevens, Wliitmore Lake. Second Lieutenant, Daniel M. Caldwell, Pontiac. 

H. Captain, Conrad Highwood, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Oliver C. Leonardson, Port 
Huron. Second Lieutenant, Carl B. SchefHer, Jackson. 

I. Captain, William Dunham, Fentonviile. First Lieutenant, William H. Dickenson, 
Grand Eapids. Second Lieutenant, Heber Crane, Detroit. 

K. Captain, Collins Dtivis, Tecumseh. First Lieutenant, Dewitt 0. Smith, Jackson. 
Second Lieutenant, Amos M. Adams, Adrian. 

L. Captain, Tliomas H. Botham, St. Joseph. First Lieutenant, William H. Patton,^ 
Detroit. Second Lieutenant, Monroe G. Carlton, St. Joseph. 

M. Captain, Thomas Saylor, S<ii>inaw. First Lieutenant, Edwar'd B. Nugent, Saginaw. 
Second Lieutenant, Torrence P. McEntee, Saginaw. 

The appointment of Colonel Kellogg having been made by the War Depart- 

(628) 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 629 

nient he was mustered in with the regiment by consent of the Governor, but 
did not receive a counuission from the Slate, and was soon after, with his own 
consent, mustered out of service. 

The regiment left for the field on November 28th, ISGl, in command of 
Lieutenant Colonel Minty, under orders to report at St. Louis, Mo., and on 
its arrival there was stationed at Benton Barracks. 

General Pope being engaged in a movement against New Madrid and Island 
No. 10, in the Mississippi river, it was ordered to join his forces. In com- 
mand of Lieutenant Colonel Minty it proceeded to that locality, rcachin<i^ New 
Madrid on the 13tli of March. The regiment participated in the siege of 
Island No. 10 from March 14th until April 8th following, when it was tjurren- 
dered. 

Its first engagement with the rebels was at New Madrid, March 13th, where 
it commenced a most creditable career, giving traitors a lively idea what 
Michigan cavalry were composed of, and what they might expect from them 
in the future, and which this regin)ent made them to fully understand and 
realize during the long war which followed. 

Captain John K. Mizner, U. S. Army, having been commissioned by the 
Governor colonel of the regiment March 7th, 1862, joined and assumed com- 
mand on the 3 1st of that month. 

The 3d, after the surrender of Island No. 10, moved with General Pope's 
coMimand and joined the army in front of Corinth, Miss., serving there until 
its evacuation by the rebels, having been engaged with the enemy at Farm- 
ington May oth, and in the siege of Corinth from May 10th to 31st, 1862, 
while its services in scouting in that vicinity were continuous and arduous. 

Following the retreat of the enemy from that point, it entered upon the 
campaign of General Grant in Mississippi, and served under General Kose- 
crans, encountering the rebels with much success in numerous engagemeuts 
and skirmishes at Spangler's Mills, July 26, 1862, at Bay Spring, September 
10th, and at luka, September 19Lh, where it became conspicuously distin- 
guished while in command of Captain L. G. Willcox, Lieutenant Colonel 
Minty having been commissioned as colonel of the 4th Cavalry, and Colonel 
Mizner being chief of cavalry. 

Having the advance of the forces under General Hamilton, and moving 
eastward on the Tuscumbia road, it engaged the enemy in a most vigorous 
manner. Captain Willcox in his report of the affair says: 

" * * * At a late hour on the 18th instant, while encamped at Davenport's Mills, 
near Jacinto, I directed Company A, Captain Dyckman, to examine the lulia road, run- 
ning noitiit'ust from the mills and midway between the Tuscuiubia and Bunisville rouds, 
in order to determine the practicaijihLy of moving wagon or artilh^ry trains on the road, 
and whether any portion of the road was occupied by the enemy. 

"The reconnoissaiice was properly and promptly made and the road found to be 
impracticable for moving trains, but passable for infantry and cavalry. The road was 
occupied by pickets who tired upon the reconnoilering party. 

" At 4 o'clock on the following morning, pursuant to instructions from Colonel Mizner, 
I took eiglit companies of my command, leaving four in camp, and i)rocuedcd in light 
marching order aUmg the Tuscumbia road east to its intersection with the liusbellviile 
road, about si.x miles east of Jacinto, wliere my command took the advance of General 
Hamilton's division and moved m the direction of Baruett's Corners. I had moved about 
two milt^s further when 1 found indications of the presence of rebel cavalry; the indica- 
tions were more marked as we proceeded, and as we arrived at the brow ol the hill, about 
one lialf mile west of Barnett's, a volley was tired hito the head of the coUimn. The 
rebel force seemed well supported, and I immediately dismounted twenty mt-n and sent 
them, in command of Captain Latimer, into the woods to the right. Twenty more were 
sent into a corutieid to the left in command of Lieutenant Mix, and Compauies A and F, 



630 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 

under Captain Dyckman, were sent forward on the road. After a sharp skirmish of about 
fifteen minutes the rebels were driven from the woods, leaving one man killed and one 
horse; also, one man, horse, and equipments were taken by Captain Latimer. From 
this point (Barnett's) a running fight was kept up, the rebels falling back to a branch of 
the Cripple Deer Creek, distant about four miles. On arriving at the branch we found 
that the rebel cavalry had rallied at a house situated on an elevation four huhdred yards 
distant and commanding the road. The advance, under Sergeant H. D. Cutting, Com- 
pany K, charged up the road at full gallop and drove them from their position into the 
woods; but the enemy rallied, two squadrons strong, and forced the advance to retire. 
Sergeant Cutting's horse was shot, which was the only casualty occurring to my com- 
mand in this instance. A number of shots were fired into the head of the column, killing 
a lieutenant on General Hamilton's staff. I at once wheeled the cavalry into line on the 
roadside and uncovered a column of infantry, which moved to the front and deployed on 
either side of the road, and drove the enemy from the cover of some buildings behind 
which they were sheltered. 

"A column of infantry then moved in advance, and position having been taken at a 
point about one and a half miles from luka, pursuant to orders received from Colonel 
Mizner, I immediately moved with four companies, viz. : Company K, Captain Newell ; 
Company E, Captain Latimer ; Company F, Captain Keese, and Company A, Captain 
Dyckman, to the front, and moved out to the right of Constable's Ohio Battery, Lieuten- 
ant Adams commanding the advance guard. 

" After proceeding about one-half mile. Lieutenant Adams, perceiving a body of cavalry 
on a hill directly east of the battle-field, attacked and drove them away with considerable 
loss. I then formed my men behind the brow of the hill, dismounted a portion, and 
poured an irregular fire into the enemy's left flank and upon those who showed them- 
selves In our front with considerable effect, twenty-two dead having been afterwards 
found, who must have fallen by our hands. During the time that we were in this position 
the enemy occasionally gave us a heavy volume, but the nature of the ground was such 
that no casualties had occurred until near sundown, when the enemy seemed to manifest 
a disposition to gain our position. I immediately dismounted all the men who could be 
spared, sending the horses into the woods In our rear, and opened a destructive fire upon 
them. They immediately fell back, and made no further attempt to advance upon us. 
We took a first Lieutenant, bearing the stand of colors belonging to the 3d Louisiana 
infantry. Captain Latimer was wounded in the shoulder, also two privates slightly. Six 
horses were lost. After dark I moved my command to the left of the road, in rear of the 
infantry, where I was joined by the other four companies of my command, which had 
been employed in reconnoitering on either flank during the afternoon." 

General Kosecraus, ever ready to acknowledge the merits of the soldier as 
well as the officer, says in his report of this important battle : 

" To Colonel Mizner (3d Michigan Cavaliy), Chief of Cavalry Division, and to the offi- 
cers and men of his command, the General commanding here publicly tenders his acknowl- 
edgements. For courage, efficiency, and for incessant and successful combats, he doea 
not believe they have any superiors. In our advance on luka, and during the action, they 
ably performed their duty. **** * » * *♦ 

" During the action five privates of the 3d Michigan Cavalry beyond our extreme right, 
opened fixe, captured a rebel stand of colors, a captain and lieutenant, sent in the colors 
that night, and alone held their prisoners during the night, and brought them in next 
morning." *********** 

The battle of luka was sanguine, the firing heavy and rapid, and the ground 
was being hotly contested, when night, coming on, became master of the field 
and closed the scene of carnage. Morning revealed the fact that during the 
darkness of the night the enemy had left the field and was rapidly moving 
southward, while the Union troops made a vigorous pursuit for many miles, 
becoming several times hotly engaged, and causing them repeatedly to form 
line of battle to check the Union advance. 

The 3d was actively occupied with the enemy after the affair of luka, being 
in engagements at Corinth, October 3d and 4th ; at Ilatchie, October 6th ; 
Hudsonville, November 14th; Holly Springs, November 19th; Lutnkin's 
Mills, November 30th ; Oxford, December 2d; Coffeeville, December 5th. 

Besides what had been taken while cooperating with other regiments, the 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 



631 



3d captured 3 lieutenant colonels, 2 majors, 13 captains, 19 lieutenants, and 
1,249 privates. 

Its losses had been: Killed in action, 7; wounded 45; in prisoners 59, and 
104 died of disease. 

The colonel of the regiment, J. K. Mizner, then chief of cavalry, in his 
report of the affair at luka, makes the following mention of the 3d Cavalry : 
*♦♦♦**••••♦• 

"The 3d Michigan Cavalry, under the command of Captain Willcox (Avlth the exception 
of four companies employed in escorting trains), formed the advance of General Hamil- 
ton's division, which moved east on the Tuscumbia road." 

" Soon the armies became engaged, and a terrible conflict ensued. Four companies of 
the 3d Michigan Cavalry, under Captain Willcox, were sent to the right wing, on the 
right of Constable's Ohio Battery. Two companies were sent to the northeast, and the 
remaining two to the northwest, to observe the movements of the enemy. A portion of 
the four companies on the right wing were dismounted, and becoming engaged with the 
enemy prevented a flank movement on our right wmg. At this point Captain Latimer 
and two men were slightly wounded." 

»«*♦*•«••••• 

" The 3d Michigan Cavalry occupied a position for the night at Peyton's Mill, watching 
closely the movements of the enemy, and following his movements on the succeeding 
day until ordered to return toward Jacinto." 

»»**♦***•*•• 

"During the advance, engagement and pursuit, the officers and men of the cavalry 
division displayed great zeal, enterprise, and gallantry, and are all entitled to great 

credit. " 

*♦*»••*••••• 

" Captains "Willcox, Latimer, Dyckman, Newell, and Eeese, Adjutant Buchanan and 
Sergeant Cutting, of the 3d Michigan Cavali-y, having commands of companies and 
detachments, with the commands under them, performed their duty with great energy. 
Lieutenants McGregor and Martin, of my personal staff, conveyed with becoming spirit 
and ability my orders to the various parts of the field, displaying coolness and efficiency." 

" The bearing of both officers and men during the entire conflict and subsequent move- 
ments was admirable, and it gives me great pleasure to mention the valuable services of 
Adjutant U. Buchanan, who was always where duty called him, and who was particularly 
useful to me during the engagement on the 19th." 

♦ ***♦•••♦•♦* 

" Captain Dyckman, of the 3d Michigan Cavalry, on the evening of the 18th instant, 
with his company, made a reconnoissance in the direction of luka for the purpose of 
ascertaining the practicability of a road direct from Jacinto to luka, and to learn the 
whereabouts of the enemy. He conducted the n . oraent in a manner very satisfactory 
and worthy of high commendation." 

«•♦••••••••• 

In November, 1862, communications between General Grant, at La Grange, 
and General W. T. Sherman, at Memphis, Tenn., were cut off by destroying 
telegraph lines and railroad track. Battalions and regiments of cavalry try 
in vain to open them. A brigade of infantry with a battery of light artillery 
and a regiment of cavalry are sent out to open the way, and Captain Newell's 
company, K, 3d Michigan Cavalry, is selected to bear the dispatches. The 
best men and horses are selected. General Grant delivers Newell the papers for 
General Sherman, saying, ''Get them through." The company leaves near 
dark, and about three miles out meet the entire command sent out in tlie morn- 
ing returning. It had been fighting a heavy force of cavalry and artillery all 
day, and decided to retire within the Union lines during the niglit. Newell keeps 
on in the darkness of night to Moscow. He directs Lieutenant Mclntyre to wear 
a Confederate uniform ; he enters the town ; the enemy has fallen back across 



63a MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

Wolf river. The company advances to the bridge; a reconnoissance is made 
across the river; the rebels are encamped at points along the road, through to 
Memphis; a large force near by; a circuit of seventeen miles is made and the 
road is again reached at daylight, near Sommerville; Newell finds the way to 
Memphis guarded at several points by large detachments of cavalry; but 
General Grant said the dispatches must go through, so the way must be cut 
by the sword or abandoned. On they dash, attacliing and capturing pickets 
and picket-posts, driving videttes in every direction. They come upon a whole 
rebel regiment, take their guard, and dash on, passing, fighting, and disarming 
pickets. Reach Wolf river; find a rebel brigade burning the bridge; further 
progress cut off; the rebel force within pistol shot; Newell's command plunge 
into the river; they are taken for Confederates and are not fired on; they 
reach the opposite bank and pusli on, and are at Sherman's picket line at the 
firing of the evening gun. They are soon at headquarters, and the dispatches 
safely delivered, amid the hearty congratulations of the general and the sur- 
prise of the whole army. After a rest of two days tlie company returns to 
La Grange with General Grierson's Illinois Cavalry Regiment as an escort. 
Newell receives a complimentary letter from General Sherman, as follows: 

Headquakteks Distkict of Memphis, ) 
Memphis, Nov. 28, 1802. ) 
Capt. Newell, 3d Michigan Cavalry, Present: 

Sir: — I acknowledge the receipt of the dispatches of General Grant entrusted to your 
hands, dated LaGrange, November 6th, and to comphmentyou for the intelligence, energy, 
and skill displayed by you in coming so long a distance through hostile bands. 

I send you herewith my dispatches in reply, which I wish you to carry to General Grant 
at LaGrange or whence he may be. 

Colonel Grierson, 6th Illinois Cavalry, will, at 3 P. M., be ready to accompany you all 
or part of the way, according to circumstances. 

I am, with respect, your ob'dt serv't, 

W. T. SHER:\rAN, 
Major General Commanding . 

Lieutenant Terrence P. McEntee was killed by bushwhackers at Watervalley, ]\Jiss., 
December 18th, 1862, while he was I'eturning from a scouting expedition. 

The regiment was also engaged at Brownsville, Miss., January 14th, I860. 
and Clifton on the 20th. Captain Newell, with Companies A, K, and L, 3d 
Michigan Cavalry, and a company of Tennessee scouts, while scouting along 
the Tennessee river east of Lexington and near Clifton, discovered an old 
sunken boat, and having knowledge that the noted Colonel Ntwsum, with 
some ninety of his followers were at their old haunt (Clifton) on the opposite 
bank, conceived the plan of crossing the river under cover of the night and 
attempting their capture. 



Headqtjartees Chief of Cavax,ry, | 
!RAL Orders | Jackson, Tenn., Feb. 23, 1863. ) 

No. 8. J 



It is with a mingled feeling of pride and pleasure that the Colonel commanding 
announces to the cavalry of this district the splendid achievement of the 3d Michigan 
Cavalry, under Captain Cicero Newell. On the morniiig of the 2l)lh inst., while scouting 
in the country along the Teiuiessee river, east of Lexington, and about twelve miles above 
Clifton he discovered an old sunken flat boat, and having previous knowhnlge of the pres- 
ence of the noted Coloru'l Newsum and some ninety of liis followers at their old haunt, 
Clifton, on the opposite bank, he immediately conceived the plan of crossing the river 
under cover of the night and attempting their capture. Foiling all suspicion of the 
inhabitants by starting off with his initire coniniatKl for Lexington, he then turned into the 
woods and concealed his force until night tall, when he has-lenod to a jioint on the river 
four miles above the fated town, wheie he tuuiid the Ihit boat safely moored in charge of 
Sergeant Vowels, of Company K, and six men, wiio had bailed out liie boat, manned it 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 633 

with a pair of rude oars, and In the darknoss of the night hod floated caiitiouply eljrht 
uiilos down the river to this puint. Finding the flat l>oat incapable of fieiirhting Uk"- .-niire 
party and there being no time for a second trip, sixty men wore seli'ded and embarked 
on their hazardous voyage. Gaining the opposite bank two miles below, th.y found, 
after a wearisome reconnoissance, that they wore entin-ly cut off from the main land by 
an extensive bayou; yet, nothing daunted they reCmbarked and landed again quite near 
the town, which tlioy immcdiaLely surrounded, and dallied iii ui-on tlic abtoiii.sbed, half- 
awake, haU'-ciad enemy, and secured the entire party, con.'-if.iiiig of one cohjncl, three 
captains, four lieutenants, and sixty-one enlisted men, with their horsi's, aims ami e(juip- 
cients con)plete, without the lot^s of a single man. Lut we have to regret an accident to 
tlie brave commander, Captain Newell, who received a serious but not dangerous wound. 
Captain F. C. Adamsou, of the 3d Micliigan Cavalry, then assumed conmiand and safely 
re-crossed the Tennessee river with all liis piisoners and captuied prt)perty. He, with all 
the officers and men of this heroic little band, deserve the highest praise for their cheer- 
ful and hearty seconding of this happily conceived exiiedition. Uhile we admire and 
applaud this noble achievement of Captain Newell and his little parly, let u^ learn to 
emulate them, and, inspired with the love of the noble and the brave, and this example 
before us, let us take courage and press this civil strife with redoubled energv. 

By order of J. ii. MIZNER, 

Colonel and Chief of Cavalry. 

Thomas B. Wier, 

Lieut, an! Act'g Ass't Adj't Gen'l. 

Lieutenant Oscar H. Bingham was attacked and murdered by guerrillas near Jackson, 
Teun., April 29th, 18G3. 

The regiment participated in a heavy engagement at Jackson, Tonn., on July 
13th, 1863, and again skirmished with the enemy ou the ;;iUth at Pauolu. 
From a re})ort of the regiment: 

" On July 12th, the 3d, in command of Lieutenant Colonel Moyers, proocoded to Jack- 
son, Tenn., in compaiiy with other regiments of the brigade, the force being under com- 
mand of Colonel Hatch. On arrival there on the 13th it was found to be ociu|)ied by a 
force of 1,500 rebel cavalry under Colonels Forrest and Biflle. A shaip engagement 
ensued; a final desperate chaige with the 3d Micliigan Cavalry broke the enemy's lines, 
utterly routing him, driving his scattered colunms from the streets of the town, the ascer- 
tained loss ol the rebels being 16 killed, 67 wounded, w hile 85 unwounded (>risoners were 
taken; the Federal loss being 2 killed and 12 wounded. The 3d Michigan had but oue 
wounded." 

A correspondent wrote : 

"Learning that a large cavalry force had crossed the Tennessee river, and were occupy- 
ing Jackson, Tenn., for the purpose of carr> ing into eflect the conscription act in West 
Tennessee, on Sunday, the Tith instant (July), Colonel Mizner dispatched a force con- 
sisting of the 1st and 2d West Tennessee Cavalry, 3d Michigan and 2d Iowa Cavalry, and 
9th Illinois Mounted Infantry, in all about 1,300 men, under command of Colonel Ed. 
Hatch, of the 2d Iowa Cavalry, to dislodge and disperse them. 

" We arrived on the west side of the town at about noon on the 13th, and found it occu- 
pied by some 2,000 or 2,500 men under command of Colonel Jesse Forrest. The light 
immediately opened. Tlie rebels had chosen a very stiong position along the bank of the 
Forked Deer river, which runs along the west side of the town, at the disUince of about a 
mile from it. Our only approach to this position was across a bottom several miles In 
width by means of i.u embankment where a sewer had been made, just wide enoui:h for a 
carriage road. The bottom itself was rendered almost impassable for our skirmishers by 
the dense mass of cane brakes, tangled vines, and undeibrush, and also by numerous 
bayous making out in all directions from tlie main stream. Under tliese ilisad vanuiges our 
line was formed and we advanced. Companies F, D, I, G, anil H, of the ;iil Muhigan, on 
the right of the road, and Companies A, K, E, L, and B ou the left. This line was sup- 
ported by the yth Illinois Infantry. 

"At the rivei the contest was long and desperate. The rebols were some of Forrest's 
oldest and best troops, and stood with a cleterminatiou seMom equaled by iheuj and never 
surpassed, and having every advantage of position which could be wished for. It seemed 
for a time almost impossible to dislodge them, but a skiillul move on both flanks ut the 
same time, njade by order of Colonel Aloyeis (3d Michigan; sustained in the center by 
the well-directed fire of our revolving rill, s and our two mountain howitzers, which, under 
command of Lieutenant Wilson, did exiellenl seivice, drove the enemy in confusiou Iroui 
this position after having maintained it for thiee hours. 

80 



6S4 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

" They formed a new line In the edge of the town, upon which our skirmishers rapidly 
advanced, the rebels slowly falling back, when a gallant charge of the 2d Iowa, led by 
CJolonel Hatch In person, completed the rout and drove them from the town, taking some 
70 or 80 prisoners. 

" On the north side of the town they were met by reinforcements from Trenton, to the 
number of 400 or 500, under Colonel Biffle, who now took command, and they again 
formed a new line, which was first met by the 9th Illinois, under Lieutenant Colonel 
Phillips. Here for a time the firing was heavy and incessant, the struggle becoming 
desperate. Twice the gallant 9th charged on the foe, and were each time repulsed, and 
once the rebels charged with a like result, neither party being able to gain any advantage. 

" Companies A, K, and H, of the 3d Michigan, with the batteries of the 2d Iowa and 3d 
Michigan, coming up at an opportune moment to the support of the 9th, a line was formed 
and the rebels were finally routed, flying in all directions in great disorder, leaving their 
killed and wounded on the field, and throwing away arms, blankets, and everything 
which could in any way impede then- progress. It was now 5 o'clock P. M. ; nevertheless, 
pursuit was immediately commenced on all the roads leading north and east from Jack- 
son, but they had broken up and scattered so much in their flight that it was without 
avail, and all the pursuing force returned to Jackson by 9 o'clock the next morning, from 
whence they proceeded to LaGrange by different routes, the 3d taking the road via Sum- 
merville, capturing 10 prisoners belonging to Eichardson's guerrilla band. 

" We buried 32 rebels on the field. The total loss was about 90 killed and wounded, 
over 100 prisoners, and 250 horses and mules, besides a large number of newly gathered 
conscripts, variously estimated by the prisoners at from •100 to 500, who took advantage 
of the confusion and defeat to escape by the shortest practical route to their homes. 

"Our loss was, in the 3d Michigan, only 1 wounded and 1 taken prisoner. The 9th 
Ilhnois lost 7 or 8 wounded, 1 mortally. The Iowa and Tennessee regiments, none. Too 
much praise cannot be awarded the 9th HUnois for theu' gallant conduct in this engage- 
ment." 

A correspondent at the time wrote : 

" The military movements of this department are not very rapid nor formidable, though 
perhaps they are sufficient for the occasion, for the southern warriors of this section are 
simply bandits not soldiers, and require to be hunted like wolves from the swamps. 
General West, with a brigade of cavalry, including a part of the 3d Michigan, is on an 
expedition towards the northern part of the State; considerable, I believe, is expected 
from it. One battalion of the 3d Cavalry is at Lake Bluff, commanded by Major Willeox. 
Captain Adamson, of his command, was dangerously wounded on the evening of the 5th. 
He was sent out with 80 men in charge of 3,000 horses and mules to graze on tlie prairie. 
About 5 P. M. the Captain, accompanied by Corporals Loren Harrington and Thomas 
Clary, of Company B, rode up to a house and asked for a glass of water. The captain 
was just raising the water to his Ups when five men dressed in the Federal uniform rode 
up and ordered him to surrender, and immediately comniciieed firing. At the first fire 
Captain A. was hit and fell from his horse; a ball passed through Corporal Clary's riglit 
arm, but not until he had winged a rebel. Corporal Harrington was talien prisoner. The 
horses and arms of the party were taken off by the victors, leaving Adamson and Clary 
on the ground. It seems that the assassins had been lying in wait for some time, watch- 
ing an opportunity to approach an unsuspecting party and murder them. If any of the 
miscreants are caught hereafter, they will swing by the neck in less time than they can 
say their prayers." 

The regiment again met the enemy at Grenada, August 14th, 1863 ; Byhalia, 
October 12th, and Wyatt's Ford, Tallahatchie river, October 13th. In addi- 
tion to these principal engagements, the regiment participated in a large 
number of skirmishes of minor importance. In the affair at Grenada the 3d 
was in the advance. It gained possession of the town after a sharp engage- 
ment, and immediately commenced the destruction of the enemy's machinery 
and rolling stock accumulated at this point. Over GO locomotives and more 
than 400 cars were destroyed. At Byhalia and Wyatt's Ford tlie regiment 
was warmly engaged. In thesQ actions the enemy was completely routed, with 
large loss. The 3d Cavalry aided largely in driving the notorious rebels 
Kichardson, Dawson, and Cushman from West Tennessee, together with 
numerous bands of guerrillas that infested that section, and who were destroyed 
or dispersed by it. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 63& 

Regarding the operations at Grenada a correspondent writes: 
" On the morning of the 13th of August, 1863, seven companies of the 3d, In command 
of Major Hudson, an equal number of the 2d Iowa, commanded by Major Coon, with the 
11th Illinois Cavalry and the 9th Illinois Mounted Infantry, the whole under command of 
Lieutenant Colonel PhQlips, of the latter regiment, left LaGrange for "Water Valley, Miss., 
for the purpose of destroying a large amount of rolling stock at or near that place, which 
liad been run north by the rebels from Jackson, Miss., when taken possession of by the 
Union troops. On reaching the Lacona river they had a slight skirmish, and on their 
aiiivalat Water Valley they ascertained that the cars and engines had been removed to Gre- 
nada. They accordingly proceeded toward that place, continually skirmishing with the 
fiiemy, and driving them rapidly back until they reached the Tallshalchie river, two or 
three miles from Grenada, where the enemy made a stand and opened on our troops with 
ai tiUery, six and ten-pounders. With two twelve-pound mountain howitzers, which were 
soon placed in position, and their revolving rifles, the rebel artillerj' was soon silenced, and 
the enemy flying in confusion from the town. About fifty railroad men and a large number 
of rebel soldiers were taken prisoners. It being found impossible to remove the stock, 
owing to the destruction of bridges on the railroad, it was set fire to, consuming fifty- 
seven locomotives, four or five hundred passenger and freight cars, the depot buildings, 
machine shops, with an amount of commissary and quartermaster stores. 
"The rebel force was about 2,000 of Chalmer's brigade." 

From a correspondence of the Memphis Appeal, covering operations at 
Bylialia and Wyatt's Ford, on the 12th and 13th of October: 

" On the 11th October, while cavalry forces of the 16th army corps, under command of 
Colonel Hatch, were being concentrated at Salem, Miss., the report of artillery was heard 
in the direction of CoUierville. The 9th Illinois mounted infantry, and the 7th Kansas, 
and the 6th and 7tli Illinois cavalry, with four mountain howitzers and four two- 
pounder steel guns, constituted the 1st brigade, and was placed under the command of 
Lieutenant Colonel Phillips of the former regiment, while the 3d Michigan, 6th Tennessee, 
and 3d and 9th Illinois cavalry, with four mountain howitzers, constituted the 2d brigade, 
and placed under command of Lieutenant Colonel Moyers (3d Michigan). 

" At 10 o'clock A. M. on that day Colonel Phillips was sent with his command by way 
of Holly Springs to Lockhart's Mills, with instructions to guard the crossing of the Cold- 
water in that vicinity, while Colonel Moyers was sent with the 2d brigade by way of 
Muuiit Pleasant to Dunn and Jackson's Mills, on the Coldwater, for a similar purpose, as it 
wiis thought that the enemy would, in case of defeat, attempt to effect a crossing there- 
abouts. On the night of the 11th Colonel Phillips had reached his place of destination, while 
the 2d brigade bivouacked near Hudsonville. Phillips soon learned that the rebels had 
retreated by way of Byhalia to Ingraham's Mills, and started in pursuit. At the former 
place it was known that a most formidable position could be selected for a force acting 
upon the defensive, and Colonel Hatch was not mistaken in his supposition that the enemy 
would make a stand there. 

" Colonel Phillips moved upon the enemy who were posted in a most formidable posi- 
tion under a cover of a wood on a commanding eminence, and after a desperate struggle 
of about two hours succeeded in driving him from his position with a severe loss. Col- 
onel Moyers came up with the 3d Hlinois and 3d Michigan in time to participate in tha 
engagement. 

" The enemy were closely pursued by our cavalry until the darkness of the night ren- 
dered further pursuit impracticable. 

"On the morning of the 13th the pursuit was again vigorously resumed, the enemy 
passing through Chulahoma, in the direction of Wyatt's. At the former place Colonel 
Moyers was sent with his brigade by a route leading to Wyatt's on the left of the main 
road. His advance soon came upon the enemy in small force and charged them. This 
occasioned an interval greater than usual between the main column and the advance, and 
as Colonel Moyers was riding along somewhat in advance of the column, an oflici'r was 
.-.eeii to emerge from the woods, who, upon closer inspection, proved to be Captain 
Caruthers, of the 12th Tennessee (Confederate), and who made his appearance at this 
f>"nit lor the purpose of joining General Chalmers. On further inquiry Colonel Moyers 
itarned that the Captain had a force a short distance in the wood, and ho sent a lieuten- 
iiiii and ten men to secure them. On the approach of our men the Confederates began 
lo run away, but Captain Caruihers very generously commanded them to halt, which they 
Mid, and deUvered up two lieutenants and eleven men, with horses, arms, and oquipnionts. 

'■ When our forces had reached a point three miles from Wyatts, the enemy were met 
in force. A brisk engagement followed, and he was gradually driven back, and soon after 
opened with his artillery, which consisted of one twelve-pounder, two six-pound field 



'636 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

pieces, and four small steel p;uns, in position on an eminence on the north bank of the 
Tallahatchie. To oppose him Colonel Moyers was placed on the left and Colonel Phillips 
■on the right, with our artillery supported by the 3d Michigan and 3d Illinois in the center. 
"Three times the enemy charged our left, and was as often repulsed with great loss. 
The fight lasted from 3 o'clock P. M. until darkness shields the flying foe from the giasp 
of our encu-cling lines. All agree that one hour more of daylight would have Secured to 
us at least 500 prisoners. It was on the whole one of the most desperate and successful 
cavalry fights that occurred in the west. The enemy's force was not less than 3,UU0, our 
own about 2,500." 

During November and December, 1863, this regiment was almost constantly 
•engased in scouting and in various expeditions through Northern Mississippi 
iind Western Tennessee, reaching most of the important places in that section. 
It had frequent encounters with the enemy's forces under Generals Foi rest 
and Chalujers. Engagements and skirmislies in which the regiment [partici- 
pated, occurred at Kipley, Miss., November :<;9th, Orizaba, Miss., November 
3Uth, Ellistown, Miss., December 3d, Purdy, Tenn., J)ecember "Z'M, and 
Jack's Creek, Tenn., December 24th. During the period mentioned the reg- 
iment is reported to have marched over one thousand miles. 

On the 1st of January, 1864, the 3d arrived at LaGrange, Tenn., where it 
■commenced building winter quarters. On the 19th of January the required 
number (59'^) reenlisted, and on the 2?th weie mustered in as Veteian Volun- 
teers. On the 29th the regiment left I^aGrange for Michigan, arriving at 
Detroit on the 7th of February. The regiment rendezvoused at Kalamazoo at 
the expiration of its furlough of thirty days, where it was joined by a large 
number of recruits. 

On March 16th, while the 3d was reorganizing at that place, and immedi- 
.ately before it left for the field, Mrs. Colonel Mizner had made and presented 
to the regiment a beautiful standard of the heaviest blue silk, bordered with 
^old fringe, with the inscription in lettersof gold : " Third Michigan Cavalry." 

The flag was presented on behalf of Mrs. Mizner by Captain Tlioinus B. 
Weil", and received on the part of the regiment by Lieutenant Colonel Gilbert 
Moyers, who in his eloquent speech quoted : 

•' Flag of the true heart's hope and home, 

By loved hands to valor given, 
Thy stars have lit the welkin dome 

And all thy hues were born in heaven. 
Forever float that standard sheet! 

Where breathes the foe but falls before us? 
With freedom's soil beneath our feet, 

And freedom's banner streaming o'er us." 

Leaving Kalamazoo in command of Colonel Mizner, it proceeded to St. 
Louis, Mo. It remained there nearly two months awaiting the arrival of 
horses, arms, and equipments. During the greater portion of this time it was 
employed on provost duty in the city. Although still dismounted, the regi- 
ment left St. Louis on the 18th of May, and j)rocee(led to Little Kock, Aik., 
where it arrived on the 24th, and reported to Major General Steele. It was 
mounted on the 1st of August, and soon thereafter became engaged in sccnit- 
iug through the State. It assisted in driving the rebel General Slieiby beyond 
the Arkansas Kiver, in dispeising tlie bands of guerrillas that infested the 
country, and captured over 8UU head of cattle. 

During the months of November, 1864, and February, 1865, this regiment 
constituted the garrison of the post at Brownsville Station, on the Memphis & 
Little Kock Kailroad, and was also occupied in scouting along the line of that 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 63T 

road, making several expeditions as far south as Arkansas Post, on the Arkan- 
sas river, collecting large drovos of cattle, and thereby furnishing nearly all 
the beef required for the supply of the entire army then serving in the Depart- 
ment of Arkansas. At Brownsville Station the regiment erected a complete 
set of winter quarters and stables, so neatly and tastefully arranged as to pre- 
sent the appearance of an important town, which attracted so much attention 
as to result in a change of its name from "Brownsville Station,*' to "Michi- 
gan City." The very active duty of the regiment at that time was so con- 
ducive to the health of the men that 1,008 were daily reported present for 
duty, and less than three per cent were on the sick list. Early in February 
the regiment was selected to constitute a part of a division then being organ- 
ized for active and important service in early spring, and was assigned to the 
1st Brigade, 1st Division, 7th Army Corps, and moved to Brownsville. On 
the 14th of March the Brigade was transferred from the Department of 
Arkansas to the Military Division of West Mississi|)pi, to join the troops under 
Major General Can by, designed to operate against Mobile, and tiie regiment 
proceeded by steamer to New Orleans, arriving at Carrolton, La,, March 231,^ 
and embarked for Mobile early in April. After the full of Mobile, it was 
employed on outpost duty until the surrender of the confederate forces east of 
the Mississippi river, when the regiment was selected as the escort of Major 
General Canby on the occasion of his receiving the formal surrender of tha 
rebel General Taylor and his army. It left Mobile May 8th, and marched 
across the country to Baton Rouge, La., reaching there on the 23d. When 
Major General Sheridan assumed the command of the Military Division of the 
Southwest, the regiment was selected and ordered to report to him for duty, 
and was immediately prepared to join the expedition to Texas, and left Baton. 
Rouge for Shreveport, June 10th, and commenced its march into Texas from 
the latter place July 10th, traversing two-thirds the breadth of that State, 
arriving on the 2d of August at San Antonio. At that point the regiment was 
stationed, performing garrison duty and em])loyed iu the necessary scouting 
for the protection of the frontier as far as the Rio Grande, on the Mexican 
border, and in furnishing escorts for supply trains. The regiment comprised 
a part of the 1st Brigade, Ist Cavalry Division, Military Division of the Gulf, 
and had its headquarters at San Antonio until February loth, 18(JG, wiien it 
was dismounted, mustered out of service, and proceeded, via \'ictoria, to 
Indianola, on foot, and thence by steamer to New Orleans and Cairo, where, 
in command of Col. Mizner, it took rail for Jackson, Mich., arriving there 
March 10th, and on the 15th was paid off and disbanded. 

Engagements and skirmishes while in service: New Madrid, Mo., March 
13, 1802; siege of Island No. 10, Mo., March 14 to April 7, 18G2: Farming- 
ton, Miss., May 5, 1862; siege of Corinth, Miss., May 10 to 31, 1802; Spang- 
ler's Mills, Miss., July 26, 1802; Bay Springs, Mii-s., September 10, 1802; 
luka. Miss., September 19, 1802; Corinth, Mis.s., October 3 and 4, 1802; 
Hatchie, Miss., October 6, 1802; Holly Springs, Miss., November 7, 1802; 
Hudsonville, Miss., November 14, 1802; Lumkin's Mill, Miss., November 29, 
1862; Oxford Miss., December 2, 1802; Coffueville, Miss., December 5, 1802; 
Brownsville, Miss., January 14, 1803 ; Clifton, Miss., February 10. 1803 ; 
Panolo, Miss., July 20, 1803; Grenada, Miss., August 14, 1803 ; Hyhalia, 
Miss., October 12, 1803; Wyatt's Ford, Miss., October 13, 1803; Kipley, Miss., 
November 29, 1803 ; Orizaba, Miss., November 30, 1803; Ellistown, Miss., 
December 3, 1863 ; Purdy, Miss., December 22, 1803; Jack's Creek, Miss., 
December 24, 1863. 



638 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

From November 1st, 1862, to November, 1863, the regiment captured an 
aggregate of 1,100 prisoners, nearly fifty of whom were commissioned officers, 
making the number of 2,100 prisoners taken from the enemy by the 3d, since 
it went into the field, and had marched adistanceof 10,800 miles, exclusive of 
marches by separate companies and detachments. Its losses during that time 
were : Died in action or of wounds, 12 ; of disease, 41 ; in prisoners, 38 ; 
wounded in action, 33, while its loss during part of 1863-4 was: Died in action 
or of wounds, 11; of disease, 115; wounded in action, 17; missing in action, 
13 ; taken prisoners, 11. 

The regiment had borne on its rolls 2,560 officers and men. 

Its total loss was 414, of which 1 officer and 24 men were killed in action, 2 
officers and 8 men died of wounds, 4 officers and 375 men died of disease. 

•• Throughout all time with leaves unshed— 
The patriot's hope, the tyrant's dread — 

Hound Freedom's shrine shall grow. 
Thou art not dead — thou art not dead!" 

Note. — While this regiment was on the march from San Antonio to Indianola, Texas, 
on their return to the State in 1866, one night they bivouacked near a ranch. One of the 
ofiQcers asked the woman if she was not afraid of her hen-roost, with so many soldiers 
around. " Oh, no," she laughingly rephed, "I have not had any chickens since General 
Grant's old Illinois regiment went through here. " 



FOURTH REGIMENT CAVALRY. 



• Let the flag of our country be flung: to the sky; 
Our arm shall be bared for the glorious light, 
As freemen we'll live, or like freemen we'll dlel 
Our Union and Liberty! God and the rlghtl" 

The 4th Cavalry was authorized about July Ist, 1863, with Colonel R. H. 
G. Miuty, of Detroit, lieutenant colonel 3d Cavalry, as commander, and was 
ordered into rendezvous at Detroit on the 29th of July. It was mustered into 
the service of the United States on the 29th of August following, with the 
maximum force, being composed of companies recruited in various parts of 
the State. When it left the State, on the 26th of September, it had on its 
rolls 1,233 names of officers and men. It was fully armed, mounted, and 
equipped, and its destination was Louisville, Ky. 

FIBU) AND STAFF. 

Colonel, Robert H. G. Minty, Detroit. Lieutenant Colonel, , . Majora, 

Josiah B. Park, Ovid; William H. Dickenson, Grand Eapids; Horace Gray, Grosse Isle. 
Surgeon, George W. Fish, Flint. Assistant Surgeon, John H. Bacon, Lansing. Adju- 
tant, Joseph W, Huston, Paw Paw. Quartermaster, Walter 0. Arthur, Detroit. Com- 
missary, Edwin H. Porter, Kalamazoo. 

COMPANIES. 

A. Captain, Allen G. Wells, Wellsville. First Lieutenant, BIckford P. Hutchinson, 
Utlca. Second Lieutenant, George E. Corbin, Granville. 

B. Captain, Frank W. Mix, Allegan. First Lieutenant, Chauncy F. Shephard, Owosso. 
Second Lieutenant, Julius M. Carter, Ovid. 

C. Captain, Thaddeus W. Melchor, Paw Paw. First Lieutenant, Robert Burns, Lafay- 
ette. Second Lieutenant, George W. Lawton, Lawton. 

D. Captain, John N. McFarland, Plymouth. First Lieutenant, Wesley A. Green, 
Detroit. Second Lieutenant, Thomas J. Sheers, Nankin. 

E. Captain, Joseph B. Tolton, Manchester. First Lieutenant, Joshua W. Mann, 
Owosso. Second Lieutenant, Edward L. Tucker, Macon. 

F. Captain, Richard R. Robbins, Adrian. First Lieutenant, Walter B. Anderson, 
Adrian. Second Lieutenant, Tunis W. Henion, Adrian. 

G. Captain, Barber N. Sheldon, Qumcy. First Lieutenant, Daniel Duesler, Qulnoy. 
Second Lieutenant, Henry D. Fields, Bronson. 

H. Captain, Alfred Abeel, Dearborn. First Lieutenant, Frank Burr, Grand Rapids. 
Second Lieutenant, Arthur Wood, Grand Rapids. 

I. Captain, Horace D. Grant, Jackson. First Lieutenant, Henry A- Stetson, JaokBon. 
Second Lieutenant, William W. Van Antwerp, Jackson. 

K. Captain, W. H. Smith, Lapeer. First Lieutenant, L. Brlggs Eldridge, Lapeer. 
Second Lieutenant, Daniel West, Attica. 

L. Captain, Benjamin D. Pritcliard, Allegan. First Lieutenant, Isaac Lamoreaax, 
Manlius. Second Lieutenant, Thomas J. Parker, Allegan. 

M. Captain, Emory M. Plimpton, Niles. First Lieutenant, Hiram F. Beals, Dowaglac 
Second Lieutenant, Aaron Rowe, Niles. 

(639) 



640 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

The 4th, in command of Colonel Minty, marched from Louisville on Octo- 
tober 10th, 1862, and was in the advance on Stanford, Ky., where Morgan was 
stationed with 2,500 men, and two pieces of artillery, attacliing and driving 
him as far as Crabb Orchard, killing a lieutenant colonel, and taking a major 
and eleven men prisoners, when the regiment marched back, via SpringGeld 
to Muiifordsville. 

On November 1st it marched, 543 strong, from this point, with the cavalry 
division, via Bowling Green, South Union, Springfield, and Mitchellville, to 
Galatin, Tenn., and there reported to Major General Crittenden on November 
8th, Crossing the Cumberland it met and drove Morgan's pickets; next 
morning marched for Lebanon, again driving in his pickets, and at a gallop 
entered that place, two miles in advance of the infantry, attacking and driv- 
ing Morgan with his force of 750 men, and his two pieces of artillery, cap- 
turing a large number of mules, commissary stores, and clothing; rejoining 
Crittenden at Silver Springs it was engaged in picketing and scouting the sur- 
rounding country. 

On the 19th it escorted the 14th brigade from Rural Hill to Stewart's Ferry, 
where it continued on scouting duty, and on the 28th reported to General L)» 
S. Stanley, chief of cavalry, and marched to Camp Rosecrans, near Nashville, 
where it was again engaged in scouting, having lost three men wounded, dur- 
ing October and November. 

At 7 o'clock on the morning of December 4th, 1862, Colonel Minty, with 
302 officers and men, moved from camp at Nashville on a reconnoissance in 
the direction of Franklin. When about eijiht miles from Nashville he 
encountered the enemy's pickets, driving them back on both the Wilson Creek 
and Franklin pikes to their reserve posted at "Hollow Tree Gap," naturally 
an exceedingly strong position. Dislodging the enemy at this point he 
advanced to within one mile of Franklin where a large rebel force was 
stationed ; thence he returned to camp at Nashville, not having sustained any 
loss. 

On the 11th, the regiment, as part of the cavalry force, under command 
of General Stanley, moved towards Triune, engaging the enemy about twelve 
miles out on the Wilson Creek f)ike, driving him buck to within four or five 
miles of Triune. Learning that the enemy was in force at that point, under 
Generals Buckner and Hardee, General Stanley withdrew three miles and 
halted on a cross road towards Franklin, the hoisos remaining saddled during 
the night. Before daylight moved on, arriving at Franklin about 7 A. M. 
Found the enemy 1,300 strong, well posted under cover of houses along the 
banks of the river. Colonel Minty advanced with the regiment at a gallop to 
a shallow ford, the bridge having been destroyed, where, with the revolving 
rifles, he succeeded in forcing a passage across, capturing the rebel pickets and 
dislodging the enemy. He pursued him three miles, keeping well in advance 
of the mounted force, killing one captain and four men, wounding 6 and 
capturing the rebel colors and seventeen prisoners, two of whom were officers, 
and on returning to Franklin destroyed a large quantity of flour and other 
stores. Notwithstanding the regiment was much exposed to rebel fire it had 
no casualties. The 4th then returned to camp at Nashville. 

In the account given in the Annals of the Cumberland of the capture of 
Franklin, is found the following notice of the regiment: 

" Company I, of the 4.th Michigan cavalry, dismounting, took position near the bridge 
and opened fire on tlie mill; the remainder of the 4th Michigan dismounted under cover 
of the rising ground, on which the 7th Pennsylvania were lormed, and advanced at the 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 641 

double-quick, passed the position of the 7tli Pennsylvania, waded across the river, and 
drove the rebels from the town. Colonel Minty was the first man across the river, and 
as he scrambled up the south bank lie took a rebel oflicer. The 4lh Michifjan had passed 
through the town and were following the enemy out on the Columbia and Carter's Creek 
pikes on foot, before any of the mounted men had crossed the river. The enemy left 
one captain and four privates dead in the town, and ten severely wounded, while fifteen 
or twenty prisoners were captured." 

On the 15th, Cuptain Abeel, with a picket detail of 40 men, stationed on the 
Murfreesboio pilce, was approached by a flag of truce, and while in negotiation 
with the oflicer accompanying it, was surprised and captured, with his entire 
command. 

On the 20th it fought at Laurel Hill. On the 21st, Captain Mi.x, with 50 
men moved out of camp, with orders to scout in the direction of Franklin, on 
both sides of Wilson's Creek pike, and obtain all information possible. About 
four miles out he met Col. Stanley in charge of a forage train, with two regi- 
ments of infantry, a section of artillery, and a detachment of 30 men of the 
4th Kentucky Cavalry. The Colonel informed Captain Mix that the Ken- 
tuckians were skirmishing with the enemy, and directed him to join them, 
assume command, and act as his judgment might dictate. Dismounting his 
men, and fading to dislodge the enemy, strongly posted behind a stone fence, 
the Captain remounted his force and cluirged, causing a precipitate retreat of 
the enemy, after firing two heavy volleys, wounding Sergeant Mclntire of 
Company B, while the rebels lost 7 killed and 10 captured. Captain Mix 
received a complimentary note from General Stanley, who characterized the 
affair as a gallant charge. 

There was a general advance of the Army of the Cumberland from Nash- 
ville, on the 26th, in the approach to Lavergne. The regiment in command 
of Lieutenant Colonel Dickinson, as a part of Minty's brigade, met the enemy 
about ten miles out, on tlie Murfreesboro pike. After sharp skirmishing, the 
rebels fell back, being steadily reinforced until arriving at Lavergne, where 
they made a stand with 2,500 cavalry and mounted infantry, with four pieces 
of artillery, under General Wheeler. Here the fighting continued until dark, 
when the regiment bivouacked, having lost one wounded. 

On the morning of the 27th, the enemy having fallen back, Minty's brigade 
moved forwaid with the exception of one battalion of the 4th Michigan, under 
command of Captain Mix, who was sent to the left in advance of the brigade 
to report to General Hazcn, on the Jefft-rson pike. General Hazen directed 
Captain Mix to gain possession (if possible) of a bridge about two miles in 
front of him, and pievent its destruction. He pushed forward, and was 
immediately confronted by a force of rebel cavahy. He chaiged, and in less 
than fifteen minutes after having received the order he had possession of the 
bridge, having driven an entire regiment of rebel cavalry over it. He was in 
turn attacked by the whole of Bulord's brigade, but held his position for an 
hour and a half, when General Hazen came up with his infantry and Buford 
fell back. Captain Mix had two men wounded and three taken prisonsrs. 

Colonel Mmty says, m a report covering the operations of his brigade from 
the l(5th to the oOtii inclusive: 

"I marched from Camp Ko.sccrnns, near Nashville, on the moraing of Deicmbcr IGth, 
with the 3d Kentucky, ith Michigan, 7th Pennbylvunia. and one company of the '2d Indi- 
ana, and reported to General Tiihner on the Murfreesboro road. In accordunce with 
orders received from him througli the colonel commanding the division, I placed the 3d 
Kentucky on the left, and the 7th Pennsylvania on the right of the road, kocpuig the Ith 
ilichigaii on the pike, with a strong advance guard thrown out. 

81 



643 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

" Ten miles from Nashville I met the enemy's pickets, who, as they fell back before us, 
wei'e continually reinforced, until arriving at Lavergue they diniuLed our progress willi a 
force of 2,500 cavalry and mounted infantry, with four pieces ui' artillery, under General 
AV heeler. After some sharp skirmishing, in which we suffered some loss, and did the 
enemy considerable damage, I, under cover of a slight eminence, in Mhiuh Lieutenant 
Newell, of Battery D, 1st Ohio, had his section planted, placed two companies of the 4tii 
Michigan, dismounted and in ambush, behind a fence, to support the artillery. I must 
here mention that Lieutenant Newell did splendid service with his t\s u 3-inch Piodmans. 
Every shot was well planted, and he nobly fought the four guns of the enemy for over 
half an hour, when a battery from General Palmer's division came up to his abbibtance. 
One of the gunners was killed by a shell from the enemy while serving his gun. 

" Saturdaj', December 27lh. The 7th Pennsylvania, under Major Wynkoop, made a 
reconnoissance in front of General Palmer's division, which occupied a position on tlie 
left of the line. One battalion of the 4th Michigan, under Captain Mix, was sent out on 
the Jefferson pike, and did not rejoin the brigade until the following day. I beg to refer 
you to the report of Captain Mix for particulars. The aimy advanced at about 1 o'clock 
A.M., the 3d Kentucky and one company of 2d Indiana, under my immediate direction, 
covering the right flank, camped near Steward's Creek this niij,ht. 

" Sunday, December 28th. I sent one battalion of the 7th Pennsylvania, under Cap- 
tain Jennings, to relieve the battalion, 4th Michigan, on the Jefferson pike. 

"Monday, December 29th. The army again advanced, the 7th Pennsylvania, under 
Major Wynkoop, on ihe left flank; 3d Kentucky, under Colonel Mussy, on the right Hank; 
4th Michigan, under Lieutenant Colonel Dickenson, in reserve; 2d Indiana on courier 
•duty. Light skirmishing with the enemy all day. Found the enemy in position in front 
•of Murfreesboro at about 3 o'clock P. M. Bivouacked immediately in rear of our line of 
battle. 

"Tuesday, December 30th. One battalion of the 7th Pennsylvania and one battalion 
of the 3d Kentucky formed a chain of videttes in rear of the line of battle, with ordei-s to 
drive up all stragglers. Under orders from the colonel commanding the division, I took 
the 4th Michigan and one battalion of the 7th Pennsylvania back on the Nashville pike to 
operate against Wheeler's cavalry, who a few hours before had captured the train of the 
28th brigade on the Jefferson pike, between Stewart's Creek and Laveigiie. I met the 
«nemy, who were chiefly in our uniforms. The 7th Pennsylvania drove them until after 
dark. I joined Colonel Walker's brigade and camped with them near Lavergne for the 
night," 

Ou the afteruoon of the 31st, the regiment having moved rapid!}' across the 
country from Lavergne, whither it iiad been sent the night before to operate 
against General Wheeler, rejoined the brigade, which took up a position ou 
the right flank of General McCook, at Stone river, and uearly parallel to, and 
about three-fourths of a mile from, the Nashville and Murfreesboro pike. 
Here the regiment, in command of Captain Mix, formed a line of dismounted 
skirmishers, close to the edge of a wood, out of which had been driven a large 
force of the enemy's cavalry. Colonel Minty, with his brigade, was here 
driven back by an overwhelming force of dismounted cavalry, with four pieces 
•of artillery, just at sundown. The enemy remounted, and, advancing from 
tlie wood, formed in four lines. After failing back under cover of a small 
knoll, the colonel reformed his brigade, and General Stanley ordered a charge, 
liimself leading two companies of tlie 4th Michigan and 5U of the 15th Penn- 
sylvania, rouiing the enemy and caj)turing a stand of colors. At the same time 
•Colonel Minty charged the first line in his front with the balance of the 4tli 
Michigan and 1st Tennessee, driving it back, and again reforming daslied at 
the second line of the enemy, which again broke and run, retreating from the 
field. 

Colonel Minty in his report says: 

"Under orders from General Hosccrans, I reported to Brigadier General Stanley, chief 
of cavalry, who came u]) the same morning witli the 1st Mai viand, l&t Tennessee, and a 
part of the 15th Pennsylvania, and in acccordance with iiib orders we moved rapidly 
across the country toward the right Hank of General McCook's position, leaving Lieu- 
tenant Colonel Dickinson with 120 men to protect Lieutenant Newell's section of artillery 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 643 

«t the cross-roads noithvest from Stowanl's Crook. The enomy's cavalry foil back 
rapidly before us for soiuo milos. Whon close to Overall's crook, our own artillery in 
position to our left opo.K^d on us with sholl, and wounded severely one man of the 15th 
Pennsylvania. Crossing Ovorall's crook, took up poi^ition parallel to, and about three- 
quarters of a mile from, the Murfreesboro and Nashville pike, the 4th Michij,'an, under 
command of Captain Mix, forming a line of dismounted skirmishprs olo.ce to tlie edire of 
the vvoutlp. out uf which they had driven a large force of the enemy's cavah-y. They 
were bUpported by a part of the 1st Middin Tonnosspo Cavahy, also di'^iiiounicd; rajitain 
Jennings's battalion of the 7th Pennsylvania, and two companies of the 3d Kentucky, 
under Captain Davis, were posted in the woods in rear and to the right of the 4th Michi- 
gan, with the 15th Pennsylvania (Anderson troop) in their rear-. My eutuo loico at this 
time numbered 950 men. 

" The enemy advanced rapidly with 2,500 cavalry, mounted and dismoimtod, with three 
pieces of artillery, all under the command of Geiiorals Wheeler, Wharlon, and LJuford. 
They drove back the 4th Michigan to the line of the Ist Tennessee skirmishert., and then 
attacked the 7th Pennsylvania with great fury, but met with a detenuinod resistance. I 
went forward to the line of dismounted skirmishers, and endeavored to move them to the 
right to strengthen the 7th Pennsylvania, but the moment the right of the line showed 
Itself from behind the fence where they were posted, the whole of the enemy's fire was 
directed on it, throwing it completely round. At this moment the 15th Pennsylvania gave 
way, leaving the battalion of the 7th Pennsylvania and the dismovmted men entirely 
unsupported, and leaving them no alternative but retreat. I fell back a couple of fields 
and reformed in rear of a rising ground, which protected us from the enemy's artillery. 

" The rebel cavalry followed us up sharply into the open ground, and now menaced us 
with three strong lines, two directly in front of our position, and one opposite our left 
flank, with its right thrown well forward, and a strong body of skirmishers in the woods 
-on our righf, threatening that flank. 

" General Stanley ordered a charge, and he himself led two companies of the 4th Mich- 
igan (H and K), with about 50 men of the 15th Pennsylvania, against the line in front of 
our left. He routed the enemy and captured one stand of colors, which was brought in 
by a sergeant of the 15th Pennsylvania. Captain Jennings of the 7th Pennsylvania, with 
his battalion, supported this movement. At the same time I charged the first line in our 
front with the 4th Michigan and 1st Tennessee, and drove them from the field. The sec- 
ond line was formed on the far side of a lane, with a partially destroyed fence on each 
side, and still stood their ground. I reformed my men and agam charged, the enemy 
^ain broke and were driven from the field in the wildest confusion. 

"I held the ground that night with the 1st Tennessee. 15th Pennsylvania, and 4th 
Michigan — picketing the whole way of my first position. 

"A sergeant of the 1st Pennsylvania, who was taken prisoner by the enemy when we 
were driven back, states that before we charged we had killed twenty-seven, including 
many ofQcers. " 

During the engagement the regiment lost 5 wounded, 3 prisoners, and 2 
missing, and in the operations connected with Stone river lost i'Z horses killed, 
3 wounded, and 8 captured; while the loss of the enemy appears to have been 
very great in prisoners, as Minty's brigade alone ca])iured and turned over 192. 

The 4th Michigan was also engaged skirmishing with the enemy on the Ist, 
2d, 3d, and 4th of January following, with a loss of 2 killed and 13 prisoners. 

Colonel Minty furtlier says: 

" On January 5th, 18G3, I marched through Murfreesboro and took the Manchester 
pike. One mile out I met the enemy's pickets and reported the lact to Geiu-jal Stanley, 
who ordered an advance and took the lead with the 4th Cavalry. After ciossing a small 
creek about two miles from Murfreesboro, the bridge over which had been destroyed, the 
rebels conmienced shelling us. 

"I sent the 3d Kentucky well to the right and front, and the 7th Pennsylvania to the 
left, keeping the 4th Michigan, 1st and 2d Tennessee in reserve. After some little delay 
we again advanced, the 4th Michigan b»'ing next to and on the right of the ruad, with one 
■company advanced as skirmishers, the 3d Kentucky on the right of the 4th Micliigan. the 
1st Tennessee on the right of the 3d Kentucky, and the 2d Tennessee in reserve. In this 
formation we moved through a cedar thicket with a dense undergiowih rendering it almost 
impossible to force our way through. We had occasional heavy skirmishing with the 
enemy, who continued to shell us as we advanced. About si.\ miles out we met the 
•enemy in force; a sharp skirmish entued, the 4th Cavalry, 1st Tennessee Inlantry and the 
7th Pennsylvania Cavalry having to bear the brunt of the hght on our side. The enemy 



644 • MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

■were driven from the field with heavy loss, and we returned to within a mile and a half of 
Murfreesboro and went into camp. 

"Captain Mix with about fifty men not only drove two hundred of the enemy for over 
'two miles, but held his position against a regiment of rebel cavalry. 

"Lieutenant Eldridge, with eighteen men, dismounted, attacked the enemy, routed 
them, and recaptured a wagon full of ammunition. 

"In reporting such ofQcers and men who deserve special mention, I must confine 
myself to those v/ho came imdor my perponfil ol'scrvation. 

"First Sergeant Jacob Bedteiyuu, of Cumpauy K, 4th JNIichigan cavalry, rode by my 
side during both charges against the enemy, in the engagement of Wednesday evening, 
December 31st, and displayed great gallantry and coolness. I have recommended him 
to His Excellency, the Governor of Michigan, for promotion. 

" Bugler Ben Defeulwick, 2d Indiana cavalrry, and Quartermaster Sergeant Edward T. 
Owen, 4th Michigan cavalry; when we were driven back in the early part of the evening 
of the 31st, I was on foot and in rear of the dismounted skirmishers, who were running 
for their horses, when these two gallant soldiers galloped to the front, bringing up my 
horse. 

" * * * Captain Frank W. Mix, 4th Michigan cavalry, had his horse shot under him 
during the first chiirge; he piesbed forward on foot, caught a stray horse, and led his 
company in the setjund charge. Many others undoubtedly did as well as those I have 
mentioned, but the above are the cases that came under my immediate notice." 

The regiment, witli its brigade, moved out from Murfreesboro on the evening 
of the 9tb. in the direction of Nashville, scouting the country between these 
points. The command halted a couple of days near Nashville, tl\pnce it pro- 
ceeded towards Harpeth river, then scouting the country down the Harpeth to 
the Cumberland, some twenty miles below Nashville in pursuit of the rebel 
cavalry who were becoming a source of much annoyance to the transports on 
the river, driving Wheeler's, Forrest's and Wharton's cavalry beyond Harpeth 
river, and capturing 18 prisoners. While on the expedition the regiment 
marched 250 miles in storms of rain and snow, part of the time without 
rations, a necessity growing out of the destitution of the country, lieturning 
to Murfreesboro on the 19th went into camp. 

During the remainder of the month the regiment was engaged as scouts, 
driving tiie enemy from Biadyville, Woodbury, and Eover. 

On February 1st, 1863, acting under orders from General Jeff. C. Davis, 
witli whom the cavalry command formed a junction at Eaglesville, Minty's 
brigade moved towards Franklin, reaching that point about noon on tiie 2 J. 
After scouting the country m the vicinity of Thompson's Station, the regi- 
ment, in command of Captain Tolton, with the balance of the cavalry force, 
marched on the 3d in pursuit of the rebel Generals Wheeler and Forrest, who 
had recently made an unsuccessful attack on Fort Donelson. Passing up in 
the direction of that point the command captured Colonel Carroll and Major 
Rombout, of Forrest's staff, and two lieutenants and 23 men of Forrest's 
escort, a courier with dispatches to General Whaiton, together with wagons, 
teams, and supplies. On learning that Wheeler and Forrest had escaped, and 
arrived witliin their own lines, the command marched via Franklin to Eagles- 
ville, reaching there on the 12th, having had a skirmish at Charlotte on the 
6th. On the loth moved in the direction of Rover, where a slight skirmish 
took place, when the command returned to Murfreesboro and encamped. 

During this scout, which was one of great exposure and privation, cold, and 
rainy, the command being destitute even of shelter tents, yet the 4th had 
marched about 280 miles, capturing 145 prisoners, including two colonels and 
14 other commissioned oihcers. 

On the 19th the regiment, with the brigade, marched out on the Liberty 
pike, and on the morning of the 20th met Morgan's cavalry, charged them, 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. ^5| 

aud drove tlieni six miles and two miles boyoiid Liberty, returniug on tho 2l8t 
to cuuip at Murfreesboru. 

From Colonel Miiity's reports: 

"During this month, a picket consisting; of a lieutenant and forty-one men of tlie 4th 
Michii-an, was post«>(l about throe miles from Murfroesboio on tbo Mnnclicster pike; it 
was attacked by the rebel cavalry, and without making much of a light the lieutenant was 
fallinir back. Corporal Ketchum, of Company A, called out: 'By G— , the colonel won't 
like this; come, boys, don't let us disgrace ourselves,' aud wheeling lound, galloped back 
towards the rebels. He was followed by four men, who kept up such a firo from their 
revolving rifles that the enemy was driven back with a loss of six killed and many 
wounded. 

" On their return to camp the lieutenant was requested to send in his resignation, and 
Corporal Ketchum was promoted to scigeant. 

" Lieutenant Kesford and forty men from the 4th Michigan Cavalry', were on picket on 
the Manchester pike, in front of Murfroethoro. They weie attacked by the rebel cavalry, 
and after a sharp light were forced to fall back, llexfoid reported his position, and the 1st 
Middle Teunes&ee, Lieutenant Colonel Galbraith commanding, was bent to his assistance, 
and the rebels were driven back to beyond Pa'xford's original position. The ri-b<ls again 
attacked and the whole force was driven back some distance. Colonel Griffith was in 
favor of falling back on the infantry pickets, but before giving his orders to that eflect, 
called his officers together for consultation; ihey all favored retreat except Rexford, who 
counseled a sabre charge. Galbraith asked if he would make the ciiarge, and tliat he 
(Galbraith) would support him with his regiment. Eexford answered, ' Of course I will,' 
and without waiting for further discussion galloped over to his men, and leading them, 
dashed right at the enemy and drove them in perfect confusion five milee. We afterwards 
ascertained from prisoners taken in this gallant charge, that the force thus driven was 
Bushrod Johnson's brigade of mounted infantry." 

The res^inient, in command of Major Mix, as a part of Minty's brigade, 
marcheti fiom Murfreesboro on March 4th, 18G3, on a scout which is covered 
by a report of Colonel Minty to the Chief oi Cavalry, dated March 14th, as 
follows : 

" On the 4th Inst. I reported to General Sheridan, on the Salem pike, with 863 men 
composed of parts of the 1st, 2d, and 3d Cavalry Brigades, two companies of the 4th U. 
S. Cavalry, and Lieutenant Newell's section of artillery. 

" The General ordered me to drive the enemj' out of Kover. A mile and a half from 
that place I met the pickets and drove them in sharply. At Kover I found about 400. who 
appeared determined to make a stand. I detached the 4lh Michigan Cavalry with oiders 
to gain the pikii between them and Uuionvilie. The enemy, perceiving my design, com- 
menced a retreat. I followed them closely up with the 7th Pennsylvania and 4th U. S. 
Cavalry, and finding that the 4th Michigan had failed in cutting them off, I gave theord^r 
to draw sabres and charge. 

" At Union ville I found a regular camp of about 600 more; these weie drivtin before us 
to within five miles of Shelbyville, where we ran into the infantry pickets, 151 of whom 
were captured. 

" The 7th Pennsylvania had the good fortune to be in the advance, and were the only 
men engaged, with the exception of a few of the 4th Michigan. We captured 51 prison- 
ers, 17 wagons, 42 mules, 31 tents, a couple of wagon-loads of bacon, meal, etc., etc. 

" Our only casualty was one man, 7th Pennsylvania, slightly wounded in the foot. 

"I fell back to Eaglesville, taking the captured property with mo, and was there joined 
by General Sheridan next morning. 

"5th. Heavy tiring heat a soutii of Franklin all day; sent Colonel Long with the 3d 
Ohio and 7th Pennsylvania towards Chapel Hill, to open communications with General 
Steedman, and smaller scouts in various dUections to gain information of the enemy's 
whereabouts. 

" 6th. Moved to within a few miles of Triune. 

" 7th. Went towards Unionville for the purpose of feeling the enemy. When four miles 
beyond Eiiglesvillo, received an order from General Sheridan to return to Triune forth- 
with. On my arrival there, the General ordered mo to proceed to Franklin without 
unnecessary delay. (Jamped within nine miles of Franklin that night. 

"8th. Arrived at Franklin about mid-day. 

"9th. Under orders from Major General Granger marched at daylight on Ckrtef* 
Creek pike to make a circuit tlirough the country,, and form a junction at Thompson's 
Station with General G. C. Smith, who had marched for that place the previouB night. 



646 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

Six miles out we met the enemy's pickets, •who were rapidly driven by the 4th cavahy^ 
A mile and a half from Thompson's Station I found a force of about seven Imndred rebet 
cavalry drawn up to receive me. My column was at this time verj' much scattered by a 
rapid mnrch over a bad dirt road. After some little delay in forming mj' mvn I advanced 
toward the enemy who declined to fight by retreating rapidh'. Thoy were ck>Stfly pressed 
by the 4th United States cavalry, to whose support I sent a portion of the 7th Pennsyl- 
vania. At Thompson's Station, the rebels (28th Miss, or 3d Miss, cavalry), were rein- 
forced by Steam's regiment (3d Tenn.), but after a sharp skirmish the whole brigade was 
driven from the field by two companies of the 4th U. S. cavalry and about fifty men of 
the 7th Pennsylvania, with a loss of five killed and thirteen taken prisoners. I regret to 
say that three gallant fellows of the 4th U. S. cavalry were killed and one wounded. 

" I sent a courier to General Smith, who was about three miles from the station 
towards Frankhn, and awaited his arrival. Camped at Spring Hill that night. 

"10th. About 9 A. M. advanced towards Columbia; found General Smith's command; 
halted about a mile from Rutherford's Creek, the bridge over which had been destroyed. 
Was ordered by General Sheridan to try if the ford a mile and a half above was practicable. 
I found the water very deep and rapid. While making the examination we were fired 
on by about 100 rebels who lay behind a stone wall, close to the opposite side of the- 
creek. The 4th Indiana, who were in advance, lost two men killed and three severely 
wounded. Camped at Moore's Ford, one mile higher up the creek. 

" 11th. General Forrest, with about five hundred men, advanced to the opposite side of 
the ford, when a sharp fire was opened on them by the 4th Michigan cavaliy, causing 
them some loss. Having about this time received orders to cross the creek, if I found 
the ford practicable. Lieutenant Newell opened on them with his guns and soon drove 
them to the woods. I then ci'ossed the creek, the 4th Michigan taking the advance. A& 
I formed on the opposite .side of the creek, the enemy appeared in line in the distance, 
and dismounting, advanced on foot with their battle-flag flying. I sent a regiment (4th 
Michigan), to the right, and requested General Smith— who was now crossing his force — 
to send a regiment to the left for the purpose of getting in the enemy's rear. Per.;eiving 
our object they rapidly mounted and fell back. We pursued them about five miles in the 
direction of the Lewisburg pike, then marched for the Columbia pike. General Smith's 
force following. When a mile and a half from Columbia I halted, it being now quite dark, 
and sent the 3d Ohio, under Colonel Long, to feel for the enemy's pickets towards Colum- 
bia. Colonel Long arrived at Duck river Avitliout meeting them, and there found that all 
of Van Dom's force had crossed during the day on a pontoon bridge and by the ferry 
boat. Returned to our camp of the previous night. 

"12th. Returned to Franklin. 

"13th. Camped two miles west of Triune. 

" 14th. Returned to Murfreesboro, arriving in camp at 3:30 P. M." 

The regiment, in command of Major Mix, on the 20th, mnveri ont on the 
Woodbury pilve, in the direction of McMinnville, Lieutenant Colonel Park 
in command of the brigade, Colonel Minty commanding the cavalry force. 

Early in the morning of the 21st proceeding by a circuitous road to tlie 
right, via Jackson, the 7th Pennsylvania met the enemy's pickets and drove 
them through McMinnville. Colonel Park, with the 4th Michigan and 1st 
Middle Tennessee, moved down the railroad about two miles to a bridge. The 
4th Michigan burnt the bridge, a quantity of camp and garrison equipage, 
and destroyed a large amount of quartermaster's stores and bacon ; thence 
Colonel Park proceeded to Morrison, a point on the railroad where Colonel 
Long had earlier in the day burnt the depot and a train of cars. Colonel 
Park finding this accomplished, returned to the bridge and bivouacked, hav- 
ing captured two captains (commissaries) and some ten or twelve other prison- 
ers. The cavalry command wounded and captured the notorious Dick McCanu 
(and over 100 prisoners) but he effected his escape the same night from a 
guard of the 4th regulars. 

In the charge made by the advance guard on the enemy's pickets, Corporal 
Shut, 7th Pennsylvania, mortally wounded Lieutenant Colonel Martin, of 
Johnson's Kentucky Cavalry, by a sabre cut in the head, while in a hand to 
band combat. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 647 

On the 23d. the command, moving in the direction of Liberty, passed 
through that place and Alexandria, thence through Smithville, and after 
scouring the country in the vicinity of Lebanon, on the i^Oth reached camp at 
Murfreesboro, having marched 328 miles, and taken 130 prisoners at Mc- 
Minnville. 

In Ai)ril, 18G3, the regiment, in command of Lieutenant Colonel Park, was 
engaged in several expeditions out of Murfreesboro. On the second one, in 
command of Major General Stanley, marched from that point, Minty's bri- 
gade in advance, with the 10th Ohio Cavalry leading. The rebel pickets were 
met at Auburn, and driven to Prosperity Church, where the advance was 
checked, and where the enemy was foi^d in force, showing a bold front in a 
piece of woods. 

Colonel Minty says in his report: 

"I directed Colonel Smith, 10th Ohio, to dislodge them. Four companies moved up to 
the attaclv, but were driven back, aud the entire regiment came back in a very undismified 
maimer, without having had a single man hurt, and were forthwiih dubbed the Bloody 
loth. The 4th Michigan stood next in column, Company D. Captain Hathaway com- 
manding, in advance. I directed the captain to take one platoon forward and find out 
what was in the wood. The platoon conr-isted of fifteen men, wlio pubhed lurward, dis- 
lodged the enemy, and held the position, losing one man taken prisoner. 

" General iiianley, having. now come up, ordered the artillery to the front, and threw a 
few shells, which effectually drove them off. 

"On the 3d, advanced on Liberty, the 1st brigade again taking the advance; drove a 
small force from Prosperity Church to Liberty, where the enemy was found in position 
on the opposite side of the river, and the hill back of Liberty covered with sharp- 
shooters. 

'"The 2d brigade having been sent across the river higher up, effectunllv turned the 
enemy's flank, and caused them to retreat rapidly towards Snow Hill. We followed 
closely. "When about half a mile from the base of the hill, they took up a position and 
attempted to make a stand, opening on us with four pieces of artillery. 

"The 7th Pennsylvania advanced directly up the road, the 4th Micliigan over the fields 
to the right, the artillery, 10th Ohio, and 1st Middle Tennessee slowly following the 7th 
Pennsylvania. I dismounted the 4th Michigan Cavalry and placed them on the hillside, 
close to the rebel position, where they opened fire, killing five. The 7th Pennsylvania 
at the same time charged up the road, when the enemy tired a volley aud retreated un a 
run." 

The enemy falling back on his position at Snow Hill, the Union infantry 
were ordered up, and the cavalry assuming a flanking position he fell back, 
when Minty's brigade, a little before dark, marched to Liberty and encamped. 

The command moved towards Alexandria on the 4th, and un the oth the 
4th Michigan and 7th Pennsylvania crossed the country in the direction of 
Statesville, joining the brigade near Beard's Mills, and proceeded within a 
short distance of Lebanon, capturing seven of ^lorgan's men, then encamped 
at Beard's M.Us, and next day returned to Murfree.'=boro. 

On the 9th the regiment, under Lieutenant Colonel Park, moved with the 
brigade through Triune, and in the diiection of Franklin, ai'riving at a ford 
on the Harpeth on the 10th. Finding the cavalry already engaged with the 
enemy on the south ?ide, the regiment moved down the river about two miles, 
and formed line of battle in rear of the artillery, which soon opened on the 
enemy j.ostcd on the opjiusite side. The regiment was then detached and 
ordered to proceed to the ford, cross, and reinforce the 4th U. S. Cavalry, but 
meeting tliat regiment returning, was dismounted and directed to guard the 
ford, and at dark fell bai^k and bivouacked. 

On the 12ih, while the regiment wa.s in the vicinity of Lavergne, Colonel 
Minty, who had been too ill to start out with his brigade, but who was after- 



648 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

wards telegraphed for by General Stanley, came up and took command. On 
his approach, the 4th Michigan was formed in line by Lieutenant Colonel Park, 
and as an everlasting testimonial of their confidence in the hero of so many 
cavalry fights, as well as their appreciation of the brave soldier, the gallant 
gentleman, and the true friend, the men drew their sabres, and waving them 
over their heads, rose in their stirrups and gave three cheers for *' Our 
Colonel:' 

On the 14th the regiment returned to Murfreesboro, having scouted the 
country in the vicinity of the railroad between that point and Lavergne. 

At 8 o'clock on the evening of May 22d, 1803, the regiment in command of 
Colonel Park, with its brigade, marched out of Murfreesboro on the yaline 
pike. When about two miles out, tooK a side road in the direction of Middle- 
ton. When within three miles of that place, a halt was ordered to allow the 
column to close up. Just at daylight the regiment, following two companies 
of the 4th U. S. Cavalry, acting as an advance guard (the balance of the 4th 
U. S. Cavalry with the 7th Tennessee Cavalry having been ordered to the left 
at this point), charged at a furious gallop into and through Middleton, and to 
a distance of a mile beyond into the camp of the 1st Alabama Cavalry, com- 
manded by Colonel W. W. Allen. 

The two companies of the 4th U. S. Cavalry dashed into the camp, taking 
some prisoners, with whom they fell back to the rear. Colonel Park advanced 
his regiment some two hundred yards beyond the rebel camp, and discovering 
the enemy drawn up in line of battle on the opposite side of an open field, und 
on the edge of a piece of woods which bordered on it, at once dismounted the 
4th Michigan and advanced to the edge of the woods on the side of the field 
nearest him, and 0})ened a brisk fire on the enemy posted opposite, which was 
sharply replied to. The enemy, however, broke and ran after a few moments' 
firing, but with a loss of at least five killed and several wounded. Moving to 
the left towards the border of another large open field, and seeing nothing 
more of the enemy. Colonel Park returned to the rebel camp. Here he 
destroyed a large quantity of ordnance stores, and camp and garrison equip- 
age, between 5^50 and 300 rifles and muskets, a large number of saddles, and 
quite a sui)ply of clothing. After completing the destruction of all property 
which could be of any service to the enemy, he joined the column and marched 
for Murfreesboro. The enemy followed up closely, maintaining a harassing 
fire. The regiment was thrown out as a support to the rear guard, and after 
a short skirmish compelled the enemy to retire. The command arrived at 
Murfreesboro on the 23d at noon. 

In this expedition Lieutenant Edward L. Tucker was slightly wounded in 
the leg, and one enlisted man severely in the breast. Private Racine of Com- 
pany A (a boy of about 18) was well up in the advance, and after striking the 
camp bcciime separated from his company, and was shot through the right 
lung by a rebel soldier, wiio rushed at ihe wounded boy, calling out: "Sur- 
render, you damned Yankee!" Instead of obeying his summons, Eacine 
raised his carbine and shot the rebel dead. 

Shortly after, while Dr. Fish was dressing his wound, Racine gasped out: 
"Just think, Doctor, that fellow had the impudence to tell me to surrender!'* 

The standard of the 1st Alabama, referred to, was captured by Sergeant 
Major Clark and Privates Wilcox and Parker, 4th Michigan, and was after- 
wards presented to the people of Michigan through the colonel of the regi- 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 64d 

ment, in accordance with the following letter and resolutions, and is now on 
deposit with other trophies of the war, in the State Capitol at Lansing : 

Headquaeteks 1st Brtoade, '2d Cavalky Division, > 
Camp near Alurfreeaboro, Tenn., '20th May, ISO'S. f 

Brigadier General Robertson, Adjutant General, Michigan: 

SiK. — lu the name of the 4th Michigan cavalry I have much pleasure in piesfntiner to 
the people of Michigan, throuiih his Excellency, the Governor, the enclosed resolutions 
adopted at a meeting of the oflicers held at the headquarters of the regiment on the •23d 
instant. tt)gether with the standard of the 1st Alabama rebel cavalry, wliich was captured 
by us at Middletou, Tenn., on the 22d May, 18G3. 

I am respectfully your obedient servant, 

R. H. G. MINTY, 
• Colonel 4th Michigan Varatry. 

Headquarters 4th Michigan Cavalry, \ 
Camp Park, AJay 23d, 1S68. \ 

At a meeting of the officers of the 4th regiment Michigan cavalry, held at 
their headquarters, of which Lieutenant Colonel J. B. Park was chairman, 
and Lifcuteuant George K. Stone secretary, the following proceedings were 
held: 

Moved by Captain B. D. Pritchard that the flag recently captured by the 4th Michigan 
cavaliy at Middlcton, Tenn., from the 1st Alabama regiment of rebel cavalry, be pre- 
sented to the people of the State of Michigan; which motion Avas unanimously adopted. 

On motion of Captain B. B. Bobbins that a committee of three be appointed for the 
purpose of drafting suitable resolutions to accompany the presentation, the chair 
appointed the following as such committee: Captain R. B. Robbins, Major Frank W. Mix, 
Captain B. D. Prichard. 

The following resolutions were subsequently submitted by the committee and 

unanimously adopted : 

Whekeas, the 4th regiment Michigan cavalry, in its recent successful raid into Middle- 
ton, Tenn., captured the regimental flag from the 1st regiment Alabama cavalry, and duly 
appreciating the kindness of the people of the State of Michigan towards this regiment, 
and the deep interest manifested by them in the welfare of the army and the noble cause 
in which it is engaged; therefore be it 

Resolved, That the flag thus captured be presented by the officers and men of this reg- 
iment to the people of the State of Michigan as additional evidence of our attachment to 
the beautilul State we so proudly call our own and their devotion to the cause of our 
corAnon country, and we respectfuUy request that said fl.ag be placed among the State 
archives as a moniento of the services rendered by the 4th Michigan cavalry in the sup- 
pression of this wicked rebellion; 

Resolved, That while we deprecate the existence of the unnatural strife now going on 
between the different States in this Union we will not cr>' "hold, enough!" untU every 
rebel flag is either in safe keeping or trampled in the dust; that we know no friends 
except the friends of the old flag; no enemies except lis enemies; 

Resolved, That to Colonel Robert H. G. Minty be assigned the duty, as representative 
of this regiment, of presenting said flag. 

J. B. PARK, 

George R. Stone, Lieuienant Colonel, Chairman. 

Acting Adjutant, Secretary. 

On June 3d, 1863 a picket from the Manchester pike reported to Colonel 
Minty at his headquarters in Murfreesboro that the picket line on that road 
had been attacked and driven in, and that the rebels were crossing in consid- 
erable force toward the Wartrace road, with the evident intention of cutting 
off the pickets stationed there. 

Tlie 7th Pennsylvania, 4th Michigan (in command of Colonel Park), and 
3d Indiana cavaliy, were at once saddled up, and in a few minutes Major Mix, 
82 



650 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

with a hundred of the 4th Michigan moved out to the support of the picket 
ou the Wartrace road. 

Colonel Minty received orders to take three regiments on the Bradyville road 
to the front, occupied by the picket. Not finding the enemy, he was ordered 
to take the regiments out on the Manchester pike, but on representing to the 
general commanding that Major Mix was engaged on the Wartrace road with 
a superior force, was allowed to take it. 

On arriving at the infantry picket on that road, a courier from Major Mix 
reported that the rebels had opened on him with three pieces of artillery, but 
that he had driven them across Stone river, where they were strongly posted 
on a hill. The skirmishers of the 4th Michigan were pushed forward and a. 
piece of artillery brought into position, when, after filing a few shells, the 
enemy dispersed. Colonel Park then moved to the front with the 4th Miclii- 
gan, burning some buildings and a mill, when the command returned to camp 
at Murf reesboro. 

It appeared from accounts given by the negroes that a brigade of rebel cav- 
alry and mounted infantry, with seven pieces of artillery, were in position in 
rear of the houses when the artillery opened on thein. 

On June 10th, at 3 A. M., Colonel Minty received orders to proceed with 
his brigade to Salem, and from thence to scout the country toward Middleton 
and Eiiglesville. At Versailles his advance met the enemy and drove hitn a 
few miles, while a part of the force encountered and drove his pickets at Mid- 
dleton, and on ascertaining that there was no other force moving in that 
direction the command again returned to Murfrecsboro. 

Minty received orders from General Stanley to march with his brigade at 5> 
P. M. on the loth, taking the Lebanon pike; arrived at Stone river at 4 
A. M. At Lebanon he learned from negroes that the rebels, about 600 
strong, under Colonel Duke, of Morgan's command, had left Lebanon at 5 
P. M. by the Sparta (or Alexandria) road. Minty immediately followed to 
Spring creek, and while dismounted to feed and water the rebels attacked his 
pickets, driving them in, and following with about 300 men, mounted and. 
dismounted. He sent the 7th Pennsylvania to the right, and Major Mix, with 
the 4th Michigan, to the left (and to proceed ahead of the column), tlie 4th 
Kegulars on the pike, the 5th Iowa on the reserve, and a battalion 3d I^^^li- 
ana guarding the ambulances. The rebels retired slowly, fighting pci- 
sisteutly, until near "Shop Spring," when the 4Lh Regulars charged and 
drove tliem from the fences and houses, behind which they had been fighting, 
and continued driving them. Information being received that Morgan was at 
Alexandria with 4,000 men and from six to twelve pieces of artillery, the com- 
mand proceeded on the Alexandria road towards that point, firing being kept 
up by the pickets at intervals. A courier coming in from the picket m front 
reported that tlie enemy was advancing in force, and almost immediately lie 
opened fire with his artillery. The 4th Michigan being ordered to the front, 
the rebels fell byck, but the flanking parties on the right and left reported 
that a heavy column was moving down on each flank. Minty doubled hi& 
pickets and remained in position until 9 o'clock, when he fell back towards 
Beard's Mills, and next morning resumed the march to Murfrecsboro, having 
lost 1 killed 111 action and 1 by accident. 

Minty says in a report : " With a couple of pieces of artillery — which he had 
not — he would have given battle to Morgan at Alexandria, but without them 
he felt that he would have been fightmg at too great a disadvantage and use- 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 651 

lessly sacrificing the lives of his meu; he therefore considered it his duty to 
retire." 

It was subsequently ascertained that Morgan's force was 6,000 men, with 18 
pieces of artillery. 

This scout is said, in the reports, to have been one of the most fatiguing 
ever accomplished by the regiment, having been two days and nights in the 
saddle, without rest, while the horses were often without forage or feed of any 
description. 

There was a general forward movement of the army on the 24th of June, and 
the regiment as part of Minty's Brigade, in the 2d Cavalry Division, moved 
out about 8 A. M., in command of Major Mix, on the Woodbury pike as far as 
Bradyviile ; thence the brigade returned through Murfieesboro, and marched 
out on the Salem pike as far the old Shelbyville dirt-road, and then down that 
road to within a mile of Shelbyville, and bivouacked. 

At 2 P. M. on the 25th, the pickets being reported as driven in on the Shel- 
byville pike, Major Mix, having reported to Coluuel Patrick, oth Iowa, moved 
in advance with the 4th Michigan, and engaged the rebel pickets two miles 
out. Advancing in line on each side of the pike, through a dense cedar 
thicket, over ditches and rocks, almost impassable for horses, driving the 
enemy to Guy's Gap, where he was found to be strongly posted, and contest- 
ing every foot of ground. After heavy skirmishing for over an hour, driving 
most of his force through the Gap and capturing some prisoners, returned to 
the command. 

On the morning of June 27th, the regiment with its brigade moved on the 
pike in the direction of Shelbyville, and after passing Guy's Gap the command 
rode at a furious rate, until arriving within a mile of the enemy's works, and 
four miles from Shelbyville, when the enemy opened with his artillery. Minty's 
Brigade being about seven miles in advance of the firt^t division, Major Mix 
with the 4th Michigan was directed to move to the right and find a 
road that would lead inside the fortifications, then to move towards the pike 
and cut off his artillery. After proceeding two miles, skirmishing sharply 
with the enemy, the Major struck a road leading across a creek to their works. 
Crossing the creek, capturing two of their pickets, he pushed ra[)idly up ait 
ascent and soon obtained a foothold inside, and was engaged with the enemy 
at least half an hour before any other force arrived. Deploying his regiment 
in line, he moved obliquely towards the pike. As soon as firing commenced 
on this flank, the enemy witlidrew his artillery and moved into tiie town. Fir- 
ing was now heavy along the whole line of the regiment, and especially on the 
right, the enemy in the woods taking advantage of the exposed position of the 
right in passing through some open fields, lie would often take up a position 
under cover, and wlien charged, would fire his volley and secure a new atlvan- 
tage ground. By several successful assaults on the enemy, the left of the regi- 
ment reached the Shelbyville pike just before the head of the column of the 
7th Pennsylvania Cavalry, cluirging down the pike, reached this point. Here 
part of the regiment, consisting of the 1st and 2d Battalions, in command of 
Captains Grant and Pritchard,. became mixed up with the other regiments, 
and all went charging into Shelbyville at a gallop, throwing the eminy into 
great confusion, driving them into Duck river, drowning a large numln'r. kill- 
ing and wounding many more, capturing three pieces of artillery and about 
2U0 prisoners. Wliile leading in this charge Captain Ivobbins had his liorso 
shot under him, but instantly seizing another was soon again in the iliickestof 
the fight. 



653 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

Another portion of the 4th Michigan, with some of the 7th Pennsylvania, 
cut oil tlie rebel column as a portion of it turned to the left to pass down tlie 
Fairtield pike, causing it to break to the right and cutting it in two, bre;iking 
to tJie left and into a large yard enclosed on three sides with a high fence, out 
of which they found no escape, and were easily captured. Here were literally 
corraled 250, many of whom were commissioned officers. The prisoners, 
numbering in all 599, with three pieces of artillery, were sent to the rear in 
charge of the 4th Michigan. 

The Union force engaged in this battle consisted of the 1st cavalry brigade 
(Minty's), 1,500 strong, without artillery, while the enemy had over 4,000 
under Generals Wheeler aud Martin, with three pieces of artillery. The regi- 
ment on being relieved from duty with the prisoners, at 3 A. M. on the ;ii&th, 
joined the brigade at Shelby ville. 

The casualties of the regiment in this engagemeut were Lieutenant Chas. T. 
Hudson, acting adjutant, and 6 men wounded and 9 taken prisoners. The 
regiment also lost 5 horses killed and 6 wounded. 

Minty says in his report: 

" At Shelbyville I found myself with a foroe of 1,500 men in front of formidable 
breastworks, with au abatis of over oue-fourtli of a mile iu width iu front of tlicm, belaud 
which Generals Wheeler and Martin had an opposing force of 4,000 men, and three pi(>ces 
of artiUery. I detached the 4th Miehiaran, in command of Major Mix, well to the ri*!:ht, 
with orders to force their way through the abatis and assault the works, and if successful 
to turn to the right aud sweep up the iutreuchmeuts, promising that so soon as I iieard 
their rifles speaking 1 would make the direct assault on the Murfreesboro aud Shelby\'ille 
pike. They did tiieir work so well that as I entered the works on the main road they 
joined me from the right, having carried the works and tjiken prisoners from six dif- 
ferent regiments. The fruits of that day's work weie the whole of the enemy's artillery 
and 59'J prisoners, while over 200 dead bodies were afterwards taken out of Duck Creek, 
into which I had driven Wheeler and his entire command" 

Minty further says in a communication to the commanding general under 

date of the 29th July: ^ 

"Eef erring to my report of 8th July I hand you the following list of officers and men 
deserving of Bpecial mention for gallant conduct at Shelbyville on the 27th of June last. " 

" Captain Burns, 4th Michigan cavalry, A. A. A. G., who is always at his post of duty, 
had his horse shot under him while amongst the foremost in the charge on the battery. " 

" Fu'st Lieutenant Hudson, acting adjutant 4th Michigan cavalry, acted witli great gal- 
lantry throughout the entire action. He was severely wounded by a musket ball through 
the shoulder. " 

" Regimental commanders make honorable mention of the following: 
"Fourth Michigan cavalry, — Captains Pritchard, Hathaway, Robbins, and Grant, Cor- 
poral Hoffmaster, L company (most gallant conduct), and privates Mason and Brown, I 
company. " 

it DC >ti ■ ^ * » « sic * If * * 

" All the regimental commanders are deserving of special mention." 
******* ***** 

"Major Mix, 4th Michigan cavalry, for his promptness and the manner in which he 
handled his command. " 

The following from the reports of the regiment: 

"On the 30th June the regiment was favored witli a visit from His Excellency, the 
Governor and Brigadier Geueiai Robertson, Adjutant General Michigan. Governor Blair 
addressed the officers and men in a stir'-ing and most eloquent speech, melting them to 
new deeds of valor and patriotism " 

While llosecrans was advancing on Tullahoma and Chattanooga, Governor 
Blair aud some of his staff, with several invited (guests) citizens of Michigaa 



MICHIGAN IK THE WAE. 663 

were making a tour of visitation to the regiments serving with him, and were 
following up the advancing anny through mud and rain on broken-down bor- 
rowed horses from the band of the 4th Michigan Cavah-y, and clothed in a 
most unmilitary style, particularly ill adapted for campaigning on horseback, 
most of Lhem being topped oS with plug luits and wearing white linen dusters, 
and of course were taken at once by the bjys for ''Sanitary Commission.^* 
Overtaking Eosecrans in his camp near Manchester, on June 30th, 18G3, just 
as he was about starting for the front, after introductions all round, ho invited 
the Governor and pany to accompany hitn. The invitation was accepted. 
Immediately the General's trumpeter sounJed the advance; all mounted; the 
General, with a splendidly mounted stall, was off like a whirlwind ; tiie Gov- 
ernor and daff, and such a staff, comparatively, put spurs to their worn-out 
horses, and fur a few minutes made a splutter to keep up, the plug hats flying 
in the wind, and the white dusters looking like so many flags of truce tied to 
the shoulders of the party; but the general was out of siglit, and the Governor 
and party left looking and feeling what might be called cussedly mean — so 
mean one dare not look another in the face, and no further effort was made 
to proceed; so the party sat down among the bushes and partook of hard-tack 
and , and , Avell, no matter what — perhaps comtnissary. 

The 4th was not engaged in any action worthy of note m July, but was in 
skirmishes at Hickory creek on the 4th, and on the 5th at Tullahoma. It 
was most of the month employed in scouting the country from Fairfield to 
Esielle Springs, thence to i)echerd Station, Tullahoma, Salenrand Triune. 
From this pomt a large cavalry force, under General Stanley, proceeded to 
New Market and iluuisville, pressing mules, horses, and contrabands, thence 
back to Salem, when Minty's brigade moved to Manchester, and thence to 
McMinnville, the 4th Michigan having marched 2lU miles during the month. 

Minty's brigade being in camp at McMinnville on August 4tli, at 4 P. M., 
moved for the purpose of surprising the camp of Colonel Debrel's regiment at 
Clark's Mill, northwest from Spurta. The rebel pickets were known to be 
posted at Kock Island Ferry and at the ford, at the mouth of Collins river. 
Scouts reported that there were no pickets at Dillon's ford. The command 
proceeded in the direction of Mud creek, three miles from the lower ferry, 
reaching there at 9 P. M., and from thence a battalion of the 3d Iowa was 
detached, with orders to cross at Dillon's creek, move up to a cross roads, and 
from there take the pickets at Rock Island and tlie lower ferry in the rear. 
On reaching the ford the rebel pickets rapidly retired without making any 
resistance, when the battalion crossed, taking 14 prisoners, the rest liaving 
scattered through the country. The design of surprising Debrel's camp being 
thus frustrated, tiie command, returned to camp. 

Information having been received on the 8th that Debrel, with between 800 
and 9UU men, was encamped two miles south of Sp.irta, tlie regiment, in com- 
mand of Major Gray, moved at 2 P. M., as a part of Minty's brigade, which 
had been ordered on a scout to surprise and capture him. Proceeding by a 
circuitous route on what was known as the Mountain road, and after halting 
for an hour on the summit of the Cumberland, moved at 1 A. M. On the 9th, 
encountering the enemy's pickets at daybreak within Ave miles of Sparta, the 
4th Michigan being in the advance, charged at a full gallop nine miles, engag- 
ing his main force four miles beyond Sparta, strongly posted above the road, 
which had its course alotiij the base of a small mountain. The enemy here 
contested the passage over a small and narrow bridge. Ueavy skirmishing 



654 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

continued for an hour, when, being dislodged from his position, he hurriedly 
retreated. The command, returning, arrived on the 10th at McMinnville. 

The casualties in this affair were entirely from the 4th Michigan, being 5 
wounded, 3 mortally. Captain Grant slightly; 9 horses were killed and 5 
wounded, including tliat of Major Gray. 

The regiment again broke camp, and at 2 A. M. on the 17th, under com- 
mand of Major Gray, moved with the brigade, under orders of General Rose- 
crans, towards the Sequatchie Valley. One battalion detached as train guard 
proceeded on a direct road, the main force taking a circuitous route to the 
right. When about two miles beyond Sparta, at 8 P. M., the 7th Pennsyl- 
vania ran into the enemy's pickets. Major Gray was directed to support the 
7th, Captain Grant, with the 1st Battalion dismounted, was ordered to the left. 
Major Gray with the 2d Battalion moved on toward a bridge, where the regi- 
ment was almost instantly repulsed the week previous. Uere again the enemy, 
having secured a fine pusition, puured a volley into the advancing column. 
The whole brigade was soon more or less engaged, and constant tightiug was 
kept up on both sides until dark, when the enemy retired and the brigade biv- 
ouacked for the night. 

The casualties were 4 wounded, 2 severely and 1 dangerously. Three horses 
were wounded. Colonel Minty's being wounded at three different times. 

From the 18th to 21st the brigade was moving over the Bledcoe mountains 
and Waldren's ridge, the ascent being extremely steep and difficult, arriving at 
Smith's cro^s-roads, in the Tennessee valley, at noon on the 21st. Here 
found a picket force at the foot of the mountain, who soon put spurs to their 
horses and disappeared. During the balance of the month the brigade was on 
scouting and picket duty, from Smith's cross-roads, guarding the fords on the 
Tennessee from Washington to within twenty miles of Chattanooga, and had 
marched 380 miles in the month. 

The following incidents are taken from an official report: 

"At Smith's cross-roads a great many Union people greeted us from every side, 
thronging around us from the mountain and valley, much overjoyed at seeing a ' Yankee,' 
something new to many of them. Some of these people had suffered terribly, lying away 
from their homes in the caverns of the mountains. No wonder they were overjoyed at 
the sight of friends with strong arms to protect them in their manifestations of loyalty." 

"On the 27th the stars and stripes were hoisted in front of Colonel Minty's quarters. 
Enthusiastic and patriotic speeches were made to a large gathering by Captain Vale, 7th 
Pennsylvania Cavalry, and Captain Eobbius and Lieutenant Griifin, 4th Michigan. The 
flag thus given to tlie breeze had been 'preserved around and next to the body of Mrs. 
Morgan, a woman strong and unflinching in the Union faith. Colonel Minty, in answer to 
the calls of the great multitude, spoke to them a few words of comfort." 

" On the 3d of September following, the regimental band of the 4th Michigan went from 
Smith's cross-roads to Bly's Ferry, on the Tennessee river, for the purpose of serenading 
the rebels posted on the opposite side. A first lieutenant and four men of the enemy 
came over in a small canoe, solicited ' Dixie ' and ' Yankee Doodle,' and after an exchange 
of greetings the parties returned to their respective camps. " 

The brigade on the 11th of September marched from its camp towards Chat- 
tanooga, tlie 4th Michigan crossing the Tennessee by ferry on the night of the 
12th, the balance of the command at a ford below. Moving out from Chatta- 
nooga, the brigade scouted the country in the vicinity of Lee and Gordon's 
Mills and Ciawlish springs, and on the loth moved down by a road leading by 
Peeler's Mills and over Alexander's bridge to within four miles of Kiuggold, to 
watch the movement of the enemy. 

The important part taken by the 4th Cavalry in the great battle of Chicka- 
mauga, while in command of Major Mix, warrants it in being placed among 
he many engagements in which that regiment distinguished itself. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 656 

In Colonel Minty's report of the part taken by his brigade from the 13th to 
the 24th of September, 1863, including that battle, he eays: 

•• September 13th. With the 4th U. S. Cavahy, 4th Michipran Cavalry, 7th Pennsyl- 
vania Cavalry, and one section of the Chicago Board of Trade Battery, I marched from 
Chattanooga, and reported to Major General Crittenden, commanding' 21st army corps, 
at Gordon's Mill. 

" September 14th. Under orders from >Iajor General Crittenden, I croFsed Missionary 
ridge into Lookout valiei'. 

" September 15th. Marched back to Gordon's Mill, whero General Crittenden ordered 
me to proceed to Pea Vine valley, and encamped near Lcet's Cross-roads. I crossed the 
Chickamauga at Reed's Bridge, and shortly before dark encamped on Pea Vine creek, 
near Peeler's Mill, and sent out scouts towards Grayville, Ringgold, Leet's and Bock 
Springs. Same night I reported to Mcijor General Crittenden the information brought 
by these parties, and in answer received a letter from Captain Oldershaw, A. A. G., 21st 
army corps, of which the following is an extract: ' The major general commanding directs 
me to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of this date, informing him that Forrest is 
at King-gold, Longstreet at Dalton, Pegram at Leet's, and Bucknev at Rock Springs; all 
this would indicate infantry, which the major general cannot believe.' 

" September IGth. Strong scouting parties advanced tcnvards me from Ringgold and 
Leet's; they were prorajitly met. driven, and followed. At the same time my pickets on 
the Lafayette and Harrison road, wliich lies between Pea Vino ridge and the Chicka- 
mauga, were attacked from towards Lafayette, thus threatening my communications via 
EeeU's Bridge. I immediately fell back to that road, thus securing the bridge, but at 
the tame time I kept possession of the roads in Pea Vine valley by picketing strongly. 
My scouts towards Leet's ran into the rebel infantry and lost one man shot through the 
head. This was promptly reported to Major General Crittenden, whose answer was the 
same as yesterday, viz: 'Nothing but dismounted cavalry.' 

"September 17th. Slight skirmishing between my scouts and those of the enemy. 
The scout from Grayville reported that General Steedman's brigade of the reserve ooips 
had passed through that place on a i-econnoissance towards Ringgold. On the return of 
my courier from Gordon's Mill, he reported Colonel Wilder's brigade of mounted infantry 
was encamped on the west side of the Chickamauga creek, at Alexander's Bridge, about 
two miles above me. 

•' September 18th. At 6 A. M. I sent 100 of the 4th U. S. Cavalry towards Leet's, and 
100 from the 4th Michigan and 7th Pennsylvania towards Ringgold. At about 7 A. M. 
couriers arrived from both scouts, with information that the enemy was atlvancing in 
force. I immediately strengthened my pickets on the Lafayette road, and moved for- 
ward with the 4th Michigan and one battalion of the 4th Regulars and the section of 
artillerj', and took up a position on the eastern slope of Pea Vuie ridge, and despatched 
couriers to Major General Granger at Rossville, Colonel Wilder at Alexander's Bridge, 
General Wood at Gordon's Mill, and General Crittenden at Crawfish Springs. On this 
day the 4th Michigan lost 11 in killed and wounded and 3 as pii-nners. The enemy's 
infantry in force, with about 200 cavalry, advanced steadily, driving my skirmish lino 
back to my position on the side of the ridge. The head of a column getting in lu good 
range I opened on them with the artilleiy, when they immediately deployed and advanced 
a strong skirmish line. At this moment I observed a heavy colunm of dust moving fiom 
the direction of Graysville towards Dyer's Ford; I sent a courier to Colonel Wilder ask- 
ing him to send a force to hold the ford and cover my left, and sent my train across th" 
creek. As the force from Graysville advanced I fell back until I arrived on the ground I 
had occupied in the morning. Here Colonel Miller, with two regiments and two moun- 
tain howitzers, reported to me from Colonel Wilder's biigade. I directed Colonel Miller 
to take possession of the ford, and again advanced and drove the rebel skirmish line over 
the ridge and back on their line of battle in the valley, where a force was in position, 
which I estimated at 7,000 men. Thirteen sets of regimental colors were visible. 

" The rebel lino advanced, and I was steadily driven back across the ridge. My only 
means of crossing the creek was Reed's bridge, a narrow, frail structure, wiiiih was 
covered with loose boards and fence rails, and a bad foid about 300 yards higher up. I 
ma.sked my artillery behind some shrubs near the furd, leaving one battalion of the 4th 
regulars to support it, and ordeied the remainder of that regiment to cross the bridge, 
leaving the 4th Michigan and 7th Pennsylvania in line to cover the movoax'nt. Bffiire 
the first squadron had time to cross, the head of a rebel column carrying their arms at 
' right shoulder shift,' and moving at the double quiek, as steadily as if at drill, (.-anie 
through the gap not 500 yaids from the biidge. The artillery opening on them from an 
unexpected quarter evidently took tliem by sui prise, and immediately cheeked their 
advance, again causing them to deploy. The 4th Michigan followed the 4th Regulars, 



G5G MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

and the 7th Pennsylvania the 4th Michigan; one squadron of the 4th Regulars, under 
Lieutenant Davis, most gallantly covering the crossing of the 7th Pennsylvania. One- 
squadron of the 4th Michigan, under Lieutenant Simpson, on picliet on the Harrison road, 
was cut off by the rapid advance of the enemy; they made a gallant resistence, and eventu- 
ally swam the creek without the loss of a man. The artillery crossed the ford in safely, 
and I placed it In position to dispute the crossing of the bridge, from which Lieutenant 
Davis's men had thrown most of the loose planking. Here I was soon hotly engaged, 
and was holding the rebels in check, when I received a note from the officer in charge of 
my wagon train (which I had sent back to Goixlou's iiill) stating: 'Colonel Wilder has 
fallen back from Alexander's bridge; he is retreating towards Gordon's Mills, and the 
enemy is crossing the river in force at all points.' I sent an order to Colonel Miller to 
join me without delay; and on his arrival I fell back to Gordon's Mill, skirmishing with 
the enemy, who followed me closely. With less than 1,000 men, the old '1st brigade' 
had disputed the advance of 7,000 from 7 o'clock in the morning until 5 o'clock in the 
evening, and during that time fell back only five miles. On arriving at Gordon's Mill my 
men were dismourited, and, with Colonel Wilder's brigade and a brigade from General 
Van Cleve's division, repulsed a heavy attack about 8 o'clock P. M. We lay in position 
all night within hearing of the enemy, and were without fires, although the night wa& 
bitterly cold. At break of day General Palmer's division relieved us. I then moved to 
the rear and procured forage i'or our our horses and rations for the men, who had been 
entirely without since the previous morning. 

"The casualties on this date in the 4th Michigan were 1 killed, 10 wounded and 3 pris- 
oners. Among the wounded was Captain Pritchard and Captain Abeel — Pritchard in the 
left arm by a shell. The loss in horses were 9 killed, 3 captured and 5 wounded, one of 
which being Colonel Minty's. 

" September 19th. Moved along the rear to the left to protect the trains moving into 
Chattanooga. Camped near Eossville. 

" September 20th. Under orders from Major General Granger, I marched to the ford at 
Missionary Mills, and sent strong patrols to Chickamauga Station and Giaysville without 
meeting the enemy. Towards the afternoon I received orders from General Granger to- 
take possession of the position then occupied by him on the Einggold and Eossville road. 
On arriving on the ground I found that General Granger had already marched to the 
assistance of General Thomas. Being anxious to know what was in front of me, I 
pushed forward towards Eed House Bridge, and found Scott's brigade of cavalry and 
mounted infantry, about 1,500 strong, moving into position on our bide of the creek. I 
immediately attacked them, and after a spirited skirmish of about an hour's duration drove 
them across the creek with considerable loss. 

" In this day's fighting the 4th Michigan lost two men and two horses wounded. 

" September 21st. During the night General Thomas fell back to the heights of Mission- 
ar>' Eidge at EossviUe, and this morning I found myself about two miles directly in front 
of his line of battle. The rebels advanced in three columns from the direction of Mission- 
ary Mills, Eed House Bridge and Dyer's Ford. I skirmished with their advance for a 
couple of hours and then fell back to EossviUe, with a loss of 1 officer and 7 men khled, 
and 1 officer and 13 men wounded. I was then ordered to the left to watch the move- 
ments of the enemy. 

" September 22. Under orders from Major General Thomas, the 4th Eegulars moved 
during the night to Eossville and took possession of the gap vacated by our retiring 
infantry. At 6 A. M. I heard firing in the direction of Eossville; leaving strong pickets in 
the passes over the ridge, I moved forward with the 7th Pennsylvania and 4th Michigan 
to support the 4th Eegulars, but fonnd that Captain Mclntire had judiciously fallen back, 
the enemy having turned his flank by advancing on the road from Gordon's Mills. I 
retired to Chattanooga, skirmishing sharply. 

" September 23d. With the 3d Pennsylvania and 4th Michigan I worked in the trenches 
aU night, and at 4 A. M. crossed the Tennessee river and encamped at Opossum creek, 
from whence I picketed the river from Washington to Sandy Shoals. 

' ' The loss in my brigade from the day I was detached from the division until I ci'ossed 
the Tennessee river on the 24th was under 100 men, of whom only 15 were missing, and 
of those 15, 9 are known to be either killed or wounded; while during that time, in pris- 
oners alone, I took from the enemy 439 men." 

Colonel Minty, iu calling the attention of the commanding general to the 
gallant conduct in the battle of Chickamauga of certain officers of his brigade 
whom he coutsidered entitled to special mention, says of Lieutenant Simpson, 
4th Michigan Cavalry: 

•* Lieutenant J. H. Simpson, 4th Michigan Cavaliy, commanded the squadron of hia 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 657 

regiment on picket on the Harrison road, on the 18th, which was cut off by the rapid 
advance of the enemy. After fighting as long as he possibly could, he swam the Chicka- 
mauga and brought in his squadron, with no casualties but 1 man and 1 horse slightly 
wounded. " 

On the 30th of September the regiment, in command of Mayn Tlortice Gray, 
luiviiig been ordered to Cotton's Ferry, on the Tenncssoe river, to support a 
biitlaliun of U. S. civalrv. it was attackod and driven back by a larji^e body of 
Wheeler's rebel cavalry, who had crossed the river. Here Lieutenant Edward 
Tucker was mortally wounded, and died at Chattanooga on the ?th of October 
following. In addition the regiment lost 2 wounded and 1 missing, together 
with 1 horse wounded. In the month it had marched 224 miles. 

Following is Bragg's Circular to his army directing tlie movements of the 
18th, which indicates the important position held by the 4th Michigan Cavalry: 

Headqcakteus Aemt or Tennessee, ) 
(Circular.) In the Field, Leet's Tanyard, Sept. ISth, J665. i 

I. Johnson's column (Hood's), on crossing at or near Keed's bridge, will turn to the left 
bv the most practicable route, and sweep up the Chickamauga toward Leo and Gordon's 
Mills. 

II. Walker, on cross-ing at Alexander's bridge, will unite in this move and push vigor- 
ously on the enemy's flank and rear in the same direction. 

III. Euckiier, crossing at Telford's ford, will join in the movement to the left and press 
tho enemy \ip the sU-enra from Polk's front at liCe and Gordon's Mills. 

IV. Polk will press his forces to the front of Lee and Gordon's Mills. * • • 
By command of General Bragg. 

G. W. BRENT, A. A. G. 

Says an officer writing to Colonel Minty, after the war ended, and who had 
opportunity of knowing: 

" It will, I think, be seen that you held on that day (Sept. 18th), the key of the position 
(the left of the army), and so successfully that the rebel plan was frustrated. It cost 
General Thomas thousands of men to maintain it, persistently fought for on the two sub- 
sequent days. Had the rebels succeeded early in the morning of the first day of the bat- 
tle in t;iking Eocd's bridge, not only Colonel Wilder but the whole army would have been 
seriously compromised. I am sure, had General Kosccrans known all the facts, he would 
have added the ISth to the number of days ' the army could not have dispensed' with the 
services of the cavalry. 

" The more I consider the facts concerning the situation of the army, and learn of the 
rebels, the prouder I become of our little brigade. ' Preston's division effected an unob- 
structed passage at Huntsville' (says Ord, the correspondent of tho Mobile Tribune, 
lebel). Not so with Johnson and Walker at Reed's and Alexander's bridges. Without 
them there was no ' sweeping up the Chickamauga, and vigorously pressing tho enemy's 
llank and rear;' and when the passage was effected, your persistent presence and line of 
retreat made the rebels fear to 'turn to the left' and expose you to their llank and rear. 
It was not cavalry you were fighting, as Bragg's order proves. Forrest was on tho rebel 
right, but the bulk of the rebel cavalry was watching at Catlett's Gap. On tho whole. 
Colonel, while you have earned many laurels, at no time can I find you doing such valu- 
able service to the Army of the Cumberland as on the Ibth of September, 18G3." 

The regiment, in command of Major Gray, on. October Ist, 1863, made a 
reconnoissance to Smith's cross-roads, and had a slight skirmish with the rear 
guard of tbe rebel cavalry under Wiieeler, who was ascending the mountain 
on a raid through Middle Tennessee. On the 2d tho main body of the cavalry 
force of the department in pursuit of the rebels, Minty's brigade, with the 
balance of the 2d division, moved out at 3 A. M., ami crossing over Waldren's 
liidge ascended to the summit of tiie Cumljerland and bivouacked. On the 3d 
the regiment in advance engaged the enemy on the western slope of tlie moun- 
tain in the descent. A sharp figlit ensued, in wiiicli the brigade afterwards 
83 



658 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

took part, when the enemy withdrew with a loss of several killed and wounded. 
Night coming on, the command bivouacked. 

The casualties in this affair were three wounded — two severely. 

The command passing through McMinnville and Murfreesboro/ reached 
within six miles of Shelbyville on the 6th. 

On the 7th General Orook had a sharp engagement with the enemy, captur- 
ing three pieces of artillery and 150 prisoners. Minty's brigade not being 
ordered up in time did not arrive until after the battle. 

From the 7th to the 17th the command continued daily on the march in 
pursuit of the retreating column of the enemy, passing through Pulaski, Tenn., 
and Rogersville, Ala., to Muscle Shoals, on the river; thence through Athens, 
Huntsville, and New Market, Ala., to Salem, Tenn. ; thence back to Mays- 
ville, Ala., arriving at this point where the regiment went into camp, and dur- 
ing the balance of the month was engaged in forage, picket, and scouting duty, 
having marched 395 miles in the month, and in the year over 3,000 miles. 

The 4th remained in camp at Maysville on scouting and picket duty until 
the 17th November, 1863, when all the mounted force of the regiment (300) 
in command of Major Gray, moved to join the 2d brigade under Colonel Long, 
at Paint Rock, Ala., and subsequently marching with it through Stevenson 
and Bridgeport, crossed the Tennessee river, then through Shell Mound to 
Kelly's Ford, and recrossing the river marched to Chattanooga, arriving there 
on the 21st, in the evening. 

On the 24th moved upon the bank of the river three miles and crossed with 
General Sherman's command, they moving on the enemy's position at Mission 
Ridge, while Colonel Long's brigade proceeded in the direction of Etowah. 
While on the march, the 4th Michigan being in the advance, Captain Grant 
with the 1st battalion captured a forage tram of ten wagons, eighty mules, 
and eighteen prisoners. 

On the 25th the regiment detached, burned a railroad bridge at Etowah, 
destroying a large quantity of meal, and captured a lieutenant colonel. 
Rejoining the brigade the regiment marched to Cleveland, and on the 26th, 
with detachments from different regiments on scouting duty, captured 250 
prisoners, 80 wagons, 400 mules, 275 hogs, and tore up considerable railroad 
track. 

On the night of the 27th the pickets were attacked but held their position 
until daylight, when the enemy advanced with a heavy force of infantry and 
artillery, recapturing most of the mules and hogs. During the advance of 
the enemy Colonel Long burned the railroad depot, the iron works, and copper 
lolling mill at Cleveland, in which the enemy had a large amount of shell. 
Most of the shell had been transferred to tlie depot during the night, and on 
the approach of the enemy the ex[)losion of the shell in such huge quantity 
led the rebels to suppose it was the fire of a large artillery force, and they 
retired in the utmost confusion, giving the 4th Michigan an opportunity to fall 
back with all the prisoners in charge well secured, and before the enemy 
lecovered and had time to renew the attack and })ursuit, the c<mimand 
retired in good order, proceeding via Harrison's Ferry to Chattanooga. 

In the meantime the enemy had fallen back from his position before Chatta- 
nooga, and General Sherman's command beirig detached to rcenforce the army 
of General Burnside at Knoxville. On the 2i)th November the mounted 
detachment of the 4th Michigan, under command of Major Robbins as a parC 
of Colonel Long's brigade, joined it, moved through Harrison, scouring the 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. OS* 

country to Cleveland, thence to Benton, capunin;^ a large amount of rebel 
stock and thirty pripouers. Here the detnchrueiit, with the 4th Ohio cavalry, 
was sent to guard the stock and prisoners back to (Jievehiiid, where Major Rob- 
bins received orders from Colonel Long to join the '-id brigade without delay, 
and in jmisuunce thereof moved to Charleston, thence to Athens, hut iioarino- 
no tidings from the brigade reported to General Slierman at Moi^anstown. 
After reporting to General Sherman Major Rubbins witli his detachment 
marched to Motley's Ford, thence to Loudon, Teun., crossing the river at 
that point proceeded to Maysville, Ala. 

Li the meantime the regiment in command of Major Gray, which had been 
increased in strength by a remounted detaduneut from Nashville, moved on 
the 24th Decern l)er, 18(i3, from Huntsville, Ala., as a part of the l^^t brigade, 
""Zd cavalry division, and marched to Athens, thence througti Elkton to 
Pulaski, Tenn. 

Major Robbins with his command having again joined the 2d brigade at 
Maysville, moved with it to Tellico Plains on December 8th, thence ascending 
the Tellico mountains, marched to Murphy on the 9th. At this point tiie 
■detachment, with the 4th Ohio cavalry, made a scout into Georgia, and on its 
return rejoined the brigade and moved back to Tellico Plains, then to Charles- 
ton. 

On the 16th the battalion was again detached from the brigade and placed on 
courier duty at intervals of eight miles, between Chattanooga and Charleston, 
and subsequently between Harrison and Charleston, the enemy making several 
■efforts to break up the line, but their attacks on the posts were successfully 
repulsed. This duty was continued until January 4th, 1SG4, when the bat- 
talion was relieved and joined the brigade at Calhoun. 

From January 1st to 9th, 1864, the regiment was in camp at Pulaski; on 
that day it moved in command of Major Gray, who reported to Colonel Boone, 
28th Kentucky mounted infantry, und with that regiment proceeded in the 
direction of Huntsville, Ala., and passed through Larkinsville and Stevenson 
to Chattanooga, thence to Rossville, and on the 19th encamped at that point. 

On the 21st the regiment in command of Captain Abeel, with the 28th Ken- 
tucky, Colonel Boone commanding brigade, moved out on a scout, crossing 
Pigeon mountain at its intersection with Lookout, thence down the mountain 
into BrowMstown valley to Summersville. The advance of the 4th Mfchigan 
captured several horses and mules, a government wagon, and fifteen prison- 
ers, including one captain, then marched across Taylor's Ridge in the ilirec- 
tion of Dalton, Ga., where the camp of some " Home Guards" in command 
of Colonel Culbertson was destroyed, containing considerable arms and other 
projjerty; the command then moved back to Rossville. On the 28th, the 
regiment, with the 28th Kentucky, Colonel Boon commanding, marched in 
the direction of Ringgold, as an advance for Major General Palmer, accom- 
panied by Brigadier General Davis and a division of infantry; after reaching 
Ringgold the mounted force was ordered to reconnoiter the road toward Tun- 
nel Hill, and while doing so engaged the enemy in a heavy skirmish, driving 
him back near Tunnel Hill, and on ascertaining that tlie enemy was there in 
force, withdrew while the rear guard was vigorously attacked; yet reached 
Ringgold without casualties, and next day fell back to Rossville. 

The regiment was in camp at Rossville, Tenn., from 1st to 13th February, 
when it moved in command of Captain Van Antwerp to Etowah, where 
it was engaged on scouting and picket duty. 



660 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

Van Antwerp and Lieutenant Hudson, with a detachment of the regiment, 
joined the 38th Illinois Infantry on a reconnoissance in the direction of 
Burk's Mills, arriving about daylight in advance of the infantry, and when 
within about two hundred yards of the mill discovered the rebel pickets, and 
advancing on them at a gallop drove them through a gap, capturing three. 
From this point Captain Van Antwerp sent Lieutenant Hudson with a detach- 
ment of thirty men towards Eliegis's MiJl, and a aon-commissioned oflicer with 
fifteen men to Cherry's Mill. Lieutenant Hudson charged on a picket of 
about thirty, capturing six. The other detachment returned without meeting 
the enemy. The infantry having come up, the command started back for 
camp. 

On the 22d, Captain Van Antwerp, with a detachment of the regiment com- 
posed of Lieutenant Hudson and 100 men, had been sent out to reconnoiter ou 
the Dalton road near Big Springs, and ou repuiiiug to Colonel Long, com- 
manding cavalry brigade, then moving on the enemy in line of battle, was 
ordered to form on his left, covering the road, after marching about a mile in 
the advance, driving the enemy and losing four men wounded, four horses 
killed with several wounded. Next morning the dctnchnient was again 
ordered on a rcconnoissance on the Dalton road, and when five miles out 
encountered the enemy's pickets, driving them for some distance, but hearing 
tiring in the rear fell back, and in doing so met the fire of the enemy. 
Learning that he was in considerable force, and fearing being cut olf, took a 
circuitous route, evading the enemy, and reached Stone Church at sundown. 

On the 27th the same detachment was ordered out on the Tunnel Hill road 
to picket that road until the division passed, and when about half a n^ile out 
was attacked by the cavalry skirmishers of the enemy but they were checked 
in their advance. In this skirmish Lieutenant Hudson's horse was sliotun ler 
him, and at times the fire of the enemy was heavy and rapid, yet the picket 
was maintained until the main force passed, when the detachment fell back 
and acted as rear guard to the division, and on the morning of the 28th went 
iuto camp at Etowah, having three men wounded in the affair. 

Captain Van Antwerp says in his report: "I cannot speak in too high terms 
of Lieutenant Hudson ; his coolness, daring, and bravery are unsurpassed, and 
on ilie several occasions refened to these soldierly qualities were all advan- 
tageously brought into requisition." 

On March 1st, 1864, the detachment, in command of Major llobbins, moved 
from camp at Callioun, marched tu Cleveland, and on the 2d to Etowah, and 
joined the regiment. 

From March bd to 29th the regiment was in camp at ELowah, and doing 
scout and picket duty. On the 29l1i, in obedience to orders, it left camp and 
moved to Chattanooga by lail, thence on tlie oUth to Stevenson, Ala., and ou 
the 31st to Nashville, where it went into camp, and was remounted and 
equijiped with the Spencer breech-loadi ug carbine. 

Tlie -tth, now about 800 strong, well-equipped and armed, left Nashville ou 
the 14th of A})ril, 18(34, in command of Colonel Park, innrching to Columbia, 
where it joined the 2d cavalry division and encamped. On the 30Lh the regi- 
ment moved Irum ihut point, maiching through Shelbyville, Tullahunia, and 
Uecherd, over the Cumberland mountains to Stevenson and Bridgeport, 
crossed the Tennessee river, marched to Shell Mound, then crossed liaccoon 
Kidge, Lookout Valley, Lookout mountain. Pigeon mountain, to Lafayette, 
aud then crossiug Tuyloi'i Uidy;e to Vilauon, Ua., airived there ou the iOth 



MICHIGAN IX THE WAR. 661 

May. On the 15th marched towards Rome and attacked a rebel brigade of 
cavalry, strongly posted at Tanner's Bridge over Aimuclice Creek, about nine 
miles from Rome, killing one captain and nine men, and capturing thirteen 
and losing six men wounded with four missing. Following the retreating 
enemy up to within a short distance of Rome, where meeting a superior force 
with artillery, it fell back across the creek. Then crossed the Oostenaula 
river and covered the right flank of General McPherson's army. 

Colonel Minty in a report to the divison commander, dated John's Creek, 
Ga., May IGth, ISG-i, says: 

"At 5 A. M. yesterday, May loth, I marched from Camp on Dry crook. At about 8 
A. M. my advance struck the enemy's pickets near Farmer's Bridge, or Avmucheo creek, 
and drove in the advance videttes, and a few of my scouts charged over the bridge, bat 
the advance guard halted to allow the column to close up. Tliey were not supported, 
and consequently were driven back with one man and lour horses wounded. On my 
arrival at the biidge, I sent scouts to examine the creek to the rijrht ard loft. Bad funis 
were reported both above and below the bridge. I crossed two companios of the 4th 
Michigan below and six companies of that regiment above, together with the -Ith U. S. 
Cavalry. I then crossed the bridge with one baltahon 4th Michigan Cavalry, lolluwed by 
the 7th Pennsylvania Cavalry and the one gun of the Chicago Board of "Trade Battery. 
Captain Lockoy, 12th Alabama Cavalry, was mortally wounded, and nine men killed. We 
took six prisoners. 

"I pushed forward rapidly to within three miles of Eome, where the enemy in consider- 
able force, and holding a strong position, made a stand, showing four piece's of artillery. 
They at the same time moved strong columns on bt)th my flanks. Imiiiodiatoly in my 
rear the Dallas road came in on the road on which I advanced. I therefore fell back to a 
position north of the junction of the road. Here Lieutenant Colonel Park, commanding 
the 4th Micliigan Cavalry, repoited that a column of infantry was moving around my lelt, 
and at the same time Smith's brigade of cavalry was discovered on my right. I fell back 
to Farmer's Bridge, where I reported to General Garrard. The rebels foUowod me up 
closely. Four times they charged the battalion of the 4th Michigan, whicli formed the 
rear guard. They were received dismounted and handsomely repulsed. During the 
entire day's skirmish the 4th Michigan was the only regiment engaged. " 

On the 17th of May the regiment marched in the direction of Kingston, and 
early next morning moved out in the advance of the division towards Wood- 
land, whence it was sent on a reconnoissance. Meeting Ferguson's brigade of 
rebel cavalry about a mile out, drove him five mile^?, and to within lialf a mile 
of Kingston. Coming suddenly on a heavy force of infantry, while the 
enemy's cavalry attacked in rear and on both flanks, being entirely surrounded, 
the regiment cut its way out, fighting desperately, and with a loss of 3 men 
killed, 3 officers and 16 men wounded, and 10 missing. Captain Grant, hav- 
ing been cutoff from his command, was taken prisoner. Among the wounded 
were Major Robbins and Lieutenants Carter and lvandoli)li — tiie latter mortally, 
and on the 3Utli he died of his wounds. The regiment bivouacked at Wood- 
land the night of the 18th, and on the next day moved tlirongh Kingston to 
Spring Bank, where it dismounted and remained some time in line of battle. 
From May 19th to 23d it was in camp at that point, when it moved with the 
division, crossed the Etowah river, passing through Van Wert in the direction 
of Dallas. On the 24th the regiment, being one day's march in advance 
of the aimy, encountered the enemy near that point in considerable force; 
heavy skirmisliing ensued and continued until dark ; then fell back and 
bivouacked, having captured 15 from the rebel mounted picket, k)sing 1 
killed and two wounded. Captain Lawton being among the wounded. On the 
25th, marched within three miles of Dallas. 

Colonel Minty says: " On the 23d of May, 18G4, during the Atlanta campaign, as we 
approached Dallas, Ga., the 4Lh Michigan had the advance. Captain G. W. Lawton of 
Company C commanding the advance guard. I was riding alongside of him whou fire 



662 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

was opened by the enemy, and he received a ball through the upper portion of the right 
lung. He at once turned to his men and gave the order, ' left front into line,' and got hi& 
company into position and out of the direct line of fire before I knew that he had been 
wounded. He was then so faint he had to be supported on his horse while being talien 
to the rear." 

Under date of near Etowah, Ga., June 5th, 1864, Minty says in a report to 
the commanding general of division : 

" On May 26th I was encamped about one mile east from Adair Court House, on the 
direct road to Powder Springs, my advance picket being about two miles and a half east 
of me on the road from Dallas to Villa Eica. About 1 o'clock P. M. my pickets were 
attacked and driven about one mile. At 3 P. M. about two regiments of rebel cavalry 
showed themselves, sharp skirmishing being kept up the entire afternoon. I took parts 
of the 4th Michigan and 7th Pennsylvania, the only regiments I had (the 4th Eegular& 
being on detached service with General McPherson), to the front. One battaUon, 7th 
Pennsylvania under Major Jennings, and one battalion, 4Lh Michigan, under Captain 
Pritchard, charged and drove the rebels from a good position near an old gin house 
on the Dallas road, and followed them at the gallop for between two and three miles. 

"On the following morning, 27th, Colonel Miller with his regiment, 72d Indiana, reported 
to me, and I received orders from General McPherson, through the general commanding 
the division, to gain possession of the Dallas and Villa Eica road and attack the enemy 
vigorously in the flank or rear. Shortly prior to this my pickets had been again attacked. 
Colonel Sipes with a portion of his regiment had gone to the support of them. I moved 
to the front with the remainder of the 7th Pennsylvania, the 4th Michigan, and 72d Indi- 
ana, and found Colonel Sipes with his small force fighting the whole of Ferguson's brig- 
ade. I sent the remainder of his regiment to support him on the direct road. Lieutenant 
Colonel Park with the 4th Michigan moved across open ground to our left, and at the gal- 
lop drove them from their old position at the gin house. I dismounted the 72d Indiana, 
they followed the 4th Michigan beyond the gin house to the Dallas and Villa Eica road, 
where I had breastworks of rails, logs, etc., thrown up. Lieutenant Colonel Kitchell hav- 
ing reported to me with a portion of his regiment (98th Illinois), I ordered him to the 
support of Colonel Sipes, and as soon as I gained the Dallas and Villa Eica road I sent a 
squadron to the right to communicate with him, and directed Colonel Sipes to leave the 
98th to hold the Powder Springs road, and with his own regiment to drive the enemy and 
join me near the gin house. On the arrival of the 7th I placed them on the light of the 
72d (dismounted and behind breastworks), and with a portion of the 4th Michigan moved 
towards Dallas and found my pickets skirmishing with the enemy within three miles of 
that place. The woods here were very dense, and on the northeast side of the road, run- 
ning paiallel to it, is a range of hills which was occupied by the rebel cavaky in consider- 
able force. 

" At a little less than three miles from Dallas I had a good view of a line of breastworks 
facing west. I therefore ordered up Griffin's section of artillery with the 4th Michigan 
Cavalry to support it, and commenced shelling them. A heavy column of dust was mov- 
ing on the Marietta road, which I supposed to be about one mile distant from me. Otten 
shells were thrown in that direction, and also at several other points where there were 
indications of the enemy. I kept up the fire until the position occupied by the 7th Penn- 
sylvania and 72d Indiana was attacked and flanked. Fire opened on myself from the hill 
and woods on our right, when, not wishing to endanger the artillery too much, I rejoined 
the other regiments. Shortly after I did so the enemy's artillery opened on me from the 
hill, and the second shell thrown killed two of the artillery horses. I sent them back out 
of range and held the position with the dismounted men supported on the flank by cav- 
alry, until dark, when I established a strong picket fine and fell back to camp. 

"My loss was— 7th Pennsylvania, 3 killed and 11 wounded; 4th Michigan, 1 killed and 
1 wounded; 72d Indiana, 1 wounded; total, 4 killed and 13 wounded. 

" On May 27th, 1864, the rebel army was in position near Dallas, Ga. I got my brigade 
well in rear of their left and shelled their line for a couple of hours. Private Benona 
Birch, of Company I, was mortally wounded, livuig about half an hour after receiving liis 
wound. Just before he expired he called his comrade to him and said, ' Mort, I am going, 
but hurrah for the Old Flag.' " 

Headquabters First Brigade, Second Cav. Division, ) 

Department of the Cumberland, >■ 

Dallas, Oa., June J at., 1S64. ) 

Mt Dear GenebaIi, — I give you below an extract from a letter written by General 
McPherson to General Garrard, our division commander, which shows that the Old 1st 

Brigade is still doing service and gaiuhig laurels. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. GG3 

PitUa.'i, May 27lh, 7:30 P. M. 

Generaij.— Your letter enclosing report of Colonel ilinty, is received. 
His brigade has done good service to-day, and drew four regiments of rebel infantry 
from in front of our right off towards Villa Rica to light him. 

*♦**••♦•«••« 

JAS. B. Mcpherson, 

Major Gtneral Commanding. 

The four regiments referred to were brought up after we had beaten throe brigades of 
cavalry — Ferguson's, Ross', and Morgan's (John T's). 

The 4th Michigan has suffered heavily; four good oflu;ers are severely \^ounded— Major 
Robbins, Captaui Luwton, Lieuleuaiits Carter and Raii(lol|)h, and Major Grant have been 
taken prisoners. Our total killed, wounded, and missing numbers 3(j, but all are doing 
their duty well. 

I am sitting on the ground and using my knee as a table, so do not criticise too 
severely. 

We have had continuous fighting since the evacuation of Dalton; our killed and wounded 
will run well into the thousands. The rebels must vamoose to-day or to-morrow, or els<'! 
fight one of the battles of the war. We are now lying within half riUe range of each 
other. 

Yours tnily, 

Gen. Robertson, R. H. G. MINTY. 

Adjutant General, Mich. 

Generaii Order. 

Officers and Soldiers: Orders having been received annonncing our advance on the 
morrow, the lieutenant colonel commanding, with feelings of sincere gratitude, desires lo 
congratulate you on the soldierly deportment, the manly courage and unswerving fidelity 
to duty, which have characterized the conduct of each of you since the consummati(ni of 
the late active service in this campaign. Whether on the march or in hot conflict with the 
enemy, a marked determination to act as though the whole rcspuiibibiiay of success ur 
defeat rested upon his shoulders, has been manifest in each individual elTort. 

So long as life is spared him, he will not forget how officers and soldiers strained eveiy 
energy to resist the overwhelming force of the enemy iu the late and unfortunate affair 
near Kingston. 

The memories of the dead he will ever cherish, the interest and welfare of the living he 
will ever promote. 

Officers and soldiers, let the expectations which have been awakened by the remem- 
brances of the past few days be more than realized by the truthful recital of the deeds of 
your daily life in the future. Remember your friends in the beautiful Peninsular State are 
watching you anxiously and prayerfully. Your cause is right. Let your deeds be just, 
and on the scroll of Michigan's fame will the name of no regiment be written dearer to, 
her than that of vour own. 

J. B. PARK, 

Geo. R. Stone, Adjutant, Lieut. Col. Commanding 4th Mich. Cavalry. 

The regiment in command of Major Mix marched with the brigade, stilJ 
comiiiiinded by Colonel Minty, from their camp near Dalton on June 1st, 
proceeding to Alatoona Gap, and bivouacked on the Etowaii river until the 8il), 
wlien it marched through Ackwortii and encamped. On the 9th moveil 
toward Big biianty iu advance of the division, and cncountereil tlie enemy's 
pickets soon after pressing the Union infantry videtLcs. Advancing a sliurt 
distance found the enemy with Martin's divison of cavalry dismounted, 
strongly posted behind breastworks, supported by a brigade of infantry, but 
with tlie mounted infantry and cavalry operating ou their flanks lliey were 
soon driven from their line of intienchmunts to the base of the Kenesaw 
mountain, with heavy h/ts in killed, wi.undtd, and ))risiiners. 

Under date of near Marietta, Ga., June 12th, lbG-1, Colonel Minly reports 
to the general commaudnig division: 

" In obedience to orders from the general commanding the division, I marched from 
camp near Ackworth at G A. M. un the "Jtli inslunl, taking the direct rcuul to ilarlutta. At 
the graveyard on Rocky Hill, my advance, the 4th Michigan Cavalry, struck the rebel 



604 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

pickets, and found the road obstructed by rail barricades and felled trees. They were 
immediately driven to the opposite hill in front of Bi^ Shanty, where formidable breast- 
works of rails had been built. Here the enemy appeared in considerable force, having 
open fieldb in his front, and the flankers reported cavalry moving on both flanks. I sent 
the 4:th U. S. Cavalry to the left and a battalion of the 7th Pennsylvania to the right, and 
skirmishing commenced at once. 

" The general brought up the 3d brigade, when I moved the 4th Michigan to the left of 
the regulars, and sent the other two battalions of the 7th to the right, and ordered both 
flanks to push fonvard. This was done in good style (dismounted), especially on the 
right, whore the country Wiis sufficiently open to admit of regular formation being kept 
up. On the left the underbrush was so dense that the men had great difficulty in forcing 
their way through it and dislodging the enemy. 

" The entire Une advanced, charged gallantly across the open country, and carried the 
first line of breastworks, where we found telegraph wire stretched along the entire front 
about two feet from the ground. 

"The robels now took shelter behind the second line, which was on the hill south of 
the station. Across the open ground between the two lines the 3d brigade and 7th Penn- 
sylvania again charged and quickly di._.l()dged the enemy, who fell back to their third hne. 
The 7th Pennsylvania pushed forward through the woods on the right, and was imme- 
diately heavily engaged, but drove the rebels steadily. I directed the 4th Regulars to 
keep in line with and cover the flanks of the 3d brigade, which again advanced in magni- 
ficent style, charging over open ground and carrying the works at Bomer's house and the 
last line of breastworks at the edge of the woods beyond the house which defended the 
' Mississippi Tigers.' 

" The entire force having been ordered to return to camp, I sent one regiment to escort 
the ambulances with the killed and wounded, and with the other two brought up the rear. 
I arrived in camp about 8 P. M. Our total loss was 1 killed and 12 wounded. The rebels 
had 20 killed or mortally wounded, including one heutenant of the 'Tigers' — 29th Missis- 
sippi Infantry. Their slightly wounded were all taken from the field. " 

On the 12tli, the 7Lh Pennsylvania Cavah-y in the advance, Martin's division 
was again met at McAlIce's Cross-roads, where fighting commenced and con- 
tinued nutil dark witliout loss. Having carried his breastworks and driven 
him ubont five miles, fell back and encamped. On the loth, moved a few 
miles to the front, built a temporary stockade, skirmished with Wlieeler"s 
cavalry until the 19th, when the brigade again moved out, marching a short 
distance, engaged the enemy until dark, then fell back to the stockade. On 
the 20Lh agam was on the move, the 7th Pennsylvania in advance. Crossing 
Noonday creek, engaged the enemy in force at Lattimer's Mill. The 4tli 
Michigan deployed in line of battle on the right of a road, remaining there a 
short time. The 7th Pennsylvania having charged the enemy and finding 
him too strong, the 4th Michigan being ordered to support, the 1st and 3d 
battalions, in command of Captains Pritchard and Leach, respectively, crossed 
the Ijittle Noonday creek and charged the enemy, but did not succeed in 
driving him from his position, the rebel force being immensely superior as 
to numbers. The 3d battalion, in command of Major Mix, not having 
crossed the Little Noonday, was then thrown into line on the left of the road 
where the enemy was attacking in great force, but the combined Union force 
proved insufficient to even hold him in check, and he advanced in over- 
whelming numbers, compelling the brigade to fall slowly back in line, under 
orders. But on being reinforced by three regiments of the 8d brigade, just at 
dark, the enemy was repulsed with heavy loss. 

The 4th Michigan lo&t 11 killed, including Lieutenant Sutton, 23 wounded, 
and 6 missing. 

This, although not a Union success, was one of the most brilliant affairs 
in which the 4th Michigan was engaged, exhibiting a degree of gallant and 
stubborn fighting. 

Following is a letter of Colonel Minty dated on the day following the engage- 
ment with other notices and reports in relation to the affair: 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 665 

Headquarters 1st Brigade, 2d Cavalry Div., 
Department op the CuiinERLAND, 
Near Marietta, Georgia, 2 Jut June, 1SG4. 
Mx Dear General,— We had a very severe fight yesterday; the 4th Michigan and part 
of the 7th Pennsylvania cavalry, about a thousand men in all, were attacked by about six 
thousand rebel cavalry under our old Shelby ville friend, Wheeler. We fought them for 
•over two hours, falling back slowly before them, when three regiments of the 3d brigade 
reported to me, and just at dark I repulsed them with heavy loss. The 4th Miohigau 
received three charges from the 8th Confederate with sabres, supported by the 5th 
Georgia with pistols, and drove them back in confusion every time. My total loss was 
sixty-five in killed, wounded, and missing, of which the 4th has to bear forty, viz.: Lieu- 
tenant Sutton and ten men killed, twenty-three wounded and six missing. 

Yours very ti'uly, 

E. H. G. MINTY, 
Oen. Jno. Robertson, 

Adjutant General, Michigan. 

Extracts from a letter published at Atlanta, Ga., in the afternoon edition of 
the Memphis Appeal of the 25th June: 

" On the 20th instant two divisions — Kelly's and Martin's — and one brigade— William's 
— of our cavalry, went round to the left Hank and rear of Sherman's army, it was .'^aid, to 
capture a brigade of Yankee cavalry stationed at McAfee's. We succeeded in getting to 
the right place, where the enemy, Minty's brigade, was vigorously attacked by William's 
and a portion of Anderson's brigade. After a tiharp conllict tlie enemy was driven from the 
field, Hannon's brigade having come up and attacked them on the flank. The Yankees 
fought desperately and fell back slowly, with what loss we are unable to ascertain, as 
they carried off their wounded and most of their dead. To one who was an eye-witncbS 
but not an adept in the 'art of war,' it seems very strange that the whole Yankee force 
was not surrounded and captured. Dibreli's brigade was drawn up a few hundred yards 
from and in full view of the battle-field with Martin's whole division immediately in the 
rear. This is one of the best lighting brigades the Yankees have, and to have captured 
or routed it would have added a bright feather to the plume of the successful hero accom- 
plishing the feat. After he (Minty) had been driven from his first position, Martin's 
whole division was brought up and lost several of Allen's brigade. Brigadier General 
Allen had his horse shot. The hith Confederate and 5th Georgia, of Anderson's brigade, 
lost several killed and wounded. Williams's Kentucky brigade lost several good soldiers. " 

Colonel Minty adds in his report: 

"According to the above there was the following rebel force in the field: Kelly's and 
Martin's divisions, consisting of the brigades of Anderson (six regiments), Hannon's 
(five regiments), Allen's (five regiments), ;uid Johnson's (five regiments), and the inde- 
pendent brigades of Williams and Dibrell, composed of five regiments each, say in all 
twelve regimenis, with an average of 300— 3, GOO; the 5lh Georgia numbered over 800. 
The entire force I had engaged was 7th Pennsylvania, 170 men, and 4th Micliigiui, 283— 
in all 453. These few men held their ground agaiii.-.t the i-epeated assaults of the enemy 
for over two hours, and when I ordered them to fall back they retired slowly and in good 
Older. I beg to call the attention of the general commanding to the heavy loss sustained 
by this small force. In a loss of over twelve per cent, the very small proportion reported 
missing shows how steadily and stubbornly they fought. " 

Colonel Minty further adds in a note to this report: 

"One battalion led by Captain Hathaway repulsed a cliarge made by Williams's Ken- 
tucky brigade by a counter charge. 

" While my loss in tliis engagi'inent was only 65, the Marietta (Ga.) papers acknowledge 
the rebel loss to be 94 killed and 351 wounded," 

Following are extracts from a letter of Colonel Minty, under date of Kone- 
6UW, Ga., June ^Stli, 1864, to the Adjutant General of Miciiij^Mn : 

" The fight in which Lieutenant Sutton was killed, ' Latlimer's Mills,' June 20th. turns 
out to have been a splendid affair. I knew that the enemy had sulTered bevercly, but the 
truth far surpasses my most sanguine hopes. 

" The day before yesterday two negroes came in from General Martin's di\ is.' >n, and 
told us that the rebel loss was about 500; this I did not believe, but yesterday some of 

84 



666 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

the men of the 7th Pennsylvania and 4th Regulars got hold of a couple of Atlanta papers, 
in -vrhich they acknowledged their loss to be over ninety killed and three hundred and 
sixty wounded. When we take into consideration the fact that the rebels had two entire 
divisions actually engaged, supported by a third, and that I had only three regiments and 
a half on the ground, while only the 4th Michigan and a portion of the 7th PenTisylvania 
were engjiged, I think all will allow that the result is most gratifying. 

" I see in some of the Michigan papers that the ladies of Flint have a splendid standard 
prepared for the Old Fourth. I think I can promise that it will never be disgraced in 
their hands. " 

The regiment was in camp on the left flank of the army near Kenesaw 
mountain, on July 1st, 1864, and on the 2d with the brigade and division 
marched in the direction of Big Shanty, where possession was taken of the 
■ works evacuated by the Army of the Tennessee. Next day moved towards 
Marietta, and passing through the enemy's works near that point evacuated 
the night previous. Found Marietta occupied by a brigade of Union infantry , 
then proceeded toward the Chattahoochee river and encamped near Rosswell. 
On the 4th moved at daylight, and encountering the enemy, skirmished all 
day. Marched again to Rosswell and encamped, skirmishing at different 
points, and on the 10th moved again toward the Chattahoochee, and from tliat 
to the 13th encamped; then marched to McAflEee's bridge, remaining there 
until the 17th. Having crossed the Chattahoochee river, the regiment, in 
command of Major Mix, on the 18th, participated in a raid on the Atlanta and 
Augusta railroad, near Lost Mountain, and destroyed the track for several 
miles. From the 22d to the 24th it was engaged in a raid on Covington, on 
the same railroad, and in destroying the bridges and track. On the 27th 
marched with the brigade through Decatur, covering Stoneman's raid, and 
while encamped at Flat Shoals, southeast from Atlanta, was surrounded by 
Martin's, Kelley's, and Harriman's divisions of cavalry. Martin's division, 
under Iverson, followed Stoneman, when Mmty's brigade cut its way through 
and fell back to Lithonia, on the Augusta railroad. From the 1st to the 14th 
of August the regiment was employed as infantry, occupying a portion of the 
trenches in front of Atlanta that had been vacated by the 2-3d Army Corps. 

The 4th Michigan lost 37 killed and wounded and 3 missing, including 
among the killed Lieutenant T. W. Sutton. 

The 4th, still in command of Major Mix, composed a part of General Kil- 
patrick's force while on his celebrated raid around the rebel army then defend- 
ing Atlanta. This force consisted of the 3d division of cavalry, about 2,500 
strong, commanded in person by General Kilpatrick, Minty's and Long's brig- 
ades of the 2d cavalry division, numbering about 2,554, with two sections of 
the Chicago Board of Trade Battery, in command of Lieutenant Robinson. 
Kilpatrick made a complete circuit, occupying four days, lighting almost the 
entire time superior numbers, and whipping them with half their force. Gen- 
eral Garrard, of the 2d division, did not accompany the expedition, conse- 
quently Colonel Minty, of the 4th Michigan, then the ranking colonel, took 
command of the brigades of that division. 

At 1 o'clock on the morning of the 18th of August, Minty's command 
broke camp and left uur lines for the rendezvous of the expedition at Sund- 
town, arriving there at 6 A. M. The movement was commenced under cover 
of darkness to prevent, if possible, any imfurmation being obtained by the 
enemy ; yet, a rebel letter, captured on the 20Lh, dated at Atlanta on the 18th, 
gave the number of Minty's command, and the destination of the raiders. 
On the morning of the lOth Minty reported to General Kilpatrick at Sand- 
towu and received his orders, and that night the command moved off on their 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 667 

bold undertaking, the 3d division in the advance, skirmishing all the way until 
the West Point railroad was reached near Fairburn, where the first rebel 
assault was made. The enemy struck the column on the left flank with artil- 
lery and dismounted cavalry with so much force as tocutthe7th Pennsylvania, 
in commaTid of Major Jennings, in two, but were immediately reinforced by 
the 4th Michigan, commanded by Major Mix, when a vigorous and irrresistible 
attack was made on the enemy, driving him from the ground in great disorder. 
Pursuing the rebel force to Flint river, it was found that the bridge had been 
destroyed, the stream deep, and bottom bad for crossing, while Ross' and Fer- 
guson's brigades of cavalry presented a bold front on tlie east bank, and with 
artillery disjiuted the passage. The artillery was promptly in position, and 
soon silenced the rebel batteries; instantly the 1st, 3d, and 4th Ohio and 4th 
Michigan cavalry dismounted, formed in line, and under cover of a destruct- 
ive fire of grape and canister, directed ou the rebel rifle pits, and with a yell, 
dashed forward on the double-quick to the bank of the river, where a deadly 
fire was poured into the rebels at short range, dislodging their sharpshooters, 
when the column crossed the river on the stringers of the burned bridge, leav- 
ing the 7th Pennsylvania, one section of artillery, and the led horses on the 
■west bank. Minty, with his command dismounted, then advanced on Jones- 
boro, the 4th Michigan being deployed as skirmishers, 1st Ohio, 4th U. S. in 
line, with one section of artillery in the center, and the 3d and 4th Ohio fol- 
lowing in column, driving Ross and Ferguson into town, where they took 
shelter ill the houses and opened a sharp fire. Wliile Minty was getting his 
artillery in position to riddle the buildings the rebels mounted their horses 
and vacated in disorder. The 3d division was then quickly brought up, and 
the destruction of the town commenced, two-thirds of it being destroyed bv 
fire. 

While this was being done, Ferguson and Ross were reinforced by a bri"-ade 
of infantry, and took a position near Kilpatrick's forces, entrenching them- 
selves by felling limber, etc. Kilpatrick's main object being to destroy the 
railway, and not whipping the enemy, except when necessary in the execution 
of his purpose, that same night left Jonesboro. Striking east about five miles, 
he then marched direct for Lovejoy's Station on the Macon road. At day- 
bieak the next morning his flight from Jonesboro was discovered by the enemy, 
who started in pursuit with his cavalry. At one and a half miles from Love- 
joy's Station, the 2d division in the advance, Minty's brigade leading, followed 
by Long's, the 4th Michigan was detached, with orders to gain possession of 
and destroy the railroad, and was engaged in tearing up the track, when the 
column, moving down the direct road to the station, encountered the enemy's 
mounted pickets, who were driven in by the 7th Pennsylvania in fine style; 
but skirmishing was continued until within a quarter of a mile of the station, 
where the force was dismounted. In the meantime the 4th U. S. cavalry had 
been sent to reinforce the 7th Pennsylvania, but before their line was fairly 
formed a whole rebel infantry brigade, which had been lying in ambush with- 
out skirmishers, poured into the ranks a territlic volley, and with yells rushed 
over the small party, killing, wounding, and taking prisoners nearly the entire 
party, who fought bravely until their arms were wrested from them. Long's 
brigade was immediately formed, artillery placed in position, and the rebels 
were quickly repulsed, with severe loss. Scarcely had this been accomplished 
when a whole division of rebel cavalry (Jackson's), 5,000 strong, composed 
of Armstrong's, Ferguson's, and and Ross's brigades, was seen coming down 



€68 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

on the left and rear on the keen run, accompanied by ten pieces of artillery. 
{Jleburn's division of cavalry, 10,000 strong, was advancing rapidly on the 
right and front, while Reynolds, with seven regiments of infantry, was coming 
in quickly on the left and front. Before Kilpatrick had time to learn what 
was coming, a spirited attack was made on ihe rear, but he soon comprehended 
the situation. Minty's brigade was instantly vTithdrawii and hastily formed in 
line in column of regiments. The 7th Pennsylvania, Major Jennings, on the 
right; 4th Michigan, Major Mix, in the center, and the 4th U. S., Captain 
Mclntire, on the left. Long's brigade was formed in rear, and the 3d division 
was formed on the left of the road. The advancing enemy was immediately 
most gallantly attacked by a charge of Minty's brigade, which is described by 
u correspondent of the Ouicinnati Commercial as follows: 

" While the various regiments were being manoeuvred into position to meet the onslaught 
of the rebels, who were sweeping down upon, the men had time to comprehend the dan- 
ger that surrounded them —rebels to the right of them, rebels to the left of them, rebels 
in rear of them, rebels in front of them — surrounded; there was no salvation but to cut 
their way out. Visions of Libby Prison and starvation flitted through their imagination, 
and they saw that the deadly conflict could not be avoided. Plachig himself at the head 
head of his brigade, the gallant and fearless Minty drew his sabre, and his voice rung out 
clear and loud: 'Attention, column! forward, trot; regulate by the center regiment; 
march, gallop, march!' and away the brigade went with a yell that echoed away across 
the valleys. 

"The ground from which the start was made and over which they charged was a plan- 
tation of about two square miles, thickly strewn with patches of woods, deep water cuts, 
fences, ditches, and morasses. At the word, away went the bold dragoons at the height 
of their speed. Fences were jumped and ditches were no impediment. The rattle of the 
sabres mingled with that of the mess kettles and frying pans that jingled at the side of 
the pack mule brigade, which were madly pushed foiward by the frightened darkies who 
straddled them. Chaiging for their lives, and yelling like devils, Minty and bis troopers 
encountered the rebels behind a hastily-constructed barricade of rails. Pressing their 
rowels deep uito their horses' flanks, and raising their sabres aloft, on, on, on, nearer and 
nearer to the rebels they plunged. The terror-stricken enemy could not withstand the 
thunderous wave of men and horse that threatened to engulf them. They broke and ran 
just as Minty and his troopers were urging their horses for the decisive blow. In an 
instant all was confusion. The yells of the horsemen were drowned hi the clashing of 
stticl and the groans of the dying. On pressed Minty in pursuit, his men's sabres strikmg 
right and left, and cutting down everything in their path. The rebel, horsemen were seen 
to reel and pitch headlong to the earth, while their frightened steeds rushed pell-mell 
over their bodies. Many of the rebels defended themselves with almost superhuman 
strength; yet it was all in vain. The charge of Federal steel was irresistible. The 
heads and limbs of some of the rebels were actually severed from their bodies, the head 
of the rider falling on one side of the horse, the hfeless trunk upon the other. 

" The individual instances of heroism were many. Hardly a man flinched, and when 
the brigade came out more than half the sabres were stained with human blood. 

"It was, all admit, one of the hnest charges of the war. Fully lOU men fell under the 
keen sabres of Minty's brigade. The praises of Minty and his command are upon every 
tongue. The itli U. S., 4th Michigan, 1st, 3d, and ith Ohio regiments charged over a 
rebel batteiy of three guns on the left of the road; but no sooner had our men [lassed 
than the rebels again seized the cannon, and, reversing them, poured grape and canister 
into the charging columns. General Kilpatrick, seeing this, with his staff and others, 
about thirty in all, moved forward to cajjture the guns, but found a high staked-and- 
ridered fence between him and the battery. Seeing the predicament in which the General 
was. Private William Bailey, a young Tennesseean belonging to Company I, 4th Michi- 
gan, an orderly to Colonel Minty, coolly rode up to the fence, dismounted in the face of 
a severe lire, tore down the fence, remounted, lode up to the battery, shot the captain, 
took l)os^^esbion of the horse and arms, and rode out. lie was immediately followed by 
a party of men who captured the battery and spiked the guns. In the chaigc Minty's 
bvigade captured three stands of colors, the 4th U. S. taking two and the 4th Michigan 
one. " 

The position of General Kilpatrick's force, and the overpowering numbers 
opposing him, rendered his condition most critical, leaving him to choose 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 069 

between surrender or almost certain annihilation in the effort to extricate him- 
self. He cliuse the latter, and was relieved from his dilemma by the gallant 
figiiting of Minty's brigade, and thus enabled to accomplish successfully the 
object of the expedition. 

The casualties in the brigade and the Chicago Board of Tratle Battery oa 
this raid were 1 officer and 32 men killed, 6 oificers and 92 men wounded, 3 
officers and 20 men missing (wounded), and 4 officers and 48 men missing. 

The casualties in Miuty's brigade during the campaign, ending in the occu- 
pation of Atlanta, were 2 officers and 44 men killed, 6 officers and lOG meu 
wounded, and 7 officers and S3 men missing. 

The regiment arrived at Lithonia on the 21st of August, having made a cir- 
cuit around Atlanta and been in the saddle and almost constantly engaged 
since its departure from Sandtowu on the 18th, the marches having been made 
over roads that had become very rough from heavy rains. From Lithonia the 
regiment returned to Sandtowu. 

Colonel Minty says in a letter written at Saudtown, Ga., under date of 
August 29Lh, 1864 : 

"lu the late great Kilpatrick raid I had two brigades under me, my own and Long's. 
We did aU the fighting. I had 2,400 men. Kilpatrick had 2,300. I lost 206 men; he lost 
31. My own brigade made one of the grandest charges ever witnessed. We rode over 
three brigades of rebel cavalry, sabred hundreds of them, captured three pieces of artil- 
1617 ^D<i three stands of colors, — one of the latter was taken by the -iih Michigan, and I 
hope to send it to you in a few days to put along-side of the other one. General bher- 
man has it on exhibition at his headquarters at present. We made the entire circuit of 
both armies in five days. " 

The following is the report of Colonel Minty to the general commanding 
under date of near Atlanta, Ga., August 24th, 1SG4, covering the operations 
of his command on the Kilpatrick raid around the rebel army while defend- 
ing Atlanta : 

" At 1 o'clock A. M. on August 18th, I marched fi"om camp at this place with the 1st and 
2d brigades, 2d cavalry division, nunibering as under: 1st brigade, Colonel R. H. G. Minty 
commanding, 54 officers, 871 men; 2d brigade. Colonel EU Long commanding, 75 officers, 
1,308 men; Chicago Board of Trade Battery, Lieutenant Uobinson, 2 officers and 88 men; 
a total of 131 officers and 2,267 men. 

"At 6 A. M. I halted on the banks of Utoy creek, and in obedience to orders received 
from General Garrard, commanding 2d cavalry division, reported to General Kilpatrick, 
commanding 3d cavaliy division at Sandtown. 

" In accordance with orders from General Kilpatrick I marched at dusk same day, fol- 
lowing the 3d division. About break of day on the I'Jtli my advance, the 2d brigade, 
crossed the Atlanta and Montgomery railroad. The rear brigade (the 1st), was sharply 
attacked on the left flank by artillery and dismounted cavalry; the center of the 2d regi- 
ment (7th Pennsylvania), cut through and the column divided. Major Jennings, com- 
manding 7th Pennsylvania, and Major Mix, commanding -Ith Michigan, attai;ked thd 
enemy with vigor, drove them from the ground and re- united the colunm. At this point 
I lost three ambulances which were driven intt) the woods and broken by tho diivt^rs. I 
was here ordered to take the advance with my two brigades and push the <'ni>my, Ross' 
brigade of cavalry at Flint river. The woods were tliick and impracticable lor cavalry. 
The 2d brigade was therefore dismounted; they advanced steadily, driving the rebel* 
before them, until they arrived at Flint river, wherf we found the bridge destroyed and 
the enemy in position on the opposite side. The enemy's guns were immediately silenced 
by Lieutenant Bennett's section of the Board of Trade Battery. 

" General Kilpatiick now ordered up all his artillery, eight pieces, and shelled the rebel 
rifle-pits by volleys. On the firing of the fourth volley my men in line advanced at the 
double quick and took shelter behind a fence on the bank of the river. Tiicir fin* from 
this position drove the enemy from his works. We then crossed on the remaining string- 
ers of the ruined bridge, which was quickly repaii'ed, and one section of the Bouid of 
Trade Battery, Lieutenant Robinson, crossed. 

"I now received ord'srs from General Kilpatrick to drive the rebels from and tak'» pos- 
session of the town of Jonesboro. I deployed the 4th Michigan as sklrmibhere; the 4tb 



670 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 

U. S. and 1st Ohio, with the section of artillery between them, moved in line, and the 3d 
and 4th Ohio followed on the road in column, all dismounted. 

In this formation I advanced steadily, driving the lebels, Eoss' and Ferguson's bri- 
gades, before me into the town, where they took possession of the houses and- opened a 
sharp fire on us. I ordered the section of artillery into the skirmish line and directed 
Lieutenant Robinson to shell every house from which a gun was fired, and in five minutes 
I hak possession of Jonesboro. The railroad buildings were quickly destroyed and a 
portion of the tracli torn up. 

The general directed me to talie position across the railroad, facing towards Atlanta, 
to cover the 3d division, which had been ordered to take up ti'ack. About 10 o'clock 
P. M. I was ordered to fall back towards the 3d division, as they were about moving 
farther south. As soon as I had taken up the new position Colonel Murray attempted to 
advance, but found the enemy in force ajid stiongly posted in his front. A flank move- 
ment was now ordered. The general directed that my own brigade should take the 
advance, and that I should remain with the 2d brigade to cover the movement. The 
column moved towards McDonough's, about five miles, and then turning sharp to the 
right marched directly towards Lovejoy's Station. As the rear of the column turned to 
the right the rebel cavalry came up with it, and a shurp skirmibh ensued between them 
and Colonel Long's brigade, ending in the repulse of the rebels. At about 7 A. M. on the 
20th, when within one mile of Lovejoy's Station, the 2d brigade re-joined the 1st at the head 
of the column. At this point the road forks, one branch leading to the station and the 
other to a point on the railroad a quarter of a mile north; on this the right hand road, I 
detached the 4th Michigan, Major Mix commanding, with orders to gain possession of 
and destroy the railroad. The column moved on directly for the statitm, driving a small 
force of rebels before us. "When within a quarter of a mile of the railroad I received a 
report from Major Mix that he had succeeded in gaining the road without m<!cling with 
any opposition, and was then engaged in destroying it. At this momeni the aihunce was 
pretty sharply fired on. I immediately dismounted, and together with the remainder of 
the regiment (the 7th Pennsylvania), sent it forward to clear the woods, but finding that 
the fire came from our flank, I sent one battalion, 4th U. S. Cavalry, to extend our Une 
to the right. Before they got into position an entire brigade of rebel cavalry rose from 
the ground in our front, delivered a terrific volley and rushed forward with a yell. Our 
little foi'ce, scarcely 300 men, appeared for a moment to be annihilated. The 2d brigade 
rapidly formed, the Chicago Board of Trade Battery came into position, and the enemy 
was quickly checked, but from the woods In front and on both flanks a galling fire was 
kept up and the battery was forced to fall back, leaving one piece, which had been dis- 
abled, on the ground, and having lost seven per cent of their men. The gun was, how- 
ever, immediately after brought in by A'olunteers, taken off the broken carriage, and 
placed in a wagon. 

"The rebel cavalry now attacked us heavily in the rear. The general ordered me to 
withdraw my two brigades and form them on the right of the road, facing to the rear, and 
prepare for a charge. I formed the 1st brigade in line of regimental columns of fours, 
7th Pennsylvania on the right, 4th Michigan In the center, and 4th U. S. on the left. 
Gaps were made In the first fence by skirmishers. I moved forward at the trot untU 
getting under the enemy's fire, when I gave the command, 'gallop ' and charge, and we 
swept down on the enemy's breastworks. The ground we had to pass over was very 
disadvantageous for a charge, being very much cut up by rain gullies and intersected by 
half a dozen very high rail fences. The rebels held their position behind their works 
until we were almost on them, when they turned and fled in confusion. We were soon 
amongst them, and hundreds fell beneath our keen blades. The race and slaughter 
through woods and fields continued for about three miles, when I collected and re-formed 
my command. 

"In this charge we captured three pieces of artillery and three stands of colors, viz.: 
3d Texas Cavalry, Zachary Hangers, and Benjamin's Infantry, the first two by the 4th U. 
S. Cavaliy and the last by the 4th Michigan. 

" General Kllpatrick now ordered me to cover the march of the column to McDon- 
ough's. 

" Colonel Long immediately took position with the 2d Brigade, and before the head of 
the column liad moved he was attacked by Clayburn's division of infantry; for nearly 
thi-ee hours they wei-e held in check by Colonel Long, who was here wounded in the arm 
and tliigh, and tlie command of the brigade devolved on Colonel Eggleston, 1st Ohio Cav- 
alry. The 3d division benig out of the way, I placed the 4th Michigan and 7th Pennsyl- 
vania In position with Lieutenant Bennett's section of the Board of Trade Battery, and 
directed Colonel Eggleston to retire with his brigade. Clayburn followed closely and vig- 
oi'ously attacked the new line, but our rail breastworks protected the men and our loss 
was comparatively small, although the enemy's shells were thrown with great precision. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 671 

Shortly after the retreat of the 2d Brigade one of our guns burst, and the other was ren- 
dered unserviceable by the wedging of a shell. So soon as the road was clear I with- 
drew and mounted the 1st Brigade. The march was continued until 2 A. M. on the 21st, 
when we bivouacked north of Wahmt creek. 

"August 21st we were in the saddle shortly after daybreak. At about 6 A. M. we 
arrived on the south bank of the Cotton river, whicli was flooded and the bridge gone. 
This we were compelled to swim, losing one man and about fifty horses and mules. It 
being impossible to bring across the wugon v.hicli coiitah.cd the triai^ it wus destroyed and 
the gun buried. I camped at Lithonia, ou the Georgia ruihoau. 

"August 22d returned to camp near Peach Tree creek, passing through Lattimer's and 
Decatur. 

" Every oflQcer and soldier in the command acted so well, so nobly, so gallantly, that 
under ordinary circumstances they would be entitled to special mention. Day and 
night, from the Ibth to the 23d, these gallant men were without sleep and almost with- 
out food. During that time they marched and skirmished almost incessantly, fought 
foul' pitched battles, and swam a flooded river without once complaining or murmuring. 
********♦♦♦» 

"Private William Bailey, 4th Michigan, specially distinguished himself by riding through 
a narrow gap in the fence in front of the enemy's artillery, galloping into the battery and 
shooting the captain dead on the spot." **•••• 

A correspondent wrote as follows : 

" On the evening of August 17th Colonel Minty received orders to report witli his and 
Colonel Dodge's brigade to General Kilpatrick, commanding the 3d Cavalry Division of 
the Department of the Cumberland. General Kilpatrick was at Sandtown', on the right 
of the army, and Colonel Muity s orders were to report to him at 7 o'clock on the morning 
of the 18th. At 1 o'clock that morning the two brigades moved liom camp, and the 
Colonel arrived at Sandtown and reported promptly at the hour designated. 

"The remainder of the day was spent in nialung preliminary arrangements for the 
expedition. At sundown everything was in readiness, and tlie command, about 4,UUU 
strong, with eight pieces of artillery, commenced to move out. The column had not pro- 
ceeded more than lour miles when the advance ran into rebel pickets or patrols, and from 
that time until nearly daylight skirmishing was going on at the front of the column, and 
the enemy was not in sufficient force to greatly retard our progress. 

" At sunrise on the morning of the 18th, we arrived at the West Point railroad, and 
when all had crossed but the 4th Michigan and the 7th Pennsyivunia, a brigade of rebel 
cavahy attacked the column at the head of those two regiments and made a de&peiate 
attempt to cut them off, but a line was soon formed, the bpencers began to l-silk rapidly, 
and the enemy was quickly repulsed and driven back into the wooda with slight lotjjj to 
ourselves. The column then passed without further attempt on the part of the rebels to 
check it. 

" Two ambulances belonging to Colonel Minty's brigade were lost at this point, not 
because of any necessity for it, but the simple reason that ilie drivers, or sonio one else 
connected with the ambulance train, became demoralized and rushed them off p«*ll mell 
into the woods when the attack was first made. They wcic run into a deep, muddy 
creek, where they were upset and so badly broken that they could not aftei-wards be taken 
from the field. 

"From this time until we arrived within three miles of Jonesboro, the point on the 
Macon road which the general wished to strike, we met with \try little oppobitiou. 
Within three miles of the town is a narrow, deep creek, at which tiie rebels attempted to 
make a stand, when Minty's brigade was dismounted and soon routed tlu-ni. Ail the 
brigade but the 4th Michigan was then mounttid, and with that regiment in advance, dis- 
mounted, the 2d battalion as hkirunsliers, the command moved forward in the direction of 
the town, which they readied in a little over halt an hour, the skirniipluMs driving the 
enemy away from and taking possession of the lailio.id depot, which was m the ouLskirts 
ot the village and on the main street. The rebels were drawn up in line in tlif street 
about a quarter of a mile from the depot, where we could plainly see they were prepuimg 
for a charge. Two pieces ot the Chicago Board of Trade Battery wore brouuiit up and 
placed in position where they had a raking lire of tlie street, and boloro the n-bols were 
ready for a charge the shells were falling so thickly anions tln'in that they liad to dis- 
perse and withdraw from the town. General KiliKitnck's uivi-sion tluii came up, a portion 
of which pursued the rebels, the remainder picketing the roads, while Minty and Long's 
brigades were engaged in destroying the railroad track and burning properly. The depot 
and other railroad buildings, with about two hundred bales of cotton, had been burned, 
and about two miles of track torn up, when the enemy, liaving received roiuforoe- 
ments of one brigade of infantry from Lovejoy's Station, six niilos below, came up 



67Ji MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

and pressed Kilpatrick's division so closely that the whole command had to abandon the 
further destruction of the road in order to protect itself. It was now 10 o'clock at night 
and the rebels were pressing us closely. The general had the entire comaiaiid diawn up 
in line in front of the enemy, and when they had become well engaged with small arms, 
he ordered one of the brass bands to go close up to the rear of our line and commence to 
play. The first piece played was ' Yankee Doodle,' then the ' Star Spangled Banner,' and 
then came 'Dixie.' The effect was almost magical. Cheer after cheer arose along our 
entire hue. The rebels ceased fire, and for half an hour all was still as death. Taking 
advantage of the darkness and silence, General Kilpatiick quietly withdrew his command 
and moved about four miles to the east of the railroad, where he halted until daylight, 
when the men partook of coffee and ' hard tack,' and also fed the animals. 

" The command had just commenced to move out when the rebels came up and fiercely 
attacked our rear, but the invincible Long was there and they were met with a firmness 
that sent them as suddenly staggering back as they had made the attack. 

" General Kilpatrick now took his fine of march in a circuitous route for the railroad, 
intending to again strike it at Lovejoy's Station. He was followed by three brigades of 
rebel cavalry wno harrassed his rear the entire distance, about eight miles, but made no 
determined attack. Arriving within a mile of the station the enemy was encountered in 
our front; Minty's brigade was in the advance. The 4th regulars and 7th Pennsylvania 
were dismounted to fight the enemy in front, while the 4th Michigan was sent one mile to 
the right to take possession of the railroad track and destroy what they could of the 
same. We had got possession of the road and commenced work, when a whole brigade 
of infantry attacked the 7th Pennsylvania and 4th regulars, driving them back with heavy 
loss. The 4th Michigan was then ordered back to their support. A barricade of rails- 
was speedily thrown up, and for twenty minutes not a shot was fired, when light skir- 
mishing again commenced. In the meantime the rebel cavalry m Dur rear had not buon 
idle. They had now got a battery of two guns into position, and their command dis- 
mounted and formed in line gave us no httle trouble. We all began to feel that we had 
got into the wrong pew. With one division of infantry in front of us and three brigades 
of cavalry in our rear we could not entertain any very pleasant feelings, you may be 
assured. While thus situated, and each man meditatuig upon future life in some southern 
prison, it was announced to us that General Kilpatrick was going to cut his way tinough 
the cavalry. Minty's brigade was mounted and ordered back in that direction, and while 
forming for the charge the rebel infantry were held by Kilpatrick's division, under com- 
mand of Colonel Murray, of the 3d Kentucky cavalry. The brigade was formed on the 
right of the road, within gunshot of the rebel line, but so quickly was it done that tliey 
did not divine the movement. And now comes one of the most brilliant sabre cliargea 
that has been made during the war, either in this department or elsewhere. It requires a 
more able pen than mine to give it a correct description. 

"The brigades were formed in three columns, the 4th regulars on the left, the 7th 
Pennsylvania on the right, and the 4th Michigan in the center. When everything was in 
readiness the general came up, drew his sabre, and took position at the head of the 4th 
regulars. Colonel Minty was in front of the center of his brigade, and when notified that 
everything was ready, gave the command to draw sabre. Every sabre leaped from its- 
scabbard, and then came the clear, ringing voice of our brave little colonel, 'Forward! 
regulate to the center regiment, charge!' The whole brigade moved as one man, yelling 
and shouting, the colonel all the time at their front leading them on. The enemy opened 
with grape and canister and shell trom their battery, and the dismounted cavalry poured 
in a volley from their guns, but it was but one volley only; before the>' could again load 
and lire we were among them with our sabres, cutting them down on every side. The 
batter>' was silenced in no time, one gun being upset, while we took the otluT along with 
us. In less time than it takes to relate it we had run over and cut our way tlirougli three 
brigades of cavalry and made a load for the remainder of the command to pass out,^ 
which it did with safety, artillery, ambulances, pack mules, and all. 

" General Kilpatrick's headquarters flag was pierced by a shell in making a charge, and 
Colonel Minty's horse was slightly woundi d by a musket ball from tlie line of the dis- 
mounted cavalry. Had we the time we could have brought off livo or »ix iiundred pris- 
oners, but they were in close pursuit and we were obliged to leave them behind in order 
to secure our own safety. Our ambulances were loaded with wounded, tlie horses of the 
command very much fatigued, and our progress was occasionally very slow. We brought 
out about thirty prisoners only, and about one hundred horsrs and mules. In gohig out 
the command had become somewhat confused and dist)rg,uiizetl, and in order tlmt we 
might the better be prepared for work, the General ordered a halt and reorganization. 
When the reorganization was about completed the enemy overtook us and attacked Col- 
onel Long witli great fury, who again happened to be in tlie rear. It was all he could do- 
to hold them until the column got straightened out on the road, but at the sacrifice of 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 673 

about fifty men he succeeded In holding them. The Colonel himself was twice severely 
wounded in this engagement, and had to be carried from the field. 

"The 4th Michigan and 7th Pennsylvania were now dismounted and deployed across 
the road for the purpose of protecting the retreat of Colonel Long's brigade. We remained 
in line until the brigade had passed, followed by the rebels, but the reception with which 
they were met a few moments before prevented them from attacking us with the same 
impetuosity with which they had rushed on to Colonel Long's command. After skirmish- 
ing witl) them a short time we withdrew and closed up with the column. That waa the 
last time they bothered us on the march. Darkness now set in and we marched until 2 
o'clock, when we crossed a deep stream, burning the bridges after us and went into camp 
until morning. At sunrise the column was again on the move, and after marching three 
miles we came to a stream which had been so swollen by recent rains that the whole com- 
mand had to swim it. Three men and several animals were drowned, and one ambulance 
and two wagons lost in crossing. That night we went into camp in good season at 
Lithonia, a village on the Augusta railroad, about fifteen miles from the left of our army. 
Considering ourselves out of danger we siept soundly, which was the first night's rest we 
had since leaving camp on the morning of the 18th. 

" The next morning at sunrise we again resumed the march, and arrived Inside our 
lines at an early hour in the afternoon, having been completely around the rebel army. 
Of one thing we were completely satisfied, that General Kilpatrick is entitled to the cog- 
nomen which was given him on the Potomac, viz., of ' Kill Cavalry.' But of another 
thing we are satisfied also, that he is one of the very best cavalry generals in the service. 
He knows exactly how to handle cavalry, is not aftraid to fight, and is always at the front 
in person, willing to take his own chances with the rest." 

From September 1st to 11th, 1864, the regiment remained in camp at Sand- 
town, distant from Atlanta about 15 miles. On the 11th, in company with 
the 4:th U. S. cavalry, moved through Atlanta and bivouacked on Peach Tree 
creek, about iwo miles out. On the 12th resumed the march, reaching Blake's 
mills in the afternoon, where the 2d Division was encamped. On the 19th 
moved south, crossed the Chattahoochee river and encamped near Rosswell, 
from whence scouting parties were frequently sent. On one occasion Lieuten- 
ant Boutelle, of Company B, with a detail of 50 men sent out as guard to a 
forage train, were attacked by a force estimated at 200 mounted men. Bou- 
telle drew sabres and charged, driving the rebels off, but he received a ball 
through his right hand, the bones of which were badly shattered, while two of 
his men were captured. On their way back to camp they were again attacked 
by the same rebel force, and again the gallant Boutelle led a successful charge 
against them, his useless right hand hanging by his side. On the 26th the 
regiment, with the 4th U. S. and 7th Pennsylvania Cavalry, moved from Rosa- 
well and marched west about ten miles and encamped. The dismounted men 
had from time to time been sent to the rear, and with the exception of 217 
sent to Chattanooga, were employed in garrisoning the block-houses on the 
railroad between IJashville and Huntsville. On September 14th, Corporal 
Charles Bickford with 23 men of the regiment, and only 17 of them armed 
with Spencer carbines, in a block-house, were attacked by the rebel cavalry 
under General Wheeler, numbering over 8.000, with artillery. General Wheeer 
came with a flag of truce and demanded the unconditional surrender of the 
block-house and garrison. It was refused, notwithstanding the statement 
made that ''General Wheeler was present with 8,000 men and three pieces of 
artillery." The rebels opened with their artillery and for five hours and a half 
continued to shell the block-house, at one time being not more than ten or 
fifteen rods distant. They were made to change the position of tlieir guns 
seven times, and finally forced to retreat with a loss of 8 killed and GO wounded. 
The corporal was made a 2d lieutenant, and the men were honorably mentioned 
by name in general orders 

On October Ist the regiment again returned to Sandtown, and on the 2d and 

85 



674 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

3d engaged the enemy for several houra on each day on Sweetwater creek, but 
with slight loss. On the 4th the regiment arrived at Marietta, where it joined 
the 2d cavalry division and moved with it in pursuit of the rebel army, then 
engaged in its northward movement to the Tennessee river. The command 
skirmished with the enemy for several hours on the 5th, and on the following 
day the rebels having vacated their position, the command attacked their rear 
guard and captured a brigadier general and colonel, with other prisoners. 
The enemy having moved to Dallas and occupied their old works at that place, 
were attacked by the command and driven out. On the 10th the command 
was engaged near Rome, and on the 12th crossed the Oostenaula river and 
attacked the rebel force, but after driving them several miles the latter opened 
with artillery and the command retired. On the 13th the enemy were again 
attacked, killing 10 and wounding 13, driving them twelve miles, taking two 
pieces of artillery and a large number of prisoners. Recrossing the Oostenaula 
river, the regiment marched through Rome, Kingston, and Adairsville to 
Resaca, thence via Summersville and Galesville, Ala., to Little river, where on 
the 20th it engaged General Wheeler's cavalry, forcing them to retire and 
driving them five miles, killing several, including two lieutenants. 

During the past twelve months the regiment had marched over 3,600 miles. 

Ill order that the regiment might again be united, the mounted men at Lit- 
tle river, numbering about 100, were ordered on October 26th, 1864, to trans- 
fer their horses to the 3d brigade and proceed to Nashville. The other por- 
tions of the regiment were also ordered to proceed to the same place. 

The regiment had been dismounted and ordered to Nashville, Tenn., and 
thence to Louisville, K., to reorganize and equip. It remained there until the 
latter part of December, during which time it had been remounted, fully 
equipped and furnished with new Spencer's carbines, the regiment numbering 
23 ufficers and 696 enlisted men. On December 28th it marched from Louis- 
ville through Mt. Washington, Bardstown, New Haven, Elizubethtown, 
Sonora, and Munfordsville, crossing Green river and passing through Wood- 
sonville, Cave City, Bowling Green, and Mitchellville, arriving at Nashville 
January 8th, 1865, where it remained three days making preparations for 
continuing the march. On the 12th it broke camp and commenced the 
march, passing through Nasliville, Franklin, Spring Hill, arriving near Col- 
umbia on the 13th and remaining there until the 18th, when it crossed the 
river and marched through Columbia and bivouacked. On the 19th the march 
was resumed, taking a southwesterly course at Mt. Pleasant, arriving at Grav- 
elly Springs, Alabama, on tlie 25th, where it commenced building camp quar- 
ters for the men and stables for the horses. There the men suffered for some 
time for want of rations, it lieing impossible to obtain a supply, and in conse- 
quence they were under t . necessity of living on parched corn for several 
days. 

In 1864, and after the regiment had fought and won many hard battles, the 
citizens of Flint sent, by Colonel Minty, to the 4th a standard made of the 
heaviest blue banner silk with a gold colored fringe of heavy material, the 
State arms on the one side, on the reverse an eagle resting on a shield. 
Beneath the shield a motto of the regiment, ^^ In jure vmcimus." " We con- 
quer in right." Inscribed on it battles of the regiment in beautiful letters. 
On a silver platoon the staff was engraved: "Presented to the 4th Reg't 
Mich, cavalry by the friends of the Flint boys." "Blessings on our gallant 
4th. Victory o'er every foe." 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAil. 676 

A correspondent wrote : 

" One of the cavalry camps near the fort on Shelby street (Louisville) was the scene 
of a very pleasant reunion on the 16th iust. (Noveaibor, 18(J4). The 4th Michigan cav- 
ally, Colonel K. H. G. Minty's old regiment, after two years and three montlis of uninter- 
rupted hard service at the front, had been sent here to remount. On the occajsion 
referred to the Colonel, in behalf of the friends of the regiment in Flint, Michigan, pre- 
sented his war-worn troopers with a stand of colors- the gift of the ladies of Fiuit. ' The 
presentation letter was read by Captain Robert Burns, A. A. General of Colonel Mmty'e 
brigade, and a committee appointed to reply. 

"The flag is a model of neatness and good taste. In the center of a ground- work of 
rich blue silk is the national coat of arms with a star for each iSLate. Around this ci'uter 
tastefully arranged in handsome gilt letters the names of the twelve battles in wliich the 
regiment has fought. In the center of the opposite side there is the coat of arms of 
Michigan and this Latin motto "Injure vincimuu," and around the border, as on the 
on the other side, the names of twelve other battle-tieicis. This flag was ready for pre- 
sentation in April last, but the regiment left before it could be forwarded, and has t)iily 
now become so settled in camp as to give opportunity for tiie presentation. On tlie silver 
plate on the staff stand engraved the names of sixteen other battles in which this noble 
regiment has fought since tlie flag was finished. During the memorable campaign against 
Atlanta, among the battle-fields on the Flag, Stone river, Slieibyviile, Frankiii), aparta, 
Middleton, Rover, Unionville, Liberty, Snow Hill. McMinnville, Lebanon, Chielv'jiniiuiga,' 
Reed's Bridge, Hill Creek, Chattanooga, Cleveland. On the silver plate Home, Kings- 
ton, Dallas, Powder Spring, Big Shanty, Kenesaw mountain, Chattahoochee, Covuigton, 
Stone Mountain, Lattimer's Mills, Flat Shoals, Lovojoy's Station, Jonesboro, and Atlanta, 
the whole number being forty, and this makes no account of the minor skirmishes wliii-h 
might be added, swelling this number to hundreds 

"A few words about tins noble regiment and its gallant commander will hardly be con- 
sidered out of place in this connection. The 4th Michigan casalry. Colonel Minty oom- 
manding, crossed the Ohio river 1,200 strong at the time the rebel army under General 
Bragg was threatening Louisville in October, 1862, and participated in the military move- 
ments that drove the rebels from Kentucky. Makii:g a hasty march from Crab Oiciiard 
to MunfordsvUle, it joined in the hunt after John Morgan, and followed that noted rebel 
and horse thief across the Cumberland liver. When General llosecraus advanced towards 
Murfreesboro, the 1st cavalry brigade, of which the 4lh Michigan was tlien a part, and to 
the command of which Colonel Minty had been appointed, moved out in advance of the 
center column. The Michigan cavalry tired the first gun, and had the first man killed in 
the memorable series of desperate fights which, spreatling over many mileb of country, 
and occupying many days together, constitute tlie battle of Stone river Colonel Minty 
with his Ist brigade, the 4th Michigan included led a sabre charge on the evening of 
December 31st which checked the then victorious rebels. From that time the enemy 
gained nothing. Miuty's was the first cavalry to enter Murfreesboio after Bragg's forces 
were withdrawn. 

"When Ivosecrans advanced toward Tuiiahoma, Mlnty's brigade, after a hard fight 
drove a heavy force of the enemy from Shelbyvfile, kUling and wounding a great number 
and capturing 600 prisoners, with three pieces of artillery. Wlien Briii;g, ret^nforced by 
Longstreet, fell upon Rosecrans's army on the 19th of September, 18GJ, iUinty, willi his 
brigade, fought the advancing columns of the enemy one day almost alone, and by a 
series of brilliant cavalry movements held the v\-hole rebel army at bay until ilio 
general himself said that his cavalry her*- saved his army. During Sherman's last cam- 
paign, Minty, with his brigade, was always wliere hard work and dt^sperate lighting were 
to be performed. His command was detached from Garraid's division, and formed part 
of the force that, under Kilpatrick, passed around the two armies, cutting the Macon 
railroad after the disastrous failures of McCook and Stoneman. Here, near Lovejoy's 
Station, Colonel Minty led his brigade, his own old regiment, the 4th Micliigan, being in 
the center, in one of the most brilliant and successful cavalry cliaiges of the war, literally 
cutting his way through the rebel army and saving Kilpatrick's co/nmand. 

Minty's brigade has been known as the 1st Brigade, 2d Cavalry I'l vision, and was com- 
posed of the 4th United States, 7th Pennsylvania, and 4th Michigan Cavalry. In the 
reorganization now going on, it is to be knt)wn as the 2d i>r.gade of the 2d Division, and 
will consist of the 4th Michigan, 7th Peinisylvania, and Ist, 3d, and 4th Ohio. 

Colonel Minty has been earnestly recommended to tir.j President and Secretary of War 
for promotion. First, in 1861, for gallant conduct while witli the 'M .Michi^fan Cavalry. 
Second, by Major General Stanley, Chief of Cavalry, and Geneial Ko-secraiib in tlie 
spring of 1863. Third, by General Rosecrans in his ofiicial report in tiie auiumn of 1803. 
Fourth, by Generals Stanley, Thomas, and Elliott, in the spring of 1864, and fifth, by 



676 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

Generals Kilpatrick and Sherman for gallant conduct during the late campaign. The 
Governor of Michigan with the two United States Senators, and all the Eepresentatives 
in Congress, have united in asking of the War Department a star for this successful and 
brilliant cavalry commander. His friends have ceased to look for justice to this truly- 
worthy officer. When this cruel war is over and history does justice to those that have 
fought, it will be seen how httle minds invested with temporary power, from motives of 
jeafousy so mean that they can hardly be believed, have withheld that which was due 
honest merit, while blustering pretence and worthless impudence have stolen honors due 
better men. Impartial history will do justice to the faithful soldier who has served his 
oountry and successfully led her armies during this her terrible struggle for life." 

The regiment, in command of Lieutenant Colonel B. F. Pritchard, remained 
at Gravelly Springs, Ala., during the month of February and part of March, 
1865. During the early part of March preparations had been made for active 
service, and on the ll^th the command broke camp at 12 P. M., and reached 
Waterloo on the 13th, crossing the Tennessee river at Eastport, Miss. It 
remained there until the 22d, and then commenced its march southward, over 
mountains, crossing rivers and creeks and through swamps, building miles of 
corduroy road, reaching the Black Warrior river on the ^9th, and which was 
that day crossed by swmiming the horses, losing one man and between thirty 
and forty horses. During the night the Locust was crossed in the same man- 
ner. On the 31st the command crossed Shade's creek and the Oahawba river, 
passing the battery over tlie railroad bridge after it had been laid with ties, 
losing five or six mules and horses by their tumbling over the narrow bridge 
and falling nearly a hundred feet, killing them instantly. The brigade to 
which the regiment was attached being in the rear of its division, the "^Jd, the 
4th division having the advance became engaged with Forrest's command, 
and had a sharp tight on the 1st of April near Mulberry creek, capturing three 
pitces of artillery. On the same day the regiment, with its brigade, crossed 
ilie Big Mulberry and about midnight encamped at Plantersville. On the 2d, 
the brigade being in the advance, started at 4 o'clock A. M. on the direct road 
to Selma, distant about 20 miles, reaching the fortifications in front of that 
place at 2 P. M. on the same day. They were found to be stronger and more 
perfect than those at Atlanta, consisting of an inner line of redans and re- 
doubts, mounted with 12-pounder howitzers and 20-pounder Parrots. The 
main and outer line, which extended entirely around the city from river to 
nver, consisted of twenty-five redoubts or bastions connected by curtains, the 
paiiijiet being about twelve feet high and surrounded by a ditch and well built 
])aii^ade, in front of which was swampy ground partially covered with abatis. 
Thcfcc works were defended by General Forrest, with a force estimated at nine 
tliousand. Tlie 2d division, in which was the 4th Michigan, was ordered to 
assault the works on the Summerville road and the 4th division those on the 
Plantersville road. About the time the assault was to take place the rear of 
the 2d division was attacked by Chalmei"'s division of rebel cavalry. The 3d 
Ohio and 72d Lidiana, with a portion of the 98th Illinois, were immediately 
detached to hold them in check, leaving in the 2d division only about 1,483 
men to make the atsault. It however moved forward under a terrific fire, 
going at the work with a cheer, and had possession of the main line in twenty 
minutes, iusiiig m that brief space of time 324 in killed and wounded. General 
Long, commanding the division, had been shot in the head shortly after the 
division moved to the assault. Colonel Minty, of the 4th Michigan, assuming 
command, leading the division in the assault, and is reported to have been the 
first man to get mside the works alive; Corporal Booth, Comjjany A, 4th Ohio 
Cavalry, being killed as he entered tiie works just ahead of Colonel Minty. 



i 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. (577 

The rebels were soon swept from the main line of works, and then the inner 
line of redans was carried in detail by assault, and possession had been gained 
of the entire inner line when the 4th division reached the outer works. The 
result of tills gallant affair was the capture of the city with twenty-five pieces 
of artillery in position besides seventy-five pieces in the navy-yard, with a large 
amount of ammunition and stores, together with other property, and twenty- 
eight hundred prisoners. 

The regiment, still in command of Colonel Pritchard, remained at Sclrna 
until the morning of the 7th, assisting in building pontoons, when the division 
crossed the Alabama river. On the night of the 12r,h it crossed Big Swamp 
creek on pontoons, built from the planks of a house which had been pulled 
down for that purpose. Proceeding onward the city of Montgomery was 
reached, and peaceably taken possession of by the 1st division. The reo-iment, 
with its brigade, marched through Columbus on the 17th, which had been 
assaulted and taken by the 4th division on the previous night. Pushino- for- 
ward towards Flint River with a view to saving the double bridges on the 
Macon road, marching all night it reached there a^ 6 A. M. on the I8th, where 
a gallant sabre charge was made by one battalion of the 4th Miciiigan, in com- 
mand of Captain Charles T. Hudson, carrying the bridges, and taking prisoner 
every man of the rebel battalion svhich had been left to destroy them, includ- 
ing two majors and nine other commissioned officers. 

On the ^Uth, the 2d division, to which the regiment was attached being in 
the advance, after marching 27 miles found the enemy and drove him rapidly 
for eighteen miles. At about 6 P. M. the advance regiment entered Macon at 
the gallop, surprising a battalion of rebel cavalry, and receiving the uncon- 
ditional surrender of Major General Howell Cobb, with his entire force, con- 
sisting of five geueial officers, three hundred and seventy-four other commis- 
sioned officers, and nineteen hundred and ninety-four men, with sixty-two 
pieces of artillery, together with large and important arsenals, foundries, and 
machine shops. At that point the notice of the surrender of the rebel armies 
having been received, the further progress of the command was terminated. 

Major General Wilson, commanding, in his congratulatory order, under 
date of Selma, Ala., April 7th, 1865, says of the 2d division, to which the 4th 
Michigan belonged : 

"Selma lay before you, surrounded by two lines of intrenchments, the outer one con- 
tinuous, flanked by impassable swamps, covered by stockades, and defended by seven 
thous^and tioops, under the command of Lieutenant General Forrest. Like an avalanche 
the hitrepid soldiers of the 2d division swept over the defenses on the Summerville road, 
while the 4th division carried those on the Plantersvillo road. The enemy, astonished 
and disheartened, broke from their strong works, and Selma was /air/y iron. The enemy, 
under Chalmers, attempted to drive in the 2d division picket line during the battle, and go 
to the rescue of the rebel garrison, but their efforts were futile and tliey were compelled 
to retreat rapidly beyond the Cahawba. " 

"Soldiers, you have been called upon to perform long marches and endure privations, 
but your general relied upon and believed in your capacity and courage to undergo every 
task imposed upon you. Trusting in your valor, discipline, and armament, he did not 
hesitate to attack intrenchments believed by the rebel leaders to be impregnable, and 
wliich might well have caused double your numbers of veteran infantry to hesitate. 
Your achievements will always be considered among the most remarkable In the annalB 
of cavalry." 

Colonel Minty, in his report of the part taken by his brigade in the assault 
and capture of belma, says: 



678 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

" On the night of the 31st of March, I was encamped ten miles north of Montevallo, 
and on the night of the 1st of April I camped at Plantersviile, having marched 45 miles 
on that day. 

"On the morning of the 2d I marched at 6 o'clock, taking the advance at the main 
Selma road. The 3d Ohio was my advance regiment. It easily drove what small force 
we met without delaying the column for a moment. About six miles from Selma I turned 
to the right, taking a cross road which led to the Summerville road. At about 3 P. M. I 
found myself in front of the works around Selma. In accordance with orders from Brig- 
adier General Long I sent the 3d Ohio to the right and rear to cover led horses and pack 
mules. The other three regiments, 4th Ohio, 7th Pennsylvania, and 4th Michigan, were 
dismounted and foi-raed a line about half a mile from the works. A strong skirmish Una 
was pushed forward a few hundred yards in advance and was immediately engaged with 
the enemj^'s skirmishers. 

"At about 4 P. M., Major General Wilson, accompanied by Brigadier General Long, 
came forward to my skirmish line. After examining the ground for a few moments Gen- 
eral Wilson ordered an assault. The 1st brigade was now moved to my right, and my 
skirmishers from that direction were drawn in. By direction of General Long I left one 
regiment, the 4th Michigan, to support the Chicago Board of Trade Battery. The 3d 
Ohio was still protecting the led animals, and was at this time skirmishing with Chal- 
mer's advance. This left me but two regiments for the assault, numbering in all 33 officers 
and 671 men. At about 5 P. M. the order was given to advance. The men moved for- 
ward with enthusiasm and in pefect line until their left struck a swamp in which they were 
almost knee deep. This threw the right considerably in advance. The left of the 1st 
brigade came forward in the same manner, and as I afterwards learned, from the same 
cause, ' swamp in front of the outer flank.' Thus the right of the 4th Ohio and left of 
the 123d Illinois gained the works first, the flanks sweeping forward as if the movement 
had been that of individual echelon. Corporal Booth of A company, 4th Ohio, was the 
first man inside the works. He was almost immediately afterwards shot through the head. 

"The works at the point of assault consisted of a breastwork or parapet fiom six to 
eight feet high, with a ditch about five feet wide along the entire line. After entering the 
works we pushed up the line to the left, cleaning the rebels out of the bastions, in which we 
captured a considerable amount of artillery, until we arrived opposite the fort, near the 
cotton gin, which formed a portion of the inner line of works. This was immediately 
assaulted and carried. Three field pieces were captured in this work. Here we again 
turned to the left and attacked and carried the works on the Plantersviile road, capturing 
five pieces of artLUery, one of them a thirty-pounder Parrott. At this point I collected 
and re-formed my command, and about IIP. M. bivouacked between the hues of works. 
As before stated, the total number engaged in the assault was thiity-three officers and 
six hundred and seventy-one men. Of these nine officers and one hundred and fourteen 
men were killed and wounded. Lieutenant Colonel Dobb, commanding 4th Ohio, was, I 
regret to say, killed, and Colonel McCormick, commanding 7th Pennsylvania, severely 
wounded. 

"Each officer and soldier performed his duty weU and nobly, and it is, therefore, diffi- 
cult for me to make special mention of any. 

" Major Burns, 4th Michigan Cavalry, my Acting Assistant Ad jutant General, was among 
the first to enter the works, and acted in the most gallant manner throughout the entire 
action. " 

In a subsequent report, dated May 14th, 1865, to the commanding general, 
he says : 

" Major Burns, 4th Michigan Cavalry, my A. A. A. G., formed and brought forward the 
7th Pennsylvania Cavalry to the assault; was among the first to enter the enemy's works, 
and afterwards took part in the charge made by the 4th United States Cavalry. 

************ 

" This officer has been under my immediate command for nearly three years, and has 
invariably performed his duty with energy and zeal, and has distinguished himself in bat- 
tle on many occasions. * ******** 

"Where all did tlieir duty so well, the man who distinguished hunself above his com- 
rades in arms was brave among the brave." 

On the 7th of May, 1865, Lieutenant Colonel Pritchard was directed by Col- 
onel Mmty to proceed with the regiment as rapidly as possible to Spaulding, 
in Irwin Co., and picket the Ocmulgee river from Hawkinsville to the mouth 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 679 

of the Oconee river, for the purpose of preventing the escape of Jefferson 
Davis, who was then supposed to be making his way to the Aihintic coast, and 
if he got on his track to follow him wherever he went, and to capture or kill 
him without fail. 

At Abbyville he became satisfied that Davis had already crossed the Ocmul- 
gee, and ascertained that the 1st Wisconsin Cavalry was following him closely 
in the direction of Irwinsville. With 153 of the best mounted men of the reg- 
iment he folluwed the line of the Ocniulgee for some miles, and then took a 
bridle path or blind road through the woods towards Irwinsville, and arrived 
at that place about 2 o'clock A. M. on the 10th, and found that Davis had not 
yet passed. Pretending to be a part of his escort, Colonel Pritchard gained 
information from a rebel citizen that Davis was encamped in the woods about 
three-fourths of a mile north of the town. The camp was at once surrounded, 
and at about 3 o'clock A. M. the force closed in and captured him and his 
party. Davis attempted to escape disguised in his wife's traveling cloak, with 
a shawl thrown over his head. 

*' Weave him a mantle of burning shame. 
Stamp on his forehead that dreadful name, 
Which deeds like his inscribe in blood, — 
A traitor to man! a traitor to God! 

"Plait him a crown of the flower that comes 
In the ashes that lie o'er burned homes! 
Let his sceptre be the smoking brand 
Which his iiat sent throughout the land!" 

Keport of Colonel Pritchard to the Secretary of War, covering the pursuit 

and capture of Davis : 

Headquarteks 4th Mich. Oav't Detachment, [ 
Washington, D, C, May 25, 1865. ] 

Hon. E. M. Stanton, Sec'y of War, Washington, D. C: 

Sib. — I have the honor to report that in obedience to orders received from Colonel R. 
H. G. Minty, commanding division, I left Macon, Ga., at 8 o'clock P. M. on the 7th inst., 
in command of the 4th Michigan Cavalry, with a numerical strength of 419 men and 20 
officers, with directions to move down the south bank of the Ocmulgee river from 75 to 
100 miles; to take possession of all the ferries below Hawkinsville; picket the river as far 
as the strength of my regiment would permit, and to scout the country on both sides of 
the river for the purpose of capturing Jeff. Davis and party, who was reported to have 
left Washington, Ga., on the morning of the 4th inst., traveling southwestward with an 
intention of crossing the Ocmulgee at some point between Hawkinsville and Jacksonville, 
or to capture any other government parties who might be fleeuig from Riclimond in that 
direction. I marched the command all night and until 8 o'clock A. M. of the 8th inst., 
having marched thirty-six miles, when I halted live hours, rested and fed my command. 
Moving on again at 1 o'clock P. M., I marched fifteen miles further and encamped for the 
night three miles below Hawkinsville, having marched 51 niilt's inside of 24 hours, includ- 
ing all halts. At 4 o'clock A. M. of the 9th inst., I moved my command out in the direc- 
tion of Abbyville, whifh place I reached at 3 o'clock P. M., and where I discovered the 
first traces of the object of our search. Hero I learned that a train of twelve wagons and 
two ambulances had crossed tlie Ocmulgee river at Brown's ferry, li miles above Abby- 
ville, about 12 o'clock on the previous night; had stopped at Abbyville long enough to 
feed their animals, and moved on again before daylight in the direction of Irwinsville. 

I here met Lieutenant Colonel Harnden, of the 1st Wisconsin Cavalry, who informed 
me that he, vvitli a force of 70 men was following on the track of the train, and that his 
men were lioni one to two hours in advance, and as Colonel H. said he iuui ample force to 
contend witii lliat supposed to be with the train, I decided not to move on the same road 
with him, and continued my course three miles further down the river, where I learned 
additional facts regarding the character of the train and the parties with it, which con- 
vinced me that it belonged to some of the parties for whom we were looking, and at onco 



680 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

determined to pursue by another road which I had also learned of after leaving Colonel 
H., which led into Irwinsville by a circuitous route, believing that if they were hard 
pressed at any time they would pass from road to road to baffle the efforts of their pursu- 
ers, and as they were reported as doiut;: before crossing the river. Accordingly I ordered 
a detail of 128 men and 7 officers (besides myself), of the best mounted men in the com- 
mand, leaving the rest of the regiment under command of Captain Hathaway, directing 
him to picket the river, scout the country etc., in accordance with former orders. 

At 4 o'clock I put the column in motion, moving down the river road a distance of 12 
miles to a point known as Wilcox's Mills. Thence by a blind woods road, through an 
almost unbroken waste of pine forest for a distance of 18 miles in a southwesterly direc- 
tion to Irwinsville, which was reached about 1 o'clock on the morning of the lUth inst. 
Here passmg my command as Confederate, and inquiring for 'our train,' representing that 
we were a rear guard left to fight back the Yankees, etc., I learned from the inhabitants 
that a train and party meeting the description of the one reported to me at Abbyville had 
encamped about dark, the night previous, about IJ miles out on the Abbyville road. I at 
once turned the bead of my column in that direction, impressing a negro for a guide. 
After moving to within 1^ miles of camp I halted under cover of a slight eminence, dis- 
mounted 25 men and sent them, under command of Lieutenant Purinton, to make the circuit 
of the camp and gain a position in its rear, and thus cut off all possibility of escape, and with 
special directions to execute the movement if possible without discovery, but if discov- 
ered and an alarm was raised, I would immediately charge the camp from the front, when 
he was to operate with his command from any point which he might occupy. That if no 
alarm was raised I should consider that he had gained the position directed, where he was 
to rest until I should commence the attack from the front. I had not decided at this time 
whether to move upon the camp at once or to wait until daylight; but, upon further con- 
sideration, decided to delay it, as it was now alter 2 o'clock in the morning, the moon was 
getting low, and the deep shadows of the forest were falling heavily, rendering it easy 
for persons to escape undiscovered to the woods and swamps in the darkness. After 
waitmg an hour or more, and just as the earliest dawn appeared, I put the column in 
motion and was enabled to approach within four or five rods of the camp undiscovered, 
when a dash was ordered, and in an instant the whole camp, with its inmates, was ours. 
A chain of mounted guards was immediately thrown around the camp, and dismounted 
sentries placed at the tents and wagons. The surprise was so complete, and the move- 
ment so sudden, that none of the enemy were able to make the slightest defense, or even 
arouse from their slumbers in time to grasp their weapons which were lying by their sides 
before they were wholly in our power, 

"At this moment a new scene opened, destined in its mournful results to cloud the 
otherwise perfect and glorious success of our expedition. We had held possession of the 
camp but a few minutes, and not long enough to ascertain the extent of our capture, when 
sharp firing was commenced between the dismounted force under Lieutenant Purinton 
and what was supposed at the time to be the rebel force guarding the train. The firing 
was about 100 rods in rear of the camp, and across a narrow swamp. I immediately 
ordered all my forces to the scene of the firing, leaving only sufficient to guard the camp 
and prisoners. On arriving upon the ground I found my men engaging a force of dis- 
mounted men, who were concealed behind trees, etc. I at once formed my men in Une, 
dismounted them, threw out a line of skirmishers who were advancing handsomely, when 
I became apprehensive that we were contending with some of our own men, from the 
determination displayed on their part and the peculiar report of their fire-arms. I 
ordered my men at once to cease firing, and rode over toward our opponents and 
hallooed to' them, asking who they were, and received the reply, ' 1st Wisconsin.' This 
mistake was not discovered untilit cost the lives of two men killed and a lieutenant severely 
wounded in the 4th Michigan, and three men severely and several slightly wounded in the 
1st Wisconsin. 

This lamentable accident arose principally from the refusal of the sergeant in charge of 
the advance guard of the 1st Wisconsin to give a proper response to the challenge of 
Lieutenant Purinton, and partially from the over zeal of both parties, each supposing 
they had met the enemy, and it was yet so dark in the woods that it was impossible to 
distinguish the uniforms of the men. 

As soon as the firing had ceased, I returned to camp and took an inventory of our cap- 
ture, when I ascertained that we had captured Jeff. Davis, his wife, and four children, 
John H. Reagan, his postmaster general. Colonels Johnson and Lubbock, A. D. C.'s to 
Dayis, Burton N. Harrison, his private secretary. Major Maurand, Captain Moody, Lieu- 
tenant Hathaway, Jeff. D. Howell, midshipman in tiie rebel navy, and 13 private soldiers, 
besides Miss Maggie Howell, sister of Mrs. Davis, two waiting maids (one white and one 
colored), and several servants. We also captured 5 negroes, 3 ambulances, about 15 
horses, and from 25 to 30 mules. The train was mostly loaded with couuuissary stores 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 681 

and private baggage of the pai-ty. Upon returning to camp I was accosted by Davis 
from among the prisoners, who aslvcd if I was the officer in command. Upon assuring 
him that I was, and asking whom I was to call him, he replied that I might call him 'what 
or whoever I pleased,' when I replied that I would call him Davis, and, after a moment's 
hesitation, he said that was his name. He suddenly drew himself up in true royal dig- 
nity and exclaimed: ' I suppose that you consider it bravery to charge a train of defense- 
less women and children, but it is theft; it is vandalism.' 

"After allowing the prisoners time to prepare breakfast, I mounted them on their own 
horses, taking one of the ambulances for my wounded and one of the wagons for the 
dead, using the other two ambulances for the conveyance of the women and children, and 
started on my return by the direct route to Abbyville, where I arrived at sunset of the 
same day. Here I halted for the night and called in the rest of my regiment from its 
duty along the river, and resumed my march toward Macon at an earlv hour on the 
morning of the 11th inst., after having buried our dead and performed the last solemn 
rites of the soldier over his fallen comrades, sending couriers In advance to announce the 
success of the expedition. 

" On the afternoon of the 11th, and when several miles below Hawklnsville, we met the 
rest of our brigade just coming out from Macon, and received from them the lirst knowl- 
edge of the President's proclamation, accompanied by General Wilson's order, offering a 
reward for the capture of Davis, etc. 

" Eetaining my independent command, I continued my march to Macon, where I arrived 
at 3 o'clock P. M. on the 13th inst. While yet on the march, and nine miles out of town, 
I received orders, by courier, to provide myself with a special detail of 3 ollleers and 20 
men from my regiment and prepare to depart at once for Washington, as special escort 
for Davis and party; also to take 150 men to act as train guard as far as Atlanta. 

"I left Macon by special train at 7 o'clock on the evening of the 13th, under the direc- 
tion of Major General Wilson, having turned over all the private soldiers captuied with 
Davis and party except two, and received an accession of Clement C. Clay and wife. 

" Arriving at Atlanta at daylight on the morning of the 14th, I found a train and guard 
in readiness to convey and escort the party to Augusta, where we arrived at sunset of 
the same day, finding carriages and everything in readiness to convey us to the steamer 
Standish, lying four miles below the city. We arrived on board at 8 o'clock, when I 
received Alexander H. Stevens and Major General Wheeler and staff, and immediately 
sailed for Savannah, where we arrived at 1 o'clock A. M. on the 16th. 

"Reported to General Burge, and at 4 o'clock A. M. the steamer Emile was ordered 
along side, and the prisoners and guard were transferred on board, when she immediately 
steamed for Hilton Head. When opposite Fort Jackson we met the steamer Coit, with 
with General Gilmore on board, to whom I reported, and when we reached Savannah he 
telegraphed to Hilton Head for the steamer Clyde to be got in readiness at once to receive 
the prisoners and convey them to Washington. Upon our arrival wo found all things in 
readiness, and the transfer from the Emile to the Clyde took place immediately, and at 3 
o'clock P. M. of the 16lh we put to sea, under convoy of the steam sloop-of-war Tuscarora. 
AiTiving off Fortress Monroe at noon of the 19th inst., I immediately proceeded to shore 
and telegraphed my arrival to the Adjutant General, and received orders in reply to 
anchor out and await further orders. At midnight of the same day I received further 
orders from yourself, saying that General Halleck would be there at noon on the '20th to 
arrange for the final disposition of the prisoners. We remained on board the ship until 
the 22d inst., disposing meanwhile of all the prisoners except Davis, Clay, and families, 
in obedience to orders from General Halleck, and as per receipts in my possession. On 
the afternoon of that day the prisoners, Davis and Clay, were transferred, under orders 
from the same source, to the casemates of Fortress Monroe, and turned over to Brevet 
Major General Miles, the 4th Michigan Cavaliy acting as special escort, after which it 
was temporarily assigned quarters witliin the fort. 

"On the afternoon of the 23d I received orders from the War Department, through 
General Miles, directing me to procure the disguise worn by Davis at the time of his cap- 
ture, and proceed to Washington and report to the Secretary of War. Accordingly I went 
over to the steamer Clyde and received from Mrs. Davis a lady's waterproof cloak or 
robe, which Mrs. Davis said was worn by Davis as a disguise at the time of his cap- 
ture, and which was identified by the men who saw It on him at the time. On the morning 
following the balance of the disguise was procured, which consisted of a shawl, which waa 
indentified, and admitted to be the one by .Mrs. Davis. These articles I brought to Wash- 
ington and turned them over to the Secretary of War. 

" This closes my account of the capture and custody, up to the time of his being tuniod 
over to the United States authorities, of the great conspirator and traitor Jefferson Davis. 
But I would not close this report without recording my evidence of the high merits due 
to every officer and soldier in the command for their earnest zeal and untiring i)or- 

86 



688 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

severance through many sleepless nights and long, weary marches, going entirely without 
food for forty-eight consecutive hours; and it is with great consolation that I am able to 
state that whatever efforts were put forth, either by individuals or by the command, for 
the capture of Davis, they were not called forth by the glitter of gold, or excited by 
prospective rewards, but were actuated solely by patriotism, and the highest sense of the 
soldier's duty, for no knowledge of the President's proclamation, or General Wilson's 
order, offering rewards for the capture of Davis, were received until two days after the 
capture. 

"It is indeed hard to individualize where all have done their whole duty, but still I 
would make special mention of those assigned to important duties, and who performed 
those duties well, among whom are Captain Hathaway, commanding that part of the reg- 
iment picketing the river; Captain Charles T. Hudson, in command of advance guard of 
fourteen picked men, and who led the column into the camp; Lieutenants Silas J. Stauber 
and Henry S. Boutelle, who were commanding fifty men each in detachments, the latter 
of whom was severely wounded whilst gallantly leading his men; Lieutenant A. B. Pur- 
inton, who had charge of dismounted men, making the circuit of the enemy's camp; 
Lieutenants Dickinson and Davis, for general duties as aids, and Bennett, commanding 
rear guard. All the above oflScers are entitled to the highest praise, and in my judgment 
deserve promotion. 

I would also mention the names of Corporals Hunger, of Company C, Crittenden, of 
Company E, together with privates James Buliard, Company C, Adrian Bee and Daniel 
Edwards, Company L, who were present at the halting of Davis, besides several others- 
whose names 1 did not obtain before leaving the regiment. 

In conclusion, at the request of the adjutant general that I should state in my report 
to whom, in my judgment, the reward offered by the government ought to be given, I 
would say that in view of all the facts I am convinced that to no one individual does it 
justly belong, for whilst one man might have been fortunate enough to have said ' halt' 
to Davis first, it was while he was yet within the regular line of sentries thrown around 
the camp, and while some man was doing this (of which there are several claimants), 
others were performing equally important duties in guarding, fighting, etc., and I feel 
that in no case should the reward be granted to a less number than the 128 men and 8 
officers who were actually present at the time of Davis's capture, and I am inclined to 
the opinion that it should be distributed to the 419 men and 20 officers comprising the 
expedition ; and when I say this I believe I utter the wishes of a majority of the officers- 
and men. 

For the guidance of the department I recapitulate to the following extent, viz: 

speoiaij dstahi, pbeseni at oafxubb. 

1 lieutenant colonel. 

1 captain. 

i first Ueutenants. 

2 second lieutenants. 
128 inlisted men. 

PICKETING KIVER, SOOtTTINQ COUNTRY, ETC. 

1 captain. 
6 first lieutenants. 
5 second lieutenants. 
291 enlisted men. 
Total commissioned, 20. 
Total enlisted, 419. 

With these remarks, the whole is respectfully submitted, and I have the honor to sub- 
scribe myself, 

Very respectfully, your obedient servant, 

B. D. PKITCHARD, 
Lieutenant Colonel 4th Michigan Cavalry. 

Copy of the original letter written with a pencil by Colonel Pritchard,. 
announcing the capture of Jefferson Davis: 

Headquaetebs 4th Michigan Cavalry, | 
Abbeville, Ga., May 11th, 1865. ) 

Captain Scott, A. A. A. (?., 2d Division, C. C. M. D. M.: 

Sir, —I liave the honor to report that at daylight yesterday, at Irwinsville, I surprised, 
and captured Jeff. Davis and family, together with his wife's sister and brother, his post- 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 683 

master general (Reagan), his private secretaiy (Colonel Harrison), Colonel Johnson, A. 
D. C. on Jeff.'s staff, Colonel Morris, Colonel Lubbock, Lieutenant Hathaway, also 
several unimportant names, and a train of five wagons and three ambulances, making a 
most perfect success, had not a most painful mistake occurred by which tlif 4tli Michitran 
and 1st Wisconsin collided, which cost us two men killed and Lifutenant Boutflle 
wounded through the arm, in the 4th Michigan, and three men wounded in the 1st Wis- 
consin. This occurred just at daylight, after we had captured the camp, by the advance 
of the 1st Wisconsin not properly answering our challenge, by which they were mistaken 
for tiie enemy. I returned to this point last niglit, and shall move right on to Macoa 
without awaiting orders from you as directed, feeling that the whole objects of the expe- 
dition are accomplished. It will take at least three days to reach Macon, as we are 75 
miles out and our stock is much wearied. I hope to reach Hawkinsville to-night. 
I have the honor, sir, to be, very respectfully, your obudienl servant, 

B. D. PRITCHARD, 
LietUenant Colonel 4th Michigan. 

The following are the names of the officers and men of the regiinuiit who 
were present at the capture of Davis and party on the morning of the 10th of 
May, 1865: 

Lieutenant Colonel Benjamin D. Pritchard, commanding. Julian Q. Dickinson, adju- 
tant. Perry J. Davis, quartermaster. Charles T. Hudson, captain Compuiiy E. Henry 
S. Boutelle, first Ueutenant Company C. Silas J. Stauber, first lieutenant Company G. 
Alfred B. Purinton, second lieutenant Company I. John Bennett, second lieutenant 
Company B. 

Company A — Sergeants Thomas Davis, Thomas Eiley, George A. Simmons, Rezin 
Wright. Corporals Darwin Dunning, Robert L. Reynolds, Lyman J. Russell. Privates 
William Balon, Daniel C. Blinn, Gilbert Coata, James Fullertou, Casper Enable, Philo 
Morse, Charles W. Nichols, Henry Provost, George Rinke. 

Company B— Sergeants A. A. Braley, E. A. Ford. Corporals B. B. Bennett, William 
Crow, C. F. Parker, J. F. Sherburne, U. B. Tuttle. Privates Augustus Armsirong, J. A. 
Boutelle, Frank Crim, John Nichols, A. L. Shepherd, W. P. Steadman, William V. Wood, 
L. H. Willcox. 

Company C — Corporals David J. Curry, George M. Munger, Reuben Palmerton, Abrara 
Sebring. Privates James F. BuUard, David Dillon, Frank C. Leach, James H. Lynch, 
Steplien B. Munson (killed), Rensselaer Riggs, John Rupert, Harmon Stevens, WiUiam 
J. Smith. 

Company D — Corporal James H. Place. Privates John Brown, Thomas Hunter, Burt 
Judson, Horace C. Jenney, William H. J. Martin, Jacob E. Munn, William Parker, Fran- 
cis E. Thompson, Z. H. Wilcox. 

Company E — Sergeants George A. BuUard, David B. Green. Corporals Dewltt C. 
Carr, William H. Crittenden, John Hlnes, (killed), Charles W. Tyler. Privates Silas Bul- 
lard, George F. Delmange, WLUlam F. Drlesmau, Henry Johnson, Robert G. Tripp, 
John G. Stevens, Peter Lagorney, Oscar E. Tefft. 

Company F — Sergeant John Correnton. Corporals DeWltt C. Cobb, William F. True. 
Privates Joseph Bellinger, Henry Bradock, Dennis Drescoe, Henry Tricky, John F. 
Grossman, Ira Harrington, Jr., Homer Hazelton, B. Franklin Nichols, James Patterson, 
George Raab, William Wright. 

Company G— Sergeants John Cavanaugh, Jeremiah H. Craig, Jacob N. Frash, James F. 
O'Brien, William H. Palmeteer. Corporals John Ballou, George Myers, Leander B. Shaw, 
George W. VanSyckle. Privates Daniel Graham, David Cunningham, Joslma Parks, 
Cary Reed, John A. Skinner, Joseph Odrln. 

Company I— Sergeants Lester P. Bates, Elias F. Pierce. Corporals Preston W. Brown, 
Jerome B. Heath. Privates George W. Rodwell, Martm L. Brown, George M. Dutchor, 
William Dill, Charles Flugger, Daniel E. Krunim, Patrick McKennedy, Charles W. Mid- 
daugh, Hiram McCullough, Martin R. Pettit, Luke M. Thayer. 

Company K— Sergeant Ansel Adams. Corporal Alonzo Moe. Privates Thomas Foiley, 
Decatur Jaycox, John H. Kelch, Edwin Mable, Smith B. Mills. James R. Norton, Jacob 

D. Newlth, John Nelson, Enoch L. Rhodes, Nathaniel Root. 

Company L— Sergeants Benjamin K. Coif, Joseph Hoffmaster. Corporals Charles 0. 
Marsh, William Oliver. Privates Andrew Bee, Benjamin F. Carpenter, Daniel Edwards, 

E. Lane, J. W. Llndsley, William Munn, WilUam Newkirk, George Noggle, Perry Phelps, 
Jesse J. Penfield, Joseph Stewart. 

Company M—Flrst Sergeant Wesley D. Pond. Corporals Simeon Huff, Henry Shan- 
ahan. Privates Andrew Anderson, Robert Arnold, Emanuel Beazan, John Vautyle. 



684 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

A commission was appointed by the War Department, which decided that 
the 4th Michigan cavalry was entitled to the reward for the capture of Davis, 
and directed how it should be distributed. But when the appropriation came 
before Congress a claim was set up by the 1st Wisconsin cavalry, which 
deferred the passage of the bill from time to time until the close of the session, 
July, 1868, when the bill authorizing the expenditure was finally passed. The 
claim of the 4th Michigan was ably advocated by the Michigan delegation, but 
the matter was so managed by Congress that the award of the commission, so 
far as the money in question was concerned, was set aside and the amount 
distributed as follows: General Wilson, commanding U. S. cavalry in that 
region of country, 83,000; Lieutenant Colonel Pritchard, 4th Michigan, 
$3,000; Colonel Harnden, 1st Wisconsin cavalry, 13,000; Captain Joseph A. 
Yoeman, 1st Ohio cavalry, $3,000. The remainder of the $1*0, 000 was dis- 
tributed equally to the members of these organizations then with the expedi- 
tion. 

The 4th gained a national reputation and a world-wide notoriety by the 
capture of Davis. It was the accomplishment of an eminently siiecial and 
important duty, for the nation, so distinctive and definite in its character, as 
to render a like service impossible, giving it a place in the history of Uie war 
without a parallel. 

The camp in which Davis and his family were found was pleasantly situated, 
surrounded by a thick pine forest, close to a small swamp, and not far from a 
running brook, affording healthful refreshment for the weary fugitives who 
rested near its banks. In the camp were standing three wall tents in line, 
parallel with the road, and facing in the opposite direction, while the nanow 
space between the tents and it was occupied by several horses, without equip- 
ments. Still beyond and in advance of this line of tenls was a small lent, 
pitched against a large tree. In this cluster of tents, reposing all unconscious 
of the impending danger, lay Davis and his family, together with his militaiy 
staff. 

Near by was the rest of the camp, and what seemed to be troops, with army 
wagons, ambulances, horses, and cavalry equipments. 

The regiment charged into camp just at early dawn, completely surprising 
them, and made the arrest. A few guarded the tents, wliile the main force 
was called off by an unfortunate collision between a portion of. the force and 
the 1st Wisconsin Cavalry, which had been mistaken for the enemy while 
advancing on tlie camp. 

The prisoners were then secured, and apparently resigned to their fate. 
They seemed cheerful, and chatted pleasantly here and there with the soldiers. 

The camp was soon broken up, and after a brief rest and breakfast tlie male 
prisoners were mounted on their own horses, Mis. Davis, family, and servants 
were placed in the ambulances, Mr. Davis politely assisting the ladies. 

On the march to Macon Davis talked but little to any of the command, his 
requests being made througli the medium of his staff. While in camp at night 
he was very securely guanled, and no possible opportunity presented for his 
escape. Once Colonel Lubbock, of his staff, requested that Mr. Davis be per- 
mitted to occu])y a house during the night outside the camp, but Colonel 
Pritchard, suspecting at once that it was to afford an opportunity for Davis to 
escape, sent an otiicer to inform him that sucli requests must not be repeated. 

A soldier of the regiment immediately after euLoring camp on the morning 
of the capture, seeing a fine horse saddled and bridled, with holsters and 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. G85 

valise, and held by a black man in front of one of the tents, at once rode up 
and secured the animal. This proved to be Davis's well trained and fleetest 
saddle horse, wliich this soldier, being in Richmond when the war broke out, 
claimed to recogni/.e. At all events he was no doubt held in readiness at the 
time, and probably at all times while on the march, for the escape of the 
great Confederate. 

This soldier took charge of and rode the horse to Macon, and while on the 
way approached Davis and said : *'Mr. Davis, you won't need this horse any 
more, hadn't you better give him to me?" Colonel Johnston of Davis's staff 
being near, rode up in great haste, and in much passion hurriedly and imper- 
tinently said : ** Hov) dare you insult the President in this manner ?" " Pres- 
ident!" said the soldier, most coutempuously, " H 1! what's he President 

of?" 

After arriving in camp at Macon, this soldier accidentally, as he claimed, 
shot the horse, but the impression prevailed in the regiment that it was inten- 
tional, having ascertained that he would not be allowed to retain him as his 
own. 

On arriving at Macon, Colonel Pritchard, Captain Hudson, Lieutenant 
Stauber, and Lieutenant Purinton, with 22 men, were detailed to escort Davis 
to Washington, D. C. Pritchard proceeded with his charge via Atlanta and 
Augusta to Savannah, thence by steamer Clyde to Fortress iMonroe, where he 
received orders from the War Department through General Halleck, who was 
present, to deliver Davis to Major General Miles, and he was accordingly trans- 
ferred, on May 22d, from the steamer to the casemates of the fortress. 

The imprisonment of Davis was specially in charge of General Miles, 
under whose orders it was carried into effect, while the details of the duty con- 
nected with it were directed by Colonel N. Church of the 26th Michigan 
Infantry, his Assistant Adjutant General, who, together with Major Charles 
E. Grisson, of the same regiment, were retained in service for that duty by 
special authority of the War Department after the regiment to which they 
belonged had been mustered out of service. 

The regiment remained at Macon until the 21st, when it was started en 
route for home, feeling that in the capture of Jeff. Davis it had indeed finished 
its work. It passed Lovejoy's Station, where nearly twelve months before it 
had, during the Kilpatrick raid, made its bloody charge; thence it passed 
Atlanta, Marietta, Kenesaw, Big Shanty, Noonday Creek, Altoona, Kingston, 
Dalton, Chickamauga, ^'^^^ttanooga, Tullahoma, Shelbyville, Murfreesboro, 
Stone Kiver, and on the 17th of June reached Nashville. At all of these 
points it had been previously engaged with the enemy. On the 1st of July 
the regiment was mustered out of service and paid off at Nasiu'ille, and in 
command of Colonel Pritchard immediately proceeded, via Louisville, to 
Detroit, arriving thereon the 10th of July. 

During its term of service it had engaged the enemy at Stamford, Ky., 
October 14, 1802; Gallatin, Tenn., November 8, 1802; Ix'banon, Ti'un., 
November 9, 1802; Rural Hill, Tenn., ISuvcmber 15, lh02; liaird's Mill, 
Tenn., November 30, 1802; Hollow Tree Gap, Tenn., December 4, 1802; Wil- 
son's Creek Road, Tenn., December 11, 1802; Franklin, Tenn., December 12, 
1802; Rural Hill, Tenn., December 20, 1802; Wilson's Creek, Tenn., Decem- 
ber 21, 1862; Lavergne, Tenn., December 20, 1862; Jefferson's Bridge, Tenn., 
December 27, 1862; Nashville Pike, Tenn., December 30, 1802; Stone River, 
Tenn., December 31, 1802; Lavergne, Tenn., January 1, 1863; Manchester 



€86 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

Pike, Tenn., January 5, 1863; Harpeth River, Tenn., January 12, 1863; 
Cumberland Shoals, Tenn., January 13, 1863; Bradyville, Tenn., January 21, 
1863; Woodbury, Tenn., January 22, 1863; Rover, Tenn., January 31, f863 ; 
Charlotte, Tenn., February 6, 1863; Rover, Tenu., February 13, 1863; 
Auburn, Tenn., February 19, 1863; Liberty, Tenn., February 20, 1863; 
Unionville, Tenn., March 4, 1863; Thompson's Station, Tenn., A^irch 9, 
1863; Rutherford Creek, Tenn., March 10, 1863; Uuck River, Tenn., March 

11, 1863; Prosperity Church, Tenn., April 2, 1863; Snow Hill, Tenn., April 
4, 1865; McMinnville, Tenn., April 21, 1863; Liberty, Tenn., April 3, 1863; 
Statesville, Tenn., April 22. 1863; Alexandria, Tenn., April 23. 1863; War- 
trace, Tenn., April 29, 1863; Middletown, -Tenu., May 22, 1863; Wartrace, 
Tenn., June 3, 1863 ; Versailles, Tenn., June 10, 1863 ; Cherry Valley, Tenn., 
June 16, 1863 ; Shelbyville, Tenn., June 27, 1863; Hickory Creek, Tenn., 
July 4, 1863; Tullahoma, Tenu., Julv 5, 1863; Rock island, Tenn., August 
2, 1863 ; Sparta, Tenn., August 9, 1863; Sperry's Mill, Tenn., August 17, 
1863; Smith's Cross Roads, Tenn., August21, 1863; Reed's Bridge, Ga., Sep- 
tember 18, 1863; Chickamauga, Ga., September 19, 20, 21, 1863; Rossville, 
Ga., September 22, 1863; Cotton Port, Tenn., September 30, 1863; Smith's 
Cross Roads, Tenn., October 1, 1863; Hill Creek, Tenn., October 3, 1863; 
McMinnville, Tenn., October 4, 1863; Chattanooga, Tenn., November 17, 
1863; Mission Ridge, Tenn., November 25, 1863; Cleveland, Tenu., December 

12, 1863; Tunnel Hill, Ga., January 28, 1864; Farmer's Bridge, Ga., May 15, 
1864; Aruu^pl Creek, Ga., May 16, 1864; Kingston, Ga., May 18, 1864; Dal- 
las, Ga., May 24, 1864; Villa Rica, Ga., May 26, 1864; Lost Mountain, Ga., 
May 27, 1864; Big Shanty, Ga., June 9, 1864; McAffee's X Roads, Ga., June 

11, 1864; Noonday Creek, Ga., June 19, 1864; Lattimer's Mills, Ga., June 20, 
1864; Noonday Creek, Ga,, June 23, 1864; Kenesaw Mountain, Ga., June 27, 
1864; Rosswell, Ga., July 4, 1864; I^banon Mills, Ga., July 14, 1864; Stone 
Mountain, Ga., July 18, 1864; Covington, Ga., July 22, 1864; Flat Rock, Ga., 
July 27, 28, 1864; siege of Atlanta, Ga., August 1 to 14, 1864; Fair Oaks, 
Ga., August 19, 1864; Jonesboro, Ga., August 19, 1864; Lovejoy's Station, 
Ga., August 20, 1864; McDonough's, Ga., August 20, 1864; Rosswell, Ga., 
September 26, 1864; Sweet Water, Ga., October 2, 1864; Moses Creek, Ga., 
Octobers, 1864; Lost Mountain, Ga., October 5, 1864; New Hope Church, 
Ga., October 7, 1864; Stilesboro, Ga., October 11, 1864; Rome, Ga., October 

12, 1864; Blue Pond, Ga., October 21, 1864; Selma, Ala., April 2, 1865; 
Double Bridges, Ga., April 18, 1865; Macon, Ga., April 20, 1865; capture of 
Jeff. Davis, Ga., May 10, 1865. 

It had borne on its rolls 93 commissioned officers and 2,124 enlisted men, 
and lost 1 ofi&cer and 81 men killed in action, 2 officers and 13 men died of 
wounds received in action, 1 officer and 327 men died of disease. Total, 375. 

" Where hearts like thine have brolie or bled, 
Though quenched the vital glow, 
Their memory lights a flame, instead, 
Wliich, ev'n from out the narrow bed 

Of death its beams shall throw. 
Thou art not dead -thou art not dead!" 



NoTKs. — The history of this regiment will be found the most complete in this compilation 
and is attributable to the great care taken by Colonel Minty, the result of valuable early 
military training, in having made out and transmitted to the adjutant general of the 
State, duplicates of all monthly returns, containing a history of the operations of the 
regiment during its entire sei-vice, togetlier witli special reports on the same subject, and 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 687 

Including all the reports of Colonel Minty coverinf; the services of his bri^rade, to which 
the regiment belonged. 

Great credit is also due to Adjutants Levi T. GriflSn and Julian J. Dickenson, for their 
laborious and most successful efforts In keeping and writing up the account of the ser- 
vices of the regiment, without which much valuable history would have been lost. It is 
but justice to them to state that their regimental reports, including this history, are the 
most correct and complete of any regiment In the war, from this State. 

On the 20th of %pril, 1865, the 2d division, to which the regiment was attached being In 
the advance after marching twenty-seven miles, found the enemy, and driving him rapidly 
for eighteen miles, at about 6 P. M. the advance regiment entered Macon at the gallop, 
surprising a battalion of rebel cavalry and receiving the unconditional suirender of Major 
General Howell Cobb, with his entire force, consisting of Ave general offlceis, three hun- 
dred and seventy-four other commissioned ofBcers, and nineteen hundred and ninety-four 
men, with sixty-two pieces of artillery, together with large and Important arsenals, foun- 
dries, and machine shops. 

Soon after the arrival of the 4th at Macon, information was received through negroes 
that on the approach of the dreaded Yankee, guns had been hurriedly buried in the small- 
pox cemetery. Search was made under the direction of Colonel Minty by the members 
of the regiment who did not fear the infectious disease nor anything else, the grave was 
found marked small-pox, and on opening it four guns were discovered and duly disin- 
terred, neither of them showing the least of that much feared disease. They consisted 
of two bronze rifles and two brass howitzers weighing 150 pounds each. They were dis- 
tributed to several regiments, the 4th Michigan receiving one, which was given to the 
State by the regiment, and is now In the armory at Lansing. 

These guns were breech-loaders of beautiful manufacture, and were intended to com- 
pose a battery suitable for cavalry and available for transporting either on horses or in 
■wagons. 

The gun was invented by Captain Travis, having before the war a great reputation as a 
pistol shot, and it is said that when the battery should be completed it would cost $164,- 
000, probably in confederate scrip, however, and the battery was to be built by subscrip- 
tion, and when finished was Intended for presentation to General N. B. Forrest, the noted 
cavalry commander. 

It appears that Captain Travis was engaged In the completion of the battery when the 
war collapsed. 

It was named the " Stockton cannon " In honor of Commodore Stockton, U. S. Navy, 
■who, most likely, was an old friend of Travis before the war. 

This small cannon was expected to be a most terrible engine of destruction, and before 
a board of survey at Mobile, a few months prior to the close of the war, the first gun 
finished was tested with a most satisfactory result. The sohd shot It throws is elongated, 
weighing two pounds, while it is said to be so constructed that it will throw any kind of a 
missile, and to be capable of throwing solid shot two miles, and can be loaded 21 times a 
minute. It is also said to be so arranged that cartridges containing musket balls may be 
hurled a great distance. 

The elegant workmanship on it and the fine material of which it is made do not warrant 
the most remote idea that It was manufactured in the rebel States during the war, but 
must have been imported. 



EIGHTH REGIMENT CAVALR^. 



"Uplift the flag; let not a star 

Be sundered from the field of blue! 
With fond lips kiss each sacred bar 

That runs our deathless emblem through." 

The rendezvous of the 8th Oavah-y was at Mount Clemens, and was recruited 
under the direction of Colonel John Stockton, who was authorized by the Sec- 
retary of War, with the sanction of the Governor, to raise the regiment. 

Its recruitment commenced in August, 1863, and was mustered into the U» 
S. service on May 2, 1863, having on the rolls 1,117 officers and enlisted men, 
and left the State by detachments in that month under orders for the field in 
Kentucky, the first detachment, composed of eight squadrons, in command of 
Lieutenant Colonel Wornier, leaving on the 12th of May. 

The ladies of Mount Clemens gave to the 8th a few days before it left a val- 
uable silk standard, with the name of the regiment finely written in gold. The 
presentation, on their behalf, was made by Robert P. Eldridge of that city, in 
a short but appropriate speech, to which Colonel John Stockton, commanding 
the regiment, replied. 

FIEIiD AND STAFF. 

John Stockton, Mt. Clemens, Colonel. Grover S. Wormer, Detroit, Lieutenant Colonel. 
Heniy C. Edgerly, Mt. Clemens, Edward Coates, Pontiac, and Elisha Mix, Maniius, Ma- 
jors, John B. K. Mignault, Mt. Clemens, Surgeon. Hiram M. Snell, Armada, and 
Charles G. Robertson, Waterford, Assistant Surgeons. Edward Fishpool, Chesterfield, 
Adjutant. John S. Smith, Armada, Quartermaster. Watson B. Smith, Detroit, Commis- 
sary. Benjamin F. Doughty, Sturgis, Chaplaui. 

COMPANIES. 

A. Captain, William L. Buck, Marshall. First Lieutenant, James A. Strong, Burling- 
ton. (Second Lieutenant, Erwin Ellis, Burlington. 

B. Captain, Miles Warren, Pontiac. First Lieutenant, Smedley Wilkinson, Quinoy. 
Second Lieutenant, Henry L. Sillick, Quincy. 

C. Captain, Fairfield Goodwin, East Bloomfield. First Lieutenant, Jerome B. Calkins, 
Holly. Second Lieutenant, Benjamin Treat, Waterford. 

D. Captain, Adolphus C. Stockton, Mt. Clemens. First Lieutenant, Arthur W. East- 
man, Mt. Clemens. Second Lieutenant, John W. Bennett, Mt. Clemens. 

E. Captain, Andrew J. Abbey, Borneo. First Lieutenant, Charles E. Greble, Almont. 
Second Lieutenant, Robert F. Allen, Plymouth. 

F. Captain, Samuel Wells, Prairie Ronde. First Lieutenant, John E. Babbitt, Allegan. 
Second Lieutenant, James M. Wells, Schoolcraft. 

G. Captain, John M. Crawford, Ray. First Lieutenant, Almiron P. Armstrong, Armada, 
Second Lieutenant, Milton Thompson, Ray. 

H. Captain, James A. Steele, St. Clair. First Lieutenant, Frederick S. Steele, St. 
Clair. Second Lieutenant, John H. Riggs, Detroit. 

I. Captain, Samuel H. Bleakman, Detroit. First Lieutenant, Robert B. Tubbs, Flint. 
Second Lieutenant, Wilham C. D. Lowrie, Detroit. 

(688) 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 689 

K. Captain, William 0. Stockton, Mt. Clemens. Fii-st Lieutenant, John M. Balrd, 
Holly. Second Lieutenant, George Williams, Detroit. 

L. Captain, Charles 0. Lamb, Mt. Clemens. First Lieutenant, Nathan 8. Boynton, 
Cottrellviile. Second Lieutenant, Aaron L. Abbey, Armada. 

M. Captain, Elijah J. Devens, Coldwater. First Lieutenant, Darius Noteman, Cold- 
water. Second Lieutenant, Walter Bumtt, Coldwater. 

Leaving Covington, Kentucky, June 1st, the regiment, in command of Col- 
onel Stockton, who had joined it May 26th witli the 2d detachment, it went 
immediately into active service, moving to Hickman Bridge, then to Mt. Ster- 
ling, and participated in a skirmish with the enemy at Triplet's Bridge, June 
lUth, where it killed and made prisoners twenty of the enemy, capturing 90 
horses. At Kentucky river captured, killed, and wounded 38, and took 40 
horses; then at Salt river made six prisoners and took four horses. 

The regiment, in command of Lieutenant Colonel Wormer, following Mor- 
gan, he was overtaken at Lebanon on July oih and driven from the town, the 
Sth capturing 21 men and 6 horses. The pursuit was continued through Ken- 
tucky, Indiana, and Ohio, the regiment being engaged for sixteen days in the 
movement, overtaking Morgan at Buffington's Island Ford on July 19th, 
■when it immediately, with other troops, attacked his forces, capturing 573 men, 
killing and wounding a large number, with a loss to the regiment of only three 
wounded. Twice the regiment marched during this chase forty-eight hours 
without halting to feed or rest but once. 

Following is the report of Colonel Wormer covering the march in detail : 

Headquabteks 8th Michigan CAVAiiBx, ) 
In the Field, July 20lh, 1663. J 

Colonel John Stockton, Sth Mich. Cavalry, Commanding Post at Hickman Bridge, Ky.: 

Colonel, — I have the honor to submit the following report of the marches, etc., of the 
Sth Michigan cavalry under my command, since leaving Hickman Bridge, Ky., July 4th, 
1863, to this time. 

Receiving orders on the evening of July 4th, to make a forced march with my command 
to Lebanon, Ky., and there support the garrison threatened by John Morgan, I broke 
camp at 9 o'clock, P. M., pursuant to said orders. I ordered all tents and baggage left 
behind, and but two days' rations in haversacks. 

At 2 o'clock A. M. on the 5th I halted my command for two hours, four miles beyond 
Danville, having marched twenty-four miles. At this place I fell in with the 11th Michi- 
gan battery and 9th Michigan cavalry in command of Colonel James I. David, and he 
being the senier oflBcer I came under his orders. 

At Parksville I halted for feed and water, and was here ordered to follow the Sth cav- 
alry and 11th battery. 

We reached Lebanom at 2 o'clock P. M,, when the 11th battery immediately opened upon 
the rear guard of the enemy then leaving town on the Lexington Pike. My desire to 
charge into the town or cut off the enemy by a cross road not being concurred in by Col- 
onel David, they were permitted to escape without molestation, much to the disappoint- 
ment of my whole command. 

The 20th Kentucky Infantry, Colonel Hanson, had surrendered an hour before our 
arrival, afl.r a most gallant flglit against vastly superior numbers. 

The enemy had burned the railroad depot and station house with several private dwell* 
Ings, and pillaged the principal stores in the town. 

At 8 o'clock the same day I was ordered to countermarch with the 9th cavalry and 11th 
battery to Danville, which place we reached at 4 P. M. of the Gth, making tlio march 
without halt except for feed and water. 

At Danville Colonel W. P. Saunders, Sth Kentucky cavalry, took command of the whole 
force, the 8th and 9th Michigan cavalry constituting a brigade. 

At 12:3U A. M. on the 7th we took up our line of march lor Lawrenceburg, Ky., 43 miles 
distant from Danville. Halting at liairodsburg for breakfabt, we pushed ou, reaching 
Lawrenceburg at 4 o'clock P. M. 

From Lawrenceburg I sent out Lieutenant J. E. Babbitt with fifty men to scout between 
the Kentucky and Salt rivers. On the Salt river near Salvisa, Lleutenmit Babbitt came 
upon Captain Alexander's company, of Morgan's divibiun, and captured thiity, killing 
fourteen. 



690 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

The command remained at Lawrenceberg r.waiting orders until 9 P. M. on the 11th 
Inst., when we took up our line of march for "Westport, via Eminence and Lagrange, 
reaching Westport at 12 o'clocli midnight, having marclied 73 miles over a very rough and 
hilly road, with but four hours' halt at Eminence for rest. 

At Westport, Charles Laturner, private Company G, was accidentally shot through the 
body, and was left at that place under proper care. 

Morgan having crossed the Ohio into Indiana, we took transports oji Sunday morning, 
the 12th inst., for Madison, Indiana, in order to cut him off, leaving behind Company I of 
my command, a portion of the 9th, with all our extra baggage, wagons, etc., in coujmaud 
of Colonel David, not having transportation sufficient for the entire command. At Madi- 
son we found that Morgan had got ahead of us, so we mqved on to Lawrenceburg, Ind., 
when Major Mix was sent to reconnoitre the enemy, learn his force, etc. He proceeded 
to Guilford, ten miles, and reported again in three hours to the entire satisfaction of Gen- 
eral Manson, commanding forces on the transports. 

From Lawrenceburg we moved on to Cincinnati, reaching that city at 5 P. M. on the 
13th inst. 

At Cincinnati Major Edgerly was sent out with his battalion, by Colonel Saunders, on a 
scout, joining us again at Batavia on the 15th, having accomplished his mission with suc- 
cess. Lieutenant Babbitt was also sent ofit two miles from the city to guard a bridge. I 
have not heard from him since that time. 

At 4 o'clock P. M. Colonel Saunders with the balance of his command moved out to 
Evandale, three miles from the city, remaining there until 3: 30 P. M. of same day, when 
he received orders to join Brigadier General Hobson's command In pursuit of Morgan, 
which command we reached sixteen miles north of Cincinnati. From this time we con- 
tinued the pursuit with but short halts for feed and rest for our horses until Sunday 
morning, the 19th instant. After marching all the previous night we came upon the enemy 
at BuflQngton Island Ford, near Portland, Ohio, some 250 miles east of Cincinnati. On 
coming upon the enemy, the 2d and 7th Ohio Cavalry being in front were dismounted and 
deployed as sku-mishers. Our brigade then came up, when Colonel Saunders ordered the 
11th Michigan Battery to open upon the rebels, and the 8th and 9th to charge. This was 
done with alacrity and spirit, when the enemy, already slowly retiring, took to flight in 
great disorder, strewing the ground over which they fled with the plunder accumulated by 
them all along their line of march. On reaching the woods I deployed Major Edgerly 
with his battalion to the right and Major Mix to the left. The pursuit was continued until 
I had driven them into a cat-hole in the woods and surrounded them with my regiment, 
when Colone-1 Springer, of Morgan's command, surrendered 573 prisoners with their horses 
and equipments, which I turned over to the provost marshal at Buffington Island Ford. 

Not any of my command were killed, and but two wounded, viz. : E. A. Keeler, Ser- 
geant Company A, and James Keed, Corporal Company A. First Sergeant G. Warner, 
Company A, received a severe wound in the leg by the accidental discharge of his pistol 
while on the march. 

I cannot speak in terms ef too strong praise of my command since breaking camp at 
Hickman. Dunng the long tedious march of 578 miles, which took sixteen days, much of 
the time right and day, and that with short rations, they have endured it as Michigan sol- 
diers through this ungodly war have always done, without complaint. With cheerfulness 
and alacrity have my oiders been responded to by both officers and men. I was obliged 
to leave sevei-al men along the line of march, either sick or worn out, some on account of 
their liorses giving out with no fresli ones to be procured at the time. 

Our arms, the Spencer rifle, proved as before, a terror to the rebels. They thought us 
in mucli stronger force than we were, when each man could pour seven shots into them so 
rapidly. This is the first instance during the war, I think, where the proportion of killed 
was gieater than the wounded. As far as reports have come in it is at least three killed 
to one wounded, and this fact is owing to the terrible execution of our rifles. 

We remain here a short time to gather up captured property, arms, etc., and then 
expect to be ordered back to Hiclcman. 

Captain S. Wells, Lieutenant Tubbs, and Lieutenant W. B. Smith represent my com- 
mand on Colonel Saunders's staff. 

Very respectfully, 

G. S. WORMER, 
lAeutenant Colonel Commanding 8th Michigan Cavalry. 

A correspondent wrote : 

" After the defeat of the rebel general Morgan at Buffington's Island, in which the Sth 
Cavalry took a piominent part, the regiment was ordered to Covington, Ky., arriving 
there on the 3lBt July. It had not completed its work with Morgan, but on the contrary 
a portion of it was most conspicuously engaged in his flnal defeat and capture. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 691 

" While the command in pursuit of Morgan was on its way up the Ohio River on stoam- 
■ers, and on reaching Cincinnati, Lieutenant N. S. Boyntou (afterwards Major) with a 
•detachment of 75 men including Lieutenants John E. Babbitt, J. M. Weils, and A. L. 
Abbey from Companies F, L, M, and C, 8th Cavaii-y were ordered on bhore for the purpose 
of bcouting in the adjacent countiy to discover the whereabouts of Morgan. This detach- 
ment remained in the neighburliood of Cincinnati doing picket duty, and watj not in the 
engagement at Buffington's island. 

'■ On the 22d of July orders were received in the camp of this detachment from General 
Buruside for all the cavalry in and around Cinoinnati to bo iii readiness to move promptly 
when ordered, and it was soon whispered around that the movement was a chase aiter 
Morgan, who had slipped through the lingers of the Union troops at Buffington's Island. 

"About 325 cavalry men from various commands, principally from Kentucliy regiments, 
hicluding Lieutenant Boynton"s detachment of the bth Miclugan, were placed in command 
of Major Kue, 9th Kentucky Cavalry. 

" On the evening of the 23d the command started by rail to Columbus, Ohio, where it 
took the Zanesville railroad to Steubenville or any other point on the Ohio river where 
Morgan might be reached. The command on arriving at SteubenvUle patroled tlie river 
by rail between Wheeling and that point, and on the morning of the 25tii disembarked at 
Martin's Ferry, where Major Way with a battalion of the yth Michigan Cavalry which 
composed a portion of the command, moved in the direction of St. Clairsville. In the 
afternoon Major Rue's command took the cars for Wellsville, as information had been 
received that Morgan was making his way northward to cross above. At about 8 P. M. 
he reached Shanghi station and disembarked, when he immediately moved in the direction 
of Knoxville about six miles distant. On arriving there he proceeded four miles on the 
road to Hammondsville, bivouacking there for tlie night. At dayhght next morning, the 
26th, the column was in motion, reaching Hammondsville at 7 A. M. General Shackel- 
ford was found at this place with a cavalry command, and to whom Major Rue reported. 
It was soon ascertained that the enemy were moving in the direction of SaUneville. The 
column was soon in rapid motion toward that point, Lieuti-nant Boynton with his detach- 
ment taking the advance. Arrivmg at SaUneville it was found tliat Major Way with the 
battaUon of the 9th Michigan had forced Morgan into an engagement, defeating him and 
taking over 300 prisoners, killing 23 and wounding 44. Still Morgan with about 400 of his 
raiders had escaped, and were pushing eastward. 

"It was now evident that a force would have to be sent by some route, get In hie 
advance and cut him off, or he would eventually escape. For this purpose Major Rue 
with his command was sent by a circuitous route to the right, to endeavor to reach a point 
on the road over which Morgan was rapidly retreating. Dashing off in gallant style, with 
reliable guides, Major Rue proceeded on the designated route. General Shackelford press- 
ing rapidly on Morgan's rear. Lieutenant Boynton, who had the advance of Hue's com- 
mand, determined to keep it, if possible, although other detachments were attempting to 
pass him. To prevent this he formed his command into column of platoons, and conse- 
quently filled up the road. For several miles Major Rue swept on, lirst at a gallop, then 
at a trot, and then in order to give his horses breath before the anticipated attack, walked 
about a mile, then forward at a gallop, changing direction to the left, through fields, 
woods, and lanes, at times leaping logs, fences, ditches, dodging trees and brush. An 
open held was soon reached and an open space through the woods was diycoverod to the 
right, which afforded a view of the road over which Morgan was retreating, and about a 
mile distant from Alajor Rue's command. Soon the head of the rebel column came hi 
sight, when, quickly discovering the object of the Union troops, they made a desperate 
attempt to pass the point which Rue's command was aiming to reach, pusliing their hoi-ses 
under whip and spur at full speed dftwn the road. Now came the exciting chase. Major 
Rue was a short distance in their advance. ' Forward!' was repeated tlu; wliole length of 
the column. ' There go the rebels, boys! there go the rebels!' passed swiftly from mouth 
to mouth, and a gleam of satisfaction lit up tlie countenances of tlie men as they saw the 
rebel column in the distance. As if by magic sabres were unsheathed, pistols drawn, and 
with a firm grasp on their weapons and a determination expressed in tlieir features to whi 
or die, they dashed on regardless of ail obstructions in their path and soon approached 
the road. 

"As tney passed the foot of a hill within a short distance of the road, Licutcniuit Boyn- 
ton discovered two men on the brow of the hill waving a wliite (lag. Fearing that it was 
a ruse of Morgan's to halt the column at Uiat point to gam lime, lie ordered Lieutenant 
Abbey, 8th Michigan, with six men to ascend the hill and iiscertaiu their purpose, wlille 
the command dashed on to gain the road. 

" Another flag of truce was soon discovered, the bearers of which were shouthig, ' don t 
shoot! don't shoot! wo surrender!' 

"Notwithstanding the hag of truce was received by Major Rue, he ordered the com- 



692 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

maud to form in line of battle on each side of the road, ready to fight if the rebel general 
attempted treachery, and Lieutenant Boynton's detachment was the first in line, ready 
for work if it was required. But John Morgan had given up the contest without the 
firing of a gun at that point. He saw that it was folly for him to attempt a further 
resistance, as Major Kue had cut him off from his only line of retreat, and that there was 
no chance of escape. 

" Lieutenant Abbey soon joined the command with the bearer of the first flag of truce, 
who proved to be a rebel major on Morgan's staff, and a captain of the Ohio State 
Militia, who had been captured the same day by Morgan's men, and to whom Morgan 
claimed to have surrendered his command a few moments before Major Rue came up. 

"The bearers of the second flag of truce were a major and two other officers of Mor- 
gan's staff, with the rank of captain. The Major gave up his sword to Major Rue, who 
had taken his position in the road on the right of the 8th Michigan detachment, accom- 
panied by Lieutenant Boynton and two or three officers of other detachments. The guidon 
belonging to Company L, 8th Michigan, floated triumphantly over the heads of the rebel 
officers, and beneath it the terms of surrender were made. John J. Ebbitt, of Company 
L, had the honor of being color bearer on tbat important occasion. Being a full-blooded 
son of the Emerald Isle he felt the importance of his position, and took particular pains 
to flourish the flag in the faces of those who had basely deserted it and become traitors to 
their country. 

"It was claimed by the rebel officers that Morgan had surrendered to the militia cap- 
tain on the condition that his command should be paroled, the officers retaining their side 
arms and private property. Major Rue would not recognize an agreement made by a 
militia captain, without a command and a prisoner in the hands of the enemy at the time. 
He instructed the staff officer to say to General Morgan that his surrender must be uncon- 
ditional, with the exception that officers should be allowed to retain their side arms, but 
even this condition should be subject to the approval of General Shackelford. He directed 
him also to say to General Morgan that if these terms were not accepted in a few minutes 
he would open fire on him, and for this purpose had his command in readiness. 

"The rebel command was dismounted in the road, and within ten rods of the line of 
Union troops. It would have been impossible for them to escape even if they had been so 
disposed, and Morgan quickly accepted the terms offered by Major Rue. The major 
ordered them to remain in their position without being disarmed until General Shackelford 
came up. In a short time General Shackelford and staff (on which was Lieutenant John 
E. Babbitt, 8th Michigan), arrived, and after a brief consultation the terms made by Major 
Rue were approved. The rebel command was soon formed in line in the road, mounted, 
and then disarmed, when it was placed under guard and marched to Salineville, where 
their horses were taken from them. Next mornuig the officers and men were sent under 
guard by rail to Cincinnati and thence to Camp Chase, Ohio." 

From Buffington Island the regiment returned to Kentucky, and during the 
month of August, 1863, engaged in the advance into East Tennessee, having 
in the meantime participated in the pursuit of Scott's rebel cavalry, skirmish- 
ing with them from Lexington to Stanford, Ky., having captured, killed, and 
wounded 213 men, and taken over 100 horses. 

Tiie regiment, then in the 1st Brigade, 2d Cavalry Corps, and still in com- 
mand of Colonel Wormer, had entered upon the East Tennessee campaign, 
having met the enemy at Kingston September 1st, and on the 18th at Cleveland. 

A correspondent writing to the Detroit Advertiser and Tribune, says of the 
affair at Cleveland : 

" From Kingston we were ordered to Post Oak Springs, a distance of nine miles. Here 
we remained over night. The next morning we received orders to go to Athens, the 
county seat of McMinn county, 35 miles south of Kingston, on the line of the East Ten- 
nessee and Georgia railroad. At Kingston we had to cross the Tennessee river in a small 
ferry boat, the rebels having burned all the boats of any size on the river at this point, 
and above as far as Knoxville. It required one day and two nights to ferry the command 
(tlie 1st brigade) across U\e river. We were heartily glad when the work was accora- 
plibhed. "We then moved on that day some twenty miles and encamped on Prigmore's 
farm. Prigmore proved to be a rebel of the deepest dye, and owned a very large planta- 
tion, which was under a high state of cultivation. We found an abundance of forage for 
our horses and mules and quite a large quantity of bacon which the old man had buried 
in a smoke-house to prevent the 'dreaded Yankees' from getting it. 

"After two tlajb' .sojourn we left for Athens. The 8th Michigan cavalry took the 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 693 

advance, and we entered the town amidst the wavin-r of flags, the shouts of the people, 
and a shower of bouquets from the hands of the hival ladk-s. Such a demonstration waa 
unexpected. We little dreamed that such a strong Union feeling existed in this section. 
We had heard it said that there were many loyal people in East Teniiesbee, but had some- 
what been led to believe that it was overrated. We were indeed hapi)ily disappointed. 
Crowds of people gathered around Colonel Byrd and expressed their gratitude for being 
delivered from the oppressive yoke of the bogus confederacy. A large crowd of men 
and women gathered together and listened eagerly and allentivelv to the speeches made 
by Colonel Byrd, Lieutenant Colonel Wormer, 8th Michigan cavalrv, and Colonel Hen- 
derson, of the 112th Illinois mounted infantry. Their speeches were received 
with bursts t)f applause and every one seemed pleased with the policy of our government 
as explained by the speakers. 

"We reniain(>d at Athens a week or more, during which time Captain Samuel Wells, of 
the 8th Michigan cavalry, Acting Provost Marshal on Colonel Byrd's staff, administered 
the oath to over 1,500 rebel soldiers and a large number of citizens. The captain, bv the 
way, is a very efficient officer, and attends to the duties of provost marshal in a maimer 
satisfactory to all. While at Atliens Major Edgerly, of the 8th Michigan cavalry, with 
one company from the 112th Illinois, one company from the 1st Tennessee, and com- 
panies G and I of the 8th Michigan cavalry, were sent down to Cleveland, 25 miles from 
Athens on the East Tennessee and Georgia railroad, to take possession of the town and 
hold it if he could. The second day after taking possession he was suddenly attacked by 
a large force of the enemy, estimated at 1,500 (the Major's force numbering 15u) and was 
compelled to beat a hasty retreat. The rebs had laid their plans to gobble up the major 
and his entire command, but they found that it was not so easily done as they supposed. 
Although they drove our pickets in rather unceremoniously, the Major was prei)ared to 
give them a warm reception. In the skirmish Captain Dickinson, of Company B, of the 
112th Illinois, was killed, and 24 of his men taken prisoners. The captain exhibited great 
courage and would not fall back nor allow his men to retreat. 

"Major Edgerly fell back in good order, occasionally making a stand and giving the 
rebels a taste of bullets. Companies G and I covered the retreat, and their Spencer rifles 
told with fearful effect on the advancing enemy. A' few volleys from their rilles would 
always check the rebels, and they would hesitate some time before advancing. Arriving 
at Charleston, on the Hiawasse river, the major made a stand, but the enemy did not 
think proper to pursue them farther. A number of men belonging to Company G, 8th 
Michigan, were cut off and taken prisoners. A great many narrow escapes were made; 
several horses were shot under their riders, but no one was wounded or killed on our side. 
Lieutenant McDonald, of Company I, received a shot through his hat and another through 
his holster on the saddle. The officers and men praise Major Edgerly for the coolness 
and bravery he exhibited, and the skill he displayed in keeping the enemy from capturing 
the whole command. But few, they state, could have managed the retreat so well 
against so large a force. " 

At (Julhouu, on the 26th of September, the brigade to which the 8th was 
attached was attacked by a force eslmiated at lo,0(JU, under Generals Forrest 
and Wheeler. After a shaip engagement with some loss, the command 
retreated to Athens where it endeavored to check the rebel pursuit, in which 
it was temjjorarily successful, but was compelled finally to fall back to Loudon. 
In actions at Calhoun and Athens, September 26th and 27th, the regiment lost 
43 killed, wounded, and missing. 

HeADQUAETEHS l8T BRIGADE, ) 

Genekaij Ordebs, I 4th Division, 23d Army Corps, >• 

No. 9. f Post Oak Upringa, Tenn., Oct. 10, 1803. ) 

To Lieutenant Colonel O. S. Wormer, Officers and Soldiers of the 8th Mich. Cavalry.: 

The colonel commanding takes gieat pleasure in announcing to you with what feelings 
of gratification and pride he witnessed your noble and gallant conduct when attacked by 
the enen)y at Calhoun, on the 20th of Sepl<>mber last. 

The enemy threw himself upon you with a force at least six to one, yet you quailed 
not nor deserted your post, although you were overpowered and nearly surrounded by an 
overwhelming force. 

Too much cannot be eald in praise of your noble conduct upon that occasion, and when 
compelled to fall back from that place to Loudon you behaved with great gallantry and 
bravery. 

Your countiy will remember you in the future when the glorious flag of our country 
again floats over every Stale and Territory of this great republic, planted by tlie hauda 
of her brave and noble ilefenders. 



694 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

You have bravely fought in her cause. Some of your numbers have been grievously 
wounded. Some are now languishing in southern prisons, bnt although many vacancies 
occur in your ranks, you are ready and anxious again to meet the enemies of your coun- 
try wherever they may appear. 

Toilsome marches over rugged mountains have not discouraged you, you have borne 
the heat and storms of a southern chmate without murmuring, you have often marched 
days and nights without food or rest, and have not failed when your duty called you. 
You have fought and bled in your country's cause, and for all this you will have your 
rewai'd in the future grandeur and glory of your country. 

Go on, brave soldiers, and continue to persevere in the cause in which you are enlisted, 
and which thus far you have so nobly sustained, and a grateful country will yet crown you 
victors in a glorious cause. 

By command of 

E. K. BYRD. 

James McCabtney, A. A. A. G. 

A correspondent writing at the time says of the affair at Calhoun: 

"At Calhoun on the 26th September, about 10 o'clock A. M., Captain Humphrey of the 
45th Ohio mounted infantry, who was on the Cleveland road, sent in a dispatch to Colonel 
Byrd, commanding, that the enemy in strong force were advancing. Dispatches also 
came in from scouting parties on other roads that the enemy were coming up in heavy 
force. Colonel Byrd accordingly had the battery (15th Indiana) take position while he 
ordered the 8th Michigan cavalry, dismounted, to the bank of the river, the 1st Tennes- 
see cavalry to support the battery, and the 112th Illinois to guard the ford on the left. 
The scouting parties and the pickets were ordered to fall back across the river. The 
enemy soon made their appearance on the opposite side of the river, and the artillery 
opened fire. The fire was well directed, the shells falling in their ranks and exploding, 
causing a scattering of the greybacks in every direction. The 8th Michigan opened on 
them with good effect. The enemy soon planted a few pieces of heavy caUbre on a hill 
on the opposite side of the river, Vhich overlooked the position, and commenced a well 
directed and heavy Are. The shot and shell fell around on all sides. Colonel Byrd dis- 
covered that they were trying to outflank the command on both sides. He immediately 
ordered the command to fall back from the river to Athens. The wagon train was started 
on ahead and the men fell back in good order. After leaving the river and passing a piece 
of timber, where the 112th Illinois had been encamped, and where the horses of the 8th 
Michigan were hitched to the trees while they were fighting on foot, the solid shot and 
shell fell thick and fast among the trees. Occasionally a charge of grape shot would 
come like hail through the woods, cutting off the leaves and branches on all sides. At 
this juncture, had it not been for the coolness and veteran-like courage of the 8th Mich- 
igan cavalry there would have been a panic among the men. It was enough to make the 
most courageous dodge their heads to avoid the well directed fire of the enemy's guns. 

"The brigade fell back to within two miles of Athens, where Colonel Woolford was 
met with reinforcements. Colonel Byrd took position and opened fire with the 15th Indi- 
ana battery and Law's mounted howitzers, belonging to Woolford's brigade. At the 
same time he ordered Colonel Wormer to take position with the 8th Michigan cavalry. 
The order was immediately executed in good style, and the boys again opened fire 
upon the rebels in a manner which soon caused them to fall back and leave the command 
in possession of the field. Here Lieutenant Colonel Wormer, who was cheering the boys 
and bringing them up in fine order to meet the advancing columns of the enemy, came 
near being brought to his last account. A well directed shot from one of the rebs' rifles 
cut his hat band, grazing the side of his hat. The concussion nearly knocked him down, 
but with his usual coolness he stood his ground until he was ordered to fall back. After 
checking the enemy the troops fell back to Philadelphia the same night. " 

The regiment left Philadelphia October 1st, marching to Athens, on the 4th 
to Sweetwater, on the 6th to Loudon, and on the 7th, 8th, and 9th to Oak 
Springs, thence to Kingston on the 21st. Colonel Wormer being in command 
of the brigade. Major Edgerly assumed command of the regiment. It moved 
back to Loudon on the 23d, and on the 24th made a reconnoissance below 
Philadelphia, and after engaging a rebel force in a severe action at Sweetwater 
on the 26th with a loss of nine wounded, returned to Lenoir. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 695 

Headquartees 2d Brioade, 

Generai- Orders, ) 4th CAVAiiRy Division, 23d Army Corps, 

No. 23. f Loudon, Tenn., Oct. 28, 1863. 

To the Officers and Soldiers of the 8th Michigan Cavalry: 

It again becomes the duty of the commandinpr offlcer of this brigade to compliment you, 
fellow soldiers, upon your unexampled bravery and courage upon the (to you) memorable 
26th day of October, 1803. 

I hardly know in what terms to express ray admiration to your noble conduct upon that 
day. You were in the thickest of the fight from the beginning: to the end. You charj^ed 
the enemy in a strong position, and although he was in overwhelming numbers, you drove 
him from his chosen stronghold, and you would have held the position which your valor 
won, had tli-- enemy not been re-enforced by still greater numbers. You tlion won the 
encomiums of all your commanders and your country, and what more can be said than 
that you did your duty nobly, bravely, and gloriously. Your courage and your gallant 
conduct upon that occasion have won you a name and a place in the history of your 
country, and hereafter the name of the 8th Michigan Cavalry will be spoken with pride by 
the lips of every true lover of his country and her best interests, and with terror by her 
enemies. 

But one of your number fell mortally wounded by the balls of your enemies, and seven 
more brave men were seriously wounded while nobly doing their duty at their posts. 
They fell, but their wounds will be remembered by their grateful country, and will only 
exist as glorious mementoes of their love of country and her laws. You may well be 
proud of the record which you made there, and may you never cease to do your duty as 
nobly as then, until your country again takes her rank among the nations of the earth as 
the greatest of all nations, and is in truth and reality " The land of the free and the home 
of the brave." May your efforts never cease nor your strength fail ; may your charges 
always be as bravely made and as nobly sustained, until no armed foe exists' to put again 
In jeopardy her best interest, and to make desolate her fertile fields and lay waste her 
beautiful cities. 

By command of 

G. S. WORMER. 

James McCartney, Capt. and A. A. A. O. Lieutenant Colonel. 

From June 1st, 1863, when the regiment left Covington, Ky., to October 8th, 
including marches of detachments, it marched over 3,000 miles, and during 
the same time captured 574 prisoners and 652 horses, with a large amount of 
Biores, equipments, etc. 

On Colonel Wormer's retiring from the command of the 2d brigade, 4th 
cavalry division. 23d army corps, which he held for a short time, members of 
his staff complimented him in resolutions, dated Lenoir, Tenn., Oct. 28. 1863, 
on his bravery and general good qualities displayed by him while in command 
of the brigade. Like sentiments were similarly expressed and to the same 
import by the officers of the 8th Cavalry, wiiile Brigadier General Sanders, 
commanding cavalry, says, in a letter dated as above: "Lieutenant Colonel 
G. S. Wormer, 8th Michigan Cavalry, served under my command during a 
portion of the Morgan raid, and since in East Tennessee. He lias performed 
his duties satisfactorily, and on the 26th inst.. in command of his brigade, led 
the advance in person, and managed his brigade with great bravery and judg- 
ment, and to my entire satisfaction." 

On the 1st of November, 1863, the 8th, then commanded by Major Edgerly, 
and serving in the Ist brigade, 2d cavalry division, Army of the Ohio, was 
encamped at liCnoir. 

During that month it actively participated in covering tiie retreat of the 
union forces, then falling back before the rebel army from Lenoir Station, on 
Knoxville, aided gallantly in checking tlie advance of I^jngstreet. 

It was engaged at Loweton, November 15, Campbell's Station on the 16th, 
and before Knoxville on the 1 9th. It participated in the defense of that place, 
and after the raising of the siege, on December 5th, being tiien in tho Ist 



696 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

division, joined in the pursuit of the rebel army, and was engaged at Rutledge 
on the 10th, continuing skirmishing daily with the rear guard until arriving 
at Bean's Station, where, on the 14th, it became warmly engaged, and on the 
25th had a skirmish at New Market. 

For its decided bravery, determined fighting, and the valuable service ren- 
dered the army, the regiment was complimented in special orders by General 
Burnside. 

January 14ih, 1864, the regiment marched to Dandridge, where it skir- 
mished with the enemy, driving them two miles beyond the town. On the 16th, 
it was attacked, and was obliged to fall back to Dandridge. On the 17th, it 
was warmly engaged during the day, but at night retired to Strawberry Plains, 
and thence, on the 18th, to Knoxville. Crussing the Holston river on the 
19th, it moved to Flat Creek Gap, where it skirmished with the enemy on the 
25th, but was obliged again to fall back on Sevierville. It again advanced to 
Fair Garden, on the 26th, but on the 27th moved toward the Holston river. 
Finding the enemy strongly posted behind breastworks, it charged the works, 
but being outflanked, withdrew. 

On the 3d of February the regiment moved to Knoxville. Turning over all 
i'ts horses to the proper department at Knoxville, it started on the 6th, on foot, 
for Mt. Sterling. Ky., where it arrived on the 24th, after a tedious march over 
the Cumberland mountains of over 200 miles. It remained in camp at Mt. 
Sterling and Nicholasville until the 3d of June. At this date, having been 
remounted and equipped, it started, in comnaand of Lieutenant Colonel Mix, 
on its march for Big Shanty, Ga., where it arrived on the 28th, and joined the 
command of General Stoneman. On its route from Cleveland, Tenn., to Big 
Shanty, it scoured the country bordering the railroad, capturing 136 prisoners. 
It participated in the movements of the cavalry under General Stoneman, 
covering the right of the army during the advance to Atlanta. 

The regiment was engaged in the Campbelltown and Macon raids, capturing 
in the former 74 prisoners. 

During the raid on Macon, in July, the 8th, on the 4th, engaged the enemy 
on the Chattahoochee, and after figliting Armstrong's brigade of cavalry with 
artillery support, drove it across the river, receiving the cheers of General 
Stoneman for gallantry. On the 26th a detachment of the regiment captured 
and destroyed three trains of cars on the Macon and Milledgeville railroad, 
loaded with rebel stores. The command, finding itself outnumbered before 
Macon, retired. The 8th, having the advance, was almost constantly fighting 
with the enemy. At Clinton, on the 31st, an engagement took place. The 
regiment made several charges, but was finally, by superior numbers, forced to 
give way. Tlie general in command, finding himself completely surrounded, 
and further resistence useless, finally surrendered. 

When Stoneman became entirely surrounded and surrender was evident, the 
8th Michigan, then in command of Colonel Mix, unwilling to lay down their 
arms to the rebels, and bearing in mind the honor of their State as well as 
their own, obtained permission from the commanding general to cut their way 
out, and, dasiiing forward, commenced their desperate undertaking, sur- 
rounded entirely by the enemy, engaging him hand to hand. Colonel Mix 
being captured, owing to the loss of his horse, Major Buck assumed command, 
and succeeded in forcing through the enemy by persistent and stubborn fight- 
ing, and undertook to reach the union lines near Atlanta. On the 3d of August, 
however, being nearly worn out with service, and having been in the saddle 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 697 

with little or no rest or sleep, for seven days and eight nights, pursued and 
hariissed, he was overtaken, and after a severe engugenient, a large number 
were made prisoners, yet a portion of the regiment rea(;hed the union lines. 
The loss of the 8th in this affair being 215 officers and men. 
From a correspondent: 

" On July 27th, 1864, Stoneman's command, composed of tho 5th and 0th Indiana, Ist 
and 11th Kentucky, 8lh Michigan, 14th Illinois, and 1st Ohio Squadron (cavalry), about 
two thousand strong, started' on the conti-niplated raid to Macon. Substsquont events 
proved that too much publicity had been given to the movement previous to tho departure 
of the expedition, and the enemy v^'cro on the lookout. We arrived at Fort Hawkins, 
opposite Macon, at daybreak Saturday morning, tho 30th. We found that tho enemy 
anticipated our coming. A large force of home guards were drawn up in line of battle. 
Our men charged them and drove them across the Ocmulgeo river into Macon. A large 
body of hifaiitry, with several pieces of artillery, occupied the city. Governor Brown had 
moved a large body of militia from Milledgeville to Macon. G<Mieral Johnston being in 
the city took conunand of the rebel forces. It was intended to cross the river and attack 
the city, and General Stoneman to burn all public property on this side of the river. The 
railroad bridge across the river was burned. It was a large structure, and it will take a 
long time to rebuild it. A flouring mill, a tannery containing over two thousand sides of 
leather, the railroad depot buildings, filled with army supjilies, and three trains of cars. 
One train was loaded with mules, horses, and hogs. Not having time to get them out, 
they were burned in the cars. The two remaining trains were loaded with commissary's 
supplies and quartermaster's stores, on their way to the rebel array. The track was torn 
up for over a mile, and the rails burned, rendering them useless. After completely des- 
troying all the property mentioned, and finding that we could not cross the river, we com- 
menced a retreat nearly in the direction we came to the city. General Stoneman's orders 
were that if we could cross the river and found too heavy a force to engage, on his retarn 
to strike for Pensacola, Florida, and to return by way of the Mississippi. Fifteen miles 
north of Macon a heavy force of infantry and cavalry, with three batteries, intercepted 
our further progress. The 8th Michigan was ordered to charge the pickets, drive tliem 
into the main body, and ascertain their probable strength. The above was the result of 
their reconnoissance. Stoneman, thinking that he could cut his way through, ordered the 
8th Jlichigan and 14th Illinois to form a skirmish line and advance. Night now coming 
on, they were ordered to lay on their arms, while the balance of the command threw up 
barricades preparatory to the morning's fight. Remaining in this position all night proved 
to be an unwise movement. It gave the enemy time to collect their forces all around our 
little command, particularly in our front, cutting off our retreat in that direction. We 
ought to have moved off to the right and dodged the rebels. 

" General Stoneman seemed infatuated with tho idea that he could cut his way through 
and return by the same route, although he had sufficient evidence that a huge force was 
in his front, and that the force in Macon would follow up in his rear. Almost every officer 
and man in his command felt certain that remaining in that position and attempting to 
fight our way through would prove a failure. Even General Stoneman's staff officers 
begged him to avoid the enemy's main force, and move around to the riirht, but no influ- 
ence could be brought to bear to change the infatuated mind of our leader, and with a 
force of less than two thousand, tired and worn out with marching night and day, he was 
determined to try his foolish and disastrous plan. No one can imagine with what anxiety 
of mind our little force awaited the coming day. The 8th Mieiiigan, in the advance, skir- 
mished with them all night. In the morning tho General ordered them to advance. The 
enemy slowly fell back about seven miles, until they led us into a position of their own 
selection. Here they had their line of battle drawn up, on elevated ground, in the shape 
of an inverted V, with several pieces of artillery in position. Wo were checked and 
forced to fall back. After skirmishing with them nearly all day, it was found impossible 
to break the lines, and General Stoneman concluded to surrender the command without 
even trying to evade them by swinging off to tho right; but ho finally gave Colonel Adams, 
with the 1st and 11th Kentucky, and Colonel Capron, with the 14th Illinois and Ist Ohio 
squadron, the privilege of working their way out. 

" The 8th Michigan and the two Indiana regiments were still fighting the enemy, and 
fought them for two hours after Adams and Capron left. In the meantime Lleuii-naat 
Colonel Mix and twenty men of the 8lh got cut olT from the regiment and were captured. 
Major Buck now took command, and after consultation with tho officers deterniiued to follow 
Adams and Capron, and not surrender as long as there was a shadow of a chance to 
escape. After repelling three difTeront assaults which the enemy made, and while a fla^ 
Of truce was going into the rebels, the Major left and johied Colonel Capron about mid- 



698 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

night without much Interruption. A large number of the 5th and 6th Indiana determined 
not to surrender, left their regiment and followed the 8th. General Stoneman had given 
them all the privilege of escaping with their commands if they could do so, but kept the 
Indiana regiment and surrendered them and two pieces of artillery wiiich he had with the 
command. He had given Colonel Butler, of the 5th Indiana, the same privilege, but per- 
suaded him to remain fighting the enemy until the flag of truce went in. When Colonel 
Butler reminded him of his promise, General Stoneman replied, ' be a man and surrender,' 
The Colonel now saw that he had been deceived, and called him a 'liar and a coward,' and 
that he would not surrender. He immediately formed his men again and renewed the 
fight, but fell while attempting to cut his way out. His men were overpowered and 
finally had to surrender. 

" Capron and Adams pushed on, determined to make their way to our lines. Going 
about due east until they arrived within a few miles of Gordon's Station, the junction of 
the Eatonton railroad and the Macon and Savannah road, where Colonel Capron sent a 
detachment of men to the station to destroy what railroad property they could find there. 
They succeeded in destroying eleven locomotives and forty passenger cars, tearing up the 
track in several places. Joining the command they pushed on toward Milledgeville, the 
capital of the State, and destroyed a railroad bridge across Fisher's creek, within three- 
fourths of a mile of the city. Near the bridge we found a locomotive and a few cars. 
Lieutenant Capron (son of Colonel Capron), somewhat experienced hi engineering, 
jumped aboard, fired up, and after getting a full head of steam, opened the throttle and 
let her dash into town where a tram loaded with troops was getting in readiness to move 
out and intercept our men. A crash was heard, and our boys mounted their horses and 
moved off to the left of the city, and then towards Eatonton, the terminus of the Eaton- 
ton railroad. Arriving there they destroyed the depot, which was filled witli clothing and 
commissary supplies. While gathering a lot of cotton together to burn, a laiye body of 
infantry came up on the cars and we left for Madison, on the Atlanta and Charleston rail- 
road, where we again destroyed a large amount of supplies. Then moved towards Athens 
with the intention of crossing the bridge over the Oconee river two miles from Athens, and 
destroying a large armory situated there which was furnishing the rebel government with 
a large number of arms. Arriving at the bridge we found it well fortified with several 
rifled pieces on an elevated position commanding our entrance. By some means not yet 
explained Colonel Adams's brigade became separated from Colonel Capron, and when they 
moved off went on separate roads. We traveled untU about 1 o'clock the night of August 
1st, when Colonel Capron concluded to go into camp. The advance had run onto some 
rebel pickets guarding a bridge across a creek running into the Oconee river. Not hav- 
h3g been harassed by the enemy in the rear, no particular danger was apprehended in 
that direction. The men were completely worn out with fatigue and want of sleep, and 
it was thought that two or three hours would greatly refresh them and the horses. The 
Ohio squadron was placed on picket in the rear and a portion of the 8th in the advance. 
The boys had no more than touched the ground before they were asleep, and had very 
unwisely, before they laid down, unsaddled their horses. It was said to be an order from 
Colonel Capron, commanding the brigade. If so, it exhibited very little forethought, and 
added to the fatal consequences which followed in a few hours. Between 3 and 4 o'clock 
in the morning, when all were sleeping soundly, the first intimation that our men had of 
the presence of the enemy was a volley at the edge of the camp in our rear from the 
advance guard of a brigade of rebel cavalry which had been pursuing us, and in closer 
proximity than our brigade commander imagined. 

"It seems that the pickets in our rear being so worn out, slept on their post and the 
rebels dashed on them and over them. The squadron, half awake, rushed for their 
horses, half saddled them, and went pell-mell down the road, in and through the camps 
of the 14th IlUnois, running over men and horses. The 14th in turn bocarae panic- 
stricken, and part of them throwing their saddles over their horses, others bareback, and 
others running on foot, rushed through the camp of the 8th. To add to their fears in 
their half wakened state, the men after so much skirmishing and fighting were almost out 
of ammunition, some were entirely out. So sudden was the attack that no notice could 
be given to the regimental commanders as to what disposition should be made of their 
men. On dashed the rebels, shooting down almost every man with whom they came in 
contact, paying no attention to their cry for quarter. 

" Major Buck, now luUy aroused, saw at once the condition of things. Without stop- 
ping for his horse, he commenced forming his men into line to repel the charge, but it was 
next to impossible to keep them in fine. It being dark they could not distinguish friends 
from enemies. Captain McDonald immediately joined Major Buck, and they, without any 
assistance from any other officers, used every effort to rally the men. It seemed that both 
officers and men were completely paralyzed with the sudden and unexpected attack. 
The two officers mentioned succeeded in forming a few men in line on the right. Captaln> 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. G9& 

McDonald, selng that tbe left was somewhat In confusion, dashed over, dismounted, and 
Midered the men he met there to form in line. It being still dark, he did not discover 
that they were rebels until a rebt^l officer rode up towards him and asked 'what son of a 

b was giving commands to hie men.' Ascertaining it was the captain giving orders 

he asked, 'What regiment do you belong to sir?' The captain coolly answered, '"The 8th 
ilichigan, sir.' At this the rebel officer drew his revolver, and without demanding a sur- 
render, discharged it at the captain, the ball going in close proximity to his head. Tho 
captain then told him he surrendered. The rebel officer now dismounted and came up to 
the captain and drew his revolver, but fortunately the cap snapped. He then told the 
captain to come with him. Taking him to one side of the road he said: 'Surrender, do 

you, you Yankee son of a b ! we don't give quarter; we intend to shoot every d d 

one of you! ' taking a cap from his cap pouch, and while in the act of putting it on h'is pistol, 
said; ' I'll show you how to surrender! what the hell made you run away after Stoneman 
had surrendered you?' The captain saw that he intended to shoot him and would give 
him no quarter. Pulling a pocket pistol from one of his side pockrts while the rebel t^as 
fixing his cap, he brought it within an inch of his head and shot him dead on the spot. 
Two rebel soldiers hearing the report came dashing up, but before they had time to 
revenge the death of their officer, two Yankee bullets laid them out. 

" Colonel Adams, with his two Kentucky regiments, liad come out on another road to 
the right of our brigade, and camped to the rear about three or four miles. He had taken 
an early start and came up while tiie rebels were making the chaige. Being informed of 
the condition of things by one of our men, and that the road he was on led directly into 
the one down wtiich the enemy's charging party was coming, he immediately ordered his 
men to make a charge down the road through the rebels, and if possible reach our rear. 
It was during this charge that Captain McDonald was released. Adams soon cleared the 
road through, but found when he reached the rear of Capron's command that he had 
taken the road which led across the bridge, when he ought to have taken the left hand 
road and avoided it. He now dashed back and took the left hand road, knowing that if 
he followed Capron the whole command would have been taken or cut to pieces. He 
arrived at this place ^Marietta) on the 4th instant with a loss of only seventeen men; 
some fifteen of the Sth came in with him. But not so with Capron. After Adams left 
him the rebels again charged him with increased force. Our men had not yet recovered 
from their panic. In crossing the bridge it broke. Men and horses were'thrown upon 
each other, presenting a mass of human beings and horses. Still the men crowded on. 
The creek was deep, but they rushed into it regardless of the consequences. The enemy 
dashed up and fired volley after volley in among the men and horses. A mmiber of the 
men were drowned and a large number killed by the rebels. The men now seeing that it 
was useless to keep together, scattered and took to the woods. About 50 of the bth have 
come in, and 100 of the 14th, among them Captain McDonald, Lieutenant Burton, and 
Lieutenant Crowley. All kinds of rumors are in circulation in regard to the fate of olVicers 
and men. The most reliable is that among the officers of the Sth killed, is Captain Bab- 
bitt. Captain Ellis drowned crossing the bridge, and Lieutenant McElhenny. Captain 
W. B. Smith is reported wounded. Captain Sellick, Lieutenant Preston, and Lieutenant 
Abbey were taken prisoners. 

" It is supposed that Major Buck was taken prisoner, but nothing definite can yet be 
obtained of the actual fate of the officers and men, and I do not give full credit to the 
seemingly reliable report of the killed, wounded, and prisoners. Many of them may turn 
up yet as the command scattered in every direction during the fight, and will bo probably 
coming in for the next week or two. 

"The rebels are patroling the whole country, and picking up our men wherever they 
can find them. A force has been sent out to gather up our boys, and no doubt many 
more will come in. There is no doubt that the Sth lost a largo number of men In killed 
and wounded. As soon as I can get reliable information in regard to it I will send you a 
list of tbe Ojissing and their probable fate. It will be at lea^t two w»>ek8 before all tJj« 
facts can be ascertained, and the fate of many will always be a mystery. Sixty of the 
Sth, out of over 300 who went on the raid, have returned." 

The portion of the rcgitneiit that succeeded in making its escape to tho 
Union lines was stationed at Marietta and Turner's Feny, and was eni|)l()yeil 
in picket duty until the 14ih of September, when tho regiment received orders 
to report at Nicholsville, Ky., where it proceeded by rail, arriving on tho 2l8t. 
Again leaving Kicholasville, on the 19th of October, it marched to Nashvilio, 
where it reported on the ;;J6th, and on tlio 31st was encamped near that }thice. 
Within the year the regiment has traveled nearly X',8U0 miles in direct 
marches, exclusive of those made by detachments when scouting and foraging. 



700 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

During the year, and up to October 31st, the 8th had lost 13 died in action 
or of wounds, 72 of disease, and 235 missing in action. 

Tliis regiment was serving in Tennessee on November 1st, 1864, and 
brigaded with the 14th and 16th Illinois Cavalry, and at that date, with its 
brigade, was on the march from Nashville to Pulaski for the purpose of 
watching the movements of Hood, wlio was then on his northern expedition 
from Atlanta. Having reached Pulaski, the regiment, on the 6th, moved on 
a scout to Lfiwrenceburg, and returned, and again on the 12th to Waynes- 
boro. Returning from that point, it marched to Mount Pleasant on the 14th 
and 15th, remaining there in camp on the 16th; on the 17th and 18th was on 
the march to Waynesboro, Company C having a skirmish with the enemy. 
Having reached Waynesboro, on the 18th, 19ih, and 20th nearly the whole 
regiment was engaged day and night in scouting by detachments, one being 
sent to Lawrenceburg to form a junction with General Hatch, who was then 
falling back from the Tennessee river near Florence; one to Clifton, and 
another towards Savannah, all returning and joining the command on the 
20th. On the 21st, information having been received that Forrest was advanc- 
ing towards Lawrenceburg, the command fell back to within eleven miles of 
Mt. Pleasant and went into camp. In the meantime communication had 
been opened with General Hatch, and on the 23d a detachment of one officer 
and twenty-five men of the regiment was sent back towards Waynesboro, 
which met the enemy about seven miles out, and near Henryville, where it 
kept a whule regiment in check until Company B was sent forward as a rein- 
forcement, but before it reached there it was attacked and driven back, and 
the detachment cut off. It was then ascertained that the enemy had sue 
ceedcd in getting a position between General Hatch and the command. A 
battalion of this regiment was ordered to hold the road in front while the 
brigade fell back three miles to the junction of the Mt. Pleasant and Law- 
renceburg roads, and there threw up a barricade and made a stand for the 
purpose of checking the enemy should he succeed in driving the battalion. 
During that time the battalion was holding him in check, although vigorously 
attacked and closely pressed ; and after a stubborn and gallant resistance the 
enemy succeeded in throwing a heavy force on its left flunk and driving it 
back to within a short distance of the barricade, where it made a determined 
stand, but was attacked by a superior force, and before it could fall back on 
the command the enemy had gained its rear. The attacking force was dis- 
covered by the brigade, but owing to the darkness it was supposed to be the 
battalion falling back, and therefore no effort was made to check it. At that 
time the balance of the 8th Michigan was ordered to a position behind the 
barricade, but before it could be properly posted the enemy made a desperate 
charge on the whole line, and so unexpected was the attack that it threw the 
two other regiments of the brigade into confusion, producing a perfect stam- 
pede, when the 8th Michigan, with great coolness maintaining its position, 
poured a volley into his ranks, checking his advance, then gave him a second 
volley, when he retired. In the meantin)e the battalion of the 8th Michigan 
tliat had been left in front to hold him in cluck, and which had now been 
cut off from the main command, cut its way through the enemy, under a 
heavy fire, and rejoined the brigade, having lost several killed and wounded. 
About daylight on the morning of the 24th the jiickets were again attacked, 
the brigade falling back about two miles, closely followed by the enemy, when 
ho threw a heavy colniun on both its flanks, compelling it to retreat in double 
quick to Columbia, the enemy pursuing closely. On reaching that point a 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 701 

division of infantry from the 23d army corps, Trhich had just arrived there, 
succeeded in driving him back, and prevented the whole of General Forrest's 
command from dashing into the town and capturing it. On the 2oth a 
detachment of fifty men of the regiment was sejit to Ilardison's Mills, on 
Duck river, for the purpose of crossing, to ascertain if the enemy was moving 
in that direction, and next day the brigade was ordered to that point, and 
picketed the different fords along the river for six or eight miles. On the 
nnn-iiing of the ;^8th the advance of Hood's army was discovered moving 
towards the fords, and about noon he had driven in the advance pickets, and 
at 3 P. M. he opened tire at almost every ford, but he was kept in check until 
the communication with General Johnson was cut off, by the enemy crossing 
at one of the fords east of Columbia, and also on the left of the command, 
when the detacliments at the fords were ordered back ; then the brigade 
became completely surrounded, when one regiment (7th Ohio) succeeded in 
cutting its way through the enemy, in its rear, still leaving the remaining 
portion of the ci)mmand (in which was the 8th Michigan) completely and 
closely surrounded. The regiment, together with the 1-ith and 16th Illinois, 
being aimed with Springfield muskets, dismounted, and with bayonets fixed 
charged through the enemy in gallant style, driving over 100 rebels into the 
river. A detachment of 40 men of the regiment had been cut off at one of 
the lower fords, but succeeded in extricating itself with but little loss. Next 
morning the command fell back six miles on General Hatch's division, which 
had been drawn up in line of battle to check any further advance of the 
enemy. On the following morning the whole cavalry force fell back to near 
Franklin, the infantry having already evacuated Columbia, and taken position 
at Franklin. On the 30th the enemy made several attempts to drive the cav- 
alry in but failed. Towards evening he massed a strong force and made a 
desperate attack, but was repulsed with heavy loss. Next morning, December 
1st, before daylight, the whole command had commenced falling back toward 
Nashville, and when within six miles of that place the cavalry made a stand, 
but the enemy did not come up. During the night the whole cavalry force 
moved inside the lines at Nashville, when the regiment crossed the river to 
Edgefield, where it was engaged in making expeditions to various points for 
the })urpo.-e of pressing horses, and was employed in scouting the surrounding 
country, and during the battle of Nashville, from December 14th to 22d, was 
held as a reserve, having previously been dismounted. 

From a correspondent of the Detroit Advertiser and Tribune: 

"Nashveule, Tenn., December 3d, 1S64. 

" The last two weeks' history of this regiment wili long bo lememberod by eveiy man 
beloniiini^ to it. No command in this armj' has seen more service or endured more hard- 
ships than the brigade to which we were attached. 

" The brigade is composed of the 8th Michif,'an, 14th and 16th Illinois Cavalry, and is 
commanded by Colonel Horace Capron, of ihe 24th Illinois After bcinj; mounted at 
Nicholasville, Ky., we marched to Na.-liville and fiom there to Pidasid, a distaneo of three 
hundred miles, inside of eleven days. From Pulaski we were ordered to Waynesboro, 
filty-six miles away from any base of su|)plies— unsupported by any force, 'i'he object 
was to watch Hood's movements and asceitain in what direction he was approachinir us. 
In order to protect our.selves from surprise we had to scout the whole country. Tho 
weatht-r from the time we reached Pulaski up to tiie present time (about four we(>l<s), with 
the exco[)tion of three or four days, has been anytiiing but pleasant. It has rained nearly 
evoi-y (l;iy. At Waynesboro, CapUiin Strong with llfty men was sent to Luwronceburg to 
form a junction with General Hatch, who was falling back from tho Tennesset! rlvor, near 
Florence. 

"Learning that Forrest was advancing on our left towards Lawrenceburg, we fell back 
to within 11 miles of Mt. Pleasant and weut into camp lor the night. In the meantime 



702 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

comraunication with General Hatch had been opened, and instructions sent ColoneV 
Oapron that he (General Hatch) would protect his left flank, but to scout his right and 
front. The next morning Lieutenant Bennett, of the 8th, with a party of 25 men was 
eent back towards Waynesboro, and Lieutenant Capron, of the 14th Illinois, with a party 
of 50 was sent off on our right. The last named oflicer met a small party of rebels within 
& few miles of our camp. He drove them back, and continued his scout farther to the 
right. Lieutenant Bennett, with his party, met the enemy some seven miles out. H© 
fought them like a tiger, keeping in cheek a whole regiment, He sent word into camp 
that he was fighting the enemy, and asked lor reinforcements. Company B, of the 8th, 
under Lieutenant Montgomery, was sent to iiis assistance. Before Lieutenant Montgom- 
ery reached Lieutenant Bennett a force of the rebels came in between the two parties, 
cutting Lieutenant Bennett off and dLiving Company B baek. 

" At this time intelligence came in that Lhe enemy were between us and General Hatch, 
on our left. Captain Smith, with a battalion of the 8th, was ordered to hold the road in 
•our front, while the balance of the brigade fell back three mUes to a junction of the Mt. 
Pleasant and Lawrenceburg roads. Major Buck, who was in command of the 8th, was 
ordered to throw up barricades in the road to check the enemy, should they drive Captain 
Smith back. During this time the rebels were fighting desperately with Captain Smith, 
who held them in check. The enemy succeeded, by throwing a heavy force on the Cap- 
tain's left flank, in driving him back a short distance from the barricades. He made 
another determined stand, t)ut before he received orders to fall back to the command the 
enemy had gained his rear. Colonel Capron discovered them, but owing to the darkness 
•supposed that it was Captain Smith falling back. Major Buck was ordered with the 8th 
to fall behind the barricades to protect Captain Smith's letreat. Before the Major had 
fairly placed his command in position the rebels made a flerce and desperate charge upocx 
the lines. So unexpected was the charge, that it threw the 14th and 16th Illinois into confu- 
sion, producing a perfect stampede. Major Buck ordered the 8th to seize their rifles and 
pour a volley into the rebel ranks. The enemy were checked. A second volley com- 
pelled them to fall back. During this time Major Buck was trying lo rally the panic- 
stricken men of the other regiments. He entreated and threatened, but yet they con- 
tinued to run. He received a wound in his thigh while trying to rally the men, which the 
surgeons pronounce serious, Although a stampede took place in the other regiments, the 
boys of the 8th with unparalleled coolness retained their position. Companies C and L 
particularly distinguished themselves. Comuany L is composed mostly of new recruits, 
but they fight like veterans. Sergeant John S. Cline, of Company L, exhibited courage 
truly worthy of mention. Robert Hendershot, of Company L, when the fight commenced, 
seized a stack of five guns, and with the coolness of an old tried soldier discharged them 
towards the enemy with telling effect. He was afterwards killed. Captain Ellis behaved 
himself with great gallantry and deserves great credit. Captain Smith had been cut ofif 
by this flank movement of the enemy. After he discovered that the enemy was in his 
rear he determined to cut his way out and join the command. He informed the boys of 
the state of things and asked them if they would follow him. Their answer was unani- 
mous. You can imagine what courage men must have, armed with nothing but the 
Springfield rifle, to cut their way through a body of cavalry armed with sabres and revolv- 
ers. When all was ready Captain Smith ordered 'forward!' and dashed off, the boys fol- 
lowing him with a yell that made everything ring. The rebels poured a volley into them 
as they passed which would have checked almost the bravest men; but on they went. A 
second volley came, but it did not not check them and they joined the brigade. Several 
•of the boys were killed and wounded. The names are given below in the list of killed, 
wounded, and missing, as far as known. 

" After order had been partly restored, the command fell back towai-ds Mt. Pleasant. 
We passed through the town and halted to rest the men and horses within six miles of 
Columbia. 

" About daylight the following morning the enemy attacked our pickets. We fell back 
about two miles. Colonel Capron in the meantime had received orders to hold the posi- 
tion at all hazards. The enemy followed close upon our rear, throwing a heavy column 
■on both our flanks. It was found impossibh; to check them without endangering the whole 
command, and the Colonel gave orders to fall back to Columbia. The rebels pursued us 
closely, and we had to make a double quick retreat to avoid capture. Information had 
been sent to Columbia that a large force was jtushing us, and that we could not hold 
them. A division of infantry from the 23(1 Army Corps had arrived in Columbia just in 
time to prevent the whole of Forrest's connnand from dashing into the town and capturing 
it. It proved subsequently that our little brigade had been fighting ihe advance of Hood's 
army although faUing back, and towards the last rather rapidly, owing to the heavy press- 
ure made on our rear. The infantry soon drove them back. One rebel colonel and cap- 
tain were killed Inside of our lines. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 703 

" On the 25th ult. Captain Smith was ordered out with a party of 50 mon from the 8th, 
to Hardison's Mills, on Ducli river, there to cross the ford and ascertain whether the enemy 
were moving in that direction with a view to turn our left flank. The Captain received a 
very hiirh compliment from General Johnson, commanding the division, for the perform- 
ance of the duty. The next day, the '26th, the whole brigade was ordered to Hardison'e 
Mills to watch the forts on the river. On the morning of the 28th the enemy wore discov- 
ered moving towards the fords, with the intention of attempting a crossing". About noon 
they had driven our scouts back, and at 2 P. M. they opened a heavy lire almost at every 
ford for six miles along the river. We kept tliem bark until 4 o'clock, wlien our commu- 
nication with General Johnson was cut. The rebels liad succeeded in effecting a crossing 
at one of the fords east of Columbia, and also on the left of us. Couriers were immedi- 
ately sent to the parties at the fords to order them back. We were now completely sur- 
lounded, and there was no other alternative but to cut our way out. The 7th Ohio was 
•ordered to make a charge through the enemy in our rear. While doing this they had 
succeeded in cutting the command in two. 

" The command at the river was now entirely surrounded. The 8th Michigan, 14th and 
16th Illinois, who were armed with the Springfield muskets, were ordered to make a 
charge, dismounted, wliich they did in a gallant manner, driving many of the rebels Into 
the river, so fierce and unexpected was the charge. It was one of the most hazardous 
And desperate charges that ever was made by so small a force. No less than one hun- 
dred of the rebels were driven into the river, and their cries for help were pitiful indeed. 

" Lieutenant Patten, of the 8th, was cut off with a party of 40 men at the lower fords, 
■but succeeded in extricating them with the loss of only one man. 

' ' We fell back six miles and found General Hatch's division drawn up in line of battle 
to check any further advance of the enemy. 

" The following morning the whole cavalry force fell back to Franklin. The Infantry 
ijad already evacuated Columbia and taken up position at Franklin. On the 30th we 
maneuvered all day with the enemy. They made several attempts to drive our cavalry 
but failed In each. Towards evening they massed their force and made a desperate attack 
on our lines, but were repulsed with heavy loss. Before daylight on the Istinst., we were 
falling back towards Nashville. The cavalry made another stand within six miles of Neish- 
vllle, but the enemy did not ;itt:ick us, although they camped so near us that we could 
hear the sound of their voices. Before daybreak yesterday the whole cavalry force was 
inside of our lines at this place. What Hood will do now cannot be fuUy ascertained. 
Rumor Is current to-day that he is failing back. Some little demonstration has been 
made on the city, but no heavy force Is before It. 

" The officers and men of the 8th have within the last two weeks proved themselves to 
be made of material worthy to be classed among the best. Our State need never blush 
nt the name of the gallant 8th. They have gained a reputation that will never die. Two 
much cannot be said in praise of Surgeon Charles G. Robertson and assistant surgeon 
Samuel D. Tobey, for their services in caring for our brave wounded boys. 

" The brigade now consists of the 8th Michigan, 7th Ohio, 5th Iowa, and 14th and 16th 
Illinois cavalry. All the cavalry in this department has been consolidated into one corps, 
under command of General Wilson. " 

On the 18th of January, 1865, it marched to Pulaski, where it was actively 
employed in scouting, for the purpose of suppressing guerrilla operations in 
that section of the country, until September 22d, when it was mustered out of 
service at Nashville, and returning to Michigan on the 28th, in command of 
Colonel Mix, was soon after paid off and disbanded at Jackson. On the 20th 
of July preceding tlie 11th cavalry hail been consolidated with it, the regiment 
retaining the designation of the 8tii Michigan cavah'y. 

It was engaged with the enemy wiiile in service at Triplett Bridge, Ky., 
June 19, 1803; Ijebanon, Ky., July 5, ]8fJ3; Lawrencel)urg, Ky., Jidy 9, 1803; 
Salvisa, Ky., July 10, 1803; Buffiiigton's Island, 0., July 19, 1803 ,' Winches- 
ter, Ky., July 25, 1803; Salineville, 0., July 20, 1803; Lancaster, Ky., July 
30, 1803; Stamford, Ky., July 31, 1803; Kingston, Tenn., Srpti'mber 1, 1803; 
Oleveland, Teun., Se[)tember 18, 1803; Uallioun, Teiin., September 2t). 1803; 
Athens, Teun., Septeniljer 27, 1803; Ijoudon, 'JV'nn., St-ptember 29, 1863; 
Philadelphia, Tenii., October 23, 1803; Sweet Water, Teun., October 26, 
1863; Lenoir Station, Teun., November 12, 1803; Campbell's Station, Teuu., 



704 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

November 16, 1863; Knoxville, Teun., November 18, 1863; Rutledge, Teun., 
December 10, 1863; Ream's Station, Teun,, December 14, 1863; New Mar- 
ket, Tenn., December 25, 1863; Mossy Greek, Tenn., January 10, 1864 
Dandridge, Tenn., January 17, 3864; Fair Garden, Tenn., January 24, 1864 
Sevierville, Tenn., January 27. 1864; Kenesaw mountain, Ga.. July 1, 1864 
Sweet Water, Ga., July 3, 1864; Chattahochee, Ga., July 4, 1864; Moore's 
Ridge, Ga., July 12, 1864; Covington, Ga., July 28, 1864; Macon, Ga., July 
30, 1864; Sunshine Oliurch, Ga., July 31, 1864; Eatonton, Ga., August 1, 
1864; Mulberry Creek, Ga., August 3, 1864; Henryville, Tenn., November 
23, 1864; Mount Pleasant, Tenn., November 24, 1864; Duck River, Tenn, 
November 24, 1864; Nashville, Tenn., December 14 to 22, 1864. 

While in service the 8th had borne on its rolls in all, 3,025 officers and men, 
513 of whom had been received by transfer from the 11th cavalry, while its 
losses were 1 officer and 23 men killed in action, 7 men died of wounds, and 
2 officers and 288 men died of disease. 

•' But when the crimson battle done, we lay amid the slain, 

Our blue coats trimmed with crimson blood, our bodies stabbed with pain, 

'Twas then the agony of war, in all its woe we linew; 

We ordered up our lieart's reserve and fought tlie battle through. 

But soon the liours of suffering their heavy weight upbore, 

And sweet release came close to us, and showed us Heaven's door." 

Notes. — While the 8th Michigan Cavalry was in pursuit of Morgan in Kentuclsy, dur- 
ing the summer of 1863, the following incident is related as having occurred: 

" At 1 A. M. on the 7th of July the command took up the line of march in the direction of Har- 
rodsburg, where, as reported, a portion of Morgan's force had encamped. Reaching there, it was 
ascertained that the rebels had moved on, having made but a short halt. The command halted one 
hour, then proceeded to Lawrenceburg, reaching there at 4 P. M., a distance of 43 miles from Dan- 
vil le. Several small parties of Morgan's men were overtaken, but the main force had moved over 
a different road and towards the Ohio river. On our march to Lawrenceburgan incident occurred 
which is worthy of record, showing the courage, valor, and determination of Michigan soldiers 
generally. Company L, under command of Lieutenant Boynton (afterwards maior), was ordered 
in the advance after leaving Harrodsburg. On marching a few miles Corporal Albert C. Peterson, 
from Newport, St. Clair county, and belonging to that company, was suddenly attacked with 
hemorrhage of the lungs, a disease which had troubled him slightly for some time before he 
joined the regiment, and which compelled him to take the ambulance. 

"A few miles further an order was received to halt and form line of battle. After this order 
was executed, a second came to prepare for a charge through the lields to the left, and surround 
a piece of woods wliere it was reported a party of rebels were concealed. 

"Corporal Peterson hearing that there was a prospect for a fight, mounted his horse, although 
so weak from loss of blood that he could scarcely ride, and joined his company in order to partici- 
pate in the expected engagement. Lieutenant Boynton, when he discovered him, remonstrated 
against his attempting to take part with the company, and or<lered him back to the ambulance. 
When the order was given hiin tears came into his eyes, and he exclaimed : ' For God's sake. Lieu- 
tenant, let me go with yon. I have lost two brothers in the army, killed by the accursed rebels, 
and, if I die in the attempt, I want satisfaction.' He was allowed to go. The report, however, 
proved to be untrue; no rebels were found in the woods, and the corporal returned disappointed 
and maddened with the idea that he had no opportunity at that time to avenge the death of his 
brothers. With clenched fists he took an oath that their deaths should he avenged bv his hands 
if he lived long enough to meet the foe. Some time afterwards at Crab Orchard, Ivy., just before 
the regiment crossed the mountains, his officers insisted on his remaining back and going into 
hos])ital. When he left the regiment he cried like a child. As he bid Lieutenant Boynton, his 
commanding officer, good-bye, he said: 'I feel that I cannot live much longer. Let nie go with 
you, and die with you. I want to die in the ranks.' Two or three days before his dcaili, which 
occurred at Camp Nelson, Ky., September 29th, 1863, his affianced bride came to see him, and 
remained with him during the last days of his illness. A couple of days after his burial his father 
came, and when he visited the grave of his son he found the intended bride weeping over the 
grave of him she loved so well." 

An ofiQcer being captured, the rebs soon took a lilting to what he had on his person, and 
as taliing was not unusual with them, his boots being good, became at once the object of 
attaclt. " Give me tliem ere boots!" says one — hesitating. " Give me the boots!" thun- 
dered another, llesistance being useless, off they came. "Give me your watch!" 
demanded one. "Give me your hat!" said several at once. "Your coat!" shouted 
another. Off they came, one after another. Their demands continued, but the further 
taking off it is deemed best to omit. 



NINTH REGIMENT CAVALRY. 



"Forward to battle for God and the right! 

Hurrah for the banner! 

Hurrah for the banner! 

- Hurrah for our banner, the flag of the free I" 

The 9th cavalry began its organization in the fall of 1862 at Coldwater, 
under the direction of Colonel James I. David, of Trenton, who had been 
quartermaster in the Ist Michigan cavalry. The regiment, with the exception 
of two companies incomplete, was mustered into the service of the United 
States on the 19th of May, 1863, the muster rolls containing the names of 
1,073 officers and men. 

fieijD and staff. 

Colonel, James I. David, Trenton. Lieutenant Colonel, George 8. Acker, Kalamazoo. 
Majors, Michael F. Gallagher, Detroit, William B. Way, Pontiac, and Solomon P. Brock- 
way, Flint. Surgeon, Alfred K. Nash, Trenton, Assistant Surgeons, Morgan L. Leach, 
Duplam, and WiUiam H. Young, Ann Arbor. Adjutant, Hobart Miller, Detroit. Quarter- 
master, Matthew H. Ward, West Point, N. Y. Commissary, Addison David, Trenton, 
Chaplain, William Benson, Adrian. 

Tlie companies as mustered in were: 

A. Captain, Dewitt C. Smith, Columbia. First Lieutenant, Clarence L. Miles, Com- 
merce. Second Lieutenant, David P. Ingraham, Bi'ooklyn. 

B. Captain, Samuel Morey, Rome. Fiist Lieutenant, James R. Cairns, Cambridge. 
Second Lieutenant, James J. Lister, Trenton. 

C. Captain, Willard C. Stevens, Whitmore Lake. First Lieutenant, Albert Hines, 
Plymouth. Second Lieutenant, Charles H. Saunders, Ecoree. 

D. Captain, James G. McBride, Mom'oe. First Lieutenant, , . 

Second Lieutenant, William Neff, Monguagon. 

E. Captain, John J. Hinchey, Antwerp. First Lieutenant, Eugene E. Smith, Antwerp. 
Second Lieutenant, William H. S. Banks, Porter. 

F. Captain, Francis W. Leggitt, New York, N. T. First Lieutenant, Cyrus D. Boys, 
Hudson (see Battery L). Second Lieutenant, Levi J. Mitchell, Detroit. 

G. Captain, Mark W. Jaquith, Monguagon. First Lieutenant, Smith W. Flsk, Cold- 
water. Second Lieutenant, Cady Neff, Trenton. 

H. Captain, Howard M. Eice, Lapeer. First Lieutenant, Thomas Gallagher, Detroit 
(see Battery L). Second Lieutenant, Heniy Coquillard, Detroit. 

I. Captain, Jonas H. McGowan, Matteson. First Lieutenant, , 

Second Lieutenant, George H. Turner, Bethel. 

K. Captain, Otis H. Gillam, Coldwater. Fii-st Lieutenant, Lafayette Johnson, Grand 
llapids. Second Lieutenant, Alpheus B. Hendricks, Clarkston. 

L. Captain, George Miller, Pokagon. First Lieutenant, Edward M, Watson, Mar- 
quette. Second Lieutenant, Ira B. Riford, Nilos. 

M. Captain, Paul Cornevin, Detroit. Firet Lieutenant, , . Second 

Lieutenant, , . 

Previous to leaving the State for the front the ladies of Coldwater gave to 
89 (706) 



706 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

the 9th a very neat and finely lettered silk standard, with the United States 
arms on one side, and on the other that of the State, with the inscription : 
" Presented by the ladies of Cold water." The flag passed through many hard 
battle-fields, but was carefully guarded and well defended. 

It took the field when the cavalry arm of service was beginning to be appre- 
ciated. The day had passed when its service was confined to escorts, couriers, 
and orderlies at Division Headquarters, and when its movements to the rear 
indicated a coming battle at the front; when in ridicule the question, "who 
ever saw a dead cavalryman?" had become a byword. The day soon dawned 
at Gettysburg, where it fought as corps, by brigades and divisions; where the 
close hand to hand cavalry charges with sabre and revolver became more ter- 
rible to the rebels than the far off crack of the infantry rifle. The charge of 
the gallant Weber at Falling Water struck terror to rebel hearts, where with 
the 6th Michigan Cavalry he dashed on and over rebel earthworks, capturing 
almost the entire infantry brigade of General Pettigrew. The day had come 
when the advance of cavalry to the front was a sure indication of a coming 
engagement. 

The 9th, so far as its principal officers, was the immediate offspring of the 
1st Cavalry, that gallant regiment, early in the field, so noted in history for 
daring and brave deeds. Its successful charges throughout the war, especially 
at Gettysburg against a whole rebel brigade, are now cited in cavalry instruction 
(tactics) as exemplary, worthy of being followed by the entire cavalry service of 
the day. 

The regiment was ordered to the field in Kentucky, and under command of 
Colonel David left its rendezvous at Coldwater by detachments, respectively, 
on May 18th, ;:iOth, and 25th, 1363, proceeding via Cincinnati to Covington, 
thence on June 4th to Hickman's Bridge, and June 12Dh was ordered via 
Mount Sterling in pursuit of Everett's guerrillas, who were overtaken at 
Triplett's Bridge, and completely routed with loss in prisoners. Returning 
next day via Mount Sterling, on the 25th it reached Hickman's Bridge. 
On the 27th it again resumed the march, entering on the campaign against 
Morgan, arriving at Stamford on the 28th, and on July 4th proceeded to Leb- 
anon, skirmisliing with Morgan's rear guard, and driving from that town his 
entire force, then on its wuy through Kentucky, on the contemplated raid into 
Indiana and Ohio. Colonel David had hurried with his command to this 
point at the rate of fifty miles a day, and after having aided in scattering 
Morgan's forces returned to Danville. 

A detachment of the regiment in command of Captain Dewitt C. Smith, 
while on this pursuit, captured Lieutenant Colonel Alston, Morgan's Chief of 
8tatf, and 51 prisoners. 

The regiment having reached Danville, July 6th, Colonel W. T. Saunders, 
5th Kentucky Cavalry, assumed command of the whole force then there, the 
8th and yth Michigan Cavalry being in the same brigade. 

The 9Lh left that point on the 7th, arriving at Lawrenceburg same day. 
Here Companies D, H, and B, in command of Major Gallagher, went in pur- 
suit of a detachment of Morgan's forces and engaging them at Cummings' 
Ford, scattered them, taking 32 prisoners, returning to Lawrenceburg on the 
10th. Companies F and C, under Major Way, had left Lawrenceburg on the 
Sth. Crossing the Kentucky River, marched to Cummings' Ford, thence to 
Parish, reuuning next day. Companies H and E, in command of Major 
Brockway, also left Jjawrenceburg on the yth on a scout, returning on the 
lOth, when the regiment marched to Westport, arriving there on the 12th, 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 707 

•where the 9th was divided. Companies A, B, F, and L, in command of Lieu- 
tenant Colonel Acker, with a section of Battery L, Ist Micliigan Light Artil- 
lery, in command of Lieutenant Roys, took transports for Cincinnati, arriving 
there on the 15th. They were immediately disembarked and oiderod by Gen- 
eral Burnside on a march, with a view to flanking Morgan's force, then mov- 
ing on the Ohio side of the river. 

Major Gallagher, with Company L, was ordered on a reconnoissance, and 
after marching about ten miles came upon the rear of the enemy's column, 
moving in the direction of Camp Dennison. The major, after careful obser- 
vation, returned to Cincinnati, and reported in person to General Burnside 
Morgan's movements and his force. 

Colonel Acker's command then joined the forces of General Hopson, at 
Montgomery, about 12 miles from Cincinnati, and the pursuit commenced 
after Morgan, marching day and night, coming upon the enemy's column at 
daylight on the 19th, at Buffington's Island. General Hopson's force attacked 
him in rear, while that under General Judah attacked him in front. The 
engagement was brisk, but short, and the rout of the enemy was complete, 
over 3,000 prisoners being taken by the Union forces, with some artillery and 
a large amount of small arms and equipments, with numerous horses and 
other property. 

The 9th was hotly engaged. Companies L and F under Major Gallagher, 
were dismounted and advanced as skirmishers, driving the rebel skirmish line, 
while Companies A and B, under Colonel Acker and Major Brock way, aiivanced 
and, with other forces, continued driving the enemy, turning their retreat into a 
complete rout. Major Gallagher, with Company F, in command of Lieuten- 
ant Karrer, charged on the rebel flank, capturing three pieces of artillery, a 
large number of prisoners, following the retreating enemy for about four 
miles, and until relieved by fresh troops. The 9th in this engagement cap- 
tured in all 500 prisoners and, besides the three pieces of artillery, a large 
amount of small arms and equipments. 

Another detachment of the 9th, in command of Colonel David, made up 
of Companies C and K and portions of A and B, with a section of Battery L, 
First Michigan Light Artillery, were ordered in pursuit of Morgan, and had 
embarked on transports at Lawrenceburgon July 14th, landing at Portsmouth, 
Ohio, on the 16th, thence pursuing the enemy in the direction of Chester, 
overtaking him and capturing some prisoners. Continuing the pursuit, the 
detachment reached Buffington's Island, and on the morning of Sunday, the 
19th, engaged the enemy at that point, taking a large number of pris^oners. 
After the fight. Colonel David's force was united with tiiat of Lieutenant 
Colonel Acker, when the regiment commenced a movement back to Coving- 
ton, and on the 31st of July arrived at that point. 

A correspondent writing from Danville says : 

"Here the 8th and 9th Michigan Cavaliy and 11th Michigan Battory were brigaded 
under command of Colonel W. H. Sauiniers, and on liie night of tlio 5th of July com- 
menced our stern chase after Morgan. Kentucky was soon run behind us, Indiana was 
four hours under our feet, and then we steamed up the river to Cincinnati. Morgan's 
main column was now lil'teen miles in our advance, and supposed to be moving towards 
Buffington Island. 'Can we catch them?' was the question on every tongue. Morgan 
was stealing every fresh horse over a belt of country ten miles wiile, and we had to follow 
■with horses we brought from Micliigan, already fatigued by tlie forced marriies of the 
last two weeks, but we carried no baggage but a horse bru.sli und feed bag, and we trod 
down the miles when the men literally ate llnnr rations and ft-ll asleep in the sjiddle. The 
last day we made nearly sixty miles, and came up to the rebels at six o'clock on tlie morn- 
ing of the 20th. Thompson's (11th Michigan) Battery, under command of Lieutenant 



708 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

Roys, held the advance, followed by the 9th Michigan Cavalry under command of Lieu- 
tenant Colonel Acker, (Colonel David with a part of the 8th and 9th had previously been 
ordered to report for duty to General Judah), and the 8th Michigan Cavalry, under com- 
mand of Lieutenant Colonel Wormer. A portion of Shackelford's brigade, comprising the 
14th Illinois Cavalry and one section of Henshaw's Battery had already engaged the 
enemy, Henshaw losing both of his guns, which were afterwards retaken. Colonel 
David, though absent from his command, found opportunity, while assisting General 
Judah, to exhibit his high courage. With sixty men he captured nearly two hundred of 
the rebels, and left them as evidences of Michigan's heroism in the hands of the com- 
manding general. The last two miles we made on the double quick, and thus outflanked 
the enemy before they were aware of our approach. There was no pausing for consulta- 
tion, but with the eye of a soldier Colonel Saunders had seen the position and moved his 
force from a 'double quick' immediately into action. A line of skirmishers was thrown 
out on the right and left, and Thompson's battery was ordered to open on the enemy from 
their center. Our approach had been rapid and under cover of the woods; we had reached 
to within eight hundred yards of the enemy before we opened fire. The two commands 
under Colonels Acker and Wormer now moved to the front and left, firing as they 
advanced, and telling fearfully on the confused ranks of the rebels. General Morgan had 
already fled, but Colonel Duke stiU struggled to remain master of the field. His regi- 
ments were called in from our rightand formed in line of battle on our left. Thompson's 
batterj' now opened on the center of their column with their rifled guns, with such rapid- 
ity and accuracy that they broke and fled. The 9th was now divided; two companies 
under Major Gallagher moved down on the right of their line of retreat, while Colonel 
Acker with the rest of his command pushed up on the right, capturing, after a charge on 
the gallop, Colonel Duke with one hundred and fifteen men, and turned the retreating 
rebels back on the 8th Michigan, who were waiting to give them a royal welcome. Col- 
onel Wormer captured two hundred prisoners. Among them was Colonel Dick Morgan, a 
brother of the notorious John. 

" Major Gallagher, in pursuit of the rebels, drove them down a deep ravine, where the 
descent was so abrupt that horses, gun carriages, and caissons were mingled in one mass 
of ruin. Of course their capture under the circumstances was an easy matter, and 
Major Gallagher, without waiting to extricate the horses, pushed on after the retreating 
rebels. " 

" Major Brockway pushed his command so far to the front that a man with less cool- 
ness and courage woidd have been ambushed, but for him it was only a storm of bullets 
and victory. " 

Another detachment, in command of Major Way, consisting of Companies 
D, E, H, and I, with a section of Battery L, 1st Michigan Light Artillery, 
under Lieutenant Gallagher, had left Westport, Ky., July 15th, on board 
transports, arriving at Cincinnati on the 16th, going into camp at Covington 
and remaining there until the 24th. Here companies C and K, from Ports- 
mouth, joined Major Way's command. This force on the above date also 
entered on the pursuit after Morgan, by way of the Little Miami railroad, 
arriving at Mingo Junction the 25th, and marched to La Grange and then via 
Sreubenville. Morgan, being tracked, was soon overtaken, when skirmishing 
commenced and continued until dark, with some loss in wounded, driving the 
enemy during the entire night, exchanging occasional shots. 

On the morning of the 26th, Morgan, being flanked and hard pressed, was 
forced into an engagement, which resulted, after a severe fight of an hour and 
a half, in tlie complete rout of his forces, with a loss of 23 killed, 44 wounded, 
and 305 prisoners, while the detachment of the 9th lost in wounded Lieu- 
tenant Fisk and 7 men. The pursuit was continued, Morgan, with the rem- 
nant of his troops, flying in confusion until, meeting with the forces under 
General Shackelford, he surrendered. 

From the Cleveland Herald: 

" In a short time the expected rebels made their appearance, coming around a bend In 
the road. On catching sight of the infantry they halted and turned their horses' heads in 
anotlier direction. But before they could get out of the trap they found themselves in, 
Major Way, with 250 men of the 9th Michigan Cavalry, dashed among them and com- 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 709 

menced cutting right and left. Tlie rebels made but a brief rosi^^tanco. A few shots 
were fired by them, and then the whole party broke in utter confusion. The scene that 
followed was almost ridiculous, and could only be matched by the previous stampede at 
Bufflngton's Island. Men dismounted, threw down their arms, and beirged for quarter, 
while others galloped around ■wildly in search of a place of escape, and were brought to 
time by a pistol shot or sabre stroke. 

"Morgan himsell' was riding in a carriage drawn by two white horses. Major Way 
saw him, and, galloping up, reach«>d for him. Morgan jumped out at the other side of the 
carriage, leaped over a fence, seized a horse, and galloped off as fast as horsellesh, 
spurred by frightened heels, could cany him. About a couple of hundred of Ids nien .suc- 
ceeded in "breaking away and following their fugitive leader. In the buggy thus lia>.tily 
evacuated by Morgan were found his rations, consisting of a loaf of bread, some hard 
boiled eggs, and a bottle of whisky. 

"A few of our cavalry were wounded, two or three seriously. Lieutenant Fisk was 
shot through the breast. His wound is dangerous, and he has telegraphed for his wife tc 
<5ome from Michigan." 

Following is a dispatch from Major Way, differing as to casualties, but it 

is presuuied that at the time it was made the matter had uot been fully 

investigated: 

SAiiNEViiiijE, Ohio, July 26, 1863. 
Oovernor Blair or Adjutant General Robertson: 

Yesterday a portion of the 9th Michigan cavalry, consisting of Companies C, Captain 
Stevens; D, Captain McBride; E, Captain Hinchey; H, Captain Eice; I, Captain Mc- 
Gowan; K, Lieutenant Fisk commanding, and one section of 11th Michigan battery (Bat- 
tery L), Lieutenant Gallagher commanding, consisting in all of two hundred and fifty 
men under my command, came upon Morgan's forces four miles from Steubenville and 
skirmished with them all night, driving them during the night twenty-five miles, and this 
morning at 8 o'clock we succeeded in forcing him to a general engagement, which resulted 
in a complete route of his forces, with a loss of from twenty lo twenty-five killed and 
forty-five wounded and two hundred and thirty-nine prisoners, one hundred and fifty 
horses, and one hundred and fifty stand of arms. 

Our loss is slight. The officers and men behaved nobly, and I can not say too much in 
their praise. 

W. B. WAY, 
Major Com'd'g 9th Mich. Cav. and 21th Mich. Battery. 

The regiment, having again been united at Covington, proceeded to Eick- 
luan's Bridge, and participated in the expedition of General liurnside into 
East Tennessee, arriving at Knoxviile September 3d, having skirmished at 
Loudon on the 2d. From Knoxville it proceeded to Cumberland Gap. On 
the 7th a detachment of the regiment drove in the rebel jiickets, entered the 
-Gap, and burned a large mill, on which the enemy depended to a great extent 
for subsistence. Loss of the regiment one killed and one wounded. On the 
8th, the rebels, '^,500 strong, with 14 cannon, surrendered to the Union forces. 

A correspondent of the Detroit Free Press wrote: 

"The 9th entered Knoxville and was with other troops Immediately pushed through to 
Cumberland Gap, which the enemy occupied with 2,600 men and 13 pieces of arullery, 
which were surrendered to the Union forces. 

"On the night before the surrender, the 9th Michigan and 2d Tennessee cavalry, in 
command of Colonel David, of the 9th, were ordered to drive In the advance and if possi- 
ble burn a fiouring mill then in tlieir possession. For two miles tliey advanced as rapidly 
as the nature of the country would permit. Michigan was elaled, Teniicbbee began to 
falter. They had been brouglit up among those mouiiUdns and were familiar with every 
inch of the ground, and they assured Colonel David that to reach the mill over such 
rock-ribbed barriers and in face of the enemy's fire was impo&sible, and to ilum the 
march was ended. 

" But the colonel thought differently, and reasoned from probabilities. He did not know 
the nature of the ground more than a distant view could give to a careful observer, but 
he did know the lighting qualities of his men, and said in a manner peculiar to himself, 
' Well, well; give me the advance and wo will take care of the mill.' Michigan moved on 
.alone, drove the enemy from the rocky fastncbses, burned ihe mill, and went back with 



710 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

the loss of only one man killed and three wounded. Colonel David received for himself 
and regiment the commendations of General Shackelford, commanding." 

Subsequently the regimeut was engaged at Carter's Station September 22d, 
loss one killed, four wounded. Zollicoffer September 24th, driving the enemy 
into his fortifications. Blue Springs October 5th and 10th, loss 2 wounded, 
and at Ray town, October llth lost 2 killed and 2 wounded. 

After it arrived at Covington, Ky., in May, 1863, this regiment marched 
nearly 3,000 miles, exclusive of marches by detachments while scouting, 
foraging, etc. 

At the beginning of November, 1863, the regiment was at Henderson 
Station, East Tennessee, and seems to have performed a considerable amount 
of scouting during the month in that portion of the State. Its December 
return notes its march towards Knoxville on the 6th, and a skirmish with the 
enemy on Clinch Mountain on the 7th, during a march of thirty miles. On 
the 10th, while on reconnoissance, it met the enemy two miles from Moores- 
^own, and successfully engaged him, and on the 12th was occupied, with its 
brigade, in a sharp action near Russellville. The position of the regiment at 
Bean's Station was attacked on the 14th, and the command fell back towards 
Ratk'dge. The next two days the regiment, in command of Major Brock- 
wav (Colonel Acker being wounded at Bean's vStation), while acting as rear 
guard, was engaged in constant skirmishing near Rutlcdge. Later in the 
month it was in skirmishes at Dandredge and Mosrsy Creek. 

On the 16th of January, 1864, the regiment, then in command of Major 
Gallagher, moved from Dandredge in the direction of Bull's Gap, and 
encountered the enemy's infantry in large force at Kinsboro Cross-roads. 
After a severe fight of about half an hour the regiment fell back on Dan- 
dredge, having lost 32 in killed, wounded, and missing. The next day it was 
skirmishing from noon till dark near the same place, and fell back to New 
Market, having been engaged at Fair Garden, Sevierville, and Strawberry 
Plains. Thence it moved, via Strawberry Plains, to Knoxville. Further 
memoranda refer to continued marches and counter marches during the 
month, which closed with the regimeut on Little river. The May return 
notes the encampment of the regiment near Nicholas ville, Ky., waiting for 
equipment. 

In June following, this regiment was again found fighting with the notorious 
Morgan, near Cynthiana, Ky. It appears that on June 9th the regiment, 
then in command of Colonel Acker, was in camp at Nicholasville, and 
ordered to scout as far as Bayley's Cross-roads, a distance of fourteen 
miles, with orders that if the enemy was found to engage him. Not finding 
him, Colonel Acker returned. On the 10th he marched to Lexington, whera 
a battalion of the regiment, in command of Major McBride, met with a portion 
of Morgan's command, had a brisk skirmish, and retired. On the llth the- 
regiment marched to Paris and bivouacked for two hours; after dark started 
for Cynthiana, leading the horses the most of the way, so as to make as little 
noise as possible. Just at daylight on the 12tli the enemy was found behind 
rail barricades; the llth Michigan Cavalry and 12th Ohio Cavalry wore in 
line of battle on foot for the purpose of driving him from the barricades, 
while the 9tb Michigan charged him on his left fiank in most splendid style, 
taking 300 prisoners, about 500 horses, and a large quantity of small arms, 
also a number of beef -cattle. Tlie charge was a bniliaut affair, completely 
routing the enemy driving great numbers of his troops into the Licking 
river in much confusion and thoroughly demoralized. 



MICHIGAN IX THE WAJl. 711 

On the 30th of June, 18G4, it was again at Nicholasville. At the be^^inning 
of August, the 9Lh, in coainiand of Major Way, was at Marietta, Ga., and on 
the 8th marched to General Schofield's headquarters before Atlanta. On the 
9th it moved to the extreme right flank of the Union army and reported to the 
officer commanding the cavalry division of the 23d corps. Alter repeated 
reconnoissances it joined General Kilpatrick in a raid on the Montgomery 
railroad, the regiment having the advance. The men being destitute of 
rations, during part of this raid, were obliged to subsist on green corn. Fre- 
quent reconnoissances, picket duty, and guarding trains occupied the rest of 
the month, during which the regiment marclied 193 miles. 

Tiiere are no notes of the movements of the regiment in the returns for 
February, March, April, July, and Se})teniber. 

October 1st, the 9th was at Decatur. Lieutenant M. F. Lockwood was 
killed October 2d, 1864, while ou a scout near Stone Mountain, Ga. On the 
11th it is noted as starting on a foraging expedition, from which it returned 
on the the 13th, having marched 82 miles. It started on a similar expeditioa. 
ou the 26th, and returned to camp on the 30th, having nuirched 117 mik-s,. 
and lost 1 man killed and 1 officer and 11 men captured, wuile on i)icket. 
During this month the regiment drew forage for only two days, relying on th& 
country for the subsistence of its horses. 

A correspondent wrote at the time : 

" Though we have not been in any engagement as a regiment for several weeks, our 
losses have been veiy heavy of late. The country around us is Uteraiiy tilled with guer- 
rillas and bushwhackers, who never lose an opportunity of surprising, capturing, and 
kilUng (murdering would be the more proper term), small parties of our men wiio venture 
outside our pickets. Those devils in human form do not possess the honor nor ilie bravery 
of a true southeru soldier, but, like the cowards that they are, seek lor safety and pro- 
tection in the dense forests surrounding us. "When anything like an equality of men are 
sent to oppose them, should they have so great a supiuiuhty of numbers Lilat the ques- 
tion of success would not admit of a doubt, even tlien they secrete themselves and 
invariably attempt to draw our men into a carefully prepared ambush. When they 
accomphsh their purpose certain death awaits the poor unfortunates, for prisoners are 
considered unnecessary incumbrances, and their men are seldom burdent-d witli them. 
Lieutenant James C. Darrah, of Company D, a brave and gallant young oUicer, wliilo in 
command of a scouting party was attacked by a force of Texaji Eangers vastly oulnum- 
bering him. In the engagement the Lieutenant received a severe wound in tht; leg. 
Though he suffers much pain, he is fast recovering! We trust he will soon be restored to 
us. During the short time he was in the hands of the enemy they showed him all atten- 
tion, and tried every possible means to reUeve his suffering. 

"One of the saddest misfortunes that has ever befallen our regiment occurred on the 
2d of this month (October). Lieutenant Lockwood, of Company K, and fifteen of his men 
scouting in the direction of Stone Mountain were led mto an ambush and shot down. Of 
the fifteen men but six made their escape. The bodies of Lieutenant Lockwood, Ser- 
geant Black, Sergeant Butler, and Corporal Kemple, who were instantly killed, were 
recovered. Lieutenant Lockwood had but recently joined the regiment, but in every 
engagement displayed a bravery that could but win the admiration of the entire command. 
The sergeants and corporal were men of tried courage, and their loss will be much 
regretted. I know I express the feehngs of eveiy officer and man in our re;,'iment, when 
I say that a heartfelt sympathy is extended to the families and friends of these unfortu- 
nate men." 

This regiment, November 1, 1864, was serving with General Shut man's 
army, then engaged on the Atlanta campaign, and was in camp at Atlanta, 
Ga., employed on escort and picket duty, and various scouting e.xpeditions. 
On the 12th, Company II, while on a s uut towards Decatur, had a sligiit skir- 
mish with the enemy at that point, ami on the 13ili the regiment niaiclied to 
the same place and became engaged in a brush with the rebel cavalry. On the 
14th, while proceeding to join General Kilpairick's command, it came up with 



712 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

a small force of the enemy, which was soon dispersed and driven o£E by Com- 
pany D. Having joined the command under General Kilpatrick, the march 
southward with General Sherman's army was commenced. The regiment, in 
command of Colonel Acker, moved with its division towards Macon and skir- 
mished with the enemy's cavalry during the entire day on the 16th, near Love- 
joy's Station, encamping that night; next morning continued the march, and 
the day following made a forced march to Clinton, a distance of thirty miles, 
engaging and driving the enemy the enemy the whole distance, taking thirty 
prisoners. Commencing the movement on Macon on the 20th, three companies 
of the regiment were sent to Griswoldville, where, after a skirmish with a 
rebel force, four of whom were killed, the command burned the town, arsenal, 
and railroad depot with a train of cars, and took seventy-five prisoners. On 
the 21st the whole division was engaged at Macon, and during the night the 
regiment was picketing the Macon road. Eesuming the march, reached Gor- 
don on the 23d, and on the 24th became engaged at Milledgeville, and thence 
proceeded to Gillam's plantation on the 25th, and on the 26th, after hard 
fighting all day, and marching 28 miles, reached Louisville. 

On the 27th the regiment moved in the direction of Waynesboro, and on 
the 28th was engaged while covering the rear of the division, losing two men 
killed and one wounded. Near Louisville, on the 29th, the regiment ^rove 
two brigades of the enemy from a mill, after a slight engagement. Proceed- 
ing towards Waynesboro on the 1st, 2d, and 3d of December, skirmishing 
during the night of the 2d; encamped on the night of the 3d; attacked 
Wheeler's cavalry on the 4th, driving them through Waynesboro in great con- 
fusion. On the morning of the battle Kilpatrick broke camp at 4 A. M., 
and when within about two miles of Waynesboro struck the rebel General 
Wheeler's command. The 9th Michigan was the third regiment in column, 
the 92d Illinois was acting as skirmishers, and the 10th Ohio cavalry in 
line mounted. On reaching within about a mile of the town the enemy made 
a stand, when the 10th Ohio charged, but were driven back in confusion. 
The 9th Michigan was then ordered to charge, and had to form while on the 
run from column of fours to that of battalions, driving the enemy from the 
field, taking 100 prisoners, and a large amount of small arms, and losing only 
one man killed, three wounded, and five horses shot. The charge was spoken 
of with favorable comment by General Kilpatrick and the brigade com- 
mander, General S. Atkins, in their official reports, and also received special 
notice in the report of the commanding general to the War Department. 
During the 5th and 6th the march was continued, the enemy attacking the 
regiment vigorously. On the 7th a charge was made by the 2d battalion in 
command of Major McBride, at Cypress Swamp, and after a severe fight, in 
which it lost two killed, two wounded, and five missing, he was compelled to 
retire. In this charge fell the gallant Captain Frederick S. Ladd. 

Advancing on the 8th and 9th in the direction of Savannah, skirmishing 
on the 9th, and continuing the movement forward on the 10th and 11th, 
having a brush on the 11th at Arnold's plantation, the regiment marched 
on the 12th to St. Catherine's Sound, communication was opened with the 
fleet on the 13th, and on the 14th it joined its division at King's Bridge, and 
on the 17th was ordered to Altamalia bridge, where it had a sharp engage- 
ment. From December 18th until January 1st, 1865, the regiment was in 
camp near Savannah, when it marched to Midway Ciiurch. Remaining there 
three days, it returned to its former camp, and on the 27th, with its division, 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 713 

started on the Carolina campaign, reaching Sister's Ferry on tlie 3uth, and 
crossing the Savannah river into Sonth Carolina Febrnary 3d. The niarcli 
was continued on the 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8Lh, continuhig onwurd on tlio 
9th and 10th, becoming engaged at Sulkehatchie on the Gtb, and at White Pond 
on the 9th. Moving towards Aiken on the 11th, the command was engaged 
with Wheeler's and Hampton's cavalry, and on tiieir being reinforced by 
infantry, the command retired after a sharp 6ght, the regiment covering the 
rear. On the 12th was engaged in skirmishing during the entire day and 
night, reaching the South Fork of the £<iisto the next day, and during the 
night of the 14th marched to the North Fork of that river and had a brush 
with the enemy within ten miles of Lexington on the 15th. Reaching that 
point on the 16th, it was ordered across the Saluda river to reinforce a picket 
post. Marching to Broad river on the 17th, it charged and took possession of 
the bridge, but was unable to save it as it had been fired, by the enemy before 
his retreat. Crossing the river on the 18th. passing Monticello to Bhicksiock 
Station on the 22d, and burning the railroad depot and stores, it crossed the 
Catawba river into North Carolina on the ni>,^lit of the 23d on pontoons. The 
regiment continued its march, reaching Phillips's Cross Roaiis on the 4th of 
March, where it engaged the enemy for three hours, a detachment of the reg- 
iment destroying the stables and a grist mill at Wadesboro after a brisk skir- 
mish. Crossing the Great Pedee river on the 6th, on the 7th it marched to 
Kockingham, burning a large factory at that point. Continuing tlie march 
on the 8th and 9ch, the roads becoming extremely bad, it was found neces- 
sary to build considerable causeway and a bridge, the regiment working in 
the water all day, having slight skirmishes with Hampton's cavalry, and on 
the 10th it became heavily engaged with the enemy at Solemn Grove. 
Reaching within three miles of Fayetteville on the 11th, passing through that 
place and crossing Cape Fear river on the 14th, participated in the attacks on 
the enemy in an entrenched position at Averysboro, on the 15th, the engage- 
ment continuing for three hours, in which one hundred prisoners and two 
pieces of artillery were taken, and the euemy driven in the direction of Neuso 
river. Moving towards the Neuse on the 16th, skirmishing with the enemy 
throughout the day, and proceeding on the march during tlie 17th, 18th, and 
19th, on the 20th and 2l8t it took part in the heavy engagement at Bentonville. 
Continuing the march on the 22d, arrived at Clinton on the 23d, and at 
the Raleigh and Smithfield railroad on the 11th of A|)ril, skirmisliing at that 
point. Reaching within six miles of Raleigh on the 12th, a sharp engagement 
took place, and on the 13th, after some light skirmishing at Morrisville, 
Raleigh was surrendered to General Kilpatrick. Resuming the march on the 
14th, the regiment reached Chapel Hill on the 17ii'. Ilillsboro May 3d, 
Greensboro the 5th, Lexington the 11th, arriving at Concord on the 14th, 
where in command of Lieutenant Colonel Brockway, it rLinained in camp 
until July 9th, where it was mustered out of service on the 2l8t, ordered 
back to Lexington, and on the 23d started for Michigan by rail, passing 
through Greensboro, Danville, Burksville Junction, and City Point, and thence 
via Baltimore, Pittsburg, Cleveland, and Detroit, to Jackson, arriving there ou 
the 30th of July. 

The service of this regiment was continuous in the field, and its record bears 
favorable comparison with Michigan cavalry regiments generally. In one 
respect it was exceptional, the 9th being the only Michigan cavalry regiment 
having the honor of marching with General Shermau'g army to the ocean, 

90 



714 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

and composed the escort of General Kilpatrick when he opened communica- 
tion between that army and the Atlantic coast, and at the time wlien that 
important and interesting dispatch from General Howard, of Sherman's army, 
dated December 9th, 1SG4, to the American fleet in St. Catherine's Sound, on 
tlie coast of Georgia, reaching it on the 13tli of that month, saying: *'We 
have had perfect success, and army in fine spirits." 

The regiment was in engagements with the enemy at Triplett Bridge, Ky., 
June 19, lb63 ; Lebanon, Ky., July 5, 1863 ; Salvisa, Ky., July 7, 1803 ; 
Cummings Ferry, Ky., July 9, 1863; Buthitigton's Island, Ohio, July 19, 
1803; tSalineville, Ohio, July 26, 1863; Loudon, Tenn., September 2, 1863; 
Cumberland Gap, Tenn., September 9, 1863; Carter's Station, Tenn., Sep- 
tember 21, 1863; Zollicotfer, Tenn., September 25, 1863; Leesburg, Tenn., 
September 39, 1863; Blue Springs, Tenn., October 5 and 10, 1863; Rhea- 
town, Tenn., Octobe*' 11, 1863; siege of Knoxville, Tenn., December 5, 1863; 
Morristuwn, Tenn., December 10, 1863; Russellville, Tenn., December 12, 
1863; Bean's Station, Tenn., December 14, 1863; Rutledge, Tenn., December 
15, 1863; Dandridge, Tenn., December 25, 1863; Mossy Creek, Tenn., 
December 26, 1863; Kinsboro's X Roads, January 16, 1864; Dandridge, 
Tenn., January 17, 1864; Fair Garden, Tenn., January 24, 1864; Sevier- 
ville, Tenn., January 27, 1864; Strawberry Plains, Tenn., January, 1864; 
Morristown, Tenn., March 19, 1864; Charles X Roads, Tenn., March 20, 
1804; Cyiithiana, Tenn., June 12, 1864; siege of Atlanta, Ga., August 1 to 
September 3, 1864; Stone Mountain, Ga., September 13, 1864. Lovejoy's 
Station, Ga., November 16, 1864; Clinton, Ga., November 19, 1864; Gris- 
woldville, Ga., November 20, 1864; Macon, Ga., November 21, 1864; Mil- 
ledgeville, Ga.. November 24, 1864; Louisville, Ga., November 26, 1864; 
Waynesboro, Ga., November 28, 1864; Louisville, Ga., November 29, 1864 ;, 
Waynesboro, Ga., December 4, 1864; Cypress Swamp, Ga., December 7, 
1864; near Savannah, (ja., December 9, 1864; Arnold's plantation, Ga., 
December 11, 1804; Altamaha Bridge, Ga., December 17, 1864; Salke- 
hatchee, S. C, February 6, 1865; White Pond, S. C, February 9, 1865^ 
Aiken, S. C, February 11, 1805; Lexington, S. C, February 15, 1805; 
Broad River Bridge, S. C, February 17, 1865 ; Phillips's X Roads, N. C, 
March 4, 1865; Wadesboro, N. C, March 4, 1865; Solemn Grave, N. C, 
March 10, 1865; Averysboro, N. C, March 14 and 15, 1865; Bentonville, 
N. C, March 20 and 21, 1865; Raleigh and Smithfield railroad, N. C.^ 
April 11, 1865; Raleigh, N. C, April 12, 1865; Morrisville, N. C, April 13, 
1865. 

The regiment had borne on its rolls 2,057 officers and men, and had lost 2^ 
officers and 23 men killed in action, 3 men died of wounds, and 2 officers and 
151 men of disease, being a total of 181. 

"Oh! could from death but recover 

Those hearts as they bounded before, 
In the face of high heav'n to fight over 
The combat for freedom once morel" 

Notes. — General S. Atkins, Colonel of the 92d Illinois Mounted Infantry, who com- 
manded the brigade in -which the 9th served while on the Sherman campaign, said in a 
Bpeech made at a re-union of his regiment in 1867, that in a book recently published In 
Now York, edited by a southorn lady, credit is given to his brigade for firing the last 
loyal shot at the rebels prior to the surrender of Johnston's array. This occurred in a- 
hkirniish in which the 9th Michigan was engaged at MorrisiMlle, near Raleigh, on April 13,. 
1865, the day on which the latter place was surrendered to General Kilpatrick. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 716 

On the Sherman mai-ch, during a skirmish of the 9th Michigan Cavalry, and while sev- 
eral dead and wounded were being brought in, one of the wounded, suftfring great pain, 
was complaining loudly. An Irishman engaged in helping him was accos-ted by one of the 
ofiQcers and directed to handle the wounded man carefully. " I do, " said Tat, "but 'tis no 
use; he will hollow wid all his might, and malie more noise about his wound than that dead 
fellow lying there. " 

Extract from the journal of Colonel Alston, Chief of John Morgan's staff: 
"While I was paroling the prisoners, a courier arriveil informing me that the enemv were 
approaching with two regiments of cavalry and a battery of artillery, and that skirmishing was 
then going on with our pickets. I was, therefore, obliged to order the" prisoners to spniigiield on a 
double quick, .'^oon after we left Lebanon, the hardest rain I ever e.\pcrionced commenced to fall, 
and coniinued until 9 o'clock. Arrived at 8pringlleld atdark, when I hailed the prisoners in order to 
parole ihdse who were not paroleil at Lebanon, and formally dismissed them. This ileiaint d me 
at Sprmgtield two hours after the command had passed. Wet and chilly, worn out, hctrae tired and 
hungry, stopped to feed her. Falling asleep, was aroused by one of the men Siaricil on to the 
command. When I reached the point on the Bardstown road where I had expected the '2d brigade 
to encamp, was halted by a party of cavaly. Supposing them to be our own pickets, I rode up 
promptly to correct them for standing in full view of any one approaching, when lol to my inorti- 
flcation 1 found myself a prisoner. How I hated it no one can understand. The first thought, 
after my wife and children, was my fine mare ' Fannie Johnson,' named after a pretty little couoin 
of Itichniond, Va. I said, 'poor Fannie, who will treat you as kindly as 1 have.' 1 turned her over 
to the captain and begged him to take care of her, which he promised to do." 



TENTH REGIMENT CAVALRY. 



" Then for the battle, 
The mad charging battle, 
The cannon's fierce rattle, 
The victor's wild cheers." 

The rendezvous of the 10th cavalry was ac Grand Rapids. The regiment 
was raised under the direction of Colonel Thaddeus Foote, of the 6th Mich- 
igan cavalry. Its recruitment commenced July 4th, 1863, and it was mustered 
into the service of the United States on the 18th of November following, hav- 
ing on the rolls 915J officers and men. 

fieijD and staff. 

Thaddeus Foote, Colonel, Grand Rapids. Luther S. Trowbridge, Lieutenant Colonel, 
Detroit. Israel C. Smith, Grand Rapids, Cicero Newel, Ypsilanti, and Wesley Armstrong, 
Lapeer, Majors. David C. Spaulding, Surgeon, Lyons. Charles W. Leonard, Newaygo, 
and "William D. Scott, Greenville, Assistant Sureeons. Charles E. Soule, Adjutant, 
Lyons. Oliver N. Taylor, Quartermaster, Grand Rapids. Don. A. Dodge, Commissary, 
Grand Rapids. Henry Cherry, Chaplain, Owosso. 

The companies as mustered were as follows: 

A. Captain, John H. Standish, Broolis. First Lieutenant, Henry W. Seers, Musliegon. 
Second Lieutenant, Wallace W. Dickinson, Newaygo. 

B. Captain, Roderick L. Bryan, Franklin. First Lieutenant, Adam R. Insley, Mu ■. 
Second Lieutenant, Samuel T. Bryan, Jr., Franklin. 

C. Captain, Benjamin K. Weatlierwax, Grand Rapids. First Lieutenant, Stephen V. 
Thomas, Elba. Second Lieutenant, Lord W\ Hinnian, Elba. 

D. Captain, Archibald Stevenson, Bay City. First Lieutenant, Frederick N. Field, 
Grand Rapids. Second Lieutenant, William H. Dunn, Ganges. 

E. Captain, Harvey E. Light, Eureka. First Lieutenant, Edwin J. Brooks, Leelanaw. 
Second Lieutenant, Robert G. Barr, Grand Rapids. 

F. Captain, Chauncey F. Shepherd, Owosso. First Lieutenant, WiUiam E. Cummings, 
Corunna. Second Lieutenant, Myron A. Conveise, Corunna. 

G. Captain, James B. Roberts, Ionia. First Lieutenant, Ambrose L. Soule, Lyons. 
Second Lieutenant, George W. French, Lyons. .• 

H. Captain, Peter N. Cook, Antrim. First Lieutenant, Edgar P. Byerly, Owosso. 
Second Lieutenant, John Q. A. Cook, Anlrlni. 

I. Captain, Amos T. Ayers, Bingham. First Lieutenant, Enos B. Bailey, Bingham. 
Second Lieutenant, George M. Farnham, St. Johns. 

K. Captain, Andrew J. Itsell, Marion. Fiist Lieutenant, WUliam T. Merritt, Eaton 
Rapids. Second Lieutenant, William Yerrington, Muir. 

L. Captain, Elliott F. Covell, Grand Rnpld;^. First Lieutenant, James H. Cummins, 
Holly. Second Lieutenant, Edwin A. Botsford, Fenton. 

M. Captain, James L. Smith, Plainlield. First Lieutenant, B. Franklin Sherman, 
Grand Rapids. Second Lieutenant, Jeremiah W. Boynton, Grand Rapids. 

The regiment left its rendezvous December 1, 1863, in command of Colonel 
Foote, under orders to proceed to the field in Kentucky via Cincinnati to Lex- 

(716) 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 717 

ington, where it remained until the 25th January, 1864, when it moved to 
Burnside Point, having engaged the enemy at House Mountain. 

The 10th remained at Burnside Point from the 2d to the 25th of February, 
when it marched for Knoxville, East Tennessee, reaching there March 6th, 
and thence marched on the 16th to Morristown via Strawberry Plains. On 
March 2Gth it made a reconnois'^ance with a brigade of infantry to Beau's 
Station, and had a slight skirmish with the enemy. 

On the 24th of April the regiment moved from that point under orders from 
General J. D. Cox, commanding 3d Division, 23d Army Corps, to destroy a 
railroad bridge over the Watauga river at Cartei-'s Station. Having skir- 
mished with the enemy at Kheatown on the 24th, at Jonesboro and Johnson- 
ville on the 25th, reaching Carter's Station on that day, where, in command 
of Lieutenant Colonel Trowbridge, together with the 3d Indiana ("avalry, sup- 
ported if necessary by Manson's brigade of Cox's division, which marched up 
as far as Jonesboro, twelve miles from Carter's Station, the enemy was dis- 
covered in strong force aud in a well fortified position, and the assault was at 
once commenced. 

Tlie bridge was defended by the rebel General A. E. Jackson, called "Mud- 
wall Jackson," with a strong force occupying a strong redoubt, witli extensive 
and well constructed riiie-pits. The Union force iial one mountain how- 
itzer, commanded by Lieutenant E. J. Brooks, but owing to a very limited 
amount of amniunition he was unable to accomplish much, yet made some 
remarkably telling shots. It was soon ascertained that there was no possible 
way of reaching the bridge without first dislodging the enemy from their strong 
position, and this had to be accomplished at much risk by passing over per- 
fectly open ground for a distance of two hundred yards, swept by a very sharp 
and hot cross-fire from the opposite side of the river. Yet, being the first 
heavy undertaking of the regiment, Colonel Trowbridge felt unwilling to 
retire without accomplishing something, as it would produce an unfavorable 
effect upon his command. He therefore decided to make an attempt, dis- 
mounting about one-third of his men. With this small force he ordered an 
advance upon the enemy's position at double quick, when they gave way iu 
great disorder, leaving their works and taking shelter in a large mill near at 
hand, Major Israel C. Smith being the first man to enter the redoubt, and Cap- 
tain Benjamin K. Weatherwax the second. Assoon as the redoubt was gained 
an attempt was made to drive the enemy out of the mill, but the charging 
force was met with such a terrible and destructive volley that it was abandoned. 
In this daring and gallant attempt Captain Weatherwax lost his life, being 
shot through the heart. Colonel Trowbridge, in a special report of the affair, 
says of him : " Tlius was lost to us one of the most gallant and worthy offi- 
cers wiiom I have ever met. Full of noble and generous sympathy, the lofti- 
est })atriotism, with that courage which knows no fear, his loss was most 
deeply felt by the entire regiment." The fight was a brilliant success, though 
obtcinied at a loss of seventeen killed and wounded, and must be recognized as 
an uncommon victory, considering it was gained by dismounted cavalry, new 
and undisciplined, over a much superior force of well trained infantry hold- 
ing strong defensive works, and having, iu addition, to meet a most galling 
cross-lire of tlie enemy, thus rendering the success uncoininon at that stage of 
the rebellion, and should bo classed among the most gallant minor victories of 
the war. 

For the gallant charge on the enemy's works, the 10th was iiighly compli- 
mented by General Schofield. 



718 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

The loss in the whole command was 1 officer and 3 men killed, 16 wounded 
and 4 missing. Of this the 10th lost 1 officer and 2 men killed, 8 wounded, 
and 3 missing. 

The regiment was also engaged at Powder Spring Gap on April 28th, 1864; 
at Diindridge, May 19th. On the 28th areconnoissance was made from Straw- 
berry Plains by one hundred and sixty men of the regiment. Next day 
reached Bull's Gap, and the day following at Greenville, where, at 2:30 P. 
M., the enemy was encountered one hundred strong. A brisk fight ensued, 
the rebels losing '^4 killed, 14 wounded, 38 horses and mules captured, and 
26 prisoners and 17 negroes; returned on the 31st to Strawberry Plains. 

In June it met the enemy in skirmishes at Morristown on the 2d, Beau's 
Station 16th, Rogersville ITth, Kingsport 18th, Cany Branch 20th, New 
Market 21st, Mooresburg 23d, Williams's ford 25th, and on the 28th at Dutch 
Bottom. 

Says Colonel Trowbridge in a report: 

"I was ordeied to go up near the Virginia line to capture a large number of horses that 
■were said to be in pasture. It was not expected that I would meet the enemy before I 
reached Kingsport, but unfortunately for the success of my enterprise, I met them at 
Bean's Station. I at once ordered Captain Robeils, with two companies, to charge them. 
One of the companies was commanded by Lieutenant, afterwards Cuptain Brooks. Bi'ooka 
was smarting under some Ul treatment from a superior officer, and immediately dashed 
forward with his company. After routing the rebels handsomely and charging them for 
a couple of miles. Captain Eoberts wisely ordered a halt; but Brooks had gone ahead with 
a few men, and actually kept up that charge, with three men with him, for a distance of 
ten miles and a half. Captain Brooks was afterwards rewarded for his gallantry by the 
brevets of Major and Lieutenant Colonel." 

During the month of July and the early part of August, detachments of the 
regiment were constantly engaged in scouting and pursuing small bands of the 
enemy in East Tennessee, meeting him at Sevierville July 5th, at Newport 
July 8th, at Morristown August 5th, and on the 4th at Greenville. 

On the 17th of August the 10th was ordered to report for temporary duty to 
Brigadier General Gillem, commanding the East Tennessee expedition, and on 
the 18th left Strawberry Plains under command of Lieutenant Colonel Trow- 
bridge, three hundred and twenty-five strong, three companies, D, F, and I, 
being left at Knoxville. Proceeding on the march, skirmishes with the enemy 
occurred at Mossy Creek on the 18th, at Bull's Gap on the 21st. On the 23d 
Giltner's brigade was met at Blue Springs, where a sharp fight took place, 
when the enemy, being dislodged from a strong position and pursued for seven 
miles, was driven in great confusion through Greenville, the 10th losing 6 men 
wounded, 2 of whom died of their wounds. 

Having moved through Rogersville, Bean's Station, and Bull's Gap, the 
regiment returned on the 3Jst to Strawberry Plains. 

While the 10th was absent, the convalescents and special duty men of the 
regiment, in command of Captain J. II. Standish, numbering about 125 men, 
were left in garrison at Strawberry Plains with some 150 from other commands. 
They were attacked on August 24th by a rebel cavalry corps under Wheeler, 
numbering from 6,000 to 8,000 men, with nine pieces of artillery. The Union 
troops made a successful defense against this force, and thus saved the post 
from capture and the great railroad bridge from destruction. 

During tliis attack seven of Standish's men, by hard fighting held McMil- 
lan's Ford, on the Ilolstou river, for three and a half hours against a brigade 
of rebel cavalry, killing forty or fifty of them, but were finally surrounded and 
captured. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. • 719 

Colonel Trowbridge furnishes the following incident connected with the 
repulse of Wheeler nt Strawberry Plains, on August 24th : 

"Eight men were sent to guard McMillan's Ford, on the Holston; one of them went oflf 
on his own hook, so that seven were left. One of thoiu was a large, powerful fellow, the 
farrier of company B, by the name of Alexander H. Griggs, supposed to belong to 
Greenfield, Wayne county. These seven men actually kept back a rebel brigade from 
crossing that ford for three and a half hours by desperate fighting, killing forty or fifty. 
The rebels, by swimming the river above and below the ford, succeeded in capturing the 
whole parly. During the fight this big farrier was badly wounded in the shoulder. 

" General Wheeler was much astonished at the valor of these men, and at once paroled 
a man to stay and take care of this wounded man. Approaching the wounded farrier, the 
following dialogue is said to have taken place: 

" General WHEEiiER. Well, my mtin, how many men had you at the ford? 

" Griggs. Seven, sir. 

" Wheeler. My poor fellow, don't you know that you are badly wounded? You might 
as well tell me the truth; you may not live long. 

" Griggs (indignantly). I am telling the truth, sir. We had only seven men. 

"Wheeler laughing). Well, what did you expect to do? 

" Griggs. To keep you from crossing, sir. 

"Wheeler (ureatly amused and laughing). Well, why didn't you do It? 

"Griggs. Why, you see, we did until you hit me, and that weakened our forces ao 
fnuch that you were too much for ua. 

" Wheeler was greatly amused, and inquired of another prisoner (who happened to be 
a horse farrier too), 'Are all the 10th Michigan like you fellows?' ' Oh, no!' said the man, 
' we are the poorest of the lot. We are mostly horse farriers and blacksmiths, and not 
much accustomed to fighting.' 'WeU,' said Wheeler, 'if I had 300 such men as you I 
■could march straight through h — I." 

On the same day Major Smith, of the 10th, was sent out from Knoxville 
with 72 men, all the mounted force that could be mustered, to scout in the 
•direction of Strawberry Plains and ascertain the position of the enemy. With 
the true spirit of a cavalryman, he ordered his advance guard to charge the 
first party of rebels they should see. They discovered the enemy two and a 
half miles from Flat Creek Bridge, and, according to orders, charged them in 
gallant style. Smith followed up with his command. The enemy proved to 
be the 8th Texas Cavalry, 400 strong. Smith routed them completely, cap- 
turing their commanding officer, a lieutenant colonel, and 30 or 40 prisoners, 
and was hotly })ursuiug them at a full gallop when he came to Flat Creek 
Bridge — a long, high, and narrow bridge. Over this Smith charged, to find 
himself confronted by Hume's division of rebel cavalry, 2,000 strong, drawn 
up in line of battle, scarcely 300 yards from the bridge. Of course he had- to 
get away, which he succeeded in doing without any very great loss, though 
the enemy charged him for seven miles. The boldness of the thing annoyed 
the rebels not a little, and they ever after entertained a wholesome fear of the 
10th Michigan Cavalry. 

This regiment, in command of Colonel Trowbridge, wtis stationed at Straw- 
berry Plains, September 1, 18G4, engaged in fortifying that point, and 
in the usual routine of camp duty and occasional scouting. On the 4th it par- 
ticipated in suritrising and routing Morgan's forces. 

Morgan, with a force of about 7,000 men, made up of nine pieces of artil- 
lery, two regiments of infantry, and his entire cavalry force, are encamped 
along the Greenville road, in East Tennessee. Tiie lOtii .Miciiigan Cavalry, 
then in command of Major Newell, encamped near liulls' Gap, is ordered by 
General Gillam to attack the enemy's camp. Marching all night, he dis- 
mounts his men at daylight and charges into Morgan's first camp, driving the 
enemy in hot haste, leaving their breakfast half cooked, and their dead and 



720 • MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

wounded. Reaching the second camp, the enemy is found in better condition. 
General Gillam comes up with the 9th Tennessee Cavalry (Colonel BjowdIow), 
orders that regiment to the charge with sabres, bu^t a sharp fire from the 
enemy drove the regiment back. The 13th Tennessee Cavalry (Colonel 
Miller) comes up, the enemy driving the 9th advances rapidly, with a large 
cavalry force, at least 1,000 strong, filling the road from fence to fence. The 
10th Michigan opens fire at about half pistol range with carbines, and soon 
the road is blocked with dead and wounded men and horses. The enemy, 
confused, hastily falls back, pursued to the woods, but is slielled out and 
pushes on to Greenville; is again charged on, becomes demoralized, breaks 
up, and flees. Morgan and staff are discovered under shelter of a house; a 
company of the 13th Tennessee is sent to capture him; he ruslies for his 
horse, but is shot in the attempt by a sergeant of the company. One hundred 
prisoners, including Morgan's staff and six pieces of artillery, taken. 

During this month the 10th was constantly engaged in pursuing the forces 
of Morgan and Wheeler, and skirmished at Sweet Water and Thorn Hill on 
the 10th, and on the I8th at Sevierville. On the oUth the regiment assisted 
in driving the enemy from their position at Carter's Station. 

In October and November it was employed on picket duty and scouting, 
having encountered the enemy at Johnson's Statiun on the 1st, Watauga 
Bridge on the 1st and 2d, Chucky Bend on the 10th, Newport on the 18th, 
Irish Bottoms on the 25th, and on the 30th at Madisonville. 

On the 16th of November General Bieckenridge, with a large rebel force, 
made his appearance in front of the garrison at Strawberry Plains, and on th& 
17th commenced a vigorous attack with artillery from the opposite side of the- 
Holston river, at the same time threatening it in the rear with a heavy cav- 
alry force. 

Colonel Trowbridge, then in command of the troops in that vicinity, in a 

statement made since the war regarding the Breckenridge campaign in East 

Tennessee, says: 

"In the fall of 1864, when Sherman, breaking loose from all his communications, had 
started on that great march to the sea, which was to crown him with immortal glory, and 
Hood, thinking to take advantage of this movement of Sherman, attempted by a counter 
movement to carry the theatre of war to the Ohio river, General Breclienridge, to make a 
diversion in Hood's favor, moved into East Tennessee with a considerable force of cav- 
alry, infantry, and artillery. As we were accustomed to lai-ge armies then this force did 
not seem large, but it was a larger army than that with which some of the decisive battle* 
of the revolution wex'e gained. It was larger than the army with which General Taylor 
fought the battle of Buena Vista. His infantry and artillery were under the command of 
a former citizen of this State with whom I was quite well acquainted. General John B. 
Palmer, formerly of Detroit. His cavalry was commanded by that brave and skillful 
soldier, General Basil Duke. This movement was perhaps more imposing and threaten- 
ing in appearance than in fact. There is no doubt tliat it created some appieliensions at 
General Thomas's headquarters. Stoneman at Louisville was directed to send at once to- 
East Tennessee all the mounted men he could raise, while Sti^edman at Chattanooga was 
ordered to send all the men he could spare to Knoxville. General Animon was in com- 
mand of the district of East Tennessee, with headquarters at Knoxville, with General 
Tillson in command of the fortifications at Knoxville and all outposts, of whicli that at 
Strawberry Plains was one. None of the reinforcements ordered readied East Tennessee 
in time to bo of service. Outside of tlie garrison at Knoxville the troops available to 
meet the advancing army of Breckinridge, was an independent brigtido of Tennessee 
cavalry, of tliree regiments, numbering about 2,00U men, and a small command at Straw- 
beiTy Plains made up from different commands, a small portion of the lOih JMichigan cav- 
alry, a battalion of Kentucky cavalry, a section of artillery in the forts which our unwil- 
ling liands had constructed, but which we found lo be very handy to have in case of 
emtu'gency, and some scouts, hundred-days men, etc., numbering all told about 350 men. 
Gillem, with his brigade, was posted at Bull's Gap, about 4.0 miles above Strawberry 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 721 

Plains, a position of no consequence, as it protected nothing and could be turned with 
the greatest ease. Gillem, however, for some reason not apparent to ordinary mortals, 
determined to hold that position, and only withdrew when lie found his Hank turned and 
his hne of retreat in danger of bemg cut ofif. While relirinK from that position he was 
vigorously attacked by Duke and his command routed. There soon followed a stampede 
which was almost unsuipassed by anything in tlie history of the war. Colonel Kirk, with 
100 North Carolina troops, and Major Smith of the lotii Micliigan cavalry, with 100 meu 
of that regiment, and 100 of the 1st Ohio heavy artillery, had been sent up by railway to 
Monistown to reinforce Gillem. They formed their men on either side of the road and 
sent back the train which had brought them. They had scarcely taken their positions 
wlion on came the demoralized troops of Gillem, in the full tide of disgraceful retreat. 
Then came the exultant enemy, intoxicated with their success, taking prisoners at almost 
every step. They came crowding on, flushed with the full excitement of successful pur- 
suit. It was a clear, moonlight night. On a rise of ground a little out of Morristown, 
behind a fence, silently waited the veterans of the 10th. On came the .exultmg enemy. 
"When a few rods from the fence there rang out from that dark line, 'Halt! who comes 
there?' ' Johnny rebs! ' was the quick response. Then came the sharp, quick tones of 
Smith's voice, 'Eeady, aim, fire!' and from the line of that fence there leaped forth a 
bhnding sheet of flame, carrying with it death and destruction to many a brave man. The 
enemy, dazed and stunned, stopped and reeled for a moment, then turned and fled In 
wildest confusion. Oh! then for a single squadron to follow up that volley with the 
charge, and the pursuit would have been turned to a rout. But no, it was not to be. 
There was no squadron to make the charge. Demoralization had so lar taken possession 
of Gillem's troops that they could not bo rallied. Gillem himself with two or three 
officers and about twenty men, had abandoned his command, and taking a by-road 
through the woods had started for KnoxvUle. Smith and Kirk, finding themselves entirely 
unsupported, quietly withdrew their commands to the woods and made their way back, 
Smith to Strawberry Plains and Kirk to Knoxville. Gillem lost his wagon train, a fine 
battery of six Parrot guns, and nearly one-fourth of his command was taken prisoners, 
while the balance of the command was so demoralized as to be of no account in the fur- 
ther movements of that campaign. Let no one charge the responsibility of this shameful 
disaster upon the rank and file of the regimental or company officers of the Tennessee 
troops. Let no one say, either, that it was due to a want of cooperation on the part of 
other officers. Let the responsibility rest where it belongs — on the chief officer in oom- 
mand. Had he handled his troops steadily and properly, a stampede would have been 
impossible. 

"There was at Strawberry Plains an entrenched camp, the defenses of which had been 
constructed by the 10th Michigan Cavalry. The position was an admirable one, and the 
defenses well made. A force sufficient to man the entire line could have maintained Itself 
against many times its own number. In fact, although the force there was quite inade- 
quate to man the whole line, and although many of them wore indifferently armed and 
disciplined, yet I think there was no feeling of uneasiness at the approach of Breckenridge 
with his largely outnumbering force. The disaster to Gillem's command occurred on the 
night of November 13th, 1864. On the next day some of the scattered fragments of his 
command arrived at Strawberry Plains and went into bivouac in rear of our entrenched 
camp, a place nearly as sate, we thought, as behind the fortifications at Knoxville. Had 
they gone to work to reorganize and dispel from their minds the demoralizing events of 
the previous night, they might have made themselves of great service behind our entrench- 
ments. Bilt that was not to be. About midnight some one reported that the enemy was 
crossing the river at McKinney's Ford to get upon our rear. Thereupon these poor, de- 
moralized fellows, saddled and bridled in hot haste and started for Knox\ille, loa\ing the 
ground strewn with sabres, i)istols, and carbines, from which others found it convenient 
to replenish tlieir supplies. On the morning of tlie 15tii Major I. C. Smith Hrrived with his 
command, giving more particulars of the stampede. The telegrapli being in operation, I 
telegraphed General Tillson that if ho deemed it important to hold that post I thought it 
would be well to send reinforcements, and on the IGth 300 men of tlio '2d Uhlo Heavy 
Artillery arrived. A scouting party sent out during the day rejiorted the enemy advan- 
cing in heavy force, and it was reported that he was also crossing the river to get in our 
rear. That night the men all slept in tlie trenches, leaving their comfortable quarters 
deserted, as it was thought an attack would be made early in the morning. There was 
reaUy nothing to be feared from tlu; attack from the other side of the river. Some of the 
planks had been taken up on the bridge, and it was so covered by our guns as to make a 
crossing impossible, except at an immense loss of life. It was only from tlie rear that 
danger was to be feared. Accordingly a scout was sent out during the night of the 16Ui, 
to ascertain how far the enemy had approached. On the morning of the 17th, as day was 
breaking, the enemy opened with ai'tillei-y from College Hill. An hour before I had beeu 

91 



723 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

told to expect this, by Major Newell, who had heard the rumbling of their artillery during 
the night. I had therefore sent word to Captain Wood, at the fort, to look out for them 
and return compliments without delay. He replied to their morning salutation without any 
hesitation, warning them to be careful how they exposed themselves. Then followed an 
interesting and somewhat exciting artillery duel for some time. In the midst of it my 
scouting party returned and reported the enemy on our side of the river in strong force, 
and not far away. I at once threw out a heavy skirmish line, a half mile or so from the 
camp, and soon the business of the day began. The fighting was sharp and constant 
during the day, until late in the afternoon, when the enemy retired up the river on our 
side, and the infantry and artillery on the other side drew back beyond the reach of our 
guns. The enemy continued in our immediate front on the other side of the river until 
the 21st, when they commenced falling back and Major Newell crossed the river and drove 
the last ones from College Hill. There had been skirmishing every day, but nothing 
serious after the 17th. Breckenrl'ge was stopped at Strawberiy Plains by a force less 
than one sixth of his own number. He came no nearer Knoxville than that, which is about 
16 miles. General Ammon had his headquarters at Knoxville, but whether he was there 
at that time I do not know. I certainly had no communication from him regarding the 
fight, and I certainly have no reason to suppose that he knew anything more about it than 
General Thomas, who was at Nashville. You may judg<^ of our surprise, then, at seeing 
in the telegraphic reports that General Ammon had repu s 'i Breckenridge at Strawberiy 
Plains after a stubborn fight! My surprise, however, is taiill greater to find in Van Horn's 
history of the Army of the Cumberland the statement that Breckenridge closely followed 
Gillem to the vicinity of Knoxville, and that he withdrew from the vicinity of Knoxville 
on the 18th, and that General Ammen, reinforced by 1,500 men from Chattanooga, reoc- 
cupied StraAvberry Plains the same day. I suppose, however, that Van Horn took his 
statement from General Thomas's report, in which he says: 'Following up his success, 
Breckenridge continued moving southwest, through Sirawberiy Plains, to the immediate 
vicinity of Knoxville, but on the 18th withdrew as rapidly as he had advanced. General 
Ammon's troops, reinforced by 1,500 men from Chattanooga, reoccupied Strawberry 
Plains on that day.' " 

During the remaining portion of the month, and up to December 6th. 18^4, 
the regiment was employed in constructing fortifications at Strawberry Plains, 
when, on the receipt of orders, it marched to Knoxville. Soon after a detach- 
ment under command of Captain James B. Roberts joined an expedition to 
Saltville, Va., and helped to destroy the salt works at that point, being 
engaged with the enemy at Kingsport, December 12th ; at Bristol, December 
14th ; and at Saltville, December 20th. Returning to Knoxville it had a skir- 
mish at Ohucky Bend, January 10, 1865. Remaining at Knoxville until 
March 21st, the brigade to which it was attached marched to Upper East 
Tennessee, under conimand of Brevet Brigadier General Palmer. 

Joining the expedition of General Stoneman into North Carolina, the regi- 
n)ent, in conim:ind of Colonel Trowbridge, who had resigned his appointment 
as Provost Maislial General of East Tennessee in order to take command of 
his regiment, entered upon that campaign, covering which he gives the fol- 
lowing sketch, made since the war: 

"I doubt whether there was any enterprise during the war of so great magnitude, and 
which accomplished so great results and received so little attention, as the Stoneman 
raid of 18G5. •Cho reasons for this were manifest enough. There were so many other 
things of greater moment transpiring at that time that the thoughts of the people were 
fixed elsewhere. Wilson, with his magnificent army of cavalry, was sweeping down 
through Alabama, accomplishing what seemed to be miracles of valor, carrying by stoiin 
points wliicli seemed sufficient lo maintain the staunchest defense, and sending dismay 
and despair through all that portion of the Confederacy. Canby and Farragut were 
knocking at tlie gates of Mobile; Sherman, with the stride of a giant, was marching 
through the Carolinas with his great army, fresh from the march to the sea; while Grant, 
with tireless and never-ceasing tenacity, was tightening his hold on Richmond, preparing 
lor those final blows which were to shiver the Confederacy to pieces. What wonder that 
th(! eyes of all tlic people were directed to these great movements, and that few thought 
of the movenient.sof a small division of cavalry, starting from East Tennessee, and destined 
to accomplish a service which in certain contingencies would have been of the greatest 
importance in the great tragedy of war then drawing to a closf ? 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 723 

In the spring of 18G5 General Grant, antlcipatini,' tliat If Lee should be forced out of 
Richmond he might undertake to move through south western Virginia, and, driving our 
forces out of East Tennessee, strive to establish himself in some of the many stronf^ 
positions which that mouutaluous country afforded, directed General Thomas to send a 
force to destroy the railways, so far as possible, towards Lyncliburg, thus putting a great 
obstacle in the way of the movement supposed to be contemplated by General Lee. The 
expedition, consisting of three brigades of cavalry, under the command of General Stone- 
man, was concentrated at Mossy Creek, March 22d. On the 25th of March, ten miles 
west of Jouesboro, everything that could relard a rapid march was left behind, one 
-ambulance, one wagon, and four guns, with their caissions, being the only vehicles 
accompanying the expedition. The object of this expedition was kept a profound secret, 
and much speculation was indulged in as to the direction we were to take. By the move- 
ment of one brigade to Carter's Station the idea was conveyed to the enemy that we 
were going directly into Virginia. But by a rapid movement the command crossed the 
Watauga river farther up and struck directly across the mountains towards North Caro- 
lina. On the 27th we reached Boone, a litt ie town far up in the mountains. At this place 
Major Keogh, of General Stoneman's staff, afterwards slain by the Indians in the Custer 
massacre, with a detachment of the 12th Kentuckj' cavaliy, routed a company of home 
guards, capturing sixty. Here the brigades separated, General Stoneman, with Palmer's 
brigade, moving on to Wilkesboro by Deep Gap, while the other two brigades, with the 
artillery, moved to the same point by the Flat Gap road. At this point the command 
halted for a day, partly for rest, partly because a sudden rise in the Yadkin river had 
placed it beyond fording; but more, I fancy, to give full effect to the sudden appearance 
of so large a body of cavalry in that pt)rtion of North Carolina, threatening Greensboro 
and Salisbury. The strategy was well planned and effective. The enemy was entirely 
deceived as to our point of attack. By a rapid march to the north General Stoneman 
found the railways lumiing from Lynchburg to East Tennesee entirely at his mercy. At 
Hillsville, Colonel Miller, with 500 picked men, was sent to Wytheville, where he destroyed 
a depot of supplies, and on his march two important railway bridges. At Jacksonville 
Major Wagner, of the 15th Pennsylvania cavalry, was despatched to Salem, where he 
began the work of destruction and carried it on to within a few miles of Lynchburg. 
The balance of the command moved on to Christiansburg, where it arrived about midnight 
April Ith. The 10th Michigan cavalry was at once sent to the east to destroy the bridges 
■over the Eoanoke river, and the 11th Michigan cavalry to the west to destroy the great 
bridge over New river. The next morning those bridges were effectually destroyed. 
The 10th destroyed six large, beautiful bridges over the Eoanoke river, a destruction 
which would have been avoided could the events of the next ten days have been foreseen. 
It was while engaged in the destruction of these bridges that I obtained a Lynchburg 
paper of the preceding day, giving an account of the fall of Richmond. The train which 
brought the paper had neard of our apprt)ach and had gone no further than the station 
where we were at work. I at once sent the paper by the fleetest horse to be found in the 
regiment to General Stoneman at Chrisiianh^biirg, and was thus fortunate in giving him 
the first information that he had of the fall of Richmond. 

"The main object of the expedition was accomplished. For a distance of 125 miles 
that railway so importixnt to General Lee in case of his escape from Grant was in ruius. 
Nearly every bridge and trestle for that distance had been totally destroyed or entirely 
disabled. Well might General Thomas say, 'A railroad was never more thoroughly 
dismantled than was the East Tennessee and Virginia from Wytheville to near Lynch- 
burg.' 

" .\fter a short rest we were ordered to move by Rocky Mount to Martinsville, and 
there await the arrival of the balance of the brigade. Our time was short and we made 
tlie distance of 75 miles in 27 hours to find the place occupied by Colonel Wheeler's 
■cavalry, wliere we were to await tlie brigade. Under the circiunstances we could not well 
remain there with that party in the town, and therefore to their great astonishment we 
insisted on their going. They did not seem inclined to go and wo had a <lispute about it, 
in which we sustained severe loss in the death of Lieutenant Kenyon and four men, and 
the wounding of Lieutenant Field and three men, the loss of the enemy being reported 
at 28 killed and mortally wounded. Colonel Wheeler then did as wo desired and retired, 
and wo remained until the next morning. 

" This movement to Martinsville and the short fight there had a nn-anlng and ft signifi- 
cance which we did not then fully appreciate. By it the enemy was made to believe that 
Greensi>oro was our objective point, and consequently troops were withdrawn from 
Salisbury and rapidly sent to the threatened point. The enemy saw their mistake when 
■a few days later Stoiieman appeared before Salisbury instead of Greensboro. 

" The brigade being reunited at Martinsville, we moved to Danbury and Germantown, 
from which places Palmer's brigade was sent to Salem to destroy some largo factories 



724 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

engaged in manufacturing clothing for the rebel army, and then to operate on the railway 
running from Greensboro to Salisbury, while Stoneman with the other two brigades- 
crossed Shallow Ford and started du-ectly for Salisbury. Upon arriving at Salem Gen- 
eral Palmer sent the 15th Pennsylvania cavalry to strike the railway between Greens- 
boro and Danville, and the 10th Michigan cavalry to destroy some bridges over Abbott's 
Creek, between Greensboro and Salisbury, sending one battalion to High Point to make 
a diversion in that direction, while he remained with the balance of the brigade at Salem. 
The 15th Pennsylvania met with marked success on its ezpedition. It broke the railway 
between Greensboro and Danville as directed, and on its route surprised a South Carolina 
regiment of cavalry, making prisoners of its commanding officer and a large number of the 
men. The battalion of the 10th Michigan seot to High Point, succeeded in capturing two 
railway trains, loaded with quartermaster, commissary, and medical supplies, some large 
depots of supplies, and several thousand bales of confederate cotton. The value of the 
property destroyed by this detachment was estimated at more than three millions of dol- 
lars. The other two battalions of the 10th, numbering not more than 300 men, proceeded 
to destroy the bridges over Abbott's creek, after accomplishing which they were to move 
directly on to Salisbury to cooperate with General Stoneman. After accomplishing the 
destruction of two bridges, this little command suddenly came upon Ferguson's brigade 
of rebel cavalry, numbering about 1,200 men. I never found a time entirely convenient 
and comfortable for meeting on the road a force outnumbering my own four or five to one, 
but if there is any time more uncomfortable than another it is at the end of an all-night 
march, when men and horses are jaded and worn with fatigue, and weak for want of food 
and rest. The meeting was a mutual surprise. When first discerned the enemy was in camp, 
wholly ignorant of our approach. With fresh hoi'ses and a force anywhere nearly match- 
ing the enemy, it would not have been difficult to make a sudden attack with the chances of 
success largely in our favor. But with horses worn by an almost continuous march of 
nearly twenty-four hours, it seemed extremely hazardous to attack a force so largely 
outnumbering ours, and that force fresh and rested with a comfortable night in camp. 
Then, again, should we succeed in driving the enemy it would be directly towards Salisbury 
where he might augment the forces with which Stoneman was expected to be soon 
engaged. On the other hand, if they could be drawn after us it would add to the chances 
of Stoneman's success, which was far more important than anything we could do. These 
considerations settled the matter, and it was decided to withdraw. No sooner was the 
movement commenced than we were attacked with great fury. Then followed one of the 
most spirited and exciting, and in my judgment one of the best fought of the minor ongage- 
ments of the war. The 10th faUing back by alternate squadrons, constantly presented 
an unbroken front to the enemy, wheeling out of column into line and steadily delivering 
their volleys from their Spencer carbines until they could see another squadron formed 
to receive the shock of the enemy, then wheeling into column and falling back to a new 
position. Officers and men without exception showed a courage, a coolness, and disciplme 
imsurpassed, in my judgment, in the annals of the war. The movements were all con- 
ducted with as much precision as if the place had been but a parade ground and the exer- 
cise but the sham fighting of the diiU. The enemy attempted to pass a column by each 
flank, while the attacks on our rear were made with a daring and courage worthy of a 
better cause. The fighting was constant and fierce, without a moment's interruption for 
nearly three hours, and extending over a space of about six miles, when the enemy 
became discouraged at his failure to suri-ound the handful of men and ceased his pursuit. 
His loss in this engagement was afterwards ascertained to have been about 75 in killed 
and wounded, while ours was trifling, 

" Major Dunn, (10th Mich.) , in this action bore a most conspicuous and gallant part, for 
which he received the commission of major by brevet from the Secretary of War. 

" General Stoneman moved on to Salisbury. I need not go fully into details of that 
engagement for they can be found recorded in the histories. One incident is worth men- 
tioning, as it illustrates the valor of Michgian troops. 

"When General Stoneman went to capture Salisbury, N. C, he met the enemy at a 
little stream a few miles from town. The stream had very high and precipitous banks 
and could not be forded. The only way to cross it was by a narrow bridge, which was 
effectually commanded by the enemy's artillery. After trying for some time to get them 
out of their position with his artillery without success, Stoneman called to him Major 
Smith of the 10th, and said: 'Major, I want you to take twenty men, armed with the 
Spencer carbines, and cross this creek and flank those fellows out there.' Smith took his 
twenty men, and crossing the creek on a log out of sight of the enemy, steadily 
apprached and fired a volley into their flank, when the whole force broke in the greatest 
confusion. Stacey, with his Tennessee cavalry, was on them in an instant, and the fight 
was over. Results: 19 pieces of artillery, 1,100 prisoners, and supphes en ugh for an 
army of 100,000 men. This exploit of Major Smith and his gallant little band was a& 
daring as it proved successful. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. Tii) 

" A few days later we learned of the surrender of L.>e's arinv. For some days we were 
occupied in paroling prisoners. Then came the armistice, and we were ordered home. 
We had made one day's march into the mountains when we learned that the armistice 
had been disapproved at Washington, and we wore ordered to South Carolina to lay 
waste the country so that no supplies could reach Johnston's army. Then came the sur- 
render of Johnston. Then it was reported that Mr. Davis, the late head of the defunct 
Confederacy, was tr>-ing to get away with a large amount of specie, and we received the 
remarkable order to spare neither men nor horses, but to pursue him to the ends of the 
earth if necessary to insure his capture, and to obey no orders except thos^e coming direct 
from the Secretary of War. The ex-President was then crossing our front, or had 
crossed it two days before, going toward the southwest, with an escort of four brigades 
of cavalry, under the command of Duke, Ferguson, and Dibrell, with scattered detach- 
ments of Vaughn's, Harris's, and Butler's commands, all of which had evaded the terms 
of the surrender of Johnston to Sherman. By a wide detour and ra[.id march we were 
thrown across the front of his line of march at Athens, Ga. His escort did not relish any 
more fightinsr, and began rapidly to fall apart. It was reported that they were paid off 
with the specie which they were trymg to get away with. I have with me a silver dollar 
obtained from one of his escort, and which I have carried for IG years. I need not go 
into details of our work on the hunt for Mr. Davis. For a distance of 150 miles north and 
south our scouts were on every road running to the west. Every bridge, ford, or ferry 
-was carefully watched and guarded, all of which resulted in the great good fortune of 
General Pritchard and his brave comrades of the 4:th Michigan Cavalry. We acted in 
one sense as drivers of the game, while they were fortunate in getting on the runway. I 
cannot find it in my heart to envy the good fortune of such brave and gallant men, but I 
rejoice that, while we could not be so fortunate, it was still reserved for Michigan men to 
capture the distinguished leader of a bad cause, seeking to save himself by cowardly 
flight. Are you not amused at his boastful declaration that at the time of his capture his 
purpose was to rush on the mounted man, dismount him, seize his horse, and make his 
escape? Don't you wish he had tried it? It probably would have saved us a deal of 
trouble! He would have had no occasion to ask anyone to go his bail. I suppose his 
skirts prevented him! 

" The capture was not known to us until some days after it was made. Our command 
-was so scattered that it took a long time to communicate with headquarters, so that it 
was not until the 22d of May that we received orders to return to Knt)xville, and on Un* 
25th of May the regiment reached a base of supplies at Guntersville, on the Tennessee 
river. 

"From March 25th to May 25th we had been living in the enemy's country, cut off 
from all bases of supplies, with no opportunity to hear from the loved ones at home, and 
only one or two chances to send word home of our own welfare, and having marched, I 
suppose, not less that 1,800 mUes. " 

Upon returning to East Tennessee after the Stoneman Raid and the pursuit 
of Jeff. Davis, the regiment was encamped at Lenoir Station and Sweetwater 
under the command of Major Standish, Colonel Trowbridge having won the 
honorable promotion of Biigadier and Major General by brevet, being in com- 
mand of the brigade and for a short time of the division. 

In the latter part of August, 1865, the Tenth was ordered to West Tennessoe 
where it served until November 11th, when it was mustered out of service at 
Memphis, and in command of Colonel Smith returned to Michigan, arriving 
on the 15th at Jackson, where it was disbanded. 

Engagements and skirmishes of the regiment were : At House Mountain. 
Tenn., January, 1864; Bean's Gap, Tenn., March 26, 1864; Hheatown, Tenn., 
April 24, 1864; Joiusboro, Tenn., April 25, 1864; Johnsonville, Tenn., April 
25, 1864; Watauga, Tenn., April 25, 1864; Powder Spring Gap, Tenn., April 
118, 1864; Dandridge, Tenn., May 19, 1864; Greenville. Tenn., May 30. 1864; 
White Horn, Tenn., May 31, 1864; Morristown, Tenn., June 2, 1864; 
Bo;in's Station, Tenn., June 16, 1864; Rogersville, Tenn., June 17, 1864; 
Kingsport, Tenn., June 18, 1864; Cany Branch, Tenn., June 20, 1864; New 
Market, Tenn., June 21, 1864; Moseburg, Tenn., June 23, 1864; Williams 
Ford, Teun., June 25, 1864; Dutch Bottom, Tenn., June 28, 1864; Sevierville, 



726 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

Tenn., July 5, 1864;' Newport, Teun., July 8, 1864; Morristown, Tenn.^ 
August 3, 18G4; Greenville, Tenu., August 4, 1864; Mossy Creek, Tenn., 
August 18, 1864 ; Bull's Gap, Tenn., August 21, 1864 ; Blue Spring, Tenn., 
August 23, 1864 ; Greenville, Tenn., August 23, 1864 ; Strawberry Plains, 
Tenn., August 24, 1864; Flat Creek Bridge, Tenn., August 24, 1864;Rogersvilley 
Tenn., August 27, 1864; Bull's Gap, Tenn., August 29, 1864; Greenville, 
Tenn., September 4, 1864; Sweetwater, Tenn., September 10, 1864; Thorn 
Hill, Tenn., September 10, 1864; Sevierville, Tenn., September 8, 1864; 
Jonesboro, Tenn,, September 30, 1864; Johnson Station, Tenn., October 1,. 
1864; Watauga Bridge, Tenn., October 1 and 2, 1864; Chucky Bend, Tenn., 
October 10, 1854; Newport, Tenn., October 18, 1864; Irish Bottoms, Tenn., 
October 25, 1864; Madisonville, Tenn., October 30, 1864; Morristown, Tenn., 
November 20, 1864; Strawberry Plains, Tenn., November 23 and 24, 1864; 
Kingsport, Tenu., December 12, 1864; Bristol, Tenn., December 14, 1864; 
Saltville, Va., November 20, 1864; Chucky Bend, Tenn., January 10, 1865; 
Brabson's Mills, Tenn., March 25, 1865; Boonville, N. C, March 27, 1865; 
Henry Court House, Va., April 8, 1865; Abbott Creek, N. C, April 10, 1865; 
High Point, N. C, April 10, 1865; Statesville, N. C, April 14, 1865; New- 
ton, N. C, April 17, 1865. 

The membership of the 10th had been, while in service, 2,050 officers and 
men, and its losses 271. Killed in action, 2 officers and. 18 men; died of 
wounds, 11 meu; and 240 of disease. 

"As on the field at break of day, 
A vanquished chief expiring lay, 
Upon the sands with broken sword 

He traced his farewell to the free; 
And there the last unfinished word 

He dying wrote, was 'Liberty!'" 

Notes.— A correspondent furnished the following: "I telegraphed to you the fact, 
of Colonel Trowbridge's appointment to the ofiflce of Provost Marshal General of East 
Tennessee. The Colonel's speech, given below, upon the occasion, is one, I think, that 
deserves a record: 

'"OFFiOEKS AND SOLDIERS OF THE lOxH MICHIGAN Oavalry:— It is with many regrets that I 
announce to you my separation from the regiment. P'or many months I have been a sharer of 
your joys and sorrows, and to some extent of your dangers and hardships. I have gloried in 
your success, and rejoiced in the good name you have so nobly won. Higher authority has seen> 
fit to designate me for a position apart from the regiment. While I yield cheerful obedience to all 
lawful orders, it costs me many a regret to part with men with whom I have been connected by so 
many tender and interesting associations. I desire to tender to you all my most heartfelt thanUs 
for your cheerful obedience, yoiir prompt and earnest co-operation in all measures to premote the 
welfare of the regiment and service. It is a cause of gratitude that I can commit your interests 
to the care of so brave and accomplished an oflicer and high minded gentleman as Major J. H. 
Standish. I bespeak for him the same full and hearty Co-operation which you have so generally 
granted tome. The term of my absence is uncertain, but whatever may be its duration, I shall 
ever follow your career with interest, and it shall be the source of my greatest joy and pride that I 
once had the honor of commanding so brave ami gallant a regiment.' 

"I will only add that while we sincerely regret the necessity of our Colonel's absence, 
we heartily rejoice with him in his promotion to so high and honorable a position. " 

The following incident growing out of this watch on the Catawba was gathered by the 
author in conversation with a citizen of Detroit, wlio had no expectation of seeing it put 
in condition for permanent preservation. Its inlierent interest, as well as its connection 
with one of Michigan's soldiers, will bo a sufficient justification for its insertion here. 

On a pleasant afternoon in the month of , 187 — , three gentlemen were seated in 

the director's i-oom of the First National Bank in Detroit. One was the ever courteous 
and genial cashier, Emory Wendell. Another was General Wm. B. McCreei-y, then State 
Treasurer. The third, a tall, dark-haired, black-eyed, swartliy man, wiiose erect carriage 
and manly bearing would have suggested tlie thought of his having been at some time a 
soldier, even had he not responded to the title of major. The business upon which they 



MICHIGAN IN TUE WAR. 727 

had been enpraged seemed to be disposed of, when the dark-haired stranger spoke: 
"Well, now, j,'eiitU'nien, I once met with a man from your State that I would bo miirhty glad 
to see." " Mft him during the war, I presume; some old grudge to settle?" responded 
Wendell. " Oh, no, " said llie stranger; "the farthest in the world from that. My meeting 
him was during the war, 'tis true, but I have nothing but the kindest feelings lor him. 
In fact, he treated me very handsomely, and I would go a hundred miles to see him. I 
would just like to let him know that we southern cha])s do not always forget a kindness. 
I can't remember his name, but I would give a heap to see him. He was an offlcer of 
cavalry, but I can't recall his name." Then the other two of the trio began calling over 
names of such officers us occurred to them, but without success, when one of them 
noticed the "Red Book of Michigan," and taking it down they commenced going over 
the cavalry regiments in order. When they reacliod the 10th Cavalry and mentioned the 
name of Colonel Trowbridge — "that's the name," spoke up the stranger; "now where 
does he live?" " Oh, well, "said Wendell, " you won't have to go one hundred miles nor one 
hundred rods to see him. Just you sit down and I'll have him here in five minules. He has 
an office up this street, not more than three blocks away." So tliey sat down, and a 
messenger was sent iov the former Colonel of the 10th Cavalry. He came at once, and 
as he entered the rooui he was met by the smiling cashier, who said to him: "Now, 
General, look at that gentleman over there, and own up like a man how much you owe 
him." General T. looked at the stranger for a moment, and then said frankly: "Per- 
haps I ought to know him; my memory is very treacherous, but I must confess that I 
cannot remember ever seeing him before." "Well," said the stranger, "I do not wonder 
at your not knowing me. You have no special reason for remembering me, but I have a 
very good one for remembering you. Let me tell you a little story which may refresh 
your recollection, possibly. In the spring of 1865, at the time of Lee's surrender, I was 
major of a Georgia regiment of artillery. I took a foolish notion tiiat if I could steal away 
■without being paroled, and get across the Mississippi, I would like to help keep up the 
fight there. I thought I was not licked. I have changed my mind since then, but no 
matter. I had that notion then, and so getting together the men of my old battery, we 
set out to get across ihe big river. We got on well enough for a few days. We stole 
along the base of the mountains until we reached the Catawba river at a ford a few miles 
from Newton, in Western North Carolina. The citizens told us there had been some Yan- 
kee troops tliere a few days before, but whether they were still there they could not tell. 
The river at that point was very wide, and the ford led across an island in the middle of 
the river. We approached very cautiously, keeping a sharp lookout for blue coals, but 
none were visible, and we all got safely across to the island without seeing u sign of our 
enemies. From the island we scanned the southern bank of the river with the best eyes 
we could command, but could see nothing to disturb us. At last I sent out two men with 
instructions to signal us if they found everything all right. Well, they went. We saw 
them go ui) out of the water, up the bank and disappear without giving us a sign. We 
waited and waited, but no signal came, and we concluded they had gone in search of a 
good square meal, for we were nearly starved. We thought it a mean trick, anyway. 
After waiting a long time in suspense, and expressing heaity indignation at the greedy 
trick of those fellows, I thought I would go across, and I pledged my comrades that I 
would not leave them as the others had done. Upon reacliing the bank of the river I 
noticed that the road had been cut down through the bank, making quite a deep cut, and 
directly across the road at the top of the hill some one, at some stage in the war, had 
dug a rille pit. I was (juietly speculating with mytelf as to whether I would have any 
trouble in getting my horse across the rifle-pit, when a low voice, nearly over my heacl, 
sounded in my ears. 'Halt!' I looked up and saw lying on the toj) of the bank along 
the cut, a sergeant with a half dozen men, all covering me with their carbines. 'All right, 
Johnny. Come in out of the wet. You may just throw down what arms you have, and 
then ride right up over the hill and you will be cared for. If you do as I say you will bo 
all right, but if you turn around or make any sign to those fellows over on the island, you 
will be in a bad fix. Don't make any noise, Johiuiy. Wi; will treat you well, only do as 
I say.' Of course there was nothing else for me to do. and I rode over the hill as my 
two men had done before me, without making a sign to my anxious comrades on the 
island. I at once found myself in the camp of a company of cavalry from .Michigan, 
under the command of a vei-y clever young captain, who treated me with great kindness. 
I would like to see that captain. He was just a splendid young fellow. Do you know 
who it wab, General?" "Would you remember his name if you were to hear it?" said 
General T. " Captain Dunn, of Company E, was hi command at that ford a part of the 
time." "Yes, that is the name," said the .Major, " and a splendid fellow he wiis. Woll, 
to cimtinue my stoiy, for I have not reacheil the best part of It yet, I stjiid then' until 
afternoon, and had the mortification of seeing my whole battery, about eighty in numbt'r, 
taken in in the same way. I tell you, gentlemen, it was one of the clevere»t blta of eLral- 



728 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

egy that I ever saw; all taken in like a lot of turkeys walking into a pen. In the after- 
noon Captain Dunn and his company were relieved, and went to headquarters at Newton, 
of course taking us alonj?. I rode with the captain, aud we had a right pleasant chat. 
Upon reaching Newton, I was emboldened by the good treatment I had received to ask a 
favor of you, General. I asked you if my officers and myself could be permitted to stop 
through the night with some of our friends. To my surprise you assented very cordially. 
You left no guard with us, and only asked our word to report next morning for formal 
parole. Such treatment touched our hearts I can assure you, and we had a good night's 
rest. But greater kindness was in store for us. In the morning when we went to be 
paroled, I made bold to ask another favor. Some of my officers were dismounted, and I 
asked you if you could not furnish them with some broken down animals to aid them in 
getting to their homes. To our surprise you fitted them all out with horses able to carry 
them, and, restoring to us our side arms, you bade us good-bye with a hearty wish for 
our future happiness. The effect of such kindness on men as dispirited and broken in 
hopes and expectations as we were, can not be described. Such, gentlemen, is my story, 
and you will hardly wonder that I was willing to go a hundred miles to see this gentle- 
man. Aud, General, I am glad to meet you again, and thank you for a kindness which 
you have probably forgotten aU about; and if you ever come to our section of the coun- 
try, I want you to remember that the latch string is always out. I am now making iron 
in northern Alabama, and if you ever come that way you must hunt me up." 



ELEVENTH REGIMENT CAVALRY. 



*' "We march as loyal patriots! 

We are bound with iron bandsl 
Our trust is in a righteous Godl 
Our swords are in our hands!" 

The nth Cavalry was rendezvoused at Kahunazoo, being recrnited and 
organized under the superintendence of Colonel Simeon B. Brown of St. Clair, 
Miijor 6th Michigan Cavalry. 

The recruitment of the regiment commenced in August, 1863, it being 
mustered into the United states service on December 10th following, having 
on the muster rolls 921 officers and men. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Colonel, Simeon B, Brown, St. Clair. Lieutenant Colonel, James B. Mason, Battle 
Creeli. Majors, Chailes E. Smith, Oshtemo, and Henry L. Wise, Caledonia. Surgeon, 
Lucius C. Woodman, Paw Paw. Assistant Surgeons, 0. J. Bissell, Grand Rapids, and 
Charles A. Osbornej Northville. Adjutant, Manly S. Rowl<^y, Niles. Quartermaster, 
Marcus H. Miles, St. Clair. Commissary, Charles Kendall, Kalamazoo. Chaplain, 
Charles Clutz, Grand Rapids. 

The companies mustered were as follows: 

A. Captain, David W. Phillips, Albion. First Lieutenant, John L. Frlsble, Hillsdale. 
Secon(J Lieutenant, Francis J. Lewis, Albion. 

B. Captain, George J. West, Lexington. First Lieutenant, Charles Simpson, Owosso. 
Second Lieutenant, Wm. L. M. Osborn, Adrian. 

C. Captain, Edwin C. Mil^s, St. Clair. First Lieutenant, Charles A. Bailey, Hastings. 
Second Lieutenant, Matthew B. Burger, Odessa. 

D. Captain, Adna H. Bowen, Monroe. First Lieutenant, John Edwards, Hudson. Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, W. Baker Thompson, Hudson. 

E. Captain, Restcome R. Kirby, Monroe. First Lieutenant, Amos J. Avery, Lnsalle. 
Second Lieutenant, Adrian C. Solean, Fronchtown. 

F. Captain, Darwin D. Buck, Battle Crook. First Lieutenant, Thomas H. Jennings, 
Battle Creek. Second Lieutenant, John G. Harris, Battle Creek. 

G. Captain, James E. Monitt, Teoumseh. First Lioutonant, James Gilluly, Ann Arbor. 
Second Lieutenant, Nowojl H. Rowlingson, Battle Croek. 

H. Captain, Henry Bowen, Adrian. First Lieutenant, Willard Stearns, Franklin. Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, Clark W. Docker, Atlrian. 

L Captain, William H. George, Bolivia. First Lieutenant, Edwin Bobbins, Kalamazoo. 
Second Lieutenant, Jamos P. Cadninn, Kalamazoo. 

K. Captain, George M. Wells, Niles. Fir.<t Lieutenant, James Ward, Lansing. Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, George F. Anderson, Litclilleld. 

L. Captain, William H. Jordan, Kalamazoo. First Lieutenant, Edmund B. Chamber- 
lain, Kalamazoo. Second Lieutenant, George W. Cutler, Ransom. 

M. Captain, John L. Fiisble, Hillsdalp. First Lieutenant, Abram E. Stowell, Oold- 
water. Second Lieutenant, Martin S. Perkins. Coldwater. 

The 11th, under orders for the Held iu Kentucky, left its rendezvous in 
92 (729) 



730 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

commaud of Colonel Brown, on the 10th December, 1863, proceeding via Cin- 
cinnati and Covington, reached Lexington on the 22d of the same month. 

At this point the regiment was equipped for the field during the month of 
January, 1864. In February and March it was employed scouting in the 
eastern portion of Kentucky, with headquarters at Lexington. Li April two 
squadrons were sent as escort for a large drove of cattle to Nashville, and 
another squadron on a like service to Knoxville, having a hard journey over 
the mountains, suffering considerably from the severity of the weatlier. The 
balance of the regiment meantime made a reconiioissance in the direction of 
Pound Gap. When near West Liberty a skirmish took place with a portion of 
Clay's command of rebel cavalry. 

On April 2St\\ the regiment moved to Louisa, Ky., on the Big Sandy river 
arriving there May 3d, and with the 39th Kentucky infantry, the two regi- 
ments constituting the 1st brigade, 1st division, army of the Ohio, military 
district of Kentucky, being employed in protecting the eastern part of the 
State from the incuisions of parties of thieving rebels from Virginia, and had 
been engnged with the enemy at Pound Gap, May 17th, and on the 20th at 
Hazel Green. 

On May 25th, the regiment with its division moved up the river as far as 
PiketoM, where it was ascertained that the enemy under Morgan had entered 
the State tlirough Pound Gap, when the whole command started in pursuit, 
and after three days and nights of forced marching the enemy was overtaken 
on the 8th of June at Mt. Sterling, and on the 9th a severe engagement 
ensued, resulting in tlie complete route and flight of the rebels. The pursuit 
was continued, the 11th having the advance and pressing closely, followed 
them to Cynthiana, wliere on the 12th, the enemy having made a junction, 
with anotiier body of troops, again gave battle. J3uring this engagement, 
which was short but severe, the regiment took an active part and participated 
in a final charge, which completely destroyed the enemy's line, scattering his 
forces in every direction. Tlie pursuit was again continued, overtaking Mor- 
gan at Geoigetown, attacking a portion of his fleeing command, and capturing 
a number of prisoners. 

After the engagement at Cynthiana the regiment rendezvoused at Lexing- 
ton. On the 2;Jd of August it moved to Camp Burnside, on the Cumberland 
river, and was employed with other troops in scouting and protecting the 
soutliern border of Kentucky from the threatened invasion of Wheeler's rebel 
cavalry, being engaged on the 30th at Point Burnside. 

From an official rei)ort: 

" On the 17th of September folio-wing it was ordered to Mount Sterling, Ky., and thence 
eniragod with its division, in command of General Burbridge, in a raid to Saltville, Va. 
Euoountering the enemy at MfCormick's Farm, Ky., on the 2od, and then at Laurel 
Muuniain, Va., on the 2yth, and at Bowen's Farm on the 30th and October 1st. Having 
experienced a long and hazardous march through a rocky, barren countjy, and being in 
the advance, skirmished daily with the enemy, who contested every foot of the ground with 
much vigor and persistence, the command of General Burbridge, on the morning of the 
2d, came upon the enemy's works at Saltville defended by the troops of Breckinridge, 
Echols, and Williams, nuujbcring about 22,000, including 7,000 miUtia. The whole of 
Burbiidge's command, numberuig less than 4,000 effective men, were ordered to move on 
the eneujy'b works, a different point of attack being assigned to each brigade. Tho 
nature of the giound and the fact that the enemy greatly outnumbered the union troops, 
and b(!ing behind strong embankments defended with twenty pieces of artillery, rendered 
the undertaking a very hazardous and desperate one. The brigade commanded and led 
by Colonel Brown, and to which the 11th Cavalry, then in command of Lieutenant Colonel 
Mason, was attached, carried the main work in most brilliant style, and were the only 
troops that effected a lodgment within the defenses. The fact that the 11th Cavalry alone ^ 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 781 

lost eighty-six in killed, wouncled, and missinpr, more men tiian were lost by any other 
brigade of the command, proved conclusively tliat the success of the troops under Brown 
was not the result of lack of coura;;e or of determined and desperate fiirhtiui; on tho part 
of their opponents, but was a result of their own gallant and persistent li^'litinj,'. Tho 
rebel position proving too strong to be held, the command, after most stubborn lighting, 
was withdrawn, but not until all its ammunition had been expended. On the retreat the 
11th constituted the rear guard, and next day skirmished with tho enemy's advance, and 
the day following the battle was renewed near Sandy Mountain, where the regi'iueut 
became cut off from the division and surrounded by a body of cavalrv numbering about 
4,000, under ' Cerro Gordo' Williams. After a very sanguiiiary i-onlliet of over an hour, 
the enemy closing in upon the regiment. Colonel Mason, determined on fight before sur- 
render, gallantly led the regiment to the charge and succeeded, after a bloody hand -to 
hand encounter in cutting through the rebel lines, punishing the enemy so severely that 
he abandoned any pursuit. This brilliant affair was not accomplii-hed without loss, which 
included the gallant Mason, a noble soldier; he was mortally wounded in the charge and, 
died next day. " 

For its gallant conduct in this affair the regiment received the tlianks of 
General Burbridge in general orders. It was found inipracticablu to carry off 
the body of Colonel Mason, and he was buried by his command in a lonely 
spot near the place where he fell. 

"Slowly and sadly we laid him down. 

From the field of his fame, fresh and gory; 
We carved not a line, we raised not a stone, 
But we left him alone in his glory," 

A correspondent furnished the following: 

"I hereby transmit a statement of our raid under General Burbridge into Wostom 
Virginia. The command, consisting of some three thousand mountt-d infantry and a like 
number of cavaliy, left Mt. Sterling, Kentucky, Mon<!ay, September 19. Six pieces of 
artillery, light mountain howitzers, accompanied us; rations and implements for tearing 
up railroad track were packed on mules. The expedition, though intending to bo secret, 
still was so well known that the rebels made everj' preparation to meet us. When the 
command reached Salyersville, Kentucky, a woman mounted an excellent horse and sped 
on with the knowledge certain of our strength and whereabouts. The rebels thought we 
would enter Virginia through Pound Gap, and I think we should liave done so had imt 
they, in anticipation, blasted the rocks on each side ef the road, completely obstructing 
it, and which would have taken a great deal of time to remove. We moved farther to the 
north, crossed into Buchanan and Tazewell counties, thence to the salt works near Abing- 
don at a place named Saltville. We met small forces of the enemy for nearly the whole 
route after leaving Piketon, skirmishing and driving them at everj' point. On tiie 30th of 
September the 11th Michigan took the advance, and about one hundred were dismounted 
and sent forward to sustain the advance guard, which had become hotly engaged. Tlw 
rebs had a strong position, with the river between them and our forces, but a charge over 
a mountain to the left flanked them, and drove them in confusion. Sergeant Clmrli-s 
Johnson, Company M, was killed, and two men wounded. At 10 o'clock P. M., we again 
met their pickets, and had one man. Sergeant W. H. Brownwell, Company L, mortally 
wounded. About 12 o'clock we met the regiment again. Here we could fire only as we 
saw the flash of the guns. After a few volleys the rebels retreated, and wo encamped on 
the battle-ground, which was the farm of General Kees P. Bowen, of tiie rebel service. 
Our 7,000 animals fared of the great plenty we here found, and our boys made them- 
selves at home in the General's well furnished house. Seymour Skinner, Company II, 
was killed, and Captains Wells and Buck slightly wounded in the skirmish at this place. 
Saturday the 37th Kentucky took the advance, and lost one killed and several wounded, 
but notwithstanding all the obstructions and opposition, we passed Laurel Gap, the key 
to the whole position, about midnight. Had the rebels ever calculated that we were able 
to sustain ourselves after passing this gap, I very much doubt whether wo would have 
been allowed to pass it with so little resistance, as it is only live inii.'s from the .salt works. 
Sunday the road was skirmished from camp to the works of the enemy. Kffnrts were 
made by them to hinder our advance, by throwing shell from the forts, but in spite of 
them we advanced to within a mile of the village, dismounted, and prepared to carry tho 
works a la infantry. The attack was made at three points. The 3d brigade, Colonel 
Charles Hanson, 37th Kentucky, commanding, took tho right; the 1st brigade. General 



732 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

• 

Hobson of the 4th brigade, the center; and Colonel R. W. Ratcliffe, 12th Ohio, the left. 
The duty of the ith brigade, consisting of the 12th Ohio, 11th Michigan, and 5th U. S. 
Colored Cavalry, was to charge a mountain and capture or silence the batteries placed 
upon it. The peculiar position of the salt works, one of the strongest in the whole Con- 
federacy, renders it impossible for an enemy to hold any one of the mountains without 
artillery, as each hillside is commanded by batteries from the otliers. The salt worlis 
are in the valley and the hills seem to encircle it. The strength of the position needs 
only to be known to show what a desperate undertaking was before us. We were ordered 
forward and forward we went, with the J 1th Michigan on the right, 12th Ohio, in the cen- 
ter, and the colored troops on the left; in the face of a galling and murderous fire from 
rifle pits and breastworks, though solid shot and shell were falling all around, charged the 
4th brigade. With a cheer they rushed down the hillside, and hand to hand fougiit the 
enemy in their intrenched ravine. Then up the hillside, which seemed ablaze with the 
flash of musketry, charging over rifle pits, through briars, brush, corn, and logs, we 
pushed the terror-stricken foe till we reached their batteries. The rebels had taken great 
precaution to remove their guns a few minutes before, and after a desperate fight of 
three hours we carried the hill, planting our colors on their works. 

"We were sure of victory, and had the other brigades done their part as well as we, we 
should have captured these formidable and valuable works. But at sun-down, being out 
of ammunition, the forces were withdrawn, and knowing the enemy to have been heavily 
re-inforced during the day by Breckinridge, we commenced falling back innnediately. 
We found the road at Laurel Gap so nearly destroyed that it took till morning to pass the 
ford. Lieutenant Burgher, Company C, was mortally woundud and left. Our loss here 
was severe, as was also that of the 12th Ohio and the Negro regiment. The loss of the 
brigade during the whole raid cannot be less than 350, killed, wounded, and missing. 

" Tuesday morning, October 4th, while passing over Big Sandy Mountain, our regiment 
being rear guard, was attacked by Colonel Witchar's hifantry (lying in ambush j, and a 
regiment of cavalry. The rebels, elated by their success, and inspired by the hopes of 
large spoil, and believing our forces to be demoralized, came on with a cheer ; but with 
the coolness of veterans, companies E, K, G, and B, Major Wise commanding, dismounted 
and held them in check till the enemy closing in with so great force, the regiment (every 
other man; was dismounted and sent to the support of the rear guard. Our gallant Lieu- 
tenant Colonel, James B. Mason, assumed the command, and the fight became general. 
The rebels were in bushes and concealed behind rocks, while our boys were in the road 
and utterly ignorant of their whereabouts or numbers except from their firing. Ammu- 
nition was fast giving out and men began to falter. One word of cheer from the noble 
Mason and again they were firm as a rock. Those Spencer carbines were our salvation. 
Colonel Mason sent forward for more help, and scarce had the messenger gone when he 
fell mortally wounded. Had tliis occurred in the early part of the action, our defeat 
would liave been the result, but witli his fall ceased the lighting. A brave man has fallen, 
the loss to us is iiTeparable. The regiment mourns him as a brother or as a father, for 
he was the idol of his men. Search the ranks of the Union army and you cannot find a 
nobler oflicer, truer soldier, warmer patriot. Let Michigan mourn him, for he was worthy 
the noblest tribute she can give him. The conduct of officers and men was praisewortliy, 
and such as sustains the high name which Michigan soldiers have always won. The 
whole force engaged could not have exceeded 2,000, though the rebels claim 400 killed, 
300 wounded, 2,000 prisoners, among which are 160 officers." 

The regiment arrived at Lexington on the 19Dh of October, 1864, after a 
Mrearisouie inarch in which it had suffered many privations and hardships. 
Ou the 29th it proceeded to Mt. Sterling and encamped, 

B^rom the commencement of its service up to this time the 11th had lost: 
Died in action or of wounds 11, of disease 60, wounded in action 49, missing 
in action 22, and 73 in prisoners. 

In November the regiment was employed mainlv in clearing that section of 
the country of guerrillas, and was engaged in skirmislies with them at Hazel 
Green November 9lh, McUormick's Farm November lOih, Morristown Novem- 
ber 13th, State Creek November 11th, and at Mt. Sterling November 16th; 
and on the l?th it was ordered to Crab Oicliurd, arriving there on the 2Uth, 
when it joined its division and moved to Cumberlainl Gup, East Tennessee. 
Froux there it marched to Clinch river, and had a shaip ligut on the 28tli, and 
then proceeded to Bean Station December 1st. The next day it made a scout 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 738 

to Morristown, Ruspellville, Whitesboro. and Cobb's Ford, eklrmishing at the 
first two named points on the M, at Cobb's Ford on the 3d, and on th'e 4\h it 
returned to Bean's Station, and was en^aored in scoutinrr and forajjinfr until 
the 11th, when it moved, in command of Lieutenant Colonel Chas. E. Smifh, 
with the command of General Stonoman, on the raid into North Carolina. 
The regiment, with another of its brigade, charged into Bristol on the 13th, 
taking a large number of prisoners, and capturing a large amount of the 
enemy's stores. Passing through Paperville, Va., on the fame day, it arrived 
at Abingdon on the 15th, having skirmished with the enemy at both placpf, 
and the next day fought Vaughn's brigade during the entire day. routines him 
and capturing all his artillery, and taking 250 prisoners, reaching Marion dur- 
ing that night. The command having been engage 1 at Mt. Airy, entered 
Wytheville, at which place a large amount of stores were taken and destroyed, 
the regiment procceeding to Max Meadow Station, being ten miles further in 
that direction than had been reached by any other Union troops. Tliere it 
destroyed a large arsenal, returning the same night to a point three miles 
south of Wytheville, and reaching Marion on the 17th, when a detachment of 
the 11th, then forming a part of the brigade of Colonel Brown, coming upon 
the enemy under Breckinridge, charged his cavalry and opened the engage- 
ment, wiiich continued with much vigorous fighting for 36 hours, during which 
repeated and daring charges were made by both sides, and the enemy, after 
the most determined fighting, fell back in disorder across the mountains into 
North Carolina. A detachment of the 11th Michigati, numbering 120 otficers 
and men, under the command of Captain E. 0. Miles, held a bridge during 
the whole engagement which was of much impoitance, being tiic key to the 
position held by the Union troops. Captain George B. Mason, while gallantly 
attempting to reinforce Captain Miles with a squadron of the regiment, was 
mortally wounded. The bridge was stubbornly held under a severe tire from a 
heavy force on the opposite side of the river, and, in addition to the loss of 
Captain Mason, Lieutenant Uavis and five enlisted men nobly fell in its di'feuAe. 
For this important service the detachment of Captain Miles received the high- 
est praise from General Stoneman, and the regiment was thanked in the gen- 
eral orders of the department commander for its meritorious and valuable 
services in the battle of Marion. 

Ti)e command, with the regiment in advance, then made a rapid march to 
Saltville, Va., arriving there on the 20th, and, after a severe engagement of 
twelve hours, the place was taken, with a large amount of supplies nnd con- 
siderable artillery. After destroying all the salt works and the captured pnip- 
erty, the command moved in the direction of Pound Gap, passing through 
Jouesboro and Morristown, Va., skirmishing almost tlie entire distance, 
arrived at that point on the 20th, having been engaged at Clinch rivor, Mor- 
ristown, and McCormick's Farm. 

Three-fourths of tlie men having become dismounted, they were sent on 
foot down the line of the Big Sandy river, the others crossing the mountains. 
The 11th then proceeded towards Lexington, Ky., arriving there January 2<1, 
1865. 

A correspondent wrote: 

" Thinkinp: that a detailed account of the late great raid of Gonemls Stonoman and Biir- 
bridge iulo East Tennosbee and SoulhwosLeru Virginia miglit uot bo uniiitfichtiiiKto your 
numeiuus readers, especially as a regiment of the ' Soldier Citi/ens' of LlicliiKaii partici- 
pated in the fatigues, liurdships and honors of the same to a ooubpicuous cxlent, I am 
persuaded to communicate the same to your columgb in as brief bpaco a possible, aa the 



*?34 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

leading features in the matter have doubtless been furnished you by the regular tele- 
graphic dispatches some days in advance of this. 

" On the 30th of October last the 11th Michigan Cavalry left Lexington, Ky., for Mount 
Sterling, where they arrived on the 31st and established their camp, supposing that the 
regiment had settled down for winter quarters. But on the next day, November 1st, the 
regiment was divided up into detaclmients as follows, for the protection of the eastern 
part of Kentucky against the numerous hands of guerrilas and robbers who infest the 
mountains of this part of the State, robbing and murdering the peaceable citizens with- 
out mercy, at the same time claiming the name and protection of Confederate soldiers. 
Their atrocities had assumed such proportions that General Burbridge, commanding the 
district of Kentuclvy, issued an order mailing it a military offense, with severe pun- 
ishment, for an officer or private soldier to take prisoners among them, or in any way to 
respect them as regular soldiers in the Confederate sei'vice— thus substantially delaring 
•war against them under the black flag, which military order is still in full force and effect. 
Companies F and M, under command of Captain D. D. Buck of Company F, were sent 
to Flemingsburg. Companies A and C, under command of Captain E. C. Miles, of Com- 
pany C, were ordered to Hazel Green, and Company I, under command of Captain 
George, was sent to Owensville, and the remainder of the regiment, under command of 
Major Charles E. Smith, was ordered to remain at Mount Sterling for the protection of 
that place, and to scout the surrounding country whenever their services might be needed. 
All of the detachments did efficient service, taking many of the guerrillas and executing 
them under General Burbridge's order, and guarding a front of over seventy miles from 
depredations and invasions by the enemy. 

" On the 18th of November, Major received orders to march with his command' 

for Crab Orchard immediately. He issued orders calling in the different detachments, 
and moved with the squadrons that were left with him at Mount Sterling early on the 
morning of the 19th. Nothing out of the usual routine of marching transpired between 
this place and Crab Orchaid, where he arrived on the moi'ning of the 21st and was joined 
by the detachments from Hazel Green, Owensville, and Flemingsburg. Here we remained 
all day, drawing forage for our horses, and receiving commissary and quartermaster's 
supplies from Camp Nelson. 

" We here joined the forces of General Burbridge, about 4,000 strong, composed of cav- 
alry and mounted infantry, which he had gathered together from all parts of his depart- 
ment in a few days. The troops were under the immediate command of Colonel. S. B. 
Brown, of the 11th Michgan Cavalry, General Burbridge and staff pushing forward in 
advance of the division, or in the rear, as his duties might call him. 

" We arrived at Cumberland Gap on the 24th, when General Burbridge organized his 
forces into three biigades as follows: 

" 1st Brigade — Consisting of all the cavalry of the division. Colonel S. B. Brown, 11th 
Michigan Cavalry, commanding. 

" 2d Brigade — Colonel Buckly, 54th Kentucky Mounted Infantry, commanding. 

"3d Brigade— I. F. Wade, 5th U. S. Colored Cavalry, commanding, 

"Being thus organized, and havhig rested and refreshed ourselves from the fatigues of 
the march from Crab Orchard to Cumberland Gap, W'e resumed the march at an early hour 
on the morning of the 25th for Bean Station, situated in what is known as the Eicliiand 
valley, on the road leading from Knoxville, Tenn., to Southwestern Virginia. We arrived 
at the ford of Clinch river about 9 o'clock A. M. of November 20th, where we found the 
river so swollen and the current so rapid from the recent heavy storms as to be impossible 
to ford it. Consequently we were obliged to build a raft to ferry the men and horse 
equipments across, driving the horses into the river and swimming them. Here Captain 
George, Company I, 11th Michigan Cavalry, in command of a detachment of about 100 
picked men from different squailrons of the regiment was sent across in advance of the 
balance of the troops to take possession of and hold a gap in the mountains which we 
would be obliged to pass through. He had a slight skiimisli wiih a small force of the 
enemy, driving him from the mountain and killing a Captain Ilipsie, a noted guerrilla 
chief in these parts, and mortally woundi'd one of his men. Captain George met with no 
loss. The process of crossing the river was tedious, but finally effected about 12 o'clock on 
the night of the 1st of December, the whole of the force having been crossed without loss. 
The command moved on immediately alter crossing, and arrived at Bean Station on the 
2d of December at 2 o'clock P. M., where we remained foraging the country and occa- 
sionally scouting and skirmishing with the enemy until the 12th, when, having been fur- 
nisluHJ with .^^ix days' rations, and joined by Generals Stonenian and Gillam with a force 
of about 1,200 men, we again resumed the march. But this time we changed our course, 
and instead of marching southward moved eastward towards Southwestern Virginia, 
where the field of our military operations lay. Our march was rapid, and evidenced the 
zeal and determination of our generals to outstrip the rebel forces in East Tennessee, 



I 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 735 

under comra.and of Vaughn and other rebel officers, which was successfully accomplished 
and to which we owe much of our success which crowned the expedition. General Giil- 
am'8 brigade had the advance. We arrived at Rogersville about dusk, where we went 
Into camp and remained three hours for the purpose of allowuig the men to cook llieir 
supper and feed their horses upon the forage wliich the rebels, by thf^ir industry liad 
gathered here in large quantities for transportation to the salt works and to Richmond 
for which they will please accept our thanks. After our throe hours were up wo wero 
again in the saddle and rapidly marching on our way. General Gillam still had the 
advance, and skirmished with the enemy all night. We arrived at Kingsport early in tlio 
morning of the 12th, and found the rebels, with some force, ready to dispute our passage 
over the north fork of the Holston river. But they were not maneuvrod. A force of 
'blue coats' succeeded in getting in their rear and routing them in a jianic, and causing 
them to fly in every direction. Our loss was only one man killed, while the enemy lost 20 
killed, several wounded, and quite a number of offieers and from 75 to 85 men taken pris- 
oners. Among the officers captured was Colonel Dick Morgan, brother of the late Gen- 
eral John Morgan, horse thief to his highness Jeff. Davis, for the State of Kentiickv. 

" We crossed the river about 3 o'clock P. M., General Burbridge in the advance, llio Ist 
brigade having the advance of the column. We moved immediately to Bristol, which 
place we reached at 3 o'clock A. M. of the 1-ith. We charged the town, capturing 'a largo 
cumber of prit^oncrs, five locomotives, two trains of cars (belonging to the Virginia and 
Tennessee railroad), and a large supply of quartermaster and commissary stores, and 
fixed artillery and rifle ammunition belonging to the Confederate government. The largo 
and commodious railroad depot at this place was stored full of ' tax in kmd,' collected by 
the rebel revenue agent, and awaiting shipment to Richmond, which, together with its 
contents, was burned to the ground, which will be heavily felt by the ' Johnnies.' We 
also burned the court house and all public buildings here, as they were used by the enemy 
as storehouses. We here found that we had flanked General Vaughn, who had boeii 
strainmg every nen-e to get in our advance and join General Breckenridge at Saltvdle, 
and that he was trying to get around us by the valley road, runnmg south of this place 
some four miles. Colonel Brown was ordered to take his coiumand and cut him off. 
Getting in Vaughn's front at Paperville, Colonel Brown took a commanding position and 
awaited his coming; but Vaughn, learning of our whereabouts, took a road running still 
further south, and intersecting the Saltville road at Abingdon; but we were not to be out- 
maneuvered in this way, and learning Vaughn's intention we abamioned our position and 
started at 4 o'clock P. M. by the most direct road for Abingdon, at which place we arrived 
at about 11 o'clock P. M., and entered the city whose sacred soil had never been trod by 
the feet of armed Yankees before, with but little resistance. A portion of the command 
pushed on two miles beyond Abingdon, and took up a position effectually cutting Vaughn 
off from the salt works, and compelling him to take a new road in the direction of Wythe- 
ville. At Abingdon we also captured a large quantity of quartermaster and commissary 
stores belonging to the rebel army, and vast stores of ' tax in kind,' awaiting shipment to the 
rebel capital; also, one piece of ai-tillery, a good quaUty of ammunition (both artillery 
and musketry), one train of cars, one locomotive, and about fifty prisoners. Here, us 
at Bristol, we burned the raUroad depot and other buildings, also all the public buildmgs 
in the city, including the court house, which was one of the finest structures of the kind 
I ever saw. The fire communicated from these buildings to private buildings, destroying 
much of the city, which was unintentional, as we did not wish or intend to destroy 
private property. 

" At daylight on the mommg of the 15th General Gillam moved out with his briga<lo la 
pursuit of Vaughn, and at 11 o'clock A. M. the whole force was in motion in the same 
direction. At early daylight on the morning of the 16th General Gillam came up with tlio 
rebels at Seven-mile Ford (a ford over the middle fork of the Holston river), capturing 75 
of his fear guard. At Marion the rebels made a bland, but were speedily put to lliglit, 
being unable to withstand the impetuous sabre charge of our troops. General Gilhim 
having been joined by Colonel Brown's brigade of cavalry. Here commenced a runninf^ 
fighl, which lasted from Marion to Wytheviile, a distance of 2-t miles. The rebels had 
besen pieces of heavy field artillery, to save which they put forth every e.\erli<»n, but we 
wi re too much for them, and captured their last cannon witlnn one mile of \\ ylhoviUo; 
also their entire wagon train, consisting of 18 or 20 wayons. in wiiich wo found Vaughn's 
militaiy books and papers, as also the books and papers of the different regjnienti^ and 
detachments of his command. We had pursued them so hotly, and given such proof of 
our superiority over thenj, that by the time we arrived ut Wyihevillo the enemy was iu a 
perfect rout, having ceased to show us light at all, but seeming only anxious to get out of 
our way by flight. Upon entering Wytheviile. General Vaughn tried to rally his men, 
and, with the home guard of that place, nuido a stand to defend the city, but they were 
so demoralized that they could not be stopped, but rushed on in the direction of Lynch- 



tSG MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

burg, and when last heard from were 60 miles beyond and still going. Colonel Brown 
charged the city with his brigade, and the frightened home guard left on a more than 
double quick for the mountains, without saluting us with a shot. Here we made very 
heavy captures, consisting of 75,000 rounds of fixed artillery and 5,000,000 rounds of 
musket ammunition, 75 wagons, 6,000 blankets, 8 cannon, 33 caissons, large quantities of 
commissary and quartermaster stores, etc. It would be almost impossible to estimate the 
amount of property belonging to the Confederate government which we desti'oyed. We 
also destroyed all the lailroad buildings, railway stock, a high bridge, 800 feet span, one 
large brick church, and some private buildings which were occupied by the rebel authori- 
ties as storehouses. Colonel Brown sent a detachment of the 11th Michigan Cavaliy 
some ten miles beyond Wytheville, who destroyed an arsenal filled with ammunition, and 
burnt a long and very expensive bridge on the Virginia and Tennessee railroad over Red 
creek. I will here make mention of an important feature of the raid which I have 
omitted, to wit: We destroyed all the bridges, depots, and other buildings belonging to 
tho Virginia and Tennessee railroad, telegraph offices, etc., from the lines of East Ten- 
nessee to ten miles beyond Wytlieviile. 

" After we had destroyed ail the government property, which too the whole command 
full 14 hours, we retired from the city, marching in the direction of Saltville. We 
moved about five miles and went into camp about 9 o'clock A. M. of the 17th for five 
hours, for the puropse of giving the men a little rest, who were much fatigued from the 
heavy marches made since leaving Bean Station. At 7 o'clock we were again in the 
saddle and resumed the march, the 1st brigade being in the advance. Everything went 
'merry as a marriage bell' till we arrived at Mount Airy, where our advance met the 
rebel Witcher with his command, whom Colonel Brown, with his brigade, charged at the 
gallop for five miles, when he ran into Breckenridge's whole command, who had come out 
of his fortifications at Saltville and taken up a strong position on the west side of Slaty 
creek, three miles from Marion. Here Colonel Brown showed great coolness and braveiy, 
and although opposed by full three times his number he held his position against the 
enemy for an hour and a half, when he was reinforced by the 3d brigade and our batteiy 
of four 10-pound rified Kodman guns. The action now became general on both sides, and 
closed only when darkness shut the combatants out from each other. AH was quiet dur- 
ing the night, except occasional shots from the advance picket lines, and arrangements 
being made for the morrow's work. 

"Early on the morning of the 18th the battle was resumed with unabated fury, and 
raged throughout the day, each side strenuously maintainmg its Une. Our side had been 
weakened one-half during the night, General GiUam, with his brigade, having been sent 
to flank the rebels on their left and get into their rear, and Colonel Buckley, with the 2d 
brigade, to make a similar movement on the enemy's right, which movements were suc- 
cessfully accomplished. Night again closed the contest, the line of battle of both sides 
remaining about the same as in the morning, but one of Breckenridge's scouts came in 
and reported to him that a large yankee force, which took one and a half hours to pass a 
given point (meaning General Gillam's brigade), had flanked him and were going for the 
salt works. Upon receiving this information, Breckenridge withdrew from our front as 
soon as darkness set in, and pushed for Saltville to look after his new reported enemy, 
when he suddenly ran into Colonel Buckley's brigade, who captured his advance guard. 
Breckenridge, thinking he was surrounded by a legion of Yankees, broke and ran for 
North Carolina in great haste, burning the bridges and blockading the road behind him. 

" On the morning of the 19th we found the coast clear, there being no rebels to be seen 
or heard. Colonel Brown detached a portion of his brigade to look after the retreating 
rebels, who came up with the enemy at the iron mines, but they made no stand. After 
destroying the iron works our forces returned and rejoined the brigade. We encamped 
for the night about midway between Marion and Saltville. 

" On the morning of tlie 20th we resumed the march at an early hour, and arrived near 
Saltville about 10 o'clock A. M. and skirmished with the enemy all the afternoon, pushing- 
our skirmish line close up under their forts and fortifications. At 4 o'clock P. M. Colonel 
Norman S. Andrews (of Michigan), chief of artillery on General Burbridge's staff, got the 
artillery in position and opened a vigorous fire upon the forts, each shot going to its mark 
with groat precision, driving tho rebels under cover. 

"At dark the firing ceased on both sides, and at 2 o'clock A. M. of the 21st, General Bur- 
bridge ordered Colonel Brown to charge a large and powerful fort situated on a hill which 
commanded all the roads and paths leading into Saltville, which order was immediately 
obeyed and was successful in its execution, the rebels leaving the forts as soon as the 
' Yanks' gave the whoop which always precedes a charge, so that when we arrived at the 
fort we were unich surprised to see it evacuated. The rebels retreated from it in such 
haste that they did not even spike their guns (two 40-pounder brass guns), or destroy tho 
caissons and ammunition belonging to the same. Shortly after a deserter came into our 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 7^7 

lines and r^portod that the enoiuy were evacuating: the place. At early day-break Colonel 
Brown, at th(> head of his brigade, maiohed upon Saltville and found the plaoe evacuated, 
the ' Johnnies' having left for the mountains during the night. At 8 o'clock all the troops 
had entered the town and commenced the work of destroying the salt works which the 
enemy have defended for the past four years with great eneigy, as it is the only place In 
the Confederacy where salt is obtained; consequently they were almost of ine.stimablo 
value to the rebels. All day and niirht of tlie 21st, and until 2 o'clock P. M. of the 22d, 
the whole force was engaged in breaking kettles, burning buildings, sheds, etc., detiiroy- 
ing wells, in fact, in the complete destruction of eveiything pertaining to the works. 
We destroyed over 2,000 kettles capable of manufacturing 25,000 bushels of salt per day 
when run to their full extent. We also destroyed three forts, two arsenals filled with 
ammunition, 13 cannon and caissons, five locomotives, and about 80 car's, depot and three 
store-houses, and other buildings belonging to the railroad. The salt wells, which were 
drilled through rock 280 feet deep and four in number, we destroyed by filling with 
solid shot and railroad iron. It will be impossible to remove these obstructions, and the 
rebs will have to drill new wells, to say nothing of getting kettles, building furntwjes, etc., 
before they can have any more salt in Dixie. » 

" At 3 o'clock P. M., the destruction of Saltville being thoroughly completed, nothing 
but charred and broken ruin remaining, and the object of our expedition being fully 
accomplished, the tioops were crossed to the north side of the Holston river to take up 
the march again, but this time toward Kentucky instead of penetrating further into the 
enemy's country. As Colonel Brown's brigade was the first to enter Saltville, it was the 
last to leave the place, being ordered to protect the rear of the division from attack by 
the enemy, who were reported to be coming in force, having been heavily reinforced 
from Eichmond. We marched about eight miles, when we went into camp and remained 
till 10 o'clock of the 23d, when we were again in the saddle, passing through Hider's Gap 
and arriving at Lebanon at 6 o'clock P. M. where we halted about an hour, fed our horses 
and cooked supper for ourselves, when we again started, marching all night, arriving at 
the ford of CUnch river at 7 o'clock A. M. of the 24th, and succeeded in crossing at 4 
o'clock. Here our rear was attacked by the enemy, and pretty brisk skirmishing was 
kept up tin dark, when we were again in the saddle and marched all night, making a short 
halt In the morning. We saw no more of the enemy except a few bushwhackers who did 
little damage, between Clinch river and Pound Gap, atwiiich place we arrived on the 25th, 
after passing through which the command was halted, and the dismounted men, thirteen 
hundred and twelve in number, under command of Captain George and Lieutenant M. 8. 
Perkins, of the 11th Michigan cavalry, were sent by the way of Shelby Creek and Big Sandy 
to Louisa, to take a boat and go by the Ohio river to Cincinnati, and from thence via the 
Kentucky Central railroad to Lexington. The balance of the command proceeded by the 
way of Hazel Green to Mount Sterling where they arrived at 2 o'clock P. M., January Ist, 
1865. Remaining all night, started the next day at noon towards Lexington, at which 
place they arrived on the 3d, weary and worn out, having passed through one of the long- 
est and most fatiguing raids of the war. 

■'In conclusion allow me to say a word or two in relation to Colonel Brown of the 11th 
Michigan cavalry. Since we have been in the field Colonel Brown has been called upon 
to command brigades on ail the raids in which his regiment has taken part, which ho lias 
done with honor and credit. Upon the raid just ended he showed the ' true metal ' and 
handled his brigade so skillfully that General Burbridge sent his name to the War 
Department with the recommend that he be appointed a biiga<lior general for'brave con- 
duct and skillfull management. The 11th cavalry would dislike to see their colonel taken 
from them under any other cu'cumstances, but should he g<'t the 'star,' we should bid him 
God speed, beUeving that he has richly earned the high position. " 

On the 19th of January, 1865, the regiment being etationed at Lexington, 
Ky., moved to Mount Sterling, and was engaged at Hazel Green, Fleininga- 
burg, and in scouting the eastern portion of Kentucky. On February 23d it 
started to join General Stonenian's command at Kno.wilio, reaching there via 
Louisville, Ky., and Nashville, Tenn., Marcii IDili, when it was afisigned to 
2d brigade, and formed part of the force on Stonenian's expedition iluough 
East Tennessee, North and South Carolina, and Georgia. The command loft 
Knoxville March 17th, and passed through Boon, N. C, on tlio 27th, crossod 
the Yadkin river on the 30th, passing through Mount Airy on the 3l8t, liilU- 
daJe, April Ist, and arrived at Cliristiansburg April 3d, where it destroyed a 
portion of the East Tennessee railroad, and passing through Danbury April 

93 



738 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

9th, Germantown April 10th, and arriving at Salisbury April 12th, it engaged 
a superior force of the enemy, and captured 1,800 [u-isoners, 23 pieces of aitil- 
lery, and destroyed a large amount of property, and also the railroads and 
telegraph lines leading from that point. In this engagement Captain John 
Edwards was killed. From Salisbury the command marched via Taylorsville 
on the 14th, passing Lenoir Station on the 15th, and was engaged at Morgan- 
town on the 17th. On the 19th it proceeded to Swananoa Gap, and passing 
through Kutherfordton on the 20th, Hendersonville on the 23d, arriving at 
Ashville on the 26th, taking at that point 200 prisoners, and capturing a large 
amount of property, including artillery. Passing again through Henderson- 
ville on the 27th, the command entered South Carolina via Saluda Gap and 
Caesars Head, arriving at Anderson Court House May 1st. It destroyed the 
remnant of the rebel treasury, then moved to Carnesville, Ga., on the 3(1, and 
to Athens on "the 4th, and on the 11th captured the cavalry escort of Jefferson 
Davis, near Washington, moving to Hartwell on the 13th, the command guard- 
ing the crossing points of the Tugaloo and Savannah rivers. On the 22, cross- 
ing the Savannah river, reached Maxwell's Farm, S. C. ; on the 23d, Green- 
ville, and on the 25th, Asheville, N. 0., and Greenville, Tenn., on the 37th ; 
Strawberry Plains on the 29th, Knoxville on June 3d, and arrived at Lenoir 
Station June 4th, and encamped until the 24th, when the regiment moved by 
rail to Pulaski, and on the 20th July it was consolidated with the 8th Michi- 
gan Cavalry. 

The regiment was engaged with the enemy at Pound Gap, Kv., May 17, 
1864; Hazel Green, Ky., May 20, 1864; Mount Sterling, Ky., June 9, 1864; 
Lexington, Ky., June 10, 1864; Georgetown, Ky., June 13, 1864; Oynthiana, 
Ky., June 12, 1864; Point Burnside, Ky., August 30, 1864; McCormick's 
Farm, Ky., September 23, 1864; Laurel Mountain, Va., September 29, 1864 ; 
Bowen's Farm, Va., September 30, and October 1, 1864; Saltville, Va., Octo- 
ber 2, 1864; Sandy Mountain, Va., October 3 and 4, 1864; Western Virginia, 
October 5, 1864; Hazel Green, Ky., November 9, 1864; McCormick's Farm, 
Ky., November 10, 1864; Morristown, Ky., November 13, 1864; State Creek, 
Ky., November 14, 1864; Mt. Sterling, Ky., November 16, 1864; Clinch River, 
Tenn., November 28, 1864; Kussellville, Tenn., December 1, 1864; Morris- 
town, Tenn., December 1, 1864; Cobb's Ford, Tenn., December 2, 1864; 
Bristol, Tenn., December 13, 1864; Paperville, Tenn., December 13, 1864; 
Abingdon, Va., December 15, 1864; Wytheville, Va., December 16, 1864; 
Mount Airy, Va., December 17, 1864; Marion, Va., December 18, 1864; 
Seven Miles Ford, Va., December 19, 1864; Saltville, Va., December 20 and 
21, 1864; Jonesboro, Va., December 23, 1864; Clinch River, Va., December 
24, 1864; Morristown, Va., December 25, 1864; McCormick's Farm, Ky., 
December 29, 1864; Mt. Sterling, Ky., January 19, 1865; Hazel Green, Ky., 
January 28, 1865; Flemingsburg, Ky., February 18, 1865; Boone, N. C., 
March 27, 1865; Yadkin River, N. C, March 28, 1865; Mount Airy, Va., 
March 31, 1865; Hillsville, Va., April 1, 1865; Salem, Va., April 3, 1865; 
Ohristiansburg, Va., April 3, 1865; Jonesboro, Tenn., April 5, 1865; Dan- 
bury, N. C, April 9, 1865; Statesville, N. C, April 10, 1865; ford near 
Statesville, N. C, April 11, 1865; Salisbury, N. C, April 12, 1865; States- 
ville, N. C, April 13, 1865; Morganton, N. C, April 16, 17, 18, 1865; 
Swananoa Gap, N. C, April 19, 1865; Hendersonville, N. C, April 21, 1865; 
Asheville, N. C, April 23, 1865; Ward's Farm, N. C, April 28, 1865; 
Caesar's Head, S. C, Ai)ril 30, 1865; Pickensville, S. C, May 1, 186$; 
Anderson Court House, S. C, May 2, 1865. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAli. 739 

The enrollment of the regiment hud been l.olO, and it had lost 142, of 
which 4 officers, 18 men were killed in action, 6 men died of wuuudb, uud 114 
of disease* 

" Thy soul, to realms above us fled, 
_ Thouiih, like a star, it dwells o'er head, 

Still lights this world below. 
Thou art not dead— thou art not dead I" 



MISCELLANEOUS ORGANIZATIONS. 



lu the early days of the war the numerous demands for the acceptance of 
companies can scarcely be conceived. Applications, urged and endorsed by all 
possible influence from citizens of both political parties, became oppressive to 
the governor, and his inability to comply with their requests was not only a 
source of great disappointment to the applicants, but often brought censure 
upon the executive. As a result, many companies sought and obtained service 
in regiments of other States. 

Two companies of cavalry took this course, and entered the " Merrill Horse," 
a Missouri regiment (2d Missouri Cavalry). These companies were recruited 
at Battle Creek, H, by Captain J. B. Rogers, and I, Captain J. B. Mason, 
and were both mustered into the U. S. service at St. Louis, Mo., September 
6th, 18G1. 

In December, 1862, another company (L), was organized at Battle Creek 
by Captain Almon E. Preston, and took service in the same regiment, being 
mustered into the U. S. service January 1st, 1863. 

These companies took the field with oflScers as follows: 

H. Captain, Jabez B. Rogers, Battle Creek. First Lieutenant, Nathan J. Aiken, Battle 
Creek. Second Lieutenant, George H. Eowell, Battle Creek. 

I. Captain, James B. Mason, Battle Creek. First Lieutenant, Joseph Cessna, Eaton 
county. Seconfl Lieutenant, A. McKane, Calhoun county. 

L. Captain, Almon E. Preston, Battle Creek. First Lieutenant, Edwin J. Dickenson, 
Battle Creek. Second Lieutenant, Charles D. Root, Battle Creek. 

The "Merrill Horse" was a Missouri organization, and served during the 
whole term of its service with the Western armies. It is known to have been 
actively engaged, and to have seen much service in the field, but the returns 
of these companies are very meagre in the details of their operations, conse- 
quently it has been impossible to give a full and satisfactory sketch of their 
movements and services. The companies were at Nashville, Tenn., on Janu- 
ary 1st, 1865, and on the 8th took steamers for Eastport, Miss., arriving there 
on the 15th, and on thtj 11th of February left that point, via Florence, Hunts- 
ville, Stevenson, and Bridgeport, Ala., for Chattanooga, Tenn., where the 
regiment remained until March 11th, when they crossed the Tennessee river 
and marched with the regiment on a scout to the eastwanl of Chattanooga, 
but not finding tlie enemy, returned to camp next day. They again left canij) 
with the regiment on the 2l8t and marched southward in the direction of 
Rome, Ga,, and returned on tlie 27th, having skirmisiied with the enemy at 
Trenton Gap on the 22d, at Alpine on the 24th, and at Summerville on the 
25th. On May Ist they were at Resaca. On the 9th left for Kingston, arriv- 
ing there same day, and on the 20th started with the regiment for Atlanta as 

(740) 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 741 

an escort to a supply train, arriving at that point on the 23d, and were then 
ordered to return with the train loaded \fith cotton to Chattanooga. 

On September 21st folh)wing, they were mustered out of service at Nash- 
ville, and soon thereafter paid off and disbanded. 

During the term of service of the regiment it had been engaged with the 
enemy at Memphis, Mo., July 18, 1862; Moor's Mill, Mo., July 28, 1862; 
Kirksville, Mo., August 6, 1862; Brownsville, Ark., August 25, 1863; Bayou 
Mecoe, Ark., August 27, 1863; Ashley's Bayou, Ark., Suptember 7, 1863; 
Little Rock, Ark., September 10, 1863; Benton, Ark., September 11, 1863; 
Princeton, Ark., December 8, 1863; Little Missouri river, Ark., April 3 and 
4. 1864; Prairie Dehan, Ark., April 12, 13, 14, 1864; Camden, Ark., April 
15, 1864; Jenkins's Ferry, Ark., April 29, 30, 1864; Franklin, Mo., October 1, 
1864; Ottt'rville, Mo., October 10, 1864; Lidependence, Mo., October 22, 
1864; Big Blue, Mo., October 23, 1864; Trenton Gap, Ga., March 22, 1865; 
Alpine, Ga., March 24, 1865; Summerville, Ga., March 25, 1665. 

Company L not having been organized until December, 1862, did not par- 
ticipate in the engagements prior to August 25, 1863. 

From a report of the Adjutant General, State of Missouri: 

"In Aus:ust, 1861, Lewis Merrill, Captain 2d Cavalry, U. S. Anny, received authority 
from General Fremont to organize and concentrate a cavalry regiment at Benton Barracks, 
St. Louis, Missouri, for immediate service in the field. At this particular juncture recruit- 
ing for the United States service was of a slow and tedious nature. Other officers had 
received similar authority, and after a short effort abandoned the project as impracticable. 
Captain Merrill, with his characteristic determination to succeed in all his endeavors, 
recruited and enlisted over eight hundred men in less than one month, commenced a sys- 
tem of military instruction and drill as soon as he organized the first squadron, and by 
dint of hard labor and unceasing efforts succeeded in raising the regiment to a standard 
of perfection that now stands in point of drill and discipline among the first in the cavalry 
volunteer service. 

"In the month of September, 1861, before thoroughly organized and equipped, this 
regiment received orders from General Fremont to march to Springlield, Mo., to osriist in 
the expulsion of the force then invading our state. On arriving at Springfield the enemy 
were reported to be in force near Wilson's Creek, and the regiment, Merrill Horse (so 
styled and named by General Fremonti, was selected to make a reconnolssance in that 
direction and report result same day. Marching continuously, they went as f ar ae Wil- 
son's Creek, and ascertained that the enemy had marched into Arkansas. Returning, 
they were ordered to Sedalia, Mo., where they remained about two mouths, doing effect- 
ive and valuable service in the way of scouting and dispersing armed bands of guerrillas. 
In an engagement of this nature the regiment lost a valuable officer in the death of Major 
Marshall. In a similar engagement, under command of Major C. B. Hunt, sustained 
another loss of three men killed and seven wounded, but achieved a victory over the 
■enemy, three times their number. 

" In Januai-y, 1862, the regiment was ordered into northeast Missouri and disposed of 
as follows: Headquartei's of the regiment at Columbia, Colonel Lewis Merrill in com- 
mand; four squadrons at Glasgow, Alajor Hunt in command; two squadrons at Sturgeon, 
Major Clopper in command; two at Huntsville, Captain Karker in command. This dis- 
position of the regiment (made by the colonel) was so admirably planned and arranged as 
to prove of incalculable sei-vice in ridding that section of the country from a baud of guer- 
rillas and marauders that were fast devastating and laying waste that beautiful country. 
Subject to the orders of the colonel, each detachruent would st^irt on a scout with the 
understanding to meet at a given point, thereby driving the confused bushwhacker to 
seek shelter for his already forfeited life in some other portion of the State remote from 
the regiment. Major C. B. Hunt's detachment participatt-d in the battle of Silver Creek, 
and acquitted themselves nobly, obtaining favorable mention in the official report. On 
July r2th, 1S62, Major John Y. Clopper received telegraphic orders to conci-ntrale dctach- 
nieiits of squadrons A, C, E, F, H, and I at Huntsville, and march out of the district Into 
Scotland and Schuyler counties, and by forced marches to attack and disband an armed 
force of guerrillas under command of Joe Porter. Rapid marcltes from 36 to 40 miles a 
day, without tents or wagons, through a continuous and drenchin;,' rain of six days' dura- 
tion, brought the enemy to a stand near Memphis, Mo., on the Ibth of July, 161)2; secreted 
and ambushed in a dense undergrowth of timber, their fire waa deadly and destructivo. 



742 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

With but 200 men, the detachment maintained their ground against 700 concealed assas- 
sins, and by the timely assistance of Major J. B. Eogers, 9th Missouri State Militia, suc- 
ceeded in routing them. In this engagement the regiment sustained a heavy loss; 4 
ofScers severely wouuded, 10 privates Jiilled, and 31 wounded. After buiying the dead 
and providing for the wounded, this detachment again took up the line of pursuit on the 
trail of the enemy. By unceasing and weary marches drove him into Boone county. On 
the 26th of July Major Clopper's exhausted horses and worn-out men were reinforced by 
Lieutenant Colonel Wm. F. Schaeffer, with 100 of same i-egiment. On the 28th inst., 
when within a few miles of the enemy, they met Colonel Odon Guitar, 9th Missouri State 
MUitia, with 150 men, who assumed command of the expedition, when they again attacked 
and repulsed the enemy, after a severe contest. At this time Colonel Joe Porter's force 
numbered 1,500 men. On the 29th inst they were again in the saddle and in fuU pursuit, 
driving him northward on almost the same trail he came down, and by close pursuit pre- 
vented a union of Poindexter's and Porter's forces. On the 3d of August, met Colonel 
John McNeil, also in pursuit of our common foe; 5th, constant skirmishing with Porter's 
rear guard; 6th, brought him to bay in the town of Kirksville, where his men were dis- 
tributed in houses. A closely -contested engagement of two hours and forty minutes' 
duration, under the able management of Colonel John McNeil, decided a complete victory 
in our favor and a complete rout and disbandonment of the enemy, with a loss of not less 
than 500 killed and wounded. At this engagement Porter had under his command 2,650 
men, while opposed to them we had but 500 and a section of the 3d Indiana battery, which 
did valuable service in shelling and destroying houses. 

" Poindexter, with 900 men, being cut off from joining Porter, was pursued by Major 
C. B. Hunt, of this regiment, overtaken, whipped, and disbanded. Six weeks' further 
scouting after small squads of the disbanded forces effectually put a quietus on this 
extensive horde of guerrillas. The regiment was then concentrated at Sturgeon, Mo., 
and again underwent a system of military instruction, and under the direct supervision uf 
the colonel was taught all the minutise pertaining to a cavalry regiment. A threatened 
concentration and outbreak of guerrillas caused this regiment to again divide, with a view 
of breaking up these bands in their incipiency. Three squadrons were sent to Paris, 
Monroe county, four to Palmyra, three to Mexico, and two to Warrenton. By dint of 
hard labor the object was achieved, and the regiment again concentrated at Warrenton. 

"In June, 1863, they received marching orders to go to Pilot Knob to form a part of 
the cavalry expedition then organizing, under General Davidson, for the purpose of 
attacking Little Rock. Colonel Lewis MerrUl was assigned to the command of the 1st 
cavalry brigade. The regiment participated in all the skirmishing on the march to Little 
Rock, and took a prominent part on the attack on that place." 

The following companies also took service in other States, being unable to 
obtain admission into regiments of their own State: D, 37Lh, E, F, and H, 
42d, B and H, 44th, and D, 66th Illinois Infantry. 

These companies took the field with the following named officers, commis- 
Bioned by the State of Illinois : 

D, 37th. Captain, John W. Laimber, Chicago. First Lieutenant, Wells H. Blodgett, 
Chicago. Second Lieutenant, WilUam Mazell, Manistee. 

E, 4;2d. Captain, David W. Norton, Chicago. First Lieutenant, William R. Townsend, 
Niles. Second Lieutenant, Nathaniel H. De Foe, Dowagiac. 

F, 42d. Captain, Charles C. PhiUips, Chicago. First Lieutenant, William D. WUUams, 
Chicago. Second Lieutenant, Andrew H. Granger, Chicago. 

H. 42d. Captain, John A. Hottenstein, Kankakee, First Lieutenant, George D. Curtis, 
Albion. Second Lieutonant, J H. Brewer, Eaton Rapids. 

B, 44th. Captain, Wallace W. Barrett, Coldwater. First Lieutenant, Lemon G. Hine, 
'- JJ^"- ^ Coldwater. Second Lieutenant, Samuel H. Andrews, Coldwater. 

I /Tt! \ H, 44th. Captain, James H. Barrett,* Kalamazoo. First Lieutenant, Charles T. Dake, 

Kalamazoo. Second Lieutenant, James S. Ransom, Kalamazoo. 

D, 66th (Western Shai-pshooters). Captain, John Piper, Battle Creek. First Lieuten- 
ant, John H. Andrews, Hartford, (Mich). Second Lieutenant, George W. Lusk, Leroy. 

Two companies entered seivice in regiments of the State of New York, the 
officers being commissioned by the Governor of thfit State. 

Company K, 1st (Lincoln) Cavalry, mustered into service August 12th, 

•Captain Barrett was promoted from a captiiincy to the colonelcy of the regiment, August 15, 
1862, and breveted Brigadier General Volunteers, March 13th, 1665. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 743 

18G1, raised at Grand Rapids by Captain Anson N. Norton, of that place, with 
Henry W. Granger, Gruml Riipid.s, first lieutenant; Franklin G. Martindale, 
Grand Rii[)ids, second lieutenant. 

The reuiuient was organized by Colonel Andrew T. McReynolds, Grand 
Rapids, and coinmanded by bin) in the fielil. 

Company C, 70th Infantry (Sickles's britrade), mustered into service June 
21st, 1861, raised at Paw Paw by Captain William 11. Hugo, of that place, 
with James M. Longwell, first lieutenant, and William C. Carroll, second 
lieutenant. 

Tliere was a company organized at Adrian in June, 1861, designated as B, 
47th Ohio Infantry, and mustered into service with the following officers, 
commissioned by the Governor of Oliio: William H. Ward, Adrian, captain; 
Henry H. Sinclair, Adrian, first lieutenant; and Abram Wing, Adrian, sec- 
ond lieutenant. The company had veteranized, and was mustered out of 
service at Little Rock, Ark., August 11th, 1865. 

The "Jackson Guard," a Detroit company, composed of Irishmen, raised 
by Captain John McDermott, Detroit, with Patrick J. McDcrmott, Detroit, 
first lieutenant, and John H. Daly, Detroit, second lieutenant, failing to get 
a position in the early Michigan regiments, offered tlieir services to Colonel 
James Mulligan, then recruiting a regiment in Illinois. They were accepted^ 
and the company joined his command in June, 1861. 

Company A, 23d Illinois Infantry, Captain Patrick J. McDermott, Detroit; 
first lieutenant, John H. Daly, Detroit; second lieutenant, Martin J. Russell, 
Chicago; was origmally the "Jackson Guard." It entered service on the 
15th of June, 1861, joining its regiment (a three montlis' organization) at 
Chicago. It moved thence to Missouri, and was part of the garrison of Lex- 
ington when that post was attacked, on the 15th of September, 1861, 
by an overwhelming rebel force under General Stirling Price. Tiie Union 
troops, under Colonel Mulligan, held out for nine days before their small force 
surrendered. They were then paroled, and in October following the regiment 
was mustered out of service. 

Colonel Mulligan said of this company at Lexington: 

" The -vshole line was broken and the enemy rushed in upon us. Captain Fitzgerald, 
whom I had linown in my younger days and whom we had been accustomed to coll by 
tlie name of ' Saxy,' was then ordered to oppose his company to the assailants. As I gave 
the Older, ' Saxy, go in,' the gallant Fitzgerald at the head of Company I, with a wild yell 
rushed in upon the enemy. The commander sent for a company on which he could roly. 
The (ihng suddenly ceased, and wiien the smoke arose from the held I observed the 
Michigan company (Jackson Guard), Captain Patrick McDermott, charging the enemy 
and driving them back. JSl any of our good fellows were lying dead; our cartridges had 
failed, and it was evident the tight would soon ceiiifo. It was now 3 o'clock, and all on a 
sudden an orderly came, saying the enemy had sent a flag of truce. With the Hog came 
the following note from General Price: ' Colonel, what has caused the cessation of 
fight?' Mulligan returned it with the following reply: 'General, I hardly know, unless 
you have surrendered.' " 

" The fight had ceased! The cannon's roar 
Was silent on Missouri's shore; 
The leader and his band so bravo 
Had turned from walls they could not save." 

In December following the regiment wiis reorganized, the Michigan com- 
pany rcenlisting and tilling up witli recruits from this State, ami under Col- 
onel Mulligan proceeded to Western Virginia in June, 1862, and remained in 
service until the close of the war, when it was mustered out at Richmond, Va., 
on the 25th of July, 1865. 



744 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

In 1861, authority was given by the War Department to Colonel Berdan to 
to organize the 1st Regiment IJ. S. Sharp-shooters, the companies to be 
raised in the several states, one being assigned to Michigan. The company 
was recruited at large, equipped and armed by the State. In the selection of 
its membership it underwent a most severe test as to marksmanship, by a com- 
mission appointed by the Governor of the State, composed of Colonels E. 0. 
Grosvenor, Wm. Hammond, and Jerome Croul, aids-de-camp to the Comman- 
der-in-chief and members of the State Military Board. The result of this test 
was the selection of a hundred of the best marksmen in the State. The com- 
pany was armed with rifles chosen by each member respectively, being of the 
various makes and sizes of the common hunting rifle in use in the west at the 
time. It was mustered into the service of the U. S. at Detroit, on the 31st of 
August, 1861, in command of Captain Benjamin Deusler of Quincy, with First 
Lieutenant, Floyd A. Willett, of Kalamazoo, and Second Lieutenant, James H. 
Baker, of Lansing. 

Two more companies were recruited for this regiment. Company I, in com- 
mand of Captain A. Milan Willett, of Muir; First Lieutenant, James F. Covel, 
of Palo, and Second Lieutenant, Jonathan A. Sprague, of that place. Com- 
pany K, Captain, Spencer J. Mather, of Detroit; First Lieutenant, Peter B. 
Sanborn, Port Huron, and Second Lieutenant, Caleb F. Davis, of Detroit. 

These companies were mustered into the service of the U. S., the former on 
the 4th and the latter on the 20th of March, 1863. 

A company of Sharp-shooters was also organized by Captain Andrew B. 
Stewart, of Lansing. John J. Whitman, First Lieutenant, and Darius C. 
Calkins, Second Lieutenant. This was mustered into the U. S. service Oct. 
4th, 1861, and assigned as Company B, 2d U. S. Sharp-shooters. All these 
companies went to tlie field and served until the war ended. 

It would have afforded much pleasure to have been able to notice these com- 
panies more fully, but sufficient data cannot be obtained for that jnirpose. 

In the month of April, 18*33, Captain G. S. Wormer, of Detroit, was author- 
ized to raise and equip a company of infantry to serve as a guard over Generals 
Burrows and Harding, and Judge Hill, all influential citizens of Nashville, 
Tennessee, then rebel prisoners on the Island of Mackinac, and who had been 
arrested for treason by Andrew Johnson, then military governor of that State. 
This company was designated the "Stanton Guard." It was mustered into 
the service May 10th, with Grover S. Wormer, Detroit, Captain; Elias F. 
Sutton, First Lieutenant, and Louis Hartmeyer, Detroit, Second Lieutenant, 
and immediately took trau8[)ort for Mackinac, where it served until the 25th 
of September following, when it was disbanded, the necessity for the service 
having passed away by the release of the prisoners. 

A Lancer regiment, composed of a fine body of men, principally from Can- 
ada, was raised in 1862 by Colonel Arthur Kankin, of Windsor, an English 
•Canadian, and a capable officer. It was mustered into service with the uiaxi- 
mum number, fully equipped, with the exception of horses. It would have 
left the State for the field in fine condition, but was disbanded by orcier of the 
War Department, contraiy to the repealed protests of the Governor, and with- 
out giving any reast)n for such a procedure, losing to the service of the Union 
a remarkably fine regiment of officers and men. 

At Coldwater there was a battalion of cavalry recruited under the direction 
of Major Hughes, designated as the "Chandler Horse Quard." It was mus- 
tered into service with four companies, fully equipped and mounted, but on 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 745 

account of some irregularities in ita organization, was disbanded before leaving 
the State. 

In 1863 a company known as the "Provost Guard" was raised and organ- 
ized by Captain Erastus D. Robinson, Detroit, with John Vanstun, Detroit, as 
First Lieutenant, and Hubbard Smith, Detroit, as Second Lieutenant. This 
company was mustered into service January 3d, 1863, under authority from 
the Secretary of War, for duty at Detroit Barracks and served until May 9th, 
1865, when it was mustered out of service at Detroit. 

The number of men from Michigan who served in organizations of other 
States and in the regular army and navy, so far as reported, will be found quite 
inconsiderable when compared with the aggregate of troops, and is as follows: 

Company A, 23d Illinois, 281; 33d Illinois, Company B, 2; 37th Illinois, 
Company D, 63; 42d Illinois, 214; 44th Illinois, 192; 6Gth Illinois, Company 
D, 180; 29th Indiana, 1; 127th Indiana, 1; 20th Indiana Battery, 1; Ist 
Iowa Cavalry, 1; 7th Iowa Infantry, 1; 9th Iowa Infantry, 1; 9Lh KansjvP 
Cavalry, 1; Ist Missouri Engineers, 13; 1st Missouri Light Artillery, 1; Ist 
New York Cavalry, 98; 70th New York Infantry, Company C, 129; 47th 
Ohio Infantry, 32 ; 10th Pennsylvania Infantry, 1 ; llih Pennsylvania Cav- 
alry, 1; 4th Tennessee Cavalry, 2; 12th Tennessee Cavalry, 3; l'3th Wiscon- 
sin Infantry, 1; 19th Wisconsin Infantry, 1; Mississippi Mounted Kiflt's (col- 
ored), 4; Powell's Colored Infantry, 4; Mississippi Marine Brigade, 1; Baml, 
3d Division, 9th Army Corps, 12; Band, 4th Division, 13th Army Corps, 17; 
Band, Cavalry Corps, 8; Veteran Volunteer Engineers, 10; Veteran Reserve 
Corps, 389; Hancock's'lst A. C, 153; U. S. Navy, 598; 2d U. 8. Infantry, 
10-i; 11th U. S. Infantry, 242; 12th U. S. Infantry, 1; 15th U. S. Infantry, 
2; 16th U. S. Infantry, 20; 19th U. S. Infantry, 884; General Service, U. 
S., 186; 5th U. S. Colored Artillery, 14; 9th U. S. Colored Artillery, 3; 13th 
U. S. Colored Artillery, 21 ; 3d U. S. Colored Cavalry, 16 ; 12th U. S. Col- 
ored Infantry, 1 ; 31sl U. S. Colored Infantry, 1 ; 38th U. S. Colored Infantry, 
10; 49ih U. S. Colored Infantry, 1; 53d U. S. Colored Infantry, 1 ; 54th U. 
U. S. Colored Infantry, 1; 55th U. S. Colored Infantry, 1; 61st U. S. Colored 
Infantry, 2. 

Note. — In a work devoted to tracing the career of General Stonewall Jackson In tlie 
rebellion, and entitled, " Old Jack and his Foot Cavalry, or a Virginia Boy's Projfress and 
Ilenown,"is found the following incident which took place during the battle of Ciioncel- 
lorsville, m whieii General Jackson was killed: 

"A quarter of an hour previous to the discharge of the fatal shots which deprived 
Jackson of his hfe, a Federal officer who was wounded and taken prisoner, appeared 
before him. This officer w£is Captain Wm. D. Wilkins, of Michigan, on the sUiff of Gen- 
eral A. S. Williams, who commanded a division of the national army. The puiticulors of 
the Interview between that officer and General Jackson are here given as we find them in 
a northern journal: 

"When captured, Captain Wilkins was placed in charge of a guard who took him a 
short distance to the rear, where he met General Jackson and staff. Jackson was silting 
on his horse at the head of the column, surrounded by his staff. Ho wore a now suit of 
gray uniform, and was a spare man witii a weather-beaten face and a bright, grayish I'iue 
eye. He had a pecuharly sad and gloomy expres^t-ion of countenance, as thoiigti ho 
already saw a premonition of his fate. It was but 15 minutes later that ho was luuitaliy 
wounded. As they came hito his presence the nuard aiinouncod: 'Acaptun-d Yanicoe 
officer.' Captain Wilkins asked him if he was Major General Thomas J. Jackson. On 
being answered in the affirmative, he raised his hat. General Jackson 8;dd: "A regular 
army officer, I suppose; your officers do not usually salute ours.' Captain Wilkins 
rephed: ' No, I am not; I salute you out of respect to you as a gallant offleor.' Ho then 
asked his name and rank? On being told, he further inquired wiiat corps and coniniaiiders 
were opposed In front. Captain Willdus replied that as an officer he could nut roturu a 

94 



746 ]tfIOHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

truthful answer to such questions. Jackson then turned to the guard and ordered them 
to search hina. He then had in the breast pocket of his coat Hoolter's confidential orders 
to corps commanders, giving a plan in part of the campaign, the countersigns of the field 
for a week in advance, and the field returns, giving the effective strength of the 12th corps 
(Slocum's), on the preceding day. These were all exceedingly important papers. 

" Fortunately, before the guard could carry the orders into execution, a terrific raking 
fire was opened on Jackson's column by twenty pieces of artillery from an eminence on 
the plank road. The first eight or ten shots flew over the heads of the column. The men 
and gunners dismounted, leaving horses and guns. Our artillery soon got the range with 
more precision, and the shell and round shot ricochetted and ploughed through this dense 
mass of the enemy with terrific effect. Shells were continually bursting, and the screams 
and groans of the wounded and dying could be heard on every side. As an instance of 
the terrible effect of this fire, one of the guard was struck by a solid shot just below the 
hips, sweeping off both his legs. A battery came dashing up, but when they got into the 
vortex of the fire the gunners fled, deserting their guns, and could not be made to man 
them. An ofiQcer, splendidly mounted and equipped, attempted in a most gallant manner 
to rally them. A ball struck him on the neck completely severing his head from his body 
and leaving his spinal column standing. His body rolled to the ground and the horse 
galloped to the rear. One of the shells struck a caisson full of artillery ammunition, 
which exploded, ascending in a crater of various colored flame, and showered down on the 
heads of the men below a mass of fragments of shot and shell. The loss inflicted by this 
fire must have been terrible, placing considerable over one thousand men hors de combat^ 
and effectually breaking up the contemplated attack of the column. 

"While Captain WUkin's was being taken to the rear he devoted his attention to dis- 
posing of the important papers which he had on his person. He dare not take them from 
his pocket to attempt to tear them up, but continuously placed his hand in his pocket and 
worked the papers into a ball, and as they were passing along got them into his bosom, 
and finally into the arm pit under his arm, where he carried them all that night. The 
next morning the guard halted to get their breakfast, and a soldier was trying to kindle 
a fire to cook some coffee which they had taken from our men. The wood was damp, and 
the fire refused to bui-n. The soldier swore at it until his patience gave out, when Cap- 
tain Wilkin's asked him if he would not like some kimiii'Tq-s, and handed him the import- 
ant pap<Mf;* The soldier took them, and, not dreaming of their importance, used them to 
kindle the fire." 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 



747 



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MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 



74» 



OFFICERS AND MEN 
WHO FELL UNDER THE FLAG IN DEFENSE OF THE UNION, 1861-1865. 



BEGIMENTS. 



Genural officers, and on the staff, 
anil in the regular service of the 
Uniteil Staiea 

In volunteer organizations of other 
St II tea 

First Kegiment Engineers and Me- 
chanics 



First Regiment Light Artillery 

First Regiment Cavalry 

Second Regiment Cavalry 

Third Regiment Cavalry 

Fourth Regiment Cavalry 

Fifth Regiment Cavalry 

Sixth Regiment Cavalry_ 

Seventh Regiment Cavalry 

Eighth Regiment Cavalry 

Ninth Regiment Cavalry 

Tenth Regiment Cavalry 

Eleventh Regiment Cavalry 

First Regiment Infantry, 3 months 
First Regiment Infantry, 3 years... 

Second Regiment Infantry 

Third Regiment Infantry 

Third Reg't Infantry, re-organized 

Fourth Regiment Infantry 

Fourth Reg't Infantry, re organized 

Fifth Regiment Infantry 

Sixth Regiment Infantry 

Seventh Regiment Infantry... 

Eighth Regiment Infantry 

Ninth Re^'iiueut Infantry 

Tenth Kegimeut Infantry 

Eleventh Regiment Infantry.. 
Eleventh Reg't Inft'y, reorganized 



Offiokrs. 




Mkn. 




a 

1 

c 

1 


« si 

5 '"•^ 


1 

■5 
o 

■% 

5 


a 

o 

1 
a 

i 


= a 

■? S 9 
5^ = 


m 

'■5 

o 

Q 


1 


8 


8 








2 


3 


2 











1 





» 


7 


842 


4 


1 


3 


83 


10 


867 


10 


6 


6 


92 


46 


246 


2 





2 


46 


28 


2GC. 


1 


2 


4 


24 


8 


873 


1 


2 


1 


31 


13 


327 


4 


1 


8 


94 


23 


233 


7 








95 


18 


266 


2 


2 


1 


47 


24 


246 


1 





2 


23 


7 


288 


2 





2 


23 


3 


131 


2 








18 


11 


240 


4 








18 


6 


114 










8 





8 


12 




1 


103 


32 


92 


e 




4 


95 


99 


112 


4 





2 


96 


47 


75 








1 




1 


156 


8 




1 


115 


60 


96 











1 


6 


141 


10 


6 


8 


141 


75 


163 


2 





6 


43 


21 


470 


6 


6 


3 


123 


47 


151 


9 


3 


2 


130 


64 


1-..5 


2 





4 


11 


7 


2(W 


4 


a 


2 


65 


26 


800 


4 


1 


2 


45 


86 


108 


.... 


.... 


.... 




.... 


81 



Totals. 



855 
410 
384 
834 
407 
871 
350 
879 
317 
818 
177 
269 
138 
6 
2-27 
30t! 
218 
167 
260 
MS 
370 
634 
8.!4 
889 
280 
290 
279 
81 



C 

s 

o • 

a 

Is 



7 
7 
866 
413 
404 
338 
414 
876 
858 
*» 

sa 

821 
181 
271 
142 
» 
848 
821 
224 
163 
873 
148 
898 
642 
838 
40S 
V9 
»» 
t» 
81 



750 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

OFFICERS AND MEN WHO FELL UNDER THE FLAG, Etc.— Continued. 





Officeks. 




Men. 


1 




Totals 




REGIMENTS. 


d 
.2 

□ 
■a 

5 


Is 

§.2 


i 

•5 

o 

5 


a 
o 

a 
a 
■a 
S 

S 


5 s 


'•5 

O 

5 


s 

ia 

i 

o 


a 
o 
S 

H 


^ a 


Twelfth Regiment Infantry 





1 


3 


28 


23 


377 


4 


423 


432 


Thirteenth Regiment Infantry 


3 


1 


2 


40 


30 


314 


6 


384 


390 


Fourteenth Regiment Infantry 


.... 


1 


3 


32 


16 


195 


4 


243 


247 


Fifteenth Regiment Infantry 

Sixteenth Regiment Infantry and 2 
Go's Sharp-shooters attached 


2 

10 


1 

2 


4 


48 
155 


18 

48 


264 
128 


7 
12 


330 
331 


337 
343 


Seventeenth Regiment Infantry 


3 


4 





89 


35 


152 


7 


276 


283 


Eighteenth Regiment Infantry 




.... 


.... 


11 


2 


297 


.... 


310 


310 


Nineteenth Regiment Infantry 


4 


3 


.... 


60 


38 


142 


7 


230 


237 


Twentieth Regiment Infantry 


10 


3 


8 


64 


37 


173 


16 


274 


290 


Twenty-first Regiment Infantry 


1 


2 


3 


40 


31 


291 


6 


362 


868 


Twenty-second Regiment Infantry. 


1 


2 


3 


62 


27 


289 


6 


368 


874 


Twenty-third Regiment Infantry... 


3 


1 


3 


38 


17 


225 


7 


280 


287 


Twenty-fourth Regiment Infantry. 


12 


1 


2 


118 


38 


1-.12 


16 


298 


313 


Twenty-flfth Regiment Infantry 


1 





2 


21 


13 


129 


3 


163 


166 


Twenty-sixth Hegiment Infantry... 

Twenty-seventli Reg't Infantry and 

2 independent Go's attached 


1 
6 


2 
2 


3 

4 


61 
122 


37 
84 


155 
199 


6 

12 


263 

405 


259 
417 


Twenty-eighth Regiment Infantry. 


1 


1 





4 





122 


2 


126 


128 


Twenty-ninth Regiment Infantry... 


I 


1 





1 


4 


64 


2 


69 


71 


Thirtieth Regiment Infantry 







1 








17 


1 


17 


18 


First Regiment Sharp-shooters 


4 


2 





65 


42 


150 


6 


257 


263 


First Regiment Colored Infantry 


2 





1 


4 


6 


128 


3 


137 


140 


Merrill Horse.... ...... 




.... 


.... 


2 

27 


6 
6 


67 
37 


3 


76 

70 


76 


First Reg't U. S. Sharp-shooters 


3 


73 


Second Reg't U. S. Sharp-shooters... 





1 





9 


3 


18 


1 


30 


31 


Co. D, (i6th Illinois Infantry 











11 


2 


16 


.... 


29 


29 


Co. A, 23d Illinois Infantry 











2 


6 


10 





18 


18 


€o. B, 37th Illinois Infantry 











2 


1 


2 





5 


S 


Co. H, 42d Illinois Infiintry 








.... 


13 


15 


28 





66 


66 


Co. B, 44th Illinois Infantry 











9 


6 


29 





43 


43 


Co. 0. 70th New York Infantry 

In other companies serving m regi- 
ments of other States and in tiie 
regular army, so far as reported.. 

Taken from Roll of Honor U. S. Quar- 
termaster Department as oelong. 
ing to Michi^'an regiments, but not 
found on regimental records 


.... 


.... 


.... 


15 


3 


7 


.... 


25 
14 

498 


25 
*14 

♦498 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

EECAPITULATION. 

Officers killed ..—..„.«. ,77 

Officers died of wonnds '.'".'. Li 

Officers died of disease "......""".."II"'. 98 

Men killed Tllst 

Men died of wounds T*^ 

Men died of disease "-'-"'"-'.."""""""". ' lo'oio 

'U 

•49« 



*' Columbia e'er will know you 

From out her glittering towers, 
And kisses of love will throw you, 

And send you wreaths of flowers, 
And e'en in realms of glory 

Shall shine your starry claims; 
Angels have heard your story, 

And God knows all your names." 



761 



8S8 



14,497 



14,865 



SOLDIERS' RELIEF ASSOCIATION, WASHINGTON, D. 0. 



Since the late edition of this work and the printing of the first part of this 
volume, Mr. Z. Moses, the treasurer and only surviviug officer of the Associa- 
tion, furnishes us with the statement as to the final disposition of the bahince 
of the funds in the treasury of this Association. $'^98.05 was expended for 
different soldiers aid, for support of blind and destitute soldiers in Michigan, 
f 135.61 was credited to the fund by the treasurer for interest secured by him 
on temporary investments in government bonds made by him on his own 
motion. The final balance of $1,508.90 was in 1870 remitted to Governor 
Baldwin to be used for the orphans of Michigan soldiers. In a letter from 
Governor Baldwin in 1873, he states that with Governor Bagley he made dis- 
bursements for which he holds receipts us follows : 

Protestant Orphan Asylum, Detroit 1650 00 

St. Anthony's " *' " 350 00 

St. Vincent ♦♦ " " 308 90 

Michigan " '• Adrian 200 00 

Total .11,508 90 

Thus in strict accordance with the objects for which the noble charity of 
the people of Michigan was contributed, closed the disbursemeut ol every 
dollar of the funds of the Association. 



A LARGE number of Michigan officers and soldiers of the war having 
expressed a desire that a portrait of the compiler should be placed in this 
work, the Board of State Auditors, composed of Colonel William Jenney, 
Secretary of State, General Benjamin D. Pritchard, State Treasurer, and 
Hon. James M. Neasmith, Commissioner of the State Land Office, wishing 
to comply with their desires, authorized its publication therein. 




\\^k!^m\t 



i 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 



P^RT III. 



REGISTER OF COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 



" From city's dome 

And village home. 

The thousands come, 
Still marching to the ' Old Flag's' tdcL 

Each knows his paiii. 

And every heart 
Moves onward, calm and undismayed 

By Treason's fiery dart." 



INTRODUCTION. 



Military ability to some extent conies by nature; in some it largely predom- 
inates, less in others; hence we find some easily instructed, taking to it as is 
often said naturally, while others being deficient in this respect, no amount of 
instruction or training will ever make them eflBcient oflBcers; so it often hap- 
pens that an unpromising appearance develops ability far superior to that of 
the most prepossessing. 

While most men are more or less courageous, capable of making soldiers, 
and might fight a good battle individually, still in the mass there must be a 
leadership to give direction, hence the necessity for officers. 

The efficiency and reliability of regiments in the volunteer service is, in 
d, great degree, largely dependent upon the personal character and military 
ability of their officers, consequently the selection of officers, either possessed 
of the necessary qualifications or susceptible of being instructed, forms one 
of the most important responsibilities of the appointing power. 

In Michigan as much care as possible was taken in the selection of officers 
by the Governor and those autlun-ized to raise regiments, yet it was necessary 
to take into account their ability to recruit a required number of men, a cus- 
tom more of necessity than of fitness, consequently military qualifications were 
more or less overlooked. Thus in the new regiments a defect in officers waa 
more likely to prevail to a greater extent than in the regiments in the field. 
In the latter, with few exceptions, appointments and promotions were made 
from the ranks, upon the recommendation of regimental commanders, ignor- 
ing the unmilitary and pernicious system of elections practiced among the 
troops of most other States, which unquestionably gave an opportunity to over- 
look merit and had a -tendency to cripple discipline. 

In the Michigan regiments, when in the field, the promotions were mostly 
-made within the regiments, and the appointments in a very large proportion 
were made from the ranks, the exception being a few from the regular service 
and from citizens to fill vacancies conditional to raising a certain number of 
men for the depleted regiments, in which they wore conmiissioned ; a system 
which, although practiced in a limited manner, was never recognized by the 

(755) 



756 INTRODUCTION. 

appointing power with much favor, and in most instances such appointments 
were made on the request of colonels of regiments with a view to strengthening 
their commands 

The officers so appointed entered their regiments under much justi6able 
opposition from those expecting and deserving promotion from the ranks, con- 
sequently in most cases their services were rendered more or less inefficient 
and of short duration. 

It is claimed that the average of Michigan appointments proved, by actual 
service and success, to have been as judiciously made as those of any other 
State, and especially more so than in the States allowing elections as before 
referred to. 

During the war 4,007 officers were commissioned, of which 2,067 left the 
State with regiments, 1,940 were promoted from the ranks, with the exception 
of ten appointed from the regular army, and a comparatively small number 
were commissioned to raise men in the State. 

Although it was an accepted truth that a great number who were in the 
ranks of Michigan regiments in the field and who failed to be commissioned 
had the intelligence, education and ability requisite for competent and efficient 
commissioned officers, nevertheless but a comparative few only could be 
made officers, but this fact was generally understood and accepted by the peo- 
ple, and is now, that the greater honor belonged to the men in the ranks, 
although but seldom mentioned in official reports, and, notwithstanding they 
had the least pay, they certainly did^ not fight the least. While the officers 
may be regarded as the motive power, the men in the ranks were the power 
itself, and are equally deserving of a place on public records as well as in the 
history of the war. 

It hiir been deemed best to give the residence of the officers at the time of 
their being commissioned, as it has been found impracticable at this time to 
ascertain the present whereabout of a large proportion of them. With much 
reluctance the names of several, although on record in the Adjutant General's 
Office, have been omitted in this register, but on reflection they will divine the 
reason, and it is hoped and believed that they will fully appreciate the motive. 

Following is the register, with the exceptions referred to, of Michigan offi- 
cers, giving, so far as it has been possible to ascertain, the date of their first 
entry into service, together with their various promotions, brevets, captures, 
releases, exchanges, resignations, discharges, and musters out of service. It 
has been prepared with much care and great labor, yet errors and omissions 
will undoubtedly occur. Where date of service in the ranks is not given, that 
of the first commission will indicate the commencement of service. It is pos- 
sible, however, that in many cases it may have been rendered prior to that, yet 
it has been found impracticable to trace it up. 

Although it is impossible to give their individual services, which would have 



INTRODUCTION. 767 

afforded nnich pleasure, an attempt has been made briefly to set forth the ser- 
vices of their respective regiments, which will, to some extent, reflect their 
own. Having made this effort the compiler takes much pleasure in acknowl- 
edging their many kindly expressions, strong friendship and continued cour- 
tesy through a long series of years, while he lays upon them the injunction to 
stand by their country in peace or in war, which he earnestly trusts they will 
retain in their hearts while life is spared them, so that in the future, us in the 
past, they will 

" Stand by the flag, on land, and ocean billow, 
By it your fathers stood, unmoved and true. 
Living, defended— dying, from their pillow. 
With their last blessing, passed it on to you." 



COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 



" We left thee no confederate band, 
No symbol of the lost command, 
To be a dagger in their hand, 
From which we wrenched the sword." 

ABBEY, AABON L., Armada. Second Lt. 8th Cav., Nov. 1, 1862. First Lt., June 
16, 1864. Taken prisoner during Stoneniaii's raid, Aug. 5, 1864. Exchanged Mar. 1, 
1865. Honorably discharged as Second Lt., May 15, 1865, 

ABBOTT, IKA 0., Burr Oak. Capt. 1st (3 monthsj Inf'y, May 1, 1861. Capt. 1st (3 
years) Inf'y, Aug. 17, 1861. Maj., Ap'l 28, 1862. Lt. Col., Aug. 30, 1862. Wounded 
in action at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, 1862 (two wounds). Col., Mar. 18, 1863. 
Wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863. Honorably discharged Dec. 22, 1864. 
Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vols., Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service 
during the war. " 

ABBOTT, AUSTIN L., Pokagon. Entered service Sept. 28, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y A, 
12th Inf'y. Fust Lt., Feb. 23, 1863. Kesigned July 3, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

ABEEL, ALFEED, Dearborn. Capt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 1862. Taken prisoner near 
Nashville, Tenn., Dec. 21, 1862. Exchanged May 6, 1863. Wounded in action at 
Chickamauga, Tenn., Sept. 19, 1863. Eesigned " July 9, 1864, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

ACKER, GEORGE S., Kalamazoo. Capt. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Maj., Sept. 2, 1862. 
Lt. Col. 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. Col., Nov. 30, 1863. Wounded in action at Bean's 
Station, East Tennessee, Dec. 14, 1863. Bv't Brig. Gen. Vols., March 13, 1865, "for 
gallant and soldierly conduct under all circumstances during the East Tennessee and 
Atlanta campaigns, especially at Morristown, East Tenn., in Dec. 1863, and at Bean'a 
Station, and for conspicuous gallantry at Cynthiana in June, 1864." Honorably dis- 
charged for disability, June 27, 1865. 

ADAIR, GEORGE E., TJtica. First Lt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861, Resigned Sept. 3, 1862^ 
and honorably discharged. 

ADAMS, AMOS M., Adrian. Second Lt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. First Lt., June 11, 1862. 
Capt., Oct. 15, 1862. Resigned Nov. 17, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

ADAMS, EDWARD M., Grass Lake. Entered service July 22, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y F, 
2(ilh Inf'y. Second Lt., Nov. 2, 1863. First Lt., May 12, 1864. Wounded in action 
near Petersburg, Va., June 18, 1864. Adjt., Oct. 24, 1864. Capt., to rank from 
Aug. 22, 1864. Maj., Mar. 11, 1865. Mustered out as Capt. May 30, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

NOTK8.— Where officers are noted as vot mustered In a rank for which they were commis- 
sioned, there were not nion .siifflcicnt in the command to which their commission attached them 
to warrant a muster under the regulations governing' musters. 

In every case the date of appointment or of promotion Indicates the date from which an 
officer takea rank, and not that when the oommlssion was issued. 

(758) 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 769 

ADAMS, FRANCIS D.. Grattan. Second Lt. let Eng. and Mech's, Jan. 1, 1864. First 
Lt., Nov. 3, 1864. Resigned Aug. 9, 1865, and honorably discharged, 

ADAMS, HAMLET B., Coldwater. First Lt. and Adjt. 19th Inf y, Aug. 14, 1862. Oapt, 
May 1, 1863. Mustered out July 5, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ADAMS, HENEY 0., Coldwater. Second Lt. 11th Infy, Mar. 1, 1865. Mustered out 
Sept. 16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ADAMS, JAMES, Niles. Entered service Oct. 24, 1861. ae Corp'l Comp'y E, 12th Infy. 
Second Lt., Ap'l 28, 1864. First Lt., Nov. 15, 1864. Capt., Aug. 25, 1866. Mustered 
out Feb. 15, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

ADAMS, JAMES F., Monroe. Second Lt. 15th Infy, Jan. 1, 1862. Capt., Oct. 1, 1862. 
"Wounded in action at Corinth, Miss., Oct. 3. 1862. Resigned Mar. 4, 1863, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

ADAMS, JOHN Q., Monroe. Entered service June 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y A 4th 
Infy. Second Lt. 15th Infy, Jan. 27, 1862. Capt., Oct. 1, 1862. Resigned June 18, 
1864, and honorably discharged. 

ADAMS, JOHN Q., Owosso. Entered service Aug. 25, 1864, as Serg't Comp'y E, 29th 
luf y- Sedond Lt., Jan, 24, 1865, Not mustered as an oflBcer. Honorably discharg- 
ed Sept. 6, 1866. 

ADAMS, MILF.S S., Grand Rapids. Entered service June 10, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y A, 
3d Infy. Second Lt., July 1, 1862. Wounded at Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, 1862. Re- 
signed Feb, 20, 1863, and honorably discharged, 

ADAMS, SEYMOUR H., Scipio. Entered service Aug. 7, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y G, 18th 
Infy. Second Lt., Feb. 18, 1863. Taken prisoner in action at Danville, Ky., Mar. 

24, 1863. 1 xchanged . First Lt., Aug, 16, 1864, Mustered out June 26, 1865, 

and honorably discharged. 

ADAMSON, FREDERICK C, Detroit. Second Lt. 3d Cav,, Sept. 7, 1861. First Lt.,^ 
Ap'l 15. 18G2. Capt., Oct. 1, 1862. "Wounded in action at Duvall's Bluff, Ark., Aug. 
15, 1864. Honorably discharged for disability, Nov. 8, 1864. 

ADSIT, BYRON B., Sault Ste. Marie. Capt. Ist Infy, Aug. 17, 1861. Resigned May 
23, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

AIKEN, D"WIGHT A., Pontiac. First Lt. and Commissary, 5th Cav., Sept, 8. 1862, 
Capt. and Com. of Sub., U, S. "V., Nov. 26, 1862. Resigned Mar, 12, 1865, and 
honorably discharged, 

AIKIN, NATHAN J,, . Entered service April 19, 1861, at Chicago, 111,, as Pvt. Bar- 
kers 3 mo's Dragoons, Mustered out Aug, , 1861. First Lt. Comp'y H, Memll 

Horse, Aug. 26, 1861, Resigned, Mar. 13, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

AINSWOETH, DAVID E., Ann Arbor. Second Lt. 20th Infy, Julv 29, 1862. First Lt., 
Jan. 26, 1863. Killed in action at Spottsylvania, "V^a., May 12, 1864. 

AKELEY, HEALEY C, Grand Haven. Entered service Oct. 23, 1863, as Pvt. Comp'y 
C, 2d Cav. First Lt. and Adjt., Nov. 30, 1864. Capt., July 31, 1865. Mustered out 
as Adjt., Aug. 17, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ALBEE, HARRY C, Grand Haven. Capt. 21st Infy, July 30, 1802. "Wounded in action 
at Stone River, Teuu., Dec. 31, 1862. Resigned Dec. 20, 1863, and honorably dis- 
charged, 

ALBERT, JOHN M,, Buchanan, Capt, 12th Infy, Oct. 10, 1861. Resigned Ap'l 27, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

ALBERTI, ALEXANDER, East Saginaw. First Lt, 5th Infy, June 19, 1861. Capt., 
July 12, 1862. Honorably discharged July 9. 1864. 

ALBERTSON, "WILLIAM, Pontiac. Second Lt. 22d Infy, July 31, 1862. First Lt., Jan. 
31, 1863. Capt., May 17, 1865, Mustered out as First Lt., June 26, 1865, and honora- 
bly discharged. 



760 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

ALBEO, JAKVIS E., Mount Morris. Entered service Aug. 11, 1862. Q. M. Serg't 

23d Inf'y, . Second Lt., July 20, 1863. First Lt., Oct. 6, 1864. Capt., Mar. 

4, 1865. Mustered out June 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ALCOTT, ABIJAH A., Saranac. Entered service Aug. 11, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y I, 21st 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Jan. 15, 1863. First Lt., Jan. 15, 1863. Capt., Sept. 24, 1863. 
Transferred to 1st U. S. Vet. Vol. Eng., Aug. 26, 1864. No further record. 

ALCOTT, RUSSELL H., Manchester. First Lt. 1st Inf'y, Aug. 17, 1861. Capt., Nov. 
18, 1861. Lt. Col. 20th Inf'y, Aug. 25, 1862. Killed in action at Bull Run, Va., Aug. 
30, 1862, before receiving his commission as Lt. Col. 

ALDRICH, MYRON, Burr Oak. Entered service Mar. 18, 1862. Serg't Comp'y A, 15th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 6, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 13, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

ALEXANDER, CHAUNCEY, Marshall. Entered service Aug. 30, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 
M, 2d Cav., . Ass't Surg., July 31, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honor- 
ably discharged Aug. 17, 1865. 

ALEXANDER, ELI P., Williamstown. Second Lt. 26th Inf'y, Jan, 7, 1863. Fiist Lt., 
Mar, 30, 1863. Taken prisoner in action June 22, 1864. Exchanged, . Mus- 
tered out June 4, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ALEXANDER, GEORGE W., Detroit. First Lt., 1st Cav , Aug. 22, 1861. Resigned July 
17, 1862. Capt. 1st Cav., Nov. 1, 1862, Honorably discharged for disability July 30, 
1864. 

ALEXANDER, JOHN L., Detroit. Entered service Nov. 12, 1861. Q. M. Serg't 15th 
Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 6, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 13, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

ALEXANDER, JOSEPH M., Coldwater. Entered service Aug. 13, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
H, 19th Inf'y. Second Lt., May 25, 1864. First Lt, and Adjt., June 15, 1865. Mus- 
tered out as 2d Lt. June 10, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ALEXANDER, MASON L., . Entered service Aug. 15, 1862. Serg't Comp'y G, 23d 

Infy, . Second Lt., Oct, 6, 1864, Mustered out June 28, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

ALGER, RUSSELL A., Detroit. Capt. 2d Cav., Sept 2, 1861. Maj., Ap'l 2, 1862. 
Wounded and taken prisoner in action at Boone ville. Miss., July 1, 1862. Escaped 
July 1, 1862. Lt. Col. 6th Cav., Oct. 16, 1862. Col. 5th Cav., Feb. 28, 1863. 
Wounded in action at Boonsboro, Md., July 8, 1863. Resigned Sept. 20, 1864, and 
honorably discharged. Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vols., Oct. 10, 1865, "for gallant and 
meritorious service, to rank from the battle of Trevilllan Station, Va.," June 11, 
1864. Bvt, Maj, Gen, U. S. Vols., June 11, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious ser- 
vice during the' war. " 

ALGOE, JOHN, Flint. Second Lt. 10th Inf'y, Oct. 1, 1861. First Lt., Mar, 31, 1863, 
Capt., Aug. 26, 1864. Wounded in action at Jonesboro, Ga., Sept. 1, 1864. Honor- 
ably discharged for disability Mar. 8, 1865. 

ALLEN, A. MARVIN, Tecumseh. Asst. Surg. 7th Inf'y, June 21, 1862. Resigned July 
31, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

ALLEN, ALEXANDER H., Holly. Entered service Oct. 28, 1861. Serer't Comp'y B, 

10th Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 7, 1865. Never mustered as an officer; date of 

discharge not known. 

ALLEN, AMOS D., Kalamazoo. Entered service Oct. 5, 1861, as Com. Serg't 13th 
Inf'y, Second Lt., Dec, 25, 1862. Resigned Oct. 23, 1863. First Lt., Mar. 19, 
1864. Capt.. July 5, 1865. Mustered out as First Lt., July 25, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

ALLEN, CHARLES T., Sharon. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Corp'l Comp'y D, Ist 
(3 months; Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. First Lt. 20th Inf'y. July 29, 1862. 
Capt., Oct. 14, 1862. Wounded in action at Spottsylvania, May 12, 1864. Resigned 
Oct. 20, 1864, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 761 

ALLEN, EDWARD P., Vassar. First Lt. 29th Inf'y, July 29, 1864. Adjt., Mar. 27, 
1865. Capt., July 7, 1865. Muslered out Sept. 6, 1865," and honorably discharged. 

ALLEN, GEORGE A., Byron. Entered service Oct. 20, 1861, as Q. M. Serg't 10th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Mar 31, 1863. Mustered out Feb. 6, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

ALLEN, HENRY, Algonac. Entered service July 29, 18C2, as Serg't Comp'v E, 22d 
Inf'y. Second Lt., June 6tli, 1863. First Lt., Oct. 11, 1863. Mustered out June 26, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

ALLEN, JAMES, Kalanaazoo, Entered service Aug. 19, 1862, as Serg't Comp'v L, 5th 
Cav. Second Lt., Nov. 2, 1863. First Lt., Aug. 9, 1864. Capt., Feb. 1, 1865'. Mus- 
tered out June 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ALLEN, JEROME, Tecumseh. Entered service June 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y G, 4th 
Inf'y. Second Lt.. May 1, 1862. Fii'st Lt., July 1, 1862. Mustered out June 30, 
1864, and honorably discharged. 

ALLEN, ORVILLE C, Detroit. Entered service Sept. 16, 1861. Serg't Maj. 1st Inf'y, 

. Second Lt., July 17, 1862. First Lt., Aug. 30, 1862. Honorably discharged 

for disability Oct. 13, 1862. 

ALLEN, ROBERT F., Plymouth. Second Lt. 8th Cav., Nov. 1, 1862. Resigned Dec. 12, 
1863. Cause, disability, and honorably discharged. 

ALLEN, WILLIAM H., Byron. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861. Hosp'l Stow'd 5th Inf'y, 

. Second Lt. June 10, 1864. First Lt. and Q. M., Aug. 28, 1864. Bvt. 

Capt. U. S. Vols., Ap'l 9, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service in the recent 
campaigns, terminating in the surrender of the insurgent army under Gen. R. E. Lee." 
Mustered out July 5, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ALLISON, JOHN G., Porter. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861. Serg't Comp'y D, 6th 
Inf'y, . Second Lt., Oct. 4, 1864. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged Aug. 20, 1865. 

ALLOR, LOUIS A., New Baltimore. Entered service July 31, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
E, 22d Inf'y. Second Lt., Nov. 17, 1862. First Lt., June 6, 1863. Adjt., Oct. 11, 

1863. Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ALLPORT, JOHN G., Flint. Entered service Dec. 31, 1861. Com. Serg't 10th Inf'y, 

. First Lt. and Adjt., June 7, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably 

discharged July 19, 1865. 

ALVORD, GEORGE R., Trenton. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861, as Serg't Comp'v K, 
1st Cav. First Lt., Nov. 12, 1862. Capt., Oct. 25, 1864. Mustered out Jan. — , 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

ALVORD, HENRY H., Bay City. First Lt. 1st Mich., or 102d U. S. Col'd Inf'y, May 4, 

1864. Wounded in action at Honey Hill, S. C, Nov. 30, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 
30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

AMES, JACOB O., Hillsdale. First Lt. 18th Inf'y, July 27, 1862. Resigned Jan. 16, 
1863, and honorably discharged. 

AMOS, WILLIAM, Detroit. Entered service Dec. 15, 1861. Serg't Batt. E, 1st Light 

Alt., . Second Lt., Mar. 27, 1865. Mustered out July 20, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

AMSDEN, ABRAM G., Saline. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y F, 6th 
Inf'j'. Wounded in action June 14, 1863. Second Lt., Oct. 1, 1863. First Lt., Aug. 
12, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 11, 1865, and honorably discliarged. 

ANDERSON, DAVID, Mattison. First Lt. 19th Inf'y, July 28, 1862. Capt., May 1, 
1863. Wounded in action, June 15, 1864. Maj., Oct. 28, 1864. Col., June 15, 1865. 
Mustered out as Mcij., June 10, 1865, and honorably discliarged. 

ANDERSON, GEORGE F., Litchfield. Second Lt. 11th Cav., Aug. 1, 18G3. Resigned 
t June 1, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

yti 



762 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

ANDERSON, JAMES H., Caledonia. Entered service Aug, 9, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y H, 
23d Inf'y. Second Lt., Mar. 11, 1864. First Lt., Oct. 6, 1864. Transferred to 28th 
Inf y June 28, 1865. Mustered out June 5, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

ANDERSON, JOHN, Parma. Capt. 20th Inf'y, July 29, 1862. Resigned Jan. 9, 1863,. 
and honorably discharged. 

ANDERSON, JOHN P., Saranae. Entered service Dec. 17, 1863. Serg't 2d Ind. Comp'y 
S. S., . First Lt. 2d Inf'y, Ap'll, 1864, Mustered out July 28, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

ANDERSON, JOHN 0., Monroe. Entered service Oct, 21, 1861. Serg't Comp'y D, 7th 
Inf'y, . Second Lt., Dec. 18, 1864. Mustered out July 5, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

ANDERSON, JOSEPH, Grand Haven. Chap. 3d Inf'y, April 1, 1862. Resigned Mar.- 
28, 1863. Appointed Hosp'l Chap. U. S. Vols., Feb. 2, 1863. Mustered out Aug. 4^ 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

ANDERSON, THOMAS F., Grand Haven, Entered service Sept, 10,1861, Serg't Maj. 

2d Cav., . First Lt., Dec, 31, 1864. Capt,, July 31, 1865, Mustered out as- 

1st Lieut. Aug. 17, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ANDERSON, WALTER B., Adrian. First Lt. 4th Cav. Aug. 13, 1862. Resigned Feb. 18,. 

1863, and honorably discharged. 

ANDRESS, EDWIN V., Chesaning. Capt. 1st S. S., July 22, 1863. Wounded in. 
action at Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864. Honorablv discharged for disability 
July 26, 1864. 

ANDREWS, AMOS, New York City. Entered service Aug. 8, 1862, as Pvt. Comp'y G, 
24th Iiify. First Lt. 1st Mich,, or 102d U. S. Col'd Inf'y, April 7, 1864. Absent. 
at muster out of regiment. 

ANDREWS, EDWARD E., Milford. Entered service Aug. 4, 1862. Serg't Comp'y G,. 

22d Inf'y, . Second Lt., Feb. 21, 1863. Talien prisoner in action at Chick- 

amauga, Ga., Sept. 20, 1863. Exchanged May 15, 1865. First Lt., Aug. 26, 1864. 
Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ANDREWS, JOHN S., Coldwater. Capt. Batt. F, 1st Light Art. Oct. 15, 1861. Resigned-. 
Dec. 5, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

ANDREWS, JOSIAH, Paw Paw. Surg. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. Mustered out Oct. 24,. 

1864, and honorably discharged. 

ANDREWS, LUTHER A,, Dexter. Entered service Feb. 24, 1865, as Hosp'l Stew'd, 11th- 
Inf'y. Assistant Surgeon, Mar, 16, 1865. Resigned July 22, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

ANDREWS, NORMAN S,, Three Rivers, First Lt, Batt. F, 1st Light Art., Oct. 15,. 

1861. Colonel 12th U. S. Col'd Art., July 24, 1864. Mustered out Jan. 19, 1865,. 
and honorably discharged. 

ANDROUS, HENRY B., Coldwater. Entered service April 19, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y K, 
6th Indiana lufy. Mustered out Aug. — , 1861. Cap. 17th Mich. Iiif'y, June 17, 

1862. Wounded in action, Sept. 14, 1862. Taken prisoner at Spottsylvania, Va.^ 
May 12, 1864. Escaped Nov. 26, 18G4. Reached Union lines near Savannah, Ga., 
Dec. 13, 1864. Mustered out Juno 3, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ANDRUS, WILLIAM R., Almont. Capt. 3d Inf'y July 29, 1864. Lt. Col. Feb. 25,. 
18G6. Mustered out as Capt. May 25, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

ANDRUS, ELIZUR, NUes. Chap. 6th Inf'y, Aug. 19, 1861. Mustered out Aug. 20, 1865. 
and honorably discharged. 

ANGELL, FREDERICK E., Howell. Second Lt. 5th Inf'y, Feb. 1, 1864. Mustered out 
June 9, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

ANGEVINE, WARREN T., Adrian. Entered service Sept. 6, 1861. Serg't Comp'y E,. 

16th Inf'y, . First Lt., July 20, 1864. Capt. 3d Comp'y S. b., Ap'l 4, 1865.. 

Mustered out July 8, 18G5, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 763 

ANNIS, GEORGE W., Union City. Entered service Aug. 30, 1862. Serp't Batt. D, Ist 
Light Art., . Second Lt., Feb. 8, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 3, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

ANTHONY. HENRY L., Battle Creek. Entered service Sept 8, 1862. Serg't Conip'y A, 

7th Cav., . Second Lt., May 19, 1864. Not mustered as an ofUcer. Honorably 

discharged Dec. 15, 1865. 

ANTISDEL, GEORGE L., Niles. Entered service Jan. 6, 1862. Serg't Comp'y F, 12th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., April 14, 1865. Honorably discharged for disubihty Aug. 

25, 1865. 

ANTREAN, PATRICK, Monroe. Entered service Mar. 10, 1863. as Serg't Comp'y D, 
9th Cav. Second Lt., Oct. 26, 1864, Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged July 21, 1865. 

APLIN, HENRY H., Flint. Entered service July 30, 1861. Serg't Comp'y C, 16th Inf'y, 

. Second Lt., July 7, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably discharged 

July — , 1865. 

APLIN, GEORGE A., Flint. Entered service Oct. 23, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y I, 10th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Feb. 24, 1865. First Lt., May 8, 1865. Mustered out July 19, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

ARCHIBALD, GEORGE H., Adrian. Entered service May 1, 1861. as Pvt. Comp'y K, 
1st (3 months) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Reentered service May 29, lK(i2, 
as Serij't Comp'y A, 17th Inf'y. Second Lt., Feb. 22, 1863. First Lt., Se[)t. U, 1H63. 
Capt., Oct. 22, 1864. Mustered out as First Lt., June 3, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

ARMOUR, JOHN, Detroit. Second Lt. 27th Inf'y, Jan. 29, 1864. Wounded in action at 
Spottsylvauia, Va., May 12, 1864. Died of wounds May 13, 1864. 

ARMSTEAD, SQUAIR M., . Entered service Nov. 12, ] 861. Serg't Batt. E, 1st Light 

Art., . Second Lt., July 1, 1862. First Lt., Aug. 12, 1863. Mustered out Mai-. 

4, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ARJISTRONG, ALMIRON P., Armada. First Lt. 8th Cav., Nov. 1, 1862. Resigned 
Feb. 14, 1863, and honorably discharged. . 

ARMSTRONG, CHARLES T., Lansing. Asst. Surg. 4th Cav., Feb. 14, 1863. Mustered 
out July 1, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ARMSTRONG, CHESTER L., Lansing. Chap. 4th Cav., Sept. 1, 1864. Mustered out 
July 1, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ARMSTRONG, GEORGE A., Eaton Rapids. Capt. 7th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862. Capt. and 
Ass't Q. M. U. S. Vols., May 18, 1864. Mustered out Mar. 13, 1866, and honorably 
discharged. 

ARMSTRONG, WESLEY, Lapeer. Capt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. Maj. 10th Cav., 
Sept. 9, 1863. Honorably discharged July 19, 1864. 

ARMSTRONG. WILLIAM C, London, C. W. Entered service Aug. 15, 1861, as Sersr't 
Comp'y G, 9th Inf'y. Second Lt., July 28, 1862. Fir.st Lt., Fob. 27, 1863. Capt., 
Sept. 27, 1864. Resigned Ap'l 20, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ARMSTRONG, WILLIAM L., Holly. Ass't Surg., Uth Cav., March 10, 1865. Trans- 
ferred to 8th Cav. on consolidation, July 20, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

ARNDT, ALBERT F. R., Detroit. Second Lt. Batt. B, 1st Light Art., Sept. 10, 1861. 
Talien prisoner in action at Shiloh, Ap'l 6, 1862. Excliangcd Nov. 19, IHCi. First 
Lt., May 1, 1862. Capt., Sept. 3, 1863. Wounded in action at GriswoM, (Ja., Nov. 
22, 1864. Maj., Mar. 14, 1865. Mustered out July 29, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

ARNOLD, GEORGE B., Dexter. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862. Serg't Maj. 20tl) Inf'y, 

, Socond Lt., May 17, 1865. First Lt. and Adjt. to ranlt from Mar. 11, 1865. 

Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out May 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 



764 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

AENOLD, H. CLAY, Ann Arbor. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y A, 1st 
(3 months) Infy. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Second Lt. 1st Inf'v, Aug. 22, 1861. 
Firbt Lt., July i, 1862. Killed in action at Bull Run, Va., Aug. 30, 1862. 

AENOLD, DELEVAN, Kalamazoo. Entered service Aug. 21, 1861. Serg't Comp'y L, 

1st Cav., . Second Lt. 9th Cav., Feb. 12, 1864. Not mustered as an officer. 

Honorably discharged Aug. 19, 18G4. 

AETHUE, WALTER C, Detroit. First Lt. and Q. M. 4th Cav., July 29, 1862. Capt. 

and Com. of Sub. U. S. Vols., June 7, 1864. Bvt. Maj and Lt. Col. Vol's, . 

Mustered out Sept. 10, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

ASHLEY, ALFRED, New Baltimore. Capt. 22d Infy, July 21, 1862. Resigned Nov. 27, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

ASHLEY, FERDINAND A., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 12, 1862, as Q. M. Serg't 23d 
Infy. Second Lt., Oct. 3, 1862. Fu-st Lt., Feb. 26, 1863. Resigned Feb. 23, 1864, 
and honorably discharged. 

ASHLEY, LUCIUS F., Albion. Entered service Aug. 27, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y A, 1st 
Eng's and Mech's. First Lt., July 17, 1862. Mustered out Oct. 26, 18ij4, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

ASHLEY, WILLARD H., Sheridan, Entered service Aug. 28, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y A, 
11th Cav. First Lt., Mar. 21, 1864. Resigned on account of disabihty, June 10, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

ATKINSON, JAMES J,, Port Huron. Second Lt, 3d Infy July 29, 1864, First Lt., May 
12, 1865. Ad.it., June 16, 1865, Mustered out May 25, 1866, and honorably dis- 
charged, 

ATCHINSON, JOHN F., Burton, Entered sei-vice Aug, 14, 1862. Serg't Comp'y K, 23d 

Infy, •, Second Lt,, Oct. 16, 1864. Mustered out June 28, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

ATKINSON, JOHN, Port Huron, Capt, 22d Infy, July 31, 1862. Maj., June 7, 1864. 
Resi4>:ned Oct. 14, 1864, to accept appointment as Lt. Col. 3d Infy, to rank from July 
29, 1864. Ht)norably discharged Feb. 24, 1866. 

ATKINSON. WILLIAM F., Port Huron. Entered service Aug. 13, 1862. Serg't Comp'y 

C, 22d infy, . Second Lt., June 7, 1864. Resigned Nov. 7, 1864. CapL. 3d 

Infy, to raiik from July 29, 1864. Mustered out May 25, 1866, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

ATCHINSON, WILLIAM A.. Farmington. Entered service Aug. 8, 1862, as Serir't 
Comp'y A, 22d Infy. Second Lt. 30th Infy Nov, 28, 2864. Mustered out July 28, 
1865, and honorably discharged, 

ATTWOOD, SAMUEL, Detroit. Entered service Sept, 9, 1861, Serg't Comp'y H, 2d 
Cav., . Second Lt., July 31, 1865. Not muotered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged Aug. 17, 1865. 

ATWOOD, WILLIAM S., Detroit. Maj. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861, Talcen prisoner at Bull 
Run, Va., Aug. 30, 1862, Exchanged Oct. 17, 1862. Eesigned Jan. 2, 1863. Capt. 
30th Infy, Nov. 28, 1864. Mustered out June 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

AUSTIN, SILAS, Flint. Entered service Nov. 11, 1861. Serg't Comp'y D, 13th Infy, 

. Second Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. First Lt., July 5, 1865. Mustered out as 2d Lt, 

July 25,1865, and honorably discharged, 

AVERILL, DAVID "I,, Tuscola. Entered service Aug. 11, 1862, as Serg't Comp'v D, 23d 
Infy. Second Lt., Jan. 26, 1863. First Lt., Feb. 24, 1864. Capt., Nov. 25, 1864. 
Killed in action al. Franklin, Tenn., Nov. 30, 1864. 

AVERY, AMOS I., LaSaile. First Lt. 11th Cav., Aug. 1, 1863. Resigned Oct. 11, 1864, 
and honorably discharged, 

AVERY, EARL W., Lowell, Capt, 26th Infy, Sept, 1, 1862, Resigned Ap'l 26, 1864, 
and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 765' 

AVERY, JAMES E., Adrian. Second Lt. 4th Infy May 16, 1861. First Lt, Jan. 13, 

1862. Resigned Dec. 4, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

AVERY, JOHN, Otisco. Ass't Surg. 21st Infy, Aug. 26, 1862. Surg., Jan. 2, 1863. Mus- 
tered out June 8, 1865; and honorably discharged. 

AXTELL. JULIEN H., Mt. Clemens. Entered service July 9, 1861. Serg't Comp'y B, 

1st Infy, . Wounded in action Mar. 31, 1865. Second Lt., May 30, 1865. Not 

Mustered as an officer. Honorably discharged July 9, 1865. 

AXTELL, BENJAMIN F., Kalamazoo. First Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. Capt., Feb. 5, 
18(14. Wounded and taken prisoner in action at Yellow Tavern, Va., May il, 1864. 
Died in prison at Richmond, Va. 

AYRES, AMOS T., Bingham. Capt. 10th Cav., July 25, 1863. Resigned Jan. 23, 1864,. 
and honorably discharged. 

AYRES, EBEN R., Port Austin. First Lt. 23d Infy Aug, 1, 1862. Capt., Jan. 3, 1864. 
Ilesigiied Aug. 16, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

BABBITT, JOHN E., Allegan. Second Lt. 8th Cav., Nov. 1, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 2, 

1863. Capt., Aug. 31, 18G3. Taken prisoner during Stonenian's raid, Aug. 2, 1864. 
Exchanged . Honorably discharged for disability Dec. 27, 1864. 

BABCOCK, ALBERT H., Dundee. First Lt. 18th Infy July 27, 1862. Capt., Ap'l 5,. 

1864. Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BABCOCK, CHARLES P., Grand Rapids. Maj. 2d Cav , Sept. 2, 1861. Resigned Oct. 
2(5, 1862. ]Maj. and Paymaster U. S. Vols., Feb. 19, 1863. Appointment revoked 
Aug. 25, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

BABCOCK, NELSON A,, Saginaw City. Second Lt. 23d Infy, Nov. 7, 1862. Resigned 
Nov. 20, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

BABCOCK, STEPHEN H., Niles. Entered service Nov. 23, 1864, as Serg't Maj. 30tb 
Infy. Second Lt., Mur. 16, 1865. First Lt. and Adjt., April 7, 1865. Mustered 
out June 30, 1865, and hfjuorably discharged. 

BABCOCK, SIMEON M., Adrian. Entered service Aug. 6, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y P, 
26th Infy. Second Lt. 12th Infy, Feb. 26, 1863. Discharged for disabilitv Mar. 29, 
1864. First Lt. 30th Infy, Nov. 28, 1864. Mustered out June 30, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

BACHELDER, SYLVANUS, Clinton. Entered service Nov. 30, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
D, 14th Infy. Second Lt., Dec. 29, 1864. First Lt., Mar. 14, 1865. Mustered out 
July 18, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BACHELDER, DON CARLOS, Ypsiianti. First Lt. 6th Cav. Oct. 13, 1862. Resigned 
May 7, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

BACHELER, JOSEPH H., St. Johns. Entered service Aug. 18, 1862. Hosp'l Stew'd 
23'd Infy, . Ass't Surg., Nov. 25, 1864. Mustered out June 28, I860, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

BACHMAN, AUGUST, Detroit. Entered service May 28, 1961. Serg't Batt. A, 1st Light 
Art., . St'cond Lt., Nov. 24, 1862. First Lt., Sept. 21. 1863. Honorably dis- 
charged for (iisaoility Mar. 30, 1864. 

BACKUS, FRED. W., Detroit. Capt. Ist Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Resigned Dec. 7, 1861, and 
honorably discharged. 

BACKUS, HERBERT A., Grand Rapids. Entered service Julv 29. 1862, as Serg't 
Comp'y H, 4tli Cav. Second Lt., Aug. 23, 1863. First Lt., Nov. 26, 1864. Mustered 
out July 1, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BACON, EDWARD, Niles. Maj. 6th Infv, June 19, 1861. Lt. Col., Juno 21, 1862. CoL» 
Feb. 1, 1864. Honorably discharged Oct. 16, 1864. 

BACON, DAVID, Niles. Captain 6th Infy, Aug. 19, 1861. Lt. Col. 19th Infy, Aug. 8, 

1862. Wounded in action at Baton Rouge, La., Aug. 5, 1862. Resigned Ap'l 3, 

1863, and honorably discharged. 



766 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

BACON, CYEUS, Detroit. Ass't Surg. 7th Inf., Aug, 16, 1861. Ass't Surg. U. S. A., 
Ap'l 16, 1862. Bvt. Maj., Mar. 12, 1865. Died near Springfield, 111., Sept. 1, 1868, 
wiiile en route to his home at Niles, Mich. 

BACON, JOHN H., Lansing. Ass't Surg. 4th Cav., July 26, 1862. Surg. 16th Inf'y, 
Dec. 22, 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BADGER, FREDERICK M., Pine River, Second Lt. 8th Infy, Nov. 4, 1861. Died at 
Beaufort, IS. C, April 19, 1862, of wounds received in action at Wilmington Island, 
Ga., April 16, 1862. 

BAER, HENRY C, Castleton. Entered sen'ice Auc:. 21, 1861. Serg't Comp'y H, 6th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 4, 1864. First Lt., Mar., 7, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 

20, i865, and honorably discharged. 

BAILEY, BENJAMIN F., Holland. Entered service Sept. 6, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y D, 
2d Cav. Second Lt., Jan. 1, 1863. Taken prisoner at Blountsville, Tenn., Dec. 28, 
1862, . Exchanged . Resigned March 13, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

BAILEY, ENOS B., St. Johns. Entered sei-vice Sept. 3, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y B, 3d 
Cav, First Lt. 10th Cav., July 25, 1863. Capt., Jan. 22, 1864. Mustered out Jan. 7, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

BAILEY, CHARLES A., Hastings. Furst Lt., 11th Cav., Aug. 1, 1863. Honorably dis- 
charged for disability Aug. 1, 1864. 

BAIRD, JOHN M., Holly. First Lt., 8th Cav., Nov. 1, 1862. Appointed Regimental 
Q. M., Dec. 23, 1863. Mustered out July 20, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BAINBRIDGE, ALBERT., Byron. First Lt., 8th Inf'y, Sept. 5, 1861. Resigned Ap'l 7, 

1862, and honorably discharged. 

BAKER, BENJAMIN B., Jackson. Second Lt. 17th Inf'y, June 17, 1862. Wounded in 
action at Antietam, Aid., Sept. 17, 1862. First Lt., Dec. 30, 1862. Resigned July 13, 

1863, and honorably discharged. 

BAKER, CHARLES N., Port Huron. Entered service Sept. 2, 1861. Serg't Comp'y K, 
2d Cav., . Second Lt., Sept. 19, 1862. Capt.. Oct. 16, 1862. Maj., Dec. 31, 

1864, Mustered out as Capt., Aug. 17, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BAKER, GEORGE R. S., Blissfield. First Lt, 15th Inf'y, Jan. 1, 1862. Resigned July 
14, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

BAKER, GEORGE P., Hastings. Second Lt. 8th Infy, June 3, 1862. First Lt., Nov. 1, 
1862. Regimental Q. M., Ap'l 15, 1863. Mustered out July 30, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

BAKER, HENRY B., Lansing. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862. Hosp'l Stew'd 20th Inf'y, 
. Ass't Surg., Nov. 17, 1863. Mustered out May 30, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

BAKER, JOHN P., Parma. Entered service Aug. 5, 1862. Sorg't Comp'y E, 20th Inf'y, 
. First Lt., Aug. 22, 1864. Mustered out May 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BAKER, JOHN J., Sturgis. Capt. 19th Infy, July 28, 1862. Maj., June 27. 1864. 
Wounded in action at Peach Tree Creek, Ga., July 20, 1864. Lt. Col., Oct. 28, 1864. 
Honorably discharged May 15, 1865. 

BAKER, RIENZI H., Adrian. Entered service April 18, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y K, 1st (3 
months) Infy. Mustenui out Aug. 7, 1861. Ret'ntered service July 24, 1802, as 
Serg't Comp'y C, 18th Infy. Second Lt., Ap'l 30, 1864. Mustered out June 26, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

BAKER, ROBERT S., Port Huron. Capt. 27th Infy, Oct. 10, 1862. Resigned May 4, 
1864, and honorably discharged. 

BALCH, ARAD C, Kalamazoo. Capt. 13th Inf'y, Oct. 3, 1861. Resigned Jan. 20, 1863, 
and honorably discliargod. 

BALDWIN, ALBERT J., Union City. Entered service Aug. 25. 1862. Serg't Batt. D, 

let Art., . Second Lt., June 21, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably 

discharged Aug. 3, 1865. 



I 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 767 

BALDWIN, EDWIN C, Detroit. Entered service June 20, 1861. Serg't Maj. 4th Infy, 

. Second Lt., Sept. 1, 1861. First Lt., Sept. 1, 1862. Resigned July 29, 1863, 

and honorably discharged. 

BALDWIN, FRANK D., Constantine. Second Lt. Chandler Horse Guard, Sept. 19, 1861. 
Mustered out Nov, 22, 1861 First Lt. 19th Infy, July 28, 1862. Capt., Jan. 23, 
1864. Lt. Col., June 15, 1865. Mustered out as Capt., Juno 10, 1865. First Lt. 19th 
U. S. Infy, Feb. 23, 1866. Transferred to 37th Inf'v, Sept. 21, 1866. Traublerred to 
5th Infy, May 19, 1869. Capt., Mar. 20, 1879. Now in servce. 

BALDWIN, JOHN H., Ganges. Entered service Oct. 1, 1861. Serg't Comp'y B, 13th 

Infy, . Wounded in action Sept. 20, 1863. Second Lt., Aug. 26, 1864. Fii-st 

Lt., May 12, 1865. Mustered out July 25, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BALDWIN, G. ROMEYN, Monroe. Entered service Jan. 20, 1863 Hosp'I Stew'd 18th 
Infy, . Ass't Surg., May 11, 1863. Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

BALDWIN, SAMUEL A., Watertown, Entered service Aug. 15, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 

E, 8th Infy, . Second Lt., July 5, 1864. Capt,, Nov 9. 1864. Mustered out 

July 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BALDWIN, TIMOTHY L., . Entered service Dec. 9, 1862, Serg't Comp'y E, 8th 

Infy, . First Lt, Ap'l 25, 1865, Mustered out July 30, 1865, and honorably dis- 

charged. 

BALFOUR, HARRISON, Mattawan, Second Lt. 13th Infy, Oct. 3, 1861. First Lt., 
July 13, 1862. Resigned for disability. Mar, 5, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

BALLARI>, THOMAS, Detroit, Entered service Sept, 27, 1861. Com. Seig't 1st Cav,, 

. First Lt, and Q. M., July 1, 1862. Capt., Dec. 4, 1864. Mustered out 

Nov. 7, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BALLARD, STEPHEN H., Grand Rapids. Second Lt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862, First 
Lt., June 10, 1863. Taken prisoner in action at Hunterstown, Pa., July 2, 1863. 

Exchanged . Mustered out as Second Lt, June 21, 1865, and honorably dis- 

charged. 

BALMER, JAMES L., Clyde. First Lt, 3d Inf'v, July 29, 1864. Honorably discharged 
May 15, 1865. 

BANCROFT, JOHN M., Detroit, Entered service June 20, 1801, as Serg't Comp'y I, 4th 
Infy. First Lt., Sept. 8, 1862, Mustered out June 30, 1864, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

BANGHAM, GEORGE K., Marshall. Entered service Aug. 14, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 

F, 9th Infy. Second Lt., Oct. 26 1863. First Lt,, Nov. 23, 1864. Mustered 
out Sept. 15. 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BANGS, SAMUEL, S., Marshall. First Lt. 9th Infy, Oct. 12, 1861. Capt, Ap'l 21, 1862. 

Mustered out Nov 16, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

BANKS, WILLIAM H. S , Porter. Second Lt 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. First Lt, Jan. 8, 
1864. Capt., Jan. 4. 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BARBOUR, GEORGE W., Fentonville, Entered service Sept, 8, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
D, 6th Cav. Second Lt, June 18, 1864, Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

BARD, CHARLES L., Grand Haven. Entered service Oct 25, 1861. Serg't Comp'y I, 

13th Infy, . Second Lt, June 1, 1864. First Lt, Ap'l 25, ISC.S. Mustered out 

July 25, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BARDEN, TILSON C, Hudson. Second Lt 2d Infy, Ap'l 25, 1861. First Lt, Sopt 22, 
1861. Capt, Feb. 24. 1863. Wounded in acton D((;. — , 1863. Wounded Inaction 
May 6, 1864. Mustered out Juno 6, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

BARE, AUGUSTINE, Detroit. Entered service Nov, 24, 1862, as Com. Serg't 9th Gay. 
First Lt and Com., Feb. 17, 1864. Mustered out July 25, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 



7t)S MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

BARKER, BYRON V., Leonidas. Second Lt. 11th Inf'y, Mar. 1, 1865. Mustered out 
Sept. 16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BARKER, FREDERICK L., Big Rapids. Entered service June 10, 1861, Serg't Comp'y 

K, 3d Inf'y, . Wounded in action at Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1864. Second Lt. 

5th Inf'y, June 10, 1864. Wounded in action Sept. 1, 1864. First Lt., Oct. 14, 1864. 
Capt., Nov. 7, 1864. Mustered out July 5, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BARKER, RUSSELL M., Flint. Capt. 10th Inf'y, Oct. 1, 1861. Resigned Nov. 29, 1862, 
and honorably discharged. 

BARKER, THOMAS M., Grand Rapids. Capt. 1st Mich., or 102d U. S. Col'd Inf'y. Ap'l 
9, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BARLOW, MELVIN, Hancock. Entered service Aug. 15, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y B, 27th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Ap'l 1, 1864. Not mustered as an officer. Died of disease at 
Toledo, 0., Jan. 18, 1865. 

BARNABY, CHARLES W., Monroe. Second Lt. 15th Inf'y, Jan. 1, 1862. Capt., Oct. 1, 
1862. Killed in action before Atlanta, Ga., Aug. 13, 1864. 

BARNARD, WILLIAM A., Lansinsr. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862. Serg't Maj. 20th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Jan. 27, 1863. First Lt., Jan. 31, 1864. Taken prisoner 

near Petersburg, Va., July 30. 1864. Paroled Mar. 1, 1865. Capt., Ap'l 29, 1865. 
Honorably discharged May 5, 1865, as First Lt. 

BARNES, GEORGE, Chelsea. Ass't Surg. 9th Inf'y, Mar. 10, 1865. Mustered out 
Sept. 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BARNES, GEORGE C, Battle Creek. Capt. 20th Inf'y, July 29, 1862. Lt. Col., Nov. 
21, 1863. Died June 20, 1864, of wounds received in action near Petersburg, Va., 
June 18, 1864. 

BARNS, HENRY, Detroit. Col. 1st Mich., or 102d U. S. Col'd Inf'y. Resigned, date 
unknown, and honorably discharged. 

BARNS, JAMES J., Detroit. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Corp'l Comp'y F, 1st 
(three months) Inf'y. Taken prisoner at Bull Run, Va., July 21, 1861. Mustered out 
July 6, 1862. First Lt. and Adjt. 24th Inf'y, July 26, 1862. Resigned May 9, 1862, 
and honorably discharged. 

BARNES, JOHN H., Portland. Second Lt., 30th Inf'y, Nov. 28, 1864. Mustered out 
June 17, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BARNEY, ALBERT G., Bedford. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862. Serg't Maj. 20th Inf'y, 

. First Lt., May 12, 1864. Not mustered as an officer. Died at his home July 

29, 1864, of wounds received in action June 2, 1864. 

BARNHART, LEVANT W., Ypsilanti. Entered service Nov. 25, 1862. Serg't Comp'y 
E, 6th Cav.. . Second Lt., May 9, 1863. Fiist Lt., Nov. 12, 1863. Capt., May 19, 

1864. Ass't Adjt. Gen. Vol's, May 26, 1865. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13. 1865, 
"for meritorious and distinguished service." Mustered out Mar. 20, 1866, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

BARNHART, LUCIEN B., Union, Entered service Aug. 5, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 0, 
19th Inf'y. Second Lt., Jan. 23, 1864. First Lt., Oct. 28, 1864. Capt. Jan. 11, 1865. 
Mustered out June 10, 1865, and honorably discharged, 

BAROTH, HERMAN, Ionia. Captain 21st Inf'y, July 30, 1862. Resigned Jan. 13, 1863, 
and honorably discharged. 

BARNUM, BOLIVAR, Schoolcraft. Surg. 7th Inf'y. Aug. 26, 1861. Resigned Dec. 11, 
1661. Surg. 25th Inf'y Aug. 27, 1862. On detached service at muster out of regi- 
ment. 

BARR, ROBERT G., Grand Rapids. Second Lt. 10th Cav., July 25, 1863. First Lt., 
Jan. 6, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 11, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BARR, ALBERT, Grand Rapids. Second Lt. 21st Inf'y, Julv 30, 1862. Wounded In 
action at Perryville, Ky., Oct. 8, 1862. Capt., Aug. 24, 1863. Mustered out June 8, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 769 

BARRETT, ALONZO, Portland. Entered service Sept. 5, 1861, Com. Serg't 9th Inf'y, 

. Second Lt., Mar. 14, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 15, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

BARRETT, ALFRED R., Milford. Entered service Aug. 6, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y H, 
22d lufy. Second Lt., Jan. 5, 1863. Resigned Nov. 10, 1863, and honorably dis- 
cluirged. 

BARRETT, CHARLES H., Teeumseh. Entered service June 20, 1861. Pvt. Comp'y 

G, •itli Inf'y, . Capt., July 1, 1865. Mustered out May 26, 1866, and honorably 

discharged. 

BARRETT, ORVEY S., Ackian. Entered service June 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y B, 4th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Sept. 1, 1862. Wounded in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 
1863. Honorably discharged May 23, 1864. 

BARRETT, WILLIAM H., HiUsdale. Entered service July 26, 1864,35 Serg't Comp'y A, 
4th Inf'y. Second Lt., Feb. 9, 1865. Resigned Aug. 23, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

BARROLL, CHARLES L., Leighton. Second Lt. 1st Mich., or 102d U. S. Col'd Infy, 
Dec. 17, 1863. First Lt., Oct. 3, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 30. 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

BARROWS, MILO W., Kalamazoo. First Lt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. Capt., May 17, 
1862. Wounded in action, Oct. 8, 1862. Resigned May 27, 1863, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

BARROWS, STEPHEN S., Detroit. Second Lt. 9th Inf'y, Oct. 121 1861. First Lt., July 
7, 1862. Capt., July 27, 1862. Honorably discharged May 15, 1865. 

BARROWS, HIRAM, Romeo. Second Lt. 9th Inf'y, Oct. 12, 1861. First Lt., Dec. 10, 
1«61. Wounded in action and taken prisoner at Murfreesboro, Tenn.^ July 13, 1862. 
Released Aug. 27, 1862. Capt., Oct. 13, 1862. Mustered out Nov, 16, 1864, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

BARRY, EDWARD, Grand Rapids Entered service Sept. 19, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 
F, 14th Inf'y, . Second Lt., July 7, 1865. Mustered out July 18, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

BARRY, THOMAS, J., Detroit. Capt. 16th Inf'y, Aug. 9, 1861. Maj., July 6, 1862. 
Wounded in action at Bull Run 2d, Aug. 30, 1862. Resigned June 20, 1863," and hon- 
orably discharged. 

BARSE, GEORGE R., Detroit. Entered sei-vice May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y A, 1st (3 
months) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Supernumerary 2d Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 
14, 1862. Second Lt., Jan. 1, 1863. Fli'stLt., Aug. 18, 1863. Taken prisoner ia 
action at Buckland's Mills, Va., Oct. 19, 1863. Escaped May 7, 1864. Retaken May 
11, 1864. Escaped May 22, 1864. Retaken June 14, 1864. Escaped June 29, 1864. 
Retaken July 3, 1864. Escaped Nov. €3, 1864, and finally reached thd picket Ime of 
the Mich. Eiig's and Mech's on the Sherman march to the sea. Honorably discharged 
for disability Mar. 22, 1865. 

BARSHITE, LAMBERT, Detroit. Entered service Sept. 6, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y E, 9th 
Infy. Second Lt., Dec. 13, 1861. Died at Elizabethtown, Ky., Feb. 18, 1862. 

BARSTOW, WILLIAM M., North Star. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862, as Svrg't Comp'y 
D, 26tli Inf'y. Second Lt., Ap'l 15, 1864. Wounded in action May 12, 1864. Not 
mustered as an officer. Honorably discharged Dec, 16, 1864. 

BARTHOLEMEW, W. M. T., Oronoco. Entered service Oct. 12, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 

I, 12ih Inl'y, . Second Lt., Mar. 29. 1864. First Lt., July 3, 1864. Capt., Dec. 

20, 1864. Clustered out Feb. 15, 1806, and honorably difecharged. 

BARTLETT, ADDISON, Owosso. Entered service Nov. 4, 1861. Com. Serg't 14th 
Inf'y, . Second Lt., Dec. 18, 1864. Resigned Ap'l 9, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

BARTLETT, ORRIN M., Gun Plains. Entered service July 21, 1863. Serg't Comp'y M, 

Ibt Cav., . Second Lt,, Mar, 7, 1865. Killed in action at Five Forks, Va., Ap'l 1, 

1865. 

97 



770 ■ MICHIGAN IN THE WAH, 

BARTON, HENRY, Big Prairie. Entered service Sept. 25, 1861. Serg't Comp'y E, 2d 

Cav., . Second Lt., Feb. 1, 1863. First Lt., June 7, 1864. Resigned as 2d Lt. 

Nov. 19, 1864, and honorably discliarged. 

BARTON, JOSEPH M., Battle Greek. First Lt. 2d Inf'y, Ap'l 25, 1861. Resigned Julv 
21, 1861. First Lt. 13th Inf'y, Mar. 19, 1864. Capt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out 
July 25, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BARTON, SAMUEL, Armada. Entered service Nov. 25, 1864, as Serg't Conap'y B, 30th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., June 6, 1865. Not mustered as an ofBcer. Honorably discharged 
June 30, 1865. 

BASSETT, CHANCEY J., Allegan. Capt. 6th Inf'y, Aug. 19,' 1861. Maj. of a Louisiana 
regiment, Oct 20, 1862. No further record. 

BASSETT, CHARLES, Mt. Clemens. Entered service Aug. 12, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
G, 22d Inf'y. Second Lt., Dec. 5, 1862. First Lt., Feb. 21, 1863. Capt., Oct. 14, 
1864. Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BATES, WILFRED, Ransom. Ass't Surg 4th Cav., Mar. 10, 1865. Not mustered. 

BATES, AUSTIN D., Irving. Entered service Aug. 31, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y F, 8th 
Inf'v. Second Lt., Jan. 9, 1862. Wounded in action at James Island, S. C, June 16, 
1862. First Lt., Sept. 1, 1862. Resigned Oct. 23, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

BATES, MARCUS W., Kelloggsville. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862, as Q. M. Serg't 
21st Inf'y. First Lt., Mar. 15, 1864. Wounded in action at Bentonville, N. C, Mar. 
19, 1865. Honorably discharged May 19, 1865, 

BATEMAN, WILLIAM, Ypsilanti. Entered service Mar. 9, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y H, 
9th Cav. Second Lt., Jan. 17, 1864. Taken prisoner at Cypress Swamp, near Briar 
Creek, Ga., Deo. 8, 1864. Exchanged Mar. 1, 1865. Honorably discharged May 15, 
1865. 

BATH, HENRY D., Mason. Entered service June 19, 1861. Serg't Comp'y B, 7th Inf'y, 

, Second Lt., Ap'l 15, 1862. Wounded in action at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 

1862. First Lt., Dec. 30, 1862. Transferred to Vet. Reserve Corps, Sept. 18, 1863. 
No further record. 

BAT WELL, EDWARD, Detroit. Surg. 14th Inf'y, Oct. 24, 1861. Bvt. Lt. Col. U. S. 
Vol's, June 7, 1865. Mustered out July 18, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BAXTER, EDWIN, Grand Rapids. Second Lt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 12, 1861. 
Honorably discharged for disabiUty, Feb. 16, 1864. 

BAXTER, HENRY, Jonesville. Capt. 7th Inf'y, Aug. 19, 1861. Lt. Col., May 22, 1862. 
Wounded in action at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862. Wounded in action at Freder- 
icksburg, Va., Dec. 11, 1862 Brig. Gen. Vols., Mar. 12, 1863. Wounded in action 
at Wilderness, Va., May 6, 18G4. Bvt. Maj. Gen. Vols., Ap'l 1, 1865, " for gallant and 
meritorious conduct in "the Wilderness, at Dabney's Mills and Five Forks, Va." Mus- 
tered out Aug. 24, 18G5, and honorably discharged. 

BAXTER, CHARLES E. K., Jonesville. Entered service Aug. 15, 1862, as musician 
Comi)'y G, 18th Inf'y. Discharged Dec. 15, 1863. Re-enteied sorvice Feb. 29, l.sc,4. 

Serg't Comp'y K, 15th Inf'y, . First Lt., Mar. 30, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 

13, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BAXTER, ROBERT G. W., Hudson. Entered service May 25, 1861. Q, M. Seri^'t 

2d Inf'y, . First Lt., July 22, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably 

discharged July 28, 1865. 

BAXTER, ANDREW A., Morenci Entered service Sept. 24, 1864. Serg't Comp'y F, 

4th Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 28, 1865. Honorably discharged for disability 

Ap'l 19, 1866. 

BAYLIS, RICHARD, St. Johns. First Lt. and Adjt. 5th Cav., Aug. 25, 1862. Wounded 
in action at TrevilUan Station, Va., June 11. 1864. Honorably discharged for disabil- 
ity Nov. 17, 1864. Bvt. Capt., Maj., and Lt. Col., Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and 
meritorious service during the war. " 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 771 

BEACH, BYRON B., Detroit. Entered service Sept. 19, 1862, as Hosp'l Stew'd 5th Cav. 
Asst. Surg., Sept. 8, 1863. B\'t. Capt. U. S. Vols., Mur. 13, 1865, "for merilorious 
service. " Mustered out June 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BEACH, CORYDON, Mendon. Entered service Aug. 25, 186-t, as Serg't Corap'y C, 28th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Jan. 5, 1865. First Lt., Sept. 15, 1865. Mustered out June 5, 
1866, and honorably discharged. 

BEACH, HENRY, Decatur. Second Lt. Ist Cav., Nov. 18, 1863. First Lt. and Adjt., 
Oct. 25, 1864. Capt., Dec. 4, 1864, Mustered out Mar. 10, 1866, and honorably 
discharged. 

BEACH, REUBEN A., Hudson. Capt. 2d Infy, Ap'l 25, 1861. Resigned Aug. 3, 1861, 
and honorably discharged. 

BEACH, REUBEN A., Jr., Hudson. Entered service Mav 25, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y B, 
2d Infy. Second Lt., Sept. 22, 1861. First Lt., Sept. 16, 1862. Honorably dis- 
charged Jan. 13, 1863. 

BEACH, SAMUEL E., Pontiao. Second Lt. 15th U. S. Inf'y, Ap'l 9, 1847. Bvt. 1st Lt., 
Aug. 2(1, 184.7, " for gallant and meritorious conduct in the battles of Contieras and 
Churubusco." First Lt., Feb. 23, 1848. Disbanded Aug. 4, 1848. Lt. Col. 5th Infy. 
June 10, 1861. Wounded in action at Williamsburg, Va., May 5, 18G2. Col., July 18, 
1862. Mustered out June 10, 1864, on consolidation of 3d and 5th Inf'y, and honor- 
ably discharged* 

BEACH, VALENTINE. Muskegon. Entered service Sept. 16, 1861. Serg't Comp'y E, 

2d Cav., . Second Lt., July 31,1865. Not mustered as an oflScer. Honorably 

discharged Aug. 17, 1865. 

BEACH, WALTER P., Lapeer. Capt. 10th Inf'y, Oct. 1, 1861. Resigned June 20, 1862, 
and honorably discharged. 

BEACH, WATSON, Lexington. Entered service Dec. 5, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y D, 10th 
Infy. Second Lt., July 5, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 31, l>-^63. Capt., Sept. 23, 1864. 
Mubtered out as 1st Lt., Feb. 6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BEADLE, WM. H. H., Ann Arbor. Lt. Col. 1st S. S., Jan, 1, 1863. Resigned June 13, 
1864. Maj. Vet. Reserve Corps, June 14, 1864. Bvt. Lt. Col. " for gallantry in the 
defense of Washington City, July 10, 1864." Bvt. Col. and Brig. Gen. Volls., Mar. 
13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service during the war." Mustered out Mar. 
26, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

BEAHAN, RICHARD, Ann Arbor. Capt. 14th Inf'y, Nov. 18, 1861. Resigned Nov. 21, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

REALS, JEROME, Niles. Second Lt. 2d Inf'y, Ap'l 25, 1861, Resigned Aug. 7, 1861, 

and honorably discharged. 

BEARD, GEORGE, Plymouth. Entered service Dec. 21, 1861. Serg't Comp'y I, 16th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Ap'l 25, 1863. First Lt., July 16, 1864. Capt., Sept. 7, 

1864. Wounded in action at Poplar Grove Church, Sept. 30, 1864. Mustered out 
July 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BEARDSLEE, ALFRED W., Detroit, Entered service May 1, 1861. as Serg't Comp'y 
F, iHt (3 months) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Second Lt. Itst Inf'y, Aug. 
17, 1861. First Lt., Ap'l 22, 1862. Resigned July 14, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

BEARDSLEY, EDWARD C, Elkhart, Ind. Entered sei-vice Aug. 20, 1861, as Serg't 
Comp'y K, 6th Inf'y. Wounded in action June 30, 186:^. Second Lt.. Oct. 1, 1863. 
First. Lt., Nov. 25, 1864. Mustered out Aug, 20, 1865, and honorably dischai-ged, 

BEARDSLEE, TOWNSEND C, Pontiac, Capt, 22d Inl'y, July 31. 1S62, Resigned Aug. 
3, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

BECKWITH, WILLIAM G., Grand Rapids. Entered service Aug. 21. 1862. Serg't 

Comp'y B, 5th Cav., , First Lt., Ap'l 14, 1865. Not mustered as an oflicer. 

Absent sick at muster out of his Comp'y. 



77a MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

BEDFORD, JOHN, Ann Arbor. Entered service Sept. 16, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 0, 1st 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Sept. 23, 1862. Wounded in action at Frerl'^ricksburg, Va., Dec. 
13, 1862. Transferred to Vet. Reserve Corps, Oct. 29, 1863. : further record. 

BEDTELYON, JACOB, Atlas. Entered service Au^. 19, 1862. Serg't Comp'y K, 4th 

Cav., . Second Lt., Feb. 18, 1863. First Lt.. Sept. 13, 1863. Wounded in action 

at Cleveland, Tenn., Dec. 9, 1863, while in command of a detachment on courier duty. 
Capt., Aug. 14, 1864. Resigned Jan. 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BEEBE, ERI, Decatur. Capt. 28th Inf'y, Aug. 15, 1864. Resigned Sept. 12, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

BEEBE, GEORGE C. Gaines. Entered service Aug. 16, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 8th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., April 25, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably 

discharged July 30, 1865. 

BEEBE, ALPHEUS M., Lansing. Capt. 14th Inf'y, Nov. 18, 1861. Resigned July 27, 
1863. Maj. 29th Inf'y, July 29, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 6, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

BEEBE, CHARLES E., Jackson. First Lt. and Q. M. 17th Inf'y, Dec. 18, 1862. Resigned 
July 19, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

BEECH, RODNEY W., Lapeer. Entered service Oct. 6, 1863. Serg't Maj. 10th Cav., 

. Second Lt., Ap'l 7, 1864. First Lt., Feb. 8, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 11, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

BEECH, JOHN H., Coldwater. Surg. 24th Inf'y, Aug. 15, 1862. Resigned Ap'l 4, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

EEEDLE, JAMES M., Union City. First Lt. Batt. D, 1st Light Art., Sept. 2, 1861. 
Resigned June 20, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

BEEKMAN, WILLIAM, Clinton. Entered service Sept. 9, 1861 . Serg't Comp'y B, 2d 

Cav., . Second Lt., July 3, 18G5. First Lt., July 31, 1865. Not mustered as an 

officer. Honorably discharged Aug. 17, 1865. 

BEERS, ANDREW J., Grand Rapids. Entered service Sept. 12, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 

C, 1st Eng's and Mech's, . First Lt., Nov. 3, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, 

and honorably discharged. 

BEERS, JEPTHA W., Tecumseh. Second Lt. 4th Inf'y, May 16, 1861. First Lt., May 
1, 1862. Wounded and taken prisoner at Gaines's Mill, Va., June 27, 1862. Died 
while being removed from field hospital to Richmond Va., about July 6, 1862. 

BEGOLE, WILLIAM M., FUnt. Entered service Aug. 4, 1862. Serg't Comp'y K, 23d 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Feb. 6, 1863. First Lt., June 20, 1864. Died Oct. 15, 1864, 

of wounds received at Lost Mountain, Ga., June 16, 1864. 

BEILMAN, FREDERICK, Port Huron. Entered service Aug. 9, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
H, 1st Cav. Second Lt., Sept. 12, 1862. Taken prisoner at Bull Run, Va., Aug. 30, 

1862. Exchanged, . Resigned Ap'l 15, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

BEISEL, WILLIAM H., Exeter. Entered service Aug. 14, 1862. Serg't Comp'y K, 18th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Jan. 24, 1865. Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

BELCHER, HORATIO, Flint. First Lt. 8th Inf'y, Aug. 12, 1861. Capt., Sept. 1, 1862. 
Wounded in action at Cold Harbor, Va., June 3, 1864. Maj.. June 3, 18G4. Killed in 
action at Weld on R. R.. Va., Aug. 19, 1864. 

BELCHER, IRVING M. Flint. Entered service July 31, 1861, as Serg't Comp'v C, 16th 
Inf'y. SecondLt., Aug. 30, 1862. FirstLt., Ap'l 17, 1863. Capt., July 16, 1864. Hon- 
orably discharged for dL-^ability, May 15, 1865. 

BELCHER, HIRAM, Port Huron, Entered service Feb. 16, 1C62. Sei^'t Comp'y H, 
lOtii Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 7, 1865. Not mustered as an ollicer. Honor- 
ably discharged July 19, 1865. 

BELKNAP, CHARLES E., Cannonsburg. Entered service Aug. 14, 1862, as Serg't 
Comp'y H, 21st Inf'y. Second Lt., Feb. 3, 1863. First Lt., to rank from Jan. 8, 

1863. Capt., Jan. 22, 1864. Mustered out June 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 773 

BELL, JOHN, Monroe. Entered service Nov. 14, 1861. Ser<?'t Comp'y K, 15th Inf'y, 

. First Lt., Oct. 1, 1862. Capt., Au-;. 13, 18iJ3. Maj., Jan. 21, 1865. Bvt. Lt! 

Col. U. S. Vols., May 2-1, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service during tlie war." 
Mustered out Aug. 13, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BELL, MERTON A., Olivet. Entered service Aug. 1, 18G2. Serg't Comp'y G, 20th 
Inf'y, . Second Lt., Ap'l 5, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged May 30, 1865. 

BELL, DIGBY V., Jk., Detroit. First Lt. and Q. M. 21th Inf'y, July 26, 1862. Resigned 
Nov. 3, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

BELLAIR, JOSEPH 0., Detroit. First Lt. 1st S. S., June 3, 1863. Capt.. July 12, 1864. 
Wounded and taken prisoner at Poplar Spring Church, Va., Sept. 30, 1864. Paroled 
Oct. 9, 1864. Mustered out July 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BELLES, WILLIAM, Chesterfield. Capt. 30th Inf'y, Nov. 28, 1864. Mustered out June 
30, 1865, and honorably discharged, 

BEMIS, ALFRED F., Pentwater. Entered service Aug. 14, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y A, 
26th Inf'v. Second Lt., Ap'l 6, 1864. First Lt., Ap'l 6, 1864. Honorably discharged 
for disability, Nov. 17, 1864. 

BENEDICT SMITH, A., Sturgis. Entered service Aug. 24, 1861, as S«ng't Comp'y C, 
11th Inf'v. Second Lt., Jan. 15, 1864. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged Sept. 30, 1864. 

BENEDICT, MYRON A., Leonidas. Second Lt. 11th Inf'y, Jan. 5, 1864. First Lt., Jan. 
23, 18G4. Wounded in action at Rough Station, Ga., July 4, 1864, with loss of rigbjb 
arm. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BENHAM, HENRY D., . First Lt. 1st Mich, or 102d U. S. Col'd Inf'y, Mar. 7, 

1864. Died of disease at Beaufort, S. 0., July 3, 1864. 

BENHAM, TOWER S., LeonicJas. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y K, 7th 

Infv, . Wounded in action at Antietam, Md., Sei)t. 17, 18G2. Second Lt Nov. 

27. 1863. Capt., Oct. 5, 1864. Maj., Nov. 18, 18G4. Mustered out as Capt., July 5, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

BENJAMIN, ALBERT D., Fowlerville. Second Lt. 30th Inf'y, Nov. 28, 1864. Mustered 
out June 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BENJAMIN, DAVID C, Columbus, Ohio. Capt. 1st Mich., or 102d U. S. Col'd Inf'y, 
Nov. 26, 1863. Resigned Aug, 2, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

BENNETT, BENJAMIN G., Burr Oak. Entered service Ap'l 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
G, 1st (3 months) Inf'y. Capt. 11th Inf'y, Aug. 24, 1861. Maj., Jan. 7, 1863, Killed 
in action at Mission Ridge, Tenn., Nov. 25, 1863. 

BENNETT, CHARLES W., Coldwater. Entered service Aug. 15, 1861, as Serg't 
Coinpy G, 'Jth Inf'y. Second Lt., Jan. 17, 1863. Capt. 13th U. S. Col'd Inf'y, Oct, 
26, 18G3. Bvt. Maj., Doc. 2, 1865, "for faithful and meritorious service during the 
war." Mustered out Jan. 10, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

BENNETT, HARRISON, Jackson. Entered service May 1, 1801, as Pvt. Comp'y B, 1st 
(3 months) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Reentered service Aug. 25, 1861. 

Hosp'l Stew'd 1st Inf'y. . Fi'st Lt., July 7, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. 

Honorably discharged July 9, 18G5. 

BENNETT, JAMES D., Grand Rapids. Entered service Juno 10, 18G1. as Ser^^'t Comp'y 
B, 3d Inf'y. Second Lt., Oct, 25, 1862. Honorably discJiarged Oct. 31, 1863. 

BENNETT, JOHN, Centerville. Ass't Surg. 19th Inf'y, Aug. 12, 18G2. Surg., July 18, 
1863. Mustered out June 10, 18G5, and honorably discharged. 

BENNETT, JOHN, Decatur. Entered service Aug. 5, 1862. Serg't, Comp'y C, 4th 

Cav., . Second Lt., Jan. 8, 1865. Bvt. First Lt. U. S. Vols., May 10, 18fi5, "for 

meritorious service in the capture of Jeff. Davis." Mustered out July 1, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 



774 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

BENNETT, JOHN W., Mt. Clemens. Second Lt., 8th Cav., Nov. 1, 1862. First Lt., 
Aug. 31, 1863. Capt., Dec. 1, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

BENNETT, JOHN E., Shiawassee. Entered service Aug. 17, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y 
H, 10th Cav. Second Lt., Feb. 18, 1865. First Lt., Sept. 2, 1865. Mustered out 
Nov. 11, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BENNETT, OESON W., Charleston, S. C. First Lt. 1st Mich, or 102d U. S. Col'd Inf'y, 
Feb. 13, 1864. Capt., May 6, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

BENNETT, WILLIAM T., Charleston, S. C. Capt. 11th U. S. Col'd Troops, . Lt., 

Col. 1st Mich, or 102d U. S. Col'd Inf v, Ap'l 14, 1864. Col. 33d U. S. Col'd Troops, 
. Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, May 25, 1865. No further record. 

BENSON, JOHN, Portland. Second Lt., 27th Inf'y, Ap'l 30, 1863. First Lt., Mar. 1, 

1864. Q. M., April 20, 1864. Mustered out July 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BENSON, JOHN M., Midland. Entered service Sept. 14, 1861. Serg't Comp'y D, 16th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., May 8, 1865. Mustered out July 8, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

BENSON, JOSHUA E., Eiley. Entered service June 10, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 3d 
Inf'y, . Second Lt. 5th Infy, Sept. 18, 1864. First Lt., Nov. 29, 1864. Mus- 
tered out July 5, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BENSON, WILLIAM, Adrian. Chap. 9lh Cav., May 27, 1863. Eesigned Jan. 4, 1864, 
and honorably discharged. 

BENSON, WILLIAM H., Kalamazoo. Entered service May 25, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
I, 2d Inf'y. Capt., Dec. — , 1861. Eesigned Feb. 7, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

BENTLEY, JAMES W., Hastings. First Lt. and Com., 7th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862. Mus- 
tered out Dec. 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BEEDAN, HAEEISON, Eomulus. Entered service Aug. 29, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y H, 
5th Cav. Second Lt., Oct. 24, 1863. Wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864. 
First Lt., Oct. 27, 1864. Capt., Feb. 1, 1865. Mustered out June 22, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

BEEGEE, JOHN A., Frankenmuth. First Lt. 29th Inf'y, July 29, 1864. Mustered out 
Sept. 16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BEEGl'.E, OTTO A., Franklin. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861. Sergt. Comp'y D, 5th 

Infy, . Second Lt., Aug. 28, 1864. First Lt.\ May 8, 1865. Mustered out July 

5, 1865 and honorably discharged. 

BEEGWIN, PETEE V., Muskegon. Entered service June 10, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
H, 3d Inf'y. Second Lt., Sept. 1, 1862. Wounded at Grovetown, Va., Aug. 29, 1862. 
Transferred to Vet. Eeserve Corps, Oct. 18, 1863 No further record. 

BEENAED, EDWIN E., Detroit. Entered service Dec. 25, 1861. Serg't Maj. 14th Inf'y, 

Second Lt., Jan. 17, 1865. First Lt., July 7, 1865. Mustered out July 18, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

BEENAED, JAMES T., Detroit. Entered service Oct. 20, 1861. Q. M. Serg't 14th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., July 7, 1865. Mustered out July 18, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

BEERIDGE, JOHN, Bangor. Entered service Dec. 29, 1862. Serg't Maj. 1st S. S., 

First Lt., Nov. 20, 1864. Capt., Mar. 7, 1865. Mustered out July 28, 1865, 

and honorably discharged. 

BEERINGEE, CIIEISTOPHEE, Charlotte. Entered service June 10, 1861. Serg't 

Comp'y D, 3d Infy, . Second Lt. 5th Inf., Sept. 16, 1864. First Lt., Oct. 25, 

1864. Mustor(>d out July 5, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BEEEY, BENJAMIN II.. Lansing. Entered service July 24, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y A, 
2Uth Inf'y. Second Lt., July 29, 1862. First Lt., Dec. 30, 1862. Capt., June 18, 
1864. Honorably discliarged for disability as First Lt. Aug. 22, 1864. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 775 

BERRY, JOSEPH, Duplaln. Entered service . Serg't Ist Independent Comp'v S. S., 

. Second Lt. 2d Inf'y, Ap'i 1, 1864. Taken prisoner July 30, 1804. Died in 

rebel prison. 

BERRY, JOHN, Ontonagon. Entered service Aug. 3, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 16th 
Inf'y, . First Lt., May 8, 1805. Mustered out July 8, 18G5, and lionorably dis- 
charged. 

BERRY, WILLIAM L., Detroit. Entered service Sept. 4, 1861, as Hosp'l Stew'd 16th 
Inf'y. Ass't Surg. Ap'l 18, 1804. Mustered out July 8, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

BETTINGHOUSE, WILLIAIM, Grand Rapids. Entered service Oct. 17, 1861. Serg't 

Comp'y B, 1st Eng's and Mech's, . First Lt., Jan. 1, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 

26, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

BEVENS, SAMUEL, Dryden. Entered service Sept. 2, 1864, as Serg't Comp'y G, 4th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Oct. 24, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably discharged 
June i4, 1866. 

BEVIER, JONATHAN D., Grand Rapids. Ass't Surg. 17th Inf'y, June 22, 1862. Surg., ■ 
Oct. 14, 1862. Mustered out June 3, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BIBBINS, MADISON W., Coldwater. Entered service Aug. 16, 1862. as Serg't Comp'y 
M, 5th Cav, Second Lt., Mar. 4, 1864. First Lt., Aug. 10, 1864. Capt., Feb. 1, 1865. 
Mustered out June 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BICKFORD, CHANCLA M., Algansee. Entered service Auir. 9, 1862, as Corp'l Comp'y 
G, 4th Cav. Second Lt., Aug. 27, 1864. Mustered out July 1, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

BIDWELL, ALONZO F., Coldwater. Maj. 1st (3 months) Inf'y, May 1, 1861. TVIus- 
tered out Aug. 7, 1861. Capt. Batt. D, 1st Light Art., Jan. 11, 1862. Resigned 
Aug. 2, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

BIDWELL, CHARLES, Tecumseh. Entered service Oct. 22, 1863, as Pvt. "Provost 
Guard." Capt. 11th Inf'y, Mar. 1, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 27, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

BIGELOW, JAMES W., Ionia. Entered service Sept. 22, 1864, as Serg't Comp'y F, 3d 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Mar. 12, 1865. Resigned Dec. 18, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BIGELOW, JOHN ALLEN, Birmingham. Entered service Aug. 13, 1861, as Musician 
Comp'y G, 1st Cav. Wounded at Hagerstown, Md., July 10, 1863. Second Lt., 5th 
Cav., Aug. 18, 1863. Wounded in action May 28, 1864. Wounded in action at Win- 
chester, Va., Sept. 19, 1864. First Lt., Oct. 27, 1864. Bvt. Capt., Mar. 13, 1865, 
"for gallant and meritorious service during the war." Honorably discharged for 
wounds (loss of left arm) as Second Lt., Ap'l 5, 1865. 

BIGELOW, CYRUS E., Hudson. First Lt. 2d Inf'y, Ap'l 25, 1861. Resigned Oct. 31, 
1861, and honorably discharged. 

BIGELOW, JEROME S., Battle Creek, Second Lt. 13th Inf'y, Oct. 3, 1861. Died of 
disease near Corinth, Miss., May 28, 1862. 

BIGELOW, CHARLES W.. South Haven. Capt. 19th Inf'y, July 28, 1862. Died May 
29, 1864, of wounds received in action near Dallas, Ga., May 25, 1864. 

BIGELOW, ABRAM, Berlin. Enterod service Aug. 15, 1862, as Sorcr't Comp'v G, 21st 
Inf'y. First Lt., Dec. 2, 1863. Taken prisoner Mar. 10, 1865. Paroled Ap'l'—, 1865. 
Honoiably discharged May 15, 1865. 

BILLINGS, ADIN C, Detroit. Entered service June 4. 1861. Serg't Comp'v F, 2d 

Inl'y, . First Lt., July 12, 1864. Capt., Nov. 24, 1864. Mustered out July 28, 

18(j5, and honorably discharged. 

BILLTNGSBY, JOSIAH, Coldwater. Entered service Juno 1, 1862, as Serg't Comp'v H, 
17th Inf'y. Second Lt., July 4, 1863. First Lt., Oct. 19, 1863. Killed in action Nov. 
20, 1863. 



776 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

BINGHAM, OSCAR H., Marshall. Entered service Sept. 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y B, 
3d Cav. Second Lt., Aug. 1, 1862. Murdered by guerrillas near Jackson, Tenn., Ap'l 
29, 1863. 

BINGHAM, AMOS, Quincy. Entered service Aug. 8, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y M, 5th 
Cav. Second Lt., Oct. 27, 1864. First Lt., Feb. 1, 1865. Mustered out June 22, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

BINGHAM, ALONZO L., East Saginaw. Capt. 27th Infy, jOct. 10, 1862. Wounded in 
action at Jackson, Miss., July 11, 1863. Wounded in action at Wilderness, Va., May 
6, 1864. Wounded in action at Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864. Wounded in action 
at Petersburg, Va., June 28, 1864. Mustered out July 26, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

BINNS, BENJAMIN E., Buchanan. Second Lt. 12th Inf'y, Oct. 10, 1861. Wounded in 
action at Shiloh, Tenn., Ap'l 6, J.862. Capt., Oct, 1, 1862. Resigned Feb. 15, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

BIED, JOSEPH F.. Detroit. Entered service July 3, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y A, 1st Inf'y. 
First Lt., Nov\ 1, 1864. Capt., May 30, 1865. Mustered out July 9, 1865, and hon- 
orably dischai -sd. 

BIEDSALL, DANIEL E., Hastings. Entered service June 10, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 

E, 3d Inf'y, . Second Lt. 5th Inf'y, June 10, 1864. First Lt., Sept. 1, 1864. 

Wounded in action, Oct. 27, 1864. Honorably discharged for disability, Jan. 10, 1865. 

BIEDSALL, JOHN W., Morenci. Entered service Sept. 11, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y F, 
11th Inf'y. Second Lt., Jan. 2, 1863. First Lt.. May 29, 1863. Capt., Jan. 1, 1864. 
Mustered out Sept. 30, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

BIEGE, MANNING D., Grand Eapids. First Lt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. Capt., June 
10, 1863. Maj., June 6, 1864. Mustered out June 21, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BIEKENSTOCK, A. E., Grand Eapids. Capt. 3d Inf'y, May 13, 1861. Eesigned on 
account of disability, Aug. 7, 1861, and honorably discharged. 

BIENEY, JAMES G., Bay City. Second Lt. 7th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862. Wounded and cap- 
tured at Gettysburg, Pa., July 3, 1863. Escaped same day. Capt., A.ar. 18, 18(;4. 
Transferred to 1st Cav., Nov. 17, 1865. Mustered out Mar. 10, 1866, and honoraldv 
discharged. Second Lt. 9th U. S. Cav., July 28, 1866. Bvt. First Lt. and Capt", 
Mar. 2, 1867, " for gallant and meritorious service at the battle of Gettvsburg, Pa." 
First Lt., Ap'l 14, f867. Died Jan. 16, 1870. 

BIERELL, DAVID, Detroit. Second Lt. 24th Inf'y, July 26, 1862. Killed m action at 
Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, 1862. 

BISBEE, CHAELES E., Monroe. Entered service June 20, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y A. 4th 
Inf'y. Discharged Oct. 15, 1862. Eetotered service Mar. 15, 1864. Serg'i Maj. 15th 

Inf'y, . First Lt., Mar. 30, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 13, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

BISHOP, MAEION F., Marquette. Entered service July 27, 1861. Sevs't M;ij. 1st 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Aug. 30, 1862. First Lt., Sept. 23, 1862. Wounded in 

action at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, 1862. Transferred to Vet. Eeserve Corps, 
Oct. 12, 1863. Capt., Feb. 21, 1865. Mustered out Nov, 7, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

BISHOP, ANDEEW J., Howell. Second Lt. 15th Inf'y, Jan. 1, 1862. First Lt., Oct. 1, 
1802. Capt., Jan. 12, 1864. Mustered out as First Lt., Jan. 28, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

BISHOP, LOOMIS K., Cannonsburg. First Lt. 21st Inf'v, July 30, 1862. Capt., Feb. 
3, 18G3. Lt. Col., Sept. 20, 1863. Bvt. Col. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 18, 18G5. Mustered 
out Juno 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BISSELL, CHAELES T., Detroit. First Lt. 5th Inf'v, Dec. — , 1862. Eesigned Julv 16, 
1864. First Lt. Ibt Cav., Aug. 3, 1864. Eesigned Mar. 10, 1865. Second Lt. 2ii U. 
S. Art., Ap'l 9, 1865. Bvt. First Lt. and Capt., Ap'l 9, 18C5, "for good conduct and 
gallant service during the war." First Lt., Nov. 21, 1865. Honorably discharged 
Dec. 23, 1870. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 777 

BISSELL, CHARLES L., Chicago, HI. First Lt. and Adjt. 12th Infy, Oct. 10, 1861. 
Died of disease at Bolivar, Tenn., Oct. 26, 1862. 

BISSELL, FRANCIS M., Quincy. Entered service Aug. 24, 1861, as Serg't Corap'y B, 
11th Infy. Second Lt., Feb. 19, 1862. First Lt., Nov. 26, 1862. Capt., Jan. 7, 1863. 
Wounded in action at Mission Ridge, Tenn., Nov. 25, 1863. Honorably discharged for 
disability June i, lS6-i. 

BITELY, STEPHEN, Antwerp. Entered service Nov. 1, 1861, as Serg't Comp'v H, 12th 

Infy, . First Lt., Nov. 11, 1863. Q. M., Mar. 15, 1864. Mustered out Feb. 15, 

1866, and honorably discharged. 

BLACK, WILLIAM A., St. Clair. First Lt. 4th Infy, July 26, 1864. Capt., Oct. 24, 

1865. Mustered out May 26, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

BLACKMAN, HUDSON B., Howell. First Lt., and Q. M. 5th Infy, June 19, 1861. 
Mustered out Aug. 28, 1864. Capt. and Ass't Q. M. U. S. Vol's, to rank from Feb. 
29, 1864. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, for long and faithful service in Q. M. 
DepartuHent. Mustered out Nov. 3, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

BLACKMER, MERRITT H., Saginaw. Second Lt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. First Lt., 
Sept. 25, 1862. Resigned May 17, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

BLACKMER, HORACE, Bridgeport. First Lt. 29th Infy, July 29, 1864. Resigned Feb. 

9, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BL AIDING, EMERY J., Greenville. Entered service Aug. 23, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y 
E, 10th Cav. Second Lt., Sept. 2, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 11, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

BLAKE, FRANCIS E., Cleveland, 0. Entered service Aug. 15, 1861. Com. Serg't 1st 

Cav, . Second Lt., June 15, 1864. First Lt. and Com., Aug. 8, 1864. Mustered 

out Nov. 7, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BLAKER, GILBERT H., Houghton. Ass't Surg. 23d Infy, Aug. 23, 1862. Surg., Nov. 

10, 1862. Resigned Dec. 21, 1862. Ass't Surg. 21st Infy, Ap'l 1, 1863. Taken pris- 
oner in action at (hickamauga, Sept. 20, 1863. Paroled, . Mustered out May 

15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BLAKEMAN, H. DORR, Jackson. Entered service Nov. 22, 1862. as Serg't Comp'y E, 
1st S. S. First Lt., Sept. 14, 1864. Mustered out July 28, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

BLAKESLY, JACK, Howell. Entered service Oct. 8, 1863, as Serg't 13th Batt. Light 
Art. Second Lt., Jan. 2, 1865. Mustered out July 1, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

BLAKESLEE, ELIAKIN R., Hudson. Entered service Aug. 21, 1861. Serg't Corap'y 

C, 1st U. S., . First Lt., Mar. 8, 1864. Adjt., May 25, 1864. Honorably 

discharged Oct. 7, 1864. 

BLANCHARD, LLEWELLYN, J., Oneida. Entered service Oct. 22, 1861. Serar't 

Comp'y B, 2d U. S. S. S., . Capt., Dec. 16, 1864. Transferred to 5th Infy on 

consolidation Feb. 18, 1865. Mustered out July 5, IStJo, and honorably discliarged. 

BLANCHARD, JONATHAN, Ann Arbor. Chap. 26th Infy, Nov. 28, 1862. Honorably 
discharged Dec. 15, 1863. 

BLISS, D. WILLARD, Grand Rapids. Surg. 3d Infv, Mav 13, 1861. Maj. and Surg. U. 
S. Vol's, Sept. 21, 1861. Bvt. Lt. Col. and Col. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for 
faithful and meritorious service during the war." Mustered out Dec. 8, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

BLISS, ZENAS E., Grand Rapids. Ass't Surg. 3d Infy, Mav 13, 1861. Surg. Oct. 15, 
1861. Maj. and Surg. U. S. Vol's Sept. 12, 1862. Bvt. Lt. Col. U. S. Vol's, Jan. 26, 

1866, "for faithful service." Mustered out Feb. 2, 1866, and honorably discliarged. 

BLISS, WILLIAM S., Detroit. First Lt. Batt. B, 1st Light Art.. Oct. 3, 1861. Taken 
prisoner at the battle of Shiloh, Tenn., Ap'l 6, 1862. Killed by a rebel sentinel while a 
prisoner of war at Montgomery, Ala., May 1, 1862. 

'j8 



778 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

BLODGETT, SAMUEL A., Union City. Entered service Sept. 3, 1862. Serg't Batt. D, 

1st Light Art., . Second Lt., Feb. 8, 1865. First Lt., June 21, 1865. Mustered 

out as Second Lt., Aug. 3, 1865, and iionorably disciiarged. 

BLOOD, OLIVER, Scio. Entered service July 30, 1862, as Sera:'t Comp'y L), 20th Infy. 
Second Lt., Jan. 26, 1863. First Lt., Jan. 2, 1864. Capt., June 20, 1864. Killed ia 
action near Petersburg, Va., Sept. 30, 1864. 

BLOODGOOD, WILKINS, Detroit. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Corp'l Corap'y A, 
1st (3 months) Infy Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Second Lt. 1st Infy, Aug. 17, 1861. 
1st Lt. and Adjt., May 5, 1862. Capt., June 27, 1862. Wounded and taken prisoner 
at Bull Run, Va., Aug. 30, 1862. Died at Washington, Sept. 23, 1862, of wounds 
received in action. 

BOARDMAN, GEORGE M., Petersburg. Capt. 15th Infy, Jan. 1, 1862. Died at St, 
Louis, Mo., April b, 1864. 

BOCKINS, CHARLES J., Poit Huron. Entered service Aug. 22, 1862. Q. M. Serg't 22d 
Infy, . Second Lt., June 17, 1863. First Lt. and Q M., Ap'l 19, 1864. Mus- 
tered out June 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BOFFINGER, PETER, Bay City. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861. Serg't Comp'y K, 5th 
Infy, . Second Lt., June 10, 1864. First Lt., Oct. 8, 1«64. Honorably dis- 
charged for disability as Second Lt., Nov. 29, 1864. 

BOGART, GILBERT, Jk., Flint. Ass't Surg. 23d Infy, Sept. 16, 1862. Resigned Ap'l 
26, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

BOGARDUS, PETER A., Grand Rapids. Second Lt. 3d Infy, May 13. 1861. First Lt., 
Aug. 11, 1861. Resigned Jan. 1, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

BOISE, LEROY C, Lansing. Entered service Aug. 12, 1862. Serg't Comp'y G, 20th 

Infy, . Second Lt., Dec. 30, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 17, 1864. Capt., Oct. 24, 

1864. Honorably discharged for disability Ap'l 5, 1865. 

BOLES, WILLIAM, Kalamazoo. Second Lt. 28th Infy, Aug. 15, 1864. Honorably dis- 
charged Aug. 14c, 1865. 

BOLIO, ALFRED H., Detroit. Second Lt. 27th Infy, Oct. 10. 1862. Resigned May 25, 
1863, and honorably discharged. 

BOLTON, EDWARD B., . Entered service Mar. 28, 1864. Serg't 1st Comp'y S. S. 

16th Infy, . Second Lt., July 2, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably 

discharged July 8, 1865. 

BOLZA, CHARLES E., Grand Rapids. Second Lt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. Killed in 
action at Falling Waters, Md., July 14, 1863. 

BOND, JACKSON P., Rome Center. Entered ser\ice Sept. 10, 1861. Com. Serg't 3d 

Cav., . Second Lt., July 4, 1865. Mustered out Fob. 12, 1866, and honorably 

discharged. 

BOND, HENRY, Niles. Entered service Aug. 11, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y F, 25th Infy. 
Second Lt., Nov. 2, 1864. First Lt., May 8, 1865. Mustered out June 24, 1865, and 
honorably dischtirged. 

BONINE, EVAN J., Niles. Surg. 2d Infy, Sept. 23, 1861. Resigned Aug. 31, 1864, and 
honorably discharged. 

BONNER, WALTER G., Adrian. Entered service May 29, 1862. Serg't Comp'y A, 17th 
Infy, . Second Lt., May 26, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged June 3, 1865. 

BORDEN, BYRON J., Ionia. Entered service Sept. 6, 1861. Serg't Comp'y E, 1st Eng's 
and Mech's, . First Lt., Nov. 3, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

BORDEN, BAKER, Grand Rapids. Capt. 3d Infy, May 13, 1861. Resigned July 29, 

1861. for disaliility. Capt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 12, 1861. Resigned Feb. 14,. 

1862, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 779- 

BORDEN, "WILLIAM H., Ionia. Entered service Aug. 10, 1861, as Serff't Comp'y B, 
IGtli lufy. Second Lt.. Nov. 8, 1862. Killed in action at Gettysburg, Ta., July 2, 
1863. 

BORDEN, JOHN S., Linden. Entered service Ang. 16, 1862. Serg't Comp'y G. 5th 
Cav., , Second Lt., Ap'l 14, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged June 22, 1865. 

BORGMAN, MARTIN V., Detroit. Second Lt. 16th Infy, July 16, 1862. First Lt., 
Nov. 8, 1862. Wounded in action at Gettysburg, July 2, 1863. Resigned June 21, 

1864, and honorably discharged. 

BOSH AW, JOHN, St. Clair. Entered service Aug. 28, 1801. Serg't Comp'y G, 5th Infy, 

. Second Lt., Oct. 9, 18C4. First Lt., Jan. 23, 1865. Mustered out July 5, 1865', 

and honorably discharged. 

BOSTWICK, WILLARD S., Niles. Entered service Mar. 25, 1862. Drum Maj. 12th 
Infy, . Capt., July 1, 1863. Mustered out Feb. 15, 18G6, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

BOSENBARK, JOHN, Hillsdale. Capt. 11th Infy, Mar. 1, 1865. Resigned May 31, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

BOTHAM, THOMAS H., St. Joseph. Capt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. Resigned June 18, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

BOTSFORD, EDWIN A., Fenton. Second Lt. 10th Cav., July 25, 1863. Resigned Feb. 
14, 1865; cause, disability, and honorably discharged. 

BOUGHTON, JAMES C, St. Joseph. Second Lt. 7th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862. Wounded in 
action at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19, 1864. Resigned June 26, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

BOUGHTON, FERDINAND, Albion. Entered service Aug. 27, 1861, as Corp'l Comp'y 
A, 1st Eng's and Mech's. Second Lt., Dec. 25, 1862. First Lt., Jan. 1, 1864. Capt.", 
Nov, 3, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BOUGHTON, JOHN C, Constantine. Entered service IMay 25, 1861. Com. Serg't 2d 
Infy, . Capt., Oct. 6, 1864. Evt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 25. 1SC5, " for conspic- 
uous gallantry in the assault on Fort Steadman, Va." Maj., Ap'l 25, 1865. Lt. Col., 
Ap'l 17, 1865. Mustered out as Maj., July 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BOUGHTON, ORLANDO B., Burr Oak. Entered sen'ice Feb. 4, 1862. Serg't Comp'y 

A, 15th Infy, . Second Lt., Aug. 6, 1864. First Lt., Nov. 1, 1864. Capt., June 

6, 1665. Mustered out Aug. 13, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BOUTELLE, HENRY S., Pittsfield. Entered service Aug. 11, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y B, 
4l1i Cav. Second Lt., Juno 1, 1864. Wounded in action at Roswell, Ga., Sej)l. 26, 
1864. First Lt., Jan. 8, 1865. Wounded at the capture of Jeff. Davis, May 10, 1865. 
Bvt. Capt., Mav 10, 1865, "for meritorious service in the capture of Jeff. Davis." 
Mustered out July 1, 1865, and honorably discharged, 

BOURNS, JOHN H., Tuscola. Entered service Ap'l 2, 1863. Serg't Comp'v C, 27th 

Infy, . First Lt. 2d Inf'v, Ap'l 1, 1864. Capt., June 6, 1864. Wounded in action 

July 30, 1864. Honorably discharged for disability, Dec. 12, lb64. 

BOVEE, ANDREW J., . Entered service Mar. 1, 1862. Serg't Comp'y K, 16th 

Infy, . S(!cond Lt., July 7, 1865. Not mustered as an oflicer. Honorably dis- 
charged July 8, 1865. 

BOWEN, GEORGE, Addison. Entered service Sept. 7, 1861. Serg't Comp'y F, 2d Cav., 

. Second Lt., Mar. 1, 1864. First Lt., Ap'l 10, 1864. Resigned as Second Lt., 

Nov. 19, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

BOWEN, WARREN, Hillsdale. Entered service Sept. 16, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 2d 

Cav., . Second Lt., Dec. 31, 1864. First Lt., July 31, 1865. Not mustered usan 

officer. Honorably discharged Aug. 17, 1865. 

BOWKN, HENRY, Adrian. Capt. 11th Cav., Aug. 1, 1863. Transf.nred to 8th Cav. on 
consolidation, July 20, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 



780 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

BOWEN, ADNA H., Monroe. Entered service June 20, 1861, as Corp'l Comp'y A, 4th 
Inf'y. Second Lt. 15th Infy, Jan. 31, 1862. First Lt., Oct. 1, 1862. Resigned Mar. 
30, 1863. Capt. 11th Cav., Aug. 1, 1863. Promoted and transferred as Maj. 6th U. 
S. Col'd Troops, Oct. 21, 1864. No further record. 

BOWEN, JEEOME, Quincy. First Lt. 11th Inf'y, Aug. 24, 1861. Resigned Nov. 26, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

BOWERS, WALTER, Lyons. First Lt. 22d Inf'y, July 31, 1862. Resigned July 8, 1863, 
and honorably discharged. 

BOWKER, GEORGE W., Coldwater. First Lt. 28th Inf'y, Aug. 15, 1864. Capt., Ap'l 
11, 1865. Mustered out June 5, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

BOWLES, VINCENT H., Detroit. Entered service Ap'l 13, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y L, 
7th Cav. Second Lt., May 24, 1865. Mustered out Dec. 15, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

BOWLSBY, GEORGE W., Monroe. Capt. 15th Inf'y, Jan. 1, 1862. Resigned Ap'l 18, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

BOYCE, CHARLES, Detroit. Entered service July 16, 1861. Serg't Comp'y H, 1st 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., May 30, 1865. First Lt., July 15, 1865. Not mustered as 

an officer. Mustered out to date July 9, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BOYD, STEWART A., Brighton. Entered service Aug. 27, 1861. Serg't Comp'y C, 5th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 10, 1864. First Lt., Oct. 11, 1864. Died of wounds 

received in action Oct. 27, 1864, before muster as First Lt. 

BOYDEN, JESSE S., Flint. Chap, 10th Infy, Ap'l 10, 1862, Resigned Aug, 31, 1862, 
and honorably discharged. 

BOYDEN, WILLIAM, Muir. Second Lt, 3d Inf'y, July 29, 1864, Resigned July 8, 1865, 
and honorably discharged, 

BOYLAN, JAMES, Genoa, Entered service Aug. 27, 1861, Serg't Comp'y C, 5th Inf'y, 

. Second Lt,, May 8, 1865. Nor mustered as an officer. Honorably discharged 

July 5, 1865. 

BOYLE, SAMUEL W., St. Joseph, Entered service Oct. 1, 1861. Serg't Comp'y L, 3d 

Cav., . Second Lt., Nov. 1, 1864. First Lt., Oct. 17, 1865. Mustered out as 

Second Lt., Feb. 12, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

BOYNTON, NATHAN S., Cottrellville. Entered service Nov. 20, 1862, as Pvt. Comp'y 
C, 8th Cav, First Lt., to rank from Nov. 1, 1862, Capt., Ap'l 16, 1864. Maj., Jan, 

8, 1865. Mustered out July 20, 1865, on consohdation with 11th Cav,, and honorably 
discharged, 

BOYNTON, JEREMIAH W., Grand Rapids. Entered sei-vice Aug. 29, 1862, as Serg't 
Comp'y H, 6th Cav. Second Lt. 10th Cav,, July 25, 1863, Resigned Dec. 12, 1863, 
and honorably discharged. 

BRACE, PARSONS H., Redford, Entered service Sept. 16. 1863, as Serg't Comp'y B, 
10th Cav. Second Lt., Sept, 30, 1865, Mustered out Nov. 11, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

BRADEN, JOHN, Detroit. Entered service Sept. 11, 1861. Serg't Comp'y C, 5th Inf'y, 

. Second Lt., Dec. 14, 1862. First Lt., June 24, 1863, Mustered out Oct, 8, 

1864, and honorably discharged. 

BRADFORD, GEORGE W., Monroe, Entered Service June 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
A, 4th Inf'y. Second Lt., Sept. 13, 1862. Mustered out June 30, 1864, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

BRADISH, DARIUS C, Flint. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y K, 1st 
(3 months) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Second Lt. 1st Inf'y, Aug. 22, 1861. 
First Lt., July 14, 1862. Capt., Aug. 30, 1862. Wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 
1863. Kiiled"in action, Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864. 

BRADLEY, JAMES F., Chicago, III. Capt. 1st Mich., or 102d U. S. Col'd Troops, Dec. 

9, 1803. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 781 

BRADLEY, JAMES, Flint. Entered service May 25, 1801. Q. M. Serg't 2d Inf'y, . 

Second Lt., Sept. 1, 1862. First Lt., Dec. 7, 18G2. Capt., Aug. 22, 1863. Died July 
26, 1864, of wounds received in action near Petersburg, June 17, 1864. 

BRADLEY, THOMAS C, Three Oaks. First Lt. 12th Inf'y, Oct. 10, 1861. Wounded in 
action at Shiloh, April 6, 1862. Resigned Oct. 15, 1862, "and honorably discharged. 

BRADLEY WILLIAM F., Adrian. Entored seiTico Mar. 10, 1862, as Pvt. Comp'v G, 
4th Inf'y. First Lt. and Adj., July 26, 1864. Bvt. Capt. and Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 
13, 1865, "for meritorious service during the vrar." Mustered out May 26, 1866, and 
honorably discharged. 

BRADY, THOMAS M., Grand Rapids. Chap. 15th Inf'y, Jan. 1, 1862. Mustered out 
Aug. 13, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BRADY, THOMAS M., Detroit. Capt. 15th Inf'y, Jan. 1, 1862. Resigned Sept. 17, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

BRAGG, DANIEL, Deerfield. Entered service Jan. 12, 1862. Serg't Comp'y H, 15th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 6, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 13, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

BRAINERD, JAMES B., Eaton Rapids. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861, as Serg't 
Comp'y H, 6th Inf'y. Second Lt., Sept, 1, 1862. Died at New Orleans, La., June 3, 
1864. 

BRAINERD, WILLIAM D., Eaton Rapids. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861, as Serg't 
Comp'v H, 6th Inf'v. First Lt., July 21, 1864. Not mustered as an ollicer. Honor- 
ably discharged Aug. 23, 1864, 

BRANCH, JOHN, Forest. Second Lt. 29th Inf., July 29, 1864. Resigned Jan. 24, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

BRANCH, THOMAS, Flint. Entered service Nov. 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'v I, Idth 
Inf y. Second Lt., Mar. 31, 1863. Mustered out Feb, 6, 1865, and honorably dis- 
cliarged. 

BRAND, CHARLES R., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 15, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y G, 
9lh Inf'y. Second Lt. Aug. 7, 1863. First Lt., Oct. 15, 1864. Mustorcd out Sept, 
15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BRASS, SAMUEL L., Ovid, Entered service Aug. 12, 1861. Q. M. Serg't 1st Cav., 
. First Lt., Ap'l 11, 1865. Mustered out Mar. 10, 1866, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

BREAKEY, WILLIAM F,, Ann Arbor. Ass't Surg. 16th Inf'y, June 18, 1862. Resigned 
Ap'l 18, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

BRETDENBACH, HENRY, Lexington. First Lt. 22d Inf'y, July 31, 1862. Capt., June 
7, 1864. Mustered out June 26, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

BRENNAN, JOHN W., Detroit Entered service Oct. 6, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y G, 27th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., May 25, 1863. First Lt, Ap'l 20, 1804. Killed in action before 
Petersburg, Va., June 18, 1864. 

BRENNAN, SIMON. Georgetown. Entered service June 10. 1861, as Serg't Comp'y I, 
3d Inf'y. Second Lt, Aug. 1, 1861. First Lt., Oct 28, 1861. Wounded in action at 
Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, 1862. Wounded at Grovetown, Va., Aug. 29, 1862. Capt, 
Sept. 1, 1862. Taken prisoner at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864. Exchanged Mar. — , 
1865. Transferred to 5th Inf'y, June 10, 1864. Honorably discharged May 15, 1865. 

BRETHSCHNEIDER, ROBERT, Niles. Capt. 2d Inf'y, April 25, 1861. Resigned Dec. 
14, 1861. Capt. 12tli Inf'y, to rank from Oct. 10, 1861. Resigned Sept 3, 1862, and 

honorably discharged. 

BREVOORT, WILLIAM M., Detroit. First Lt. and Adjt. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. 
Wounded and taken prisoner at Winchester, Va., May 25, 1862. Exchanged Nov. 5, 
1862. Capt., May 1, 1863. Killed in action at Cold Harbor, Va., June 1, 1864. 

BREWER, BYRON, . First Lt. Comp'y C, 1st U. S. S. S., Aug. 31, 1862. KUled In 

action at Chancellorsville, Va., May 3, 1863. 



782 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 

BREWER, LASEL C, Owosso. Entered sei-vice Dec. 2, 1861, as Corp'l Comp'y E, 14th 
Iiil'y. Mustered out Mar. 14, 1865. First Lt. 30th Inf'y, to rank from Nov. 28, 1864. 
Mustered out June 17, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BREWER, MELVIN, Almont. Capt. 1st Cav., A\ig. 22, 1861. Maj., Jan. 1, 1863. Lt. 
Col. 7th Cav., June 6, 1864. Not mustered. Wounded in action at Trevillian Sta- 
tion, Va., June 11, 1864. Died Sept. 25, 1864, of wounds received in action at Win- 
chester, Va., Sept. 19, 1864. 

BREWER, EMORY L., Owosso. Entered service Aug. 30, 1862. Serg't Comp'y K, 5th 

Cav., . Second Lt., Feb. 27, 1864. Wounded in action at Hawes's Shop, Va., 

May 28, 1864. Honorably discharged for disability Oct. 8, 1864. 

BREWSTER, GEORGE H., Wright. Entered service Aug. 6, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y F, 
18th Inf'y. Second Lt., Aug. 1, 1863. First Lt., Mar. 21, 1865. Mustered out June 
26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BRICKNER, CHARLES, Detroit. Entered service Sept. 1, 1861. Serg't Comp'y K, 5th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Oct. 9, 1864. clustered out July 5, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

BRIGGS, GEORGE G., Battle Creek. First Lt. 7th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862. Adjt., July 1, 
18G3. Taken prisoner at Buckland's Mills, Va., Oct. 19, 1863. Made his escape two 
days afterwards by running the rebel guard. Capt., Mar. 22, 1864. Maj., May 19, 
1864. Lt. Col., Oct. 12, 1864. Col. May 26, 1865. Mustered out Dec. 15, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

BRIGGS, THOMAS H., Schoolcraft. First Lt. 11th Inf'y, Aug. 24, 1861. Capt., Nov. 
14, 1862. Resigned Jan. 24, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

BRIGHAM, MARTIN V., Newport. Entered service Nov. 30, 1862. Serg't Maj. 8th 

Cav., . Second Lt., Jan. 8, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

BRIGHT, BENJAMIN D., Bowne. Entered service Aug. 11, 1862. Serg't Comp'y E, 
21st Inf'y, . First Lt., Aug. 26, 1864. Mustered out June 8, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

BRINK, GEORGE, Nankin. Entered service June 17, 1862. Sergt., Comp'y K, 17th 
Inf'y, . Second Lt., May 26, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged June 3, 1865. 

BRISCOE, BENJAMIN F., Caledonia. First Lt. 23d Inf'y, Aug. 1, 1862. Capt., Feb. 24, 
1864. Mustered out Jan. 8, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

BRISTOL, JACOB, Detroit. Second Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. First Lt., Ap'l 1, 1863. 
Honorably discharged July 27, 1864. Bvt. Capt. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for 
gallant and meritorious service during the war." 

BRISTOL, GEORGE S., Niles. First Lt. and Q. M. 12th Inf'y, Feb. 10, 1862. Resigned 
June 14, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

BRISTOL, SMITH H., Parma. Ass't Surg. 13th Inf'y, Sept. 1, 1862. Resigned Dec. 16, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

BRITTON, JOHN, Ridgeway. Entered service Aug. 12, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y F, 26th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Nov. 22, 1864. First Lt., June 9, 1865. Mustered out as Second 
Lt., June*4, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BROADWELL, ELIAS H., Kalamazoo. First Lt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 2, 1861. 
Capt., Jan 1, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 26. 1864. and honorably discharged. 

BROADWELL, BENJAMIN F., Comstock. Second Lt. 13th Inf'y, Oct. 3, 1861. Fh^t 
Lt., Sept. 17, 1862. Resigned as Second Lt. Sept. 15, 1862, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

BROCKWAY, WM. H., Plymouth. Chap. 16th Inf'y, Sept. 16, 1861. Resigned Nov. 17, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 783 

BEOCKWAY, SOLOMON P., Plymouth. Capt. 16th Infv, Aup. 9, 1861. Maj. 9th Cav., 
Nov. 3, 1862. Bvt. Lt. Col., Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant service at the battles of 
Jonesboro, Bean's Station, and Danbridge, Tenn., and Sister's Ferry, Ga., and for 
meritorious service during the war." Lt. Col., June 27, 1865. Mustered out as Maj. 
July 21, 1865, and honorably discliarged. 

BEODHEAD, THORNTON F., Grosse Isle. First Lt. 15th U. S. Infy, April 9, 1847. 
Bvt. Capt., Aug. 20, 1847, "for gallant and nicritDrioiis conduct at Contreras and 
Churubusco." < apt., Dec. 2, 1847. Disbanded July 31, 1848. Col. 1st Cav., Aug. 
22, 1861. Died Sept. 2, 1862, on the battle field, of wounds received in action at Bull 
Run, Va., Aug. 30, 1862. Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's to date, Aug. 30, 1862, 

BRODHEAD, FRANCIS D., Detroit. First Lt. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Resigned June 
6, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

BRODIE, WILLIAM, Detroit. Surg. 1st (3 months) Infy, May 1, 1861. Mustered out 
Aug. 7, 1861, and honorably discharged. 

BROGLE, FRANTZ, Detroit. Second Lt. 2d Infy, Sept. 22, 1861. Resigned May 4, 

1862, and honorably discharged. 

BROOKS, ALFRED, Kalamazoo. Capt. 17th Infy, June 17, 1862. Resigned Aug. 4, 

1863, and honorably discharged. 

BROOKS, CHARLES, Ann Arbor. Entered service Aug. 21, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y K, 
5th Cav. Second Lt., May 17, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged June 23, 1865. 

BROOKS, EDWIN J., Leelanaw. First Lt. 10th Cav., July 25, 1863. Capt., Ap'125, 1864. 
Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallantry in action at Strawberry Plains, 
East Tenn., Nov. 17, 1864." Bvt. Lt. Col. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallantand 
meritorious conduct through four years of active service." Mustered out Nov. 11, 
1865, and honorably discharged, 

BROOKS, GEORGE H., Orangeville. Entered service Mar. 16, 1863, as Corp'l Batt. L, 
1st Light Art. First Lt. 30th Infy, Nov. 28, 1864. Mustered out June 24, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

BROOKS, ISAAC J., Maple Grove. Entered service Sept. 2, 1864, as Serg't Comp'y B, 
28th Infy. Second Lt., Dec. 20, 1865, Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged June 5, 1866. 

BROOKS, JOHN A., Newaygo. Battalion Q, M. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. Mustered out 
June 1, 1862, and honorably discharged, 

BROOKS, ODNEY D., Musliegon, Asst. Surg, 26th Infy, Sept. 7, 1862. Resigned Ap'l 
26, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

BROPHY, JOHN C, Detroit, Second Lt. 27th Infy, Nov. 20, 1863. Wounded In action 
at Bethesda Church, Va., June 3, 1864. First Lt., June 4, 1864. Resigned May 11, 
1865, and honorably discharged, 

BROSS, HERMAN, Canandaigua. Second Lt. 18th Infy, July 27, 1862, Resigned Mar. 
5, 1803, and honorably discharged. 

BROWN, CALEB E., Jackson. Second Lt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. Resigned May 15, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

BROWN, CHARLES H.. Kalamazoo. First Lt. and Adjt. 25th Infy, Aug. 27, 1862. 
Resigned June 16, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

BROWN, CHARLES J., Battle Creek. Second Lt. 20th Infy, July 29, 1862. Died Jan, 
29, 1863, of disease, at Fredericksburg, Va. 

BROWN, CHARLES S., Flint. Entered service Mar. 28, 1864, as Vvt. Comp'y K. 2l8t 
Infy. First Lt. and Adjt., Sept. 1, 1864. Mustered out June 8, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

BROWN, BUTLER, Adrian. Second Lt, 16th Infy, Aug. 9, 1861. First Lt., Sept. 28, 
1862. KiUed in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863. 



784 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 

BEOWN, DAEIUS, Berrien. Oapt. 12th Inf'y., Oct. 10, 1861. Mustered out Jan. 7, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

BEOWN, HAZEN W., Constantino. Capt. 19th Inf'y, July 28, 1862. Eesigned Jan. 31, 
1863, and honorably discharged. 

BEOWN, HENEY J., . Chap. 17th Inf'y, Sept. 4, 1862. Eesigned and honorably 

discharged, date unknown. 

BEOWN, HENEY M., St. Joseph. First. Lt., 19th Inf'y, July 28, 1862. Adjt., May 1, 
1863. Wounded in action May 15, 1864. Eesigned Oct. 4, 1864, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

BEOWN, HIEAM L., St. Joseph. Entered service Nov. 1, 1861. Q. M. Serg't 12th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 7, 1865. Mustered out Feb. 15, 1866, and honorably 

discharged. 

BEOWN, JOHN J., Lapeer. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y G, 7th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., July 9, 1862. First Lt., May 12, 1863. Died at Alexandria, Va., 
Oct. 2, 1863, of wounds received on picket, Sept. 18, 1863. 

BEOWN, LAFAYETTE N., Lexington. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 

A, 7th Inf'y, . First Lt., May 24, 1864. Wounded in action Ap'l 8, 1865. Hon- 

orobiy discharged Oct. 5, 1865. 

BEOWN, LEVI, Dowagiac. Entered service Oct. 22, 1861. Serg't Comp'y E, 13th Inf'y, 
. Second Lt., Mar. 19, 1864. Eesigned Jan. — , 1865, and honorably discliarged. 

BEOWN, LOUIS, Howell. Second Lt., 22d Inf'y, July 31, 1862. First Lt., Jan. 5, 1863, 
Capt., April 1, 1865. Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BEOWN, NOAH, Hudson. First Lt., 4th Inf'y, July 26, 1864. Eesigned July 28, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

BEOWN, SIMEON B., St. Clair. Maj., 6th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862. Col. 11th Cav., Aug. 
14, 1863. Bvt. Brig. Gen., U. S. Vol's, Jan. 31, 1865, "for meritorious conduct at the 
battle of Marion, Va." Eesigned June 11', 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BEOWN, THOMAS F., Grandville. Entered service Sept., 9, 1861. Serg't Comp'y' C, 

2d Cav., . Second Lt., July 31, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably 

discharged Aug. 17, 1865. 

BEOWN, WILLIAM H., Coldwater. Entered service Oct. 15, 1861. Serg't Batt. F, 1st 

Light Art., . Second Lt., Dec. 5, 1862. Eesigned Mar. 15, 1864, and honorably 

discharged. 

BEOWN, WILLIAM, Eonald. Entered service Nov. 28, 1861. Serg't Comp'y F, 13th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Mar. 19, 1864. First Lt., Aug. 26, 1864. Mustered out 

July 25, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BEOWN, WILLIAM A., Ann Arbor. Second Lt., 8th Inf'y, Aug. 12, 1861. First Lt., 
Jan. 9, 1862. Died Sept. — , 1862, of wounds received at Chantilly, Va., Sept. 1, 1862. 

BEOWN, WILLIAM C, Monroe. Entered service June 20, 1861. Serg't Maj. 4th Inf'y, 

. Second Lt., Jan. 1, 1862. First Lt., Sept. 13, 1862. Wounded at Gettysburg, 

Pa., July 2, 1863. Mustered out June 30, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

BEOWNELL, WILLIAM, Utica. Ass't Surg. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. Surg., Oct. 20, 
1862. Mustered out Nov. 3, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

BEOWNELL, SEYMOUE, Utica. Battalion Q. M. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. Mustered 
out June 1, 1862. Captain and Ass't Com. of Subs. U. S. Vol's, Oct. 28, 1862. 
Eesigned Oct. 15, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

BEOWNELL, BENJAMIN, Nilos. Second Lt., Comp'y K, 1st Mich. Vol's, Mexican War, 

Oct. 30, 1847. Mustered out, . First Lt., 2d inf., Ap'l 25, 1861. Capt., Dec. 14, 

1861. Eesigned Aug. 30, 1862, and honorably discliarged. 

BROWNSON, SAMUEL N., Pontiac. Entered service Aug. 14, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
A, 5th Cav. Second Lt., Ap'l 14, 1865. First Lt., Ap'l 17, 1865. Not mustered as an 
officer. Honorably discharged June 8, 1865. 






MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 785 

BRUNSCHWEILER, GEO. L., Ea^le Harbor. Surg. 12th Infy, Dec. 13, 1861. Resigned 
Ap'l 24, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

BRYAN, RODERICK L., Franklin. Capt. 10th Cav., July 25, 1863. Resigned for disa- 
bility, Mar. 28, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

BRYAN, S.VMUEL T., FrankUn. Second Lt. 10th Cav., July 25, 1863. First Lt., Jan. 
22, 18(54. Capt., Ap'l 1, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 11, 1805, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

BRYAN, EDWARD, Kalamazoo. Entered service May 25, 1861. Serg't Comp'y I, 2d 
Inf'v, . Second Lt., July 22, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged July 28, 1865. 

BRYANT, EMERY D., Muskegon. Capt. 3d Inf'y, May 13, 1861. Discharged for disa,- 
bility, Oct. 11, 1862. First Lt. 1st Mich., or 102d U. S. Col'd Inf'y, Jan. 20, 1864. 
Capt., May 6, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 30, 18G5, and honorably discharged. 

BRYANT, STEPHEN 0., Bedford. Entered service Aug. 5, 1862. Serg't Comp'y C, 20th 
Inf'y, . Second Lt., May 17, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged May 30, 1865. 

BRYANT, VELORUS A., Oshtemo. Entered service Aug. 7, 1862. Serg't Comp'v H, 

25th Inf'y, . Second Lt., Nov. 1, 1864. First Lt., Feb. 24, 1865. Mustered out 

June 24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BRYCE, WILLIAM A., Bay City. First Lt. and Q. M. 29th Infy, July 29, 1864. Mus- 
tered out Sept. 6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BUCHANAN, GEORGE, Port Huron. Entered service Sept. 2, ISfil. as Serg't Comp'y 
K, 2d Cav. First Lt., Ap'l 9. 1864. Mustered out Aug. 17, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

BUCHANAN, W. JESSE, Detroit. First Lt. 3d Cav., July 1, 1862. Adjt., Sept. 15, 
1862. Capt., Nov, 17, 1864. Declined promotion. On detached service at muster 
out of regiment 

BUCHANAN, JOHN C, Grand Rapids. First Lt. 8th Inf'y, Aug. 12, IR^.l. Capt., Sept. 
1, 1862. Wounded in action at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862. Resigned May 3, 1864, 
and honorably discharged. 

BUCK, NATHAN V., Alleiran. Entered service kvs. 28. 1861. Serg't Comp'v A, 3d Cav., 

. Second Lt., Sept. 13, 1864. First Lt., Oct. 26, 1864. Resigned June 2, 1865, 

and honorably discharged. 

BUCK, R. M., Lafavette. Entered service Aiis. 6, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y C. 4th Cav. 
Second Lt., Feb. 17, 1863. First Lt., Feb. 25, 1864. Capt., Jan. 8, 1865. Mustered 
out July 1, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BUCK, ANDREW N.. Grand Rapids. Entered service Nov. 22, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
F, 7th Cav. Second Lt., May 24. 1865. First Lt., to rank from May i;l. 1864. Not 
mustered as First Lt. Transferred to 1st Cav., Nov. 17, 1865. Mustered out Mar. 
10, 1866, and honorably' discharged. 

BUCK, WILLIAM L., Marshall. Capt. 8(h Cav , Nov. 1, 1862. Wounded in action near 
Philadelphia, Tenn., Oct. 26, 1863. Maj., Ap'l 16, 1864. Taken prisoner near Athens, 
Ga., Aug. 3, 1864. Exchanged Sept. 28. 1864. Wounded in action at Henrvville, 
Tenn., Nov. 23, 1864. Lt.'^ Col., Dec. 31, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1866. and 
honorably discharged. 

BUCK. DARWIN D., Battle Creek. Capt. 11th Cav., Aug. 1, 1863. Maj , Oct. 4, 1804. 
Transferred to 8th Cav. on consolidation, July 20, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 22, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

BUCK, FREDERICK, Marshall. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y E, 6th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Sept. 1, 1863. First Lt., July 20, 1864. Mustered out Aug. 20, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

BUCK, HORACE M., OnoTidaga. Entered service Oct. 25, 1861, as Serg't Comp'v F, 13th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Nov. 12. 1862. First Lt., Feb. 2. 1863. Capt., Aug. 26, 18<>4. 
Mustered out July 25, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

99 



786 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

BUCKBEE, EDWIN J., Ypsilanti. First Lt. and Adjt. 1st S. S., Jan. 1, 1863. Taken 

prisoner near Petersbura:, Va., June 17, 1864. Escaped, . Maj. Ap'l 11, 1865. 

Bvt. Lt. Col. U. S. Vol's, Ap'l 2,1865, " Tor meritorious service before Petersburg, 
Va. " Mustered out July 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BUCKLIN, ANDREW J., Niles. Entered service Dec. 27, 1863. Sers't Comp'y E, 24th 
Inf'y, . Second Lt., Sept. 27, 1864. Resigned May 3, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

BUCKINGHAM, GEORGE W., Flint. First Lt. 23d Infy, Aug. 1, 1862. Capt., Feb. 13, 
1863. Wounded in action at Campbell's Station, Tenn., Nov. 16, 1863. Resigned 
Sept. 29, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

BUDDINGTON, E. DARWIN, Grand Rapids. Entered service Aug. 26, 1861, as Serg't 
Comp'y D, 2d Cav. Second Lt., Ap'l 24, 1862. First Lt., Jan. 1, 1863. Capt., Mar. 
1, 1864. Resigned Oct. 7, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

BUELOW, CHARLES H., Detroit. Entered service Oct. 27, 1862, as Serg't Batt. K, 1st 
Light Art. Second Lt., Mar. 8, 1864. Resigned for disability, July 21, 1864, and 
honorably discharged. 

BUGBEE, ORANGE, Homer. First Lt. 25th Inf'y, Aug. 10, 1862. Honorably discharged 
for disability, April 27, 1864. 

BUHL, FREDERICK A., Detroit. Second Lt. 24th Inf'y, Julv 26, 1862. First Lt., Dec. 
13, 1862. Wounded in action at Gettysburg July 1, 1863. Capt. 1st Cav., Nov. 10, 
1863. Died Sept. 15, 1864, of wounds received in action at Shepardstown, Va., Aug. 
25, 1864. 

BULLIS, GEORGE W., Johnstown. First Lt. 20th Inf'y, July 29, 1862. Capt., Nov. 28, 
1863. Honorably discharged for disability Aug. 10, 1864. 

BULLOCK, GEORGE W., Fayette. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Corp'l Comp'y B, 
1st (3 months) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Capt. 18th Inf'y, July 27, 1862. 
Resigned Mar. 27, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BULLOCK, JOSEPH H.,' Detroit. Entered service Aug. 24, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y E, 1st 
Cav, First Lt. and Coin., Nov. 1, 1862. Wounded in action Jane 12, 1864. Honor- 
ably discharged Aug. 30, 1864. 

BUMP, ORRIN, Flint. Entered service Aug. 8, 1861. Serg't Maj. 8th Inf'y, . Sec- 
ond Lt., Mar. 27, 1863. First Lt., April 20, 1864. Wounded in action at Spotlsvl- 
vania, Va. May — , 1864. Adjt., July 5, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 18, 1864, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

BUNCE, ED. F., Port Huron. Second Lt. 10th Inf'y, Oct. 1, 1861. Resigned June 20, 

1862, and honorably discharged. 

BUNNELL, ALFRED S., Lyons. Entered service Sept. 5, 1861. Com. Serg't 9th Inf'y, 

. Second Lt., Nov. 16, 1864. First Lt., Mar, 14, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 15, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

BUNNELL, HIRAM, Portsmouth. First Lt. 29th Inf'y, July 29, 1864. Capt., July 13, 
1865. Mustered out as First Lt., Sept. 6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BUNNELL, MYRON, Goodrich. Capt. 10th Inf'y, Oct. 1, 1861. Resigned Nov. 18, 1862, 
and honorably dis(^harged. 

BUNT, JAMES G., Hillsdnle. Second Lt. 18th Inf'y, July 27, 1862. First Lt., Jan. 16, 

1863. Resigned Mar. 1, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

BUNTING, JAMES W., St. Clair. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y G, 
5th inf'y. Second Lt., Sept. 17, 1862. Honorably discliarged for dieabilitv Mar. 8, 
1863. 

BURCH, HOSEA, Tliree Rivers. First Lt. 28th Inf'y, Aug. 15, 1864. Resigned June 14, 
1865, and honor.ibly discharged. 

BURCH, STEPHEN B.. Pinckney. Capt. 26th Inf'y, Sept. 1, 1862. Honorably dis- 
charged lor disability Ap'l 15, 1864. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 787 

BURCH, WELLINGTON W., Ann Arbor. First Lt. 26th Infv, Sept. 1, 1862. Died of 
disease Feb. 7, 1863. 

BURCH, LAWRENCE D., Ann Arbor. Second Lt. 26th Inf'y, Sept. 1, 1862. First Lt., 
Ap'l 13, 186-i. Honorably discharged for disability Jan 2, 1865. 

BURCHELL, GEORGE W., Detroit. Second Lt., 24th Inf'y, July 26, 1862. First Lt., 
xMar. lU, lb63. Wounded in action at Fitzhugh Crossing, Va., Ap'l 29, 1863. Capt., 
Nov. 21, 18(13. Wounded in action at Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864. Resigned 
Jan. 21, lbiH5, and honorably dischaiged. 

BURCHARD, HEZEKIAH E., Ovid. Entered service May 28, 1861. Serg't Batt. A, 1st 

Liiiht Art., . Second Lt., Sept. 5, 1864. First Lt., Mar. 6, 1865. Mustered out 

July 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BURD, GEORGE A., Ann Arbor. Entered service Sept. 14, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 3d 
Cav.. . Second Lt., July 4, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged Nov. 3, 1865. 

BURDICK, JAMES H., Coldwater. Second Lt., Batt. G, 1st Light Art., Oct. 3, 1861. 
First Lt., -une 6, 1862. Capt., Sept. 1, 1863. ■ Mustered out Jan. 17, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

BURDICK, ELLIOTT M., Coldwater, Entered service Oct. 18, 1861. Sergt. Batt. Q, 

1st Litilit Art., . Second Lt., Ap'l ^9, 1884. Mustered out Aug. 6, 1865, and 

honorably discharged. 

BURGER, JOSEPH, Detroit. Entered service May 25, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y A. 2d 

Inf'y. Second Lt., . First Lt., Sept. 1, 1862. Rcfcigned May 15, 1863, and lion- 

orably discli;ngfd. 

BURGER, MATHEW B., Odessa. Second Lt. 11th Cav., Aug. 1, 1863. Wounded hi 
action at Saltville, Va., Oct. 2, 1864. Fii'st Lt., Jan. 30, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 10, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

BURGESS, WM. J., Parma. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861. Serg't Comp'y I, 6ih Inf'y, 
. Second Lt., Aug. 12. 1864. Mustered out Aug. 20, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

BURKE, RICHARD H., Berrien. Entered service Jan. 15, 1862. Serg't Maj. 12th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 10, 1865. Mustered out Feb. 15, 1866, aiw honorably 

discharged. 

BURNETT, HENRY S., Goodrich. Capt. 10th Inf'y, Oct. 1, 1861. Maj., Nov. 16, 1863. 
Killed in action at Jonesboro, Ga., Sept. 1, 1864. 

BURNHAM, ALLEN E., York. Capt. Hall's S. S., Sept. 13, 1864. Mustered out Mar. 

15. 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BURNHAM, HENRY, Port Huron. Entered service Sept. 19, 1864, as Serg't Comp'y K, 
3d lul'y. >econd Lt., Mar. 19, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged Sept. 25, 1865. 

BURNHAM, ALMOND B.* Deerlleld. Capt. 11th Inf'y Mar. 1, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 

16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BURLINGAME, W. L., Adrian. Second Lt., 2d Inf'y, Ap'l 25, 1861. First Lt.-, Sept. 
22, 1861. Resigned Nov. 7, 1861, and honorably discharged. 

BURNS, ROBERT, Lafayette. First Lt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 1862. Adjt., Dec. 18. 1862. 
Capt., Mar. 31. 1863. Maj., Dec, 11, 1864. Bvt. Lt. Col. U. S. Vol's, Ap'l 2, 1»65, 
" for gallant conduct duiiug the assault un the enemy's works at Seliua, Ala." Mus- 
tered out July 1, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BURNS, JEROME, Marshall. Entered service May 1, 1861. as Pvt. Comp'y I, 1st (3 
monthb) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. First Lt., Batt. E, 1st Light Art., Jan. 
1, 1862. Resigned June 9, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

BURNS, WILLIAM H., Detroit. Second Lt., 1st Comp'y S. S., ir.tii Inf'y, Jan. 16, 
1863. Fii-st Lt., Jan. 20, 1864. Wounded in action May 30, 1804. Mustered out Deo. 
1, 1864, and honorably discharged. 



788 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

BURB, FRANK, Grand Rapids. First Lt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 1862. Resigned Deo. 19^ 
1S62, and lionorably discharged. 

BURRFCTT, HENRY B., Pentwater. Entered service Sept. 4, 1861. Serg't Comp'y D, 

8tli lui'y, . First Lt., Jan. 8, 1865. "Wounded iu front of Petersburg, Va., Ap'l 

2, 1865. Capt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Not mustered as Capt. Died at Grand Rapids, Mich., 
May 24, 1865, of wounds received in action at Petersburg, Va., Ap'l 2, 1865. 

BURRITT, WALTER, Coldwater. Second Lt., 8th Cav., Nov. 1, 1862. Resigned Jan. 
4, 2864, and honorably dibcharged. 

BURRITT, ELY E., Ionia. Second Lt., 21st Inf'y, July 30, 1862. Wounded in action 
at Perrvville, Ky., Oct. 8, 1862. Wounded and taken prisoner in action at Stone 
River, Tenn., Dec. 31, 1862. Paroled May — , 1863. First Lt., Jan, 13, 1863. 
Resigned OcL. 15, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

BURROWS, JULIUS C, Kalamazoo. Capt. 17th Inf'y, June 17, 1862. Eesigned Oct. 
19, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

BURTON, HENRY M,, Coldwater. Entered service Nov. 27. 1862. Serg't Comp'y M, 
8th Cav., . Second Lt., May 2, 1664. Resigned May 17, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

BURTON, WILLIAM S., South Haiven Maj. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. Recomraissioned 
Maj. 3d Cav., Oct. 18, 1864. Resigned Dec. 2, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

BUSCH, JOHN G., Sacfinaw. Entered service May 25, 1861. Com. Serg't 2d Inf'y, 

. Second Lt., Feb. 24, 1863. First Lt., May 25, 1864. Killed in action near 

Petersburg, Va., July 30, 1864. 

BUSH, CHARLES R., Lansing. Second Lt. 14th Inf'y, Nov. 18, 1861. Resigned June 
21, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

BUSH, ALEXANDER, Superior. Entered service Aug. 11, 1862. Serg't Comp'y F, 20th 

Ini'y, . First Lt., June 19, 1864. Capt., Ap'l 18, 1865. Mustered out as First 

Lt., May 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BUTLER, JAMES G., Allegan. Entered service Sept. 2, 1861. Com. Serg't 3d Cav., 

. Second Lt.. May 25, 1862. First Lt. and Q. M., Sept. 15, 1S62. Capt., Sept. 

7, 1864. •Maj., July 4. 1865. Mustered out Feb. 12, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

BUTLER, WILLIAM, Niles. Entered service Dec. 16, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y L, 9th 
Cav. Second Lt., Mar. 12, 1864. Not mustered as an officer. Died of wounds Sept. 
7, 1864. 

BUTLER, WILLIAM H,, Buffalo, N, Y., Ass't Surg. 16th Inf'y, Aug. 19, 1861. Resigned 
June 17, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

BUTLER, HENRY, Coldwater. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y C, 1st (3 
months) Iiify. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Reentered service July 28, 1862, as 
Serg't Comp'y C, 19th Inf'y. Soooiid Lt., June 15, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. 
Honorably discharged June 10, 1865. * 

BUTTERWORTH, EBEN, Coldwater. Capt. 1st (3 months) Inf'y, May 1, 1861. Wounded 
and taken prisoner at Bull Run, Va., July 21, 1861. Died in rebel hospital at Char- 
lottesville, Va., Aug. 17, 1861, of wounds received in action, 

BUTTON, GEO. W.. FMrnMnglon. Entered service Aug. 11, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y A, 
2'2d Inf'v. Second Lt., Jiin. 31. 1863. Wounded and taken prisoner at Chickamauga, 
Tenn. Sept, 20, 1863, PaioJed Mar, 1, 1865. First Lt., May 17, 1865. Mustered out 
as Second Lt. June 26, 1665, and honorably discharged, 

BU'J'TON, AMOS A., Shelby. Entered service Aug, 28, 1861, Serg't Comp'y B, 5th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., May 8, 1865, Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dls- 

cliarged July 5, 1865. 

BYERLY, EDGAR P., Owosso. Entered service Aug, 13, 1802, as Pvt. Comp'y E, 4th 
Cav. First Lt. 10th Cav., July 25, 1863. Capt., Feb, 18, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 
11, 1865, and lionurably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 789 

BTINGTON, COIINELIUS, Battle Creek. Capt. 2d Inf'y, Ap'l 25. 1861. Maj., July 26, 
1862. Died Dec. 11, 1863, of wounds received in action at Knoxville, Tenn., Nov. 24, 
1863. 

BYRNES, WILLIAM, Burr Oak. Entered service Ap'l 19, 1861, as Musician Corap'y O, 
1st (3 nioutlis) Inf'y- Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Second Lt. 1st Inf'y, Ausj. 17, 

1861. First Lt., Ap'l 5, 1862. Capt., Sept. 23, 1862. Resigned Ap'l 24, 1863, and 
honorably discharged. 

CADMAN, JAMES P., Kalamazoo. Second Lt. 11th Cav. Aug. 1, 1863. First Lt., Nov. 
9, 1864. Capt., Jan. 21, 1865. Transferred to 8th Cav. on consolidation, July 20, 
1865. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CADY, WILLIAM L., Dayton. First Lt. 26th Inf'y, Sept. 1, 1862. Resigned Ap'l 9, 

1864, and honorably discharged. 

CAHILL, EDWARD, St. Johns. First Lt. 1st Mich., or 102d Col'd Infy, Jan. 19, 1864. 
Capt., Jan. 16, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CAHILL, LE ROY, Kalamazoo. Entered service Aug. 5, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y F, 19th 
Infy. .Second Lt., Nov. 24, 1862. Wounded in action Mar. 5, 1863. First Lt., Jan. 
23, 1864. Wounded in action May 25, 1864. Capt., Oct. 28, 1864. Mustered out 
June 10, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CAIRNS, JAMES R., Cambridge. First Lt. 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. Capt., Jan. 27, 1864. 
Honorably discharged for disabiUty Jan. 4, 1865. 

CALDWELL, DANIEL M., Pontiac. Second Lt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. First Lt., 
Mar. 1, 1802. Capt., June 19, 1862. Resigned Oct. 11, 1864, and honorably dial 
chaiged. 

CALIFF, OBED W., Muskegon. Second Lt. 3d Inf'y, July 29, 1864. Resigned May 19, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

CALKINS, ABRAM R., Allegan. Surg. 17th Inf'y, June 26, 1862. Resigned Oct. 14, 

1862, and honorably discharged. 

CALKINS, ALMERON E., Allegan. Second Lt. 8th Cav., Mar. 7, 1864. First Lt , May 
14, 1864. Capt., Jan. 8, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CALltlNS, CHARLES W., Grand Rapids. Entered service Sept. 26, 1861. Serg't Maj. 

1st Eng's and Mech's, . Second Lt., July 30, 1862. First Lt., Jan. 1, 1»64. 

Mustered out Oct. 26, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

CALKINS, DARIUS C, Lansing. Second Lt. Comp'y B, 2d U. S. S. S., Aug. 25, 1861. 

Ecbigned, . Capt. 20th Inf'y, July 29, 1862. Honorably discharged for disability 

Dec. 30, 1862. 

CALKINS, JEROME B., Holly. First Lt. 8th Cav., Nov. 1, 1862. Resigned May 14, 
1«64, and honorably discharged. 

CALKINS, JOHN J., Leslie. Second Lt. Batt. C, 1st Light Art., Jan. 21, 1864. First 
Lt., Dec. 18, 18Ci. Mustered out June 21, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CALLAHAN, JOHN J., Kalamazoo. Entered service Mav 25, 1861. Serg't Comp'y K, 

2.1 Iiify, . First Lt., June 6, 1865. Adjt., July '22, 1865. Bvt. Capt. and Maj. 

r. S. Vol's, Jliir. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service during the war. " 
Mustered out July 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CALLENDER, SIDNEY R., St. Joseph. Entered service Sept. 23, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y 
L, 3d Cav. Second Lt., Nov. 1, 1862. First Lt., Nov. 1, 1864. Honorably dla- 
charged June 6, 1865. 

CALMER, CHARLES H., St. Joseph. Second Lt. 19th Inf'y, July 28, 1862. Capt., May 
1, 1863. Killed in action at Resaca, Ga., May 15, 1S64. 

CAMBURN, THOMAS E., Adrian. Entered service Nov. 19, 1863. Sergt Mnj. 9th 

Cav., . Second Lt., Oct. 2, 1S64. Mustered out July 21, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 



790 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

CAMERON, ALEXANDER, Lansing. Entered service Aug. 4, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y G,. 
16th lufy. Wounded at Gaines' Mill, June 27, 1862. Second Lt., Ap'l 17, 1863. 
"Wounded in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863, with loss of right arm. Rt^signed 
Oct 28, 1863, for appointment in Vet. Reserve Corps, as Second Lt., to rank from 
Oct. 12, 1863. First Lt., Ap'l 8, 1865. Honorably discharged June 30, 1866. 

CAMPAU, JOHN B., Detroit. Entered service Feb, 15, 1862. Serg't Comp'y B, 15th 

Iiify^ . First Lt., March 30, 1865. Capt., June 6, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 13, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

CAMPBELL, ALLEN, Flint. Entered service Oct. 1, 1861. Q. M. Serg't 1st Eng's and 
Mech's, . Second Lt.. Nov. 23, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

CAMPBELL, ALEXANDER, Detroit. Entered service Oct. 1, 1861. Serg't Comp'y F, 

1st Eng's and Mech's, . Second Lt., Nov. 3, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, i865, 

and honorably discharged. 

CAMPBELL, ARCHIBALD P., Port Huron. Capt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. Col., July 1, 
1862. Honorably discharged for disabiUty, Sept. 29, 1864. 

CAMPBELL, GABRIEL, Ypsilanti. Capt, 17th Inf y, June 17, 1862, Honorably dis- 
charged for disability, Sept. 19, 1863. 

CAMPBELL, HENRY C, . First Lt. and Adjt. 15th Infy, June 6, 1865. Mustered 

out Aug. 13, 1865, and honorably discharged, 

CAMPBELL, JAMES, . Entered service Dec. 19, 1862. Serg't Comp'y K, 27th 

Infy^ . Second Lt. 2d Comp'y S. S., 27th Infy, Nov. 1, 1864. First Lt., Mar. 

21, 1865. Wounded in action at Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864. Mustered out July 
26, 18(35, and honorably discharged. 

CAMPBELL, JOHN L., Northville. Entered service Oct. 7, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y F, 
1st Eng's and JM(>ch's. Second Lt., Sept. 29, 1863. Mustered out Oct. 26, 1864, and 
honorably discharged. 

CAMPBELL, ROBERT, Hillsdale. First Lt. and Q. M. 4th Infy, Sept 1, 1862. Mus- 
tered out June 30, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

CAMPBELL, THOMAS, Goodrich. Entered service Sept. 7, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y I, 
8th Infy. Second Lt., Sept. 1, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 18, 1863. Killed in action near 
Petersburg, Va., June 17, 1864. 

CAMPBELL, WILLIAM C, Hillsdale. First Lt. 30th Infy, Nov. 28, 1864. Mustered 
out June 17, 1865, and honorably discharged, 

CAMPION, WILLIAM H., Allegan, Entered service Mar, 8, 1864, as Q. M. Serg't 3d 
Cav. Second Lt., Oct. 17, 1864. Fu'st Lt., Nov. 17, 1864. Mustered out Feb. 12, 
1866, and honorably discharged, 

CANFIELD, ALFRED E,, East Saginaw, Entered service June 2, 1862, as Serg't. 
Comp'y B, 17th Infy, Second Lt , Sept. 14, 1863. Killed in action at Spottsylvania, 
Va., May 12, 1864, before muster as Lt. 

OANFIELD, AUGUSTUS H., Mt. Clemens. Entered service Aug. 15, 1861, as Serg't 
Comp'y I, 9th Infy. Second Lt, Sept 23, 1862. First Lt. Ap'l 25, 1863. Adjt, 
Oct. 14, 1864. MusLerod out Nov. 16, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

CANFIELD, HENRY, Chelsea. Entered service Nov, 5, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y E, 7tb 
Cav, Second Lt, July 10, 1864. First Lt, May 24, 1865. Transferred to 1st Cav. 
Nov. 17, 1865. Died at Camp Douglass, Utah Territory, Mar. 11, 1866. 

CANFIELD, MARTIN, Ionia. Entered service Sept 7, 1861. Serg't Comp'y E, 1st 

Eng s and Mech's, . First Lt., Nov. 3, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and 

honorably discharged. 

OANFIELD, SILAS, Ionia. Capt 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept 12, 1861. Resigned July 
14, 1862, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 791 

CANNON, STEPHEN B., Disco. Entered scrvioe Aug. 9, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y B, 
22d Inf'y. Second Lt., Oct. 14, 1864. Alusteied out June 26, 18G5, and honorably 
discharged. 

CANTINE, WILLIAM W., Grand Rapids. First Lt. and Q. M. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. 
Capt. and Ass't Com. Subs. VolV, July 17, 18G2. Bvt Maj. U. S. Vol's, Aug. 29, 
1865, "for faithful and meritorious service." Mustered out Oct. 9, 1865, and hon- 
orably discliarged. 

CARDY, JAilES H., Saginaw. Entered service Sept. 21, 1861, as Si'r^'t Comp'y M, 3d 
Cav. Second Lt., May 12, 1862. First Lt., June 12, 1862. Capt., Nov. 14, 1864. 
Resigned Nov. 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CAREY, CHARLES H., Grand Rajids. Entered service June 10, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
A, 3d Inf'y. Second Lt., Oct. 28, 1861. Fust Lt., Feb. 5, 1863. Died at Jackson, 
Miss., July 18, 1863. 

GARLAND, JOHN, Caledonia. Capt. 23d Inf'y, Aug. 1, 18G2. Maj., Dec. 29, 1864. 
Musterod out June 28, 1865. Second Lt. 6th U. S. Inf'y, Mar. 7, 1867. First Lt., 
Dec. 31, 1868. Now in service. 

CARLISLE, JOSEPH L., Berrien Springs. Entered service Aug. 11, 1862, as Serg't 
Comp'y C, 25th Inf'y. Second Lt., Nov. 1, 1864. First Lt., Feb. 24, 1865. Mus- 
tered out June 24, 1«65, and honorably dischaiged. 

CARLL, SAMUEL B., Port Huron. Entered service Sept. 2, 1861, as Farrier Comp'y 
K, 2d Cav. Second Lt. 7th Cav., June 11, 1863. Wounded and taken prisoner near 
Richmond, Va., Mar. 1, 1864. Exchanged June — , 18G4. Resigned May 29, 1865, 
and lionorably discharged. 

CARLTON, HENRY, Newport. Capt. 22d Inf'y July 31, 1862. Killed by railroad acci- 
dent June 6, 1S63. 

CARLTON, MOSES F., St. Clair. Entered service Sept. 26, 1864, as Serg't Comp'y I, 
4ih Inf'y. Second Lt., Oct. 24, 18G5. Not mustered as an olllcer. Honorably dis- 
charged May 26, 1866. 

CARLTON, MONROE G., St. Joseph. Second Lt., 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. Capt., May 
12, 18G2. Resigned June 18, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

CARPENTER, EZRA, Kalamazoo. Capt., 13th Inf'y, Oct. 3, 1861. Resigned June 15, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

CARPENTER, HENRY B., Lansing. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862. Serg't Comp'y A, 

2Uth Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 20, 1863. First Lt., .M;iy 12, 1864. ^ Wounded in 

action at Cold Harbor, Va., June 3, 1864. Capt., Oct. 24, 1864. Mustered out May 
30, 18G5, and honorably discharged. 

CARPENTER, JA.MES L., Scipio. First Lt. 7th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862. Wounded and 
(•;iptui(!(i at Gettysburg, Pa., July 3, 1863. Escaped same day. Cnpt , July 8, 1863. 
Major, Mny 2G, 1865. 'Transferred to 1st Cav., Nov. 17, 1865. Mustered out tis Capt. 
Mar. 10, 186G, and honorably discharged. 

CARPENTER, JAMES P., Ann Arbor. Entered service Aug. 29, 1864. as Serg't Comp'y 
A, 28ili Inf'y. Second Lt., Nov. 13, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably 
discharged June 5, 1866. 

CARPENTER, JOSEPH R., Bhssville. Entered Service Aug. 24, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 
K, nth Inf'y, . First Lt., Nov. 3. 18G3. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1864, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

CARPENTER, ROSWELL P., Ann Arbor. First Lt., 20th Inf'y, July 29, 1862. Capt., 
Jan. 26, 1863. Killed in action at Spctlsylvania, Va., Miiy 12, 1H64. 

CARPENTER, WILLIAM H., Tecumseh. Entered service Feb. 18, 1863. Serg't 

Comp y K, 7th Cav., Second Lt., May 24, 1865. Mustered out Dec. 15, 1865, 

and honorably discharged. 

CARR, ALPIIEUS W., Lansing. Cai)t., 1st Cav., Nov. 11, 18G3. KUled in acUon at 
Treviiluui Station, Va., June 12, 18G4. 



792 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

CAER, EOBEET H., Dowagiac. Entered sei-vice Sept. 26, 1861. Serg't Comp'y F, 3d 
Cav., . Second Lt., July 4, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged Feb. 12, 1866. 

CAEE, THOMAS C, Flint. Capt. 16th Inf'v, Aug. 9, 1861. Killed in action at Gaines' 
Mill, Va., June 27, 1862. 

CAEE, JOHN J., Hudson. Entered service July 26, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y A, 18th 
Inf y. Second Lt., Ap'l 17, 1864. Resigned Oct. 28, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

CAEE, WELLINGTON F., Hancock. Entered service Aug. 15, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
B, 27th Inf'y. Second Lt., May 25, 1863, Fii'st Lt., May 6, 1864. Mustered out 
July 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CAERICK, CHAELES W., Tekonsha. Entered service July 27, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
E, 1st Inf'y. First Lt., May 8, 1864. Wounded in action May 8, 1864. livt. Capt. 
u'. S. Vol's, Sept. 30, 1864, " for gaUant service at the battle of Peebles's Farm, 
Va." Capt., Nov. 1, 1864. Mustered out July 9, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CAEEINGTON, JULIUS M., . Entered service Feb. 7, 1862. Serg't Comp'y E, 

10th Inf'y, . Second Lt., Ap'l 26, 1863. Honorably discharged for woimds Jan. 

1, 1864. 

CARETS, JACOB, Marshall. Entered service Aug. 14, 1861. Cora. Serg't 9th Inf'y, . 

Second Lt., Ap'l 9, 1863. First Lt., Oct. 13, 1863. Capt., Nov. 23, 1864. Mustered 
out Sept. 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CARSON, LEWIS, East Saginaw. Entered service Aug. 26, 1862. Serg't Comp'y G, 

7th Cav., . First Lt., Oct. 14, 1863. Resigned June 26, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

CARTER, GEORGE, East Saginaw. First Lt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. Capt., Sept. 25, 
1862. Resigned Nov. 5, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

CARTER, JULIUS M., Ovid. Second Lt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 1862. First Lt., Dec. 24, 
1862. Wounded in action at Kingston Ga., May 18, 1864. Capt., July 9, 1864. Bvi. 
Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mai-. 13, 1865, " lor gallant and meritorious service at Kingston. 
Ga." Honorably discharged for disability May, 17, 1865. 

CARVER, ELEAZUR E., Detroit. Second Lt. 27th Inf'y, Oct. 10, 1862. Eesigned May 
22, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

CAEVER, LUCIUS, Boston, Mass. Entered service Nov. 23, 1862. Serg't Maj. 7th 

Cav., . Second Lt., Mar. 22, 1864. Killed in action at Front Royal, Va., Aug. 

16, 1864. 

CASE, ALANSON B., Otsego. Entered service Oct. 17, 1861, as Serg't Maj. 13th Inf'y. 
Second Lt., May 31, 1862. First Lt. and Adjt., Jan. 20, 1863. Mustered out Jan. 16, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

CASE, FEANKLIN B., Jk., Jonesville. Entered service Feb. 8, 1862. Serg't Comp'y F, 

15th Infy, . Second Lt., Oct. 29, 1862. First Lt., Aug. 13, 1863. Capt., Mar. 

30, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 13, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CASE, DANIEL D., Jonesville. Second Lt. 15th Inf'y, Feb. 1, 1863. First Lt., June 6, 
1865. Mustered out Aug. 13, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CASE, LEVERETT N., Jonesville. Entered service Aug. 26, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y 0, 
7th Inf'y. Discharged for disability July 2, 1862. Rel'ntered service Oct. 22, 1863. 

Serg't ilaj. 1st S.^S., . First Lt., Oct. 14, 1864. Capt., .Mar. 7, 1865. Bvt. 

Maj. U. S. Vol's, Ap'l 2, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service in the assault 
before Petersburg, Va." Mustered out July 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CASERLY, PATRICK, Detroit. Entered service Nov. 1, 1861. Serg't Comp'y F, 15th 

Iiify, . Second Lt., July 23, 1862. First Lt., July 6, 1863. Wounded in action 

July 28, 1864. Honorably discharged for wounds Dec. 24, 1864. 

CASEY, JOHN M., Burr Oak. First Lt. 1st (d months) Inf'y, May 1, 1861. Wounded 
and taken prisoner at BuU Run, Va., July 21, 1861. Died of wounds received in 
action. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 793 

CASH, DANIEL G.. Ontonagon. Second Lt. 27th Inf'y, Oct. 10, 1862. First Lt., May 1, 
1863. Adjt., Dec. 24, 1863. Capt., May 5, 1864. Wounded in action at Wilderness, 
Va., May 6, 1864. Wounded in action at Cold Harbor, \ a., June 3, 1864. Taken 
prisoner at Keaiu's Station, Va., Aug. 21, 1864. Escaped Oct. li), 1864. Wounded in 
action at Petersburg, Va., Ap'l 2, 1865. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Ap'i 2, 1865, "for 
coolness and bravery in the assault before Petersburg, Va. " Maj., May 15, 1865. 
Mustered out July 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CATHEY, GEOEGE, Cannonsburg. Entered service Nov. 11, 1861. Serg't Comp'y C, 
13th Int'y, . Second Lt., May 12, 18G5. Mustered out July 25, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

CATLIN, EDWARD U., Algansee. Entered sei-vice May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y C, 1st 
(3 nionUis) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Reentered service Aug. 24, 1861, as 
Seig't Comp'y H, 11th Inf'y. Second Lt., June 23, 1862. First Lt , Jan. 1, 1863. 
Died of wounds received in action near Atlanta, Ga., Aug. 7, 1864. 

CATLIN, SAMUEL, Tecumseh. Ass't Surg. 26th Inf'y, May 18, 1864. Not mustered. 

CAVANAIJGH, JAMES, Grand Rapids. Capt. 21st Inf'y, July 30, 1862. Resigned Mar. 

26, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

CESSNA, JOSEPH, . First Lt. Co. I. Merrill Horse, Sept. 6, 1861. Resigned Dec. 

7, 1861, and honorably discharged. 

CESSNA, JOSEPH P., Kalamo. Ass't Surg. 28th Inf'y, Aug. 15, 1864. Resigned Ap'l 

27, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CHADDOCK, GILBERT, JonesviUe. Surg. 7th Inf'y, Jan. 15, 1862. Mustered out Jan. 
15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CHADRT, ANGELO W., Kalamazoo. Entered service Aug. 19, 1862. Serg't Comp'y L, 

6th Cav., . Second Lt., May 23, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably 

discharged Nov. 24, 1865. 

CHADWICK, SAMUEL, Three Rivers. First Lt. Comp'y E, 1st Mich. Vol's, Mexican 
War, Oct. 30, 1847. Discharged June 30, 1848. First Lt. and Adjt. 11th Inf'y, Aug. 
24, 1861. Resigned Feb. 13, 1863. Capt. 28th Inf'y, Aug. 15, 1864. Mustered out 
May 17, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CHADWICK, LOREN, Battle Creek. Capt. 13th Inf'y, Oct. 3, 1861, Resigned June 19, 
1863, and honorably discharged. 

CHADWICK, WALTON H., Battle Creek. Entered service July 25, 1862, as Soig't 
Comp'y C, 20th Inf'y. Wounded in action July 30, 1864. Second Lt., May 17, 1865. 
Not mustered as an oifficer. Honorably dischai-ged May 30, l>-'65. 

CHAMBERLAIN, LEWIS H., Ypsilanti. Entered service Auar. 12, 1862, as Seri^-'t Comp'y 
F, 24th Inf'y. First Lt., Nov. 22, 1863. Adjt., July 19, 1864. Mubtcred out June 30, 
m 1865, and honorably discharged. 

* CHAMBERLAIN, EDMUND B., Kalamazoo. Fir.-t Lt. 11th Cav., Aug. 1, 1863. Trans- 
ferii^d to Hih Cav. on con.solidation, July 20, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

CHAMBERLAIN, NELSON, London. Capt. 11th Inf'y, Aug. 24, 1801. Resigned Feb. 
19, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

CHAMBERLAIN, DAVID P., Hudson. Asst. Surg. 4th Inf'y, May 16, 1861. Captured 
by the enemy July 2, 1862. Exchanged July — , 1SG2. Surg., Aug. 12, 1862. Resigned 
Mar. 13, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

CHAMPLIN. STEPHEN G.. Grand Rapids. Maj. 3d Inf'v, May 13, 1861. Col., Oct. 28, 

1861. Wounded ui action at Fair Oakb, Va.. M;iy31, 1862. Brig. Gon. Vol's, Nov. 29, 

1862. Died at Grand Rapids, Mich., Jan. 26, 1864. 

CHAMPLIN, EDWARD P., JonesviUe. Entered service Aug. 13, 1862, as Com. Serg't 
18th Inf'y. Second Lt., Jan. 16, 1863. First Ll. and Q. ."^1., Sept. 28, 1803. CapU 
and Asst. Q. M. U. S. Vol's, June 30, 1864. Resigned May 19, 1805, and honorably 
discharged. 

lUU 



794 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

CHANCE, PERRY, Hastings. First Lt. 21st Inf'y, July 30, 1862. Resigned Jan. 17, 
1863, and honorably discharged. 

CHANDLER, GEO. W., Lansing. Entered service Aug. 12, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y E, 
8th Infy. Second Lt., Ap'l 13, 1862. First Lt., Sept. 1, 1862. Capt. and Cora. Subs. 
U. S. Vol's, Ap'l 20, 1864. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1863, " for meritorious 
service in Subs. Department during the war." Mustered out Dec. 27, 1866, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

CHANDLER, GILBERT R., East Saginaw. Second Lt. 16th Infy, Aug. 9, 1861, 
Wounded in action at Gaines' Mill, Va., June 27, 1862. First Lt., Aug. 23, 1862. 
Capt., Ap'l 22, 1863. Resigned Aug. 11, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

CHANDLER, ROBERT G., Coldwater. Second Lt. Batt. A, 1st Light Art., May 28^ 

1861. First Lt,, Mar. 8, 1862. Resigned Nov. 24, 1862, and honorably dischargL-d. 

CHAPEL, HENRY J., Adrian. Entered service Sept. 23, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y H, 1st 
Eng's and Mech's. Second Lt., Jan. 31, 1862. First Lt., Jan. 1, 1864. Mustered 
out Oct. 26, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

CHAPEL, MARQUIS D. L., Grand Rapids. Entered service Aug. 29, 1864, as Serg't 
Comp'y B, 3d Infy. Second Lt., Mar. 19, 1865. Resigned July 7, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

CHAPiN, MARSHAL W., Detroit. First Lt. 4th Infv, May 16, 1861. Capt., Jan. 15, 

1862. Col. 23d Infy, Aug. 23, 1862. Resianod for disability, Ap"l 15, 1864, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

CHAPMAN, AUGUSTUS "W., St. Joseph. First Lt. 6th Infy, Aug. 19, 1861. Capt.,- 
Dec. 1. 1862. Wounded in action Mav 27, 1863. Kifled in action at Pleasant Hill, 
La., Ap'l 27, 1864. 

CHAPMAN, NELSON C, Lansing. Second Lt. 8th Infy, Aug. 12, 1861. First Lt., 
Sept. 1, 1862. Resigned Oct. 29, 1862, and honorably dischai^ed. 

CHAPMAN, WARREN P., St. Joseph. First Lt. and Q. M. 19th Infy, Aug. 2. 1862. 
Resigned Nov. 17, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

CHAPMAN, AARON P., Monroe. Entered service June 12, 1862, as Pvt. Comp'y C, 17th 
Infy. First Lt. and Q. M., July 19, 1863, Mustered out June 3, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

CHAPMAN, JACOB, Lowell. First Lt. and Com. 6th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862. Honorably 
discharged Mar. 9, 1863. 

CHARLES, WILLIAM S., . Entered service Oct. 22, 1861. Serg't Batt. B, 1st 

Ligtit Art., — . Second Lt., Oct. 28, 1864. Mustered out June 14, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

CHASE, ALPHEUS, Jackson. Entered service Sept. 2, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y C, 9th 
Infy. Second Lt , Ap'l 4, 1862. Killed in action at T.Iurfreesboro, Tenn., July 13, 
1862. 

CHASE, EDWARD R., Flint. Entered service Aug. 2, 1861. Serg't Maj. 8th Infy, 

. Second Lt., July 5, 1864. First Lt, Aug. 17, 1864. Adjt., Oct. 18, 1864. 

Capt., Ap'l 25, 1865 Bvt. Capt., U. S. Vol's, Ap'l 2, 1865, "for conspicuous gallantry 
in tlie iibsault on Fort Mahou, Va." Mustered out July 30, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

CHASE, EUGENE V., Duplain. Eiit(M-od service Aug. 10, 1861. Serg't Comp'y D, 1st 

Cav., . Second lit,., Oct. 25, 1864. Fust Lt., Mar. 7, 1865. Musiorcd out Mar. 

10, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

CHASE, FRANK R., Otipco. First Lt. 25th Infy, Aug. 10, 1862. Resigned Nov. 14, 
1863, and honorably discharged. 

CHASE. GEORGE N., Detroit. Capt. 9th Infy, Oct. 12, 1861. Resigned Jan. 7, 1862, 
and honorably disclnirged. 

CHASE, JONATHAN L., Lawton. Second Lt., 12th Infy, Oct. 10, 1861. Resigned May 
6, 1862, and honorably discluirgcd. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 79^ 

CHASE, LUCIEN A., Owosso. Entered semce Auff. 27. 1863, as Serg't Comp'y F, lOLh 
Cav. Second Lt., Feb. 8, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 11, 18G5, aud honorablj' dis- 
charged. 

CHASE, MILTON, Battle Creek. Entered service Auu. 20, 1861. Hosp'l Stew'd 0th 
Inf., . Ass't Surg., Julj' 29, 18G2. Resigned July 20, 18G4, and honorably dis- 

tliarged. 

CHASE, SEYMOUR, Cannousburg. Capt. 21st Infy, July 30, 1SG2. Maj.,Feb. 3, 18G3. 
Resigned Oct. 20, 18G3, and honorably discliarged. 

CHASE, THOMAS C, Iosco. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y B, 2Gth 
Iiil'y. Second Lt., Feb. 7, 18G3. First Lt., June 26. IHG-l. Capt., June 2, 18G5. 
Mustered out as First Lt., June 4, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CHATFIELD, HENRY. Van Buren. Entered sei-vice Sept. 17, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 

C, 3d Cav, . >econd Lt., Sept. 22, 1864. First Lt., Nov. 7, 1864. Resigned 

June 12, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CHEENEY, REUBEN S., Moscow. First Lt. 8th Infy, Sept. 24, 1861. Resigned Ap'l 
13, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

CHEENEY, AMHURST, B., Englishville. Entered service Aug. 4, 1862, Q. M. Serg't 

21st Infy, . Second Lt., Auir. 2, 1864. First Lt., Oct. 2'.), 1864. "\Vound<-d in 

action at Bentonville, N. C, Mar. 19, 1865. Mustered out June 8, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

CHENEY, ALONZO, Hillsdale. Entered service Aug. 12, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y B, 8th 
Infy. Second Lt., Mar. 27, 1863. First Lt., May 6, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 19, 

1864, and honorably discharged. 

CHENEY, WILLIAM J., Grand Rapids. Entered service Dec. 3, 1861. Serg't Batt. E. 

1st Light Art., , Second Lt., Mar, 27, 1865. Mustered out July 20, 1865, and 

honorably discharged. 

CHEERY, HENRY, Owosso. Chap, 10th Cav., Dec. 3, 1863. Mustered out Nov. 11, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

CHE8TERMAN, JOHN W., Buchanan, Entered service Aug. 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
A, 6th Infy, Second Lt., Nov. 25, 1864. Mustered out Aug. 20, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

CHILDS, JONATHAN W., Washtenaw. Maj. 4th Infy May 16, 1861. Lt. Col., Sept. 
• 25, 1861. Col., July 1, 1862. Resigned Nov. 25, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

CHILDS, LEWIS E., Ypsilanti. First Lt. 11th Infy, Aug. 24, 1861. Capt., Mar. 12, 
1862. Wounded and taken prisoner at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 20, 1863. Exchanged 
. Mustered out Sept. 30, 18G4, and honorably discharged. 

CHILDS, EDWIN, Comstock. First Lt., 25th Infy, Aug. 10, 1862. Capt. Mar. 14. 
18G3. Mustered out June 24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CHILDS, JOHN, Hancock, Entered service Aug. 11, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y B, 27th 
Inf'v. Second Lt., May 15, 1865. Not muptcrod as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged May 25, 1865. 

CHILDS, WILLIAM A., Copper Harbor. Entered senice Sept. 18, 18G2. as Com. 
Serg't 27th Infy. Second Lt., S^pt., 27, 1864. Adjt., Mar. 21, 1865. Mustered out 
July 26, 18G5, and honorably discharged, 

CHILSON, SIREL, Van Buron. Entered service Aug. 5, 1862. Corp'l Comp'y D, 2Jlh 

Infy, . First Lt. and Adjt., Sept 1, 1863. Killed in action near Petersburir. Va., 

June 18, 1864. 

CHILSON, GEORGE W., Van Buren. Entered service July 30, 1862. Serg't Comp'y F. 

24th Infy, . Wounded in actif)n July 1, 1863. Fust Lt., May 6. 18G4. Must.Teri 

out .lime 30, 1865. Second Lt. 14th U. S. Infy, Feb. 23, IbGG. First Lt , July 9. IMGB, 
Transferred to 32d Inf'v, Sept. 21, 18G6. Transferred to 21sl Infy, Apri9, 1»()9. 
Uniissigncd Aug. 16, 1869. Assigned to 8th Cav., Dec. 15, 187(1. Capt., Dec. 28, 
1871. Died at Fort Duncan, Texas, Jan. 18, 1881. 



796 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

CHIPMAN, HENEY L., Detroit. Capt. 11th U. S. Inf'y, May 14, 1861. Lt. Col. 2d 
Miuh. Inf'y, May 25, 1861. Resigned as Lt. Col., June 24, 1861. Bvt. Maj., May 3, 

1863, " for gallant and meritorious service in the battle of Chancellorsville, Va." Bvt. 
Lt. Col., July 2, 1863, " for gallant and meritorious service in the battle of Gettys- 
burg, Pa." Col. 1st Mich, or 102d U. S. Col'd Inf'y, Ap'l 15, 1864. Bvt. Brig. Gen. 
Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service during the war." Mus- 
tered (Jut of volunteer service Sept. 30, 1865. Maj. 3d U. S. Inf'y, Oct. 29, 1873. Lt. 
Col. 7th Inf'y, May 19, 1881. Now in service. 

CHIPMAN, HOB ART H., Grand Rapids. Entered service Sept. 18, 1862, as Serg't 
Comp'y F, 6th Cav. First Lt., Oct. 22, 1863. Capt., Dec. 10, 1864. Mustered out 
Nov. 24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CHITTICK, MICHAEL, . Entered service Aug. 5, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y B, 16th 

Inf'y. Second Lt., June 27, 1862. Killed in action at Bull Run, Va., Aug. 30, 1862. 

CHOPE, CHARLES H., Detroit. Entered service July 24, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y G, 
24th Inf'y. Second Lt., Mar. 21, 1865. Mustered out June 30, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

CHRISTIAN, HARVEY J., Flint. Entered service Aug. 19, 1861. Com. Serg't 8th Inf'y, 

. First Lt., Jan. 8, 1865. Capt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out July 30, 1865, and 

honorably discharged. 

CHRISTIAN, ARTHUR, Grosse Point. Entered service Nov. 25, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
G, 27th Inf'y. Second Lt., Dec. 30, 1864. Killed in action at Wilderness, Va., May 
6, 1864. 

CHRISTIAN, WILLIAM E., Flint. Entered service Aug. 12, 1861. Com. Serg't 8th 
Inf'y, . Capt. 30th Inf'y, Nov. 28, 1864. Mustered out June 24, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

CHRISTIANCY, HENRY C, Monroe. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt, Comp'y F, 
1st (3 months) Inf'y. Second Lt. 1st Inf'y, Aug. 17, 1861. First Lt., Ap'l 28, 1862. 
Mustered out Sf^pt. 26, 1864. Bvt. Capt., Maj., and Lt. Col. of U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 
1865, "for gnllantand meritorious sprvice during the war." Capt. and A. D. C, U. 
S. Vol's. Ap'l 5, 1865. Mustered out Jan. 20, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

CHRISTIANCY, JATMES J., Monroe. Entered service June 4, 1862, as Serg't Maj. 17th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Dec. 28, 1862. First Lt., 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. Det iched as Aid 
to Gen. Custer, Aug. 4, 1863. Wounded in action at Hawes's Shop, Va , May 28, 

1864, Mustered out Aug. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CHROUCH, JAMES M., Dearborn. Entered service Oct. 9, 1861. Serg't Batt. B, 1st 

Light Art., . Second Lt., Mar. 14, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honor- 

al)ly discharged June 14, 1865. 

CHUBB, MILES, Muskegon. Entered service June 10, 1861. Serg't Comp'y H, 3d Inf'y, 
. Second Lt. 5th Inf'y, Nov. 27, 1864. Mustered out July 5, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

CHUBB, EDWIN C, Romeo. Entered service Aug. 13, 1861, as Serg't Comp'v A, 9th 
Infy. Second Lt., Oct. 13, 1862. First Lt., May 14, 1863. Mustered out Nov. 25, 

1861, and honorably discharged. 

CHUBB, ORVILLE P., Lansing. Entered pervi e Aug. 9, 1862, as Pvt. Comp'y A. 20th 
Iiil'y. Ass't Surg., May 23, 1863. Surg., July 22, 1864. Mustered Aut May 30, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

CHURCH, BENJAMIN C, Grand Rapids. Capt. 8th Inf'y, Aug. 12, 1861. Killed in 
action at James Island, June 16, 1862. 

CHURCH, ENNIS, Marshall. Surg, 9th Inf'y, Nov. 22, 1861. Transferred to 26th Inf'y, 
Oct. 10, 1862. Muster in revoked Nov. 18, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

CHURCH, HARRY C, Kalamazoo. Second Lt. 2d Inf'y, Ap'l 25, 1861. Resigned Sept. 
27, 1861, and honorably discharged. 

CHURCH, J. P. C, Jackson. First Lt. 17th Inf'y. June 17, 1862. Resigned Dec. 26, 

1862, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 707 

CHUKCH, JOSIAH W., Coldwater. First Lt. Batt. D, let Light Art., Sept. 1, 1861. 
Capt., Aug. 2, 1862. Maj., Mar. 14, 1864. Kesigned for disability. Mar. 14, 1865, 
aud iiouorably discliarged. 

CHURCH, JOHN P., Hudson. Entered service Au<?. 22, 1862, as Scrg't Batt. I. 1st 
Liglit Art. Second Lt., Sept. 21, 1864. Mustered out July 14, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

CHURCH, LAFAYETTE, Arcadia. Capt. 26th Infy, Sept. 1, 1862. Appointed Chap., 
Ap'l 2, 1864. Mustered out June 4, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CHURCH, NATHAN, Ithaca. Entered service Aug. 12, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y C, 8th 

Infy. Discharged for disability Jan. 17, 1862. First Lt. 26; h Infy, Sept. 1, 1862. 
Adjt., Ap'l 15, 1863. Capt., Ap'l 15, 1864. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, July 6, 1864, "for 
gallant service before Petersburg, Va." Maj., Sept. 12, 1864. Lt. Col., Mar. 7, 1865. 
Bvt. Lt. Col. U. S. Vol's, Ap'l 9, 1865, "for conspicuous guUanliy and meritorious 
seivicc during the recent campaign terminating with the suriender of the insurgent 
army under Gen. Lee." Mustered out as Maj.. June 4, 1865, but retained on 
detached service until Nov. 7, 1865, when he was honorably discharged at his own 
request. 

CHURCH, SAMUEL W., Detroit. Entered service July 24, 1862. Serg't Comp'y B. 24th 

Lil'y, . First Lt., Oct. 14, 1864. Mustered out June 30, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

CICOTTE, JAMES J., Detroit. Capt. 15th Infy, Jan. 1, 1862. Resigned Sept. 14, 1862, 
and honorably discharged. 

CLAFLIN, NELSON H., Jackson. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. 1st (3 months) 
Infy. Serg't Comp'y D, 12th Infy. Oct. 19, 1861. Wounded in action Ap'l 6, 1862. 
Second Lt., June 2, 1862. Capt., Oct. 8, 1862. Resigned June 14, 1865, and honor- 
ably diiichurged. 

CLAPHAM, EDWARD, Kalamazoo. Asst. Surg. 1st Infy, Doc. 9, 1864. Surg. 7th 
Infy, Mar. 30, 1865. Mustered out July 5, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CLARK, ALONZO E., Hillsdale. Second Lt. 18th Infy, July 27, 1862. Taken prisoner 
while on picket, Sept. 15, 1862. Exchanged, . First Lt., Feb. 18, 1863. Mus- 
tered out June 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CLARK, BENJAMIN F., Quincy. Second Lt. 17th Infy, June 17, 1862. Honorably dis- 
charged for disabiUty, Jan. 16, 1863. 

CLARK, CHARLES E., Dowagiac. Capt. 6th Infy., Aug. 19, 1861. Maj., June 21, 1862. 
Lt. Col., Feb. 1, 1864. Col., Oct. 16, 1864. Mustered out as Lt. Col., Sept. 7, 1865. 
Capt. 38th U. S. Infy., July 28, 1866. BvL Maj., Mar. 2, 1867, " for gallant and 
meritorious service in the siege Port Hudson. La. " Retired June 28, 1878. 

CLARK, DANIEL, Deerfiold. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y K, 1st (3 
months) Infy. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Reentered service Dec. 28, 1861, as 
Serg't Comp'y H, 15th Infy. Second Lt., Oct. 1, 1862. Mustered out Ap'l 6, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

CLARK, EGBERT B., Clarkston. Supernumerary Second Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. 
Second Lt., Jan. 1, 1863. Honorably discharged for disability, Dec. 2, 1863. 

CLARK, FRANKLIN B., Pontiac. Entered service Nov. 24, 1862. Serg't Maj. 7th Cav., 

. Second Lt., May 21, 1865. Transferred to 1st Vet. Cav., Nov. 17, 1865. First 

Lt. and Atiji., Dec. 12, 1865 Not mustered. Killed by acciilental discharge of his 
own pistol while en route to Fort Leavenworth, Kas., in 1866, with a detachment for 
muster out. 

CLARK, FREDERICK C, Dowagiac. FirstLt. 6th Infy, Aug. 19, 1861. Killed in action 
at Port Hudson, La., May 27, 1863. 

CLARK, GARDNER B., Middlesex Vt. Entered service Aug. 21. 1861. Serg't Comp'y 

C, 1st U. S. S. S., . Second Lt., Feb. 25, 1863. Fust Lt., May 3, 1863. Capt., 

Nov. 21, 1863. Honorably discharged for disability, Sept. 9, 1864. 

CLARK, GEO. W., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862, as Com. Serg't 4th Cav. Sec- 
ond Lt., Feb. 15, 1364. First Lt., July 9, 1864. Mustered out Julv 1, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 



'J'98 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

CLAEK, HENRY, Leonard. Entered service Sept. 5, 1861. Serg't Comp'y D, 8th Inf'y, 

. Second Lt., Ap'l 20, 1864. Wounded in action Aug. 19, 1864. Honorably dis- 

cliar^ed for disability, Dec. 8, 1864. 

CLARK, JAMES, Ann Arbor. Entered service June 20, 1861. Serg't Maj. 4th Inf y, . 

First Lt., , 1862. Killed in action at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13. 1862. 

€LARK, JOHN A., Monroe. Entered sei-vice Aug. 22, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y D, 7th 
Iiify. Second Lt., Mar. 1, 1862. First Lt., Ap'l 22, 1862. KiUed in action at 
Antietam, Md., Sept. 17. 1862. 

CLAEK, JOHN E., Ann Arbor. Capt., 5th Cav., Aug 14, 1862. Maj., July 3, 1863. 
Taken prisoner at Buckland's Mills, Va., Oct. 19, 1863. Exchanged Aug. 4, 1864. 
Resigned Feb. 25, 1865, and honorably discharged. Bvt. Lt. Col. tJ. S. Vol's, Mar. 
13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service during the war." 

CLARK, JOHN A., Stockbridge, First Lt. 7th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862, Capt., Aug. 1, 1864. 
Taken prisoner near Richmond, Va., Mar. 1, 1864. Escaped Nov. 24, 1864. Mus- 
tered out Dec. 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CLARK, JOHN F., Sturgis. Second Lt., 19th Inf'y, July 28, 1862. Captured Mar. 5, 

1863. Exchanged June 1, 1863. First Lt., May 1, "l863. Capt., Nov. 11, 1864. 
Mustered out June 10, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CLARK, JUDSON, Ionia. Entered service Aug. 7, 1862. Serg't Comp'y A, 21st Inf'y, 
. Second Lt., Sept. 24, 1863. Mu&tured out June 8, 1865, and honombly dis- 
charged, 

€LARKE, LAFAYETTE W., Hampton. Second Lt. 9th Cav., June 21, 1864. First Lt., 
Oct. 2, 1864, Mustered out as Second Lt., July 21, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CLARK, MICHAEL, Ann Arbor. Entered Service Sept. 25, 1861. Serg't Comp'y H, 

14th Inf'y, . Second Lt,, July 7, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably 

discharged July 18, 1865. 

CLARK, NELSON W,, Bronson. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y K, 7th 
Inf'y. First Lt., Aug. 8, 1863. Not mustered as an oflficer. Honorably discharged 
July 21, 1865. 

€LARK, NEWCOM, Clarkston. Entered service Dee. 15, 18'^.l,as Serg't Comp'y K, 14th 
Inf'y. SecondLt., June 16, 1862. Resigned May 20, 1863. Maj. 1st Mich, or 102d U, 
S. Col'd Inf'y, Mar. 12, 1864. Lt. Col., June 19", 1865. Mustered out Sept 30, 1865, 
and'honorably discharged, Bvt. Col., Oct. 30, 1865, "for distinguished and meritor- 
ious conduct in the field," 

CLARK, THOMAS S., Monroe. Lt. Col. 6th Inf'y, June 19, 1861. Col., June 21, 1862. 
Resigned Jan. 29, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

CLARK, WILLIAM A., Ann Arbor. Entered service Sept. 17, 1861. Serg't Comp'y H, 
8Lh Iiif'v, . Second Lt., May 6, 1864, First Lt., Nov, 20, 1864. Honorably dis- 
charged Feb. 14, 1865. 

CLARK, WILLIAM E., Dowagiac. Surg. 4th Inf'y, Aug. 17, 1861, Transferred Surg. 
19th Inf'y, Aug. 12, 1862. Resigned July 18, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

CLARK, WILLIAM H., Je., Armada. Entered service Nov, 10, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
G, 8th Cav. Second Lt., Ap'l 23, 1863. Wounded in action Oct. 26, 1863. Resigned 
for disability Feb. 8, 1864, and honorably discliarged. 

CLARK, WILLIAM J., Northviile. Second Lt. 30th Inf'y, Nov. 28, 1864. First Lt., 
June 6, 1865. Mustered out as Second Lt., June 17, 1865, and honorably discharged, 

CLARK, WILLIAM, Hillsdale. First Lt, 1st S. S., Mar. 31, 1803. Resigned May 3, 

1864, and honorably discharged. 

CLARKE, SAMUEL P., Monroe, First Lt., 15th Inf'y, Jan. 1, 1862. Resigned July 13, 
1662, and honorably discharged. 

CLARKSON, ISAAC L., Manchester. Capl. Isi (throe months) Inf'y May 1, 18G1, 
Mu^-toied out Aug. 7, 18G1. Capt. 17th Inf'y, Juno 17, 1862. Wounded in action at 
Antititam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862. Resigned Oct. 19, 1863, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 799 

CLAY, GEORGE S., Detroit. Second Lt., 15th Inf'y, Aug. 9, 1862. Resigned July 18, 
186i, and honorably discharged. 

CLEMENTS, HENRY. Detroit. Entered sei-vioe Sept. 14, 1861. Soig't Comp'v G. 3d 

Cav., . Second Lt., Aug. 13, 1863. Resigned Sept. 13, 1804, and honorably 

discharged. 

CLEMMER, DAVID W.. Dowa^iac. Entered service Aug. 12, 1861, n.s Serg't Comp'y M, 
1st Cav. First Lt., Nov. 12, 1862. Capt., Mav 2, 1863. Wounded in action at 
Gettysburg, Pa., July 3, 1863. Mustered out Dec. 14, 1864, and honoiably dis- 
charged. 

CLELAND, HENRY A., Detroit. Entered service as Hosp'l SicwVl 2d Inf'y, April 25, 

1861. Talicu prisoner before Richmond, June 29, 1862. Exchanged, . Ass't 

Surg. 2d Inf'y, Aug. 8, 1862. Resigned Ap'l 19, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

CLIFF, HORATIO T., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 20, 1862, as Pvt. Comp'y H, 20th 
Inf'y. Ass't Surg. 17th Inf'y, Dec. 28, 1864. Mustered out June 3, 1865, and hon- 
orably discliarged. 

CLIFFORD, WILLIAM A., Holly. Entered service Aug. 25, 1862. Serg't Maj. 8th 

Inf'y, . First Lt., Oct. 5, 1864. Adjutant, Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out July 30, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

CLINE, JOHN L., Romeo. Entered service Mar. 8, 1863, as Serg't Comp'v L, 8th Cav. 
Second Lt., Sept. 14, 1804. First Lt., Dec. 27, 1864. Mu&tei^d out Sept. 22, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

CLIPPERTON, WILLIAM H., East Saginaw. Capt. 7th Cav., June 11, 1863. Trans- 
fen ed to 1st Vet. Cav., Nov. 17, 1865. Mustered out Mar. 10, 1866, and honorably 
discharged. 

CLOSE, JAMES, Lexington. Entered service Nov. 7, 1861. Serg't Comp'y D, 10th 
Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 7, 1865. Not mustered as an ofiBcer. Honorablv dis- 
charged July 19, 1865. 

CLOSE, WILLIAM F., Byron. Second Lt. 29th Inf'y, July 29, 1864. First Lt., July 7, 
1865. Mustered out Sept. 6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CLUTZ, CHARLLS, Grand Rapids. Chap. 11th Cav., Aug. 31, 1863. Mustered out 
Aug. 10, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

COATES, JAMES B., Jonesville. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861, as Serg't Cofnpy C, 
7th Inf'y. Second Lt., May 22, 1862. Died of disease at Harper's Ferry, Va., Nov. 
13, 1862. 

COATES, JOHN W., Albany, N. Y. Entered service July 1, 1861. Serg't Comp'y I, Ist 

U. S. S. S., . Second Lt., July 2. 1863. First Lt., Oct. 15, 1863. Resigned , 

and honorably discharged. 

COATES, EDWARD, Pontiac. Maj. 8th Cav., Nov. 18, 1862. Honorably discharged for 
disability Nov. 14, 1864. 

COBB, LORENZO D., Yankee Springs. Entered service Sept. 8, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
K, 6th Cav. Second Lt., Dec. 10, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 24, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

COBLENTZ, JOHN J., Sturgis. Entered service Aug. 8. 1862, as Serg't Comp'y E, 19th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Jan. 12, 1804. Resigned Aug. 8, 1804, and honorably discharged. 

COCKETT, WILLIAM H., Lapeer. Entere 1 service Oct. 25, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y F, 
loth Inf'y. Second Lt., June 2, 1862. Resigned Juno 18, 1803, and honorably dis- 
chaiged. 

COCHRANE, ISAAC N., Watcrtown. Entered service July 31, 1802. Serg't Comp'y A, 

2;W Inf'y, . Second Lt., July 11, 1865. Not mustered as an oillcor. Honorably 

discharged June 28, 1865. 

CODDINGTON, CH.VRLES, Leonidas. Entered service Aug. 24, 1801, as Serg't Comp'y 
A, 11th Inf'y. First Lt., Jan. JO, 1803. Capt., Jan. 6, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 30, 
1864, and honorably discharged. 



800 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

COFFINBEEEY, WEIGHT L., Grand Rapids. Capt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 12, 
1861. Resigned Dec. 26, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

COFFINBEEEY, ANDEEW B., Graiid Eapids. Entered service Dec. 3, 1861. Serg't 

Comp'y C, 1st Eng's and Mech's, . First Lt., Jan. 1, 1864. Capt. Aug. 27, 1864. 

Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

COGSWELL, SYLVESTER, Marshall. First Lt. 6th Inf'y, Aug. 19, 1861. Capt., Oct. 
9, 1861. Maj., Aug. 23, 1864. Honorably discharged as Capt. Feb. 3, 1865, to date 
Oct. 16, 1864. 

GOGGESHALL, ISAAC, Coldwater. Chap. 19th Inf'y, Aug. 5, 1862. Resigned Sept. 6, 

1863. and honorably discharged. 

COLBY, ISAAC, Grosse Point. Capt. 4th Inf'y, July 26, 1864. Resigned Jan. 31, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

COLBY, HARLAN P., . Entered service Dec. 15, 1864. Serg't Comp'y F, 30th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 5, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged June 30, 1865. 

COLE, JAMES H., Adrian. Capt. 4th Inf'y. May 16, 1861. Maj., Jan. 4, 1862. Honor- 
ably discharged for disability, July 18, 1862. 

COLE, DANIEL W., Romeo. Entered service Aug. 13, 1861. Serg't Maj. 9th Inf'y, 
. Second Lt., July 15, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 15, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

COLE, ALVIN C, Ann Arbor. Asst. Surg. 14th Inf'y, May 27, 1862. Mustered out 
Mar. 14, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

COLE, HASCALL M., Adrian. Entered service Aug. 4, 1862. Serg't Maj. 18th Inf'y, 
. Second Lt., Mar 27, 1865. Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

COLE, WILLIAM L., Three Rivers. Entered service Aug. 13, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y G, 
25th Inf'y. Second Lt., Mar. 21, 1865. First Lt., May 8, 1865. Mustered out June 
24, 1865,' and honorably discharged. 

COLE, ALANSON B., Salina. Entered service Aug. 20, 1864. Com. Serg't 29th Inf'y, 
. Second Lt., July 7, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 6, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

COLE, OSMERF., Galesburg. Entered service Aug. 18, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y L, 6th 
Cav. Firtot Lt., Oct. 31, 1863. Capt., Dec. 10, 1864. Killed by Indians at Tongue 
River, Montana Territory, Aug. 30, 1865. 

OOLE, ADONIRAM J., Leslie. Entered service Sept. 29, 18G3, as Serg't Comp'y K, lOtb 
Cav. Second Lt., Dec. 30, 1863. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably discharged 
Nov. 11, 1865. 

COLEMAN, GRANVILLE H., Sylvan. Entered service Dec. 12, 1864, as Serg't Comp'y 
A, 30th Inf'y. Second Lt., Ap'l 7, 1865. Mustered out June 30, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

COLEMAN, CHARLES D., Pincknev. Entered service Jan. 26, 1862. Serg't Maj. 9tb 
Inf'y, . Second Lt., July 27, 1862. First Lt., Aug. 17, 1863. Capt., Nov. 23, 

1864. Mustered out Sept. 16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

COLERICK, WILLIAM, Almont. Entered service Aug. 17, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y L, 1st 
Cav. becond Lt , June 3, 1862. Capt., Dec. 4, 1864. Mustered out Mar. 10, 1866, 
and honorably discharged. 

OOLLER, ELI H., Wakeshma. Asst. Surg. 12th Inf'y, Mar. 3, 1864. Surg., Oct. 12, 

1865. Mustered out Feb. 15, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

COLLAR, ALEXANDER, Wayne. Asst. Surg. 24th Inf'y, Aug. 14, 1862. Honorably 
discharged for disability, Sept. 18, 1863. 

COLLINS, ROBERT M., Grand Rapids. First Lt. and Q. M. 3d Inf'y, May 13, 1861. 
Capt. and Com. of Subs. U. S. Vol's, Oct. 14, 18G3. Mustered out June 17, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 801 

COLLINS, ALVA A, Orion. Second Lt. 10th Infy, Oct. 1, 1861. First Lt., June 2, 18C2. 
Capt., Aug. 30, 1864. Mustered out July 19. 1865, and honorably discharged. 

COLLINS, MICHAEL, Battle Creek. Entered service Dec. 9, 1862. Serg't Comp'y A, 

1st S. S., . First Lt., Ap'Ul, 1865. Mustered out July 28, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

COLLINS. DAVID, Croton. Entered s(>rvico July 19, 1862, as Serjr't Comp'y A, 6th 
Cav. First Lt., Dec. 10, 1864. Honorably discharged for disability. May 15, 1865. 

COLLINS, HENRY H., Ann Arbor. Entered service Nov. 20, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y C, 
9th Cav. Second Lt., Oct. 17, 1864. First Lt., June 27, 1865. Mustered out as 
Second Lt., July 21, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

COLLINS, ANDREW P.. Niles. First Lt. 12lh Infy, Oct, 10, 1861. Mustered out July 
7, 1865, and hon6rably discharged. 

COLVILLE, JAMES, East Saginaw. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
C, 5th Infy. Second Lt., Sept. 16, 1862. Capt., Jan.'l, 1863. Wounded at Gettys- 
burg, Pa., July 2, 1863. Wounded in action Nov. 27, 1863. Missing in action June 
22, 1864. Returned Ap'l 22, 1865. Died of disease at Fort Hamilton, N. Y., Ap'l 27, 
1865. 

COMSTOCK, LOREN L., Adrian. Second Lt. Comp'y K, 1st Mich. Vol's McTucan war, 

Oct. 30, 1847. Mustered out . Lt. Col., 1st (three "months) Infy, .v;ay 1, 

1862. Capt. 17th Infy, June 17, 1862. Lt. Col., Mar. 21, 1863. Died Nov. 25, 1863, 
of wounds received same day by musket ball from a rebel S. S. at Knoxville, Tenn. 

COMSTOCK, OLIVER C, Marshall. Second Lt. 1st Infy, Aug. 17, 1861. First Lt., 
Nov. 18, 1861. Capt., May 26, 1862. Killed in action at Gaines' Mill, Va., June 27, 
1862. 

COMSTOCK, SILAS. G., Three Rivers. Second Lt., 11th Infy, Aug. 24, 1861. 
Resigned July 20, 1862, and honorably disciiarged. 

CONANT, JOHN S. Monroe. Entered service Sept. 11, 1862, as Com. Serg't 25th Infy. 
Second Lt., Ap'l 7, 1863. Honorably discharged for disability Feb. 23, 1864. 

CONELY, THOMAS J., Jackson. First Lt. 9th Infy, Oct. 12, 1861. Taken prisoner 
at Murfreesboro, Tenn., July 13, 1862. Exchanged Dec. 3, 1862. Capt., July 28, 
1862. Resigned Sept. 20, 1864, and honorably disciiarged. 

CONGDON, DAVID, Detroit. Entered service Aug. 8, 1862, as Pvt. Comp'y H, 24th 
Infy. First Lt. and Q. M., Nov. 3, 1863. Mustered out June 30, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

CONKLING, ALANSON, . Entered service Oct. 22, 1861, as Serg't Bait. G, 1st 

Liglit Art. Second Lt., Nov. 21, 1862. Died of Lung Fever at Young's Point, La., 
Feb. 14, 1863. 

CONKLING, HENRY H., Tyrone. Chap. 8th Inf., June 24, 1864. Resigned Jan. 4, 
1865, and iionorably discharged. 

CONLEY, MARTIN, New Baltimore. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
B, 5th Infy. Discharged for disability Sept. 24, 1862. Reentered service Sept. 27, 

1864, as Serg't Comp'y I, 3d Infy. Second Lt., Xav. 12, 1865. First Lt., Nov. 28, 

1865. Mustered out May 25, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

CONLEY, WILLIAM H. H., Berrien Springs. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861. Serg't 

Comp'y B, 6th Infy, . Wounded in action June 13, 1863. Second Lt.. Aug. 23, 

1864. First Lt., Nov. 25, 1864. Mustered out Aug. 20, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

CONN, CHARLES G., Elkhart, Ind. Second Lt. 1st S. S., Aug. 8, 1863. Taken pris- 
oner near Petersburg, Va., July 30, 1864. Capt., Ap'l 11, 1865. Mustered out July 
28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CONNELLY, ARTHUR, Grand Rapids. Second Lt. 1st Eng's and Mecb's, Sept. 12, 1861. 
Resigned Mar. 29, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

101 



803 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 

CONNER, CHARLES A, Constantine. Entered service Aug, 11, 1862. Serg't Comp'y 
D, 19th Inf y, . Second Lt., June 15, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Hon- 
orably discharged June 10, 1865. 

CONNER, ANDREW J., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 5, 1862. Serg't Maj. 24th Infy, 
. First Lt., July 9, 1863. Capt., June 9, 1864. Resigned for disability, Oct. 14, 

1864, and honorably discharged. 

CONNER, WILLIAM B., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y F, 
5th Infy. Second Lt., Ap'l 3, 1862. Resigned Sept. 15, 1862, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

CONNINGTON, THOMAS, Detroit. Entered service Nov. 19, 1861, as Serg't Comp'v K, 
1st U. S. S. S. First Lt., Sept. 27, 1862. Killed in action at Locust Grove, Va., 
Nov, 27, 1863. 

CONSIDINE, JOHN, Detroit. First Lt. 15th Infy, Jan. 1, 1862. Capt., July 6, 1863. 
Honorably discharged Oct. 31, 1864. 

CONVERSE, OWEN M., Ypsilanti. Entered service Sept. 14, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y E, 
11th Cav. Second Lt., Jan. 10, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 10, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

CONVERSE, DANIEL G., Saranac. Entered service June 10, 1861, Serg't Maj, 3d 
Infy, . First Lt,, Mar. 15, 1864. Capt,, June 13, 1864, Mustered out July 5, 

1865, and honorably discharged, 

CONVERSE, MYRON A,, Corunna. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y B, 
7th Infy, Second Lt. 10th Cav., July 25, 1863. First Lt., Ap'l 1, 1864. Capt, Jan. 
5, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 11, 1865, and honorably discharged, 

COOK, ADRIAN L., Hastings. Entered service Sept. 2, 1863. Serg't Comp'y M, 8th 
Cav., . Second Lt., Aug. 26, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged Sept. 22, 1865. 

COOK, ALVIN v., Oshtemo. Second Lt, 25th Infy, Aug. 10, 1862. Honorably dis- 
charged for disability Jan, 4, 1864. 

COOK, ALEXANDER H., Worth. Entered service Sept, 9, 1862. Serg't Comp'v C, 6th 
Cav., . Second Lt., July 1, 1864. First Lt., Deo. 10, 1864. Honorably dis- 
charged May 15, 1865. 

COOK, BRADFORD, HoweU. Second Lt. 10th Infy, Oct. 1, 1861. Fii'st Lt., May 25, 
1862. Capt., May 13, 1863. Died June 29, 1864, of wounds received in action at 
Kenesaw Mountain, Ga., June 27, 1864. 

COOK, CHARLES, Marlette. Entered service Sept. 12, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 10th 

Infy, . Second Lt., May 8. 1865. First Lt., May 20, 1865. Mustered out July 

19, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

COOK, GEORGE, Grass Lake. Entered service Aug. 12, 1862, as Pvt. Comp'y F, 20th 
Infy. Second Lt. 2d Infy, Ap'l 1, 1864. Wounded in action near Petersbura:, Va., 
June 18, 1864. First Lt., July 30, 1864. Capt., Oct. 7, 1864. Mustered out July 28, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

COOK, GEORGE W., Ann Arbor. Entered service Sept. 5, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 16th 

Infy, . Second Lt., June 27, 1862. Wounded in action June 27, 1862. First 

Lt., Nov. 3, 1862. Capt., Dec. 16, 1863. Mustered out Sept. 26, 1864, and honorably 
discharged. 

COOK, HENRY C, Utica, N. Y. Entered service Feb. 22, 1865, as Serg't Comp'y D, 11th 
Infy. First Lt., Mar. 1, 1865. Mustered out Sept, 28, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

COOK, HIRAM, Oshtemo, Capt. 25th Infy, Aug. 10, 1862. Resigned Dec, 9, 1863, and 
honorably discharged, 

COOK, JOHN Q. A., Antrim. Second Lt., 10th Cav., July 25, 1863. Resigned Ap'l 12, 
1864, aud honorably discharged. 






MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 803 

€00K, PETER N., Antrim. Capt. 10th Cav., July 25, 1863. Maj., Fob. 18, 1865. Mus- 
tered out Nov. 11, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

COOK, WILLIAM W,, Adrian. Entered sei-vice Dec. 18, 1862. Serg't Maj. 9th Cav., 

. First Lt. and Adjt., Mar. 15, 1864. Taken prisoner in action Dec. 4, 1864. 

Exchanged . Honorably discharged May 15, 1865. 

COOKE, EDWIN D., Niles. Entered service Sept. 15, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y A, 7th 
Cav. Second Lt., May 24, 1865. Not mustered as an cflacer. Honorably discharged 
Aug. 16, 1865. 

COOLEY, MAXWELL G., Flint. Entered service Oct. 8, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y A, 10th 
liif y. Second Lt., Mar. 31, 1863. Resigned Dec. 28, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

COON, DERBY L., Ionia. Battalion Adjt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. Mustered out June 1, 

18()2, and honorably discharged. 

COOPER, JAMES. Niles. Entered service Sept. 19, 1861. Serg't Comp'y D, 8th Inf'y, 

. Second Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably discharged 

July 30, 1865. 

COOPER, LUKE H., Monroe. Ass't Surg. 17th Inf'y, Feb. 27, 1864. Resigned Oct. 21, 
1864, and honorably discharged. 

COOYEOU, JOSEPH, Detroit. Entered service Feb. 25, 1862. Serg't Batt. H. 1st 
Ligiit Art., . Second Lt., Dec. 27, 1864. Resigned June 10, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

COPELAND, WILLIAM A., Midland. Entered sei-vice Oct. 16, 1861. Serg't Corap'v B, 

lOlh Inf'y, . Second Lt., Mar. 31, 1863. First Lt., Sept. 24, 1864. Capt., May 

8, 1865. Honorably discharged as Second Lt. May 15, 1865. 

COPELAND, JOSEPH T., Pontiac. Lt. Col. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Col. 5th Cav., 
Aug. 14, 1862. Brig. Gen. Vol's, Nov. 29, 1862. Resigned Nov. 8, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

COPELAND. FREDERICK A., Pontiac. First Lt. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Capt. 5th 
Cav., Aug. 14. 1862. Resigned Jan. 10, 1863. Reappointed First Lt., Jan. 11, 1863. 
Honorably dLsrlunged Aug. 10, 1864. Capt. and A. A. G., U. S. Vol's, June 3U, 1864. 
Mustered out Sept. 19, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

COQUILLARD, JAMES, Detroit. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861. Serg't Comp'y F, 7th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Feb. 27, 1864. Capt., Oct. 5, 1864. Honorably discharged 

May 15, 1865. 

COQUILLARD, HENRY, Detroit. Second Lt. 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. Resigned Nov. 
27, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

CORBIN, HENRY B., Union City. Second Lt, Batt. D., First Light Art., Sept. 10, 186L 
First Lt., June 20, 1862. Capt., Mar. 23, 1864. Mustered out Feb. 8. 1865, and hou- 
orably discharged. 

CORBIN, GEORGE E., Granville. Entered service Sept. 12, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'v F, 
2d Cav. Second Lt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 1862. Resigned Feb. 18, 1863, and honorably 
discharged. 

CORBYN, FRANK. Schoolcraft. Entered service Sept. 9, 1861, as Q. M. Serg't 3d Cav. 
Second Lt.. Sept. 15, 1862. Wounded at Water Valley, Miss., Dec. 18, 1862. Died 
of wounds Jan. 10, 1863. 

COREY, PHILIP G., Galesburg. First Lt., 6th Oav., Oct. 13, 1862. Capt., Mar. 18, 
1863. Resigned Oct. 31, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

CORDEN, JOHN, Siiline. Capt. 6th Inf'y. Aug. 19, 1861. Maj.. Feb. 1, 1864. Lt. Col., 
Oct. 16, 1864. Not mustered. Mustered out as Capt., to date Aug. 26, 1864, and 
honorably discharged. 

CORLIS, JOHN S., Grand Rapids. Entered service Sept. 3, 1861. Serg't Comp'y D, 

2d Cav., . First Lt., Feb. 27, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 17, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 



804 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

CORNELL, GEOEGE L., St. Clair. Ass't Surg. 1st S. S., Dec. 8, 1862. Honorably 
discharged Dec. 28, 1863. 

CORNEVIN, PAUL, Detroit. Second Lt. 2d Mich. Lancers, Dec. 17, 1861. Mustered 
out Mar. 19, 1862. Capt. 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. Talien prisoner at Cyntliiana, Ky., 
June 10, 1864. Paroled June 14, 1864. Mustered out July 21, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

COEWIN. DWIGHT I., Brady. Entered service Aug. 5, 1862. Serg't Corap'y K, 19th 
Infy, . First Lt., Jan. 31, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged June 10, 1865. 

CO SHUN, JOSEPH, Kalamazoo. Entered service July 29, 1862. Serg't Comp'y F, 
lyth Infy, . Second Lt., June 15, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honor- 
ably discharged June 10, 1865. 

COTTON, BENJAMIN A., Saranac. Entered service Sept. 16, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
E, 1st Eng s and Mech's. First Lt., Jan. 1, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

COTTON, JAY F., Chesterfield. Entered service Aug. 15, 1861, as Corp'l Comp'y I, 9th 
Infy. Discharged Dec. 11, 1862. Pvt. Comp'y I, 1st Cav., Nov. 7, 1863. Wounded 
at Trevillian Station, June 11, 1864, Second Lt., Ap'l 1, 1865. Mustered out Mar. 
10, 1866, and honorabh' discharged. 

COTTON, OWEN W., Mt. Clemens. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 

B, 5th Infy. Second Lt., Sept. 12, 1862. First Lt., Oct. 21. 1862. Wounded in 
action at Chancellorsville, Ya., May 3, 1863. Honorably discharged for disability 
Aug. 19, 1863. 

OOTTEELL. ABEAM, Lansing. First Lt. 8th Infy, Aug. 12. 1861. Taken prisoner, 
June 16, 1862. Released Oct. 14, 1862. Capt., Sept. 1, 1862. Eesigned Mar. 19, 
18 :;3. First Lt. Vet. Eeserve Corps, Aug. 18, 1863. Capt., Dec. 10, 1863. Honor- 
ably discharged for disability, Sept. 15, 1865. 

COUSE, EDWAED, Detroit. Second Lt., 27th Infy, Oct. 10, 1862. Eesigned May 25,. 
1863, and honorably discharged. 

COVEL, JAMES F., . First Lt., Comp'y I, 1st U. S. S. S., Mar. 5, 1862. Capt., 

Feb. 4, 1863. Honorably discharged, , 

COVELL, HENRY L., Grand Rapids. Entered .service Oct. 23, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y 

C, 10th Cav. Second Lt., Aug. 3, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 11, 1865, and'^ honorably 
discharged. 

COVELL, ELLIOTT F., Grand Rapids. Entered service Oct. 3, 1861. Q. M. Serg't 1st 
Eny's and Mech's, . Sup(>rnumerary Second Lt., 61h Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. Sec- 
ond Lt., Mar. 16, 1863. Capt. 10th Cav., July 25, 1863. Eesigned Mar. 17, 1864, and 
honorably discharged. 

COWLES, SYLVESTEE D., Pontiac. Finst Lt. and Adjt 10th Infy, Nov. 8, 1861. 
Killed in action at Farmington, Miss., May 26, 1862. 

COX, HENRY, Detroit. Ent(>red service Aug. 13, 1861. Hosp'l Stew'd 1st Cav., , 

Ass't Si.ig. Dec. 5, 1864. Mustered out June 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CRAIG, SELDEN F., Niles. Second Lt., 6th Infy, Aug. 19, 1861. First Lt., Ap'l 1, 

1862. Capt., July 17, 1863. Mustered out Aug. 20, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CRAMPTON, THOMAS, Bronson. Entered service Jan 1, 1862. Serg't Comp'y K, 7th 
Infy, . Second Lt., Oct. 5, 1864. Mustered out July 5, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

CRAMER, PETER, Woodland. First Lt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13. 1862. Eesigned Feb, 18, 

1863, and honorably discharged, 

CRANE, ALEXANDER D., Dexter. Capt. 4th Infy, May 16, 1861. Resigned July 26, 
1861, and hojiorably discharged on account of injuries received while in discharge of 
his duty. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 805 

CEANE, HEBER, Detroit. Second Lt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. Died of disease Ap'l 11, 

18G2. 

€EANE, EUGENE W., Tecumseh. Entered service Aug;. 1, 1862. as Serg't Comp'y E, 
18th Infy. Second Lt., Nov. 7, 18G4. Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

CRANDALL, ALONZO H., Fremont. Entered service Aug. 14, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
G, 2M Infy. Second Lt., Feb. 24, 1864. First Lt., Oct. 6, 1864. Mustered out 
June 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

€RANSON, JOEL H.. St. Johns. Entered service Dec. 5, 1863, as Pvt. Comp'y G, 23d 
Infy. Promoted to non-commissioned staff Mar. 1, 1865. Transferred to 28th Infy, 
June 28, 1865. Second Lt., Nov. 12, 1865. Not mustered as an oflicer. Honorably 
discharged as Com. Serg't June 5, 1866. 

€RAVATH, ISAAC M., Lansing. Capt. 12th Infy, Oct. 10, 1861. Resigned Sept. 13, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

€RAW, EDWARD L., Lyons. First Lt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. Capt. May 9, 1863. 
Honorably discharged for disability Nov. 12, 1863. 

CRAWFORD, JOHN G., FentonvUle. Entered service Sept. 2, 1861. Serg't Maj. 2d 
Cav., . Second Lt., Sept. 9, 1862. Resigned Mar. 31, 1863, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

CRAWFORD, WALTER, Milford. Entered service Aug. 18, 1862. Serg't Comp'y H, 5th 
Cav., . Second Lt., Ap'l 17, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged June 19, 1865. 

CRAWFORD, GEORGE W., Plainfleld. Supernumerary Second Lt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 

1862. Second Lt., May 9, 1863. Wounded in action at Falling Waters, Md., July 14, 

1863. Honorably discharged for disability Feb. 17, 1864. 

CRAWFORD, JOHN M., Ray. Capt. 8th Cav., Nov. 1, 1862. Resigned for disability 
June 16, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

CRAWFORD, DAVID C, Lvons. Entered service June 10, 1861. as Serg't Comp'y E, 3d 
Infy. Second Lt., July I'J, 1861. First Lt., Sept. 22, 1862. Capt., Nov. 1, 1863. 
Wounded in action at Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, 1862. Mustered out June 20, 1864, 
and honorably discharged. 

CRAWFORD, LYMAN G.. Romeo. Second Lt. 3d Infy, July 29, 1864. First Lt., Jan. 
8, 1865. Capt., Feb. 25, 1866. Mustered out as First Lt. May 25, 1866, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

CRAY, CHARLES D., Allegan. Entered service Jan. 1, 1864. Serg't Comp'y K, 8th 

Cav., . Second Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Not mustered. Killed in a charge upon 

bushwhackers near Sugar Creek, Tenn., Ap'l 27, 1865. 

CREAGER, MARVIN H., Berlin. Entered service Aug. 30, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y F, 
2d ( av. Si'coiid Lt., Mar. 1, 1864. Capt., Dec. 15, 1864. Mustered out Aug. 17, 
1865. and honorably discharged. 

CREEVY, WILLIAM, Lexington. Second Lt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. Capt., July 1, 
J86-4. Mustered out Nov. 7, 1865, and honorably dischargt-d. 

CREGO, GEORGE W., Kalamazoo. Entered service May 25, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y I, 
2d Infy. Second Lt., Sept. 22, 1861. First Lt., Dec. 4, 1861. Resigned Jan 27, 
1863, and honorably discharged. 

CRIPPEN. BRADLEY, Cokhvater. Entered service Oct. 1. 1861. IIosp'l Stew'd Butt. 

A, 1st Light Art., Discharged Oct. 29, 1864. Ass't Surg. 16th Infy, to rank from 

Apl 27, 1864. No further record. 

CRITTENDEN, EMORY O., Marsliall. Capt. let Eng's and Mech's. Sept. 12, 1861. 
Maj., Nov. 3, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably dischargt-d. 

€RITTENDEN, J. NEWTON. Mnrshall. Second Lt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Jan. 1, 1864. 
First Lt., Sept. 3, 1864. Resigned Sept 14, 1865, and honorably discharged. 



8 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

CEOCKER, ERASTUS B., Battle Creek. Entered service Sept. 8, 1862, as Serg't 
Comp'y A, 7th Cav. Second Lt., Oct. 12, 1864. First Lt., May 24, 1865. Capt., 
May 26, 1865. Mustered out as First Lt., Dec. 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CROFOOT, JOHN L., Niles. Entered service Oct. 14, 1861. Serg't Comp'y C, 12th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Sept. 14, 1862. Honorably discharged for disability Ap'l 28, 

1864. 

CROOKS, CHESTER C, Portage Lake. Entered service Aug. 10, 1861, as Serg't Comp'r 
B, 1st Cav. Second Lt., June 3, 1864. First Lt., Oct. 25, 1864. Capt., Mar. 7, 1865. 
Mustered out Mar. 10, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

CROSS, JULIUS C, Three Rivers. Capt. 25th Inf'y, Aug. 10, 1862. Resigned Ap'l 7, 
1803, and honorably discharged. 

CROSS, LESTER E., Saginaw City. Second Lt. 23d Inf'y, Aug. 1, 1862. First Lt., Oct. 

19, 1862. Resigned Dec. 17, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

CROSBY, FREEMAN R., Napoleon. Ass't Surg. 17th Inf'y, Nov. 7, 1862. Resigned 
Ap'l 20, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

CROSBY, CALVIN B., Plymouth. Capt. 24th Inf'y, July 26, 1862. Resigned Dec. 5, 

1862, and honorably discharged. 

CROTTY. DANIEL G., Giand Rapids. Entered service June 10, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 

F, 3d Inf'y, . Second Lt. 5th Int'y, May 8, 1S65. Not mustered as an officer. 

Mustered out July 5, 1885, and honorably discharged. 

CROWELL, REUBEN, Ann Arbor. Ass't Surg. 7lh Cav., July 7, 1863. Not mustered. 

CROWELL, ELIJAH H., Greenville. Capt. 21st Infy, July 30, 1862. Col., Nov. 14, 
1864. Mustered out as Capt., June 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CROWLEY, CORNELIUS D., Almont. Entered service Nov. 4, 1862. Serg't Comp'y E, 
8th Cav., . Second Lt., Sept. 1, 1863. First Lt., Jan. 8, 1865. Resigned as Sec- 
ond Lt., Ap'l 4, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CUDNEY, CHARLES H., Flint. Entered service Oct. 8, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y B, 1st 
Eng'sand Mech's. First Lt., Nov. 3, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

CUFF, DANIEL O., North Plains. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y K, 
21 ct Iiil'y. Second Lt., Nov. 12, 1863. Mustered out June 8, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

CULVER, CHARLES D., Mt. Clemens. First Lt. Batt. M, 1st Light Art., Ap'll, 1863. 
Resigned Oct. 26, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

CULVER, JOSHUA B., Paw Paw. First Lt. and Adjt. 13th Infy, . Maj., July 4, 

1862. Lt. Col., Feb. 26, 1N63. Col., May 26, 1863. Mustered out Feb. 23, 1865. 
Re-commissioned as Col., Ap'l 11, 1865. Mustered out July 25, 1865, and honorably 
dibuharged. 

CULVER, ALBERT B., Ionia. Second Lt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 12, 1861. First 
Lt., July 14, 1862. Resigned Jan. 8, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

CULVER. JOHN C, Hamburg. Capt. 261h Inf'y, Sept. 1, 1862. Died May 24, 1863, of 
wounds received in action May 23, 18i;3. 

CUMMINS, JAMEg H., Holly. First Lt. 10th Cav . July 25, 1863. Capt., Ap'l 1, 1864. 
Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, for gallantry in action at High Pouit, N. C, 
where, with one battalion of his regiment, he captured and destroyed more than 
three million dollars worth of the enemy's property. Mubiored out Nov. 11, 1865, 
and honorably discliaiged. 

CUMMINS, WILLIAM E., Corunna. First Lt. Kith Cav., July 25, 1863. Wounded iu 
action at FinL Creek, East Tenn., Aug. 24, 1864. Capt., Jan. 7, 1865. Mustered out 
Nov. 11, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

OUMMINGS, FRANCIS H., Grand Rapids. Chap. 3d Inf'y, May 13, 1861. Resigned 
Ap'l 1, 1862, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAJS- IN TUE WAE. bU? 

CUMMIXGS, HORACE W., Niles. Firbt Lt. 6th Ixif'y, Aug. 19, 1861. Capt.. Sept. 1, 
lb62. Died of disetise near CarroUton, La., Nov. 13, 1802. 

CUMMINGS. CHAS. S., Flint. Second Lt. 29th Tnf'y, July 29, 1864. First Lt., May 
31, 1«G5. Adjt., July 7, 1805. Miistmed out 8opt. 0, 1805. and honorably dLticharged. 

CUMMIXGS, RALPH W., Bay City. Entered service July 28, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
F, 23d Inf'y. Ass't Surg., Nov. 10, 1862. Mustered out Mar. 10, 1864, and honorably 
discharged. 

CUMSTOCK, WARREN C, Grand Rapids. First Lt, 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. Resigned 
Mar. 23, 18G3, aud honorably discharged. 

CUNNINGHAM, JOHN, Detroit. Fir.st Lt. 17th Inf'y, June 17, 1862. Honorably dis- 
charged Feb. 17, 1863, 

CURRY, LEWIS V., Brighton. .Second Li. 9th Ini'y, Oct. 12, 1861. Resigned Dec. 20, 

1862, and honorably discharged, 

CURTENIUS, FREDERICK W.. Kalamazoo. Capt. Comp'y A, 1st Mich. Vol's. Mexican 
War, Oct. 30, 1847. Musleied out at close of war. Col. Oth Infy, June 10, 1801. 
Resigned June 20, 1802, aud honorably dibonarged. 

CURTIS, CYRUS M., Miirshall. Entered service Sept. 2, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y K. Ist 
Eng's and Mech's. Second Lt , July 30, 1862. First Lt., Jan. 1, 1864. Capt.. Nov, 

3, 1864, Resigned June 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

CURTIS. DAVID A, Augusta. Chap. 18th Inf'y, Nov. 20, 1802, Resigned Aug. 8, 1863, 
and honorably discharged, 

CURTIS, NELSON D., Kalamazoo, First Lt. 17th lufy, June 17, 1862. Resigned Dec. 

4, 1862, aud honorably discharged. 

CURTISS, CHARLES H.. Detroit. Eiitorpd service Aug. 22, 1861, as Q. M. Serg't 7th 
luf'y. Second Lt., Ap'l 15, 1862. First Lt., Feb. 10, 1863. Capt., Mar. 2, 1864. 
Resigned as First Lt., June 12, 1864, aud honorably discharged. 

CURTISS, GEORGE W,, Saginaw. Entered service July 8, 1801. Serg't Comp'y F, 

IbL Inf'y . Second Lt., Oct, 3, 1804, First Lt., Nov. 1, 1804. Wounded in action 

Mar. 2J, 1865. Capt., May 30, 1865. Mustered out July 9, 1805, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

CURTISS, SAMUEL B., Howell, First Lt. 1st Mich, or 102d U, S, Col'd Infy, Nov, 23, 

1863, Resigned Aug. 13, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

CURTISS, SESSIONS P., Vergennes, Entered service Sept, 14, 1802, Seig't Maj. 

Glh Cav., . First Lt., Dec. 10, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 24, 1865, and honoiaMv 

discharged. 

CURTISS, SYLVANUS W.. Monroe. First Lt.. 7th Inf'y, June 19. 1861. Cnpt , Mar. 
1, 1802. Maj., May 26, 1803. Mustered out Oct. 5, 1804, and honorably discharge. i. 

CUSTER, THOMAS W,, Monroe. Corp'l 21st Ohio Infy, . Second Lt., 0th Mich. 

Cav., July 11, 1804. Bvt. l.-t Lt., Ca|«t.. and Maj., U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for 
distirmuished and gallant conduct." Mustered out Apr'l 24, 1806. Second Lt., 1st U. 

5, Infy, Feb. 23, 1800. First Lt. 7Lh U. S. Cav., July 28, 180.. Bvt. Capt., Mar. 2, 
1807, ''for gallant and distingui.-hcd conduct in the eiigagenicnt with the enemy ai 
Waynesboro, Va., Mar. 2, 1805." Bvt. Maj. Mar. 2, 1807, " for distinguished con- 
duct in the engagement Avith the enemy near Namozine Churih, Va., Ap'l 3, 1803." 
Bvt. Lt. Col., Mar, 2, 1807, lor "distinguislKHl courage aud service at the battle of 
Sailor's Creek,. Va." Capt., Dec. 2, 1875, Killed June 25, 1876, in aelion with Sioux 
Indians on Little Big Horn River, Montana Territoiy. 

CUSrniAN, JAMES M., Bronson. Entered service May 1, 1861. as Vvt. Comp'y F , Ist 
(three muiiihs) Inly. Mustered out, Aug. 7, 1801. Reentered serviee Aug. 28, 1861, 
as Seig't Comp'y H, 11th Inf'y. Fuot Lt. Aug. 3, 1803. Mustered out Sept, 30, 
1804, and honorably discharged. 



808 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

CUTCHEON, BYEON M., Ypsilaiiti. Socond Lt. 20th Inf'v, July 15, 1862. Capt., JhIv 
29, 1862. Muj., Oct. 14, 1862. Li^-ut. Col., Nov. 16, 1863. Col., Nov. 21, 1863. 
Wounded May 10, 1864. Bvt. Col. U. S. Vol's, Auir. 18, 1864, "for gallant service at 
the battle of the Wilderness, Va., and Spottsylvania, Va., and during the present 
operations before Petersburg, Va." Col. 27th luf'y, Nov. 12, 1864. Eesigned Mar. 
6, 1865, and honorablv discharged. Bvt. Brig. Gen. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, " for con- 
spicii«ous gallantry at the battle of the Wilderness, Va. " 

OUTLEE, F. BYEON, Hillsdale. Entered service Sept. 14, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y G, 
2d Cav. Second Lt., June 9, 1862. Eesigned May 2, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

CUTLEE, GEOEGE W., Eansom. Second Lt. 11th Cav., Aug. 1, 1863. Wounded in 
action and taken prisoner at Saltville, Va., Oct. 2, 1864. Sent to Libby prison. 
Exchanged Feb. 21, 1864. Honorably discharged for disability May 15, 1865. 

CUTLEE, PHILO D., Ionia. Second Lt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. First Lt., Oct. 1, 1862. 
Honorably discharged Nov. 1, 1864. 

CZIZEK, AUGUSTUS, Mt. Clemens. Second Lt., 22d Inf'y, July 31, 1862. Eesigned 
Dec. 3, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

DAFOE, JAMES, Greenfield. Capt. 16th Inf'y, July 30, 1861. Eesigned Ap'l 15, 1862. 
Capt. 27th Inf'y, Oct. 10, 1862. Honorably discharged Dec. 10, 1864. 

DAGLE, JOHN, Pentwater. Entered service Aug. 7, 1862. Serg'fc Comp'y A, 26th 
Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 9, 1865. Not mustered as an oificer. Honorably dis- 
charged June 4, 1865. 

DAILEY, AETHUE H., Battle Creek. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 

A, 6th Inf'y, . Second Lt., Sept. 1, 1863. First Lt., Nov. 25, 1864.'" Eesigned 

June 6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

DAILEY, ASA G., Niles. Capt. 26th Inf'y, Sept. 1, 1862. Taken prisoner in action 
Aug. 16, 1864. Euchanged, . Eesigned Ap'l 27, 1865, and honoiably discharged. 

DAKE, CEAWLEY, P.. Armada. Capt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. Maj., Dec. 31, 1862, 
Eesigned Aug. 9, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

DAKEN, STEPHEN M., Kalamazoo. Entered service May 25, 1861. Serg't Comp'v I, 

2d Inf'v, . Fiist Lt., Oct. 12, 1864. Wounded in action at Fort Steadiiian. Va., 

Ma.. '25, 1865. Ca])t. Ap'l 25, 1865. Maj., July 22, 1865. Mustered out as Capt. 
July 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

DALY, JOHN H., Detroit. Second Lt. Comp'v A, 23d 111. Inf'v (a Mich. Comp'y), 
June 15, 1861. Fii-st Lt., Nov. 1, 1861. Mustered out Sept. 14, 1864. First Lt. and 
Adjt. 11th Inf'y, Mar. 1, 1865. Capt., Aug. 10, 1865. Mustered out as Adjt., Sept. 
16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

DANIELS, HENEY H., Hudson. Entered service May 25, 1861. Com. S.n-g't 2d Inf'y, 

. Second Lt., Sept. 16, 1862. Fh'st Lt., Feb. 24, 1863. Ad.it.. Mar. 26, 1864. 

Capt., ]\Iav 12, 1864. Wounded in action July 30, 1864, Honorably discharged for 
disability Nov. 5, 1864. 

DANIELS, FEANCIS, Pontiao, Entered service Aug. 28, 1861. Serg't Comp'y H, 7th 
Iiil'y, . Second Lt., Dec, 18, 1864. Mustered out July 5, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

DANIELS, ALBEET, Eichland. Ass't Surg, 17th Inf'y, Aug. 8, 1862. Eesigned Oct. 14, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

DANIELS, JABEZ J., Hudson. Second Lt. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Eesigned Feb. 27, 
1862. Capt. Batt. I, 1st Light Art., Aug. 14, 1862. Eesigned Dec. 15, 1863, and lion- 
orably dischai'ged, 

DAELING, DANIEL H., East Saginaw, Capt. 7th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862. Ma,]., Mar. 22, 
1864. Lt. Col., May 26, 1865. Mustered out as Maj., Dec. 15, 1865, and laonorably 
dibcharged. 

DAELING, JAMES, Southfield. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861. Serg't Comp'y F, 5th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Sept. 19, 1864. Mustered out July 5, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 8U9 

DAELING, BENJAMIN, Mason. Entered service Sept. 9, 1801, as Soig't Comp'v K, 
8th Infy. Second Lt., Jan. 1, 1863. Honorably discharg.'d May 1, 1864. 

DAELING, ELISHA, Kalamazoo. Second Lt. 19th Infy, July 28, 1862. Eesigned Nov. 

24, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

DAEEAGH, JAMES, Monroe. Capt. 7th Infy, Aug. 19, 1861. Died of disease, Ap'l 17, 

1802. 

DAEEAGH. AECHIBALD B., Monroe. Entered sei-vice Mar. 12, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y 
1), 9th Cav. Second Lt., Oct. 15, 1863. First Lt, Feb. 12,1864. Capt., June 9, 
1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865, as Fust Lt., and honorably discharged. 

DAEEAGH, JAMES C, Monroe. Enterod service Mar. 12, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y D, 9th 
Cav. Second Lt., Mar. 26, 1864. Wounded and lost a leg near Atlanta, Ga., Oct. 1, 

1864. 1 irsl Lt. and Adjt., May 15, 1865. Mustered out as Second Lt., July 21, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

DAEEOW, EUSSELL T., Homer. Entered somce Sept. 7, 1861. as Serg't Comp'y M, 
2d Cav. Second Lt., June 1, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 1, 1864. Killed in action near 
Cypress river, Ala., Oct. 7, 1804. 

DAEEOW, WILLIAM T., Allegan. First Lt. 19th Infy, July 28, 1802. Eesigned Feb. 
6, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

DASKAM, CHAELES S., Paw Paw. Entered service Sept. 17. 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 
3d Cav , . Second Lt., Nov. 17, 1864. Mustered out Feb. 12, 1866, and honora- 
bly discharged. 

DAVID, ADDISON. Trenton. First Lt. and Com. 9th Cav., Jan. 1, 1863. Eesigned Feb. 
17, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

DAVID, JAMES I., Trenton. First Lt. and Q. M. 1st Cav., Aug. 22. 1861. Capt. and 
Ass't Q. M. U. S. Vol's, June 11, 1862. Col. 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. Eesigned for 
disability, Nov. 30, 1803, and honorably discharged. 

DAVIDSON, EDW^AED P., Muskegon. Entered service June 10, 1801. Serg't <"omp'y 
I, 5th Infy, . Second Lt., Oct. 15, 1864. Not mustered as an officer. Honor- 
ably discharged June 19, 1865. 

DAVIDSON, JOSEPH L., Kalamazoo. Entered service Aug. 20, 1862, as Serg't Comp'v 
L, 5th Cav. Second Lt., Oct. 28, 1804. First Lt., Feb. 1, 1865. Mustered out June 
22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

DAVIS. ALEXANDER G., Dearborn. Second Lt. 12th Infy, Oct. 10, 1861. Wounded In 
action at Shiloh, Tenn., Ap'l 6, 1862. Died of wounds, Ap'l 21, 1862, at Cincinnati, 
Ohio. 

DAVIS. BAELOW, Piltsfield. Second Lt. 30th Infy, Nov. 28, 1864. Fir.-^t Lt., IMay 31, 

1865. Mustered out as Second Lt., June 30, 1805, and honorably discharged. 

DAVIS, BENJAMIN F., Battle Creek. Entered service Sept. 1, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y 
F, 11th Cav. Second Lt., Oct. 4, 1864. Killed in action at Marion, Va., Dec. 18, 
1864, before muster as a Lt. 

DAVIS, CALEB F, Detroit. Second Lt. Independent Comp'y (Brady Guard) June 18, 
1847, Mexican 'War. Mustered out at the close of the war. Second Lt. C'otnp'v K, 
1st U. S. S. S., Nov. 12, 1861. Honorably discharged for disability, Oct. 11, 1862. 

DAVIS, CHAELES, Albion. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861. Serg't Comp'y I, 6th Infy. 

. First Lt., July 21. 1864. Wounded in action at Ashton, Ark., July 24, isr,4. 

Mustered out Aug. 20, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

DAVIS, COLLINS, Tecumseh. Capt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 18G1. Resigned Ap'l 1. 1802, 
and honorably discharged. 

DAVIS, GEORGE N., Albion. Capt. 1st S. S., Mar. 31, 1863. Eesigned Nov. 26, 
1864, and honorably discharged. 

DAVIS, HENEY, Belleville. Entered service Oct. 23, 1861, ns Serg't Compy B. 14th 

Infy. Second Lt., Juno 25, 1804. First Lt., Aug. 10, 1804. Capt.. Feb. 1(». 1805. 

Wounded in action. Mar. 19, 1865. Mustered out July 18, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

102 



810 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 



DAVIS, JONATHAN E., Macomh. 
4, 1864, and honorably dischar^ 



Ass't SurR. 27th Infy, Dec. 23, 1862. 
od. 



Resigned Jan, 



DAVIS, LEWIS P , Eonieo. Entered service Aus:. 9, 1862. Serg't Maj. 22d Infy, . 

Second Lt., Nov. 7, 1864. Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

DAVIS, OSCAR L., East Saainaw. Entered service Aua:. 6, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y B, 
23d Infv. Second Lt., Dec. 17, 1862. First Lt. and Q. M., July 20, 1863. Honor- 
ably discharged for disability Feb. 23, 1864. 

DAVIS, OSCAR A., Savannah. Ga. Entered sei-vice , as Pvt. 10th Mich. Cav. Sec- 
ond Lt. 1st Mich., or l(i2d U. S. Col'd Infy, May 8, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 30, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

DAVIS, PERRY J., Allegan. Entered service Aug. 6, 1862. Sorg't Comp'y L, 4th Cav., 

. First Lt. and Q. M., Aug. 25, 1864. Bvt. Capt. U. S. Vol's, May 10, 1865, 

"for meritorious service in the capture of Jeff. Davis." Mustered out July 1, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

DAVIS, ROBERT W., Pontiac. Lt. Col. 14th Infy, Nov. 30, 1861. Resigned Sept. 8, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

DAVIS, STANLEY W., Wheatland. Entered service July 23, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y A, 
l.sth Infy. Second Lt., Jan. 31, 1863. First Lt., Mar. 1, 1864. Wounded and taken 
prisoner at Athens, Ala., Sept. 24, 1864. Paroled Nov. 14, 1864. Mustered out June 
26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

DAVIES, WILLIAM C, Detroit. Lt. Col. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. Resigned Mar. 31, 
1862. First Lt. 1st Cav., Aug. 1, 1862. Capt., May 5, 1863. Honorably discharged 
Dec. 5, 1863. 

DAVISON, JEHIEL, Tecumseh. Entered service Aug. 13, 1862. Serg't Comp'y F, 26th 

Infy, . Second Lt., June 9, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 

chaiged June 4, 1865. 

DAVISON, OLIVER I., East Saginaw. Entered service Nov. 14, 1862, as Serg't Comp'v 
H, 27th Infy. Second Lt., May 25, 1863. First Lt., Ap'l 20, 1864. Wounded in 
action near Petersburg, Va., July 30, 1864. Capt. 1st Independent Comp'y S. S., Nov. 
15, 18G4. Bvt. jMiij. U. S. Vols, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service." 
Mustered out July 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

DAVENPORT, GEORGE W., . Entered service Aug. 15, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y F, 

5tli Cav. First Lt. 8th Cav., Jan. 28, 1864. Mustered out Ap'l 30, 1864, and honor- 
ably discharged. 



Serg't Comp'y F, 20th 
Mustered out May 30, 



DAWES, MARTIN C, Brooldyn. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862. 

Infy, . First Lt., Oct. 24, 1864. Capt., Dec. 20, 1864. 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

DAY, ALBERT A., Ann Arbor. Entered service Aug. 15, 1862, as Pvt. Comp'y H, 20th 
Infy. Second Lt., May 23, 1863. First Lt., May 12, 1864. Capt., Sept. 10, 1864. 
Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 25, 1865, "for conspicuous gallantry in the attack on Fort 
Steadnian, Va." Clustered out May 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

DAY, CHARLES G., Hudson. Entered service Aug. 25, 1862, as Serg't Batt. L 1st Light 
Art. Second Lt., June 9, 1864. First Lt., Feb. 1, 1865. Mustered out July 14, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

DEAN, THOMAS, Alleaan. Entered service Sept. 1, 1861, as Serg't Comp'v A, 3d Cav. 
Second Lt.. Oel. 1, 1862. First Lt., Feb. 16, 1863. Capt., Oct. 26, 1864. Rcbigned 
Oct. 17, 1865, ;ind honorably discharged. 

DEAN, THOMAS I, Northville, Second Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 31, 
1863. Wounded in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 3, 1863. Taken prisi'iier in action 
near James City, Va., Oet. 10, 1863. Exchanged "Mar. 1, 1865. Capt., Ap'l 14, ia65. 
Mustered out July 11, 1865, and honorably discharged. 



DEANE, CHARLES W., Pentwater. Capt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. 
Resigned Jan. 5, 1865, and honorably dibcharged. 

DEAN, HENRY S., Green Oak. Capt. 22d Infy, July 31, 1862. Maj., Jan. 5, 1863. 
Col., June 7, 1864. Mustei-ed out June 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 



Maj., Nov. 11, 1863. 



Lt. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 811 

DEAN, LTMAN H., Morenci. Chap. 30th Infy, Ap'l 6, 1865. Mustered out June 30, 
18G5, and honorably discharged, 

DEAN, FKEDERICK J., Grand Rapids. Entered service Aug. 1, 1862. Serg't Chicago 

Board of Trade Batt., . Second Lt. 13th Batt., Sept. 13, 1SG4. First Lt., Jan. 

2, 1865. Eesigued June 5, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

DeBOE, martin, Holland. First Lt. 25th Infy, Aug. 10, 1862. Capt., Feb. 17, 1863. 

Mustered out June 24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

DeBOLT, WM. H., Kalamazoo. Entered service Nov. 6, 1861, as Serg't Cunip'y H, 12th 
Infy. Second Lt., Mar. 15, ISGi. Resigned Aug. 20, 186-1, and honorably discharged. 

DeCAMP, WM. H., Grand Rapids. Surg. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 12, 1861. Mus- 
tered out Oct. 26, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

DECKER, CLARK W., Adrian. Entered service May 1, 1801, as Pvt. Comp'y K, 1st (3 
months) Inl'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Second Lt. 11th Cav.. Aug. 1, 1863. 
Transferred to 8th Cav. on consolidation. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honora- 
bly discharged. 

DECKER, ELMER F., Marquette. Entered service Aug. 8, 1861, ae Serg't Comp'y B, 
1st Cav. Second Lt., Nov. 12, 1862. First Lt., May 18, 1863. Wounded in a. tion at 
Gettysburg, Pa., July 3, 1863. Capt., Aug. 1, 1864.' Honorably discharged Mar. 7, 
18G5. 

DECKER, GABRIEL M., Hillsdale. Second Lt. 17th Infy, Nov. 18, 1862. Honorably 
discharged for disability, Sept. 19, 1863. 

DECKER, HENRY F., Port Huron. Second Lt. 5th Infy, Jan. 19, 1861. First Lt., Oct. 
28, 1861. Resigned Nov. 28. 1862, and honombly discharged. 

DeCLUTE, CHANCEY H., Coldwater. Second Lt. 28th Infy, Aug. 15, 1^64. First Lt., 
Mar. 26, 1865. Mustered out June 5, 1866, and houorubiy dischargeo. 

DEES, ALEXANDER, Detroit. Capt. Batt. C, Ist Light Art., Sept. 1, 1861. Resigned 
Nov. 20, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

DeGRAFF, HENRY, Adrian. Entered sei-vice Dec. 4, 1862, as Com. Serg't 7th Cav. 
Second Lt., May 26, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably discharged Nov. 
7, 1865. 

DeGOYLEB, SAMUEL, Hudson. Capt. 4th Infy, Mav 16, 1861. Maj., Sept. 25. 1861. 
R.'!-iiined Jan. 12, 1862. Capt. Batt. H, 1st Light Art., Mar. 11, 1862. Died at 
Hudson, Mich., Aug. 8, 1863, of wounds received at the siege of Vicksbuig, Miss., 
May 28, 1863. 

DeLAND, CHAS. v., Jackson. Capt. 9th Infy, Oct. 12, ISGi. Taken prisoner at Mur- 
freesboro, Tenn., July 15^, 1862. Exchanged Dec. — , 1862. Col. 1st S. S.. J»in. 1, 

1863. Wounded in action at Spotlsylvauia, Va., May 12, 1864. Wounded inaction 
beft)re Petersburg, Va., July 30, 1864. Wounded and taken prisoner at Poplar 
Spring Church, Va., Sept. 30, 1864. Exchanged Feb. — , 1865. Honorably di.seiiarged 
Feb. 4, 1S65. Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 14, 1865, "for gallant and meritori- 
ous service. " 

DeLAND, JAMES S., Jackson. Entered service Dec. 29, 1863. Serg't Maj. 1st S. S , 
. First Lt. June 20, 1864. Wounded in action nt-ar Peteisburg, Va., July 11, 

1864. Capt., Nov. 20, 1864. Wounded in action at Petersburg, Ap'l 2, 1865. Bvt. 
Maj. U. S. Vol's, Ap'l 2, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service in the assmilt 
before Petersburg, Va." Mustered out July 28, 1865, and honorably dis-eharged. 

DEM.\BEST, SAMUEL L., Otisco. Capt. 25lh Infy, Aug. 10, 1862. Mnj., Ap'l 12, 
1864. Woundt'd in action at Resaca, Ga., May 14, 1864. Wounded in action near 
Kenesaw Mt., Ga., June 27, 1864. Mustered out as Capt., June 24. 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

DEMEREE. COURTLAND R., Flint. Entered service Aug. 13, 1864, as Serg't Comp'y 
G, 2yih Infy. Second Lt., July 13, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably 
discharged Sept. 6. 1865. 



813 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 

DEMING, LAFAYETTE L., Jackson. Capt. 10th Inf'y, Oct. 1, 1861. Resigned Sept. 3, 
1S62, and honorably discharged. 

DEMONT, RICHARD A., Bertrand. Entered service Oct. 14, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y C, 
12th Infy. Second Lt, Oct. 1, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 19, 1864. Capt., June 9, 1864. 
Resigned Nov. 15, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

DENEL, WILLIAM A., New Buffalo. Entered service Jan. 17, 1862. Serg't Comp'y E, 

12th Inf'y, . Second Lt., Oct. 11, 1864. First Lt., Feb. 15, 1865. Capt., June 

10, 1865. Mustered out Feb. 15, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

DENISON, ROLLIN C. Kalamazoo. Capt. 1st Cav., Aug. 22,1861. Resigned Ap'l 23, 
1863, and honorably discharged. 

DENISON, STEPHEN A, Madison. Second Lt. 18th Inf'v, Julv 27, 1862. Fu-st Lt., 
Dec. 13, 1862. Capt., Mar. 21, 1865. Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

DENNIS, JOHN J., Grand Rapids. Capt. 3d Inf'y, May 13, 1861. Resigned Aug. 7, 

1861. Capt. Batt. E, 1st Light Art., Nov. 5, 1861. Resigned June 9, 1862, and hon- 
orably dischai-ged. 

DENNISON, CHARLES, Brighton. First Lt. 5th Inf'y, Sept. 4, 1861. Wounded in 
action at Pohick Church, Va., Jan. 1, 1862. Resigned Liar. 6, 1862, and honorably 
discharged. 

DESPELDER, PETER, Grand Haven. Entered service Oct. 3, 1861. Serg't Comp'y I, 

16th Inf'y, . Second Lt., May 8, 1865. First Lt., July 7, 1865. Mustered out 

as Second Lt., July 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

DEVENS, ELIJAH J., Coldwater. Capt. 8th Cav., Nov. 1, 1862. Resigned Ap'l 8, 1864, 
and honorably discharged. 

DEVEREUX, NICHOLAS, Marshall. Second Lt. 14th Inf'y, Nov. 18, 1861. First Lt., 
Mar. 25, 1862. Honorably discharged Feb. 18, 1865. 

DeVRIES, peter, Adrian. Second Lt. Batt. E, 1st Light Art., Dec. 15, 1861. First 
Lt., June 9, 1862. Capt., Mar. 16, 1862. Mustered out July 20, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

DeWATER, ORVILLE H., Kalamazoo. Entered service Nov. 18, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 
H, 13th Inf'y, . Second Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Died Ap'l 30, 1865, before muster. 

DEWEY, WILLIAM A. Leshe. First Lt. 20th Inf'y, July 29, 1862. Capt., Dec. 30, 

1862. Killed in action near Petersburg, Va., June 18, 1864. 

DEYO, ELIJAH P., Alamo. Entered service Dec. 10, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y K, 13th 
Infy. Second Lt., July 13, 1862. Fir.st Lt., Mar. 5, 1863. Wounded in action at 
Chickamauga, Tenn., Sept. 19, 1863. Mustered out Jan. 16, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

DIBBLE, SPENCER, Marshall. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y T, 1st (3 
months) Infy. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Reentered service Dec. 2, 1862, as Serg't 
Comp'y A, 8th Cav. First Lt., June 3, 1864. Not mustered as an officer. Missing 
in action at Henryville, Tenn., Nov. 23, 1864. No further record. 

DICEY, ELMER C, White Pigeon. Supernumerary Second Lt., 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 
1862. Resigned Dec. 20, 1862. Capt. 1st S. S., Mar. 31, 1863. Taken prisoner at 
Petersburg, Va., July 30, 1864. Honorably discharged May 6. 1865. 

DICK, JOSEPH, Grand Rapids. Entered service Oct. 16, 1861. Serg't 1st Comp'y S. 
S., 16Lh Inf'y, . Second Lt. July 7, 1865. Not mustered as an olliccr. Hon- 
orably discharged July 8, 1865. 

DICKENSON, EDWIN J., Battle Creek. First Lt. Comp'y L, Merrill Horse, Dec. 17, 
1862. Resigned June 11, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

DICKENSON, THOMAS J., Grand Rapids. First Lt., 3d Infy, July 29, 1864. Died of 
dibcubc at Huntsville, Ala., Nov. 13, 1864. 



MICHIGAN IN TUE WAR. 813 

DICKENSON, "WILLIAM H., . First Lt. 3d Cav. Sept. 7. 1861. Capt., Feb. 27, 

1862. Resigned May 2-i, 1862. Lt. Col. 4th Cav., Sept. 1, 1862. Resigned Feb. 18, 

1863, and honorably discharged. 

DICKINSON, ALANSON P., Romeo. Second Lt. 9th Infy, Oct. 12, 1861. First Lt., 
June 23, 1862. Resigned as Second Lt., Jan. 17, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

DICKINSON, JULIAN G., Jackson, Entered service July 11, 1862. Serg't Major 4th 

Cav., , First Lt. and A.ljt, July 15, 1864. Bvt. Capt. U. S. Vol's, May 10, 1865, 

"for meritorious service in the capture of Jeff Davis." Mustered out Aug. 15, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

DICKINSON. MARSHALL J., Verraontville. Second Lt., 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. Capt., 
May 17. 1862. Maj., Sept. 13, 1863. Lt. Col., July 31, 1865. Mustered out as Maj., 
Aug. 17, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

DICKINSON, SIMEON F., Grand Rapids. Entered service Sept. 13, 1861, as Serg't 
Comp'y E, 2d Cav. Second Lt., May 2, 1863. First Lt., Mar. 1, 1864. Taken pris- 
oner in action near Florence, Ala., Oct. 30, 1864. Exchanged — . Capt., Jan. 28, 
1865. Honorably discharged as First Lt., May 15, 1865. 

DICKINSON, WALLACE W., Newaygo. Second Lt. 10th Cav., July 25, 1863. First 
Lt. and Com., Jan. 5, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 11, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

DICKERSON, CHRISTOPHER J., Hillsdale. Lt. Col. 10th Infy, Nov. 20, 1861. 
"Wounded and taken prisoner in action at Buzzards' Roost, Ga., Feb. 25, 1864. R<^leased 
Aug. 3, 1864. Col. 6th Infy, Nov. 12, 1864. Declined. Resigned as Lt. Col. lOth 
Infy, Nov. 12, 1864, and honorably discharged to accept a civil appointment. Bvt. 
Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for faithful and meritorious service." 

DICKERSON, JAI^IES B., Pludson. Entered service Mar. 16. 1864. Serg't Comp'y K, 

4th infv, . Second Lt., Oct. 24, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably 

discharged Feb. 23, 1866. 

DICKEY, "WILLI ATil H. MarshaU. Second Lt. Cth Infy, Oct. 9, 1861. First Lt., Sept. 
1, 1862. Discharged for promotion as Col. 12th Reg't Corps de Afrique, Oct. 19, 1863. 
No further record. 

DICKEY, GILBERT M., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 15, 1862, as Com. Serg't 24th 
Infy. Second Lt., Mar. 10, 1863. Killed in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863. 

DICKEY, FRANK "U'., Marshall. Capt. 2d Cav.. Sept. 2, 1861. Maj., Oct, 16, 1862. 
Resigned ilay 7, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

DILLON, RICHARD S., Detroit. First Lt. 24th Inf'v, July 26, 1862. Capt., June 1. 
1863. Wouiuled in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863. Bvt. Mnj. U. S. Vol's, 
Ap'l 9, 1865, "for meritorious service during the recent campaign terminating in the 
surrender of the insurgent army under Gen. R. E. Lee." Mustered out June 30, 1865, 
and hoiiorably discharged. 

DILLMAN, LOUIS, Detroit. Capt. 2d Infy, Ap'l 25, 1861. Maj.. Mar. 6, 1862. Lt. 
Col., July 26, 1862. Resigned July 30, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

DIMOND, ALBERT, Worth. Entered service Sent. 9, 1862. S<'rg't Comp'y C, 6th Cav., 
. Second Lt., Dec. 10, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 24, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

PINGWELL, GEORGE, Detroit. Entered service Aug. 11, 1862. Serg't Comp'y A, 24th 

Infy, . Second Lt., Mar. 30, 1865. Mustered out June 30, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

DITTMAN, AUGUSTUS, Romeo. Entered service Aug. 13, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 

9tli Infy, . Second Lt., Nov. 23, 1864. First Lt., Ap'l 20, 1865. Mustered out 

Sept. 15, I860, and honorably discharged. 

DIXON, CUTHBERT, Centerville. Entered service Aug. 24, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y A, 
11th Infy. Second Lt., Ap'l 19, 1864. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged Sept. 30, 1864. 

DOANE, JOHN W., Pine Run. Entered service Aug. 12, 1861. Serg't Comp'y C, 8th 

Infy, . Second Lt., Mar. 18, 1863. First Lt., May 6, 1864. Wounded In action 

at Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1864. Honorably discharged for disability Aug. 17, 1864. 



814 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

DODGE, GEO. W., Grand Rapids. Entered service June 10, 1861, as Sorg't Comp'y F, 
3d luf'v. Second Lt.. Aug. 11, 1861. Fiist Lt, Jan. 1, 1862. "Wounded at Fair 
Oaks, Va., May 31, 1862. Capt., Oct. 25, 1862. Kesigned Feb. 5, 1863, and honor- 
ably discliarged. 

DODGE, JAMES P., St. Johns'. Entered service Aug. 12, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y B, 8th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., July 5, 1864. First Lt., Oct. 1, 1864. Capt., June 2, 1865. Mus- 
tered out July 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

DODGE. DAVID A,, Toledo, 0. Capt. 18th Inf'y, July 27, 1862. Resigned Nov. 24, 

1862, and honorably discharged. 

DODGE, CHARLES C, Marshall. Capt. 20th lofy, July 29, 1862. Taken prisonerin 
jirtion June 3, 1864. Exchanged . Resigned Ap'l 18, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

DODGE, HORACE W., Detroit. First Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. Capt., Ap'l 1, 1863. 
Wounded in action at Trevillian Station, Va., June 12, 1864. Honorablv discharged 
for disability Oct. 21, 1864. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gaUant and 
meritorious service during the war." 

DODGE, WINCHESTER T., Orange. Second Lt. 7th Cav, Oct. 15, 1862. Resigned 
Feb. 22, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

DODGE, DON A., Grand Rapids. First Lt. and Com. 10th Cav., Aug. 24, 1863. Re- 
signed Mar. 28, 1865, and honoralily discharged. 

DODSLEY, WM. R., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 5, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y H, 24th 
Inf'v. Second Lt., Dec. 29, 1862. Wounded in action at Gettysburir, Pa., Julv 1, 

1863. First Lt., Sept. 1, 1863. Capt., Nov. 22, 1863. Mustered out June 30, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

DOESBURG, JACOB 0., Holland. Second Lt. 25th Inf'y, Aug. 10, 1862. Resigned 
Feb. 6, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

DONAHUE, JAMES S., Flint. Second Lt. 8th Inf'v, Sept. 24. 1861. First Lt., May 14, 
1S62. Wounded in action at James Island, June 16, 1862. Capt., Jan. 1, 1863. 
W^ounded in action at the Wilderness, May 6, 1864, losing a leg. Honorably dis- 
charged for disability Sept. 24, 1864. 

DONAHUGH, JOHN T., . First Lt. 14th Inf'y, Nov. 18, 1861. Capt., Aug. 8, 1863. 

Mustered out Mar. 14, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

DONALDSON, GHAS. B., Pose. Entered service Feb. 8, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y K, 8th 
Cav First Lt., Jan. 22, 1864. Resigned for disabiUty June 21, 1864, and honorably 
discharged. 

DONALDSON, WM. T., . Entered service Aug. 26, 1864. Com. Serg't 4th Inf'y, 

. Second Lt., Ap'l 19, 1866. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably discharged 

May 26, 1866. 

DONALDSON, JAMES, Port Huron. Entered service Aug 22, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 
7tli Int'y, . Second Lt., Dec. 18, 1864. Mustered out July 5, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

DONNELLY, JOHN L., Monroe. Capt. 14th Inf'y, Nov. 18, 1861. Mustered out Feb. 
13, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

DOOLEY, THOS. B., Corunna. Chap. 14th Infy, Feb. 11, 1862. Resigned Ap'l 29, 1864, 
and honorably discharged. 

DOOLITTLE, CHAS. C, Hillsdale. First Lt. 4th Infy, May 16, 1861. Capt., Aug. 20, 
1861. Wound. Hi in action at Gaines's Mill, Va., June 28, 1862. Col. 18th Inf'v, July 
27, 1862. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, Jan, 27, 1865. Bvt. Maj. Gen. U S. Vol's, June 13, 
1863, "for meritoriouti service during the war." Mustered out Nov. 30, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

DOPSON, HENRY, Muskegon. First Lt. 26th Inf'y, Sept. 1, 1862. Capt., Ap'l 26, 1864. 

Woundeil in action at Spottsylviuiia, Va., May 12, 1864. Honorably discharged for 
disability as First Lt. Sept. 3, 1864. 



J 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 815 

DORAN, MILES, Wayue. Entered service Sept. 27, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y C, 14th 
luf'y. Second Ll., July 14, 1864, Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged Oct. 17, 1865. 

DOTY, DUANE, Ann Arbor. First Lt. and Adjt. 7th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862. Resigned July 
26, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

DOUGHTY, BENJAMIN F., Sturgis. Maj. 11th Infv, Oct. 11, 1861. Resigned Aug. 18, 
1862. Chap. Uth Inf'y, Oct. 13, 1862. Tninsferred to 8th Cav., Mar. 30, 1863. 
Resigned for disability, Ap'l 29, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

DOUGHERTY, JOHN R., Shiawassee. Entered service, Aug. 11, 1862. Serg't Comp'y 
B, 8ih Inf'y, . First Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out July 30, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

DOUGLASS, CHAUNCEY C, Grand Rapids. Battalion Q. M. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. 
Mustered out June 1, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

DOUGLASS, RICHARD, Ross. Capt. 7th Cav., Oct, 15, 1862. Honorably dischai-ged 
Ap'l 2, 1864. 

DOUGLASS, GEO. A., HUlsdale. Capt. 30th Inf'y, Nov. 28, 1864. Mustered out June 
17, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

DOWD, WILLIAM E., Holland. Capt. 25th Inf'y, Aug, 10, 1862. Died of disease Feb. 
17, 1863. 

DOXSIE, JAMES W., Oneida. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt, Comp'y I, 1st (3 
months) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Reentered sei-viee Nov. 18, 1862, as 

Serg't Comp'y G, 27th Inf'y. Wounded in action, . First Lt., Feb. 4, 1865. 

Mustered out July 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

DOYLE, MICHAEL, Detroit. Entered service Dec. 16, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y B, 8th 
Cav. Second Lt., Nov. 14, 1864. First Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out July 20, 
1865, on consolidation with 11th Cav., and honorably discharged. 

DOYLE, RICHARD N., Georgetown. First Lt. 8th Inf'y, Aug. 12, 1861. Capt,, Jan. 9, 
1862. Wounded in action at James' Island, June 16, 1862. Lt. Col., May 7, 1864, 
Not mustered as Lt. Col. Maj., Aug. 20, 18u4. Bvt. Lt. Col. U. S. Vol's, Ap'l 2, 
1865, " for gallantry in the assault before Petersburg, Va." Mustered out July 30, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

DOYLE, JOHN. Monroe. First Lt, and Q. M, 15th Inf'y, May 29, 1862. Mustered out 
Aug. 13, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

DOYLE, TIMOTHY W,, Monroe. Entered service Dec, 3, 1861, as Com, Serg't 15th 
Inf'y. Second Lt,, Oct. 1, 1862. Mustered out Jan. 4, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

DRAGOON, JOSEPH L., Kalamazoo. Entered service Jan. 25, 1862, as Com. Serg't 13th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Mar. 19, 1864, First Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out July 25, 
1865, and honorably discharged, 

DRAKE, GEORGE, Detroit. Entered service Aug. 23, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y H, 5th 
Cav. Second Lt., Jan. 11, 1863. Capt., Oct. 24, 1863. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 
13, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious service during the war." Maj., May 17, 18G5. 
Mustered out July 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

DRAKE, ADDISON T., Sturgis. FUst Lt. and Q. M. 11th Infy, Aug. 24, 1861. Capt., 
June 17, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

DRAKE, LEWIS, Pontiac. Entered service Aug. 9. 1862, as Serg't Maj. 22d Inf'y. Seo- 
ond Lt., Nov. 27, 1862. Fu-st Lt., Aug. 3, 1863. Capt., Sept. 25, 1863. Taken pris- 
ont-r at Chickamauga, Tenn., Sept. 20, 1863. Mustered out July 11, 1805, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

DR.\KE, PHILO A., Hastings. Ass't Surg. 3d Inf'y, July 29. 1864. Resigned June 20, 
1865, and honorably disoharg-d. 



816 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 

DRAPER, CHARLES S., Portiac. Second Lt. 3d Infy, Oct. 28, 1861. Detached as 

Aid to Gen. Richardson, Ap'l 1, 1862. Capt. and A. D. C. U. S. Vol's, . Wounded 

in action at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862. Resigned Mar. 19, 1863, and honorably 
discharged. 

DRAPER, JOHNN., Kalamazoo. Entered service Sept. 16, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y G, 
1st Eng's and Mech's. First Lt., Jan. 1, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 26, 1864, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

DREW, FRANCIS, Grand Rapids. Chap. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. Resigned Sept. 3, 1862, 
and honorably discharged. 

DREW, HARVEY L, Niles. Entered service Sept. 16, 1861, as Com. Serg't 3d Cav. 
Second Lt., Aug. 13, 18G2. First Lt., Dec. 20, 1862. Capt., Oct. 24, 1864. Resigned 
as First Lt., Nov. 14, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

DREW, GEORGE A., Detroit. Capt. 6th Cav., Oct 13, 1862. Maj., July 17, 1863. Lt. 
Col., June 6, 1864. Declined [)roaioLion. Bvt. Lt. Col, U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, 
" for highly distinguished and meritorious service in the Shenandoah Valley." Bvt. 
Col. U. S. Vol's, Ap'l y, 1865, " lor highly distinguished and meritorious service in the 
campaign against Richmond, Va. " Mustered out on expiration of term of service, 
Oct. 11, 1865. Second Lt. 10th U. S. Infy, May 15, 1866. Bvt. First Lt , Mar. 2, 
1867, " for gallant and meritorious service in the campaign in the Shenandoah Valley 
in 1864". Bvt. Capt., Mar. 2, 1867, " for gallant and meritorious service in the cam- 
paign as-ainst Richmond, Va., in 1865." First Lt., Mar. 26, 1868. Assigned to 3d U. 
S. Cav.r Jan. 1st, 1871. Capt, Mar. 20, 1879. Now in service. 

DRESSER, MELVIN W., Lyons. First Lt. 15th Infy, Jan. 1. 1862. Killed in action at 
Shiloh, Teun., Ap'l 6, 18G2. 

DRIGGS, WILLIAM J., East Saginaw. Entei-ed service Aug. 29, 1862, as Corp'l Comp'y 
L, 6th Cav. Transferred to Comp'y C, 7th Cav., Nov. 12, 1865. First Lt., 1st S. S., 
July 22, 1863. Discharged for disability July 6, 1864. Second Lt., 11th U. S. Infy, 
Feb. 23, 1866. First Lt., July 28, 1866. Transferred to 20th Infy. Sept. 21, 1866. 
Mustered out Jan. 1, 1871, and honorably discharged. 

DRYER, NEWELL A., Lansing. Pvt. 17th Infy . Ass't Surg. 17th Infy, Ap'l 11, 

1865. Mustered out July 5, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

DUBENDORF, EDWARD, Coldwater. Second Lt., 1st Mich., or 102d U. S. Col'd Infy, 
Nov. 14, 1863. Fir-st Lt., May 5, 1865. Q. M., Aug, 18, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 
30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

DUDLEY, GEO. P. Brighton. Entered service Aug. 27, 1861. Serg't Maj. oth Infy, 

. Second Lt., Nov. 17, 1862. First Lt., July 4, 1863. Resigned as Second Lt., 

Sept. 16, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

DUEL, JOHN W., Allegan. Entered service Aug, 9, 1862. Serg't Comp'y B, 19th Infy 
. First Lt., May 8, 1865. Mustered out June 10, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

DUESLER, BENJAMIN, Quincy. Capt. Comp'y C, 1st U. S. S. S., Aug. 21, 1861. 
Resigned Oct. 18, 1861, and honorably discharged. 

DUESLER, DANIEL, Quincy. First Lt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 1862. Capt., Feb. 1, 1863. 
Honorably discharged lor disability June 27, 1863. 

DUESLER, JEREMIAH, Coldwater. Entered service Aug. 1, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y G, 
4th Cav. Second Lt., Feb. 18, 1863. Resigned Ap'l 21, 1864, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

DUFFIE, PHELIX, Kalamazoo. Capt. 19th Infy, July 28, 1862. Captured Mar. 5, 
1863. Exchanged May 1, 1863. Resigned Jan. 22, 1864, and honorably dischaged. 

DUFFIELD, WILLIAM E., Monroe. Second Lt. 17th Infy, June 17, 1862. Wounded 
ill aution at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862. Died at Frederick City, Md., Oct. 16, 
1862, of wounds received Sept. 17, 1862. 



DUFFIELD, HENRY 

prisoner at Mm lit 
in action at Chickiuuti 
honorably dischaiffed. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 817 

ENRY M , Detroit. First Lt. and Adjt., 9th Infy. Oct. 12, 1861. Taken 
Muiliecsboro, Tenn., July 13, 1«62. Released Aug. 15, 1862. Wounded 
Chickaniauga, Tenn., Sept. 20, 1863. Mustered out Oct. H, 1864, and 

ischarared. 



DUFFIELD, WM. W., Detroit. Lt. Col. 4th Lif., May 16, 1861. Col. 9lh Infy, Sept. 
10, 1661. Taken prisoner at Murfreot.boro. Tenn., July 13, 1862. Exchan^'ed Aug. 
27. 1662. Resigned Feb. 6, 1863, and honorably disuharged. 

DUGGAN, ANDREW W. Detroit. First Lt. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Capt.. July 5, 

1662. Wouniied ui action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 3, 1663. Wounded in action at 
Trevillian Station. Va., June 12, 1664. Maj., Oct. 25, 1664. Wounded in action at 
Five Forks, Va., May 30, 1665. Rvt. Lt. (Jol. U. S. Vol's, May 25, 1865, "for gallant 
Conduct in the caiupaimi of Gen. Sheridan and battle of Five Forks, Va." Lt. Col.. 
Dec. 4, 1865. Mustered out Mar. 26, 1666, and honorably discharged. 

DUMONT, CHARLES H., Indiana. Entered service July 18, 1864. Serg't Comp'y D, 

10th Cav., . Second Lt., June 16, 1865, Mustered out Nov. 11, 1865, and hon- 

orablv discharged. 

DUNBAR, G. EDWIN, Decatur. Entered service Dec. 9, 1861. Serg't Comp'y C, 13th 

Infy, . Second Lt., May 15, 18(;2. First Lt. and Q. M., Aug. 18, 1862. Capt. 

and A&st Q. M. U. S. Vol's, Dec. 5, 1863. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Oct. 1, 1864. Bvt. 
Lt. Col. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service during the 
campaign in Georgia and the Carolinas." Mustered out Nov. 22, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

DUNCAN, JAMES, Northfield. Entered service Nov. 13, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y C, 9th 
Cav. Second Lt., Jan. 8, 1864. First Lt., Mar. 12, 1864. Not mustered as First Lt. 

Taken prisoner near Atlanta, Ga., Died in military prison at Charleston, S. C, 

Oct. 26, 1864. 

DUNCAN, TITUS, East Saginaw. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Hosp'l Stew'd 1st (3 
months) Infy. Mustered out Aug. 7. 1861. Surg. 29th Infy, July 29, 1864, 
Resigned Mar. 19, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

DUNCOMBE, STEPHEN, Keeler. Second Lt. Comp'y D, Western S. S., Sept. 16, 

1861. First Lt., June 11, 1862. Resigned July 16, 1862, and honorably disciiarged. 

DUNHAM, EDWARD, Grand Rapids. First Lt. 21st Infy, July 30, 1862. Resigned 
Jan. 31, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

DUNHAM, WILLIAM, FentonvUle. Capt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1661. Resitrned May 11, 

1862, and honorably discharged. 

DUNLAP, JAMES A., Monroe. Entered service Aug. 18, 1862. Hosp'l Stew'd 2d Cav., 

. Ass't Surg., Mar. 1, 1864. Sug., July 31, i865. Mustered out as Ass't Surg., 

Aug. 17, 1865, and honorably discharged, 

DUNN, WILLIAM H., Ganges. Second Lt. 10th Cav,, July 25, 1863. First Lt., Ap'l 25, 
1864. Capt. Jan. 6, 1865. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Ap'l 11, 1665, "for gallanUy in 
action at Abbott's Creek, N. C." Mustered out Nov. 11, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

DUNN, RICHARD, Brighton. Entered service May 25, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 2d 

Infy, , Second Lt., July 22, 1865. Not mustered as an ofHcer. Honorably dis- 

charired July 28, 1665. 

DUNNETT, DANIEL W., Grand Rapids. Entered service Feb. 21, 1863. Serg't Comp'y 

D, 7th Cav., . Second Lt., .Mar. 28, 1664. Capt, July 31, 186-1. Transferred 

to 1st Cav., Nov. 17, 1865. Mu.-^Lored out Mar. 10, 1666, and honorably disciiarged. 

DUNPHY, WILLIAM H., Memphis. First Lt. 10th Infy, Oct. 1, 1861. Capt., Mar. 31, 

1663. Lt. Col., Feb. 24, 1665. Col., Juno 7, 1865. Mustered out as Lt. Col., July 
19, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

DUNSTER, HENRY, Tecumseh. Entered service Aug. 13, 1862. Serg't Comp'y F, 26th 

Infy, . Second Lt., Dec. 4, 1863. First Lt., June 9, 1865. Mustered out as 

Second Lt., June 4, 1865, and honorably dischuigud, 

103 



• 818 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 

DUPONT, CHAELES, Detroit. Entered service June 20, 1861, as Corp'l Comp'y K, 4th 
Inf y. Wounded in service. Discharged on account of wounds July 29, 1862. First 
Lt. 13th Batt., Dec. 11, 1863. Capt., June 11, 1864. Mustered out July 1, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

DUPUY, EICHAED G., Ann Arbor. First Lt. 4th Inf'y, May 16, 1861. Capt., Aug. 20, 

1861. KUled in action at Gaines's Mill, Va., June 27, 1862. 

DUE AND, SAMUEL M., Marshall. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861. Serg't Comp'y E, 
6th Inf'y, . Second Lt., July 20, 1864. Mustered out Aug. 20, 1865, and honor- 
ably discliarged. 

DUEAND, CHAS. M., . Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y D, 1st (3 

months) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Eeentered service Sept. 15, 1861. Serg't 

Batt. E, 1st Light Art., . Second Lt., Aug. 12, 1863. Mustered out Mar. 27, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

DUEYEE, WILLIAM, Lee. Second Lt. 28th Inf'y, Aug. 15, 1864. Eesigned July 6, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

DUTCHEE, GEOEGE N., Saugatuck. First Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. Capt., June 
13, 1863. Wounded in action at Littletown, Pa., June 30, 1863. Wounded in action 
at Brandy Station, Va., Oct. 13, 1863. Honorably discharged for disability Nov. 2, 
1863. 

DWIGHT, JAMES A., YpsUanti. First Lt. and Q. M. 20th Inf'y, July 26, 1862. Eesigned 
Feb. 5, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

DWIEE, MILTON, Jackson. Entered service Dec 19, 1862. Serg't Comp'y A, 9th 
Cav., . First Lt. and Q. M. Nov. 30, 1864. Mustered out July 21, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

DYCKMAN, BAENEY, Paw Paw. Second Lt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. First Lt., Jan. 13, 

1862. Capt., May 25, 1862. Eesigned Oct. 26, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

DYE, CHAELES H., Niles. Entered service Mar. 8, 1862. Serg't Comp'v F, 12th Inf'y, 
. Second Lt., Mar. 19, 1864. First Lt., Dec. 31, 1864. Mustered out Feb. 15, 

1866, and honorably discharged. 

DYE, JOHN W., Ionia. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862, as Com. Serg't 21st Inf'y. First 
Lt. and Q. M., Mar. 1, 1864. Mustered out June 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

DYEE, MILO E., Pulaski. Entered service Dec. 24, 1862. Serg't Comp'y E, 1st S. S., 
. First Lt., Aug. 15, 18G4. Mustered out July 28, lb65, and liouorably dis- 
charged. 

DYGEET, KIN S., Detroit. Capt. 1st Comp'y S. S., 16th Inf'y, Sept. 3, 1861. Taken 
prisoner in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863. Escaped and rejoined regiment 
Jan 28, 1865. Mustered out Feb. 4, 1805, and honorably discharged. 

EAGLE, JOSEPH A., Detroit. Capt. 5th Ini'y, June 19, 1861. Eesigned Oct. 11, 1861, 
and honorably dischai-ged. 

EAGLESON, THOMAS, Bedford, O. Entered service Mar. 28, 1862. Hosp'l Stew'd 8th 

Inf'y, . Ass't Surg. 1st S. S., July 23, 1864. Mustered out July 28, 18G5, and 

honorably discharged. 

EAEL, JOHN E., Kalamazoo. Entered service Dec. 10, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y L, 1st 
Eng's and Mech's. First Lt , Jan. 1, 1864 Taken prisoner in action near Murfrecs- 
boro, Tenn., Dec. 15, 1864. Exchanged . Honorably discharged May 15, 1865. 

EAEL, LEWIS W., Ionia. Chap. 21st Inf'y, Mar. 28, 1864. Mustered out June 8, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

EAEL, JOHN, Harrisville. First Lt. 23d Inf'y, Aug. 1, 1862. Died of disease Oct. 13, 
1862. 

EAELE, EDWAED S., Grand Eapids. First Lt. and Adjt. 3d Inf'y, May 13. 1861. 
Capt. and Com. Subs. U. S. Vol's, Sept. 9, 1861. Honorably discharged Ap'l 1, 1863. 



Ik 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 819 

EARLE, FRANCIS S., Grand Rapids. First Lt. and Adjt. 4th Inf'y, May IG, 1861. 
Wounded in action at Gaines' Mill, Vu., June 27, 1862. Resigned Sept. 26. 1HG2. 
Maj. and A. A. G. U. S. Vol's, Sept. 10, 1862. Resigned May 18, 18G3, and honorably 
discharged. 

EARLIE, JAMES, Maratlion. En tered service Aug. 20, 1861. Serg't Comp'y F, Ist Cav., 

. Second Lt., Oct. 25, 1864. First Lt., Mar. 7. 1865. Eobigued July 10, 1865, 

and honorably discharged. 

EASEM.^N, ANTHONY, Bay City. Entered sei-vice Feb. 1, 1862. Serg't Comp'y A, 14th 

Int'y, . Second Lt., Feb. 10, 1865. Mustered out July 18, 1865, and lionorably 

discharged. 

EASTABEOOK, ASA, Allegan. Entered service Nov. 28, 1861. Serg't Batt. C, 1st 
Light Art., . Second Lt., Dec. 18, 1864. Mustered out June 21, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

EASTLAND, EDWARD F., Kalamazoo. Entered service Feb. 1, 1862. Serg't Maj. 13th 

Inly, . Second Lt., Mar. 19, 1864. First Lt. and Adjt., Ap'125, 1865. Mustered 

out July 25, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

EASTMAN, HENRY, Ann Arbor. Ass't Surg. 1st Cav., Dec. 4, 18G4. Mustered out Nov. 
7, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

EASTMAN, ARTHLR W., Mount Clemens. First Lt. 8th Cav., Nov. 1, 18G2. Wounded 
in action Oct. 26, 1863. Honorably discharged for disability, Feb. 9, 1865. 

EASTON. DAVID J., Stuigis. First Lt. 19th Inf'y, July 28, 1862. Capt., May 2, 1864. 
Wounded in action June 15, lbG4. Maj., June 15, 18G5. Mustered out as Cai)t., June 
10, 18G5, and honorably discharged. 

EATON, JOB C, Monroe. Second Lt. 11th Inf'y, Mar. 1, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 16, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

EATON, WILLARD G., Otsego. First Lt. 13th Inf'v, Oct. 3, 1861. Capt., Oct. 20, 
1862 Maj., May 26, 1863. Col., Feb. 23, 1865. Killed in action at Bentonville, N. 
C, Mar 19, 18G3. 

EATON, OSMER, Otsego. Second Lt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Jan. 1, 1864. Mustered 
out Oct. 26, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

EATON, ALONZO, Detroit. Entered service Aug. 12, 186^, as Serg't Comp'y E, 24th 
Inf'y. First Lt., June 9. 1864. Taken prisoner near Petersburg, Va., Aug. 19, 1864. 
Paroled Mar. — ^ 1865. Mustered out June 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

EATON, CHARLES W., Grand Rapids. Entered service Aug. 8, 1862, as Serg't Maj. 2l8t 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Jan. 31, 1863. First Lt., to date from Jan. 13, 1863. Capt., Aug. 
26, 18G4. Mustered out June 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

EATON, FRANK N., Albion. Entered service Sept. 20, 1861. Serg't Comp'y M, 2d Cav., 

. Second Lt., Aug. 1, 1863. First Lt., Oct. 7, 1864. Resigned Mar. 27, 1865, 

and honorably discharged. 

EBERHARD, JOHN P., Burr Oak. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y K, 
7th Inf'y, First Lt., Ap'l 15, 1862. Killed in action at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862. 

EDDIE, THOMAS A., Lowell. Enteied service July 8, 1862, ns Serg't Comp'y A, Gth 
Cav. Second Lt., June 10, 1863. Killed in action at Meadow Bridge, Va., May 12, 
1864. 

EDDY, ERWIN, Cambria. Entered service Sept. 14, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 2d Cav., 
. Second Lt., Mar. 1, 1864. Resigned Nov. 19, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

EDDY, CHARLES, Flint. Entered service July 6, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 8th Inl'y, 

. Second Lt., Jan. 1, 1863. First Lt., Ap'l 15, 1863. Mustered out Sept. '-^y, 

1864, and honorably discharged. 

EDDY, FRANK E., Flint. Second Lt. 16th Inf'y, Auk. 9. 1861. Wounded in a<tlon at 
Gaines' Mill, Va., June 27, 1862. First Lt., Nov. 3, 1862. Capt., Aug. 11, 1863. Lt 
Col. 29th Inf'y, July 29, 1864. Mustered out Sept. ti, 1865, and honorably dit«eljai-ged. 



8v'{) MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

EDDY, ALVIN F., Houghton. Second Lt. 27th Infy, Oct. 10, 1862. Died of disease^ 
Ap'l 30, 1863. 

EDDY, EDWAED A., Bay City. Entered service Aug. 2, 1862. Serg't Comp'y F, 23d 

Inl'y, . Second Lt., Oct. 6, 1864. First Lt., July 11, 1865. Mustered out as 2d 

Lt., June 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

EDDIE, SAMUEL N., Lo-well. Entered service Oct. 23, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y C, 10th 
Cav. Second Lt., Nov. 2, 1863. Not naustered as an ofiBcer. Honorably discharged 
Nov. 11, 1865. 

EDGAE, WILLIAM C, Adrian. Capt. 4th Infy, July 26, 1864. Mustered out Feb. 11, 
1866, and honorably discharged. 

EDGEELY, HENEY C, Mt. Clemens. Second Lt. 5th Infy, Jan. 19, 1861. Wounded in 
action at Charles City Cross Eoads, Va., June 30, 1862. Maj. 8th Cav., Nov. 17, 1862. 
Eesigned for disability Jan 8, 1865, and honorably dis<;harged. 

EDMUNDS, JAMES M., Saline. Second Lt. 6th Infy, June 27, 1864. Died of disease 
Oct. 4, 1864. 

EDMUNDS, CHAELES A., Quincy. First Lt. Batt. A, 1st Light Art,, May 28, 1861. 
Capt. 17th Infy, June 17, 1862. Wounded in action at South Mountain, Md., Sept. 
14, 1862, with loss of arm. Honorably discharged Jan, 16, 1863, on account of wounds 
received Sept. 14, 1862. 

EDWAED S, AETHUE, Trenton. First Lt. and Q. M. 5th Cav., Sept. 20, 1862. Eesigned 
Mar. 13, 1863. Capt. and Ass't Q. M. U. S. Vol's, to rank fioni Feb. 19, U63. Bvt. 
Maj., Lt. Col., and Col., U. S, Vol's, . Mustered out Mar, 13, 1666, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

EDWAEDS, JOHN, Hudson. First Lt. 11th Cav., Aug. 1, 1863. Capt., Oct. 29, 1864. 
Killed in action at Salisbury, N. C, Ap'l 12, 1865, 

EDWAEDS, AETHUE, Jk., Trenton. Chap. 1st Infy, Aug. 17, 1861. Honorably dis- 
charged for promotion June 24, 1863. 

EDWAEDS, WILLIAM J., Niles. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861, as Serg't 6th Infy. 
Serg't Maj., Sept. 6, 1861. Second Lt., Sept. 1, 1862. First Lt., Oct. 1, 1863. Capt., 
July 21, 1864. Mustered out Aug. 20, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

EDWAEDS, JOHN, Coruima. Second Lt. 15th Infy, Jan. 1, 1862. Eesigned Ap'l 17, 
1863, and lionorably discharged. 

EDWAEDS, SEAELES C, Milan. Entered service Dec. 25, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y I, 
15th Infy. Second Lt., Ap'l 10, 1862. Honorably discharged May 28, 1865. 

EDWAEDS, ISAAC Z., Pokagon. Entered service Aug. 6, 1862. Serg't Comp'y A, 19th 

Infy, , Second Lt., May 1, 1863. First Lt., June 1, 1864. Eesigned as Second 

Lt., Aug, 6, 1864, and lionorably discharged. 

EDWAEDS, ALBERT M., Detroit. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y K, 
1st (3 mouths; Infy. Taken prisoner in action at Bull Run, Va., July 21, 1861, Ex- 
changed , Mustered out May 20, 1862. Capt, 24th Infv, Julv 26, 1862. Maj., 

Nov. '22, 1863. Lt. Col., June 9, 1864. Bvt. Col, U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for 
gallant and meritorious service during the war," Mustered out June 30, 1865, and 
honorably discharged, 

EELLS, SAMUEL H., Detroit. Entered service Jan. 30, 1862. as Hosp'l Stew'd 12th. 
Infy. Ass't Surg., Feb. 1, 1863, Died of disease at Detroit, Mich., Jan, 30, 1864, 

EFNER, JOSEPH H., West Springfield, Mass. Second Lt. 1st Mich., or 102d U, S, Col'd 
Infy, Jan 20, 1865. Mustered out Sept, 30, 1865, and lionorably discharged, 

EGGLESTON, CHAELES E., Coldwater. First Lt, 1st (3 months) Infy, May 1, 1861. 
Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861, and honorably discharged. 

EGGLESTON, GEOEGE II., Coldwater, Second Lt. 1st (3 months) Infy, May 1, 1861. 
First Lt, 1st (3 years) Infy, Aug. 17, 1861. Wounded at Gaines's Mill, Va,, June 27> 
1862. Eesigned Mar, 28, 1863, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 821 

EGGLESTON, JAMES M., Grand Kapids. Entered service Sept. 26, 1861. Serg't 

Couip'y D, 1st Eug's and Mech's, . Second Lt., Nov. 3, 18G4. Mustered out 

Sept. '22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

EIDELBUSS, GEOEGE, Washtenaw. Entered service Aug. 5, 1861. Serg't Comp'y B, 

16tli Inf y, . Fiist Lt., May 8, 1865. Mustered out July 8, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

EIS WORTH, ANTHONY, Stronach. Entered sen-ice Sept. 1, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y I, 
6th Cav. Second Lt., Jan. i, 1865. Transferred to 1st Vet. Cav., Nov. 17, 1865. 
Mustered out Mar. 10, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

ELDER, MATHEW, Lansing! Capt. 8th Inf'y, Aug. 12, 1861. Appointed 1st Lt. 11th 
TJ. S. Inf'y, to nink from Aug. 5, 1861. Died July 25, 1863, of wounds received in 
action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 3, 1863. 

ELDER, JOHN A., Lansing. Entered service Aug. 12. 1861. Serg't Comp'y E, 8th Inf'y, 

. S.'cond Lt., Mar. 27, 1863. First Lt., May 8, 18G4. Wounded in action at 

Spottsylvnnia, Va., May 12, 1861. Capt., Jan. 8, 1865. Mustered out July 30, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

ELDRED, RICHARD H., Kalamazoo. Second Lt. 2d Inf'y, Sept. 22, 1861. First Lt., 
. Died of disease Mar. 14, 1862, at Union Hospital, Georgetown, D. C. 

ELDRED. ANDREW J., Niles. Chap. 12th Inf'y, Oct. 5, 1861. Resigned Sept. 10, 1863, 
and honorably discharged. 

ELDRIDGE, NATHANIEL B., Lapeer. Maj. 7th Infv, Aug. 7, 1861. Resigned D(^c. 18, 
1801. Lt. Col. 11th Inf'y, Ap'l 1, 1862. Resigned Jan. 7, 1863, and honorably dis- 
chai-ged. 

ELDRIDGE, CORNELIUS S., Flint. Capt. 29th Inf'y, July 29, 1864. Resigned July 
13, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ELDRIDGE, L. BRIGGS. Lapeer. First Lt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 1862. Capt., Fob. 18, 
ia63. Maj., Nov. 24, 1864. Mustered out July 1, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ELKERTON, WM., Marshall. Entered service Aug, 17, 18C4. as Serg't Comp'y D, 28th 
Infv. Second Lt., Mar. 8, 1866. Not mustered as an officer. Honorablv discharged 
June 5, 1866. 

ELLENWOOD, EBEN R., Greenville. Second Lt. 21st Inf'y, July 30, 1862. First Lt., 
Dec. 1, 1862. Resigned as 2d Lt., Jan. 31, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

ELLIOTT, F. COYELL, Grand Rapids. Capt. 10th Cav., July 25, 1863. Resigned Mar. 
17, 1864, and honoraljly discharged. Cause, disability. 

ELLIOTT, WILLIAM R., Detroit. Capt. 1st Cav., Nov. 1, 1862. Died July 5, 1863, of 
wounds received at Fairfield Gap, Va., July 4. 1863. 

ELLIOTT, WILLIAM N., White Pigeon. Surg. 11th Inf'y, Aug. 24, 1861. Mustered 
out Sept. 30, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

ELLIOTT, ROBERT T., Detroit. Capt. 16th Inf'y, Aug. 9. 1861. Maj., Juno 20, 1863. 
Killed in action at Tolopotomy, Va., May 30, 1864. 

ELLIOTT, HENRY C, Monroe. Second Lt. 18th Inf'y, July 27, 1862. Resigned Nov. 
7, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

ELLIOTT, MARCUS D., Rose. Entered service Oct. 22. 1861. Serg't Batt. H, Ist 

Liirht Art., . Second Lt.. Mar. lo. 1863. First Lt., Aug. 8, 1863. Capt., Jan. 8, 

1864. Mustered out Dec. 27, 1864, and honorably disciiarged. 

ELLIS, ALBERT H., Hastings. First Lt., 3d Inf'y, July 29, 1864. Honorably dls- 
■ charged May 15, 1865. 

ELLIS, ALMON D., Saginaw. Entered service Sept. 6, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y B, 10th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., June 23, 1862. Resigned Mar. 2, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

ELLIS, ERWIN, Burlington. Second Lt., 8th Cav., Nov. 1, 1862. Capt. Ap'l 15. ia64. 
Mustered out July 20, 1865, and honorably discharged. 



833 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

ELLIS, HIEAM R., Sagatuok. Entered service Au^. 19, 1862. Serj?'t Compv I, 5tb 

Cav., . First Lt. and Adjt. 28th Inf'y, Aug. 15, 18(34. Bvt. Capt. U S. Vol's, 

Mar. 13, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious service during the vrar." Mustered out 
June 5, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

ELLIS, JAMES A., Dowagiao. Second Lt. 6th Inf'y, Aug. 19, 1861. First Lt., Dee. 1, 

1862. Capt., Sept. 1, 1863. Resigned July 19, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

ELLIS, MYRON H., Ypsilanti. Entered service Aug. 14, 1862, as Serg't Conip'y B, 5th 
Cav. First Lt. 7th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862. Capt., June 6, 1863. Resigned June 30, 

1863, and honorably discharged. 

ELLISON, OWEN, Jk., Jackson. Ass't Surg. 30th Inf'y,' Dec. 31, 1864. Mustered out 
June 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ELLSWORTH JOHN A., Saranac. Capt. 21st Inf'y, July 30, 1862. Resigned Nov. 20, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

ELMER, JACKSON, Rome Center. Entered service Sept. 7, 1861. Sern't Comp'v M, 
3d Cav., . Second Lt., Feb. 1, 1864. First Lt. and Adjt. Oct. 24, 18G4. Hon- 
orably discharged June 6, 1865. 

ELMORE, ALBERT A., Richfield. Entered service Aug. 14, 1862, as Serg't Comp'v C, 
23d Inf'y. Second Lt., Dec. 13, 1862. First Lt., Jan. 3, 1864. Wounded in action 
at Resaca, Ga., May 14, 1864. Capt., Oct. 6, 1864. Mustered out June 25, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

ELMORE, MEREITT, W., Flint. Entered sei-vice July 25, 1862. Serg't Maj., 23d 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Oct. 6, 1864. First Lt., Nov. 30, 1864. Mustered out 

June 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ELMS, BYRON C, MarshaU. Entered service Sept. 12, 1863, as Serg't 14th Batt. 
Light Art. Second Lt., Feb. 20, 1865. Mustered out July 1, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

ELMS, GEORGE R.. Marshall. Entered service Aug. 14, 1861. Serg't Maj., 9th Inf'y. 

. Second Lt., July 31, 1865. Not mustered as an oiiicer. Honorably discharged 

Sept. 15, 1865. 

ELTON, TRUMAN W., Ypsilanti. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y K, 1st 
(3 months) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Reentered service Sept. 17, 1861, a& 
Serg't Comp'y "D, 3d Cav. Second Lt., Oct. 1, 1863. First Lt., 0<;t. 17, imi. Capt. 
Oct. 20, 1S65. Mustered out as First Lt., Feb. 12, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

ELY, TOWNSEND A., Gratiot. Entered service Feb. 25, 1865. Serg't Comp'y C, 8th 
Inf'y, . Second Lt. Ap'l 25, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged July 30, 1865. 

ELY, RALPH, Alma. Capt. 8th Inf'y, Aug. 12, 1861. Wounded in action at Secession - 
ville, S. C, June 16, 1862. Maj., Sept. 10, 1862. Lt. Col., Feb. 1, 1863. Bvt. Col. 
U. S. Vol's, July 6, 1864, "for gallant and meritorious service at the battle of the 
Wilderness, Va." Col., to rank' from May 7, 1864. Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vols, Af)'l 
2, 1865, "for conspicuous gallantry in the assault before Petersburg, Va. " Mustered 
out May 19, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

ELY, JOHN J., Grand Rapids. First Lt. Batt. E, 1st Lisrht Art., Nov. 1. 1861. Capt., 
June 9, 1862. Maj., Mar. 15, 1864. Bvt. Lt. Col. U. S. Vol's, Juno 20, 1865, " for 
meritorious service." Mu»Lorod out July 29, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

EMERSON, JOSIAH D., Hillsdale. Entered service June 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y E, 
4th Inf'y. Second Lt., Sept. 3. 1862. First Ll., Doc. 13, 1862. Musteied out .Jun<! 
30, 1864, and honorably discliarged. 

EMMERSON, GEORGE D., Marietta, Ohio. Capt. IstEng'sand Mcch's, Dec. 26, 1862. 
Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably dibcharged. 

EMERSON, ALBERT L., Marquette. Second Lt. 1st Cav., Nov. 12, 1862. First Lt., 
Aug. 22, 1863. Honorably discharged Aug. 8, 1864. 

EMERY, FRANKLIN, Lapeer. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y G, 7th 
Inf'y. Second Lt , Sept. 12, 1862. Killed in action at Frederit.'ksburg, Va., Dec. 11, 
1862. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 823 

EMERY, AUGUSTUS, H., Detroit. Second Lt. Bait. M, 1st Llffht Art., Ap'l 1, 1863. 
First Lt., Any. '2i, 18G3. Capt., Aug. 9, 18G4. Mustered out Aug. 1, lbG5, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

EMMONS, JED P. C, Detroit. Capt. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Resigned , and 

honorably discharged. 

ENGLISH, DAVID H., Saranac. Entered servico Aug. 5, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y I, 2l8t 
Inf y. Second Lt., Sept. 1, 1864. Mustered out June 8, 18G5, and honorably dis- 
cliargod. 

ENSIGN, CALEB A., Jonesville. Entered service Oct. 22, 18G2, as Pvt. Batt. 0, Ist 
Light Art. Second Lt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Dec. 8, 1863. First Lt., Alar. 11, 18G4. 
Mustered out Se^jt. 22, 18Gj. and honorably discharged. 

ERNST, WILLIAM F., Port Huron. Entered service Sept. 21, 1861, as Serg't Batt. B, 
1st Light Art. Second Lt. Feb. 8, 1864. First Lt., Oct. 2«, 1864. Mustered out 
June 14, 18G5, and honorably discharged. 

ERNST, CASPAR, Nunlca. First Lt. 14th Infy, Nov. 18, 1861. Capt. July 27, 1863. 
Maj.. Feb. 13, 1865. Mustered out July 18, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

EVANS, OSCAR C, Saginaw. Entered service Mar. 23, 1864. Serg't 2d Comp'y S. S., 

IGth Infy . Second Lt., May 8, 186'). First Lt., July 7, 1865. Mustered out 

as Second Lt., July 8, lii65, and honorably discharged. 

EVANS, IRA L., NUes. First Lt., 1st S. S., Ap'l 16, 1863. Capt., June 19, 1864. Bvt. 
Maj. U. S. Vol's, Ap'l 2, 1865, "for prallant and meritorious service in the assault on 
Petersburg, Va." On division staff at muster out of reginient. 

EVANS, BENJAMIN, Bellevue. Capt. 28th Infy, Aug. 15, 1864. Mustered out June 5, 
1866, and honorably discharged. 

EVANS, ELI F., Vernon. First Lt., 28th Infy, Aug. 15, 18G4. Mustered out June 5, 
1866, and honorably discharged. 

EVERETT, ROBERT A. Ann Arbor. Ass't Surpr. 5th Infy, July 3, 1861. Surg. 16th 
Infy, Ap 1 18, 1863. Mustered out Oct. 11, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

EVERS, GEORGE M., Kalamazoo. Entered service Juno 9, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y D. 
17th Infy. First Lt., Jan. 6, 1865. Mustered out June 3, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

EWALT, JACOB. Berrien Springs. First Lt. 2oth Infy, Aug. 10, 1862. Capt., Mar. 13. 
1863. Honorably discharged for disability, Oct 28, 1864. 

EWEN, ALBERT 0. . Dayton. Entered service Aug. 8, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y G, 26th 
Infy. . First Lt., June 9, 1865. Not mustered as an oflacer. Honorably discharged 

June 4, 18G5. 

EWING, JAMES M., Stockbrldge. Entered service Deo. 31, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 
12ih Infy, - -. Second Lt., May 31, 1865. First Lt., Sept. 18, 1865. Mustered out 
Feb. 15, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

EWING, ALEXANDER, Dexter. Surg. 13tli Infy, Dec. 19, 1861. Taken prisoner in 
action at Chickamanga, Ga., Sept. 20, 1863. Exchanged Nov. 24, 18G3. Mustered 
out Jan. 21, 18G5, and honorably discliarged. 

FAILING, JAMES H., Albion. Entered service Nov. 5, 1861. Serg't Comp'y D, 12th 

I„('y_ . Second Lt., Aut,'. 20, 18(;i. First Lt., Ap'l 14, 1865. Muztered out Fob. 

15, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

FAIRBANKS, JOHN D., Detroit. First Lt. and Adjt. 1st (3 months) Infy, May 1, 1861. 
Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Maj. 5th Infy, Aug. 21, 1861. Wounded in action at 
Charles City Cross Roads, Va., June 30, 1862. Died of wounds July 25, 18612, at 
Washington, D. C. 

FAIRBRASS, FRED. J., Hancock. Second Lt. Batt. L, First Lt. Art., Nov. 3, 1862. 
First Lt., Sept. 14, 18G3. Bvt. Capt. and Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1H6.^. " for meri- 
torious service during the war." Mustered out July 31, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 



8^4 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

FAIRBROTHER, GEORGE, Detroit. Supernumerary 2d Lt., 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. 
Second Lt., June 13, 1863. Mustered out as Supernuniei-ary Second Lt., Aug. 15, 
1863, and honorably discharged. 

FANGER, JULIUS D., Grand Rapids. Entered service June 10, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
C, 3d Inf y. Second Lt., Sept. 26, 18G2 Wounded in action at Mine Run, Va., Nov. 
30, 1863. Honorably discharged for disability May 28, 1864. 

FARGO, DAN. T., Ionia. Second Lt. 2d Gav., Sept. 2, 1861. Capt., Oct. 26, 1862. Mus- 
tered out Dec. 15, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

FARLAND, JOHN M., Detroit. First Lt. 24th Infy, July 26, 1862. Capt., July 4, 1863. 
Discharged for disability July 9, 1864. Capt. 30th Inf'v, Nov. 28, 1864. Maj. 11th 
Infy, Mar. 1, 1865. Lt. Col., Mar. 16, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 16, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

FARMER, EDWIN R., Decatur. First Lt. 28th Infy, Aug. 15, 1864. Capt., Sept. 12, 
1865. Mustered out Jan, 5, 1866. and honorably discharged. 

FARNHAM, GEORGE M„ St. Johns. Second Lt. 10th Cav., July 25, 1863. First Lt., 
Jan. 22, 1864. Capt., Oct. 19, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 11, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

FARNSWORTH, NORMAN B., St. Clair. Capt. 4th Infy, July 26, 1864. Mustered out 
May 26, 1866, and honorably discharffed. 

FARNSWORTH, EDWARD G., . Second Lt. 1st. Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 29, 1863. 

Not mustered. 

FARRAND, JAMES, Flint. Second Lt. 2d Infy, Ap'l 25, 1861. First Lt„ Mar. 6, 1862. 
Capt., Aug. 1, 1862. Wounded at Knoxville, Tenn., Nov. 16, 1863. Killed in action 
near Spottsylvania Court House, Va., May 12, 1864. 

FARRAR, JUDSON S., Mt. Clemens. Capt. 5th Infy, June 19, 1861. Lt. Col. 26th 
Infy, Sept. 16, 1862. Col., Oct. 9, 1863. Honorably discharged for disability Mar. 
29, 1864. 

FARRAR, URIEL S., Mt. Clemens. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861. Serg't Comp'y B, 

5th Infy, . First Lt. 26th Infy, Oct. 12, 1863. Taken prisoner in action Aug. 14, 

1«64. Exchanged . Capt., June 9, 1865. Mustered out as First Lt., June 4, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

FARRELL, RODERICK F., Detroit. Capt. 15th Infy, Jan. 1, 1862. Resigned Ap'l 4, 

1863, and honorably discharged. 

FARRELL, BAllZILLA F., Hillsdale, Entered service Aug. 12, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 

16th Infy, . Second Lt., July 7, lb65. Not mustered as an oflicei\ Date of 

discharge not known. 

FARRELL, ROBERT, Buchanan. Entered service June 20, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y G, 
Ist S. S. First Lt., Dec, 27, 1864. Honorably discharged Mar. 4, 1865. 

FASSETT, CHARLES S., Sandstone. Second Lt. 6th Infy, Aug. 19, 1861. Wounded 
in action at Baton Rouge, La., Aug. 5, 1862. First Lt., July 1, 1863. Capt., July 21, 

1864. Mustered out Aug. 20, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

FASSETT, FRANK A., Parma. Entered service July 30, 1862. Serg't Comp'y E, 20th 
Inf y, . Second Lt., May 17, 1875. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged May 30, 1865. 

FASQUELLE, LOUIS W., St. Johns. Surg. 23d Infy, Aug. 23, 1862. Resigned Nov. 
26 1862, and honorably discharged. 

FAULKNER, MATHIAS M., Sturgis. First Lt. 11th Infy, Aug. 24, 1861. Capt., Jan. 7, 
1863. Resigned Oct. 2, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

FAY, BARNABAS M., Flint. Chap. 23d Infy, Nov. 11, 1864. Resigned Mar. 4, 1865, 
and hiinorabiv discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. ii'^b 

FECHET, EDMOND G., Porst Huron. Entered ^orvico Aui;. 22, 1861, as Ror^r't Cornp'y 
A, 7th Inf'y. Second LL. Sept. 1, 18G2 Wounded in action at Anlictam, ild., Sept. 
17, 1862. First Lt., May 1, 1863. Discli,irf,'od for disability July 31, 1863. Seifjr't 
Comp'y G, lUtli Gav., Oct. 13, 1863. S<cond Lt., Doc. 30, l"8(i3. "First Lt., Dec. 21, 
1864.. Mustered out Nov. 21, 1865. Second Lt. 8th U. S. Cuv., July 28, 1866. Bvt. 
1st Lt. and Capt., Mar. 2, 1867, "for gallant and nu'rltorlous sorvice In the Uittlo of 
Antietam, Md." First Lt., July 31, 1867. Capt., May 26, 1870. Now in Bervico. 

FELT, HAKTMAN S., Grass Lake. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861. Serg't Comp'y B. 7th 

Infy, . Second Lt., July 3, 1863. Wounded in action at Strawberry Plains, Va., 

Aug. 14, 1864. Died Aug. 24, 1864, of wounds received Aug. 14, 1864. 

FENIGAN, JOHN, Pontiac. Entered service Oct. 22, 1861. Serg't Coinpy" I, IGth Inf'y, 

. Second Lt., July 7, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out July 8, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

FENNER, MILTON M., Flint. Second Lt. 8th Inf'y, Nov. 22, 1861. First Lt., Oct. 1, 
1862. Resigned Nov. 25, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

FENTON, LOUIS R., Muskegon. Entered service Sept. 3, 1861. Serg't Comp'y E, 2d 
Cav., . Second Lt., July 31, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged Aug. 17, 1865. 

FENTON, OTIS J., Buchanan. Entered service Feb. 16, 1862. Serg't Comp'y C, 12th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Ap'l 15, 1865. First Lt., Aug. 26, 1865. Mustered out as 

Second Lt., Feb. 15, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

FENTON, J. BRUSH, Flint. Entered service Aug. 12, 1861. as Q. U. Serg't 8th Inly. 
Second Lt., Ap'l 21, 1862. First Lt., Sept. 1, 1862. Wounded in action Sept. 1, 1862. 
Resigned Mar. 15, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

FENTON, GEORGE .M., Niles. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 6th 
Infy, . First Lt., July 21, 1864. JSluotered out Aug. 20, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

FENTON. WILLIAM M., Flint. Col. 8th Infy, Aug. 7, 1861. Resigned Mar. 15, 1863, 

and lionorably dibcharged. 

FERGUSON, LEANDEU W., Wyandotte. Entered service Aug. 16, 1862, as Serg't 
Comp'y D, 5tli Cav. Second Lt., Mar. 5, 1864. i'irat Lt., Aug. Ii4, 1864. Capt., 
Ap'l 13, 1865. Mustered out as First Lt., June 22, 1865, and honoiabiy discharged. 

FERGUSON, THOMAS A., Ionia. Fkst Lt. 4th Inf'y, July 26, 1864. Resigned Aug. 
23, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

FERGUSON, ADAM, Kalamazoo. Entered service Aug. 14, 1862. Serg't Maj. 19th 
Inf'y, . First Lt., July 28, 1862. Resigned Jan. 6, 1863, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

FERRIS, JACOB, Ionia. Capt. 21st Inf'y, July 30, 1862. Resigned Jan. 15, 1863, and 
honorably d.scharged. 

FERRIS, JOHN N., Kalamazoo. Second Lt. 30th Inf'y, Nov. 28, 1864. Mustered out 
J uue 23, 1865, and liouorauiy discharged. 

FERRIS, WASHINGTON K., Hastings. Capt. 3d Inf'y, July 29, 1864. Resigned Mar. 
12, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

FERRIS, GEORGE. Charlotte. Entered service Sept. 9, 1862. Serg't Comp'y D, 7th 

Cav., . Second Lt., May 2-1, 1865. First Lt., Feb. 28, 1805. Tran&teired to 1st 

Vet. Cav., Nov. 17, 1865. Mublered out as Second Lt. Mar. lo, 1866, and honorably 
discharged. 

FERRY, NOAH H., Grand Haven. Capt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. Maj., Dec. 1, 1862. 
Killed in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 3, 1863. 

FERRY, WILLIAM M., Jr., Grand Haven. First Lt. and Q. M. 14th Inf'y. Dec. 17, 1861. 
Capt. und Ass t Com. of Subs. U. S. Vol's, Juno 30, 1862. Bvt. Maj. and Ll. Col. U. 
S. Vols, Mar. 13, 1865, "for taithful and meritorious service during the war." 
Resigned Ap'l 24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

104 



ILEY, JAMES B., Niles. Entered service — , as Pvt. Chicago Board of Trade Bat. 
Eirst Lt.. litti Bat. Light Art., July 1, 1864. Mustered out July 1, 1865, aud houor- 
nhiv fiiso.liartred. 



826 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

FIELDS, HENRY D., Bronson. Second Lt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 1862. Resigned Mar. 1, 
1863, and honorably discharged. 

FIELD, FREDERICK N., Grand Rapids. First Lt. 10th Cav., July 25, 1863. 
Wounded and taken prisoner ui action at Henry Court House, Va., Ap'l 8, 1865. 
Returned after Lee's surrender. Mustered out Nov. 11, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

FILLIO, NELSON, Jackson. Entered service Feb. 9, 1863, as Pvt. Comp'y F, 1st Light 
Art. First Lt. 11th Inf y. Mar. 1, 1865. Resigned July 19, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

FINCH, AMASA J., Adrian. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y K, Three 
Months Vol's. First Lt. 1st Inf'y, Aug. 22, 1861. Resigned Ap'l 5, 1862. First Lt. 
and Adjt. 18th Infy, July 30, 1862. Maj. 1st U. S. Col'd Troops, Oct. 23, 1863. No 
further record. 

FINCH, AMOS, Armada. Entered service Aug. 14, 1862. Serg't Comp'y E, 5th Cav., 

. Second Lt., July 3, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dischariied 

June 23, 1865. 

FINLAY, GEORGE W., Oshterao. Entered service Aug. 6, 1862. Serg't Maj., 25tk 
Inly, . Second Lt., June 17, 1863. First Lt, 30th Infy, Dec. 31, 1864. Mus- 
tered out June 17, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

FINLEY, JAMES B., Niles. Entered service — , as Pvt. Chicago Board of Trade Bat. 
First Lt.. 14th i ~ 
ably discharged. 

FINLEY, HENRY H., Detroit. Supernumerary Second Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. 
Resigned July 31, 1863. Capt. and Ass't Com. of Subs., May 18, 1864. Bvt. Maj. 
U. S. Vol s, July 7, 1865, "for efflcieut and meritorious service." Mustered out July 
8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

FINN, WILLIAM, Detroit. Entered service Sept. 27, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y C, Utt 
Inf'y. Second Lt., May 23, 1863. First Lt., July 14. 1864. Wounded m action near 
Atlanta, Ga., Sept. 1, 1864. Resigned as Second Lt., Jan. 20, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

FINNEY, SOLON H., Lyons. Entered service Sept. 20, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y E, 6th. 
Cav. Second Lt., May 19, 1864. Killed in action at Beaver Mills, Va., Ap'l 4, 1865. 

FISH, GEORGE W., Flint. Surg. 4th Cav., July 26, 1862. Mustered out Aug. 15, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

FISH, GEORGE F., Flint. Entered service July 3, 1863. Serg't Comp'y F, 4th Cav., 

. Second Lt., July 21, 1864. First Lt., Dec. 10, 1864. Mustered out Aug. 15, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

FISH, TIMOTHY R., Battle Creek. Entered service May 25, 1861. Serg't Comp'y C, 

2d Inf'y, . First Lt., June 29, 1864. Adjt., Julv 27. 1864. Wounded in action 

Mar. 25, 1865. Capt., July 22, 1865. Mustered out as Adjt., July 28, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

FISH, ARTHUR H., Port Huron. Entered service Aug. 26, 1864. Serg't Comp'y H, 3d 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Nov. 28, 1865. First Lt., June 15, 1866. Not mustered as 

an officer. Mustered out May 25, 1866, aud honorably discluirged. 

FISH, HENRY S., Coldwater. First Lt. Hall's S. S., Sept. 13, 1864. Transferred to 
1st S. S., Mar. 15, 1865. Mustered out July 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

FISHBURN, JOSHUA, Monroe. Entered service Dec. 8, 1862. Com. Serg't 15th Inf'y, 

. Second Lt., Aug. 6, 1864. First Lt., Nov. 1, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 19, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

FISHER, BEN. F., East Saginaw. Capt. 16th Inf'y, Aug. 9, 1861. Wounded and tak.m 
prisoner, at Gaines's Mill, Va., June 27, 1^62. Released Aug. 12,1862. Maj. 23d Inf'y 
Aug. 23, 1862. Resigned Feb. 13, 1863, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. * Si7 

FISHER, EASTMAN B., Kalamazoo. Entered service Aug. 12, 18G2, as Seri^'t Comp'y 
D, i-ith liif'y. Second Lt., Ap'l 25, 1«G5. Mustered out June 30, 18G5, and honor- 
ably dischari^ed. 

FISHER, HENRY S., Mendon. Second Lt. 11th Infy, Aug. 24, 1801. First Lt., Feb. 
7, 1862. Capt., Jan. 30, IfclGS. Resigned Jan. 6, 1864, for disability, and honorably 
discharged. 

FISHER, JAMES S., Detroit. Capt. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Resigned Sept. 12, 1862. 
and honorably discharged. 

FISHER, JOHN C, Eagle Harbor. Entered service Aug. 23, 1861. Serg't Conip'v B, 

Isi Cav., . Second Ll., Oct. 25, 1864. First Lt.^ Mar. 7, 1865. Mustered out 

Nov. 7, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

FISHER, SAMUEL, Galesburg. Second Lt. 25th Infy, Aug. 10, 1862. Resigned Feb. 

16, ib63, and honorably discharged. 

FISHER, THOMAS A., New Baltimore. Entered service Nov. 26, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 

I, 1st Eiig's and Mech's, . First Lt,, Jan. 1, 1861. Mustered out Oct. 26, lb64, 

and houoiably discharged. 

FISHER, WILLIAM H., Detroit. Entered service Sept. 11, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y E, 
7ih Cav. First Lt., Aug. 1, 1863. Capt., Oct. 12, lb64. Mustered out Doc. 15, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

FISHPOOL, EDWIN, New Baltimore. Second Lt. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Resigned 
Jan. 30, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

FISK, FRANKLIN, Kalamazoo. Second Lt. Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 12, 1861. First Lt., 
Jan. 1, lo64. Resigned Sept. 3, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

FISK, SMITH W., Cohhvater. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. 1st (3 months) 
iiit'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. First Lt. lUth Inl'y, July 28, 18G2. Resigned 
Jan. 31, 1«63. First Lt. yth Cav., to rank from Nov. 3, 1862. Wounded at the cap- 
ture of the rebel John Morgan at Sahneville, Ohio, July 26, 1863. Uonorubly dis- 
'•Jiarged for disabihty, Nov. 5, 1863. 

FISK, CHARLES W., Allegan. Entered service July 31, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y L, 4tL 
Cav. Second Lt., Dec. 6, 1863. First Lt., Aug. i, 1864. Mustered out July 5, 18o5, 
ajid honorably discharged. 

FITCH, DE WITT C, Mattawan. Capt. 13th Infy, Oct. 3, 1861. Maj. 25ih Infy, S.pt. 

17, 1662. Resigned Ap'l 12, 1864, and honorably dischaiged. 

FITCH, MELVIN J., Almont. Second Lt. 3d Infy, July 29, 1864. First Lt., Mar. 12, 
lb65. Resigned June 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

FITZSIMMONS, WILLIAM C, Hillsdale. Entered service Oct. 22, 1863. Reig't Comp'y 
1, ilLli Cav., . Second Lt., Jan. 21, 1865. Not mustcied as an oIliciT. Honor- 
ably dibcliaiged Nov. 2y, 1865. Cadet M. A., . 1865. Second Lt. 4.th U. S. Art.. 

J une 15, 186y. Resigned Dec 13, 1869, and honorably discharged. 

FITZGIBBON, THOMAS C, Detroit. Capt. 14th Infy, Nov. 18, 1861. Maj., Mar. 25, 
lb63. Mustered out Feb. 13, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

FITZGERALD, LEONARD O., Hastings. Capt. 21st Infy, July 30, 1862. Died Jan. 8, 
1663, of wounds received in action at Stone River, Tenn., Dec. 31, 1862. 

FLANIGAN, MARK, Detroit. Lt. Col. 24th Infy, Aug. 15, 1862. Wound.d in action at 
Gt'LLysburg. Pa., July 1, 1863, losing a leg. Honorably discluirged lor disability Nov. 
21, 1»63. Bvi. Col. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, " for ^'allantry in action at Frtdi-ricks- 
burg, Va." Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for meritorious conduct in 
tlie campaign of Gettysburg, Pa., and for service in that engagement." 

FLEMING, GEORGE W., Lenawee. Entered service Sept. 7, 18(>1. Serg't Comp'y E, 

3d Cav., . Second Lt., Nov. 10, 1664. First Lt., July 4, 1865. Capt., Nov. 8, 

1665. Mustered out as First Lt. Feb. 12, 1666, and honorably discharged. 



828 * MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

FLETCHER, NELSON, Flint. Entered service May 25, 18C1. Sera;'t Comp'y F, 2d 

Inf'v, . Second Lt., Dec. 7, 1862. Killed in action at Ox Ford, North Anna 

River, Va., Llay 24, 1864. 

FLETCHER, IRA W., Taylor. Entered service July 31, 1862. Serg't Maj. 24th Inf'y, 
. Second Lt., Mar. 30, 1865. Mustered out June 30, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

FLETCHER, JOHN, Edwardsburg. Chap. 9th Cav., Aug. 23, 1864. Mustered out July 
21, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

FLINT, EDGAR W., Detroit. Second Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. Resigned Jan. 9, 
1863, and honorably discharged. 

FLINT, CHARLES C, Jb., Three Rivers. Entered service Dec. 1, 1861. Serar't Maj. 

13th Inf'y, . Second Lt., Mar. 5, 1863. Firbt Lt., Mar, 19, 1864. Wounded in 

action at Bentonville, N. C, Mar, 19, 1865. Capt., May 12, 1865. Honorably dis- 
charged as First Lt. May 15, 1865. 

FLU ALLEN, SIMON, Dowagiac. Entered service Oct. 22, 1861. Serg't Comp'y E, 13th 
Inf'y , , Second Lt,, July 5, 1865, Not mustered as an oflQcer. Honorably dis- 
charged July 25, 1865. 

FLYNN, THOMAS, Three Rivers. Entered service Ap'l 20, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y G, 1st 
(3 months) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. First Lt. 11th Inf'y, Aug. 24, 1861. 
Capt., Nov. 15, 1862, Killed in action at Stone River, Tenn., Jan. 1, 1863. 

FOLLETT, JAMES J., Kalamazoo. Entered service Dec. 4, 1861. Serg't Comp'y F, 

12th Inf'y, . Second Lt., Sept. 13, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 19, 1864. Capt., Jan. 

7, 1865. Mustered out Feb, 15, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

FOLLETT, MARTIN P., Fair Plains. First Lt. and Q. M. 21st Inf'y, July 29, 1862. 
Resigned Dec. 14, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

FONDA, CHARLES W., Centerville. Second Lt. 19th Inf'y, July 28, 1862. First Lt., 
July 27, 1863. Wounded in action May 15, 1864. Adjt., Nov. 1, 1864. Honorably 
discharged Ap'l 13, 1865. 

FOOTE, OBED H., Grand Rapids. Maj. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. Resigned Feb. 26, 1862, 
and honorably discharged. 

FOOTE, HENRY K., Detroit. Supernumerary Second Lt. 5th Cav., Oct. 14, 1862. Died 
of disease at Poolesville, Md., Feb. 9, 1863, 

FOOTE, THADDEUS, Grand Rapids Maj. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. Col. 10th Cav., 
Sept. 5, 1863. Resigned July 25, 1864, for disability, and lionorably discharged. 

FOOTE, ALLEN R., Grand Rapids. Entered service June 10, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y B, 
3d Inf'y. Wounded in action May 21, 1862. Discharged for disability Dec. 23, 1862. 
Pvt. Comp'y B, 21st Inf'y, Jan. 2, 1864. Second Lt., Jan. 26, 1864. Mustered out 
June 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

FOOTE, CHARLES H., Jackson. First Lt. Comp'y B, 2d U. S. S. S„ Oct. 14, 1862. 
Mustered out Oct. 8, 1864, and honorably discharged, 

FOOTE, CHARLES E., Lyons. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y H, 1st (3 
months) Inf'y. Mu.stered out Aug. 7, 1861. lluc'ntered service Aug. 15, 1862, as 
Serg't Comp'y H, 22d Inf'y. Second Lt., Nov. 10, 1863. First Lt., Ap'l 1, 1865. 
Mustered out June 26, 1865, and lionorably discharged. 

FOOTE, GliORGE F., Lansing. Entered service Jan. 2, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y E, 14th 
Int'y. Second Lt., Feb. 4, 1863. Fin^t Lt. and Adjt., Aug. 2, 1864. Capt.,' Mar. 14, 
1865, Bvt. Maj. and Lt. Col. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, " for gallant and moritoiious 
service during the war." Mustered out July 18, 18()5. First Lt. 8th U. S. Cav., Ap'l 
21, 1868. Regimental Q. M., May 1, 1870. Now in service. 

FORBES, JOHN A., Hillsdale. Second Lt. 30Lh Inf'y, Nov. 28, 1864. Mustered out 
June 17, 1865, and lionorably discharged. 

FORCE, GEORGE B., Plainw(>ll. Capt., 13th Inf'y, Oct. 3, 1864. Resigned May 31, 

1862, and honorably dischajgcd. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 829 

FORD, CHARLES W., . Second Lt. Comp'y I, let U. S. S. S., Nov. 23, 18G3. No 

further record. 

FORD, CHARLES, Jackson. First Lt. and Q. M., 17th Infy, June 14, 1862. Resigned 
Dec. 18, 1862. Capt. and Com. of Sub. U. S. Vol's, Feb. 19, 18G3. Resigned Oct. 
9, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

FORD, HENRY A., Niles. Second Lt. 19th Infy, July 28, 1862. First Lt., Nov. 24, 

1862. Taken prisoner at Thompson's Station, Tenii., Mar. 5, 186:3. Paroled, . 

Capt., June 1, 1864. Mustered out June 10, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

FORD, HARMON, Jackson. Entered service Sept. 24, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y K, 3d Cav. 
First Lt. 28th Infy, Aug. 15, 1864. Honorably discharged May 15, 1865. 

FORMAN, EDWIN A., De Witt. Entered service Aug. 1, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y A, 23d 
Iiif'y. Second Lt., Ap'l 16, 1864. First Lt., Aug. 15, 1864. Mustered out June 28, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

FORSYTH. FRED J., Bay City. Entered service Mar. 1, 1862. Serg't Maj. 10th Infy, 
. Second Lt., Nov. 3, 1862. Resigned Oct. 27, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

FORTIER, JOHNB., Dotroit. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861. Serg'f Comp'y H, 5th 

Infy, . Second Lt. June 10, 1864. First Lt., Oct. 8, 1864. Capt., Jan. 23, 1865. 

Mustered out July 5, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

FOSTER, ANDREW J., Niles. First Lt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. Resigned Aug. 31, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

FOSTER, JOHN P., Pontiac. First Lt. 14th Infy, Nov. 18, 1861. Resigned June 20, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

FOSTER, NELSON S., Muskegon. Entered service Aug. 4, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 0, 
2Gth Infy. Second Lt., ApM 6, 1864. First Lt., Nov. 17. 1864. Capt., June 9, 1865. 
Mustered out as First Lt., June 4, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

FOSTER WALTER H., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861, as Serg't Maj. 5th Infy. 
Second Lt., May 20, 1862. Resigned Sept. 4, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

FOUNTAIN, CYRUS H., Manchester. Second Lt. 4th Cav., Dec. 24, 1862. First Lt., 
April 23, 1863. Resigned Jan. 28, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

FOWLER, THOMAS R., Jonesville. First Lt. 1st S. S., Mar. 31, 1863. Capt, Aug. 
15, 1864. Honorably discharged for disability, Oct. 17, 1864. 

FOWLER GEORGE, Fowlerville. Entered service Aug. 16, 1861, as Corp'l Comp'v K, 
9th Infy. First Lt. 1st S. S., Aucr. 22, 1863. Wounded in action May 12, 1864. Dis- 
charged" for disability, Dec. 27, 1864. First Lt. 30th Infy, Nov. 28, 1H64. Capt., May 
31, 1865. Mustered out as First Lt., June 30, 1865, and honorably di>-c!i;irgo(l. 

FOWLER, CHAS., St. Johns. Entered service July 22, 1862, as Serg't Maj. 23d Infy. 
Second Lt., Deo. 17, 1862. First Lt., Dec. 25, 1863. Q. M., June 20, 1864. Mustered 
out June 28, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

FOWLER, FREDERICK, Hillsdale. Capt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. Lt. Col., July 13, 
1862. Resigned May 2, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

FOWLER, SMITH W., Jackson. Capt. 6th Infy, Aug. 19, 1861. Resigned June 20, 

1862, and honorably discharged. 

FOX. BENTON D., Lowell. First Lt. 21st Infy, July 30, 1862. Wounded in action at 
Stone River, Tenn., Dec. 31, 1862. Capt., Mar. 26, 1863. Taken pri.-oner Ap'l 11. 

1863. Paroled May — , 1863. Maj., Oct. 20, 1863. Mustered out June 8, 1SG5. and 
honorably discharged. 

FOX, CHARLES J., Pontiac. First Lt. 4th Infy, July 26, 1864. Capt., Oct. 24, 1865. 
Mustered out May 26, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

FOX, CHARLES D., Lyons. First Lt. and Adjt. 26th Infy, Oct. 13, 1862. Resigned Ap'l 
13, 1863, and honorably discharged. 



S30 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

FOX, CHARLES T., Lyons. Second Lt. 9th Inf'y, Oct. 12, 1861. First Lt., Ap'l 4, 1862 
Killed in action at Tyree, Ky., Sept. 22, 1862. 

FOX, CHARLES D., Otsego. Entered service Oct. 16, 1861. Serj?'t Maj. 13th Inf'y 

. First Lt., Oct. 20, 1862. Capt., June 13, 1863. Killed in action at Cliickauiau^a 

Tenn., Sept. 19, 1863. 

FOX, DAVID F., Detroit. Entered service Sept. 10, 1861, as Cora. Serg't 9th Inf'y 
Second Lt., Jan. 7, 1862. First Lt. and Adjt. 27th lufy, Nov. 29, 1862. Houorabl] 
dischai-^ed for disability Nov. 24. 1863. 

FOX, DORUS M., Lyons. Maj. 9th Inf'y, Sept. 10, 1861. Col. 27th luf'y, Oct. 13, 1862. 
Wounded in action near Petersburg, Va., June 17, 186i. Resigned Oct, 3, 1864, and 
honorably discharged. 

FOX, HENRY M., Coldwater. Entered service Aug. 12, 1862. Sf^-g't Corap'y M, 5th 
Cav., . Second Lt., Ap'l 14, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged June 19, 1865. 

FOX, LESTER, Schoolcraft. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861. Serg't Comp'y C, 6th 
Inf'y, . First Lt., May 8, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged Aug. 20, 1865. 

FOX, OSCAR F., Lyons. First Lt. 27th Inf'y, Oct. 10, 1862. Died of disease, June 17, 
1863. 

FOX, PERRIN v., Grand Rapids. Capt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 12, 1861. Maj., 
Dec. 15, 1863. Maj. U. S. Vet. Volunteer Eng's, July 2, 1864. Lt. Col., Ap'l 17, 
1865. Bvt. Col., 3iar. 13, 1865, "for laiUilul and efficient service during the war." 
Mustered out at Nashville, Tenn., Sept. 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

FOX, ROBERT S. M., Howard. Entered service Oct. 2, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 12th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Mar. 19, 1864. First Lt., Oct. 19, 1864. Resigned Sept. 

18, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

FOX, WELLS B., Hartland. Ass't Surg. 22d Inf'y, Aug. 21, 1862. Surg. 8th Inf'y, 
Mar. 6, 1863. Mustered out June 24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

FRARY, ED SON S., Petersburg. First Lt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 12. 1861. 
Resigned Jan. 30, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

FRASER, WILLIAM E., Detroit. Ass't Surg. 15th Inf'y, Aug. 14, 1862. Mustered out 
June 23, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

FRAWLEY, THOMAS, Grand Rapids. Entered service Sept. 19, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 

B, 14th Inf'y, . Second Lt., Juiy 10, 1864. Capt., Jan. 17, 1865. Wounded In 

action Mar. 19, 1865. Mustered out July 18, 1865, and honorably discliarged. 

FREEMAN, GEORGE W., Battle Creek. Second Lt. 2d Inf'y, Sept. 22, 1861. First 
Lt., Dec. 4, 1861. Mustered out May 25, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

FREEMAN, JOHN S. Flint. Entered service June 19, 1861, as Sejg'l Conip'v A, 8th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Sept. 1, 1862 First Lt., Jan. 1. 1863. Capt., May 3, 18(14. 
Wounded in action at the Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1864. Musteied out Oct. 18, 1864. 
and honorably discharged. 

FREEMAN, ZADOCK P., Bath. Entered sci-Aice Aug. 12, 1862. Hosp'l Stew'd 26th 
Inf'y, . Ass't Surg., June 9, 1865. Not njustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged June 4, 1865. 

FREEMAN, WILLIAM, Ontonagon. Entered service Aug. 13, 1862. Serg't Comp'y A, 

27th Inf'y, . Second Lt., May 8, 1864. Taken prisoner at Ream's Station, Va., 

Aug. 21, 1864. Paroled March —, 1865. Fir^t Lt., Mar. 21, 1865. Capt., May 15, 
1865. Mustered out July 26, 1865, and honorably discliaiged. 

FREEMAN, WILLIAM H., Lapeer. First Lt. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Honorably dis- 
charged for disability Sept. 11, 1862. 

FREEMAN, JOHN, Detroit. Entered service May 25. 18!;i. Seig't Comp'y A, 2d Inf'y, 
. Second Lt., July 22, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged July 28. 1865. 



MICHIGAN IN THE \VAn. S'di 

FKENCH, GEO. W., Lyons. Second Lt. lOlli Cav., July 25, 18C3. First Lt., Ap'l 1, 
1804. Mustered out Nov. 11, 18G5, and houorably discharged. 

FKENCH, EBENEZER, Sturgis. Se.-ond Lt. 4th Iiify, Mav 16, 18fil. First Lt., Sept 
1. lsi;i. Capt., Sept. 1, 1862. Wounded iu actit-u' at r"rodt'ricli>l-urg. Va., Dec. 13, 
1802. Wounded at Gettysburg', Pa., July 2, 1803. Disoharffed for disability. May 
9, 18G4. Capt. 11th Inf'y, Mai-. 1, 1865. ^lut.tered out Sept. -16, 1865, and iionoiablv 
discharged. 

FRENCH, LUTHER C, Hudson. Ass't Surg. 4(h Infv, Aug. 23, 1802. Surfe'., Mar. 
13, 1863. Resigned May 18, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

FRENCH, SIMON S., Battle Creek. Ass't Surg. 6th Infy, Aug. 19, 1801. Surg. 2nth 
Iiify, July 29, 1862, Resigned July 21, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

FRENCH. EPHRAIM L.. Adrian. Second Lt. 11th Infy, Aug. 24, IbGl. Fiiat Lt., Jan. 
1, 1863. Resigned Nov. 3, 1663, and houoiably discharged. 

FRET, WILLIAM H., Bun Oak. Entered bervice Sept. 9, 1861. Siig'tMaj., 1st Inf'y, 

. First Lt., May 8, 1804. Bvt. Capt. U. S. Vol's, Aug. 6, 1804, " for gallant aud 

distinguished service during the oper.nions on th^' Wcklon railroad." Capt., Nov. 1, 
1864. Mustered out July 9, 1865, aud honorably discharged. 

FRIEDLANDER, CHARLES, Detroit. Entered service Mar. 11, 1862. Senr't Batt. H, 
1st Lighl Art., . Second Lt., May 29,1665. Not mubtercd us an olhcer. Hou- 
orably discharged July 22, 1865. 

FRINK, LUTHER H., HowelL Second Lt. Comp'y I, Ist U. S. S. S., Dec. 14, 1864. 

Not mut.lered. 

FRINK, NORRIS J., Marshall. First Lt. 25th Infy, Aug. 10, 1862. Resigned Oct. 29, 
1863. Capt. 26th Infy, Aug. 15, 1804. Maj., Dec. 10, 1864. Bvt. Lt. Col. U. S. 
Vol's, March 13, 1865, "for gallant and meiitorious service during the war." Mus- 
tered out June 5, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

FRISBEE, GIDEON, Niles. First Lt. 25th Inf'y, Aug. 10, 1862. Honorably discharged 

for disability Sept 24. 1864. 

FRISBIE, JOHN L., Hillsdale. First Lt. 11th Cav., Aug. 19, 1863. Capt., Jan. 15, 1864. 
Rebigucd for disability Ap'l 7, 16G5, and honorably discharged. 

FROST. EDWARD M., . Entered service Aug. 24, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y E, 11th 

Inf'y. Second Lt., Feb. 17, 1664. Not mustered as an officer. Houorably discharged 
Sept. 30, 1664. 

FROST, ROBERT, Albion. Entered service Ap'l 29, 1863. Serg't Comp'y G, 9th Cav., 

. fcjecoiid Lt., Nov. 21, 1664. First Lt., Oct. 26, 1864. Mustered out as Second 

Lt. July 21, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

FRY, JACOB G., Ganges. Second Lt. 13th Inf'y, Oct. 3, 1861. First Lt., May 31, 1802. 
Capt., Feb. 2, 1863. Resigned for disability Jan. 31, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

FULKERSON. WM., Florence. Capt. 25th Infy, Aug. 10, 1862. Resigned Ap'l 17, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

FULLER, ANDREW F., Adrian. Entered service Dec. 20, 1862. S.rgt Conipy B, 9th 
Cav., . Second Lt., Jan. 12, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged July 21. 1805. 

FULLER, ANDREW J.. Britton. Entered service Aug. 27. 1861, as Pvt. Comp'v I, 5th 
Infy. Second Lt. 9th Cav., Oct 27, 1803. First Lt., Jan. 27. 1804. Bvt. c apt. U. S. 
Vol's, Mar. 13, 1^65, "for gallant an<l nierilorious service during tiie canip.iigns in 
Georgia and the Carolinas." Mustered out July 21, 1665, and houoiably iii.-iliurged. 

PULLER, ELIJAH, Ionia. First Lt. 3d Infy, July 29, 1864. Capt., Mar. 12, 1865. 
Mustered out May 25, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

FULLER, GEORGE B., Jackson. Second Lt. 8th Infy. Jan. 8. 1802. First Lt. Apl 13, 
1862. Capt, Sept. 10, 1862. Mustered out Jan. 6, 1805, and lionorably discharged. 



^3"^ MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. , 

FULLER, GUY W., Ionia. First Lt., 16th Infy, Aug. 9, 1861. Capt,, Sept. 28, 1862. 
Mustered out Sept. 17, 1864, and honorably dischur^ed. 

FULLER, JESSE B., Coldwater. Second Lt. Batt. D, 1st Light Art., Sept. 24, 1862. 
Capt., Feb. 8, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 3, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

FULLER, JOHN, Morencl. Entered service Sept. 13, 1864, as Serg't Comp'y F, 4th Infy. 
Second Lt , Feb. 9, 1865. First Lt., Oct. 24, 1865. Mustered out May 26, 1866, and 
honorably discharged. 

FULLER, JOHN D., Deti'oit. Entered service Dec. 5, 1862, as Corp'l Provost Guard. 
First Lt. 11th Infy, Mar 1, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 16, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

FULLER, WILLIAM, Ann Arbor. Second Ass't Surg. 1st Infy, Feb. 1, 1863. Surg., 
Nov. 8, 1864. Mustered out July 3, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

FULLERTON, CHARLES K., Chesterfield. Entered service Aug. 6, 1862, as Serg't 
Comp'y F, 22d Infy. Second Lt., Nov. 17, 1863. Mustered out June 26, 18G5, and 
honorably discharged. 

FUNKS, MOSES A., Jones\ille. Capt. 4th Infy, May 26, 1861. Resigned Sept. 7, 1861, 
and honorably discharged. 

GAFFNEY, THOMAS H., NUes. Entered service Aug. 12, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y B, 9th 
Infy. Second Lt., Mar. 25, 1862. Wounded in action at Murfreebboro, Tenn., July 
13, 1862. Resigned Ap'l 9, 1863. Capt. 1st S. S., Aug. 8, 1863. Died at Wabhington, 
D. C, June 20, 1864, of wounds received before Petersburg, Va., June 17, 1864. 

GAGE, LEWIS R., Detroit. Second Lt. Batt. 1, 1st Light Art., Aug. 14, 1862. Resigned 
Ap'l 30, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

GAGE, SELECTER F., . Entered service July 13, 1861. Serg't Comp'y B, 1st Infy, 

. Second Lt., July 15, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably discharged 

July 9, 1865. 

GAGE, MORGAN L., East Saginaw. Capt. Independent Comp'y (Brady Guard), ISIexi- 
can war, June 18, 1847. Clustered out at close of Mar. Capt. 14th Infy, Nov. 18, 

1861. Resigned July 9, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

GAGER, FRANK, Detroit. Entered service Aug. 13, 1861. Serg't Maj. 16th Infy, . 

Second Lt., June 28, 1864. First Lt.. Sept. 22, 1864. Bvt. Capt. U. S. Vol's, Sept. 
30, 1864, "for gallant service at the battle of Peebles' Farm, Va." Capt., May 8, 
1865. Mustered out July 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

GAGNIER, CHARLES L., Detroit. Entered service Dec. 11. 1862. CorpH Provost 
Guard, . Second Lt. 2d Infy, Ap'l 1, 1864. Not mustered as an oQIcei'. Mus- 
tered out May 9, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

GAIN, JAMES, Port Huron. Second Lt. 7th Infy, June 19, 1861. First Lt., July 1, 

1862. Capt., May 1, 1863. Mustered out Oct. 5, 18G4, and honorably discharged. 

GAINES, JESSE, Constantine. Entered service May 25. 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 2d 
Infy, . First Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out July 28, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

GALBRAITH, ALEX. G., Lexington. Capt. 22d Infy, July 31, 1862. Wounded and 
taken prisoner at Chickamauga, Tenn., Sept. 20, 1863. Paroled Mar. 1, 1865. Died 
of disease Ap'l 1, 1865. 

GALBRAITH, FRANKLIN B., Lexington. Ass't Surg. 10th Infy, Dec. 19, 1861. Resigned 
Feb. 7, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

GALLAGHER, THOMAS, Detroit. First Lt. Batt. L, 1st Light Art., Nov. 3, 1862. 
Capt., Ap'l 25, 1864. Resigned Jan. 14, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

GALLAGHER, MICH.\EL F., Detroit. First Lt. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Ma.i. 9th 
Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. Resigned Feb. 4, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

GALLIGAN, GEORGE, Kalamazoo. Second Lt. 17th Infy, June 17, 1862. Died at 
Middleton, Md., Sept. 24, 1862, of wounds received inaction at South Mountain, Md., 
Sept. 14, 1862. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 833 

GALLO'WAY, JEUOME B., Monroe. Entorcd service Aug. 16, 18G4. Serg't Comp'y B, 

4tli Infy, . Second Lt. 11th Infy. Mar. 1, 1865. Fiist Lt., Mar. 16, 1865. 

Kesigned July 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

GALLUP. HOKACE M., Grass Lake. Chap. 17th Infy, Jan. 15, 1863. Resigned Jan. 
13, 186-i; cause, disability, and honorably discharged. 

GALPIN, CHARLES R., Battle Creek. Entered service May 25, 18(',1. Serg't Maj. 2d 

Itif'v, . Second Lt., Ap'l 12, 1863. Killed in action at Knoxville, Tenn,, Nov. 24, 

1863. 

GARDNER, GEORGE N., Saugatuck. Entered service Nov. 14, 1862 Serg't Comp'y I, 
oih Lav., . Second Lt., Ap'l 14, 1865. Mustered out June 22, 1865, and honor- 
ably difacharged. 

GARLOCK, ALFRED A., Ionia. Entered service Oct. 12, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y G. 10th 
Cav. Second Lt., Jan. 7, 1865. First Lt., Aug. 10, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 11, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

GARNER, LEVI M., HoUy. Surg. 15th Infy, Nov. 20, 1861. Died May 17, 1862. 

GARNER, WILLIAM, Wliite Lake. Entered service Nov. 5, 1861. Serg't Batt. H, 1st 

Light Art., . Second Lt., Jan. 1, 18G5. FirstLt., May -I'J, 1865. Mustered out 

an Second Lt. , July 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

GARRIGUES, SAMUEL S., Bay City. Ass't Surg. 29th Infy, July 29, 1864. Honorably 
discharged May 15, 1865. 

GARRISON, IRVING L., Detroit. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y A, 1st 
(3 moiilhsi luf'y. Reentered service Aug. 14, 1861, as Q. M. Serg't 1st Infy. Sec- 
ond Lt., Ap'l 22, 1862. First Lt.. July 17, 1862. Killed in action at Bull Run, Va., 

Aug. 3(), 1862. 

GARRISON, HENRY C, . Second Lt. Comp'y I, 1st U. S. S. S., Oct. 28, 1862. 

Fust Lt., Feb. 4, 1863. Capt., Oct. 15, 1863. Honorably discharged Oct. 7, 1864. 

GARVIN, THEODORE F., Coldwater. Entered service Oct. 21, 1861, as Sertr't Batt. G, 
Isl Light Art. Discharged Ap'l 23, 1863. Roindisted Sept. 8, 1664. Second Lt.,' 
Ap'l 6, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out Aug. 6, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

GARWOOD, ALONZO, Cassopolis. Surg. 28th Infy, Aug. 15, 1864. Mustered out June 
5, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

GASSIMERE, GEORGE H., Lansing. First Lt. 12th Infy, Oct. 10, 1861. Honorably 
discharged .Mar. 25, 1863. 

GEER. ISRAEL S., Hastings. Entered service June 10, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y D, 3d 
infy. Second Lt., Aug. 1, 1861. Capt., Dec. 26, 1861. "Wounded and taken prisoner 
at Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1804. Released Sept. 12, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 21, 
1864, and honorably discharged. 

GEISMLR. HENRY, Newport. Ass't Surg. 22d Infy, Oct. 7, 1862. Resigned July 12, 

1863. Pvt. comp'y I, 29th Infy, Aug. 20, 1864. Ass't Surg., Mar. 19, 1865. Mus- 
tered out Sept. 6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

GENEROUS, PETER, Mt. Clemens. First Lt. 5th Infy, Sept. 12, 1862. Capt., Sept. 
16, 1802. Killed in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1803. 

GEORGE, WILLIAM H., Decatur. Capt. 11th Cav.. Aug. 1, 1863. Maj., Jan. 21, 1865. 
ilusiered out as Capt. Aug. 10, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

GEPHART, HENRY, Niles. Capt. 12th Infy, Oct. 10, 1861. Resigned Dec. 19, 1862, 
and honorably discharged. 

GIBBON, LEONARD, Kalamazoo. Entered sei-vice Aug. 9, 1862. Serg't. Comp'y K, 
I'Jth Infy, . Second Lt., Nov. 24, 1802. First Lt., Ap'l 26, 1864. Capt., Nov. 1, 

1864. Killed in action at Averysboro. N. C, Mar. 16, 1865. 

GIBBS, CHAUNCEY, Muskegon. Second Lt. 26th Infy. Ap'l 1, 1862. First Lt., Ap'l 
26, 1864. Capt., July 12, 1864. Resigned Jan. 20, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

105 



834 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

GIDDINGS, HENRY E., Eiehland. Entered service Feb. 1, 1862. Serg't Comp'y A, 

13th Inf y, . Second Lt., July 5, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably 

discharged July 25, 18G5. 

GIES, PAUL, Detroit. First Lt. 27th Tnf'y, Oct. 10, 1862. Resigned May 25, 1863, and 
honorably discharged. 

GIFFORD, GIDEON W., Detroit. Entered service Oct. 1, 1861, as Serg't Batt. C, 1st 

Liiiht Art. Ho&p'I Stew'd 14th Inf'y. . Second Lt, May 20, 1863. First Lt., 

Feb. 13, 1865. Capt, July 7, 1865. Mustered out July 18, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

GIFFORD, EDSON P., Grand Rapids. Entered service Sept. 23, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
D, 1st Eng's and Mech's. First Lt., Mar. 1. 1863. Capt., Oct. 1, 1863. Mustered 
out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

GILBERT, EDWIN H., Ann Arbor. Entered service June 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'v D, 
4th Inf y. First Lt., Nov. 26, 1862. Mustered out June 30, 1864, and honorably "dis- 
charged. 

GILBERT, ERASTUS N., Ann Arbor. Entered service Sept. 21, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 

H, Sth Infy, . Second Lt., Nov. 1, 1862. Fkst Lt., May 6, 1864. Mustered out 

Sept. 28, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

GILBERT, HENRY C, Coklwater. Col. 19th Inf'y, Aug. 8, 1862. Died May 24, 1864, at 
Chickamauga, Tenn., of wounds received in action at Resaca, Ga., May 15, 1864. 

GILBERT, JOHN, Three Rivers. Entered service Aug. 20, 1862. Serg't Maj. 25th Inf'y, 
. Second Lt., Ap'l 3, 1863. Resigned Ap'l 25, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

GILCHRIST, JOHN, Praiiie Ronde. Second Lt. 25th Inf'y, Aug. 10, 1862. First Lt., 
Ap'l 7, 1863. Capt., Jan. 1, 1865. Mustered out June 24, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

GILLAM, OTIS H., Coldwater. First Lt. Batt. A, 1st Light Art., May 28, 1861. Re- 
signed Mar. 8, 1862. Capt. 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. Resigned for disabihty Mar. 11, 

1864, and honorably discharged. 

GILLESPIE, SAMUEL P., Adrian. First Lt. 4th Inf'y, July 26, 1864. Capt., Aug. 8, 

1865. Mustered out May 26, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

GILLETT, JAMES H., . Second Lt. 1st Mich., or 102d U. S. Col'd Inf'y, Jan. 20, 

1864. Honorably discharged for disability Aug. 2, 1864. 

GILLIES, ANDREW H., Flint. Entered service Aug. 18, 1861. Serg't Comp'v A, 8th 
Inf'y, . First Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out July 30, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged'? 

GILLMAN, JOSEPH F., Battle Creek. Second Lt. 2d Inf'y, Ap'l 25, 1861. First Lt., 
Sept. 22, 1861. Resigned Nov. 2, 1861, and honorably dischai-ged. 

GILLULY, JOHN, Brighton. Capt. 5th Inf'y, June 19, 1861. Lt. Col., July 18, 1862. 
Killed in action at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, 1862. 

GILLULY, JAMES, Ann Arbor. First Lt. 11th Cav., Aug. 1, 1863. Capt. Dec. 18, 

1864. Transferred to 8th Cav. on consolidation, July 20, 1865. Mustered out Oct. 6, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

GILSON, HORACE C, Albion. Second Lt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 12, 1861. Re- 
signed Dec. 25, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

GIRARD, EDWARD P. Jackson. First Lt. 28th Inf'y, Aug. 15, 1864. Resigned Mar. 
28, 1865, and honorably discliargud. 

GIROUX, BENJAMIN, Middlesex, Vt. Capt. Comp'y 0, 1st U. S. S. S., Oct. 18, 1861. 
Resigned Aug. 31, 1S62, and honorably discharged. 

GLADDING, JAMES W.. Charlotte. Entered service Sept. 9, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
B, 2d Cav. Second Lt., June 30, 1863. First Lt., Mar. 1, 1864. Resigned Feb. 20, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 835 

<3LINES, JEREMIAH E., Ionia. Entered service Oct. 5, 1861. Principal Musician 13th 
Infy, . Second Lt., May 12, 18G5. Mustered out July 25, 1865, and honorably 

tliscliurgi'd. ■■ 

GLOVER, ROLLA. Buena Vista. Entered service Aupr. 29, 1862. as Serg't Comp'v 0, 
7tli Cav. First Lt., June 13, 1863. Capt., Jan. 27, 1865. Transferred to 1st Cav., 
Nov. 17, 1865. Mustered out ilar. 10, 1866, and honorably dischaiged. 

GODLEY, JOHN C, Flint. Capt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. Maj., Sept. 25, 1862. 
Resigned Sept. 12, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

GOEBEL, AUGUSTUS, Detroit. First Lt., 2d Infy, Sept. 22, 1861. Capt. Aug. 25, 
1862. Resigned Feb. 17, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

<JOETZ, JOSEPH, Mt. Clemens. Capt. 22d Infy, July 31, 1862. Honorably discharged 
for disability May 17, 1865. 

GOGARN, JULIUS, Houiihton. Entered service July 21, 1862. Serg't Comp'y I, 23d 

Infy, . Second Lt., July 11, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 

cliarged June 28, 1865. 

GOLDSMITH, JOHN. Jackson. Capt. 17th Infy, June 17, 1862. Wounded in action at 
Souih Mountain, Md., Sept. 14, 1862. Resigned Jan. 24, 1863, and honorably dis- 
chaiged. 

GOODALE, CHARLES C, Owosso. First Lt. 14th Infy, Nov. 18, 1861. Resigned Mar. 
3U, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

OOODALE, CHARLES H., Kalamazoo. Capt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. Mustered out 
>)ay 17, 18C2, and honorably discharged. 

GOODALE, HENRY A., Genesee. Ass't Surg. 21st Infy, Feb. 13, 1863. Surg. 11th 
Infy, Ap'l 11, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

GOODALE, WILLIAM, Hougiiton. Entered service July 29, 1862. Com. Serg't 23d 

Infy, . Second Lt., Feb. 24, 1864. First Lt., Oct. 6, 1864. Capt., July 11, 

1865. Mustered out June 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

■GOODALL, ALEXANDER, Ionia. Entered service Aug. 16, 1861. Com. Serg't 9th 
Infy, . Second Lt., Nov. 25, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 15, 1865, and honorably 

discliarged. 

OOODALL, JACOB P., Ray. Entered service Nov. 1, 1862. Serg't Comp'y D, 8th 

Cav., . Second Lt., Jan. 5, 1864. First Lt., June 21, 1864. Mustered out July 

20, 1865, on consolidation with 11th Cav., and honorably discharged. 

•GOODRICH, JOHN V. B., Hudson. Second Lt. 4th Infy, Feb. 24, 1864. Mustered 
out Oct. 23, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

•GOODSELL, GEORGE, Adrian. Enterod service May 1, 1861. as Pvt. Comp'y K, Ist 
(3 months) Infy. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Reentered service Mav 29,' 1862, as 
Seri,-'t Comp'y A, 17th Infy. Second Lt., Sept. 14, 1863. First Lt., Dec. 25, 1863. 
Capt., July 19, 1864. Wounded in action before Petersburg, Va., Sept. 30, 1864. 
Bvt. Maj., U. S. Vol's, Ap'l 2, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious conduct before 
I'tdersburg, Va." Mustered out June 3, 1865, and honorably discliarged. 

GOODSELL, PERRIN C, ISIussey. Capt. 4th Infy, July 26, 18G4. Resigned Sept. 18, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

GOODWIN, FAIRFIELD, East Bloomfiold. Capt. 8th Cav., Nov. 1, 1862. Resigned 
Jan. 17, 1864, for disability, and honorably discharged. 

<JOODWIN. JOSEPH T.. Niles. Enterod sen-ice Oct. 20, 1863. Serg't Comp'y — , 8th 

Cav., . Second Lt., July 20, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

GOOLD, JAMES B., Parma. Entered service July 21, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y E. 20th 
Infy. Second Lt., Jan. 9, 1863. First Lt., Nov. 1, 1863. Died in Libby Prison, 
Richmond, Va., June — , 1864, of wounds received In action, May 12, 1864. 



836 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

GOEDON, ALPHONSO E.. Grand Eapids. Batt. Adjt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. First. 
Lt., Sept. 2, 1861. Capt., May 7, 1863. Resigned June 6,4864, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

GORDON, JOHN A., Detroit. Entered service June 20, 1861. Serg't Comp'y I, 4th 
Inf'y, . Second Lt., Sept. 1, 1861. First Lt., Jan. 15, 1862. "Wounded at Mal- 
vern HUl, Va., July 1, 1862. Capt., Sept. 3, 1862. Wounded in action near Sharps- 
burg, Md., Sept 19, 1862. Mustered out June 30, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

GOEDON, GEOEGE C, Detroit. Capt. 24th Inf'y, July 26, 1862. Taken prisoner at 
Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863. Escaped Feb. 22, 1865. Bvt. Major U. S. Vol's, Mar. 
13, 18G5, " for gallant and meritorious service during the war." Mustered out June 
30, 1865, and honorably discharged, 

GORDON, GEOEGE S., Alma. First Lt. 8th Inf'y, Aug. 12, 1861. Resigned Mar. 3, 
1862, and honorably discharged. Ass't Surg. 8th Inf'y, Dec. 18, 1864. Not mus- 
tered. 

GORDON, JOHN M., Redford. Second Lt. 24th Inf'y, July 26, 1862. Resigned Dec. 28, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

GORE, DANIEL C, Elkhart, Ind. Entered service Jan. 30, 1863. Serg't Comp'y E, 1st 
S. S., . First Lt., Dec. 9, 1864. Mustered out July 28, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

GORE, ALBERT, . Fu'st Lt. Comp'y D, Western S. S., Sept. 16, 1861. Resigned 

June 11, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

GOEHAM, SELDEN H., Marshall. First Lt. C3 months) Inf'y, May 1, 1861. Maj. 2d 
Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. Lt. Col,, Ap'l 17, 1862. Eesigned July 7, 1862, and honorably 
discharged. 

GOEING, JOHN, Detroit. Entered service Aug. 14, 1861, as Sorg't Maj. 1st Inf'y. Sec- 
ond Lt., Jan. 16, 1862. Taken prisoner at Gaines's Mill, Va., June 27, 1862. Exchanged, 
. Honorably discharged for disability, Sept. 16, 1862. 

GOULD, JNO. G,, Fentonville. Entered service Aug. 30, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y K, 9th 
Inf'y. Second Lt,, Aug. 17, 1863. First Lt., Nov, 14, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 15, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

GOULD, HENEY. Grand Eapids. Entered service Sept. 30, 1861. Sere't Maj. 2d Cav., 

. Second Lt., July 3, 1865. First Lt. and Adjt., July 31, 1865. Not mustered 

as an officer. Mustered out Aug. 17, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

GOULD, EBENEZEE, Owosso. Maj. 5th Cav., Sept. 2, 1862. Lt. Col., Dec. 31, 1862. 
Wounded in action at Hagerstown, Md., July 13, 1863. Col,, Sept. 21, 1864. Honor- 
ably discharged for disability, as Lt. Col., Nov. 10, 1864. 

GOULD, JOHN T., Plainfield. Entered service Sept. 8, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y F, 6th 
Cav. Second Lt., Jan. 5, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 24, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

GRACE, NEWELL, Detroit. Second Lt. 24th Inf'y, July 26, 1862. First Lt., Dec. 29, 
18G2. Killed in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863. 

GEACE, JOSEPH W., Gratiot. Entered service July 8, 1862. Serg't Comp'y H, 17th 
Inf y, . Second Lt., May 26, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged June 3, 1865. 

GRAHAM, ZIBA B., Flint. Entered service Aug. 1, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y C, 16th Inf'y. 
Second Lt,., Aug. 30, 1862. First Lt., Ap'l 22, 1863. Wounded m action at North 
Anna River, May 23, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

GRAHAM, JOHN, South Haven, Entered service Aug, 15, 1862, Serg't Comp'y G, 19th 

Inf'y, , Second Lt., June 15, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably 

discharged June 10, 1865. 

GRAHAM, JOHN, Berrien. First Lt. 12th Inf'y, Oct. 10, 1861. Capt., Mar, 19, 1864. 
Eesigned as First Lt., June 19, 1864, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAii. 837 

ORAHAM, IKVING, Quiucy. Entered service Feb. 18, 1805. Serg't Comp'y I, 11th 
Iiif y, . Second Lt., June 1, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 16, 18G5, and honoi-ably 

dischari;ed. 

GEAHA.M, JOHN, Three Kivers. Entered service Aug. 24, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y E, 
11th Inf y. First Lt., Feb. 17, 1864. Capt., Mar. 1, 18G5. Mustered out Sept. 16, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

GEANDY, "WILLIAM, Bay City. Entered service Aug*. 25, 1864, as Serg't Comp'y B, 
29th Inf y. Second Lt., July 7, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 6, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

GRANDY, CHARLES, Jackson. Entered sei-vice Sept. 10, 1861. as Serer't Comp'y A, Ist 
Kng's and Mech's. Second Lt., Jan. 1, 18G4. Mustered out Oct. 26, 1864, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

GRANGER, DAVID A., Trenton. Capt. 4th Infy, May 16, 1861. Resigned, date 

unknown. Pvt. Comp'y C, 11th Mass. Infy, Sept. 20, 1861. Second Lt., . First 

Lt., Aug. 11, 18G2. Capt., Sept. 15, 1863. Wounded in action Nov. 27, 1863. Died 
of wounds Oct. 27, 1864. 

GRANGER, EDWARD G. Detroit. Supernumerary Second Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. 
Second Lt., Ap'l -1, 1863. First Lt., June 6, 1864. Killed in action at Front Royal, 
Va., Aug. 16, 1864. 

GRANGER, GEO. H., Tekonsha. Second Lt., 28th Infy, Aug. 15, 1864. Fu-st Lt., 
Dec. 10, 1864. Mustered out June 5, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

GRANGER, GORDON, . Cadet M. A., 1841. Bvt. Second Lt. 2d U. S. Infy, July 

1, 1845. Transferred to Mounted Rifles, July 17, 1846. Second Lt., ]SIay 29, 1847. 
Bvt. First Lt., Auir. 20, 1847, " for gallant and meritorious conduct at Contreras and 
Churubusco." Bvt. Capt., Sept. 13, 18-f7, "for liallant and meritorious conduct at 
Chapultepec." First Lt., May 24, 1852. Capt May 5, 1861. Transferred to 3d 
Cav., Aug. 3, 1861 Bvt. Maj., Aug. 10, 18G1, "for gallant and meritorious service at 
the battle of Wilson's Creek, Mo." Col. 2d Mich Cav., Sept. 2, 18G1. Brig. Gen. U. 
S. Vol's, Mar. 26, 1862. Maj. Gen. U. S. Vol's, Sept. 17, 1862. Bvt. Lt. Col. U. S. 
A., Sept. 20, 1863, " for gallant and meritorious service at the battle of Chickainauga, 
Ga." Bvt. Col., Nov. 24. 18G3, "for gallant and meritorious service at the battle of 
Chattanooga, Tenn." Bvt. Brig. Gen., .Mar. 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious 
seivieeat the capture of Mobile, Ala. Bvt.Maj. Gen., Mar 13, 1865, for distinguished 
gallantry and good conduct at the capture of Forts Gaines and Moriian, Ala. Mus- 
t red out of volunteer service J;ui. 15, 1866. Col 25th U. S. Infy, July 28, lH(iG. 
Unassigned .Mar. 15, 18G9. Assigned to 15th Infy, Dec. 20, 1870. Died Jan. 10, 1876. 

GRANGER, HENRY W., Grand Rapids. First Lt. N. Y. Lincoln Cav., Aug. 14, 1861. 
Maj. 7th Mich. Cav., Dec. 20, 1862. Killed in action at Yellow Tavern, Va., Mav 11, 

1864. 

GRANGER, TETER Z., Saranac. First Lt. 3d Infy, May 13, 1861. Resigned Sept. 20, 

18G2, and honoiably discharged. 

GRANNIS, HENRY A., Adrian. First Lt. and Q. M. 4th Infy, May 16, 1861. Capt., 
Sept. 1, 1862. Resigned Nov. 6, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

GRANT. ALEXANDER, Utica. Second Lt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. Resigned June 4, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

GRANT, CLAUDIUS B., Ann Arbor. Capt. 20th Infy, July 29, 18G2. JIaj., June 20, 
18G4. Lt. Col., Dec. 20, 1864. Col., Dec. 20, 1864. Resigned as Lt. Col., Mar. 11, 
18G5, and honorably discharged. 

GRANT, HEMAN W., Spiing Arbor. Entered sei-vice Aug. 4, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y I, 
4th Cav. Second Lt., Mar. 28, 1864. First Lt. Nov. 24, 1864. Mustered out July 1, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

GRANT, HORACE D., Jackson. Capt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 1862. Taken pris.mer at 

Kiriiisti.ii, Ga., May 18. 18G4. Kxc^hanged . Maj., Feb. 23, 1864. Resigned 

Deo. 11, 18G4, and honorably discharged. « 



838 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

GKANT, MARCUS, Jackson. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Corp'l Comp'y B, 1st (3 
months) Inf y. Mustered out Au^. 7, 1861. Capt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 12, 

1861. Maj., Aug. 27, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged, 

GRANT, SOLON E., Jacljson. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y B, 1st (3 
months) Infy. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Second Lt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 
12, 1861. First Lt., Jan. 31, 1862. Resigned July 17, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

GRANT, SYLVESTER, Schoolcraft, Entered service Aug. 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y C, 
6th Infy. Second Lt., Nov. 25, 1862. Taken prisoner at Tunica Bayou, La., Nov. 8, 

1863. Released Mar. 1, 1865. Mustered out Ap'l 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

GRAVERAT, GARRETT A,, Little Traverse. Second Lt. 1st S S., July 22, 1863, Died 
July lU, 1864, of wounds received in action near Petersburg, Va., June 17, 1864. 

GRAVES, FRANK, Niles. Lt. Col. 8th Infy, Aug. 19, 1861. Resigned Sept. 24, 1862, 
Col., May 1, 1863. Killed in action at Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1864, 

GRAVES, GEORGE H., Albion, Second Lt. 12th Infy, Oct. 10, 1861. First Lt,, Sept. 
1, 1862. Resigned Mar. 27, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

GRAVES, PHINEAS, Albion. Capt. 12th Infy, Oct. 10, 1861. Maj., Aug. 3, 1862. Lt. 
Col., June 10, 1865. Mustered out Feb. 15, 1866, and honorably discharged, 

GRAVES, SAMUEL E., Adrian. Second Lt. 12th Infy, Oct. 10, 1861. Capt., Sept. 13, 

1862. Discharged for disability Dec. 20, 1864. Maj". 30lh Infy, Dec, 11, 1864, Mus- 
tered out June 30, 1865, and honorably discharged, 

GRAVES. WILLIAM W., Albion. Entered service Oct, 21, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y D, 
12th Infy. Second Lt., Sept. 1, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 19, 1864, Capt., Nov. 15, 

1864. Mustered out Feb. 15, 1866, and Ijpnorably discharged. 

GRAVES, WILLIAM H., Adrian, Capt. 1st (3 months) Infy. May 1, 1861, Wounded 
at BuU Run, Va., July 21, 1861. Capt. 1st Infy, Aug. 16,"l8Gl. Lt. Col. 12th Infy, 
Nov. 18, 1861. Col., Sept. 1, 1862. Wounded in action while in command of post at 
Duvall's Bluff, Ark., , 1864. Resigned June 10, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

GRAY, EDWARD, Detroit. Q. M. 1st (3 months) Infy, May 1, 1861. Maj. 3d Cav., 
Sept. 7, 1861. Resigned Sept. 28, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

GRAY, ELLIOTT, Tecumseh. First Lt. 7th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862. Wounded in action at 
Williamsport, Md., July 8, 1863. Resigned Feb. 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

GRAY, GEORGE, Grand Rapids. Col. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. Resigned May 19, 1864, 
and honorably discharged. 

GRAY, HORACE, Grosse Isle. Maj. 4th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. Resigned Feb. 22, 1864, 
and honorably discharged. 

GRAY, JEROME, Houghton. Entered service July 29, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y I, 23d 
Infy. Second Lt., Feb. 6, 1863. Resigned June 25, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

GRAY, PHARO, York. Entered service Aug 20, 1862. Serg't Comp'y C, 5th Cav., . 

Second Lt., Jan. 12, 1864. First Lt., Nov. 16, 1864. Capt., July 3, 1865. Mustered 
out as First Lt., June 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

GRAY, WELLINGTON W., Pontiac. First Lt. 1st Cav., Aug.. 22, 1861. Resigned June 
10, 1862. Capt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. Received severe internal injuries, includ- 
ing three ribs broken, in cavalry charge at Gettysburg, Pa., July 3, 1863. Honorably 
discharged for disability Feb. 5, 1864. Bvt. Maj., Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and 
meritorious conduct during the war." 

GREBLE, CHARLES E., AJmont. First Lt. 8th Cav., Nov. 1, 1862. Capt., Aug. 31, 

1863. Mustered out July 20, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

GREELEY, CHARLES E., Morenci. Entered service Sept. 11, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 
F, 11th Infy, . Second Lt., May 29, 1863. Not nuistered as an officer. Hon- 
orably discharged Aug. 14, 1864. 

GREELEY, STEPHEN S. N., Grand Rai^ds. Chap. 6th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862, Resigned 
June 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 



i 



MICHIGAN IN TUE WAR, 839 

GREEN, AUSTIN W., GroenviUe. Entered service Aup:. 15, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y H, 
8th luf'y. Secoud Lt., Sept. 1, 1802. First Lt., Jan. 1, 1863. Capt., June 3, 1804. 
Resigned July 25, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

GREEN, GEORGE W., Three Rivers. Ass't Surg. 28th Inf'y, Aug. 16, 1864. Mustered 
out June 5, 1866, and houorably discharged. 

GREEN, WESLEY A., Detroit. First Lt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 1862. Resigned Jan. 23, 
1863, and houorably discharged. 

GREEN, WILLIAM, , Indiana. Second Lt. Batt. D, 1st Light Art., Sept. 15, 1861. 

Resigned May 16, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

GREEN. WILLIAM F., Bell Centre. Ohio. Ass't Surg. 2d Cav., Oct. 20, 1862. Surg, 
1st East Tenn. Cav., Aug. 15, 1863. No further record. 

GREENE, GEORGE B„ Detroit. Entered service Aug. 12, 1862, as Serg't Maj. 23d 
Lify. Second Lt., Dec. 22, 1862. First Lt., Feb. 6, 1863. Adjt., July 16, 1864. 
Mustered out June 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

GREENE, JACOB L., Monroe. Capt., 6th Cav., Julv 14, 1863. Capt. and Ass't Adjt. 
Gen. U. S. Vol's, Sept. 21, 1803. Ma.i., July 11, "18(55. Bvt. Lt. Col. U. S. Vols, 
Mar. 13, lb65, "for distinguished gallantry at the battle of Trevillian Station, Va., 
and meritorious ser\iee during the war." Mustered out Mar. 20, 1866, and honorably 
discharged. 

GREENE, JACOB L., Lapeer, First Lt. 7th Inf'y, Aug. 7, 1861. Resigned Jan. 30, 

1862, and honorably discharged. 

GREENE, THOMAS, Monroe. Chap. 17th Inf'y, Ap'l 14, 1864. Mustered out June 3, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

GREENE, AVILLIAM M., Lansing. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862, as Sorg't Comp'y A, 
2(11 h Inf'v. Second Lt., Jan. 29, 18G3. Killed in action near Cumberland river, Ky., 
May 10, 1803. 

GREENFIELD, ALSON, Vassar. Capt. 29th Inf'y, July 29, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 
6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

GREENHOW, ANDREW, , Entered service Aug. 6, 1861, Serg't Comp'y B, 16th 

luf y, . Second Lt., July 7, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Houorably dis- 
charged July 8, 1865, 

GREGG, JUDSON H., Chesaning. Entered service Aug, 9, 1862, Serg't Comp'y B, 

23d Inf'y, , Second Lt., Aug. 15, 1864. Mustered out June 28, 1865, and hon- 

oi-ably discharged. 

GREGG. THOMAS, Detroit. Entered service May 2, 18G1, as Pvt. Comp'y F, 1st (3 
mouths) Inf y. Mustered out Aug, 7, 1861. Reentered service Oct. 6, 1861. as Serg't 
Biitt. C, 1st Light Art. Second Lt., Dec. 19. 1864. Mustered out June 21, 1805, and 
honorably discharged. 

GREGG, JOHN N., Schoolcraft. Ass't Surg, 25th Inf'y, Sept, 16, 1862, Honorably 
diiicliarged for disability Oct. 23, 1864. 

GREGG, RILEY A., St, Joseph, Entered service Aug. 30, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y B, 
7th Cav, Second Lt, Oct 23, 1864. Mustered out Nov, 7, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

GREGORY, ASA, Flint. First Lt. and Q. M. 8th Inf'y, Aug. 12, 1861. Cnpt. and Com, 
of Subs. U. S. Vol's. Nov. 20, 1802. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Aj)'! 3, 1805, '• for faith- 
ful iind meritorious s(M-vice in the subsistence department," Mustered out Ap'l 26, 
1860, and honorably discharged. 

GREGORY, JASPER L., , Entered service Aug. 23, 1861. a.s Serg't Comp'y H., 

Merrill Horse. Wounded in action July 18, 18(;2. Second Lt., May 1,1803. First 
Lt., May 1, 1863. Resigned May 28, 1804, and honorably discharged, 

GREGORY, CHARLES M., Jane«ville, N. Y. Second Lt. 5th Inf'y. Oct. 11. 1861. 
Capt., July 18, 1802. Wound. ., in action May 6, 1 804. Honorably discharged Sept. 
19, 1804, on account of disability from wounds received in actiou. 



840 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

GEIDLEY, WILLIAM H., Dearborn. Entered service Oct. 10, 1861. Serg't 2d 

Comp'y S. S IGtli Infy, . First Lt. and Adj't, July 14, 1865. Not mustered as 

an officer. Honorably discharged July 8, 1865. 

GRIFFIN, JOHN, Detroit. Entered service July 27, 1861, as Serg't ComD'y I. 1st Infy. 
Second Lt., Ap'l 5, 1862. First Lt., July 15, 1862. Capt., Aug. 30, 1862. Mustered 
out Aug. 27, 1864, and honorabh' discharged. 

GRIFFIN, ELI A., Niles. Capt. 6th Infy, Aug. 19, 1861. Wounded in action. May 27, 
1863. Resigned on account of wounds, July 17, 1863. Maj. 19th Infy, Oct. 22, 1863. 
Lt. Col., Ap'l 20, 1864. Died June 16, 1864, of wounds received in action at Golgotha 
Church, Ga., June 15, 1864. 

GRIFFIN, LEVI T., Detroit. Second Lt. 4th Cav., Dec. 18, 1862. First Lt., Feb. 1, 
1863. Adjt., Ap'l 15, 1863. Capt., Feb. 25, 1864. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 
1865, "for gallant and meritorious service during the war. " Mustered out July 1, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

GRIFFITH, EBEN B., Jackson. First Lt. 1st (3 months) Infy, May 1, 1861. Capt. 1st 
Infy, Aug. 17, 1861. Resigned July 17, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

GRIFFITH, CALEB, Lowell. Entered service Aug. 30, 1862, as Seig't Comp'y C, 7th 
Cav. Second Lt. 1st Mich., or 102d IT. S. Col'd Infy, Jan. 20, 1864. First Lt., Jan. 
20, 1865. Resigned Aug. 7, 1865, on account of wounds received in action at Gettys- 
burg, Pa., and honorably discharged. 

GRISSON, CHARLES E., Hamburg. Entered service June 20, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y D, 
4th Infy. Second Lt. 26th Infy, Sept. 1, 1862. First Lt., May 24, 1863. Adjt., 
Ap'l 15. 1864. Wounded in action at Spottsylvania, Va., Maj' 12, 1864. Capt., July 
29, 1864 Bvt. Maj. U S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service 
in the Held." Mustered out Ap'l 19, 1866, and honorably discharged, having been 
retained in service by sjiecial authority from the War Department after the muster 
out of the command to which he belonged. 

GRISWOLD, ALAMBERT A., Grand Rapids. Entered service June 10, 1861. as Pvt. 
Comp'y H, 3d Infy. First Lt., Ap'l 1, 1864. Mustered out June 20, 1864, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

GRISWOLD, GEORGE T., Vermontville. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861. Serg't Maj. 
6th Infy, . Second Lt., Mar. 7, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 20, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

GRISWOLD, HIRAM S., Flint. Ass't Surg. 11th Infy, May 7, 1863. Mustered out 

Sept. 30, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

GRISWOLD. JOSEPH B., Vermontville. Ass't Surg. 4th Infy, Nov. 15, 1864. Surg., 
Jan. 9, 1866. Mustered out May 26, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

GRISWOLD, ISAAC, Vermontville. Entered service Sept. 9, 1861. Serg't Comp'y B, 

2d Cav., . First Lt., Oct. 1, 1864. Capt., July 31, 1865. Mustered out as First 

Lt., Aug. 17, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

GROSVENOR, IRA R., Monroe. Col. 7th Infy, June 10, 1861. Resigned July 7, 1862, 
and honorably discharged. 

GROVE, JAMES F., Grand Rapids. Second Ass't Surg. 3d Infy, Aug. 15, 1862. Surg., 
Sept. 11, 1862. Mustered out June 20, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

GRUMMOND, GEORGE W., Detroit. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
A, 1st (3 months) Infy. Capt. 1st Infy. Aug. 17, 1861. Resigned July 14, 1862. 
Maj. 14th Infy, Mar. 2, 1863. Lt. Col., Mar. 25, 1863. Mustered out July 18, 1865. 
Second Lt. 18th U. S. Infy, May 7, 1866. Killed in action with Indians near Fort 
Phil Kearny, D. T., Dec. 21, 1866. 

GRUNER, CHARLES F., Sturgis. Entered service June 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y C, 
4th Infy. Second lit., Sept. 1, 1861. First Lt., Sept. 1, 1862. Mustered out Aug. 
18, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

GUEST, ADOLPHUS A., New York City. Second Lt. Comp'v B, 2d U. S. S. S., Ap'l 2, 
1862. First Lt., Ap'l 2, 1862. Capt., Oct. 14, 1862. JMustered out Oct. 10, 1864, 
and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 841 

GUILD, JOEL, Goor;,'ctown. Entered service June 10, lt-'61, as Pvt. Comp'v A, 3d Inf'y. 

Serg't Maj. 5th Infy. . Second Lt., Nov. 7, 18G4. Mustered out July 5, 1865, 

and honorably discharged. 

GUILD. SAMUEL C, Flint. Capt. 8th Infy, Sept. 21, 1861. Killed in action at James 
Island, S. C, Juno 16, 1862. 

GUILE Y, DANIEL E., Bridgeport. Entered service Aug. 22, 1864, as Serg't Conap'y D, 
29th Infy. Second Lt., July 7. 1865. Mustered out Sept. 6, 1865. and honorably 

discharged. 

GUILFORD, ANDREW J., Prairie Ronde. Entered sei-vice Aug. 31, 1863, as Serg't 
Conip'y F, llUi Cav. Second Lt., Dec. 18, 1('64. Transferred to 8th Cav. on con- 
solidation, July 20, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

GULICK, ROBERT F., Corunna. Furst Lt. 10th Inf'y, Oct. 1, 1861. Resigned May 23, 

1863, and honorably discharged. 

GUNDERMAN, JOHN, Essix. Supernumerary 2d Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. Second 
Lt., Nov. 25, 1862. Chap., Oct. 9, 1863. Mustered out June 22, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

GUNDLACH, WILLIAM, Detroit. Entered service I^Iay 25, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 2d 

Infy, . First Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out July 28, 1865, and lionorubly 

discharged. 

GUNN, MOSES, Detroit. Surg. 5th Inl'y, Aug. 21, 1861. Resigned July 14, 1862, and 
honorably discharged. 

GUNNING, JAMES A., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861. Serg't Maj. 5th Inf'v, 
. Second Lt., Jan. 29. 1862. Killed in action at Williamsbuig, Va., May 5, 1862, 



GUNNING, JOHN B., Farmington. Entered service Aug. 15, 1861. Serg't Comp'v 
9th Inf y, . Second Lt., Ap'l 20, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 15, 1865, and hone 



I, 

honor- 
ably discharged. 

GUNSOLLY, JAMES O., Owosso. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861. Serg't Comp'y H, 

5th Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 1, 1862. First Lt., July 12, 1862. Capt., June 25, 

1863. Mustered out Oct. 15, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

GUSTIN, JOHN W., Port Huron. First Lt. 3d Inf'y, July 29, 1865. Resigned June 14, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

GUSTIN, FRANK, Port Huron. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 7th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Oct. 5, 1864. First Lt., Oct. 5, 1864. Mustered out July 5. 

1865, and honorably dischai:-ed. 

HACKETT, JOHN H., Ypsilanti. Capt. 29th Inf'y, July 29, 1864. Resigned Aug. 7, 
1865, and honorabh' discharged. 

HACKSTAFF, JOHN L.. Coldwater. Capt. 11th Infy, Aug. 24. 1861. Resigned Mar. 
11, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

HADLEY, EDWIN, Ann Arbor. First Lt. 26th Infy, Sept. 1, 1862. Capt, May 24. 1863. 
Wounded in artion at Hanover Junction, Va., May 24, 1864. Honorably discharged 
for disability, Dec. 19, 1H64. 

HADLEY. SIMON B., Jonesvllle. First Lt. 4th Infy, May 16, 1861. Resigned D(>f. 11. 
1861, and honorably discharged. 

HADLEY, SIMON B., Litchfield. Entered service Aug. 13, 1862. as Serg't Coni|.'y C, 
4th Cav. Second Lt., Dec. 21, 1864. Mustered out July 1, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

HADWICK. RAINE A., Rockland. Entered service Aug. 14, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y A. 
27th Inf'y. Second Lt., Mny 1. 1863. First Lt.. Ap'l 1, 1864. Capt. 2ii In(l.-|...n(leiit 
Comp'v S S.. Sept. 27. 1864. Bvt. Maj U. S. 'Vol's, Ap'l 2. 1K65. " forco<.lnf.-.H and 
i bravery in the assault before Petersburg, Va," Mustered out July '26, 1»65, and hon- 

orably discharged 
Kir, 



842 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

HAIGH, GEOKGE W., Dearborn. Entered service Aug. 12, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y D, 
24:th Infy. First Lt., July i, 1863. Capt, Nov. 22, 1863. Mustered out June 30, 
1865, and iionorably discliarged. 

HAIGHT, CHRISTOPHER, Leonidas. First Lt. 11th Infy, Aug. 24, 1861. Died of 
disease at Bardstown, Ky., Feb. 5, 1862. 

HAIGST, SAMUEL D., Jaclison. Entered service Jan. 10, 1864, as Serg't Comp'y A, 9tti 
Cav. Second Lt., Aug. 27, 1864. First Lt., Jan. 4, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

HAIGHT, NEWTON, Jackson. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y B, 1st (3 
months) Infy. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Capt., 28th Infy, Aug. 15, 1864. Mus- 
tered out June 5, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

HAIRE, ROBERT A., Georgetown. Supernumerary Second Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. 
Second Lt., Dec. 3, 1862. First Lt., Feb. 5, 1864. Wounded in action at Trevillian 
Station, Va., June 12, 1864. Capt., Sept. 28, 1864. Mustered out July 3, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

HAIRE, OSCAR, Otseeo. Ente;-ed service Aug. 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y G, 6th Infy. 
First Lt., Oct. 21, 1862. Resigned July 19, 1864, and -honorably discharged. 

HALE, JOHN H.. Waukon, la. Entered service Dec. 19, 1861. Serg't Comp'y D, 13th 

Infy, . Second Lt., Feb. 13, 1863. First Lt., June 13, 1863. Wounded in action 

at Chickaniauga, Gn., Sept. 19, 1863. Capt., Mar. 19, 1864. Mustered out July 
25, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HALE, ALONZO, Kalamazoo. Entered service Aug. 8, 1862. Corp'l Comp'y F, 19th 
Infy, . Second Lt., May 1, 1863. Resigned May 25, 1864, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

HALE, LUTHER F., Coldwater. First Lt. Batt. F, 1st Light Art., Oct 15, 1861. Capt., 
Dec. 5, 1862. Maj., Sept. 1, 1863. Lt. Col., Mar. 14, 1864. Resigned Nov. 17, 1864, 
and honoiably discharged. 

HALE, HIRAM F., Battle Creek. First Lt. and Adjt. 6th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862. Discharged 
Mar. 25, 1864. Additional Paymaster U. S. A., Mar. 18, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 
15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HALING, EUGENE, Detroit. Entered service May 25, 1861. Serg't Comp'y D, 2d Infy, 

. Second Lt., July 22, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably discharged 

July 28, 1865. 

HALL, ANDREW D., Qnincy. Second Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. Resigned June 5, 

1863, and honorably discharged. 

HALL, ANDREW J., Coldwater. Capt, 1st S. S., Oct. 7, 1863. Resigned Aug. 1, 1864,. 

and nonorably discharged. 

HALL, CALVIN M., Almont. Second Lt. 10th Infy, Oct. 1, 1861. Resigned June 2,. 
1SG2, and honorably discharged. 

HALL, CHARLES T., Battle Creek. Second Lt. 13th Infy, May 31, 1862. First Lt., 
Sept. 17, 1862. Wounded and taken priboner in action at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 

19, 1863. Exchanged, . Capt., Ap'l 25, 1865^. Mustered out as First Lt., May 

15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HALL. E. HASTINGS, Battle Creek. Entered service Mar. 22, 1864. Serg't Comp'y K, 

ILiLh Lit y, . First Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Resigned June 25, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

HALL, EPHRAIM G., London. Entered service Aug. 24, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y I, 11th 
Infv. Second Lt., Ap'l 1, 1862. First Lt., Aug. 18, 1862. Wounded in action near 
Muilreesboro, Tenn., Jan. 5, 1863. Capt., Feb. 19, 1863. Mustered out Sept. 30, 

1864, and honorably discharged. 

HALL, HENRY C, Battle Creek. First Lt. 13th Infy, Oct. 3, 1861. Capt., Sept. 17,. 
18(i'2. .Mustered out Jan. 16, 1865, and honorably discharged. Lt. Col., Ap'ill, 1865.. 
Declined. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 843 

HALL, JAIRUS, W., Ann Arbor. Second Lt. 4th Inf'y, May 1, 186L First Lt., Sept. 1, 
1«6L Capt., July 1, 1862. Maj., May 22, 16G3. Lt. Col., July 13, 1863. Col., July 
26, 186-i. Bvt. Brig. G»mi. U. S. Vols, Mar. 13, 1865, "for jjallant and meritorious 
service during the war." Mustered out May 26, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

HALL, JAMES H., Lawton. Entered service Nov. 6, 1861. Cora. Sertj't 12th Inf'y, 

. Second Lt., Feb. 15. 1865. First Lt., June 14, 1865. Mustered out Feb. 15, 

1866, and honorably discharged. 

HALL, JOHN C, Pontiac. Capt. 3d Inf'y, July 29, 1864. Maj., Jan. 1, 1865. Resigned 
June 14, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HALL, JOHN W., Hudson. Entered service Aug. 13, 1862, as Serg't Maj. 18th Inf'y. 
Second Lt., Dec. 10, 1862. First Lt., Ap'l 5, 1864. Mustered out June 26, 1«65, and 
honorably discharged. 

HALL, JOHN B., Ho^Yell. Second Lt. 7th Inf'y, June 19, 1861. Resigned Jan. 30, 1862, 
and honorably discharged. 

HALL, NORMAN J., . Cadet M. A.. , 1854. Bvt. Second Lt. 4th U. S. Art., 

July 1, iS5y. Second Lt. 1st Art., Jan. 10, 1860. First Lt. 5lh Art., May 14, 18<;i. 
Col. 7th Mich. Iiil'y, July 7, 18o2. Bvt. Capt. U. S. army, Sept. 17. 18()2, "for gal- 
lant and meritorious service at the battle of Antietani, Md. " Bvt. Maj. U. S. army, 
kDec. 13, lfS62, " for gallant and meritorious service at the battle of Fredericksbuiir, 
Va. " Bvt. Lt. Col. U. !S. army, July 3, 1863, "for gallant and meritorious service at 
the battle of Gettysbiu-g, Pa." Discharged from Volunteer service for disability, 
June 4. 1864. Capt. 5th U. S. Art., to rank from Aug. 1, 1863. Retired Feb. 22, 1665. 
Died May 26, 1867. 

HALSEY. DAVID K., Richmond, Entered service Aug. 28, 1861. Serg't Comp'y B, 5th 
]nr>-, . Second Lt., June 10, 1863. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged June 27. 1865. 

HAMILTON. CHARLES, Burr Oak. Entered service Ap'l 19, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y G, 
Isi (."5 niontlisj Int'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Re(.'ntored service as Pvt., Aug. 

22, IbC.l. Serg't Com'y K, 7th Inf'y, . Second Lt., Ap'l 15, 1862. Resigned 

July 7, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

HAMILTON, WILLIAM B., Berlin. Entered service Aug. 22, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
B, 22(1 Irif'v. Second Lt., June 5, 1863. Taken prisoner at Chickamauga, Ga., 
Sept. 2t), 1863. Paroled Mar. 1, 1865. First Lt., Nov. 17, 1863. Mustered out June 
26, lh65, and honorably discharged. 

HAMILTON, JOHN, Watrousville. First Lt. 23d Inf'y, Aug. 1, 1862. Capt,, Dec. 25, 
lb6.J. Mustered out June 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HAMLIN, JOHN H., Eaton Rapids. Entered service Aug. 12, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
K, N. Y. Liucoln Cav. First Lt. 7th Mich. Cav., July 8, 1863. Wounded in action 
July 10, 1863. Capt., May 19, 1864. Mustered out Deo. 15, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

Il HAMMOND, SAMUEL W., Mason. Ass't Surg. 22d Inf'y, Nov. 12, 1864. Mustered 

;i out June 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HAMMOND, JOSIAH T., Tekonsha. Second Lt. 20th Int'y, July 29,1862. First Lt., 
June 26, 1863. Honorably discharged Mar. 16, 1864. 

! HAM.MOND, ELIJAH, Chelsea. Capt. 20th Int'y, July 29, 1862. Resigned Jan. 26, 
Ib63, and honorably discharged. 

I IIA.MPTON, CARLOS D., Hudson. Ass't Surg. 4th Inf'y, July 26, 1864. Mustered out 
I May 26, 1866, and hcmorably discharged. 

! HANCOCK, OSCAR, Hillsdale. First Lt. 27th Int'y, Dec. 15, 1863. Resigned Nov. 6, 
I 1864, and honorably discharged. 

, UANDRICKS, ALPHEUS, B., Clarkston. First Lt, 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. Capt, 
Jan. 8, 1864. Mustered out July 21, 1865, and honorably discharged. 



844 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

HANDY, WILLIAM J., Kalamazoo. First Lt. 2d Inf'y. Ap'l 25, 1861. Adjt.. Aug:. 2, 

1861. Capt., Sept. 22, 1861. Resigned on account of disability, Dec. 7, 1862, 
and honorablv discharged. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallantry in 
action at Williamsburg, Va., May 5, l'862." Bvt. Lt. Col. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, 
"for gallantry in action at Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, 1862." 

HANDY, JOHN B., Lockport. First Lt. 25th Inf'y, Aug. 10, 1862. Capt., May 8, 1865, 
Mustered out June 24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HANEY, JEREMIAH B., Leighton. First Lt. 28th Inf'y, Aug. 15, 1864. Resigned May 
8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HANLIN, ANDREW, Sagmaw City. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861. Serg't Comp'y K, 

5th Inf'y, . Second Lt., Sept. 17, 1862. Wounded in action at Chancellorsville, 

Va., May 3, 1863. First Lt., June 26, 1863. Mustered out Oct. 8, 1864, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

HANNA, WILLIAM H., Jackson. Entered service Feb. 3, 1862. Hosp'l Stew'd inth 
Ijify^ . First Lt., May 8, 1865. Mustered out July 19, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

HANNINGS, GARRETT, Kalamazoo. Capt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 12, 1861. 
Maj., Jan. 1, 1864. Lt. Col., Nov. 3, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

HAKSCOM, IRVING D., Shelby. Entered service Aug. 21, 1862. Serg't Comp'y B, 

22d Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 11, 1864. First Lt., Oct. 14, 1864. Mustered out 

June 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HARBACK, SAMUEL W., Fenton, Entered service Aug. 25, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y L, 
10th Cav. Second Lt., Ap'l 1, 1864. First Lt., Oct. 19, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 
11, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HARBAUGH, DAVID B., Detroit. First Lt. and Ad,it. 8th Inf'y, Sept. 11, 1861. 
Resigned Nov. 15, 1861. First Lt. and Adjt. 14th Inf'y, Feb. 28, 1862. Capt., July 
^ 14, 1864. Wounded in action Sept. 1, 1864. Mustered out Feb. 28, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

HARDY, JOHN C, Detroit. Entered service May 25, 1861. Serg't Comp'y D, 2d Inf'y, 
. First Lt., Sept. 24, 1864. Bvt. Capt. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 25, 1865, "for con- 
spicuous gallantry in the attack on Fort Steadman, Va." Capt., Ap 1 25, 1865. Mus- 
tered out July 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HARE, JOHN O., Fentonville. Second Lt. 5th Inf'y, Oct. 1, 1862. Resigned Dec. 1, 

1862, and honorably discharged. 

HARKNESS, LINDSLEY R., Adrian. First Lt. 11th Inf'y, Mar. 16, 1865. Honorably 
discharged Aug. 1, 1865. 

HARMON, ASA, Paw Paw. Chap. 3d Cav., Dec, 10, 1862. Mustered out Feb. 12, 1866, 

and honorably discharged. 

HARMON, GEORGE W., Ypsilanti. Entered service Aug. 7, 1862. Serg't Comp'y E, 

17th Inf'y, . First Lt., Aug. 4, 1864. Mustered out June 3, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

HARPER, JOSEPH, Cassopolis, Capt. 12th Inf'y, Oct. 10, 1861. Resigned May 7, 1862, 
and honorably discharged. 

HARPER, JOHN C, Dexter. Entered service Oct. 20, 1863, as Serg't 13th Batt. Light 
Art. Second Lt, Sept. 29, 1864. First Lt., June 5, 1865. Mustered out as Second 
Lt. July 1, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HARRINGTON, JOHN H., Detroit Entered service July 5, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 

1st Int'y, . First Lt., Nov. 1, 1864. Capt., May 30, 1865. Mustered out July 9, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

HARRINGTON, WILLIAM E., Tecumseh. Second Lt, 7th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862. Resigned 
Ap'l 7, 1864, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 845 

HARRIS, CHARLES W., Flint. Second Lt. 7th Inf'v, June 24. 1861. First Lt. Jan. 1, 
ist;2. Capt., Sept. 1, 1862. Wounded in action at Spottsylvanla, Va., May 11, 1864. 
Honorably discharged Nov. 4, 1864. 

HARRIS, CLARK M. Troy. Entered service Mav 28, 1861. Serg't Batt. A, 1st Light 

Art., . Second Lt., Sept. 21, 1863. First Lt., Sept. 5, 1864. Resigned May 25, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

HARRIS, EDGAR B., Shelby. Entered service Dec. 18. 1862. Serg't Comp'y C, 8th 

Cav., . Second Lt, Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

HARRIS. HENRY A., Saline. First Lt. 6th Inf'y, Aug. 19, 1861. Resigned May 7, 1862, 
and honorably discharged. 

HARRIS, JOHN G., Battle Creek. Second Lt. 11th Cav., Aug. 1. 1863. First Lt., Oct. 
4, 1864. Transferred to 8th Cav. on consolidation, July 20, 1865. On detached ser- 
vice at muster out of regiment. 

HARRIS, SAMUEL, Rochester. Second Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14.. 1862. First Lt., Jan. 1, 
1863. Wounded in action near Richmond, Va., Mar. 2, 1864. Taken prisoner at Old 
.Church, Va., Mar. 3, 1864. Exchanged Dec. 10, 1864. Honorably discharged for 
disability Ap'l 17, 1865. 

HARRISON, LISLE F., Detroit. Entered service Oct. 22, 1862. Serg't Comp'y F, 27th 
Inf'y, . Second Lt., May 15, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged July 26, 1S65. 

HARRISON, WILLIAM H., Niles. Entered service Sept, 9, 1861. Serg't Comp'y E, 2d 
Inf y, . Second Lt., July 22, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged . 

HART, JOHN E., Rasin. Entered service Dec. 12, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y B, 9th Cav. 
Second Lt., Nov. 13, 1863. Honorably discharged for disability Oct. 22, 1864. 

HART, BENJAMIN F., Bronson. Entered service Aug. 24, 1861. Serg't Comp'y D. 11th 
Inf'y, . First Lt., Jan. 9, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1864, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

HART, NOAH H., Lapeer. First Lt. 10th Inf'y, Oct. 1, 1861. Capt., Mar. 31, 1863. 
Mustered out Feb. 6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HARTMEYER, LOUIS, Detroit. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y A, 1st 
(3 months) Inf'y. Taken prisoner at Bull Run, Va., July 21, 1861. Mustered out 
Aug. 7, 1861. Second Lt. Stanton Guard, May 1, 1862. Mustered out Sept. 25, 1862, 
and honorably discharged. 

HARTSUFF, WILLIAM, Port Huron. Capt. 10th Inf'y, Oct. 1, 1861. Lt. Col. and 
Ass't Insp'r Gen. 23d Armv Corps, May 13, IBOS. Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, Jtin. 
24, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service at Franklin and Nashville." Mustered 
out as Capt. July 19, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HARTY, JOHN D., Detroit. Capt. 7th Inf'y, June 19, 1861. Resigned May 5, 1862, and 
honorably discharged. 

HASCALL, HERMAN E., Kalamazoo. First Lt. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Taken prisoner 
at Bull Run, Va., Aug. 30, 1862. Exchanged Dec. — , 1862. Capt., Sept. 2. 1862. 
Wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July 3, 1863. Honorably discharged Doc. 22. 1863. 

HASS, CHRISTIAN. Hudson. Entered service Aug. 18, 1862. Serg't Batt. I, Ist Light 

Art., •. Second Lt., Feb. 3, 1864. First Lt., S.>pt. 20, 1864. Mustered out July 

14, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HASTINGS, SMITH H., Coldwater. Entered service May 1, 1861, ns Pvt. Comp'y C, 
1st (3 months) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. First Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14. 1862. 
Capt., Jan. 10, 1863. Wounded In action at Trevillian Station, Va., June 12. 1864. 
Maj., Aug. 9. 1864. Lt. Col., Nov. 10, 1864. Col., Dec. 17, 1864. Mustered out 
June 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HASTINGS. WILLIAM, Adrian. Entered service Dec. 1, 1862. as Serg't Comp'y I. 7th 
Cav. Second Lt., Feb. 28, 1865. Not mustered asan officer. Honorably discharged 
Dec. 15, 1865. 



84e MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

HASTY, GILBERT M., Lansing. Entered service Sept. 12, 1861. Q. M. Serg't Ist 

Eng's and Mech's, . First Lt., Jan. 1, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 26, 1864, and 

lionorably discharged. 

HATCH, JOHN S., Homer. Entered service July 18, 1861, as Serg't Comp'v K, Istlnfy. 
Second Lt., May 5, 1862. First Lt,, June 27, 1862. Wounded at Bull Run, Va., Aug. 
30, 1862. Capt.", Dec. 15, 1862. Honorably discharged for disability, Sept. 16, 1863. 

HATCH, HENRY H., Charlotte. Second Lt. 6th Infy, Sept. 10, 1862. Died at Char- 
lotte, Mich., July 2, 1864. 

HATHAWAY, JOHN C, Detroit, First Lt. 4th Cav., Jan. 23, 1863. Capt., Mar. 31, 
1863. Mustered out July 1, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HATHAWAY, ALBERT L., Hartland. Entered service Feb. 12, 1863. Serg't Maj. 8th 

Cav., . First Lt., Jan. 18, 1864. Taken prisoner during Stoneraan's raid, Aug. 

12, 1864. Exchanged, Sept. 27, 1864. Capt., Dec. 27, 1864.' Mustered out Sept. 22, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

HATHAWAY, ARTHUR B., Owosso. Entered service Aug. 14, 1861. Q. M. Serg't 9th 

Inl'y, . Second Lt., Oct. 14, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 15, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. • 

HATTEE, CHRISTIAN, Detroit. Entered service Oct. 25, 1862, as Serg't Batt. K, 1st 
Light Art. Second Lt., July 21, 1864. First Lt., Ap'l 11, 1865. Mustered out July 
22. 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HATTEN, FRANCIS J., Adrian. Entered service Aug. 24, 1861. Serg't Ccmp'y E, 1st 

Cav., . Second Lt., June 13, l.s64. First Lt., Nov. 9, 1864. Capt., Mar. 7, 1865. 

Honorably discharged Mar. 22, 1866. 

HATTON, EZRA C, Farmington. Capt. 22d Infy, July 31, 1862. Mustered out May 29, 
1865. Caju. aTid A. A. G. U. S. Vol's, June 8, 1865. Mustered out Oct. 19, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

HAUTSCH, FREDERICK, New York City. Second Lt. 1st Mich., or 102d U. S. Col'd 
laf'y, Jan. 18, 1865. Mustered out Oct. 24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HAVENS, EDWIN R., Buchanan. Entered service Sept. 12. 1862, as Serg't Comp'v A, 
7th Cuv. Second Lt., May 24, 1865. First Lt., to rank from Feb. 27, 1865. Mus- 
tered out as Second Lt. , Dec. 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HAWES, RICHARD W., Buffalo, N. Y. First Lt. Batt. G, 1st Light Art., Sept. 7, 1861. 
Resigned Ap'l 1, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

HAWKER, GEORGE W., Dundee. Entered service Aug. 24, 1861. Serg't Comp'y I, 

11th Infy, . Second Lt., Dec. 10, 1862. Resigned Jan. 14, 1864, and honorably 

discharged. 

HAWKER, JOHN, Portsmouth. Chap. 29th Infy, July 29, 1864. Resigned May 1, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

HAWKS, CARLTON H., Monroe. Entered service Aug. 18, 1862. Serg't Maj. 5th Cav., 

. Second Lt., Ap'l 13, 1865. First Lt., Ap'l 14, 1865. Mustered out June 22, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

HAWKS, JAMES W., Dexter. Entered service June 20, 1861. Serg't Comp'y K, 4th 

Infy, . Second Lt., Sept 28, 1862. Died of disease near Bealton Station, Va., 

Ap'l 9, 1864. 

HAWLEY, JAMES, Hillsdale. Second Lt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. First Lt., Sept. 8, 
1862. Capt., Jan. 30, 1863. Killed in action at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 20, 1863. 

HAWLEY, TRUMAN W., East Saginaw. First Lt. 29th Infy, July 29, 1864. Mustered 
out Sept. 25, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HAWLEY, GEORGE, Coldwater. Entered service Dec. 30, 1861, as Pvt. Batt. F, Ist 
Light Art. Second Lt., Sept. 2, 1863. First Lt., Jan. 10, 1865. Capt., Ap'l 6, 1865. 
Mustered out as First Lt., July 1, 1865, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAIL B47 

HAWLEY, JOSEPH, Detroit. Entered service Sept. 20, 1864. Serg't Comp'y G, 3d 

Iiify, . Second Lt., Nov. 28, 18G5. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 

cliargod May 25, 18G6. 

HAYDON, CHARLES B., Kalamazoo. Second Lt. 2d Iiif y, S«M)t. 22, 18G1. First Lt., 

. Capt., Sept. 1, 18(12. Wounded in action at Jackson, Miss., July 11, 1863. Lt. 

Col., July 30, 1863. Died of disease at Cincinnati, Ohio, Mar. 14, 1864. 

HAYNES, NATHANIEL K.. Jackson. Entered service Sept. 19. 1861. Serg't Comp'y 

K, 8tli Iiil'v, . Second Lt., May 6, 1864. Not mustered as an officer. Date of 

discharge not known. 

HAZELTON. THOMAS H. B., Polkton. Entered service Aug. 5, 1862, as Serff't 
Comp'y H, 4th Cav. Second Lt.. June 12, 1864. First Lt., Dec. 11, 1864. Mustered 
out July 1, 1»65, and honorably discharged. 

HEAGLE, DAVID A , Detroit. Chap. 1st S. S., July 7, 1863. Mustered out July 28, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

HEATH, LEWIS W., Medina. Entered service Ap'l 19, 1861 as Pvt. Comp'y K, 1st (3 
months) liify. Second Lt. 11th Inf'y, Aug. 24, 1861. Capt. Ap'l 1, 1862. Resigned 
Ap'l 29, 1863, for disability, and honorably discharged. 

HEATH, DELOS L., Ridgeway. Ass't Surg. 17th Inf'y, Nov. 18, 1862. Surg. 23d 
Infy, May 1, 1863. Honorably discharged for disability Dec. 27, 1864. 

HEAZLITT, WILLIAM M., Dowugiac. Second Lt. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Capt., 
Nov. 12, 1862. Wounded in action at Gettysburg, Pa.. July 3, 1863. Wounded in 
action at Cold Harbor, Va., June 1, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 30, 1864, and honorably 

discharged. 

HECOCK, AMOS T., Monroe. Second Lt., 7th Inf'y, Sept. 2, 1861. First Lt., Mar. 1, 
1862. Capt., Ap'l 22, 1862. Honorably discharged June 22, 1863. 

HEDGES, MATHEW M., North Branch. Entered service Dec. 22, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 

F, lUth Int'y, . Second Lt., June 7, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honor- 
ably discharged July 18, 1865. 

HEIDT, LEWIS, Detioit. Entered sei-vice Oct. 21, 1862, as Serg't Batt. K, 1st Light 
Art. Second Lt., Sept. 21, 1863. First Lt., Mar. 8, 1864. Died of disease at St. 
Mary's hospital, Detroit, Mich., Aug 9, 1864. 

HEINE, CHARLES, Marshall. Second Lt. 6th Inf'y, Aug. 19, 1861. First Lt., Oct 9, 
1861. Resigned Sept. 25, 1862. Capt. 14th Batt. Light Art., Sept. 19, 1863. Mus- 
tered out July 1, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HEMPSTEAD, HENRY M., Marshall. Entered service Aug. 24, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
M, 2d Cav. Second Lt., Mar. 1, 1864. Capt., Dec. 22, 1864. Mustered out Aug. 17, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

HENDEE, OSCAR P., Corunna. Entered service Sept. 14, 1861. Serg't Comp'y I, 8th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., May 6, 1864. Wounded ui action at Weldon R. R., Va., Aug. 

19, 1864. First Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out July 30, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

HENDERSON, GEORGE H., Lapeer. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 

G. 7th Inf'y. First Lt., Sept. 18, 1862. Capt., May 12, 1863. Resigned Ap'l 6, 1^64. 
Capt. 4th Inf y, July 26, 1864. Mustered out May 26, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

HENDERSON, CHARLES, Detroit. Entered service Oct. 22, 1861. Serg't Comp'y B., 

15lh Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 6, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 13, ls65, and lion- 

orably discharged. 

HENDERSON, CHARLES S., Grand Rapids. Surg. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. Resigned 
Oct. 19, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

HENDRICKS, BENJAMIN W., Brownstown. Entered service Aug. 12. 1862. ts Serg't 
Comp'y G, 24th Infy. First Lt., Nov. 21, 1863. Wounded in action at Wildorneaa, 
Va., May 5, 1864. Capt., Oct. 14, 1864. Mustered out Juno 30, 1865. and honorably 
discharged. 



848 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

HENIKA, CHARLES B., Kalamazoo. Entered service Sept. 9, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 

G, 1st Euk's aiid Mech s, . Secoud Lt., Nov. 3, 1864. First Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. 

Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HENION, TUNIS W., Adrian. First Lt. and Adjt. 4th Cav., Sept. 1, 1862. Capt., Dec. 
18, 1862. designed Aug. 13, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

HENRY, ALEXANDER, Rockland. Entered service Oct. 31, 1862. Serg't Comp'y A, 

27th Infy, . Second Lt., May 15, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably 

discharged July 26, 1865. 

HENRY, JAMES V., Chelsea. Entered service Aug. 16, 1861. Serg't Comp'y H, 9th 

Infy, . First Lt., Dec. 23, 1863. Mustered out Sept. 15, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

HENRY, MARCUS W., Webster. Entered service Sept. 28, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y H, 1st 
Infy. Discharged for disability Aug. 27, 1862. Reentered service Oct 13, 1862, as 
Pvt". Comp'y M, 1st Cav. Second Lt., Ap'l 14, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 7, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

HENRY, MUNSON P., Tecumseh. Entered service Sept. 30, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y B, 
7th Cav. Second Lt., Feb. 24, 1863. Honorably discharged Jan. 8, 1864. 

HENRY, STEPHEN, Lapeer. Second Lt. 4th Infy, July 26, 1864. Resigned Jan. 31, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

HENSHAW, ALBERT T., Bowue. Entered service Sept. 2, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y H, 
6th Cav. Second Lt., May 1, 1863. Capt., July 1, 1864. Honorably discharged for 
disability, July 10, 1865. 

HERBERT, WILLIAM, Adrian. Entered service Dec. 2, 1862. Serg't Comp'y L, 1st 

Eug's and Mt^-ch's, . Second Lt., Jan. 1, 1864. First Lt., Nov. 3, 1864. Mustered 

out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HERKNER, JOSEPH C, Grand Rapids. First Lt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 12, 1861. 
Capt., Jan. 1, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HESS, BYRON E., Saranac. Entered service June 10, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y D, 3d 
Infy. Second Lt., Aug. 1, 1861. First Lt., Jan. 1, 1863. Wounded and taken pils- 
oner in action at Groveton, Va., Aug. 29, 1862. Exchanged, . Honorably dis- 
charged for disability, May 20, 1863. 

HESS, WILLIAM T., Grand Rapids. Second Lt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 12, 1861. 
Resigned July 13, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

HETZ, THEODORE, Grand Rapids. Entered service June 10, 1861, as Corp'l Comp'y 0, 
3d Infy. Second Lt., Jan. 2, 1862. First Lt., Jan. 1, 1863. iVlustered out June 20, 
1864, and honorably discharged. 

HEWES, FLETCHER W., Highland. Entered service Sept. 16, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
C, 10th Infy. First Lt., May 8, 1865. Mustered out July 19, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

HEWITT, CHARLES T., Tecumseh. Entered service July 29, 18G2, as Serg't Comp'y 
E, ISth Infy. Second Lt., Dec. 27, 1862. Furst Lt., Feb. 21, 1864. Honorably dis- 
charged Ap'l 22, 1865. 

HEWS, NELSON, Tuscola. Entered service Aug. 11, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y D, 23d 
Inf y. Second Lt., Dec, 25, 1863. Not mustered as an officer. Died of disease Mar, 

4, 1864. 

HEYALAUF, ANDREW, Ionia. Entered service Aug. 7, 1862. Serg't Maj. 21st Infy, 

. Second Lt., Oct. 29, 1864. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably discharged 

June 17, 1865. 

HEYWOOD, HARVEY S., Plymouth. Entered service July 28, 1862. Serg't Comp'y D, 
4th Cav., . Second Lt., July 9, 1864. First Lt., Dec. 21, 1864. Bvt. Capt. U. 

5. Vol's, May 19. 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service in the recent campaigna 
in Alabama and Georgia." Mustered out Sept. 1, 1865, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR, 849 

HICKEY, ANDKEW, Davisburg. Entered Pervicc Sent. 3, 1861, as Sorg't Comp'v I, 3d 
Cav. Second Lt., Ap'l 15, 1862. First Lt., Oct. 15, 1862. Died of disease Feb. 16, 
1863. 

HICKEY, MYEON, Davisburg. Second Lt. 5lh Cav., Aua;. 14, 1862. First Lt., Dec. 3, 
18(;2. Capt., June 6, 186-t. Ma.]., Ap'l 13, 1865. Transferred to 1st Cav., June 13, 
1865. Mustered out Sept. 5, 1865, and tionorably discliarged. 

HICKOK, HARRIS A., Howell. Entered sei-vice Aug. 20, 1862. Corp'l Coinp'y E, 26th 

Inl y. . First Lt. and Adjt., July 29, 1864. Capt., June 9, 1865. Mustered out 

as lirst Lt. and Adjt., June 4, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HICKS, BORDEN M., Tliree Riv.TS. Entered service Aug. 24, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y E, 
lllh Inf y. First Lt., Nov. 15, 1862. Capt., Sept. 20, 1863. Mustered out Sept. 30, 
1864, and honorablj' discharged. 

HICKS. CYREL S., Richmond. Entered service Aug. 13, 1861. Serg't Corap'v A, 9th 

Infy, . Second Lt., Aug. 5, 1863. First Lt, Sept. 27, 1864. Mustered out 

Sept. 15, 1865, and liouorably discharged. 

HICKS, GEO. B., Battle Creek. Entered service July 26, 1862. Serg't Maj. 20th Infy, 

. Second Lt., Jan. 29, 1863. First Lt, Nov. 29, 1863. Killed in action near 

Petersburg, Va., June 18, 1864. 

HICKS, JOHN J , Charleston. Second Lt 7th Cav., Oct 15, 1862. Resigned Sept 28, 

1863, and honorably discharged. 

HIGGINS, JAMES W., Niles. Entered service Aug. 12, 1861. Q. M. Serg t 9th Infy, 

. Second Lt., Aug. 1, 1864. First Lt, Nov. 23, 1864. Resigned July 15, 1865, 

and honorably discharged. 

HIGGINS, THOMAS, Detroit. First Lt. 14th Infy, Nov. 18, 1861. Capt, Jan 29, 
1«63. Wounded in action at Averysborough, N. C, Mar. 16, 1865. Mustered out 
July 18, 186 >, and honorably discharged. 

HIGHWOOD, CONRAD, Detroit Capt 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. Resigned May 11, 1862, 

and honorably discharged. 

HILL, EDWARD, Detroit. First Lt Lancers, Oct 16, 1861. Mustered out Mar. 20, 
1862. Second Lt. 16tli Infy, Mar. 19, 1862. First Lt., July 29, 1862. Wounded In 
action at Bull Run 2d., Va., Aug. 30, 1862. Capt., Ap'l 17, i863. Wounded in action 
at Cold Harbor, Va., June 1, 1864. Maj., Sept. 30, 1864. Lt. Col., May 8, 1865. 
Mustered out July 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HILL, GEORGE J., Richfield. First Lt 29th Infy, July 29, 1864. Mustered out Sept 
6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HILL, GEORGE D., Lansing. Entered service May 13, 1861. as Pvt Comp'y D, 3d 
Infy. Discharged Jan. 15, 1863. Serg't Comp'y I, 1st Cav., Oct 23, 1863. Second 
Lt., Oct 25, 1864. First Lt and Adjt., Mar. 7, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 28, 18C>5. 
First Lt. 42d U. S. Infy, July 28, 1866. Bvt. Capt, March 2, 1867, "for gaUant and 
nierit()riou.s service in the battle of Appomattox Court House, Va." Retired with 
rank ot Capt. Mounted, Dec. 31, 1870, for loss of left arm from wound received iu line 
of duty. 

HILL, GEORGE W., Detroit Second Lt 7th Cav., Dec. 3, 1862. Taken prisoner in 
action at Yellow Tavern, Va., May 11, 1>'>64. Exclianged Mar. 1, 1865. Fust Lt, 
ilay 24, 1865. Transferred to 1st Cav., Nov. 7, 1865. Mustered out Mar. 10, 1866, 
and honorably discliarged. 

HILL, GEORGE B. A., Lawton. Entered service Dec. 27, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y E, 9th 
Cav. Second Lt, Jan. 4, 1865. First Lt, Jan. 12, 1865. Mustered out as Second 
Ll. July 21, 1865, and honorably di-scharged. 

HILL, GOUNDRY, Flint Entered service May 25, 1861. Q. M. Serg't 2d Infy, . 

S<^cond Ll., Aug. 9, 1862. First Lt and Q. M., Dec. 3, 1862. Mustered out Sept 20, 

1864, and honorably discharged. 

HILL, HENRY G., Ann Arbor. Entered service June 20, 1861, as Sorg't Comp'y D, 
4th Infy. Second Lt, Nov. 26, 1862. Mustered out June 30, 1864, and houorably 
discharged. 

107 



850 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

HILL, HENRY, Otlsco. Entered service Aug. 6, 1862, as Serar't Comp'y B, 25th Inf y. 
Second Lt., Jan. 1, 1865. 1st Lt., Mar. 21, 1865. Mustered out June 24, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

HILL, LORIN C, Alamo. Entered service Aug. 7, 1862. Serg't Maj. 25th Inf'y, . 

Second Lt., Jan. 1, 1865. First Lt., Feb. 24, 1865. Mustered out June 24, 1865, and 
lionorably discharged. 

HILL, ROBERT F., Kalamazoo. First Lt. Ist S. S., Aug. 13, 1863. Honorably dis- 
charged for disability Dec. 10, 1864. 

HILL, SHERIDAN F., Eagle. First Lt. 18th Inf'y, July 27, 1862. Taken prisoner at 
Athens, Ala., Sept, 24, 1864. Paroled Nov. 14, 1864." Capt., Mar. 27, 1865. Mus- 
tered out June 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HILL, THEODORE J., Exeter. Capt. 18th Inf'y, July 27, 1862. Resigned Jan. 21, 1863, 

and honorably discharged. 

HILLIER, EDWARD G,, Detroit, Capt. Batt. M, 1st Light Art., Feb. 27, 1863. Hon- 
orably discharged for disability Aug, 9, 1864. 

HINCHEY, JOHN J., Antwerp. Capt. 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. Mustered out July 21, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

HINCKLEY, JAMES D., Adrian. Capt. 18th Inf'y, July 27, 1862. Maj., Mar. 21, 1865. 
Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honoraby discharged. 

HINCKLEY, HENRY V., Lansing. Second Lt. 1st S. S., May 8, 1863. Capt., Sept. 14, 
1864. Mustered out July 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HINES, ALBERT, Plymouth. First Lt. 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. Capt., June 10, 1864. 

Mustered out July 21, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HINMAN, LORD W., Lapeer, Second Lt, li:th Cav., July 25, 1863. First Lt, April I, 
1864. Mustered out Nov. 11, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HIPP, HIRAM B., Berrien. Entered service Oct. 5, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y I, 12th Inf y. 
Second Lt., Sept. 14, 1862. Honorably discharged for disability Mar. 29, 1864. 

HITCHCOCK, HENRY, Lyons. Supernumerary Second Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. 
Second Lt., Mar. 31, 1863, Resigned May 28, 1863, and honorably discharged, 

HOAG, EDWARD H., Tecumseh. Second Lt. 18th Inf'y, July 27, 1862. Fu-st Lt., Dec. 
27, 1862. Resigned Dec. 31, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

HOAGLAND, CHARLES A., Niles. Entered service Dec. 31, 1861. Serg't Comp'y E, 

12th Inf'y, , First Lt., Mar. 19, 1864. Resigned June 18, 1864, and honorably 

discharged. 

HOB ART, HENRY V., Ross. Entered service Sept. 9, 1862, as Serg't Maj. 6th Cav. 
First Lt. and Adjt., Mar. 25, 1864. Resigned Jan. 4, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HOBERT, ANDREW J., Niles. Ass't Surg. 1st Inf'y, Aug. 17, 1861. Surg. 1st Inf'y, 
Dec. 10, 1862. Mustered out Oct. 7, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

HODGE, NEWTON D., Flint. Entered service Nov. 22, 1861. Serg't Comp'y I, 10th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., ]\l ay 20, 1865. First Lt., June 7, 1865. Mustered out July 

19, 1865, and honorably dischai-ged, 

HODGMAN, SAMUEL C, Climax. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y I, 
7tli Inf'y. Second Lt., Sept. 2, 1862. Wounded in action at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 
1862. First Lt., Aug. 25, 1862. Capt., June 22, 1863. Resigned Mar. 1, 1864, and 
honorably discharged. 

HODGES, GEORGE S., Galesburg. Second Lt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. First Lt., May 
17, 18G2 Capt., May 27, 1863. Mustered out Dec. 26, 1864, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

HODSKIN, CHARLES H., Battle Creek. Entered service May 25, 1861, as Serg't 
Comp'y C, 2d Inl'y. Second Lt., Sept. 22, 1861. First Lt., Aug. 25, 1862. Capt., 
Feb. 24, 1863. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1864, and honorably discharged. 



M 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 851 

HODSON, HENRY H.. Detroit. First Lt. 5th Inf'y, Sept, 4, rSGl. Resigned Ap'l 3, 

1862, and lionorably discharired. 

HOFFMAN, ALLEN, Detroit. Eistered service Ap'l 16, 1864. Serg't Comp'y A, 27th 

Iiif y, . Second Lt., May 14, 1864. Wounded In action near Petersburg, Va., 

July 30, 1864. Honorably discharged for disability Oct. 17, 1864. 

HOGAN, MICHAEL A., Detroit. Second Lt. 8th Inf'y, Sept. 1, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 27, 

1863. Killed at Camp Nelson, Ky. . by assassination, Feb. 9, 1864. 

HOISINGTON, NORMAN H., Three Rivers. Entered service Nov. 15, 1861, as Serg't 
Comp'y G, loth Inf'y. Second Lt., Dec. 8, 1862. First Lt., Dec. 24. 1862. 
Capt., Feb. 13, 1863. Mustered out Jan. 16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HOLBROOK, GEORCiE, Cokhvator. Entered service Nov. 19, 1861, as Pvt. Batt. F, 1st 
I>iiilit Art. Secdiifl Lt.. Sept. 1, 1862. Wounded in action Oct. 8, 1862. First Lt., 
Sept. 2, 1863. Mustered out Jan. 10, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HOLCOMB, ALBERT A., Gales^burg. Capt. 28th Inf'y, Aug. 15, 1864. Resigned Sept- 
Pi, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HOLDEN, LEWIS S., Ann Arbor. Entered service Aug. 2, 1862, as Serg't Maj. 20th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., to rank from July 29. 1862. First Lt., Jan. 9, 1863. Capt., May 
12, 1864. Wounded in action near Petersburg, Va., July 30, 1864. Honorably dis- 
charged for disability Nov. 4, 1864. 

HOLDEN, SYLVESTER R., Jackson. Second Lt. 28th Inf'y, Aug. 15, 1864. Resigned 
Jan. 5, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HOLDEN, CH.ARLES H., Grand Rapids. First Lt. 26th Inf'y, Sept. 1, 1862. Q. M., 
Mar. 13, 1863. Resigned Ap'l 4, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

HOLLIDA Y, CHARLES B., Alma. Second Lt. 8th Inf'y, Aug. 12, 1861. Died on steanaer 
Van.lerbilt, off Port Royal. S. C, Nov. 4, 1861. 

HOLMES. EDWIN F., Fentonville. Entered service Feb. 10, 1862. Serg't Maj. 10th 

Inf y, . First Lt. and Adjt., May 8, 1865. Capt., June 7, 1865. Mustered out 

as Adjt. July 19, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HOLMES, GEORGE L., Plymouth. Entered service Ausr. 16, 1861. Serg't Maj. let 
Cav., . Second Lt., Mar. 24, 1865. Honorably discharged Mar. 22, 1866. 

HOLMES, GILMAN T., Gaines. First Lt. 1st Mich., or 102d U. S. Col'd Inf'y. Nov. 7, 
1863. Q. M., May 6, 1865. Resigned June 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HOLMES, MATHEW, Baltimore. Second Lt. 28lh Inf'y, Aug. 15, 1864. Killed in action 
at Wise Forks, N. C, Mar. 8, 1865. 

HOLMES, ROSWELL H., Detroit. Second Lt. 7th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862. Taken prisoner 
at Buekland's Mills, Va., Oct. 19, 1863. Eesea] ed two days afterward by runuing 
rebel gu.ird. Resigned Mar. 28, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

HOLSHAUER, FREDERICK. Detroit. Entered service Nov. 12, 1862. Sertr't Batt. K, 

1st Light Art., . Second Lt.. Aug. 9, 1864. Mustered out July 22, 1865, and 

honorably discharged. 

HOLSTON, WILLIAM F. H., Niles. Entered service May 25, 1861. Serg't Comp'y E, 

2(1 Inf'y, . First Lt.. Nov. 24, 1864. Capt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out July 

28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HOLTON. CHARLES M., Battle Creek. Entered service Sept. 4, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
A, 7th Cav. Second Lt.. Mar. 22, 1864. First Lt., May 24, 1865. Resigned June 23, 
1865, and lionorably discharged. 

HOLTON, SAMUEL M., Battle Creek. Entered sei vice Mav 25, 1861. as Corp'l Comi)'y 
C, 2d Inf'y. Ass't Surg. Ap'l 20, 1864. Surg., Mar. 11, 1865. Mustered out July 28, 
1865, and lioiioiably discharged. 

flOLWAY, DANIEL. Coldwater. Entered service July 23, 1862. Serg't Comp'y C, 17th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Feb. 24, 18(13. First Lt., Sept. 19, 1863. Capt., Jan. 6, 

1865. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Ad'I 2, 1865, " for gallant and trn'ritorious service in the 
actions of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania. Peterslmrg, and Wddon Ruiliond." Mus- 
tered out Juno 3, 1865, and honorably discharged. 



852 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

HOOD, CALVIN, Sturgis. Capt. 11th Inf'y, Au^. 24, 1861. Maj., Jan. 7, 1863. Eesigned 
as Capt., Mar. 17, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

HOOVER, ALBERT, Hoyghton. Entered service Aug. 11, 1862. Serg't Maj. 27th Inf'y,. 

. Second Lt., June 4, 1864. First Lt., Nov. 15, 1864. Mustered out July 26, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

HOPKINS, MORTIMER L., Grand Rapids. BattaUon Q. M. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. 
Mustered out June 1, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

HOPKINS, ASAHEL G., Comstock. First Lt. 13th Inf'y, Oct. 3, 1861. Resigned on 
account of disability, May 16, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

HOPKINS, ENOS. Jackson. Maj. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 12, 1861. Resigned May 
28, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

HOPPER, GEORGE C, Detroit. First Lt. 1st Inf'y, Aug. 19, 1861. Capt., Ap'l 28, 
1862. "Wounded in action at Gaines's Mill, Va., June 27, 1862. Wounded and taken 

piisoner at Bull Run, Va., Aug. 30, 1862. Paroled and exchanged, . iMaj., Mar. 

18, 1863. Wounded in action at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 
21, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

HORN, MILES, Otsego. Entered service Jan. 1, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y F, 8th Cav. 
Second Lt., Dec. 27, 1864. Died of disease at Kalamazoo, Mich., Sept. 8, 1865. 

'HORNER, JOHN W., Detroit. First Lt. 1st (3 months) Inf'y, May 1, 1861. Mustered 
out Aug. 7. 1861. Cai)t. 18Lh Inf'y, July 27, 1862. Maj., Aug. 13. 1862. Lt. Col., 
Feb. 21, 1864. Col., Mar. 21, 1865. Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

HORTON, WILLIAM, Jr., Dowagiac. Entered service Dec. 11, 1861. Serg't Comp'y I, 

12th Inf'y, . Second Lt., Dec. 31, 1864. Resigned June 12, 1865, and honorably 

discnarged. 

HORTON, ABRAHAM, Summit. Second Lt. 17th Inf'y, June 17, 1862. Resigned Dec. 
4, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

HORTON, HENRY S., Jackson. Entered service . Pvt. Comp'y B, 1st Cav., . 

Second Lt., Dec. 4, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 7, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HOSMER, DANIEL B., Castleton. Entered service Nov. 11, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y D, 
13th Inf'y. Second Lt., Sept. 17, 1862. Capt., June 19, 1863. Killed in action at 
Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 19, 1863. 

HOUGH, JAMES, Detroit. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y A, 1st (3 
months) Inf'3'. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Reentered sei'vice Aug. 13, 1861, as 
Serg't Comp'y E, iGth Inf'y. Second Lt., Aug. 30, 1862. Wounded in action at Bull 
Run (2d) Va., Aug. 30, 1862. Honorably discharged for disabiUty, June 27, 1863. 

HOUGHTALIN, HENRY H., New Baltimore. Entered service . Pvt. Comp'y L, 

8th Cav., . Second Lt., June 17, 1864. First Lt., Jan. 8, 1865. Mustered out 

Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HOUGHTALIN, JAMES, Hastings. Entered service July 22, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y C,^ 
21st Inf y. Second Lt., Jan. 17, 1863. Resigned June 11, 1864, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

HOUGHTON, MOSES B., Saranac. Capt. 3d Inf'y, May 13, 1861. Maj., Sept. 1, 1862. 
Lt. Col., Jan. 20, 1864. Col., July 29, 1864. Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 

1865, "for gallant and meritorious service during the war." Mustered out May 25, 

1866, and honorably discharged. 

HOUGHTON, CHESTER W., Houghton. First Lt. 27th Inf'y, Oct. 10, 1862. Capt., 
Ap'l 20, 1864. Wounded in action at Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864. Discharged 
for disabiUty, Oct. 3, 1864. Capt. and Com. of Subs. U. S. Vol's, Feb. 15, 1865. 
Mustered out Oct. 9, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HOUSE, C.\LVIN C, Albion. Entered service Sept. 7, 1864, as Pvt. Comp'y G, 9th 
Inf'y. Second Lt. 7th Cav., Oct. 13, 1864. Resigned Oct. 12, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

HOUSE, WILLIAM, Adrian. Second Lt. 1st (3 months) Inf'y, May 1, 1861. Mustered 
out Aug. 7, 1861, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 853 

HOUSTON, JOSEPH W., Paw Paw. First Lt. 3d Cav , Sept. 7, 18G1. Resigned Jan. 
12, 1862. Maj. 4th Cav.. Sept. 1, 1862. Resif,'ii«Hl .\ug. 23, 1863, and honorably dia- 
chaiged. 

HOVEY, JOHN S., Commerce. Entered service Dec. 1, 1862, as Serg't Maj. 9th Cav. 
Second Lt., Jan. 18, 1864. First Lt., Sept. 15, 1864. Muster.-d out July 21, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

HOVEY, EDWIN M., Fenttmville. Second Lt. 8th Inf'v, Sept. 1, 1862. First Lt., Jan. 
1, 186.3. Wound.'d in action at Wildeni.-ss, Va., May 6, 1864. Capt., June 3, 1864. 
Mustered out July 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HOWARD, GEORGE W., Coldwaler. Entered service Mar. 25, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y 
K, 9th Cav. Second Lt., June 9, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged July 21, 1865. 

HOWARD, LOREN H., LaGrange, Ind. Second Lt. 11th Iiify, Aug. 24, 1^61. First 
Lt., Jan. 7, 1863. Capt., Oct. 2, 1863. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1864, and honorably 
discharged. 

HOWARD, JACOB M. Jk., Detroit. Second Lt. 24th Inf'y, July 26, 1862. Resigned 
Aug. 15, 1863. Capt. and Aid-de-camp U. S. Vol'tj to rank lioni Mav 4, 1S63. Capt. 
and Ass't Ad.it. Gen. U. S. Vols, Mar. IS, 1864. Maj., Mar. 29, 18G5.' Bvt. Lt. Col., 
Aug. 11, 1865, "lor faithful and meritorious service during the war." Mustered 
out Sept 19, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HOWARD LABAN A., . Entered service Aug. 3, 1864, as Hosp'l Stew'd 4th Inf'y. 

Ass't Surg., May 22, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably discharged June 
12, 1866. 

HOWARD, SHEPARD L., Dearborn. Entered service Auar. 3 2. 1862. Serij't Comp'y 

D, 241 li Inf'y, . Wounded in action .\p'l 29, 1863, and again May 12, 1864. Fii'st 

Lt., Oct. 4, 1864. Mustered out June 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HOWE, CHARLES E., Berrien. Second Lt., 12th Inf'y, Oct 10, 1861. Wounded in 
aciion at Shiloli, Tenn., Ap'l 6, 1862. Capt., Sept. 14, 1862. Wounded in actiun at 
Hatcliie river, Tenn., Oct. 5, 1862. Oapt. and Ass't Adjt. Gen. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 28, 
1865. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "lor gallant and meritorious service dur- 
ing the war." .-lustered out Sept. 13, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

HOWE, CLARENCE M., Berrien Springs. Entered service Aug. 12, 1862, as Serg't 
Coinp y C, 25th Inf'y. Second Lt., Mar. 13, 1863. Finst Lt., Nov. 1, 1864. Capt. 
Nov. 12, 1864. Mustered out June 24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HOWE, WILLIAM F., Tecumseh. Entered service Aug. 7, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y F, 
26th Inf'y. Second Lt., Sept. 15. 1864. First Lt., June 9, 1865. Mustered out as 
Second Lt., June 4, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HOWELL, CHAUNCEY, Hillsdale. Entered service Sept. 20, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 

2d Cav , . Second Lt., July 31, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably 

discharged Aug. 17, 1&6.J. 

HOWEIiL. CHARLES. Dexter. A.ss't Surg. 13th Inf'y, Sept. 16, 1864. Resigned June 
5, 18 .5, and honorably discharged. 

HOWELL, SEYMOUR, SaUne. Second Lt. 6th Inf'y, Aug. 19. 1861. First Lt., Mar. 1. 
1862. Wounded in action at Baton Rouge, La., Aug. 5, 1862. Capt, July 13. 1863. 
Maj., Aug. 31, 1864. Mustered out Aug. 20, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HOWGATE, HENRY W., Armada. Second Lt. 22d Lif'y, July 31, 1862. First Lt., 
Drr. 31, 1862. ("apt., June 7, 1864. Not musteretl. Fir.st Lt., U. S. Signal Corps to 
rank from Mar. 3, 1863. Bvt. Capt. U. S. Vols, Mar. 13, 1865, " for gallant and mer- 
it' irious service in the battle of Chickatnauga, Ga." Bvt. Maj. Vol's. Mar. 13, 1865, 
"for gallant and njcritorious service in tin- .Vtlanlu cainpaiicn." MustiMvd out June 
20, 186:). Second Lt., 20th U. S. Inf y, Oct. 22, 1867. Bvt. Ist Lt., U. S. A., Oct 
22, 1807, "for gallant and im-ritorious service in the liattle of Chlckaniauira, Oa." 
Bvt. Capt., U. S. A., Oct. 22, 1867. "for gallant and meritorious service m the Atlanta 
campaign." First Lt., Aug. 4, 1875. Rc.',igned Dec. 18, 1880, and honorably dia- 
charged. 



854 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

HOWEIGAN, THOMAS W., Detroit. Capt. 1st Cav,, Aug. 22, 1861. Taken prisoner 

at Bull Run, Va., Aug. 30, 1862. Exchanged, . Maj., Mar. 1, 1863. Mustered 

out June 19, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HOYT, EDWIN, Jr., Grand Rapids. Entered service Sept. 2, 1861, as Serg't Maj., 2d 
Cav. Second Lt., Sept. 20, 1862. First Lt., Aug. 1, 1863. Adjt., Mar. 1, 186i. 
Mustered out Nov. 30, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

HOYT, BIRNEY, Paris. Entered service Aug. 4, 1862, as Serg't Corap'y A, 6th Cav. 
First Lt., July 5, 1864. Capt., May 15, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 24, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

HOYT, CHARLES, Adrian. Surg. 15th Inf'y, Oct. 28, 1862. Died at Memphis, Tenn., 
July 24, 1S63. 

HOYT, CHARLES A., Plymouth. First Lt. 24th Inf'y, July 26, 1862. Capt., Dec. 13, 
1862. Wounded in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863. Honorably discharged 
for disability Nov. 21, 1863. 

HUBBARD, DEVILLE, Marshall. Capt. 1st (3 months) Inf'y, May 1, 1861. Mustered 
out Aug. 7, and honorably discharged. 

HUBBARD, PERRY L., Pontiac. Second Lt. 1st Inf'y, Sept. 15, 1861. Taken prisoner 

at Gaines's Mill, Va., June 27, 1862. Paroled and exchanged . Fii'st Lt., Aug. 

30, 1862. Resigned Nov. 1, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

HUBBARD, GEORGE, Georgetown. Entered service June 10, 1861. Serg't Corap'y I, 
3d luf'y, . Second Lt., Oct. 20, 1862. First Lt., Nov. 1, 1863. Capt., April 10, 

1864. Mustered out as First Lt. June 20, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

HUBBARD, SAMUEL M., Otsego. Second Lt. I9th Infy, July 28, 1862. First Lt., 
Mav 1, 1863. Capt., June 24, 1863. Wounded in action May 28, 1864. Honorably 
discharged Nov. 30, 1864. 

HUBBARD, THERON T., Saginaw. Ass't Surg. 30th Infy, Dec. 30, 1864. Surg. 23d' 
Infy, May 2, 1865. Mustered out June 28, 1865,- and honorably discharged. 

HUBBELL, WILLARD W., Pontiac. Entered service Nov. 1, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y B, 
15th Inf'v. First Lt., Oct. 1, 1862. Capt., Mar. 4, 1863. Honorably discharged 
Aug. 14, 1865. 

HUBER, WALTER F., Grand Rapids. Entered service Sept. 19, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 
B, 1st Eng's and Mech's, . Second Lt., Nov. 3, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

HUCKINS, ISRAEL, Lexington. Capt. 10th Inf'y, Oct. 1, 1861. Resigned Sept. 25, 
1864, and honorably distharged. 

HUDSON, CHARLES T., Detroit. Entered service July 12, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y B, 
4th Cav. Second Lt., Jan. 23, 1863. First Lt., Mar. 31, 1863. Wounded m action at 
Shelbyville, Teini., June 27, 1863. Caf)t., Nov. 24, 1864. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, May 
10, 18ti5, "for meritorious service in the capture of J<'iT. Davis." Bvt. Lt. Col. U. S. 
Vol's, June 2, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HUDSON, EDWIN, Lansing. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862. Serg't Maj. 20th Inf'y, . 

First Lt., Oct. 20. 1864. Mustered out May 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HUDSON, SAMUEL E., Ypsilanti. First Lt. 1st S. S., May 31, 1863. Capt., Aug. 1, 
18()4. Honorably discharged for disability as First Lt., Dec. 31, 1864. 

HUDSON, JONATHAN, Trenton. Chap. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Mustered out Sept. 
19, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

HUDSON, GILBERT J., Paw Paw. Capt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. Maj., Nov. 1, 1862. 
Honorably discharged June 6, 1865. 

HUFF, WILLIAM, Kalamazoo. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862. Serg't Comp'y K, 19th 
Inf'y, . First Lt., May 8, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. H(morably dis- 
charged June 10, 1865. 






MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 855 

HUGCiINS, Allen P., Niles. Entered service Dec. 4, 1802, as Cora. Serg't 8th Cav. 
Fir^^t Lt., :\Iay 15, 186i. Com., May 16, 1864. Slustered out Sept. 22, 18G5, and 
honorably discharged. 

HUGHES, THOMAS F., Detroit. First Lt. 16th Infv, Aug. 9. 1861. Capt., Dec. 11, 
1H62. Wounded in action at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, 1862. Resigned Oct. 27, 
186}, and honorably discharged. 

HUGHES, JOHN, Coldwater. Entered service Dec. 9, 1861. Serg't Bait. F, 1st Light 

An., . Second Lt., Ap'l 6, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 

cliaiged July 1, I860. 

HULBURD, EDWIN M., Hudson. Capt. 18th Inl'y, July 27, 1862. Maj., Feb. 21, 1864. 
Lt. Col., -Mar. 21, 18C5. Mustered oul June 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HULETT, ALLEN M., Bowne. Entered service Sept. 9, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y M, 6th 
Cav. First. Lt., July 1, 1864. Not mustered. Died at Amiapolis, Md., Nov' 4, 1864. 

HULEN, HENRY H., Jackson. Entered service Dec. 27. 1862. Serg't Maj. 1st S. S., 
. First Lt., Mar. 7. 1865. Mustered out July 28, 18(55. and honorably discharged. 

HULIN. SAMUEL, Niles. Enteied service May 25, 1861, Serg't Maj. 2d Inf'y, . 

First. Lt., July 22, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably discharged July 
28, 1865. 

HULL. WILLIAJI A., Coldwater. Second Lt. 9th Inf'y. Oct. 12, 1861. First Lt., Feb. 
8, 1862. Capt., Apr. 9, 1863. Resigned August 22, 1864, and honorably discharged, 
to enter Gun -Boat service. 

HULL, WILLIAM, Detroit. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y A, 1st (3 
months) Inf'y. Mu.^tered out Aug. 7, 1861. Second Lt. 6th Cav., Get. 13, 1862. 
First Lt., Mar. 16, 1863. Resigned Mar. 16, 1865, and honorably dischaiged. 

HULL, SAAIUEL M,, Benton. Entered service Sept. 3, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y B, 12th 
Inf'y. Second Lt,, Oct. 19, 1864. First Lt., Apl 15, 1865. Mustered out Feb. 15, 
186 ■>, and honorably discharged. 

HULSART, WILLIAM, Bruce. First Lt. 22d Inf'y, July 31, 1862. Resigned June 11, 
18G4, and honorably discharged. 

HU^L\STON. WILLIAM W., St. Johns. Entered service Aug. 15, 1862, as Serg't 
Com|)'y G, 5th Cav. Second Lt., Mar. 22, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Hon- 
orably discharged June 22, 1865. 

HUMPHREY, WILLIAM, Adrian. Capt. 2d Inf'y, Ap'l 25, 1861. Col.. Feb. 16, 1863. 
Wounded iir action at Sjioltsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864. Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, 
Aug. 1. 1HIJ4, "for coiispicuous and gallant service both as regimcMital and britrado 
commander throughout the campaign." Mustered out Sept. 30, 1864, and honorably 
discharged. 

HUMPIIUEY, THOMAS B., Wheatland. Entered service Aug. 29, 1862. Serg't Comp'v 

K, ist U S. S. S., . Second Lt., May 25, 1864. Fii-st Lt., Nov. 15, 1864. No 

further record. 

HUMPHREY. WILLIS C, York. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861. Serg't Maj. 6th Infv, 

. SecoiKi Lt., 3(itli Int'y, Nov. 28, 1864. 1st Lt., Juno 5, 1865. Mustered out Juno 

30, 1665, and honorably discharged. 

HU.MPIIREYVILLE, REUBEN H., Livonln, Entered sei-vice Aug. 12, 1862, as Serg't 
Compy K, 24lh Inl y. Second Lt., Dec. 14, lb62. Killed in action at Gettysbmg, 
Pa., J lily 1, 1B63. 

HUNT, ALONZO 0., St. Johns. Second Lt. 23d Infy, Aug. 1, 1862. Resigned Dec. 29. 

1562, and honorably di.scharged. 

HUNT, CHARLES J., Port Hnron. First Lt. 7th Inf'y, June 19, 1861. Capt., July 30, 
1«62. Wounded in a(-tion at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862. Transferred to Vot. 
Reserve Corps, Sei t. 21, 1863. No further record. 

HUNT, GEORGE W.. Deiroit. Capt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. Resigned Mar. 23, 1863, 

and honoraoly discharged. 



856 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

HUNT, HEEMAN, Hastings. First Lt. 21st Infy, July 30, 1862. Died of disease Dec. 
16, 1862. 

HUNT, LEONARD H., Lowell Second Lt. 26th Infy, Sept. 1, 1862. First Lt., Dec. 
23, 1863. Wounded in action at Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864. Capt., Sept. 26, 
1864. Honorably discliarged for disability, Mar. 16, 1865. 

HUNT, OMAR W., Sherman. Second Lt. lltli Infy, Mar. 1, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 
16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HUNT, THOMAS H., Port Huron. First Lt. Comp'y 0, 1st Mich. Vol's, Mexican War, 
Deo. 1, 1847. Mustered out Julv 23, 1848 Capt. 7th luf'y, Aug. 19, 1861. Maj., 
July 30, 1862. Honorably discharged Ap'l 20, 1863. 

HUNT WILLIAM H., Coldwater Entered service Aug. 8, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y M, 
5th Oav Second Lt., July 3, 1865. Not mustered as an officer Honorably dis- 
charged June 19, 1865. 

HUNTER, ARVINE P., Lowell. Entered service Aug 9, 1862. Commissary Serg't 26th 
Inl' y, Second Lt., June 9, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged June 4, 1865. 

HUNTING, ISAAC, Grand Haven. Maj. 21st Infy, Aug 21, 1862. Resigned Jan. 23, 
1863, and honorably discliarged. 

HUNTING, SYLVAN S., Detroit. Chap 27th Infy, Mar. 26, 1863. Mustered out July 
26, 186-), and honorably discliarged. 

HUNTINGTON, ROBERT M., Kalamazoo. Entered service Aug. 23, 1861, as Pvt. 
Comp'y I, 6th Infy, Ass't Surg , July 21, 1864. Not mustered as an officer. Date 
of discharge not liuown. 

HUNTLEY, JAMES G., Niles. Entered service Aug 12, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y B, 9th 
Infy Second Lt., Dec 19, 1862. First Lt., Aug 5, 1863. Capt., Nov. 23, 1864. 
Mu.stered out Sept 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HUNTON KINSMAN A., Marshall. Lt Col. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 12, 1861, 
Mustered out Oct. 26, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

HUPERT, wHRISrOPHER, Detroit, Second Lt Batt. K, 1st Light Art., Feb. 20, 1863. 
Resigned Sept. 21, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

HURD, WILLIAM B., Jack.son. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y B, 1st (3 
niontus; Infy .Mastered out Aug. 7, 18G1. ReLuLcied service June 4, 1S62, as Serg't 
Comp'y K, 17th Infy. Second Lt., Feb. 25, 1863. Taken prisoner at Spottsylvunia, 
Va. May 12, 1864. Released Mar. 1, 1865 Capt , Iilay 17, 1865. Mustered out as 
Second Lt., June 3, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HURD, GEORGE W., London. Entered service Aug. 8, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y H, 18th 
Infy. Second Lt., Ap'l 5, 1864. Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

HURL HUT, WILBERFORCE, Alton, 111. First Lt. 6th Inf'y, Mar. 10, 1862. Capt., 
May 5, 1863. Wounded in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863. Killed in action 
at Wilderness, Va. May 5, 1864. 

HUSSEY, AUGUSTUS, Detroit. Entered service Aug. 8, 1862. Serg't Comp'y H, 24th 

Infy, . Second Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out June 30, 1865, and honorablj^ 

discharged 

HUSTON, BENJAMIN W., Vassar Capt 23d Infy, Aug, 1, 1863. Maj., Ap'l 16, 1864. 
Resigned Dec. 29, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

HUSTON, WM. H H. Van Buren. Entered service Jan. 19, 1864. Serg't Maj. 3d Cav., 
. Second Lt.. Oct. 3, 1864. First Lt., Dftc. 7, 1864. Capt., July 4, 1865. Mus- 
tered out Feb. 12, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

HUSTON, JOHN S., Lyons. Maj. 7th Cav., Oct. 14, 1862. Honorably discharged Feb. 
13, 1864. 



MICHIGAN IX THE \VAll. ^'^"^ 



HUSTON, JOSEPH, W., Paw Paw. First Lt. 3d Cuv., Sept. 7, 1861. Eesi^'ncc 
12, 1S()2. ]Maj. 4th Cav., Sept. 1, 18G2. llesiKned Au«. 23, 18G3, and homuabl 



I'd Jan. 
I'&hly dis- 
charged. 

HUTCHINS, CHAS. H., Detroit. Second Lt. 5th Iiif'y, June 19,1861. First Lt., Jan. 

29, 1862. Killed in action at Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, 1862. 

HUTCHINSON, BICKFORD P., Utica. First Lt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 1862. Kt-signed 
Feb. 16, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

HUTCHINSON, FREDERICK S., Lyons. Entered service Nov 12, 1861, as Serg't 
Conip'y F, 15th Inly ^\oun(led in action Ap'i 6, 1862. First Lt. and Adjt., May 1, 
1862. Taken prisoner in action July — , 1862, near Bolivar, Tenn. Escaped .-^anie 
day by runiiini; the guard. Taken prisoner in action at Holly Springs, Miss., Dec. 
— , 1862. Exchanged April -, 1863. Maj., May 31, 1863. Lt. Col., June 7, 1864. 
Woiinded in action Aug. 31, 18iJ4 Col., Jan. 14, 1865. Bvt. Brig. Gen Vol's, .May 
24, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service during the war. " Mustered out Aug. 
13, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HUTCHINSON, JOHN H., Jackson. Ass't Surg. 15th Inf'y, June 9, 1862. Surg., Jan. 
13, 1864. Mustered out Aug. 13, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HUTCHINSON, ROBERT G., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 12, 1861, as Serg't Coinp'y 
C, 8th Inf'y. First Lt., May 14, 1862. Wounded in action at James Island, S. C, 
June 16, i862. Capt.. Jiar. 13, 1863. Wounded and taken prisoner May 6, 1864. 
Released, . Died of disease at Detroit, Mich., Jan. 2, 1865. 

HUTCHINSON, WILLIAM B., Detroit. Entered service July 24, 1862, as Serg't 
Conip'y F, 24tli Int'y. First Lt., Ap'l 15, 1864. Killed in action at the Wilderness, 
Va., May 6, 18(;4. 

HUTCHINSON, WILLIAM, Detroit. First Lt. 24th Inf'y, July 26, 1862. Capt., Mar. 
10, 1863. Wounded in a( tion at Gettysburg, Pa., Julv 1. 1863. Maj , June 19. 1K64. 
Wounded in action at Petersburg, Va., June 19, 1864. " Bvt. Lt. Col., U. S. Vol's, Mar. 
13, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious services during the war." Mustered out June 

30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HUTSON, HENRY A., . Second Lt., Batt. F, Ist Light Art., Oct. 15, 1861. 

Resigned July 0, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

BUTTON, GEORGE, Detroit. Entered service July 24, 1862, as Serg't Conip'y G, 24th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Dec. 13, 1862. Capt., July 4, 1863. Killed in action at Wilder- 
ness, Va., May 5, 1864. 

BUTTON, JOHN H., Niies. Second Lt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. First Lt., Sept. 9, 
1862. Resigned Ap'l 9, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

HYDE, JAMES D., Marshall. Entered service Oct. 10, 1862. Hosp'l Stewd. 9th Inf'y. 

. Second Lt., Sept. 27, 1864. First Lt. and Adjt., Oct. 14. 1864. Mustered out 

Sept. 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HYSER, WILLIAM, Plainfield. Capt. 6Lh Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. Discharged for disability 
Oct. 22, 1863. Re-commisfeioned Capt. 6th Cav., Mar. 16, 1864. Honorably dis- 
charged Mar. 21, 1865. 

HYZER, WILLIAM W., Yp.jilantl. Entered service Oct. 14. 1861. Corp'i Batt. C, let 

Light Art., Second Lt., June 30, 1863. First Lt., Feb. 20, 1864. Capt., Deo. 

18, 1864. Mustered out June 21, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

INGALLS. CHARLES W., . Second Lt. 1st Comp'y S. S. 27ih Inf'y, Feb 27, 1864. 

<-apt. 2d Inf'y, Ap'i 1, 1864. Resigned July 7, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

INGEKSOLL, CARLOS, Lapeer. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861, as Serg't Conip'y G, 
7th Inf'y. Second Lt , Mar. 1, 1862. Honorably discharged for disability, Sept. 10, 
1862. 

INGERSOUj, RICHARD P., Dundee. Capt. 18th Inf'y, July 27, 1862. Mustered out 
June 2G, 1865, and lionoraljly discliarged. 

INGI.RSOLL, ISAAC W., Detroit. Capt. 24th Inf'y, July 26, 1862. Resigned Nov. 20, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

108 



858 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

INGERSOLL, WILLIAM H., Detroit. First Lt. 1st Cav., Oct. 1, 1863. Wounded in 
action at Cold Harbor, Va., May 30, 1864. Capt., Dec. 4, 1864. Resigned Jan. 20, 
1865, and iionorably disciiarged. 

INGERSOLL, HIRAM J., Scipio, Second Lt. 7th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862. Fiist Lt.. Feb. 
28, 1863. Mustered out Dec. 15, 1865, and iionorably disciiarged. 

INGERSOLL, WILLIAM D , Owosso. Entered service Mar. 25, 1864. Pvt. Comp'y F, 

5th Cav., . Second Lt., Oct. 28, 1864. Wounded in action at Five Forlis, Va., 

Ap'l 1, 1865. Resigned , 1865, and honorably discharged. 

INGRAHAM, DAVID P., Brooklyn. Second Lt. 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. First Lt., Dec. 
1, 1863. Capt., Sept. 15, 1864. Mustered out July 21, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

INNES. WILLIAM P., Grand Rapids. Col. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 12, 1861. Mus- 
tered out Oct. 26, 1864, and honorably discharged. Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 
13, 1865, " for gallant and efficient service during the war. " 

INNES, ROBERT S., Grand Rapids. First Lt. and Q. M. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 
12, 1861. Resigned Dec. 6, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

INSLEY, ADAM R., . First Lt. 10th Cav., July 25, 1863. Resigned Jan. 23, 1864, 

and honorably discharged. 

lOTT, JOSEPH H., Jackson. Entered service May 1st, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'v B, 1st (3 
moiitihs) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. First Lt. yth Infy, Oct. 12, 1861. Died 
at Elizabethtown, Ky., Feb. 15, 1862. 

IRONS, OLIVER H., Vassar. Entered service July 28, 1862. Q. M. Ser^'t 23d Inf'y, 
. Second Lt., Nov. 25, 1864. Mustered out June 28, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

IRWIN, PATRICK, Ann Arbor. Entered service Sept. 30, 1861, as Serg't Comp'v H, 
14Lh Inf'y. Second Lt., Aug. 10, 1864. First Lt., Feb. 10, 1865. Capt., July 5, 1865. 
Mustered out as First Lt. July 18, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

IRWIN, JOHN E., Freedom. Entered service July 29, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y B, 20th 
Inf'y. Second Lt.. May 17, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably discharged 
May 30, 18..5. 

IRWIN, CHARLES H.. Detroit. First Lt. and Q. M. 9th Inf'y, Oct. 12, 1861. Cnpt. and 
Ass t Q. M. U. S. Vol's, July 31, 1863. Mustered out Mar. 6, 1867, and honorably 
discharged. 

ISHAM, ASA B.. Detroit. Entered service, . Serg't Comp'y I, 7th Cav., . 

Firh^tLt., Mar. 22, 1864. Taken prisoner in action at Yellow Tavern, Va., May 11, 

1864. Exciianged Dec. — , 1864. Honorably discharged for disability, Ap'l 11, 1865. 

ISMON, AARON F., Lalavette. Entered service Aug. 6, 1862, as Serg't Comp'v C, 4th 
Cav. Seeoiid Lt., Mar. 31, 1863. 'Resigned Dec. 16, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

ITSELL, ANDREW J , Marion. Capt. 10th Cav., July 25, 1863. Resigned Oct. 6, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

IVES, STEWART, Big Rapids. First Lt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861 Capt., July 12, 1862. 
Resigned Nov. 10, 1864. and honorably discharged. Bvt.'Maj. and Lt. Col. "U. S. Vol's, 
Mar. 13, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious service." 

IVES, LUCIUS H., Unadilla. Second Lt. 20th Infy, Sept. 1, 1862. First Lt., Feb. 7, 
1^63 Ca[)t., Ap'l 26, 1864. Maj., Mar. 7, 1865. Mustered out as Capt., June 4, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

JACKLIN, RUFUS W., Detroit. Entered service Feb. 1, 1862, as Seig't 1st Comp'y S. S. 
KJtli Inf'y. Second Lt., May 18. 1862. First Lt. and Adjt. lOih Inf'y, Nov. 1. 1862. 
Tak<'n prihiner al Spottsylvaiiia, Va., May 8, 1864. Recaptured at Ream's Station, 
Va., May 9, 1«64. ( ai.t., June 22, 1864. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vols, Mar. 13, 1865, " for 
gallant and meritorious service." Maj., May 8, 1865. Mustered out July 8, 1865, 
and honorably diseharged. 

JACKS, JOHN, Edwanlsburg. Second Lt. 6th Inf'y, Aug. 19, 1861. First Lt., Sept. 1, 
1662. Honorably discharged Oct. 27, 1863. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 86» 

JACKSON, CYRUS F., Owosso. Second Lt. Hth Infy. Nov. 18. ISfil. First Lt. July 

4. 1862. Rfslgued Aha,'. 2, 18G4, and honorably discharged, to accept promotion aa 
Maj. 15th U. S. Col'd Troops. 

JACKSON, THOMAS C, Ira. Second Lt. 2-2d Infy. July 31, 1862. ReslRned Nov. 17 
1862. and honorably discharged. ' 

JACKSON, ALBERT T., Marquette. Entered service Aug. 8, 1861. as Corp'j Conip'v B 

1st Cav. First Lt., Nov. 12, 1862. Cupt., Oft. 25, 1864. Not niu»t.'r.-d a» Cnpt! 
Died Nov. 12, 1864, of wounds received in action at Wlnciu'Hter, Va.. Si-pt. 1'.', Ihi^l 

JACKSON, WILLIAM, East Saij:inaw. Entered service Ap'l 18, 1863. Sonr't MnJ 7ll» 

Cav., . Second Lt., June 26, 1865. Muster.-d out as Scr^'"l .Maj. Dec. 15, lhi,5, 

and honorably discharged. 

JACOKES, DANIEL C, Pontiac. Chap. 5th Infy, Sept. 10, 1861. Resigned July 6, 

1862, and honorably <lischarged. 

JANNEY, ELLWOOD, Bedford. Entered service Aug. 11, 1862. Serg't Comp'y K, IKth 

Infy, . Second Lt., Mar. 1, 1864. Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honunnly 

discharged. 

JARDINE, GEORGE, Sa-inaw. Capt. 3d Comp'y S. S. 16th Infy, May 1, 1864. Hon- 
orably discharged Ap'l 4, 1865. 

JASNOWSKI, SATURNIN, Detroit. Entered service Nov. 4, 1862. as Sorg't Comp'v E. 
27th Infy. Second Lt., Nov. 17, 1864. Wouiuliul in acti'.n near r«'ti'rbliuig. Vii.. 
June 18, 1864. Bvt. First Li. U. S. Vol's, Ap'l 2, 18(i5, " forgaliantcon.luet at l-nrt M-t- 
hone." FirstLt , May 15, 1865. Mustered out July 26, 1865, and honorably dist-harKed. 

JAQUITH, AUSTIN E., Trenton. Capt. 15tli Infy, Jan. 1, 1862. Lt. Col., Sept. 20. 

1863. Resigned June 15, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

JAQUITH, MARK, Mongu;igon. Capt. 9th Cav., Nov, 3, 1862. Resigned Juno 10, 1864. 
and honorably discharged. 

JEFFERDS. ROBERT B., Lansing. First Lt. 3d Infy. May 10, 1861. Capt., Aug. 1, 
1861 R( signed June 9, 186'J, and honorably discharged. 

JEFFERDS, HARRISON H., Dexter. First Lt. 4th Infy, Mav 16, 1801. Capt., May 1, 
J 86-2. Col., Nov. 26, 1862. Killed in action at Gettysburg. Pa., July 2, 1863. 

JEFFERS, AARON, Kalamazoo. Entered service Aug. 6, 1862. Sorg't Comp'y F. I'.'th 
Infy, . First Lt., Nov. 11, 1664. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged June 10, 1865. 

JEFFRIES, JAMES J., Lansing. Capt. 14th Infy, Nov. 18, 1861. Died at ChatUuuM.ga, 
Tenn., July 10, 1864. 

JENKS, GEORGE W. Lexington. Second Lt. 10th Infy, Oct. 1, 1861. First Lt., July 

5, 1862. Resigned Feb. 4, 1863, and honorably dii:.charged. 

JENKINS, HIRAM, East Saginaw. Entered service Aug. 2S. 1861. ns Seru't C.>nip'y A. 
2d Cav. Second Lt., D.'c. 26, 1864. First Lt., July ;tl, lht;5. Not muoU-iod as lUi 
officer. Mustered out Aug. 17, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

JENNEY, WILLIAM, Jr., Mt. Clemens. Capt. 9th Infy, Oct. 12, 1861. Maj.. F.b. 6. 
1863. Mustered out Sept. 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

JENNY, CHARLES L., Utica. Entered service Sept. 17, 18f4. as Sorg't Comp'y 11. 4th 
Infy. Second Lt., Oct. 24, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dlscliurg«Kl 
May 26, 1866. 

JENNIE, LANSING K., Grand Rapids. Battalion Adjt. 3d Cftv., Sept 7, 1801. Roalgii.-*! 

F<'b. 26, 1862, and honoiably discharged. 

JENNINGS, EDWARD P., . Ass't Surg. Ist Mich., or 102d U. 8. Col'd Trw.pft, Oct. 

16, 1863. Resigned Oct. 27, 1864. and honorably discharged. 

JENNINGS CHARLES C, Washington. Entered bervico Aug. 11. 1862. Borg't CompV 

B, 22d Inf y, . Second Lt., Feb. 21. 1863. First Lt., Juno 11. 1864. Mu»l«n»d 

out June 26,' 1865, and honorably discharged. 



860 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

JENNINGS, THOMAS H., Battle Creek. First Lt. 11th Cav., Au^. 1, 1863. Capt., Oct, 
i. 1864. Mustered out Aug. 10, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

JERSEY, NATHAN R., Romeo. Entered service Aug. 19, 1861, as Serg't Corap'y A, 9th 
Infv. Second Lt., Mar. 25, 1862. Wounded and taken prisoner in action at Mur- 
Ireesboro, Tenn., July 13, 1862. Exchanged Dec. 3, 1S62. First Lt., Oct. 13, 1862. 
Resigned Aug. 5, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

JEWELL, ALBERT G., Sunficld. Entered service Ap'l 20, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y I, 
15th Ohio (3 months) Infy. Mustered out Aug. 28, 1861. Rei^ntered service Sept. 

12, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y B, 1st Eng's andMech's. Second Lt., May 28,1863. 
First Lt., Jan. 1, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

JEWELL, CHARLES A., Tecumseh. Entered service Aug. 15, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
I, 18th Infy. Second Lt.. Dec. 31, 1863. First Lt„ Mar. 27, 1865. Mustered 
out June 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

JEWELL, DAVID A., Ionia. Entered service Sept. 14, 1861. Serg't Comp'y E, Ist 

Eng's and Mech's, . Second Lt. Mar. 11, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 26, 1864, and 

honorably discharged. '' 

JEWELL, J. DELOS, Vernon. Entered service Nov. 4, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 10th 

Infy, . First Lt. and Adjt., July 9, 1864. Capt., Feb. 24, 1865. Mustered out 

July 19, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

JEWELL, WILLIAM H., Assyria. Entered service Sept. 1, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y K, 
6tli Cav. First Lt. and Q. M., Dec. 11, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 7, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

JEWETT, EDWARD S., Niles. First Lt. 1st Mich or 102d U. S. Col'd Infy, Nov. 9, 
1863. Capt., Aug, 29, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865, and honorably discharged, 

JEWETT, GEORGE D., Grand Rapids. First Lt. 13th Batt. Light Art., Mar. 3, 1864. 
Mustered out July 1, 1865, and honorably discharged, 

JEWETT, HENRY, Grand Rapi.ls. Batt. Q. M. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. Resigned Mar. 
21, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

JEWETT, WALLACE, East Saginaw. Entered Mar. 1, 1862, as S-n-g't Comp'y K, 16th 
Iiifv. Second Lt., July 29, 1862. First Lt., Feb. 1, 1863. Killed in action at Get- 
tysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863. 

JILLSON, LEONARD K, Benton, Entered service Sept. 3, 1861, as Serg't Comp'v B, 
12ai Infy. Second Lt., Jan. 20, 1865. Mustered out Feb. 15, 1866, and honorably 
discharged. 

JOHNSON, CHARLES H., Monroe. Entered service Dec. 8, 1862, Com. Serg't 15th 
Infy, , Second Lt., Aug. 6, 1864. First Lt., Nov. 1, 1864. Mustered out Aug, 

13, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

JOHNSON, COLONEL D., Grand Rapids, Ass't Surg. 3d Cav,, Ap'l 4, 1865, Resigned 
Jan. 15, 1866, and honorably discharged, 

JOHNSON, FRANKLIN, Jackson. Capt, 26th Infy, Sept. 1, 1862, Wounded in action 
at SpoUsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864. Lt. Col., 1st S. S., Nov. 10, 1864. Not mus- 
tered as Lt. Col. on account of disability. HoncM-ablv discharged as Capt. 26th Infv, 
Nov 30, 1864, Bvt. Lt. Col, U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious 
service at the battles of the Wilderness and Spottsylvania, Va," 

JOHNSON, GEORGE K., Grand Rapids. Surg. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861, Resigned Fob. 
25, 1863. Lt. Col. and Med. Insp'r U, S. A., Fob. 9, 1863. Byt. Col., Sept. 3(1, l«(i5, 
" for faithful and meritorious service during the war." Resigned Oct. 1, 1865, and 
honorably discharged, 

JOHNSON, GILBERT D., Lawton. Capt. 12th Infy, Oct. 10, 1861. Resigned Oct. 8, 
1862, and honorably discharged on account of wounds received at Pittsburg Laiiduig, 
Ap'l 6, 1862. 

JOHNSON, HENRY, Jackson. Ass't Surg. 6th Cav,, Mar. 10, 1864, Mustered out Nov. 
7, 1865, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 861 

JOHNSON, HENET L., Portland. Entered service July 28, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y F, 
23d Inf'y. Second Lt., Mar. 4, 1865. Mustered out June 28, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

JOHNSON, JAMES B., Eoyal Oak. Entered service Aug. 23, 1861. Q. M. Serg't 

3d Cav., . First Lt., Ap'l 1, 1862. Com., Sept. 15, 1862. Resigned Dec. 29, 

1862, and honorably discharged, Cap't 8th Cav., to rank from Nov. 18, 1862. Not 
mustered. 

JOHNSON, JAMES E., Alpine. Entered service Sept. 6, 1862. Serg't Comp'y B, 6th 

Cav., . Second Lt., Dec. 10, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 24, 1865, and honorably 

discliarged. 

JOHNSON, JOHN H., Adrian. Entered service Aug. 4, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y K, 11th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Jan. 1, 1863. Resigned Dec. 4, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

JOHNSON, LAFAYETTE L., Grand Rapids. First Lt. 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. Capt., 
Nov. 30, 1863. Mustered oui July 21, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

JOHNSON, MINER A., Utica. Entered service Aug. 27, 1861, as Serg't Comp' H, 2d 
Cav. Second Lt., Oct. 1, 1862. Resigned Nov. 19, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

JOHNSON, WILLIAM T., Detroit. Second Lt. 5th Inf'y, June 19, 1861. First Lt., 
Ap'l 3, 1862. Killed in action June 30, 1862. 

JOHNSTON, ROBERT D., Detroit. Entered sei-vice May 25, 1861. Serg't Maj. 2d 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., May 7, lb62. First Lt. and Adjt., Aug. 1, 1862. Capt., 

Nov. 25, 1862. Wounded in action July 10, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 6, 1864, and 
honorably discharged. 

JOHNSTON, THOMAS W., Marshall. Second Lt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. Capt., Aug. 
1, 1862. Wounded in action at Dandridge, Tenn., Dec. 24, 1863. Maj., Dec. 22, 
1864. Col., Dec. 31, 1864. Not mustered. Lt. Col., Mar. 6, 1865. Mustered out 
Aug. 29, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

JONES, ABRAHAM, Byron. Entered service Sept. 15, 1861. Serg't Comp'y I, 2d Cav., 

. Second Lt, July 3, 18C5. First Lt., July 31, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. 

Mustered out Aug. 17, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

JONES, DANIEL, Kalamazoo. Second Lt. 13th Inf'y. Oct. 3, 1861. Capt., June 16, 
1862. Mustered out Jan 16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

JONES, FRANCIS M„ Hillsdale. Entered service Mar. 8, 1863. Serg't Comp'y F, 9th 
Cav., . Second Lt., Feb. 24, 1865. Not mustered as an ofQcer. Date of dis- 
charge unknown. 

JONES, JOSEPH. Charlotte. Chap. 20th Inf'y, Aug, 30, 1862. Resigned May 17, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

JONES, JOSEPH M., St. Charles. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 2d 

Cav., . First Lt., Sept. 23, 1864. Wounded in ciction at Tuscaloosa, Ala., Ap'l 

4, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 17, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

JONES, SATMUEL L., Deerfield. Entered service Dec. 3U. 1864, as Hosp'l Stew'd 30th 
Inf'y. Ass't Surg. 11th Inf y. Mar. 1, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 16, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

JONES, SAMUEL B., Adrian. Entered service Feb. 3, 1865, as Serg't Comp'y G, 11th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Aug. 1, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 16, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

JONES, THOMAS D., Wilkesbarre, Pa. Entered service June 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
B, 4th Inf'y. Second Lt., Jan. 13, 1862. Killed in action at Gaines's Mill, Va., June 
27, 1862. 

JONES, VIRGIL M., Niles. Entered service Aug. 4, 1862. Serg't Maj. 4th Cav., . 

Second Lt., Mar. 31, 1863. Honorably discharged for disability, Aug. 27, 1864. 

JONES, WILLIAM A, Ionia. Entered service Sept. 1, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y D, 3d 
Cav. Second Lt., Nov. 7, 1864. Mustered out Feb. 12, 1866, and honorably dis- 
charged. 



€63 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

JORDAN, LEWIS H., Irving. Second Lt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. Honorably dis- 
charirod Mar. 6, 1863. 

JORDAN, WILLIAM H., Kalamazoo. Capt. 11th Cav., Au^. 1, 1863. Transferred to 8th 
Chv., upon consolidation, July 20, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably 
di,schai-a:ed. 

JORDAN, JESSE, Woodland. Entered service Aug. 12, 1862, as Ser^'t Comp'y I, 26th 
Iiify. Second Lt., Dec. 23, 1863. Wounded in action at Deep Bottom, Va., July 27, 
1864;. Honorably discharged for disability, Dec. 5, 1864. 

JOSLYN, JOHN H., Holly. Second Lt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. Resigned Feb. 10, 
1863, and honorably discharged. 

JOSS, JOHN C, Constantine. Entered service May 25, 1861. Q. M. Serg't 2d Inf'y. 

. Second Lt., Dec. 1, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 27, 1864. Wounded in action, losing 

a les, at the Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1864. Honorably discharged for disability, Sept. 
23, 1864. 

JUDD, EDWARD D., Saline. Second Lt. 1st Inf'y, Aug. 17, 1861. First Lt., May 26, 
1862. Adjt., July 1, 1862. Capt., Aug. 30, 1862. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, and 
honorably discharged. 

JUDD, SAMUEL A., Grand Rapids. Capt. 3d Inf'y, May 13, 1861. Killed hi action at 
Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, 1862. 

JUDD, GEORGE E., Grand Rapids. Entered service June 10, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y A, 
3d Inf'y. Second Lt., Aug. 1, 1861. First Lt., Oct. 28, 1861. Wounded in action at 
Fair Oaks, Va., May 31. 1862 losing an arm. Capt., June 23, 1862. Transferred to 
Vet. Reserve Corps, Jan. 24, 1864. Second Lt. 45th U. S. Inf'y, Aug. 19, 1868. 
Mustered out as Capt. Vet. Reserve Corps, Aug. 27, 1868. Transferred to 14th 
Inf'y, Aug. 14, 1869. Unassigned, Sept. 27, 1869. Retired with rank of Capt., May 
28, 1870, "for loss of left arm from wound received in line of duty." 

JUDD, ETHEL, North Adams. Capt. 10th Inf'y, Oct. 1, 1861. Resigned July 5, 1862, 
and honorabh' discharged. 

JUDSON, ROBERT F., Kalamazoo. Capt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. Honorably dis- 
charged for disability, Oct. 7, 1864. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gal- 
lant and meritorious seivice during the war." 

JUST, WILLIAM J., Ionia. Entered service Sept. 21, 1864. Serg't Maj. 3d Inf'y, . 

Second Lt. Jan. 1, 1865. Resigned July 7, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

JUSTIN, WILLIAM, St. Clair. Entered service Nov. 21, 1861, as Pvt. Batt. H, 1st Light 
Art. Second Lt., Aug. 8, 1863. First Lt., Ap'l 25, 1864. Mustered out Jan. 1, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

KANE. H. M., . Second Lt. Comp'y I, Merrill Horse, Sept. 6, 1861. Resigned Nov. 

5, 1-61 and honorably diiicharf,^ed. 

KANE, ANSEL J., Richland. First Lt. 30th Inf'y, Nov. 28, 1864. Mustered out June 23, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

K.ANOUSE, LUTHER C, Cohoctah. Entered service Sept. 4, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y D, 
6lh Cav. First Lt., July 1, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 24, 1865, and honoiably dis- 
chaiged. 

KARP, PETER, Detroit. Entered service Aug. 13, 1861. Serg't Maj. 1st Cav., . 

Second Lt., Nov. 1, 1862. Honorably discharged Ap'l 26, 1864. 

KAPdiER, BENJAMIN, Detroit. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y K, 1st 
Cav. First Lt. 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. Resigned Jan. 17, 1864, for disability, and 
honorably discharged. 

KAST, GUSTAV, Detroit. Second Lt. 2d Infv, Ap'l 25, 1861. Resiffuod Sept. 22, 1861. 
Capt. 16th Inf'y, Feb. 1, 1862. Resigned July 29, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

KATH, THEODORE, Ray. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862. Serg't Comi)'y G, 22d Inf'y, 

. Second Lt., Sept. 25, 1863. Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honorably dis- 

chaiged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 863 

KAUFFMAN, PETEE, Charlotte. Second Lt. 20th Inf'y, July 29, 1862. Resigned Mar. 
5, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

KEASY, SAMUEL H., Constantine. Entered service Aug. 11, 1862. Serg't Comp'y D, 

lOth Inf'y, • First Lt., June 15, 1865. Not mubtered as an officer. Honorably 

discliarged June 10, 1865. 

KEATING, BENJAMIN F., Saginaw. Entered service July 15. 1861. Serg't Corap'v F, 
1st Inf'y, . Second Lt., Oct. 1, 1864. First Lt., Nov, 1, 1864. Honorably dis- 
charged for disability, Feb. 23, 1865. 

KEDZIE, ROBERT C, Lansing. Ass't Surg. 12th Inf'y, Jan. 15, 1862. Surg,, Ap'l 25, 

1862. Resigned Oct, 8, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

KEEGAN, PATRICK H., Deerfipld. First Lt. 11th Inf'v, Aug. 24, 1861, Capt, Jan. 1, 

1863. Maj., Nov. 25, 1863. Musten-d out as Capt., Sept. 30, 1864. Lt. Col., Mar. 
1, 18G5. Col., Mar. 16, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 16, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged, 

KEEGAN, GEORGE, Adrian. First Lt, 11th Inf'y, Mar, 1, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 16, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

KEELER, DEXTER D., East Saginaw. Entered service Aug, 6, 1862, Serff't Maj. 23d 
Ini'y, . Second Lt., June 25, 1863. First Lt., Oct. 6., 1864. Capt., Dec. 29, 

1864, Mustered out June 28, 1865, and honorably discharged, 

KEELER, JOHN R., Burr Oak, First Lt. 11th Inf'y, Aug. 24, 1861. Resigned Dec. 13, 
1862, and honorably discliarged. 

KEELER, FRANK D., East Saginaw. Entered service Aug. 1, 1861. Serg't Comp'y D, 

16th lot'y, . Second Lt., Ap'l 26, 1863. Mustered out Sept, 10, 1865, and hon- 

orably discharged, 

KEELER, ALONZO M,, Shelby, Capt, 22d Inf'y, July 31, 1862. Taken prisoner at 
Chiclmniauga, Ga., Sept. 20, 1863. Paroled Mar. 1, 1865. Maj., Oct. 14, 1864. 
Bvt. Lt. Col. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious service during 
the war." Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honorably discharged, 

KEENE, WILLIAM, Lapeer. Entered service Nov, 14, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 10th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., May 8, 1865, First Lt,, May 20, 1865. Mustered out July 

19, 18G5, and honorably discharged. 

KEENEY, WILLIAM H. H., Alton. Entered service Aug. 27, 1861. Serg't Comp'v I, 

1st Inf'y, . First Lt., Nov. 1, 1864 Capt., July 15, 1865. Mustered outas First 

Lt., July 9, 1865, and honorably discharged, 

KEITH, WILLIAM, Detroit. Second Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. First Lt., Dec. 1, 
1862. Honorably discharged foi disability, Mar. 4, 1864. Bvt. Capt. U, S. Vol's, 
Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service during the war." 

KELLOGG, JAMES C, Jonesville. Entered service . Serg't, . First Lt. 15th 

Inf'y, June 6, 1865, Mustered out Aug. 13, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

KELLOGG, DANIEL, Ypsilanti, Capt. 3d Cav„ Sept. 7, 1861. Honorably discharged 
June 21, 1862. 

KELLOGG, JAMES W., Grand Rapids. Supernumerary Second Lt. 6th Cav,, Oct. 13, 
1862. Second Lt., Mar. 16, 1863. First Lt., May 1, 1863. Capt., May 23, 1865. 
Mustered out May 24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

KELLY, CHARLES A., Brighton. Entered service Aug, 15, 1661. Serg't Maj. 9th Inf'y, 
. Second Lt., Feb. 15, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 15, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

KELLY, HARRISON, Sturgis. Entered service Mar. 2, 1865. Serg't Maj. 11th Inf'y. 
, Second Lt., Aug. 1, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 16, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

KELLY, JAMES H., Exeter. Entered seivice Aug. 8, 1862, as Sere't Comp'y K, 18th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Nov. 24, 1862. First Lt., Nov. 6, 1863. Taken prisoner in action 
at Athens, Ala., Sept. 24, 1864. Exchanged Nov. 14, 1864. Mustered out June 26, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 



864 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 

KELLY, JAMES S., Disco. Entered service Aug. 7, 1SR2, as Serfj't Comp'y B, 22d Infy. 
Second Lt., Dec. 31, 1862. Kesigned Feb. 21, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

KELLY, JOHN, St. Johns. Capt. 14th Infy, Nov. 18, 1861. Resigned June 4, 1863, and 
honorably discharged. 

KELLY, PATRICK, Grand Rapids. Entered service Sept. 23, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 0, 

14th Infy, . Second Lt., Mar. 25, 1863. First Lt., Aug. 8, 1863. Capt., Mar. 

14, 1865. Mustered out as First Lt., Ap'l 11, 18C5, and honorably discharged. 

KELSEY, NEWELL J,, West Leroy. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861. Serg't Comp'y H, 
Merrill Horse, . First Lt. Comp'y I, Nov. 17, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 19, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

KELTNER, DION B., Niles. Entered service Oct. 7, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y K, 12th 
Infy. Second Lt., June 12, 1865. Mustered out Feb. 15, 1866, and honorably dis- 
discharged. 

KEMP, JOSEPH B., Sault Ste. Marie. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 

F, 5th Infy, . First Lt., June 10, 1864. Capt., May 8, 1865. Bvt. Capt. U. S. 

Vol's, Ap'l 9, 1865, "for irallant and meritorious service during the recent compaigns 
terminatini,' with the surrender of the insurgent army under Gen. R. E. Lee." Mus- 
tered out July 5, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

KEMPSTER, CHARLES, Grand Rapids. Entered service Aug. 16, 1864. Serg't Maj. 

3d Infy, . Second Lt., Jan. 8, 1865. First Lt., Nov. 28, 1865. Mustered out 

May 25, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

KENDALL, OSCAR, Port Huron. Entered service Aug. 4, 1862. Serg't Comp'y C, 22d 

Infy, . Second Lt., Ap'l 19, 1864. Mustered out June 26, 18(35, and honorably 

discharged 

KENDALL, DAVID G., Kalamazoo. Second Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. Resigned 
Mar. 18, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

KENDALL, CHARLES F., Kalamazoo. Entered service Aug. 12, 1862, as Com. Serg't 
Comp'y H, 4th Cav. Discharged Dec. 10, 1863. First Lt. and Com. 11th Cav., to 
rank from Sept. 28, 1863. Ti-ansferred to 8th Cav. upon consolidation, July 20, 1865. 
Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

KENNEDY, J. BENTON, Jackson. Entered service Mav 1, 1861, as Corp'l Comp'y B, 
1st (3 months) Infy. T.Iustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Second Lt. 1st Infy, Aug. 17, 
1861. First Lt., Jan. 16, IHC,.). Capt., July 14, 1862. Died of wounds received in 
action at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, 1862. 

KENNEDY, RICHARD D., Niles. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861. Serg't Comp'y K, 6th 

Inl'y. . Wounded in action at Port Hudson, La., May 27, 1863. First Lt., July 

19, 1864. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably discharged Aug. 23, 1864. 

KENNEDY, JAMES, St. Clair. Entered service Aug. 4, 1862. as Serg't Compy E, 22d 
Infy. Second Lt., Mar. 7, 1865. Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

KENNEDY, FRED. A., Hanover. First Lt. 1st S. S., Jan. 12, 1863. Not mustered. 

KENNEDY, JOEL, Allegan. Chap. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. Resigned May 28, 1862, and 
honorably discharged. 

KENNICUTT, DANIEL, Grand Rapids. Entered service June 10, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 

F, 3d Infy, . Second Lt., June 10, 1864. First Lt., Sept. 19, 1864. Capt., Dec. 

21, 1864. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Ap'l 9, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service, 
terminating with the surrender of the insurgent army under Gen. R. E. Lee." Mus- 
tered out July 5, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

KENT, ALFRED, Lenawee. Entered service Sept. 5, 1861. Serg't Comp'y M, 3d Cav., 
. Second Lt., Nov. 14, 1864. First Lt., July 4, 1865. Mustered out Feb. 12, 

1866, and honorably discharged. 

KENT, STEPHEN M., Saginaw. Entered service Mar. 1, 1862. Serg't Comp'y K, 16th 

Infy, . Second Lt., May 8, 1865. First Lt., July 7, 1865. Mustered out && 

Second Lt. July 8, lo65, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 865 

KENYON, THOMAS C, Lansing. Entered service Nov. 12, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y M, 
Kttli Cav. Second Lt. Dec. 21, 1864. Killed in action at Martinsville, Va., Ap'l 8, 
1865, before nauster as Lt. 

KENYON, JOHN E., Bridgewater. Entered service Sept. 5, 1864. Com. Serg't 28th 

Infy, . Second Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. First Lt., Jiuie 14, 1865. Died Feb. 2, 1866, 

of wounds received Jan. 27, 1866, wliile engaged in arresting murderers in Pitt 
County, N. C. 

KENYON, DEWITT C, Ganges. Entered service Oct. 8, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y B, 13th 
Infy. First Lt., Jan. 31, 1863. Capt., .viar. 19, 1864. Mustered out July 25, 1865, 
and lionorably discharged. 

KERRY, THOMAS, Manistee. Second Lt. 3d Infy, July 29, 1864. First Lt., Jan. 1, 
1865. Capt., Nov. 28, 1865. Mustered out as First Lt., May 25, 1866, and honorably 
discharged. 

KESLER, THEODORE P., Bronson. Second Lt. 11th Infy, Aug. 24, 1861. Resigned 
Feb. 12, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

KEYES, ORLANDO, Climax. Entered service as Pvt., . Chap. 12th Infy, Aug. 16, 

1864. Resigned Sept. 18, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

KEYES, HORACE H., Grand Rapids. Entered service Oct. 11, 1861. Serg't Comp'y P, 

1st Eng's and Mech's, . Second Lt., Nov. 3, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, 

and honorably discharged. 

KEYSER, SYLVESTER, Niles. Entered service May 25, 1861. Serg't Comp'y E, 2d 

Infy, . First Lt., July 7, 1864. Capt., Sept. 30, 1864. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, 

Ap'l 2, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service before Petersburg, Va." Honorably 
discharged July 29, 1865. 

KIBBEE, RUFUS, Coldwater. Surg. 15th Infy, Ap'l 9, 1862. Wounded in action at 
Corinth, Miss., Oct. 3, 1862. Resigned Oct. 3, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

KIBBE, WILLIS H., Burr Oak. Entered service Mar. 22, 1862. Serg't Comp'y B, 1st 
Infy, . First Lt., May 30, 1865. Mustej-ed out July 9, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

KIDD, JAMES H., Ionia. Capt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. Maj., May 9, 1863. Wounded 
in action at Falling Waters, Md., July 14, 1863. Col., May 19, 1864. Wounded m 
action at Winchester, Va., Sept. 19, 1864. Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, June 15, 1865, 
•'for gallant and meritorious service during the war." Mustered out Nov. 7, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

KIDDER, GEORGE F., Kalamazoo. First Lt. and Q. M. 13th Infy, Oct. 21, 1861. Re- 
signed Aug. 17, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

KIDDER, ADDISON N., Hudson. First Lt. Bait. I, 1st Light Art., Aug. 14, 1862. 
Capt. Batt. L, Jan. 21, 1864. Resigned for disabiuty. Mar. 4, 1864, and honorably 
discharged. 

KILBORN, CURTIS W., Kalamazoo. First Lt. and Adjt. 6th Infy, Aug. 19, 1861. Re- 
signed July 20, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

KILBURN. GEORGE H., Lapeer. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861, as Snrg't Comp'y P. 
1st Cav. Second Lt. Nov. 12, 1S62. First Lt., Aug. 1, 1864. Capt., Mar. 7, 1865. 
Mustered out Mar. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

KILETZ, GEORGE F., Lexington. Entered service Nov. 15, 1862, as Pvt. Comp'y E, 
i6th Infy. First Lt., Jan. 2U, 1864. Bvt. Capt. U. S. Vol's, July 6, 1864, "for gal- 
lant and distinguished service at the battle of the Wilderness, Va., and duiing the 
present campaign against Richmond, Va." Capt., July 16, 1864. Honorably dis- 
charged for disability, Mar. 14, 1865. 

KILMER, PETER B., Napoleon. First Lt. 28th Infy, Aug. 15, 1864. Mustered out June 
5, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

KIMBALL, ERASTUS S., Saginaw. Entered service Aug. 26, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 

2d Cav., . Second Lt., July 31, 1865. Not mustered as an officei-. Honorably 

discharged Aug. 17, 1865. 

1U9 



866 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

KIMBALL, ALVIN P., Rome. Entered service Aus?. 30, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y E, 3d 
Cav. Second Lt., Nov. 10, 1864. Honorably discharged June 6, 18G5. 

KIMBALL, ALLYN W., Ionia. First Lt. 21st Inf'y, July 30, 1862. Resigned Dec. 17, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

KISJBALL, ALBERT H., Grand Rapids. First Lt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 21, 1861. 
Resigned Aug. 18, 1 862, and honorably discharged. 

KIMBERK, FRED W., Brighton. Second Lt. 5th Inf'y, June 19, 1861. Resigned May 
27, 1862. Capt. 22d Inf'y, July 31, 1862. Resigned Dec. 8, 1863, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

KIMMEL, EDWARD F., Berrien Springs. Second Lt. 25th Inf'y, Aug. 10, 1862. First 
Lt., Mar. 13, 1862. Resigned Sept. 23, 1864, and honorably discliarged. 

KIMMEL, GEORGE, Niles. Maj. 12th Inf'y, Nov. 18, 1861. Resigned Ap'l 22, 1862, 
and honorably discharged. 

KIMMEL, HENRY T,, Niles. Entered service Aug. 14, 1862, as Pvt. Corap'v F. 2oth 
Infv. Second Lt. 12th Inf'y, Feb. 18, 1863. First Lt., Mar. 15, 1864. Resigned 
July 3, 1864. Capt. 30th Inf'y, Nov. 28, 1864. Mustered out June 23, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

KIMMEL, EDGAR A., Niles. First Lt. 24th Inf'y, Sept. 27, 1864. Mustered out June 
30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

KING, CARLOS B., Otisco. Entered service Aug. 8, 1861, as Corpl. Comp'y B. 16th 
Inf'y. Capt. 3d Inf'y, July 29, 1864. Resigned July 20, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

KING, CHARLES A., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 8, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y D, 24th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Mar. 30, 1865. Mustered out June 30, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

KING, CHARLES 0., Arlington. Entered service Sept. 17, 1861. Serg't Comp'y I, 3d 
Cav, . Second Lt., Nov. 8, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged Feb. 12, 1866. 

KING, HAWKINS A., Reading. Entered service Mar. 21, 1865, as Pvt. Comp'y G, 9th 
Inf'y. Ass't Surg. Mar. 28, 1865. Resigned Aug. 5, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

KING, ROBERT B., St. Joseph. Second Lt. 12th Inf'y, Oct. 10, 1861. First Lt., Sept. 
1, 1862. Resigned Ap'l 14, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

KING, ROBERT H., Albion. Ass't Surg. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Dec. 26, 1864. Mus- 
tered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

KING, WILLIAM, Holly. Entered service Mar. 1, 1862. Serg't Batt. H, 1st Light Art., 
. Second Lt., June 10, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged July 22, 1865. 

KINGSCOTT, JOHN W., Warren. Entered service Aug. 24, 1861, as Serg't Comp'v H, 
2d Cav. First Lt., Oct. 1, 1862. Capt., June 7, 1864. Mustered out Dec. 27, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

KINGSCOTT, WM. G., Warren. Entered service Sept. 7, 1861. Serg't Comp'y H, 2d 

Cav , . First Lt., Sept. 20, 1864. Transferred to 136th U. S. Col'd Troops, June 

22, 1865. No further record. 

KINNEY, BENJAMIN, . Entered service June 18, 1862. Serg't Batt. H, 1st Light 

Art., . First Lt., Ap'l 25, 1864. Capt., Dec. 27, 1864. Mustered out July 22, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

KIPP, JAMES RILEY, Kipp's Corners. Entered service Oct. 22, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 

C, 10th Inf'y, . Wounded in action Aug. 7, 1864, and again Sept. 1, 1864. 

Second Lt., May 20. 1865. Mustered out July 19, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

KIRBY, RESTCOME R., Monroe. Capt. 11th Cav., Aug. 1, 1863. Resigned Jan. 10, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 867 

KIEBY, JOHN, Allegan. Entered service Dec. 10, 1861. Com. Serg't. 13th Infy, . 

Second Lt., Ap'l 25, 18G5. First Lt., July 5, 1865. Mustered out as Second Lt., July 
25, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

KIRK, JOSEPH, Ann Arbor. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y E, 1st (3 
months) Inf'v. Mu.'-tered out Aug. 7, 1861. Eet^ntered service Sept. 30, 1861, as 
Seig't Comp'y H, 14th Infy. First Lt , Nov. 21, 1862. Died Aug. 8, 1864, of wounds 
received at Athens, Ga,, Aug. 7, Ib&i. 

KIRKLAND, ABEAM S., Coldwatcr. Entered service July 17, 1861. Serg't Comp'y E, 

1st Inl'y, . Second Lt., May 30, 1865. First Lt., July 15, 1865. Not mustered 

as an oificer. Mustered out to date July 9, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

KIRKWOOD, ALEXANDER, Dowagiac. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862. Serg't Comp'y 
A, 19th Infy, . First Lt., xNfov. 11, 1864. Mustered out June 10, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

KNAGGS, ROBERT C, Monroe. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861. Serg't Maj., 7th 

Inf'v, . Second Lt., Jan. 1, 1862. First Lt., Sept. 1, 1862. Talcen prisoner at 

Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863. Released Mar. 7, 1864. Bvt. Capt. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 
13, 1865, " for gallant service during the war." Mustered out July 5, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

KNEELAND, SAMUEL M., Tecumseh. Entered service Aug. 6, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
I. 18th Infy. Second Lt., Dec. 13, 1862. First Lt., Dec. 31, 1863. Mustered out 
June 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

KNICKERBOCKER, GEO. A., Hillsdale. Capt. 4th Infy, July 26, 1864. Resigned Jan. 
31, 1865, and hunorably discharged. 

KNIGHT, CYRENUS B., Newton. Second Lt. 1st S. S., Mar. 31, 1863. Wounded in 
action at Petersburg, Va., June 8, 1864. First Lt., Aug. 1, 1864. Honorably dis- 
cliarged for disability, Oct. 3, 1864. 

KNIGHT, EDWIN, Eaton Rapids. Entered service Aug. 12, 1861, as Bugler N. Y. Lin- 
coin Cav. Second Lfc. 7th Cav., June 6, 1863. Honorably discharged Oct. 23, 1864. 

KNIGHT, GEO. C, Battle Creek. First Lt. 1st S. S., Mar. 20, 1863. Capt., June 12, 

1864. Killed in action at Petersburg, Va,, June 17, 1864. 

KNIGHT, HORACE V., Battle Creek. Entered service July 23, 1862. Serg't Maj. 20th 

Infy, . Second Lt., Feb. 24, 1863. Taken prisoner at Horse Shoe Bend, Ky., 

May 9, 1863. Paroled, Mar. 1, 1865. Capt., Feb. 14. 1865, Mustered out May 30, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

KNIGHT, JAMES A., Greenville. Second Lt. 21st Infy, July 30, 1862. Resigned Feb. 

13, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

KNIGHT, JACOB M., XJrbana. Entered service Aug. 8, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y I, 17th 
Infy. Second Lt., Sept, 14, 1863, Honorably discharged Jan, 3, 1865. 

KNOBLOCK, JOHN, Detroit. Entered service July 15, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y P, Ist 
Infy. First Lt. , Nov, 1, 1864. Mustered out July 9, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

KNOWLES, WESTON O., Ingham. Entered service Dec. 29, 1862, Serg't Comp'y D. 

27th Infy, . Second Lt., Nov. 1, 1864. First Lt., Mar. 21, 1865. Mustered out 

July 26, 1865, and honorably discharged, 

KNOX, WALTER, Clarkston, Entered service Aug. 28, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y F, 5th 
Infy. Second Lt., Sept, 17, 1862. First Lt., Ap'l 27, 1863. Mustered out Oct. 19, 
1864, and honorably discharged. 

KNOX, JOHN J., Clarkston. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y D, 5th 
Infy. Second Lt., June 19, 1861. First Lt., Oct. 11, 1861. Wounded in action at 
Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, 1862. Adjt., Sept. 17, 1862. Capt., Jan. 25, 1863. Re- 
signed June 23, 1863. Capt. Vet. Reserve Corps, . Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 

13, 1^65, "for gallant and meritorious service during the war." Mustered out Jan, 1, 
1868, and honorably discharged. 



868 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

KNOX, JOHN, Marathon. Entered service Nov. 23, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y H, 10th 
Inf y. Second Lt., Mar. 31, 1863. Fiist Lt., Jan. 12, 1864. Killed in action at Jones- 
boro, Ga., Sept. 1, 1864. 

KOON, CHAUNCY E., Allen. Entered service Aug. 24, 1861, as Serg't Corap'v B, 11th 
Infy. Second Lt., Nov. 26, 1862. Firbt Lt., Jan. 7, 1863. Capt., June 17, 1864. 
Mustered out Sept 30, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

KRAMER, JOHN, Holland. Entered service Aug. 14, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y I, 25th 
luf'y. Second Lt., Feb. 17, 1863. First Lt., June 17, 1863. Mustered out June 24, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

KTDD, WILLIAM, Detroit. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y A. 1st (3 
months) Infy, Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Re-entered service Auu". 12, 1861. 

Serg't Maj. 16th Infy, . Second Lt., Nov. 3, 1862. First Lt., Nov. 3, 1862. 

Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

KYTE, MARSHALL, Owosso. Entered service Dec. 26, 1861. Serg't Comp'y K, 14th 

Infy, . Fu:st Lt., Mar. 14, 1865. Mustered out July 18, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

LABADIE, LEWIS A., Sturgis. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862. Serg't Comp'y E, 19th 

Infy, . First Lt., Nov. 11, 1864. Mustered out June 10, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

LACEY, JOHN M., Charlotte. Second Lt. 6th Infy, Sept. 10, 1862. Resigned July 8, 
1864, for disability, and honorably discharged. 

LACEY, MARTIN L., Lacevville, Penn. Entered service Sept. 20, 1861. Serg't Maj. 3d 

Cav., . Second Lt., Nov. 1, 1862. First Lt., Oct. 1, 1863. Capt., Nov. 10, 1864. 

Resigned as First Lt., Jan. 17, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LACKEY, CHARLES R., Trave'rse City. Entered service Aug. 15, 1862. Serg't Maj. 

26th Infy, . First Lt., Dec. 19, 1864. Capt., June 9, 1865. Mustered out as 

First Lt. June 4, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LACKEY, THOMAS, Detroit. Entered service Aug. 29, 1861. Serg't Comp'y E, 16th 
Infy, . Second Lt., July 7, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged July 8, 1865. 

LADD, FREDERICK S., Adrian. Entered service Sept. 9, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y E, 6th 
U. S. Cav. Second Lt. 9th Mich, Cav., Ap'l 8, 1863. First Lt., Nov. 5, 1863. Capt., 
Feb. 5, 1864. Killed in action at Sister's Ferry, or Cypress Swamp, Ga., Deo. 7, 1864. 

LADD, AMOS M., Ann Arbor. Entered service Sept. 3, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y K, 1st 
Infy. Second Lt., Sept. 17, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 28, 1863. Killed in action" at Get- 
tysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863. 

LADUE, WILLIAM N., Detroit. First Lt. and Adjt. 5th Infy, June 19, 1861. Resigned 
Sept. 15, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

LAFFIN, MICHAEL, St. Johns. Entered service July 19, 1862. Serg't Comp'y A, 23d 

Infy, . Second Lt., Nov. 12, 1864. Wounded in action at Franklin, Tenn., Nov. 

30, 1864. Mustered out June 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LA FORGE, ANDREW, Grosse Point. Entered service Nov. 1, 1861. Serg't Maj. 15th 

Infy, . First Lt. and Adjt., Sept. 18, 1864. Capt,, June 6, 1865, Mustered out 

Aug, 13, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LAINBERG, CARL A., Detroit. First Lt. Batt. C, 1st Light Art., Dec. 6, 1861. Re- 
signed Mar. 23, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

LAING, CUTHBERT W., Detroit. Second Lt. Batt. B, 1st Light Art., Oct. 1, 1861. 
First Lt., May 1, 1862. Mustered out Ap'l 3, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

LAIRD, GEORGE H., Colon. Second Lt. 7th Infy, Jan. 19, 1861. Resigned Ap'l 8, 
1862. First Lt. 17th Infy, June 7, 1862. Capt., Fob. 1, 1863. Discharged July 19, 
1864, to accept promotion in U. S. Col'd Troops. No further record. 

LAIRD, JAMES S., Hudson. Entered servic6 Aug. 24, 1862. Serg't Comp'y G, 16th 

Infy, . Second Lt., Sept. 14, 1864. First Lt., to rank from Dec. 16, 1863. 

Capt., May 7, 1865. Mustered out July 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 869 

liAKE, HENRY F., Marion. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862. Serg't Comp'y H, 22d Inf'y, 

. Second Lt., Ap'l 1, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably discharged 

June 9, 1865. 

LALONDE, FRANCIS, Detroit. Entered service Nov. 26, 1862. Serg't Comp'y H, 9th 
Cav., . Second Lt., Feb. 24, 1865. Not mustered as an oilicer. Honorably dis- 
charged July 12, 1865. 

LAMB, REUBEN P., Prairieville. Entered service Jan. 7, 1863, as Serg't Batt. L, 1st 
Light Art. Capt. 3d Inf'y, July 29, 1864. Resigned May 12, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

LAMB, JOHN, Monroe. Second Lt. 11th Inf'y, Mar. 1, 1865. First Lt., Aug. 1, 1865. 
Mustered out Sept. 16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LAMB, CHARLES C, Mt. Clemens. Capt. 8th Cav., Nov, 1, 1862. Discharged for dis- 
abihty June 3, 1864. First Lt. 30th Inf'y, Nov. 28, 1864. Capt., Mar. 16, 1865. 
Mustered out June 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LAMB, JOHN M , Dryden. Entered service Dec. 4, 1862. Serg't Comp'y E, 8th Cav., 
. Second Lt., Dec. 1, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

LAMBERT, HARVEY C, Lockport. Entered service Aug. 11, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
D, 25th Inf'y. Second Lt., Feb..23, 1864. First Lt., Jan. 1, 1865. Mustered out 
June 24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LAMOREAUX, ISAAC, Manlius. First Lt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 1862. Resigned Mar. 18, 
1863, and honorably discharged. 

LAMPMAN, DARRELL, Petersburg. Second Lt. 11th Inf'y, Mar. 1, 1865. Mustered 
out Sept. 16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LAMPMiN, SEWARD, S., Carmel. Entered service Oct. 24, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y G, 
11th Cav. Second Lt. 8th Cav., July 20, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mus- 
tered out Nov. 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LAMSON, ALVIN C, Detroit. Entered service June 20, 1861, as Serg't Maj. 4th Inf'y. 
Second Lt., Sept. 1, 1861. First Lt., Dec. 11, 1861. Capt., July 18, 1862. Resigned 
for disability Ap'l 14, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

LANDON, JOHN, Dayton. Entered service Aug. 6, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y G, 26th Inf'y, 
Second Lt., Jan. 9, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably discharged June 
3, 1865. 

LANDON, HENRY B., Monroe. First Lt. and Adjt. 7th Inf'y, Aug. 19, 1861. Resigned 
Oct. 23, 1862. Ass't Surg., Oct. 2, 1863. Resigned Ap'l 26, 1864, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

LANDON, GEORGE M., Monroe. Second Lt. 4th Cav,, Dec. 20, 1862, First Lt., Feb. 
18, 1863. Capt., Dec. 11, 1864. Mustered out July 1, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

LANE, GEORGE M., Detroit, Capt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Ap'l 10, 1862. Resigned 
May 11, 1863, and honorably discharged. Bvt. Maj, U, S. Vol's, Nov. 7, 1865, "for 
faithful and efficient service. " 

LANPHERE, CHARLES H,, Coldwater, Capt. Batt. G, 1st Light Art., Oct. 3, 1861. 
Resigned Sept. 1, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

LANPHERE, EDWIN 0., Coldwater. First Lt. Batt. G, 1st Light Art., Oct. 3, 1861. 
Resigned Oct. 22, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

LANPHERE, ALVIN T., Coldwater. First Lt. Batt. G, 1st Light Art., Oct, 3, 1861. 
Resigned June 20, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

LANSING, SPENCER L., Niles. Capt. 25th Inf'y, Aug. 10, 1862. Honorably discharged 
for disabiUty, Oct. 28, 1864. 

LAPHAM, HARVEY, Galesburg, Entered service Oct. 29, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 12th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Aug. 26, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 

3harged Feb. 15, 1866. 



870 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

LA POINTE, GEOEGE W., Monroe. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861. Serg't Comp'y D^ 

7th Infy, , Second Lt., Sept. 18, 1862. First Lt., May 20, 1863. Capt., Sept. 

21, 1863, Wounded in action May 13, 1864. Lt. Col., Oct. 12, 1864. Bvt. Col. U. S. 
Vol's, Ap'l 2, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious service in front of Petersburg, Va. " 
Col., Nov. 18, 1864. Mustered out as Lt. Col., July 5, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

LA POINTE, MOSES A.. Monroe. First Lt., 15th Infy, Jan. 1, 1862. Capt., Oct. 1, 
1862. Lt. Col., Jan. 21, 1865. Bvt. Col. U. S. Vol's, May 24, 1865, "for gallant and 
meritorious service during the war. " Mustered out Aug. 13, 1865, and honorably dis- 
chai-ged. 

LAKNED, SYLVESTER, Detroit. Lt. Col. 2d Inf'y, July 16, 1861. Resigned Mar. 6, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

LAERABEE, CYRUS P., Hope. First Lt. 3d Inf'y, July 29, 1864. Resigned Mar. 12, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

LARZALERE, REUBEN B., Dowaeiac. Second Lt. 19th Inf'y, July 28, 1862. Resigned 

Aug. 7, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

LATHROP, CARNETT C, Trenton. Entered service Jan. 5, 1863. Hosp'l Stew'd 9th 

Cav., . Second Lt., Feb. 18, 1864. Ass't Surg., July 15, 1864. Taken prisoner 

near FayeLleville, N. C, Mar. 10, 1865. Paroled Mar. 26, 1865. Honorably dis- 
charged May 15, 1865. 

LATIMER, MULFORD M., Jackson. Capt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. Wounded in action 
at luka, Miss., Sept. 19, 1862. Mustered out Oct. 24, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

LAUDERDALE, EDWARD, Detroit. Ass't Surg. 24th Inf'y, Mar. 30, 1865. Mustered 
out June 30, 1865, and h onorably discharged. 

LAUNIER, LOUIS L., Giand Rapids. Entered service July 8, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y H, 
1st Inf'y. Second Lt., Dec. 13, 1862. Mustered out Sept. 26, 1864, and honorably 
discharged. 

LAWLER, PATRICK H., St. Joseph. Second Lt. 6th Infy, Aug. 19, 1861. First Lt., 
Dec. 1, 1862. Wounded twice in action at Port Hudson, La., May 27, 1863. Capt., 
Aug. 12, 1864. Mustered out Aug. 20, 1S65, and honorably discharged. 

LAWTON, GEOEGE W., Antwerp. Second Lt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 1862. First Lt., Jan. 
25, 1863. Cai)t., Aug. 23, lb63. Wounded in action near Dallas, Ga., May 24, 1864. 
Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious conduct in action 
near Dallas, Ga. " Mustered out July 1, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LAWRENCE, CHARLES W., Oxford. Entered service Aug. 22, 1862, as Hosp'l Stew'd 
22d Infy. Ass't Surg., Jan. 12, 1863. Resigned May 16, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

LAWEENCE. SOLOMON E., Union City. Entered service Sept. 21, 1861. Serg't Batt. 

D, 1st Light Art., . Second Lt. Mar. 23, lb64. First Lt., Feb. 8, 1865. Ee- 

signed June 21, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LAWEENCE, EEASTUS W., Utica. Entered sei-vice Sept. 2, 1861. Com. Serg't 2d 
Cav., . Second Lt., Sejit. 19, 1862. First Lt. and Com., Sept. 19, 1862. Mus- 
tered out Sept. 19, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LAWRENCE GEORGE W., Kalamazoo. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 

F, 3d Cav., . Second Lt., .lune I'J, 1862. First Lt., Sept. 15, 1864. Capt., 

Nov. 7, 186^^. Mustered out Feb. 12, 18u6, and honorably discharged. 

LEACH, WESLEY H., Lansing. Entered service Aug. 12, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'v D, 1st 
Cav. Fir^t Lt., 4th Cav., Dec. 19, 1862. Capt., Mar. 31, 1863. Resigned Aug. 24, 
1864, and honorably discliarged. 

LEACH, MORGAN L., Duplain. Ass't Surg. 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. Resigned for 
dibability, July 15, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

LEACH, DANIEL, China. First Lt. 10th Infy, Oct. 1, 1861. Died of disease at Camp 
Big Si-riug, Miss., July 7, 1862. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 871 

LEACH, CHARLES, Blissfield. Entered service Jan. 23, 1865. Serg't Comp'y H. 11th 
Infy, . Second Lt., Aug. 1, 1865. First Lt. and Adjt., Aug. 12, 1865. Mus- 
tered out as Second Lt., Sept. 16, 1865, and honorabiy discharged." 

LEADBEATER, EDWARD S., Detroit. Capt., 27th Infy, Oct. 10, 1862. Wounded In 
action at Campbell's Station, East Tenn., Nov. 16, 1863. Wounded in action at 
Petersburg, Va., July 21, 1864:. Lt. Col., Mar. 6, 1865. Mustered out July 26, 1865, 
and honorably discharged.- 

LEANHONTS, WILLIAM, Kalamazoo. Entered service June 6, 1862. Serg't Comp'y 
D, 17th Infy, , Fii-st Lt., Dec. 5, 1864. Mustered out June 3, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

LEAVITT, GUILFORD A., Tuscola. Entered service Aug. 20, 1864. Serg't Maj., 29th 

Infy, • Second Lt., Jan. 6, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 6, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

LEAVITT, JAMES S., Tuscola. Second Lt, 7th Infy, June 19, 1861. Resigned Apl 
24, 1»62, and honoi'ably discharged. 

LEBARRON, ROBERT, Ann Arbor. Second Ass't Surg. 4th Infy, May 5, 1864. Mus- 
tered out June 29, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

LE BARON, C. DE LOSS, Tecumseh. Entered service Auc:. 7, 1862. Q. M. Serg't 18th 

Infy, . Second Lt., Ap'l 5, 1864. Fust Lt., Ap'l 23, 1865. Mustered out June 

26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LEE, HENRY G. Decatur. Entered service Oct. 12, 1861. Serg't 1st Comp'y S. S. 16th 
Infv, . Second Lt., July 7, 1865. Not mubtered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged July 8, 1865, 

LEE, FRANCIS G., Portland. Surg. 21st Infy, Dec. 15, 1862. Resigned Jan. 2, 1863, 
and honorably discharged. 

LEE, GEORGE, Grand Rapids. Batt. Adjt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. First Lt. and 
ReH:ni'l Adjt., — , 1862. Capt. and Asst Adjt. Gen. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 11, 1863. Bvt. 
Lt. Col., U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13. 1865, "for faithful and meritorious service during the 
\\ar." ]M;ij. and Ass't Adjt. Gen. U. S. Vol's, .Mav 19, 1865, on staff of Gen. Sheri- 
dan. First Lt. 21st U. S. Infy, July 28, 1866. Still servhig as Asst Adjt. Gen. on 
GiMi. Sheridan's staff. Bvt. Capt. U. S. A., Mar. 2, 1867, " for gallantry at the battles 
of New Madiid, BoonsviUe, and P* n-ysville," Bvt. Maj., Mar. 2, 1867," for gallantry 
at the battles of Stone river and Chickamauga." Bvt. Lt. Col., Mar. 2, 1807, "for 
faithful service in the field during the war." Died at New Orleans, La., Oct. 29, 1867. 

LEE, EDWARD M., Port Huron. First Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. Capt., Jan. 1, 1863. 
Taken prisoner in action at Buckland s Mills, Va., Oct. 19, 1863. Exchanged Dec. 13, 
18 4. Bvt. Col. and Brig. Gen. XJ. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1«65, " for gallant and ujeritori- 
ous conduct during the war." Lt. Col., Ap'l 13, 1865. Mustered out June 22, 1865, 
and lumorably discharged. 

LEE, FREDERICK B., Mt. Clemens. Entered service Dec. 22, 1862, as Pvt. Comp'y D, 
8Lh Cav. Regm'l Q. M. Seig't, Nov. 28, 1863. Second Lt., Feb. 9, ls64. Wounded 
in action ;it Bakers Ferry, Ga., July 5, 1864. Mustered out July 20, 1865, on consol- 
idation with 11th Cav., and honorably discharged. 

LEEDER, JAMES R., Pokagon. Entered service Dec. 31, 1863, as Pvt. 6th Infy. Ass't 
8uig. 23d Infy, May i6, 1865. Mustered out June 28, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

LEETCH, CHARLES S., Saginaw. First Lt. 1st Infy, Nov. 30, 1861. Resigned Sept. 
14, 1862, ana honorably discharged. 

LE FAVOUR, HEBER. Detroit. Capt. 5th Infy, June 19, 1861. Wounded in action at 
Wilhanjiriburg, Va., May 5, 1862. Lt. Col. 22d Infy, Aug. 30, 1862. Col., Jan. 5, 
1863. Taken jirisoner at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 2(i, 1863. Paroled May 7, 1864. 
Bvt. Br.g. Gen. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "lor gallant and meritorious service." 
Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LEFFORD, ASA C, Pet(>rsburg. Entered service Jan. 14, 1865, as Serg't Comp'y H, 
11th laf'y. Second Lt., Aug. 12, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. HonuraOly dis- 
charged Sept. 16, 1865. 



872 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR, 

LEGGETT, PERCIVAL S., Detroit, Entered service Aug. 16, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y A, 
5th Cav. Second Lt., June 13, 1863. Killed in action at Port Conway, Va., Sept. 1, 
1863. 

LEGGETT, FRANCIS W., New York City. Capt. 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. Resigned 
Jan. 11, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

LEIDLIN, JOHN, Saginaw. Second Lt. 2d Inf y, Ap'l 25, 1861. First Lt., Dec. 1, 1861. 
Resigned Sept. 17, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

LEIGHTON, STEPHEN B., Williamston. Entered service Aug. 12, 1862, as Serg't 
Comp y H, 26th Inf y. Second Lt., June 9, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Hon- 
orably discharged June 4, 1865. 

LELAND, JOSHUA B., Northfield. First Lt. 20th Infy, July 29, 1862. Died June 22, 
1863. 

LEMERAND, ALEX., Monroe. Entered service Oct. 17, 1861. Serg't Comp'y D, 15th 

Ini'y, . Second Lt., Nov. 1. 1864. First Lt., June 6, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 

13, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LENNON, PETER, Clayton. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861. Serg't Corap'v D, 5th Infy, 

. Second Lt., Oct. 10, 1864. First Lt., May 8, 1865. Capt., May 8, 1865. 

Mustered out as Second Lt., July 5, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LENNON, JOHN J., Detroit. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y A, 1st (3 
months) Infy. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. First Lt. 24th Infy, July 26, 1862. Re- 
signed Dec. 20, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

LEONARD, MILTON, Grand Rapids. Entered sei-vice June 10, 1881, as Corp'l Comp'y 
F, 3d Infy. Second Lt., Feb. 5, 1863. First Lt., Nov. 1, 1863. Capt., Ap'l 1, 1S64. 
Killed in action at the Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1864. 

LEONARD, CHARLES W., Newaygo. Ass't Surg. 10th Cav., Aug. 26, 1863. Honorably 
discharged May 15, 1865. 

LEONARDSON, OLIVER C, Port Huron. First Lt. 3d Cav., Sept 7, 1861. Honorably 
discharged Oct. 21, 1864. 

LERICK, ISAAC N., Utica. Capt. 3d Infy, Julv 29, 1864. Maj., June 14. 1865. Mus- 
tered out as Capt., May 25, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

LEVY, NATHAN, Rochester, N. Y. Second Lt. 10th Infy, Oct. 1, 1861. First Lt., Ap'l 
26, 1«G3. Resigned Jan. 12, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

LEWIS, FRANCIS J., Albion. Second Lt. 11th Cav., Aug. 1, 1863. Resigned Mar. 17, 
1864, and honorably discharged. 

LEWIS, EDWARD H., Albion. Entered sei-vice Sept. 9, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 1st 

Engs and Mech's, Second Lt., Nov. 3, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and 

honorably discharged. 

LEWIS, WILLIAM L., Bay City. Capt. 29th Infy, July 29, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 
6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LEWIS, EDWIN E., Coldwater. Entered service Oct. 19, 1861, as Serg't Batt. G, 1st 
Light Art. Second Lt., June 6, 1862. Fu'st Lt., Ap'l 19, 1864. Capt., Jan. 7, 1665. 
Mustered out Aug. 6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LEWIS, WM. ELY, St. Johns. First Lt. 8th Infy, Aug. 12, 1861. Capt.. Ap'l 21, 1862. 
Wounded in j^ction at James Island, S. C, June 16, 1862. Maj., Mar. 12, 1863. 
Killed in action at Cold Hiirltor, Va., June 3, 1864. 

LEWIS, WILLIAM A., East Saginaw. Second Lt. 23d Infy, Aug. 1, 1862. First Lt., 
Oct. 3, 1862. Capt., Oct. 6, 1864. Mustered out June 28, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

LIEBER, ALBRECHT. Chicago, 111. Appointed from 8th Illinois Cav. as Second Lt. 1st 
Mi. h., or l(i2d U. S. Coi'd Infy, May 15, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 873 

LIGHT, HAEVET E., Eureka. Capt. 10th Cav., July 25, 1863. Maj., Jan. 6, 1865. 
Mustered out Nov. 11, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LILLIE, JULIUS, Pavilion. Entered service Sept. 16, 1861. Serg't Comp'y E, 13th 

Infy, . Second Lt., Feb. 26, 1863. First Lt., Mar. 19, 1864. Taken prisoner 

in action. Mar. 9, 1865. Exchanged, . Mustered out July 25, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

LILLY, AUGUSTUS, Allegan. Entered service Aug. 6, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y B, 19th 
Infy. Second Lt., May 1, 1863. Fkst Lt., May 15, 1864. Honorably discharged as 
Second Lt., Apl 9, 1865. 

LIMBOCKER, THOMAS J., Trenton. Second Lt. Batt. 1, 1st Light Art., Aug. 14, 1862. 
Resigned for disability Feb. 3, 1864, and honorably discliarged. 

LINABUEY, JOSEPH, Pontiac. Entered sei-vice Aug. 22, 1861, as Corp'l Comp'y H, 7th 
Infy. Discharged for disability Jan. 21, 1863. Ee-entered service Oct. 22, 1863. Q. 

M. Serg't 13th Batt., . Second Lt., June 5, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. 

Honorably discharged July 1, 1865. 

LINCOLN, CHAELES P., Coldwater. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
C, 1st (3 months) Infantry. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Capt. 19th Infy, July 28, 
1862. Eesigned Ap'l 26, 1864, and honorably diechaiged. 

LIND, JOHN C, East Saginaw. Second Lt. 14th Infy, Nov. 18, 1861. Capt., July 9, 

1862. Died at East Saginaw, Mich., Aug. 8, 1863. 

LINDSAY, AEAD E., . Capt. 1st Mich (102d U. S.) Col'd Infy, Jan. 8, 1864. Killed 

in action at Honey Hill, S. C, Nov. 30, 1864. 

LINDSAY, OEANGE F., St. Clair. Entered service Nov. 11, 1861. Serg't Comp'y E, 

10th Infy, . Wounded in action Sept. 1, 1864, and again Mar. 16, 1865. Second 

Lt., May 20, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably discharged May 24, 1865. 

LINDSEY, JOHN, Grand Eapids. Entered sei-vice June 10, 1861, as Serg't Comp'v B, 
3d Infy. Second Lt., Jan. 1, 1862. Eesigned May 21, 1862, and honorably 
discharged. 

LISTEE, JAMES J., Trenton. Second Lt. 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. First Lt., Dec. 29, 

1863. Capt., Oct. 17, 1864. Mustered out July 21, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LITCHFIELD, ALLYN C, Blendon. Capt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. Lt. Col. 7th Cav., 
Nov. 14, 1802. Taken prisoner Mar. 1, 1804, on the Kilpatrick raid upon Eichmond, 
and placed in solitary confinement in that citv. Exchanged in Feb., 18G5. Col., 
Mar. 1, 1864. Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, Mar.'lS, 1865, "for gallant and meritori- 
ous service." Eesigned as Lt. Col., May 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LITTLE, ANDEEW, Eonald. Entered service Nov. 6, 1861. Serg't Comp'y F, 13th 
Infy, . Second Lt., July 5, 1865. Not mustered as an officei-. Honorably dis- 
charged July 25. 1865. 

LITTLE, CHAELES D., Saginaw City. First Lt. and Q. M. 23d Infy, Aug. 6, 1862. 
Eesigned July 20, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

LITTLEFIELD, DANIEL W., Grand Eapids. Entered service June 10, 1861, as Corp'l 
Comp'y A, 3d Infy. Secon.i Lt. 7th Cav., Oct. 29, 1862. Fii-st Lt„ June 6, 1803. 
Died of disease at Washington, D. C, Jan. 6. 1864. 

LITTLEFIELD, JOHN J., Dundee. Ass't Surg. 18th Infy, Oct. 25, 1864. Mustered 
out June 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LIVINGSTON, SAMUEL, Monroe. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861. Serg't Compy D, 

7th Infy, . Second Lt., Ap'l 22, 1862. First Lt., Sept. 17, 1862. Capt.. May 

20, 1863. Mustered out Oct. 5, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

LIVINGSTON, GEOEGE H., St. Joseph. Entered service Aug. 21, 1862, as Serg't 
Comp'y I, 19th Infy. Second Lt. Ap'l 26, 1864. Not mustered as an officer. Died 
of wounds July 1, 1664. 

IIU 



874 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 

LOASE, JOHN F., Greenville. Entered service Aug. 6, 1862. Serg't Comp'y F, 21st 

Inf'y, '• Second Lt., Dec. 1, 1862. Wounded in action at Stone Biver, Tenu., 

Dec. 31, 1862. Mustered out June 21, 1865, and honorably discliarged. 

LOBDELL, JAMES H., Muskegon. First Lt. 6th Cav.. Oct. 13, 1862. Honorably dis- 
charged Mar. 6, 1863. 

LOCHHEAD, OSCAR F., Plymouth. Entered service May 25, 1861. Serg't Comp'y H, 
2d Infy, . First Lt., Oct. 12, 1864. Eegimental Q. M., Sept. 30, 1864. Mus- 
tered out July 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LOCKE, WESLEY. Sturgis. Entered service Aug. 6, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y E, 19th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., June 15, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged June 10, 1865. 

LOCKLEY, GEORGE, Ann Arbor. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y B, 1st 
(3 months) Inf'y. Serg't Comp'y G, 1st (3 years) Infy, Aug. 18, 1861. Second Lt., 
Aug. 6, 1862. First Lt., Sept. 23, 1862. Capt., Nov. 1, 1862. Wounded in action, 
May 23, 1864. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vols., July 6, 1864, "for gallant and distiiiguiylied 
service at the battle of Spottsylvania, and during the present campaign before Rich- 
mond, Va." Maj., Oct. 3, 1864. Lt. Col., Jan. 7, 1865. Wounded m action at 
Hatcher's Run, Va., Feb. 6, 1865. Col., May 30, 1865. Mustered out as Lt. Col., 
July 9, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LOCKLIN, LEWIS D., Hillsdale. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861. Serg't Comp'y C,. 

7th Inf'y, . First Lt., Sept. 6, 1864. Capt., June 20, 1864. Mustered out July 

5, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LOCKWOOD, THEODORUS W., Detroit. Second Lt. Batt. H, 1st Light Art., Mar. 6, 

1862. First Lt., Jan. 22, 1863. Resigned Aug. 11, 1863. Capt. 9th Cav., June 21, 

1864. Mustered out July 21, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LOCKWOOD, MAJOR F., Spaulding. First Lt. 9th Cav., June 21, 1864. Killed while 
on a scout to Stone Mountain, Gra., Oct. 2, 1864. 

LOGAN, WILLIAM S., Richland. Second Lt. 17th Inf'y, June 17, 1862. Wounded in 
action at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862. First Lt., Feb. 22, 1863. Capt., Sept. 19, 

1863. Wounded in action at Wilderness, Va., May 7, 1864. Taken prisoner at 
Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864. Exchanged Mar. 25, 1865. Mustered out June 3, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

LONG, JOHN, Detroit. Second Lt. 16th Infy, Aug. 9, 1861. Wounded in action at Mal- 
vern Hill, Va., July 1, 1862. Resigned Dec. 1, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

LONG, GEORGE R., St. Johns. Entered sei-vice Aug. 22, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y G, 23d 
Infy. Second Lt., Feb. 13, 1863. First Lt., Feb. 24, 1864. Capt., Nov 30, 1864. 
Wounded in action at Nashville, Tenn., Dec. 15, 1864. Mustered out June 28, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

LONG, MICHAEL P., Grand Rapids. Entered service June 10, 1861, as Pvt Comp'y E, 
3d Infy. Capt., July 29, 1864. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for galLint 
and meritorious service in the field during the war. " Mustered out May 25, 1866, and 
honorably discliarged. 

LONGRELL, ROBERT S., Niles. Entered service Sept. 8, 1861. Serg't Comp'y L, 2d 
Cav., . Second Lt., July 31, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged Aug. 17, 1865. 

LONSBURY, GEORGE W., Saugatuck. Entered service Aug. 12, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
I, oLh Cav. Second Lt., Sept. 1, 1863. First Lt., July 15, 1864. Capt., Nov, 10, 

1864. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious service dur- 
ing the war." Mustered out June 22, 1865, and honorably discliarged. 

LOOMIS, CYRUS O., Coldwater. Capt. Batt. A, 1st Light Art., Mav 28, 1861. Col., 
1st Reg't Lt. Art, Oct. 8, 1862. Bv(. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vols, June 20, 1865, "forgal- 
lantand meritorious service." Mustered out July 29, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LOO:\[IS, ROYAL H., Saginaw City. Entered service Aug. 21, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
A, 2d Ciiv. Second Lt., Mar. 1, 1864. Capt., Dec. 26, 1864. Mustered out Aug. 17, 
1665, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 875 

LOOMIS, JAMES B., Battle Creek. Entered service Sept. 4, 1862. Ser^'t Maj. 7tb 

Cav., . First Lt., Au^. 1, 1863. Capt., May 24, 1865. Mustered out Dec. 15, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

LOEANGEE, KICHARD, Detroit. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y F, 1st 
(3 njunths) Inf y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Capt. 15th Inf y, Jan. 1, 1»62. Re- 
signed Sept. 24;, 1862, and honorably dischaiged. 

LORANGER, FLIP., Williamston. First Lt. 26th Inf'y, Sept. 1, 1862. Capt., Jan. 7, 
1863. Resigned Mar. 30, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

LORD, FRANK, Detroit. Entered service Sept. 19, 1861. Serg't Maj. 1st Infy, . 

First Lt., May 30, 1865. Capt., July 15, 1865. Mustered out as First Lt., July 9, 
1865, and honox'ably discharged. 

LOSEY, CORNELIUS, Oxford. Entered service Nov. 21. 1861, as Serg't Comp'v I, Htb 
Inf'y. Fust Lt., Aug. 10, 1864. Capt., Feb. 13, 1865. Wounded in acUou Mar. 20. 
1865. Honorably discharged as First Lt., May 15, 1865. 

LOSEY, GEORGE H., Hudson. Entered service Aug. 31, 1864, as Serg't Comp'v B, 4th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Oct. 24, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably discharged 
May 26. 1866. 

LOTHIAN, JAMES A., Muskegon. Capt. 26th Infy, Sept. 1, 1862. Died July 12, 1864, 
of wounds received in action before Petersburg, Va., June 16, 1864. 

LOUCKS, JOHN W., Jr., St. Clair. Entered service Nov. 19, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 

15th Inf'v, . Second Lt., Oct. 30, 1862. Honorably discharged for disability, 

Nov. 20, 1863. 

LOUNSBERRY, CDEMENT A., Marengo. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y 
I, 1st (3 months) Inf'y. Wounded and taken prisoner, July 21, 1861. Exchanged, 
. Clustered out July 1, 1862. Enlisted as Serg't Comp'y I, 20lh Inf y, Aug. y, 

1862. Second Lt., Jan. 26, 1863. Wounded and taken prisoner in action, lAlav 9, 

1863. R.scued, . First Lt., Nov. 19, 1863. Capt., May 12, 1864. Wimnded in 

action at Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864. Bvt. Maj U. S. Vols. Dec. 2, 18(;4, "for 
gallant and meritoriot.s service during the present campaiirn before Richmond, Ya." 
Lt. Col., Dec. 20, 1864. Col., Mar 11, 1865. MusteredoutMay 30, 16(j5, as Lt. Col., 
and honorably discharged. 

LOVELAND, WILLIAM H., Ann Arbor. Entered service June 20, 1861. Serg't ISTaj. 4th 

Inf'y, . First Lt., July 1, 1862. Capt., Sept. 10, 1862. Died May 31, 1864, of 

wounds received in action at the Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864. 

LOVELL, DON G., Grand Rapids. Entered service June 10. 1861, as Corp'l Comp'y A, 
3d Infy. Second Lt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. First Lt., >iay 9, 1863. Capt., Oct. 
22. 1863. Wounded in action at Treviilian Station, Va., June 11, 18(i4. Maj., June 
21, 1865. Mustered out as Capt., Nov. 24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LOVELL, BEZALEEL W., Lapeer. Capt. 7th Inf'y, June 19, 1861. Resigned Aug. 30, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

LOVEWELL, FR.4NCIS, Adrian. Entered service Mar. 7, 1863. Serg't Comp'y M, 1st 

Entr's and Meoh's, . First Lt., Nov. 3, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and 

honorably discharged. 

LOW, JOHN E., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 6, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y F, 1st Inf'v. 
Second Lt., Aug. 30, 1862. First Lt., Oct. 13, 1862. Wounded in action June 2, 1864. 
Mustered out Sept. 22, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

LOWE, HENRY, Hamburg. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862. Serg't Comp'v E, 26th 
Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 9, 1865. Not mustered as an ofSeer. Honorably dis- 
charged June 4, 1865. 

LOWING, STEPHEN L., Georgetown. First Lt. 3d Inf'y, May 13, 1861. Capt., Oct. 
28, 1861. Wounded at Fair Oaks, Ya., May 31, 1862. Resigned Ap'l 8, 1864, and 
honorably discharged. 

LOWRIE, WILLIAM C. D., Detroit. Second Lt. 8th Cav., Nov. 1, 1862. First Lt., 
Aug. 31, 1863. Resigned Dec. 23, 1863, and honorably discharged. 



876 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

IiOWRIE, WILLIAM H., Eomeo. Entered service Aug. 13, 1861. Com. Serg't 9th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Sept. 20, 1864. First Lt. and Q. M., Nov. 16, 1864. Mus- 

tered out Sept. 16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LUCAS, ISAAC W.,- Grand Rapids. Entered service Feb. 19, 1863. Serg't Comp'y K, 

7th Cav., . Second Lt., Mar. 22, 1864. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably 

discharged June 16, 1865. 

LUCE, CONSTANT, Monroe. Capt. 4th Inf'y, May 16, 1861. Resigned Nov. 23, 1861. 
Lt. Col., 17th Inf'y, Aug. 8, 1862. Col., Mar. 21, 1863. Honorably discharged Dec. 
4, 1864. 

LUCE, EDMUND M., . Second Lt. Batt. H, 1st Light Art., June 19, 1862. 

Resigned Feb. 16, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

LUDDEN, HENRY D., Detroit. Entered sei-vice Oct. 19, 1861. Serg't Corapy D, 13th 

Inl'y, . Second Lt., June 19, 1863. First Lt., Mar. 19, 1864. Capt., Ap'l 25, 

1865. Mustered out July 25, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LUM, CHARLES M., Detroit. Capt. 1st (3 months) Inf'y. May 1, 1861. Wounded in 
action at Bull Run, Va., July 21, 1861. Col. 10th Inf'y, Nov. 20, 1861. Mustered out 
Ap'l 1, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LUMBARD, GEO. W., HUlsdale. Capt. 4th Inf'y, May 16, 1861. Lt. Col., Julv 1, 1862. 
Col., July 3, 1863. Died May 6, 1864, of wounds received in action at the Wilderness, 
Va., May 5, 1864. 

LUMBARD, HORATIO G., Hillsdale. First Lt. 4th Inf'y, Nov. 14, 1862. Taken pris- 

oner at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863. Released . Mustered out June 29, 1864, 

and honorably discharged. ,. 

LUMBARD, FRANCIS M., Ann Arbor. Entered service Mar. 31, 1^64. Serg't Comp'y 
I, 4th Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 6, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honor- 
ably discharged Oct. 17, 1865. 

LUNGERHAUSEN, CHARLES, Detroit. Entered service May 25, 1861. Serg't Comn'y 
A, 2d Inf'y, . First Lt., Nov. 5, 1864. Mustered out July 28, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

LUSK, GEORGE W., . Second Lt. Comp'y D, Western S. S., June 11, 1862. 

Resigned Dec. 31, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

LUSK, THURLOW W., Duplain. Second Lt., 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Capt., Oct. 1, 
1862. Maj., Oct. 25, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 28, 1805, and honorably discharged. 

LYMAN, JAMES H., Shiawassee. Entered service Sept. 14, 1861. Serg't Comp'v B, 

3d Cav., . Second Lt., July 4, 1865. Mustered out Feb. 12, 1866. and honorably 

discharged. 

LYON, CHARLES D., Grand Rapids. Second Lt. 3d Inf'y, May 13, 1861. First Lt., 
Aug. 1, 1861. Capt., Oct. 28, 1801. Resigned Oct. 13, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

LYON, CHARLES, Grand Rapids. Supernumerary Second Lt. 7th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862. 

Mustered out . Reentered service as Pvt. 7th Cav., Jan. 14, 1864. Second Lt., 

Mar. 22, 1864. First Lt., May 24, 1865. Mustered out Deo. 15, 1865, and liooorably 
discharged 

LYON, DANIEL, St. Johns. Entered service Aug. 15, 1861. Serg't Comp'y H, 16th 

Inf'y, . First Lt., Sept. 27, 1864. Wounded in action at Hatcher's Run, Va., 

Feb. 6, 1865. Honorably discharged May 15, 1865, for disability. 

LYON, DARWIN B., Grand Rapids. Second Lt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861, Resigned Jan. 
21, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

LYON, EPHRAIM N., Flint. Capt. 8th Inf'y, Aug. 12, 1861. Maj., Feb. 1, 1863. 
Resigned Mar. 10, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LYON, FARNHAM, Grand Rapids. First Lt. and Q. M. 7th Cav., Oct. 27. 1862. Capt. 
and Ass't Q. M. U. S. Vols., May 18, 1864. Bvt. viaj. U. S. Vols., Mar. 13, 1865, "for 
faithful and nmrilorious service during the war." Mustered out Mar. 20, 18G6, and 
honorably discharged. 



I 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 877 

LYON, GIDEON A., Saginaw City. Entered sei-vlce Au,^. 21, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y E, 
23d Inf'y. Second Lt., Dec. 29, 1862. First Lt., Ap'l 16, 1864. Capt., Aug. 15, 1864. 
Transferred to 28th Inf'y, June 28, 1865. Mustered out June 11, 1866, and honorably 
discharged. 

LYON, G. COLLINS, Jackson. Second Lt. 1st (3 months) Infy, Mav 1, 1861. Capt. 
1st Infy, Aug. 17, 1861. Resigned Ap'l 22, 1862. JVJa.i. 17th Inf'y, Aug. 8, 1862. 
Wounded in action at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862. Resigned Oct. 13, 1864, and 
honorably discharged. 

LYON, HARVEY, ]\Iidland City. First Lt. 10th Inf'y, Oct. 1, 1861. Capt., June 23,. 

1862. Resigned Oct. 31, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

LYON, SANFORD W., Grand Eapids. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
B, 21st Inf'y. First Lt., Sept. 24, 1863. Wounded m action at Bentoaville, N. C, 
Mar. 19, 1865. Mustered out June 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LYON, SOLOMON, T., HoweU. Second Lt. 5th Inf'y, Feb. 1, 1864. First Lt., June 10, 

1864. Capt., Sept. 15, 1864. Mustered out July 5, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LYSAGHT, RICHARD, St. Joseph. Capt. 19th Inf'y, July 28, 1862. Resigned Jan 6,. 

1863, and honorably discharged. 

■^LYSTER, HENRY F., Detroit. Ass't Surg. 2d Inf'y, Ap'l 25, 1861. Surg. 5th Inf'y, 
July 15, 1862. Wounded in action at the Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864. Mustered 
out July 7, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LYSTER, WILLIAM J., Detroit. Second Lt. 2d Inf'y, Ap'l 25, 1861. Discharged June 
21, 1861. First Lt. 19th U. S. Inf'y, to rank from May 14, 1861. Wounded in action 
Ap'l 7, 1862. Bvt. Capt.. Ap'l 7, 1862, " for gall-^.nt and meritorious service in the 
battle of Shiloh, Tenn. " Bvt. Maj., Sept. 20, 1863, "for gallant and meritorious- 
service in the battle of Chickamauga, Ga." Capt., Aug. 9, 18i;4, Bvt. Lt. Col., 
Sept. 1, 1864, " for gallant and meritorious service in the Battle of Mission Ridge, 
Tenn., and during the Atlanta campaign." Now in service. 

MABBS, ROBERT.; Allegan. Entered service Aug. 11, 1862. Serg't Comp'y B, 19tb 
Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 15, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged June 10, 1865. 

MACAREY, HARLOW E., Cold water. Second Lt. 28th Inf'y, Aug. 15, 1864. First Lt., 
May 8, 1865. Mustered out June 5, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

MACK, ADDISON H., Hubbardston. Entered service Aug. 20, 1864. Serg't Comp'y D, 

3d Inf'y, , Second Lt., Nov. 28, 1864. Not mustered as an officer. Houorably 

discharged May 25, 1866. 

MACKEY, JAMES E., Detroit. Capt. 14th Inf'y, Nov. 18, 1861. Mustered out War. 14, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

MACKEY, THOMAS, Detroit, Entered service Sept. 22, 1861, as Serg't Comp'v L, 3d 
Cav. Discharged Jan 15, 1863. Second Lt. 4ih Cav., Mar. 1, 1863. First Lt., Mar. 
31, 1863. Capt., Nov. 26, 1864. Mustered out July 21, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

MACKLIN MICHAEL, Detroit. Entered service July 3, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 1st 
Inf'y, . Second Lt., May 30, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged July 9, 1865. 

MAETZKE, WILLIAM A., Manchester. Entered service Aug. 24, 1864. Q. M. Serg't 
28th Inf'y, - — . Second Lt., Ap'l 11, 1865. Mustered out June 5, 1866, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

MAGILL, ARTHUR E., Grand Rapids. First Lt. 14th Inf'y, Nov. 18, 1861. Capt., 
June 4, 1863. Resigned July 14, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

*It is claimed that Dr. Lyster attended on the field at Blackburn's Ford July 18, 1861, the 
first Michigan soldier wounded in the war, being Private Mathias Wollen weber, Co. A, 2d 
Mich. Infy. That he amiiutated the left arm of Private Frederick Wustenberg, Co. A, 2(1 
Mich. Inf'y, at Bull Run, July 21, 1861, the first amputation made in a Michigan regiment in the 
war. 



878 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

MAGOFFIN, WM. T., St. Johns. First Lt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. Eesif;ned Mar. 29, 
1862. Capt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. Resigned Aug. 1, 18 ;4, and honoraVjly dis- 
charged. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vols., Mar. 13, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious service 
during the vyar." 

MAGUIEE, JAMES, Plymouth. Entered service Aug. 21, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 16th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 6, 1864. First Lt., Sept. 7, 1864. Wounded in action 

at Poplar Grove Church, Va., Sept. 30, 1864. Capt., May 8, 1865. Mustered out 
July 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MAHAN, THEODORE S., Adrian. First Lt. 16th Inf'y, Aug. 9, 1861. Capt., Aug. 23, 

1862. Wounded in action at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, 1862. Resigned Ap'I 17, 

1863, and honorably discharged. 

MAHON RICHARD H., Detroit. Entered service May 25, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y K, 2d 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Dec. 4, 1861. First Lt., Mar. 6, 1862. Resigned Aug. 30, 1862, 
and honorably discharged. 

MAHON, WILLIAM, Detroit. Chap. 8th Inf'y, Aug. 26, 1861. Resigned June 24, 1862, 
and honorably discharged. 

MAIN. SIDNEY G., Owosso. First Lt. 29th Inf'y, July 29, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 6, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

MALTMAN, JOHN S., Ypsilanti. Entered service Aug. 4, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y E, 17th 
Inf'y. First Lt., June 30, 1864. Mustered out June 3, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged 

MALTZ, GEORGE L., Detroit. Entered service June 20, 1861. Serg't Maj. 4th Inf'y, 

. Second Lt., Dec. 13, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 21, 1864. Wounded in action at 

Cold Harbo)', Va., June 3, 1864. Mustered out June 28, 1864, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

MANDEVILLE, CHARLES, Constantine. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
D, 19lh Inf'y. Second Lt., Dec. 1, 1863. First Lt., Jan. 11, 1864. Killed in action 
at Dallas, Ga., May 25, 1864. 

■^lANN, RODNEY, Ionia. Entered service Sept. 17, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y A, 1st Eng's 
and Meehs. Second Lt., Sept. 12, 1862, First Lt., Jan. 1, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 
26, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

MANN, WILLIAM D., Detroit. Capt. 1st. Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Lt. Col. 5th Cav., Aug. 
14, 1862. Col. 7th Cav., Dee. 1, 1862. Resigned Mar. 1, 1864, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

MANN, JOSHUA W., Owosso. First Lt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 1862. Capt., Mar. 31, 1863. 
Resigned Aug. 1, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

MANN, STEPHEN B., Palmyra. First Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. Capt. 7th Cav., Oct. 
15,' 1862. Honorably discharged for disability July 8, 1863. 

MANNING, JAMES L., Lyons. Entered service Sept. 20, 1862, as Pvt. Comp'y E, 6th 
Cav. Second Lt. 2d Inf'y, Ap'I 1, 1864. Resigned Oct. 14, 1864, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

MANNING, REUBEN E., Salem. Entered service July 22, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y B, 
20th Inf'y. Second Lt., May 17, 1865. First Lt., to rank from Ap'I 5, 1865. Not 
mustered as an oUicer. Mustered out May 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MANSFIELD, MORTIMER, Coldwater. First Lt. 9th Inf'y, Oct. 12, 1861. Capt., Jan. 
7, 1862. Taken prisoner at Murfreesboro, Tenn., July 13, 1862. Released Aug. 8, 
1862. Mustered out Sept. 15, 186."), and honorably discharged. 

MANSFIELD, KILBORN W., Otsego. Entered service Oct. 24, 1861. Serg't Comp'y I, 

13th Inf'y, . Second Lt. July 4, 1862. First Lt., Feb. 28, 1863. Capt., Mar. 19, 

1864. Mustered out July 25, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MANVEL, HOMER, Saugatuck. Entered service Nov. 28, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y F, 8th 
Cav. Second Lt., Sept. 12, 1864. First Lt. and Adjt., Nov. 14, 1864. Mustered out 
Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 879 

MAPES, WILLIAM L., Eansom. Entered service Aug. 27, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y D, 11th 
Cav. Second Lt., Oct. 29, 1864. Mustered out^Aug. 10, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

MAPLES, ANDEEW, Tecumseh. Entered service June 20, 1861. Serg't Comp'y B, 4th 
Inf'y, . Fkst Lt., July 1, 1865. Mustered out May 26, 1866, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

MARBLE, EPHEAIM, Marshall. Second Lt. 9th Inf y, Oct. 12, 1561. First Lt., Ap'I 
21, 1862. Taken prisoner at W urf reesboro, Tenn., July 13, 1862. Released July 15, 

1862. Capt., Aug. 7, 1863. Resigned Sept. 26, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

MARBLE, EDGAR M., Saranac. First Lt. and Adjt. 3d Inf'y, July 29, 1864. Resigned 
June 16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MARCH, EDWIN J., Hillsdale. Capt. 27th Inf'y, Dec. 30, 1863. Lt. Col. 2d Inf'y, Ap'I 
1, 1864. Wounded in action near Peter.sburg, Va., June 18, 1864. Col., Sept. 30, 
1864. Resigned as Lt. Col. Ap'I 17, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MARK, LEOPOLD, Detroit. Entered service Jan. 2, 1863. Serg't Comp'y G, 9th Cav., 
. Second Lt., Jan. 18, 1864. Honorably discharged Aug. 27, 1864. 

MARR, THOMAS, Flint. Entered service July 10, 1861. Serg't Comp'y B, 1st Inf'y, 

. Second Lt., May 30, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably discharged 

July 9, 1865. 

MARSH, STEPHEN P., Leonidas. Entered service Aug. 24, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 

11th Infy, . Second Lt., Feb. 13, 1863. First Lt., Jan. 6, 1864. Mustered out 

Sept. 30, 1864, and honorably discharged, 

MARSHALL, DAVID D., Tecumseh. Capt. 4th Inf'y, May 16, 1861. Mustered out 
June 30, 1864. Capt. 30th Inf'y, Nov. 28, 1864. Mustered out June 30, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

MARTIN, STEPHEN, Detroit. Capt. 16th Inf'y, Aug. 9, 1861. Wounded in action at 
Gaines's Mill, Va., June 27, 1862. Resigned Ap'I 22, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

MARTIN, JOHN, Detroit. Entered service Oct. 1, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y H, 16th Inf'y. 
Second Lt., Ap'I 11, 1863. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

MARTIN, WILLIAM A., Ann Arbor. Entered service Sept. 17, 1861. Serg't Maj. 3d 

Cav., . Second Lt., May 16, 1862. First Lt., Aug. 1, 1862. Capt, Nov. 17, 1864, 

Resigned Oct. 20, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MARTIN, GEORGE H., Grand Rapids. Entered service Jan. 12, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y 
I, 7th Cav. Second Lt., Oct. 1, 1863. Second Lt. 14th Batt. Light Art., Feb. 11, 
1864. Resigned Feb. 20, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MARUM, JOHN E., Detroit. Entered service May 28, 1861, as Pvt. Batt. A, 1st Light 
Art. Second Lt. 8th Inf'y, Mar. 10, 1862. First Lt., Sept. 1, 1862. Capt., Mar. 27, 

1863. Wounded in action before Petersburg, Va., June 18, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 
9, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

MARVIN, HARVEY, Ovid. Entered service Aug. 12, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y D, Ist 
Cav. Second Lt., Nov. 12, 1862. Mustered out Dec. 21, 1864, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

MARVIN, CHARLES, Hillsdale. Entered service June 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y E, 4th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Sept. 1, 1861. Furst Lt., June 27, 1862. Capt., Nov. 26, 1862. 
Resigned Jan. 27, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

MARVIN, HENRY M., Coloma. Ass't Surg. 12th Inf'y, Mar. 3, 1864. Resigned Sept. 23, 

1864. and honorably discharged. 

MARVIN, CHARLES W., Ithaca. Ass't Surg. 26th Inf'y, June 27, 1864. Clustered out 
June 4, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MASON, ALBERT, White Lake. Entered service Oct. 21, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 3d 

Cav., . Second Lt. Oct. 26, 1864. First Lt., July 4, 1865. Capt., Oct. 17, 1865. 

Mustered out as First Lt., Feb. 12, 1866, and honorably discharged. 



880 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

MASON, GEORGE P., Charleston. Entered service Oct. 1, 1863. Serg't Comp'j' I, 11th 

Cav., . Second Lt., Mar. 21, 1864. Capt., Oct. 29, 1864. Killed in action at 

Marion, Va., Dec. 18 1864. 

MASON, HARVEY D., Portland. Second Lt. 1st Comp'y S. S. 27tk Inf'y, Ap'l 1, 1864. 
Resigned Oct. 8, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

MASON, HIRAM L., Grand Rapids. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 0, 
7th Infy. First Lt., Oct. 5, 1864. Capt., Nov. 4, 1864. Mustered out July 5, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

MASON, HENRY M., Flint. Second Lt. 30th Infy, Nov. 28, 1864. Mustered out June 
24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MASON, JAMES B., Battle Creek. Capt. Comp'y I, Merrill Horse, Sept. 6, 1861. Lt. 
Col. 11th Cav., Aug. 14, 1863. Killed in action at Sand Mountain, Va., Oct. 4, 1864. 

MASON, JOHN W., Dundee. Ass't Surg. 6th Infy, July 29, 1862. Surg., Dec. 23, 1864. 
Mustered out Aug. 20, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MASON, JOSEPH, Lansing. Entered service June 10, 1661, as Serg't Comp'v G, 3d 
Infy. Second Lt., Aug. 1, 1861. First Lt., June 9, 1862. Wounded at Fair Oaljs, 
Va., May 31, 1862. Capt., Jan. 1, 1863. Killed in action at Chancellors ville, Va., 
May 3, 1863. 

MASON, LEE A., Galesburg. Entered service May 25, 1861. Serg'tMaj. 2d Infy, . 

Fu-st Lt., Dec. 31, 1864. Capt., Ap'l 17, 1865. Mustered out July 28, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

MASON, LORENZO D., Boston. First Lt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 12, 1861. Re- 
signed July 30, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

MASON, THERON, Hastings. Entered service Sept. 2, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y C, 11th 
Cav. Second Lt., Jan. 30, 1865. Resigned Aug. 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MASTEN, JOHN B. Tecumseh. Entered service Dec. 9, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y I, 7th 
Cav. Second Lt., Aug. 16, 1864. First Lt., May 24, 1865. Transferred to 1st Cav., 
Nov. 17, 1865. Mustered out Mar. 10, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

MATHER, JAMES, Pavilion. Second Lt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 16, 
1863. Capt., Oct. 31, 1863. Killed in action at Opequan creek, Va., Aug. 12, 1864. 

MATHER, ASHER E., Pontiac. Chap. 22d Infy, Aug. 29, 1862. Resigned Aug. 3, 1863, 
and honorably discharged. 

MATHER, SPENCER J., Detroit. Capt. Comp'y K, 1st U. S. S. S., Nov. 12, 1861. 
Resigned July 7, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

MATHEWS, SALMON S., Pontiac. First Lt. 5th Infy, June 19, 1861. Capt., Oct. 11, 

1861. Wounded in action at Glendale, Va., June 30, 1862. Taken prisoner July 1, 

1862. Exchanged Sept. 1, 1862. Maj., May 3, 1863. Wounded in action at Gettys- 
burg, Pa., July 2, 1863. Wounded in action at the Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864. 
Lt. Col., Jtme 11, 1864. Resigned Dec. 21, 1864, and honorably discharged. Bvt. 
Col. and Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service 
at the battles of Glendale and the Wilderness, Va. " 

MATHEWS, ALMERON S., Pontiac. First Lt. 7th Inf'y, June 24, 1861. Resigned 
Dec. 11, 1861. First Lt. 22d Inf'y, July 31, 1862. Adjt., Nov. 27, 1862. Taken 
prisoner at Chiekamauga, Ga., Sept. 20, 1863. Paroled Mar. 1, 1865. Capt., to 
rank from Oct. 11, 1863. Mustered out June 26, 1865. Second Lt., 14th U. S. Infy, 
July 20, 1866. Transferred to 32d Lify, Sept. 21, 1866. 1st Lt., Sept. 15, 1867. 
Resigned Dec. 9, 1867, and honorably discharged. 

MATHEWS, THOMAS, Flint. Fh-st Lt. 17th Infy, June 17, 1862. Capt., May 13, 

1863. Maj., Oct. 14, 1864. Mustered out June 3, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MATHEWS, AMASA E., Plviuouth. Entered service Aug. 8, 1861, as Serg't Comp'v H, 
1st Cav. Second Lt., Nov. 12, 1862. First Lt., May 18, 1863. Capt., June 13, 1864. 
Wournhnl in action at Winchester, Va., Sept. 19, 1804. Honorably discharged for 
disability, Jan. 16, 1865. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 881 

MAUCH, BERNARD, Detroit. First Lt. 3 months Infy, May 1, 1861. Wounded and 
taken prisoner at Bull Run, Va., July 21, 1861. Died of wounds while a prisoner, 

, 18t31. 

MAUS, JACOB, Hastings. Second Lt. 8th Infy, Aug. 29, 1861. Resigned Jan. 9, 1862, 
and honorably discharged. 

MAYERS, JOHN G., Allegan. Entered service Aug. 20, 1864, as Serg't Maj. 28th Infy. 
Second Lt., War. 13, 1866. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out June 5, 1866, 
and honorably discharged. 

„ MAXIM, ALPHONSO A., Bridgewater. Entered service Aug. 14, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y 
In A, 10th Cav. Second Lt., Feb. 14, 1865. First Lt. and Q. M., Sept. 2, 1865. Mus- 

■' tered out Nov. 11, 1665, and honorably discharged. 

MAXWELL, GEORGE R., Monroe. Entered service Aug. 15, 1861. Serg't Comp'y K, 

1st Cav., . First Lt., July 30, 1862. Wounded "in action at Monterey, Md., 

July 4, 1863. e'apt., Aug. 22, 1863. Wounded in action at Hawes's shop, Va., May 
28, 1864. Lt. Col., Oct. 25, 1864. Wounded in action at Five Foriis, Va., Ap'l 1, 
1865 (leg amputated). Bvt. Col. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for conspicuous gal- 
lantry in action. " Honoi'ably discharged Aug. 4, 1865. 

MAXWELL, WILLIAM B., Grafton. Entered service Sept. 20, 1864, as Pvt. Comp'y 
B, 1st Cav. Second Lt., Mar. 7, 1865. Died of disease at Pleasant VaUey, Va., 
Mar. 14, 1865. 

MAY, WILLIAM J., White Pigeon. Col. 11th Infy, Oct. 11, 1861. Resigned Ap'l 1, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

MAY, DWIGHT, Kalamazoo. Capt. 2d Infy, Ap'l 25, 1861. Resigned Dec. 2, 1861. 
Lt. Col. 12th Iiify. Oct. 8, 1862. Col., June 10, 1865. Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, 
Oct. 24, 1865, "for faiihful service during the war." Mustered out Feb. 15, 1866, 
and honorably discharged. 

MAY, CHARLES S., Kalamazoo. Capt. 2d Infy, Ap'l 25, 1861. Resigned Sept. 22, 
1861, and honorably discharged. 

MAY, FRANK W., Kalamazoo. Chap. 2d Infy, May 25, 1861. Mustered out July 22, 

1864, and honorably discharged. 

MAY, THOMAS P., Litchfield. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862. Serg't Comp'y G, 17th 
Infy, . Second Lt., May 26, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged June 3, 1865. 

MAYERBECK, CHARLES, Detroit. Entered service Sept. 26, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 0, 
14th Infy, . Second Lt., Mar. 14, 1865. Mustered out July 18, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

MAYNARD, CHARLES W., Ann Arbor. Entered service July 29, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
D, 20th Inf'v. Wounded and talien prisoner at Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864. 
Exchanged Dec. — , 1864. Fii-st Lt.,"Jan. 12, 1865. Mustered out May 30, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

MAYNARD, DARIUS G., Marquette. First Lt. and Ad.it. 1st Cav., Nov. 1, 1862. Capt., 
Aug. 22, 1863. Wovuided in action at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19, 1863. Resigned Feb. 
17, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

MoALESTER, CHARLES E., FUnt. Capt. 23d Infy, Aug. 1, 1862. Transferred to Ist 
U. S. Veteran Vol. Eng's, Aug. 13, 1864. No further record. 

McANNELLY, PATRICK, Detroit. Entered service Oct. 28, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y G, 
15th Infy. Second Lt., Aug. 13, 1863. Mustered out Aug. 13, 1865. and honorably 
discharged. 

McARTHUR, WILLIAM, Woodville. Entered service Aug. 30, 1864. Serg't Comp'y E, 

3d Infy . Second Lt., Dec. 18, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out 

May 25, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

McBRIDE, JAMES G., Monroe. First Lt. and Adjt. 15th Infy, Jan. 1, 1862. Capt. 9th 
Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. Maj., Oct. 17, 1865. Mustered out as Capt., July 21, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

Ill 



88;i MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

MoCALLUM, JAMES T., Hancock. Second Lt. 29th Inf'y, July 29, 1864. First Lt., 
July 7, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

McCarthy, ALONZO N., Galesburg. Entered service Sept. 11. 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
I, 2d Cav. Second Lt., June 7, 1864. Resigned Mar. 28, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

McCarthy, Robert D., Grand Rapids. Entered service Oct. 21, 1863, as Pvt. Comp'y 
B, 1st Eng's and Mech's. Second Lt., Feb. 16, 1864. Resigned May 29, 1864, and 
honorably discharged. 

McCLINTOCK, OILMAN J., Owosso. First Lt. 14th Inf y, Nov. 18, 1861. Resigned 
July 3, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

McCLOUD, JOHN L., Schoolcraft. Capt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. Resigned Ap'l 14, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

MoCLOY, JOSEPH, Jackson. First Lt. 12th Inf'y, Oct. 10, 1861. Capt., Sept. 1, 1862. 
Resigned Feb. 25, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

McCOLLISTER, CHARLES E., St. Joseph. Capt. 25th Inf'y, Aug. 10, 1862. Resigned 
Mar. 16, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

McCOLLOUGH, FRANCIS, East Saginaw. Entered service July 16, 1861. Serg't 

Comp'y F, 1st Inf'y, . Second Lt., July 7, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. 

Honorably discharged July 9, 1865. 

McCOLLUM, WALTER, Lodi. Second Lt. 20th Inf'y, July 29, 1862. First Lt., Feb. 
24, 1863. Capt., Jan. 1, 1864. Killed in action at Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864. 

MoCONNELL, WILLIAM C, . Entered service Sept. 13, 1864. Q. M. Serg't 3d 

Inf'y. . Second Lt., Ap'l 10, 1866. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out 

May 25, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

MoCONNELL, WILLIAM H., Hillsdale. Second Lt. 4th Inf'y, May 16, 1861. Resigned 
Jan. 2, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

MoCONNELL, ABRAM P., Pontiac. Surg. 22d Inf'y, Aug. 5, 1862. Mustered out June 
26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MoCONNELL, DANIEL, Grand Rapids. Col. 3d Inf'y, May 13, 1861. Resigned Oct. 22, 

1861, and honorably discharged. 

Mccormick, JOHN J., Vassar. Entered service Sept. 1, 1861. Serg't Comp'y C, 2d 
Cav., . Second Lt.. Sept. 19, 1862. Taken prisoner at Perryville, Ky., Oct. 8, 

1862. Exchanged June 18, 1863. First Lt., Ap'l 15, 1863. Mustered out Oct. 22, 

1864, and honoi'ably discharged. 

MoCOKMICK, JAMES H., Ypsilanti. Entered service Sept. 12, 1861. Serg't Comp'y D, 

3d Cav., . Second Lt., Oct. 24, 1K^64. First Lt., Nov. 14, 1864. Mustered out 

Feb. 12, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

Mccormick, GEORGE W., Kalamo. Entered service Oct. 27,1862. Sergt Comp'y D, 
7lh Cav.. . Second Lt., Juno 6, 1863. First Lt., June 13, 1863. Capt., May 24, 

1865. Mustered out Dec. 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MoCOURTIE, SAMUEL B., Bethel. Entered service Nov. 30, 1861. Sergt Batt. F, 1st 
Light Art., . Seconti Lt., Jan. 10, 1865. Mustered out July 1, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

McCRACKIN, MARONI, Lapeer. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 7th 
Inf'y, . Second Lt., Dec. 18, 1864. Resigned May 27, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

MoCRATH, JOHN W., Grand Rapids. Second Lt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 12, 1861. 
First Lt., May 28, 1862. Capt., lo rank from May 11, 1863. Mustered out Sept. 22, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

MoCRATH, LYMAN J., Grand Rapids. Entered service Sept, 27, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 

D, 1st Eng's and Mech's, . Second Lt., Sept. 3, 1864. Fh-st Lt., Nov. 3, 1864. 

Resigned June 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. SSiJ 

MoCRAY, STEWART B., Grand Rapids. First Lt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. Resigned 
f Ap'l 14, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

MoCREARY, HENRY, Colon. First Lt. 25th Inf'y, Aug. 10, 1862. Capt., Ap'l 7, 1863. 
Wounded in action near Atlanta, Ga., Aug. 6, 1864. Wounded in action Dec. 15, 1864. 
Mustered out June 24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MoCREERY, WILLIAM B., FUnt. " Entered service May 25, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y P, 
2d Inf'y. Capt., Sept. 10, 1861. Wounded (three wounds) at Williamsburg, Va., 
May 5, 1862. Lt. Col. 21st Inf'y, Nov. 20, 1862. Col., Feb. 3, 1863. Wounded three 
times and taken prisoner at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 20, 1863. Escaped from Libby 
prison Feb. 9, 1864. Resigned on account of vrounds, Sept. 14, 1864, and honorably 
discharged. In Gen. Thomas's order is the following: " On account of wounds (six 
in number) received at various times in action while in discharge of duty, the honor- 
able scars of which he now wears. In accepting the resignation of Col. William B. 
McCreery, the major general commanding takes occasion to express his high appre- 
ciation of the soldierly qualities and faithful discharge of duty which have ever char- 
acterized Col. McCreery's actions, at the same time regretting the existence of the 
disability which compels the withdrawal of so valuable an officer fr(.im the service. " 

MoCREERY, CHARLES H., Flint. Second Lt. 8th Inf'v, Sept. 3, 1862. First Lt. and 
Adjt., Sept. 24, 1862. Capt., Mar. 27, 1863. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vols., Ap'l 2. 1865, "for 
conspicuous gallantry in the assault before Petersburg, Va. " Mustered out Oct. 7, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

MoCURDY, JAMES P. W., Meridian. Entered service Oct. 29, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G. 

12th Inf'y, . Second Lt., Mar. 29, 1864. Resigned Mar. 21, 1865, and honora- 

bly discharged. 

MoDERMOTT, PATRICK, Detroit. First Lt. Comp'y A, 23d 111. Inf'y, June 15, 1861. 

Taken prisoner Sept. 20, 1861, at the siege of Lexington, Mo. Paroled, . Capt., 

Nov. 1, 1861. Mustered out Sept. 14, 1864. Capt. 11th Mich. Inf'y, Mar. 1, 1865. 
Maj., Mar. 16, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MoDERMOTT, JOHN, Detroit. Capt. Comp'y A, 23d 111. Inf'y, June 15, 1861. Taken 

prisoner Sept. 20, 1861, at the siege of Lexington, Mo. Paroled, . Resigned 

Nov. 1, 1861. Lt. Col. 15th Mich. Inf'y, Jan. 1, 1862. Resigned Sept. 18, 1863, and 
honorably discharged. 

MoDONALD, RONALD, Detroit. Entered service Sept. 1, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G. 1st 

Cav., . Second Lt., Mar. 7, 1865. Mustered out Mar. 10, 1866, and honorably 

discharged. 

MoDONALD, MUIR A., Washington. Entered service Dec. 8, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y D, 
8th Cav. Second Lt., Aug. 31, 1863. Capt., Jan. 18, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

MoDONALD, WILLIAM H., Port Huron. Entered service Nov. 13, 1861, as Serg't 
Comp'y E, 10th Inf'y. Second Lt., Aug. 1, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 31, 1863. Capt., 
Sept. 3, 1864. Maj., June 7, 1865. Mustered out as Capt. July 19, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

MoDOUGAL, COLIN, Port Huron. Entered service July 17, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y G, 
1st Inf'y. Second Lt, May 26, 1862. Resigned Jan 23, 1863, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

MoELHENY, JAMES S., Dowagiac. Entered service Aug. 15, 1861, as Serg't Maj. 1st 
Cav. Second Lt., Nov. 12, 1862. First Lt., May 18, 1863. Killed in action at Mon- 
terey, Md., July 4, 1863. 

MoELHENY, WILLIAM D., Prairie Ronde. Entered service Dec. 22, 1862, as Serg't 
Comp'y F, 8th Cav. First Lt., Dec. 23, 1863. Mustered out July 20, 1865, on con- 
solidation with 11th Cav., and honorably discharged. 

MoENTEE, TERRENCE P., Saginaw. Second Lt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. First Lt., 
June 9, 1862. Killed by Bushwhackers at Water Valley, Miss., Dec. 18, 1862, while 
returning from a scout. 

MoFARLAND, JOHN N., Plymouth. Capt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 1862. Resigned Mar. 31, 
1863, and honorably discharged. 



884 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

MoGINLEY, JAMES F., Manistee. Entered service June 10, 1861. Serg't Comp'y I, 3d 
Inf'y, . First Lt., Mar. 15, 1864. Wounded in action May 10, 1864. Trans- 
ferred to 5th Inf'y, June 10, 1864. First Lt. and Adjt., Sept. 1, 1864. Capt. Oct. 10, 
1864. Wounded, taken prisoner, and died of his wounds, Oct. 27, 1864. 

McGOWAN, JONAS H., Matteson. Entered service Aug. 18, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y M, 
5th Cav. Capt. 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. Resigned for disabihty, Jan. 27, 1864, and 
honorably discharged, 

MoGEAW, BYEON, Pontiac. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y D, 5th 
Inf'y. Second Lt. 16th Inf'y, Mar. 22, 1862. Wounded in action at Gaines's Mill, 
Va., June 27, 1862. Died at Savage Station, Va., June 30, 1862, of wounds received 
in action June 27, 1862. 

MoGRAW, WILLIAM H., Dansville. Entered service Sept. 9, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y B, 
2d Cav. Second Lt., Sept. 8, 1862. First Lt., Jan. 30, 1863. Resigned Aug. 27, 1863, 
and honorably discharged. 

MoGREGOR, JOHN, Detroit. Entered service Nov. 5, 1862. Serg't Comp'y E, 27th 
Inf'y, . Second Lt., May 15, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged July 26, 1865. 

McHALE, ALEXANDER W., Muskegon. Entered service Aug. 15, 1862. Serg't 

Comp'y C, 26th Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 9, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. 

Honorably discharged June 4, 1865. 

McILVANE, WILLIAM W., Cassopolis. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861, as serg't 
Comp'y D, 6th Inf'y. Second Lt., Dec. 1, 1862. Wounded in action at Port Hudson, 
La., May 27, 1863. First Lt., Sept. 1, 1863. Resigned July 20, 1864, and honorably 
discharged. 

MoINTYRE, MICHAEL, Hillsdale. Entered service Oct. 3, 1861. Serg't Maj. 3d Cav., 

. Second Lt., June 11, 1862. First Lt., Nov. 1, 1862. Honorably discharged 

Feb. 28, 1865. 

McIVOR, JOHN E., Kalamazoo. Entered service Sept. 16, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y E, 
13th Inf'y. Second Lt., Sept. 17, 1862. Wounded in action at Stone river, Tenn., 
Dec. 31. 1862. First Lt., Feb. 26, 1863. Resigned Sept. 19, 1863. Capt. 28th Inf'y, 
Aug. 15, 1864. Mustered out June 5, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

MoKAY, JOHN, . Entered service Sept. 8, 1864, as Pvt. Comp'y G, 3d Inf'y. Sec- 
ond Lt., Feb. 25, 1866. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out May 25, 1866, and 
honorably discharged. 

McKAY, ROBERT G., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 8, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y H, 1st 
Cav. Second Lt., Sept. 12, 1862. Taken prisoner in action Sept. 23, 1863. 
Exchanged, . Fust Lt., Ap'l 14, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 7, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

McKENDRIE, EDWARD S., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 12, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
G, 16th Inf'y. Capt. 1st Mich, or 102d U. S. Col'd Inf'y, Feb. 4, 1864. Mustered 
out Sept. 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

McKENZIE, CHARLES F., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 15, 1862. Serg't Comp'y K, 

4th Cav., Second Lt., Feb. 1, 1863. Died of disease at Detroit, Mich., Nov. 

18, 1863. 

MoKERNON, PHILIP, Mason. Capt. 7th Inf'y, June 19, 1861. Died of typhoid fever, 
near Poolsville, Md., Sept. 26. 1861. 

MoKINNEY, JOHN Y., Portsmouth. Second Lt. 23d Inf'y, Aug. 1, 1862. First Lt., 
Jan. 26, 1863. Capt., Oct. 6, 1861. Mustered out Juno 28, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

MoKINNEY, MARTIN V., Buchanan. Capt. 25th Inf'y, Aug. 10, 1862. Resigned July 26, 
1863, and honorably discharged. 

MoKNIGHT, JAMES A., Ann Arbor. Entered service Aug. 18, 1862, as Pvt. Comp'y I, 
16th Inf'y. First Lt. and Adjt. 1st Mich, or 102d U. S. Col'd Inf'y, Dec. 13, 1863. 
Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 885 

McLACHLIN, WILLIAM D., Petersburs:. First Lt. 11th Inf'y, Mar. 1, 1865. Mustered 
out Sept. 16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

McLACHLIN, ARCHIBALD J., Van Buren. Entered service Julv 16, 1862, as Serg't 
Cumij'y G, 19th Inf'y. Second Lt., Jan. 6, 1863. Resiiined Aiay 25, 1864, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

Mclaughlin, SIMON, St. Johns. Entered service Aug. 16, 1861. Serg't Comp'y C, 
8th Inf'y, . First Lt., Sept. 28, 1864. Mustered out July 30, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

Mclaughlin, Patrick, Detroit. First Lt. leth Infy, Aug. 9, I86I. Capt., Nov. 3, 
1862. Resigned Ap'l 16, 1863. First Lt. and Q. M., 1st Mich, or 102d U. S. CoI'd 
Inf'y, Nov. 6, 1863. Killed in action at Salkehatchie, S. C, Feb. 8, 1865. 

McLEAN, JAMES B., Dexter. Entered service June 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y K, 4th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Jan. 29, 1862. Capt., Sept. 28, 1862. Wounded at Gettysburg, 
Pa., July 2, 1863. Resigned for disability, Ap'l 21, 1884, and honorably discharged. 

McLELLAN, DAVID M., Dowagiac. Second Lt. 12Lh Inf'y, Oct. 10, 1861. Wounded in 
action at Shiloh, Tenn., Ap'l 6, 1862. Resigned Nov. 16, 1862, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

MCLOUGHLIN, WILLIAM, Sturgis. First Lt., 13th Infy, Oct. 3, 1861. Capt., May 
31, 1862. Resigned Oct. 13, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

MoMASTERS, ALPHONSO, Albion. Entered service Oct. 9, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 

1st Eng's and Mech's, . First Lt., Nov. 3, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, 

and honorably discharged. 

McMillan, JOHN G., FentonvlUe. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861. Serg't Comp'y H, 

7th Inf'y, . First Lt., Aug. 18, 1864. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably 

discharged June 2, 1865. 

McMillan, Archibald, Detroit. Entered service Mar. 25, 1863. Serg't Batt. M, 
1st Light Art., . Second Lt., Oct. 26, 1863. First Lt., Sept. 27, 1864. Mus- 
tered out Oct. 14, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MoNAUGHTON, DUNCAN, Bay City. Entered service Mar. 31, 1864. Serg't Maj. 16th 

Inf'y, . First Lt. and Adjt., Oct. 15, 1864. Capt., May 7, 1865. Mustered out 

July 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MoNAUGHTON, DANIEL, Plainfield. Entered service Aug. 28, 1862, as Q. M. Serg't 
7th Cav. First Lt. and Q. M., May 18, 1864. Mustered out Dec. 15, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

McNEIL, JOHN A., . First Lt. 1st Comp'y S. S., 16th Inf'y, Sept. 16, 1861. Re- 
signed May 18, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

MoNEIL, HALMER E., Port Huron. Entered service Nov. 8, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 

15th Inf'y, . Second Lt., Oct. 13, 1862. First Lt., Jan. 1, 1863. Resigned Sept. 

17, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

McNETT, JACOB. Grand Haven. Ass't Surg. 1st S. S., Jan. 1, 1863. Resigned Ap'l 19, 
18(34, and honorablj'' discharged. 

McNITT, ORVILLE F., Hartford. Entered service Sept. 5, 1864. Com. Serg't 28th 
Inf'y, . Second Lt., May 8, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged June 5, 1866. 

Mono AH, WILLIAM M., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 1, 1862. Serg't Comp'y G, 

24th Inf'y, . Second Lt., May 1, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably 

discharged June 30, 1865. 

Mcpherson, JAMES, Fentonville. Second Lt. 7th Inf'y, May 10, 1862. First Lt.. 
i\lay 26, 1863. Capt., Ap'l 23, 1864. Mustered out as 1st Lt., Oct. 5, 1864, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

McQUAID, SAMUEL C, Ypsilanti. Entered service Aug. 21, 1862. Principal Musician 
27th Ini'y, . Second Lt., Nov. 17, 1864. Honorably discharged Mar. 14, 1865. 



886 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 

McQUAID, ROBEftT H., Belleville. Entered service Auff. 22, 1862, as Q. M. Ser^^'t 27tb 

Infv, . Second Lt. 29th Infy, Oct. 4, 186-4. First Lt., Jan. 6, 1865. Died at 

Nashville, Tenn., by railroad accident, Jan. 19, 1865. 

MoTAGGART, CALVIN P., Grand Rapids. Entered service June 10, 1861, as Corp'l 
Comp'y A, 3d Infy. Second Lt, Sept. 24, 1862. First Lt., jV[ar. 28, 1863. Trans- 
ferred lo Vet. Ees. Corps Dec. 13, 1863. No further record. 

MoWILLIAMS, EDMUND, Detroit. Second Lt. Hall's S. S., Sept. 13, 1864. Mustered 
out Mar. 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MEAD, JAMES F., Hastings. Entered service Sept. 7, 1862, as Serg't Comi>'y F, 8tli 
Infy, Wounded in action June 16, 1862. Second Lt., July 5, 1864. Wounded in 
action July 21, 1864. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably discharged Sept. 23, 
1864. 

MEAD, JOSEPH L., East Saginaw. First Lt. 7th Cav., June 11, 1863. Died Sept. 13, 
1864, of wounds received in action Aug. 29, 1864. 

MEAD, PETER E., Ypsilanti. Second Lt. 1st Mich., or 102d U. S. Col'd Infy, Dec. 2, 
1863. First Lt,, Nov, 16, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

MEAD, THEODORE S., Hillsdale. First Lt. 2d Comp'y S. S. 27th Infy, Feb. 27, 1864. 
Wounded in action near Petersburg, Va., June 17, 1864, Died (jct. 16, 1864, of 
wounds received in action at Poplar Grove Church, Va., Sept. 30, 1864. 

MEADE, FAYETTE C, Litchfield, Entered service F.-b. 23, 1864. Serg't 2d Comp'y S. 
S. 27th Infy, . First Lt., Oct. 16, 1864. Mustered out July 26, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

MEADE, LEROY, Tecumseh. Entered service June 20, 18G1. Serg't Comp'y G, 4th 

Infy, . Second Lt., Feb. 12, 1863, Mustered out June 30, 1864, and honorably 

discharged. 

MEADE, LEWIS C, Ann Arbor. Entered service Aug, 7, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y I, 22d 
Infy. Second Lt., July 11, 1863. Taken prisoner at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 20, 

1863. Paroled Mar. 1, 1865. First Lt, June 7, 1864. Mustered out June 26, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

MEDDAUGH, BKONSON C, Detroit Second Lt Batt B, 1st Light Art, Aug. 28, 1862, 
Mustered out at Corinth, Miss., Mar. 6, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

MEDLER, JAMES G., Leroy. Entered service Aug. 13, 1862. Serg't Comp'y F, 5th 
Cav., . Second Lt, Mar. 7, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged July 22, 1865. 

MEIGS, LUCIEN, Reading. Capt 1st S. S., Mar. 31,1863. Resigned Aug. 9, 1864, and 
honorably discharged. 

MELCHOR, THADDEUS W., Paw Paw. Capt 4th Cav., Aug, 13, 1862, Resigned Mar. 
31, 1863, and honorably discharged, 

MENDENHALL, DANIEL W., Adrian, Entered service Oct 5, 1861, Q. M. Serg't 12th 
Infy, , Second Lt., Nov. 18, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged Feb. 15, 1866. 

MENIER, FRANCIS, Ionia. Capt 21st Infy, July 30, 1862. Resigned Ap'I 6, 1863, and 
honorably discharged. 

MERRICK, BENJAMIN W., Port Austin. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861, as Pvt Comp'y 
E, 5th Infy. Di&charged for disability Ap'I 27, 1863. First Lt 29th Inf y, July 29, 

1864. Capt, Aug. 7, 1865, Mustered out as First Lt, Sept 6, 1865, and honorjibly 
discharged, 

MERRILL, ALBERT P,, Parma, Second Lt 20th Infy, July 29, 1863, Not mustered. 

MERRILL, NORRIS H., Buchanan. Entered service July 22, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y K, 
25th Infy. Second Lt, June 1, 1864. Wounded in action with loss of arm at 
Atlanta, Ga., Aug. 6, 1864. Honorably discharged for disability, Nov. 4, 1864. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 88? 

♦MERRILL, LEWIS, Penn. Cadet M. A., Julj' 1, 1851. Bvt. Second Lt. 1st U. S. Drag., 
July 1, 1855. Second Lt. 2d Drag., Dec. 13, 1855. First Lt. 2d U. S. Cav., Ap'l 24, 
1861. (Jol. .Merrill Horse (2d Mo." Cav.), Aug. 17, 1861. Capt. 2d U. S. Cav., Oct. 1, 
1861. Bvt. Maj., Sept. 10, 1862, "for gallant and meritorious service against the rebel 
forces in North Miss(.)uri. " Bvt. Lt. Col., Sept. 10, 1863, " for gallant and meritorious 
service in the capture of Little Rock, Ark." Bvt. Col., Mar. 5, 1865, "for gallant and 
I meritorious service against the rebel forces in northwest Georgia, under the command 

of the rebel General WofTord, and which terminated in his surrender." Bvt. Brig. 
Gen. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious service during the war." 
Mustered out of volunteer service Deo. 14, 1865. Maj. 7th U. S. Cav., Nov. 27, 1868. 
Now in service. 

MERRILL, AMI S., Parma. Entered service Sept. 26, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y M, 2d Cav. 
Capt. 1st Mich., or 102d U. S. Col'd Inf'y, May 18, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

MERITHAN, JOHN D., Manchester. First Lt. (3 months) Inf'y, May 1, 1861. Mustered 
out Aug. 7, 1861, and honorably discharged. 

MERRITT, WILLIAM T., Eaton Rapids. First Lt. 10th Cav., July 25, 1863. Mustered 

out Feb. 9, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MERRITT, JAMES E., Tecumseh. Capt. 11th Cav., Aug. 1, 1863. Mustered out on 
consolidation with 8th Cav., July 20, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MERRITT, ALEXANDER H., Tecumseh. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861, Serg't Comp'y 

C, 1st Infy, . Wounded in action at Bull Run, Va., July 30, 1862. Second Lt., 

Aug. 30, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 18, 1863. Wounded in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 
2, 1863. Capt., May 8, 1864. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Sept. 30, 1862, "for gallant and 
distinguished service at the battles of Laurel Hill and Peebles's Farm, Va." Maj., 
July 7, 1865. Lt. Col., July 15, 1865. Mustered out as Capt., July 9, 1865, and hon- 
oi'ably discharged. 

MERRITT, JOHN C, Detroit. First Lt. 24th Inl'y, July 26, 1862. Capt., Dec. 29, 1862. 
Died of disease July 9, 1863. 

MERRYWEATHER, WILLIAM, Holly. Entered service Jan. 3, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y 
C. 8th Cav. First Lt. and Adjfe., Aug. 31, 1863. Capt., Nov. 14, 1864. Honorably 
discharged as First Lt. and Adjt., Feb. 20, 1865. 

MESSINGER, ALBERT W., Iosco. Entered sei-vice Aug. 11, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y B, 
26th Infy. Second Lt., Dec. 5, 1864. First Lt., June 9, 1865. Mustered out as Sec- 
ond Lt. June 4, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MEYER, CHARLES G., East Saginaw. Capt. 29th Inf'y, July 29, 1864. Mustered out 
Sept. 6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MEYERS, CHARLES, Detroit. Capt. 16th Inf'y, Aug. 9, 1861, Wounded in action at 
Gaines Mills, Va., June 27, 1862. Honorably discharged for disability Oct. 31, 1863. 

MICKLEY, HENRY L., Adrian. Entered service Nov. 5, 1861. Serg't Comp'y F, 15th 

Ini'Y, . First Lt., Nov. 1, 1864. Capt., Mar. 30, 1865. Mustered out Aug, 13, 

1865, and honorably discharged, 

MIGNAULT, JOHN B. K,, Mt. Clemens. Surg. 8th Cav,, Nov, 6, 1862. Resigned for 
disability Sept. 12, 1864, and honorably discharged, 

MILES, CLARENCE L,, Commerce. Entered service Sept, 17, 1861, as Q. M. Serg't 
Comp'y I, 3d Cav. Fii-st Lt, 9th Cav,, Nov, 3, 1862, Resigned Feb. 11, 1864, and 
honorably discharged. 

MILES, EDWIN C, St, Clair. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 5th 

Inf'y, , Second Lt,, Oct, 16, 1862, Capt, 11th Cav. Aug. 1, 1863. Mustered 

out Aug, 10, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MILES, HAMILTON S,, Coldwater, Entered service July 19, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y C, 
19th Inf'y, Second Lt,, June 15, 1865, Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged June 10, 1865. 

MILES, JAMES W., . Second Lt, Bait. E, 1st Light Art,, Oct, 1, 1861, No further 

record. 

*Had in his regiment three companies of Michigan troops during the war. 



888 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

MILES, MARCUS H., St. Clair. First Lt. and Q. M. 11th Cav., Aug. 21, 1863. Trans- 
ferred to 8th Cav. July 20, 1865, on consolidation. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

MILLARD, CYPRIAN H., Linden. Capt. 9th Inf'y, Oct. 12, 1861. Resigned Dec. 10, 

1861, and honorably discharged. 

MILLARD, WILSON, Tallmadge. Entered service Aug. 12, 1862. Serg't Comp'y G, 

21st Inf'y, . Second Lt., Ap'l 29, 1864, Wounded in action at Bentonville, N. C, 

Mar. 19, 1865. Mustered out May 19, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MILLER, ALFRED K., Coldwater. Entered sei-vice Feb. 20, 1863. Serg't Comp'y L, 

9th Cav., . Second Lt., June 27, 1865, Not mustered as an oflBcer. Honorably 

discharged July 21, 1865. 

MILLER, CHARLES R., Adrian. First Lt. 18th Inf'y, July 27, 1862. Capt., Aug. 13, 

1862. Mustered out Jurte 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MILLER, CHARLES S., Rockland. Entered service Aug. 15, 1862. Serg't Maj. 27th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Mar. 1, 1864. Killed in action near Bethesda Church, Va., 

June 3, 1864. 

MILLER, CLEMENT F., Kalamazoo. First Lt. and Adjt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 
12, 1861. Resigned Mar. 21, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

MILLER, GEORGE, Pokagon. Capt, 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. Resigned Mar. 12, 1864, 
and honorably discharged. 

MILLER, HARRISON, Ingham. Entered service Dee. 2, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y K, 14th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., June 4, 1863, First Lt, Dee. 29, 1864. Mustered out as 2d Lt. 
Mar. 14, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MILLER, HENRY, Saginaw. Capt. 5th Inf'y, June 19, 1861. Honorably discharged 
Feb. 18, 1863. 

MILLER, HENRY E,, Jackson. Entered service Aug. 5, 1862. Serg't Comp'y G, 17th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Sept. 14, 1863. Not mustered as an officer. Hoiioiably 

discharged May 20, 1865. 

MILLER, HOBART, Detroit. Second Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. Fir.^t Lt. and Adjt. 
9th Cav., Dec, 5, 1862. Resigned Mar. 15, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

MILLER, JACOB W., Fentonville. Entered service Sept. 19, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
I, 3d Cav. Second Lt., Sept. 18, 1864. Honorably discharged June 6, 1865. 

MILLER, MARSHALL M., Coldwater. Entered service Oct. 19, 1861, as Pvt. Batt. P, 
1st Light Art. Second Lt., Mar. 15, 1864. Wounded in action at Marietta, Ga., 
June 27, 1864, First Lt., Jan. 19, 1865. Mustered out July 1, 1865, and honorably 
d.scharged. 

MILLER, MARVIN, Corunna. Second Lt. 23d Inf'y, Aug. 1, 1862. Resigned Dec. 17, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

MILLER, PHILIP D., Schoolcraft. Entered service Sept. 11, 1862, as Hosp'l Stew'd 
25th Inf'y, Second Lt., Nov. 1, 1864. Ass't Surg., Jan. 1, 1865. Mustered out June 
24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MILLER, SHIRK, Grand Rapids. Entered service Sept. 16, 1861. Serg't Comp'y F, 

2d Cav., . Second Lt., July 31, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably 

discharged Aug. 17, 1865. 

MILLER, WILLIAM H., Berrien. Entered sei-vice Oct. 11, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y I, 
12lh Inf'y. First Lt., Mar. 19, 1864. Resigned May 31, 1865, and honorably "dis- 
charged. 

MILLERD, MELANCTHON, Adrian. Second Lt., 4th Inf'y, July 26, 1864. First Lt., 
Oct. 24, 1865. Mustered out Feb. 11, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

MILLERSII.\UM, STEPHEN W., St. Clair. Entered service Mar. 14, 1862. Serg't 

Comp'y F, 1st Cav., . Second Lt., Mar. 7, 1805. Not mustered as an officer. 

Honorably dibcharged Mar. 25, 1865. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 889 

• 

MILLS, LEONID AS E., Coldwater. Second Lt. 11th Inf'y, Aug. 24, 1861. Eesierned 
June 23, 1862. Pvt. Comp'y H, 11th Inf'y, Jan. 19, 1864. First Lt., Mar. 1, 1865. 
Capt., Mar, 16, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MILLS, LUCIUS F., Ionia. First Lt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 12, 1861. Capt., 
July 14, 1862. Mustered out Oct. 26, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

MILLS, HIEAM R., Saline. Entered service Aug. 7, 1862. Hosp'l Stew'd 20th Inf'v, 
. Ass't Surg. 8th Cav., Mar, 30, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

MILLS, SAMUEL C, Coldwater. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Corp'i Comp'y C, 
1st (3 months) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. First Lt. 11th Inf'y, Aug. 24, 
1861. Resigned June 24, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

MILLS, WM. H., Kalamazoo. Entered service Dec. 13, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y F, 8th 
Cav, First Lt., July 24, 1864. Mustered out July 20, 1865, on consolidation with 
11th Cav., and honorably discharged. 

MINAHAN, JAMES, Eedford. Entered service Aug. 28, 1863. Serg't Maj. 10th Cav., 
. Second Lt., Jan. 22, 1864. First Lt., Ap'l 1, 1864. Capt., Aug. 3, 1865. Mus- 
tered out Nov. 11, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MINER, WILLIAM P., Moscow. Second Lt. 8th Inf'y, Sept. 24, 1861. Resigned Feb. 
19, 1862, and honorably discharged, 

MINER, IRVIN S,, Hudson, Entered service Aug. 29, 1864, as Seig't Comp'y B, 4th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Feb. 9, 1865. First Lt., Aug. 8, 1865. Mustered out May 26, 
1866, and honorably discharged. 

MINTY, ROBERT H. G., Detroit. Maj. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. Lt. Col. 3d Cav., Sept. 
7, 1861. Col. 4th Cav., July 31, 1862. Bvt. Brig. Gen. and Maj. Gen. U. S. Vol's, 
Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and distinguished service during the war," Mustered out 
Aug, 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MITCHELL, GILBERT, Kalamazoo. Entered service Sept. 13, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
I, 2d Cav. First Lt, Feb. 20, 1865, Transferred to 136th U, S, Col'd Troops, June 
22, 1865. No further record. 

MITCHELL, LEVI J., Detroit. Second Lt. 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. Resigned Oct. 24, 
1863, and honorably discharged, 

MITCHELL, JOHN, Palmyra, Entered service Nov. 7, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 14th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., July 7, 1865. Mustered out July 18, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

MIX, FRANK W., Allegan. Entered service Sept. 1, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y A, 3d Cav. 
Second Lt., Mar. 26, 1862. First Lt., May 25, 1862. Capt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 1862. 
Maj., Feb. 18, 1863. Wounded in action near Lovejoy Station, Ga., Aug. 20, 1864. 
Resigned Nov. 24, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

MIX, ELISHA, Manlius. Capt. 8th Cav., Nov. 1, 1862. Maj., Mar. 2, 1863. Lt. Col., 
Ap'l 16, 1864. Not mustered as Lt. Col. Taken prisoner during Stoneman's raid, 
Aug. 2, 1864. Exclianged Sept. 27, 1864. Col., Sept. 1, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 
22, 1865, and honorably discharged, Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vols., Mar. 13, 1865, "for 
long, faithful, and meritorious service." 

MIZNER, JOHN K., Detroit. Cadet M. A., 1852. Bvt. Second Lt. 2d U. S. Dragoons, 
July 1, 1856. Second Lt., Feb. 28, 1857. First Lt., May 9, 1861. Capt., Nov. 12, 
1861. Col. 3d Mich. Cav., Mar. 7, 1862. Bvt. Maj. U. S. A., Oct. 4, 1862, " for gal- 
lant and meritorious service at the battle of Corinth, Miss." Bvt. Lt. Col. U. S. A., 
•June 12, 1863, "for gallant and meritorious service in action at Pinola, Miss." Bvt. 
Brig. Gen. U. S. Vols., Mar. 13, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious service during the 
war." Mustered out of volunteer service, Feb. 12, 1866. Maj. 4th U. S. Cav., Jan. 
26, 1869. Now in service. 

MIZNER, HENRY R., Detroit. Capt. 18th U. S. Inf'y, ISIay 14, 1861. Col. 14th Mich. 
Inf'y, Nov. 11, 1862. Bvt. Maj. U. S. A., Dec. 31, 1862, "for gallant and meritorious 
service in the battle of Murfreesboro, Tenn." Bvt. Lt. Col. U. S. A., Sept. 1, 18(54, 
" for gallant and meritorious service during the Atlanta campaign, and in the battle 



890 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

of Jonesboro, Ga." Bvt. Bri^. Gen. U. S. Vols., Mar, 13, 1865, "for gallant and 
meritorious service during tlie war." Mustered out of volunteer service July 18, 
1865. Maj. 20th U. S. Inf'y, Feb. 22, 1869. Transfer-red to 12th U. S. Inf'y, Mar, 15, 
1869. Transferred to 8th U. S. Inf'y, May 14, 1877. Lt. Col. 10th Inf'y, Dec, 15, 
1880, Now in service, 

MIZNEE, WILLIAM London, Entered service Aug. 6, 1861. Serg't Comp'y F, 16th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., May 8, 1865. First Lt., July 7, 1865. Mustered out as 

Second Lt., July 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MOASE, CHAELES, Burr Oak, Second Lt. 1st Three Months Inf'y, May 1, 1861. 

Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Capt. 11th Inf'y, Aug, 24, 1861, Eesigned Feb. 14, 

1862. Eeappointed Feb. 15, 1862. Eesigned November 15, 1862, and honorably 
discharged. 

MOGK, GEOEGE C, Ann Arbor. First Lt. 1st Three Months Inf'y, May 1, 1861. First 
Lt. 1st Inf'y, Aug. 17, 1861. Taken prisoner at Bull Eun, Va., Aug. 30, 1862. Ex- 
changed, . Capt., Aug. 30, 1862. Mustered out Sept. 26, 1864, and honorably 

discharged. 

MOLLOY, JOHN, Grand Eapids. Entered service Oct. 14, 1862. Serg't Comp'y G, 6th 

Cav., . Second Lt., July 17, 1863. First Lt., Dec. 10, 1864. Transferred to 1st 

Cav., Sept. 17, 1865. Died of consumption from exposure while in service at Fort 
Bridger, U. T., Feb. — , 1866. 

MOLSBEEEY, WM. F., Buchanan. First Lt. 12th Inf'y, Oct. 10, 1861. Eesigned Oct, 
15, 1862, and honorably discharged, 

MONEOE, DAVID S. Ann Arbor. Entered service Aug, 11, 1862, Serg't Comp'y H, 

2()th Inf'v, . Second Lt., May 17, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably 

discharged May 30, 1865. 

MONEOE, CHAELES, Bay City. Second Lt. 29th Inf'y, July 29, 1864. First Lt., 
July 13, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MONTAGUE, CALVIN S., Kalamazoo. Entered service May 25, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
K, 2d Inf'y. Second Lt., Feb. 24, 1863. Wounded in action at Jaclcson, Miss., July 
11, 1863. Capt. 1st Mich. (102d U. S.) Colored Troops, Mar. 11, 1864. Maj., June 
19, 1865. Bvt. Lt. Col. U. S. Vols., Sept. 30, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious 
conduct." Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MONTEITH, GEOEGE, Adrian. First Lt. 4th Inf'y, May 16, 1861. Eesigned, Sept. 28, 
1862. Capt. 4th Inf'y, Feb. 1, 1863. Eesigned May 31, 1864. Capt. and Ass't Adjt. 
Gen. Vols., Ap'l 20, 1864. Eesigned Jan 1, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MONTGOMEEY, PETEE D., Eaton Eapids. First Lt. 6th Inf'y, Aug. 19, 1861. Capt., 
Sept. 1st, 1862. Wounded in action May 27, 1863. Eesigned Aug. 12, 1864, and 
honorably discharged. 

MONTGOMEEY, CAMPBELL, Detroit. Second Lt. 14th Inf'v, Nov. 18, 1861. First 
Lt. and Adjt. 23d Infy, Sept. 9, 1862. Eesigned July 15, 1864, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

MONTGOMEEY, JOHN S., Eaton Eapids. First Lt. 20th Inf'y, July 29, 1862. Capt., 
Jan. 26, 1863. Wounded m action May 10, 1863. Eesigned Ap'l 22, 1864, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

MONTGOMEEY, GEOEGE L., Lansing. Capt. 28th Inf'y, Aug. 15, 1864. On detached 
service at muster out of regiment. 

MONTGOMEEY, EOBEET B., Aurelius. Entered service Mar. 26, 1864, as Pvt. Comp'y 
K, 7th Cav. Second Lt., 8th Cav., to rank from Jan. 27, 1864. First Lt., Dec. -31, 
1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MOODY, SAMUEL, Houghton. Capt. 27th Inf'y, Oct. 10, 1862. Maj., Dec. 17, ISfiS. 
Wounded in action at Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1864. Died June 20, 1864, of wounds 
received in action at Bothesda Church, Va., Juno 3, 1864. 

MOODY, WILLIAM J., Coldwator. Entered service July 6, 1861. Serg't Comp'y E, 1st 
liif'y, . Second Lt., July 15, 1665. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged July 9, 1865, 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 891 

MOON, SETH K., Otisco. Capt. 3d Inf'y, July 29, 1864. Mustered out Ap'l 10, 1866, 
and honorably discharged. 

MOON, EMERY P., Otisco. Entered service June 10, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 3d Inf'y, 

. Second Lt., July 2d, 1S64. V/ounded in action at Wilderness, Va., May — , 

18G4. First Lt., Nov. iS, 1864. Capt., Jan. 1, 1865. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 
1865, " for gallant and raeritorious service during the war." Mustered out May 25, 
18G6, and honorably discharged. 

MOON, EGBERT A., Big Rapids. First Lt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. Taken prisoner in 
action at Charleston, Va., Oct. 18, 1863. Mustered out Nov. 24, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

MOONEY, ROBERT, Greenville. First Lt. 21st Inf'y, July 30, 1862. Resigned Dec. 1, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

MOORE, DANIEL C, Lyons. First Lt. 9th Inf'y, Oct. 12, 1861. Capt., Sept. 22, 1662. 
Resigned May 14, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

MOORE, DANIEL M., Rome. Entered service Sept. 27, 1861. Serg't Comp'y D, 1st 

Eng's and Mech's, . First Lt., Sept. 1, 1863. Capt., Nov. 3, 1864. Mustered 

out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MOORE, EEMAN N., Grand Rapids. Second Lt. 8th Inf'y, Ap'l 21, 1862. First Lt., 
Sept. 1, 1862. Wounded in action at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862. Capt. 7th Cav., 
Nov. 26, 1862. Resigned June 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MOORE, JOHN S., Niles. Entered service May 25, 1861. Serg't Comp'y E, 2d Inf'y, 

. Second Lt., Aug. 9, 1862. First Lt., Feb. 24, 1863. Capt., July 30, 1863. 

Wounded in action July 30, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1864, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

ilOORE, MALCOLM M., Grand Rapids. Supernumerary Second Lt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 
"* 1862. Second Lt., Mar. 16, 1863. Taken prisoner at Charleston, Va., Oct. 18, 1863. 

Escaped Ap'l 1, 1865. First Lt., May 23, 1865. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, 
" for iiallant and meritorious service during the war." Mustered out as Second Lt., 
Nov. 24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MOORE, ORLANDO H.. Schoolcraft. Second Lt. 6th U. S. Inf'y, June 27, 1856. First 
Lt., M;ir. 2, 1861. Capt., May 26, 1861. Lt. Col. 13th Mich. Inf'y, Dec. 28, 1861. 
Re.signed Volunteer commit-sion, July 4, 1862. Col. 25th Mich. Inf'y, Aug. 18, 1862.. 
Bvt. Maj. U. S. A., July 4, 1863, " for gallant and meritorious serviceat Tebb's Bend, 
Ky." Bvt. Lt. Col. U. S. A., Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service 
during the war." Mustered out of volunteer service June 24, 1865. Maj. 6th U. S. 
Inf'y, June 8, 1874. Now in service. 

MOORE, WILLIAM C, Medina. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y K, 1st (3 
months) Inf'y. Wounded and taken prisoner at Bull Run, Va., July 21, 1861. Ex- 

chcuiged, . First Lt. 18th Inf'y, July 27, 1862. Capt., Nov. 24, 1862. Mustered 

out June 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MOORES, EMIL Detroit. First Lt. 2d Inf'y, Ap'l 25, 1861. Capt, Mar. 6, 1862. Re- 
signed Ap 1 19, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

MORAN, GILBERT J., Grosse Point. Entered service Oct. 23, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
B, 15th Inf'y. Second Lt., Jan. 1, 1863. Mustered out Jan. 4, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

MOREHOUSE, THOMAS B., Lansing. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862. Serg't Comp'y A, 

2(lth Inf'y, . First Lt., Oct. 24, 1864. Mustered out May 30, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

MOREHOUSE, JESSUP, Flint. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861, as Corp'l Comp'y A, 2d 
Cav. Dibcliaryed for disability May 5, 1863. Reentered service Sept. 13, 1863, as 
Serg't Comp'y D, 10th tav. Second Lt., Ap'l 13, 1864. First Lt., Feb. 18, lb65. 
Mustered outNov. 11, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MORELOCK, FRANK, St. Joseph. Entered service Aug. 14, 1862. Serg't Comp'y I, 

lath Int'y, . Second Lt., June 15, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably 

discharged June 10, 1865. 



893 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

MOREY, SAMUEL, Rome. Capt. 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1863. Resigned Mar. 15, 1864, and 
honorably discharged. 

MORGAN, JAMES S., Muslcegon. Second Lt. 17th Inf'y, June 17, 1862. First Lt., Feb. 
23, 1863. Capt., Oct. 19, 1863. Taken prisoner at Campbell's Station, Tenn., Nov. 

16, 1863. Released . Mustered out as First Lt. Jan. 8, 1865. Capt. 13th Inf'y, 

to rank from Nov. 28, 1864. Died May 31, 1865. 

MORRIS, SYLVESTER L., Dowagiac. Ass't Surg. 5th Cav., Sept. 8, 1863. Surg., Oct. 
23, 1863. Resigned July 28, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

MORRIS, THOMAS E., East Saginaw. First Lt. and Adjt. 16th Inf'y, Aug. 22, 1861. 
Maj. 15th Inf'y, Aug. 21, 1862. Resigned May 31, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

MORRISON, WALTER B., Grand Rapids. Entered service as Hosp'l Stew'd 3d Inf'y, 
June 10, 1861. Ass't Surg. Aug. 1, 1862. Resigned June 14, 1863, and honorably 
discharged. 

MORROW, HENRY A., Detroit. Pvt. Comp'y C, Watson's Regiment, D. C, and Mary- 
land Vol's, May 18, 1846. Discharged May 30, 1847. Col. 24th Inf'y, Aug. 15, 1862. 
Wounded in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863. Wounded in action at Wilder- 
ness, Va., May 5, 1864. Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, Aug. 1, 1864, "for gallant and 
distinguished sei'vice during the present campaign before Richmond, Va." Wounded 
in action at Petersburg, Va., Feb. 6, 1865. Bvt. Maj. Geu. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, 
"for distinguished and conspicuous gallantry and for good conduct before Peters- 
burg, Va." Mustered out July 19, 1885. Lt. Col. 36th U. S. Inf'y, July 28, 1866. 
Bvt. Col., Mar. 2, 1867, "for gallant and meritorious service in the battle of H.itcher's 
Run, Va., Feb. 6, 1865. Transferred to 13th U. S. Inf'y, Mar. 15, 1869. Col. 21st U. 

5. Inf'y, Ap'l 27, 1879. Now in service. 

MORSE, ALLEN B., Ionia. Entered service July 30, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y B, 16th 
Inf'y. First Lt. 21st Inf'y, Dec. 16, 1862. Adjt., Feb. 3, 1863. Wounded "in action 
at Mission Ridge, Tenn. Nov. 25. 1863, while on staff duty as Act'g Ass't Adjt. Geu., 
losing left arm. Resigned Sept. 1, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

MORSE, FRANK H., St. Clair. Entered service Nov. 1, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y H, 8th 
Cav. Second Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

MORSE, WILLIAM R., Flint. Capt. 2d Inf y, Ap'l 25, 1861. Wounded at Williamsl.urg 
Va., May 5, 1862. Resigned Aug. 22, 1863, to accept appointment in Vet. Reserve 
Corps. No further record. 

MORSE, WILLIAM B., St. Clair. Second Lt. 4th Inf'y, July 26, 1864. Resigned June 

6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MORSMAN, JOHN J., Coldwater. Entered service July 28, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y H, 
19th Inf'y. Second Lt., June 15, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged June 10, 1865. 

MORTHLAND, DAVID L., Ypsilanti. Entered service July 21, 1862. Serg't Comp'y D, 

17th Inf'y, . First Lt., May 26, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably 

dischaj-ged June 3, 1865. 

MORTON, RICHARD T., Constantino. First Lt. 2d Inf'y, Ap'l 25, 1861. Resigned Mar. 
6, 1862, and honorably discliarged. 

MORTON, ANDREW N., Chelsea. Entered service Aug. 4, 1862. Serg't Comp'y K, 2()th 
Infy, . Wounded in action May 12, 1864. Second Lt., May 17, 1865. Not mus- 
tered as an officer. Honorably discharged May 30, 1865. 

MORTON, JOHN, Ionia. Second Lt. 21st Inf'y, July 30, 1862. First Lt., Dec. 17, 18 ;2. 
Capt., Jan. 15, 1863. Resigned Sept. 24, 1863, and honorably discharged. Bvt. ..uij. 
'D. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service at the battles of 
Perry ville, Chaplin Hills, and Stone River, Tenn." 

MORTON, GEORGE, . Entered service Aug. 4, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y B, 2d U. S. 

S. S. Second Lt., Sept. 23, 1862. Not mustered as an officei". Date of discharge 
not known. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 893 

MOSHEE, JAMES P., Ann Arbor. Entered service Oct. 11, 1862, as Serg't Oomp'y K, 
2Gfch Inf'y. Second Lt., July 31, 1863. Honorably discharged for disability Dec. 2, 
1864. 

MOTHERSILL, PHILIP, Holly. Entered service Aug. U, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y A, 
5th Cav. Second Lt., July 3, 1863. Wounded in action at Yellow Tavern, Va., May 
11, 1864. Wounded in action at Hawes's Shop, Va., May 28, 1864. First Lt, Oct. 
28.1864. Capt., Feb. 1, 1865. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant 
and meritorious service during the war." Mustered out as First Lt., June 22, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

MOTT, JUDD M., Detroit. Capt. 1st Lancers, Sept. 30, 1861. Mustered out Mar. 20, 

1862. Capt. 16th Inf'y, to rank from Sept. 30, 1861. Wounded and taken prisoner at 
Gaines's Mill, Va., June 27, 1862. Released Aug. 12, 1862. Wounded in action at 
Middleburg, Va., June 21, 1863. Died June 28, 1863, of wounds received June 21, 1863. 

MOTTRAM, CHARLES V., Kalamazoo. Surg. 6th Inf'y, Aug. 19, 1861. Honorably dis- 
charged for disability, Dec. 23, 1864. 

MOULTON, GEORGE H., Coldwater. Second Lt. Batt. M, 1st Light Art., July 16, 

1863. Fii'St Lt., Oct. 26, 1863. Mustered out Aug. 1, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MOULTON. CHARLES, St. Joseph. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861. Serg't Comp'y B, 
6th Inf'y, . Second Lt., Oct. 1, 1863. First Lt., Aug. 23, 1864. Capt. Nov. 25, 

1864. Mustered out Aug. 20, 1865, and honoraibly discharged. 

MOWRY, JOSEPH E., Ann Arbor. Entered»service Aug. 11, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y F, 
20th Inf'y. Second Lt., Jan. 27, 1863. First Lt., Feb. 28, 1863. Resigned May 6, 

1865. and honorably discharged. 

MOYERS, GILBERT, Allegan. Capt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. Maj., Feb. 27, 1862. Lt. 
Col., Aug. 13, 1862. Resigned Deo. 2, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

MOYNAHAN, JAMES, Copper Harbor. Entered service Aug. 21, 1862. Serg't Comp'y 

C, 27th Inf'y, . Second Lt., May 6, 1864. Wounded in action at Spottsylvania, 

Va., May 12, 1864. First Lt., Dec. 10, 1864. Wounded in action near Petersburg, 
. Va., Ap'l 2, 1865. Capt., May 15, 1865. Mustered out July 26, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

MUDGE, MELVIN, Quincy. Capt. 11th Inf'y, Aug. 24, 1861. Lt. Col., Jan. 7, 1863. 
Mustered out Sept. 30, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

MUHLBURG, FRANC, Grand Rapids. Entered service June 10, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
C, 3d Infy. First Lt. oth Inf'y, Feb. 1, 1864. Wounded in action May 5, 1864. 
Wounded in action near Petersburg, Va., June 16, 1864. Mustered out July 5, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

MULFORD, WILLIAM J., Port Huron. Entered service Aug. 26, 1864. Serg't Maj., 

3d Inf'y, . Second Lt., Mar. 12. 1865. First Lt., Nov. 28, 1865. Mustered out 

as Second Lt., May 25, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

MULLEVEY, WILLIAM, St. Joseph, Mo. Second Lt. 1st Mich., or 102d U. S. Col'd 
Inf'y, Nov. 18, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MULLOY, JAMES, Livingston. Second Lt. 4th Inf'y, May 16, 1861. Resigned July 
29, 1861, and honorably discharged. 

MUMA, CHARLES A., Flint. Entered service Aug. 4, 1862. Serg't Maj. 23d Infy, . 

Second Lt., Mar. 8, 1864. Fkst Lt., Nov. 12. 1864. Mustered out June 28, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

MUMFORD, FREDERICK A., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 15,1861, as Serg't Comp'y 

I, 9th Inf'y. Serg't Maj., . Second Lt., Aug. 22, 1864. First Lt., Nov. 23, 

1864. Resigned Feb. 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MUNGER, HENRY C, Kalamazoo. Entered service Aug. 21, 1861. Serg't Comp'y L, 
1st Cav., . Second Lt., Mar. 10, 1865. Mustered out Mar. 10, 1866, and honor- 
ably discharged. 



€94 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

MUNGEE, GEORGE, Dundee. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861. Serg't Comp'y D, 7th 

Infy. . First Lt., Mar. 2, 1864. Taken prisoner in action at Ream's Station, 

Va., Aug. 25, 1864. Exclianged, . Capt., Oct. 5, 1864, Mustered out July 5, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

HUNGER, WILLIAM, Prairie Ronde. Entered service Nov. 6, 1861. Serg't Comp'y H, 

12th Infy, . Second Lt., Nov. 15, 1864. First Lt., May 31, 1865. Mustered 

out Feb. 15, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

MUNSON, JOHN, Decatur. Entered service Nov. 30, 1863. Serg't Comp'y K, 1st Cav., 
. Second Lt., Dec. 4, 1864. First Lt., Mar. 7, 1865. Mustered out Mar. 10, 

1866, and honorably discharged. 

MURCH, WILLIAM, Paw Paw. Entered service Sept. 6, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y G, 1st 
Eug's and Mech's. Discharged for disability Ap'l 21, 1862. Second Lt. 13th Infy, 
Jan. 11, 1864. Resigned May 26, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

MURDOCK, GEORGE W., Ann Arbor. Entered service Mar. 7, 1865. Hosp'l Stew'd 
15th Infy, . Ass't Surg., June 6, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 13, 1865, and honor- 
ably dischai'ged. 

MURDOCH, GEORGE H., Berrien Springs. Capt. 1st S. S., Oct. 1, 1863. Wounded in 
action near Petersburg. Va., June 17, 1864. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Dec. 2, 1864, "for 
gallant service at the Battle of Spottsylvania, Va., and during the present campaign 
before Richmond, Va." Resigned Dec. 6, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

MURPHY, EDWARD, Three Rivers. Capt. 11th Infy, Mar. 1, 1865. Resigned Aug. 12, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

MURPHY, ISAIAH C, Buchanan. Entered service Feb. 18, 1862. Serg't Comp'y C, 

12th Infy, . Second Lt., Jan. 7, 1865. Resigned June 7, 1865, and honorably 

discharged, 

MURPHY, PATRICK, Flint. Entered service Aug. 19, 1861. Serg't Comp'y C, 16th 
Infy, . Second Lt., July 7, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged July 8, 1865. 

MURPHY, SAMUEL F., Allegan. Entered service Aug. 11, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y L, 
4th Cav. Second Lt., Dec. 11, 1864. Mustered out July 1, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

MURRAY, CHARLES R., Birmingham. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861. Q. M. Serg't 
5th Infy, . Second Lt., Jan. 25, 1863. Honoi'ably discharged June — , 1864. 

MURRAY, SAMUEL D., Muskegon. Entered service June 10, 1861. Serg't Comp'y H, 

3d Infy, . First Lt. 5th Infy, June 10, 1864. Capt., Sept. 19, 1864. Honorably 

discharged for disability as First Lt., Jan. 10, 1865. 

MURRAY, CHESTER J., Marshall. Entered service Nov. 20, 1862. Serg't Maj. 8th 
Cav., . Capt. 1st Mich. (102d U. S.) Col'd Infy, Mar. 24, 1864. Honorably dis- 
charged Feb. 3, 1865. 

MYERS, JOSEPH W., Detroit. Entered service Nov. 10, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y D, 14th 
Infy. Second Lt., July 4, 1862. First Lt., May 30, 1863. Adjt., July 3, 1863. 
Capt., July 10, 1864. Mustered out July 18, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

MYERS, EDWARD, Lansing. Chap. 1st Three Months Infy, May 1, 1861. Mustered 
out Aug. 7, 1861, and honorably discharged. 

MYERS, JOHN M., CassopoUs. Entered service Autr. 9, 1862. Q. M. Serg't 19th Infy, 

. First Lt. and Q. M., June 15, 1865. Not mustei-ed as an ofhcGr. Honorably 

discharged June 10, 1865, 

MYERS, FREDERICK, Houghton. Capt. 27th Infy, Oct. 10, 1862. Wounded in action 
at Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1864. Maj., July 8, 1864. Honorably discharged for dis- 
abihty May 15, 1865. 

MYLER, WILLIAM H., Detroit. Entered service Aug, 13, 1861. Serg't Comp'y M, 1st 

Cav,, . Second Lt. Mar. 7, 1865. First Lt., July 10, 1865. Mustered out Mar. 

10, 1866, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. B95 

NAIRN, GEORGE K., Grand Rapids. First Lt. and Q. M. 3d Inf'y, July 29, 1864. Bvt. 
Capt. :ind Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service during 
the war." Mustered out May 25, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

NALL, HENRY W., Detroit. First Lt. 7th Inf'y, July 1, 1861. Capt., May 10, 1862. 
Maj. 24th Inf'y, July 26, 1862. Honorably discharged for disability Ap'l 17, 1863. 

NASH, GEORGE J., Volinia. Entered service Feb. 24, 1863. Serg't Batt. A, 1st Light 

An., . Second Lt., Mar. 6, 1865. Mustered out July 28, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

NASH, WILLIAM H., New York City. Capt. Comp'y K, 1st U. S. S. S., July 7, 1862. 

Taken prisoner in aciion, May 6, 1864. Exchanged, . Honorably discharged 

Mar. 14, 1865. 

NASH, ALFRED, Trenton. Ass't Surg. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Captured at second 
Bull Run, Aug. 30, 1862. Exchanged, , Surg. 9th Cav., Dec. 1, 1862. Honor- 
ably discharged for disability Dec. 12, 1864. 

NASH, ALBERT H„ Paw Paw. Second Lt. 4th Cav., Dec, 24, 1862. Resigned Feb, 17, 
1863, and honorably discharged. 

NASH, CHARLES P., Muskegon. Chap. 7th Cav., Sept. 6, 1863. Mustered out Dec, 
15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

NAVARRE, ALEX. T., Monroe. Entered service Jan. 26, 1864. Q. M. Serg't 7th Inf y. 

. First Lt. and Adjt., Nov. 4, 1864. Mustered out July 5, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

NEAL, CARLTON. Grand Rapids. Second Lt. 3d Inf'y, July 1, 1861. Second Lt. Batt, 
L, 1st Light Art., Nov, 3, 1862. Capt., Jan. 14, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 22, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

NEFF, WILLIAM, Monguagon. Second Lt. 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. Died at Knoxville, 
Tenn., Oct. 15, 1863. 

NEFF, CADY, Trenton. Second Lt. 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. Resigned Feb. 17, 1864, and 
honorably discharged. 

NEGUS, EDWARD L., Chelsea. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y D, 1st (3 
months; Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Serg't Comp'v B, 1st Cav., Aug. 30, 1861. ■ 
Second Lt., Sept. 7, 1862. First Lt., May 18, 1863. Capt.', Oct. 25, 1864. Mustered 
out Nov, 7, 1865, and honoiably discharged. 

NELLIS, JAMES J., Grand Rapids. Entered service Sept. 30, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y I, 
16th Inf y. First Lt., Aug. 3, 1864. Capt., July 7, 1865. Mustered out as First Lt., 
July 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

NELSON, DOUGLAS H., Isabella City. Entered service, . Serg't Comp'y M, Ist 

Eng's and Mech's, . Second Lt., Jan. 24,1863. First Lt., Dec. 8, 1863. Re- 
signed Mar. 11, 1864, an.l honorably discharged. 

NELSON, GEORGE, Otsego. Entered service Oct. 21, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y I, 13th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., June 13, 1863. Wounded in action at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 
19, 1863. Honorably discharged for disability, June 1, 1864. 

NELSON, THEODORE, Arcadia. Entered service July 30, 18!;2. as Serg't Comp'y D, 
26th Inf'y. Second Lt., Ap'l 15, 1863. First Lt., Ap'l 26, 1864. Capt,, Dec. 19, 1864. 
Mustered out June 4, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

NELSON, WARREN G., Pontiac. Entered service Nov. 5, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y H, 
10th Inf'y. First Lt., Feb. 24, 1865. Mustered out July 19, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

NELSON, WILBUR, Arcadia. Entered service Aug. 12, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y C, 8th 
Inf y. Second Lt., Jan. 1, 1863. Wounded in action at Campljcll's Station, Tenn,, 
Nov. 16, 1863. Resigned to take effect Nov. 13, 1863. Capt. 1st .Mich., or 102d U, 
S. Col'd Inf'y, Mar, 22, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

NELSON, WILLIAM H., Fentonville. Hosp'l Stewd U. S. Army, . Ass't Surg, lith 

Inf'y, Aug, 1, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 



896 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

NESTER, MATHIAS, Houghton. Entered service July 27, 1861. Serg't Comp'y I, 1st 
Inf'y, . Second Lt., July 15, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged July 9, 1865. 

NEVINS, WILLIAM S., Grand Eapids. Second Lt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 12, 1861. 
First Lt., Aug. 18, 1862. Capt., Jan. 1, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 26, 1864, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

KEVINS, HENRY M., Grand Rapids. Supernumerary Second Lt. 7th Cav., Jan. 1, 1863. 
Mustered out, date unknown. 

NEWBERRY, CHARLES W., Three Rivers. Entered service Ap'l 19, 1861, as Pvt. 
Comp'y G, 1st (3 months) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Second Lt. 11th Inf'y, 
Aug. 24, 1861. First Lt., June 24, 1862. Capt., Jan. 1,1863. Killed in action at 
Chickaraauga, Ga., Sept. 20, 1863. 

NEWBRE, GUY, Emmet. Second Lt. 1st S. S., Mar. 20, 1863. Honorably discharged 
for disability, Oct. 22, 1864. 

NEWCOMBE, GEORGE K., Owosso. Capt. 9th Inf'y, Oct. 12, 1861. Maj. 7th Cav., 
Dec. 10, 1862. Wounded in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 3, 1863. Resigned Oct. 
13, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

NEWCOMBE, ROLAND, B. C, Blissfield. Ass't Surg. 11th Inf'y, Mar. 1, 1865. Not 
mustered. 

NEWELL, GEORGE E., Flint. First Lt. 8th Inf'y, Sept. 21, 1861. Capt, Sept. 10, 1862. 
Resigned Mar. 10, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

NEWELL, MINOR S., Flushing. First Lt. and Q. M. 16th In'f'y, Aug. 9, 1861. Mus- 
tered out Sept. 7, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

NEWELL, CASTLE L., Clayton. Entered service July 29, 1862. Serg't Maj. 23d Inf'y, 
. Second Lt., Nov. 30, 1864. Mustered out June 28, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

NEWELL, CICERO, Ypsilanti. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y H, 1st (3 
months) Inf'y. First Lt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. Capt., Ap'll, 1862. Maj. 10th Cav., 
Aug. 19, 1862. Wounded in action at Clifton, Miss., Feb 10, 1863. Resigned Jan. 6, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

NEWKIRK, ROBERT R., Adrian. Second Lt. 4th Inf'y, July 26, 1864. First Lt, June 
28, 1865. Mustered out May 26, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

NEWMAN, JOSEPH J., Owosso. First Lt 7th Cav., Oct 15, 1862. Capt, July 31, 1864. 
Honorably discharged for disability Feb. 27, 1865. 

NEWMAN, GEORGE S., Detroit Entered service as Pvt. Comp'y F. 17th Inf'y, . 

Second Lt., Sept. 4, 1862. Wounded in action at South Mountain, Md., Sept. 14, 
1862. First Lt, May 13, 1863. Honorably discharged for disability June 30, 1864. 

NIBLACK, JAMES W., Hillsdale. Ass't Surg. 27th Inf'y, Dec. 15, 1863. Mustered out 
July 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

NICHERSON, ANDREW, Hastings. Entered service June 10, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y E, 
3d Inf'y. Second Lt, Aug. 5, 1862. First Lt., Oct 20, 1862. Capt., Nov. 1, 1863. 
Killed in action at the Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1864. 

NICHOLS, LEMUEL R., Oxford. Entered service Oct 23, 1863. Serg't Comp'y 0, Ist 

S. S., . First Lt, Nov. 20, 1864. Mustered out July 28, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

NICHOLS, H. WALTER, Ann Arbor. Entered service Oct 7, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y A, 
10th Inf'y. Second Lt, May 25, 1862. First Lt, Mar. 31, 1863. Mustered out Ap'l 
1, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

NICHOLS, JONAS H., Albion. Entered service Oct 21. 1861, as Serg't Comp'y D, 12th 
Inf'y. Second Lt, Mar. 19, 1864. First Lt, June 18, 1864. Capt, Feb. 15, 1865. 
Mustered out Feb. 15, 1866, and honorably discluuged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 897 

NICHOLS, ASAHEL W., Lansing. Capt. 1st S. S., May 8, 1863. Maj., Oct. 18, 1864. 
Lt. Col., Mar. 7, 1865. Wounded in action at Petersburg, Va., Ap'l 2, 1865. Bvt. 
Col. U. S. Vol's, Ap'l 2, 1865, " for conspicuous gallantry in the assault before Peters- 
burg, Va." Honorably discharged June 2, 1865. 

NICHOLS, FRANKLIN P., Ionia. Second Lt. 7th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862. Resigned July 
13, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

NICHOLSON, HARMON F., Joliet, 111. Second Lt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 18&1. Capt., June 
1, 1862. Maj., Mar. 1, 1861. Mustered out Aug. 17, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

NICHOLSON, PETER, Wayne. Entered service Nov. 17, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 14th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 4, 1863. Fu-st Lt., Mar. 14, 1865. Mustered out July 

18, i865, and honorably discharged. 

NIMS, FREDERICK A., Monroe. Entered service Aug. 22, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 0, 
5th Cav. Second Lt., Jan. 12, 1864. First Lt.. Mar. 7, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 22, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

NIMS, HANNIBAL H., Lexington. First Lt. 10th Inf'y, Oct. 1, 1861. Capt., July 5, 1862. 
Died Sept. 3, 1864, of wounds received in action at Jonesboro, Ga., Sept. 1, 1864. 

NIMOCKS, CHARLES A., Jonesville. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 0, 

7th Inf'y, . Second Lt., Jan. 1, 1863. Wounded in action at Gettysburg, Pa., 

July 3, 1863. First Lt., Oct. 2, 1863. Capt., Ap'l 7, 1864. Mustered out as First 
Lt. Oct. 5, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

NIXON, EDWARD S., Grand Rapids. Capt. 14th Inf'y, Nov. 18, 1861. Mustered out 
Jan. 17, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

NOBLE, WILLIAM R., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 27, 1862. Serg't Maj. 5th Cav., 

. Second Lt., Oct. 27, 1864. First Lt. and Adjt., Nov. 17. 1864. Bvt. Capt. U. 

S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service during the war." Mus- 
tered out June 22, 18G5, and honorably discharged. 

NOBLE, WILLIAM, Detroit Entered service May 25, 1861. Serg't Maj. 2d Inf'y, . 

Second Lt., Mar. 17, 1862. Fu;st Lt. and Adjt., Dec. 1, 1862. Killed in action at 
Knosville, Tenn., Nov. 24, 1863. 

NOLAN, MICHAEL, Mt. Clemens. Entered service Sept. 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y L, 
3d Cav. Second Lt., June 9, 1862. Honorably discharged Aug. 24, 1864. 

NORRIS, CLINTON F., Hillsdale. Entered service Aug. 1, 1862. Serg't Comp'y D, 18th 

lut'y, . Second Lt., Ap'l 23, 1865. Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

NORRIS, WILLIAM M., Coldwater. Entered service July 22, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y H, 
19th Inf'y. Second Lt., Dec. 1, 1863. Capt. Oct. 28, 1864. Resigned as Second Lt. 
Nov. 4, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

NORTH, WILLIAM O., Lapeer. Supernumerarv Second Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862, 
First Lt., Dec. 1, 1862. Capt., July 3, 1863. ' Killed in action near Winchester, Va.. 
Sept. 19, 1864. 

NORTH, CYRUS, Grand Rapids. Entered service Sept. 10, 1862. Serg't Comp'y P, 

6th Cav., . Second Lt., May 23, 1865. Transferred to 1st Cav., Nov. 17, 1865. 

Mustered out May 11, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

NORTH, MYRON T., Farmington. Entered service July 23, 1862. Serg't Comp'y A, 

22d Inf'y, . Second Lt., May 17, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably 

dischcUH-ed June 26, 1865, 

NORTHRUP, HENRY H., Flint. Chap. 13th Inf'y, Mar, 21, 1862. Resigned Oct. 26, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

NORTON, WARREN A., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 11, 1862, as Corp'l Comp'y H, 
24th Inf'y. Second Lt. 27th Inf'y, Nov. 10, 1862. First Lt., May 25, 1863. Capt., 
July 8, 1864. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Ap'l 1, 1865, "for conspicuous gallantry in the 
assault before Petersburg, Va." Mustered out July 26, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

113 



898 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 

NORTON, SEQUESTER K., Adrian. Entered service July 23, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
B, 18th Inf'y. Second Lt., Aug. 16, 1864. Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

NORTON, GEORGE W., Eaton Rapids. Entered service July 21, 1862. Serg't Comp'y 
G, 20th Inf'y, . First Lt., Nov. 4, 1864. Mustered out May 30, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

NORTON, EDWIN C, Detroit. Entered service Aug. 15, 1862, as Serg't Maj., 24th 
Inf'y. First Lt., Dec. 24, 1862. Wounded in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863. 
Capt., July 9, 1863. Taken prisoner at the Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864. Paroled 
Mar. — , 1865. Mustered out June 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

NORTON, ELLIOTT M., Way land. Entered service Nov. 21, 1862. Serg't Maj. 6th 

Cav., . Second Lt, July 1, 1864. First Lt. and Adjt., Jan. 4, 1865. Wounded 

by Indians, Sept. 4, 1865. Transferred to 1st Cav., Nov. 17, 1865. Mustered out 
Mar. 10, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

NORVELL, FREEMAN, Detroit. Capt. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Resigned June 14, 
1862. Maj. 5th Cav., Aug. 27, 1862. Lt. Col., Dec. 1, 1862. Col., Dec. 31, 1862. 
Resigned Feb. 27, 1863. Capt. and Ass't Adj't Gen. U. S. Vol's, May 8, 1863. 
Resigned May 10, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

NORVELL, EDWIN F., Detroit. Second Lt. 1st Cav., July 29, 1862. First Lt., Nov. 
12, 1862. Bvt. Capt. and Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritor- 
ious service daring the campaign of 1864 in the Shenandoah Valley, Va." Mustered 
out Ap'l 11, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

NORVELL, DALLAS, Detroit. First Lt. and Com. 5th Cav., Jan. 6, 1863. Honorably 
discharged for disability Oct. 10, 1863. 

NORVELL, JOHN M., Detroit. Second Lt. 2d Inf'y, Ap'l 25, 1861. Capt. and Ass't 
Adjt. Gen. U. S. Vol's, Aug. 30, 1861. Maj., Aug. 22, 1862. Bvt. Lt. Col., U. S. 
Vol's, Ap'l 9, 1865, "for meritorious service in the recent campaign terminat- 
ing with the surrender of the insurgent army under Gen. R. E. Lee." Resigned 
June 21, 1865. First Lt. 31st U. S. Inf'y, July 28, 1866. Bvt. Capt. and Maj., Mar. 
2, 1867, "for gallant and meritorious service in the battles of Gettysburg, and Wil- 
derness." Unassigned May 15, 1869. Assigned to 12th Inf'y, Jan. 1, 1871. Capt., 
Jan. 31, 1874. Now in service. 

NORVELL, ALFRED 0., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 12, 1862, as Com. Serg't 23d 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Oct. 19, 1862. Resigned Mar. 7, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

NORVILLE, HENRY C. Saginaw City. Capt. 23d Inf'y, Aug. 1, 1862. Died of disease 
Oct. 3, 1862. 

NOTEMAN, DAVID, Coldwater. First Lt., 8th Cav., Nov. 1, 1862. Resigned for dis- 
ability June 21, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

NOYES, KIRKE W., West Haven. Entered service Dec. 27, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y D, 
1st S. S. Wounded in action at Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864. First Lt., July 
15, 1864. Wounded ua action at Petersburg, Va., July 30, 1864. Wounded and 
taken prisoner in action at Peebles's Farm, Va., Sept. 30, 1864. Paroled Feb. 22, 

1865. Exchanged . Capt.. Ap'l 11, 1865. Mustered out as First Lt., July 28, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

NUGENT, EDWARD B., Saginaw. First Lt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. Capt., June 9, 
1862. Maj., Sept. 22, 1864. Mustered out Feb. 12, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

NUHFER, ANDREW, Cleveland, 0. Entered service Aug. 15, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 

9th Inf'y, . Second Lt, Nov. 23, 1864. First Lt, July 15, 1865. Mustered out 

Sept. 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

NUNNELY, GEORGE, Mt. Clemens. Entered service Nov. 4, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
D, 8th Cav. Second Lt, May 14, 1864. Mustered out Sept 22, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

NUTE, JOSEPH R.. Milford. Entered service July 31, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y A, 22d 
Inf'y. Second Lt, June 7, 1864. Died in rebel prison at Millen, Ga., Oct. 8, 1864. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 899 

NYE, EDGAR A, Romeo. Entered service Sept. 12, 1861. Serg't Comp'y F, 8th Inf'y, 
. Second Lt., Ap'l 20, 1864. Killed in action at Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864.' 

NYE, ALBERT Mt. Clemens. First Lt. 9th Inf'y, Oct. 12, 1861. Capt., Dec. 10, 
1861. Died at Murfreesboro, Tenn., June 23, 1862. 

NYHAN, A. J., Bangor. Entered service Aug. 1, 1862, as Serg't Comn'y G, 19th Inf'y. 

Second Lt., June 1, 1864. Taken prisoner Oct. 27, 1864. 'Paroled . Resigned 

Ap'l 24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

OAKES, DAVID, Jr., Centreville. Capt. 11th Inf'y, Aug. 24, 1861. Died of disease at 
Murfreesboro, Tenn., Jan. 30, 1863. 

OAKLEY, CHARLES, Hillsdale. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 0, 7th 

Inf'y, . First Lt., Ap'l 3, 1864. Not mustered as an officer. Died at Milford, 

Va., May 25, 1864, of wounds received in action at North Anna River, Va., May 24, 1864, 

OAKLEY, FRANCIS M, York. Ass't Surg. 25th Inf'y, Sept. 1, 1862. Honorably dis- 
charged for disability Feb. 23, 1864. 

O'BRIEN, LYSTER M., Detroit. Second Lt. 27th Inf'y, Oct. 10, 1862. First Lt., Jan. 

29, 1864. Wounded in action at Petersburg, Va., June 17, 1864. Adjt., May 5, 1864. 
Capt., Nov. 17, 18d4. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's. Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritor- 
ious service before Petersburg, Va." Clustered out July 26, 1865. Second Lt. 16th 
U. S. Infy, May 11, 1866. Transferred to 25th U. S. Infy, Sept. 21, 1866. First Lt., 
Sept. 21, 1867. Unassigned Ap'l 26, 1869. Assigned to 17th Inf'y, Dec. 15, 1870. 
Capt., Mar. 22, 1879. Now in service. 

O'OALLAHAN, JOHN W., Detroit. Second Lt. 5th Infy, June 19, 1861. First Lt. and 
Adj't, A. ay 20, 1862. Capt., July 18, 1862. Resigned June 25, 1863, and honorably 
discharged. 

O'CONNOR, MAURICE, Detroit. Entered service Dec. 15, 1862. Serg't Comp'y D, 27lh 
Infy, . Second Lt., May 15, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged July 26, 1865. 

O'CONNOR, JOHN, St. Clair. Entered service July 11, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 1st 
Infy, . Second Lt., July 24, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged to take effect July 9, 1865. 

ODELL, HIRAM M, Detroit. Entered service Aug. 13, 1861, as Sergt Comp'y A, 1st 
Cav. Second Lt., May 18, 1863. Mustered out Sept. — , 1863, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

O'DONNELL, CHARLES W., Northville. Entered ser\iceAug. 14, 1862. Serg't Comp'y 

D, 5th Cav., . Second Lt., Nov. 16, 1864. First Lt., Ap'l 13, 1865. Mustered 

out as Second Lt. June 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

O'DONNELL, WILLIAM, Saginaw. First Lt. 5th Inf'y, June 19, 1861. Resigned Jan. 

30, 1862, to accept position as Capt. and Add'l Aid-de-camp to Gen. J. H. Lane. 
Discharged Mar. 21, 1862. Maj.- 26th Inf'y, Oct. 13, 1862. Died of disease at Ports- 
mouth, Va., May 14, 1863. 

O'DONNELL, MALACHI I., Detroit. Second Lt. 24th Inf'y, July 26, 1862. Capt., Dec. 
24, 1862. Killed in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863. 

O'DONOUGHUE, WILLOUGHBY, Albion. Ass't Surg. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 12, 
1861. Mustered out Oct. 26, 1864. Surg, same regiment, Nov. 3, 1864. Mustered 
out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

OHLS, HENRY J., Dowagiac. Entered service Aug. 8, 1862. Serg't Comp'y A, 19th 
Inf'y, . First Lt., May 8, 1865. Mustered out June 10, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

OLIPHANT, DAVID, Detroit. First Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. Capt., Dec. 3, 1862. 
Wounded in action at Brandy Station, Va., Oct. 13, 1863. Died June 4, 1864, of 
wounds received in action at Hawes's Shop, Va., May 28, 1864. 

OLIVE, ISAAC, Oxford. Entered service Nov. 16, 1861. Serg't Comp'v I. 14th Inf'y, 

. Second Lt., Mar. 14, 1865. First Lt., July 7, 1865. Mustered out July 18, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 



900 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

OLIVER, JOHN M., Monroe. First Lt. 4th Inf'y, May 16, 1861. Capt., Sept. 25, 1861. 
Col. 15th Inf'y, Jan. 15, 1862. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, Jan. 12, 1865. Bvt. Maj. Gen. 
U, S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for faithful and eflficient service during the war." Mus- 
tered out Aug, 24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

OECUTT, BENJAMIN F., Kalamazoo. Lt. Col. 25th Inf'y, Sept. 24, 1862. Mustered 
out June 24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

O'EIORDAN, CALLAHAN H., Detroit. Entered service May 28, 1861, as Serg't Batt. A, 
1st Light Art. Second Lt., Mar. 8, 1862. Discharged for disability, July 29, 1862. 
Capt. 13th Batt., Feb. 2, 1864. Resigned June 11, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

OEMSBY, ALBERT M., Kalamazoo. Entered service July 19, 1861. Serg't Comp'y K, 

Ist Inf'y, . Second Lt., July 15, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably 

discharged July 9, 1865. 

OSBORN, CHARLES Y., Owosso. Entered service Aug. 30, 1862. Serg't Maj. 5th Cav., 

. Second Lt., Aug. 18, 1863. First Lt., Nov. 2, 1863. Wounded in action at 

Hawes's Shop, Va., May 28, 1864. Capt., Aug. 9, 1864. Honorably discharged for 
disability, Sept. 28, 1864. Bvt. Capt. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, " for gallant and 
meritorious service during the war. " 

OSBORN, CHARLES A., North Newberg. Ass't Surg. 11th Cav., Aug. 27, 1863. Re- 
signed for disability, Nov. 16, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

OSBORN, WILLIAM L. M., Adrian. Second Lt. 11th Cav., Aug. 1, 1863. First Lt., 
Feb. 1, 1864. Transferred to 8th Cav. on consolidation, July 20, 1865. Mustered out 
Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

OSGOOD, GEORGE H., Grand Haven. Entered service Nov. 24, 1861, Q. M. Serg't 3d 

Cav., . Second Lt,, Nov. 1, 1862. FirstLt. and Q, M,, Dec. 13, 1862. Resigned 

Oct. 31, 1864, and honorably discharged, 

OTIS, NORMAN L„ Union City, Chap. 8th Cav., June 13, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 22, 
1855, and honorably discharged. 

O'TOOLE, P. WILLIAM, Mason, Ass't Surg, 3d Cav., Aug. 27, 1863. Resigned Jan. 
11, 1865, and honorably discharged, 

OTTMAR, JOSEPH, Manchester, Entered service June 16, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y A, 
17th Inf'y, First Lt., Oct. 22, 1864, Mustered out June 3, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged, 

OWEN, EDWARD T,, Detroit, Entered service Aug, 9, 1862, as Q. M. Serg't 4th Cav, 
Second Lt., Feb. 18, 1863. FirstLt., Mar, 31, 1863. Resigned Sept. 13, 1863, and 
honorably discharged, 

OWEN, JOHN R., Jackson. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y B, 1st (3 
months) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861, Serg't Comp'y C, 9th Inf'y, Sept. 9, 
1861. Second Lt., Ap'l 9, 1863. First Lt,, Aug. 22, 1864. Resigned Jan. 8, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

OWEN, WILLIAM A., Detroit, Capt. 24th Inf'y, July 26, 1862, Wounded in acti at 
Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, 1862. Honorably discharged for disability, M. 7, 
1863. 

OWEN, FRANK W., Adrian. Entered service Aug. 27, 1864. Serg't Comp'y D, 4thlnr>, 

, Second Lt., Oct. 24, 1865, Not mustered as an officer. Honorably discharged 

May 26, 1866. 

PACKARD, CASSIUS R., Morenci. Entered service Aug. 13, 1862, as Serg't Batt. I, 1st 
Light Art. Second Lt., Feb, 1, 1865, Mustered out July 14, 1865, and honorably 
discharged, 

PACKARD. NELSON J., Sturgis. Ass't Surg. 11th Inf'y, Oct, 28, 1862. Mustered out 
Sept. 30, 1864, and honorably discliarged, 

PACKARD, CHARLES F., Boston, Mass. Second Lt. 1st Mich., or 102d U. S, Col'd 
Inf'y, ^p'l 19,. 1865. Mustered out Oct. 18, 1865, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 901 

PACKER, EDWARD A., Jonesville. Entered service Dec. 11. 1862. Serg't Batt. L, Ist 
Light Art., . Second Lt., Sept. 26, 1864. Mustered out Aug. 22, 1865, and hon- 
orably disciiarged. 

PADDOCK, IRVING, Tiiree Oaks. Entered service Aug. 14, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y F, 
25th Inf'y. Second Lt., Nov. 1, 1864. First Lt., Nov. 2, 1864. Capt., May 8, 1865. 
Mustered out June 24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PADDOCK, BYRON D., Coldwater. Entered service Oct. 19, 1861, as Pvt. Batt. F, 1st 
Light Art, Second Lt., July 1, 1862. First Lt., Dec. 5, 1862. Capt., Sept. 1, 1863. 
Mustered out Ap'l 6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PAGE, JAMES, Lyons. Second Lt. 22d Inf'y, July 31, 1861. Resigned July 11, 1863, 
and honorably discharged. 

PAGE, JAMES M., Croton. Entered service Aug. 14, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y A, 6th 
Cav. Second Lt., May 23, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably discharged 
June 21, 1865. 

PAINE, WILLIAM H., Eaton Rapids. Ass't Surg. 20th Inf'y, July 29, 1862. Died Aug. 

5, 1863, on board steamer Westmoreland, Mississippi river. 

PAINE, WALDO W., Marquette. Capt. 29th Inf y, July 29, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 

6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PALMER, ALONZO B., Ann Arbor. Surg. 2d Inf'y, Ap'l 25, 1861. Resigned Sept. 23, 

1861. and honorably discharged. 

PALDI, ANGELO, Trenton. Maj. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Wounded in action at Brandy 
Station, Va.. Oct. 11, 1863. Wounded in action at Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1864. 
Mustered out Aug. 23, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

PALMER, CHARLES H., Niles. Entered service Oct. 20, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y K, 11th 
Cav. Second Lt., June 1, 1864. First Lt., July 20, 1865. Transferred to 8th Cav., 
on consolidation, July 20, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

PALMER, DAVID G., Jackson. First Lt. and Q. M. 1st S. S., Jan. 1, 1863. Resigned 
Jan. 16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PALMER, ELMORE, Ann Arbor. Ass't Surg. 29th Inf'y, July 30, 1864. Surg., Mar. 19, 
1865. Mustered out Sept. 6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PALMER, FRANK A., Jackson. Entered service Sept. 6, 1861. Serg't Maj. 9th Inf>, 

. Second Lt., Nov. 14, 1864. First Lt., Feb. 15, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 15, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

PALMER, JOHN A., Chelsea. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y D, 1st (3 
months) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug, 7, 1861. Serg't Comp'y E, 4th Cav., July 19, 

1862. Second Lt., June 27, 1863, First Lt., June 12, 1864. Mustered out July 1, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

PALMER, JOSEPH, Wright. Entered service Sept. 17, 1861. Serg't Comp'y C, 2d 
Cav., . First Lt., Oct. 22, 1864. Mustered out Aug. 17, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged, 

PALMER, LEVANT D., Hudson. Entered service May 25, 1861. Serg't Comp'y B, 2d 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., July 22, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out 

July 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PALMER, OSCAR, Hudson. Entered service Aug. 21, 1861, as Corp'l Comp'y C, 1st U. 

S. S. S. Transferred to 2d U. S. S. S., Nov. 4, 1861. Hosp'l Sfcew'd, . Ass't 

Surg., Jan. 20, 1864. No further record. 

PALMER, THEODORIC R., Kalamazoo.. Capt. 13th Inf'y, Oct. 3, 1861. Maj., Feb. 26, 

1863. Lt. Col., May 26, 1863. Mustered out Jan. 16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PALMER, THOMAS G., Kalamazoo. Entered service July 11, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 

1st Inf'y, . Second Lt., Nov. 1, 1862. Wounded in action at the Wilderness, Va.,1 

May 5, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 26, 1864, and honorably discharged. 



902 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

PALMER, WALTER A., Grand Rapids. Entered service Sept. 25, 1863. Q. M. Se.rg't 
lOtli Cav., . Second Lt., Oct. 19, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 11, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

PALMERLEE, HEMAN, Grand Rapids. Capt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 12, 1861, 
Resigned July 30, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

PAPST, RUDOLPH, Lexington. Entered service Oct. 25, 1861. Serg't Maj. 10th Infy, 

. Second Lt., Mar. 31, 1863. First Lt., Aug. 26, 1864. Adjt., Feb. 24, 1865. 

Capt., May 8, 1865. Mustered out July 31, 1865, and honorably dischai-ged. 

PARK, GEORGE W., Kalamazoo. First Lt. 2d Infy, Ap'l 25, 1861. Resigned , 1861, 

and honorably discharged. 

PARK, MARVIN A., Ypsilanti. Second Lt. 1st (3 months) Infy. May 1, 1861. Taken 
prisoner at Bull Run, Va., July 21, 1861. Exchanged . Mustered out Jan. 29,. 

1862, and honorably discharged. First Lt. and Q. M. 26th Infy, Sept. 8, 1862. Not 
mustered. 

PARK, JOSIAH B., Ovid. Capt. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Wounded in action at Win- 
chester, Va., Mar. 23, 1862. Maj. 4:th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. Lt. Col., Feb. 18, 1863. 
Resigned Nov. 26, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

PARKER, ALFORD A., Pontiac. Second Lt. 14th Infy, Nov. 18, 1861. First Lt., 
June 20, 1862. Resigned May 23, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

PARKER, N. AUGUSTUS, Ann Arbor. Entered service July 29. 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
D, 20th Infy- Wounded in action at Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864. First Lt., 
Sept. 10, 1864. Capt., Oct. 20, 1864. Mustered out May 30, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

PARKER, CHARLES A., Addison. Second Lt. 6th Cav., Feb. 3^ 1864. Resigned for 
disabiUty, Sept. 20, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

PARKER, SEWELL S., Monroe. Second Lt. 26th Infy, Sept. 1, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 
13, 1863. Capt., Oct. 12, 1863. Maj., 4th Infy, July 26, 1864. Mustered out May 
26, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

PARKER, SENTER S., Monroe. Entered service June 20, 1861. Com. Serg't 4th Infy, 
. Second Lt., July 26, 1864. Resigned Jan. 31, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PARKER, THOMAS J., Allej^an. Second Lt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 1862. First Lt, Feb. 
18, 1863. Resigned Dec. 21, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

PARKHURST, JOHN G., Coldwater. Lt, Col. 9th Infy, Sept. 10, 1861. Taken pris- 
oner at Murfreesboro, Tenn., July 13, 1862. Released Dec. 3, 1862. Col., Feb. 6, 

1863. Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, May 22, 1865, " for gallant, faiLhlul, and meritor- 
ious service." Mustered out Nov. 10, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PARR, HENRY C, Bellevue. Entered service Dec. 19, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y A, 8th 
Cav. Second Lt., June 21, 1864. Mustered out Sept 22, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

PARSONS, CHARLES B., Hillsdale. Second Lt. 4th Infy, May 16, 1861. First Lt., 
Sept. 1, 1861. Capt., July 1, 1862. Resigned Mar. 3, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

PARSONS, ADELBERT F., Brighton. Entered service Dec. 1, 1863. Serg't Maj. 1st 
Cav., . Second Lt., July 10, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably dis- 
charged Mar. 10, 1866. 

PARSONS, ORRIN, Saline. Entered service Sept. 25, 1861. Serg't Comp'v D, 3d Cav., 

. Second Lt., Oct. 15, 1862. First Lt., Oct. 24, 1864. Capt., Nov. 10, 1864. 

Mustered out Feb. 12, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

PARSONS, LOREN G., Kalaujazoo. Entered service Sept. 8, 1862. Serg't Comp'y L, 

6th Cav., . Second Lt., May 23, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably 

discharged Nov. 24, 1865. 

PARTRIDGE, BENJAMIN F., Bay City. Second Lt., 1st LaiK (>rs, Oct. 12, 1861. 
Mustered out iMiir. 20, 1862. First Lt. 16lh liify, to rank from Oct. 12, 1861. 
Wounded in action at Malvern Hill, Va., July 1, 1862. Capt., Ap'l 16, 1863. Wounded 



» 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 903 

in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863. Maj., June 1, 1864. "Wounded in action 
at Peebles's Farm, Va., Sept. 30, 1864. Lt. Col., Sept. 30, 1864. Bvt. Col. U. S. 
Vol's, Sept. 30, 1864, " for distinguished service at the battle of Peebles's Farm, Va. "^ 
Col., Dec. 17, 1864. Wounded' in action at Hatcher's Eun, Va., Feb. 6, 1865. 
Wounded in action at Quaker Eoad, Mar. 31, 1865. Bvt. Brig. Gen. TJ. S. Vol's, Mar. 
31, 1865, " for gallant conduct at the action at White Oak road, Va., Mar. 29, 1865." 
Mustered out July 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PATTEN, WILLIAM H., Detroit, First Lt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. Capt., May 12, 
1862. Wounded in action May 22, 1862. Honorably discharged for disability Aug. 
19, 1862, 

PATTEN, CHAELES H., Grand Eapids, First Lt. and Q. M., 6th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862. 
Eesigned for disability, Dec. 11, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

PATTEN, LOVINUS H., Prairie Eonde, Entered service Dec. 20, 1862, Corp'l Comp'y 

F, 8Lh Cav., . Second Lt., Sept. 12, 1864. First Lt., Dec, 1, 1864, Mustered 

out Sept, 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PATTEESON, STEPHEN, Galesburg. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861, Serg't Comp'y 

I, 7th Infy, . Second Lt., Oct. 5, 1864. First Lt,, to rank from Ap'l 20, 1864. 

Died of wounds received in a skirmish Mar. 29, 1865. 

PATTEESON, WILLIAM H., Houghton. Second Lt. 23d Infy, Aug, 1, 1862. First 
Lt., Feb. 13, 1863. Capt., Oct. 6, 1864. Mustered out June 28, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

PATTEESON, DAVID H., Grass Lake. Second Lt. 26th Infy, Sept. 1, 1862. First Lt., 
July 31, 1863, Q, M., Ap'l 6, 1864, Honorably discharged for disability, Dec, 22, 
1864. 

PATTEESON, JOHN Q., Ovid. Second Lt. 27th Infy, Dec. 20, 1863. First Lt., May 
5, 1864. Wounded in action near Petersburg, Va., June 18, 1864. Wounded in 
action near Petersburg, Va., Dec. 7, 1864. Honorably discharged for disability, Ap'l 
28, 1865. 

PATTEESON, ANDEEW J., Owosso. Capt, 29th Infy, July 29, 1864, Mustered out 
Sept, 6, 1865, and honorably discharged, 

PATTISON, HOLMES A., Colon. Chap. 11th Infy, Aug. 24, 1861. Mustered out Sept. 
30, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

PAXSON, EEASTUS B., Saginaw, Entered service Sept. 16, 1861, Serg't Maj. 10th 

Infy, , First Lt., Nov. 16. 1864, Capt,, May 20, 1865. Mustered out July 19, 

1865, and honorably discharged, 

PAYNE, SANDFOED D., St. Clair. Entered service Nov. 1, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y H, 
8th Cay. Second Lt., Dec. 31. 1864. First Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 
22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PAYSON, ALBEET L., Schoolcraft. Chap. 25th Infy, Sept. 11, 1862. Mustered out 
June 24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PEABODY, THOMAS H., Manchester. Entered service July 29, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
E, 4th Cav. Second Lt., Aug. 14, 1864. Mustered out July 1, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

PEAECE, SAMUEL, Pontiac. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861. Serg't Comp'y D, 5th 

Infy, . Second Lt., Sept. 20, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 21, 1863. Wounded in 

action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863. Killed in action at North Anna, Va., May 
24, 1864. 

PEAEL, LEWIS W., Benton. First Lt. 12th Infy, Oct. 10, 1861, . Capt., Sept. 1, 1862, 
Maj., June 10, 1865, Mustered out Feb, 15, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

PEAESON, HEEBEET B,, New Baltimore. Second Lt. 22d Infy, July 31, 1862. Ee- 
signed June 5, 1863, and honorably discharged, 

PEASE, PEEEY L., Detroit. Entered service July 7, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y A, 4th Cav, 
Second Lt., Jan. 28, 1864. First Lt., Aug. 14, 1864. Mustered out July 1, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 



904 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

PEASE, BENJAMIN F., Flint. Entered service Aug. 10, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 8th 
Inf y, . First Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out July 30, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

PEAVY, LYFOED, Marshall. First Lt. 1st Inf'y, Sept. 15, 1861. Died of disease at 
Baltimore, Md., Nov. 30, 1861. 

PECK, ARVINE, LoweU. Capt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2. 1861. Resigned Ap'l 29, 1862, and 
honorably discharged. 

PECK, CARLTON, Albion. Entered service Aug. 30, 1862. Serg't Comp'y I, 1st Eng's 
and Mech's, . Second Lt., Nov. 31, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

PECK, ABIJAH W., Muskegon. First Lt. 3d Inf'y, July 29, 1864. Resigned May 19, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

PEEL, HENRY A., Detroit. Capt. 15th Inf'y, Jan. 1, 1862. Resigned May 5, 1862, and 
honorably discharged. 

PEET, WILLIAM R., Coldwater. Entered service May 28, 1861. Serg't Batt. A, 1st 

Light Art., . Second Lt., May 25, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered 

out July 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PELTON, SILAS M., Grand Rapids. Entered service June 10, 1861 as Pvt. Comp'y B, 
3d Inf'y. First Lt., Jan. 2, 1862. Missing in action at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, 
1862. Returned May — , 1863. Wounded in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863. 
Honorably discharged for disability Oct. 22, 1863. 

PELHAM, ABRAM, Galesburg. Second Lt. 13th Inf'y, Oct. 3, 1861. Fu:st Lt., July 4, 
1862. Mustered out Feb. 16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PENDILL, CORTEZ B., Prairieville. Entered service Aug. 29, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
K, 6th Cav. Second Lt., Mar. 16, 1863. Wounded in action at the Wilderness, Va., 
May 7, 1864. Capt., July 10, 1864, Not mustered. Resigned as Second Lt. on 
account of disability, Sept. 16, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

PENDLETON, DWIGHT B., Ann Arbor. Entered service Aug. 25, 1862. Com. Sergt 

5th Cav., . First Lt. and Com., Oct. 17, 1863. Taken prisoner in action at 

Trevillian Station, Va., June 11, 1864, Exchanged , 1865. Bvt. Capt. U. S. 

Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for meritorious service." Mustered out May 15, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

PENNELL, ELBERT H., Superior. Second Lt. 30th Inf'y, Nov. 28, 1864. Fu-st Lt.. 
iVlar. 16, 1865. Mustered out June 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PENNIMAN, GEORGE H., Marshall. Entered service Sept. 12, 1864. Serg't Maj. 28th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Dec. 10, 1864. First Lt., Sept. 12, 1865. Bvt. Capt. U. S. 

Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865. " for meritorious service at the battle of Nashville, Tenn., and 
Kinston, N. C." Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious 
service during the war." Mustered out June 5, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

PENNINGTON, JOHN, Henrietta. Entered service Nov. 15, 1861. Q. M. Serg't 12th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 18, 1864. Fu-st Lt., Jan. 20, 1865. Adjt., June 14, 

1865. Mustered out Feb. 15, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

PERCE, LE GRAND W., St. Joseph. First Lt. and Q. M. 6th Inf'y, Aug. 19, 1861. Capt., 
June 21, 1862. Capt. and Ass't Q. M. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 10, 1863. Mustered out Aug. 
4, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PERKINS, HORACE T., Muir. Entered service July 31, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y D, 21st 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Feb. 13, 1863. Mustered out June 8, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

PERKINS, HERMAN W., Corunna. Entered service Sept. 16, 1861. Hosp'l Stew'd 1st 

Eng's and Moch's, . FurstLt., Nov. 3, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and 

honorably discharged. 

PERKINS, ORLANDO S., St. Johns. Entered service Feb. 20, 1864. Serg't 1st Comp'y 

S. S. 27tli InL'y, . Second Lt. 2d Inf'y, Ap'l 19, 1864. Honorably discharged 

Doc. 28, 1864. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 905 

PERKINS, WILLIAM H., Detroit. First Lt. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 186L Capt., Aug. 23, 
1863. Mustered out Oct. 14, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

PERKINS, FRANKLIN, Ada. Entered service Aug. 29, 1861. Serg't Comp'v E, 2d Cav., 

. First Lt., Jan. 28, 1865. Capt., July 31,1865. Mustered out as First Lt., Aug. 

17, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PERKINS, MARTIN S., Coldwater. Second Lt. 11th Cav., Feb. 1, 1864. Fii-st Lt., Nov. 
14, 1864. Resigned June 18, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PERLEY, JAMES P., Kalamazoo. Entered service Sept. 15, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y E, 
13th Inf'y. Second Lt., June 16, 1862. Taken prisoner at Chicliamauga, Ga., 

Sept. 20, 1863. Released, . First Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Resigned as Second Lt., 

Ap'i 24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PEERIN, PORTER K., St. Johns. First Lt. 27th Inf'y, Dec. 20, 1863. Capt. 1st Inde- 
pendent Comp'y S. S., 27th Inf'y, Feb. 29, 1864. Maj. 2d Inf'y, Ap'l 1, 1864. Hon- 
orably discharged as Capt., Nov. 23, 1864. 

PERRINE, ISAAC, Je., Battle Creek. Entered service May 25, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 0, 

2d Inf'y, . First Lt., July 27, 1864. Capt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out July 28, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

PERROTT, WILLIAM B., Buchanan. First Lt. and Q. M. 12th Inf'y, Aug. 4, 1SC2. Died 
at Buchanan, Mich., Mar. 14, 1864. 

PERROTT, JOHN, Buchanan. Entered service Oct. 15, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y C, 12th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Mar. 19, 1864. Fii'st Lt., June 9, 1864. Resigned Jan. 20, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

PERRY, CHARLES P., Ypsilanti. Second Lt. 1st Inf'y, Aug. 17, 1861. Resigned Aug, 
6, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

PERRY, CHARLES R., Lowell. Ass't Surg. 21st Inf'y, Aug. 26, 1862. Resigned Feb. 
13, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

PERRY, GLEASON F., Flint. Entered service Dec. 17, 1861. Q. M. Serg't 10th Inf'y, 
. Second Lt., June 7, 1865. Mustered out July 19, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

PERRY, LEONARD E., Plainwell. Entered service Nov. 11, 1861. Serg't Comp'y B, 
13th Inf'y, . Second Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out July 25, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

PETTEE, HENRY H., Flint. First Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. Died at Detroit, Nov. 

10, 1863, from injuries received by fall from a horse. 

PEW, ALFRED, Grand Rapids. Entered service June 10, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y B, 3d 
Inf'y. Second Lt., May 21, 1862. First Lt., Oct. 20, 1862. Capt., Nov. 1, 1863. 
Mustered out June 20, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

PHEELY, WILLIAM, Grand Rapids. Entered service Sept. 30, 1861. Serg't Comp'y B, 

14th Inf'y, . Second Lt., July 5, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered 

out July 18, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PHELPS, JOSEPH, Algonac. Entered service Sept. 12, 1861. Serg't Comp'y E, 9th 
Inf'y, . Second Lt., Oct. 26, 1864. Resigned July 31, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

PHELPS, HORACE, Kalamazoo. Fu-st Lt. 13th Inf'y, Oct. 3, 1861. Resigned July 13, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

PHELPS, AUGUSTUS H., Monroe. First Lt. 15th Inf'y, Jan. 1, 1862. Resigned June 
20, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

PHELPS, RALPH Z., Lapeer. Second Lt. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Killed, accidentaUy, 
Mar. 31, 1862. 

PHETTEPLACE, ELHANAN C, Tuscola. Second Lt. 7th Inf'y, June 28, 1861. Capt., 
Sept. 2, 1862. Wounded in action at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862. Resigned May 

11, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

114 



906 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

PHETTEPLACE, LUCIUS, Coldwater. Entered service July 27, 1862, as Sergr't Comp'y 
H, lyth Inf'y. Captured Mar. 5, 1863. Exchanged Mav — , 1863. Second Lt., May 

I, 1863. Capt., Oct. 28, 1864. Mustered out June 10, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

PHILBEICK, BENSON, Hancoelc. Entered service Aug. 15, 1862. Serg't Comp'y B, 

27th Inf'y, . Second Lt., May 15, 1865. Not mustered as an oflficer. Mustered 

out July 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PHILLIPS, DAVID W,, Albion. Capt, 11th Cav., Aug, 1, 1863. Resigned Aug. 11, 1864, 
and honorably discharged, 

PHILLIPS, DELOS, Ypsilanti. Entered service Aug. 4, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y E, 17th 
Inf'y. Bvt. 2d Lt., Oct. 17, 1862, "for gallant conduct at Antietam." Second Lt., 
Dec. 6, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 4, 1863. Capt., Oct. 19, 1863. Taken prisoner at 
Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864. Escaped May 23, 1864. Lt. Col. 28th Inf y, Aug. 
15, 1864, Declined, Eesigned as Capt. 17th Inf'y, Oct. 22, 1864, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

PHILLIPS, GEORGE W., Saranac, Second Lt, 3d Inf'y, May 13, 1861. Eesigned July 
29, 1861, and honorably discharged, 

PHILLIPS, JOHN J., Vienna. Entered service Aug. 13, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y G, 8tb 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Jan. 1, 1863. Eesigned Dec. 15, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

PHILLIPS, TEAVEESE, Hastings. First Lt. 8th Inf'y, Aug. 29, 1861. Eesigned June 

II, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

PHILLIPS, WILLIAM B., Niles. Entered service Sept. 13, 1861. Serg't Maj. 3d Cav., 
, Second Lt,, Mar, 1, 1862, Died of disease at New Madrid, Mo., Mar. 25, 1802. 

PHILLIPS, WILLIAM W,, Adrian, Capt. 11th Inf'y, Aug. 24, 1861. Eesigned Feb. 19, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

PHILLIPS, WILLIAM W., Ypsilanti. Entered service Aug. 1, 1861. Serg't Maj. 14th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Mar. 30, 1863, Eesiged June 4, 1863, and honorably uis- 

charged, 

PHIPPEEY, SIDNEY, North Star, Entered service Aug, 12, 1862, Serg't Comp'y D, 

26th Inf'y, . First Lt., June 9, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out 

to take effect June 4, 1805, and honorably discharged. 

PICKET, ALBEET L., Laphamsville. Entered service Nov. 14, 1861. Serg't Batt. 
B, 1st Light Art., . Second Lt., Nov. 27, 1863. First Lt., Mar. 14, 1804. Ee- 
signed for disability Oct. 28, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

PIEECE, EDWIN S., Lyons, Capt. 3d Inf'y, May 13, 1861. Lt. Col., Jan. 1, 1863. 
Wounded in action at Chancellorsville, Va., May 3, 1863. Honorably discharged Jan. 
20, 1864. 

PIEECE, BYEON E., Grand Eapids. Capt. 3d Inf'y, May 13, 1861. Maj., Oct. 28, 1861. 
Lt. Col., July 25, 1862. Col., Jan. 1, 1863. Wounded in action at ChanceUorsville, 
Va., May 3, 1803. Wounded in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863. Wounded in 
action at Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, June 7, 1804. 
Wounded in action near Petersburg, Va., June 18, 1864. Bvt. Maj. Gen. U. S. Vol's, 
Ap'l 6, 1865, " for gallant service at the battle of Sailor's Creeli, Va." Mustered out 
Aug. 24, 1865, and honorably -discharged. 

PIEECE, CHAELES D., Hillsdale. Second Lt. 11th Inf'y, Mar. 1, 1865. First Lt., May 
31, 1805. Mustered out Sept. 16, 1805, and honorably discharged. 

PIEECE, SILAS K, Grand Eapids. Entered service Aug. 15, 1862. Serg't Comp'y H, 

4th Cav., . Second Lt., Feb. 25, 1864. Bvt. Capt. U. S. Vol's, July 22, 1865, 

"for distinguished service." Mustered out July 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PIEESON, AAEON P., Lapeer. Entered service in the 7th Inf'y band, Aug. 22, 1861. 
Discharged July — , 1802. Eetotered service Nov. 17, 1862. Serg't Comp'y H, 9th 

Cav., . Second Lt., Nov. 5, 1863. First Lt., Mar. 26, 1864. Taken prisoner in 

action Oct. 28, 1864. Exchanged, . Mustered out July 21, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 



90 r 



PIERSON, WAKNER H., Flint. Entered service Aug. 15, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 1st 
Cav.. . Second Lt., May 18, 1863. First Lt., June 14, 1864. Capt., Oct. 25, 

1864. Mustered out Nov. 7, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PIEESON, JOHN, Pontiac. Capt. 10th Inf'y, Oct. 1, 1861. Lt. Col. 109th U. S. Col'd 
Troops, Aug. 30, 1864. No further I'ecord. 

PIERSON, HIRAM B., Jackson. Second Lt. 10th Inf'y, Oct. 1, 1861. Resigned Nov. 
1, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

PIGNEY, JOHN, Eagle Biver. Entered service July 23, 1862, as Pvt. Comp'y A, 22d 
Inf'y. Discharged Ap'i 23, 1863. Capt. 30th Inf'y, Nov. 28, lS64. Besiyned June 5, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

PIKE, BOBINSON D., Bayfield, Wis., Second Lt. 1st Cav., Oct. 1, 1863. First Lt. 
and Q. M., Feb. 27, 1865. Mustered out Mar. 10, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

PILLSBUBY, THEODOBE, Hastings. Chap. 21st Inf'y, Aug. 29, 1862. Besigned Deo. 
15, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

PINKNEY, GEORGE, Wvandotte. Entered service Aug. 16, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y B, 
24th Inf'y. First Lt., Nov. 10, 1863. Died of accidental wounds, Aug. 15, 1864. 

PINCKNEY, CHABLES C, Adrian. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Corp'l 1st (3 
months) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Com. Serg't 1st Inf'y, Sept. 1, 1861. 
First Lt. and Q. M., Ap'l 16, 1862. Mustered out Sept. 26, 1864, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

PINCKNEY, HENBY J,, "Whitraore Lake. Entered service Sept. 17, 1861, as Serg't 
Comp'y G, 3d Cav. Second Lt., Dee. 20, 1862. First Lt., Aug. 13, 1863. Capt., 
Oct. 24, 1864. Mustered out Feb. 12, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

PINCKNEY, JAMES B., Whitmore Lake. Entered service Sept. 24, 1861. Serg't 
Comp'y G, 3d Cav., . Second Lt., Oct. 24, 1864. First Lt., Oct. 20, 1865. Mus- 
tered out Feb. 12, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

PIPEB, JOHN, Battle Creek. Capt. Western S. S., Nov. 9, 1861. Maj., 1st Mich. S. S., 
Nov. 24, 186^ Killed in action at Spottsylvania, Ya., May 12, 1864. 

PISTOBIOUS, Fred, Detroit. First Lt. and Adjt. 1st Cav., Feb. 20, 1864. Honorably 
discharged Sept. 11, 1864. 

PITKIN, EDWIN P., Ann Arbor. First Lt. 20th Inf'y, July 29, 1862. Adjt., Feb. 24, 
1863. Honorably discharged for disability, Nov. 28, 1863. 

PITTMAN, SAMUEL E., Detroit. First Lt. 1st Inf'y, Sept. 24, 1861. Detached as A. 

D. C. to Gen. A. S. WiUiams, . Capt. and Ass't Adjt. Gen. U. S. Vols., May 22, 

1863. Be^igned Sept. 7, 1864, and honorably discharged. Bvt. Maj. and Lt. Col., 
U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for meritorious service during the war." 

PLATT, GEOBGE, Bloomingdale. Entered service Sept. 10, 1864, as Serg't Comp'y H, 
28th Inf'y. Second Lt., Mar. 8, 1865. First Lt., Feb. 2, 1866. Mustered out June 
5, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

PLATT, HENBY S., Sturgis. Entered service Aug. 24, 1861, as Serg't Maj. 11th Inf'y. 
Second Lt., Mar. 12, 1862. First Lt., Dec. 10, 1862. Taken prisoner in action at 
Elk river, Tenn., July 1, 1863. Exchanged May 14, 1864. Capt., July 13, 1864. 
Mustered out Sept. 30, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

PLIMPTON, EMOBY M., Niles. Capt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 1862. Besigned Mar. 31, 

1863, and honorably discharged. 

PLOGABT, FBANK, Cold water. First Lt. 28th Inf'y, Aug. 15, 1864. Capt., Sept. 12, 
1865. Mustered out June 5, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

PLUMB, WILLIAM H., Adrian. Second Lt. 2d Inf'y, Dec. 4, 1861. Wounded in action 
at Bull Bun 2d, Va., Aug. 29, 1862. First Lt., Nov. 14, 1862. Besigned Aug. 3, 1863, 
and honorably discharged. 

PLUMMEB, DANIEL, Ontonagon. Capt., 27th Inf'y, Oct. 10, 1862. Besigned Ap'l 20, 

1864, and honorably discharged. 



«08 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

PLUMMER, JAMES, Detroit. First Lt. 27tli Inf'y, Ap'l i, 1863. Killed in action at 
Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1864. 

POE, ORLANDO M., Ohio. Cadet M. A. Sept. 1, 1852. Bvt. Second Lt. Topographical 
Eng's U. S. A., July 1, 1856. Second Lt., Oct. 7, 1856. First Lt., July 1, 1860. 
Col. 2d Mich. Inf v, Sept. 16, 1861. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, Nov. 29, 1862. Resigned 
as Col. 2d Mich., Feb. 16, 1863. Capt. Eng's U. S. A., Mar. 3, 1863. Appointmentof 
Brig. Gen. Vol's expired by constitutional limitation, Mar. 4, 1863. Bvt. Maj. U. S. 
A., July 6, 1864, "for gallant service at the siege of Knosville, Tenn," Chief 

Engineer Gen. Sherman's array, . Bvt. Lt. Col. U. S. A., Sept. 1, 1864, "for 

gallant service at the capture of Atlanta, Ga." Bvt. Col. U. S. A., Deo. 21, 1864, "for 
gallant service at the capture of Savannah, Ga." Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S. A., Mar. 13, 
1865, "for gallant and meritorious service in the campaign terminating with the fcu.- 
render of the insurgent army under Gen. J. E. Johnston." Maj. Eng's U. S. A., 
Mar. 7, 1867. Col. and Aid-de-camp to the General, Jan. 1, 1873. Nov/ in service. 

POMEROY, EDWARD, Jackson. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y B, 1st 
(3 months) Inf'y. First Lt. 1st Inf'y, Aug. 17, 1861. Capt., Jan. 16, 1862. KiUedin 
action at Bull Run, Va., Aug. 30, 1862. 

POMEROY, WILLIS B., St. Clair. First Lt. 5th Inf'y, June 19, 1861. Resigned Jan. 
27, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

POMEROY, AUGUSTUS, Salem. Entered service Aug. 8, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y C, 
24th Inf'y. Second Lt., Mar. 21, 1865. Mustered out June 30, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

POND, ALBERT C, Detroit. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Musician Comp'y A, 1st 

(3 months) Inf'y. Serg't Comp'y E, 9th Inf'y, Aug. 26, 1861. Serg't Maj., . 

Second Lt., June 23, 1862. First Lt., July 27, 1862. Capt., Sept. 20, 1864. Mus- 
tered out Sept. 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

POOLE, RANSOM F., Jackson. Entered service Aug. 21, 1861. Q. M. Serg't 1st Inf'y, 
. First Lt. and Q. M., Oct. 1, 1864. Resigned June 30, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

POPE, GRAHAM, Houghton. First Lt. 23d Inf'y, Aug. 1, 1862. Resigiifed Feb. 26, 1863, 
and honorably discharged. 

POPE, HORACE H., Allegan. First Lt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. Capt., June 11, 18G2. 

Taken prisoner at Corinth, Miss., Oct. 3, 1862. Exchanged, . Resigned Nov. 7, 

1864, and honorably discharged. 

PORTER, EDWIN H., Kalamazoo. First Lt. and Com. 4th Cav., Aug. 15, 1862. Re- 
signed Jan. 23, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

PORTER, BYRON R., Sharon. Entered service Aug. 7, 1862. Com. Serg't 20th Inf'y, 
. Second Lt., June 22, 1863. Resigned Ap'i 20, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

PORTER, BENJAMIN F., Grand Rapids. Second Lt. 8th Inf'y, Aug. 12, 1861. Fu'StLt., 
Ap'l 21, 1862. Capt. and Ass't Q. M. U. S. Vol's, May 14, 1862. Mustered out Sept. 
20, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PORTER, CALVIN C, Grand Rapids. Second Lt. 14th Inf'y, Nov. 18, 1861. Resigned 
Oct. 16, lb62, and honorably discharged. 

PORTER, FRANCIS, Parma. First Lt. 20th Inf'y, July 29, 1862. Capt., Jan. 9, 1863. 
Wounded in action at Knoxville, Tenn., Nov. 21, 1863. Wounded in action near 
Petersburg, Va., July 30, 1864. Maj., Dec. 20, 1864. Lt. Col., Mar. 11, 1865. Mus- 
tered out as Maj., May 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PORTMAN, JAMES G., Lyons. Chap. 9th Inf'y, Oct. 12, 1861. Resigned Fob. 17, 1802, 
and honorably discharged. 

POST, JARED L., Detroit. Entered service Oct. 18, 1861. Serg't Comp'y I, 1st Eng's 
and Mech's, . Second Lt, Nov. 3, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

POTTER, HENRY A., Ovid. Entered service Julv 28, 1802, as Scrii:'t Comp'y B, 4th 
Cav. Second Lt., Feb, 16, 1863. First Lt., Mar. 31, 1863. Capt., Aug. 1, 1864. 
Mustered out July 1, 1865, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 90& 

POTTEK, EDWAKD, Burchville. First Lt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. Wounded and taken 
prisoner at Falling Waters, Md., July 14, 1863. Exchanged Mar. 1, 1865. Honorably 
discharged May 15, 1865. 

POTTEE, LUCIEN B., Maple Grove. Entered service Aug. 2, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y I, 
" Merrill Horse." Second Lt., July 2, 1862, Wounded in action at Memphis, Mo., 
July 18, 1862. First Lt., Jan. 1, 1864. Capt., Nov. 17, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 19, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

POTTEE, JAMES J., Port Huron. Entered service Aug. 1, 1862. Serg't Maj. 22d Inf'y, 

. Second Lt., Oct. 11, 1863. Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honorably dis- 

charged. 

POTTEE, JOHN D., Alpena. Entered service Aug. 19, 1864. Serg't Comp'y K, 3d Inf'y, 

. Second Lt., Nov. 28, 1865. First Lt., Ap'i 10, 1866. Not mustered as an 

officer. JNIustered out May 25, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

POWELL, FEANK, Pontiac. Capt. 14th Inf'y, Nov. 18, 1861. Mustered out Feb. 13, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

POWEE, ALBEET L., Mt. Clemens. Entered service Aug. 15, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
I, 9th Inf'y. Second Lt., Oct. 16, 1863. Not mustered as an officer. Honorably 
discharged Nov. 17, 1864. 

POWEES, HAEVEY H., Boston. Ass't Surg. 27th Inf'y, Mar. 12, 1864. Surg." 3d Inf'y, 
Aug. 22, 1864. Eesigned May 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

POWEES, T. FEANK, Fentonville. Entered service Mar. 1, 1862. Serg't Comp'y K, 

16th Inf'y, . Second Lt., Nov. 3, 1862. First Lt., June 21, 1864. Capt., Aug. 

3, 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

POWEES, VOLNEY, Hillsdale. Second Lt. 1st Mich., or 102d U. S. Col'd Inf'y, . 

First Lt., May 6, 1865. Wounded in action near Bradford Springs, S. C, Ap'l 19, 
1865. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PEATT, CHAELES B., Marshall. Capt. 25th Inf'y, Aug. 10, 1862. Mustered out Aug. 
15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PEATT, CHAELES O., Niles. Entered service Sept. 4, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y A, 7th 
Cav. First Lt. and Adjt., Mar. 28, 1864. Capt., Dec. 12, 1865. Mustered out as 
Adjt., Dec. 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PEATT, EEASTUS A., Howell. First Lt. 15th Inf'y, Jan. 1, 1862. Capt., Oct. 1, 1862. 
Mustered out Dec. 24, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

PEATT, FOSTEE, Kalamazoo. Ass't Surg. 13th Inf'y, Dec. 19, 1861. Mustered out 
Jan. 16, 1865. Surg, same regiment Jan. 21, 1865. Mustered out July 25, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

PEATT, GILBEET E., Detroit. Capt. 8th Inf'y, Aug. 12, 1861. Taken prisoner in action 
June 16, 1862. Exchanged . Lt. Col, 23d Inf'y, Aug. 23, 1862. Killed, acci- 
dentally, Ap'l 6, 1863, at Nashville, Tenn. 

PEATT, JAMES H., Hillsdale. First Lt. and Q. M. 18th Inf'y, Aug. 2, 1862. Capt. and 
Ass't Q. M. U. S. Vol's, Feb. 19, 1863. Mustered out Jan. 8, 1866, and honorably dis- 
charj^ed. 

PEATT, JOHN M., Saranac. Capt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. Eesigned Feb. 7, 1863, and 

honorably discharged. 

PEATT, JOSEPH, Marquette. Entered service July 27, 1861. Corp'l Comp'y I, 1st 
luf'y, . Second Lt., Aug. 30, 1862. Honorably discharged Ap'l 27, 1863. 

PEATT, N. MINEE, Flint. Second Lt. 8th Inf'y, Aug. 12, 1861. First Lt. and Adjt., 
Nov. 15, 1861. Killed in action at Wilmington Island, Ga., Ap'l 16, 1862. 

PEATT, NEWELL, Greenville. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862. Com. Serg't 21st Infy, 
. Second Lt., June 11, 1864. Mustered out June 8, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 



^10 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

PEATT, EOLLIN A., Saginaw. Entered service July 15, 1861. Serg't Comp'y K, 1st 

lafy, . First Lt., May 30, 1865. Capt., July 15, 1865. Mustered out as 1st Lt. 

July 9, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PEATT, WILLIAM, Byron. Entered service Oct. 18, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 10th Inf y, 

. Second Lt., May 8, 1865. First Lt., May 20, 1865. Mustered out July 19, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

PEATT, WILLIA:.! A., Boston. Entered service Mar. 14, 1864. Serg't 2d Comp'y S. S., 

27th Inf y, . Second Lt. 27th Inf y, Ap'l 20, 1864. Wounded in action June 30 

and Aug. 21, 1864. Honorably discharged Dec. 1, 1864. 

PEALL, THEODOEE H., Pontiac. Second Lt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 12, 1861. 
First Lt., July 30, 1862. Eeslgned Jan. 30, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

PEENTISS, GEOEGE, Detroit. Second Lt. 16th Inf y, Aug. 9, 1861. First Lt., June 
27, 1862. Honorably discharged Jan. 19, 1863. 

PEENTISS, JEEOME J., Marshall. Entered service Aug. 30, 1862. Serg't Comp'y K, 

1st Eng's and Mech's, . Second Lt. Nov. 3, 1864.. First Lt., Nov. 23, 1864. 

Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PEESTON, SIMON B., Hudson. First Lt. 4th Infy, May 16, 1861. Taken prisoner July 

21, 1861. Exchanged, . Died June 30, 1862, of wounds received in action at 

Gahieb's Mill, Va., June 27, 1862. 

PEESTON, HEMAN, Howell. Entered service Sept. 6, 1862, as Serg't Maj. 26th Inf y. 
Second Lt., Mar. 30, 1863, Honorably discharged for disability, Dec. 3, 1863. 

PRESTON, ALMON E., Battle Creek. Capt. Comp'y L, Merrill Horse, Dec. 17, 1862. 
Eesigned Aug. 19, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

PEESTON, AECHIBALD S., Mt. Clemens. Entered service Aug. 15, 1861, as Pvt. 
Comp'y I, 9th Infy. Second Lt. 8th Cav., Aug. 31, 1863. Taken prisoner Aug. 4, 
1864, during Stoneman's raid. Exchanged May — , 1865. Mustered out July 20, 1865, 
on consolidation with 11th Cav., and honorably discharged. 

PEICE, JOHN E., Lansing. Capt. 3d Infy, May 10, 1861. Eesigned July 26, 1861, and 
honorably discharged. 

PEICE, CHAELES A., Lansing. Entered service June 10, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 3d 
Infy, . First Lt., May 1, 1864. Transferred to 5th Infy, June 10, 1864. Mus- 
tered out July 5, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PEINCE, AETHUE C, Grand Eapids. Entered service Aug. 12, 1861, as Sercj't Comp'y 
E, 21st Infy. Second Lt., Jan. 13, 1863. First Lt., Jan. 31, 1863. Capt., to rank 
from Jan. 13, 1863. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for very efficient serwce 
rendered in the recent campaigns." Mustered out June 8, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

PEITCHAED, BENJAMIN F., Eomeo. Chap. 5th Infy, Sept. 12, 1862. Discharged for 
disability, Dec. 5, 1863. Ee-commissioned June 10, 1864. Mustered out July 5, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

PEITCHAED, BENJAMIN D., Allegan. Capt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 1862. Wounded in 
action at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 18, 1863. Lt. Col., Nov. 26, 1864. Bvt. Brig. Gen. 
U. S. Vol's, Mar. 10, 1865, "for faithful and meritorious service in the capture of 
Jeff. Davis." Mustered out July 1, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PROBASCO, JACOB O., Lyons. Entered service Sept. 8, 1862. Serg't Comp'v E, 6th 

Cav., . Second Lt., Nov. 12, 1863. First Lt., May 19. 1864. Capt., Dec. 10, 

1864. Transferred to 1st Cav., Nov. 17, 1865. Mustered out Mar. 25, 1866, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

PROCTOR, ADONIJAH H., Bellevue. Entered service Sept. 24, 1864, as Serg't Comp'y 
K, 28th Infy. Second Lt., Nov. 12, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out 
June 5, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

PROUDFIT, GEORGE, Jackson. Capt. 8th Infy, Sept. 24, 1861. Resigned Deo. 3, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 



I 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 911 

PKUTZMAN, EDWARD M., Three Rivers. Entered service Sept. 11, 1862, as Serg't 
Maj. 25th Iiif'y. Second Lt., Feb. 6, 1863. First Lt. and Adjt., June 17, 1863. 
Killed in action at Resaca, Ga. May 14, 1864. 

PUGSLEY, JOHN S., Lafayette. Entered service Au^. 6, 1862. Q. M. Serg't 4th Cav., 

. First Lt. and Com., Jan. 23, 1864. Mustered out July 1, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

PULFORD, JOHN, Detroit. First Lt. 5th Infy, June 19, 1861. Capt., May 15, 1862. 
Wounded in action and taken prisoner at TVlalvern Hill, Va., July 1, 1862. Confined in 
Libby Prison. Exchanged July 18, 1862. Maj., Dec. 14, 1862. Wounded in action 
at Chancellorsviile, Va., May 3, 1863. Lt. Col., May 2, 1863. Wounded twice at 
Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863. Wounded at the Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864. Col., 
June 10, 1864. Wounded at Boynton Plank Road, Va., Oct. 27, 1864. Bvt. Brig. 
Gen. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for good conduct and meritorious service during the 
war." President's appointment reads, "for gallantry in action and eificiency in the 
line of duty." Mustered out July 5, 1865. Second Lt. 19th U. S. Infy, Feb. 23, 1866. 
• First Lt., Feb. 23, 1866. Transferred to 37th Infy, Sept. 21, 1866. Unassigned May 
19, 1869. Retired with the rank of Col. U. S. Army, Dec. 15, 1870, "for wounds 
received in line of duty while serving as a Colonel of Volunteers." 

PULLMAN, PASCALL A., Allegan. Entered service Aug. 4, 1862. Serg't Comp'y B, 

19th Infy, . Second Lt., May 25, 1864. Not mustered as an ofSeer. Killed in 

action near Atlanta, Ga., July 20, 1864. 

PULVER, ANDREW, Marquette. Entered service Aug. 23, 1861. Serg't Comp'y B, 1st 

Cav., . Second Lt., May 18, 1863. Killed in action at Trevillian Station, Va., 

June 12, 1864. 

PURDUE, JAMES, Plymouth. Entered service Sept. 13, 1861. Sergeant Comp'v F, 

16th Infy, . First Lt., June 21, 1864. Capt., July 7, 1865. Mustered out as 

First Lt., July 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PURDY, J. CURTISS, Jackson. Second Lt. 9th Infy, Oct. 12, 1861. First Lt., Mar. 25, 
1862. Taken prisoner at Murfreesboro, Tenn., July 13, 1862. Released Oct. 27, 1862. 
Capt., May 14, 1863. Mustered out Nov. 23, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

PURDY, STEPHEN P., Detroit. Capt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. Maj., Oct. 24, 1863, 
Honorably discharged for disability May 15, 1865. 

PURINTON, DAVID B., Coldwater. Capt. 28th Infy, Aug. 15, 1864. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, 
liar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service in the field, in the campaigns of 
Nashville and North Carolina," Mustered out June 5, 1866, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

PURINTON, ALFRED, Coldwater. Entered service Aug. 1, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y I, 
4lh Cav. Second Lt., Aug. 1, 1864. Bvt. 1st Lt. U. S. Vol's, May 10, 1865, " for 
meritorious service in the capture of Jeff Davis." Mustered out July 1, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

PUESEL, CHARLES G., Schoolcraft. Entered service Aug. 7, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
F, 19th Infy. Second Lt., May 15, 1864. First Lt., Oct. 4, 1864. Killed in action 
near Averysboro, N. C, Mar. 16, 1865. 

QUACKENBUSH, TEUNIS V., Whitmore Lake. Capt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. 
Wounded in action at Coffeeville, Miss., Dec. 5, 1862. Mustered out Oct. 24, 1864, 
and honorably discharged, 

^UACKENBUSH, JAY L., Owosso. Capt. 8th Infy, Sept. 5, 1861, Resigned Mar. 3, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

<1UACKENBUSH, MYNDERT W., Owosso. Maj. 14th Infy, Nov. 1, 1861. Lt. Col., 
Nov. 11, 1862. Resigned Mar. 25, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

QUACKENBUSH, LEWIS B,, Owosso. Capt. 5th Infy, June 19, 1861. Killed in action 
at Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, 1862. 

<3UACKENBUSH, JOHN W., Reading. First Lt. Hall's S. S., Sept, 13, 1864. Mus- 
tered out Mar. 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 



912 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

QUINN, FRANCIS, Niles. Col. 12th Inf'y, Nov. 18, 1861. Resigned Aug. 31, 1862, and 
honorably discharged. 

QUICK, REUBEN, Lowell. Entered service Aug. 11, 1862. Com. Serg't 26th Inf'y, 
. Second Lt., Ap'l 26, 1864. Honorably discharged for disability Jan. 2, 1865. 

QUIGLEY, JOHN. Detroit. First Lt,, 27th Inf'y, Oct. 10, 1862. Wounded in action at 
Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864. Capt., Dec. 10, 1864. Mustered out July 26, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

RADCLIFF, WILLIAM H., Houghton. Entered service Sept. 4, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
H, 3d Cav. Second Lt., Sept. 7, 1864. First Lt., Nov. 10, 1864. Mustered out Feb. 
12, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

RANDALL, ALBERT L., Tecumseh. Entered service Aug. 5, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
F, 26th Infy. Second Lt., May 15, 1863. First Lt. Sept. 14, 1864. Capt., June 9, 
1865. Mustered out as First Lt., June 4, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

RANDALL, JOHN R., Fayette. First Lt. 18th Infy, July 27, 1862. Capt., Feb. 8, 1863. 
Resigned Ap'l 16, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

RANDALL, LEWIS C, Marshall. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt, Comp'y H, 1st 
(3 months) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Serg't Comp'y H, 1st (3 years) Inf'y, 
Aug. 24, 1861. Second Lt., Aug. 30, 1862. Wounded in action Aug. 30, 1862. First 
Lt., Dec. 13, 1862. Wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863. Capt., Jan. 1, 1864. 
Killed in action at Laurel HUl, Va., May 10, 1864. 

RANDALL, SAMUEL C, Flint. First Lt. 23d Inf'y, Aug. 1, 1862. Capt., Ap'l 16, 1864. 
Mustered out as First Lt., Dec. 1, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

RANDALL, WILLIAM H., Pittsfield. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y H, 
1st (3 months) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Pvt. Comp'y D, 1st S. S. Nov. 15, 
1862. Second Lt., Oct. 3, 1863. Taken prisoner before Petersburg, Va., July 30, 
1864. Paroled Feb. 28, 1865. Capt., Ap'l 11, 1865. Mustered out July 28, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

RANDOLPH, JOHN M., Ann Arbor. Capt. 4th Inf'y, May 16, 1861. Maj., July 18, 1862. 
Mustered out on account of disability May 22, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

RANDOLPH, SMITH, Madison. Entered service Aug. 12, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y F, 4th 
Cav. Second Lt., Ap'l 23, 1863. First Lt., Jan. 28, 1864. Not mustered at First Lt, 
Died May 30, 1864, of wounds received in action at Kingston, Ga., May 18, 1864. 

RANKIN, ARTHUR M., Esses, Canada West. First Lt. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Re- 
signed Nov. 28, 1861, and honorably discharged, 

RANNEY, ALBERT B., Three Rivers. Entered service Aug. 15, 1862, as Hosi>'l Stew'd 
19th Inf'y. Ass't Surg., June 15, 1865. Not mustered as an ofBcer. Mustered out 
June 10, 1865, and honorably discharged, 

RANNEY, GEORGE E,, Charlotte, Entered service as Hosp'l Ste^Vd 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 
1861. Discharged for disability June 14, 1862. Ass't Surg. 2d Cav., June 6, 1863. Surg., 
Nov. 15, 1864. Mustered out June 9, 1865, to accept commission of sami^ date as 
Surg. 136 U. S, Col'd Inf'y. Mustered out Jan. 1, 18G6, and honorably discharged. 

EANSFORD, BYRON, Rochester. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y C, 
5th Infy. Second Lt., May 5, 1862. Died of disease at Georgetown, D. C, Sept. 
15, 1862. 

RANSOM, JOHN L., Jackson. Entered sei-vice Nov. 26, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y A, 9th 
Cav, Second Lt,, Aug, 9, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Prisoner of war. Es- 
caped, Sick in Mich. July 5, 1865. No further record. 

RANSOM, RUDOLPH, Flint. First Lt, 16th Inf'y, Aug, 9, 1861, Capt,, June 27, 1862. 
Killed in action at Bull Run, Va,, Aug. 30, 1862, 

RATH, CHRISTIAN, Jackson. Second Lt. 17th Inf'y, June 17, 1862, Wounded in action 
at Antletam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862. First Lt., Dec. 6, 1862. Capt., Aug. 4, 1863. 
Taken prisoner in action at Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864. Escaped ,May 12, 1864. 
Bvt. Maj. and Lt. Col. U. S. Vol's, July 8, 18G5, " for sp(xiiil ami efficient service during 
the conlinement, trial, and execution of conspirators." Honorably discharged July 19, 
1865, 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 913 

EATHBUN, GEOEGE H,, Adrian. Capt. 4th Inf'y, July 26, 1864, Mustered out May 
26, 1S66, and honorably discharged. 

EATHBUN, HUGO B., Grand Eapids. Entered sei-vice Sept. 11, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 

D, 2d Cav, . Fu-st Lt., Mar. 1, 1864. Mustered out Feb. 2, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

EAUSEE, JOHN G., Lodi. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y E, 1st (3 

months) Inf'y. Talien prisoner at Bull Eun, Va., July 21, 1861. Exchanged . 

Mustered out May 20, 1862. Ee-entered service Dec. 27, 1862. Serg't Batt. K, 1st 

K Light Art., . Second Lt., Ap'l 11, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered 

out July 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

EAWLINGSON, NEWELL H., Battle Creek. Second Lt. 11th Cav., Aug. 1, 1863. Ke- 
signed Nov. 14, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

EAYMOND, FEANCIS, Detroit. Entered service July 24, 1862. Com. Serg't 24th Inf'y, 

. First Lt. and Adjt. 1st Inf'y, Ap'l f, 1864. Wounded in action at Wilderness, 

Va., May 5, 1864. Capt., July 15, 1865. Mustered out as First Lt. and Adjt., July 
9, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

EAYMOND, HENEY S., Bay City. Capt. 23d Inf'y, Aug. 1, 1862. Lt. Col., Aug. 15, 
1864. Mustered out June 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

EAYMOND, MAHLON H., Grass Lake. Ass't Surg. 26th Inf'y, Sept. 6, 1862. Surg., 
Ap'l 20, 1863. Mustered out June 4, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

EEA, JOHN, Flint. Second Lt. 23d Inf'y, Aug. 1, 1862. Eeslgned Dec. 13, 1862, and 
honorably dischargetJ. 

EEDFIELD, THOMAS H., Detroit. Second Lt. 1st Cav., June 4, 1862. Wounded in 
action at Yellow Tavern, Va., May 11, 1864. First Lt., June 3, 1864. Capt., Oct. 26, 

1864. Mustered out Nov. 7, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

EEDFIELD, JAMES, Monroe. Entered service June 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y A, 4th 
Iiify. Second Lt., Nov. 1, 1861. First Lt., Jan. 1, 1862. Eesigned for disability, 
Sept. 13, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

EEDFIELD, BENJAMIN B., Orion. First Lt. 10th Infy, Oct. 1, 1861. Eesigned June 
2, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

EEDFIELD, ESLI E., Orion. Entered service Sept. 14, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y C, 10th 
Infy. First Lt., Sept. 3, 1804. Capt., May 20, 1865. Mustered out July 19, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

EEED, HIEAM, Mattawan. Entered service Nov. 12, 1861. Serg't Comp'y K, 13th 

Infy, . Second Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Ekst Lt., July 5, 1865. Mustered out July 

25, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

EEED, MYEON W., Hudson. First Lt. 18th Infj', July 27, 1862. Capt., Aug. 1, 1863. 
Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

EEED, GEOEGE, Forest. Second Lt. 29th Inf'y, July 29, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 6, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

EEESE, THEODOEE, Chicago, 111. First Lt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. Capt,, Ap'l 15, 
1862. Honorably discharged for disability Sept. 7, 1864. 

EEEVE, DAVID, Jackson. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y B, 1st (3 
months) Infy. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. First Lt. 12th Infy, Oct. 10, 1861. 
Capt., Nov. 11, 1863. Eesigned Aug. 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

EEEVE, SELAH V., Detroit. Second Lt. 2d Infy, Sept. 1, 1861. Not mustered. 

EEEVE, LOUIS, Detroit. Entered service Nov. 1, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 1st Cav, 

. Second Lt. Mar. 7, 1865. First Lt., Mar. 10, 1865. Eesigned July 10, 1865, 

and honorably discharged. 

EEEVE, HASBEOUCK, Detroit. First Lt. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Eesigned June 2, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

115 



914 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

REISDOEF, BENJAMIN, Monroe. Second St. 11th Inf'y, Aug. 24, 1861. First Lt. 
Mar. 12, 1862. Resigned Dec. 16, 1862, and honorably"dlscharged. 

EEMICK, ROYAL A., Detroit. Entered service July 20, 1862. Com. Serg't 23d Inf'y, 

. Second Lt., Oct. 6, 1864. First Lt., Nov. 25, 1864. Mustered out June 28, 

1865, and iionorably discliarged. 

REMINGTON, GEORGE W., Grand Rapids. Entered- service June 10, 1861, as Serg't 
Comp'y F, 3d Ini'y. Second Lt., Sept. 22, 1862. First Lt., Oct. 25, 1862. Adjt., 
Nov. 23, 1862. Mustered out June 20, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

REMINGTON, CHARLES W.. Kalamazoo. Entered service Nov. 26, 1862, Hosp'I 

Stev/'d 13th Infy, . Ass't Surg., Dec. 16, 1862. Resigned Jan. 25, 1864, and 

honorably discharged. 

REMINGTON, LEONARD C, Adrian, Entered service July 19, 1862. Serg't Comp'y 
F, 4th Cav., . Second Lt., Nov. 26, 1864. Mustered out July 1, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

REXFORD, JAMES P., Detroit. Supernumerary Second Lt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 1862. 
Second Lt., Mar. 18, 1863. First Lt., June 27, 1863. designed Mar. 28, 1864. First 
Lt. 8th Cav., June 16, 1«64. Capt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 25, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

REXFORD, WILLIAM H., Detroit. First Lt. 24th Inf'y, July 26, 1862. Capt., Dec. 13, 

1862. Wounded in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863. Honorably discharged 
for disability Nov. 21, 1863. Ordnance Storekeeper U. S. Army, May 16, 1865. Capt. 
and 0. S., July 28, 1866. Now in service. 

REYNOLDS, CHARLES 0., Lenawee. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y D, 
1st (3 months) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Reentered service Oct 1, 1861, as 
Serg't Comp'y K, 3d Cav. Second Lt., Nov. 17, 1864. First Lt., July 4, 1865. Mus- 
tered out Feb. 12, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

REYNOLDS, JAMES, Kalamazoo. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861. Sergt Comp'y K, 

7th Inf'y, . First Lt. , Oct. 5, 1864. Not mustered as an officer. Died iu rebel 

prison, Salisbuiy, N. C, Jan. 2, 1865. 

REYNOLDS, HERBERT M., Niles. Entered service Aug. 13, 1862. Com. Serg't 19th 
Inf'y, . Second Lt., July 27, 1863. First Lt., May 25, 1864. Honorably dis- 
charged as Second Lt. July 20, 1864. 

RHINES, LEVANT C, Battle Creek, Capt, 1st S, S,, Mar. 20, 1863. Maj., June 12, 
1864. Killed in action near Petersburg, Va., June 17, 1864, 

RHODES, JOSEPH. J., Detroit. First Lt. IstEng's and Mech's, Sept. 12, 1861. Capt., 
July 30, 1862. Maj., Nov. 3, 1864, Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

RICE, CHARLES L., Detroit, Entered service Sept. 16, 1861, as Serg't 1st Comp'y S. 
S., 16Lh luf y. Second Lt., Nov. 1, 1862. First Lt., Jan. 15, 1863, Honorably dis- 
charged for disability Aug. 14, 1863. 

RICE, CHARLES S., Southfield. Entered service Sept. 1, 1864, as Q. M. Serg't 4th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Oct. 24, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out May 
26, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

RICE, CHARLES P., Orion, Entered service Oct. 12, 1861, Serg't Comp'y A, 10th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 7, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out 

July 19, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

RICE, FRANCIS R., Detroit. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y A, 1st (3 
montlis; Inf'v. .MUistered out Aug. 7, 1861. Serg't Comp'y F, 1st (3 vtiars) Inf'y, 
Sept. 1, 1861. First Serg't, July 1, 1862. Second Lt., Aug. 30, 1862. First Lt., Nov. 
1, 1862. Wounded in action at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, 1862. Clustered out 
July 2, 1863. Second Lt. Vet. Reserve Corps, June 27, 1863. First Lt , Oct. 28, 

1863. Mu.-.tered out Nov. 21, 1866. Second Lt. 44th U. S. Inf'y, Julv 28, 1866, 
Regimental Q. M., Jan. 15, 1867, to May 27, 1869. Bvt. First Lt. and Capt., Mar. 2, 
186'7, "for gallant and meritorious service in the battle of Fiedericksburg, Va," 
First Lt., June 5, 1867. UnassigiK'd May 27, 1869. Retired Dec. 15, 1870, for loss of 
leg from wounds received in line of duty. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 915 

KICE, HOWARD M., Lapeer. Capt. 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. Maj., June 27, 1865. 
Mu&tered out as Capt. July 21, 1865, and honorably discharged, 

mCE, LANGDON B., Flint. Entered service Nov. 28, 1861. Serg't Comp'y I, 10th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., May 8, 1865. First Lt., May 20, 1865. Mustered out July 

19, 1865, and honorably discliarged. 

EICE, LEONARD C, Lansing. Entered service Aug. 1, 1862. Serg't Comp'y A, 20th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., May 17, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out 

May 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

EICHABY, RICHARD W., Hillsdale. Capt. 2d Inf'y, Ap'l 1, 1864. Wounded in action 
June 24, 1864. Lt. Col., Dec. 6, 1864. Honorably discharged for disability, Dec. 
14, 1864. 

RICHARDS, ALEXANDER, St. Johns. Entered service Mar. 21, 1864. Serg't Maj. 2d 
Cav., . First Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out July 28, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

BICHARDS, GEORGE R. ,' Ann Arbor. Ass't Surg, 7th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862. Trans- 
ferred to 1st Cav., Nov. 17, 1865. Mustered out Mar. 10, 18G6, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

RICHARDS, HORACE H., Paris. Second Lt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 
16, 1863. Resigned Ap'l 24, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

RICHARDS, HUGH, Tecumseh. Capt. 7th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862. Resigned June 1, 1863, 
and honorably discharged. 

RICHARDS, JOSEPH, Detroit. Entered service Mav 25, 1861. Q. M. Serg't, 2d Inf'y, 
. Second Lt., Feb, 24, 1863. Resigned for disabiUty Ap'l 19, 1864, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

RICHARDS, STEPHEN M., St. Clair. First Lt, 15th Inf'y, Jan. 1, 1862. Resigned 
Oct. 2, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

RICHARDS, WILLIAM V., Ann Arbor. First Lt. 1st Mich. Lancers, Nov. 1, 1861. 
Mustered out Mar. 20, 1862. First Lt. 17th Inf'v, July 2, 1862. Wounded in action 
at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 18G2. Capt., July 19" 1864. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Dec. 
2, 1864, " for gallant service during the war." Mustered out June 3, 1865. Second 
Lt., 11th U. S. Inf'y, May 11, 1866. Bvt. First Lt., Mar. 2, 1867, "for gallant and meri- 
torious service at the battle of South Mountain, Md." Bvt. Capt., Mar. 2, 1867, "for 
gaUant and meritorious service at the battle of Spottsylvania, Va." First Lt., June 
19, 1868. Regimental Adjt., Aug. 12, 1868, to Ap'l 14, 1869. Tran.sfer]-ed to 16th 
Inf'y, Ap'l 14, 1869. Regimental Q. M., Apl 14, 1869, to Aug. 1, 1874. Regimental 
Adjt., Aug. 1, 1874, to June 30, 1880. Regimental Q. M., July 1, 1880. Now in ser- 
vice. 

RICHARDSON, EDMUND, Adrian. First Lt. 26th Inf'y, Sept. 1, 1862, Capt., May 15, 
1863. Resigned Ap'l 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

RICHARDSON, HARPER S., Tuscola. Entered service Aug. 8, 1861, as Pvt, Comp'y E, 
7th Inf'y. First Lt. 27th Inf'v, Oct. 10, 1862. Wounded in action at Jackson, Miss., 
July 11, 1863. Died of wounds Jan. 25, 1864. 

RICHARDSON, ISRAEL B., Pontiac. Cadet M. A., , 1835. Bvt. Second Lt. 3d U. 

S. Inf'y, July 1, 1841. Second Lt., Sept. 30, 1841. First Lt., Sept. 21, 1846. Bvt. 
Capt., Aug. 20. 1847, "for gallant and meritorious conduct at Contreras and Churu- 
busco. " Bvt. Maj., Sept. 13, 1847, "for gallant and meritorious conduct at Chapul- 
tepec." Capt., Mar. 5, 1851. Resigned Sept. 30, 1855. Col. 2d Mich. Inf'y, Ap'l 25, 
1861. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, May 17, 1861. Maj. Gen. U. S. Vol's, July 4, 1862. Died 
Nov. 3, 1862, at Sharpsburg, Md., of wounds received in action at Antietam, Md., 
Sept. 17, 1862. 

RICHARDSON, JOHN H., Tuscola. Capt. 7th Inf'y, June 19, 1861. Maj., Mar. 27, 1862. 
Resiirned Dec. 30, 1862. Lt. Col. 27th Inf'y, Feb. 1, 1863. Honorably discharged for 
disabihty, Dec. 16, 1863. 

KICHARDSON, JOHN L., Tuscola. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y E, 
7th Inf'y. First Lt., Ap'l 15, 1862. Resigned Feb. 10, 1863, and honorably dis- 
charged. 



916 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

RICHARDSON, JOHN W., Jackson. Pvt., . Ass't Surg. 2l8t Inf'y. Aplll, 1865. 

Not mustered as an officer. Date of discharge unknown. 

RICHMAN, CHARLES H., Saginaw City. Capt. 10th Inf'y, Oct. 1, 1861. Mustered out 
Feb. 6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

RICHMOND, JACOB L., St. Clair. Entered service Oct. 17, 1861, as Serg't Batt. H, 1st 
Light Art. First Lt., Jan. 22, 1863. Capt., Aug. 8, 1863. Honorably discharged as 
First Lt., for disability, Jan. 8, 1864. 

RICHTER, GEORGE, Ann Arbor. Entered service Deo. 12, 1862, as Serg't Batt. K, let 
Light Art. Second Lt., Mar. 8, 1864. First Lt., Aug. 9, 1864. Mustered out July 
22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

RICKETTS, LUTHER B., Rockford, Ohio. Second Lt. 1st Mich., or 102d U. S. Col'd 
Inf'y, May 6, 1865. Mustei-ed out Sept. 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

RIDDLE, JAMES S., Hudson. Second Lt. 18th Inf'y, July 27, 1862. Resigned Jan. 31, 
1863, and honorably discharged. 

RIDER, ORAMEL L., Norvell. Ass't Surg. 20th Inf'y, July 29, 1862. Resigned May 23, 
1863, and honorably discharged. 

RIDLEY, MARK H., Orion. Entered service Sept. 14, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y C, 10th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., June 7, 1865. Mustered out July 19, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

RIDLON, JOHN M., Paw Paw. First Lt. and Q. M. 25th Inf'y, Aug. 27, 1862. On 
detached service at muster out of regiment, June 24, 1865. 

RIFORD, IRA B., Niles. Second Lt. 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. First Lt., Aug. 26, 1864. 
Resigned for disability as Second Lt., Jan. 17, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

RIGGS, HURLBUT, Scipio. Entered service Feb. 17, 1864, as Pvt. 2d Comp'y S. S. 27lh 
Inf'y. Second Lt. 2d Inf'y, Ap'l 1, 1864. Wounded in action July 17, 1864. Hunor- 
orably discharged for disability Oct. 4, 1864. 

RIGGS, JOHN H., Detroit. Second Lt. 8th Cav., Nov. 1, 1862. First Lt., Aug. 31, 1863. 
Capt., June 3, 1864. Taken prisoner during iStonemaii's raid, Aug. 2, 1864. Ex- 
changed . Mustered out July 20, 1865, on consolidation with 11th Cav., and hon- 
orably discharged. 

RIGGS, JOHN G., MiUington. Second Lt. 23d Inf'y, Aug. 1, 1862. Resigned Feb. 6, 
1863, and honorably discharged. 

RING, EDWARD H., Jackson. First Lt. and Adjt. 1st Inf'y, Aug. 17, 1861. Resigned 
June 24, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

RIPLEY, LAUREN H., Adrian. Entered sei-vice May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y K, 1st (3 
months) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Serg't Comp'y K, 4th Cav., Aug. 8, 
1862. Second Lt., Sept. 13, 1863. First Lt., Mar. 28, 1864. Mustered out July 1, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

RISDORPH, CHARLES H., Battle Creek. Entered service May 25, 1861. Serg't 

Comp y C, 2d Inf y, . Second Lt., July 22, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. 

Mustered out July 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

RITTER, PETER, Angola, Ind. Entered service Aug. 15, 1864. Serg't Comp'y F, 3d 
Inf'y, . Second Lt., Nov. 28, 1865. First Lt., to rank from June 30, 1865. Mus- 
tered out May 25, 1866, as Serg't, and honorably discharged. 

RITTER, CHARLES H., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861. Serg't Comp'y D, 5th 
Inf'y, . First Lt. and Adjt., Oct. 10, 1864. Mustered out July 5, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

RIX, THOMAS, Manchester. ^Second Lt. 1st (3 months) Inf'y, May 1, 1861. Mustered 
out Aug. 7, 1861, and honorably discharged. 

EIX, JOHN, Clinton. Entered service Aug. 15, 1862. Pvt. Comp'y B, 4th Cav., . 

Second Lt., Jan. 29, 1863. Mustered out July 1, 1865, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 917 

BOBAUGE, GEORGE, Erie. Second Lt. 17th Inf'y, Jan. 5, 1864. First Lt., July 19, 
1864. Mustered out June 3, lb65, and honorably dischareed. 

EOBBINS, EDWIN, Kalamazoo. First Lt. 11th Cav., Aug. 1, 1863. Resigned Nov. 9, 

1864, and honorably discharged. 

BOBBINS, RICHARD B, Adrian. Capt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13. 1862. Maj., Aug. 23, 1863. 
Wounded in action at Kingston, Ga., May 18, 1864. Bvt. Lt. Col. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 
13,1865, " for gallant and meritorious service in action at Kingston, Ga." Mustered 
out July 20, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ROBBINS, JEROME, Matherton. Entered service May 25, 1861. Hosp'l Stew'd 2d 

Inf'y, . Ass't Surg., Mar. 11, 1865. Mustered out July 28, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

ROBERTS, AMI M., Almont. Entered service Dec. 25, 1861. Serg't Comp'y F, 10th 

Inf'y, . First Lt. and Q. M., Dec. 31, 1864. Mustered out July 19, 1865, and 

honorably discliarged. 

ROBERTS, HORACE S., Detroit. Second Lt. Comp'y D., 1st Mich. Vol's, Mexican War, 
Oct. 30, 1847. Mustered out July 23, 1848. Capt. Thrive Months Inf'v, May 1, 1861. 
Lt. Col. 1st Inf'y, Aug. 10, 1861. Col., Ap'l 28, 1862. Wounded in action at Gaines's 
Mill, Va,, June 27, 1862. Killed in act i mi at Bull Run, Va., Aug. 30, 1862. 

ROBERTS, JAMES J., Monroe. Entered service Dec. 20, 1861. Serg't Comp'v G, 15th 
Jnfy, . First Lt., Nov. 1, 1864. Capt., June 6, 1865. Mustered out "Aug. 13, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

ROBERTS, JAMES B., Ionia. First Lt. 21st Inf'y, July 30, 1862. Resigned Ap'l 6, 1863. 
Capt. 10th Cav., July 25, 1863. Resigned Aug. 10, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ROBERTS, JOSEPH, Kalamazoo. Entered service May 25, 1861. Serg't Comp'v I, 2d 
Inf'y, . First Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out July 28, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

ROBERTS, MORRIS, Tecumseh. Entered service Aug. 11, 1862. Serg't Comp'y F, 
26th Inf'y, . Second Lt., Sept. 1, 1862. First Lt., May 15, 1863.' Died of dis- 
ease Sept. 14, 1864. 

ROBERTSON, CHARLES G., Waterford. Ass't Surg. 8th Cav., Mar. 12, 1863. Surg., 
Sept. 12, 1864. Taken prisoner at Sunshine Church, Ga., July 31, 1864. Released 
Sept. 3, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ROBERTSON, GEORGE W., Mt. Clemens. First Lt. 22d Inf'y, July 31, 1862. Taken 
prisoner at Chickamauga, Ga.^^Sept. 20, 1863. Paroled Mar. 1, 1865. Capt., to rank 
from Nov. 17, 1863. Musterea out June 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ROBERTSON, JAMES D., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 9, 1861. Serg't Maj. 1st Cav,, 

. First Lt., Nov. 12, 1862. Capt., Oct. 25, 1864. Mustered out Mar. 10, 1866, 

and honorably discharged. 

ROBERTSON, SAMUEL V., Hillsdale. Entered service Sept. 21, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
G, 2d Cav. Second Lt, May 2, 1863. First Lt., Mar. 1, 1864. Capt., Dec. 31, 1864, 
Mustered out Aug. 17, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ROBINS,#DWIN, Brockway. First Lt. Compy I, 1st U. S. S. S., May 25, 1864. Capt., 
Oct. 9, 1864. No further record. 

ROBINSON, CALEB W., Grand Rapids. Second Lt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. Honorably 
discharged Mar. 6, 1863. 

ROBINSON, CHARLES W., Eckford. Entered service Feb. 13, 1864 as Serg't Comp'y 
K, 4th Inf'y. Second Lt., Feb. 28, 1866. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out 
May 26, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

ROBINSON, ERASTUS D., Detroit. Capt. Provost Guard, Oct. 29, 1862. Mustered 
out July 28, 1864, and honorably discliarged. 

ROBINSON, ERASTUS R., Bhighampton, N. Y.. Entered service July 27, 1861, as Pvt. 
Comp'y I, 1st Int y. Second Lt., Ap'l 28, 1862. Fiist Lt., Aug. 30, 1862. Resigned 
July 19, 1864, and honorably discharged. 



918 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

EOBINSON, GEORGE, Detroit. Eutered service Sept. 15, 1861, as Serg:'t Batt. C, 1st 
Light Art. Second Lt., July 15, lfcit)2. Capt., Nov. 20, 1862. Mustered out l>ec. 18, 

1864, aud liouorably discharged. 

EOBINSON, GEOEGE W., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 12, 1861. Serg't Comp'y F, 

1st Cav. . Second Lt., Aug. 2, 1864. Not mustered as an officer. Killed in 

action Oct. 21, 1864. 

EOBINSON, HOLLAND F., Con vis. Entered service Aug. 6, 1862. Serg't Comp'y I, 

20th Inf'v, . First Lt., June 20, 1864. Capt., Nov. 4, 1864. Killed in front of 

Petersburg, Va., Feb. 14, 1865. 

EOBINSON, JAMES D., Grand Eapids. First Lt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 12, 1861. 
Capt., Dec. 26, 1862. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

EOBINSON, JOHN C, Binghampton, N. Y. Cadet M. A., July 1, 1885. Out of service 
Mar. 14, 1838. Second Lt. 5th U. S. Inf'y, Oct. 27, 1839. First Lt., June 18, 1846. 
Capt., Aug. 12, 1850. Col. 1st Mich. Inf'y, Sept. 1, 1861. Maj. 2d U. S. Inf'y, Feb. 
20, 1862. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, Ap'l 28, 1862. Bvt. Lt. Col. U. S. Army, July 1, 
1863, " for gallant and meritorious service in the battle of Gettysburg, Pa." Bvt. 
Col. U. S. Array, Mar. 5, 1864. "for gallant and meritorious service in the battle of 
the Wilderness," Va." Bvt. Maj. Gen. U. S. Vol's, June 27,1864, " for gallant and 
meritorious service in the field." Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S. xirmy, Mnv. 13. U'u5, "for 
gallant and meritorious service in the battle of Spottsylvania, Va." Bvt. Maj. Gen. 
IJ. S. Army, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service in the field during 
the war." Col. 43d U. S. Inf'y, July 28, 1866. Mustered out of volunteer service 
Sept. 1, 1866. Eetired with rank of Maj. Gen., May 6, 1869, for loss of left leg- 
from wounds received in line of duty. 

EOBINSON, JOHN, . First Lt. Comp'y I, Menill Horse, Aug. 20, 1861. Capt., 

June 25, 1863. Honorably discharged Sept. 21, 1864. 

EOBINSON, JOHN, Morris, 111. Entered service Sept. 12, 1861, afe Serg't Comp'y I, 2d 
Cav. Second Lt., Sept. 19, 1862. First Lt., May 27, 1863. Eesigned Oct. 7, 1864, 
and honorably discharged. 

EOBINSON, NELSON, Je., Eureka. Entered service Aug. 29, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y E, 
10th Cav. Second Lt., Jan. 6, 1865. First Lt., Aug. 3, 1865. MusteredoutNov.il, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

EOBINSON, EGBERT E., Grand Eapids. Second Lt. 21st Inf'y, July 30, 1862. First 
Lt., Feb. 3, 1863. Capt. to rank from Jan. 8, 1863. Mustered out June 8, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

EOBINSON, WESLEY L., W^aterloo. Second Lt. 20th Inf'y, July 29, 1862. Eesianed 
May 23, 1863, and honorably discharged. ""i 

EOBINSON, WILLIAM F., Jackson. Entered service June 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
H, 4Lh Inf'y. Second Lt. Dec. 12, 1861. First Lt., July 18, 1862. Capt., Jan. 27, 
1863. Wounded in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863. Eesigned May 1, 1864, 
and honorably discharged. 

EOCKAFELLOW^ BENJAMIN F., Lyons. Second Lt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. First 
Lt., Mar. 16, 1862. Capt., Mar. 17, 1864. Wounded in cxction at the Wilderness, Va., 
May 6, 1864. Transferred to 1st Cav., Sept. 17, 1865. Mustered out ilar. 10, 1866, 
and honorably discharged. ^ 

ROCKWELL, BYRON B., Niles. Second Lt. 12th Inf'y, Oct. 10, 1861. Capt., Sept. 3, 
1862. Eesigned Ap'l 12, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

EODIEE, ANTOINE D., Detioit. Enti>red service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y A, 1st 
(3 months) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Pvt. Comp'y D, 23d Inf'y, Aug. 12, 

18G2. Serg't Maj., . Second Lt., July 11, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. 

Mustered out June 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

EODGERS, WILLIAM F., Blissfield. Entered service Oct. 17, 1862, as Q. M. Serg't 
26th Inf'y. First Lt., and Q. M., Dec. 22, 1864. Mustered out June 4, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

EOE, WILLIAM B., Plymouth. First Lt. 16th Inf'y, Aug. 9, 1861. Capt, Nov. 3, 1862. 
Eesigned for disability. May 10, 1865, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 919 

EOEHM, ERNEST G., Detroit. Entered service July 1, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A. 1st 

Iiif y, . Wounded in action at Bull Run, Va., Aug. 30, 1862. Second Lt., May 

30, 1865. First Lt., July 15, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out July 
9, 1865, and iionorably discharged. 

ROGERS, CHARLES H., Plymouth. Entered service May 25, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 

H, 2d Iiify, . First Lt., Oct. 2, 1864. Capt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out July 

28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ROGERS, FORDYCE H., Pontiac. Second Lt. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Mustered out 
Sept. 11, 1862, as Batt. Adjt., and honorably discharged. 

ROGERS, HANSON H., Alpine. Entered service Aug. 16, 1862. Serg't Mo]. 5th Cav., 

^ . Wounded in action July 3, 1863. Second Lt., Feb. 5, 1864. First Lt., Mar. 7, 

H' 1865. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Jlar. 13, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious service dur- 

■ ing the war." Capt., Apl 13, 18G5. Mustered out June 22, 1865, and honorably dis- 

^ charged. 

ROGERS, HENRY A., Paw Paw. Entered service Sept. 17, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y C, 
3d Cav. Second Lt., July 12, 1862. First Lt., Dec. 11, 1862. Resigned Aug. 18, 
1863, and honorably discharged. 

ROGERS, HORACE B., Lansins:. Second Lt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. Honorably dis- 
M charged for disability, Sept. is, 1863. 

' ' ROGERS, JABEZ B., Battle Creek. Capt. Comp'y H, Merrill Horse, (2d Mo. Cav.) Aug. 
20, 1861. Maj., May ilS. 1863. Mustered out Dec. 18, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

ROGERS, JOHN, Tecumseh. Entered service June 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y G, 4th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., July 1, 1862. Resigned Feb. 11, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

ROGERS, OSCAR K, YpsUanti. Entered service Sept. 1, 1864. Q. M. Serg't 28th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Mar* 28, 1865. Mustered out Dec. 18, 1865, and honorably 

disuharged. 

RODGERS, PHILO W., Eaton Rapids. First Lt, 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. Died of 
disease at Evansville, Ind., May 17, 1862. 

ROGERS, WILLIAM, Camden. Second Lt. 28th Inf'y, Aug, 15, 1864. Resigned June 
8, 1865, and honorably discharged. * 

ROLLS, WILLIAM H., Trenton. Second Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. First Lt., Jan. 
1, 1863. Capt., Aug. 18, 1863. Resigned Jan^ 23, 1865, and honorably discharged. 
Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service during the 
war." 

ROOT, CHARLES D., Battle Creek. Second Lt., Comp'y L, Merrill Horse, (2d Mo. Cav.) 
Dec. 17, 1862. First Lt., June 27, 1863. Resigned June 20, 1864, and honorably 
discharged. 

ROOT, DANIEL S., Grand Rapids. Entered service June 10, 1861. as Serg't Cornp'y 
K, 3d Inf'y. Second Lt., Nov. 28, 1861. First Lt., July 1, 1862. Capt., Feb. 5, 
1863. Maj. 5th Inf'y, June 12, 1864. Lt. Col., Dec. 21, 1864. Mustered out Dec. 5, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

ROOT, ROLAND, Cpldwater. Second Lt. Batt. A, 1st Light Art., May 28, 1861, First 
Lt., Oct. 6, 1861. Resigned Nov. 17, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

ROOT, STEPHEN E., Burlington. Entered service Sept. 3, 1864, as Pvt. Comp'y E, 9th 
Inf'y. Chap., Nov. 17, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ROOT, SIMEON P., Somerset. Surg. 18th Inf'y, Aug. 7, 1862. Resigned Feb. 25, 1863, 
and honorably discharged. 

ROOT, WILLIAM E., Otisco. Entered service Sept. 10. 1861. Serg't Comp'y F, 2d 

Cav., . Second Lt., July 3, 1«65. First Lt., July 31, 1865. Not mustered as an 

officer. Mustered out Aug. 11, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ROSE, A. MORELL, Monroe. Second Lt. 4th Inf'y, May 16, 1861. First Lt., Sept. 25, 
1861, Capt., Jan. 1, 1882, Killed in action at Malvern Hill, Va., July 1, 1862. 



920 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

EOSE, CHAELES B., Westphalia. First Lt. 14tli Iiify, Nov. 18, 1861. Died of disease 
at Farmington, Miss., June 11, 1862. 

EOSE, GEOEGE W., Brighton. Entered service Aug. 27, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y I, 5th 
Infy. Second Lt., May 28, 1862. First Lt., July 22, 1862. "Capt., June 23, 1863. 
Died May 20, 1864, of wounds received in action at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864. 

EOSE, HAEVEY L., Detroit. Entered service Sept. 9, 1861. Serg't Comp'y F, 1st Infy, 
. Second Lt., May 30, 1865. First Lt., July 15, 1865. Not mustered as an offi- 
cer. Mustered out July 9, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

EOSE, PEESTON B., Ann Arbor. Ass't Surg. 5th Infy, Mar. 31, 1863. Wounded in 
action Oct. 27, 1864. Honorably discharged Ap'l 16, 1865, on account of ■wounds re- 
ceived in action, Oct. 27, 1864 (loss of leg). 

EOSEMAN, HAEMON, Montcalm. Entered service Sept. 3, 1861. Serg't Comp'y H, 8th 

Infy, . Second Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Not mustered as an officer-. Mustered out 

July 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

EOSS, DANIEL, Marshall. Entered service Aug. 30, 1862. Serg't Comp'y K, 1st Eng's 
and Mech's, . Second Lt., Nov. 3, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

EOSS, DUNCAN, Bowne. Entered service Sept. 20, 1861. Serg't Comp'y D, 2d Cav., 
. Second Lt., Oct. 7, 1864. First Lt., July 31, 1865. Not mustered as an offi- 
cer. Mustered out Aug. 17, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

EOSS, GEORGE A., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 13,1862. Serg't Comp'y F, 24th 

Infy, . First Lt., Ap'113, 1864. Capt., Oct. 17, 1864. Mustered out June 30, 

1865, and honorably discharged. ^ 

EOSS, JAMES, Houghton. Entered sei-vice Aug. 14, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y I, 23d Infy. 
Second Lt., Oct. 6, 1864. First Lt., July 11, 1865. Mustered out as Second Lt., 
June 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

EOSS, WILLIAM G., Exeter. Entered service Aug. 24, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y L Hth 
Infy. First Lt., July 13, 1864. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out Sept. 30, 
1864, and honorably discharged. 

EOSS, WILLIAM H., Detroit. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'v A, 1st (3 
months) Infy. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Capt. Batt. B, 1st Light Art., Jan. 2('i, 
1862. Taken prisoner in action at Shiloh, Tenn., Ap'l 6, lb62. Exchani>ed Nov. 19, 
1862. Maj. 1st Reg't Light Art., Sept. 3, 1863. Lt. Col., Nov. 18, 1864. Bvt. Col. 
U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for faithful and merilorious service during the recent 
campaigns." Mustered out July 29, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

EOSSITER, ALBERT C, Morris, 111. Entered service Sept. 4, 1861, as First Serg't Comp'y 
G, 11th Infy. Second Lt., July 20, 1862. Wounded in action at Mission Ridge, 
Tenn.. Nov. 25, 1863. Capt., Jan. 24, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1864, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

ROTH, WILLIAM F., Ann Arbor. Capt. 1st (3 months) Infy, May 1, 1861. Mustered 
out Aug. 7, 1861, and honorably discharged. 

EOUNDS, FRANCIS P., Ionia. Entered service Sept. 30, 1864, as Corp'l Comp'y F, 3d 
Infy. Second Lt., June 30, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out May 
25, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

EOUNDS, OLIVEE C, Niles. Capt. 9th Infy, Oct. 12, 1861. Taken prisoner at Mur- 
freesboro, Tenn., July 13, 1862. Released Oct. 12, 1862. Resigned Aug. 7, 1863, and 
honorably discharged. 

EOUSE, JONATHAN S., Hadley. Entered service Feb. 1, 1862, as Hosp'l Stow'd loth 
Infy. Ass't Surg. 14th Infy, June 4, 1863. Surg. 10th Infy, May 22, 1865. Mus- 
tered out July 19, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

EOW, SAMUEL H., Sharon. Entered service July 19, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y B, 20th 
Infy. Second Lt., Oct. 14, 1862. Fiist Lt., June 22, 1863. Eesi'gned Oct. 31, 1863, 
and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 931 

EOWDEN, PHILIP, Burr Oak. Chap. 1st Inf'y Aug. 25, 1863. Mustered out Sept. 
29, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

KOWE, AARON, Niles. Second Lt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 1862. Resigned Sept. 20, 1864, 
and honorably discharged. 

ROWE, GEORGE M., Saugatuck. Second Lt. 13th Inf'v, July 13, 1862. First Lt. , Feb. 
13, 1863. Capt., Mar. 9, 1864. Maj., July 5, 1865. Mustered out as Capt., July 25, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

EOWELL, GEORGE H., Battle Creek. Second Lt. Comp'y H, Merrill Horse, (2d Mo. 
Cav.) Aug. 20, 1861. First Lt., May 1, 1863. Capt., Sept. 1, 1863. Mustered out 
Sept. 19, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ROWLAND. ORAN W., Lawrence. Entered service Sept. 17, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y C, 
3d Cav. Second Lt., Ap'l 29, 1863. First Lt., Oct. 24, 1864. Capt., Nov. 17, 1864. 
Honorably discharged June 6, 1865. 

ROWLEY, MANLEY S. Niles. Entered service Nov. 10, 1861, as Serg't Maj., 12th Inf'y. 
First Lt. and Adj't 11th Cav., Sept. 1, 1863. Resigned June 1, 1864, and honorably 
discharged. 

ROWLEY, HENRY K., Adrian. Entered service Julv 24, 1862. as Serjr't Comp'y C, 18th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Nov. 7, 1862. First Lt., Aug. 1, 1863. Adjt., Ap'l 17, lb64. 
Mustered out June 26, 1665, and honorably discharged. 

ROYCE, JOHN M., Hamburg. Entered service Aug. 4, 1862, as Sergt Comp'y E, 26th 
Inf'y. Second Lt,, Ap'l 13, 1864. First Lt., Oct. 1, 1864. Capt., June 9, 1«G5. 
Mustered out as First Lt., June 4, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ROYCE, DAVID G., Burns. Capt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. Killed in action at Falling 
Waters, Md., July 14, 1863. 

ROYES, LESTER W., Adrian. Entered service Aug. 15, 1862, as Serg't Batt. I, 1st 
Light Art. First Lt., Jan. 21, 1864. Resigned Sept. 20, 1864, and honorably dis- 
discharged. 

ROYS, CYRUS D., Hudson. First Lt. Batt. L, 1st Light Art., Nov. 3, 1862. Resigned 
Feb. 14, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ROZELLE, DANIEL R., Hillsdale. Entered service Sept. 8, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y A, 
11th Cav. Second Lt., Oct. 29, 1864. Transferred to 8th Cav. on consolidation, July 
20, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

RUBY, JOHN, Plymouth. Entered service July 30, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y F, 16th Inf'y. 
Second Lt., July 1, 1862. Killed in action at Bull Run, Va., Aug. 30, 1862. 

EUDDIMAN, GEORGE, Muskegon. Wintered service June 13, 1863. Serg't C"mp'y F, 

2d Inf'y, . Second Lt., July 22, 1865. Not mustered as an oflQcer. Mustered 

out July 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

RUDDOCK, WILLIAM, Kimball. Second Lt. 1st S. S., Oct. 26, 1863. Wounded in 
action July 30, 1864. Honorably discharged for disability Nov. 25, 1864. 

RUEHLE, JOHN V.. Jk., Detroit. First Lt. 2d Inf'y, Ap'l 25, 1861. Capt., Sept. 22, 
1861. Resigned Ap'l 19, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

RUEHLE, MARTIN, East Saginaw. Entered service May 25, 1861. Serg't Comp'y H, 

2d Inf'y, . Second Lt., July 22, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Absent, 

wounded, on muster out of regiment. 

RUEHLE, JOHN V., Detroit. Maj. 1st Mich. Vol's, Mexican war, Oct. 18, 1847. Ahis- 
tered out July 23, 1848. Lt. Col. 16th Inf'y, Aug. 21, 1861. Resigned July 6, 1862, 
and honorably discharged. 

RUFF, JOSEPH, Albion. Entered service Dec. 17, 1861. Serg't Comp'y D, 12th Inf'y, 

. Second Lt., June 14, 1865. First Lt., Nov. 18, 1865. Mustered out as Second 

Lt., Feb. 15, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

RUGGLES, CHARLES H., Prauieville. Entered service Oct. 23, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 

A, 13th Inf'y, . Second Lt., Feb. 28, 1863. First Lt. and Q. M., Mar. 19, 1864. 

Mustered out July 25, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

116 



y^^ MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

KUNDELL, JAMES S., Niles. Ass't Surg. 12th Infy, Ap'l 25, 1862. Surg., Oct. 8, 18G2. 
Mustered out Oct. 12, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

RUNYAN, OSCAR v., Wayne. Entered service July 3, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 1st Inf y, 

. Second Lt., May 30, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out July 9, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

RUSSELL, ALBERT G., Hubbardston. First Lt. 21st Infy, July 30, 1862. Wounded 
in action at Stone River, Tenn., Dec. 31, 1862. Resigned Jan. 13, 1863, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

RUSSELL, BENTON T., Coldwater. Entered service Dec. 15, 1862, as Sera-'t Comp'y I, 
9th Cav.. Second Lt., Feb. 27, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out 
July 21, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

RUSSELL, CHARLES P., Pontiac. First Lt. 3d Infy, July 29, 1864. Capt., Nov. 28, 
1865. Mustered out as First Lt. May 25, 1866, and liouorably discharged. 

RUSSELL, GEORGE A., Girard. Entered service Aug. 6, 1862. Serg't Maj. 19th Infv, 

. First Lt., Oct. 28, 1864. Capt., May 8, 1865. Mustered out June 10, 1865,. 

and honorably discharged. 

RUSSELL, JAMES F., Battle Creek. Entered service Julv 5, 1861, as Serg't Comp'v G, 
1st Infy. First Lt., May 30, 1865. Capt., July 15, 1865. Mustered out as First Lt. 
July 9, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

RUSSELL, JESSE B., Woodstock. Entered service Mar. 2, 1864, as Pvt., unassigned, 
23d Infy. Chap. 23d Infy, Mar. 4, 1865. Mustered out June 28, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

RUSSELL, MARION C, Hastings. Second Lt. 21st Infy, July 30, 1862. First Lt.^ 
Jan. 17, 1863. Resigned as Second Lt., Feb. 25, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

RUSSELL, WILLIAM H., Adrian. Entered service May 29, 1862. Serg't Maj. 17th 
Infy, . First Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out June 3, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

RUSSEY, JAMES H., Niles. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y A, 6th 
Inf y. Second Lt., Ap'l 1, 1862. Wounded in action at Baton Rouge, La., Aug. 5,. 

1862. Resigned Dec. 18, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

RYAN, WILLIAM L., Muskegon. Second Lt. 3d Infy, May 13, 1861. First Lt., Oct. 
28, 1S61. Wounded at Groveton, Va., Aug. 29, 1862. Capt., Oct. 20, 1862. Resigned 
Mar. 24, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

SARIN, ALVIN N., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 15, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y E, 5th Cav. 
Second Lt., May 28, 1863. Wounded in action at Newby's Cross Roads, Va., July 24, 

1863. First Lt., Mar. 5, 1864. Wounded in action at "the Wilderness, Va., May 6, 

1864. Capt., Oct. 21, 1864. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and 
meritoi'ious service during the war." Mustered out June 22, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

SACKETT, JOHN, Port Huron. Second Lt. 22d Infy, July 31, 1862. First Lt., Dec. 15, 
1862. Died of disease, Jan. 1, 1863. 

SAFFORD, WINFIELD S., Plymouth. Second Lt. 24th Infy, July 26, 1862. First Lt.,. 
Dec. 13, 1862. Killed in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863. 

SAFFORD, BENJAMIN D., Plymouth. Entered service Aug. 15, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
E, 17th Infy. Second Lt., Feb. 23, 1863. First Lt., Sept. 14, 1863. Capt., May 12, 

1864. Talvcu prisoner at Spoltsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864. Released, . Bvt. 

Maj. U. S. Vol's, Ap'l 2, 1865. "for gallant and meritorious service before Petersburg, 
Va. " Mustered out June 3, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SAFFORD, CHARLES H.. Detroit. Second Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. First Lt.. June 

13,1863. Capt., July 15, 1864. Resigned Jan. 23, 1865, and honorably .iischarffod. 

Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service during 
the war." 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 9r3^ 

SAGE, DAVID B., Cannonsburg. Entered service Ana;. 13, 1862. Serg't Comp'v H. 21st 

Inf'y, . Fii'st Lt., Oct. 1, 1863. Mustered out June 8, 1865, and hononiblydis- 

charged. 

SAGE, JAMES A., Otisco. Entered service Aug. 8, 1862, as Serg't Conjpy B, 15th Inf'y. 
First Lt., Ap'l 7, 1864. Wounded in action near Atlanta, Ga., Aug. 6, 1864. Honor- 
ably discharged for disability, Nov. 30, 1864. 

SALTEE, CHAELES H., Detroit. Enterd service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'v A, 1st (3 
months) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Second Lt. 16th Infy, Aug. 9, 1861. 
First Lt., Aug. 30, 1862. Capt., Dec. 16, 1863. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Sept. 30, lS6i. 
" for gallant and distinguished service at the battle of Peebles's Farm, Va." Mus- 
tered out Jan. 13, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SAMPLE, DAVID, Trenton. Entered service Jan. 8, 1862. Serg't Comp'y E, 15th Inl'y, 
. Second Lt., June 6, 1865. Honorably discharged Aug. 14, I86u. 

SANBOEN, BENJAMIN F., Danby. Entered service Feb. 10, 1862. Sergt Comp'y F^ 
15th Infy, . Second Lt., June 6, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 13, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

SANBOEN, WILLIAM, Port Huron. Maj. 22d Inf'y, Aug. 8, 1862. Lt. Col., Jan. 5, 
1863. Wounded in action at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 20, 1863. Honorably dis- 
charged for disability, Juue 7, 1864. Bvt. Col. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865. "for con- 
spicuous gallantry at ihe battle of Chickamauga, Ga." Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S» 
Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, " for conspicuous gallantry and meritorious service during the 
war." 

SANBOEN, PETEE B., Port Huron. First Lt. Comp'y K, 1st U. S. S. S., Jan. 7, 1862. 
Honorably disciiarged for disability, Oct. 1, 1862. 

SANFOED, GEOEGE P., Ann Arbor. Capt. 1st Inf'y, Sept. 15, 1861. EesiOTed Mav 5, 

1862. Maj. and Paymaster U. S. Vol's, Sept. 19, 1864. Bvt. Lt. Col.' U. S. Vol's, 
June 21, 1865, " for faithful service in the Pay Department." Mustered out July 1, 
1866, and honorably discharged. 

SANGEE, JOSEPH P., Detroit. Second Lt. 1st f3 months) Inf'v, May 1, 1861. Second 
Lt. 1st U. S. Art., Aug. 5, 1861, First Lt., Oct. 26, 1«61. Bvt. Capt., May 28, 1864, 
"for gallant and meritorious service in action at Bermuda Hundred, Va." Bvt. Maj., 
Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service in the battle of Fussell's Mills, 
Va., Aug. 16, 1864." Eegimental Adjt., Jan. 31, 1866, to Feb. 13, 1868. Capt., Feb. 
7, 1875. Now in service. 

SAEGENT, EVEEETT D., Howell. Entered service Oct. 18, 1861. Serg't Comp'y K, 

9th Inf'y, . Wounded in action at Murfreesboro, Tenn., July 13, 1862. Second 

Lt., Nov. 23, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SAEGEANT, SILAS L., Chelsea. First Lt. 20th Inf'y, July 29, 1862. Resigned Feb. 28,^ 

1863, and honorably discharged. 

SAUNDEES, CHAELES H., Ecorse. Second Lt. 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. First Lt., Ap'l 
20, 1863. Eesigned Mar. 26, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

SAUNDEES, EDWIN, Saginaw City. Capt. 29th Inf'y, July 29, 1864. Mustered out 
Sept. 6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SAVAGE, JOHN E., Hudson. Entered sei-vice Dec. 24, 1863, as Pvt. Batt. I, 1st Liirht 
Art. Chap. 12th Inf'y, Mar. 19, 1864. Eesigned Aug. 16, 1864, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

SAVAGE, ISAAC O., Fairfield. Second Lt. 18th Inf'y, July 27, 1862. First Lt., Nov. 24, 
1862. Q. M., Aug. 16, 1864. Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SAVAGE, JAMES M., Dowagiac. Entered service Oct. 31, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 12th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Sept. 18, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out 

Feb. 15, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

SAVIEES, LEMUEL, Franklin. Entered service Aug. 21, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y C, 1st 
U. S. S. S. Second Lt., Oct. 18. 1861. Capt. 26th Inf'y, Sept. 1, 1862. Maj., May 
15, 1863. Lt. Col., Mar. 30, 1864. Wounded in four different places in action 
at Spottsylvaiiia, Va., May 12, 1864. Col., Sept. 12, 1864. Honorably discharged 
for di-^ability Sept. 27, 1864. 



924 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

SAVILLE, JAMES E., Ruby. Entered service Aug, 26, 1864, as Serg't Comp'y H, 3d 
Inf'y. Second Lt., May 12, 1865. First Lt., Nov. 28, 1865. Mustered out May 25, 
1866, and honorably discharged. 

SAVORY, STEPHEN P.. . Second Lt. Battery H, 1st Light Ait, Mar. 6, 1862. 

Resigned Mar. 7, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

SAWDY, HENRY J., Hudson. Entered service Aug. 18, 1862, as Serg't Batt. I, 1st Light 
Art. Fii-st Lt., Dec. 15, 1863. Resigned Mar. 6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SAWYER, DANIEL W., Quincy. Entered service Oct. 31, 1861. Serg't Batt. D, 1st 

Light Art., . Second Lt., Aug. 2, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 23, 1864. Mustered out 

Jan. 31, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SAYERS, JOHN H., Mason. Capt. 26th Inf'y, Sept. 1, 1862. Honorably discharged Jan. 
7, 1863. 

SAYLOR, THOMAS, Saginaw. Capt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. Maj., July 12, 1862. Col. 
29th Inf'y, July 29, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SOARRETT, JAMES J., Port Huron. Maj. 10th Inf'y, Nov. 20, 1861. Died of disease 
at Nashville, Tenn., Nov. 15, 1863. 

SCHEFFLER, CARL B., Jackson. Second Lt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. First Lt., June 
10, 1862. Capt., Oct. 17, 1864. Mustered out Feb. 12, 1866, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

SCHEFNIKER, JOSEPH, Saginav?. First Lt. 14th Inf'y, Nov. 18, 1861. Resigned Nov. 
16, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

SCHEICK, CARL, Marengo. Entered service Oct. 21, 1863. Serg't 14th Batt. I,ight 

Art., . Second Lt., Mar. 17, 1865. Mustered out July 1, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

SCHILL, ADOLPH, Detroit. First Lt. Batt. K, 1st Light Art, Feb. 21, 1863. Capt., 
Ap'l 11, 1865. Mustered out July 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SCHIMPF, CHARLES, Rockland. Entered service Aug. 13, 1862. Serg't Corap'v A, 
27Lh Inf'y, . Second Lt., May 15, 1865. Mustered out July 26, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

SCHNEIDER, FREDERICK, Detroit. Entered service , 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y A, 2d 

Inf'y. Serg't, May 25, 1861. Serg't Maj., May 14, 1864. First Lt., June 6, 1864. 
AVounded in action in front of Petersburg, Va., June 18, 1864. Capt;, July 30, 1864. 
Taken prisoner July 30, 1864. Escaped July 30, 1864. Wounded and taken prisoner 
in front of Petersburg, Va., Oct. 27, 1864. Exchanged Feb. 22, 1865. Lt. Col., Dec. 
18, 1864. CoL, Ap'l 17, 1865. Mustered out as Lt. Col., July 28, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

SCHOONMAKER, S. FRANKLIN, New York City. Chap. 7th Inf'y, May 8, 1863. Re- 
signed Sept. 24, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

SCHRAM, LA RUE, Burton. Capt. 29 thinf 'y, July 29, 1864. Honorably discharged for 
disability Mar. 22, 1865. 

SCHUETZ, JOHN C, Detroit. Entered service May 25, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y H. 2d 
Inf'y. Se(-ond Lt., Dec. 4, 1861. First Lt., Feb. 7, 1862. First Lt. Batt. K 1st 
Light Art., Nov. 21, 1862. Capt., Feb. 21, 1863. Maj. 1st Reg't Light Art., Ap'l 11, 
1865. Mustered out July 29, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SCHUYLER, PETER S., Grand Rapids. First Lt. and Adjt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. 
Capt., Ap'l 11, 1862. Taken prisoner at Perryville, Ky., Oct. 8. 1862. Exc.hang.'d 
June 1, 1863. Wounded in action at Mossy Creek, Tenn., Dec. 29, 1863. Resigned 
Sept. 23, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

SCOFIELD, THOMAS D., Lyons. Entered service Sept. 5, 1861, as Corp'l Comp'y D, 9th 

Inf'y. Discharged . First Lt. Ist Comp'y S. S., 27th Inf'y, Feb. 27, 1864. 

Taken prisoner at Petersburg, Va., July 30, 1864. Paroled Mar. — , 1865. Honorably 
discharged May 15, 1865. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 925 

SCOFIELD, REYNOLDS H., Lyons. Entered service Sept. 5, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 

D, yth Inf'y. Second Lt., Ap'l 21, 1862. First Lt., Jan. 17, 1863. Capt. 27th Inf'y, 
Ap'l 3, 1863. Resigned May 1, 1863. Capt. 1st Comp'y S. S., 27th Inf'y, Ap'l 1, 1864. 
Wounded in action near Petersburg, Va., July 30, 1864. Honorably discharged for 
disabUity Oct. 17, 1864. 

SCOLLAY, ABEL, Lexington. Entered service Aug. 11, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y K, 22d 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Dec. 6, 1862. Resigned June 17, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

SCOTT, WILLIAM M., Newark, N. J. Second Lt. 1st Mich., or 102d U. S. Col'd Inf'y, 
Nov. 15, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SCOTT, JAMES P., Grand Haven. Batt. Q. M. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. First Lt. and 
Regimental Q. M., Aug. 1, 1862. Mustered out Nov. 30, 1864, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

SCOTT, WILLIAM D., Greenville. Ass't Surg. 10th Cav., July 7, 1863. Mustered 
out Nov. 11, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SCOTT, ALEXANDER H., Schoolcraft. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861, as Serg't 
Comp'y C, 6th Inf'y. Discharged Aug. 13, 1863. Ass't Surg. 12th Inf'y, Oct. 10, 
1864. Mustered out Feb. 15, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

SCRANTON, LEONIDAS S., Grand Rapids. First Lt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. Capt., 
Ap'l 29, 1862. Maj., Oct. 26, 1862. Resigned Nov. 9, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

SEAGE, JOHN, White Pigeon. Chap. 4th Inf'y, July 20, 1862. Wounded June 8, 

1863, by guerrillas. Mustered out June 29, 1864. Chap. 4th Inf'y (reorganized), 
July 26, 1864. Mustered out May 26, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

SEAGE, R. WATSON, White Pigeon. Entered service June 20. 1861. Corp'l Comp'y 

E, 4th Inf'y, . Second Lt., Ap'l 1, 1863. Wounded in action at Gettysburg, Pa., 

July 2, 1863. Discharged Dec. 31, 1863. First Lt. and Q. M., 4th Inf'y, July 26, 

1864. Resigned Mar. 6, 1865, and honorably discharged. Bvt. Capt. U. S. Vol's, 
Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service during the war." 

SEAGER, SCHUYLER F., Lansing. Supernumerary Second Lt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 
1862. Second Lt., July 14, 1863. Honorably discharged as Supernumerary Second 
Lt., to date from June 1, 1863. 

SEARS, CHARLES F. Courtland Centre. Entered service Aug. 12, 1862. Serg't Comp'y 
H, 21st Inf'y, . First Lt., Jan. 22, 1864. Mustered out June 8, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

SEARS, WILLIAM W., Marshall. Entered service Sept. 2, 1864. Serg't Comp'y E, 28th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 14, 1865. Mustered out June 5, 1866, and honorably 

discharged. 

SEARS, HENRY W., Muskegon. First Lt. 10th Cav., July 25, 1863. Capt., Ap'l 1, 
1864. Maj., Sept. 2, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 11, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SEIGFRTED, FRANKLIN B., Mason. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
B, 7th Inf'y. Second Lt., Dec. 30, 1862. First Lt., May 1, 18(i3. Wounded in action 
at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863. Honorably discharged for disability Ap'l 20, 1864. 

SELFRIDGE, ROBERT F., Bruce. Entered service Aug. 22, 1862. Q. M. Sergt 22d 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Aug. 26, 1864. Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

SELFRIDGE, ROBERT 0., Tecumseh. First Lt. and Adjt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. 
Capt. and Ass't Adjt. Gen. U. S. Vol's, Ap'l 28, 1862. Maj. and Ass't Adjt. Gen. U. 
S. Vol's, July 14, 1862. Resigned Feb. 21, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SELINO, TALBERT, Saginaw City. Entered service Aug. 2, 1862. Com. Serg't 23d 

I„fy^ . Second Lt., Oct. 6, 1864. Fu'st Lt., Mar. 4, 1865. Mustered out June 

28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SELLON, WILLIAM R., Owosso. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861. Serg't Maj. 9th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Feb. 8, 1862. Fii'st Lt., Sept. 23, 1862. Lt. Col. 1st U. S. 

Col'd Troops, Aug. 17, 1863. No further record. 



92 G MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

SERGEANT, DAVID, Kalamazoo. First Lt. 7th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862. Capt., Ap'l 2, 
1864. Mustered out Deo. 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SESSIONS, JOHN Q. A., Eaton. First Lt. 7th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862. Mustered out Nov. 
3, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SEWARD, WILLIAM H., Detroit. Second Lt. 2d Inf'y, Dec. 4, 1861. Resigned Aug. 
30, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

SEXTON, NELSON A., Lambertsville. Entered service Sept. 3, 1864. Serg't Comp'y 

M, 8th Cav., . First Lt., Sept. 12, 1864. Mustered out on consolidation with 

11th Cav., July 20, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SEYMOUR, CHARLES H., Saginaw. First Lt. 27th Inf'y, Aug. 28, 1863. Killed in 
action near Bethesda Church, Va., June 3, 1864. 

SEYMOUR, HENRY P. Linden. Entered service Aua:. 14, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y G, 
5th Cav. First Lt. and Adj't 29th Inf'y, July 29, 1864. Capt., Mar. 27, 1865. IMus- 
tered out Sept. 6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SEYMOUR, GEORGE, Union City. Entered service Aug. 29, 1861. Serg't Battery D, 
1st Light Art., . First Lt., Jan. 31, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 3, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

SHAFER, SYLVESTER, Lapeer. Second Lt. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Resigned Feb. 
16, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

SHAFER, MARION A., Grand Rapids. Ass't Surg. 7th Cav., July 7, 1863. Not mus- 
tered. 

SHAFFER. GEORGE T., Calvin. First Lt. 19th Inf'y, July 28, 1862. Taken prisoner in 
action at Thompson's Station, Tenn., Mar. 5, 1863. Exchanged Mav 5, 1863. Capt., 
May 15, 1864. Wounded in action June 22, 1864. Maj. 28th Inf y, Aug. 15, 1864. 
Lt. Col. Dec. 10, 1864. Bvt. Col. and Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, Mar 13, 1865, " for gal- 
lant and lueritorious service at the battles before Atlanta, Ga., and at Wise Fork, N. 
C." Mustered out June 5, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

SHAFTER, WILLIAM R., Galesburg. First Lt. 7th Inf'y, June 28, 1861. Wounded in 
action Mav 31, 1862. Maj. 19th Inf'y, Aug. 8, 1862. Captured Mar. 5, 1863. Ex- 
changed May 5, 1863. Lt. Col., Ap'l 4, 1863. Col. 17th U. S. Col'd Troops, Ap'l 19, 
1864. Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious ser- 
vice during the war." Musten^d out Nov. 2, 1866. Lt. Col. 41st U. S. Inf'y, July 28, 
1866. Bvt. Col., Mar. 2, 1867, "for gallant and meritorious service in the battle of 
Gettysburg, Pa." Unassigned Mar. 15, 1869. Assigned to 24th Inf'y, Ap'l 14, 1869. 
Col. 1st U. S. Inf'y, Mar. 4, 1879. Now in service. 

SHAFTER, JOHN N., Galesburg. Entered service Sept. 6, 1862, as Sorg't Maj. 19th 
Inf'y. First Lt., June 24, 1863. Capt., Oct. 24, 1864. Mustered out June 10, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

SHANK, HURLBUT B., Lansing. Surg. 8th Inf'y, Aug. 19. 1861. Resigned Jan. 11, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

SHANNAHAN, WINFIELD S., Cassopolis. Entered service Mar. 6, 1863. Corp'l Comp'y 
E, 1st S. S., . Second Lt., Mar. 7, 1865. Mustered out July 28, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

SHARE, MOSES A., Detroit. First Lt. 9th Inf'y, Oct. 12, 1861. Resigned Dec. 13, 1861, 
and honorably discharged. 

SHATTUCK, LUCIUS P., Plymouth. Entered service Aug. 5, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y C, 
24th Inf'y. Second Lt., Mar. 1, 1863. Killed in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 
1863. 

SHAW, HENRY A., Eaton Rapids. Capt. 2d Cav., Sept 2, 1861. Maj., Nov. 12, 1861. 
Resigned Sept. 25, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

SHAW, BIRNEY E., Eaton Rapids. Entered service Sept. 9, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y B, 
2d Cav. Second Lt., Ap'l 10, 1864. Resigned Mar. 31, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE, 927 

SHAW, THOMAS, Bridgeton. Entered service Auj?. 22, 1863, as Hosp'l Stew'd 10th Cav. 
Ass't Surg., Aug. 17, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 11, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SHAW, ADDISON C, Addison. Chap. 23d Inf y, Mar. 10, 1864. Resigned Sept. 27, 1864, 
and honorably discharged. 

SHEAEEE, JOHN W., Detroit. Entered service June 4, 1861. Serg't Comp'y F, 2d 

Infy, . Second Lt., Sept. 22, 1861. First Lt., Mar. 17, 1862. Resigned Nov. 

14, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

SHEAREE, JAMES D., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 6, 1862. Serg't Comp'y F, 24th 

Infy, . Second Lt., Mar. 30, 1865. Mustered out June 30, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

SHEEHAN, DANIEL, Je., Ann Arbor. Entered service July 23, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
H, 20th Infy. First Lt., Ap'l 29, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out 
j\lay 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SHEERS, THOMAS, Je., Nankin. Second Lt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 1862. Resigned Mar. 
1, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

SHELDON, BARBER N., Qumcy. Capt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 1862. ResignedFeb. 1, 1863, 
and honorably discharged. 

SHELDON, CARLOS D., Houghton. Capt. 23d Infy, Aug. 1, 1862. Resigned Dec. 25, 

1863, and honorably discharged. 

SHELDON, GEORGE W., Hastino-s. Entered service Sept. 10, 1864. Serg't Maj. 3d 

Infy, . Second Lt., May 19, 1865. First Lt., Nov. 28, 1865. Mustered out as 

Second Lt., May 25, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

SHELDON, GEORGE A., . Second Lt. Comp'y I, 1st U. S. S. S., Feb. 4, 1863. 

Killed in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863. 

SHELDON, GEORGE, Fentonville. Entered service June 5, 1861. Com. Serg't 2d Infy, 

. First Lt., July 22, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out July 28, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

SHELDON, GEORGE C, Houghton. Second Lt. 16th Infy, Mav 25, 1864. First Lt., 
Sept. 7, 1864. Capt., July 7, 1865. Mustered out July 8, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

SHELDON, JOEL S., Grand Rapids. Supernumerary Second Lt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. 
First Lt. and Com., Max*. 16, 1863. Honorably discharged for disability, Dec. 10, 

1864. <! 

SHELDON, STEPHEN A., Battle Creek. Entered service May 25, 1861. Serg't Maj. 

2d Infy, . Second Lt., Sept. 16, 1862. First Lt., Ap'l 12, 1863. Wounded in 

action at Jackson, Miss., July 11, 1863. Mustered out June 29, 1864, and honorably 
discharged. Bvt. Capt. and Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, " for gallant service at 
the battle of Jackson, Miss., and meritorious service during the war." 

SHELEY, GEORGE A., Detroit. Second Lt. Batt. M, 1st Light Art., Aug. 24, 1863. 
Wounded while scouting in Powell Valley, West Va., June 18, 1864. Honorably dis- 
charged for wounds, Sept. 24, 1864. 

SHEET, JOHN, Rome. First Lt. 18th Infy, July 27, 1862. Resigned Dec. 13, 1862, 
and honorably discharged. 

SHEPHERD, CHAUNCEY F., Owosso. First Lt., 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 1862. Resigned 
Dec. 24, 1862. Capt. 10th Cav., July 6, 1863. Resigned Feb. 25, 1864, and honora- 
bly discharged. 

SHERIDAN, PHILIP H., Ohio. Cadet M. A., Julv 1, 1848. Bvt. Second Lt., 1st U. S. 
Infy, July 1, 1853. Second Lt. 4th Infy, Nov. 22, 1854. First Lt., Mar. 1, 1861. 
Capt. 13th Infy, May 14, 1861. Col. 2d Mich. Cav., May 25, 1862. Brig. Gen. U. S. 
Vol's, July 1, 1862. Maj. Gen. U. S. Vol's, Dec. 31, 1862. Brig. Gen. U. S. A., Sept. 
20, 1864. Maj. Gen. U. S. A., Nov. 8, 1864, by the following order of President Lin- 
coln: "For personal gallantry, military skill, and just confidence in the courage 
and patriotism of his troops, displayed on the 19th of October at Cedar Run, Va., 



d2S MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

whereby, under the blessing of Providence, his routed army was reorganized, a great 
national disaster averted, and a brilliant victory achieved over the rebels for the third 
time in pitched battle within thirty days." The thanks of Congress tendered to Maj. 
Gen. Philip H. Sheridan, and to the officers and soldiers under his command, by joint 
resolution approved Feb. 9, 1865, " for the gallantry, military skill, and courage 
displayed in the brilliant series of victories achieved by them in the valley of the 
Shenandoah, and especially for their services at Cedar Eun on the 19th day of Octo- 
ber, 1864, which retrieved the fortunes of the day and thus averted a great disaster." 
Lt. Gen. U. S. A., Mar. 4, 1869. Now in service. 

SHERLOCK, EDWARD T., Detroit. Capt. 5th Infy, June 19, 1861. "Wounded in action 
at WUUamsburg, Va., May 5, 1862. Maj., July 18, 1862. Lt. Col., Dec. 14, 1862. 
Killed in action at Chancellorsville, Va., May 3, 1863. 

SHERLOCK, TOBIAS Ji, Detroit. Second Lt. 14th Infy, Nov. 18, 1861. First Lt., 
June 16, 1862. Resigned May 23, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

SHERMAN, ADNA, Lament. Ass't Surg. 7th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862. Resigned Ap'l 29, 
1863, and honorably discharged. 

SHERMAN, B. FRANKLIN, Grand Rapids. First Lt. 10th Cav., July 25, 1863. Adjt., 
Dec. 21, 1864. Capt., Sept. 2, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 11, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

SHERMAN, CHARLES L.. Kalamazoo. Second Lt. Ist Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Eeslgned 
May 31, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

SHERMAN, EDWARD A., Hillsdale. First Lt. 2d Infy, Ap'l 1, 1864. Died Aug. 18, 
18G4, at Hillsdale, Mich., of wounds received in action near Petersburg, Va., June 18, 

1864. 

SHERMAN, GIDEON H., Hillsdale. Entered service Dec. 15, 1861. Serg't Comp'y K, 

10th Infy, . First Lt., Feb 24, 1865. Mustered out July 19, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

SHERMAN, HENRY R., Kalamazoo. Entered service Jan. 7, 1863. Serg't Comp'y G, 

1st Eng's and Mech's, . Second Lt., Jan. 8, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, 

and honorably discharged. 

SHERMAN, WILLIAM H., Hillsdale. Fkst Lt. 4th Infy, Ap'l 5, 1864. Resigned Sept. 
13, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

SHIER, CHARLES, Jk., Decatur. Capt. 1st Cav., Nov. 12, 1863. Died Oct, 31, 1864, of 
wounds received in action at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19, 1864. 

SHIER, HENRY, Ypsilanti. Entered service Oct. 8, 1861. Serg't Batt. 0, 1st Light 

Art., . First Lt, June 30, 1863. Mustered out Dec. 19, 1864, and honorably 

discharged. 

SHIPPER, WILLIAM H., St. Johns. Entered service Dec. 14, 1861. Serg't Comp'y K, 
14th Infy, . Second Lt., July 7, 1865. Mustered out July 18, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

SHIFFERT, ROBERT, Burr Oak. Entered service Feb. 8, 1862. Serg't Comp'y A, 15th 
Infy, . First Lt., June 6, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 13, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

SHIPMAN, SEYMOUR, New Haven. Entered service Sept. 14, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
G, 3d Cav. First Lt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. Wounded in action July 2, 1863. Hon- 
orably discharged for disability July 5, 1864. 

SHOECRAFT, JAMES A., Coldwater. Second Lt. 19th Infy, July 28, 1862. Wounded 
in action at Thompson's Station, Tenn., Mar. 5, 1863. First Lt., May 1, 1863. Re- 
signed Jan. 11, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

SHOEMAKER, MICHAEL, Jackson. Col. 13th Infy, Jan. 28, 1862. Taken prisoner 
Sept. 7, 1862, near Tyree Springs, Tenn., and confined in Libby Pi-ison. Exchanged 
Sept. 27, 1862. Resigned May 26, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

SHONTS, JOHN, Byron. Entered sei-vice Aug. 28, 1861. Serg't Comp'y H, 5th Inf v, 

. Second Lt., Oct. 1, 1864. First Lt., Nov. 7, 1864. Mustered out July 5, 18G5, 

and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 929 

SHOOK, EDGAR H., Mt. Clemens. First Lt. 15th Inf'y, June 19, 1861. Capt., June 22, 
1862. Discharged Feb. 8, 1863. Eecommissioned Capt., Feb. 9, 1863. "Wounded in 
action at Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1861. Maj., Dec. 21, 1864. Mustered out July 5, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

SHOUP, SAMUEL, Connersville, Ind. Entered service . Ser2:'tMaj. 2d U. S. S. S., 

. Second Lt., Oct. 14, 1862. Transferred to 5th Mich.'infy, Feb. 18, 1865. 

Bvt. Capt. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for good conduct and meritorious service 
during the war." Mustered out July 5, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SHEIVER, FREDERICK, Grand Rapids. First Lt. 3d Inf'y, May 13, 1861. Capt., Auff. 
1, 1861. Wounded in action at Groveton, Va., Aug. 29, 1862. Resigned Oct. 25, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

SHUMWAY, ALONZO, Saline. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y P, 6th 
Lif'y. Second Lt., Mar. 1, 1862. First Lt., Oct. 1, 1863. Capt., Aug. 23, 1864. 
Mustered out Aug. 20, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SHUMWAY, DAVID A., Jackson. Entered service Sept. 30, 1861. Sergeant Comp'y 

H, 1st Eng's and Mech's, . Second Lt., May 31, 1864. First Lt., Nov. 3, 1864. 

Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SIBLEY, HENRY H., Ionia. Capt. 16th Infy, Aug. 9, 1861. Resigned Sept. 27, 1862, 
and honorably discharged. 

SICKLES, CHARLES D., Holly. Entered service May 25, 1861. Serg't Comp'y F, 2d 

Infy, . First Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out July 28, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

SICKLES, WILLIAM, St. Johns. First Lt., 23d Inf'y, Aug. 1, 1862. Resigned Deo. 22, 

1862, and honorably discharged. • 

SIEBEET, JACOB E., Lansing. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862. Serg't Maj. 20th Inf'y, 

. First Lt. and Adj't, June 18, 1864. KiUed in action at Poplar Spring Church, 

Ya., Sept. 30, 1864. 

SIEGEL, BARTLEY, Shiawassee. Entered service Sept. 13, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y I, 
Sth Inf'y. First Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out July 30, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

SIGLER, ISAAC, Berlin. Entered service Aug. 30, 1862. Serg't Comp'y D, 1st Eng's 
and Mech's. . Second Lt., Nov. 3, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

SILLICK, HENRY L., Quincy. Second Lt. 8th Cav., Nov. 1, 1862. Capt Aug. 31, 

1863. Resigned on account of disability, Oct. 27, lb64, and honorably discnarged. 

SIMMONS, WARNER, Lexington. Entered service Nov. 8, 1861. Serg't Comp'y H, 

10th Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 7, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Absent on 

furlough on muster out of regiment. 

SIMMONS, JOHN, Dowagiac. Entered service Aug. 16, 1861. Serg't Comp'y M, Ist 

Cav., . Second Lt., Mar. 7, 1865. First Lt., Mar. 7, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 

7, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SIMONDS, EDWARD S., Shiawassee. Entered service Nov. 6, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
E, 14th Infy. Second Lt, Sept. 1, 1864. Capt., July 7, 1865. Mustered out July 
18, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SIMONDS, ELI K., NorthvUle. Capt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. Resigned July 27, 1863, 
and honorably discharged. 

SIMONDS, GEORGE W., Kalamazoo. Entered service Aug. 14, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
L, 6th Cav. tSecond Lt., May 12, 1864. First Lt., and Com., Dec. 10, 1864. Trans- 
ferred to 1st Cav., Nov. 17, 1865. Mustered out Mar. 10, 1866, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

SIMONDS, JAMES N., Raisin. First Lt. 6th Inf'y, Jan. 5, 1864. Not mustered. 

SIMONS, JOHN A., Lexington. Second Lt. 22d Inf'y, July 31, 1862. Resigned Deo. 
10, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

117 



930 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

SIMPSON, JOHN H., Allegan. Entered service July 26, 1862, as Serg't Comp'v L, 4th 
Cav. Second Lt., Mar. 31, 18G3. First Lt., Aug. 23, 1863. Capt., Dec. 10, 1864. 
Mustered out July 1, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SIMPSON, CHARLES, Owosso. Entered service Sept. 5, 1862, as Corp'l Comp'y D, 6th 
Cav. First Lt. 11th Cav., Aug. 1, 1863. Capt., Feb. 1, 1864. Mustered out Aug. 
10, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SINCLAIR, ALEXANDER P., Grand Rapids. Entered service Jan. 24, 1862, as Cora. 
.Serg't 14th Infy. Second Lt., June 21, 1862. First Lt., May 23, 1863. Mustered 
out Feb. 13, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SINCLAIR, EDWARD W., Adrian. Entered service Aug. 6, 1862. Q. M. Serg't 18th 

Infy, . Second Lt., Mar. 21, 1865. Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

SINCLAIR, GEORGE F., Climax. Entered service Nov. 30, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y I, 
11th Cav. ^■econd Lt., Nov. 9, 1864. First Lt., Jan 21, 1865. Resigned as Second 
Lt., June 27, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SINCLAIR, JOHN T., Ann Arbor. Second Lt. 1st (3 months) Infy, May 1, 1861. 
Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861, and honorably discharged. 

SINCLAIR, ROBERT P., Grand Rapids. Col. 14th Infy, Sept. 23, 1861. Resigned 
Nov. 10, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

SINCLAIR, ROBERT 0., Hillsdale. Second Lt. Batt. G, Ist Light Art., Dec. 6, 1861. 
Resigned June 26, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

SINCLAIR, WILLIAM H., Jonesville. Second Lt. Batt. C, 1st Light Art., Dec. 6, 1861. 
First Lt., Julv 15, 1862. Capt. and Ass't Adjt. Gen. U. 8. Vol's, Nov. 5, 1862. Maj. 
and Ass't Adjt. Gen. U. S. Vol's, May 8, 1863. Bvt. Col. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, 
"for faithful and meritorious service." Mustered out Sept. 1, 1866, and honorably 
discharged. 

SIRRINE, WILLIAM R., Paw Paw. Entered service Feb. 27, 1864. Serg't Comp'y H, 

13Lh Infy. . Second Lt., July 19, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered 

out July 25, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SIZER, SAMUEL H., Adrian. Entered service July 22, 1862. Serg't Comp'y A, 17th 
Infy, . First Lt. and Adjt., Oct. 14, 1864. Mustered out June 3, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

SKEELS, RUFUS W., Muskegon. Entered service June 10, 1861, as Corp'l Comp'y H, 
3d Infy. Second Lt., Feb. 21, 1863. First Lt., Nov. 1, 1863. Mustered out June 20, 
1864, and honorably discharged. 

SKIDMORE, DAVID M., Bowne. Second Lt. 1st Eng's and Mech's. Jan. 1, 1864. First 
Lt., Nov. 3, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 1, 1865. ntid honorably discharged. 

SKINNER, EDWIN A., Detroit. First Lt. and Q. M. 10th Infy, Nov, 8, 1861. Mustered 
out Dec. 31, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

SKINNER, PRESCOTTM., Ypsilanti. Entered service July 22, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
B, 20th Infy. First Lt., May 12, 1864. Capt., Apr. 5, 1865. Mustered out as First 
Lt., May 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SLACK, JOSEPH B., East Saginaw. Entered service Aug. 1, 1861. Serg't Comp'y D, 
16th Infy, . Second Lt., Apr. 22, 1863. Mustered out Sept. 9, 1864, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

SLAFTER, ALBERT, Tuscola. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861. Q. M. Serg't 7th Inft, 
. Second Lt., Feb. 10, 1863. Killed in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 3, 1863. 

SLAWSON, COMFORT M., Greenville. Entered service Sept. 3, 1864, as Pvt. Comp'y 
B, 3d Infy. Ass't Surg., Mar. 6, 1865. Surg., May 22, 1865. Mustered out May 25, 
1866, and honorably discharged. 

SLAWSON, JAMES H., Houghton. First Lt. 27th Infy, Oct. 10, 1862. Died at Port 
Huron, Mich., Dec. 2, 1862, from effect of a gun shot wound while "Officer of the 
Day," inflicted by one of his men. 



1([I0HIGAN IN THE WAR. 931 

SLAYTON, JAMES E., Jackson. Second Lt. 13th Infy, Oct. 3, 1861. First Lt., Nov. 
12, 1862. Capt., Feb. 2, 1863. Wounded in action at Cliickamauga, Ga., Sept. 19, 

1863, Mustered out Aug. 26, 1864, and hionorably discliarged. 

SLAYTON, JOSHUA, Jackson. First Lt. 13th Infy, Oct. 3, 1861. Capt., Nov. 12, 1862. 
Resigned on account of disability, Feb. 2, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

SLAYTON, ASA W., Grattan. Second Lt. 25th Infy, Aug. 10, 1862. Resigned June 19, 

1864, and honorably discharged. 

SLEETH, JAMES, Byron. Ass't Surg. 6th Cav., Mar. 1, 1863. Mustered out Nov. 7, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

SLEIGHT, WILLIAM E., Bath. Entered service May — , 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y C, 65th 
N. Y. Infy. Wounded in action May 3, 1873. Second Lt. 1st Mich., or 102d U. S. 
Col. Infy, Jan. 20, 1864. First Lt., May 6, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

SLEIGHT, JACOP P., Bath. Entered service Sept. 4, 1861. Corp'l Comp'y B, 3d Cav., 

. Second Lt. 1st Mich., or 102d U. S. Col. Infy, Dec. 23, 1864. Mustered out 

Sept. 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SLIGH, JAMES M., Grand Rapids. Entered service Oct. 28, 1861, as Q. M. Serg't Ist 
Eng's and Mech's. First Lt., Jan. 1, 1864. Capt., Apr. 25, 1865. Mustered out 
Sept. 30, 1665, and honorably discharged. 

SLIGH, JAMES W., Grand Rapids. Capt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 12, 1861. Died 
at 'Tullahoma, Tenn., Nov. 15, 1863, of injuries received in a railroad accident, while 
the train was being attacked by rebels, Nov. 1, 1863. 

SLIPPER, WILLIAM, Dowagiac. Entered service Aug. 2, 1862. Serg't Comp'y A, 19th 

Infy, . Second Lt., June 15, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out 

June 10, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SLOCUM, JEREMIAH D., Adrian. First Lt. 4th Infy, May 16, 1861. Capt., June 20, 
1861. Resigned Sept. 28, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

SMAILS, JOHND., California, Mich. Entered service Mayl, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y C, 
1st (3 months) Infy. Taken prisoner at Bull Run, Va., July 21, 1861. Exchanged 

. Mustered out May 20, 1862. Re-entered service Dec. 2, 1862, as Serg't 

Comp'y I, 9th Cav, Second Lt., Dec. 29, 1863. First Lt., Mar. 15, 1864. Mustered 
out July 21, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SMART, JAMES S., Flint. Chap. 23d Infy, Aug. 5, 1862. Resigned July 31, 1863, and 
honorably discharged. 

SMITH, ALBERT C, Jonesville. Entered service July 26, 1862. Serg't Comp'y G, 18th 

Infy, . Second Lt., Jan. 9, 1865. Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

SMITH, ALEXANDER S., Pontiac. Entered service Sept. 27, 1862, as Saddler- Serg't 
5th Cav. Second Lt., Ap'l 14, 1865. First Lt. and Com., July 3, 1865. Mustered 
out as Second Lt., June 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, ALONZO, Jonesville. Entered senice Aug. 22, 1861. Serg't Comp'y C, 7th 
Infy, . First Lt., June 12, 1864. Mustered out July 5, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

SMITH, AMOS K., Ann Arbor. Entered service Sept. 15, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y I, 1st 
Cav. Hosp'l Stew'd, Oct. 1, 1862. Ass't Surg., Dec. 1, 1862. Surg., Oct. 25, 1864. 
Mustered out Mar. 10, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, AVERY A., Hillsdale. Entered service Dec. 7, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y K, 10th 
Infy. Second Lt., June 23, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 31, 1863. Resigned Nov. 8, 1864, 
and honorably discharged. • 

SMITH, BENJAMIN, Pine Plains, N. Y. Capt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. Maj., May 7, 
1863. Lt. Col., Sept. 13, 1863. Mustered out Mar. 6, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 



932 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR, 

SMITH, CALVIN W., Caledonia. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862. Sergr't Comp'y H, 23d 
Infy^ . Second Lt., Oct. 6, 1864. Honorably discharged May 15, 1865. 

SMITH, CHAELES C, Bedford. Ass't Surg, 24th Infy, Aug. 15, 1862. Resigned Feb. 
13, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, CHARLES E., Oshtemo. Maj. 11th Cav., Aug. 31, 1863. Lt. Col., Oct. 4, 1864. 
Bvt. Col. and Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for meritorious service." Col,, 
July 12, 1865. Mustered out as Lt. Col., Aug. 10, 1865, and hpnorably discharged. 

SMITH, CHARLES H., Girard. Entered service June 20, 1861. Serg't Comp'y E, 4th 

Infy, . Second Lt. 9th Cav., Mar. 27, 1863. First Lt, Jan. 17, 1864. Capt., 

Aug. 19, 1865. Mustered out as First Lt., July 21, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, CHARLES F., St. Johns. Entered service Aug. 12, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y B, 
8th Infy. Second Lt., May 14, 1862. Taken pri.soner in action at James Island, S. 
C, June 16, 1862. Exchanged Nov. 1, 1862. First Lt., Nov. 1, 1862. Capt., Mar. 
27, 1863. Wounded in action at Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864. Clustered out 
Oct. 18, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, CYRUS, Jackson. Ass't Surg. 1st (3 months) Infy, May 1, 1861. Mustered 
out Aug. 7, 1861. Ass't Surg. 9th Infy, Oct. 12, 1861. Surg., Oct. 10, 1862. Mus- 
tered out Oct. 18, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, CYRUS M., Lyons. Entered service Ap'l 14, 1864. Com. Serg't 15th Infy, . 

First Lt., June 6, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 13, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, DANIEL H., Mason. Entered service Aug. 13, 1862, as Serg't Corapy H, 26th 
Infy. Second Lt., Ap'l 26, 1864. Resigned May 9, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, DEWITT C, Chelsea. Entered service Sept. 4, 1861. Serg't Maj. 1st Cav., 

. Second Lt., Ap'l 27, 1864. First Lt., Oct. 25, 1864. Capt., Mar. 7, 1865. 

Died of disease at Fort Halleck, D. T., Sept. 16, 1865. 

SMITH, DEWITT C, Jackson. First Lt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. Capt. 9th Cav., Nov. 
3, 1862. Maj., Nov. 30, 1863. Honorably discharged for disability, Oct. 17, 1864. 

SMITH, EDGAR W., Grand Rapids. First Lt. 21st Infy, July 30, 1862. Capt., Jan. 15, 
1863. Died Oct. 16, 1863, of wounds received in action at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 
20, 1863. 

SMITH, EDWARD H., Saginaw. Entered service Aug. 1, 1861. Serg't Maj. 16th Infy, 

. First Lt., May 8, 1865. Capt., July 7, 1865. Mustered out as First Lt., July 

8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, EUGENE E., Antwerp. First Lt. 9th Cav,, Nov, 3, 1862. Honorably discharged 
for disability, Dec, 28, 1863. 

SMITH, FAYETTE, Bridgeport. First Lt. 23d Infy, Aug, 1, 1862. Capt., Oct. 3, 1862. 
Honorably discharged for disability, Feb. 23, 1864. 

SMITH, FAYETTE, St. Johns. Capt. 30th Infy, Nov. 28, 1864. Mustered out June 17, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, FREDERICK B., Commerce. Entered service May 25, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y F, 
2d Infy. Second Lt. 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. Resigned Mar. 12, 1864, and honorably 
discharged. 

SMITH, GEOltGE E., St. Joseph. Entered service Aug. 29, 1862. Serg't Comp'y B, 

7th Cav., . First Lt., May 24, 1865. Mustered out Dec. 15, 1865, and honorably 

discliargcd. 

SMITH, GEORGE G., Williamston, Entered service Oct. 7, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y K, 9th 
Infy. Ass't Surg., Mar. 18, 1863. Surg., Oct. 14, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 15, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, GEORGE H., Albion. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861. Serg't Comp'y I, 6th 

Infy, . Second Lt., July 2, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 22, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 933 

SMITH, GEO. W. C, Saginaw. Entered service Nov. 28, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 14th 

Jnf'y, . Second Lt., Aug. 5, 1864. First Lt. and Adjt., Mar. 14, 1865. Capt., 

July 7, 1865. Mustered out as Adjt. July 18, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, GEREITT, Ionia. Entered service Sept. 5, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y D, 9th Inf'y- 
Second Lt. 3d Inf'y, July 29, 1864. First Lt., Mar. 12, 1865. Mustered out June 11, 
1866, and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, HAMILTON E., Lexington. Ass't Surg. 27th Inf'y, Sept. 13, 1862. Surg., Nov. 
25, 1863. Mustered out July 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, HARMON, Prairieville. Entered service Dec. 30, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y F, 7th 
Cav. Second Lt., Dec. 12, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out Dec. 15, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, HARVEY M., Dansville. Entered service Mar. 12, 1862. Serg't Comp'y E, 14th 

Inf'y, . Fkst Lt., May 17, 1865. Mustered out July 18, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

SMITH, HUBBARD, Detroit. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Corp'I Comp'y A, 1st (3 

months) Inf'y. Taken prisoner at Bull Run, Va., July 21, 1861. Exchanged . 

Serg't Stanton Guard, May 1, 1862. Mustered out Sept. 25, 1862. Second Lt. Pro- 
vost Guard, Jan. 3, 1863. First Lt., Jan. 27, 1864. Mustered out July 28, 1864, and 
honorably discharged. 

SMITH, ISRAEL C, Grand Rapids. Second Lt. 3d Inf'y, May 13, 1861. Adjt., July 19, 
1861. Capt., Jan. 1, 1862. Wounded in action at Groveton, Va., Aug. 29, 1862. 
Wounded in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863. Maj. 10th Cav., Aug. 23, 1863. 
Lt. Col., Feb. 18, 1865. Col., Sept. 2, 1865. Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 
1865, "for gallait and meritorious service during the war." Mustered out Nov. 11, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, JAMES H., Port Huron. Entered service Sept. 2, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y K, 2d 
Cav. Second Lt., Oct. 16, 1862. First Lt. May 29, 1863. Wounded and taken 
prisoner in action at Dandridge, Tenn., Dec. 24, 1863. Capt., Mai-. 1, 1864. Mus- 
tered out Aug. 31, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, JAMES L., Plainfleld. Entered service Ap'l 12, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y C, 8tii 
N. Y. Inf'y. Serg't 47th N. Y. Inf'y, Aug. 6, 1861. Capt. 10th Mich. Cav., July 25, 
1863. Resigned Ap'l 7, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, JOEL H., Dowagiac. Capt. 19th Inf'y, July 28, 1862. Resigned July 11, 1864, 
and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, JOHN E., Lyons. Capt. 9th Inf'y, Oct. 12, 1861. Resigned July 12, 1862, and 
honorably discharged. 

SMITH, JOHN S., Armada. First Lt. and Q. M. 8th Cav., Nov. 6, 1862. Resigned Deo. 
23, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, JOSEPH L., Hudson. Second Lt. 4th Inf'y, May 16, 1861. AVounded in action 
with loss of leg at Gaines's Mill, Va., June 27, 1862. Resigned Mar. 7, 1863, and 
honorably discharged. 

SMITH, JULIUS W., Grand Rapids. Entered service Dee. 29, 1863. Serg't Comp'y I, 

1st Eng's and Mech's, . First Lt., Nov. 3, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 1, 1865, and 

honorably discharged. 

SMITH, LUTHER R.. Detroit. First Lt. Batt. I, 1st Light Art., Aug. 14, 1862. Capt., 
Dec. 15, 1863. Mustered out July 14, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, M. INGERSOLL, Saranac. Chap. 3d Inf'y, July 30, 1864. Resigned May 22, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

SMITH MOSES R-, Port Huron. First Lt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. Resigned June 8, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, OLIVER G., Leoni. Entered service Mar. 31, 1864, as Pvt. Comp'y B, 17th 
Inf'y. First Lt., July 10, 1864. Honorably discharged Feb. 27, 1865, 



934 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

SMITH, OTIS, Grand Eapids. Entered service Aug. 21, 1861, as Serg't Comp'yB, 8tb 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Mar. 18, 1863. Honorably discharged for disability, May 1, 18G4. 

SMITH, SAMUEL N., Detroit. First Lt. 7th Inf'y, June 19, 1861. Capt., Apr. 1, 1862, 
Wounded in action at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862. Lt. Col., July 3, 1863. 
Wounded in action at Bristoe Station, Va., Oct. 14, 1863. Resigned Oct. 12, 18^4, 
and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, SIDNEY B., Grand Eapids. Entered service June 10, 1861, as Corp'l Comp'y A, 
3d Inf'y. Second Lt., Jan. 1, 1863. Wounded at Chancellorsville, Va., May 3, 1863. 
Transferred to Vet. Reserve Corps, Aug. 20, 1863. No further record. 

SMITH, STEPHEN S.. Oronoco. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861. Serg't Comp'y B, 6th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Nov. 25, 1864. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out 

Aug. 20, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, SYLVESTER B., Morenci. Capt. 11th Inf'y, Aug. 24, 1861. Maj., Aug. 18, 
1862. Wounded in action at Stone River, Tenn., Jan. 2, 1863. Lt. Col., Jan. 7, 1863. 
Resigned as Maj., Mar. 19, 1863, on account of wounds, and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, THEODORE F., East Saginaw. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861, as Serg't 
Comp'y A, 2d Cav. Second Lt., Jan. 1, 1863. First Lt., May 27, 1863. Resigned 
May 4, 1864, and lionorably discharged. 

SMITH, WATSON B., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 27, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y C, 5th. 
Cav. First Lt. and Cora. 8th Cav., Nov. 6, 1862. Capt., Ap'l 15, 1864. Taken pris- 
oner during Stoneman's raid, Aug. 2, 1864. Exchanged Sept. 28, 1864. Maj., Nov. 
14, 1864. Bvt. Lt. Col. U. S. Vols, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious 
service." Bvt. Col. U. S. Vol's, Sept. 22, 1865, " for meritorious service. " Mustered 
out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, W. HUNTINGTON, Adrian. Maj. 20th Inf'y, July 29, 1862. Lt. Col, Oct. 14, 

1862. Killed in action at Campbell Station, Tenn., Nov. 16, 1863. 

SMITH, WILLARD B., Jackson. Ass't Surg. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Dec. 1, 186'^. 
Rcbigned May 29, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, WILLIAM A., Marion. First Lt. 22d Inf'y, July 31, 1862. Capt., Jan. 5, 18R3. 
Died Oct. 11, 1863, of wounds received in action at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 20, 1863. 

SMITH, WILLIAM E., Hillsdale. Entered service Nov. 2, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y M, 
10th Cav. Second Lt., Ap'lb, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 11, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

SMITH, WILLIAM G., Harlland. Entered service Aug. 14, 1862. Serg't Maj. 26tb 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., May 24, 1863. Fii'st Lt., Ap'l 15, 1864. Resigned June z6, 

1864, and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, WILLIAM H., Farmington. First Lt. 30th Inf y, Nov. 28, 1864. Mustered out 
J uue 24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, WILLIAM H., Stockbridge. Entered service . Serg't Maj. 1st Inf'y, . 

First Lt., Nov. 1, 1864. JSlustered out July 9, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SMITH, WILLIAM H., Lapeer. Capt. 4th Oav., Aug. 13, 1862. Resigned Dec, 18, 1862, 
and honorably discharged. 

SNELL, HIRAM M., Armada. Ass't Surg. 8th Cav., Mar. 12, 1863. Died Aug. 18, 
1863. 

SNELL, ELIJAH, Independence. Second Lt. 22d Inf'y, July 31, 1862. First Lt., Nov. 
27, 1862. Capt. Aug. 3, 1863. Wounded in action at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 20, 

1863. Died Sept. 25, 1863, of wounds. 

SNIDER, CHARLES H., Praiiieville. Entered service Sept. 13, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 
F, 8th Inf'y, . Second Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Not nmsterod as an officer. Mus- 
tered out July 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SNOOK, JONATHAN, Burr Oak. Entered seivice Ap'l 20, 18(1, as Fvt. Comp'y G, 1st 
(3 months) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Second Lt. 15lh Inf'y, Jan. 1, 1862. 
First Lt., Oct. 1. 1862. Resigned Sept. 20, 1864, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 935 

SNOOK, WILLIAiM A., Mt. Clemens. Entered service Ap'l 13, 1863, as Serg't Batt. M, 
1st Light Art. Second Lt., Sept. 25, 1864. Mustered out Aug. 1, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

SNOVER, CHARLES A., Armada. Entered service Aug. 14, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y E, 
5th Cav. Second Lt., Ap'l 14, 1865. First Lt., Mar. 22, 1865. Mustered out July 22, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

SNYDER, ASHBEL W., Three Rivers. Entered service Aug. 15, 1862. Serg't Comp'y 
G, 25th Inf'y, . Second Lt., Mar. 6, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mus- 
tered out June 24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SNYDER, CHARLES J., Detroit. Second Lt. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Resigned Feb. 
27, 1862. Capt. 1st Cav,, Nov. 5, 1862. Died July 21, 1863, of wounds received at 
Hagerstown, Md., July 6, 1863. 

SNYDER, JOHN G., Grand Rapids. Entered service Sept. 2, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 0, 

2d Cav., . Second Lt., July 31, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered 

out Aug. 17, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SOLEAN, ADRIAN C, Frenchtown. Second Lt. 11th Cav., Aug. 1, 1863, Capt., Jan. 
10, 1865. Transferred to 8th Cav. on consoUdation, July 20, 1865. Died at Pulaski, 
Tenn,, July 28, 1865, 

SOLEAN, JA:.IES J., Frenchtown. Entered service Sept. 1, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y E, 
11th Cav, First Lt,, Oct. 11, 1864. Transferred to 8th Cav. on consolidation, July 
20, 1865. ISlustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged, 

SOLEAN, FRANCIS X,, Monroe. Second Lt. 15th Inf'y, Jan. 1, 1862. Capt., Oct. 1, 

1862. Wounded in action July 28, 1864, Maj,, June 7, 1864. Honorably discharged 
for uisability, as Capt., Feb. 2, 1865. 

SOULE, HARRISON, Albion. Capt, 6th Inf'y, Aug. 19, 1861. Wounded in action at 
Baton Rouge, La., Aug. 5, 1862. Maj., Dec. 14, 1864. Mustered out Aug. 20, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

SOULE, AMBROSE L., Lyons. Supernumerary Second Lt., 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. 
Discharged Nov, 1, 1863, First Lt, 10th Cav,, to rank from July 25, 1863. Capt,, 
Sept. 2, 1865. Mustered out Nov, 11, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SOULE, CHARLES E., Lyons, First Lt, and Adj't. 10th Cav., July 6, 1863. Honor- 
ably discharged for disability, Dec. 21, 1864, 

SOULES, FRIEND D., Emmet, Entered service Nov. 20, 1862, Serg't Comp'y A, 1st 
S. b., . First Lt., Nov. 20, 1864. Honorably discharged May 15, 1865, 

SOUTHWORTH, LORENZO T,, Ovid. Entered service July 28, 1862, Serg't Comp'y 

B, 4th Cav., , Second Lt,, Dec, 10, 1864. Mustered out July 1, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged, 

SOUTHWORTH. GEO, A., Leoni. Entered service May 25, 1861. Serg't Comp'y I, 

2d Inf'y, , Second Lt. 1st Mich., or 102d U. S. Col'd Inf'y, Nov. 5, 1863. First 

Lt,, Nov. 15, 1864, Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865, and honorably discharged, 

SOUTHWORTH, CHARLES T., Monroe, Surg, 18th Inf'y, Feb. 26, 1863. Resigned 
June 11, 1864, and honorably discharged, 

SPALDING, DAVID C, Lyons, Asst Surg, 6th Cav,, Oct, 15, 1862. Taken prisoner 
at Gettysburg, Pa., July 4, 1863. Released same day. Surg. 10th Cav., Sept. 28, 

1863. Mustered out Nov. 23, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SPALDING, EDGAR G., Port Huron. Entered service Aug. 12, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 

C, 22d Inf y. Second Lt., Dec. 15, 1862. Wounded in action and taken prisoner 
at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 20, 1863. Paroled Mar. 1, 1865. First Lt., June 7, 

1864. Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SPALDING, GEORGE, Frenchtown. Entered service June 20, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 

4th Inf'y, . First Lt., Auy-, 5, 1861. Capt., Jan. 13, 1862. Wounded in action at 

Gaines's'Mill, Va., June 27, 1862. Lt. Col. 18th Inf'y, July 18, 1862. Resigned Feb. 
24, 1864, to accept promotion. Col. 12th Tenn. Cav., Feb. 24, 1864. Bvt. Brig. Gen. 
U. S. Vol's, Mar. 21, 1865, " for valuable service in the battle of Nashville, Tenn. " 
Honorably discharged Oct. 24, 1865. 



930 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

SPALDING, JAMES W., Monroe. Entered service Dec. 15, 1862. Ferg't Maj. 18th 

Infy, . -econd Lt., Sept. 28, 1863. Capt. 12th Tenn. Cav., Ap'l 30, 1864. Maj., 

. Honorably discharged Oct. 7, 1865. 

SPALDING, WILLIAM P., Sault Ste. Marie. First Lt. and Q. M. 27th Infy, Sept. 10, 

1862. Resigned Ap'l 20, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

SPANG, CHARLES D, Muskegon. First Lt. 3d Infy, May 13, 1861. Resigned Oct. 28, 
1861, and honorably discharged. 

SPARLING, FRED W., Detroit. Ass't Surg. 14th Infy, Nov. 1, 1861. Surg. 10th Infy, 
May 1, 1862. Mustered out May 22, 1865, and honorably dischaa-ged. 

SPAULDING, CALVIN L., Scipio. Entered service July 25, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y G, 
18th Infy. Second Lt., Feb. 18, 1863. First Lt., Ap'l 17, 1864. Mustered out June 

26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SPAULDING, EZEKIEL, Buchanan. Entered service Oct. 16, 1861. Serg't Comp'y K, 
12th Infy, . becond Lt., Aug. 23, 1865. Mustered out Feb. 15, 1866, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

SPAULDING, HENRY D., Monroe. First Lt. 18th Infy, July 27, 1862. Resigned Dec. 

27, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

SPAULDING, OLIVER L.. St. Johns. Capt. 23d Infy, Aug. 1, 1862. Maj., Feb. 13, 

1863. Lt. Col.. Ap'l 6, 1863. Col., Ap'l 16, 1864. Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, June 
25, 1865, "for faithful and meritorious service during the war." Mustered out June 

28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SPEAR, JOHN W., Cambridge. First Lt. 4th Infy, July 26, 1864. Capt., Feb. 9, 1865. 
Mustered out May 26, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

SPEARS, JOHN, Riley. Entered service Sept. 16, 1863. Serg't Comp'y I, 10th Cav., 
. Second Lt., Oct. 19, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 11, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

SPEARS, WILLIAM W., Austin, Ind. Ass't Surg. 1st Mich., or 102d U. S. Col'd Infy, 
June 6, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SPEED, WILLIAM J., Detroit. Capt. 24th Infy, July 26, 1862. Killed in action at 
Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863. 

SPEER, ABRAM C, Saginaw. Entered service Oct. 11. 1861, as Serg't Comp'y A, 14th 
Infy. Second Lt.,''July 9, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 9, 1863. Wouniled in action at 
Chattahoochee river, Ga., July 5, 1864. Honorably discharged for disability, Oct. 25, 
1864. 

SPENCER, CLINTON, Ypsilanti. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'v H, 1st 
(3 months) Infv. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. First Lt. 1st Infy, Feb. 22, 1SG2. 
Capt., July 17, 1862. Wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863, lo.sing right lej and 
disabling left arm. Honorably discharged May 16, 1864, for appointment in Vet. 
Reserve Corps. 

SPENCER, HENRY N., Three Rivers. Capt. 11th Infy, Aug. 24, 1861. Resigned Nov. 
15, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

SPENCER, HOMER, Chelsea. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y D, 1st (3 
months) Infv. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Reentered service Aug. 9, 1862, as Serg't 
Comp'y K, 20th Infy. First Lt., Ap'l 18, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Absent, 
wounded, at muster out of regiment. 

SPENCER, AUGUSTUS L., Port Huron. First Lt. Batt. H, 1st Light Art., Mar. 6, 1862. 
Resigned Aug. 3, 1862, and honorablj"^ discharged. 

SPICER, DANIEL A., N.'vvaygo. Entered service Sept. 2, 1861, as Hosp'l Stew'd 2d 
Cav. Ass't Surg. 10th Infy, Sept. 23, 1862. Surg. 4th Infy, Oct. 15, 1864. Mus- 
tered out Jan. 9, 1866, and honoi-ably discharged, 

SPICER, DANIEL, Lawton. Second Lt. 28th Infy, Aug. 15, 1864. Wounded in action 
Mar. 8, 1865. Honorably discharged May 15, 1865. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAFu 937 

SPITZER, GARRETT J., Schoolcraft. Capt. 6th Inf'y, Aug. 19, 1861. Resigned July 
13, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

SPOOR, JOHN W., Allegan. Second Lt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Jan. 1, 1864. First Lt., 
Nov. 3, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SPRAGUE, CHARLES H., Kalamazoo. Fhst Lt. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Capt., July 

5, 1862. Dropped as missing Oct. — , 1863. 

SPRAGUE, ASA W., Detroit. First Lt. 24th Inf'y, July 26, 1862. Taken prisoner at 
Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863. Died in rebel prison at Charleston, S. C, Oct. 14, 
1864. 

SPRAGUE, ROGER A., Rochester. Second Lt. 3d Inf'y, July 29, 1864. First Lt., May 
19, 1865. Capt., Ap'l 10, 1866. Mustered out as First Lt. May 25, 1866, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

SPRAGUE, JONATHAN A., . Second Lt. Comp'y I, 1st U. S. S. S., Dec. 10, 1861. 

Resigned Nov. 18, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

SPROUL, ROBERT, Birch Run. First Lt. 7th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862. Capt., June 13, 1863. 
Wounded in action at Kelly's Ford, Va., Sept. 16, 1863. Maj., May 24, lb65. Trans- 
ferred to 1st Cav., Nov. 17, 1865. Mustered out Mar. 10, 1866, "and honorably d s- 
charged. 

SQUIER, MARTIN L,, Vermontville. Entered service Sept. 25, 1861. Serg't Comp'y C, 
2d Cav., . Second Lt., Ap'l 15, 1863. First Lt., Mar. 1, 1864. Capt., Oct. 22, 

1864. A. A. Q. M. Vol's, July 29, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 20, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

SQUIRE, LINUS T., Quincy. Entered service Aug. 24, 1861, as Seru't Comp'y H, 11th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., June 24, 1862. First Lt., Jan. 1, 1863. Adjt., Aug. 3, 1863. 
Mustered out Sept. 30, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

STAFFORD, JOHN A., Decatur. Second Lt. 19th Infy, July 28, 1862. First Lt., Jan. 

6, 1863. Resigned July 27, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

STAGG, PETER, Trenton. Second Lt. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Maj., Nov. 12, 1862. 
Lt. Col., Dec. 7, 1862. Col., Aug. 17, 1864. Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vols, Mar. 13, 

1865, "for gallant and distinguished service." Mustered out Jviar. 10, 1806, anu hon- 
orably discharged. 

STAGG, JOHN, Jb., Trenton. Entered service Aug. 15, 1862. Q. M. Serg't, J 1th N. J. 
Infy, Sept. 1, 1864. Second Lt. 1st Cav., Dec. 4, 1864. First Lt., Mar. 7, 1865. 
Mustered out Mar. 10, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

STANDISH, JOHN H., Brooks. Capt. 10th Cav., July 25, 1863. Maj., Oct. 10, 1864. 
Bvt. Lt. Col. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, " for gallantry in action at Strawberry Plains, 
Tenn., Aug. 23, 1864," when, with 125 men and CoUins's 111. Batt., he repulsed an 
attack from Wheeler's Cav. Corps of 6,000 men, with nine pieces of artillery, and 
when seven men of his i-egiment held McMillan's Ford, on the Holston river, by hard 
fighting, against a brigade of rebel cavalry for three and one half hours. Bvt. Col., 
Ap'l 11, 1865, " for gallantry in action at Abbott's Creek, N. C." Lt. Col., Sept. 2, 
1865. Mustered out Nov. U, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

STANDISH, FRANK, Jackson. First Lt. 26th Inf'y, Sept. 1, 1862. Resigned July 31, 
1863, and honorably discharged. 

STANNARD, WALTER D., Grand Haven. Ass't Surg. 2d Cav., Mar. 10, 1865. Trans- 
ferred to 137th U. S. Col'd Troops. No further record. 

STANNARD, HERCULES, Flint. Entered service May 25, 1861. Serg't Comp'y F, 2d 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., July 22, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out 

July 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

STANWAY, DAVID, Ypsilanti. Entered service July 5, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y A, 1st 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Aug. 30, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 10, 1863. Capt., Jan. 1, 1864. 
Wounded in action at the Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864. Honorably discharged tor 
disability Oct. 4, 1864. 

118 



938 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

STARK, JACOB H., Hillsdale. Entered service Feb. 23, 1864. Serp:'t Comp'y K, 4th 

Iiify, . First Lt., Sept. 13, 1864. Mustered out May 26, 1866, and honorably 

discharged. 

STARK, HENRY, Otsego. First Lt. 6th Inf y, Aug. 19, 1861. Capt., Oct. 21, 1862. Mas- 
tered out Aug. 20, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

STARKEY, HENRY, Detroit. First Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. Honorably discharged 
for disability Nov. 2, 1863. 

STARKWEATHER, COLUMBUS C, Farmington. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. 
Comp'y A, 1st (3 months) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Serg t Corap'v I, 9ih 
Infy, Aug. 15, 1861. Second Lt., May 14, 1863. First Lt., Sept. 20, 18G4. Capt., 
Ap'l 20, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

STARKWEATHER, JOHN, Redford. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y A, 
1st (3 months; Inf y. Taken prisoner in action at Bull Run, Va., July 21, 1861. Ex- 
changed . Mustered out May 20, 1862. Serg't Comp'y B, 10th Cav., Aug. 28, 

1863. Second Lt., Ap'l 1, 1864. Resigned Oct. 6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

STAUBER, SILAS I., Monterey. Entered service Aug. 1, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y L, 4th 
Cav. Second Lt., Apl 21, 1864. First Lt., June 21, 1864. Bvt. Capt. U. S. Vol's, 
May 10, 1865, "for meritorious service in the capture of Jeff. Davis." Mustered out 
July 1, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

STAYT, CHARLES B., Hillsdale. Entered service July 23, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y D, 
18Lh Infy. Second Lt., Mar. 30, 1863. Resigned Jan. 9, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

ST. CLAIR, WILLIAM J., St. Clair. First Lt. 15th Inf'y, Jan. 1, 1862. Capt., Oct. 1,. 
1862. Resigned Aug. 13, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

ST. CLAIR, ARTHUR K., Marquette. Ass't Surg. 1st Cav., Mar. 1, 1863. Surg. 5th 
Cav., July 28, 1864. Mustered out June 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

STEARNS, DANIEL L., Houghton. Entered service Sept. 12, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
H, 3d Cav. Second Lt., Aug. 24, 1864. First Lt., Nov. 10, 1864. Mustered out Feb. 
12, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

STEARNS, DANIEL E., Mecosta. Entered service Feb. 22, 1862. Serg't Comp'y M, 3d 

Cav., . Second Lt., Oct. 24. 1864. First Lt., Jan. 2, 1865. Adjt., June 11, 1865. 

Mustered out Feb. 12, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

STEARNS, WILLARD. Franklin. First Lt., 11th Cav., Aug. 1, 1863. Resigned Oct. 29, 

1864, and honorably discharged. 

STEBBINS, JAMES G., Detroit. Capt. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Died of disease at 
i^etroit, Mich., June 4, 1862. 

STEELE, FRED. S., St. Clair. Second Lt. 5th Inf'y, June 19, 1861. Resigned Sept. 16, 

1862. First Lt. 8th Cav., Nov. 1, 1862. Resigned Jan. 22, 1864, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

STEELE, AMOS E., Mason. First Lt. 7th Inf'y, June 19, 1861. Capt., Oct. 1, 1861, 
Lt. Col., May 17, 1863. Killed in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 3, 1863. 

STEELE, HENRY V., INIason. Second Lt. 26th Inf'y, Sept. 1, 1862. First Lt., Jan. 7, 

1863. Capt., Mar. 30, 1863. Killed in action at Hanover Junction, Va., May 24, 1864. 

STEINER, WILLIAM, Detroit. Entered service Oct. 16, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G. 14tb 
Infy, . S»!Cond Lt., Feb. 13, 1865. First Lt., July 5,1865. Mustered out as- 
Second Lt., July 18, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

STEPHENS, JOHN H., Allegan. Entered service Oct. 26, 1861. Serg't Comp'y I, 13th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out July 25, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

STEPHENS, CHARLES J., Detroit. Entered service Sept. 4, 1861. Serg't Maj. 14tb 
Inf'y, . First Lt. and Adjt., July 7, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mus- 
tered out July 18, 1865, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 939" 

STEPHENS, ROYAL H., StockbrMge. Entered service Aug. 31, 1861. Serg't Comp'jr 
A, 1st Iiify, . First Lt., May 30, 1865. Mustered out July 9, 1865, and honor- 
ably disciiarged. 

STEPHENS, JOSEPH N., Niles. Entered service Aug. 24, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y L, 2d 
Cav. Second Lt., Ap'i 15, 1863. Mustered out Oct. 22, 1864, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

STEPHENSON, "WALTER, Detroit. Entered service Aug. 18, 1862. Serg't Comp'y D, 

5th Cav., . Second Lt., Dec. 1, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 4, 1864. Wounded in 

action at Yellow Tavern, Va., May 11, 1864. Wounded in action at Winchester, Va., 
Sept. 19. 1864. Capt., Oct. 28, 1864. Mustered out June 22, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

STEPHENSON, THOMAS H., Paw Paw. First Lt. 1st Cav., Oct. 3, 1862. Honorably 
discharged for disability May '28, 1864. 

STEPPER. JOHN, Burr Oak. Entered service Ap'l 19, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y G, 1st 
(3 months) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Rp-entered service Sept. 1, 1861, as 
Serg't Comp'y 13, 1st Inf'y. Second Lt., July 1, 1862. Taken prisoner at Bull Run, 

Va., Aug. 30, 1862. Paroled and exchanged, . First Lt., Aug. 30, 1862. 

Wounded at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, 1862. Capt., Mar. 18, 1863. Mustered 
out Sept. 26, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

STERNS, BENTON, Galien. Entered service Jan. 3, 1862. Serg't Compy E, 12th Inf'v, 

. Second Lt., Mar. 21, 1865. First Lt., June 10, 1865. Mustered out Feb. 15, 

1866, and honorably discharged. 

STETSON, HENRY A., Jackson. First Lt. 4th Cav., Aug, 13, 1862. Resigned Jan. 23, 

1863, and honorably discharged. 

STEVENS, ALONZO P., Lansing. Entered service Aug. 4, 1862. Serg't Comp'y F, 17th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., July 4, 1863. Wounded in action Nov. 16, 1863. Died at 

Knoxville, Tenn., Dec. 11, 1863, of wounds received Nov. 16, 1863. 

STEVENS, AMBROSE A., Saranac. Lt. Col. 3d Inf'y, May 13, 1861. Col. 21st Inf'y, 
• July 25, 18G2. Wounded in action at Perrvville, Ky., Oct. 8, 1862. Resigned Feb. 3, 
186i3. Maj. Vet. Reserve Corps, July 20, 1863. Col., Sept. 25, 1863. Bvt. Brig. Gen. 
U. S. Vol's, Mar. 7, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious service during the war." Re- 
signed Sept. 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

STEVENS, BENEVOLENT, Ionia. Entered service Sept. 5, 1861. Serg't Comii'v D, 9th^ 

lufy, . Second Lt., Ap'l 25, 1863. First Lt., Aug. 1, 1864. Capt., JSlar. 14, 1865. 

Mustered out Sept. 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

STEVENS, CHARLES D., Tecumseh. Capt. 18th Inf'y, July 27, 1862. Resigned Ap'l 
4, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

STEVENS, DAVID S., Oakville. Ass't Surg. 18th Inf'y, Aug. 14, 1862. Surg., June 11, 

1864, Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

STEVENS, ELISHA 0., Grand Rapids. First Lt. 3d Inf'y, May 13, 1861. Adjt., Jan. 1, 
1862. Honorably discharged Dec. 31, 1862. 

STEVENS, ERASTUS M., Detroit. Entered service Sept. 1, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y K, 
5tn Cav. Second Lt. 1st Cav., Sept. 18, 1863. First Lt., Oct. 1, 1863. Wounded in 
action at Shepherdstown, Va., Aug. 25, 1864. Honorably discharged for disability, 
Jan. 13, 1865. 

STEVENS, JOHN H., Hartland. Entered service Aug. 27, 1861. Serg't Comp'y I, 5th 

Iijfy^ . Second Lt., June 22, 1862. Wounded in action June 30, 1862. Wounded 

in action Dec. 14, 1862. First Lt., Jan. 25, 1863. Wounded in action at Gettysburg, 
Pa., July 2, 1863. Capt., Oct. 1, 1863. Honorably discharged June 9, 1864. 

STEVENS, JOHN J., Monroe. Capt. 18th Inf'y, July 27, 1862. Mustered out June 26, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

STEVENS, WILLIAM C, Whitmore Lake. First Lt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. Resigned. 
May 28, 1862. Capt. 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. Maj., June 3, 1864. Mustered out July 
21, 1865, and honorably discharged. 



^40 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 

STEVENS, WILLIAM E., Mason. Entered service Oct. 22, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 12th 

Infy, . Second Lt., Ap'l 2, 1865. Mustered out Feb. 15, 1866, and honorably 

discharged. 

STEVENSON, GEOKGE W., Galesbur^. Entered service May 25, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
I, 2dlnry. Second Lt., Mar. 6, 1862. First Lt., Sept. 16, 1862. Wounded at Jack- 
son, Miss., July 11, 1863. Capt., Feb. 16, 1863. Honorably discharged for disability, 
Oct. 7, 18tJ4. 

STEVENSON, THOMAS G., Ionia. Second Lt. 21st Infy, Dec. 17, 1862. First Lt., 
Jan. 15, 1863. Capt., to rank from Jan. 13, 1863. Mustered out June 8, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

STEWARD, WILLIAM, Newberry. Entered service, . Serg't Comp'y I, 1st U. S. 

S. S., . First Lt., Oct. 9, 1864. No further record. 

STEWART, DAMON, Flint. Entered service May 25, 1861, as Corp'l 2d Infy. Dis- 
charged Aug. 6, 1862. Capt. 23d Inf y, to rarik from Aug. 1, 1862. Mustered out 
Mar. 4, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

STEWART, FRED S., Pontiac. Entered service Nov. 27, 1861, as Serg't Maj. 10th Infy. 
First Lt. and Adjt., May 28, 1862. Resigned July 9, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

STEWART, GEORGE F., St. Joseph. Entered service Aug. 22, 1862. Serg't Comp'y I, 
19th Infy. First Lt., Jan. 11, 1865. Mustered out June 10, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

STEWART, JAMES, Detroit. Entered service Dec. 6, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y G, 14th 
Infy. Second Lt., Dec. 1, 1862. First Lt., June 4, 1863. Capt., Mar. 14, 1865. 
Mustered out July 18, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

STEWART, JOHN, Detroit. Second Lt. 15th Infy, Jan. 1, 1862. First Lt., Oct. 1, 1862. 
Wounded at Corinth, Miss., Oct. 1, 1862. Capt., Oct. 1, 1862. Honorably discharged 
July 24, 1864. 

STEWART, WILLIAM A., Detroit. Entered service Sept. 25, 1861. Seig't Comp'v B, 
10th Infy, . t^econd Lt., May 20, 1865. Mustered out July 19, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

STEWART, WILLIAM C, Flint. Second Lt. 23d Infy, Aug. 1, 1862. First Lt., Dec. 17, 

1862. Killed m action at Resaca, Ga., May 14, 186i. 

STEWART, WILLIAM E., Niles. Entered service Oct. 9, 1861. Serg't Maj. 12th Inf v, 

. Second Lt., Mar. 19, 1864. First Lt. and Adjt., .Mar. 19, 1864. Capt., June 

14, 1865. Mustered out Feb. 15, 1866, and honorablj' discharged. 

ST. JOHN, CHARLES, Dowagiac. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861. Serg't Comp'y D, 

6th Infy, . Second Lt., July 18, 1864. First Lt., Mar. 7, 1865. Mustered out 

Aug. 20, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

STILLMAN, GEORGE L., Coldwater. Entered service Oct. 16, 1861, as Serg't Batt. 
G, 1st Light Art. Second Lt., Feb. 15, 1863. First Lt., Sept. 1, 1863. Mustered 
out Aug. 6, 1805, and honorably discharged. 

STILLSON, MELVIN, Elkhart, Ind. Entered service Sept. 30, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
K, 3d Cav. Second Lt., Nov. 1, 1862. Resigned Jan. 3, 1864, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

STILT>SON, ELI L., Battle Creek. Entered service Sept. 5, 1861, as Serg't Comp'v H, 
Morrill Hur.se (2d Mo. Cav). Wounded in action Aug. 18, 1862. Second Lt., May 1, 

1863. Fiist Lt., Aug. 1, 1863. Resigned Sept. 13, 1864, and honorably dischargid. 

STOCKTON, JOHN, Mt. Clemens. Col. 8th Cav., Oct. 3, 1862. Honorably discharged 
Ap 1 15, 1864. 

STOCKTON, WILLIAM C, Mt. Clemens. First Lt. 22d Infy, July 31, 1862. Capt., 
8th Cav., Nov. 1, 1862. Resigned Ap'l 15, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

STOCKTON, THOMAS B. W., Flint. Cadet M. A., — , 1823. Bvt. 2d Lt., Ist U. S. 
Infy, July 1, 1827. Second Lt., July 1, 1827. First Lt. Mar. 4, 1833. Resigned Nov. 
30, 1836. Col. 1st Mich. Vol's, Mexican war, Oct. 18, 1847. Mustered out July 23, 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 941 

1848, and honorably discharged. Col. 16th Mich. Inf'y, July 21, 1861. Taken pris- 
oner at Gaines's Mill. Va., June 27, 1862. Exchanged Aug. 12, 1862. Kesigned 
May 18.^1863, and honorably discharged. 

STOCKWELL, CYRUS M., Port Huron. Surg. 27th Inf'y, Deo. 23, 1862. Beslgned Dec. 

29, 1863, and honorably discliarged. 

STODDARD, NOLTON F., Trenton. Entered service June 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
I, 4ih Inf'y. Second Lt., Jaa. 15, 1862. Resigned Nov. 4, 1862, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

STODDARD, BYRON, Concord. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y I. 6th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., July 1, 1863. Died of disease at Port Hudson, La., July 17, 1863. 

STODDARD, CAMERON C, Fair Grove. Entered service Aug. 24, 1864, as Serg't 
Couip'y A, 29th Inf'y. Second Lt., Jan. 19, 1865. First Lt., Aug. 7, 1865. Mus- 
tered out as Second Lt., Sept. 6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

STONE, CLEMENT W., Kalamazoo. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861, as Com. Serg't 6th 
Inf y. First Lt. and Q. M., June 21, 18G2. Capt., May 23, 1864. Mustered out Aug. 
20, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

STONE, GEORGE R., Allegan. Second Lt. 4th Cav., Mar. 1. 1863. First Lt. and Q. 
M., Mar. 18, 1863. Capt., Aug. 25, 1864. Mustered out July 1, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

STONE, ADDISON R., Memphis. Ass't Surg. 5th Cav., Sept. 25, 1862. Honorably 
discharged for disability, Sept. 8, 1863. 

STONE, ELIAS B., Bowne. Supernumerarv Second Lt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. 
Second Lt., Mar. 16, 1863. First Lt., May 23, 1865. Transferred to 1st Cav., Nov. 
17, 1865. Mustered out Mar. 10, 1866, and honwably discharged. 

STONE, HENRY, Newaygo. Entered service July 13, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y A, 10th 
Cav. Second Lt., Jan. 5, 1865. Resigned Oct. 16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

STONEBURNER, GEO. W., Grand Rapids. Supernumerary Second Lt. 7th Cav., Oct. 

15, 1862. Resigned Ap'l 11, 1863. Second Lt. 1st Mich., or 102d U. S. Col'd Inf'y, 
Feb. 9, 1864. Resigned for disability, June 15, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

STORER, JOHN T., Hillsdale. First Lt. 10th Inf'y, Oct. 1, 1861. Resigned June 21^ 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

STORMS, IRVING, Chelsea. Entered service Sept. 21, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y " C," 1st 
Inf'y. First Lt. 1st Mich., or 102d U. S. Cold Inf'y, Nov. 6, 1863. Honorably dis- 
charged March 22, 1864. 

STORRS, CHARLES E., Blendon. Supernumerary Second Lt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. 
Second Lt., Mar. 16, 1863. Capt., July 17, 1863. Wounded in action at Snickers 
Gap, Va., July 19, 1863. Major, Jan. 5, 1865. Mustered out Oct. 10, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

STOUT, ISAAC N., Deerfleld. Second Lt. 15th Inf'y, Jan. 1, 1862. Fu-st Lt, Oct 1, 
1862 Resigned Aug. 11, 1863. Capt 11th Inf'y, Mar. 1, 1865. Mustered out Sept 

16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

STOUGHTON, HENRY C, Otsego. Capt 13th Inf'y, Oct 3, 1861. Resigned Oct. 20, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

STOUGHTON, WILLIAM L., ^turgis. Lieut Col. 11th Inf'y. Oct 11, 1861. Col., Ap'l 
1, 1862. Wounded in action near Marietta, Ga., July 4, 1864, losing a leg. Mustered 
out Sept 30, 1864, and honorably discharged. Bvt Brig. Gen. and Bvt Maj. Gen. 
U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service during the war." 

STOW, FREDERICK A., Grand Rapids. Second Lt. 3d Inf'y, May 13, 1861. First Lt, 
Jan. 1, 1862. Capt., Oct. 25, 1862. Resigned Mar. 27, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

STOWELL, ABRAM E., Coldwater. Fii'st Lt 11th Cav., Jan. 15, 1864. Resigned Nov. 
14, 1864, and honorably discharged. 



942 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

STOWELL, HENRY H., MarshaU. Entered service Aug. 11, 1862. Serg't Maj. 20th 

Inf'y, . First Lt., Sept. 10, 1864. Capt., Jan. 12, 1865. Mustered out May 30, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

STRAYER, GEORGE, Pinckney. Entered service Aug. 8, 1862. Serg't Conop'y B, 26th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 9, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out 

June 4, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

STREETER, JOHN W., Union City. Entered service Aug. 7, 1862. Serg't Batt. A, 1st 

Light Art., . Second Lt., Sept. 6, 1864. First Lt., May 25, 1865, Mustered out 

July 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

STREEVER, LLOYD G., Flint. Entered service Aug. 6, 1861. Serg't Comp'y B, 16th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., July 7, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out 

July 8, 1865, and honorably discharged, 

STRICKLAND, RUSSELL K., Grand Rapids. Entered service Oct. 1, 1861. Q. M. 

Serg't 1st Eng's and Mecli's, . Second Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 

22, 1865, and lionorably discharged. 

STRONG, ADDISON K., Monroe. Chaplain 7th Inf'y, Sept. 2, 1861. Resigned July 7, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

STRONG, ASAHEL B., Reading. Ass't Surg. 1st S. S.. Jan. 15, 1864. Honorably dis- 
charged for disability July 9, 1864. 

STRONG, GEORGE A., Monroe. Capt. 15th Inf'y, Jan. 1, 1862. Died Ap'l 10, 1862, of 
wouuds received in, action at Shiloh, Tenn., Ap'l 6, 1862. 

STRONG, GEORGE W., Port Huron. Entered service Nov. 27, 1861, as Drum Major 

15th Inf'y. Second Lt., Oct. 30, 1862. Capt. 1st Tenn. CoI'd Inf'y, . No further 

record. 

STRONG, HENRY N., Adrian. Chap. 4th Inf'y, May 16, 1861. Resigned July 20, 1862, 
and honorably discharged. 

STRONG, JAMES A., Burlington. Entered service Sept. 2, 1861. Serg't Maj. 2d Cav., 

. First Lt. 8th Cav., Nov. 1, 1862. Capt., Aug. 23, 1863. Maj., Dec. 1, 1864. 

Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

STROUD, DAVID R., Hudson. Capt. 4th Inf'y, July 26, 1864. Resigned Aug. 8, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

STROUT, WILLIAM T., Port Huron. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
A, 7th Inf'y. First Lt., Sept. 21, 1863. Wounded in action June 19, 1864. Q. M., 
Oct 5, 1864. Mustered out July 5, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

STUART, CHARLES E., Kalamazoo. Col. 13th Inf'y, Oct. 3, 1861. Resigned Jan. 28, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

STUART, ANDREW B., Lansing, Capt. Comp'y B, 2d U. S. S. S., Aug. 25, 1861, 
Resigned Oct. 14, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

STUDLEY, JAMES D., Mendon. Entered service Dec. 22, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y I, 9th 
Cav. Second Lt., June 9, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out July 21, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

STURGIS, AARON B., Sturgis. Entered service Aug. 24, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 11th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Feb. 7, 1862. Resigned Feb. 13, 1863. Cause, disability, 

anil honorably discharged. 

STURTEVANT, BENJAMIN A., Port Austm. Entered service Aug. 11, 1862. Hospl 

Stow'd 23d Inf'y, . Second Lt., Jan. 3, 1864. First Lt., Oct. 6, 1864. Mustered 

out Juno 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SUDBOROUGH, JOSEPH A., Adrian. Entered service May 29, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
A, 17th Inf'y. Second Lt., Dec. 6, 1862. First Lt , Mar. 20, 1863. Capt., July 19, 
1864. Mustered out June 3, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

fiULLIVAN, TIMOTHY, Detroit. Entered service Auir. 9, 1861. Serg't Comp'y H, 1st 

Cav., . Second Lt., Mar. 7, 1865. First Lt., July 10, 1865. Mustered out as 

Second Lt., Mar. 10, 1866, and honorably discharged. 



I 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 943 

SUMMERS, ROWAN, Jackson. Fii-st Lt. 17th Inf y, June 17, 1862. Wounded in action 
at South Mountain, Md., Sept. 14, 1862. Resigned Mar. 14, 1863, and honorably 
discharged. 

SUMNER, JOHN H., Grand Rapids. Entered service June 10, 1861. Q. M. Serg't 3d 

Int'y, . First Lt. and Q. M., Nov. 25, 1863. Mustered out June 20, 1864. Capt., 

July 29, 1864. Mustered out Aiay 25, 1866, and honorably discharj<ed. 

SUMNER, JOHN D., Charleston. Entered service Sept. 7, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y F, 8th 
Int'y. Wounded in action at James Island, June 16, 1862. Second Lt., Sept. 1, 1862. 
First Lt. and Adjt., Mar. 27, 1863. Capt., May 6, 1864. Wounded in action at Weldon 
Railroad, Va., Aug. 19, 1864. Lt. Col. 30th Infy, Dec. 5, 1864. Mustered out June 
30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SUMNER, WILLIAM. Utica. Entered service Aug. 11, 1862. Serg't Maj. 27th Inf'y, 
. First Lt., May 15, 1865. Mustered out July 26, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

SUMNER, JAMES E., Ann Arbor. Entered service Aug. 21, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y K, 
5th Cav. Second Lt., Oct. 27, 1864. First Lt., Feb. 1, 1865. Mustered out June 22, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

SUNDERLIN, VAN RENSSELAER. W., Pewamo. Capt. 13th Infy, Oct. 3, 1861. 
Resigned Nov. 12, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

SUTTER. ELIAS P., Detroit. First Lt. Stanton Guard, May 1, 1862. Mustered out 
Sept. 25, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

SUTTON, JOSHUA P., Flint. Capt. 7th Infy, June 19, 1861. Resigned Jan. 17, 1862, 
and honorably discharged. 

SUTTON, FRANK T., Galesburg. Capt. 25th Infy, Aug. 10, 1862. Resigned Mar. 4, 

1863, and honorably discharged. 

SUTTON, THEODORE W., Battle Creek. Entered service Aug. 13, 1862, as Serg't 
Comp'y B, 4th Cav. Second Lt., Mar. 31, 1863. First Lt, Feb. 25, 1864. Killed^m 
action at Latimer's Mill, Ga., June 20, 1864. 

SWAIN, ELISHA R., Newaygo. Entered service Sept. 20, 1864, as Serg't Comp'y B. 3d 
Infy. Second Lt., Nov. 28, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out May 
25, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

SWART, MENZO, Flushing. Entered service July 30, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y C, 16th 
Infy. Second Lt. Ap 1 27, 1863. Wounded in action at Tolopotomy, Va., June 1, 

1864. First Lt., Aug. 3, 1864. Mustered out as Second Lt., Sept. 26, 1864, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

SWARTOUT, CHARLES H., Prairieville. Entered service Sept. 7, 1861, as Serg't 
Comp'y F, 8th Infy. Second Lt., Nov. 20, 1864. First Lt. to rank from Oct IS. 
1864. Capt., Ap'I 25, 1865. Mustered out July 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SWAYZE, MALCOM, Port Huron. Second Lt. 15th Infy, Jan. 1, 1862. Died of dis- 
ease at Jefferson Barracks, Mo., May 27, 1862. 

SWEATLAND, LAFAYETTE, North Star. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862. Serg't 

Comp'y D, 26th Infy, . Second Lt., June 9, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. 

Honorably discharged June 4, 1865. 

SWEET, B. FRANK, Marshall. Second Lt. 14th Batt., Light Art., Mar. 1, 1864. First 
Lt., Mar. 17, 1865. Mustered out July 1, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SWIFT, FREDERICK W., Detroit. Capt. 17th Infy, June 17, 1862. Lt. Col., Nov. 26, 
1863. Taken prisoner in action at Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864. Exchanged Aug. 
3, 1864. Col., Dec. 4, 1864. Bvt. Col. U. .s. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and 
meritorious conduct at the battle of Spottsylvania, Va." Bvt. Brig. Gen. tj. S. Vol's, 
Mar. 13, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious conduct during the war." Mustered out 
June 3, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SWIMM, GEORGE T., St. Charles. Capt. 29th Infy, July 29, 1864. Resigned Max. 
27, 1865. and honorably discharged. 



944- MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 

SWINSCOE, GEORGE E., Detroit. Second Lt, 8th Inf'y, Jan. 9, 1862. First Lt. and 
AdjL., May 1, 1862. Capt., Nov. 1, 1862. Resigned Ap'l 25, 1864, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

SWOBE, THOMAS, Bertrand. Entered service Oct. 16, 1861. Serg't Oomp'y E, 12th 

luf y, . Second Lt., Dec. 20, 1864. First Lt,, Ap'l 12, 1865. Mustered out Feb. 

15, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

SYLVESTER, FRANK, Grand Rapids. Second Lt. 4th Oav., Sept. 1, 1862. Resigned 
Jan. 29, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

SYNOLD, ERNEST, Lyons. Entered service June 10, 1861. Serg't Comp'y E, 3d Inf'y, 

. Second Lt. 5th Inf'y, Sept. 1, 1864. First Lt., May 8, 1865. Mustered out 

July 5, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

TALLET, JULIUS, Kalamazoo. Entered service Mar. 7, 1864. Serg't Maj. 13th Inf'y, 
. Second Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Resigned June 24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

TALLMAN, WILLIAM H., Cold water. Entered service Sept. 26, 1861. Serg't Maj. 2d 

Cav., . Second Lt., Mar. 1, 1864. Capt., Oct. 7, 1864. Transferred to 136th 

U. S. Col'd Troops, June 22, 1865. No further record. 

TANNER, CHARLES G., Fowlerville. Entered service Sept. 23, 1861. Q. M. Serg't 

i;th Inf'y, . Second Lt., Feb. 27, 1863. Died of disease at Fowlerville, Mich., 

Dec. 23, 1863. 

TATE, THOMAS, Georgetown. Entered service June 10, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y I, 3d 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Ap'l 3, 1862. First Lt., Sept. 17, 1862. Capt., Mar. 28, 1863. 
Wounded in action at Chancellorsville, Va., May 3, 1863. Wounded in action at 
Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864. Transferred to 5th Inf'y, June 10, 1864. On 
detached service at muster out of regiment. 

TAYLOR, ALBERT B., Sylvan. Entered service Aug. 2, 1862. Serg't Comp'y F, 20th 

Inf'y. . First Lt., Dec. 20, 1864. Mustered out May 30, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

TAYLOR, GEORGE, Ann Arbor. Chap. 8th Inf'y, Oct. 9, 1862. Resigned Mar. 10, 
1863, and honorably discharged. 

TAYLOR, JOHN C, Ionia. Entered service Aug. 11, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y K, 2l8t 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Jan. 13, 1863. Capt., Oct. 16, 1863. Mustered out June 8, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

TAYLOR, LORRISON J., Monroe. Capt. 11th Inf'y, Mar. 1, 1865. Mustered out 
Sept. 16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

TAYLOR, OLIVER, Detroit. Chap. 5th Cav., Sept. 2, 1862. Taken prisoner July 1, 
1863. Exchanged Oct. — , 1863. Resigned Oct. 9, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

TAYLOR, OLIVER N., Grand Rapids. Entered service Sept. 3, 1862, as Q. M. Serg't 
6th Cav. First Lt. and Q. M., 10th Cav., Sept. 3, 1863. Mustered out Sept. 2, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

TAYLOR, ROBERT, Hillsdale. Chap. 2d Cav., Sept. 4, 1862. Resigned Feb. 10, 1864, 
and honorably discharged. 

TEAL, RICHARD, Lexington. Entered service Oct. 29, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y D, 10th 
Inf'v. Second Lt., Mar. 31, 1863. Killed in action at Peach Tree Creek, Ga., July 
20, 1864. 

TEED, LOVELL 0., Paw Paw. Entered service Oct. 5, 1861, as Serg't Batt. B, 1st 
Light Ai't. Second Lt., Feb. 8, 1864. First Lt., Mar. 14, 1865. Mustered out as 
Second Lt. June 14, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

TEMPLETON, THOMAS G., Adrian. Second Lt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Jan. 24, 1863. 
First Lt., Oct. 1, 1863. Capt., Nov. 3, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

TEN BROOK, WILLIAM L., Adrian. Entered service June 20, 1861. Serg't Oomp y B, 

4th Inf'y, . Wounded in action in the Wijderncss, May 6, 1864. Fir.--t Lt., July 

26, 1864. Capt., Feb. 9, 1865. Mustered out Feb. 13, 18G6, and honorably discharged. 



I 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 945 

TEN EYCK, JEEOME B., Lansing. Entered service June 10, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 

3il Infy . Second Lt., Mar. 20, 1863. First Lt., Nov. 1, 1863, Wounded in 

action at tlie "Wilderness, Va., .May 5, 1864. Capt. 5th Infy, June 10, 1864. Mustered 
out Oct. 10, 1864, and lionorably disciiaraed. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, 
" for gallant and meritorious service in the field during the war." 

TEN EYCK, JAMES B., Lansing. Second Lt, 3d Infy, May 10, 1861. Eesigned July 

29, 1861, and honorably discliaiged. 

TENNANT, AMOS G., Comstocli. Entered service Sept. 1, 1864, as Serg't Comp'y I, 
28ih Infy. Second Lt., May 8, 1865. First Lt., Sept. 12, 1865. Mustered out June 
5, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

TENNANT, ALDRICH, ISIason. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861. Serg't Maj. 7th Infy, 
. First Lt., June 20, 1864. Bvt. Capt. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13', 1865, "for meri- 
torious service during the war." Mustered out July 5, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

TENNANT, JOHN, Buchanan. First Lt. 25th Infy, Aug. 10, 1862. Capt., July 26, 1863. 
Honorably discharged for disability June 14, 1864. 

TENNEY, WILLIAM, Grand Eapids. Entered service Sept. 30, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 
F, 2d Cav,, . First Lt., Oct. 22, 1864. Mustered out Aug. 17, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

TENNEY, CHARLES W., Allegan. Entered service Sept. 14, 1861, as Saddler Serg't 3d 
Cav. Second Lt., Jan. 2, 1865. First Lt., Nov. 8, 1865. Mustered out as Second 
Lt. Feb. 12, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

TEE BUSH, SYLVAN, Pontiac. First Lt. 10th Infy, Oct. 1, 1861. Capt., Mar. 31, 1863. 
Wounded in action at Jonesboro, Ga., Sept. 1, 1864. Maj., May 20, 1865. Lt. Col., 
June 7, 1865. Mustered out as Maj., July 19, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

TERRY, HENRY D., Detroit. Col. 5th Infy, June 10, 1861. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, 
July 18, 1862. Resigned Feb. 7, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

TERRY, HIRAM, Cannonsburg. Entered service Nov. 7, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y C, 13th 
Infy. iSecoud Lt., Aug. 18, 1862. Resigned Jan. 2, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

THATCHER, MARSHALL P., Pontiac. Second Lt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. Fu-st Lt., 
June 8, 1862. Capt., Mar. 1, 1864. Mustered out Feb. 9, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

THAYER, RICHARD R., Battle Creek. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
A, 6Lh Infy. Wounded in action at Baton Rouge, La., Aug. 5, 1862. Second Lt., 
Dec. 20, 1862. Resigned June 17, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

THAYER, FRANK, Dearborn. Entered service Mar. 7, 1863. Serg't Comp'y A, 1st S. S., 
. First Lt., Feb. 5, 1865. Mustered out July 28, 1865, awd honorably discharged. 

THAYER, S. B., Battle Creek. Surg. Merrill Horse, (2d Mo. Cav.) Sept. 1, 1861. Ee- 
signed May 25, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

THAYER, HOMER L., Lansing. Entered service June 10, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y G, 3d 
Infy. Second Lt., June 9, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 25, 1863. Capt. and Ass't Q. M. 
U. S. Vol's, Ap'l 7, 1864. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and 
meritorious service in the field during the war." Mustered out Feb. 26, 1867, and 
honorably discharged. 

THAYER, WILLIAM W., Battle Creek. First Lt. 6th Infy, Aug 19, 1861. Resigned 
Mar 28, 1862. Capt. 17th Infy, June 17, 1862. Wounded in action at South Moun- 
tain, Md., Sept. 14, 1862. Resigned May 15, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

THEILL, JAMES H., Hillsdale. Entered service July 27, 1864, as Serg't Comp'y A, 4th 
Infy. Second Lt., Oct. 24, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out May 
26, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

THELAN, JOHN P., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 5th 
Infy, - — . Second Lt., Sept. 15, 1862. First Lt., Nov. 17, 1862. Killed inaction 
at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863. 

119 



94(j MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

THOMAS, ALBERT P., AUen. Second Lt. 1st S. S., Mar. 31, 1863. Honorably dis- 
charged for disability, Sept. 13, 1864. 

THOMAS, CHARLES 0., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 16, 1861. Q. M. Serg't 9th 

Inf y, . Second Lt., Sept. '22, 1862. First Lt., Ap'l 9, 1863. Q. M., Aug. 1, 1864. 

Capt., Nov. 16, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

THOMAS, HENRY F., Eaton Rapids. Entered service Aug. 8, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y D, 
7th Cav. Second Lt., July 31, 1864. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out 
Dec. 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

THOMAS, JAMES E., Grass Lake. First Lt. 17th Inf'y, June 17, 1862. Resigned Dec. 
30, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

THOMAS, JOSEPH L., Leonidas. First Lt. 11th Inf'y, Mar. 1, 1865. Mustered out 
Sept. 16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

THOMAS, NELSON C, Brighton. Entered service Aug. 14, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y B, 
6th Cav. Second Lt., Nov. 12, 1863. First Lt., Mar. 14, 1864. Capt., Jan. 5, 1865. 
Mustered out Nov. 24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

THOMAS, SAMUEL S., Allegan. Entered service Feb. 20, 1864, as Pvt. Comp'y K, 8th 
Cav. Capt. 28th Inf'y, Aug. 15, 1864. Resigned May 15, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

THOMAS, STEPHEN V., Lapeer. Fu-st Lt. 10th Cav., July 25, 1863. Capt., Ap'l 7, 

1864. Mustered out Nov. 11, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

THOMAS, WILLIAM B., Ionia. Surg. 21st Inf'y, July 26, 1862. Resigned Deo. 15, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

THOMPSON, ALBERT, Vermontville. Entered service Oct. 3, 1861. Hosp'l Stew'd 3d 

Cav., . Second Lt., Oct. 1, 1862. Resigned Feb. 4, 1863. Ass't Surg. 3d Cav., 

Mar. 31, 1864. Surg., Oct. 24, 1864. Mustered out Feb. 12, 1866, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

THOMPSON, ALBERT H., Paw Paw. Entered service ISept. 17, 1861. Serg't Maj, 3d 
Cav., . Second Lt., Jan. 13, 1862. Resigned Oct. 12, 1862, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

THOMPSON, ALMON A., VermontviUe. Ass't Surg. 12th Inf'y, Sept. 24, 1862. Re- 
signed Jan. 28, 1863. Ass't Surg. 11th Cav., Dec. 23, 1863. Mustered out Aug. 10, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

THOMPSON, BRADLEY M., East Saginaw. Capt. 7th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862. Resigned 
July 31, 1864. Maj. and Paymaster U. S. Vol s, July 2, 1864. Bvt. Lt. Col. U. S. 
Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for faithful, gallant, and meritorious service during the war." 
Mustered out Dec. 1, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

THOMPSON, CHARLES A., Kalamazoo. Entered service June 9, 1862. Serg't Comp'y 

D, 17th Inf'y, . Second Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out June 3, 1865, and 

honorably discharged. 

THOMPSON, CHARLES A., Jr., Kalamazoo. Capt. 19th Infy, July 28, 1862. Honor- 
ably discharged July 27, 1864. 

THOMPSON, CHARLES J., Detroit. Second Lt. 6th Inf'y, Aug. 19, 1861. Resigned 
Oct. 1, 1862. Capt. Batt. L, 1st Light Art., Nov. 3, 1862. Died of disease at Detroit, 
Jan, 12, 1864. 

THOMPSON, CHARLES A., Port Huron. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861, as Corp'l 
Comp'y A, 7th Inf'y. Second Lt., July 1, 1862. First Lt., May 1, 1863. Wounded 
at the Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 5, 1864, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

THOMPSON, HENRY E., Grand Rapids. Capt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. Lt. Col., June 
10, 1863. Wounded in action at Hunterstown, Pa., July 2, 1863. Honorably dis- 
charged for disabiUty, June 6, 1864. Bvt. Col. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant 
and meritorious service during the war. " 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 947 

THOMPSON, JAMES, Centreville. Entered service Aug, 9, 1862. Serg't Maj. 19th 

Inf'y, . First Lt., j\lay 8, 1865. Not mustered as an ofBcer. Mustered out June 

10, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

THOMPSON, MILTON, Ray. Second Lt. 8th Cav., Nov. 1, 1862. First Lt,, Ap'l 23, 
1863. Capt., June 16, 1864. Honorably discharged May 15, 1865. 

THOMPSON, THOMAS J., Hamburg. Entered service Aug. 4, 1862, Serg't Comp'y E, 

26th Infy, . Second Lt., Nov. 17, 1864. First Lt., Jan. 2, 1865. Mustered out 

June 4, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

THOMPSON, W. BAKER, Hudson. Second Lt. 11th Cav., Aug. 1, 1863. First Lt., Oct. 
29, 1S64. Transferred to 8th Cav. as Q. M., July 20, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 22, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

THOMPSON, WILLIAM, Port Huron. Entered service Sept. 3, 1864. Principal musi- 
cian 3d Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 15, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mus- 
tered out May 25, 1866,and honorably discharged. 

THOMSON, WILLIAM J., . Second Lt. Hall's S. S., Sept. 13, 1864. Honorably 

discharged for disability Dec. 30, 1864. 

THOMS, JOHN, Ypsilanti. Entered service July 31, 1862. Com. Serg't 20th Inf'y, . 

Second Lt., March 11, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out May 30, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

THORNTON, WILLIAM E., Albion. Entered service July 24, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
B, 21st Infy. First Lt., Mar. 26, 1863. Resigned Oct. 29, 1864, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

THORP, DARIUS D., Three Rivers, Second Lt. 25th Inf'y, Aug. 10, 1862. Honorably 
discharged for disability, Oct. 28, 1864. 

THORP, CHARLES W., Nicholasville. Entered service Aug, 12, 1861, Corp'l Comp'y 

K, 1st U. S. S. S., . Second Lt., Oct. 11, 1862. First Lt., Nov, 27, 1863. Hon- 

orably discharged for disability. May 24, 1864. 

THROOP, WILLIAM A., Detroit. Secon<l Lt. 1st (3 months) Inf'y, May 1, 1861. Capt, 
1st Infv, Auir. 17, 1861, Wounded in action at Gaines's Mill, Va., June 27, 1862, 
Maj., Aug. 30, 1862. Lt. Col., Mar, 18, 1863. Wounded in action at Gettysburg, Pa., 
July 2, 1863. Wounded in action at Cold Harbor, Va., May 30, 1864. Wounded in 
action before Petersburg, Va., July 30, 1864. Bvt. Col. U. S. Vol's, Aug. 1, 1864, 
"for brave conduct and efficient service in the battles of the campaign." Col., Dec. 
22, 1864. Mustered out as Lt. Col., Jan. 6, 1865, and honorably discharged. Bvt. 
Brig. Gen., U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for attention to duty and discipline." Ap. 
pouited Capt. 28th U. S. Inf'y, July 28, 1866, declined. 

THROOP, HARRISON M., Owosso. Fh-st Lt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. Capt., Mar. 16, 
1863. Resigned July 10, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

THUEBER, DAN D., Pontiac. Entered sei-vice Aug. 14, 1862, as Q. M, Serg't 5th Cav. 
First Lt. and Q. M., Feb. 20, 1863. Honorably discharged for disability, Mar. 4, 1864, 

TIBBITTS, BARTON S,, Coldwater. Entered service Aug. 4, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
G, 1st Cav. Second Lt., July 10, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out 
Mar. 10, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

TILTON, JOHN M., Coldwater. Entered service Oct. 1., 1861. Serg't Batt. A, 1st 

Lii,'ht Art., . Second Lt, Sept. 21, 1863. First Lt., Sept. 6, 1864. Resigned 

M&r. 6, 1865, and honoi-ably discharged. 

TILLOTSON, WILLIAM K., Owosso. Second Lt. 5th Inf'y, June 19, 1861. Wounded 
hi action at WilUamsburg, Va., May 5, 1862. First Lt., June 1, 1862. Honorably dis- 
charged for service in Veteran Reserve Corps, June 30, 1863. 

TITUS, PLATT S., Detroit. Second Lt. 15th U. S. Inf'y, April 9, 1847. Bvt. First Lt,, 
Sept. 13, 1847, "for gallant and meritorious conduct in the battle of Chapultepeo." 
Disbanded Aug. 6, 1848. First Lt. 10th Mich. Inf'y, Oct. 1, 1861. Capt., Mar. 31, 
1863. Mustered out Ap'l 1, 1865, and honorably discharged. 



948 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

TITUS, WILLIAM, Ionia. Entered service Sept. 17. 1861, as Serg't Corap'y E, 1st Eng's- 
and Mech's. First Lt., Jan. 1, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 26, 1864, and honorably 
discharged. 

TITUS, JONAS H., Jr., Detroit. Second Lt. First Comp'y S. S., 16th Inf'y, Sept. 16, 

1861. First Lt., May 18, 1862. Resigned Jan. 14, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

TOBAN, JAMES W., Whitmore Lake. Entered service Nov. 10, 1862. Serg't Comp'y C, 

9th Cav., . Second Lt., June 27, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered 

out July 21, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

TOBY, SAMUEL D., Ganges. Entered service Dec. 26, 1863, as Pvt. Comp'y F, 8th 
Cav. Ass't Surg., July 20, 1864. Talven prisoner durina: Stoneman's raid, July 31, 
1864. Exchanged Sept. 3, 1864. Mustered out July 20, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

TODD, CHARLES D., Ionia. Entered service Julv 17, 1862. Serg't Maj. 17th Inf'y, 

. Second Lt., July 4, 1863. First Lt., Oct. 19, 1863. Wounded in action before 

Petersburg, Va., July 23, 1864. Bvt. Capt., July 23, 1864, "for gallant and meri- 
torious service in tlie campaign before Richmond, Va." Honorably discharged for 
disability Dec. 30, 1864. 

TOLTON, JOSEPH B., Manchester. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y D, 
1st (3 months) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Capt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 1862. 
Resigned Dee. 10, 1864, and honorably discharg ed. 

TOMPKINS, DANIEL, Detroit. Second Lt. 5th Inf'y, Oct. 28, 1861. Resigned July 18, 

1862. and honorably discharged. 

TOMPKINS, LEANDER D., Cassopolis. Ass't Surg. 19th Inf'y, Aug. 12, 1862. Re- 
signed Sept. 7, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

TOMPKINS, HORACE, Kalamazoo. First Lt. 19th Inf'y, July 28, 1862. Resigned 
Sept. 13, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

TOMPKINS, DANIEL S., Port Huron. First Lt. 27th Inf'y, Oct. 10, 1862. Capt., Nov. 
18, 1864. Mustered out July 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

TOPPING, JAMES L., Fentonville. Second Lt. 16th Inf'y, Sept. 4, 1862. Resigned 
Mar. 28, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

TORRY, WILSON M., Onondaga. Entered service Nov. 18, 1861. Serg't Comp'y F, 

13th Inf'y, . Second Lt., July 5, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered 

out July 25, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

TORRY, JOHN, Saginaw. Capt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. Resigned Feb. 18, 1863, and 
honorably discharged. 

TOWAR, GEORGE W., Detroit. Ass't Surg. 24th Inf'y, Mar. 1, 1863. Mustered out 
June 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

TOWER, SAMUEL S., Byron. Entered service Oct. 24, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y A, 10th 
Inf'y. First Lt., Feb. 24, 1865. Capt., May 20, 1865. Mustered out July 19, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

TOWER, SAMUEL, Oalifield. First Lt. 13th Inf'y, Oct. 3, 1861. Resigned May 14, 1862. 
and honorably discharged. 

TOWER, ANGELO E.', Ionia. Second Lt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. First Lt., May 9, 

1863. Capt., Nov. 12, 1863. Resigned Aug. 15, 1864, for disability, and honorably 
discharged. 

TOWER, OSMOND S,, Ionia. Capt. 6th Cav., Aug. 16, 1864. Honorably discharged 
May 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

TOWN, CHARLES H., Detroit. Maj. Ist Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Wounded in action at 
Bull Run, Va., Aug. 30, 1862. Col., Sept. 30, 1862. Honorably discharged for dis- 
ability Aug. 17, 1864. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 



949 



TOWN NOETON F., Tompkins. Entered service Oct. 18, 1861. Serg't Comp'y F, 13th 

Iiif'y Second Lt., Feb. 2, 1863. Wounded in action at Chickamauga, Ga., 

Sept.' 19, 1863. First Lt., Mar. 19, 1864. Capt., Ap'I 25, 1865. Mustered out July 
25, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

TOWN HIRAM M.. Detroit. Entered service Oct. 1, 1861, as Serg't Batt. C, 1st Light 
Art. Second Lt., Feb. 20, 1864. First Lt., Dec. 19, 1864. Mustered out June 21, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

TOWNSEND, GEO. W., Greenbush. Second Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. First Lt., 
Nov. 25, 1862. Capt., Nov. 2, 1863. Honorably discharged for disability July 15, 
1864. 

TOWNSEND, OLIVER C, North Plains. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862. Serg't Comp'y 
K, 21st Inf'y, . First Lt., Jan. 13, 1863, Mustered out June 8, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

TRACY, ALANSON, Detroit. Batt. Adjt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. Died of disease at 
Cincinnati, O., June 18, 1862. 

TRACY BENJAMIN C, Grand Rapids. Entered service June 10, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
F, 3d Inf'y. Second Lt., Jan. 1, 1862. F-rst Lt., Sept. 1, 1862. Mustered out June 
30, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

TRACY JOHN C, HiUsdale, Entered service Aug. 22, 1861. Serg't Comp'y C, Uh 

Inf'y, . First Lt., Oct. 2, 1863. Wounded in action at Tolopotomy, May 31, 

1»64.' Honorably discharged for disability Sept. 6, 1864. 

TRACY WILLIAM, Flint. Entered service Aug. 15, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 8th Inf'y, 

:. Second Lt., May 3, 1864. First Lt., Ap'I 25, 1865. Mustered out July 30, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

TRACY, DAVID B., Petersburg. Chap. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 12, 1861. Resigned 
June 22, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

TRASK WILLIAM S., Charlotte. Second Lt. 6th Inf'y, Aug. 19, 1861. First Lt., 
Sept. 1, 1862. Capt., July 21, 1864. Mustered out Aug. 20, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

TRASK HOWELL H., Plainwell. Entered service Oct. 10, 1861, as Seiig't Comp'y B, 
13th Inf'y. Second Lt., Jan. 20, 1863. Wounded ii action at Chickamauga, Ga 
Sept. 19, 1863. Wounded iu action at Savannah, Ga., Dec. 12, 1864. lirst Lt., Api 
25, 1865. Resigned as Second Lt., May 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

TRAVERSE CHARLES S., Port Huron. Capt. 5th Inf'y, June 19, 1861. Wounded in 
acSon atFair Oaks,.Va.: May 31, 1862. Died July 22, 1862, of wounds received in 
action. 

TRAVEE HARRY A., Detroit. Entered service Sept. 13, 1864 as Serg't Comp'y K, 3d 
Inf V '• Second Lt., Nov. 28, 1865. First Lt., Feb. 25, 1866. Not mustered as an 
officer. Mustered out May 25, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

TRAVIS, JAMES, St. Johns. Second Lt. 23d Inf'y, Aug. 1, 1862. Fu-st Lt., Dec. 22. 
1862. Died of disease, Jan. 26, 1863. 

TRAVIS, BENJAMIN F., Galesburg. Entered service Aug. L 1862 ^g Serg't Comp'y 
E, 2.5Lh Inf'y. Second Lt., Feb. 16, 1863. First Lt., Mar. 14, 1863. Mustered out 
June 24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

TREAT, HIRAM D., St. Johns. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt Comply I, 1st (3 
montlis) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Reentered .ervice July 4 18f 2, as Scrg t 
Comp'y A, 4th Cav. Second Lt., Nov. 24, 1864. Mustered out July 1, 1805, and 
honorably discharged. 

TREAT. BENJAMIN, Waterford. Entered service Aug. 13, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y G, 
1st Cav. Second Lt. 8th Cav., Nov. 1, 1862. Resigned Jan. 27, 1864. Cau^e, dis- 
ability, and honorably discharged. 

TROWBRIDGE, LUTHER H., Three Rivers. Chap. 11th Inf'y, Mar. 23, 1865. Not 
mustered. 



950 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

TROWBRIDGE, HENRY W., Saginaw. Capt. 5th Inf'y, June 19, 1861. Died of dis- 
ease at Fortress Monroe, Va., May 9, 1862. 

TROWBRIDGE, LUTHER S., Detroit. Maj. 5th Cav., Sept. 2, 1862. Lt. Col. 10th 
Cav., Aug. 25, 1863. Col., July 25, 1864. Bvt- Bri^. Gen. U. S. Vol's, June 15, 1865, 
"for faithful and meritorious service." Bvt. Maj. Gen. U. S. Vol's, June 15, 1865, 
"for faithful and meritorious service." Mustered out Sept. 1, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

TROWBRIDGE, GEO. M., Centrevllle. Ass't Surg. 19th Inf'y, July 18, 1863. Mus- 
tered out June 10, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

TRUAX, JAMES H., Saranac. Second Lt. 2l8t Inf'y, July 30, 1862. Capt., Dec. IS, 
1862. Resigned Aug. 24, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

TRUKEY, NELSON, Marquette. First Lt. 27th Inf'y, Oct. 10, 1862. Capt., Ap'l 1, 
1864. Wounded in action before Petersburg, Ya., June 17, 1864. Mustered out July 
26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

TRUESDALE, HORACE E. Ann Arbor. Entered service Aug. 5, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 

F, 16th Inf'y, . Second Lt., May 8, 1865. First Lt., July 7, 1865. Mustered 

out as Second Lt., July 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

TUBBS, BUTLER S., Fentonville. Entered service Aug. 24, 1862. Serg't Comp'y G 

7th Cav., . Second Lt., Mar. 24, 1865. First Lt., May 26, 1865. Transferred 

to 1st Cav., Nov. 17, 1865. Mustered out as Second Lt., Mar. 10, 1866, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

TUCKER, WILLIAM H., Decatur. Entered service Oct. 28, 1863. Serg't Comp'y K, 

1st Cav., . Second Lt., Oct. 25, 1864. First Lt., Mar. 7, 1865. Mustered out 

Mar. 10, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

TUCKER, EDWARD L., Macon. Second Lt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 1862. First Lt., Feb. 
16, 1863. Died at Chattanooga, Tenn., Oct. 7, 1863, of wounds received in action at 
Cotton Port, Tenn., Sept. 30, 1863. 

TUCKER, GEORGE D., Algonac. Entered service Sept. 3, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y E, 
9th Inf'y. Second Lt., Dec. 20, 1862. First Lt., Aug. 7, 1863. Mustered out Nov. 
13, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

TULLOCH, EBENEZER C, Plymouth. Entered service May 25, 1861. Serg't Maj. 2d 

Infy, . Seccmd Lt., Sept. 16, 1862. First Lt., Feb. 24, 1863. Capt., July 1, 

1864. Mustered out Nov. 16, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

TUMY, SOLOMON P., Mulr. First Lt. 3d Inf'y. May 13, 1861. Resigned Aug. 5, 1862, 
and honorably discharged. 

TUNNICLIFF, JOSEPH. Jr., Jackson. Surg. 4th Inf'y, May 16, 1861. Resigned Aug. 
— , 1861. Surg. 1st Inf'y, Aug. 17, 1861. Resigned for disability, Dec. 10, 1862, and 
honorably discharged. 

TUPPER, JOSEPH E., Clarkson. Entered service Dec. 29, 1861. Serg't Maj. 10th Inf'y, 

. Second Lt., May 13, 1863. Maj. 17th U. S. Col'd Troops, Nov. — , 1863. No 

further record. 

TURCK, WILLIAM S., Alma. Second Lt. 26th Inf'y, Sept. 1, 1862. First Lt., Ap'l 15, 
181)3. Wounded in action at Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864. Capt., Aug. 12, 1864. 
Mustered out June 4, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

TURNBULL, GEORGE W., Sherman. First Lt. Uth Inf'y, Mar. 1, 1865. Mustered out 
riept. 16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

TURNBULL, JAMES D., Chelsea. Entered service July 24, 1862, as Pvt. Comp'y K, 
2()Lli Inly. Second Lt., Ap'l 9, 1861. Mustered out May 30, 1865, and honorably 
dischaiged. 

TURNER, ALFRED B., Grand Rapids. Capt. 8th Inf'y, Aug. 12, 1861. Resigned Jan. 
9, 1862. Capt. 21st Inf'y, July 30, 1862. Wounded in action at Perry ville, Ky., Oct. 
8, 1862. Resigned Jan. 15, 1863, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 



951 



TURNER, GEOEGE H., Flint. Second Lt„ 8th Inf'y, Sept. 21, 1861. First Lt., Sept. 1, 
1862. Resigned Sept. 25, 1862, and iionorably discharged. 

TURNER, GEORGE, Midland. Second Lt. 10th Infy, Oct. 1, 1861. First Lt., June 23, 
1862. Capt., Nov. 16, 1863. Not mustered as Capt. Oapt. 1st U. S. Vet. Vol. Eng's, 
Auf?. 26, 1864. No further record. 

TURNER, GEORGE H., Coldwater. First Lt. 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. Oapt., Mar. 12, 
18ti4. Mustered out July 21, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

TURNER, JEROME W., Corunna. First Lt. and Adjt. 30th Inf'y, Nov. 28, 1864. Re- 
signed Ap'l 7, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

TURNER, SELDEN E., Hastings. Second Lt. 21st Inf'y, July 30, 1862. Resigned Jan. 
13, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

TURNER, STANLEY W., Hillsdale. Second Lt. 18th Inf'y, July 27, 1862. Resigned Jan. 
16, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

TURNER, TIMOTHY G., Coldwater. First Lt. and Q. M. 19th Inf'y, Nov. 18, 1862. 
Resigned May 25, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

TURRILL, JAMES H., Lapeer. Oapt. 7th Inf'y, June 19, 1861. Killed in action at 
Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862. 

TURRILL, REUBEN, Hubbardston. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861. Serg't Comp'y H, 

16th Inf'y, . First Lt., May 8, 1865. Mustered out July 8, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

TURVER, WILLIAM, Flint. First Lt. 2d Inf'y, Ap'l 25, 1861. Rt'Signed July 29, 1862, 
and honorably discharged. 

TURVER, EDWIN C, Saginaw City, Entered service Sept. 22, 1864. Serg't Comp'y C, 
29tli Inf'y, . Second Lt., Dec. 15, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 6, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged, 

TUTHILL, RICHARD S., . Second Lt. Batt. H, 1st Light Art., Ap'l 25, 1864. First 

Lt., Jan. 1, 1865. Resigned May 29, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

TUTTLE GRANT W., Paw Paw. Entered service Dec. 10, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y E, 
9th Cav. Second Lt., Jan. 27, 1864. Resigned Nov. 24, 1864, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

TUTTLE, JONATHAN B, Alpena. Capt. Ist Mich., or 102d U. S. Col'd Inf'y, Dec. 10, 
1863. ' Resigned May 12, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

TUTTLE, WILLIAM H., Saginaw City. Second Lt. 29th Inf'y, July 29, 1864. First Lt.. 
Feb. 19, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

TWIST CHARLES 0., Coldwater. Entered service Oct. 21, 1862, as Serg't Maj. 8th 
Cav. Second Lt., Aug. 31, 1863. Wounded in action Nov. 18, 1863. Resigned on 
account of disability, Sept. 14, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

TWOMBLY ARTHUR M., NUes. Second Lt. 25th Inf'y, Aug. 10, 1862. Wounded at 
Tebbs Bend, Ky., July 4, 1863. Resigned Sept. 18, 1864, and honorably discliarged. 

TWOOMEY, MICHAEL, Monroe. First Lt. and Q. M. 15th Inf'y, Jan, 1, 1862. Re- 
signed Sept. 3, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

TYLER ABRAM A., Jackson. Second Lt. 6th Cav., Feb. 19, 1864. First Lt., Jan. 5, 
1865. Mustered out Nov. 24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

TYLER, JOHN, Detroit. Private Comp'y A, 1st (3 months) Inf'y, May 1, 1861. Mus- 
tered out Aug. 7, 1861. First Lt. 17th Infy, June 17, 1862. Capt., Jan. 24, 1863. 
Wounded in action at Campbell's Station, Tenn.. Nov. 16, 1863. Capt. Vet. Reserve 
Corps, May 3, 1864. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865 "for gallant and meiitonous 
conduct in the battle of Campbell's Station. Tenn » M ustered out Jan. 30, 1867 First 
Lt 43d U S Inf'y July 28, 1866. Bvt. Capt. U. S. A., Mar. 2, 1867, " for gallant and 
meritorious service in the battle of South Mountain, Md." Bvt. Maj. U. S. A Mai-. 
2 1867 "for o-allant and meritorious service in the attack on Campbells btation. 
Tenn."' Translerred to 1st Infy Ai.ril 8, 1869. Retired May 29, 1874. " for loss of 
left arm from wound received in Une of duty." 



952 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

TYLER, WILLIAM L., Union. Entered service Auif. 7, 1862. Serg't Corap'y C, 19th 

Inf'y, . First Lt., Oct. 28, 1864. Capt., June 15, 1865. Mustered out as First 

Lt., June 10, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

TYLER, GEORGE B., Coldwater. Second Lt. Batt. F, 1st Light Art., Oct. 15, 1861. 
Killed in a skirmish at Henderson, Ky., June 30, 1862. 

TYLER, RICHARD W., Wayne. Entered service Dec. 26, 1861, as Serg't Comp'v K, 1st 
U. S. S. S. Second Lt., Nov. 27, 1863. First Lt., Mav 23, 1864. Wounded in action 
Aug. 16, 1864. Resigned Nov. 9, 1864. Second Lt. Vet. Reserve Corps, Oct. 25, 1864. 
Bvt. First Lt. and Capt. U. S. Vol's, March 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious 
service during the war." Mustered out Oct. 15, 1866. First Lt. 44th U. S. Inf'y, 
July 28, 1866. Bvt. Captain U. S. A., March 2, 1867, "for gallant and meritorious 
service in the battle of Deep Bottom, Va.' Retired with rank of CapLain, Dec. 15, 
1870, "for loss of left arm from wound received in line of duty." 

TYNDAL, ANTHONY P., Kalamazoo. Entered service . Serg't 13th Inf'y, . 

Second Lt., Mar. 19, 1864. First Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out July 25, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

UNDERHILL, ANDREW J., Grand Traverse. Entered service Aug. 15, 1862, as Serg't 
Comp'y A, 26th Inf'y. Second Lt., Mar. 13, 1863. Resigned Oct. 10, 1863, and hoa- 
orably discharged. 

UNDERHILL, WILLIAM N., Detroit. First Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. Resigned 
Dec. 31, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

UNDERWOOD, JOHN, Adrian. Entered service Sept. 11, 1861. Q. M. Serg't 11th Inf'y, 

. First Lt., Nov, 14, 1862. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1864. First Lt. and R. Q. M. 

11th Inf'y, Mar. 1, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

UPTON, JOHN B., Lawrence. First Lt. and Q. M. 28th Inf'y, Aug. 15, 1864. Mustered 
out June 5, 1865, and honorably discliarged. 

UPJOHN, WILLIAM, Hastings. Surg. 7th Cav., N')v. 1, 1863. Mustered out Dec. 15, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

VAN ANTWERP, WILLIAM W. Jackson. Second Lt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 18'52. First 
Lt., Dec. 18, 1862. Capt., June 27, 1863. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Ap'l 2, 1865, "for 
gallant and meritorious service in the recent campaigns in Tennessee, Alabama, and 
Georgia. " Mustered out July 2, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

VAN ARSDALE, PETER, Saugatuck. Second Lt. 13th Inf'y, Oct. 3, 1861. Fir^t Lt., 
July 13, 1862. Capt., Feb. 23, 1863. Mustered out Jan. 16, 1865. Maj., Ap'l 25, 
1865. Lt. Col., May 12, 1865. Mustered out July 25, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

VAN ATTER, RICHARD N., Watervliet. Entered service Aug. 20,1861. Corp'l Com'y 

M, 1st Cav., . Second Lt., Nov. 12, 1862. Wounded in action at Monterey, ML, 

Juiy 4, 1863. Taken prisoner July 6, 1863. Exchanged . Resigned March 24, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

VAN BUSKIRK, JOSEPH, Flint. Entered service May 25, 1861. Serg t Maj. 2d Inf'y, 

. Second Lt., Dec. 1, 1862. First Lt., Feb. i6, 1863. Wounded in action at 

Jackson, Miss , July 11, 1863. Capt., July 12, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 6, 1864, anjd 
honorably discharged. 

VAN CLE YE, AUGUSTUS A., Ypsilanti. Second Lt. 2()th Inf'y, Julv 29, 1862. Fiist 
Lt., Oct. 14, 186-J. Capt., Nov. 28, 1863. Resigned Jan. 12, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

VANCE, HENRY, Muskegon. Entered service Aug. 30, 1861, as Serg't Corap'y E, 2d 
Cav. Second Lt., June 2, 1862. Fir.st Lt., Oct. 26, 1862. Capt., Mar. 1, 1864. Maj., 
July 31, 1.^65. Mustered out as Capt., Aug. 17, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

VANDERBURGH, ABRAM C. Port Huron. First Lt. 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. Capt., 
Dec. 1, 1862. Honorably discharged for disability, Nov. 10, 3 863. 

VANDERBURGH, FRANCIS M., Port Huron. Entered service Nov. 15, 1861, as Serg't 
Comp'y E, .0th Inf y. Second Lt , Jun.^ 20, 1862. First Lt,, Aug, 1, 1862. Wounded 
in action at Antioch Station, Tenn.. Ap'l 10, 1863. Died of wounds Ap'l 18, 1863 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 



953 



VANDERBUEGH, DAVID W., Port Huron. Ass't Surg. lOth Inf'y, March 01, 18u3. 
Mustered out July 19, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

VANDEELIP, HUGH F., Detroit. Entered service Auij. 11, 1862. Serg't Coaip'y A, 
2'lth Inf y, . Second Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out June 30, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

VANDER VEEN, AEEND, Grand Haven. Entered service Sept. 11, 1861. Hospl Slew'd 
8lh Inf'y, . Ass't Surg., Feb. 26, 1863. Mustered out July 30, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

VAN DETJSEN, CHARLES, Muskegon. Entered service June 10, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 
A, 3d Inf'y, . First Lt., Apl 10, 1864. Mustered out June 20, 1864, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

VANDEWALKER, ALBERT, Clinton. Entered service Sept. 21. 1861. Serg't Comp'y 

H, 1st Eng's and Mech's, . First Lt., Jan. 1, 1864. Mastered out Oct. 26, 1864, 

and honorably discharged. 

VAN DYNE ORANGE W.,, Lvons. Entered service Aug. 27, 1861. Serg't Comp'y C, 

5th Inf'y, . Second Lt., Oct. 12, 1864. First Lt., Dec. 21, 1864. ,»iustered out 

Juiy 5, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

VAN DYKE ABNEE, Marshall. Entered service Aug. 19, 1862, as Pvt. Comp'y A. 25th 
lufy. First Lt. 1st Mich., or 102d U. S. Col. Inf'y, Feb. 7, 1864. Resigned Aug. 31, 
1864, and honorably discharged. 

VAN HISE RUNYAN, Lawton, Entered service Oct. 26, 1861. Seig't Comp'y K, 12th 

Iiify, - . Second Lt., Mar. 15, 1864. First Lt., July 3, 1864. Eesiyned Dec. 31, 

1864, and honorably discharged. 

VAN LOO CORNELIUS, Greenville. Entered service Aug. 15, 1862. Serg't Comp'y F, 

21st luf y, . First Lt., Dec. 1, 1862. Wounded in action at Chiclvamaiiga, Ga,, 

Sept. 20, 1863. ' Mustered out June 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

VAN OSTRAND, HENRY, Grand Rapids. Ass't Surg. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 9, 
1863. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

VAN PELT GEOEGE W., Coldwater. Entered service ISIay 31, 1861, as* Serg't Maj. 
Batt. A.'lst Light Art. Second Lt., Oct. 6, 1861. First Lt., Nov. 24, 1862. Killed in 
action at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 19, 1863. 

VANEIPEE, CHAELESA., Cassopolis. First Lt. 12th Inf'y, Oct. 10, 1861. Wounded 
in action at Shiloh, Tenn., Ap'l 6, 1862. Resigned Feb. 28, 1863, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

VAN SICKLE, MOEATIO, Utica. Entered service Aug. 22 1861. Serg't Comp'y H 7th 

Inf'y, . First Lt., June 22, 1863. Maj., Oct. 5, 1864. Lt. Col., Nov. 18, 1864. 

Honorably discharged as Maj., May 15, 1865. 

VAN VALER, COENELIUS B., Hillsdale. Capt. 18th Inf'y July 27 1862. Resigned 
Aug. 1, 1863. Capt. 4th Inf'y, Ap'l 5, 1864. Bvt. Maj U S. \ol s beivt. 30 1864 
" for gallant service at the battle of Peeble's Farm, Va." Eesigned Oct. 2, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

VAN VLEET, ALFEED H., Detroit. Entered service May 25, 1861 as ^^t Comp'y E 
2d Int> First Lt. and Adj. 11th Cav., June 1, 1864. Eesigned July 20, l6bo, and 
honorably discharged. 

VAN VLEET EZEKIEL, Eidgeway. First Lt. 13th Inf'y, Oct. 3, 1861. Capt., July 13, 
1862. Eesigned Feb. 28, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

VAN VLIET FEEDERICK, Bloomfield. Second Lt. 29th Inf'y, July 29, 1864. Killed in 
action on the Shelby viUe pike near Nashville. Tenn., Dec. 15, 1S64. 

VFEDEE CHAELES S., Hillsdale. Entered service Aug. 24, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 
16th Inf y. — First Lt., May 8, 1865. Mustered out July 8, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 



954 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

VERNOR, JAMES, Detroit. Entered service Aug. 14, 1862. Hosp'l Stew'd 4th Cav., 

. Second Lt., Sept. 20, 1864. Mustered out July 1, 1866, and honorably dis- 

chsLi-f^ed. 

VESEY, JAMES W., Sturgis. Entered service June 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'v C, 4th 
Iiif'y. Second Lt., Nov. 18, 1862. Died June 3, 1864, of wounds received near Rich- 
mond, Va. 

VICKERY, RICHARD S., Ann Arbor. Entered service as Pvt. Comp'y F, 2d Inf'y, May 
17, 1861. Ass'tSurg., Aug. 8, 1862. Wounded in action, June 30, 1864. Surg., Sept. 
1, 1864. Discharged for disability, Mar. 11, 1865. First Lt. and Ass't Surg. U. S. 
Army, May 14, 1867. Capt, and Ass't Surg., Dec. 28, 1867. Now in service. 

VINCENT, WESLEY, Lapeer. Ass't Surg. 11th Inf'y, Dec. 29, 1862. Resigned Ap'l 12, 
1863. Surg. 1st Mich., or 102d U. S. Col. Inf'y, Feb. 3, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 30,^ 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

VINTON, WARREN G., Detroit. Capt. 24th Inf'y, July 26, 1862. Resigned Dec. 29, 

1862, and honorably discharged. 

VINTON, HARVEY H., Vergennes. First Lt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. Capt., Mar. 16, 

1863, Maj., May 19, 1864. Lt. Col., June 6, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 24, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

VON KROUT, MAX, Grand Rapids. First Lt. 3d Inf'y, May 13, 1861. Capt., Aug. 1, 
18Gi. Resigned Nov. 28, 1861, for disability, and honorably discharged. 

VOORHEIS, DANIEL C, Belleville. Entered service Aug. 21, 1862. Serg't Comp'y K, 

5th Cav., . Second Lt., Ap'l 14, 1865. Not mustered as an oflBcer. Mustered 

out June 23, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

VOSPER, BENJAMIN, Saranac. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y I, 21st 
lut'y. First Lt. 2d Inf'y, Ap'l 1, 1864. Honorably discharged for disability xMay 31, 
18t54. 

VOSPER, MASON, Boston. Entered service Mar. 24, 1864, as Pvt. Comp'y E, 2d Inf'y. 
Second Lt. 27th Inf y, Ap 1 20, 1864. Killed in action near Weldon Railroad, Va., 
Aug. 19, 1864 

VOSPER, RICHARD, Hillsdale. Capt. 2d Comp'y S. S., 27th Inf'y, Feb. 27, 1864. 
Wounded in action in front of Petersburg, Va., June 18, 1864. Resigned Sept. 27, 

1864, and honorably discharged. 

VOSBURG, BERNARD, Galesburg. Capt. 13th Inf'y, Oct. 3, 1861. Resigned July 12, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

VOWELS, HENRY C, New Hudson. Entered service Jan. 20, 1862. Serg't Comp'y K, 

3d cav., . Second Lt., Mar. 1, 1863. Resigned Sept. 20, 1864, and honorably 

discharged. 

VREELAND, MICHAEL J., Brownstown. Entered service June 20, 1861, as Serg't 
Uoiup'y I, 4th Inf'y. Second Lt., Sept. 1, 1862. First Lt., Oct. 16, 1862. Wounded 
in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863. Mustered out June 30, 1864. Lt. Col. 4th 
Inf y, July 26, 1864. Bvt. Col. and Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gal- 
lant an 1 meritorious service during the war." Mustered out May 26, 1866, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

VREELAND, JOHN S., Adrian. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y K, 1st 
(3 luonthb) Infy. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. First Lt. 17th Inf'y, June 17, 1862. 
Capt., Doc. 25, 1863. Killed in action at Spottsylvauia, Va., May 12, 1864. 

VREELAND, WILLIAM S., Brownstown. Second Lt. 4th Inf'y, July 26, 1864. First 
Li., Feb. 9, 1865. Mustered out May 26, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

VROOMAN, SIDNEY B., Jonesville. First Lt. 7th Inf'y, June 19, 1861. Capt., May 22, 
1(562. Wounded in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863. Resigned Ap'l 2, 1864, 
and honorably discharged. 

WADDELL, ANDREW D., Howell. First Lt. 5th Inf'y, Fob. 1, 1864. Mustered out June 
y, 1564, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 955 

WADE, WILLIAM W„ Jonesville. Second Lt. 7th Inf y, June 19, 1861. First Lt., May 
22, 1862. Q. M., May 1, 1863. Mustered out Oct. 5, 1864. First Lt. and Q. M. 30tti 
Inf y, Nov. 28, 1864. Mustered out June 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WADE, MYEON C, Jackson. Entered service Sept. 6, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 0, 9th 
Infy, . Second Lt., Jan. 8, 1865. Resigned Aug. 10, 1865, aud honorably dis- 
charged. 

WAGAR, ALBERT, Prairie Ronde. Entered service Aug. 7, 1862. Serg't Comp'y H, 
25th Int'y, . Second Lt., Jan. 4, 1864. First Lt., Jan. o, 1864. Honorably dis- 
charged for disability Oct. 28, 1864. 

WAGER, MARTIN, Battle Creek. Second Lt. 1st S. S., June 3, 1863. Killed in action 
in front of Petersburg, Va., June 23, 1864. 

WAIT, DANIEL, Owosso. Second Lt. 14th Infy, Nov. 18, 1861. Resigned Feb. 4, 1863, 
and honorably discharged. 

WAITE, CHARLES, Rockland. First Lt. 27th Infy, Oct. 10, 1862. Capt., Jlay 1, 1863. 
Wounded in action at Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 1864. Lt. Col., Nov. 18, lb64. 
Col. Mar. 6, 1865. Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's," Ap'l 2, 1865, "for conspicuous gal- 
lantry in the assault upon Petersburg, Va." Mustered out July 26, 1866, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

WAKENSHAW, WILLIAM, Owosso. First Lt. 5th Infy, June 19, 1861. Capt., June 1, 
1862. Wounded in action in the Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1864, with loss of arm. Re- 
signed Nov. 6, 18G4. Capt. Vet. Reserve Corps, Nov. 7, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 
13, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WALBRIDGE, FIIANK E., Kalamazoo. First Lt. and Q. M. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. 
Capt. and Ass't Q. M. U. S. Vol's, June 9, 1862. Died at Kalamazoo, Ap'l 6, 1863. 

WALBRIDGE, NELSON H., Richland. Capt. 8th Infy, Aug. 12, 1861. Resigned Oct. 
27, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

WALBRIDGE, HENRY. St. Johns. Capt. 23d Infy, Aug. 1, 1862. Resigned Jan. 3, 
1864, and honorably discharged. 

WALDRON, GEORGE W., Pontiac. Entered sei-vice Mar. 26, 1862. Com. Serg't 5th 

Infy, . Second Lt., Sept. 12, 1862. First Lt. and Adjt., Jan. 25, 1863. Wounded 

in action at Locust Grove, Va., Nov. 27, 1863. Capt. and Com. of Subs. U. S. Vol's, 
May 18, 1864. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Aug. 23, 1865, " for faithful and meritorious- 
service." Mustered out Oct. 9, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WALKER, ALEXANDER, Niles. Capt. 7th Cav., Oct! 15, 1862. Wounded in action at 
Gettysburg, Pa., July 3, 1863. Maj., Feb. 14, 1864. Honorably discharged for dis- 
abihty, Nov. 28, 1864. 

WALKER, CHARLES M., Lapeer. First Lt. and Q. M. 7th Infy, Aug. 7, 1861. Re- 
signed May 1, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

WALKER, HENRY W., Ovid. Entered service Oct. 1, 1861. Q. M. Serg't 2d Cav., . 

First Lt. and Q. INl., July 31, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out Aug. 
17, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WALKER, SAMUEL G., Litchfield. Entered service June 20, 1861. Serg't Comp'y H, 
4th Infy, . Second Lt., July 18, 1862. Mustered out June 30, 1864, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

WALKER, THOMAS A., St. Joseph. Entered service Oct. 2, 1861. Serg't Comp'y B, 

12th Infy, . Second Lt., Mar. 19, 1864. Resigned Oct. 11, 1864, and honoral)ly 

discharged. 

WALKER, WILLIAM B., Owosso. Entered service Sept. 6, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y B, 
10th Infy. Second Lt., July 20. 1864. Furst Lt., Nov. 8, 1864. Capt., May 8, 1865. 
Mustered out July 19, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WALLACE, ELMER D., Detroit, Entered service Aug. 15, 1862, as Hosp'l Stew'd 24th 
Infy. First Lt., Oct. 17, 1864. Mustered out June 30, 1865, aud honorably dis- 
charged. 



S56 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK, 

WALLACE, HENRY F., Coruima. First Lt. 15th Inf'y, Jan. 1, 1862. Wounded in 
action at Sliiloli, Teun., Ap'i 6, 1862. Honorably discharged for disability, s>epD. 1, 
1862. 

WALLACE, JAMES N., Lyons. Second Lt. 9Lh Inf'y, Oct. 12, 1861. First Lt., July, 28, 
1862. Mustered out Oct. 26, 1863, lor promotion in Coi'd Troops. No further record. 

WALLACE, ROBERT C, Detroit. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y A, 1st 
(3 months) Inf y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Supernumerary Second Lt. 5lh Cav., 
Aug. 14, 1862. Second Lt., Mar. 18, 1863. Talcen prisoner at Hawkhurst's Mill. , Va., 

Ap'i ly, 1863. Exchanged, . First Lt., Nov. 2, 1863. Capt., Aug. 24, 1861. Bvt. 

Lt. Col. U. S. Vols, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service during the 
■war." Maj., Ap'i l4, 1865. Mustered ouc June 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WALLACE, THOMAS, St. Joseph. Capt. 12th Inf'y, Oct. 10, 1861. Resigned May 2, 

1862, and honorably discharged. 

WALLACE, WALTER H., Brownstown. Entered service May 25, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 
F, 2d Inf'y, -. First Lt. 21th Inf y, July 26, 1862. Killed in action at Gettys- 
burg, Pa., July 1, 1863. 

WALLIN, ALFRED C, Chicago, III. Second Lt. 6th Inf'y, Aug. 19, 1861. First Lt., 
Jan. 31, 1862. Resigned June 30, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

WALT, JOHNSON, Marshall. Entered service Sept. 13, 1861. Serg't Comp'y M, 2d 

Cav., . second Lt. July 31, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out 

Aug. 17, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WALTERS, SIDNEY, Clarkston. Entered service Sept. 8, 1863, as Corp'I Comp'y L, 
loth Cav. Second Lt., Aug. 10, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 11, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

WALSH, PATRICK, Grand Rapids. First Lt. 14th Inf'y, Nov. 18, 1861. Capt., Mar. 25, 

1863. Mustered out Feb. 10, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WALSH, MARTIN, Mill Point. Entered service Nov. 1, 1862. Com. Serg't 14th Infy, 
— . Second Lt., Aug. 8, 1863. First Lt. and Q. M., Mar. 14, 1865. Mustered out 
July 18, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WANDS, HAZZARD P., St. Clair. First Lt., 22d Inf'y, July 31, 1862. Capt., June 6, 1863. 
Taken prisoner at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 20, 1863. Paroled Mar. 1, 1865. Mus- 
tered out June 26, 1865, and honorably dibcharged. 

WARD, JAMES, Lansing. First Lt. 11th Cav., Aug. 1, 1863. Transferred to 8th Cav. 
on consolidation, July 20, 1865. Capt., July 20, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, 
and honoi'abiy discharged. 

WARD, MATTHEW H., West Point, N. Y. First Lt. and Q, M. 9th Cav., Dec. 5, 1863. 
Honorably discharged Nov. 30, 1864. 

WARD, JOHN W., Saginaw. Entered service Aug. 29, 1861. Serg't Comp'y B, 16th 

Infy, . Second Lt., May 8, 1865. First Lt., July 7, 1865. Mustered out as 

Second Lt., July 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WARNER, HENRY D., Lansing. Entered service Aug. 4, 1862. Seigt Coinp y F, 17th 

Inf y, . First Lt., Dec. 30, 1864. Mustered out June 3, 1865, and honorably dis- 

charged. 

WARNER, HIRAM S., Marshall. Second Lt. 1st (3 months) Inf'y, May 1, 1861. Mu.-. 
teied out Aug. 7, 1861. Fii st Lt. l&t Infy, Aug. 17, 1861. Capt., Dec. 10, 18. .1 
Resigned Jan. 16, 1862. First Lt. and Adjt. 2()th Inf y, July 19, 1862. Q. M., Fel.. 
24, 1863. Honorably discharged for disability July 20, 1864. 

WARNER, LINUS F., Royalton. Capt. 7th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862. Maj, t. 12, ISCi 
Transferred to 1st Cav., Nov. 17, 1865. Mustered out Mar. 27, 1866, and honorably 
discharged. 

WARNER, SILAS P., Grass Lake. Capt. 20th Inf'y, July 29, 1862. Resigned Dec. 31, 
1863, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 957 

WAENER, JEEOME B., Marshall. Entered service Oct. 31, 18G2, as Scrg't Comp'y A, 
8Lh Cav. First Lt., Jan. 8, 1864. Capt., Dec. 31, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

WARREN, GEORGE C, Detroit. Entered service June 10, 1863, as Serg't Bntt. M, 1st 
Light Art. Second Lt., Sept. 27, 1864. On detached service at muster out of Batt. 

WARREN, LANDON, Detroit. Entered service Aug. 16, 1862, as Q. M. Serg't 20th Inf'y. 
First Lt. and Q. M., Aug. 22, 1864. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out May 
30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WARREN, LEVI S., Flint. Entered service Jan. 4, 1864, as Pvt. Comp'y F, 4th Cav. 
Second Lt. 27th Inf'y, Ap'l 22, 1864. Honorably discharged Feb. 28, 1865. 

WARREN, MILES, Quincy. Second Lt. 11th Inf'y, Aug. 24, 1861. Resigned Feb. 8, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

WARREN, ROBERT L., Flint. Entered service Aug. 6, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y K, 23d 
Inf'y. Second Lt. 27th Inf'y, Jan. 8, 1863. Resigned Oct. 27, 1863, and honorably 
discharged. 

WARREN, ROBERT S., Detroit. Second Lt. 1st Cav., Nov. 17, 1863. Killed in action 
at Trevillian Station, Va., June 12, 1864. 

WARRING, WILLIAM, Oberlin, 0. Chap. 1st Mich., or 102d U. S. Col'd Inf'y, . 

Resigned May 31, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WATERMAN, JOHN H., Burr Oak. Capt. 7th Inf'y, June 19, 1861. Resigned Jan. 2, 

1862. Capt. 15th Inf'y, Jan. 1, 1862. Resigned Sept. 21, 1862, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

WATERMAN, ASA E., Hartland. Entered service Jan. 1, 1862. Serg't Batt. H, 1st 

Light Art., . Second Lt., Ap'l 25, 1864. First Lt., Dec. 27, 1864. Mustered out 

July 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WATERMAN, JASPER A., Hillsdale. First Lt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. Resigned Sept. 
8, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

WATERS, ELIJAH D., Grand Rapids. Maj. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. Resigned May 7, 

1863, and honorably discharged. 

WATERS, THOMAS J., Muskegon. Entered service June 10, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
H, 3d Inf'v. Second Lt., Oct. 28, 1861. First Lt., Aug. 5, 1862. Wounded at 
Groveton, Va., Aug. 29, 1862. Capt., Mar. 25, 1863. Mustered out June 10, 1864, 
and honorably discharged. 

WATERS, GILBERT E., Fentonville. Ass't Surg. 22d Inf'y, June 18, 1863. Not mus- 
tered. 

WATKINS, CHARLES W., Grand Rapids, Entered service Aug. 29, 1862, as Pvt. 
Comp'y B. 6th Cav. Second Lt. 10th Cav., May 25, 1864. First Lt. and Adjt., June 
16, 1865. Bvt. Capt. U. S. Vol's, March 13, 1S65, "for gallantry in action at Abott's 
Creek, N. C, and for meritorious conduct during the raid of Gen. Stoneman's Cavalry 
in the spring of 1865." Mustered out Nov. 11, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WATKINS, ORESTUS, Grand Rapids. Entered service Aug. 26, 1861. Hospital Stew- 
ard 2d Cav,, . Ass't Surg., July 31, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered 

out Aug. 17, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WATKINS, CHARLES G., Grand Blanc. Entered service Aug. 13, 1861. Com. Serg't 

8th Inf'y, , First Lt., Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out July 30, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

WATKINS, GILBERT A., Porter. Entered service Aug. 12, 1861. Q. M. Serg't 9th 

I„f y^ . Second Lt., Oct. 15, 1864. Furst Lt., Jan. 8, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 

15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WATROUS, WILLIAM W., Marshall. Entered service Feb. 10, 1862. Serg't Comp'y 

H, 12th Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 12, 1865. Mustered out Feb. 15, 1866, and 

honorably discharged. 



958 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

WATSON, AMASA B., Muskegon. Maj. 8th Infy, Aug. 19, 1861. Wounded in action 
at Port Koyal, S. C, Jan. 1, 1862. Besigned Sept. 10, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

WATSON, CHARLES, Marshall. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y E, 
6th luf'y. Second Lt., Sept. 1, 1862. First Lt., Oct. 1, 1863. Resigned duly 20, 

1864, and honorably discharged. 

WATSON, CHARLES, Lyons. Entered service Aug. 21, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y B, 10th 
Cav. Second Lt., Sept. 2, 1S65. Mustered out Nov. 11, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

WATSON, EDWARD M., Marquette. Entered service Aug. 23, 1861, as Corp'l Comp'y 
B, 1st Cav. First Lt. 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. Capt., iMar. 15, 1864. Wounded in 
action at Morristovrn, Tenn., . Resigned as First Lt., Sept. 15, 1864, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

WATSON, JAMES W., Colon. Entered service July 10, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y C. 17th 
Infy. First Lt., May 26, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out June 3, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

WATSON, NATHANIEL P., York. Capt. HaU's S. S., Sept. 13, 1864. Transferred to 
1st S. S. Mar. 15, 1865. Mustered out July 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WATTS, JOHN S., Adrian. Second Ass't Surg. 4th Infy, Aug. 23, 1862. Ass't Surg., 
Mar. 13, 1863. Mustered out June 29, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

WATTS, RICHARD A. Adrian. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y K, 1st (3 
months) Infy. Wounded in action at Bull Run, Va., July 21, 1861. Mustered out 
Aug. 7, 1861. Second Lt. 17th Infy, June 17, 1862. First Lu, Feb. 1, 1863. Adjt., 
Nov. 1, 1863. Wounded in action la front of Petersburg, Va., June 17, 1864. Bvt. 
Capt. U. S. Vol's, to date July 6, 1864, "for gallant and distinguished service at the 
battle of Spottsylvania, Va., and during the operations in front of Petersburg, Va. " 
AVounded in action at Petersburg, Va., July 30, 1864. Capt., Oct. 14, 1864. Bvt. 
Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 25, 1865, "for gallant and distinguished service at Fort Stead- 
man, Va." Wounded in action at Petersburg, Va., Ap'l 2, 1865. Bvt. Lt. Col. U. S. 
Vol's, Ap'l 2, 1865, "for gallant and distinguished service in the assault upon the ene- 
my's lines in front of Fort Sedgwick, Va." Mustered out July 15, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

WAY, WILLIAM B., Pontiac. First Lt. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Maj. 9th Cav., Nov. 
3, 1862. Lt. CuL, Nov. 30, 1863. Col. June 27, 1865. Mustered out as Lt. Col., 
July 21, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WAY, WILLIAM C, Plymouth. Chap. 24th Infy, July 26, 1862. Mustered out June 
30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WEARE, DANIEL G., Pentwater. Surg. 6th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862. Mustered out Nov. 7, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

WEATHERHEAD, WM. A., Tecumseh. First Lt. 18th Infy, July 27, 1862. Capt., Feb. 
21, 1864. Taken prisoner at Athens, Ala,, Sept. 24, 1864. Paroled Nov. 14, 1864. 
Mustered out June 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WEATHERWAX, JOHN M., Georgetown. Second Lt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. Capt., 
July 1, 1862. Wounded in action at Perryville, Ky., Oct. 8, 1862. Wounded m 
action at Mossy Creek, Tenn., Dec. 29, 1863. Mustered out Oct. 22, 1864, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

WEATHERWAX, GEORGE, Georgetown. Capt. 3d Infy, May 13, 1861. Resigned Oct. 
19, 1861, for disability, and honorably discharged. 

WEATHERWAX, JACOB, Georgetown. Entered service Oct. 3, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y 
M., 10th Cav. Second Lt., Jan. 22, 1864. Resigned Nov. 5, 1864, cause, disabiUty, 
and honorably discharged. 

WEATHERWAX, BEN K., Georgetown, Capt. 10th Cav., July 25, 1863. Killed in action 
at Watauga Bridge, Carter's Station, Tenn., Ap'i 25, 1864. 

WEAVER, LELAND S., Newaygo. Ass't Surg. 3d Cav., Mar. 10, 1865. Not mustered. 



■ 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 959 

WEAVER, STEPHEN J., Niles. Entered service Jan. 6,1862. Serg't Maj. 12th Infv, 
. Second Lt, Jan. 7, 1865. Resigned June 12, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WEAVER, FRANKLIN D., Buchanan. Second Lt. 25th Inf'y, Aug. 10, 1862. First Lt., 
July 26, 1863. Died of disease at Mossy Creek, Tenn., Ap'l 2, 1864, 

WEBB, ROLLIN S., Monroe. Entered serv-ice Aug. 21, 1862. Serg't Comp'y C, 5th 

Cav., . Second Lt., Ap'l 14, 1865. Mustered out June 22, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

WEBB, CARLOS N., Saline. Entered service Jan. 4, 1864, as Pvt. 6th Inf'y. Second 
Lt. nth Inf'y, Mar. 1, 1865. First Lt., Aug. 1, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 16, 18G5, 
and honorably discharged. 

WEBB, CLEMENT C, Kalamazoo. Capt. 13th Inf'y, Oct. 3, 1861. Wounded in action 
at Stone River, Tenn., Dec. 29, 1862. Died Feb, 14, 1863, of wounds received Dec, 
29, 1862. 

WEBBER, JACOB, Lansing. First Lt. 16th Inf'y, Aug. 9, 1861. Resigned Jan. 19, 1863, 
and honorably discharged. 

WEBER, PETER A., Grand Rapids, Batt. Adjt, 2d Cav., ^ept. 2, 1861. Mustered out 
June 1, 1862. Capt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. Killed in action at Falling Waters, Md., 
July 14, 1863. 

WEBSTER, GUY, Ionia, Entered service Sept. 1, 1861, as Serg't Comp'v D, 3d Cav. 
Second Lt., June 10, 1862. First Lt., Nov, 1, 1862, Mustered out Oct, 3, 1864, and 
honorably discharged. 

WEBSTER, LEWIS M., Flint. Entered service Aug. 10, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 8th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., July 5, 1864. First Lt., Nov. 20, 1864. Resigned May 20, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

WEBSTER, LEWIS, East Saginaw. First Lt. 16th Inf'y, Mar. 19, 1862. Capt., July 29, 

1862. Resigned Dec. 11, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

WEEKS, WILLIAM C, Saugatuck. Entered service July 22, 1862. Serg't Comp'y I, 

5th Cav., . First Lt., Feb. 1, 18(i5. Wounded in action at Five Forks, Va., Ap'l 

1, 1865. Honorably discharged July 20, 1865. 

WEEKS, JOSEPH H., Battle Creek. First Lt. 20th Inf'y, July 29, 1862. Resigned Feb, 
28, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

WEEKS, EDGAR, Mt. Clemens. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861, as Serg't Compy B, 5th 
Inf'y. First Lt. and Adjt. 22d Inf'y, Aug. 2, 1862. Capt., Nov. 27, 1862. Resigned 
Nov. 17, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

WEIMER, GEORGE, Saranac. Entered service Aug. 5, 1862. Serg't Comp'y I, 21st 
Infy, . Second Lt., Dec. 16, 1862. First Lt., Feb. 3, 1863. Capt,, Aug. 24, 

1863. Mustered out June 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WEIR, THOMAS B., Ann Arbor. Second Lt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. First Lt., June 19, 

1862. Capt., Nov. 1, 1862. Taken prisoner June 26, 1862. Exchanged, . Jlaj., 

Dec. 7, 18ti4. Lt. Col., July 4, 1865. Mustered out Feb. 12, 1866. First Lt. 7th U. 
S. Cav., July 28, 1866. Capt., July 31, 1867. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Army, July 31, 1867, 
"for gallant and meritorious service in the battle of Farmington, Tenn." B\t. Lt. 
Col. U. S. Aimy, July 31, 1867, "lor gallant and meritorious service in the engage- 
ment with Gen. Forrest near Ripley, Miss., Dec. 1, 1863." Died at N. Y. City, Dec. 
9, 1876. 

WEIR, ANDREW C, Hillsdale. First Lt. 4th Inf'y, July 26, 1864. Mustered out May 
26, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

WELCH, AMOS C, Port Huron. Entered service Sept. 10, 1861. Serg't Comp'y K, 2d 

Cav., . Second Lt., July 31, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out 

Aug. 17, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WELCH, EDWARD G., Ann Arbor. Entered service Oct. 1, 1862. Com. Serg't 16th Infy, 

. Second Lt., May 8, 1865. First Lt., July 7, 1865, Mustered out as Second 

Lt,, July 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 



960 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

WELCH, JOHN C, Niles. Entered service Dec. 25, 1861. Serpr't Comp'y C, 12th Inf'y, 
. Second Lt, July 3, 1864. First Lt, Jan. 7, 1865. Capt., Ap'l 15, 1865. Mus- 
tered out Feb. 15, 1866, and lionorably discliarged. 

WELCH, NORVAL E., Ann Arbor. Maj. 16tli Infv, Aug. 22, 1861. Lt. Col., July 6, 
1862. CoL, May 8, 1863. Killed in action near Poplar Grove Church, Va., Sept. 30, 
1864. 

WELCH, WALLACE, Ann Arbor. Entered service Sept. 16, 1861, as Q. M. Serg't 16th 
Inf'y. First Lt. and Q. M., Sept. 8, 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

WELLING, DEWITT C, Jackson. Entered service ISTay 1, 1861, as Corp'l Comp'y B, 1st 
(3 months) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. RetSntered service Nov. 4, 1861, as 
Serg't Comp'y G, 10th Inf'y. Second Lt., Nov. 10, 1862. First Lt., May 13, 1863. 
Wounded in action at Peach Tree Creek, Ga., July 20, 1864. Honorably discharged 
for disabiUty, Feb. 22, 1865. 

WELLINGS, JAMES H., Dewitt. Entered service , as Pvt. 1st Independent 

Comp'y S. S. Second Lt. 2d Inf'y, Ap'l 1, 1864. Honorably discharged Dec. 28, 
1864. 

WELLINGTON, ELBRIDGE G., Bengal. Entered service July 18, 18G2, as Serg't 
Comp'y A, 23d Inf'y. Second Lt., Feb. 26, 1863. First Lt., July 16, 1864. Resigned 
Aug. 19, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

WELLINGTON, DANIEL T., St. Johns. Entered service Oct. 14, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 

B, 3d Cav., . Second Lt.. Aug. 30, 1863. First Lt., Oct. 3, 1864. Capt., Dec. 7, 

1864. Mustered out Feb. 12, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

WELLS, ALBERT, Grand Rapids. Entered service Sept. 19, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y B, 
1st Eng's and Mech's. First Lt., Jan. 1, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 26, 1864, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

WELLS, ALLEN G., Wellsville. Capt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 1862. Resigned Mar31, 1863, 
and honorably discharged. 

WELLS, BEZALEEL P., Niles. Capt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. Mustered out Oct. 22, 
1864, and honorably discharged. 

WELLS, DANIEL T., Detroit. Capt. 1st Cav.. Nov. 12, 1862. Resigned June 21, 1863. 
Second Lt. 8th U. S. Inf'y, to rank from Feb. 19, 1863. Bvt. 1st Lt., Sept. 29, 1864, 
"for gallant and meritorious service in the assault on Fort Harrison, Va." Bvt. Capt, 
U. S. Army, Ap'l 2, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious service in front of Petersburg, 
Va." Bvt. Maj. U. S. Army, Ap'l 2, 1865, "for gallant conduct in the capture of Fort 
Harrison, Va., and succeeding engagements at that place." First Lt. 8th U. S. 
Inf y, Feb. 13, 1866. Regimental Adjt., Nov. 21, 1866, to Mar. 1, 1868. Capt., Dec. 
15, 1874. Now in service. 

WELLS, GEORGE A., Ann Arbor. Entered service Sept. 23, 1861. Q. M. Serg't 8tb 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Ap'l 15. 1863. First Lt., June 17, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 

5, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

WELLS, GEORGE H., Tecumseh. Second Lt. 18th Inf'y, July 27, 1862. Resigned Dec. 
10, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

WELLS, GEORGE M., Niles. Capt. 11th Cav., Aug. 1, 1863. Transferred to 8th Cav. 
upon consolidation, July 20, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

WELLS, HENRY H., Detroit. Maj. 26th Inf'y, Oct. 4, 18G2. Lt. Col., Oct. 9, 1862. 
Col., Mar. 30, 1864. Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, June 3, 1865, " for meritorious ber- 
vice." Mustered out Sept. 27, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WELLS, HENRY A., Port Huron. Entered service Sept. 17, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 0, 3d 

Cav., . Second Lt., Oct. 17, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out 

Feb. 12, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

WELLS, JAMES M., Schoolcraft. Entered service Dec. 23, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y F, 
8th Cav. Second Lt., Mar. 2, 1863. Taken prisoner in action near Athens, Tenn., 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. »61 

Sept 27, 1863. Escaped from Libby Prison, Feb. 9, 1864. Capt., May 2, 1864. 
Taken prisoner during Stoneman's raid, Aug. 31, 1864. Exchanged Sept. 28, 1864. 
Mustered out July 20, 1865, on consolidation with 11th Cav., and honorably dis- 
charged. 

WELLS, JOHN H., Comstock. First Lt. 25th Infy, Aug. 10, 1862. Capt., Dec. 10, 1863. 
Mustered out June 24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WELLS, MORRIL, Kalamazoo. Entered service Sept. 30, 1861. Serg't Oomp'y F, 3d 

Cav., . Second Lt., Sept. 5, 1864. First Lt., Nov. 17, 1864. Mustered out Feb. 

12, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

WELLS, MORRIS B., Ionia. Second Lt. 16th Infy, Aug. 9, 1861. First Lt. and Adjt. 
21st Infy, July 26, 1862. Wounded in action at Stone River, Tenn., Dec. 31, 1862. 
Lt. Col., Feb. 3, 1863. Billed in action at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 20, 1863. 

WELLS, RICHARD D., Oakfield. Entered service Oct. 31, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y C, 
13th Infy. Second Lt., Jan. 7, 1863. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out 
, and honorably discharged. 

WELLS, SAMUEL, Prairie Ronde. First Lt. 8th Cav., Nov. 1, 1862. Capt., Mar. 2, 
1863. Mustered out July 20, 1865, on consolidation with 11th Cav., and honorably 
discharged. 

WELLS, THOMAS W., Marshall. Entered service Aug. 13, 1862. Serg't Maj. 17th 
Infy, . Second Lt., Feb. 22, 1863. Resigned Aug. 3, 1863, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

WELTON, EVERARD B., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 13, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y H, 
24th Infy. First Lt., July 1, 1863. Mustered out June 30, 1805, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

WELTON, FERDINAND, Detroit. Entered service Aug. 18, 1862. Serg't Comp'y H, 
24th Infy, . First Lt.. Jan. 21, 1865. Mustered out June 30, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

WEMPLE, CHARLES P., Grass Lake. Entered service Aug. 7, 1862. Serg't Comp'y 
F, 17th Infy, . Second Lt., May 26, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mus- 
tered out June 3, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WENDELL, CHARLES E., Detroit. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y F, 
1st (3 months) Infy. Capt. 1st Infy, Aug. 17. 1861. Killed in action at Bull Run, 
■Va., Aug. 30, 1862. 

WESENER, HUGO, Saginaw. Second Lt. 5th Infy, June 19, 1861. Resigned Ap'1 16, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

WEST, DANIEL, Attica. Second Lt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 1862. Resigned Deo. 20, 1862, 
and honorably discharged. 

WEST, ICHABOD M.. Adrian. Entered service Sept. 1, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y G, 11th 
Cav. Second Lt., Nov. 14, 1864. First Lt., Dec. 18, 1864. Mustered out Mar. 7, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

WEST, GEORGE S., Lexington, Supernumerary Second Lt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. 
Mustered out June 1, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

WEST, GEORGE I., Lexington. Capt. 11th Cav., Aug. 1, 1863. Maj., Feb. 1, 1864. 
Resigned Jan. 21, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WEST, LEVI, Adrian. Entered service Aug. 28, 1862. Serg't Comp'y G, 15th Infy, 

. Second Lt., June 6, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 13, 1865, and honorably dis- 

charged. 

WEST, ARNOLD J., Saginaw. First Lt. 3d Comp'y S. S., 16th Infy, May 1, 1864. 
Wounded in action Sept. 30, 1864. Capt. 16th Infy, May 8, 1865. Honorably dis- 
charged as First Lt. May 15, 1865. 

WESTON, RUSSELL M., NUes. Capt. 12th Inf' y, Oct 13, 1861. Resigned May 7, 1862, 
and houorably discharged. 
121 



9«3 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

WESTFALL, BENJAMIN, Hudson. Entered service June 20, 1861. Sera't Ooap'y F, 

4th Inf'y, . Second Lt., Mar. 7, 1863. Wounded in action at Gettysburg, Pa., 

July 2, 1863. Mustered out June 29, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

WETHERALD, EICHARD C, Flint. Second Lt. 13th Batt. Light Ait., Dec. 12, 1862. 
Mustered out Feb. 29, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

WETMOEE, ALBERT G., Allegan. Entered service Oct. 24, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y C, 
13th Inf'y. Second Lt., May 26, 1864. First Lt., July 5, 1865. Aiusiered out as 
Second Lt., July 25, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WHALEY, JOHN, Kalamazoo. First Lt. 19th Inf'y, July 28, 1862. Resigned Nov. 24, 
1862, and honorably discharged. 

WHALLON, JAMES M., Fawn River. Entered service Aug. 24, 1861. Serg't Maj. 11th 
Inf'y, . Second Lt., Jan. 7, 1863. Resigned Jan. 15, 1864, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

WHEAT, EDWARD S., Quincy. First Lt. Batt. D, 1st Light Art., June 20, 1862. Mus- 
tered out Feb. 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WHEATON, JAMES H., Chelsea. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y D, Ist 
(3 months) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. RelMitered service Aug. 19, 1861, as 
Serg't Comp'y F, 1st Inf'y. Second Lt., July 14, 1862. Wounded at Bull Run, Va., 
Aug. 30, 1862. First Lt., Aug. 30, 1862. Capt., Jan. 1, 1864. Killed in action near 
Poplar Grove Church, Va., Sept. 30, 1864. 

WHEDON. ALBERT, S., Batavia. Entered service Dec. 29, 1864. Serg't Maj. 30th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., May 31,1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out 

June 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WHEELER, FRANK, Tecumseh. Entered service June 20, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y G, 4th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., July 1, 1865. Mustered out May 26, 1866, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

WHEELER, HARRISON H., Bav City. Entered service Nov. 1, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
C, 10th Inf'y. Second Lt., June 2, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 31, 1863. Wounded in 
action at Jonesboro, Ga., Sept. 1, 1864. Capt., Feb. 24, 1865. Resigned to date Feb. 
21, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WHEELER, GEORGE S., Green Oak. First Lt, 5th Cav., Aug. 14, 1862. Honorably 
discharged Mar. 27, 1863. 

WHEELER, WILLIAM W., St. Joseph. Capt. 6th luf'y, Aug. 19, 1861. Maj. 23d Inf'y, 
Ap'16, 1863. Lt. Col., Ap'l 16, 1864. Col. 28th Inf'y, Aug. 15, 1864. Mustered out 
July 12, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

WHEELER, WILLIAM H., Adrian, Entered service Aug, 21, 1861, as Corpl Comp'y 
E, 1st Cav. First Lt., Nov. 12, 1862. Mustered out Oct. 14, 1864, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

WHEELER, WILLIAM T,, Detroit. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Corp'l Comp'y F, 
1st (3 months) Inf'y. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Second Lt., 8th Inf'v, Nov. 15, 
1861. Resigned Ap'l 7, 1862. Serg't Comp'y I, 24th Inl'y, July 29, 1862. Second 
Lt., Mar. 1, 1863. Mustered out , and honorably discharged. 

WHELAN, ARVIN P., Hillsdale. Ass't Surg. 11th Inf'v, Nov. 12, 1861. Resigned Oct. 
13, 1662. Surg. 1st S. S., Jan. 1, 1863. Bvt. Lt. Col. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, 
" for faitiifui and meritorious service." Mustered out July 28, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

WHIPPLE, WILLIAM L , Detroit. First Lt. Comp'y H. 1st Mich. Vol's, Mexican war, 
Oct. 30, 1847. Mustered out, July 23, 1848. Capt. 2d Inf'y, Ap'l 25, 1861. Lt. Col. 
21st Inf'y, Aug. 13, 1862. Died of typhoid fever at Nashville, Tenn., Nov. 16, 1862. 

WHIPPLE, JOHN C, Monroe. Entered sei-vlce June 20, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 4th 

lufy, . First Lt. 18th Inf'y, Aug. 13, 1862. Adjt., Oct. 6, 1862. Capt., Ap'l 17, 

1864. Mustered out June 26, 1865, snid honorably discharged. 



I 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 963 

IVHIPPLE, FRANCIS, Hillsdale. Entered service Aug. 21, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y C, Ist 
U. 8. S. S. Second Lt. 1st Mich. S. S., Mar. 31, i863. Wounded in action at Spott- 
sylvania, Va., May 12, 1864. First Lt., June 20, 1864. Mustered out Deo. 15, 1864, 
and honorably discharged. 

WHIPPLE, HENRY C, Grand Rapids. First Lt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. First Lt. and 
Adjt., Ap'l 15, 1863. Capt. and Ass't Adjt. Gen. U. S. Vol's, Sept. 19, 1863. Re- 
signed Ap'l 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WHISSEN, WILSON H., Detroit. First Lt. Batt. H, 1st Light Art,, Mar. 10, 1862. 
Resigned Dec. 22, 1862, and honorably discharged. First Lt., Mar, 15, 1863. Not 
mustered. 

WHITCOMB, LEWIS J., Paw Paw. Chap. 13th Inf'y, Aug. 7, 1863. Honorably dis- 
charged for disability, Mar. 17, 1865. 

WHITE, ADRIAN C, Battle Creek. Entered service July 23, 1862. Serg't Maj. 20th 

Inf'y, . First Lt., Oct. 24, 1864. Adjt. to rank" from Aug. 22, 1864. Capt., 

Mar. 11, 1865. Mustered out as Adjt,, May 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WHITE, DAVID, Allegan. Entered service Sept. 4, 1861. Serg't Comp'y A, 3d Cav., 
. Second Lt., Dec. 7, 1864. Mustered out Feb. 12, 1866, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

WHITE, FRANK H., Grand Haven. Entered service Feb. 5, 1862, as Q. M. Serg't 14th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., Dec. 1, 1862. First Lt. and Q. M., Dec. 1, 1862. Mustered out 
Mar. 14, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WHITE, GEORGE S., Ann Arbor. Entered service Aug. 30, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y K, 
5th Cav. Second Lt., Nov. 25, 1862. First Lt., July 3, 1863. Q. M., Mar. 5, 1864. 
Capt., Aug. 1, 1864. Declined. Bvt. Capt. U. S. Vols, Mar. 13, lb65, "for gallant 
and meritorious service during the war." Mustered out June 22, 1865, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

"WHITE, GEORGE W., Fentonville. Entered service Sept. 20, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
F, 1st Eng's and Mech's. Second Lt., Aug. 18, 1862. First Lt., Jan. 1, 1864. Mus- 
tered out Oct. 26, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

WHITE, HENRY K, Lapeer. Capt. 1st Cav., Aug. 22, 1861. Resigned Nov. 5, 1862, 
and honorably discharged. 

WHITE, HENRY M., Northvillo. Entered service Aug. 14, 1862. Serg't Comp'y D, 5th 

Oav., . Second Lt., Ap'l 14, 1865. First Lt., July 3, 1865. Mustered out as 

Second Lt., July 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WHITE, JACOB M., Kalamazoo. Entered service Nov. 21, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 1st 

Eng's and Mech's, . Second Lt., May 29, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, 

and honorably discharged. 

WHITE, JAMES E., Kalamazoo. First Lt. 13th Inf'y, Oct. 3, 1861. Adj't, Dec. 24, 
1862. Capt., Jan. 20, 1863. Resigned Sept. 3, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

WHITE, NATHAN F., Ypsilanti. Entered service Mar. 6, 1863, as Pvt. Comp'y G, 27th 
Inf'y. Second Lt., May 25, 1863. Resigned Ap'l 22, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

WHITE, PHINEAS G., Lapeer. Entered service Aug. 29, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y F, 1st 
Cav. Second Lt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 16, 1863. Resigned July 
11, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WHITE, SAMUEL, Jb., Grand Rapids. Entered service Sept. 16, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y 
D, 10th Cav. Second Lt., Nov. 5, 1864. Resigned Aug. 26, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

WHITE, SHUBAEL P., Convls. First Lt. 28th Inf'y, Aug. 15, 1864. Capt., Dec. 10. 
1864. Mustered out June 5, 1866, and honorably dischaiged. 

WHITE, WILLIAM, Saugatuck. Entered service Aug. 15, 1862. S(>rg't Comp'y I, 5th 

Cav,, . Second Lt., Ap'l 14, 1865. Mustered out June 22, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 



964 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

WHITE, WILLIAM H., Wayland. First Lt. 17th Infy, June 17, 1862. Resigned Maiv 
20, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

WHITE, WILLIAM H., Otsego. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861. Serg't Comp'y G, 6th 
Inf'y, . First Lt., July 1, 1862. Died of disease at Carrolton, La., Oct. 19, 1862. 

WHITEHEAD, ALVAN H., Waterford. Entered service Dec. 28, 1861, as Serg't Compy 
F. 9th Cav. Second Lt., Nov. 28, 1863. First Lt., Oct. 17, 1864. Mustered out as 
Second Lt., July 21, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WHITING, DEGARMO, J., Detroit. First Lt. and Q. M. 2d Inf'y, Oct. 28, 1861. Capt. 
and Ass't Q. M. U. S. Vol's, Nov. 26, 1862. Died near Washington, D. C, June 24, 
1864. 

WHITING, DEWITT C, London. Entered service Aug. 8, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y H, 
18th Inf'y. Second Lt., Nov. 16, 1863. Resigned Jan. 24, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

WHITING, HENRY R., Detroit. Second Lt. 24th Inf'y, July 26, 1862. Taken prisoner 

at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863. Paroled, . Capt., May 6, 1864. Bvt. Maj. U. 

S. Vol's, Ap'l 1, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious service in front of Petersburg, and 
at the battle of Five Forks, Va." Mustered out June 30, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

WHITING, SHUBAEL 0„ Detroit. Entered service Sept. 14, 1863, as Pvt. Comp'y B, 
27th Inf'y. Second Lt., June 3, 1864. First Lt., May 15, 1865. Bvt. First Lt. U. S. 
Vol's, Ap'l 2, 1865, "for conspicuous gallantry before Petersburg, Va." Mustered 
out July 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WHITMAN, JNO. J., Lansing. First Lt. Comp'y B, 2d U. S. S. S, Aug. 25, 1861. Died 
at Keedysville, Md., Sept. 18, 1862, of wounds received in action at Antietam, Md., 
Sept. 17, 1862. 

WHITMAN, BENJ. S., Berlin. Capt. 2d Cav., Sept. 2, 1861. Resigned May 12, 1862, 
and honorably discharged. 

WHITMER, ISRAEL P., Atlas. Capt. 27th Inf'y, Nov. 20, 1863. Mustered out July 26, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

WHITNEY, GEORGE C, Hadley. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861. Serg't Comp'y F, 

1st Cav., . Second Lt., Oct. 25, 1864. First Lt., Dec. 4, 1864. Killed in action 

at Five Forks, Va., Ap'l 1, 1865. 

WHITNEY, ABRAHAM J., Hastings. Second Lt. 3d Inf'y, May 13. 1861. First Lt., 
Aug. 1, 1861. Wounded in action at Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, 1862. Capt., June 9. 
1862. Resigned Sept. 26, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

WHITNEY, WILLIAM G„ Allen. Entered service Aug. 24, 1861. Serg't Comp'y B, 

11th Inf'y, . Second Lt., Jan. 7, 1863. First Lt., June 17, 1864. Capt., Mar. 1, 

1865. Muttered out Sept. 16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WHITNEY, MINDRUS H. Cedar Springs. Entered service Dec. 24, 1861, as Serg't 
Comp'y F, 14th Inf'y. Second Lt., May 23, 1863. First Lt., July 10, 1864. Honora- 
bly discharged Dec. 29, 1864. 

WHITTELSEY, FRANKLIN M., Ypsilanti. Capt. 1st (3 months) Infv, May 1, 1861. 
Mustered out Aug. 7, 1861. Maj. 1st Inf'y, Aug. 10, 1861. Lt. Col., Ap'l 28, 1862. 
Col., Aug. 30, 1862. Resigned Mar. 18, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

WHITTELSEY, EBEN T., Ypsilanti. First Lt. and Adjt. 1st Inf'y, Oct. 4, 1861. Capt.,. 
May 5, 1862. Killed in action at Bull Run, Va., Aug. 30, 1862. 

WHITTEMORE, WALTER, Bay City. Entered service Sept. 1, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
A, 2d Cav. Second Lt., May 27, 1863. First Lt., May 5, 1864. Capt., Sept. 23, 

1864. Maj., 136 U. S. Col. Troops, June 8, 1865. No further record. 

WHITTEN, DAVID J., Niles. Entered service Oct. 14, 1861. Serg't Comp'y C, 12tb 
Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 6, 1864. First Lt., Jan. 7, 1865. Resigned Nov. 18,. 

1865, and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 965 

WHITTON, ROBERT, East Saginaw. Entered service Aug. 17, 1864, as Hosp'l Stew'd 
29th Inf'y. Second Lt., Auij. 7, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out 
Sept. 6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WHITTLESEY, HENRY M., Detroit. Capt. and Ass't Q. M. and Com. Brigade, Mich. 
State Troops, Ap'l 24, 1861. Capt. and Ass't Q. M. U. S. Vol's on Gen. A. S. WiUiams" 
staff, Oct. 31, 1861, Bvt. Maj., Lt. Col., Col., and Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 
1865, "for faithful and meritorious service during the war." Mustered out July 17, 
1867, and honorably discharged. 

WICKHAM, CHARLES H., Muir. First Lt. 3d Inf'y, July 29, 1864. Resigned Jan. 8, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

WIDDICOMB, WILLIAM, Grand Rapids. Entered service Sept. 7, 1861. Com. Sergt 

1st Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 27, 1862. First Lt., Aug. 30, 1862. Resigned Mar. 

10, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

WIDEMAN, HENRY, Lexington. Entered service Dec. 4, 1861, as Serg't Comp'yD, 10th 
Inf'y. Second Lt, Nov. 8, 1864. First Lt., Feb. 24, 1865. Capt., June 7, 1865. 
Mustered out July 19, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WIGGINS, SAMUEL A., Detroit. First Lt. 9th Inf'y, Oct. 12. 1861. Capt., June 23, 

1862. Taken prisoner at Murfreesboro, Tenn., July 13, 1862. Released Dec. 3, 1862. 
Mustered out Sept. 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WIGHT, ALDEN H., Pulaski. Entered service Feb. 21, 1865. Serg't Comp'y D, 11th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., Aug. 1, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 16, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

WIGHT, EDWIN B., Detroit. Capt. 24th Inf'y, July 26, 1862. Maj., June 1, 1863. 
Wounded in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863. Honorably discharged Nov. 17, 
1863. 

WIGHT, WILLIAM W., Livonia. Capt. 24th Inf'y, July 26, 1862. Wounded in action at 
Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863. Lt. Col., Nov. 22, 1863. Resigned June 9, 1864, and 
honorably discharged. 

WIGHTMAN, LEONARD, Hastings. Entered service Nov. 21, 1861. Corp'l Batt. E, 1st 

Light Art., . Second Lt., Oct. 1, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 16, 1864. Bvt. Capt. U. 

S. Vol's, June 20, 1865, "for meritorious service." Mustered out July 20, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

WILBUR ALMERICK W., Quincy. Entered service Ap'l 24, 1861. Serg't Batt. A, 1st 

Light Art., . Second Lt., Nov. 24. 1862. First Lt., Sept. 21, 1863. Capt., Sept. 

5, 1864. Mustered out July 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WILBUR, EDWIN R., Three Rivers. Entered service Sept. 11, 1862, as Q. M. Serg't 
25th Inf'y. Second Lt., Nov. 1, 1864. First Lt., Feb. 24, 1865. Mustered out June 
24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WILCOX, ALFRED F., Jackson. First Lt., 11th Inf'y, Mar. 1, 1865. Mustered out 
Sept. 16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WILCOX, IRVING F., Twinsbury, Ohio. Entered service July 4, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
A, 1st Inf'y. Second Lt., July 15, 1862. Wounded in action at Gaines's Mill, Va., 
June 27, 1862. Wounded in two places in action at Bull Run, Va., Aua. 3(i, 1S62. 
First Lt., Aug. 30, 1862. Adjt., Ap'l—, 1863. Resigned Sept.' 27, 1863. Second Lt. 
Vet. Resei-ve Corps, Sept. 5, 1863. First Lt., Dec. 8, lb63. Capt., Mar. 25, 1865. 
Mustered out Jan. 1, 1868, and honorably discharged. 

WILCOX, WILLIAM R., Walton. Entered service Aug. 29, 1864. Serg't Comp'y K, 
28th Inf'y, . Second Lt,, July 6, 1865. Mustered out June 5, 1866, and honor- 
ably discharged, 

WILD, JOHNL., Caledonia. Entered service Sept. 10, 1863. as Chief Trumpeter 10th 
Cav. Second Lt., Ap'l 1, 1864. First Lt., Jan. 7, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 11, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

WILDER, JEFFERSON J., Capac. First Lt. 22d luf'y, July 31, 1862. Resigned Feb. 21, 

1863, and honorably discharged. 



966 MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 

WILDER, JEFFERSON J., Vassar. Second Lt. 29th Inf'y, July 29, 1864. First Lt.^ 
Jan. 19, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WILDER, ROBERT M., Ooldwater. Second Lt. Batt. G, 1st Lif?ht Art., Oct. 3, IBGl. 
First Lt., Oct. 22, 1862. Resigned May 3, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

WILFORD, ALBERT, Huron. Entered service Aug. 12, 1862. Serjr't Comp'y G, 24th 

Infy, . First Lt., July 19, 1864:. Mustered out June 30, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

WILLEY, MARTIN L., Flint. Second Lt. 8th Inf'y, Dec. 1, 1862. First Lt., Mar. 27, 
1«63. Bvt. Capt. U. S. Vol's, Ap'l 2, 1865, " for conspicuous gallantry before Peters- 
burg, Va." Capt. 8th Inf'y, Ap'l 25, 1865. Mustered out July 30, 18GJ, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

WILKIE, EDWIN B., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 12, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y A, 24th 
Inf'y. First Lt., June 1, 1863. Capt., Jan. 21, 1865. iMustered out June 30, lb65, 
and honorably discharged. 

WILKINS, NICHOLAS, Mason. Entered service Aug. 22, 1861. Corp'l Comp'y B, 7th 
Inf'y, . First Lt., Mar. 1, 1862. Resigned June 24, 1862, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

WILKINS, WILLIAM D., Detroit. Second Lt. 15th U. S. Inf'y, Ap'l 9, 1847. Bvt. First 
Lt., U. S. A. "for gallant and meritorious conduct in several affairs with guerillas at 
Paso Ovegas, National Bridge, and Cerro Gordo, on Aug. 10, 12, and 15, liS47. First 
Lt., Aug. 20, 1847. Disbanded Aug. 7, 1848. Briaade Maj. State Troops, Ap'l 24, 1861. 
Capt. and Ass't Adjt. Gen. D. S. Vol's on Gen. A. S. Williams's Staff, Aug. 27, 1861. 
Taken prisoner at Cedar Mountain, Va., Aug. 9, 1862. Paroled Sept. 25, 18(!:2. 
Taken prisoner at Chancellorsville, Va., May 2, 1863. Paroled June 2,1863. Re- 
signed on account of disability, Aug. 29, 1863, and honorably discharged. Bvt. Maj., 
Lt. Col., and Col. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service 
during the war." 

WILKINSON, FRED., Kalamazoo. Entered service May 25. 1861. Cora. Serg't 2d 
Inf'y, . Second Lt., Deo. 1, 1862. Resigned June 30, 1863, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

WILKINSON, WILLIAM, Romeo. Capt. 9th Inf'y, Oct. 12, 1861. Maj., Oct. 13, 1862. 
Taken prisoner at Murfreesboro, Tenn., July 13, 1862. Paroled Oct. 12, 1862. Lt. 
Col., Feb. 6, 1863. Bvt. Col. U. >. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritori- 
ous service during the war." Mustered out Sept. 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WILKINSON, WILLIAM H., Romeo. Entered service Aug. 31, 1864. Hosp'l Stw'd 9th 

Iiify^ . Second Lt., Aug. 10, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out 

Sept. 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WILKINSON, SMEDLEY, Quincy. First Lt. 8th Cav., Nov. 1, 1862. Resigned Jan. 10,^ 
1864. Cause, disability, and honorably discharged. 

WILLCOX, LYMAN G., Detroit. Capt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. Maj., Oct. 1, 1862. 
Resigned Sept. 20, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

WILLCOX, ORLANDO B., Detroit. Cadet M. A., , 1843. Second Lt. 4th U. S. 

Art., July 1, 1847. First Lt., Ap'l 30, 1850. Resigned Sept. 10. 1857. Col. 1st (3 
months) Mich. Inf'y, May 1, 1861. Wounded and tiiken prisoner at Bull Hun, Va., July 
21, 1861. Exchanged Aug. 17, 1862. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, to date July 21, 1861. 
Bvt. Maj. Gen. IJ. S. Vol's, Aug. 1, 1864, "for distinguished and gallant service in the 
several actions since crossing the Rapidan." Mustered out Jan. 15, 1866. Col. 29th 
U. S. Inf'y, July 28, 1866. Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S. A., Mar. 2, 1867, "for gallant and 
meritorious service in the battle of Spotisylvania Court House, Va." Bvt. Maj. Gen., 
Mar. 2, 1867, "for gallant and meritorious service in the capture of Petersburg, Va. " 
Transferred to the 12th U. S. Inf y, Mar. 15, 1869. Now in service. 

WILLETT, A. MILAN, Muir. Capt. Comp'y I, 1st U. S. S. S., Oct. 12, 1861. Resigned 
Nov. 8, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

WILLETT, FLOYD A., Kalamazoo. First Lt. Comp'y C, 1st U. S. S. S., Aug. 21, 1861. 
Promoted Maj. 1st Reg't U. S. S. S., . No further record. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK 



967 



WILLETTS, HENRY L., Detroit. Entered service Aug. 21, 1861, as Serg't Compy A, 
1st Cav. Second Lt, May 18, 1863. Mustered out Sept. — , 1863, and honorably 
discharged. 

WILLETTS, JOHN, Flint. Ass't Surg. 8th Inf'y, Nov. 22, 1862. Surg. 13th luf'y, Nov. 
28, 1864. Mustered out June 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WILLETTS WELLINGTON, Detroit. Capt. 7th Cav., Oct. 15, 1862. Taken prisoner 

at Hagerstown, Md., July 8, 1863. Exchanged . Honorably discharged for dis- 

abiUty May 3, 1865. 

WILLETTS WILLIAM, Birmingham. Entered service Aug. 12, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
D, 22d Infy. Second Lt., Aug. 3. 1863. Fkst Lt., Sept. 25, 1863. Mustered out 
June 26, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WILLIAMS ADOLPHUS W., Lansing. Maj. 2d Inf'y, Ap'l 25, 1861. Lt. Col., Mar. 6, 
1862. Wounded slightly at Yorktown, Va., Ap'l -,.1862. Wounded in action at 
Williamsburg Va., May 5, 1862. Wounded in action at Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, IbbJ. 
Col 2UthIiify, July 26, 1862. Honorablvdisohargedfordisability Nov. 21, 1863. Bvt.^ 
Biig. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious sei-vice during the war. 

WILLIAMS, ALPHEUS S., Detroit. Lt. Col. 1st. Mich. Vol's, Mexican war Oct 18, 
1«47. Mustered out July 23, 1848. Brig. Gen. State Troops, Ap 124 1861 Brig. 
Gen U S. Vol's, May 17, 1861. Bvt. Maj. Gen. U. S. Vol's, Jan. 12, 1865, for 
marked ability and energy during the war." Mustered out Jan. 15, 1866, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

WILLIAMS ELIAS G., FUnt. Entered semce Aug. 12, 1861, as Com. Serg't 8th Inf'y. 
First U.',Feb. 25. 1862. Q. M., Oct. 20, 1862. Resigned Mar. 20, 1863, and honor- 
ably discharged. 

WILLIAMS GEORGE S., Detroit. Entered service May 25, 1861. Serg't Maj. 2d Inf'y, 

^^^_ Second Lt., Au'g. 1, 1862. First Lt., Dec. 1, 1862 Died at Waslungton, D. C. 
June 15, 1864, of wounds received in action at Cold Harbor, Va., Juue d, ISbl. 

WILLIAMS HARRISON H., Grand Blanc. Entered service Aug. 7, 1861. Serg't 

Comply A 8th Inf'y, Second Lt., Ap'l 20, 1864. Wounded m ac ion before 

PeSurk, Va.: June 17. 1864. First Lt., July 5. 1864. Honorably discharged for 
disability Nov. 17, 1864. 

WTTT TAM^ HENRY F Grand Rapids. Entered service Sept. 18, 1861, as Serg't Maj. 
1st S's aid Mec^^^^^ Mar. 30. 1862. First Lt., July 30, 1862. Mus- 

tered out Oct. 26, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

WILLIAMS JAMES R., Saginaw. Entered service Dec. 4, 1861. Serg't Maj. 16th Inf'y. 

^^^_.^ s'econd Lt., July 7, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out July 8. 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

WILLIAMS JOHN, Jackson. Entered service Dec. 19. 1863. QM. Serg't 8th Infy. 

^^^_.^^ S'ecoiid Lt., June 6, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out July 30, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

WILLIAMS, JOHN D., Argentine. Second Lt. 9th Inf'y, Nov. 5. 1862. Mustered out 
8ept 15 1865, and honorably discharged. 

Iwi MusS out oi «plr»Uon ol term ol service, — , 1864, a-d honorably d,B- 
charged. 

27, 1862. 
WTTTTAM^ -RTCHARD F Niles. Entered service Sept. 14, 1861. Serg't Comp'y L, 
.^ C^' ,'-^ sSond Lt Mar. 1, 1864. Capt., May 14, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 
17 1865, and honorably discharged. 

1866 nfuLtM-eS as Second Lt., July -io, 1»05. aud honorably daohargcd. 



968 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

■WILLIAMS, WILLIAM B., Allegan. Capt. 5thCav., Aug, 14, 1862, Kesigned June 11, 
1863, and honorably discharged. 

WILLIAMSON, JNO. W., Grand Rapids. First Lt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 12, 

1861, Capt., May 28, 1863. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WILLIS, LUKE B., Eaton Rapids. Capt. 20th Infy, July 29, 1862. Resigned Jan. 26, 

1863. and honorably discharged. 

WILLSON, JAMES 0., Flint. Surg. 10th Infy, Dec. 7, 1861. Transferred to 8th Infy, 
Mar. 3, 1862. Honorably discharged for disability, Mar. 6, 1863. 

WILSON, DAVID G, Port Huron. Entered service Sept. 29, 1864, as Pvt. Comp'y E, 
27th Infy. Ass't Surg. 5th Cav,, Mar. 10, 1865. Transferred to 1st Cav., June 13, 
1865. Mustered out Mar. 10, 1866. and honorably discharged. 

WILSON, EDWIN A, Onekama. Entered service Aug. 21, 1861, as Corp'l Comp'y 0, 
1st U. S. S. S. Second Lt., May 3, 1863. Wounded in action at Chancellorsville, Va.. 
May 3, 1863. First Lt., Nov. 21,"l863. Wounded in action at Cold Harbor, Va., June 4^ 

1864. Mustered out near Petersbui-g, Va., Aug. 20, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

WILSON, GEORGE B., . Ass't Surg. 3d Infy, Oct. 15, 1861. Resigned June 4, 

1862, and honorably discharged. 

WILSON, GEORGE W., St. Clair. Capt. 5th Infy, June 19, 1861. Wounded in action 
at Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, 1862. Resigned Jan. 23, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

WILSON, GEORGE M., New Baltimore. Entered service Nov. 11, 1861, as Pvt. Batt. 
E, 1st Light Art. Second Lt., Mar. 16, 1864. First Lt., Mar. 27, 1865. Mustered 
out July 20, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WILSON, ISAAC, Allegan. Second Lt. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. First Lt., Feb. 27, 1863. 
Capt., Oct. 1, 1863. Honorably discharged June 6, 1865. 

WILSON, JAMES H., Lansing. Entered service Jan. 1, 1862. Serg't Comp'y D, 14! h 

Infy, . Second Lt., July 7, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. On furlough 

at muster out of regiment. 

WILSON, JOHN, South Haven. Entered service July 14, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y G, 
19th Infy. First Lt., Nov. 1, 1864. Mustered out June 10, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

WILSON, JOHN P., Pontiac. Surg. 5th Cav., Sept. 2, 1862. Honorably discha'-ged 
for disability, Oct. 23, 1863. 

WILSON, JOSEPH, Lowell. First Lt. 26th Infy, Sept. 26, 1862. Resigned Dec. 22. 

1863, and honorably discharged. 

WILSON, JOSEPH, Hudson. First Lt. 11th Infy, Aug. 24, 1861. Capt., Aug. 18, 

1862. Killed in action at Stone River, Tenn., Jan. 1, 1863. 

WILSON, LYMAN A., Green Oak. First Lt. 3d Infy, July 29, 1864. Capt., May 12, 

1865. Mustered out May 25, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

WILSON, ROBERT, Grand Rapids. Entered service July 28, 1862. Serg't Maj., 21st 

Infy, . First Lt., Aug. 24, 1863. Wounded in action at Bentonville, N. C, Mar. 

19, 1865. Mubtered out June 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WILSON, SYLVESTER K., Dayton. Entered service Aug. 7, 18r.2, as Serg't Comp'y 
G, 2Gth Infy. Second Lt., Jan. 2, 1865. First Lt., June 9, 1865. Mustered out as 
Second Lt., to date June 4, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WILSON, WINFIELD S., Dayton. Entered sei-vice Aug. 12, 1862. Serg't Comp'y G, 

26th Infy, . First Lt., June 9, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out 

June 4, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WILTSIE, WENDELL D., Ann Arbor. Capt. 20th Infy, July 29, 1862. Died Nov. 27. 

1863, of wounds received in action at Knoxville, Tenn., Nov. 25, 1863. 

WINANS, GEORGE A., Middlebury. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861. Com. Serg't 5th 

Infy, . First Lt., June 10, 1864. Capt., Oct. 12, 1S(;4. Mustered out July 5, 

1865, and honor.ibly (iischarged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 9U9 

WINANS, FRAZEY M., Monroe. Capt. 15th U. S. Inf y, Ap'l 9, 1847. Bvt. Maj., Aug, 
15, 1847, " lor gallant and mfintorious conduct in several affairs with guerillas at Paso 
Ovegas, Nationnl Bridge, and Cerro Gordo, Mexico." Resigned May 6, 1848, and 
honorably discharged, Lt. Col. 7th Mich. luf y, June 19, 1861. Resigned iidy 21, 

1862, and honorably discharged. 

WINANS, JAMES, Adrian. Entered service Aug. 13, 1862, as Q. M. Serg't 18th Inf'y. 
Second Lt., Jan. 16, 1863. Fu'st Lt. and Q. M., Mar. 30, 1863. Resigned Sept. 28, 

1863, and honorably discharged. 

WINEGAR, WILLIAM, Grass Lake. Second Lt. 17th Inf'y, June 17, 1862. First Lt., 
Dec. 28, 1862. Capt., Sept. 14, 1863. Resigned Dec. 24, 1863, on account of disa- 
bility, and honorably discharged. 

WINEGAR, IRA, Saianac. Ass't Surg. 3d Inf'y, July 29, 1864. Resigned Mar. 6, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

WING. LUCIUS M., Coldwater. Second Lt. 19th Inf'y, July 28, 1862. First Lt., May 
1, 1863. Q. M., May 25. 1864. Capt., June 15, 1865. Mustered out as First Lt. and 
Q. M., June 10, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WINTERS, JAMES, Marshall. Capt. 6th Inf'y, Aug. 19, 1861. Resigned Oct. 9, 1861, 
and honorably discharged. 

WIRTS, JOHN R., Hudson. Second Lt. Comp'y 0, 1st U. S. S. S., Aug. 31, 1862. 
■ Resigned Feb. 25, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

WIRTS, JOHN M., Hudson. Entered service Oct. 3, 1861, as Serg't Maj. 3d Cav. 
Second Lt., Feb. 27, 1862. First Lt., Aug. 13, 1862. Capt., Sept. 22, 1864. Mus- 
tered out Feb. 12, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

WISE, DAVID A., Ypsilanti. First Lt. 1st (3 months) Infy, :\Iay 1, 1861. Mustered out 
Aug. 7, 1861. First Lt. and Q. M. 1st Inf'y, Aug. 17, 1861. Resigned May 15, 1862, 
and honorably discharged. 

WISE, CASSIUS M., Caledonia. Entered service Sept. 15, 1862, as musician Comp'y H, 
6th Cav. Second Lt. 11th Cav., Sept. 10, 1863. Mustered out Aug. 10, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

WISE, HENRY L.. Caledonia. Capt. 6th Cav., Oct. 13, 1862. Maj. 11th Cav., Aug. 31, 
1863. Mustered out Aug. 10, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WISELOGEL, FREDERICK G., Albion. Entered service Dec. 24, 1861. Sergt Comp'y 

D, 12th Inf'y, . Second Lt., July 3, 1864. First Lt., Dec. 20, 1864. Capt., Ap'l 

12, 1865. Mustered out Feb. 15,1866, and honorably discharged. 

WLSNER, IRA G.. Jonesville. Entered service Nov. 12, 1861, as Serg't Batt. G, 1st 
Light Art. Second Lt., Ap'l 18, 1864. First Lt., Ap'l 6, 1865. Mustered out Ap'l 6, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

WISNER, MOSES, Pontiac. Col. 22d Inf'y, Aug. 8, 1862. Died of disease at Lexington, 
Ky., Jan. 4, 1863. 

WISNER, EDWARD M., Pontiac. Entered service Aug. 285 1861, as Serg't Comp'y D, 
5th Inf'y. First Lt. 22d Inf'y, July 31, 1862. Resigned Jan. 31, 1863, and honorably 
discharged. 

WITHERELL, JUSTUS, Hillsdale. First Lt. 11th Inf'y, Mar. 1, 1865. Capt., May 31, 
1865. Mustered out Sept. 16, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WITHERELL, CHARLES A., Detroit. First Lt. 2d Cav., Nov. 5, 1862. Resigned May 
29, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

WITHERSPOON, ALEX., Detroit. Entered service Oct. 25, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y H, 
14th Inf'y. Second Lt., Nov. 21, 1862. First Lt., July 27, 1863. Wounded in action 
near Atlanta, Ga., Sept. 1, 1864. Honorably discharged for disability. May 10, iSiiS. 

WITHERSPOON, GEORGE, Detroit. Entered service Dec. 31, 1861, as Serg't Como'y 
H, 14th Infy. First Lt., Feb. 13, 1865. Mustered out July 18, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

123 



970 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 

WITHERSPOON, JNO.. Detroit. Entered service May 1, 1861, as Pvt. Comp'y A, Ist (3 
months) luf y. Wounded in action at Bull Run, Julv 21, 1861. Mustered out Aug. 7, 
1861. Serg't Comp'y B, 24th Inf'y, July 24, 1862. Second Lt., Dec. 13, 1862. First 
Lt., Sept. 1, 1863. Capt., Nov. 22, 1863. "Wounded in action at the Wilderness, Va., 
May 5, 1864. Mustered out June 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WITIIINGTON, WILLIAM H., Jackson. Capt. 1st (3 months) Inf'y, May 1, 1861. 
Taken prisoner at Bull Run, Julv 21, 1861. Exchanged Jan. 30, 1862. Mustered out 
Jan. 31, 1862. Col. 17th Inf'y, Aug. 11, 1862. Resigned Mar. 21, 1863, and honorably 
discharg.d. Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for conspicuous gallantry 
at the battle of South Mountain, Md., Sept. 14, 1862." 

WOLAVER, ALONZO M., Talmadge. Entered service Aug. 14, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y 
B, 5th Cav. Second Lt., Nov. 17. 1864. First Lt., Ap'l 14, 1865. Mustered out as 
Second Lt., June 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WOLCOTT, JOEL, Lowell. Entered service Aug. 11, 1862. Serg't Comp'y I, 26th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., June 9, 1865. Not mustered as an officer, having died at 

Washington, D. C, May 24, 1864, of wounds received at Spottsylvania, Va., May 12, 
1864. 

WOOD, ABRAM E., Sturgis. Capt. 4th Inf'y, May 16, 1861. Killed on picket near 
Yorktown, Va., Ap'l 18, 1862. 

WOOD, ABNER B., St. Johns. Capt. 27th Inf'y, Dec. 20, 1863. Resigned Nov. 12, 1864, 
and honorably discharged. 

WOOD, ADDISON J., St. Charles. Entered service Aug. 29, 1864, as Serg't Comp'y F, 
29th Inf'y. Second Lt., July 7, 1865. .Mustered out Sept. 6, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

WOOD, ANDREW J., Dexter. Entered service Aug. 5, 1862. Serg't Comp'y E, 17th 

Inf'y, . Second Lt., May 26, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out 

June 3, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WOOD, ARTHUR, Grand Rapids. Second Lt. 4th Cav., Aug. 13, 1862. Resigned Dec. 
24, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

WOOD, CHARLES, Niles. Entered service Aug. 20, 1861. Serg't Comp'y K, 6th Inf'y, 
. Second Lt., Nov. 25, 1864. Mustered out Aug. 20, 1865, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

WOOD, CHARLES B., Jackson. First Lt. and Q. M. 4th Inf'y, Mar. 6, 1865. Mustered 
out May 26, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

WOOD, DAVID H., Quincy. Second Lt. 4th Inf'y, July 26, 1864. Fu-st Lt., Oct. 24, 
1865. Mustered out May 26, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

WOOD, DELOS R., Hudson. Entered service Nov. 30, 1861. Serg't Batt. F, 1st Light 

Art., . Second Lt., Jan. 19, 1865. First Lt., Ap'l 6, 1865. Mustered out as 

Second Lt., July 1, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WOOD, FRANK M., Adrian. First Lt. 2d Inf'y, Ap'l 25, 1861. Resigned Oct. 28, 1861, 
and honorably dischar^d. 

WOOD, JAMES A., Adrian. Entered service Nov. 15, 1862, as Serg't Comp'y B, 9th Cav. 
Second Lt., Sept. 15, 1864. First Lt., June 9, 1865. Mustered out as Second Lt., 
July 21, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WOOD, JOHN S., Dexter. Second Lt. Hall's S. S., Dec. 30, 1864. No further record. 

WOOD, JOSEPH, Coldwater. Chap. 19th Inf'y, Feb. 19, 1864. Not mustered. 

WOODARD, WILLIAM M., Cooper. Entered service Sept. 2, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 
F, 3d Cav. Second Lt., Jan. 11, 1862. Resigned Sept. 17, 1864, and honorably 
discharged. 

WOODBRIDGE, HORACE, Coldwater. Entered service Mar. 16, 1863, as Serg't Comp'y 
M, 8th Cav. Second Lt., Jan. 8. 1865. Mustered out July 20, 1865, on consolidation 
with the 11th Cav., and honorably discharged. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 971 

WOODBURY, DWIGHT A., Adrian. Col. 4th Infy, May 16, 1861. Killed at Malvern 
HUl, Va., July 1, 1862. 

WOODIN, ORSON, Jackson. Entered service Aug. 11, 1862. Serg't Comp'y K, 17th 

Infy, . Second Lt., May 26, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out 

June 3, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WOODING, CHARLES T.. Grand Rapids. Entered service Sept. 11, 1861, as Serg't 
Comp'y C, 1st Eng'sand Mech's. Second Lt., Aug. 27, 1864. Fii'st Lt., Nov. 3, 1864. 
Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WOODMAN, HAMILTON J., Novi. Entered service Aug. 9, 1862, as Serg't Comp'v I, 
22d Infy. First Lt., July 8, 1863. Capt., Deo. 5, 1863. Mustered out June 26, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

WOODMAN, LUCIUS C, Paw Paw. Ass't Surg. 3d Cav., Sept. 7, 1861. Surg. 11th 
Cav., Oct. 7, 1863. Taken prisoner at Saltville, Va., Oct. 2, 1864. Taken to Libby 
_, Prison. Exchanged Oct. 20, 1864. Mustered out Aug. 10, 1865, on coosolidaLion 

B with 8th Cav., and honorably discharged. 

WOODRUFF, CHARLES, Niles. Entered service Aug. 14, 1862. Serg't Maj. 25th Infy, 
. Second Lt., Ap'l 2, 1864. First Lt., Ap'l 7, 1864. Adj't, May 14, 1864. Mus- 
tered out June 24, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WOODRUFF, HEBER H., East Saginaw. Entered service Aug. 1, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 

D, 16th Infy, . Second Lt, Aug. 23, 1862. First Lt., Ap'l 11, 1863. Mustered 

out Sept. 7, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

WOODRUFF, HENRY, East Saginaw. Capt. 23d Infy, Aug. 1, 1862. Resigned Aug. 
24, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

WOODRUFF, HENRY, Fredonia. Entered service Sept. 3, 1861. Serg't Comp'y M, 2d 

Cav., . First Lt., Oct. 7, 1864. Transferred to 136th U. 8. Col'd Troops, June 

22, 1865. No further record. 

WOODRUFF, JNO. E., Jackson. Second Lt. 13th Infy, Oct. 3, 1861. Resigned Dec. 
8, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

WOODRUFF, WILLIAM S., Marshall. Entered service July 16, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y 

E, 1st Infy. Second Lt., Dec. 17, 1862. Wounded in action at Gettysburg, Pa., 
July 2, 1863. First Lt., Jan. 1, 1864. Died June 28, 1864, of wounds received m 
action in fix)nt of Petersburg June 25, 1864. 

WOODWARD, HORACE P., Blissfield. Ass't Surg. 15th Infy, Feb. 4, 1862. Resigned 
May 1, 1862. Ass't Surg. 18th Infy, Aug. 9, 1862. Resigned May 9, 1863, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

WOODWARD, GEORGE W., Wright. Second Lt. 21st Infy, July 30, 1862. First T t., 
Jan. 15, 1863. Capt., Dec. 2, 1863. Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for men- 
torious service during the campaigns in Georgia and the Caroliuas." Clustered out 
June 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WOODWARD, WILLIAM A., Lawrence. Entered service Sept. 10, 1861. Serg't Comp'y 

H, 3d Cav., . Second Lt., Oct. 20, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered 

out Feb. 12, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

WOODWORTH, BENJAMIN R., Detroit. Second Lt. 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. Resigned 
Nov. 12, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

WOOSTER, SAMUEL R., Grand Rapids. Ass't Surg. 8th Infy, Aug. 19, 1861. Surg. 
1st Cav., Feb. 26, 1863. Mustered out Oct. 18, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

WORDEN, FREDERICK W., Grand Rapids. First Lt. 3d Infy, May 13, 1861. Capt., 
Aug. 11, 1861. Resiguf-d Nov. 28, 1861. Maj. 13th Infy, Dec. 26, 1861. Lt. Col., 
July 4, 1862. Resigned Feb. 26, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

WORMER, GROVER S., Detroit. Captain Stanton Guard, May 1, 1862. Mustered out 
Sept 25 1862. Lt. Col. 8th Cav., Oct. 3, 1862. Col., Ap'l 16, 1864. Not mustered 
as Col. Col. 30th Infv, Nov. 21, 1864. Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S. Vols, Mar, 13, 1865, 
"for gallant and meritorious service during the war." Mustered out June 30, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 



972 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

WORMER, HENRY G., Detroit, First Lt. 30 th Inf'y, Nov. 28, 1864. Capt., June 5, 
1865. Mustered out as First Lt. June 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WORTLEY, CLARK S., Ann Arbor. Entered service Aug. 4. 1862. Serg't Maj. 20th 

luf y, . Second Lt.. Mar. 5, 1863. First Lt., Nov. 29, 1863. Q. M., July 20, 1864. 

Mustered out May 30, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

"WRIGHT, ROBERT C, Detroit. Entered service Feb. 15, 1862. Serg't Maj. 7th Inf'y, 

. First Lt., Oct. 5, 1864. Capt., June 12, 1864, Mustered out July 5, 1865, and 

honorably discharged. 

WRIGHT, LEONARD J., NUes. Second Lt. 9th Inf'y, Oct. 12, 1861. First Lt., Dec. 13, 
1«61. Taken prisoner at Murfreesboro, Tenn., July 13, 1862. Paroled July 15, 1862. 
Capt., Feb. 27, 1863. Mustered out Nov. 23, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

WRIGHT, STEPHEN J., St. Johns. Fiist Lt. 23d Inf'y, Aug. 1, 1862. Resigned Feb. 6, 

1863, and honorably discharged. 

WRIGHT, WILLIAM B., Eagle Harbor. Maj. 27th Infv, Dec. 22, 1862. Lt. Col., Dec. 
17, 1863. Wounded m action in front of Petersburg, Va., July 30, 1864. Col., Oct, 3, 

1864. Honorably discharged for disabiUty as Lt. Col., Nov. 17, 1864. 

WRIGHT, EDWARD B., Detroit. Second Lt. Batt. B, 1st Light Art.. Aug. 28, 1862. 
First Lt., Sept. 3, 1863. Wounded in action al Rome Cross Roads, Ga., May 16, 
1864. Capt., Mar. 14, 1865. Mustered out as First Lt. June 14, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

WYKER, DAVID B., Owosso. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y H, 5th 
Infy. ^econd Lt., June 1, 1862. Fii'st Lt., June 29, 1863. Killed in action near 
Germania Ford, Nov. 27, 1863. 

WYKER, ALFRED, Niles. Ass't Surg. 14th Inf'y, Nov. 17, 1862. Resigned June 1, 1863, 
and honorably discharged. 

WYKOFF, THOMAS, Pontiac. Entered service Aug. 20, 1864. Serg't Comp'y G, 3d 

Inl'y, . Second Lt., Nov. 28, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out 

May 25, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

WYMAN, MERRIMAN S., Eaton Rapids. Entered service Sept. 30, 1861, as Serg't 
Comp'y G, 13th Infy. Second Lt., July 5, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mus- 
tered out July 25, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WYNN. WILLIAM H., Niles. Entered service Sept. 1, 1861. Serg't Comp'y L, 2d Cav., 

. Second Lt., July 31, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out Aug. 

17, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

TARNOLD, BENJAMIN E., Houghton. Entered service Sept. 11, 1862, as Hosp'l Stew'd 
27th Inf'y. Ass't Surg., Sept. 13, 1864. Mustered out July 26, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

YATES, GEORGE W., Detroit. Entered service June 20, 1861. Q. M. Serg't 4th Inf'y, 

. First Lt. and Adjt., Sept. 26, 1862. Mustered out June 29, 1864, and honorably 

discharged. 

YATES, JOHN B., Ionia. Capt. 1st Eng's and Mech's, Sept. 12, 1861. Maj., Mav 28, 
1863. Col., Nov. 3, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

YATES, ADRIAN, Grand Rapids. Entered service Aug. 28, 1861. Com. Serg't 3d Cav., 

. Second Lt., Feb. 16, 1863. First Lt. and Q. M., Sept. 7, 1864. Mustered out 

Feb. 12, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

YEMANS, CHARLES C, Redford. Second Lt. 24th Inf'y, July 26, 1862. Resigned 
Sept. 1, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

YEOMANS, ERASTUS T., Ionia. Entered service Aug. 4, 1864. Serg't Maj. 3d Inf'y. 
. Second Lt., Nov. 1(5, 1864. Resigned Mar. 19, 1865, and honorably disehaiged, 

YERKES, SILAS E., Lowell. Second Lt. 13th Inf'y, Oct. 3, 1861. First Lt., May 15, 
1862. Cafit., Feb. 26, liS(l3. Wounded in ;iction at Chickamauga, Ga. , Sept. 19, 1M63. 
Bvt. Maj. U. S. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for meritorious service during the campaign 
in Georgia and the Carulinas." Maj., May 12, 1865. Honorably discharged as Capt. 
May 15, 1865, for disability. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 973 

YERRINGTON, WILLIAM, Muir. Second Lt. 10th Cav., July 25, 1863. Resigned Oct. 
6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

TOEK, ELIAS A., Ionia. Second Lt. Ist Eng's and Mech's, Jan. 1, 1864. First Lt., Aug. 

27, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

YOUNG, JOHN L., Plymouth. Entered service May 25, 1861, as Serg't Corap'y H, 2d 
Iiify. Second Lt., Mar. 6, 1862. First Lt., Aug. 1, 1862. Capt., Dec. 1, 1862. 
Killed in action in front of Petersburg, Va., July 30, 1864, 

YOUNG, GUART V. S., Perry, N. Y. First Lt. 29th Infy, July 29, 1864. Wounded in 
action at Murfreesboro, Tenn., Dec. 26, 1864. Resigned May 31, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

YOUNG, CHARLES J., St. Johns. Entered service Aug. 15, 1862, as Serg't Corap'y G, 
5th Cav. Second Lt., July 3, 1865. Not mustered as an officer. Mustered out June 
22, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

■ YOUNG, WILLIAM H., Ann Arbor. Ass't Surg. 9th Cav., Nov. 3, 1862. Surg., Dec. 12, 
1864. Mustered out July 21, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

ZACHARIAS, ALLEN H., Monroe. First Lt. 7th Infy, June 19, 1861. Capt., Mar. 10, 
1862. Died, Jan. 1, 1863, of wounds received in action at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 
1862. 

ZANIER, AUGUSTUS, Port Huron. Fh-st Lt. 5th Infy, June 19, 1861. Resigned Oct. 

28, 1861, and honorably discharged. 

ZEIGLER, AUGUSTUS F.. Detroit. Entered service Aug. 4, 1862. Serg't Maj. 24th 

Infy, . First Lt., Oct. 14, 1864. Mustered out June 30, 1865, and honorably 

discharged. 

ZOELLNER, FRANK, Detroit. Entered service May 25, 1861. Serg't Maj. 2d Infy, . 

Second Lt., Feb. 24, 1863, Wounded in action at Knoxville, Tenn., Nov. 24, 1863. 
Died Dec. 2, 1863, of wounds received Nov. 24, 1863. 

ZOLLY, FELIX, Grand Rapids. Second Lt. 3d Infy, May 13, 1861. First Lt., Aug. 1, 
1861. Resigned Jan. 8, 1862. and honorably discharged. 



IN THE ARMY. 

REGULAR AND VOLUNTEER, 



Appointments from Michigan as General Officers, and in the General Staff 
U. S. Volunteers and regular army from 1779 up to and during the war, and 
including officers born in Michigan, although appointed from other States, 
together with a record of their service, except those who were commissioned 
by the State, whose service will be found included in the register of Mich- 
igan officers. 

ADAMS, OSCAR, Flint. Maj. and Paymaster Vol's, Mar. 18, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 
15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

AIKIN, DWIGHT A. See Michigan officers. 

ANDERSON, JOSEPH. See Michigan officers. 

ARMSTRONG, GEORGE A. See Michigan officers. 

ARTHUR, WALTER C. See Michigan officers. 

AUGUR, CHRISTOPHER C, . Cadet M. A., July 1, 1839. Bvt. Second Lt., 2d 

U. S. Inf'y, July 1, 1843. Second Lt. 4th Inf'y, Sept. 12, 1845. First Lt., Feb. 16, 
1847. Capt., Aug. 1, 1852. Maj. 13th Inf'y, May 14, 1861. Brig. Gen. Vol's, 
Nov. 12, 1861. Maj. Gen. Vol's, Aug. 9, 1862, "for distinguished and meritori- 
ous service in the battle of Cedar Mountain, Va." Bvt. Col. U. S. A., Aug. 9, 1862, 
"for gallant and meritorious service in the battle of Cedar Mountain, Va." Lt. Col. 
12th Inf'y, July 1, 1863. Bvt, Brig. Gen. U. S. A., Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and 
meritorious service at the capture of Port Hudson, La." Bvt. Maj. Gen. U. S. A., 
Mar. 13, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious service in the field during the war." Col. 
12ih Inf'y, Mar. 15, 1866. Mustered out of Vol. service Sept. 1, 1866. Brig. Gen. 
U. S. A., Mar. 4, 1869. Now in service. 

BABCOCK, CHARLES P. See Michigan officers. 

BACON, CYRUS. See Michigan officers. 

BAINBRIDGE, WILLIAM P., . Second Lt. 3d U. S. Cav., Nov. 29, 1865. First Lt., 

July 28, 1866. Mustered out Dec. 28, 1870, and honorably discharged. 

BAKER, STEPHEN, . Pvt. Comp'y E., 6th U. S. Inf'y, Aug. 20, 1860. Corp'l, Mar. 

7, 1862. Serg't Maj., Ap'l 1, 1863. Pvt. Comp'y F, 6th Inf'y, Aug. 24, 1863. Serg't, 
Sept. 1, 1863. Serg't Comp'y D, 6th Inf'y, Mar. 18, 1864. First Serg't, Mar. 20, 
1864. Discharged, July 10, 1864. First Serg't, Comp'y D, 6th Inf'y, July 11, 1864. 
Q. M. Serg't, Oct. 6, 1864. Second Lt. and First Lt., May 3, 1865. Capt., June 8, 
1874. Now in service. 

BAKER, WILLIAM H., . Cadet, M. A., , 1823. Bvt. Second Lt., 4th U. S. 

Inf'y, July 1, 1828. Second Lt., July 1, 1828. Resigned May 20, 1831, and honorably 
discharged. 

(974) 



I 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 975 

BALOH FKANK S — Capt and A. Q. M. U. S. Vol s, Feb. 13. 1865. Mustered 
out July 31, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BALDWIN, FKANK D. See Michigan officers. 

BAKNAED PHINEAS P., . Capt. and Ass't Q. M. Vol's, Mav 13, 1863. Bvt Mai 

Vols, Mar. 13, 1865, "for faithful and meritorious service." 'Mustered out Dec 6 
1865. Second Lt. 4th US. Infy. Mar. 7, 1867. Bvt. 1st Lt. and Capt. U. S. Armv; 
il^''" oo Ma^ for faithful and meritorious service during the war." Unassigned, 
Mar. 23, 1869. Assigned to 5th Cav., July 14, 1869. First Lt., June 4 1875 Now 

I in service. 

I 

^^^^fhJ^^^T^'^.'^" U-, ^.^^^- ^"^ ^' Q- ^- ^^^'«' J*"- 31. 1865. Mustered out 

July 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

BARRETT, WALLACE W., Coldwator. Capt. 44th 111. Vol's— a Michigan Comp'v — 
Sept. 13, 1861. Col.. Jan. 1, 1863. Bvt. Brig. Gen. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant 
and meritorious service during the war." Mustered out Dec. 14 1865 First Lt 34Lh 

j U. S. Infy, July 28, 1866. Bvt. Capt., Mar. 2, 1867, "for gallant and mentodous 

service in the battle of Stone River, Tenn." Bvt. Maj., Mar. 2, 1867, " for gallant 

I and meritorious service in the battle of Chickamauga, Ga." Bvt. Lt'. Col., Mar. 2 

1867, "for gallant and meritorious service in the battle of Peach Tree Creek Ga " 
Transferred to 16th Infy Ap'l 14, 1869. Died July 1, 1879, at Fort Riley, Kan. ' 

BARTH, CHARLES G., . Capt. and Com. Sub. Vol's, May 18, 1864. Bvt. Mai. 

Vol's, Aug. 8, 1866, "for efficient and meritorious service." Mustered out Auo-. 10 
■ 1865, and honorably discharged. '^' ' 

BATES, KINZIE, Detroit. Pvt. Comp'y A, 1st (3 months) Infy, May 1, 1861. Second 
Lt. 1st U. S. Infy, Aug. 5, 1861. First Lt., Nov. 23, 1861. Bvt. Capt., Oct. 4, 1862 
"for gallant and meritorious service in the battle of Corinth, Miss." Bvt. Ala/., July 
4, 1863, "for gallant and meritorious service during the siege of Vicksburg, Miss." 
Capt., Mar. 15, 1866. Now in service. 

BATES, EDWARD F., . Ass't Surg. Vol's, Jan. 7, 1863. Major and Surg. Oct 8 

1863. Died Mar. 6, 1864. ' ' 

BAXTER, HENRY. See Michigan officers. 
BEACH, SAMUEL E. See Michigan officers. 

BIDDLE, JAMES, Detroit. Capt. 16th U. S. Infy, Aug. 5, 1861. Bvt. Major, Sept. 1, 

1864, "for gallant and meritorious service during the Atlanta campaign." Resigned 
Sept. 30, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

BINGHAM, JAMES W., Kensington. Fkst Lt. 16th U. S. Infy, May 14, 1861. Died at 
Bardstown, Ky., Nov. 9, 1862. 

BIRNET, FITZHUGH, Bay City. Capt. and Ass't Adj't Gen. Vol's, Aug. 1, 1862. Maj.. 
Sept. 15, 1863. Died at Washington, D. C, June 17, 1864, of wounds received at the 
battle of Cold Harbor, Va. 

BIRNEY, JAMES G. See Michigan officers. 

BISSELL, CHARLES T. See Michigan officers. 

BLACKMAN, HUDSON B. See Michigan officers. 

BLISS, D. WILLARD. See Michigan officers. 

BLISS, ZENAS E. See Michigan officers. 

BREVOORT, HENRY B., Detroit. Ensign 2d U. S. Infy, May 7, 1802. Second Lt., 

, 1805. First Lt., Nov. 30, 1805. Capt., May 1, 1811. Maj. 45th Infy, Ap'l 15, 

1814. 

BRISTOL, HENRY B., Detroit. Second Lt. 5th U. S. Infy, May 15, 1857. First Lt., 
May 13, 1861. Capt., June 1, 1862. Bvt. Maj., Mar. 13, 1865, "for faithful and raer- 
itorious service in New Mexico." Bvt. Lt. Col., Mar. 13, 1865, "for faithful and mer- 
itorious servioe in New Mexico, and particularly for his untuing zeal and energy in 



976 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

controlling the Navajoe tribe of Indians at the Bosque Eedondo, and for his praise- 
worthy efforts m advancing their condition from that of savages to that of civilized 
men." * Retired May 20, 1879, for disability resulting from disease contracted in line 
of duty. 

BRODHEAD. THORNTON P. See Michigan officers. 

BROOKS, EDWARD J,, Detroit. Second Lt. 7th U. 8. Infy, June 30, 1855. First Lt., 
Feb. 26, 1861. Resigned May 16, 1861, and honorably discharged. 

BROWN, JOSEPH B., Detroit. First Lt. and Ass't Surg. U. S. A., June 29, 1849. Capt. 
and Ass't Surg., June 29, 1854. Maj. and Surg.. July 4, 1861. Bvt. Lt. Col. and 
Col., Mar. 13, 1865, "for faithful and meritorious service during the war." Bvt. Brig. 
Gen., Sept. 28, 1866, "for meritorious and distinguished service at Fort Columbus, 
N. Y. harbor, where cholera prevailed." Now in service. 

BROWN, JOHN T., Tecumseh. First Lt. 3d U. S. Dragoons, Ap'l 9, 1847. Disbanded 
July 20, 1848, and honorably discharged. 

BROWN, WILLIAM S., Ann Arbor. Capt. and Ass't Com. of Subs. U. S. Army, Feb. 14„ 
1848. Disbanded July 29, 1848, and honorably discharged. 

BROWNELL, SEYMOUR. See Michigan officers. 

BRUSH, ALFRED, Detroit. Cadet M. A., , 1828. Bvt. 2d Lt. 4th U. S. Art., July 

1, 1832. Second Lt, Sept. 14, 1834. Resigned July 28, 1836, and honorably dis- 
charged. 

BURNETT, WELLINGTON 0., . Second Lt. 15th U. S. Infy, June 17, 1848. Dis- 
banded Aug. 30, 1848, and honorably discharged. 

OANTINE, WILLIAM W. See Michigan officers. 

GARLAND, JOHN. See Michigan officers. 

CASE, DANIEL L., Lansing. Maj. and Paymaster Vols, Mar. 18, 1864. Resigned Deo. 
7, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

CASS, LEWIS, . Col. 3d Reg't Ohio Vol's, 1812. Brig. Gen. U. S. Army, 1813. 

Governor of Michigan Territory, 1813. 

OASS, LEWIS, Je., Detroit. Maj. 3d U. S. Dragoons, Ap'l 9, 1847. Disbanded July 20, 
1848, and honorably discharged. 

OHAMPLIN, EDWARD P. See Michigan officers. 

CHAMPLIN, STEVEN G. See Michigan officers. 

CHANDLER, GEORGE W. See Michigan officers. 

CHAPIN, ANDREW B., . Ass't Surg. Vol's, Sept. 12, 1862. Resigned Aug. 20, 1864, 

and honorably discharged. 

CHESTER, GEORGE M., Detroit. Capt. and A. Q. M. Vol's, Oct. 12, 1863. Resigned 

Nov. 7, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

CHILSON, GEORGE W. See Michigan officers. 

CHIPMAN, HENRY L. See Michigan officers. 

CHRISTIANCY, HENRY 0. See Michigan officers. 

CLARK, CHARLES E. See Michigan officers. 

OLEM, JOHN L.. . Musician Comp'y 0, 22d Mich. Infy, May 1, 1863. Lane© 

Serg't, Sept. 20, 1863. Discharged Sept, 19, 1864. Second Lt., 24th U. S. Infv, 
Dec. 18, 1871. First Lt., Oct. 5, 1874. Now in service. 

OLIPT, EMORY W., Detroit. First Lt. 13th U. S. Infy. May 14, 1861. Regimental Q. 
M., Sept. 1, 1861, to Nov. 1, 1862. Capt., Sept. 20, 1864. Now in service. 

* The only brevet of tlua characier found in the published "Army UcKisters" of the War 
Department. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 977 

GLITZ, HENRY B.. . Cadet M. A., July 1, 1841. Bvt. Second Lt., 7th Infy, July 

1, 1845. Second Lt., 3d Infy, Sejit. 2i, 1846. Bvt. First Lt., April 18, 1847, "for 
gallant and meritorious conduct in the battle of Ceno Gordo." First Lt., 3.1 Infy, 
Mar. 5, 1851. Capt., Dec. 6, 1858. Maj., 12th Infy, May 14, IHUl. Bvt. Lt. Col., 
June 27, 1862, "for f>allant and meritorious service in the battle of Gaines's Mill, 
Va." Lt. Col., 6th Infy, Nov. 4, 1863. Bvt. Col., Mar. 13, 1&35, " for gallant and 
meritorious service during the war." Bvt. Brig. Gen., Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant 
and distinguished service in the field." Col., 10th Infy, Feb. 22, 18G9. Now in 
service. 

CLUBB, HENRY S., Grand Haven. Capt. and A. Q. M. Vol's, June 11, 1862. 
Wounded in action at Corinth, Miss., Oct. 3, 1862. Mustered out Ap'l 7, 1866, and 
honorably discharged. 

COLLINS, ROBERT M. See Michigan officers. 

COPELAND, FREDERICK A. See Michigan officers. 

COPELAND, JOSEPH T. See Michigan officers. . 

'. CRANE, WALTER, Detroit. Maj. and Paymaster Vol's, Mar. 11, 1863. Bvt. Lt. Col. 
Vols., Nov. 15, 1865, "for faithful service in his department." Mustered out Dec. 1, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

CREARY, WILLIAM E., Ludington. Pvt. Comp'y F, 3d Mich. Infy, May 13, 1861. 
Transferred to 2d Batt. Vet. Reserve Corps. Oct. 19, 1863. Discharged June 10, 
1864. Pvt., 2d Batt., Vet. Reserve Corps, June 13, 1864. Discharged Aug. 23, 1866. 
Maj. and Paymaster, June 23, 1879. Now in service. 

CUMING, THOMAS B., Jr., . Second Lt. 15th U. S. Infy, Mar. 3, 1848. Dis- 

banded Aug. 4, 1848, and honorably discharged. 

CURTENIUS, EDWARD A., Kalamazoo. First Lt. 15th U. S. Infy, May 14, 1861. Bvt. 
Capt., Ap'l 7, 1862, " for gallant and meritorious service at the battle of tohiioh, Tenn. " 
Died at Buffalo, N. Y., Nov. 9, 1862. 

CUSTER, GEORGE A., Monroe. Cadet M. A., , 1857. Second Lt. 2d U. S. Cav., 

June 24, 1861. Second Lt. 5th U. S. Cav., Aug. 3, 1861. Capt. and Add'l A. D. C, 
June 5, 1862. First Lt., July 17, 1862. Brig. Gen. Vol's, June 29, 18fi3. As- 
sumed command of Michigan Cav. Brigade at Hanover, Penn., June 30, 1863. Bvt. 
Maj. U. S. Army, July 3, 1863, " for gallant and meritorious service at the battle of 
Gettysburg, Pa." Capt. 5th U. S. Cav., May 8, 1864. Bvt. Lt. Col. U. S. Army, 
May 11, 1864, "for gallant and meritoriou.s service at the battle of Ye-llow Tavern, 
Va." Bvt. Col. U. S. Army, Sept. 19, 1864, "for gallant and meritorious service at 
the battle of Winchester," Va." Bvt. Jlaj. Gen. Vol's, Oct. 19, 1864. Bvt. Brig. 
Gen. U. -. Army, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service at the battle of 
Five Forks, Va." Bvt. Maj. Gen. U. S. Army, Mar. 13, 1865, " for gallant and meri- 
torious service during the camp;iign ending with the surrender of the insurgent arnay 
of Northern Virginia." Maj. Gen. Vol's, Ap'l 15, 1865. Mustered out of Volunteer 
service Feb. 1, 1866. Lt. Col. 7th U. S. Cav., July is. 1S66. Killed with his whole 
command June 25, 1876, in action with :?ioux Indiana on Little Big Horn river, Mon- 
tana Territory. 

CUSTER, THOMAS W. See Michigan officers. 

DAVID, JAMES I. See Michigan officers. 

DENTON, ANSEL B., . First Lt. 18th U. S. Infy, May 14, 1861. Capt., July 22, 

1862. Resigned Sept. 9, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

DIETRICH, CHARLES J., . Capt. and Com. of Subs. Vol's, Feb. 19, 1863. Re- 
signed July 14, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

DODDS, JOSEPH L., . Capt. and Ass't Q. M. Vol's, Aug. 3, 1861. Died at St. 

Louis, Mo., Aug. 18, 1862. 

DOOLITTLE, CHARLES C. See Michigan officers. 

DOYLE, MICHAEL, Detroit. Second Lt. 15th U. S. Infy, Ap'l 9, 1847. Died Oct. 23, 
1847. 

12'6 



978 MICHIGAN IN THE WAH. 

DREW, GEORGE A. See Michigan officers. 

DUNBAR, GILBERT E. See Michigan officers. 

DRIGGS. WILLIAM J. See Michigan officers. 

EARLE, JAMES D., Grand Rapids. Capt. and Com. Subs. Vol's, Sept. 10, 18fi2. Bvt 
Maj., Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for meritorious service in his department during the 
war." Mustered out Jan. 10, 1866, and honorably discliarged. 

EARLE, EDWARD S. See Michigan officers. 

EARLE, FRANCIS S. See Michigan officers. 

EASTMAN, AHIRA G., Adrian. Second Lt. 15th U. S. Inf'y, Ap'l 9, 1847. Resigned 
May 31, 1847, and honorably discharged. 

EASTMAN, JAMES E., . Cadet M. A., , 1862. Second Lt. 2d U. S. Art., June 

1«, 1866. First Lt., May 6, 1869. Now in service. 

EDWARDS, ARTHUR. See Michigan officers. 

ELDER, MATHEW, See Michigan officers. 

ELLSWORTH, CHARLES C, GreenvUle. Maj. and Paymaster Vol's, Mar. 10, 1863. 
Resigned May 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

FARLEY, JOHN, . Cadet M. A., , 1819. Bvt. 2d Lt. 2d U. S. Art., July 1, 

1823. Second Lt. 1st Art., July 1, 1823. First Lt., Aug. 1, 1832. Resigned Feb. 29, 
1886, and honorably discharged. 

FARRAND, DAVID O., Detroit. Ass't Surg. U. S. A., Feb. 15, 1865. Bvt. Capt., 
Mar. 13, 1865, "for faithful and meritorious service during the war." Resigned July 
1, 1866, and lionorably discharged. 

FECHET, EDMOND G. See Michigan officers. 

FERRY, WILLIAM M. See Michigan officers. 

FIFIELD, BENJAMIN F., Monroe. Capt. and Com. Subs., Vol's, Ap'l 14, 1862. Hon- 
orably discharged Nov. 20, 1863. 

FINLEY, HENRY H. See Michigan officers. 

FITZ SIMMONS, WILLIAM 0. See Michigan officers. 

FORD, CHARLES. See Michigan officers. 

FORSYTH, LEWIS C, Detroit. Capt. and Ass't Q. M. Vol's, Jime 11, 1862. Mus- 
tered out Nov. 3, 1866. Capt. and Ass't Q. M. U. S. A., Mar, 11, 1867. Bvt. Maj. 
Mar. 11, 1867, "for faithful and meritorious service durmg the war." Now in 

service. 

FORSYTH, GEORGE, . Second Lt. 2d U. S. Dragoons, June 8, 1836. First Lt., 

bept. 26, 1837. Resigned Dec. 31, 1837, and honorably discharged. 

FORSYTH, ROBERT A., Detroit. Ma-j. and Paymaster U. S. A., Sept. 10, 1831. Maj. 
and Paymaster, Aug. 8, 1846. Died Oct. 21, 1849. 

ERASER, CORWIN B., . Ass't Surg. Vol s, July 5, 1864. Bvt. Capt. Vol's, Oct. 6, 

1865, " for faithful and meritorious service." Mustered out Oct. 9, 1865, and honor- 
ably iiischarged. 

FREELEN, THOMAS H., Kalamazoo. First Lt. 15th U. S, Inf'y, Ap'l 9, 1847. Bvt. 
Capt., Sept. 13, 1847, "for gallant and meritorious conduct at Chapultepeo." Dis- 
banded Aug. 6, 184a, and honorably discharged. 

GARLAND, JOHN S.. . Second Lt. 4th U. S. Art., Mar. 8, 1847. First Lt., May 

20, 1849. Capt., Dec. 29, 1857. Retired Nov. 29, 1861. 

GOODMAN, JOHN B., Nlles. Second Lt. 15th U. S. Inf y, Ap'l 9, 1847. First Lt., May 
31, 1847. Killed Aug. 20, 1847, In battle at CherubuscD, Mexico. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 979 

<JOODRIDGE. MOSES H., . Capt. and Ass't Q. M. Vol's, Nov. 26, 1862. Mus- 
tered out Sept. 22, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

GRANGER, GORDON. See Michigan officers. 

GREENE, JACOB L. See Michigan officers. 

-GREGORY, ASA. See Michigan officers. 

■GRISSON, SAMUEL. Ann Arbor. Maj. and Paymaster Vol's, Ap'l 20, 1864. Mustered 
out Nov. 1, 1865. 

OROUT, HENRY C, Grand Rapids. Maj. and Paymaster Vols, July 22, 1863. Bvt. Lt. 
Col. Vol s, Oct. 6, 1865, "for faithful and meritorious service." Mustered out Nov. 1, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

ORUMMOND GEORGE W. See Michigan officers. 

HALE, HIRAM F. See Michigan officers. 

HALL, LOWELL, . Capt. and Com. Subs. Vol's, Jan. 19, 1865. Mustered out 

July 31, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HALL, JOSEPH, . Pvt. Comp'y A, 22d Mich. Inf'y, Oct. 22, 1862. Transferred to 

Comp'y A, 29t,h Mich. Inf'y, June 30, 1865. Discharged Sept. 6, 1865. Cadet M. A., 

, 1868. Second Lt. 14th U. S. Inf'y, June 14, 1872. Resigned May 26, 1879, and 

honorably discharged. 

HALL, ROBERT H., Detroit. Cadet M. A., , 1855. Bvt. Second Lt. 5th U. S. 

Inf'y, July 1, 1860. Second Lt. 10th Inf'y, Jan. 23, 1861. First Lt., June 1, 1861. 
Capt., Aug. 31, 1863. Bvt. Maj., Nov. 24, 1863, " for gallant and meritorious service 
in the batttle of Looliout mountain, Tenn.' Bvt. Lt. Col., Aug. 19, 1864, "for gal- 
lant and meritorious service on the Weldon Railroad, Va." Now in service. 

HALL, NORMAN J. See Michigan officers. 

HALLECK, WALTER F., Monroe. Pvt. Comp'y I, 11th Mich. Inf'y, July 25, 1862. 
Discharged Aug. 13, 1863. .Second Lt. Vet. Reserve Corps, Ap'l 14, 1864. Mustered 
out Sept. 6, 1865. Second Lt., 18th U. S. Infy, May 30, 1866. Transferred to 27th 
Inf'y, Sept. 21, 1866. First Lt., Jan. 31, 1867. Retired Sept. 29, 1868. 

HAMTRAMCK, JOHN FRANCIS, . Capt. 5th N. Y. Reg't, Nov. 20, 1776. Capt 

1st U. S. Inf'y, Ap'l 12, 1785. Maj., Oct. 20, 1786. Lt. Col., Feb. 18. 1793. Col., 
Ap'l 1, 1802. 

HARTSUFF, ALBERT, Port Huron. First Lt. and Ass't Surg. U. S. Army, Aug. 5, 
1861. Bvt. Capt. and Maj., Mar. 13, 1865, "for faithful ana meritorious service dur- 
ing the war." Capt. and Ass't Surg., July 28, 1866. Bvt. Lt. Col., Nov. 26, 1866, 
" for meritorious and distinguished service during the outbreak and continuance of 
cholera in New Orleans, La." Maj. and Surg., June 26, 1876. Now in service. 

HARTSUFF, GEORGE L., Port Huron. Cadet M. A., , 1848. Bvt. Second Lt. 4th 

U. S. Art., July 1, 1852. Second Lt. 2d Art., June 12, 1853. First Lt., Mar. 8, 1855. 
Bvt. Capt. and A. A. G., Mar. 22, 1861. Capt. and A. A. G., Aug. 3, 1S61. Brig. 
Gen. Vol's, Ap'l 15, 1862. Maj. and A. A. G. U. S. Army, July 17, 1862. Bvl. 
Col. U. S. Army, Sept. 17, 1862, " for gaUant and meritorious service at the bnttle of 
Autietam, Md." Maj. Gen. Vol's, Nov. 29, 1862. Capt. 2d U. S. An., May 23, 
1863. Lt. Col. and A. A. G. U. S. Army, June 1, 1864. Resigned as Capt. 2d Ait. 
June 15, 1864. Bvt. Brig. Gen. U. S. Army, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meri- 
torious service in the campaign, terminating in the surrender of Lee's army." Bvt. 
Maj. Gen. U. S. Army, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service in the 
field during the war," Mustered out as Maj. Gen. Vol's, Aug. 24, 1865. Maj. Gen. 
U. S. Army, June 29, 1871. Retired June 29, 1871. Died at New York City, May 16, 
1874. 

HARTSUFF, WILLIAM. See Michigan officers. 

HATTON, EZRA. See Michigan officers. 

HENDERSON, JAMES D., . Capt. and Ass't Q. M. Vol's, Jan. 19, 1865. Mustered 

out July 28, 1865, and honorably discharged. 



980 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

HEREICK, S. L., Three Rivers. Maj. and Brigade Surg. Vol's, Sept. 4, 1861. Resigned 
Aug. 17, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

HILL, GEORGE D. See Michigan officers. 

HINSDILL, CHARLES B., . Capt. and Com. Subs. Vol's, Aug. 16, 1861. Mustered 

out July 7, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

HOFFMAN, SATTERLEE, . Second Lt. 1st U. S. Art., Mar. 8, 1847. Killed Aug. 

20, 1847, in the battle of Churubusco, Mexico. 

HORTON, DEXTER, Groveland. Capt. and Com. Subs. Vol's, May 18, 1864. Bvt. Maj. 
Vol's, July 12, 1865, "for efficient and meritorious service." Mustered out July 14, 
1865, and honorably discharged. 

HOUGHTON, CHESTER W. See Michigan officers. 

HOWARD, JOSHUA, Detroit. Third Lt. 19th U. S. Inf'y, Mar. 17, 1813. Second Lt., 
Aug. 31, 1813. Resigned Ap'l 5, 1814. Third Lt. Ordnance, Dec. 2, 1815. Second 
Lt., Stjpt. 1, 1818. Transferred to 1st Art. June 1, 1821. First Lt, Nov. 1, 1823. 
Bvt. Capt., Nov. 1, 1833, "for ten years' faithful service in one grade." Capt., IVlar. 
6, 1834. Resigned Dec. 31, 1835. Lt. Col. 15th Inf'y, Ap'l 9, 1847. Bvt. Col., Sept. 
13, 1847, " for gallant and meritorious conduct at Chat)ultepec." Disbanded Aug. 7,« 
1848. Maj. and Paymaster Vol's, June 1, 1861. Mustered out July 31, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

HOWARD, SUMNER, Flint. Entered service May 25, 1861, as Serg't Comp'y F, 2d 
Mich. Inf'y. First Lt. 17th U. !^. Inf'y, to rank 'from May 14, 1861. Resigned Sept. 
25, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

HOWARD, JACOB M., Jk. See Michigan officers. 

HOWE, CHARLES E. See Michigan officers. 

HOWGATE, HENRY W. See Michigan officers. 

HUGO, WILLIAM H., Paw Paw. Capt. 70th N. T. Vol's, June 21, 1861. Mustered out 
July 1. 1864. Second Lt. 16th U. J5. Inf'y, May 11, 1866. Transferred to 25th Inf v, 
Sept. 21, 1866. First Lt., Nov. 21, 1868. Unassigned Ap'l 26, 1869. Assigned to 9th 
Cav., Jan. 1. 1871. Now in service. 

HUNT, HENRY J., Detroit. Cadet M. A., , 1835. Second Lt. 2d U. S. Art., July 1, 

1839. First Lt., June 18, 1846. Bvt. ("apt., Aug. 20, 1847, "for gallant and meritori- 
ous conduct in the battles of Contreras and Churubusco." Bvt. Maj., 8ept. 13, 1847, 
" for gallant and meritorious conduct in the battle of Chapultepec' Capt. 2d Art., 
Sept. 28, 1852. Maj. 5th Art., May 14, 1861. Col. and Add'l Aid-de-Camp, Sept. 28, 
1861. Brig. Gen. Vol's, 8ept. 15, 1862, "for meritorious service." B\'t. Col., 
July 3, 1863, " f or ga llant and meritorious service in the battle of Gettysburg, Pa." 
Lt."Col. 3d Art., Aug. 1, 1863. Bvt. Maj. Gen. Vol's, July 6, 1864, "for gallant 
%fid distinguished conduct in the battle of Gettysburg, Pa., and for faithful and highlj"- 
meritorious service in the campaign from the Rapidan to Petersburg, Va." Bvt. Brig. 
Gen., Mar. 13, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious service during the siege of Peters- 
burg, Va., and in the campaign terminating with the surrender of the insurgent army 
under Gen. R. E. Lee." Bvt. Maj. Gen., Mar. 13, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious 
service in the field during the war." Mustered out of Vol. service Ap'l 30, 1866. Col. 
5th Art., Ap'l 4, 1869. Now in service. 

IRWIN, CHARLES H. See Michigan officers. 

JACKSON, WILLIAM W., . Capt. and Com. Subs. Vol's, Mar. 24, 1862. Bvt. 

Maj., . Resigned July 14, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

JOHNSON, WILLIAM H., . Capt. and Ass't Q. M. Vol's, Nov. 18, 1862. Bvt. 

Maj., . Eesii^ned Mar. 6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

JOHNSON, JAMES H., . Capt. and Com. Subs. Vol's, Feb. 19, 1863. Bvt. Maj.» 

Maj., . Mustered out Dec. 8, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

JOHNSON, GEORGE K. See Michigan officers. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK. 



981 



JOHNSON, WILLIAM S., . Pvt. Comp'v A, 4th Batt. D. C. Vol's, Ap'l 17, 1861. 

Honorably discharged Julv 10, 1861. First Lt. 1st Ark. Cav., Oct. 1, 1862. Capt., 
Feb. 5, 1863. Mustered out July 21, 1864. First Lt. Vet. Keserve Corps, Sept. 15, 
1864. Bvt. Capt. and Maj. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorioua 
service during the war." Mustered out Aus:. 20, 1866. First Lt. 43d U. S. Inf'y, 
June 12, 1867. XTnassigned, Ap'l 4, 1869. First Lt. of Inf'y, Jan. 24. 1870. Mus- 
tered out Jan. 1, 1871. Second Lt. 24th U. S. Inf'y, Mar. 9, 1871. Retired with rank 
of Capt., mounted, May 20, 1871. 

JTJDD, GEORGE E. See Michigan officers. » 

KEENLY, CHARLES C, Detroit. Ass't Surg. U. S. A., July 12, 1842. Disbanded Sept. 
23,1842. Re-appointed Mar. 19, 1845. Capt. and Ass't Surg., Mar. 19, 1850. Maj. 
and Surg., June 23, 1860. Lt. Col. and ^Medical Inspector, June 11, 1862. Bvt. Lt. 
Col., Mar. 13, 1865, "for faithful and meritorious service during the war." Mustered 
out as Lt. Col. and Medical Inspector, Oct. 31, 1865, Lt. Col. and Surg., June 26, 
1876. Now in service. 

KELLOGG, CHARLES C, . Capt. and Com. Subs. Vol's, Feb. 19, 1863. Mus- 
tered out Aug. 10, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

KING, NATHAN G., . Capt. and Com. Subs. Vol's, Ap'l 14, 1862. Maj. and Pay- 
master Vol's, Feb. 23, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

SING, JOHN H., Detroit. Second Lt. 1st U. S. Inf'y, Dec. 2, 1837. First Lt. Mar. 2, 
1839. Capt., Oct. 31, 1846. Maj. 15th Inf'v, Mav 14, 1861. Brig. Gen. Vol's, N(W. 
29, 1862. Lt. Col. 14th Inf'y, June 1, 1863. Bvt. Col., Sept. 20, 1863, "for gal- 
lant and meritorious service in the battle of Chickamauga, Ga." Bvt. Brig. Gen., 
Mar. 13, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious service in the battle of Ruff's Station, 
Ga." Bvt. Maj. Gen., Mar. 13, 1865. "for gallant and meritorious service in the field 
during the war." Bvt. Maj. Gen. Vol's, May 31, 1865, "for gallant and meritori- 
ous service during the war." Col. 9th Inf'y, July 30, 1865. Mustered out of Vol. 
service Jan. 15, 1866. Now in service. 

I.ACY, HEM AN A., Detroit. Capt. and Ass't Q. M. Vol's, Ap'l 14, 1862, Mustered 
out Mar. 13, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

LANE, JOHN, . Second Lt. 18th U. S. Inf'y, June 1, 1863. Bvt. First Lt., Sept. 19. 

1863, " for gallant and meritorious service in the battle of Chickamauga, Ga." Died 
Oct. 15, 1863, of wounds received in the battle of Chickamauga, Ga. 

LARNED CHARLES T., . Additional Pavmaster, June 1. 1861. Maj. and Paymas- 
ter Aug 30 1861. Bvt. Lt. Col., Mar. 13, 1865, "for faithful and meritorious service 
during the 'war." Lt. Col. and Deputy Paymaster Gen., June 8, 1880. Now in 
service. 

LARNED FRANK H., Detroit. Second Lt. U. S. Inf'y, Mar. 8, 1847. Second Lt. Vol- 
li^-uers Ap'l 9 1847. Transferred to Second U. S. Art., June 2 (, 1848. Fu'st Lt., 
July l,'l852. Capt., Ap'l 28, 1861. Maj., 1st U. S. Art., Jan. 3, 18tl7. Retired Feb. 
5, 1867, for disability resulting from sickness and exposure in line of duty. 

LEE, GEORGE. See Michigan officers. 

LEE GEORGE W., Detroit. Capt. and Ass't Q. M. Vol's, Oct. 31, 1861. Bvt. Maj., 
Lt Col. and Col., Mar. 13, 1865. "for faithful and meritorious service during the 
war." Mustered out May 31, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

LEFFINGWELL, CHRISTOPHER W., Grand Rapids. Capt. and Ass't Q. M. Vol's, 
Sept. 10, 1861. Mustered out Dec. 6, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

LEMEKE, HENRY, Detroit. Ass't Surg. Mich. Vol's, Mexican war, Oct. 30, 1847. Mus- 
tered out July 23, 1848, and honorably discharged. 

LYNDE, RICHARD D., . Capt. and Ass't Surg. U. S. Army, Aug. 29, 1856. Re- 
signed Aug. 31, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

LYON, FARNHAM, See Michigan officers. 

XiYSTER, WILLIAM J. See Michigan officers. 



982 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

MACOMB, ALEXANDER, Michii^an Territory. Cornet U. S. Cav., Jan. 10, 1799. S.-a- 
ond Lt., Feb. 16, ISOI. Transferred to 2d Infy, Ap'l — , 18U2. First Lt. Eni^ s, Oct, 
12, 18U2. Capt June 11, 1805. Alaj., Feb. 23, 1808. Lt. Col., July 2:j, 1810. Col. 
3d Art., July 6. 1812. Brig. Gen., Jan. 24, 1814. Bvt. Maj. Gen., >cpt. 11, 1814, 
"for distinguished and gallant conduct in defeating ttie eneuiy at Phitt.sbur:^." Re- 
tained as OoL and Chief Eng. in the reorganization of the army June 1, 1821. iViaj, 
Gen. and Gen. in Chief of the Army, May 24, 1828. Died June 25, 1841. 

MATHEWS, ALMEEON S. See Michigan officers. 

MoALESTER, MILES D., Flint, Cadet M. A., , 1852. Bvt. 2d Lt. U. S. Eng's, 

Juiy 1, 1856. ^^econd Lt., Dec. 1, 1856. First Lt., l\lay 2, 1861. Bvt. xMaj. and Lt. 
Col., July 1, 1862, "for gallant and meritorious service in the Peninsular cv.mpaigu 
of 1862." Capt., Mar. 3, 1863. Bvt. Col., Aug. 23, 1864, " for higi.ly meriu.nous 
service as Chief Eng. of Military Division of West Mississippi, etc." Bvl. Bng. 
Gen., Ap'l 9, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious service at the bic-ge of Mobile, Ala." 
Maj., Mar. 7, 1867. Died at Buffalo, N. Y., Ap'l 23, 1869. 

MoCOMAS, D. HENRY, Baltimore, Md. Pvt. Comp'y E. 8th Mich. Infy, Sept. 30, 1861. 
Appointed Second Lt. 10th Wai-yland Infy, Jan. — , 1864. Deeiiaeil. Discharged 
June 15, 1865, for wounds received at the battle of Pt-eble's Farm, Va., witli loss of 
leg. Second Lt. 45th U. S. Inf'y, Mar. 7, 1867. Bvt. Caj.t Vols, Mar3, 1869, " for gal- 
lant and meritorious service during the war." Uuassigued, July 22, 1869. Rcbigued 
July 26, 1870, and honorably discharged. 

MoCONNELL, JOSEPH, Pontiac. Second Lt. 18th U. S. Inf'y, Oct. 30, 1861. First 
Lt., Aug. 11, 1862. Bvt. Capt., Dec. 31, 1862, "for gallant and meiltorious service 
at the battle of Murfreesboro, Tenn." Died Jan. 14, 1863, of wounds received at the 
battle of Mm'fi'eesboro, Tenn. 

MoDONALD, CHARLES, . Capt. and Ass't Adjt. Gen. Vol's, Dec. 23, 1862. Re- 
signed Aug. 18, 1863, and honorably discharged. 

MoGRAW, THEODORE A., Detroit. Ass't Surg. Vol's, Mar. 30, 1861. Bvt. Capt., 
June 1, 1865, "'lor faithful and meritorious service." Resigned June 12, 1865, and 
honorably discharged. 

McNeill, JOHN W. S., . Second Lt. 2d U. S. Dragoons, June 8, 1836. Killed br 

Lidiaus in Florida, Sept. 11, 1837. 

McREYNOLDS, ANDREW T., Detroit. Capt. 3d U. S. Dragoons, Ap'l 9, 18i7. Bvt. 
Maj., Aug. 20, 1847, " for gallant and meritorious conduct at Contreras and Churu- 
busco." Disbanded July 31, 1848. Col. 1st N. Y. (Lincoln) Cav., June 15, 1861. 
M ustered out Aug. 22, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

MERRIFIELD, EDWIN R., Lansing. Second Lt. 15th U. S. Inf'y, Ap'l 9, 1847. Re« 
signed Feb. 17, 1848, and honorably discharged. 

MILES, JOHN C, . Ass't Surg. Vol's, Oct. 11, 1864. Bvt, Capt., Oct. 12, 1865, 

"for faithful and meritorious service." Mustered out Oct. 19, 1865, and honorably 
discharged. 

MILLS, WILLIAM, . Pvt. Comp'y C. 5th U. S. Infy, Oct. 28th, 1858. Corp'l, Mar. 1, 

1860. Serg t, July 1, 1861. First S<'rg't, July 21, 1861. Second Lt. and First Lt. 
16th Infy, Feb. 19, 1863. Bvt. Capt., Sept. 1, 1864, "for gallant and merit(.)ri()u& 
service during the Atlanta cam[ aign and in the battle of Jonesboro, Ga." Capt., Feb. 
13, 1866. Transferred to 2d Inf'y, Ap'l 17, 18(j9. Now in service. 

MIZNER, JOHN K. See Michigan officers. 

MIZNER, HENRY R. See Michigan officers. 

MONTEITH, GEORGE. See Michigan officers. 

MOORE, ORLANDO H. See Michigan officers. 

MORROW, HENRY A. See Michigan officers. 

NELSON, JAMES H., Pontiac. Additional Paymaster U. S. Army, Feb. 23, 1864. Maj. 
and Paymaster, Jan. 17, 1867. Now in service. 



I 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR 983 

NELSON, GEOKGE C, . Capt. and Com. Subs. Vot's, Oct. 8, 1862. Bvt. Maj., 

Sept. 4, 1865, " for faithful and meritorious service." Mustered out Oct. 9, 1865, and 
tiouorabiy discharged. 

NEWBUBY, SAMUEL S., Detroit. First Lt. 12th U. S. Inf'y, May 14, 1861. Capt., July 21, 
1»62. Bvt. Maj., Aug. 18, 1864, " for gallant and meritorious in the battle of Weldon 
Railroad, Va." Killed in action at "Weldon Eaikoad, Va., Aug. 19, 1864. 

NEWELL, JAMES J., Adrian. Capt. and Ass't Q. M. Vol's, Aug. 5, 1861. Resigned 
Nov. 1, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

NORVELL, FREEMAN. See Michigan officers. 

NORVELL, JOHN M. See Michigan officers. 

NORVELL STEVENS T., Detroit. Pvt. Comp'v A, 5th U. S. Inf'y, Jan. 23, 1858. 
Serg't Oct. 3, 1858. First Serg't, May 1, 1861. Serg't, Feb. 1, 1862. Discharged 
Jan 23 1863. Serg't, Comp'y A, 5th Inf'y, Jan. 23, 1863. Second Lt., 13th Inf'y, 
Feb 19 1863. First Lt., July 12. 1863. Transferred to 31st Inf'y, Sept. 21, 1866. 
Capt., June 10. 1868. Unassigned May 15, 1869. Assigned to 10th Cav., Jan. 1, 
1871. Now in service. 

NORVELL SPENCER, Detroit. Second Lt. 5th U. S. Inf'y, Oct. 20, 1839. First Lt., 
May 18, 1846. Capt.. Ap'i 30, 1849. Died Aug. 12, 1850. 

O'BEIRNE, RICHARD F., Detroit. First Lt. 14th U. S. Inf'y, May 14 1861. Q M. 2d 
Batt., Sept. 10, 1861, to Oct. 31, 1861. Capt., Oct. 25, 1861. Bvt. Maj. Aug 1, 1864, 
" for gallant service in the battle of North Anna, Va." Bvt. Lt. Col., Aug 18, 1864, 
•• for gallant service in battle on the Weldon R. R., Va." Trant^f erred to 32d Inf y, 
Sept. 21. 1866. Transferred to 21st Infy, Ap'l 19, 1869. Maj., 24th luf y. Mar. 20, 
1879. Now in service. 

O'BRIEN, LYSTER M. See Michigan officers. 

O'DONNELL, WILLIAM. See Michigan officers. 

OLMSTEAD, FREEMAN E., Adrian. Corp'l Comp'y 0. 18th Mich. Inf'y, Aug 7 1862 
Discharged, Mar. 22, 1864. Second Lt., 12th Tenn. Cav Mar. 23 1864. Be^'^^f'd 
Mav 12, 1865. Second Lt.. lOth U. S. Inf'y. Feb. 23, 1866. First Lt., July 28, 1866. 
Retired June 28, 1878. 

OLIVER, JOHN M. See Michigan officers. 

OWEN, E. GRIFFITH, Detroit. Capt. and Ass't Q. M. Vol's, Aug. 5, 1861. Honorably 

dischaiged. May 3, 1862. 
PARKINSON DAVID, . Second Lt. 16th U. S. Infy, Ap'l 13, 1865. Jjrst Lt. , Ap'l 13, 

1865. Transferred to 25th Inf'y, Sept. 21, 1866. Capt., June 22, 1868. Unassigned. 

Ap'l 26, 1869. Honorably discharged Aug. 13, 1870. 

PAYSON, IRA F., . Capt. and Ass't Q. M. Vol's, Feb. 29, 1864. Died July 30, 1864. 

PECK CHARLES H., Port Huron. Capt. and Ass't Q. M. Vols, Mar. 18. 1864. Re- 
signed Mar. 29, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PENROSE, WILLIAM H., — . Second Lt 3d U. S. Infy Ap'l 13. 1861. First Lt.. May 
14 1861. Adjt., Mar. 1, 1863. Col., 15th N. J. Vol s, Ap 1 18, 1863. .^yt. C^apt. . U . b^ 
A.mv Mav 3 1863 ''for gallant and meritorious sei-vae m the battle of Mar>e3 
VilfJhVf Vn " Bvt Mai US Army July 2, 1863, " for gallant and meritonous ser- 

war," Bris? Gen Vols, Ju„f 27, 1865. Musteied uat ol voluoteer seivioe, Jan. 16, 
1866. Now in service. 
PERCE, LE GRAND W. See Michigan officers. 



984 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

PERKINS, JABEZ., . Maj. and SuiR. Vol's, Oct. 27, 1863. Bvt. Lt. Col., . Mus- 
tered out Oct. 23, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

PHELPS, WILLIAM, Detroit, Maj. and Paymaster Vol's, Mar. 11, 1863. Bvt. Lt. Col. 
Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, for faithful and meritorious service. Mustered out July 31, 1865, 
and honorably discharged. 

PHILLIPS, EDWIN D., . Cadet M. A., , 1847. Bvt. Second Lt., 1st Inf y, 

July 1. 1852. Second Lt., June 1, 1853. Fust Lt., Oct. 31, 1856. Capt., May U, 
1861. Died Nov. 26, 1864. 

PIERCE, BYRON R. See Michigan officers. 

PITTMAN, SAMUEL E. See Michigan officers. 

PORTER, BENJAMIN F. See Michigan officers. 

POTTER, JOSEPH A., Detroit. First Lt. 15th U. S. Inf y, Sept. 27, 1861. Capt., and Ass't 
Q. M. U. S. Army, Sept. 27, 1861. Col. and Q. M. U. S. Army, Sept. 24, 1864. Bvt. 
Maj., Lt. Col., Col., and Brig. Gen. U. S. Army, Mar. 13, 1865, " for faithful and 
meritorious service during the war." Relieved as Col. and Q. M., Jan. 1, 1867. Maj. 
and Q. M., Jan. 18, 1867. Retired Ap'l 21, 1879. 

PRATT, JAMES H. See Michigan officers. 

PRESCOTT, ALBERT B., . Ass't Surg. Vol's, July 5, 1864. Bvt. Capt., Aug. 22, 

1865, "for faithful and meritorious service." Mustered out Aug. 25, 1865, and hon- 
orably discharged. 

PULFORD, JOHN. See Michigan officers. 

RANDALL, CHARLES L., . Ass't Surg. Vol's, May 19, 1865. Mustered out Oct. 11, 

1865, and honorably discharged. 

RAWLES, JACOB B., . Cadet M. A., Sept. 1, 1856. Second Lt. 3d Art., May 6, 

1861. First Lt. 5th Art., May 14, 1861. Bvt. Capt.. July 8, 1863, " for gallant and 
meritorious service in the siege of Port Hudson, La." Bvt. Maj., Ap'l 9, 1865, "for 
gallant and meritorious service during the campaign, terminating with the surrender 
of the insurgent forces under Gen. R. E. Lee." Capt. 5th Art, July 28, 1866. Now 
in service. 

REXFORD, WILLIAM H. See Michigan officers. 

RICE, FRANK R. See Michigan officers. 

RICHARDS, WILLIAM V. See Michigan officers. 

RICHARDSON, ISRAEL B. See Michigan officers. 

ROBE, CHARLES F., . First Lt. 147th N. Y. Inf'y, Sept. 23, 1862. Capt. Vet. Re- 
serve Corps, Mar. 5, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1866. First Lt. 29th U. S. lul'y, 
July 28, 1866. Unassigned Ap'l 25, 1869. Assigned to 25th Inf'y, Jan. 31, 1870. 
Capt., Jan. 25, 1872. Now in service. 

ROBINSON, JOHN C. See Michigan officers. 

ROMEYN, JAMES W., Detroit. First Lt. Vol's, and Aid-de-Camp to Brig. Gen. Wilcox, 
Sept. 8, 1862. Resigned Oct. 16, 1862, and honorably discharged. 

ROMEYN, HENRY, Tecumseh. Corp'l Comp'y G, 105th 111. Vol's, Aug. 15, 1862. Pvt. 

• , 1862. Serg't, Mar. 1, 1863. Capt. 14th U. S. Col'd Troops, Nov. 15, 1863. Bvt. 

Maj. Vol's, Mar. 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious conduct in the battle of Nash- 
ville, Tenn." Alustered out Mar. 26, 1866. First Lt. 37th U. S. Inf'y, Jan. 22, 1867. 
Bvt. Capt., U. S. A., Mar. 2, 1867, "for gallant and meritorious service in the battle of 
Nashville, Tenn." Unassigned May 19, 1869. Assigned to 5th Inf'y, Aug. 14, 1869. 
Now in service. 

ROSECRANTZ, MORTIMER., Ypsilanti. Cadet M. A., , 1837. Bvt. Second Lt., 

5th U. S. Inf'y, July 1, 1841. Second Lt., June 8, 1845. First Lt., July 10, 1846. Bvt. 
Capt., Aug. 2!i, 1847, " lor uallant and meritorious conduct in the buttles of Coutre- 
ras and Churubusco." Died Oct. 7, 1848. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 



9S5 



EUGKER DANIEL H., Grosse Isle. Second Lt. 1st U. S. Drngoons, Oct. 13, 1837. 
First Lt.. Oct. 8, 1844. Capt., Feb. 7, 1847. Bvt. Maj., U. S. A., Feb. 23, 1«47, 
"for ffallanl and meritorious conduct in the battle of Bu^na Vista." Tiansferred to 
Q M D.^partmeut Aug. 23, 1849. Maj. and Q. M., Aug. 3, 18(51. Col. and A. A. D. C, 
Sept 28 1861. Brig. Gen. Vol's, i.av 23, 1863. Resigned as Col. and A. A. D. C, 
May 26,' 1863. Bvt. Lt. Col., Col., and Brig. Gen. U. S. A., July 5, 1864. "for dili- 
fi^ent and faithful sei-vice during the war." Bvt. Maj. Gen. U. ^. A.^ .Mar. 13, 186.D, 
"for faithful and meritorious service during the war." Bvt. Maj. Gon. \ ol s, Mnv. 
13 1865 "for faithful and meritorious service during the war." Col. and Ass't Q. 
M.' Gen.'u. S. A., July 28, 1866. Mustered out of Volunteer service ^ept. 1, 1866. 
Now in service. 

RUCKER, WILLIAM A., Detroit. Capt. and Com. Subs. Vol's Aug. 30 1862. 
Additional Paymaster, U. S. A., Nov. 26, 1862. Bvt. Lt Col. \ols. Mar. 13, 18o0, 
" for faithful and meritorious service during the war." Maj. and Paymaster U. ». A., 
Ap'l 16, 1866. Now in service. 

SANFORD, GEORGE P. See Michigan officers. 

SANGER, JOSEPH P. See Michigan officers. 

SATTERLEE, RICHARD S., . Asst Surg. U. S A Feb. 25, 1822 Maj. and 

Su>- JuW 13 1832. Bvt. Lt. Col. and Brig. Gen., U. S. A., Sept. 2, 1864. "for dili- 
gent care'and attention in procuring proper army supplies as medical purveyor, and 
for economy and fidelity in the disbursement of large sums of money. Lt. Col. and. 
ChiefMedical Purveyor U. S. A., July 28, 1866. Retired Feb. 22, 1869. Died at 
New York City Nov. 10, 1880. 

SELFRIDGE, ROBERT 0. See Michigan officers. 

SHAFTER, WILLIAM R. See Michigan officers. 

SHERIDAN, PHILIP H. See Michigan officers. 

SIBLEY. EBENEZER S., Detroit. Cadet M. A. — ". ISf- ,^T^,f \\f tl'.f" Feb' 
1827 Second Lt. 1st Art., July 1, 1827. First Lt., -Mai-, fa 1834 Bvt. >'^>J-^' .J *^'^'- 
2r 1847, " for gallant and meritorious conduct at Bu.na Vista.' Capt. and .Is. t Q. 
XI T 1, 7 1S4.« Mai and O M Dec 22, 1856. Bvt. Lt. Col., May 6, 1861. Bvt. 
ci;i.f jtL'12 1861 it Col^^^^^^^ Q. M. Gen., Aug. 3, 1861. Resigned Apl 

15, 1864, and honorably discharged. 

SINCLAIR, WILLIAM H. See Michigan officers. 

SMITH, HENRY W., — . Capt. an,i Ass't Adjt. Gen. Vol's, Sept 19, 1861. Mastered 
out .-ept. 1, 1867, and honorably discharged. 

honorably discharged. 

SMITH, LESLIE. — . Pv. .ene,^^^™,f ^^^.i^^! lS'^\.'^lry,^S 
Serg't, Oct. 1, 1851. Discharged J^lv 27 18o4. ^ |^»"^' J^ j^, ^3 ^^35 .. .^,, 

. 1861. First Lt., June 11, 1861. ^^P^-'^^y^'}^''s{^. .>d inry Alay 21, 1880. Now 
faithful and meritorious service durmg the war. Maj. -d int > , i>iaj ^1, 

in service. 
SPENCER, THOMAS J.. Detroit. Pvt Con^yy A. ^st Michigan Eighty Ar^^ 

1861. Second Lt. 1st Ala. Cav., Aug. 21. l«<^f,. f^"'^^'"^^" ^^ t Mar. 2, 1867, "for 

end Lt. 10th U. S. Cav., July 28. l^^J^, . .^v'^'J^^^^^^ Ga." F ir'st Lt., June 1 1867. 

gaUant and meritorious service ui the battle of Atlanta, v^a. 

Capt., Mar. 20, 1879. Now in service. 
STANTON, WILLIAM —. f vt <)om^;y G 43d Cn.io Jnry Sept ^3,_I»«^. .^ Co,p., 

Now in service. 
STOCKTON, THOMAS B. W. See Michigan officers. 

U4: 



9S6 MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 

TEN EYCK, ANTHONY, Detroit. Maj. and Paymaster Vol's, June 1, 1861. Mustered 
out tSept. 23, 1805, and honorably discharged. 

TERRY, HENRY D. See Michigan officers. 

TERRY, ADRIAN R., Detroit. Maj. and Surg. 1st Mich. Vol's, Mexican war, Oct. 20, 
1847. Mustered out July 23, 1848, and honorably discharged. 

THAYER, HOMER L. See Michigan officers. 

THOMPSON, BRADLEY M. See Michigan officers. 

THOMPSON, JAMES L., Detroit. Second Lt. 10th U. S. Inf'y, June 27. 1856. Resigned 
Aug. 7, 1859, and honorably discharged. 

TILLMAN, WILLIAM, Detroit. Maj. and Paymaster Vol's, Sept. 5. 1861. B\'t. Lt. 
Col., .Mar. 13, 1865, " for faithful and meritorious service during the war." Mustered 
out Jan, 15, 1866, and honorably discharged. 

TITUS, PLATT S. See Michigan officers. 

TOLL, ISAAC D., Fawn River. Capt. 15th U. S. Infy, Ap'l 9, 1847. Resigned Dec. 

4, 1847, and honorably discharged. 

TROWBRIDGE, WILLIAM P., Detroit. Cadet M. A., , 1844. Bvt. Second Lt. U. 

5. Eiig's, July 1, 1848. Second Lt., Nov. 30, 1849. First Lt., Dec. 18, 1854. Re- 
signed Dec. 1, 1856, and honorably discharged. 

TROWBRIDGE, CHARLES F., Detroit. Serg't Maj. Ist Mich. (3 months) Inf'v, May 1, 
1«61. First Lt., 16th U. S. Inf'y, May 14, 1861. Bvt. Cape, July 4, 1862, "for a:al- 
laiit and meritorious service during the Peninsular campaign in Virginia." Capt., 
Jan. 13, 1863. Bvt. Maj., Sept. 1, 1864, " for i^allant and meritorious .service in i he 
battle of Kelly's Ford, Va., and during the Atlanta campaign." Transferred to the 
2d luf'y, Ap'l 17, 1867. Died at Ann Arbor, .Mich., Feb. 9, 1878. 

TURNER, HORACE, Detroit. Capt. and Com. Subs. Vol's, June 30, 1862. Musterod 
out June 17, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

TYLER, JOHN. See Michigan officers. 

TYLER RICHARD W. See Michigan officers. 

VAN BUREN, MICHAEL E., Pontiac. First Lt. Mounted Rifles, May 27, 1846. Bvt. 
Capt., Aug. 20, 1847, "for gallant and merilorions conduct at Coutreras and Churu- 
busco." Capt., Oct. 9, 1847. Died July 20, 1854. 

VAN DE VENTER, EUGENE, Flint. Capt. 15th U. S. Inf'y, Ap'l 9, 1847. Maj. 13th 
Inf'y, Dec. 22, 1847. Disbanded July 15, 1848, and honorably discharged. 

VAN VALKENBURG, ELI, . Maj. and Paymaster Vol's, Feb. 19, 1863. Mustered 

out Feb. 15, 1866. and honorably discharged. 

VICKERY, RICHARD S. See Michigan officers. 

WALBRIDGE. FRANK E. See Michigan officer^. 

WALDRON, GEORGE W. See Michigan officers. 

WALKER, CHARLES M., . Capt. and Com. Subs. Vol's, Jan. 20, 1865. Mustered 

out Aug. 15, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WATKINS, E. C, . Capt. and Ass't Adjt. Gen. Vol's, Oct. 8, 1864. Resigned Ap'l 

5, 1865, and honorably discharged. 

WELCH, ALLEN T., Ann Arbor. Second Lt. 15th U. S. Inf'y, June 17, 1848. Dis- 
banded July 20, 1848, and honorably discharged. 

WEIR, THOMAS B. See .Michigan officers. 

WELLS, DANIEL T. See Michigan officers. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 987 

WHEATON, LOYD, . First Serg't Comp'y E, 8th 111. Vol's, Ap'I 20, 1861. First 

Lt., July 25, 1861. Capt., Mar. 25, 1862. Maj., Aug. 28, 1863. Lt. Col., Dec. 2, 
1864. Bvt. Col. Vol's, Mar. 26, 1865, "for faithful and meritorious service durinar the 
caaipalKU against the city of Mobile and its defenses." Mustered out May i, 1866. 
Capt. 34th U. rt. Inf'y, July 28, 1866. Bvt. Maj. Mar. 2, 1867, "for gallant and mer- 
itorious service in the sies^je of Vicksburg, Miss." Bvt. Lt. Col., ilar. 2, 1867, "for 
gallant and meritorious service in the assault on Fort Blakely, Ala." Unassigned Ap'I 
14, 1869. Assigned to 20th Inf'y, Sept. 1, 1869. Now in service. 

WHIPPLE, HENRY C. See Michigan officers. 

WHISTLER, WILLIAM, Michigan Territory. Second Lt. 1st U. S. Inf'y, June 8, 1801. 
First Lt. Mar. 4, 1807. Capt, Dec. 31, 1812. Transferred to 3d Inf'y, May 17, 1815. 
Bvt. Maj., Dec. 31, ls22, "for ten years' faithful service in one grade." Maj. 2d Inf'y, 
Ap'I 28, 1826. Lt. Col. 7th Inf'v, July 21, 1834. Col. 4th Inf'v, July 15, 1845. Re- 
tired Oct. 9, 1861. Died Dec. 4, 1863. 

WHIT ALL, SAMUEL R., . Second Lt. 2d N. Y. Ait., May 5, 1864. Honorably 

discharged Sept. 23, 1864. Second Lt. 11th U. S. Inf'y, Mar. 7, 1867. Transferred to- 
16th Inf'y, Ap'I 14, 1869. First Lt., Mar. 4, 1879. Now m service. 

WHITING, DeGARMO, J. See Michigan officers. 

WHITTLESEY, HENRY M. See Michigan officers. 

WILLCOX, ORLANDO B. See Michigan officers. 

WILKINS, WILLIAM D. See Michigan officers. 

WILLIAMS, J. BENSON. . Capt. and Ass't Q. M. Vol's, Nov. 29, 1862. Appohit- 

ment expired Mar. 4, 1863. 

WILLIAMS, ALPHEUS S. See Michigan officers. 

WILLIAMS, THOMAS, Detroit. Cadet M. A. , 1833. Second Lt. 4th U. S. Art., July 

1, 1837. First Lt., Oct. 5, 1840. Bvt. Capt., Aui?. 20, 1847, "for gallant and meritori- 
ous conduct at Gontreras and Churubusco." Bvt. Maj., Sept. 13,1847, " for gallant 
and meritorious conduct at Chapultepec." Capt., Sept 12, 1850. Maj. 5th Art., May 
14, 1861. Brig. Gen. Vol's, Sept. 28, 1861. Killed in action at Baton Rouge, La., 
Aug. 5, 1862. 

WILLIAMS. JAMES C. D., Detroit. Second Lt. 3d U. S. Dragoons, Ap'I 9, 1847, First 
Lt., Jan. 8, 1848. Disbanded July 31, 1848, and honorably discharged. 

WIN AN S, FRAZEY M. See Michigan officers. 

WITHERELL, JAMES B., Detroit. Second Lt. 2d U. S. Cav., Mar. 3, 1855. First Lt., 
June 28, 1860. Drowned Mar. 20, 1861. 

WOODRUFF GEORGE A., . Cadet M. A. , 1857. Bvt. Second Lt. and Second 

Lt. and First Lt. 1st Art.. June 24, 1861. Died July 4, 1863, of wounds received at 
the battle of Gettysburg, Pa. 

WRIGHT, SAMUEL I., . Capt. and Ass't Q. M. Vol's, Feb. 27, 1863. Mustered out 

July 17, 1867, and honorably discharged. 



IN THE NAVY. 

EEGULAR A^D VOLUNTEER. 



" Our country's flag is proudly flung 
With all its stars on every breeze* 
And Freedom's voice, with trumpet-tongue, 
Is sounding over land and seas." 

During the ■vvav the Navy fully maintained its record of former years, per- 
forming its full share in preserving the Union, gallantly defending and 
honoring the flag on all occasions, and conspicuously so in the brilliant 
victory of the Kearsarge over the Alabama, in a distant sea, in view of 
the people of a foreign nation, who watched with intense interest the inosr, 
famous naval engagement of modern times. 

The casualties wereonly one killed and two wounded in that gallant victory, 
yet the life's blood of a son of Michigan — William Gouin, of Detroit — sealed 
the record of that glorious achievement. 

Of the services of Michigan men in the navy, during the war, there is 
unfortunately but little on record at the State headquarters, as reports were 
not made to that department; but undoubtedly tlu'y were there at their i)osts, 
distinguished officers and brave men, and it is presumable that tiie State 
furnished its proportion for that service, the enlistments being 598, as credited 
at the war department. 

It would have afforded much satisfaction to have been able to trace the 
services of both officers and men in the navy, from Michigan, but lack of 
data has rendered it impracticable. 

Following is a record of officers, both regular and volunteer, fiom Michi- 
gan, who served in the war, and although it may fail as to completeness, yet 
it is as full as it has been possible to make it under the circumstances, 

Tlie compilation has been made up from a record kindly furnished, involv- 
ing much research and ronsi l.M'able lab >r, by Commander Charles S. Cotton. 
of the navy, who prepared it principally from H miersly's "Record of Living 
Officers, U. S. Navy," an interesting and valuable publication. 



I 



I 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 989 

REGULAR. 

ADAM?*, SAMUEL 0. Born in Michigan. Appointed from Michipran Second Lt. U. S. 
Marine Corps, Nov. 25, 1861. First Lt., Nov. 4, 1862. Attaciied to U. S. Marine 
Barraclis, Wasliington, D. C, 1861-62. U. S. Frigate " Colorado," Gulf Blockading 
Squadron, 1863-64. Died at Cairo, 111., Ap'l 1, 1864. 

BABCOCK, CHARLES A. Born in New York, June 12, 183a. Appointed from Miciiigan, 
Ap'l 8, 1850. Attaciied to Sloop "John Adams," coast of Africa, 1850-53. Brig 
" Bainbridge," Brazil Squadron, 1853-55. Naval Academy, 1856. Passed Midsliip- 
man, June 20, 1856. Coast survev, 1857. Master, Jan. 22, 1858. Sloop " Vaiuialia " 
Pacific Squadron, 1858-59. Lt., Oct. 2, 1859. Sloop "Macedonian," 1861. Execu- 
tive officer U. S. Flag-ship " Wachusett," on James and York rivers, Va., 1862. Lt. 
Commander, July 16, 1862. Co.iimanding U. S. Steamer " Morse," North Atlantic 
Blockading Squadron, 1862-64. Sept. — , 1862, defeated rebel battery and infaiiLivat 
City Point, Va. May — , 1863, four miles below West Point, York river, Va., enyair(-d 
and drove away a rebel battery. At White House, Pamuiikey river, Va., June 2(1, 
1864, engaged the rebel Gens. Wade Hampton and Fitz Huij:li Lee's cavalry, with 
three batteries, driving them from their position and saving eight hundred w;igons, 
two thousand horses, and fifteen hundred men from captuie by ttie enemy. Acting 
Fleet Capt., Mississippi Squadron, 1854-65. On the breaking up of the squadron in 
June, 1865, by orders from Rear Admiral Lee, he proceeded to Jefferson Barracks, 
Mo., to superintend the erection of a naval ordnance depot for the protection of the 
guns and ammunition of that squadron. After accomplishing this duty he was relieved 
in Mar., 1866. Attached to Navy Yard, Portsmouth, N. H., 1867-68. Commanded U. 
S. Steamer "Nyack," South Pacific Squadron, 1868-69. Commander, Oct. 28, 1869. 
Dui'ing the rebellion was highly and favorably mentioned in Rear Admiral Lee's report 
to the Honorable Secretary of the Navy for his active and arduous services. Light 
House Inspector, 1870-72. Commanding U. S. Steamer "Guard," 1872-73, engaged 
in carrying out a part of the exhibit of the Unitpd States to the Expositif)n at Vienna, 
Austria. Commanding U. S. Monitor " Canonicus," North Atlantic Squadron, 1S75-76. 
Died at New Orleans, La., June 29, 1876. 

CLITZ, JOHN M. B. Born in New York, iMar. 10, 1823. Appointed from Michigan, Aug. 
12, 1837. Attached to Sloop "Ontario," West India Squadron, 1838-42. Naval 
School, Philadelphia, 1843. Passed Midshipman, June 29, 1843. Sloop " St. Alarys," 
Mediterranean Squadron, 1844-45. Sloop "Falmouth," Home Squadron, 1815^6. 
Commander Brig " Hecla," Home Squadron, 1847. Capitulation of Castle San Juan 
d' UUoa, and capture of Tuspan. Steamer "Perita," Home Squadron, 1847-48. 
Frigate " Cumberland," Mediterranean Squadron, 1849-51. Lt., Ap'l 6, 1851. Coast 
Survey, 1851-52. Steam Frigate "Mississippi," East India Squadron, 1852-55. 
Special duty, Washington, 1856. Sloop "Decatur," Pacific Squadron, 1858-59. 
Steam Sloop "Iroquois," 1861. Commander, July 16, 1862. Commanding "Penob- 
scot, " North Atlantic Blockading Squadron, 1863. Commanding Steam Sloop "Juni- 
ata," East Gulf Blockading Squadron, 1863. Commanding Steamer " Osceola," 
North Atlantic Blockading Squadron, 1864-65, at both attacks on Fort Fisher. Mavy 
Yard, Boston, 1866. Capt., July 25, 1866. Commandhig Steam Sloop "Pawnee," 
South Atlantic Squadron (Brazil), 1868-69. Ordnance duty. Navy Yard, New York, 
1870. Commanding Frigate " California," Pacific Squadron, 1870-72. Comnuxioro, 
Dee. 28, 1872. Commanding Naval Station, Port Royal, S. C, 1876-77. Light House 
Inspector, 1878-80. Rear Admiral, Mar. 13, 1880. 

DAVENPORT, FRANCIS O. Born in Michigan, Oct. 3, 1842. Appointed from Michigan, 
Sept. 26, 1856. Naval Academy, 1856-60. Attached to Brig "Perry," 1861. Cap- 
ture of rebel Privateer "Savannah," 1861. Steam Gunboat "Scioto," West Gulf 
Squadron, 1862-63. Bombardment and passage of Forts Jackson and St. Pldlip, ISCi. 
Engagement with guerrillas, Galveston, Tex., July 9, 1863. While temporarily in 
charge of the " Scioto," he went on shore on the coast of Texas with two boats and 
twelve men, crossed the island (three and one-half miles in width), and captured one 
Schooner with one hundred bales of cotton, and one Sloop with thirty bales. In pre- 
paring to leave he was wounded by the accidental discharge of a rifle, fracturing his 
left arm, and rendering amputation above the elbow necessary. Naval Academy, 
1864. Frigate "Sabine," 1865-66. Steamer "Michigan." on the lakes, 1866-67. 
Master and Lt., 1861. Lt. Commander, July 25, 1866. Sti'am Sloop " Tuscarora." 
South Pacific Squadron, 1868. Store-ship " Onward, ' same squadron, 1869. Retired 
from active service, at his own request, 1870. 



990 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 



DbGRAFF, ISAAC. Born in New York. Appointed from Michigan, Third Ass't Enff 
Deo. 9, 1861. Second Ass't Eng., Sept. 8. 1863. Attached to U. S. steamer " Hartl 
ford Admiral Farragufs Flag-ship, 1861-64, and participated in all the ena:a^enieuts 
of that celebrated ship during that period, including those of Forts Jackson and St 
Philip, the destruction and capture of the rebel fleet, the fall of New Orleans the 
passage of the batteries of Port Hudson, battle of Mobile Bay. etc. Soecial d'utv 
New York, 1865. Resigned Aug. 23, 1806. '' 

GRIDLEY, CHARLES V. Bom in Indiana. Appointed from Michigan, Sept 26 1860 
Naval Academy, 1860-63. Ensign. Oct. 1, 1863. Attaclied to Strain Sloop " Oneida " 
West Gulf Squadron, 1863-65. Battle of Mobile Bay, Aug. 5, 1864, and operations 
resulting m surrender of Forts Powell, Gaines, and Morgan, of the defenses of 
Mobile Bay Aug. 5 to 22, 1864. Steam Sloop "Brooklyn," Flag-ship Brazil Squad- 
ron 1865-67. Master, Nov. 10, 1866. Steam Sloop " Kearsarge " (of famous memory 
as the victor of the piratical rebel cruiser " Alabama," during the war of the rebellion) 
South Pacific Squadron, 1867-69. Lt., Feb. 21, 1867. Lt. Commander Mar 12 
1868. Attached to U. S. Steamer " Michigan," on the lakes, 1870-72 US Steamer 
'• Monongahela," South Atlantic Station, 1873-74. This ship returned from Kenruejen 
Island to South America with the officers composing the party to observe the transit 
of Venus. Instructor in Seamanship, Naval Tactics and Naval Construction Naval 
Academy 1875-79. Executive officer U. S. Steamer " Trenton," Flag-ship European 
otation, 1880. 

JACKSON, CALVIN 0. Born in New York. Appointed from Michigan, Paymaster July 17 
iyo7. Attached to Sloop " Vandalia," Paciho Squadron, 1857-58, Steamer " Memphis '' 
Brazd Squadron and Paraguay Expedition, 1858-9. Steam Sloop "Dakota "■ East 
India Squadron, 1859-61. Steamer " Michigan," on the lakes, 1862-63. Special duty 
Mississippi Squadron, 1864-65. Paymaster at Washington, 1866-68 Pay Director 
Oct. 24, 1871. Naval Academy, 186'J-72. Pay Omce, Baltimore, 1872-75 Retired 
from active service, 1876. 

HEYERMAN, OSCAR F. Born in Prussia. Appointed from Michigan Nov 29 1861 
Naval Academv, 1861-64. Steam Frigate " Colorado," Flag-ship Mediterranean 
squadron, 1866-67. Master, Dec. 1, 1866. Steam Sloop "Canandaigua," Eurouean 
Squadron, 1868-69. Lt., Mar. 12, 1868. Lt. Commander, Oct. 13 1868 Steam 
^onTl^A "5^oioi'a<iO'" Fla^-ship Asiatic Fleet, 1870-73. Ordnance duty, New York 
T.Jr • u.-c^^n ^i,"P "Alert," cruising with Naval Cadets, 1875. Steam Sloop 
Marion, 1876. Steam Sloop " Swatara," North Atlantic Station 1877-78 U S 
Store-ship "New Hampshire," Port Royal, S. C, 1879-80. 

MOKINSTRY JAMES P Born in New York. Feb. 9, 1803. Appointed from Michigan, 
.o^A h H^.: , ^"^^^^ ^^^'*^' ^"Ston, 1827. Sloop " Warren," Mediterranean Squadron, 
1829-30. Midshipman, Ap'l 28, 1832. Navy Yard, New York, 1833-34 Lt Feb 9 
1837. Sloop "Concord," West India Squadron, i837. Schooner "Dolphin'" BrazU 
Squadron, 1840. Sloop "Falmouth," HoiS^ Squadron, 1843. Steamer " Michigan " 
on the lakes, 1845-46. Sloop "St. Mary's," Pacific Squadron, 1847. Rendezvous 
7. i^'l'r-^^^'^" Commanding Mail Steamer "Georgia," 1854-55. Commander Sept' 
14, 1855. Light House Inspector, 1858-59. Commanding Steam Sloop "Dakota" 
Blockading Squadron, 1861. Capt., July 16, 1«62. Commanding Steam Sloop 
Monongahela,' West Gulf Blockading Squadron, under Rear Admiral Farragut 
Present at attacks on Port Hudson and Vicksburg, 1863. While in command of the 
Monongahela," operating on the Mississippi River, Capt. McKinstrv was wounded 
and during the remainder of the war was compelled to remain inactive. Command^ 
mg Receiving Ship at New York, 1865-66. Commodore, Julv 25, 1866. Commandant 
Naval Station, Sa<'ketfs Harbor, New York, 1870. Light KOuse Inspector at Detroit 
Mich., and honorably retired from active service same year. Died at Detroit, Mich.i 

EEED, JOHN H. Born in New York. Appointed from Michigan, Acting Midshipman at 
the U. b. Naval Academy, AnnapoUs, Md., Sept. 28, 1859. Ordered from the Naval 
Academy into active service, May, 1861. Ensign, Nov. 22, 1862 Lt Feb '>2 1864 
Lt. Commander, July 25, 1866. Served on board the U. S. Steamer "Hartford'' 
Tv.^^L^'*™*'"^' Farragut's Fia^r-ship, 1861-63, and was engaged in the operations on 
the Mississippi River, resulting m the capture of Forts St. PhiUp and Jackson and 
New Orleans, and the passage of the heavy batteries at Port Hudson, on which occa- 
sion only the "Hartford" and her small consort, the "Albatross," succeeded in get- 
ting by. Attached as Executive officer to the monitor "Lehigh," ofif Charleston S 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 991 

C, 1864-65, and served in all the actions of that vessel in front of Charleston duiin" 
that period. Again attached to the famous "Hartford," Flag-ship of the East India 
Squadron, 1865-68. Present at an attack upon the natives of the Island of Formosa. 
During the latter part of this cruise was appointed by the Commander-in-Chief of 
the East India Squadron, Rear Admiral H. W. Bell, as Fla^ Lt. Was drowned, 
together with Rear Admiral Bell and ten men of the crew of the Admirals barge' 
while attempting to cross the bar of the river at Osaka, Japan, in a heavv surf' 
Jan. 11, 1868. > f , / , 

SHERMAN, C. L. Born in Michigan. Appointed from Michigan Second Lt. U. S. Marine 
Corps, July 12, 1862, First Lt., Dec. 8, 1864. Attached to U. S. Marine Barracks 
Washington, D. C, and Charlestown, Mass., 1862-63. U. S. Steamer " Hanford " 
Flag-ship of Rear Admiral Farragut, 1863-64. U. S. Steamer "R-chmond," West 
Gulf Squadron. 1864-65. Participated in all the engagements of those two ships dur- 
ing that period, including operations in the Mississippi River in the " Haitford," and 
the battle of Mobile Bay and subsequent operations in the "Brooklyn." Marine 
Barracks, Brooklyn, N. Y., 1865-67. Marine Barracks, Philadelphia, Pa., 1867-69. 
Marine Barracks, Norfolk, Va., 1870. U. S. Steamer "Congress," 1871. Marine 
Barracks, Brooklyn, N. Y., 1872, Marine Barracks, Norfolk, Va., 1873. Marine Bar- 
racks, Pensacola, Fla., 1876. U, S. Receiving Ship " St, Louis," League Island, Pa., 
1877, Resigned Sept. 7, 1877. Since died in New York City. 

WATTERS, JOHN. Bom in Michigan, Jan. 5, 1831, Appointed from Michigan Feb, 12, 
1846, Sloop "Saratoga," Home Squadron, 1846-48. Frigate "Congress." Brazil 
Squadron, 1850-51, Naval Academy, 1852. Passed Midshipman, June 8, 1852. 
Sloop "Macedonian," East India Squadron, 1853-56, Lt., Sept. 16, 1855, Naval 
Acadamy, 1857-59. Sloop "Preble," Home Squadron, 1859-60. Steam Frigate 
"Minnesota," North Atlantic Blockading Squadron, 1860-62. On boaid the "Min- 
nesota " in the battles of the 28th and 29lh of Aug. , 1861. On the coast of North 
Carolina, in a boat expedition, in the same year. Up Black River, nine miles from 
Fortress Monroe, captured a schooner and destroyed a number of blockade runners. 
Engaged Sewall's Point batteries and rebel ram " Merrimac " and her consorts. Mar. 
8 and 9, 1862. Lt. Com., July 16, 1862. Steam Sloop " Monongahela, " Wesiern 
Gulf Blockading Squadron, 1863-65. Commanded the steam Gunboat "Kineo," at 
the passage of Port Hudson, on the Mississippi River, Mar, 14, 1863. In June, 
patroling the Mississippi River, looking for Gen. Green's Texas rebels who were 
advancing on the city of Donaldsonville in great force. From July 4 to in, 1863, con- 
voyed army transports by the rebel batteries posted on the Burnside and Winchester 
plantations, five miles below Donaldsonville, La., and fought these batteries going and 
returning. Special duty, Baltimore, Md,, 1866, Naval Academy, lb67. Commaniler, 
Ap 1 14, 1867, Commanding Store-ship "Cyane, " South Pacific Squadron, 1868-69, 
Navy Yard, New York, 1870. Commanded Receiving Ship "Vermont," Navy Yard, 
1870-73, Commanded Steam Sloop "Ossipee, " North Atlantic Squadron, during the 
settlement with Spain of the question arising out of the capture of the ' • Virginius " 
on the coast of Cuba, Died at Baltimore, Md,, Jan. 22, 1874. 

WISNER, HENRY C. Bom July 29, 1844, in Michigan. Appointed Midshipman to U. 
S. Naval Academy, Ap'i 16, 1862, Served on Sloop-of-War "Marion," and Gun-boat 
" Marble head, " from June to October, 1862, cruising on coast of U, S, Servetl on 
Frigate "Macedonian " from June to October, 18ii3, cruising on coast of Europe and 
English Channel, in search of rebel Privateer "Alabama." Served on Frigate " Mac- 
edonian " and Gunboat " Saco " from June to October, 1865, cruising on coast of U. 
S. Graduated at Naval Academy June 1, 1866, as Passed Mid-hii)nuui. Served on 
Steam Frigate "Susquehanna" from Nov. 1, 1866, until March, 1867, on sp«^cial 
cruise in Gulf of Mexico, on coast of Mexico, and West Indies. Served in South 
Atlantic Squadron, from June, 1867, to July, 1870, cruising in South Atlantic, servings 
on Steam Frigate " Guerriere," Flag-ship, Gunboat "Huron," Sloop "Pawnee," 
Gunboat "Wasp," and Sloop " Quinnebaug." Ensign, Mar. 24, 1868. Master, 
Mar. 2u, 1869, and Lt., Mar, 21, 1870, Attached to U. S. Torpedo Corps from October, 
1870, to March, 1872. Resigned Ap'l 16, 1873. In service eleven years— eight years 
and eight months at sea. 



992 MICHIGAN IN THE WAK, 

VOLUNTEEE. 

ABBOTT, J. GURLEY. Born in Michigan. Appointed from Michigan, Acting Master's 
Mate, Dec. 10, 1863. Served on the U. S. Steamer "Petrel," in the Mississippi 
Squadron. Discharged Dec. 7,- 1865. 

BAERON, JACOB. Born in New York. Appointed from Michigan, Acting Ensign, Mar. 
9, 1864. Served in the Pacific Squadron. Promoted Acting Master. Discharged 
Dec. 26, 1865. 

BEAMAN, EZRA 0. Born in Canada. Appointed from Michisran, Acting Ensii^n, Ap'I 
9, 1863. Acting Master U. S. Navy, March 19, 1864. Served on board tlie U. S. 
Steamer " Choctaw," Mississippi Squadron. Discharged Deo. 30, 1865. 

BRIGHAM, LEGRAND B. Born in New Yorli. Appointed from Michigan, Acting En- 
sign, Oct. 23, 1863. Served on the U. S. Steamer "Lodona," South Atlantic BlocJc- 
ading Squadron. Discharged Jan. 13, 1866. 

BROOKE, N. J. Born in New York. Appointed from Michigan, Acting Third Assistant 
Engineer, Feb. 5, 1863. Served on U. S. Steamers "Robb" and "Tensas," Missis- 
sippi Squadron. Discharged Aug. 8, 1865. 

BURNS, JEROME. Born in New York. Appointed from Michigan, Acting Carpenter, 
June 11, 1863. Served on U. S. Steamer "Mound City," Mississippi Squadron. 
Discharged Oct. 28, 1865. 

COOK, LIVINGSTON. Born in New York. Appointed from Michigan, Acting Second 
Assistant Engineer, July 20, 1863. Served on U. S. Steamer "Judge Torrence," 
Mississippi Squadron. Appointment revoked January 26, 1864. 

DOUGHERTY, GEORGE W. Born in Pennsylvania. Appointed from Michigan, Acting 
Assistant Paymaster, Sept. 18, 1863. Served on the U. S. Steamer " Hetzel," North At- 
lan 10 Blockading Squadron, and in the Mississippi Squadron. Discharged Jan. 1, 1866. 

DUCKER, GEORGE. Born in England. Appointed from Michigan, Acting Tliird Assis- 
tant Engineer, Oct. 12, 1863. Served on U. S. Steamer " Mt. Vernon," North Atlantic 
Blockading Squadron. Resigned May 12, 1865. 

FARRAND, JAMES B. Born in Michigan. Appointed from Michigan, Acting Third As- 
sistant Engineer, Nov. 12, 1862. Acting Second Assistant Engineer, May 5, 1864. 
Acting First Assistant Engineer. March 26, 1865. Served on U. S. Steamer " South- 
field," North Atlantic Blockading Squadron; Monitor "Manhattan," South Atlantic 
Blockading Squadron; U. S. Steamers "A'ound City" and " Shawmut," North At- 
lantic Squadron. Dischai-ged Oct. 7, 1868. 

FOSTER, JOHN H. Born in Ohio. Appointed from Michigan, Acting Assistant Second 
Engineer, Sept. 21, 1863. Acting First Assistant Engineer, July 8, 1864. Served on 
U. S. Steamer "Geranium," South Atlantic Blockading Squadron, and Monitor "Na- 
hant," South Atlantic Blockading Squadron. Discharged Octobor 11, 1865. 

GROW, A. L. Born in Michigan. Appointed from Michigan, Acting Third Assistant En- 
gineer, Aug. 1, 1863. Served on Alonitor "Nantucket," South Atlantic Blockading^ 
Squadron, and U. S. Steamer "Lark Spur," South Atlantic Blockatling "quadron. 
Discliarged Sept. 8, 1865. 

HARTER, LAFAYETTE. Born in New York. Appointed from Michigan, Acting Assis- 
tant Paymaster, Dec. 31, 1862 Served on the U. S. Steamer "Prairie Bird," Missis- 
sippi Squadron. Discharged Dec. 4, 1865. 

HEWITT, ISAAC B. Born in New York. Appointed from Michigan, Acting First Assis- 
tant Engineer, Oct 3, 1863. Served on U. S. Steamers "Crusader" and "Lady Stir- 
ling," North Atlantic Blockading Squadron. Discharged Sept. 24, 1865. 

JENNINGS, WILLIAM. Born in Michigan. Appointed from Michigan, Acthig Third 
Ass't Eng., Oct. 3, 1864, Served on U. S. Steamer "Lillian," North Atlantic Block- 
ading Squadron. Resigned Jan. 13, 1865. 

JOSSLIN, GEORGE C. Born in New York. Appointed from Michigan, Acting Master's 
Mate, Mar. 26, 1863. Acting Ensign, June 18, 1864. Served on the U. S. Stean> 
Sloop, " Tuscarora," special coast service, coast of Europe and U. S. Steamer 
"Petomska," South Atlantic Blockading Squaron. Resigned Ap'I 28, 1865. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAB, 993 

LAWKENCE, DAVID A. Born in Maine. Appointed from Michigan Acting Third Ass't 
Eiig., July 18, 1862. Served on U. S. Steamer "E. B. Hale," South Atlantic Block- 
ading Squadron. No further record. 

MOSES, JABEZ H. Born in New Yorli. Appointed from Michigan, Acting Ass't Surg., 
Feb. 19, 1864. Served in the Mississippi Squadron. Discharged Oct. 10, 1865, 

PHILLIPS, WILLIAM W. Born in New York. Appointed from Michigan Acting 
Ensign, June 11, 1864. Served in the Mississippi Squadron. Resigned May 22, 1865. 

PHILLIPS, SELDON JONES. Bom in Michigan. Appointed from Michigan, Acting 
Master's Mate, Nov. 25, 1863. Served on the U. 8. Steamer "Juliet," Mississippi 
K. ISquadron. Appointment revolced June 23, 1864. 

REDFIELD, GEORGE S. Born in New York. Appointed from Michigan, Acting Ass't 
Paymaster, Aug. 3, 1861. Served on the U. S. Steamer "National Guard," Western 
Gulf Blockading Squadron, also on the U. S. Steamer "Circassian" (supply). Re- 
signed Mar. 3, 1864. 

REYNOLDS, EZEKIEL. Born in New York. Appointed from Michigan, Acting First 
Ass't Eng., Oct. 15, 1863. Served on U. S. Steamer "Paw Paw," Mississippi Squad- 
ron. Discharged Oct. 19, 1865. 

REYNOLDS, CHARLES W. Born in New York. Appointed from Michigan, Second 
Ass't Eng., June 21, 1862. Served in the Mississippi Squadron. Acting First Ass't 
Eng., Aug. 10, 1864. Discharged Sept. 2, 1865. 

ST. JOHN, HENRY. Born in Michigan. Appointed from Michigan, Acting Ass't Pay- 
master, Aug. 20. 1863. Served on Barque "Restless," South Atlantic Blockading 
Squadron. Discharged Nov. 29, 1865. 

STROPE, WILLIAM H. Born in New York. Appointed from Michigan, Acting Mas- 
ter's Mate, . Acting Ensign, Ap'I 22, 1863. Commandmg U. S. Steamer 

"Dahlia," Mississippi Squadron, . Discliarged Nov. 23, 1865. 

STONE, CHARLES H. Born in Michigan. Appointed from Michigan, Second Ass't 
Eng., Aug. 24, 1861. Taken prisoner Jan. 1, 1863, at the capture of the "Harriet 

Lane," at Galveston, Texas. Exchanged, . Served on Gunboat "Pembina," in 

1863, and on Torpedo-boat "Stromboli," in 1865. Mustered out . Now Chief 

Eng. on Revenue Steamer, "Commodore Perry." 

VAN WERT, WILLIAM H. Born in New York. Appointed from Michigan, Acting 
Third Ass't Eng., Ap'I 1, 1864. Served in the Mississippi Squadron. Discharged 
Nov. 14, 1865. 

VAN CLEVE, JOHN W., Je. Born in Michigan. Appointed from Michigan, Acting 
Ass't Paymaster, Oct. 28, 1863. Served in Mississippi Squadi-on. Discharged Nov. 
8, 1865. 

WHEDON, ROBERT H. Born in Michigan. Appointed from Michigan, Acting Ass't 
Surg., Oct. 10, 1863. Served on the U. S, Steamer "Crusader," North Atlantic 
Blockading Squadron. Discharged Nov. 1, 1865. 

WHITTEMORE, GEORGE H. Born in Michigan. Appointed from Michigan, Acting 
Third Ass't Eng., Dec. 3, 1863. Served on U. S. Steamer " Galatea," West India 
Squadron; "A. D. Vance;" Monitor "Monadnock," during her passage around Cape 
Horn to the Pacitic, m the squadron which accompanied her, under the command of 
Commodore John Rogers. The "Monadnock" was not only tiie first "Monitor," 
but the tirst iron-clad vessel of war to double Cape Horn. Served also on the U. S. 
Steamer "Vanderbilt," North Pacific Squadron, and U. S, Steamer "Saginaw." 
Acting Second Ass't Eng., Ap'I 18, 1865. Discharged Dec. 22, 1868. 

WINTER, ASA O. Born in New York. Appointed from Michigan, Acting Ass't Pay- 
master, Aug. 1, 1861. Served on the U. S. steamer " E. B. Hale." South Atlantic 
Blockading Squadron; Steam Sloop "San Jacinto," Eastern Gulf Blockading Squad- 
ron, and died on board U. S. Steamer "Union," at sea June 28, 1864. 

WORDEN, ISAAC G. Born in New York. Appointed from Michigan, Acting Ass't Pay- 
master, Ap'I 1, 1863. Served on iron-clad Steamer " Caioudeiet," Mississippi Squad- 
ron. Resigned Nov. 9, 1864. 
I2b 



This compilation of history and register of officers shoulrl not be accepted as 
completing the war record of Michigan, as it must occur to every one that in 
justice to those who served in the ranks, a register containing their names 
should also be made and printed in a volume, and it is hoped that at no 
distant day this will be accomplished. 

Such a compilation would not only be recognized and accepted with much 
interest and favor by those whose names appeared therein, but in the future 
would prove of incalculable value in the adjustment of any claims arising on 
account of their services, while it would be cherished by their families and 
friends, as well as the people of the State, as a most sacred memorial of those 
who, at a great sacrifice, rendered heroic and faithful service to their country 
in tlie dav of its extreme trinl. 



MET THE ENEMY. 



Places and dates at which Michigan troops encountered the enemy daring 
the war, carefully compiled from the official reports of Regimental Command- 
ers, and covering over 800 occasions where Michigan men defended and pro- 
tected the Flag against treason and armed rebellion. 



Abbott Creek, N. 0., Ap'l 10, 1865. 

Abingdon, Va., Dec. 13, 1864. 

Ackworth, Tenn., June 2 to 5, 1864. 

Aiken, S. C, Feb. 11, 1865. 

Aldit^, Va., Ap'l 27, 1863. 

Altamaha Bridge, Ga., Dec. 17, 1864. 

Allatoona, Ga., May 26 to 29, 1864. 

Alpine, Ga., IMar. 23, 1865. 

Amelia Court House, Va., Ap'l 5, 1865. 

Amite River, Miss., June 20, 1862. 

Amite River, Miss., May 7, 1863, 

Alexandria, Tenn., Ap'l 23, 1863. 

Anderson's Gross Eoads, Tenn., Oct. — , 

1863. 
Anderson Court House, S. C, May 2, 1865. 
Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862. 
Antioch, Tenn., Ap'l 10, 1863. 
Appomattox Court House, Va., Ap'l 8 and 

9, 1865. 
Arkansas Post, Ark., Jan. 6, 1863. 
Arnold's Plantation, Ga., Dec 11, 1864. 
Arundel Creek, Ga., May 16, 1864. 
Ashby's Gap, Va.. June 21, 1863. 
Ashley's Bayou, Ark., Sept. 7, 1863. 
Ashton, Ark., Julv 24, 1864. 
Asheville, N. C, Ap'l 25, 1865. 
Athens, Tenn., Sept. 27, 1863. 
Athens, Ala., May 29, 1862. 
Athens, Ala., Sept. 24, 1864. 
Atlanta, Ga., Siege of, July 22 to Aug. 25, 

1864. 
Auburn, Tenn., Feb. 19, 1863. 
Auburn Heights, Va., Oct. 1, 1863. 
Averysboro, N. C, Mar. 14 and 15, 1865. 
Bacon Creek, Ky., Dec. 24, 1862. 
Baird's Mill, Tenn., Nov. 30, 1862. 
Baldwin, Fla., Aug. 8, 1864. 
Baldwin, Miss., June — , 1862. 
Ball's Bluff, Va., Oct. 21, 1861. 
Barataria, La., Aii'l 7, 1863. 
:Baton Rogue, La., Aug. 5, 1862. 
Baton Rogue, La., Aug. 17, 1862. 
:Baltimore Cross Roads, Va., May 29, 1864. 



Bay Springs, Miss., Sept. 10, 1862. 
Bayou Teche, La., Jan. 14, 1863. 
Bayou Mecoe, Ark., Aug. 27, 1863. 
Beaver Dam Station, Va., May 10, 1864. 
Bean's Station, Tenn., Dec. 14, 1863. 
Bean's Station, Tenn., June 16, 1864. 
Bean's Gap, Tenn., Mar. 26, 1864. 
Bentonville, N. C, Mar. 20 and 21, 1865. 
Bentonville, N. C.,Mar. 19, 1865. 
Benton, Aik., Sept. 11, 1863. 
Berry ville, Va., Sept. 3, 1864. 
Bethesda Church, Tenn., Nov. 29, 1864. 
Bethesda Church, Va., June 2 and 3, 1864. 
Big Shanty, Ga., June 9, 1864. 
Big Shantv, Ga., June 15, 1864. 
Big Black River, Miss., May 17, 1863. 
Big Blue, Mo,, Oct. 23, 18G4. 
Blackland, Miss., June 5, 1862. 
Blackburn Ford, Va., July 18, 1861. 

Blountsville, Tenn., , 1862. 

Blue Springs, Tenn., Aug. 23, 1864. 

Blue Springs, Tenn., Oct. 5 to 10, 1663. 

Boonsboro, Md., July 6, 1863. 

Boonsboro, Md.,July8, 1863. 

Boonville, Miss., June 1, 1862. 

Boonville, N. C, Mar. 27. 1865. 

Boon, N. C, Mar. 27, 1865. 

Bowen's Farm, Va., Sept. 30 and Oct 1, 

1864. 
Bowling Green, Ky., Feb. 14, 1862. 
BoydtonRoad, Va., Oct. 8, 1864. 
Bovdton Road, Va., Oct. 27, 1864. 
Bovdton Road, Va. Ap'l 2, 1865. 
Boykins, S. C, Ap'l 18, 1865. 
Brandy Station, Va., Oct. 13, 1863. 
Bradvville, Tenn., Jan. 21, 1863. 
Brabsons Mills, Tenn., Mar. 25, 1865. 
Brentwood, Tenn., Dec. 8, 1862. 
Brentwood, Tenn., Mar. 25, 1863. 
Bridgeville, Ala., Ap'l 6, 1865. 
Bristol, Tenn., Dec. 14, 1864. 
Bristol, Tenn., Dec. 13, 1864. 
Bridgeport, Ala., Ap'l 29, 1862. 



996 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 



Bristo Station, Va., Oct. 14, 1863, 
Brownsville, Miss., Jan. 14, 1863. 
Brownsville, Miss., Oct. — , 1863. 
Brownsville, Ark., Aug. 25, 1863. 
Broad Kiver Bridge, S. C, Feb. 17, 1865. 
Brown's Ferry, Tenn., Oct. 27, 1863. 
Buckland's Mills, Va., Oct. 19, 1863, 
Buffington's Island, O., July 19, 1863. 
Bull Run, Va., July 21, 1861. 
Bull Run 2d, Va., Aug. 28, 29, and 30, 1862. 
Bull Gap, Tenn., Aug. 21, 1864. 
BuU Gap, Tenn., Aug. 29, 1864. 
Buzzard's Roost, Ga., Feb. 25, 1864, 
Buzzard's Roost, Ga., May 10, 1864. 
Byhalia, Miss., Oct. 12, 1863. 
CsBsar's Head, S. C, Ap'l 30, 1865. 
Calhoun, Tenn., Sept. 26, 1863. 
Calhoun Ferry, Ga., May 15, 1864. 
Campbellville, Tenn., Sept. 5, 1864. 
CampbellviUe, Tenn., Nov. 24,1864. 
Campbell Station, Tenn., Nov. 16, 1863. 
Camden, Ark., Ap'l 15, 1864. 
Canv Branch, Tenn., June 20, 1864. 
Capture of Jeff. Davis, Ga., May 10, 1865. 
Carter's Station, Tenn., Sept. 21, 1863. 
Cassville, Ga., Mav 9, 1864. 
Cassville, Ga., May 19, 1864. 
Oat, Tail Creek, Va., Ap'l 2. 1865. 
Catawba River, S. C.,Fel'.-29, 1865. 
Cavetown, Md., July 5, Ibua. 
Cave Springs, Ga., Oct. 13, 1864. 
Cedar Mountain, Va., Aug. 9, 1862. 
Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19, 1864. 
Cedar Bluffs, Ala., Oct. 23, 1864. 
Chattanooga, Tenn, Oct. 6, 1863, 
Chattanooga, Tenn., Nov. 17, 1863. 
Chattanooga, Tenn., Nov. 23 and 24, 1863. 
Charlotte, Tenn,, Feb. 6, 1863. 
Chattahoochee, Ga., July 4, 1864, 
Chattahoochee, Ga., July 5 and 6, 1864. 
Chattahoochee, Ga., July 8, 1864. 
Chattahoochee, Ga., July 9, 1864. 
Charles Cross Roads, Tenn., Mar, 20, 1864. 
Champion Hills, Miss., May 16, 1863. 
Chancellorsville. Va., Mav 1 to 6, 1863, 
Chantillv, Va., Sept. 1, 1862. 
CheiTv VaUey, Tenn., June 16, 1863, 
Cheraw, S. C, Mar. 4, 1865. 
Chewala, Miss., Oct. 1, 1861. 
Chickamauga, Ga.. Sept. 18, 19, 20, 1863. 
Chickamauga, Ga., Nov. 26, 1863. 
Chickasaw Bayou, Miss., Dec. 28, 29, 1862. 
Christiansburg, Va., Ap'l 3, IBCS. 
Chucky Bend, Tenn., Oct. 10, 18G4, 
Chuckv Bend, Tenn.. Jan. 10, 1665, 
Clarendon, Ark., June 26, 1864. 
Cleveland, Tenn., Dec. 12, 1863, 
Cleveland, Tenn., Sept. 18, 1863. 
CUfton, Miss., Feb. 10, 1863. 
CUiiton, Ga.,Nov. 19, 1864. 
Clinton, Miss., Feb. — , 1864. 
Clinch River, Va., Nov. 28, 1864, 
Clinch River, Va., Dec. 24, 1864. 
(old Harbor, Va., Mav 30 and June 1, 1864 
Cold Harbor, Va., June 2 to 12, 1864, 
Cold Harbor, Va., July 21, 1864. 
Cobb's Ford, Tenn., Dec. 3, 1864. 



Coffeevilie, Miss., Dec. 5, 1862, 

Columbia, Tenn., Mar. 4 and 5, 1863. 

Columbia, Tenn., Nov. 25, 26, 27, 1864. 

Columbia, S. C, Feb. 15, 1865. 

Columbia, S. C, Feb, 17, 1865. 

Gongaree Creek, S. C, Feb. 15, 1865. 

Coosa, Ala., July 15, 1864, 

Coosaw River, S. C, Dec. 18, 1861. 

Corinth, Miss., siege of. May 10 to 31, 1862. 

Corinth, Miss., Oct. 3 and 4, 1862. 

Corinth, Miss., Feb, — , 1865. 

Corbin's Ridge. Va., May 8, 1864. 

Cotton Port, Tenn., Sept. 30, 1863. 

Courtland, Ala., July 25, 1864. 

Covington, Ga., July 22, 1864. 

Covington, Ga., July 2S, 1864. 

Coxs Bridge, N. C. Mar. 20, 1865. 

Cuckwold's Creek Bridge, S. C, Feb. 8, 1865. 

Culpepper, Va., Sept. 14, 1863. 

Culpepper, Va., Oct. 12, 13, 1^63, 

Culp's Farm, Ga., June 22, 1864. 

Gulp's House, Ga., July 1, 1864. 

Cumberland Gap, Tenn., Sept. 9, 1863. 

Cumberland Shoals, Tenn., Jan. 13, 1863. 

Cummings Ferry, Ky., Julv 9, 1863. 

Curtiss Wells, Ala., June 24, 1864, 

Cross Roads, Va., Nov. 26, 1863. 

Cypress Swamp, Ga., Dec. 7, 1864. 

Cypress River, Tenn., Oct. 7, 1864. 

Cynthiana, Tenn., June 12, 1864. 

Dabnev's Mills, Va., Feb. 6 and 7, 1865. 

Dallas, Ga., May 24, 1^G4. 

Uiillas, Ga., May 27, 1864. 

Dmdridge, Tenn., Dec. 24, 1863, 

D.iudridge, Tenn., Jan. 17, 1862. 

Daudridge, Tenn,, Dec. 25, 1863, 

Daiidridge, Tenn., Mav 19, 1864. 

Danbury, N, C, Ap'l 9, 1865, 

Danville, Ky., Oct. 17, 1862, 

Danville, Ky., Feb. 24, 1863. 

Davis Cross Roads, Tenn., Sept, 11, 1868. 

Decherd, Tenn., July 4, 1863, 

Decatur, Ala., July 20, 1864. 

Decatur, Ala., Oct. 28, 29, 30, 1864. 

Decatur, Ala., Oct. 24, 1864. 

Decatur, Ala., Nov. 28, 1864. 

Decatur, Ga., Julv 18 and 19, 1864. 

Decatur, Ga., July 20 and 21, 1864, 

Deep Bottom, Va., July 27 and 28, 1864. 

Devaux, S. C, Dec. 9, 18r,4. 

Double Bridge, Ga., Ap'l 18, 1865. 

Duck Pond Mills, Va., Ap'l 4, 1865. 

Duck River, Tenn., Nov. 24, 1864. 

Duck River, Tenn., Mar. 11, 1863. 

Dug Gap, Ga., May 13 and 14, 1864, 

Durant's Mill, Ga., July 20 and 21, 1864, 

Dutch Bottom, Tenn., June 28, 1864, 

Eagleville, Tenn., Jan. 20, 1863. 

East Point, Ga., Aug. 3, 1864. 

Eaton ton, Ga., Aug. 1, 1864. 

Elk River Ford, Tenn., July 2, 1863, 

Elk Water, West Va., Sept. 11 and 12, 1861. 

EUistown, Miss., Dec. 3, 1863. 

Elv's Ford, Va., Aug. 29, 1862. 

Estillville, Va., , 1862. 

Etowah River, Ga., May 24, 1864. 
Etowah River, Ga., May 26, 27, 28, 1864. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 



997 



I'air Oaks, Ga., Aug. 19, 1864. 
Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, 1862. 
JPai^ Garden, Tenn., Jan. 24, 1864. 
FaUing Waters, Md., July 14, 1863. 
J'armington, Miss., May 9, 1^62. 
Farniin^ton, Miss., May 5, 18G2. 
Farmer's Bridge, Ga., May 15, 1864. 
Farmville, Va., Ap'l 7, 1865. 
FayetLeville, N. C, Mar. 13, 1865, 
Fitzhugii Crossing, Va., Ap'l 29, 1863. 
Five Forks, Va , Mar. 30 and 31, and Ap'l 1, 

1865. 
Flat Rock, Ga., July 27, 1864. 
Flat Rock, Ga., July 28, 1864. 
Flat Creek Bridge, Tenn., Aug. 24, 1864. 
Flemingsburg, Ky„ Feb. 18, 1865. 
Florence, Ala., Oct. 6, 1864. 
F'lorence, Ala., Oct. 10, 1864. 
Ford near Statesville, N. C, Ap'l 11, 1865. 
Fort Esperanza, Tex., Nov. 29, 1863. 
Fort Saunders, Tenn., Nov. 29, 1863. 
Fort Steedman, Va., Mar. 25, 1865. 
Fort Morgan, Ala., Aug. 23, 1864. 
Fort Blakely, Ala., Ap'l — , 1865. 
Fort Hugar, Ala., Ap'l — , 1865. 
Fort Tracy, Ala., Ap'l — , 1865. 
Fort Pulaski, Ga., Ap'l 14, 1862. 
Fort Mahon, Va., A|.'l 2, 1865. 
Fort Riley, Tenn., Sept. 1, 1862, 
Fort McAllister, Ga., Dec. 13, 1864. 
Fort Anderson, N. C, Feb. 18, 1865, 
Fort McGilvery, Va., Ap'l 1, 1865. 
Franklin, Tenn., Dec. 12, 1862. 
Franklin, Tenn., Sept. 27, 1864. 
Franklin, Tenn., Nov. 30, 1864. 
Franklin, Mo,, Oct, 1, 1864. 
Fredericksburg, Va., Dec, 11, 12, 13, and 14, 

1862. 
Front Royal, Va,, Aug. 16, 1864. 
Gainesville, Tenn., Feb. 19, 1863. 
Gaines's Mill, Va., June 27, 1862. 
Gainesville. Va., Aug. 29, 1862. 
■Gallatin, Tenn., Nov. 8, 1862. 
Gallatin, Tenn., Aug. 13, 1862. 
<}allatin, Tenn., Dec. 5, 1862. 
Georgetown, Ky., June 13, 1864. 
<Jettvsburg, Pa., July 1, 2, 3, and 4, 1863. 
Glasgow, Ky., Dec. — , 1862, 
■Glendale, Va., June 30, 1862, 
Golaotha, Ga., June 15, 1864. 
Goldsboro, N. C, Mar. 22, 1865. 
Grand Gulf, iMiss., Ap'l 28, 1863. 
-Grand Gulf, Miss., May 27, 1862. 
•Graysville, Ga., Nov., 26, 1863. 
Greenwich, Va., May 30, 1863, 
■Grenada, Miss., Aug. 14, 1863. 
Greenville, Tenn., May 30, 1864. 
Greenville, Tenn., Aug. 4, 1864, 
Gref-nviile, Tenn.. Aug. 23. 1864. 
Greenville, Tenn., Sept. 4, 1864. 
■Green Briar, West Va., Oct. 3, 1861, 
Gregory's Landing, Ark., Sept. 4, 1864. 
G: iswoldville, Ga.', Nov. 20, 1864, 
'Groveton, Va., Aug. 29, 1862. 
Gunter's Landing, Ala., May 15, 1862. 
fiagerstown, Md., July 6, 1863. 
Jlagerstown, Md., July 10, 1863. 



Hanover, Pa., June 30, 1863. 
Hanover, Va., May 27, 1864. 
Hanover Court House, Va., May 27, 1862. 
Harrisonburg, Va., A[)'l 22, 1862. 
Harrodsburg, Ky., Oct. 10, 1862. 
Harpeth River, Tenn., Jan. 12, 1863, 
Harrison's Landing, Va., July 2, 1862, 
Hatchie, Miss., Oct. 6, 1862. 
Hatcher's Run, Va., Oct. 27 and 28, 1864. 
Hatcher's Run, Va., Feb. 5, 1865. 
Hatcher's Run, Va., Alar. 25, 1865. 
Hatcher's Run, Va., Mar. 29, 1865. 
Hawes's Shop, Va., May 28, 1864. 
Haymarket, Va., June — , 1863. 
Hazel Green Ky., May 10, 1864, 
Hazel Green, Ky,, Nov. 9, 1864. 
Hazel Green, Ky., Jan. 28, 1865. 
Henry ville, Tenn., Nov. 23, 1864. 
Henry Court House, Va., Ap'l 8, 1865, 
Hendersonvilie, N. C, Ap'l 21, 1865. 
Hickory Creek, Tenn., July 4, 1863, 
Hickman's Bridge, Ky., Mar. 27, 1863. 
High Point, N. C, Ap'l 10, 1865, 
High Bridge, Va., Ap'l 6, 1865. 
Hillsboro, Tenn., Mar. 12, 1863. 
Hill Creek, Tenn., Oct. 3, 1863, 
Hillsville, Va., Ap'l 1, 1865. 
Holly Springs, Miss., Nov. 7, 1862. 
Hollow Tree Gap, Tenn., Dec. 4, 1862. 
Honey Hill, S. C, Nov. 30, 1864. 
Horse Shoe Bend, Ky., May 10, 1863. 
House Mountain, Tenn., Jan. — , 1864. 
Hoover's Gap, Tenn., June 25, 1863. 
Hudsonville, Miss., Nov. 14, 1862. 
Huff's Ferry, Tenn., Nov. 12, 1863. 
Hunterstown, Pa., July 2, 1863. 
Independence, .io., Oct. 22, 1864. 
Irish Bottom, Tenn., Oct. 25, 1864. 
Island No. 10, Mo., Mar. 14 to Ap'l 7, 1862. 
luka. Miss., Sept. 19. 1862. 
Jack's Shop, Va., Sept. 26, 1863. 
Jack's Creek, Miss., Dec. 24, 1863. 
Jackson, Miss., May 14, 1863. 
Jackson, Miss., July 11 to 18, 1863. 
James City, Va., Oct. 10, 1863. 
James Island, S, C, June 16, 1862. 
Jamestown, Ky,, June 2, 1863. 
Jefferson Bridge, Tenn., Dec. 27, 1862. 
Jenkins's Ferry, Ark., Ap'l -Ad, 30, 1864. 
Jericho Mills, Va., May 24, 1864. 
Johnsonviile, Tenn., Ap'l 25, 1864. 
Johnson's Station, Tenn., Oct. 1, 1864. 

Jonesville, Va., , 1862. 

Jonesboro, Ga., Aug. 19, 1864. 
Joi.esboro, Ga., Aug. 31, 1864. 
Jono.-lioro, Ga., Sept. 3 and 4, 1864. 
Jonesboro, Tenn., Ap'l 25, 1864. 
Jonesboro, Tenn., Ap'l 5, 1865. 
Jonesboro, Tenn., Sept. 30, 1864. 
Jonesboro, Va., Dec. 23, 1864. 
Kelly'.s Ford, Va., Sept. 13, 1863. 
Kelly's Ford, Va., June 9, 1863. 
Kelly's Ford, Va., Nov. 7, 1863. 
Keuesaw Mountain, Ga., June 23 to 29, 1864. 
Kenesaw Mountain, Ga., .July 1, 1864. 
Kingston, Ga., ^lay 18, 1864. 
Kingston, Ga., May 27, 1864, 



998 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAE. 



Kingston, Tenn., Sept. 1, 1863. 
Kingston, Tenn., Nov. 26, 1863. 
Kinsboro Cross Roads, Tenn., Jan. 16, 1864, 
King-sport, Tenn., June 18, 1864. 
Kingsport, Tenn., Dee. 12, 1864. 
Kirsville, Mo., Aug. 6, 1862. 
Knoxviile, Tenn., Nov. 18, 1863, 
Knoxville, Tenn., Nov. 24, 1863. 
Knoxviile, Tenn., July 24, 1864. 
Knoxville, Tenn., Siege of Sept. 17 to Dec 

5, 1863. 
Lancaster, Ky., Oct. 12, 1862. 
Lancaster, Ky., July 30, 1863. 
Lattimer's Mills, Ga., June 20, 1864. 
Laurel Mountain, Va., Sept. 29, 1864. 
Laurel Hill, Va., May 8, 1864. 
Lavergne, Tenn., Jan. 1, 1863. 
Lavergne, Tenn., Jan. 25, 1863. 
Lavergne, Tenn., Dec. 26, 1862. 
Lawrenceburg, Tenn., Nov. 4, 1863. 
Lawrenceburg, Tenn., Nov. 21, 1864. 
Lawrenceburg, Ky., July 9, 1863. 
Lay's Ferry, Ga., May 14, 1864. 
Lebanon, tenn., Nov. 9, 1862. 
Lebanon Mills, Ga., July 14, 1864. 
Lebanon, Ky., July 5, 1863. 
Leetovs'n, Va., Aug. 25, 1864. 
Leesburg, Tenn., Sept. 29, 1863. 
Lenoir station, Tenn., Nov. 12, 1863. 
Lenoir Station, Tenn., Nov. 15, 1863. 
Lexington, Mo., Sept. 12 to 20, 1861. 
Lexington, Kv., June 10, 1864. 
Lexington. S." C, Feb. 15, 1865. 
Liberty, Tenn., Feb. 20, 1863. 
Liberty, Tenn., Ap'l 3, 1863. 
Little Laramie, Dakota Ter., Aug. 6, 1865. 
Little liock, Ark., Siege of, Aug. and Sept., 

1863. 
Little Missouri River, Ark., Ap'l 3 and 4, 

1864. 
Locust Grove, Va., Nov. 27, 1863. 
Lookout Mountain, Tenn., Sept. 10, 1863. 
Lookout Mountain, Tenn., Nov. — , 1863. 
Lookout Valley, Tenn., Sept. 7, 1863. 
Lost Mountain, Ga., May 27, 1864. 
Lost Mountain, Ga., Jun'e 9 to 18, 1864. 
Lost Mountain, Ga., July 17, 1864. 
Lost .Mountain, Ga. , Oct. 5, 1864. 
Loudon, Tenn., Sept. 29, 1863. 
Loudon, Tenn., Nov. 14. 1863. 
Loudon, Tenn., Sept. 2,1863. 
Louisa Court House, Va., Mar. 8, 1865. 
Louisville. Ga., Nov. 26, 1804. 
Lovejoy's station, Ga., Aug. 20, 1864. 
Lovejoy's Station, Ga., Sept. 1, 1864. 
Lovejoy's Station, Ga., Nov. 16, 1864. 
Lumkin's Mills, Miss., Nov. 28, 1862. 
Luray, Va., Sept. 24, 18(14. 
McAffee's Cross Roads, Ga., June 11, 1864. 
McAffce's Chuivh, Tenn., Sept. 19, 1863. 
McCormack's Farm, Ky., Sept. 23, 1864. 
McCormack's Farm, Ky., Nov. Ill, 1864. 
McCormack's Farm, Ky., Dec. 29, 1864. 
McDonouiih's, Ga.. Aug. 20, 1864. 
McGarvick's Ford, Tenn., Ap'l — , 1863. 
McMinnville, Tenn., Ap'l 21, 186:5. 
MoMinnvUle, Tenn., Oct. 4, 1863. 



Macon, Ga., Ap'l 20, 1865. 
Macon, Ga., Nov, 21, 1864. 
Macon. Ga., July 30, 18(i4. 
Madison Court House. Va., Dec. 24, 1864. 
Madisonville, Tenn., Oct. 30, 1864. 
Magnolia Swamp, Va., June 1, 1864. 
Malvern Hill, Va., July 1, 1862. 
Manchester Pike, Tenn., Jan. 5, 1863. 
Marion, W. Va., Dec. 18, 1864. 
Marietta, Ga., July 1, 1864. 
Marietta, Ga., July 3, 1864. 
Meadow Bridae, Va., i\lay 12, 1864. 
Mechanicsville, Va., June 26, 1862. 
Mechaniesville, Miss., June 4, 1863. 
Memphis, Mo., July 18, 1862. 
Middletowu, Va., Mar. 25, 1862. 
Middletown, Tenn., May 22, 1863. 
Middletown, Tenn., June 24, 1863, 
Middieburg, Tenn., Dec. 'J4, 1862. 
Middleburg, Va., June 21, 1863. 
Mill Springs, Ky., Jan. 19, 1862. 
Millford, Va., Mav 27, 1864. 
Milton, Tenn., Feb. 18, 1863. 
Milledgeville, Ga., Nov. 24, 1864. 
Mill Creek, Tenn., Dec. 25, 18,i2. 
Mine Run, Va., Nov. 26 to 30, 1863. 
Mission Ridge, Tenn., Nov. 25, 1863. 
Mobile, Ala., Siege of. Mar. 20 to Ap'l 12, 

1865. 
Monterey, Md., July 4, 1863. 
Monterey, Miss., May 5, 1862. 
Moore's Ridge, Ga., July 12, 1864. 
Moore's Mill, Md., July" 28, 1862. 
Morton's Ford, Va., Nov. 26, 1863. 
Morristown, Tenn., Dec. 10, 1863. 
Morristown, Tenn., Mar. 19, 1864. 
Morristown, Tenn., June 2, 1864. 
Morristown, Tenn., Aug. 3, 1864. 
Morristown, Tenn., Nov. 20, 1864. 
Morristown, Tenn., Dee. 2, 1864. 
Morrisville, Va., Dec. 30 and 31, 1862. 
Morrisville, N. C, Ap'l 13, 1865. 
Morristown, Ky., Nov. 13, 1864. 
Morristown, Va., Dec. 25, 1864. 
Morganton, N. C, Ap'l 16 and 17, 1865. 
Morganton, N. C, Apl 18, 1865. 
Mossy Creek, Tenn., Dec. 29, 1863. 
Mossy Creek, Tenn., Jan. 10, 1864. 
Mossy Creek, Tenn., Dec. 26, 1863, 
Mossy Creek, Tenn., Aug. 18, 1864, 
Moses Creek, Ga., Oct. 3, 1864. 
Moseburg, Tenn., June 23, 1864. 
Moss House, Ga., June 22, 1864, 
Mount Crawford, Va., Oct. 2, 1864. 
Mount Pleasant, Teim., Nov. 24, 1864. 
Mount Sterling, Ky., June 9, 1864. 
Mount ^terling, Ky., Nov. 16, 1864. 
Mount Sterling, Ky., Jan. 19, 1865. 
Mount Airey, Va., Mar. 31, 1865. 
iVlouiit Airev, Va., Dec 17, 1864. 
Mulberry Creek, Ga., Aug. 3, 1864, 
Munfordsville, Kv., s.^pt. 14, 1S62. 
Miinlordsville, Ky., Dec. 27, 1862. 
Murlreesboro, Tenn., Julv 13, 1862, 
Miiifit'esboro, Tenn., Nov. 30 to Dec. 20,^ 

1864. 
Metamora, Tenn., Oct. 5, 18r)2. 



i 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 



999 



NaPhville Pike, Tenn., Dec. 30, 1862. 
Nashville, Tenn., Aug. 30, 1864. 
Nashville, Teun., Dec. 14 to 22, 1864. 
Nashville & Chattanooga R. B., Tenn., Oct. 

5, lb63. 
New Madrid, Mo., Mar. 13, 1862. 
New Hope Church, Ga., May 25, 1864. 
New Hope Church, Ga., May 27, 1864. 
New Hope Church, Ga., June 1, 1864. 
New Hope Church, Ga., Oct. 7, 1864. 
Newton, Va., Nov. 12, 1864. 
Newton, N. C, Ap'l 17, 1865. 
New Market, Tenn., Dec. 25, 1863. 
New Market, Tenn., June 21, 1864. 
Newport, Tenn., July 8, 1864. 
Newport, Tenn., Oct. 18, 1864. 
New Store, Va., Ap'l 8, 1865. 
New Bridge, Va., May 24, 1862. 
Nickajack Creek, Ga., July 1, 1864. 
Nickajack Creek, Ga., July 5, 1864. 
Noel's Farm, Va., May 26, 1864. 
Nolansville, Tenn., Dec. 17, 1864. 
Noondav Creek, Ga., June 19, 1864. 
Noonday Creek, Ga., June 23, 1864. 
North Vernon, Ind., July 13, 1863. 
North Anna, Va., May 23, 1864. 
North Anna, Va., May 25, 1864. 
Nottawa Court House, Va., Dec. 8, 1864. 
Ny River, Va., May 9 and 10, 1864. 
Ny River, Va., May 21, 1864. 
Occoquan, Va., Feb. — , 1863. 
Ogeechee, Ga., Dec. 5, 1864. 

Opequan, Va., Sept. 19, 1864. 

Oiange Court House, Va., June 16, 1862. 

Orangeburg, S. C, Feb. 14, 15, 1865. 

Orizaba, Miss., Nov. 30, 1863. 

Otterville, Mo., Oct. 10, 1864. 

Overall Creek, Tenn., Dec. 7, 1864. 

Owl Creek, Miss., May 17, 1862. 

Ox Ford, Va., May 23, 1864. 

Panola, Miss., July 20, 1863. 

Paperville, Tenn., Dec. 13, 1864. 

Paris, Ky., July 29 1863 

Peach Tree Creek, Ga., July 20, 1864. 

Peach Tree Creek. Ga., July 22, 1864. 

Peach Orchard, Va., June 29, 1862. 

Pea Ridge, Mo., Mar. 6 and 7, 1«62. 

Pea Vine Creek, Tenn., ^ept. 17. 186d. 

Peebles's Farm, Va., Sept. 30, 186_4. 

Peebles's Farm, Va., Mar. 25, 186D. 

Pegrara Farm, Va., Oct. 2, 1864. 

Pelham, Tenn., July 2, 1863. 

Perry viUe, Ky., Oct. 8, 1862 

Petersburg, Va., June 18 1864. 

Petersburg, Va., Siege of, June 17, 1864, to 

Ap'l 3, 1865. „ . „ o 1QCK 

Petersburg, Va., Capture of, Ap 13, 1865. 
Petersburg & Norfolk R. R., J" Y 30, 1864. 
Phikidelphia, Tenn., Oct. 23, 18t.3. 
Phillips Cross Roads N. C. Mar. 4, 1865. 
Pickensville, S. C, ^'^y ^ 1865. 
Pierceville, Ind., July 14, IS^-^- 
Pigeon River, Tenn., Jan. 2(, 1864. 
Pine Hill, Miss., May 2, 1862 
Pine Mountain, Ga., June 3 to 7^ 1864. 
Pine Creek, Tenn., Nov. 26, 8f,4 
Pittsburg Landing, 'fenn., Ap 1 6, and 7, 1862 



Po River, Va., May 10 and 11, 1864. 
Pocotaligo, S. C, Ap'l—, 1862. 
Point Pleasant, Mo., Mar. 9, 1862. 
Point Burnside, Kv., Aug. 30, 1864. 
Pohick Church, Va., Jan. 9, 1862. 
Ponchatoola, La., May 16, 1863. 
Ponchatoola, La., Mar. 24, 25. 26, 1863. 
Pond Sprines, Ala., June 28, 1864. 
Port Republic, Va., July 26, 27, 28, 1864, 
Port Gibson, Miss., May 1, 1863. 
Port Jackson, La., Ap'l 25, 1862. 
Port Hudson, La., Siege of. May 23 to July 

5, 1863. 
Port Roval, S. C, Nov. 7, 1861. 
Port Roval Ferry, S. C, Jan. 1, 1862. 
Port Royal, Va., Ap'l 23, 1863. 
Poplar Spring Church, Va., Sept. 30, 1864. 
Pound Gap, Kv., Mav 17, 1864. 
Powder Spring Gap, Tenn., Ap'l 28, 1864. 
Prairie Dehan, Ark., Ap'l 12, 13, 14, 1864. 
Princeton Yard, Tenn.. Jan. 6, 1865. 
Princeton, Ark., Dec. 8, 1863. 
Prosperity Church, Tenn., Ap'l 2, 1863. 
Pulaski, tenn., Dec. 25, 1864. 
Purdy, Miss., Dec. 22, 1863. 
Quaker Road, Va., Mar. 31, 1865. 
Raccoon Ford, Va., Sept. 16, 1863. 
Raccoon Ford, Tenn., Oct. 30, 1864. 
Raleigh & Smithfield R. R., N. C, Ap'lll, 

1865. 
Raleigh, N. C, Ap'l 12, 1865. 
Rappahannock Station, Va., Nov. 7, 1863. 
Raymond, Miss., May 12, 1863. 
Ream's Station, Tenn., Dec. 14, 1863. 
Ream's Station, Tenn., Aug. 25, 1864. 
Red Clay, Ga., May — , 1864. 
Red Oak Turnout, Ga., Aug. 27, 1864. 
Reed's Bridge, Ga., Sept. 18, 1863. 
Resaca, Ga., May 9, 1864. 
Resaca, Ga., May 12, 1864. 
Resaca, Ga., May 13, 1864. 
Resaca, Ga., May 14, 1864. 
Resaca, Ga., May 15, 1864. 

Rheatown, Tenn., Oct. 11, 1863. 

Rheatown, Tenn., Ap'l 24, 1864. 

Richmond, Va., Mar, 1, 1864. 

Richmond, Kv.. , 1862. 

Richland Creek, Tenn., Dec. 24, 1864. 

Rich Mountain, "West Va., July 11, 1861. 

Ridges, or Sailor's Creek. Va., Ap 1 6, 1865. 

Rienzi, Miss., Aug. — , 1862. 

Ringgold, Tenn., Nov. 27, 1863. 

Ripley, Miss., Nov. 29, 18G3. 

Robinson's T^ivern, Va., Nov. 29, 1863 

Rocastle River, Ky., Oct. — , 1862. 

Rock Island, Tenn., Aug. 2. 1863. 

Rocky Face, Ga., May 8, 1864. 

Rocky Face, Ga., May 9, 10, 1864. 

Rogersville, Tenn., June 17, 1864. 

Ro^ersville. Teim.. Aug. 27, 1864. 

Rome, Ga., Oct. 12. 1864. 

Rome Cross Roads, Ga., May 16, 1864. 

Rossville. Ga., Sept. 22. 1«63. 

Rosswell, Ga., July 4, 1864. 

Kosswell, Ga.. Sept. 26, 1.S64. 

Rouirh and Ready, Ga., Aug. 30. 1864. 

Rough Station, Ga , July 3 and 4, 1864. 



lOuO 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAK 



Rover, Tenn., June 23, 1863. 
Kover, Tenn., Jan. 31, 1863. 
Kover, Tenn.. Feb. 13, 1863. 
Rural Hill, Tenn., Nov. 15, 1862. 
Rural Hill, Tenn., Dec. 20, 1862. 
Russellville, Tenn., Dec. 12, 1863. 
rtusseiivilie, Tenn., Dec. 2, 1864. 
Rutherford Creek, Tenn., Mar. 10, 1863. 
Rutlcdge, Tenn., Dec. 10, 1863. 
Rutledye, Tenn., Dec. 15, 1863. 
bailor's Creek, Va., Ap'l 6, 1865. 
Salisbury, N. C, Ap'l 12, 1865. 
baivisa, Kv., July 7, 1863. 
Salvisa. Ky., July 10, 1863. 
Salineville, Ohio, Julv 26, 1863. 
baikehatchie, S. C, Feb. 6, 1865. 
Saltville, Va., Nov. 20, 1864. 
Saltville, Va., Oct. 2, 1864. 
Saltville, Va., Dec. 20, 1864. 
Saltviile, Va., Dec. 21, 1864. 
Salem, Va., Ap'l 3, 1865. 
baluda Creek, S. C, Feb. 16, 1865. 
Sandy Mountain, Va., Oct. 3 and 4, 1864. 
Sandtown Road, Ga., Aug. 14, 1864. 
Savannali, Ga., Dec. 11 to 21, 1864. 
Savannah, Ga., near, Dec. 9, 1864. 
Savage Station, Va,, June 29, 1862. 
Selma, Ala., Ap'l 2, 1865. 
Sevierville, Tenn., Jan. 27, 1864. 
Sevierville, Tenn., Julv 5, 1864. 
Sevierville, Tenn., Sept. 18, 1864. 
Seven Miles Ford, Va., Dec. 19, 1864. 
Seweli's Point, Va., Mar. 5, 1862. 
Shepardbtown, Va., Aug. 25, 1864. 
ShelbyviUe, Tenn., June 27, 1863. 
Shelbyville Pike, Tenn., Dec. 15, 16, 1864. 
Shepardbtown Ford, Va., Sept. 19, 1862. 
Shepardstown Ford, Va., Sept. 20, 1862. 
Shiloh, Tenn., Ap'l 7, 1862. 
Shoal Creek, Tenn., Nov. 5, 1864. 
Singletons Plantation, S. C. Ap'l 19, 1865. 
Smithtown, Md., July 6, 1863. 
Smithfield, Va., Aug. 29, 1864. 
Smith Cross Roads, Tenn., Oct. 1, 1863. 
Smith Cross Roads. Teni:., Aug. 21. 1863. 
Smithfield Roads, N. C, Mar. 18, 1895. 
Snicker's Gap, Va., July 19, 1863. 
Snicker's Gap, Va., Nov. 4, 1862. 
Snicker's Gcip, Va., Nov. 14, 1862. 
Snow HUl, Tenn., Ap'l 4, 1863. 
Solemn Grove, N. C, Mar. 10, 1865. 
South Side R. R., Va., Ap'l 2, 1865. 
South Edisto, S. C, Feb. 9, 1865. 
South Mountain, Md., Sept. 14, 1862. 
Spart:i, Tenn., Dec. — , 1863. 
Spaugler's .Mills, iMiss., July 26, 1862. 
Spanish Fort, Ala., Ap 1, — , 1865. 
Sparta, Tenn., Aug. 9, 1863. 
Sperrv's Mills, Tenn., Aug. 17, 1863. 
Spottsylvania, Va., Mav 10, 11, and 12, 1864. 
Spottsylvauia, Va., Mav 18, 1864. 
Spring Hill, Teim., Feb. 29, 1863. 
Spring Hill, Teim., Nov. 2'J, 1864. 
Spring Hill, .«=. C, Ap'l 15, 1865. 
Samford, Kv., Oct. i4, 1862. 
Statnfoid, Ry., July 31, 1863. 
Statesville, Tenn., Ap'l 22, 1863. 



Aug. 14 to 17, 

Aug. 24, 1864. 

Nov. 23, 24, 1864. 
Sept. 4, 1864. 
Siege of, Ap'l 22 to May 14, 



Statesville, N. C, Ap'l 10, 1865. 
StatesviUe, N. C, Ap'l 14, 1865. 
Statesville, N. C, Ap'l 13, 1865. 
State Creek, Ky., Nov. 14, 1864. 
Stevensburg, Va., Nov. 19, 1863. 
Steubenville, O., July 26, 1863. 
Stevenson, Ala., Aug. 31, 1862. 
Stewart's Creek, Tenn., Dec. 29, 1862. 
Stilesboro, Ga., Oct. 11, 1864. 
Stone River, Tenn., Dec. 29, 30, 31, 1862 
Stone River, Tenn., Jan. 1, 2. 3, 1863. 
Stone Mountain, Ga., July 18, 1864. 
Stone Mountain, Ga., Sept. 13, 1864. 
Strasburg, Va., Mar. 27, 1862. 
Strawberry Plains, Tenn., Jan. 22, 1864. 
Strawberry Plains, Tenn 

18114. 
Strawberry Plains, Tenn., 
Strawberry Plains, Tenn., 
Summit, Va. 
Suffolk, Va., 

1863. 

Sugar Creek, Tenn., Dec. 26, 1864. 
Summervilie, Ga., Mar. 'Ao. 1865. 
Sumterville, S. C, Ap'l 8, 1865. 
Sunshine Church, Ga., July 31, 1864. 
Swananoa Gap, N. C, Ap 1 19. 1865. 
Sweetwater, Ga., Oct. 2. 1864. 
Sweetwater, Tenn., Oct. 26, 1863. 
Sweetwater, Tenn., Sept. Id. Ib64. 
Sweetwater, Ga., Julv 3, 1864. 
SwiCt Creek, S. C, Ap'l 17, 1865. 
Talladaga, Ala., Ap'l 23, 1865. 
Tebb's Bend, Ky., July 4, 1863. 
The Crater, Va., July 30, 1864. 
The Cedars, Va., May 2, 1863. 
Thoroughfare Gap, Va., May 21, 1863. 
Thompson's Station, Tenn., Mar. 5, 1863. 
Thompson's Station, Tenn., Mav 9, 1863. 
Thomson's Hill, Miss., May 1, 1863. 
Thorn HUl, Tenn., Sept. 10, 1864. 
Thurlev's Ford, Tenn., Dec. 15, 1863. 
Tickfaw River, La., Ap'l 12, 1863. 
Tiptonville, Mo., Mar. — , 1862. 
Todd's Tavern, Va., Mav 8, 1864. 
Tulopotomy, Va., May 30 to June 1, 1864. 
Toiopotomy, Va., May 30, 1864. 

Tazewell, Tenn., , 1862. 

Tazewell, Tenn , Jan. 21, 1864. 
Town Creek, Ala,, Ap'l — , 1863. 
Town Creek, N. C, Feb. 20, 1865. 
Trevillian Station, Va., June 11 and 12, 1864. 
Trenton Gap, Ga.. Mar. 22, 1865. 
Triune, Tenn., June 4, 1863. 
Tiion, Ala., Ap'l 2, 1865. 
Triplett Bri ige, Kv., June 15, 1863. 
Triplett Brid-e, Kv., June 19, 1864. 
Triplett Bridge, Kv., June 24, 1864. 
Tullahoma, Tenn.,' July 5, 1863. 
TuUahoina, Tenn., June 24, 1863. 
Tudifinnv, S, C, Dec. 7, 1864. 
Tunnell Hill, Ga., Jan. 26, 1864. 
Tunica Bavou, La.. N iv. 8, 1863. 
Tunnell Hill, Ga., .vlay 7, 8, 1864. 
Turkey Ridge. Ala., Oct. 26, 1864. 
Turner's Ferry, Ga.. Au«- 29. 1«64. 
Turkev Bend, Va., Jun.; 30, 1862. 



MICHIGAN IN THE WAR. 



1001 



Tuscaloosa, Ala., Ap'1 1, 1865. 
Unionville, Tenn., Mar. 4, 1863. 
Uuited States Ford, Va., Jan. 1, 1863. 
Utoy Creek, Ga., Aug. 4, 1864. 
Utoy Creek, Ga., Aug. 6, 1S64. 
Versailles, Tenu., June 10, 1863. 
Ticksburg, Miss., May 20, 1862. 
Ticksburg, Miss. Siege of, May 19 to July 

4, 1863. 
Tilla Rica, Ga., May 26, 1864. 
Wadesboro, N. C, Mar. 4, 1865. 
Walker's Ford, Tenn., Dec. 2, 1863. 
Waulahatchie, Tenn., Sept. 28 to Oct. 28, 

lh63. 
Wapping Heights, Va.. July 21, 1863. 
"Wapping Heights, Va., Julv 23, 1863. 
Wartrace, Tenn., Ap'l 29, i863. 
"Wartrace, Tenn., June 3, 1863. 
Ward s Farm, N. C, Ap'l 28, 1865. 

Watauga, Tenn., , 1862. 

Watauga, Tenn., Mar. 25, 1864. 
Watauga Bridge, Tenn., Oct. 1 and 2, 1864. 
Waynesboro, Ga., Nov. 28, 1864. 
Waynesboro, Ga., Dec. 4, 1864. 
Weems's Springs, Tenn., July 27, 1863. 
Weldon R. R., Va., June 22, 1861. 
Weldon R. R., Va., Aug. 19, 20, 21, 1864. 
We.'itern Virginia, Oct. 5, 1864. 
West Point, Va., Mav 7, 1862. 
AV(3Stmorplan(i, Va., May 23, 1863. 
White's Ford, Va., Sept. 21, 1863. 
White Pond, S. C, Feb. 9, 1865. 
White Horn, Tenn., Mar. 31, 1864. 



Whitesboro, Ala., June — , 1862. 
White Oak Swamp, Va., June 30, 1862. 
White Oak Swamp, Va., Aug. 16, 1864. 
White Oak Road, Va., Mar. 29, 1865. 
Wilderness, Va., May 5. 6, 7, 1864. 
Williamsport, Md., July 6, 1863. 
Wihiamsport, Md., July 12, 1863. 
Williamsport, Md., July 10, 1863. 
Willow Springs, Dakota Ter., Aug. 12, 1865. 
Wilson's Creek Road, Tenn., Dec. 11, 1«62. 
Wilson's Creek Road, Tenn., Dec. 21, 1862. 
Williams's Ford, Tenn., June 25, 1864. 
Williamsburg, Va., May 5, 1862. 
Wilmington Island, Ga., Ap'l 16, 1862. 
Wilmington, N. C, Feb. 21, 1865. 
Winchester, Va., Mar. 23, 1862. 
Winchester, Va., May 24, 1862. 
Winchester, Va., Aug. 11, 1864. 
Winchester, Va., Sept. 19, 1864. 
Winchester, Ky., July 25, 1863. 
Wmdsor, Va., May 22, 1863. 
Winsted Church, Tenn., Dec. 13, 1864. 
Wise's Forks, N. C, Mar. 8, 9, 10, 1865. 
Woodstock, Va., Oct. 9, 1864. 
Woodbury, Tenn., Jan. 22, 1863. 
Wvatt'sFord, Miss., Oct. 13, 1863. 
Wytheville. Va., Dec. 16, 1864. 
Yadkin River, N. C, Mar, 28, 1865. 
Yellow Tavern, Va., May 10, 11, 1864. 
Yorktown, Va., Siege of, Ap'l 4 to May 4, 
1862. 

Zollicoffer, Tenn., , 1862. 

Zollicoffer, Tenn., Sept. 25, 1862. 



ERRATA. 

On page 236, "Edwin T. Sherlock" should read "Edward T. Sherlock." 
The note on page 742, indicating the promotlcm of "Capt. James H. Barrett, " should 
refer to " Capt. Wallace W. Barrett," who was the officer promoted. 



126 



APPENDIX. 



The fact that Michigan as a Territory and as a State has rendered service 
in other wars, and that they have only in most cases been mentioned iti 
history in general terms, the compiler has been induced to make tlie effort 
to give a brief account thereof in detail, so far as he has been able to do 
so, from the very limited data obtainable. 



THE WAR OF 1812-13. 



In the war with Great Britain in 1812 and '13 Michigan Territory bore no 
inconsiderable part, and as it bordered largely on the Canadian frontier could 
scarcely do otherwise. Detroit being the principal inhabited place in the 
Territory, and a military post, then in command of Captain John Whistler, 
1st U. S. Infantry, the British troops naturally made it an objective point and 
also Fort Mackinac, likewise garrisoned by U. S. troops commanded by Lieut. 
Porter Hanks, U. S. Artillery. 

The advance of the British troops on these posts and their surrender are 
matters of familiar history, and it is not intended in this notice to give any 
detailed account of these events or the cause which brought them about, far- 
ther than to make brief mention of military facts connected with them for the 
purpose, so far as it is possible, of making a record of the officers who were 
prominent in that part of the war affecting the Territory of Michigan and of 
those who took part in the defense and surrender of the posts referred to. 

In 1805 President Jefferson appointed Colonel William Hull of Massachu- 
setts Governor of Michigan Territory, making his headquarters at Detroit, 
with Stanley Griswold of Connecticut as Secretary. 

The Governor having been an officer in the American Revolution at once 
saw the necessity for a military organization in the Territory, and without 
delay took measures to enroll the militia. His action in the matter is found 
in the following proceedings taken from an official record made in 1805, and 
under the dates as therein given. 

September 10.— The Governor, as commander-in-chief, directs the follow- 
ing organization : turn 

Ist. A regiment of infantry of eight companies from all parts of the Terri- 
tory except the District of Erie, to be known as the first regiment. (The Erie 
District embraced all south of Huron river, Monroe county.) 

2d A regiment in the Erie District to consist of seven companies of infantry 
and one of cavalry, the cavalry company to be by voluntary enrollment, and 
to consist of 32 rank and file. This regiment to be known as the second 

''irTLecxionary Corps, to be made up by voluntary enrollment from any 
nar of the Territory except the Erie District, and to consist of one company 
•of Ival y, one company of artillery, one company of light infantry and one 
company ^f riflemen, the corps to be commanded by one Lieutenant Colonel, 
commandant, and one Major. noo5) 



1006 APPENDIX. 

APPOINTMENTS. 

October 1. — James May, of Detroit, Adjutant General, with rank of Colonel ; 
Mattiiew Ernest, of Detroit, Quartermaster General, witii rank of Colonel ; 
Francois Chabert de Joncaire, of Detroit, first Aid-de-Catnp to the Com- 
mander-in-Chief, with the rank of Colonel; George MacDougall, second Aid- 
de-Camp to the Commander-in-Chief, with the rank of Lieutenant Colonel ; 
Solomon Sibley, third Aid-de-Camp to the Couimander-iu-Chief, with the 
rank of Lieutenant Colonel. 

FIRST REGIMENT. 

Augustus B. Woodward, of Detroit, Colonel; Antoine Beaubien, Lieutenant 
Colonel; Gabriel Godfroy, Major; William MacCoskry, Surgeon; Rev. Ga- 
briel Richard, Chaplain; Christopher Tuttle, Adjutant; Charles Stewart, 
Quartermaster. Captains: Jacob Visger, David Duncan, George Cottiell, 
Louis Campau, James Henry, Louis St. Bernard, Jose[)h Cerre dit St. Jean, 
Joseph Campau, Jean Cissne. Lieutenants: Samuel Abbott, John Meldrum, 
Whitmore Knaggs, Jean Marie Beaubien, Christian Clemens, James Campau, 
Thomas Tremble, Francois Chovin, Joseph Wilkinson. Ensigns: Allen C. 
Wilmot, George Cottrell, Jean Baptiste Cicott, James Connor, John Dix, 
Francois Rivard, Francois Tremble, John Ruland, John Burnett. 

SECOND REGIMENT. 

John Anderson, of Erie District, Colonel; Francois Navarre, Lieutenant 
Colonel; Lewis Bond, Major; Ethan Baldwin, Surgeon; Bernard Parker, 
Surgeon's Mate; Giles Barnes, Adjutant; Alexander Ewings, Quartei-master. 

October 4. — Captains : Joseph Jobin, Jean Baptiste Beaugrand, Francois 
Lasselle, Hubert LaCroix, Jean Baptiste Jereaume, Joseph Menare, William 
Griffith, Prosper Thibeau. Lieutenants: Hyacinth La Joy, Francois de 
Torgue, Jean Baptiste La Salle, Jaques Martin, Jean Baptiste Couture, Ja- 
ques W. Navarre, Thomas Knaggs, Andrew Jourdon. Ensigns: Samuel 
Moore, Joseph Cavalier, James Knaggs, Alexis Loranger, Joseph Bourdeaux, 
Isidore Navarre, Joseph Huntington, Dominique Drouillard. 

LEGIONARY CORPS. 

October 1. — Elijah Brush, Lieutenant Colonel and commandant; James 
Abbott, Major; John Brown, Surgeon; Abraham Fuller Hull, Adjutant; 
Charles Curry, Quartermaster. 

Cavalry: James Lasselle, Captain; Richard Smyth, Lieutenant; Gabriel 
Godfroy, Jr., Cornet. 

Aitillery: John Williams, Captain; James Dodemeade, 1st Lieutenant; 
Henry I. Hunt, xJd Lieutenant. 

Light Infantry: George Hoffman, Captain; Benjamin Chittenden, Lieu- 
tenant; George Meldrum, Ensign. 

Riflemen : William MacDowell Scott, Captain ; Barnabas Campau, Lieu- 
icnant; Pierre Navarre, Ensign. 

October 5. — The militia of the District of Michillimackinac is detached from 
the First Regiment. It will consist of two companies, and be commanded by 
one Jjieutenant Colonel, commandant. 

Captain David Duncan promoted to be Lieutenant Colonel of the corps of 
the said district. Lieutenant Samuel Abbott promoted to be Captain of the 
first company, Germaine Pothier commissioned Captain of the second com- 



APPENDIX. 1007 

pany, Ensign Allen C. Wiltnot promoted to be Lieutenant of the first com- 
pany, and Michael Dousman commissioned Lieutenant of the second company 
Daniel Dalye and Patrick McGulpin commissioned Ensians. * 

t>eptember 2P.— Lieutenant Christopher Tuttle, Adjutant First Regiment, 
promoted to be Captain in First Regiment in place of James Henry, declined! 

Lieutenant Benjamin Chittenden, of the Light Infantry, transferred to 
First Regiment in place of Joseph Wilkinson, declined. 

October 5.— The First Regiment being too extensive for one Adjutant, the 
Commander-in-Chief has promoted Ensign Jean Baptiste Cicott to be Lieu-* 
tenant and Second Adjutant of the said regiment. 

October 4.— Israel Ruland appointed Major of the Second Regiment in place 
of Lewis Bond, declined. 

The following additional appointments were made in the First Regiment: 
Captains, James Anderson, Henry MacVay; Lieutenants, John Ruland, 
Charles M. Campau; Ensigns, Jacob Aeiler, James F. Griswold. 

October 9. — The militia of the River St. Clair are detached from the First 
Regiment. They will form four companies, which will constitute one bat- 
talion, to be commanded by one Lieutenant Colonel and one Major. 

The Fust Regiment and the Legionary Corps will form one brigade, which 
will rank as the First Brigade. 

The Second Regiment, the Battalion of the River St. Clair, and Lieutenant 
Colonel Duncan's Corps will form one brigade, which will rank as the Second 
Brigade. 

The First and Second Brigades are hereby formed into one Division. 

Captain George Cottiell, of the District of Huron,* promoted to be Lieu- 
tenant Colonel of the Battalion of the River St. Clair. 

Captain Louis Campau, of the District of Huron, promoted to be Major of 
the Battalion of the River St. Clair. 

Conrad Seek, of the District of Detroit, appointed a Lieutenant in the 
First Regiment. 

Peter E. Visger appointed Ensign in the First Regiment in place of Jean 
Baptiste Cicott, promoted. 

This seems to have completed the organization in the territory. There 
•may have been many changes in the Military Department, but nothing of 
record is found until the publication of the following order: 

ADJUTANT GENERAL'S OFFICE 
Headquaetebs at Detroit, 
<TENERAii Orders. April 22, ISll 

The Conmiander-in- Chief has thought proper to establish the followhig limits to the 
four companies of raillLia composing the battalion on tlie Rivers Huron (now Clinton 
Eiver) and St. Clair, viz: 

I. On the River St. Clair, the company commanded by Captain Francis Bonhoinme. to 
commence at the lower end of Lake Huron and descend on the River St. Clair to the 
mouth of Belle River. 

Lieutenant George Minie and Ensign Jean B. Racine are attached to this company. 

II. The company lately commanded by Captain George CoLtrell, Jr., to commence at 
the mouth of Belle River and extend to the mouth of River St. Clair, inchnling the most 
eouthern and western inhabitants in that vicinity. 

III. On the River Huron, the company formerly commanded by Lieutenant Colonel 
Clemens to comprehend Uie farm on which he now resides, and running up tlio River 
Huron, including all the inhabitants on boih sides of said river and those on Lance Creuse 
to La Riviere an Guignolet, is hereby transf«'ned to Captain Henry Conner. Lieutenant 
Jacques Louison and Ensiirn John Tucker are hereby attached to the company. 

* Tlie (;uiiioii Ki\ er, Mucoiiib coiiniy, was tlien called the Huron, hence the designation at that 
time of the District of Huron. 



1 



1U08 iLPPENDIX. 

The company formerly oommacded by Captain James Conner to commence on the east 
side of Lieutenant Colonel Clemens's farm, and to extend down the River Huron to the 
mouth thereof, including the inhabitants on both sides of said river, and those on the lake 
between River Huron and Swan River. • 

The following promotions and appointments of officers are made in the battalion of 
militia on the Rivers Huron and St. Clair. 
Elisha Harrington to be Adjutant of said battalion, vice Robert McNiflf, resigned. 
Pierre Minie to be Captain of the company lately oommanded by Captain George Oot- 
trell, Junior, vice Cottrell, resign'^d. 

Samuel Gravel to be Lieutenant of said company, vice Pierre Minie, promoted, and 
*Henry Cottrell to be Ensign, vice Robert McNiff, resigned. 

William Tucker to be Captain of the company lately commanded by Captain James 
Conner, vice Christian Clemens, promoted. 

Francois St. Aubin to be Lieutenant, vice "William Tucker, promoted, and Ignace 
Horace to be Ensign, vice Francois St. Aubin, promoted. 
These officers are to be obeyed and respected aocordingly. 
By order of the Commander-in-Chief. 

GEO. MoDOUGALL, 

Adjutant General T. M. 

On the 5th of December following an inspection report was made by Henry 
J. Hunt, Lieutenant Colonel and second Aid de Camp to the Commander-in- 
Chief of the Kivers Huron (now the Clinton Kiver) and St. Clair, battalion 
of four companies then commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Christian Clemens, 
one of the Huron companies being commanded by Captain Conner, with Lieu- 
tenants Jean Baptiste Marsac, Sr., Jean Baptiste Marsao, Jr. ; Francis A. 
Tremble and Etienne Socia, Ensigns. The other, commanded by Captain 
William Tucker, with Lieutenant Jacques Louison and Lieutenant Francoia 
St. Aubin, and Ensigns Ignace Horace and J. Tucker. The two St. Clair 
companies were then commanded respectively by Captains Pierre Minie and 
Francis Bonhomme. 

War with England had for some time been anticipated; meanwhile, Gov- 
ernor Meigs, of Ohio, under instructions of the general government had, with 
great alacrity, gathered together and disciplined a portion of the militia of 
that State, eonsisting of three Kcgimeuts. The 1st from the Sciota Valley, 
commanded bv Colonel Duncan McAithur; the 2nd from Cincinnati, com- 
manded by Colonel James Fn dlay; and the 3d from the Muskingum Valley, 
commanded by Colonel Lewis Cass. The other field officers were Majors 
James Denney and William A. Trimble, of the 1st; Thomas Moore and 
Thomas B. Van Home, of the 5ind ; and of the 3d, Robert Morrison and J. 
E. Munson. On May 25th the Governor placed these regiments under the 
command of General Hull, who had been appointed a Brigadier General in 
the U. S. Army on April 8th, when a movement commenced up the Miami 
Valley. 

This force numbered about 1,200 infantry, with considerable cavalry. 
Findlay's regiment joined those of McArthur and Cass at Urhana, while 
Lieutenant Colonel James Miller, witli the 4th U. S. Infantry, which had been 
in the engagement at Tippecanoe, also joined the command at the same place. 

On the 18th of June following the expected declaration of war was made by 
Congress. On the 24:th Hull received a dispatch from the War Department 
directing him to hasten with his troops to Detroit, and there await further 
orders. On the 30th, after a tedious and fatiguing march, much of it over 
unbroken roads, cut tlirough woods and swamps, Hull, with his army, reached 
the rapids of the Maumee, a few miles above, wh«re the city of Toledo now 
is. On July Ist he sent forward by a vessel for Detroit some of his invalids, 
with all his baggage, entrenching tools, hospital stores, and a trunk contain- 



APPENDIX. 1000 

ing all his instructions and military papers, includinor nmst-er rolls of his whole 
army. A smaller vessel was sent up at the same time. The larger one took 
the main channel of the Detroit River, between Maiden and Bois Blanc 
Island, and was there captured. The other followed the American channel 
west of Grosse Isle and reached Detroit without interruption. When near the 
Eiver Raisin a dispatch reached him on July 2ud, informing hiui of the decla- 
ration of war. 

Pushing on with all haste to Detroit, reaching there ou the evening of the 
3d, where he rested his weary troops and awaited orders, as directed in his 
instructions. In the meantime the British authorities in Canada had received 
earlier intelligence of the declaration of war, and acting accordingly had con- 
centrated a force at Maiden, and were constructing works at that point and 
Sandwich, some of their troops taking position on. the road at the bridge, on 
the Canard River, five miles above Maiden. 

On arriving at Detroit Hull's army became impatient for action, clamoring 
to be led into Canada to drive off the "Fort Builders" and attack Maiden. 
On Julv 9th Hull received orders giving him full authority to commence offen- 
sive operations, and on the evening of the llth, with about 1,600 men, includ- 
ing a battery of six pounders, in command of Captain Samuel Dyson, U. S. A., 
moved in boats across the river to Sandwich, the enemy abandoning their 
position at that point and falling back on Maiden. Hull there issued an 
address to the people, but made no further demonstrations individually, which 
to some extent resulted in placing him in an unfavorable light with his officers. 

In the meantime Colonels McArthur and Cass, with others, made several 
reconuoissances in force without opposition, which fully demonstrated the 
weak condition of the military force in that part of Canada. McArthur push- 
ing up the Thames as far as the Moravian towns above Chatham, entered upon 
a foraging expedition and returned with considerable supplies, while Captain 
Joseph Watson, of the Michigan militia, atone time Secretary to tlie Governor 
and Judges of the Territory, and Register of Detroit, with a small cavalry 
force raided into Canada as far as Westminster. Cass moved down toward 
the Canard river with a detachment of 50 regulars and 250 volunteers in com- 
niand of Colonel Miller, and on coming near the bridge across that stream 
discovered that it was defended with cannon by a force of British troops, 
which he attacked and drove from their position, falling back on their works 
at Maiden, when darkness set in, rendering pursiuit impracticable at that lime. 
A refusal of Hull to follow up this advantage chagrined Cass so much that he 
became very much enraged and did not fail to criticise unfavorably his com- 
mander in the most severe terms. 

Hull's action on that occasion was made one of the charges of which he was 
found guilty by the court martial before which he was finally tried. It was 
fully established by competent authorities that had the advance on Maiden 
been followed up at that time its capture would have been easily accomplished, 
as the garrison were at the time actually preparing to evacuate the place, in 
expectation of an attack which they had not sufficient force to resist. The 
possession of that point was, in the estimation of the officers then with Hull 
of the utmost importance, as it would have given the Americans command of 
the Detroit river and its approaches, and wiiii their batteries could have pre- 
vented the enemy's vessels from entering or navigating the stream, and most 
likely would have broken up the Indian headquarters, which m all probability 
would have deterred the Indians along the American side of tlie river from 
127 



1010 APPENDIX. 

going over to that point and taking side with the British, which they did not 
in any force until the early part of August, and then, it is said, reluctantly, 
if not under compulsion. 

The news of the war reached the British post at the island of St. Joseph's, 
in St. Mary's river, about the middle of July, wliich was garrisoned by a 
company of regulars numbering 46 officers and men in command of Captain 
Chas. Roberts. On the 16th of July this force embarked for Mackinac on 
board the armed brig Caledonia, with 250 agents and employes of the North- 
west Company and traders, together with 500 Indians. The white Canadians 
were led by John Johnston, Crawford, Pothier, Ermatinger, La Croix, Rolette, 
Franks, Livingston, and others, all traders. They were joined on the passage 
by from 80 to 100, and on their arrival at Mackinac about 70 allies were added 
to the force. 

The garrison of Mackinac consisted of 57 officers and men, commanded by 
Lieutenant Porter Hanks of the regular army. Tlie British landed in the 
night on the beach at what has been known ever since as tlie " British Land- 
ing," winch is on the side of the island reaching farthest from the fort. 
Hanks, on the 16th, having heard a rumor of expected trouble with the 
Lidians on St. Joseph's Island, arranged with Captain Michael Doustnan of 
the militia, a resident of Mackinac, to watch the movements of the Indians 
at that island. Dousman started out by water on this duty, embarking on the 
evening of the night on which the British landed, and was captured when only 
about fifteen miles out by the approaching force, and was compelled to give 
his parole with the promise to assemble the people of Mackinac on the west 
side of the island, to put them under the protection of the British guard, and 
to warn them against going to the fort, and at the same time to inform them 
that if any resistance was made by the garrison there would be an indiscrimi- 
nate massacre of the whole population. He also agreed not to inform the 
commander of anything occurring. He succeeded in collecting the people, 
but did not in keeping secret the movements of the enemy, as Hanks had been 
informed through another source, and at once prepared for defense. In the 
meantime the British had taken possession of Fort Holmes, an elevated and 
very strong point which with artillery would completely command the whole 
island and approaches, rendering the fort in which the troops were utterly 
indefensible and resistance useless. 

Hanks was completely surprised, the appearance of the British force being 
the Grst notice he had* received that war was going on. Seeing at once that 
his position was untenable, and ascertaniing the overwhelming force against 
him, he concluded to surrender, but did not do so until honorable terms liad 
been obtained, coupled with the unanimous opinion of both garrison and peo- 
ple that it was the only course left for him to pursue, and in accordance with 
the terms of capitulation the prisoners marched out of the fort with the usual 
honors of war and were paroled. 

Lieutenant Hank's, with his officers, reached Detroit on the 29th of July. 
His re|)ort to Hull of the results at Mackinac, which he heard for the first 
time, seemed to disturb him and gave him apparent alarm, as on that day he 
calle<l for reinforcements. 

Colonel Proctor, of the British Army, reached Maiden a day or two before 
Haiiks's arrival at Detroit, coming by way of Lake Erie, but bringing no 
additional force with him, yet the news I'rom Mackinac strengthened the 
cause of the enemy, and as a result the Bniwustown Indians under Walk-in- 
the-Water were induced to submit or adhere to tlie British. 



APPENDIX, 



1011 



Sometime after the movement of the Ohio troops ou Detroit, two coinpa- 
Tiies of volunteers were organized in that State, one at Chillicothe, under 
Captain Henry Brush, with 69 officers and men, the other officers being Wil- 
liam Beach, Lieutenant, and John Stockton, Ensign. The other company 
was raised at Sandusky by Captain Thomas Rowland ; this company joined 
Captain Brush, on the Maumee, August 1st, when a battalion was formed 
with Brush as commander. This command, with supplies for Hull's army, 
arrived at the Raisin on the 9th, where Brush ascertained that a British force 
•was posted at Brownstown, cutting off all communication with Detroit, and 
having learned that this force was largely superior in point of numbers he 
concluded to await further developments. 

Hull having received information that Brush was on his way from Ohio to 
Detroit with supplies, on August 4th detached Major Van Home, with about 
150 riflemen of Findlay's regiment, with some militiamen men to meet him 
and act as an escort and guard. Meantime information having reached 
Proctor of the movement he sent across the river a force of soldiers and about 
300 Indians, intercepting him near Monguagon, where Van Horn made a 
spirited and gallant attack, but was repulsed and defeated, being compelled to 
return to Detroit, reaching there on the evening of the 5th, having lost in the 
affair 18 killed, 13 wounded, and about 70 missing, most of whom returned 
to camp. The only officers mentioned as being with him in this engagement, 
although there must have been others, are Caiitains Gilchrist, Rostan Lewis, 
Bostler (wounded), Lucar and McCullock (killed). 

The Monguagon affair was also made a charge against Hull, of whicli he 
was found guilty, for failing to keep his communications open, in sendnig out 
Van Home with insufficient force. . 

The answer of Hull to the urgent demands of his officers for an mimed late 
attack on Maiden, was what he considered the deficient condition of his 
artillery a difficulty which finally seems to have been overcome, for on the bth 
of August he ordered an advance on Maiden, and on the 7th everything was 
in readiness, but information having been received from Generals Porter and 
Hall, then on the Niagara frontier, that a British force had moved westward 
from that quarter, Hull, in face of the remonstrances of his officers, ordered 
his army to the American side of the river, which was accomplished after dark 
on the 8th, leaving only a small detachment of about 150 or ^00 men in a 
stockade on the bank of the river, where they remained only two or three 

^Tn August 5th, Colonel John Anderson, commanding the Second Michigan 
Redrnent^t the Raisin, notified Hull ^^f. the Indi.uis were swarmm^^ 
the west towards Maiden, and requested him in behalt of the people of that 
ection of country not to order any of the troops from fhere as hey were too 
few for defense, and if it was possible to be aided, would be the best. 

On Augiist9th the military post of Fort Dearborn, ^^'^Y' ^l^^,^^.^^;^^'^ -;; 
ordered abandoned, and the garrison of regulars m ^^^1^^^^^^^^'^;^^'^^ 
Hpald IstU S Infantry, directed to proceed overland to Detioit Chicago 
^en. at the time surrounded by Indians. The movement was made in the 
Sceof ties 10, gest appeal of the citizens for protection, and against their 
unLd and repeated protests, all of which Heald ^^^f^^^;;^ '-. ^^ - 
of obedience to the orders of his superior office ^u 'd not ^o^^^o sev 
eraldavs increasing thereby the danger. On the loih at 9 o clock in tne 
morni/g; the garrison marched from Fort Dearborn, and m great pomp, with 



1012 APPi!/i^DIX. 

drums beating. When only about a mile and a half on the way they were 
fired on by the Indians from behind a line of sand hills, and after a bloody 
fight, in which 38 out of 66 soldiers were killed, together with two women and 
12 children, the remainder surrendered and were spared, but held as prisoners 
of war under very harsh treatment. 

Colonel Miller, with a detachment of 600 officers and men, composed of 380 
regulars, the rest Ohio volunteers, was ordered on the evening of August 8th 
to make another effort to reach Captain Brush, who was still at the Raisin. 
He at once commenced the movement from Detroit and first encountered 
opposition from a party of Indians who fired on his rear guard near Mongua- 
gon. The detachment being in the woods, immediately lightened themselves 
by throwing off their knapsacks and haversacks containing their rations and 
gallantly advanced upon the Indians, who retreated and were pursued about 
two miles and a half, where they reached their main force, estimated at equal 
in numbers to that of the Americans, and after a spirited and severe fight they 
were defeated. Miller's loss being 17 killed and wounded, while that of the 
enemy was 30 whites and 104 Indians killed and wounded. 

This engagement, the principal one connected with the surrender of Detroit, 
is designated in the records of the War Department as the battle of Browns- 
town. Miller says of his command : "Prom their conduct on that occasion I 
never saw better troops of the description." 

Miller sent a spy into Brownstown and understood from Captain Maxwell 
that the enemy had disappeared. He then returned to the battle field to col- 
lect his dead and wounded and encamped there for the night. Next day 
Miller got the wounded into boats, and thinking that the communication with 
Brush on the Raisin had been opened, and failing to get sufficient supplies of 
provisions for his men, although he had sent Captain Snelling to Hull for that 
purpose, he took up his line of march on the 11th for Detroit, reaching there 
next day. 

General Brock, the British commander, on the 12th or 13th of August 
arrived at Maiden with 40 regulars and 260 militia. Previous to this the 
Americans had abandoned their out-post at Sandwich and the British had 
begun the construction of batteries opposite Detroit and in the same place 
where the others had been built on tlie 5tli of July previous, just before Hull's 
arrival, and which had been broken up by Lieutenant Dalliba of the Ordinance 
Department, under the orders of Major John Whistler, 1st U. S. Infantry, 
then in command at Detroit. On the evening of August 14th Dalliba dis- 
covered the new batteries. He was at the time in command of a battery called 
Berthlet's Wharf, at the foot of Randolph street, but as the guns were on a 
platform on the edge of the river and intended to operate against the enemy's 
ships only, they were without any parapet and much lower than those of the 
enemy, and would be useless against them. He therefore applied to Hull and 
obtained permission to build a battery in the center of the town near about 
where the corner of Wayne street and Jefferson avenue now is, and then almost 
on the river bank, with a rapid descent thereto. This battery was commenced 
about 1 o'clock on the 14th and completed so as to be ready for action at the 
same hour on the loth. On the evening of the 14th Hull rode up to the bat- 
tery then in process of construction, when Dalliba questioned him as to the 
propriety of driving the enemy from their works, and said: "Sir, if you will 
give me permission I will clear the enemy on the opposite shore from the 
lower batteries." The General answered: "Mr. Dalliba, I will make an 



\ 



APPENDIX. 1013 

agreement with the enemy that if they will never fire on me I will never fire 
on them. Those who live in glass houses must take care how they throw 
stones," and then rode off. 

On the same day (14th) Hull ordered Colonel Cass with a detachment of 
about 350 men of the Ohio regiments under Colonel McArthur to open com- 
munication with the River Raisin by an inland route, since called the Tecum- 
seh trail, which doubled the distance from Detroit, but was considered more 
safe at the time than the shorter one by the river road, and which strikes the 
Raisin higher up at what was known as Godfrey's trading post. This expedi- 
tion was intended to relieve Captain Brush's command ordered on the 14th to 
move to that point. The march was continued until towards evening of the 
15th, and until their subsistence, which was short on the start, was exhausted, 
when the project was abandoned, and when about half a mile on the return an 
order was received from Hull to move back on Detroit. Marching all night 
and on the morning of the lOth, when within a mile and a half of that place 
they heard the firing of cannon and learned that Hull had surrendered. The 
detachment then fell back to an advantageous position on the River Rouge 
with the intention of making a defense if attacked. The intelligence of the 
surrender was soon confirmed by deserters from the fort. A council of officers 
being held, it was considered that a large portion of the command could make 
good a retreat into Ohio. In the meantime Captain Mansfield was dispatched 
with a flag of truce to the Britisli commander to inform him that if the sur- 
render was unconditional they were prepared to defend themselves ; but if 
there was a condition in the capitulation that the detachment might return to 
the United States they would avail themselves of that condition. About an 
hour after Captain Mansfield's departure a flag was sent out by General Brock 
with a letter from Hull stating that the detachment was included in the capit- 
ulation, and requiring its return, and on further receiving a statement from 
Captain Mansfield on his return that the detachment had been so included, it 
returned to Detroit and surrendered. 

On the morning of the 15th Brock opened his battery, which was followed 
by a flag of truce, received by Captains Charles Puller and Josiah Snelling, 
4th U. S. Infantry, with the demand for surrender, coupled with the threat 
that if not complied with he could not control the Indians then under his 
command. This demand was delivered about ten o'clock by Lieutenant 
Colonel J. McDouell and Major J. B. Glegg, who were blindfolded and con- 
ducted to the quarters of Major Henry J. Hunt to remain there for HuU'i 
reply, which they did not receive until nearly 3 o'clock, when it was handed 
to them, stating that the General was prepared to meet Brock's force and any 
consequences from its use. ,. ^ , ,, ., 

The British guns opened about three o'clock and immediately after the 
return of the flag of truce with Hull's reply. The fire was at once answered 
with vicTor by the battery in command of Dalliba, as well as by others, and 
continued with good effect until about 10 o'clock at night. The cannonade 
was understood to be the prelude to a crossing of the river and a close attack 

upon the fort. . . , ,, • - j 

This State of affairs led the Americans to an inspection of their force and a 
consideration as to its most favorable disposition to continue the defense. 
Consequently, in the afternoon of the 15th Lieutenant Thus. b. Jessup of the 
U S Infantry, acting Brigade Major, had made this his duty. Colonel Brush 
was assi<^ned to command the Michigan militia, stationed at the east end of 



1014 APPENDIX. 

town, bordering on what was known as his farm. Colonel Findlay's Oliio 
regiment and the Michigan Legionary Corps of four companies under Major 
James Witherell, made up of experienced soldiers, were to take a position 
back of the town, where the remainder of McArthur's and Cass's regiments 
was also stationed, while the 4th regulars occupied the fort. A change in 
these dispositions was made during the night, Findlay's regiment being moved 
farther west, occupying a line of picket fences along the river road, where he 
covered the approaches to the town. 

In the evening of the 15th movements of the enemy indicated a crossing at 
Springwells by the collecting of boats and bringing up of Britisli vessels. 
Captain Snelling, with a few men and a field piece, had been sent down to the 
sand hill, nearly opposite Sandwich, to reconnoitre and to watch the crossing, 
with orders to return and report before dayliglit. On his return it was urged 
by him and Major James Taylor, Hull's Quartermaster General, and also by 
Brigade Major Jessup, that the vessels could be driven off by placing one or 
two 24-poundeis on the high ground so as to command the crossing; but Hull 
refused on various pretexts. (This was made one of the charges against him- 
on his trial.) Finally Jessup and Snelling proposed and begged to be allowed 
to cross the river and spike the guns, but witli a like result. The enemy 
made no attempt to cross during the night nor until next morning about 7 
o'clock (16tb). The American troops were then all well posted near the town, 
with guns in position commanding the approaclies, with a battery in command 
of Lieutenant John Anderson, U. S. Artillery, directly covering the road and 
ravine where the enemy would have to cross the Savoyard on a narrow bridge. 
The British commenced the movement across the river in boats protected by 
two of their armed vessels, and without the least opposition effected a landing 
at Springwells above the present Fort Wayne, near where the co|)per works 
now are, and moved on Detroit in close column of platoons, tlie road being 
left o[)en to them without the least obstruction or resistance made to their 
advance, although opportunity offered in several ways. The road which they 
had to travel, being only about three miles long, was enclosed most of the way 
by close picket fences, or lined with orchards, affording excellent cover for 
sharp-shooters to annoy and harrass them, while at the same time there were 
several bridges along the road the destruction of which would have made their 
advance somewhat ditScult; but these opportunities were allowed to pass with- 
out notice or advantage. 

The British batteries on the opposite side of the river had opened fire on the 
fort in the morning (16th) and were replied to by the American batteries. 
During this tire Lieutenants Hanks and Sibley, Dr. Reynolds, and two pri- 
vates were killed and Dr. Blood wounded by shot entering the fort. The 
force outside in the meantime had not been allowed to resist tlie enemy, only 
about 750 strong, advancing up the road to attack the fort, but on the con- 
trary Fnnllay's regiment iiad been ordered to move inside the fort, already 
overcrowded ; but before this was accomplished, and tlie enemy being withm 
a mile, which, coupled with the result of the fire on the fort referred to, ap- 
peared to so bewilder and terrify Hull that immediaiely he raised a white fliig, 
and without any consultation with liis principal otiicers sent his son, Captain 
A. F. Hull, his Aid-de-Camp, to Canada, bearing a flag of truce to Brock, 
announcinii iiis willingness to surrender. 

When Findlay with his regiment reiiched the fort he halted it outside and 
with Major Snelling found Hull inside. Much dissatisfied and indignunt. 



APPENDIX. 



1015 



and at the same time much excited, he abiuptly said to his commanding offi- 
cer, " What in hell am I ordered here for?" Hull replied in a low, tretnl.Iing 
voice, that, in view of the number killed in the fort a surrender would be best, 
that he could procure better terms from General Brock at that time than if 
he waited a storm. Colonel Findlay, still much excited, re[)lied, "Terms! 
damnation ! we can beat them on the plain. I did not come here to capitu- 
late. I came to fight." 

The proposition of Hull was drawn in such an irregular way as to omit the 
ordinary request for honorable terms or the usual honors of war, and under the 
articles of capitulation, although not positively stated therein, his troops were to 
all intents and purposes unconditionally surrendered as prisoners of war with- 
out even a promise of parole or formal release, and at 12 o'clock, noon (16th), 
were marched out by the east gate where they stacked arms and became sub- 
ject to the articles of capitulation. The British army then took possession and 
assumed control of the fort and Territory, and the people came under the 
dominion of martial law. r> i nr • 

The officers who signed the articles of capitulation were Isivac Brock, Major 
General, Lieutenant Colonel J. McDonell, and Major J. B. Glegiz. British; 
Wm Hull, Brigadier General, Lieutenant Colonel James Miller, U. S. A., 
Colonel Elijah Brush, and Lieutenant Colonel Robert Nichol, Michigan Militia. 
In a supplementary article of the same date (16th) it was agreed that the 
officers and soldiers of the Ohio troops should be permitted to proceed to their 
respective homes on parole on condition that they should not serve during the 
war unless exchanged. These terms were by an additional article extended to 
the Micliigan troops under command of Major Witherell. 

The reoular troops were held as prisoners of war and sent to Montreal, while 
those of Michigan were paroled at Detroit and those of Ohio were also paroled 
there and sent^oii vessels to Cleveland, from whence they made tneir way to 

^^Xt the Time of the surrender Captain Brush's command was still in camp 
near Godfrey's trading post, up on the Kaisin, where on the l?th of August 
Captain Elliott of the British army made his appearance and claimed their 
surrender; but; Brush considered that his command was not included in the 
capitulatimi, therefore declining to accede to his demand he marched his 
troops back to Ohio without giving parole. . 

iTthe meantime Major Witherell had been taken down the lake as a prison r 
of war and only submitted to parole at Kingston. Genera Hull was taken to 
Montreal arriviuff there on the 6th of September, where he was otfered a id 
accepted hfspaioTe on the 16th of that month, and allowed to proceed to his 

^Tharges were afterwards preferred against Hull of treason cowardice, neg- 
lect of duty and unofficerlike conduct. On his trial betore the court-inartia 
t^e chame 0? treason was withdrawn, but he was found guilty of suffic.en 
SLrch^esandspecificaticn..™^^^ 

^:;;^i:^;t;rr:-i:^:rir r^'^^^ of .resident MadLn, w.. 

approved of ^^ ^^^^^^.^^^'^'^'X^Tseerus that with the exception 

From the V^'^^'^^fJ'l^'^^^^^^^^^^ fuithlul in their service to their 

of their commander the ^'^f;';/ V^^Xortunity was offered them, whde many 

rS^offiStr;i;^::^^^^o;;;:Lr: distinguished then.se.ves by 



10 lb APPENDIX. 

bravery and gallant deeds, being specially mentioned at the time. For gallant 
conduct at the battle of Browiistovvii, Lieutetumt Colonel Miller received the 
brevet of Colonel; Captains Snelliug, Baker, and Larrabee that of Major. 

The Michigan troops compared favorably with all the others and received 
noticeable commendation, while one of their Captains, Antoine Deqnindre, as 
late as 1845, was extended a vote of thanks by the Michigan Legislature for 
his gallantry at Monguagon, including his men and all the other Michigan 
troops. 

It appears from the evidence given on the trial of Hull by Captain Dalliba, 
who had charge of the ordnance, that the armament of the fort was well sup- 
plied, having abundance of ammunition and the following cannon, viz. : 
9 24-pounders, 8 12-pounders, 5 9-pounders, — brass guns mounted on traveling 
carriages, — 3 6-pounders, 2 4-pounders, 1 3-pounder, — brass howitzers mounted 
on traveling carriages, — 1 Sg-inch, 1 5^-inch, 2 8|-iuch, and 3 6-inch on iron 
or truck wheel carriages in the block house at the upper end of the town. 
That there were 2, 5U0 stand of small arms in the whole, including rifles for 
the army. It also appears from the evidence of this otlicer that the fort was 
well constructed for defense, in good repair, and sufficiently armed. 

In the fort or immediate vicinity at the time of the surrender were the 4th 
XT. S. Infantry, Lieutenant Colonel James Miller commanding; detachments 
1st and 3d U. S. Infantry; Captain Samuel T. Dyson's company U. S. Artil- 
lerists; Legionary Corps of four companies, composed of cavalry, infantry, 
riflemen, and artillery, in command of Major James Witherell; first regiment 
Michigan militia, commanded by Colonel Elijali Brush ; second Ohio regiment, 
in command of Colonel Findiay, and portions of the other two Ohio regiments, 
commanded by Captain Saudt-rson, Cass and McArthur being on their retuiu 
from the attempted expedition to Godfrey's trading post on the Raisin witli 
the other portions of these regiments. 

Colonel Anderson, with the second Michigan regiment, was still on the 
lower Raisin and vicinity. 

Complete records of the officers who were engaged in the defense of Detroit 
and the Territory are not to be found, especially relating to the Michigan troops, 
and the inference is from documents subsequently placed in the office of the 
Secretary of State, and now there, being a proclammation by William Wood- 
bridge, Secretary of the Territory under Cass, and Acting Governor at the 
time, setting forth that owing to the convulsions of the war very many of the 
records of the Territory had been lost or destroyed, it became necessary to 
recall all commissions, both civil and military, in order to ascertain who held 
official positions. This proclamation does not seem to have brought about the 
desired result, as only a very few military commissions seem to have been 
returned. 

On account of these defects it is not expected that all the officers who took 
part in the defense of the Territory can be named, but so far as they are of 
record they are given, and it is presumed that at least those who were most 
prominent and held commands are mentioned. 

REGULAR ARMY. 

Brigadier General William Hull, commanding; Captain A. F. Hull, Aid- 
de-Camp; Captain James Taylor, Acting Quartermaster General. 

Firat U. iS. Infantry. — Captains John Whistler and Daniel Baker; Lieu- 
tenant Dixon Stansbury, and Ensign Robert McCabe. 



APPENDIX. 1017 

Third U. 8. /«/aw^rz/.— Lieutenant W. Butler (Adjutant McArthur's regi- 
ment). 

Fourth U. S. Infantry. — Lieutenant ColonelJames Miller ; Captains Josiah 
Snelling, Oliver H. Burton, Charles Larrabee, and Charles Fuller; Lieuten- 
ants John L. Eastman, George Goodiug, Lewis Peckham, John Baoon (Quar- 
termaster), and Aaron W. Furbush. 

Seventh U. 8. Infantry. — Lieutenant Thomas S. Jessup (Acting Brigade 
Major) and Ensign Samuel McCormick (Adjutant Findlay's regituent). 

U. S. Artillery. — Captain Samuel Dyson, Lieutenants James Dalliba (ord- 
nance oflBcer), Porter Hanks, and John Anderson, 

U. S. Army. — Captains Harris H. Hickman, Jared Mansfield (U. S. Engi- 
neers), Horatio Stark, John Whipple, Benjamin Forsyth (U. S. Riflemen), 
Lieutenant Asher Phillips and Sergeant Sylvester Day (U. S. Riflemen). 

OHIO TE00P8. 

First Regiment. — Colonel Duncan McArthur, commanding; Majors James 
Denny and William A. Trimble. 

Second Regiment. — Colonel James Fiudlay, commanding; Majors Thomas 
Moore and Thomas Van Home. 

Third Regiment. — Colonel Lewis Cass, commanding; Majors Robert Morri- 
iSon and Jeremiah K. Munson. 

Detachment of two Companies. — Captains Henry Brush and Thomas Rowland. 

MICHIGAN" TROOPS. 

George McDougall, Adjutant General Michigan Territory. 

Legionary Corps. — Four companies, composed of cavalry, infantry, riflemen, 
and artillery. Major James Wetherell, commanding. 

First Regiment Lifa}Ury.—Co\one\ Elijah Brush, commanding. 

Second Regiment Infantry. — Colonel John Anderson, commanding. 

Although the foregoing statement contains only the names of commanders 
of Micliigan troops, it is presumable that most of those oflticers commissioned 
and assigned to commands by Governor Hull in 1805 took an active put in 
the war, notwithstanding it has been found impossible to find any rec ri. 

On the day of the surrender and before his departure for Cana<]a, General 
Brock published a proclamation declaring that the Territory of Michigan had 
been ceded to the Arms of His Britannic Majesty, "without any otiier condi- 
tion than the protection of private property." 

Proctor succeeded Brock in command, and on the 21st of August, by proc- 
lamation, organized a civil government. Soon after the Indians began to 
pillage property and became very mischievous otherwise. 

On the 18th of January, 1813, the Adjutant General officially announced 
the exchange of Hull, McArthur, Cass, Findlay, Miller, and the remainder of 
the Detroit prisoners, thereby relieving them from disability to serve m the war. 

Judge James Y. Campbell, in his valuable work, "Outlines of the Political 
History of Michigan," from which has been derived most of the mformaiion 
contained in this brief notice of the war in Michigan Territory, says: 

"The immediate result of Hull's surrender was a general uprising all over 
the west, Kentucky and Ohio were especially active, and General llanison 
was by common consent put at the head of the forces, receiving a speeial 
commission from Kentucky. These troops were volunteers, not called out 
originally by the United States, but brought into the field by the enthusiasm 
128 



1018 APPENDIX. 

of the occasion. Harrison was also commissioned for the same purpose by the 
United States. The Indians were very soon scattered from the Wabash and 
driven northward. A campaign was planned for the recovery of Michigan and 
the capture of iVIalden, which was delayed by some untoward events and for a 
time prevented General Winchester, who. without orders, undertook to advance 
to the Raisin, and there met with a terrible calamity." 

The troops under Winchester, an old Revolutionary officer, were intelligent 
and brave, chiefly Kentuckians, composed of the foremost young men of the 
State, and had entered the service determin'ed to wipe out the disgrace of 
Hull's surrender and redeem the Michigan Territory from British rule and 
relieve the people from their terror of the merciless savage. 

Under orders from Winchester of January 17, 1813, Colonel William Lewis, 
with a force of between 600 and 700 officers and men, commenced a march 
toward the Raishi, reaching a point near what is now the city of Monroe on 
the 18th, where he was attacked by a force of British and Indians. He at 
once made a disposition of his army to engage the enemy. He assigned Lieu- 
tenant Colonel Allen to command the right wing, Major Graves the left, while 
Major Madison had the centre. He crossed the river on the ice. Graves and 
Madison attacking the enemy soon drove them from the village, while Allen 
encountered strong opposition on the right from a force with a howitzer in 
position, where the battle became very hot, but the enemy was finally driven, 
fighting obstinately. They were pursued into the heavy timber, when darkness 
put an end to the conflict. The loss of the Americans was 12 killed and 55 
wounded, while that of the British was not published, and the Indians iiaving 
dragged from the field their dead, their loss was not ascertained. 

On the 21st Winchester had received a report that the Britisli and Indians 
would attack him that night or next morning and he was urged by Lieutenant 
Colonel Wells, in command of reguhirs, to be prepared; but it app.-ars that he 
disregarded both and left for the Maumee to hurry up reenforcements, which 
had started for the field, but did not reach there, having been turned back on 
hearing of the surrender. 

A complete surprise was accomplished by the British, for at daybreak on 
the 22d the camp was heavily fired with shot and canister, while at the same 
time it was vigorously assaulted with regulars and Indians. A small foice 
immediately under Lewis secured some cover in the heavy picket fences and 
held its own for some time. The regulars, not finding any cover and being 
exposed to a severe fire, were reenforced by Winchester and Lewis with about 
lUU men, when the enemy was held in check for some time; but a large body 
of Indians succeeding in turning their riglit flank, they were compelled to 
cross the river, wlien, though fighting bravely and desperately in detail, they 
could make no united defense. On this part of the field no quarter was given, 
the greatest portion of them being either killed or scalped. W^inchester and 
Lewis surrendered to Roundhead, an Indian, who Stripped them and took them 
to Proctor, Colonel Allen being among the killed. 

Graves and Madison being on another part of the field maintained their posi- 
tion against the small artillery of the enemy, picking off with their riflemen 
the British gunners on sight, while Proctor with his whole force had withdiawn 
beyond range, leaving the Americans with time for breakfast. 

Proctor, on the arrival of Winchester at his headquarters, intimated to him 
that he could not restrain his Indian allies, and Wincliester, forcibly impressed 
with the barbarities which he had already witnessed and received at tlieir 



APPENDIX. 



101& 



hands, and at the same time underestimating the position and condition of 
the troops under Graves, consented to surrender, as he reported, on the under- 
standing that the protection of the prisoners and private property should be 
secured, and that the side arms of the officers should be returned to them on 
arrival at Maiden. 

Major Overton of Winchester's staff, accompanied by Proctor, was made the 
bearer of a white flag to the American camp. Knowing well the habits and 
propensities of the Indians, Graves and Madisou hesitated about submitting to 
surrender, and unless safety was fully secured declined to do so. Proctor 
a't^reed to this, promising to send sleds to convey the wounded to Maiden next 
mornin<r, and to have them safely guarded in the meantime. On these assur- 
ances the surrender was accomplished. Notwithstanding these promises inso- 
lence was soon commenced by the Indians, and Proctor, when appealed to by 
Maior Madison, advanced the usual excuse that it was beyond his power to 
restrain them. Madison at once gave orders to his men, who were still armed, 
to protect themselves with their guns. This took effect, and the Indians 
stopped their mischievous work, and the unwouuded troops were at once 
marched off toward Maiden. . 

Contrary to the assurances of Proctor, his promises were all disregaided 
Private property of both officers and soldiers was permitted to be pillaged and 
destroyed, and some of the worst atrocities were committed without restraint 
or punishment. The wounded were neglected, and m place of being carried 
off in sleds, as promised, were left at the mercy of the savages, and n.o.t of 
tliem were put to death or scalped, and even many of the unwounded, both 
officers and^men, were murdered on the road to Maiden, very few reaching 

"'The bloody battle of the Raisin has well been designated in history as one of 
the nhumaif massacres of the ages. The shot-gun, the tomahawk, and scalp- 
1 a k L were the instruments of death in the hands of the victorious savages 
b'nt on uni^strained plunder and butchery, while the bodies of many of tha 
dead beinff left unprotected and exposed, were devoured by dogs, swine, and 
o he; vo a'cio a imals, the brutal tyrant who controlled f--^-^^^^^^ 
inteiering in the least to secure their naked and mangled bodies a deposit m 
the frozen ground. 

"How dread was the conflict, how bloody the Jray 
Told the banks of the Kaisin at the dawn of the day, 
WWle the gush from the wounds of the dy^ng ^nd dead 
Had thaw'd for the warrior a snow-sheeted bed. 

-But where is the pride that a soldier can feel, 
To temper with mercy the wrath ot the steel, 

wasdearl, bought. P'-»f ° ''f"^. f/X f „ ler. Tl.e lossof the In.l.ans 
force, or more than one-third »' "»=" "''"'^ """ oVthe A.nerica.i tr..o|,s .lot 

whom were not slain in action, but murdered afteiwaids. 



1020 APPENDIX. 

The expedition of Proctor into Ohio early in 1813, his attempted attack and 
failure May let on Fort Meigs at tlie Muumee Rapids, then held by General 
Harrison, and his defeat on July 37th following in his assault on Fort Steph- 
enson, on the Sandusky river, in command of Major George Croghan, coupled 
with the advance of Harrison's army, rendered the retreat of Proctor on 
Maiden advisable, which he accomplished in all haste. 

Commodore Perry's great victory on Lake Erie on the 10th of September 
followed, in which Major Henry B. Brevoort, U. S. Army, a Michigan oflBcer 
who had entered the service as an Ensign, 2d U. S. Infantry, in 1802, took a 
prominent part in command of a detachment of soldiers acting as marines. 

Major Brevoort, having with his family lived in Detroit, was in possession of 
much valuable information regarding the number and strength of the British 
vessels, and which proved of great service to Perry. 

These events and the advance of Perry's fleet towards the mouth of the 
Detroit river compelled the abandonment of Maiden on the 18Lh of that month 
by the British forces. On the 27th of September Harrison crossed from the 
Middle Sister Island to the Canada shore about four miles below Maiden, aud 
on marching into that place and finding it evacuated he at once prepared for 
pursuit, but did not expect to overtake Proctor until he should reach the 
Thames, where he told Tecumseh he meant to make a stand. 

From Judge Campbell's work : "Proctor was at Sandwich when Harrison 
landed, and he at once moved eastward with the Detroit garrison and all his 
auxiliaries. On the 28th the American army reached Sandwich, and General 
Duncan McArthur crossed over and took possession of the fort, which he had 
left before under such different circumstances. The overjoyed inhabitants 
were released from what had become a reign of terror. The fort had been 
fired, but the flames were extinguished, and General McArtliur drove off a 
horde of hostile Indians, who were prowling round the neighborhood. The 
fleet arrived the same day. On the 29th General Harrison issued his procla- 
mation restoring the civil autliority as it had been before the surrender, and 
entrusting its aciministration to the old incumbents when present, and to their 
next predecessors if absent. Colonel Johnson's riflemen came up on the 30th, 
and crossed into Canada the day after. 

"The American flag is said to have been raised by the inhabitants before 
McArthur's entrance. But it never floated again from the old flag-staff. 
That was left bare and uncared for as a memorial and warning, until a few 
years afterwards, in June, 1820, it was blown over by a severe wind and ceased 
to be visible over the walls. What ignominious uses its ruins may have served 
it is not recorded. It was not in demand for relics. 

"McArthur's command was left to hold Detroit. Cass's brigade was left at 
Sandwich, and Harrison, with a force of about 3,5flU, on the 2d of October 
pushed on by land after Proctor, the smaller vessels of the fleet sailing up the 
Tliames. Proctor was at last overtaken at the Moravian towns, and compelled 
to give battle on the 5th. The mounted riflemen dashed through the British 
line and turned it, and in less than ten minutes the whole force was captured 
except General Proctor and 17 officers and 239 men. The official reports of 
his own government show that he was regarded as liaving been guilty of grossly 
disgraceful conduct. His brave ally, Tecumseh, met a soldier's death by the 
hands of a very brave enemy, having been shot by Colonel Richard M. John- 
son, while the latter was wounded aud held down by his own lior-e, which had 
fallen on him, aud Tecumseh was approaching to kill him. James Knaggs, 



[ 



APPENDIX. 1021 

who aided in carrying Colonel Johnson off the field, was intimately acquainted 
with Tecumseh, and recognized him when pointed out by Colonel Johnson as 
an Indian whom he had shot in self-defense. Probably no one in the army 
had as good a knowledge of Tecumseh as Captain Knaggs, who had been for 
years an interpreter, and familiar with all the chiefs. The identity of the 
slayer and of the slain is as well established as testimony can establish anything. 

" General Cass and Commodore Perry acted as volunteer aids to General Har- 
rison, and he gave great credit to both for their efficient help in making his 
arrangements and preparations." 

In October, 1813, General Cass, who had held the rank of Brigadier General 
U. S. Army since March 12, 1813, was by President Madison made permanent 
Governor of Michigan Territory, with William Woodbridge, of Marietta, Ohio, 
as his Secretary. On the 15th of December he appointed George McDougall 
his Adjutant General, and on the 17th the following order was issued reorgan- 
izing the militia: 

ADJUTANT GENERAL'S OFFICE, 
Headquaktees Detroit, 
GenekaIi Orders : December 17, 1813. 

The situation of the country requiring the most prompt and efficient orfjanization of the 
militia, the Commander-in-Chief directs that Lieutenant Colonel Smyth use all i-xertions 
to complete his corps, which will immediately be placed in actual service, and be reported 
to Lieutenant Colonel Butler of the 28th Infantry (U. S. A.), who wiU be left in commant* 
of this post and its dependencies. 

The commanding officer of the first and second regiments will organize their regiments 
with all possible dispatch. In the division of companies they will conform, as nearly aa 
may be, to the situation of things prior to the surrender of this place to the enemy. But 
where an altered state of the population, or other circumstances, render an alteration 
expedient, they are authorized to make it. 

The commanding officer of corps and regiments will make regular returns of the num- 
ber of men fit for duty in their respective regiments or corps to Lieutenant Colonel Butler, 
and will receive and receipt for a sufficient quantity of arms and ammunition. 

During the absence of the Commander-in-Chief the Adjutant General will, on the requi- 
sition of the commanding officer at this post, order out the whole or such part of the 
militia as the commanding officer may require. 

By order of the Commander-in-Chief, 

GEO. McDOUGALL, 

Adjutant General T. M. 

Commissions issued by Governor Cass, December 18, 1813 : 

George McDougall, Adjutant General. 

Legionary Cor;os,— Richard Smyth, Lieutenant Colonel; Henry J. Hunt, 
Major; Captains, Antoine Dequindre, Benjamin Woodworth, John Conner, 
Isaac Lee; Lieutenants, Isaac Ruland, George Johnstone, Otto Miller, Jacob 
Smith, John Palmer, John Dousman ; Ensigns, J. Macomb, J. S. Koby, L. 
Dequindre, Laurent Durocher. 

Battalion on rivers Huron (now Clinton) and St. Clair: James Conner, 
Major; Captains, Henry Conner, William Tucker, Joseph Roe; Lieutenants, 

George Cottrell, Pierre Chauvin; Ensigns, Michael Duchesne, Beaabien, 

Francis St, Aubin. 

First Kegiment. —G&briel Godfroy, Lieutenant Colonel; Jacob Visger, 
Major; Captains, J. B. Cicotte, Dominique Bondy, Jacques Campeau, Charles 
Rivard, Louis Beufait, Francis Cicotte; Lieutenants, Charles N. Gouin, Johu 
Dicks, A. Baron, J. B. Godfroy, Lambert Beaubien, Francis Rivard ; Ensigns, 
John Grant, Pierre Labadie, J. Meldrum, J. B. Beaubien, A. B. Delisle, John 
GoodelL 



1022 APPENDIX. 

Second Regiment. — Francis Navarre, Lieutenant Colonel; J. B. Beaugrand, 
Major; Captains, Hubert LaCroix, Dominique Drouillard, Jacques Navarre, 
J. B. Conture; Lieutenants, Francis Lasselle, Jos. Duseau, Martin Nadeau, 
Jos. Robert; Ensigns, Isidore Robert, Duncan Reid, John B. Roe, Joseph 
LeBeau. 

In this organization are included a large number of the officers who were 
assigned to the organization effected by Hull in 1805, and as has already been 
stated, most of them must have been in service during the struggle in Michigan 
Territory in 1812. 



THE BLACK HAWK WAR. 



Early in the spring of 1833 a war with the Sac and Fox Indians, tlien oecn- 
pyiug country west of the xMississippi River, was inaugurated by an invasion of 
Northern Illinois and Southern Wisconsin, then in what was known as Michi- 
gan territory, by Black Hawk, the chief of these Indians, who had repeatedly 
given assurances to the government that he, with his people, would remain on 
the west side of that river, but had then, with his force, entered Illinois, mur- 
dering the inhabitants in considerable numbers, committing depredations upon 
their property and submitting them to continual fear for their lives, declaring 
that he would use all his endeavors, even unto war, to recover his old home on 
the east side of the river, which he had left under treaty. 

At the commencement of the outbreak quite a heavy Indian war seemed 
inevitable from all aopearances, as the dispositions of surrounding tribes were 
not clearly understood, and in addition to the regular troops sent up tiie 
Mississippi River a considerable force was sent from the seaboard and from 
other points to the seat of war, taking the lake route via steamers, reaching 
Detroit early in July. Major General Scott accompanied the first detachment 
of ^^0 officers and men, which made the trip from Buifalo to Chicago in the 
steamer Sheldon Thompson, and when she left that port on her return trip, 
there had died, of the detachment, one officer and fifty-one men, of cholera, 
which then prevailed in Detroit and other western cities. General Scott and 
several other officers had been slightly attacked by the disease, but soon 

recovered. ^^ ^^, . .,..,,. „ 

General Twiggs followed on the steamers Henry Clay and William ienn, 
with a command of 370 strong, including officers. 'Iliis detaclnnent was 
attacked with the disease and compelled to land at Fort Gratiot, out ot winch 
only 150 remained with the command, a large number having died of cholera 
and were buried in the grave yard, still remauiing on the military reserve 
there. The rest, panic stricken, deserted, fleeing to the woods and along the 
road to Detroit, but few of them reached that city, large numbers having d.ed 
in the woods and by the ways.de, and of these many were destroyed and 
devoured by wolves and other wild animals. , , , ■, . Iw,..;^ «n.i 

Colonel Cummings, with another detachment, landed at Det oit and 
<nicamped, where several died; the survivors becoming pan.c str.ckcM. were 
embarked on the steamer William Penn, but were soon compelled to let n 
and went again into camp at Springwells, when they became more c,uiet and 
but few deaths, comparatively, occurred among them. 

From these commands it was reckoned at the tune that noie than hal 
were swept away. Of the six companies that left Fortress Monroe onl) Ks^ 
returned; losses in other detachments being in like proportion. ^^^^_^ ^ 



■'^^^ APPENDIX. 



Colonel Thompson, U. S. A., with two companies of infantry from Port 
(jratiot, arrived by steamer at Detroit about the 13th of July, and upon land- 
mg commenced their march across the country for Chicago. 

On April 27th of that year the Governor of Illinois sent a force of 1 800 
volunteers to the mouth of Rock River, on the Mississippi, where the Indians 
made their headquarters, and a command of regulars under General Atkin- 
son immediately commanded by Colonel Zachary Taylor, was sent from 
bt. Louis, Mo via the Mississippi, to that point, while Colonel Heury Dodo-e 
of Michigan Territory, raised a force of territorial volunteers and moved °on 
the same place. This command at first rendered very important service in 
preventing mischief being done by the Winnebagoes and other tribes of 
doubtful intentions, and then entered upon a vigorous and successful cam- 
paign during the spring and summer, having several sharp but minor 
encounters with the Indians. 

In the meantime General Hugh Brady, commanding the Department of the 
Lakes, headquarters at Detroit, took the overland route, and with Lieutenant 
Llpctus Backus, of his staff, joined General Akinson in the field. 

The Indians had been attacked at various points, and finding themselves 
closely pressed by the advancing troops, pushed up Black river, more anxious 
to escape their pursuers than to make war upon them. 

The pursuit, after leaving the river, was continued in the direction of the 
Wisconsin passing the place where the city of Madison now is, and then 
known as horn Lakes Soon the bluffs of the Wisconsin were reached, where 
Black Hawk was found with his band, preparing to cross the river with their 
women and children Colonel Dodge and Colonel Ewing were in the advance 
with their commands, and a spy company in command of Captain Dixon 
boon the Indians were met and the battle of Wisconsin Heights commenced 
resulting after a brisk but spirited fight, in driving the Indians into the bot- 
toms ol the Wisconsin, where they became concealed, and darkness closed the 
pursuit, ihe next morning disclosfid that the Indians had in the night all 
crossed the river and disappeared. The pursuit continued, and on the 2d of 
August, twelve days after the battle of Wisconsin Heights, the army came up 
with the whole body of Indians near the mouth of the Bad Axe river which 
runs into the Mississippi river about forty miles above Prairie du Chlen A 
steamer, the Warrior, had been sent up the Mississippi river armed with a six- 
pounder to prevent their escape across the river. Thus surrounded, the Indians 
fell easy victims, and the battle soon terminated in the total destruction of 
a very large portion of Black Hawk's followers, men, women, and children, 
and the capture and dispersion of the remainder, and thus ended the battle of 
Bad Axe, the final engagement of the Black Hawk war. The official reports 
give the loss by the wJiites as 25 killed and wounded. The entire loss by the 
army m the war, including the murders of settlers, and exclusive of the 
ravages of cholera, was estimated at about 50, while the Indians are reported 
to have lost 230 killed m battle and a great number died of wounds, with a 
great loss by starvation, disease, and drowning among the women and children. 

" I will weep for a season on bitterness fed, 
For my kindred are gone to the hills of the dead- 
But they died not by hunger, or lingering decay, 
The steel of the white man hath swept them away." 

Black Hawk hastily made his escape with his prophet from Bad Axe, and a 
large reward was offered for his capture. The fugitives pursued their lonely 



APPENDIX. 1025 

retreat to the dalles of the Wisconsin river, and were there captured by One- 
Eyed De-cor-ra, a chief of the Winnebagoes, who delivered them as prisoners 
of war on the 27th of August to General Street, Indian AgenD at Prairie du 
Chien. 

The hostile chief was sent down the river with an escort in charge of Lieu- 
tenant Jefferson Davis, of the regular army, to Jefferson Barracks, Mo., and 
held as a prisoner of war for several months, a portion of the time confined 
at Fortress Monroe, from which he was taken in June, 1S33, and escorted 
through the principal cities and towns for the purpose of enlightening him as 
to the power of the country, of which he seemed to be entirely ignorant, and 
finally reaching the Mississippi river, where he was released from arrest, and 
lived in quiet on the banks of that river, where he died October 23ii, 1838. 

Detroit, then the principal city in the territory, desiring to aid Illinois in 
suppressing the plundering incursions of the Indians, contributed her share of 
volunteers, organized a force, and before the cholera broke out commenced a 
movement across the country via Chicago for the field of operations. 

Upon the breaking out of the war Stevens T. Mason, then Secretary and 
acting Governor of Michigan Territory, called on General John R. Williams, 
who was in command of the militia for troops, who made an order dated May 
2d, upon John Roberts, of Detroit, Colonel of the 1st regiment, for a detach- 
ment of 250 oflficers and men, which was promptly furnished. In the detach- 
ment were two independent uniformed companies belonging to Detroit, Light 
Dragoons, Captain Charles Jackson, and the Detroit City Guard (infantry). 
Captain Edward Brooks, who had served under General Harrison at the battle 
of the Thames. 

The 1st regiment embraced all the troops in the vicinity of Detroit, and on 
May 24th was rendezvoused at Ten Eyck's Tavern, at Dearborn, on the 
River Rouge, nine miles from Detroit, for the purpose of filling the requisi- 
tion either by volunteers or by drafts. In connection with this an incident 
occurred at that place in the selection of volunteers, which was most credit- 
able to the company in which it took place, showing a remarkable effect of 
discipline even in that long by-gone day among the independent volunteer 
companies worthy of imitation even by those of the present day, and exhib- 
ited a patriotism and consideration for the welfare of their fellow men worthy 
of the highest commendation. It had become known to the City Guard that 
in making up the detachment volunteers were to be first called for, and then 
the balance made up by draft. The Guard having been for some time fully 
organized as a company, properly nuisLered and officered, recognized the fact 
that their entire meuibershi}) was subject to orders as a body, and when received 
resolved to obey them as such, but would neither volunteer nor be drafted 
individually. This determiinition being unknown to their officers, next morn- 
ing when the regiment formed in line, the General and staff rode to the front, 
and upon the call being made for volunteers some from each of the other 
companies stepped out in front, but not one of the Guard moved except the 
officers The General seemed much surprised, and was seen to turn to 
Colonel Brooks, who had just been promoted from the Captaincy of the 
company, and who had assured the General that the Guard would volunteer to 
a man at once, dispatched an Aid to Captain Isaac S. Rowland, a graduate of 
West Point, who had succeeded Captain Brooks, and who, on reaching the 
Captain, inquired what such action by the company meant. Cai)tain Row- 
land, ignorant of the determination of the company, and unable to answer, 
129 



1 ('26 APPENDIX. 

referred the matter to his Orderly Sergeant, R. E. Roberts, who replied : 
"The City Guards are an organized volunteer company, aud ready to obey 
orders." Upon this answer being delivered to the General he at once, with 
much apparent pride, gave the order, "City Guard, five paces to the front, 
march !" and the Guards promptly moved forward in a body, and all were 
enrolled except one man, who was excused owing to ill health. 

The detachment was then completed by draft and companies organized 
therefrom. Two of the companies thus formed were commanded respectively 
by Captain Rene Marsac and Captain R. Henderson. The commanders of the 
others have not been ascertained. 

At one o'clock of the next day the command was on the march for Chicago, 
moving on to Willow Run, five miles east of Ypsilanti, reaching there that 
night, and next day marched to Saline. There they were overtaken byai order 
from Governor Mason, delivered by Adjutant General John E. Schwartz 
to General Williams, to proceed with his staff to Chicago, and directing 
the detachment to return to Detroit. The troops were formed in hollow 
square and were addressed by General Williams, who thanked them in be- 
half of the frontier settlers for the promptness evinced by them in tak- 
ing the field to aid in relieving their fellow-citizens from the threatening 
encroachments of the Indians, who were then devastating their country and 
destroying their homes. The General and staff then started for Chicago, and 
the detachment for Detroit by way of Ann Arbor, where they arrived on Sun- 
day about noon. Another detachment of five companies of infantry reached 
Tecumseh about the same time, which had been raised in the southern portion 
of tlie State. A company each at Clinton, Adrian, Tecumseh, Biissfield and 
Palmyra. They belonged to the eighth regiment of the third brigade, com- 
manded by General Joseph W. Brown. These companies had moved west- 
ward for the field of operations on IVIay 21st, 1832, in command of Brown, 
but on reaching Niies tliey received orders to return home, and were mustered 
out of service at Tecumseh, but were held subject to orders for a month 
thereafter. General Brown in the meantime having gone to Chicago with 
General Williams. These companies were commanded respectively by Cap- 
tains Drown, Lewis, Hixson, Eilmunds, and Goff. Hon. John J. Adam, now 
of Tecumseh, served in Captain Hixson's company. 

There was also a company of infantry organized in Kalamazoo county, aud 
mustered into the service of the United States May 21st 1SI32. with 42 officers 
and men. It was officered by Captain James Noyes, Lieutenant Joshua B. 
Dunkin, and Chauncy C. Merwin, Eu.sign. It belonged to a militia regiment 
of which David E. Brown was Colonel, Ijyman I. Daniels Lieutenant Colonel, 
and Hosea B. Huston Major. The comjjany proceeded under orders as far 
as Niles, where it remained for some time, when, under orders from General 
Brown it returned and was discliargeil at "Insley's Four Corners," on Prairie 
Ronde, Kalamazoo county. 

At Ann Arbor the Detroit command was met by a messenger from the Gov- 
ernor with orders to again move on to Chicago. The trooi)S were very desti- 
tute in equipment, having neither tents nor camp equipage, but being deter- 
mined to proceed at once a successful effort was made by Captain Rowland in 
collecting among the men what money, watches, and other valuables could be 
obtained to defray or secure the cost of such equipment as might be readily 
had, and this being accomplished, all necessary arrangements were made to 
have the outfit ready by next morning. 



APPENDIX. 1027 

In the meantime another dispatch reached them, — an order from the Gov- 
ernor for the infantry to return to Detroit, when the movement was again 
commenced, but was again met about three miles from Ann Arbor, by a mes- 
senger, with orders to halt, and after about two hours they again took up the 
line of march for Detroit, encamping at Plymouth that night, and the next at 
Ten Eyck's, reaching Detroit on the next day (June 3d), and on the day 
following were discharged from the service. 

The company of dragoons was ordered to move with General Williams to 
Chicago, and accordingly started the following morning. They were joined 
by some of the City Guard, among whom was Corporal Tiiomas Williams, 
5on of the General, then only sixteen years of age, and who afterwards 
became a graduate of West Point and served his country in the regular army 
with much distinction through the Florida and Mexican wars, and in the 
rebellion of 1861. He was promoted to a brigadier general of volunteers and 
commanded the Union troops in their victory over the rebels at Baton Rouge, 
La., and had in his force the 6th Michigan Infantry. In this engagement he 
received his death wound while leading his command with a cheer, mounted, 
saying to the 21st Indiana, "Boys, your field officers are all gone; I will lead 
you." 

General Williams was accompanied to Chicago by Colonel Brooks, Major 
Chas. W. Whipple, and Major M. Wilson, escorted by Captain Jackson's 
dragoons. Jackson returning to Detroit, the company was in command of 
First Lieutenant Garry Spence^^ with First Lieutenant John Farrar and Sec- 
ond Lieutenant James Hanmer. A company of 50 cavalry from General 
Brown's command also accompanied General Williams. This force remained 
some weeks in Chicago awaiting the developments of the war, making a 
reconnoissance to Naper's settlement beyond, a point threatened by the 
Indians. General Williams's command remained in Chicago until after the 
capture of Black Hawk, and did not return to Detroit until about the 1st of 
July. 

While the command was in Chicago the people of that city, on the 18th of 
June at a public meeting, adopted and published an address to General Wil- 
liams and tlie officers and soldiers of his command, warmly thanking them 
"for the prompt and efficient aid rendered by them when the citizens of 
Chicago were without protection and had not the means of defending them- 
selves." J /^ 1 , 

The field officers connected with the entire Detroit command were Colonel 
Edward Brooks, Lieutenant Colonel Jonathan D. Davis, Major Benajah Hol- 
brook, and Dr. John L. Whiting, Surgeon, Captain Lewis Davenport having 
charge of the baggage train. 

Althouc^h from circumstances beyond their control the Michigan troops 
organized" for the Black Hawk War, both infantry and cavalry, were not 
afforded the opportunity which they so much desired, of taking an active part 
in the war by meeting the enemy, yet their courage and patriotism were none 
the less. Having volunteered in a good cause and undertaken a march of 
great hardship on foot, of several hundred miles, much of it over badly con- 
structed roads through a country a large portion of which was then .compara- 
tively a wilderness, and withal scantily provided with supplies and equipment, 
entitled them to much well deserved credit. 



THE TOLEDO WAR. 

C'An Ohio Idea:') 



What is known as the Toledo War was one of a very peculiar and harmless 
character, beginning in perspective and ending without collision, fight, or 
casualty; yet exhibiting on the start on both sides a maximum of bombastic 
threatenings, prospective of possible coming war, with bloody battles and dire- 
ful consequences, and although it brought out on the part of Michigan the 
most formidable military demonstration incident to a dispute, between States 
as to territory occurring in the United States, it ended in a wordy peace, 
which has resulted in handing down the whole affair, both civil and military, 
in undeserved traditional and written ridiculq. 

In the beginning of 1835 the State of Ohio undertook to enforce jurisdic- 
tion over certain territory south of the Maumee Bay, which was then consid- 
ered as a portion of Michigan Territory, and claimed as such. The legisla- 
tive council of Michigan on February 12, of that year, passed an act "to 
prevent the exercise of foreign juiisdiction within the limits of the Territory 
of Michigan," making it a penal offense for any one to accept or exercise any 
public office in any part of the Territory, except by commission from the 
United States, or Michigan. On the 19th of the same month Acting Gov- 
ernor Mason, in a letter of instructions in detail to General Joseph W. Brown, 
then commanding a division of the Michigan militia, says: "Under exist- 
ing circumstances but one of two courses is left for Michigan to pursue. If 
Ohio continues to persevere in the attempt to wrest from us our territory, as 
she now meditates, — in voluntary submission to encroachment upon our 
rights, or firm and determined opposition to her, — the latter though painful 
to us, is preferable to the former, and must be decided upon. With this in 
view, I have, with due regard to the impoitant tasii assigned you, concluded 
to give you the control of the measures necessary to be adopted in consequence 
of the peculiar and unpleasant relations which I fear may soon exist between 
the civil authorities of Ohio and those of this Territory." 

General Brown, under the same date, issues the following address to the 
militia: 

" Fellow^ Citizens, — A cause which has the sanction of the highest author- 
ity in the nation, as well as the laws of our Territory, must be sustained by us, 
and will meet the approbation of all our common country who respect our 
institutions and who are capable of appreciating the just claims of the injured 
and weaker party when they are sought to be trodden down and trampled upon 
by mere physical force. We cannot submit to an invasion of our soil ; we are 

(1028) 



APPENDIX. 1029 



determined to repel with force whatever strength the State of Ohio may 
attempt to bring into our Territory to sustain her usurpations, and let the 
consequences which may follow rest on the guilty heads of those who attempt 
to deprive us by force of our rightful jurisdiction." 

On the 23d following the Ohio Legislature asserting the right of that State 
and declaring that measures should be taken to establish it, Governor Lucas 
placed a Major General of militia in command, with instructions to enroll the 
militia of the districts in dispute for the purpose of protection, while running 
a boundary line which Ohio insisted on accomplishing. The matter of bound- 
ary had been laid before Congress, but failed to receive attention, and the act- 
ing Governor of Michigan, considering his Territory in possession, ordered 
General Brown to hold himself in readiness to resist any attempt of Ohio to 
carry out the threatened measures, the right of Michigan being sustained by 
the Attorney General of the United States, and also by the President and his 
advisers. After a futile attempt at conciliation and considerable delay, Ohio 
still persisting in her claim, the President intimated by letter that if that State 
attempted running the line with an armed force he would have to interfere to 
prevent it by the power of the United States. Still affairs remained quiet, 
with an occasional difficulty, but without any military demonstration. It wsis 
ascertained, however, that in accordance with the views of tlie Ohio Legisla- 
ture a new county (Lucas) was to be organized over the disputed territory, and 
that a court was to be opened at Toledo on the 7th of September, 1835, and 
that this move was to be protected by Ohio troops. To meet this ontem plated 
action Governor Mason ordered out the Michigan forces, and with them in 
person moved on Toledo; but on arriving there no opposing force was encoun- 
tered and he peacefully took possession of the place, holding it for four days, 
when the Michigan troops, under an order of September lOth, returned and 
were disbanded at their various rendezvous, not having fired a gun at an enemy 

nor lost a man. . , ^ . . ., j. , i 

Ohio finally succeeded by strong political influence m obtainmg the disputed 
ground, but only with what was claimed to have been the consent of Michigan, 
in lieu of which'she received what is known as the Upper Peninsula. 

Following is a statement of the officers and troops organized and called out 
by the Governor to take a part in the boundary quarrel referred to, and who 
were paid by the State for their services: 

Governor, Stevens T. Mason. Staff: Colonels Isaac S. Rowland, K.nts.gn 

Pritchette, John Chester. m u „ i?^i„u x;^ Ac 

Major General Joseph W. Brown, commanding; Alpheus Felch, A.d-de- 
Camp; Charles W. Whipple, Division Inspector; Daniel b. Bacon, Division 

Quartermaster. oj u „„j„ x? n T?.ur.n 

Brigadier General Martin Davis commanding 2d Bngade E- <;;• ^.^'o . 
Brigade Major; J. E. Field, Brigade Quartermaster; Isaac J. Ullman, B.i 
gade Inspector. 

FIRST REGIMENT RIFLES. 

FIELD AND STAFF, 

T D l^avis Colonel- John Beedon, Jr., Major; F. L. Marcham, Surgeon; 
Pe'^r'^FS; Pa\:t't'; U. A- Noyes, Adjutant; Wm. McCuidy, Qu.ter- 
master. 



1030 APPENDIX. 

COMPANY OFFICERS. 

Captains, Albert Stroms, Richard Bonghton, Charles M. McCorrnick, Eli 
Derby, Emery Richardson, A. i). Crane, James M. Murray, Horace Leek, S. 
B. Newton (supernumerary in charge of baggage train). 

First Lieutenants, Ezra Bradner, Samuel Gates, Isaac Hiseock, Jr., Silas 
Dickenson, J. S. Lacey, Jacob L Foot, Jared B. Cornish, Cyrus Burnett. 

Second Lieutenants, Euos Bradner, Wm. A. Ballard, Samuel B. Hill, 
Edwin Bond, Henry B. H. Secord, Harvey Barton, Wm. Brewer, Norman C. 
Wells. 

This command was made up of portions of eight companies, varying in 
size, and numbering 189 officers and men iu the aggregate. 

SECOND REGIMENT INFANTRY. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Warner Wing, Colonel; Apulus Drown, Major; Wm. W. Smith, Surgeon; 
Jjewis E. Bradley, Adjutant; Almon H. White, Quartermaster. 

COMPANY OFFICERS. 

Captains, George W. Darrah, Joseph Morass, Gabriel Bissonette, Heman 
N. Spalding, Noyes W. Woodworth, John Bradford. 

First Lieutenants, Levi Lewis, Francis Cousins, George C. Root, David Hall. 

Second Lieutenants, Nelson White, John B. Derby. 

Ensigns, James H. Withington, Peter Moran. 

The force consisted of parts of seven companies, numbering 131 officers 
and men. 

EIGHTH REGIMENT INFANTRY. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Davis Smith, Colonel; Samuel B. Evans, Lieutenant Colonel; Derastus 
Torrey, Major; Michael A. Patterson, Surgeon; Alonzo Cressy, Ass't Sur- 
geon; Joseph E. Hall, Adjutant; Sydney F. Blanchard, Quartermaster; 
Thomas Sisson, Assistant Quartermaster; Hugh Hillock, Assistant Quarter- 
master. 

COMPANY OFFICERS. 

Captains, Reuben N. Hall, John Densmore, Peleg Pettis, Horatio N. Bald- 
win, Ebenezer Davis, Augustus Montgomery, Jedediah Raymond, Milton 
Hoag. 

First Lieutenants, Eli Chatfield, Asa G. Edwards, Guy Carpenter. 

Second Lieutenants, Joseph N. Chandler, John J. Adam, Adam Miner, 
J. Swick, Daniel McRoberts. 

Ensigns, Benjamin Tibbetts, Simeon Spencer. 

This regiment had eight small companies, 238 strong, in the aggregate. 

OAKLAND DETACHMENT. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Frederick A. Sprague, Major; Andrew D. Voorheis, Surgeon; Israel B. 
Richardson, Surgeon; Benjamin Phelps, Paymaster; Joim L. Brownell, 
Quartermaster. 



APPENDIX. 1031 

COMPANY OFFICERS. 

Captains, Orange Foot, George Brownell, Linus Cone, John W. Ingram, 
Haron Haskins. 

Fust Lieutenants, Mason I. James, Walter Drake, Nelson Rosevelt, Phineas 
W. Jeuney, Edward W. Peck. 

Second Lieutenants, Alanson Goodrich, William Lee, Henry Sprague, Cal- 
vin (Jiiapel, Hiram Carhart. Chester Goodrich, Cornet. 

Tnis detachment was 180 strong, a portion of it being mounted as cavalry. 

BUCKLIN'S DETACHMENT INFANTRY. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

James Bucklin, Major; James Dunn, Adjutant. 

COMPANY OFFICERS. 

Captains, N. P. Thayer, John F. Rupley, Jonas Goodell, Thomas Geldard, 
Martin Greenman, Asahel L. Bird, Chas. M. Bull, George R. Griswold. 

First Lieutenants, Paul Rice, John Thomas, Sheldin Beckwith, Lewis 
Fuller, Geo. C. Bates, Sidney L. Rood. 

Second Lieutenants, Jasper Thomas, Jacob M. Howard, Thomas Dare. 

Eiisign, Joseph Y. Davis. 

This command had an aggregate of 137 officers and men. 

SHELBY VOLUNTEERS, ARTILLERY. 

Captains, Orson Sheldon, A. White, Erastus Day, J. 0. Ferris, N. W. 

Wadsworth. ^ ,, „ 

Lieutenants, James St. John, Wm. H. Webster, Elias 0. Maccall. 
Ensigns, Gurdon C. Leech, C. C. Douglass. 
Thi8°artillery force was made up of gun squads, 57 officers and men. 

DETROIT LIGHT DRAGOONS. 

First Lieutenant, John Wright; Second Lieutenant, Simeon Brown; Third 
Lieutenant, James Hanmer. 

This company was 20 strong in the aggregate. 

LIGHT HORSE. 

Captain, Joseph Wood; First Lieutenant, James McBride; Second Lieu- 
tetmnt. Burton Hotchkiss; Stephen Crego, Cornet. 
This company numbered 40 officers and men. 



On the pay roll of these troops are found the names of the following officers 
not included in any of the commands mentioned, but it is presumed that they 
were on some duty connected with the expedition referred to, as Adjutant Gen- 
eral Jno. K Schwarts certifies that tliey were entitled to pay for services 
rendered : 



1032 



APPENDIX. 



John Montgomery, Major 1st battalion Heavy Artillery; Joseph Lapham 
Adjutant; Abel Parkhurst, Paymaster; Chas. 0. Jefifers, Surgeon; Horace 
Welch, Quartermaster; Peter Slingerland, Captain; Morell Goodrich, First 
Lieutenant; William Colby, Second Lieutenant; Ezra Higby, Third Lieuten- 
ant ; Jesse W. Taylor, Captain Artillery ; Richard Gorton, Assistant Surgeon • 
Wm. Thompson, Surgeon; L. Jenney, Assistant Surgeon; C. 0. Hascall' 
Colonel; H. Hemans, Assistant Surgeon ; C. G. Parks, Lieutenant; M j' 
Bacon, Aid-de-Camp. With these officers are included a number of non- 
commissioned officers and privates, making in all 48 of an aggregate. 

These troops, numbering in all 1,055, were paid by the State for their ser- 
vices $13,4IL43, upon a certificate of Daniel Goodwin, Quartermaster General 
by Henry Howard, State Treasurer, by authority of Robert Abbott, Auditor 
General, under acts of the Legislature approved March 38th and July 2Gth, 



THE MEXICAN WAR, 



The war between the United States and Mexico and its causes are matters 
of history, and need not be further alluded to here than to say that, Texas 
being a province of Mexico, bordering on the United States, its popuhition 
had become more or less American, differing materially in education, religion, 
habits of life, and accustomed to a different mode of government. Being 
annoyed and harrassed by unjust local taxation and oppressive import duties, 
and withal persecuted by the various political factions then existing in thai 
country, they became restless and dissatisfied with their condition as a 
Province, and in 1833, after a full examination of their resources, population. 
and of the laws and constitution, they petitioned the Mexican Congress for 
admission into the Confederation as a separate State. This being denied and 
treated with great contempt, even to the imprisonment of the comn.iss.oner 
whoprelenteditin person and after continued grievances and persecutions 
Toupled with a threatened invasion of their territory by Mexican troops, a 
civil war was brought on, and prosecuted by Mexico with great vigor and 

"human barbarity? but which finally resulted after much aid gh mg o n 
both sides in the independence of Texas, bringing about n turn its annex i 
don to the United States. This result was displeasing to Mexico, and wb.ch, 

o7ethe wrfcontroversy regarding a disputed boundary i.. and an in v. 

Te.as, defeating them in ever, ■"»':"';«, '"""^"Ue^P.rmg t„,,, u.t., 

s:t;r:o?u^et aVht;a\r :r„u^^^^^^^ 

war ended. ^^ j » t innfoimnt General Scott. 

I„ «-h,1847 a„othe.^ann, m -^^^^ ^J^l^^: °U. V.y.i 

130 



1034 APPENDIX. 

resulting in its capitulation with the entire Mexican army, which ended the 
war with that country and maintained the claim to the territory in dispute. 

■^Tichigan fully performed the part required of her in the war by sending to 
tiiy tield eleven companies of infantry as volunteers, one company of dragoons 
and three companies of infantry for the regular army. 

In the early part of 1847 a company (K) was recruited for the Third U. S. 
Dragoons, in which Lewis Cass, Jr., of Detroit, served as a Major. The 
company was officered by Andrew T. McReynolds, Detroit, as Captain; John 
T. Brown, Tecumseh, as First Lieutenant; J. C. D. Williams, Detroit, and 
Frank Henry, of Wisconsin, Second Lieutenants. This company served with 
much distinction in the army of General Scott, on his advance from Vera 
Cruz, and participated in the several engagements on his line of operations, 
and especially in the celebrated and successful charge of Captain Phil. 
Kearney on the Gareta, San Antonio, in the capture of the City of Mexico, 
Captain McReynolds receiving a wound while leading his company, disabling 
one of his arms. The company was mustered out of service July 20th, 1848^ 

In May of that year three companies were recruited in the State and mus- 
tered into the 15th U. S. Infantry. The field officers of the regiment were: 
Geo. W. Morgan, of Ohio, Colonel; Joshua Howard, of Detroit, Lieutenant 
Colonel ; Frederick D. Mills, of Iowa, and Samuel Wood, of Indiana, Majors. 

The officers of the Michigan companies were : 

Company A. Captain, Eugene Vendeventer, Flint; First Lieutenant and 
Adjutant, Thornton F. Brodhead, Detroit; Second Lieutenant, Samuel E.. 
Beach, Pontiac; Second Lieutenant, Edwin R. Merrifield, Lansing. 

Company E. Captain, Isaac D. Toll, Fawn River; First Lieutenant, Thos. 
H. Freelen, Kalamazoo; Second Lieutenant, Juo. B. Goodman, Niles; Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, Piatt Titus, Jackson. 

Company G. Captain, Frazey M. Winans, Monroe; First Lieutenant, 
Ahira G. Eastman, Adrian; Second Lieutenant, Wm. D. Wilkius, Detroit; 
Lecond Lieutenant, Michael Doyle, Detroit. 

The regiment entered early on the Scott campaign, and was engaged in the 
battles occurring on that line of operations, sustaining a most creditable record 
for energetic, gallant, and effective service, ending with the surrender of the 
Mexican capital. It was mustered out of service August 31st, 1848. 

Daring the month of June, 1847, the company known as the Brady Guard, 
of Detroit, was enlisted and mustered into the service of the United States on 
the 18th of that month, with Morgan L. Gage, Detroit, as Captain ; Alexander 
K. Howard, Detroit, First Lieutenant; Wm. F. Chittenden, Detroit, Second 
Lieutenant; Ara W. Sprage, Detroit, Second Lieutenant. This company 
garrisoned Fort Mackinac and Fort Brady, Sault Ste. Marie, taking the place 
of regulars sent to the front. These forts were commanded respectively by 
Ca})tain Gage and Lieutenant Howard. The company was mustered out of 
service at the close of the war. 

In Governor Epaphroditus Ransom's message of January 3, 1818, he says: 
"On the I'Jth of May, 1846, a requisition was made by the War Department 
upon the executive of the State for tlie enrollment of a regiment of volunteer 
infantry of ten companies, to be held in readiness for active service when 
called for by the President." 

" By a joint resolution of the Legislature, approved February 13, 1847, the 
sum of ten thousand dollars was appropriated to be applied, in the discntion. 
of the executive, in fitting out any volunteer regiment, battalion, or company, 
that might be called for from this State to serve in the war with Mexico." 



APPENDIX. 1035 

"In October last (184?) an order was issued by direction of the President for 
mustering these troops into the service of the United States, and the measures 
necessary to secure a compliance with that order were taken without delay by 
the proper authorities of the State." 

Tlae regiment was designated as the 1st Regiment Michigan Volunteers, and 
was mustered into the service at various dates during the months of October, 
November, and December, 1847, and January and February, 1848, with the 
following officers : 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Thomas B. W. Stockton, Flint, Colonel; Alpheus S. Williams, Detroit, 
Lieutenant Colonel; John V. Ruehle, Detroit, Major; Adrian R. Terry, 
Detroit, Surgeon ; Henry Lemcke, Detroit, Assistant Surgeon ; James E. 
Pittman, Detroit, Adjutant; Edmund Rice, Kalamazoo, Quartermaster; 
William S. Brown, Ann Arbor, Commissary. 

The following companies made up the regiment, and vrere mustered into 
service with the officers named : 

A. Captain, Frederick W. Curtenius, Kalamazoo; First Lieutenant, Ed- 
mund Rice, Kalamazoo; Second Lieutenant, Paul W. H. Rawls, Kalamazoo; 
Second Lieutenant, Samuel A, Rice, Kalamazoo. 

B. Captain, Grove N. Buel, St. Clair; First Lieutenant, Jno, E. King, 
Detroit; Second Lieutenant, Ebenezer Hawes, Detroit; Second Lieutenant, 
Jno. E. Schwartz, Detroit. 

C. Captain, Alfred H. Hanscom, Pontiac; First Lieutenant, Tlios. H. 
Hunt, Pontiac; Second Lieutenant, Chas. 0. Conant, Pontiac; Second Lieu- 
tenant, Andrew J. Hanscom, Pontiac. 

D. Caj)tain, Nicholas Gieusel, Jr., Detroit; First Lieutenant, Edward M. 
Pitclier, Detroit; Second Lieutenant, Horace S. Roberts, Detroit; Second 
Lieutenant, James E. Pittman, Detroit. 

E. Captain, Isaac S. Rowland, Detroit; First Lieutenant, Samuel Chad- 
wick, Tiiree Rivers; Second Lieutenant, Clement D. McNair, Detroit; Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, Louis D. Clairoux, Detroit. 

F. Captain, Jno. Whittemeyer, Niles; First Lieutenant, Jas. H. Stuart, 
Niles ; Second Lieutenant, Wm. B. Gray, Niles; Second Lieutenant, Chas. 
W. Cummings, Grand Rapids. 

G. Captain, Daniel Hicks, Adrian; First Lieutenant, Jas. L. Kingsland, 
Hillsdale; Second Lieutenant, Thos. Goetchius, Almout; Second Lieutenant, 
Egbert J. Van Bnren, Pontiac. 

H. Captain, Walter W. Dean, Monroe; First Lieutenant, Wm. L. Whip- 
ple, Detroit; Second Lieutenant, Benjamin F. Luce, Monroe; Second Lieu- 
tenant, Elislia Wright, Niles. 

L Captain, John Van Arman, Battle Creek; First Lieutenant, James S. 
Kingslaud, Marshall; Second Lieutenant, James D. Pierce, Marshall; Second 
Lieutenant, Moses K. Taylor, Ann Arbor. 

K. Captain, Jas. M. Williams, Detroit; First Lieutenant, Eli Snyder, 
Huwell ; Second Lieutenant Loriu L. Comstock, Adrian; Second Lieutenant, 
Benjamin Brownell, Jr., Niles. 

Entering Mexico at Vera Crnz nine comjianies advanced as far as Cordova, 
whicli they garrisoned for several months, while one company encam|)ed at 
Vera Cruz. 



1036 APPENDIX. 

The regiment remained in the field rendering faithful and efficient service 
until the close of the war, when it returned to Michigan via New Orleans, 
Chicago, and Mackinac, to Detroit, where it was mustered out of service July 
23, 1848. 

Governor Ransom, in his message of January 3d, 1848, further says: "Tlie 
promptitude with which our fellow citizens responded to this call affords an 
earnest that they will cheerfully encounter any hardship or danger for tin 
vindication of their country's honor, or the maintenance of its rights. Ttu'\ 
are entitled to our warm and unmeasured thanks, and that they may b 
'saved from the hands of our enemies, preserved from perils, and restored ic 
their respective families and friends,' should the prayer of every American 
patriot and Christian be offered to Him who is alone the giver of victory. 

"Of all the heroic band composing the American army in Mexico none have 
served their country more faithfully, bravely, and successfully than those from 
our own State. Officers and privates, regulars and volunteers, all have 
devoted themselves to their country's cause with a determined energy and 
unconquerable courage that would have distinguished an army of veterans." 

From the report of the Adjutant General of Michigan for 1848: 

" During the month of July last the eleven companies of volunteers calk'd 
into the service of the United States by a requisition of the President to serxt 
during the war with Mexico, returned and were mustered out of service. The\ 
consisted of the company of Brady Guards, which was stationed at Mackinac, 
and the 1st regiment of Michigan volunteers, nine companies of which weie 
for months garrisoned at Cordova, and one company at Vera Cruz, Mexico. 
Although the latter ten companies suffered greatly from diseases of the cli- 
mate, and death made sad havoc in their ranks, yet it is a matter of 8tai 
pride and congratulation to know that*the commanding generals are unan 
nious in bestowing all due praise upon the volunteers of Michigan." 



INDEX. 



PART L 

Pagk. 
Joint Resolutions Authorizing the Compilation, ; 

Officers Military Department of the State ' .' > 

Preface, .... 

Introduction, ... 

Raisinsf and Organization of Troops, '. * ' 17 

Nativities of Troops, • . . 

Calls of the President for Troops, '. " ' * 71 

Governor Orapo's Welcome to Returning Troops, .' ' 73 

Volunteer Surgeons, *. ' ' 75 

Armv Vote „ 

Reception of Troops, ' • • • 

Presentation of Colors • • . 

Flags of filichigan, .... 

Soldiers' Homes, ... 

Roll of Honor, '. " ' ' i07 

Soliliers and Sailors' Monument " ' ,qq 

Harper Hospital ... 

Military Museum, .... ... 

Financial Statements ' ,,„ 

Soldiers' Relief Association (Washington, D. 0.) ' .' .' i2'and75l 

Michigan Soldiers' Aid Society (Detroit) \ \ ' ^a-j 

Michigan Soldiers' Relief Association (Detroit), ' .' ' 127 

Christian Commission (Michigan Branch) • . • 

Ladies' Soldiers' Aid Society of Kalamazoo ' .' ' ' 130 

National Cemeteries ' * ' ,ot 

Rebel Raid from Canada, . . , ., 

Capture of Wilkes Booth, '..*.'' 155 

PART II. 

Preface ^^g 

Introduction ' iri 

First Infantry (three months) 

First Infantry (three years) *.'.'' * 174 

Second Infantry, 

Third Infantry .*.'.*.'.*.'.' 2O6 

Third Infantry (Re-organized) '.'.'.".'*' oig 

Fourth Infantry ^ ' 

Fourth Infantry (Re-organized), 231 

Fifth Infantry '.'.'.*. 

Sixth Infantry (Heavy Artillery), *.*.'.'.**' 259 

Seventh Infantry 

Eighth Infantry '.*.". 281 

Ninth Infantry 

Tenth Infantry '.'.*.'.*.'.*. an) 

Eleventh Infantry ^ ' 

Eleventh Infantry (Re-organized) '.*.'..'.'.'.*'* 32* 



1038 MICHIGAN IN THE WAB. 

Page. 

Twelfth Infantry 304 

Thirteenth Infantry 33j 

Fourteenth Infantry 342 

Fifteenth Infantry, 354 

Sixteenth Infantry 359 

Seventeenth Infantry ^ 374 

Eighteenth Infantry, 3,^ 

Nineteenth Infantry, 392 

Twentieth Infantry 397 

Twenty-first Infantry 412 

Twenty-second Infantry, 42i) 

Twenty-third Infantry ^29 

Twenty-fourth Infantry 433 

Twenty-fifth Infantry 45q 

Twenty-sixth Infantry, ^'2 

Twenty-seventh Infantry. ^■JQ 

Twenty eighth Infantry, ^yy 

Twenty-ninth Infantry ^g2 

Thirtieth Infantry ^^g 

First Colored (lOiil U. S.) Infantry \ 4^ 

Engineers and Mechanics, 494 

First Light Artillery ' gpg 

Battery A, 509 

Battery B 52i 

Battery * 524 

Battery D 526 

Battery E 503 

Battery F, . . . / '.'.'. 529 

Battery G, 532 

Battery EI 534 

Battery 1 53^5 

Battery K 537 

Battery L 53^ 

Battery M ' ' 540 

Thirteenth Battery 54j 

Fourteenth Battery 5^1 

First Sharp-Shooters 543 

First Cavalry ' \ 553 . 

Fifth Cavalry, gg^ 

Sixth Cavalry 5g9 

Seventh Cavalry 5^1 

Michigan Cavalry Brigade 573^ 

Second Cavalry gj^ 

Third Cavalry, g^S 

Fourth Cavalry, g39 , 

Eighth Cavalry ggg 

Ninth Cavalry, 7Q5 

Tenth Cavalry, 7lg 

Eleventh Cavalry 729 

Miscellaneous Organizations, 740 

Merrill Horse, 74q 

Thirty-seventh Illinois Infantry, Company D, 742 

Forty. second Illinois Infantry, Companies E, F, and H, 742 

Forty-fourth Illinois Infantry, Companies B and H 742 

Sixty-sixth Illinois Infantry (Western Sharp-Shooters), Company D 742 

First New York Cavalry, Company K \ _ 742 

Seventeenth New York Infantry, Company O, 743 

Forty-seventh Ohio Infantry, Company B 743 

Jackson Guard (Detroit) ^' ' 743 

Twenty-third Illinois Infantry, Company A ...*.*.. 743 

First U. 3. Sharp-Shooters, Companies O, I, and K, *.*.*. 744 

Second U. S. Sharp-Shooters, Company B, '.'.'.. 744 

btanton Guard, ' 744 

Lancer Regiment .'.'.'.'. 744 



INDEX. 1039 

^._ J. „ Page. 

dhandler Horse Guard ^^^ 

Provost Guard, ' »■- 

Number of Michigan Men Serving In Regiraenta of other States, . . .' .' .' .* .' .' 745 

Dates of Mu8ter-in and Muster-out of Michigan Troops, . . . .'.".*.*. *. '. '. 747 

Recapitulation of Casualties by Death *.*.'.'.*'** 749 

PART III. 

Introduction _.. 

_, ••••••••••#• 100 

Register of Commissioned OflScers ^.g 

In the Army, Regular and Volunteer, '.'.'.*.'.'.'* 974 

In the Navy, Regular and Volunteer '.'.'.'.*.* " ' ' 988 

Met the Enemy, g. 

*="*'^ *..'.'.'.'.'.'.*.'.'.'; .' ; 1001 

APPENDIX. 

The War of 1812-13, , , . , , 

The Black Hawk War .-..»,,,, 10 

The Toledo War '.',*.*.'.',',',***' 1023 

The Mexican War, * . .'.'.'.'.*.*.*,'.'.' * ' ' inoo 



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